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wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
0
| 19
|
https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/bob-marleys-eldest-son-bought-a-dollar55-million-toluca-lake-mansion-with-a-meditation-garden
|
en
|
Bob Marley's Eldest Son Bought A $5.5 Million Toluca Lake Mansion With A Meditation Garden
|
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[
"Joyce Chen",
"Mel Studach",
"Sophie Dweck",
"Condé Nast"
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2017-12-18T12:00:00-05:00
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Ziggy Marley, son of reggae icon Bob Marley, also owns two other homes in Los Angeles
|
en
|
https://www.architecturaldigest.com/verso/static/architectural-digest/assets/favicon.ico
|
Architectural Digest
|
https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/bob-marleys-eldest-son-bought-a-dollar55-million-toluca-lake-mansion-with-a-meditation-garden
|
Ziggy Marley’s real estate portfolio just expanded — in a very zen way. The musician, who is the son of reggae icon Bob Marley, recently paid $5.5 million for a Toluca Lake mansion that is the epitome of calm and repose, adding to a collection of homes that also include a $3.1 million Beverly Hills house and a condo in West Hollywood. The Spanish-style home features six bedrooms and seven bathrooms, as well as a handful of idyllic outdoor spaces: a covered loggia, an outdoor kitchen, a meditation garden (complete with a giant Buddha statue) and a streaming courtyard fountain. A swimming pool, spa and a basketball court round out the cannabis entrepreneur’s very green property.
In the home itself, the property features a circular two-story foyer with a dome ceiling that has natural elements like wood and stone to create a natural, earthy vibe. The home’s kitchen and family room also feature walls of glass that open out onto the backyard, with plenty of natural light for sunny mornings and afternoons. And for evenings, the mansion will likely keep Marley warm since it has six fireplaces throughout, including two in the master suite. A wine cellar, screening room, library and bar area will be perfect for entertaining for Bob Marley's offspring.
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Celebrity Style
Ciara and Russell Wilson’s Homes: Inside the Power Couple’s Real Estate Portfolio
The R&B superstar and NFL champion have owned property all over the country
|
||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
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FactBench
|
2
| 98
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https://maryloudriedger2.wordpress.com/tag/bob-marleys-mothers-grave/
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en
|
bob marley’s mother’s grave
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Posts about bob marley’s mother’s grave written by maryloudriedger
|
en
|
What Next?
|
https://maryloudriedger2.wordpress.com/tag/bob-marleys-mothers-grave/
|
He’s buried with a marijuana joint, his Gibson guitar, a soccer ball, a Bible, and a ring from the son of the Ethiopian Emperor he worshipped. That’s just one of the interesting things we learned about Jamaica’s most popular musician Bob Marley when we visited his childhood home in Nine Mile and also the adjacent mausoleums where he and his mother are buried. As soon as you walk in the gate there are people ready to sell you marijuana cigarettes to smoke.
Marijuana is illegal in Jamaica so this was rather surprising but the tourists who bought the marijuana and smoked it on our tour didn’t seem at all concerned about breaking the law.
Our guide pointed out a large billboard-style painting of Ethiopian Emperor Halie Sellasie and his wife. According to the Rastafari religion which began in Jamaica in the 1930s Sellasie, who died in 1975 was a divine messiah who would someday lead the people of Africa and the African diaspora to freedom. Bob Marley, his mother and his wife were all devout Rastafari followers. Our first tour stop was a kind of shrine with framed copies of all Marley’s award-winning albums.
There are numerous portraits of the artist whose song One Love was named Song of the Millenium by the BBC in 1999. Next, we were ushered into a sitting area in front of a stage where reggae musicians were performing a medley of Marley tunes. On the way up to see the house where Bob Marley spent his childhood, we stopped to look at the graves of his maternal grandparents. Bob was born in their house in 1945, to his 18-year-old mother Cedella Booker who was of African descent. His father was 60-year-old, Norval Marley. A plantation overseer he was of British descent. His father was seldom home and died when Bob was 10. We were invited inside the small two-room house where Bob and his mother lived from the time he was six months old till he was 13 and they moved to Kingston. I am standing beside the bed where Bob Marley slept Since the home of Bob and his mother only had two rooms cooking was done in this outdoor kitchen behind the house.Outside Bob Marley’s childhood home we were invited to lie down on a rock made famous in one of Bob’s songs “Talkin’ Blues”, where he refers to a rock that was his pillow.
The first mausoleum we visited paid tribute to Bob Marley’s mother. Bob Marley died in 1981 and his mother Cordella in 2008.This is the mausoleum where Cordella is buried. After Bob was born Cordella went on to have a daughter and two more sons with two different men and she adopted one of Bob’s sons. Bob Marley had fourteen children with nine different women, although he only married one- Rita Marley. Bob Marley is buried in this mausoleum along with his half brother Anthony who was killed in a shoot-out with police in 1990 after he began open firing with a shotgun in a Miami shopping mall. Outside the mausoleum was this sign to remind us that Bob Marley lives on through his music. As you leave the Bob Marley site you pass through shops selling Bob Marley souvenirs.
The road up to the Bob Marley Nine Mile Site is in terrible condition and very twisty and narrow. It is used by local buses that ignore the idea of any kind of speed limit and pass without wondering what other vehicles might be around the corner. I was so glad we were in the hands of expert driver and Pentecostal pastor Andrew Moody. His astute observations about Bob Marley and the Nine Mile site as well as the story of Andrew’s own personal life experiences, including working on different farms in Canada were worth the car fare on their own. We saw so much of the Jamaican countryside on our trip to Nine Mile and that was great!
We’ve talked to people here in Jamaica who aren’t exactly happy that a marijuana smoking, womanizer has become their most famous citizen but there are others who say that you can’t underestimate the value to the Jamaican tourist industry of Marley, the reggae great who has been inducted into the Rock n Roll Hall of Fame and has won a Lifetime Achievement Grammy. He’s certainly put Jamaica on the map.
Other posts about Jamaica…….
A Church and a Bar on Every Corner
No Chili in Jamaica
Meeting a Jamaican Saint
Beaching it on the Caribbean
A Day in the Life of the Runaway Bay Resource Centre
The Flowers of Jamaica
Jamaica’s Next PGA Golfer
|
|||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
0
| 39
|
https://www.aol.com/simple-reason-why-bob-marley-141600458.html
|
en
|
The Simple Reason Why Bob Marley Drove BMWs
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[
"Bob Marley",
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] | null |
[
"The Editors",
"AOL Staff"
] |
2023-03-08T14:16:00+00:00
|
By the mid-Seventies, Bob Marley could have afforded any car on earth. He chose a BMW 1602.
|
en
|
https://www.roadandtrack.com/car-culture/a43130955/bob-marley-bmw-wailers/
|
In the Seventies, in the scruffy Trenchtown neighborhood of Jamaica’s capital, Kingston, you wouldn’t see a lot of finely engineered German cars on the street. So denizens took notice of the red BMW 1602 parked there. That car belonged to the most famous Jamaican singer-songwriter ever born—Bob Marley. Even in this notoriously crime-ridden ghetto, he kept the doors unlocked because he knew no one in Trenchtown would touch his ride. Marley was no gearhead and had little passion for anything costly except his guitars (he played Gibson Les Pauls, Fender Stratocasters, and an occasional Washburn or Yamaha). For Marley, the car was all about the name.
This story originally appeared in Volume 15 of Road & Track.
“I have a BMW,” he famously said. “But only because it stands for Bob Marley and the Wailers, and not because I need an expensive car.”
B for Bob. M for Marley. W for Wailers.
For a guy who grew up in abject poverty, simple transportation was a luxury. In “No Woman, No Cry,” he sang of those early days when he was strapped for cash: “My feet is my only carriage, and so I’ve got to push on through.” Marley’s first single, from 1962, was called “One Cup of Coffee.” By 1973, his music was catching on in the States. “It’s Here—Reggae Rock,” the New York Times announced that year, in the earliest mention of Marley we could locate in mainstream American print. By the mid-Seventies, Marley could have afforded any car on earth. He chose the 1602.
BMW launched the 1602 (originally called the 1600-2 for its 1600-cc engine and two doors) in 1966, and it was a game changer for the Bavarian marque. Road & Track declared the car “a great automobile at the price.” Most notably, the 1602 was the progenitor of the 2002, which debuted to rave reviews in 1968 and launched the Euro sports-coupe phenomenon that remains today.
At one point, Marley upgraded to a four-door BMW E3 2500, known in the U.S. as the Bavaria. The E3 was the predecessor of the 5-series, packing a 150-hp 2500-cc inline-six. BMW built it from 1968 to 1977. You might guess that Marley needed a roomier vehicle because he fathered at least 11 children. But apparently, he just liked the car for its initials.
Marley died of cancer in Miami in 1981 at 36, ending his magical career way too soon. His BMW E3 2500 is rumored to be in someone’s garage in California. It probably still stinks of ganja.
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||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
1
| 75
|
https://www.facebook.com/republicjournal/videos/today-in-1981-bob-marley-died-aged-36/780972432573183/
|
en
|
Today in 1981, Bob Marley died aged 36. - On 11 May 1981, internationally-renowned reggae musician, Bob Marley, died aged 36. Marley helped popularize...
|
[] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null |
Today in 1981, Bob Marley died aged 36.
-
On 11 May 1981, internationally-renowned reggae musician, Bob Marley, died aged 36. Marley helped popularize...
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de
|
https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/rsrc.php/yT/r/aGT3gskzWBf.ico
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https://www.facebook.com/republicjournal/videos/today-in-1981-bob-marley-died-aged-36/780972432573183/
| ||||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
3
| 95
|
https://money.yahoo.com/jo-mersa-marley-bob-marley-002319382.html
|
en
|
Jo Mersa Marley, Bob Marley’s Grandson, Found Dead at 31
|
https://media.zenfs.com/en/thedailybeast.com/2d9dfda768d6ac145a64bfa55c8c5a28
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https://media.zenfs.com/en/thedailybeast.com/2d9dfda768d6ac145a64bfa55c8c5a28
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2022-12-28T00:23:19+00:00
|
Johnny Louis/Getty ImagesThe son of of reggae singer Stephen Marley and grandson of legendary artist Bob Marley, Joseph ‘Jo Mersa’ Marley, died Tuesday at the age of 31, reports said. The music streaming service TIDAL reported that he was found unresponsive in a vehicle somewhere in the U.S.—though the exact location remains unclear.It also posted a tribute to Marley, who followed in his grandfather’s footsteps and became a reggae artist in his own right. “Forever in our hearts. RIP Jo Mersa Mar
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https://s.yimg.com/rz/l/favicon.ico
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https://www.thedailybeast.com/joseph-jo-mersa-marley-bob-marleys-grandson-found-dead-at-31?source=articles&via=rss
|
The son of of reggae singer Stephen Marley and grandson of legendary artist Bob Marley, Joseph ‘Jo Mersa’ Marley, died Tuesday at the age of 31, reports said.
The music streaming service TIDAL reported that he was found unresponsive in a vehicle somewhere in the U.S.—though the exact location remains unclear.
It also posted a tribute to Marley, who followed in his grandfather’s footsteps and became a reggae artist in his own right. “Forever in our hearts. RIP Jo Mersa Marley,” the streaming company wrote.
A South Florida Carribbean radio station, WZPP, confirmed the news and reported that he suffered from an asthma attack—though his official cause of death still hasn’t been released.
Marley was born in Jamaica and released two EP’s, Comfortable in 2014 and Eternal in 2021. He also appeared on a track on Morgan Heritage’s Grammy-winning album Strictly Roots in 2015.
“I give thanks for being a Marley,” he told entertainment site The Pier in 2014. “I’m very appreciative and thankful that I am born where I am born and put where God has decided. I’m very thankful about it and proud.”
His grandfather died in 1981 at the age of 36 from a melanoma, after having 11 children—including Joseph’s father, Stephen, and his uncle, the reggae artist Ziggy Marley.
Representatives for Joseph Marley did not respond to a request for comment from The Daily Beast.
Read more at The Daily Beast.
Get the Daily Beast's biggest scoops and scandals delivered right to your inbox. Sign up now.
|
|||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
0
| 4
|
https://www.bet.com/photo-gallery/x0z9go/bob-marley-celebrating-the-influential-reggae-singer-s-life-in-pictures/c0mz5d
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en
|
Bob Marley flashes a - Image 4 from Bob Marley: Celebrating The Influential Reggae Singer's Life In pictures
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https://images.paramount.tech/uri/mgid:arc:imageassetref:bet.com:841356ba-6f00-44a0-96fa-a807557dfe52?quality=0.7&gen=ntrn&format=jpg&width=1200&height=630&crop=true
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https://images.paramount.tech/uri/mgid:arc:imageassetref:bet.com:841356ba-6f00-44a0-96fa-a807557dfe52?quality=0.7&gen=ntrn&format=jpg&width=1200&height=630&crop=true
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[
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] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null |
3rd June 1977: Singer, guitarist and composer of reggae music Bob Marley, (1945 - 1981), originally Robert Nesta Marley, in London. jpg.jpg - The reggae superstar passed away 42 years ago today.
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en
|
/favicon.ico
|
BET
|
https://www.bet.com/photo-gallery/x0z9go/bob-marley-celebrating-the-influential-reggae-singer-s-life-in-pictures/c0mz5d
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||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
0
| 78
|
https://www.heraldweekly.com/these-gravestones-are-just-as-memorable-as-the-stars-buried-underneath-them-part3/27
|
en
|
Bob Marley - Gravestones That Are Just as Memorable as the Stars Buried Underneath Them: Part 3
|
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2024-07-09T10:28:00+00:00
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Bob Marley is hands down the most famous reggae artist of all time. He was known for his unique style and voice and the fact that he was always having a …
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Herald Weekly
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https://www.heraldweekly.com/these-gravestones-are-just-as-memorable-as-the-stars-buried-underneath-them-part3/27
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Rita Hayworth
This photo, taken on march 1st, 2016, in Los Angeles, California, at Holy Cross Cemetery, shows the gravestone of the much beloved American actress, dancer, and producer Rita Hayworth.
She is best known for her 1946 performance in the film Noir Gilda, opposite Glenn Ford. Hayworth often played the role of the femme fatale in many major motion pictures of the 1940s and 50s.
Marlene Dietrich
This photo shows the gravesite of German-born American singer and actress Marie Magdalene "Marlene" Dietrich, whose career spanned from the early 1900s all the way to the 80s! Dietrich started her career performing in silent films and stage productions.
She's most famous for her performance in movies such as "Blue Angel." and "Touch of Evil" and was a very outspoken political refugee of her generation singing for American troops during World War II. The epitaph roughly translates to "Here I stand at the markers of my days."
Florance Nightingale
Back in the mid-1800s, being a celeb did not necessarily mean that you were a professional singer or actress. If anything, during the industrial revolution, the people with the most influence and power were the people who made the most impact on humanity.
Florence Nightingale is one of those people. Nightingale was a British social reformist whose statistics nursing studies became the basis of a lot of what we know today about society. Nightingale's prominence came during the Crimean War when she served as a head nurse and trainer for nurses who cared for wounded soldiers at Constantinople.
Don Rickles
Don Rickles lived a grand and influential life as a stand-up comedian and actor who pioneered the art of insult comedy.
Major films he starred in included "Run Silent," "Run Deep With Clark Gable," "Carl Reiner's Enter Laughing," Clint Eastwood's "Kelly's Heroes," and Martine Scorsese's "Casino" where he starred alongside Robert De Niro. Rickles sadly passed away due to kidney failure on April 6th, 2017.
Jon Bonham
Jon Bonham was the drummer on the one and only beloved British rock band, Led Zeppelin, which gave us timeless rock ballads such as "Stairway to Heaven," and "Immigrant Song."
Sadly, Bonham partied too hard one night before a show, with toxicology reports showing that in 24 hours, he ingested 1.4 liters of alcohol, ultimately leading to his accidental passing due to aspiration of vomit.
Edward "Eddie" G. Kean
Have you ever wondered where the phrase "cowabunga dude" started? It wasn't some surfer dude who caught a sick wave in California.
Nope, it's actually coined by Edward George Kean. The American television pioneer and writer who created the 2,000-episode series, "The Howdy Doody Show." Kean sadly passed away on August 13th, 2010, at the age of 85, during a struggle with emphysema.
Georges Rodenbach
Georges Rodenbach worked as a lawyer and journalist for ten years but you might know him better for his side gig as a writer. After all, it was his career as a novelist which ended up making him famous. Born to a French mother and a German father from the Rhineland in Tournai, France, he was also related to the famous German poet Christoph Martin Wieland.
Rodenbach's best work was the 1892 novel, "Bruges-la-Morte," which famous composer Eric Wolfgang Korngold used as a basis for his opera "Die tote Stadt."
Colette
Born Sidonie-Gabrielle Colette, known as Colette, was a French author, "woman of letters," mime, actress, and journalist. She was best known around the world for her 1944 novel "Gigi," which served as the basis for two further projects, a film in 1958 and a stage musical in 1973.
She was born on January 28th, 1873, and died many years later on August 3rd, 1954. She was also portrayed by Keira Knightley in "Colette," a 2018 biopic, which was described by Rotten Tomatoes as "mediocre."
Gioachino Antonio Rossini
Italian composer Gioachino Antonio Rossini gained fame for composing 39 different operas throughout his career.
Rossini actually stopped writing in the late 1820s, saying that the quality of singing and audience interest had visibly declined and that he no longer wished to write anymore. However, his style of opera buffa was so enjoyable to watch that a lot of his commissions still live on to this day.
Honore de Balzac
French playwright and novelist Honore de Balzac is best known for his presentation of the post-Napoleonic French life panoramic novel sequence "La Comedie." He is considered in France as a major early influence in realism and naturalism within the realm of fiction writing and is also considered one of the greatest fiction writers of all time.
We must all remember to 'Honore' de Balzac if we want to live half the life he did.
Jean-Louis André Théodore Géricault
Jean-Louis André Théodore Géricault is a French painter and lithographer who is best known for his painting "The Raft of the Medusa," A painting that depicts the tragedy and desperation of life, death, and war. You can see a relief version of that painting placed on the front of the artist's headstone.
Sadly, the artist passed rather young, being born on September 26th, 1791, and dying on January 26th, 1824. Wars in the 1700s were ferocious and tragic, and many artists of the time did the best they could to depict the suffering of humankind for future generations to learn.
Marie and Pierre Curie
Marie and Pierre Curie are the most revered power couple in the scientific world. Especially Marie Salmoea Sklodowska who was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize, but more importantly, the first person and only woman in history to win a Nobel Prize twice for her discovery of radium and polonium, as well as a huge contribution to finding treatments for cancer.
If you want to get into feminism, Marie Curie is a great place to start.
J.R.R. Tolkien
The legendary writer of "The Lord of the Rings" trilogy, J.R.R. Tolkien needs no introduction (but we still snuck one in.) The prolific writer was buried next to his wife in an Oxford cemetery, where people often come to pay their respects in the form of plants and flowers.
Passing away on September 2nd, 1973, two years after his wife did, he left the world a legacy in the form of his seminal books.
Astrid Lindgren
Writer of the book "Pippy Longstocking" Astrid Emilia Lindgren was a Swedish writer of fiction and screenplays. She lived quite a long life. Born on November 14th, 1907, in Vimmerby, Sweden, she passed on January 28th, 2002, in her home in Stockholm from a viral infection.
Her "Pippy Longstocking" books still inspire youth around the world to be joyful, adventurous, and creative, and we owe her a big thanks for that.
Audry Hepburn
Audry Hepburn is a household name in movie culture. The British actress and humanitarian was born on May 4th, 1929, in Ixelles, Belgium. She is best known for her performances in films such as "Roman Holiday," "Breakfast at Tiffany's," and "My Fair Lady."
Her work led to her being ranked as the third-greatest female screen legend from Classical Hollywood Cinema, and she was inducted into the International Best Dressed List Hall of Fame. She sadly died of cancer in 1993.
Fernand Arbelot
While he was once an actor and musician, who undoubtedly entertained countless people, the thing that Fernand Arbelot is most famous for is his stunning grave. Found in the famous Pere Lachaise cemetery in Paris, the bronze statue depicts Fernand holding the face of his wife, as his last wish was to be able to look at her face for all eternity.
The French epitaph reads "They marveled at the beauty of the journey that brought them to the end of life."
Douglas Adams
English Author Douglas Noel Adams is best known for his sci-fi novel "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy." The novel was originally a 1978 BBC radio comedy broadcast and ended up being developed into a series of books that sold more than 15 million copies within his lifetime alone.
In reference to the famous franchise he wrote, fans who visit his final resting place leave tokens of appreciation like towels, pens, and anything that has the number 42 on it. You'll have to at least read the first book to be in on the joke.
Greta Garbo
Swedish-American actress Greta Garbo was beloved for her melancholic yet somber persona. She often portrayed tragic characters in her films, and her performances are regarded as subtle and understated. She lived quite a long life from September 18th, 1905, to April 15th, 1990.
There were not many famous Swedish-American actresses in America at the time, and Garbo helped inspire many European actresses to come and try their luck in the U.S.
Eva Peron
Eva Peron is the household sweetheart of Argentinian society. She served as the First Lady of Argentina from June 1946 until her death in July 1952. She is most famously renditioned by Modanna in the movie "Evita," where Madonna sings the song, "Don't Cry for Me Argentina."
For anyone in need of a translation of the Spanish epitaph, it translates to: "Do not mourn me lost or far away, I am an essential part of your existence, all love and pain were foreseen for me, I complied with my humble imitation of Christ, who walked in my path to follow. YOUR DISCIPLES."
Étienne-Gaspard Robert
Étienne-Gaspard Robert was a magician in a time when it was even a bit dangerous to be one. It wasn't just because some magic tricks are dangerous, but also because during the 1700s, people suspected magicians of being worshipers outside of Christianity and often persecuted them.
While experimenting with lanterns and various elements of physics, Étienne-Gaspard Robert produced horror-magic shows that astounded his spectators. So much so, that even his gravestone depicts an audience startled by the ghoulish images he created.
Sir Isaac Newton
When it comes to Newton, we don't really know where to start. His discoveries on the law of motion and gravitation published in "Mathematical Principles of Natual Philosophy" may be his most impressive accomplishments.
Newton died in 1727 at age 84 and was given the honorary distinction of being buried at Westminster Abbey. The late scientist's statue depicts him realizing underneath a globe, perhaps finally taking a break after all his progression.
Susan B. Anthony
For women voters, the gravesite of women's rights activist Susan B. Anthony has become a place of pilgrimage, especially on Election Day. Anthony fought to give women the chance to make their voices known and join the men in the voting booth.
One of the most common things to leave on or near her grave in Mount Hope Cemetery, Rochester, New York, is “I Voted” stickers. The site also has plenty of Anthony's family nearby, but they are always overshadowed by the woman who paved the path for women everywhere.
President Abraham Lincoln
As the sixteenth President of the United States, Abraham Lincoln grew from the humblest of homes, a small log cabin, and not only became President but is remembered as one of the greatest presidents to ever live. He is buried next to his wife, Mary Todd Lincoln, and their four children in Oak Ridge Cemetery in Springfield, Illinois.
The tomb includes an obelisk, steps, and statues, befitting one of the greatest men in the history of the United States. A bronze sculpture of Lincoln's head marks the entrance to the tomb – visitors rub its nose for good luck.
John Belushi
John Belushi rose to fame during his four-year run on "Saturday Night Live." He was famous for his impressions, though producer Lorne Michaels wasn't a big fan of his initially. Throughout his career, Belushi struggled with substance abuse, which would ultimately claim his life.
He was a fan favorite, and even though he's been gone for quite a while, it seems like they wish they had the chance to share a drink with the famous comedian. His gravestone reads, "I may be gone, but Rock and Roll lives on," and is often surrounded by empty bottles.
Jimi Hendrix
When he was a teenager, Jimi Hendrix started playing guitar. At age 27, he was the world's highest-paid performer and the headliner at the Woodstock Music Festival. A year later, Hendrix died from substance abuse and went down in history as one of the greatest guitarists of all time.
In 2002, Hendrix's remains were secretly moved from Renton, Washington, to this legendary artist's shrine.
Bob Marley
Bob Marley is hands down the most famous reggae artist of all time. He was known for his unique style and voice and the fact that he was always having a good time. Marley passed away at the age of 36, after a four-year battle with melanoma that eventually spread to his brain.
After his passing, Bob was buried in Jamaica, where the government made his birthday (February 6th) a national holiday. On this day each year, fans from around the world celebrate the holiday with a music festival that takes place near the mausoleum where his body was buried.
Winston Churchill
Before his burial, Churchill's coffin was taken up the river Thames, where the dockyard operators had arranged that the cranes dip in salute before reaching Waterloo station.
Although Waterloo was out of the way, Churchill had asked that his coffin passes through there if the President of France outlived him as a jab towards his former ally. Before his death, Churchill is described as saying, “I am ready to meet my Maker. Whether my Maker is prepared for the ordeal of meeting me is another matter.”
Oscar Wilde
There is a deep irony when it comes to the playwright and author Oscar Wilde's tombstone. The writer challenged the moral awareness of the time and was later convicted for charges relating to homosexuality, which was illegal in the United Kingdom.
His incarceration for following his heart was acknowledged on his headstone, which reads, “A kiss may ruin a human life.” This is where the irony comes in. Supporters of the author have since decorated his grave with kisses, causing the stone to decay. As a result, a barrier was put up, and a fine of 9,000 euros is given to anyone caught kissing the stone.
Walt Disney
Walt Disney was the first of his kind; he helped produce some of the most recognizable cartoon characters in history. Disney was a pioneer in the animation industry, opened the most famous theme park globally, and still holds the record for the most Academy Awards won by a single person.
In 1966, the legend passed away due to complications arising from lung cancer. Despite his loving and charismatic persona, he was a very private man. His funeral was open to just family and friends.
Emily Dickinson
While there's no quote from Dickinson on her minimalist headstone, it still states that she was “Called back” and then states the date of her death. Situated in Amherst West Cemetery in Amherst, Massachusetts, there isn't much else to see for this early-American literary great.
A black iron fence surrounds her family's plot, and fans still leave bundles of flowers and honor a woman who forged a path for female poets and authors long before she could even vote. Her often spiritual work is still a boon to those suffering, and the beauty of her words and phrases can still be found if you have the chance to read them today.
Elizabeth Taylor
While Elizabeth Taylor is buried among fellow greats like Walt Disney, Michael Jackson, and Nat King Cole, this member of Hollywood's Golden Age has her own opulence to greet visitors. This famous gravesite features Taylor buried beneath an open-armed angel, with the simple words “In Memoria” etched above the angel in Gothic script.
While the angel is certainly eye-catching – much like Taylor herself – the gravesite as a whole is a bit simpler than you might imagine. While Taylor wasn't simple, she was always classy, and her final resting place evinces that. Beauty, but without being overbearing. Classy and calm.
Freddie Mercury
Except for his former partner Mary Austin, no one knows where Freddie Mercury's ashes are really buried. Yet, there is still a place for fans to pay their respects in Montreux, Switzerland, overlooking Lake Geneva. It's where the singer and songwriter spent many of his final days before passing.
The impressive statue is of Mercury hitting one of his memorable poses, jacket flaring out behind him and fist thrust high. The outer walls of his Garden Lodge mansion in London are also a popular place for fans to visit, and they've become a public shrine full of graffiti messages to the departed rocker.
Charles Lindbergh
Charles Lindbergh took to the skies and paved the way for the rest of us to join him. As the first man to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean, he saw more of our world than people might have thought possible at the time.
His scenic gravesite can be found on the island of Maui in Hawaii, behind the Palapala Ho'omau Church, the first place on the island to see the sunrise each morning. The stone itself bears the inscription: “If I take the wings of the morning, and dwell in the uttermost parts of the sea...”
Jesse James
Perhaps one of the most infamous outlaws, Jesse James, was known for robbing stagecoaches, banks, and trains. By the time of his death in 1882, he was already a celebrity in the Wild West. Fellow outlaw Robert Ford killed James, and after his death, crowds gathered in the small house in St. Joseph, Missouri, for the last look at James’ body.
His memorable gravestone was written by his mother and reads, “Murdered Apr. 3, 1882, By a Traitor and Coward Whose Name is Not Worthy to Appear Here.”
Michael Jackson
When you're as big as Michal Jackson, you don't need your name or anything witty written on your tombstone. After the King of Pop's sudden death in 2009, his remains sit unmarked at the Forest Lawn Cemetery in California.
Though there's nothing that suggests that this is Jackson's grave, it is filled with flowers and fans' gifts. Rather unsurprisingly, the area is blocked off from visitors and protected by security at all times.
James Dean
By the age of twenty-four, James Dean was an iconic Hollywood actor and a young adult idol that was becoming a household name. In 1955, he went to his death in a car accident, and he's now buried in Fairmount, Indiana, in Park Cemetery. While Hollywood had claimed him, his hometown was still in Indiana.
He's buried beneath a simple headstone that has his name and his birth and death dates. The headstone is also covered with lipstick kiss marks from adoring fans. We kind of hope they wash it frequently...but we also kind of hope they don't. The cemetery holds a festival every year in his honor.
Babe Ruth
Known as Babe, George Herman Ruth Jr. is one of baseball's most legendary players. His death at the age of fifty-three from cancer came as a big shock to baseball fans in 1948. While he was lying in state at Yankee Stadium, more than seventy-seven thousand people came to see him.
He's buried in Gate of Heaven Cemetery, Hawthorne, New York, and his gravestone attracts crowds of Yankee and baseball fans. Visitors will often leave gifts of baseballs, caps, and flags. The gravestone has a large relief of Christ and a child, and other than the standard details, it doesn't boast.
Karl Marx
People are quite divided on Marx. Some believe him to be a man of the people that helped save millions from their overlords; others consider him the founder of an ideology that resulted in the deaths of many, many, many more millions of people. Regardless of your opinion, there's no denying his gravestone is a grand affair.
The German philosopher had an enormous impact on modern history, and though he died statelessly, he was laid to rest in England's East Highgate cemetery. The site has a large tombstone that is topped with his famously stern and hirsute countenance. If you visit, just know that he's judging you.
Mel Blanc
Mel Blanc is the talent behind the voices for some of the most beloved cartoons of all time. His talent for cartoon voice-overs earned him the moniker "The Man of a Thousand Voices." The actor made such an impression on American culture that he and his character Bugs Bunny were both given stars on Hollywood Boulevard.
One of Blanc’s most famous lines, and the one that was etched onto his headstone, was delivered by quite a few of Blanc’s characters, including Daffy Duck, Bugs Bunny, and Porky Pig: “That’s all folks!” A send-off was usually followed by a smile and a wink.
Orville and Wilbur Wright
Tons and tons of aviation pioneers came from Ohio, for some reason, and that includes men who would eventually stand on the moon. The Ohioans that got things rolling were Orville and Wilbur Wright, who were the first men to fly in a self-propelled airplane.
They designed, invented, built, and flew it together in North Carolina in 1903. They ushered in a new era of transportation that made travel much easier, faster, and cheaper. They share a single gravestone in Woodland Cemetery in Dayton, Ohio, where pilots, aviation fans, and more visit regularly.
Herman Melville
Even if you haven't been able to get through the famously-intricate prose, you certainly know about Herman Melville's magnum Opus “Moby Dick.” This whaling author was buried in Woodlawn Cemetery, New York, after he died in 1891. His famous grave is in the shape of a scroll and is situated next to his wife, Elizabeth, who died in childbirth.
People who visit the gravesite often leave whale and whaling tokens, a reference to a novel that is still being taught in high schools and colleges even today. Want to tackle this time? Just try one chapter a night.
John Wilkes Booth
He was a famous stage actor, but one fateful day tied him to a president. On April 14th, 1865, John Wilkes Booth snuck into the private box of President Abraham Lincoln and shot him. Lincoln died soon after, and Booth was tried and found guilty and shot dead on April twenty-sixth of the same year.
He rests in his family's plot in Baltimore's Greenmount Cemetery. Visitors to the gravesite will often leave a little monetary gift atop his headstone – pennies, which feature the austere head of the man he murdered. Take that, Booth.
President George Washington
The first President of the United States is one of those historical figures that almost everyone – both in and outside the United States – remembers. He defeated the English to help create America and became the nation's first president, setting the stage for democracy and representative republics. The first president rests in the Washington Family Tomb at Mount Vernon, Virginia, where he lived after becoming president.
Outside of the tomb are grave markers for his brother, John Augustine Washington, and his nephew, Bushrod Washington. The structure of the tomb is simple brick, which looks perfect for the first president.
Rodney Dangerfield
Rodney Dangerfield is most remembered for his roles in "Caddyshack" and "Easy Money." As a performer, he reached the irony of his surroundings with a deadpan delivery and a straight face.
Aside from film, Dangerfield's late-night television monologues were filled with lines that had audiences laughing. An example of one such line is, "My wife and I were happy for twenty years. Then we met." Even in death, Dangerfield couldn't help but crack one final joke!
Princess Diana
Princess Diana's death shook the world, affecting millions around the world. She was killed in a car accident in Paris, which is speculated to have been caused by paparazzi. The beloved Princess of Wales was only 36 at the time of her accident.
Her body now rests on the Spencer family's estate in North Hampshire, England. Her memorial lies on an island in the middle of the lake, Round Oval. You can see an urn and shrine dedicated to the princess, but there is no tombstone or grave to be seen.
Leslie Nielsen
Actor Leslie Nielsen made his acting debut in 1950, appearing in 46 live television programs a year. Nielsen's forte was depicting characters oblivious to and complicit in their ridiculous surroundings.
By the end of his career, he had acted in over 100 films and 150 television programs. In an interview, the comedic actor promised that his memorial would reference his love of flatulence and whoopee cushions. As we can see, Nielsen fulfilled that promise.
Rick James
James Ambrose Johnson Jr., better known by his stage name, Rick James, released his most famous album in 1981. Unfortunately, the singer had to pause his career after various health problems forced him into early retirement. Only a few years later, in 2004, the singer sadly died from heart failure.
The original super freak wanted the world to know that he would continue partying in the afterlife and had himself etched into his gravestone, looking as funky as ever.
Johnny Ramone
Few people were so pioneering in the world of punk music as Johnny Ramone, who formed a band you may be familiar with if you're into the genre. An eight-foot statue of the guitarist, frozen forever in a sick solo, sits atop his headstone in Hollywood Forever Cemetery in Los Angeles, which is also the final resting place of names like Anton Yelchin, Mickey Rooney, and Mel Blanc.
The cemetery holds an annual memorial tribute to Ramone to benefit cancer research. Ramone himself died after a five-year battle with prostate cancer. He died doing what he loved – recording music and hating socialism.
Billy Wilder
Billy Wilder got his start in the late 1920s; he escaped Berlin for Paris before moving out west to Hollywood. Wilder became a successful writer and director, directing major motion pictures like "Some Like It Hot" and "The Apartment."
His comedy writing was so admired that he was awarded both an Oscar and a Lifetime Achievement Award for his work. His last joke, perhaps one of his best, ensured that he'd be recognized in death just as he was when he was alive - full of humor.
Dee Dee Ramone
The Ramone’s bassist and occasional lead singer Dee Dee Ramone was most well-known as one of its founding members. The musician had a hard time singing and playing bass simultaneously; he is credited for writing some of the most popular punk rock band songs of all time.
Sadly, Dee Dee Ramone died before his time due to developments related to substance abuse. Ramone was beloved by fans, and his gravestone is often covered with kisses. His engraving was short and sweet and read, "O.K...I gotta go now."
Jules Verne
One of the most influential French authors, poets, and playwrights, was Jules Verne. His works held major importance in the surrealism and avant-garde literary genres. The author was known for carefully researching his subjects before writing about them, so much so that he became the "Father of Science Fiction."
Verne is buried in the Cimetiere de la Madeleine in Amiens, France. His gravestone depicts the writer bursting out of his grave. Perhaps an ode to one of his most memorable works, "Journey to the Center of the Earth."
Thomas Edison
Credited with inventing oodles and oodles – and also shocking an elephant to death, which was fun – Thomas Edison is buried with his wife behind their home in West Orange, New Jersey. He lasted all the way until age eighty-four, passing in 1931, living to see his inventions become world-changing developments.
That's not the only place to see Edison's final resting place, in a way. A test tube in the Henry Ford Museum in Detroit is said to contain Edison's last breath, collected by his son, Charles, as Edison breathed his last.
Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt
When the thirty-second President of the United States died, he was sitting for a portrait that would never be finished. This president, as well as his wife Eleanor, are buried at their lifelong home in Hyde Park, New York. A simple marble headstone has names, birth dates, and death dates set on a finely-manicured lawn.
These Roosevelts helped get America through one of the darkest times in the last hundred years and died mere months before the end of one of the world's greatest conflicts. Suffering from polio for most of his life, it's thought that Eleanor guided him at the end of his life in matters of state.
Marcel Proust
Valentin Louis Georges Eugène Marcel Proust was a French novelist, critic, and essayist who wrote the monumental novel "À la recherche du temps perdu," published in seven parts between 1913 and 1927.
He is considered by critics and writers to be one of the most influential authors of the 20th century.
Amy Winehouse
Amy Winehouse was one of her generation's most talented and influential singer-songwriters. She tragically died in 2011 at the age of 27. Her gravestone can be found in the United Kingdom, in the Edgwarebury Cemetery, in Edgware.
It's black and inscribed with pink writing. The songbird symbolizes her grandmother, who she admired dearly and even had her name tattooed on her arm. The headstone also includes names of people who were close to Amy, including her parents.
Toto's Memorial
Dogs deserve memorials, too, especially ones as influential as the late canine who played Dorthy's best friend in The Wizard of Oz. This sweet gesture was funded by fans who wanted to make sure the pet would be cherished forever.
The little guy's real name was actually Terry, not Toto. If you want to come and pay the last tribute to him, you can find his memorial at Hollywood Forever Cemetery in Hollywood, California.
Grace Kelly
Grace Kelly, also known as the princess of Monaco, starred in many classic movies during Hollywood's golden age, including "Dial M for Murder" and "Rear Window," to name a few. She got her princess title after marrying Prince Rainier.
Her 1956 wedding was named the "Wedding of the Century." She died in 1982 at the age of 52 and is now buried in Saint Nicholas Cathedral, Monaco, where most of the country's royals are buried.
Jean Paul Sartre and Simone De Beauvoir
Back in the day, Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone De Beauvoir were what we'd call it couple. They were both existentialist French philosophers, and if you are not sure exactly what that means, you're not the only one.
While she died six years after he did, the two share a gravestone in a cemetery in Paris, France. The two spent their lives challenging societal ideas together, so it's only fitting they are going to spend eternity together.
Edith Piaf
French Singer Edith Piaf had a tough beginning to her life. Still, she managed to rise above it. By the time WW II ended, Édith had toured the world and become internationally known.
One of her most beloved and memorable songs was "La Vie en Rose." She died in 1967, and she was only 47 at the time. Today, you can visit her Paris childhood home which was turned into a museum dedicated to her life. Her gravestone can be found in the Pere Lachaise cemetery in France.
Judy Garland
The actress and singer appeared in numerous iconic films, such as ‘A Star is Born,’ ‘The Wizard of Oz,’ and ‘Meet Me in St. Louis’ — all of which she delivered powerhouse performances in. In addition, her live shows in the later years of her career are regarded as some of the greatest live performances in showbiz history.
She was originally buried in New York’s Ferncliff Cemetery, but in 2017 her family decided she should be in Hollywood and moved her to the Hollywood Forever Cemetery. We bet she's happier now.
President John F. Kennedy
The assassination of President Kennedy on November 22, 1963, became one of the most important moments in the twentieth century. Kennedy rests near his wife, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, and his brothers, Robert and Ted Kennedy, in Arlington National Cemetery, Virginia.
His status as a President gave his family a lot of control over how they wanted his final resting place to appear, but Kennedy's stone is relatively simple. It's a marking stone next to his wife's, with an eternal flame above and between them. While conspiracy theories abound, still, about his death, his gravesite is one of simplicity and class.
Merv Griffin
The man behind "Jeopardy!" and "Wheel of Fortune," media mogul and television host, Mervyn Edward Griffin Jr., lived quite a life. Before becoming the owner of two major television production companies, Griffin hosted "The Merv Griffin Show."
The television host often joked that he wanted "I will not be right back after this message" written on his gravestone, and that's exactly what he got. Though he passed in 2007, anyone can see Griffin on reruns of his beloved talk show.
Bette Davis
Bette Davis was a trailblazing actress known for her range of characters across a variety of genres. She is considered one of the most important leading ladies Hollywood has ever seen and holds several firsts in the entertainment industry.
She was the first person to earn ten Academy Award nominations and became the first female chairman of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, among many other things. Davis is living proof that hard work pays off.
Andy Warhol
One of the most influential artists of the 20th century, Andy Warhol was a prominent figure in the New York art scene from the late 1950s until his passing in 1987. Warhol was known for hosting various personalities in his art house, from struggling artists to major Hollywood celebrities.
He would often declare them famous, increasing the use of the expression "15 minutes of fame." When he passed, he was buried next to his parents in Pennsylvania. Unlike the artist and his work, the grave is simple but decorated with many of Warhol's famous pop-art items.
Alexander Hamilton
You know him from the smash stage musical, but have you ever visited his grave? It sits in the Trinity Churchyard of Lower Manhattan, New York City – the only active cemetery in Manhattan, which is also the final resting place of numerous other statesmen and veterans. America's first treasury secretary died in a pistol duel with then-Vice President Aaron Burr.
Hamilton is also enshrined on the front of the ten-dollar bill, which is one of the rare bills when you think about it. If he's the one who came up with the monetary system we use now, you think he'd either be on a more common bill like the one or a bigger bill like the hundred.
Sylvia Plath
Gravestones, even those for celebrities, don't garner much controversy. Poet and author Sylvia Plath was a lightning rod for the stuff even after her passing. Buried in St. Thomas Churchyard in Heptonstall, England, the gravestone included Plath's married surname, “Hughes,” at the request of her husband and fellow poet, Ted Hughes.
Some blamed Hughes for the tragedy, and the word was repeatedly chiseled off by visitors and mourners. Eventually, the managers had to cast the name in bronze to deter vandalism. If you're in the area and want to respect this poet, just bring flowers and leave the stonework to the experts.
James Joyce
The Irish literature writer was surprisingly buried in Zurich. James Joyce left Ireland in 1902 because of political turmoil and, in 1941, died after enduring ulcer surgery in Switzerland. He was quickly buried in the Fluntern Cemetery.
Joyce's wife, Nora, tried to move her husband's body to Ireland after being buried, but the Irish government denied her request. Joyce's remains reside in a grave beside his wife and son, watched over by a small statue of the poet.
Louis Armstrong
Louis Armstong, nicknamed "Satch," "Satchmo," and "Pops," was one of the most influential figures in jazz. His career spanned from the 1920s to the late 1960s, during which Armstrong was considered a "crossover" entertainer, meaning his music united all people in a racially divided United States.
Though his gravestone is simple, engraved with one of these nicknames, his funeral was anything, but more than 25,000 people attended.
Jack Lemmon
Jack Lemmon left this world with a long list of accolades. Remembered for his roles in "Some Like it Hot," "The Odd Couple," and "The Apartment," the actor had iconic wit and the most on-point comedic timing. Before arriving in Hollywood, the actor had an exceptional life; he had a Harvard degree and served as an officer in the U.S. Navy.
Being the man that he was, Lemmon wanted to make one last mark before moving on. The comedic actor had his tribute inscribed, “Jack Lemmon in,” and then nothing but the ground. Lemmon always knew how to get the last laugh.
Doc Holliday
Doc Holliday was born to a wealthy family in Griffin, Georgia, in 1851. John Henry Holliday initially pursued dentistry, which is what earned him the nickname "Doc." He left Georgia for the west after being diagnosed with tuberculosis, he thought that the warm climate would help him ease his symptoms, and instead, he found something much bigger.
He became a gambler, which in those times was a respectable profession. Sadly, Doc lost his fight with tuberculosis at age 36. Nobody knows exactly where he was buried, but his body is believed to be found somewhere in the Linwood cemetery.
John Lennon
Back in the day, there was a band called “The Beatles,” and one of the members was a guy named John Lennon. We kid: He was one of the most important songwriters and musicians of all time thanks to his part in the band, and after he was murdered in 1980, his ashes were scattered across an area of Central Park now known as Strawberry Fields, after one of his songs.
Buskers play Beatles songs (no matter how much people ask them to stop), and people leave flowers at a memorial both here and where Lennon lived, the Dakota apartments.
Marilyn Monroe
Marilyn Monroe is perhaps one of the most famous names to come out of Hollywood. The actress was an idol of the 1950s and 60s. Despite her mental health struggles, the actress was so frustrated at being underpaid by film studio executives that she built her own studio in 1954, helping her take control of her career.
This was when Monroe starred in some of Hollywood's most acclaimed and memorable films, like "Some Like It Hot" and "The Misfits." The iconic blonde's gravestone has been kissed by countless fans and is now adorned in lipstick of eternal admiration.
Jackie Gleason
Jackie Gleason's brash visual and verbal comedy and on-stage presence on Broadway helped him catch his big break for the TV show "The Life of Riley" in 1949. He was a fan favorite, and he quickly caught the attention of major studios as well. After three years on "Life of Riley," Gleason was given the show for which he is most remembered, "The Jackie Gleason Show."
One of his most popular musical numbers on Broadway was "And Away We Go," which became a trademark of his. "And away we go" became so linked to the comedian that it was inscribed on the stairs leading up to his gravestone.
Ernest Hemingway
Just as famous for his love of the outdoors as he is for his sparse prose style, Hemingway was a legendary figure in the literary world as soon as he began. Just like the man's writing, it says only what it needs to and then moves on, bearing his full name and the span of his life.
It's proper that this consummate outdoorsman is buried in Idaho's Rocky Mountains alongside his wife, son, and granddaughter. There are no other decorations required for this simple man, and the stone is often covered by brush. People will sometimes bring bottles of alcohol, Hemingway's true love, as gifts.
Edgar Allen Poe
Edgar Allen Poe’s death was as complex as his life. He was originally buried in an unmarked grave in Baltimore in 1849. Fearing the community would forget where he was buried, a gravestone was ordered before it could reach the cemetery; however, it was destroyed in a freak train wreck.
So contributions were made, and a beautiful monument was designed for the late poet. The monument was a disaster; it mislabeled Poe’s birthday and was too big for the spot it was meant to be in. Finally, in 1875 the people gave up putting a gravestone and just moved the body to a different cemetery with a separate tombstone already waiting. Reportedly, the gravestone with the raven on it was placed to commemorate his original resting place…but is placed in an incorrect spot.
Jim Morrison
Jim Morrison was known for his wild and out-of-this-world performances. His fans fell in love with his unpredictable personality so much that the rock star became the human embodiment of the counterculture movement of the time. Unfortunately, Morrison passed away in Paris at age 27.
The cause of his death remains a mystery, and fans are left to contemplate the reason for his too-soon departure. Morrison was buried in Paris, and his gravestone has become one of the city's most popular tourist attractions. Fans leave everything from flowers to cigarettes, commemorating their beloved idol.
Mark Twain
Few men did more to create adventure, literature, and joy in the eighteen hundreds than Mark Twain. Laid to rest among U.S. veterans and congressmen in Woodlawn Cemetery – which got its start as a Confederate prison camp – Twain's headstone and the adjacent monument honor this witty and exciting writer and humorist.
Reading “The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn” to your children is still a way to give them good lessons about respect, help them learn about adventure, and get them laughing. His headstone even features his birth name, Samuel Langhorne Clemens. Visitors often leave pennies on the headstone and cigars – something Twain was known to enjoy during life.
Al Capone
The American mobster, criminal, and businessman, Al Capone, served time in prison for his crimes and was released in 1940 in poor health. He went through treatment at Union Memorial Hospital in Baltimore after other hospitals refused to accept him because of his reputation. His health continued to decline, and after examination, doctors determined that Capone had the mentality of a 12-year-old.
Capone contracted pneumonia and died from cardiac arrest shortly after. He was originally buried in Chicago but was eventually moved to Mount Carmel Cemetery, located in Hillside, Illinois, along with his father and his brother.
Benjamin Franklin
Founding Father. Pioneering inventor. Politician. Writer, statesman, diplomat, and more. Benjamin Franklin did it all. If you need a hero to look up to help you get your life on track, start reading about how this austere dude lived his life, and you'll have a chance. Franklin is buried at Christ Church Burial Ground in Pennsylvania under a piece of marble with a humble inscription.
One of Franklin's memorable statements was, “A penny saved is a penny earned,” and visitors will often spend a penny to honor this great man. Management has asked visitors to stop the tradition, as it can damage the stone.
Peter Falk
Peter Falk had so much experience in the entertainment industry that he was a gift that kept on giving. Director Steven Spielberg once said of the actor, "I learned more about acting from him at that early stage of my career than I had from anyone else.”
Falk was a successful actor, but he was also fortunate in love. In 1977, he married actress Shera Danese. After he passed, Falk left his wife a $5 million estate and, more importantly, this touching tribute on his stone.
Sacagawea
Many details about Sacagawea are uncertain, from her death date and year to where she's actually buried, but it's well-known that she helped lead Lewis and Clark across the untamed western wilderness in order to reach the Pacific Ocean. There is a marker in the Sacajawea Cemetery in Fort Washakie, in Wyoming's Wind River reservation, which bears her name and the details of her life.
Whether or not she's actually buried there, the headstone is there alongside those of her family, and if you're a fan of western history or want to honor someone who helped forge this nation into what it is today, it's worth a visit.
William Shakespeare
William Shakespeare's last wish was that nobody would move his bones since grave robbing was a common crime of the era. After the world-famous playwright died, his tombstone issued a warning. In a nutshell, anybody who touches Shakespeare's bones will be cursed.
Even when his grave underwent repairs in 2008, workers made sure not to move anything, ensuring they didn't disturb one of history's most important authors.
John Wayne
After he died in 1979, the grave of American film icon John Wayne sat untouched for nearly 20 years. According to his son, the actor initially requested that his gravestone read "Feo, Fuerte y Formal," which translates to "Ugly, Strong and Dignified."
Despite the late actor's request, his legacy later engraved the stone with a memorable quote Wayne gave in a 1971 interview. "Tomorrow is the most important thing in life. Comes into us at midnight very clean. It’s perfect when it arrives, and it puts itself in our hands. It hopes we’ve learned something from yesterday."
Jayne Mansfield
Jayne Mansfield is remembered as one of Golden Age Hollywood's most iconic beauties. The actress was famous for films like "The Girl Can’t Help It" and "Too Hot To Handle." She is also remembered for her publicity stunts and turbulent personal life. Sadly, at the young age of 34, Mansfield lost her life in a car accident. Though she was buried in Pennsylvania, her fans in California had a different idea.
They placed a cenotaph in Hollywood Forever Ceremony, deliberately inscribing her birth year incorrectly. They listed it as 1938 rather than 1933, a tribute to the actress known for lying about her age.
Johnny Cash
Johnny Cash had a tough life until he found love and serenity through his wife and fellow country star, June Carter. Cash's bluesy genre of music inspired many throughout the world, and though he's been gone for nearly 20 years, his name is one that is still cherished today.
Cash passed away at age 71 in 2003; his death transpired just four months after Carter's death, which led fans to believe that his death was partly due to a broken heart. The country couple was buried next to each other in Hendersonville, Tennessee.
Elvis Presley
When you're the one and only Elvis Presley, you are praised with two gravesites after your death. The King of Rock and Roll died of a prescription drug overdose in 1977 and was initially buried in Forest Hills Cemetery in Memphis, Tennessee.
Due to vandalism, Elvis and his mother were moved to their current memorial in Graceland. To visit the legend's grave, you must purchase tickets to tour Graceland itself. Fans from across the globe make their way to Graceland to pay tribute to Presley to this day.
Jane Austen
Seeing as how Austen is the author of enduring pieces of work like “Pride and Prejudice,” many visitors who travel to see her gravestone in Winchester Cathedral, Hampshire, England, are surprised to find that it bears no mention of her writing. Her identity as the writer of her works was kept a secret, and the books were published, having been written by “A Lady."
More than fifty years after her death, in 1870, her nephew paid for a bronze plaque to be placed in the cathedral to acknowledge her body of work. Further investigation made it clear that, yes, Austen was the author.
Charlie Chaplin
Charlie Chaplin took the industry by storm in the silent film era, enduring a career that lasted decades. By the 1970s, Chaplin's health was declining, having suffered several strokes during those years. Towards the end of his life, he got to a point where the entertainer needed someone to care for him 24/7, and on Christmas morning, 1977, he passed away after suffering a final stroke in his sleep.
His last resting place is in Corsier-sur-Vevey, located in Switzerland. A few months after his burial, he was dug up and stolen by a pair of criminals. He was eventually recovered and reburied in the same cemetery, only this time he was surrounded by reinforced concrete.
Dean Martin
Dean Martin was a small-town boy who made it to the top of the Hollywood heap and passed at age 78 in his Beverly Hills home overlooking Los Angeles. In 1964, Martin released his classic, "Everybody Loves Somebody."
Acknowledging the fact that Martin had started fading at that point, industry insiders believed that he would never be able to compete against modern musicians. Still, the song reached number one on Billboard. It even knocked The Beatles' "A Hard Day's Night" down to number two. This triumphant moment will forever be remembered as it is engraved on his gravestone.
Laurel & Hardy
Stan Laurel and Oliver Hardy, the comedic duo better known simply as Laurel and Hardy, were the talk of the town during the Classical Hollywood Era of the late 1920s to the early 1940s. Before they started working together, they were already well-known comedians.
Together they starred in more than 107 films and continue to be an inspiration to countless following comedians. They may now have been buried together, but their fans made sure to unite them with what was written on their tombstones.
Harry Houdini
Perhaps the most famous magician of all time, Harry Houdini, and his amazing illusions and tricks changed magic as we know it today. He performed for audiences all around the world during the late 1800s and early 1900s. At age 52, his life came to an end from inflammation of the abdominal wall and ruptured appendix, known as peritonitis.
He was buried at the Machpelah Cemetery in Glendale, Queens, New York. What makes Houdini's resting place so unique is that it was engraved by members of the Society of American Magicians.
Frederic Chopin
In Paris, there is a famous graveyard that features many stones and markings of both the famous and the common, but all of them are beautiful, thanks to Père Lachaise. One of the most famous names that are part of this yard is none other than Frederic Chopin, the legendary Polish musician and composer.
His gravestone is watched over by a weeping, mossy stone sculpture of Euterpe, the Greek muse of music, holding a broken instrument. The stone also features a profile of Chopin and is often bedecked with flowers from fans even to this day. There's nothing like some sad Chopin for visiting a graveyard.
Frank Sinatra
If there was one thing Frank Sinatra did through and through, it was making sure he did things his way. Selling more than 150 million records worldwide, Sinatra is one of the best-selling music artists of all time. He was a true triple threat; he could sing, dance, and act, and to top it all off, he was pretty darn handsome.
In 1998, the artist passed away at age 82 and was buried in a cemetery near Palm Springs. It is said that the late singer was buried with a pack of Camel cigarettes and a bottle of Jack Daniels. He was right, "The Best Is Yet To Come."
Anna Nicole Smith
Anna Nicole Smith never did anything small. Larger than life in many ways, this model and reality TV star was in the tabloids constantly up until the day of her death and beyond, following her shocking death (most likely) due to prescription drugs just five months after the birth of her daughter Dannielynn.
She rests in Lakeview Memorial Gardens in Nassau, Bahamas. For the sunny and energetic celeb who always brought her vivid personality wherever she went, wanted or not, being buried in a perpetually sunny place like the Bahamas is a good fit. Visitors cover the grave in flowers when they stop by.
Martin Luther King Jr.
Few civil rights leaders are more treasured and beloved than Martin Luther King Jr. He made numerous memorable speeches, including the one that included “Free at last, free at last. Thank God Almighty I am free at last.” His grave is in National Historical Park in Atlanta, Georgia, with his wife and fellow activist, Coretta Scott King.
The shared headstone has a Bible verse about the greatness of love, but it also includes that famous King quote you just read. The importance of King can't be overstated – how many other people on this list have their own holiday?
John Keats
Despite being one of Britain's most famous and treasured poets, this writer not only doesn't have a grave in the United Kingdom, but the stone also doesn't even bear his name. Keats relocated to Rome, hoping that the milder climate would improve his failing health. It didn't, and he passed at the young age of twenty-five, also believing the critics that his work wasn't worth the time he had given it.
For this reason, he insisted that his tombstone does not have his name on it and instead read: “Here lies One Whose Name was writ in Water” – a phrase that here means “nothing” or “won't come true.”
Charles Darwin
Situated near fellow scientist Sir Isaac Newton in Westminster Abbey is the famous English naturalist, scientist, and philosopher Charles Darwin. His most famous contribution to the scientific community is his book “On the Origin of Species,” which transformed the thought of how species developed and led directly to the theory of evolution as the dominant theory on how life developed on our planet Earth.
The simple marble gravestone has the scientist's name, his birth date, and his death date. The scientific community owes much to him, and a classy marble stone that tells us where his final resting place is the perfect way to remember him.
Robert Frost
As poets do, Robert Frost left behind a piece of his soul when he died in 1963. His award-winning poetic works carry his name to this day; the most notable of his collections include "North of Boston" and "A Boy's Will."
The famous line "I had a lover's quarrel with the world" appears in his poem, "A Lesson For Today," which he wrote in 1941. The poem's final words were requested by Frost to be engraved onto his tombstone.
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https://patch.com/california/hollywood/bob-marleys-hollywood-walk-fame-star-vandalized
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Bob Marley's Hollywood Walk Of Fame Star Vandalized
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2017-10-24T20:41:29+00:00
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Bob Marley's Hollywood Walk Of Fame Star Vandalized - Hollywood, CA - It will cost nearly $3,000 to repair the star, considered a State Historic Landmark.
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https://cdn.patchcdn.com/assets/layout/icons/logo/favicon.ico
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Hollywood, CA Patch
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https://patch.com/california/hollywood/bob-marleys-hollywood-walk-fame-star-vandalized
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HOLLYWOOD, CA – Bob Marley's star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame has been vandalized, and it will cost $3,000 to repair it. The vandalism was discovered Monday, according to Ana Martinez of the Hollywood Chamber of Commerce.
The star appears to have been pounded on by something heavy like a sledgehammer, totally destroying it, Martinez said.
"This is considered vandalism to a State Historic Landmark," she said. "It will be repaired by the Hollywood Historic Trust and will cost nearly $3,000 to repair it."
Martinez tweeted a photo of the damaged star, along with the message: "Why would anyone do this to Bob Marley's star? Help me understand. The Walk of Fame is a State registered Historic landmark! Disrespectful."
The reggae artist died in 1981. He was posthumously awarded the star, located at 7080 Hollywood Blvd., in 2001.
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https://medium.com/%40ericbrightwell/no-enclave-exploring-jamaican-los-angeles-4b0aef9709c3
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No Enclave — Exploring Jamaican Los Angeles
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2024-02-03T02:14:30.362000+00:00
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The other day, Evan Lovett of L.A. In a Minute asked me if I knew any history or tidbits about the Jamaican community in Los Angeles. If you somehow aren’t aware of L.A. in a Minute, take a check it…
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en
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Medium
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https://medium.com/@ericbrightwell/no-enclave-exploring-jamaican-los-angeles-4b0aef9709c3
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INTRODUCTION
The other day, Evan Lovett of L.A. In a Minute asked me if I knew any history or tidbits about the Jamaican community in Los Angeles. If you somehow aren’t aware of L.A. in a Minute, take a check it out now. Anyway, as far as Jamaican Los Angeles went, I had little information. He said that there was little information available that he could find. I couldn’t find any books about the subject. That was all I needed to become interested in delving into the subject. What follows is what I learned. As always, please share your corrections, anecdotes, and additions in the comments and — where appropriate — I will incorporated them into this edition of No Enclave and/or add them to this amp of Jamaican Los Angeles. Thanks in advance.
JAMAICA
Jamaica (Jamaican Patois: Jumieka) is and island country in the Caribbean Sea. There are thirteen independent nations and eighteen dependencies of France, the Netherlands, UK, and US in the West Indies subregion of North America. At 10,990 square kilometers, Jamaica is the third largest Caribbean island (after Cuba and Hispaniola), and the fourth largest country (after Cuba, the Dominican Republic, and Haiti). It is the fifth most populous county/dependency (after Puerto Rico) in the Caribbean and the third-most populated county in Anglo-America. All of that said, it’s still smaller in size and less populous than Los Angeles County.
JAMAICANS
Prior to the European conquest of the West Indies, most of the islands there were part of the Taíno homeland. The Taínocalled the island, Xaymaca, meaning “land of wood and water.” The Taíno’s creation story tells of them emerging from a cave in modern day Hispaniola. Most anthropologists believe that their ancestors came from South America and settled the islands from the south. There were humans living in the West Indies at least 6,000 years ago. The Spanish arrived in 1494 and named what’s now Jamaica, Santiago. The Spanish relied on the labor of enslaved West African peoples including the Akan, Ashanti, Ibibio, Igbo, and Yoruba. The average enslaved African lived just seven years in Jamaica before dying.
England conquered Santiago in 1655. Enslavement was intensified during their rule until 1807, when it was abolished. By then, roughly two million slaves had been abducted to Jamaica. Emancipation from slavery was granted in 1838. The sugar plantations pivoted to indentured servants, in many cases Jewish, followed in 1845 by the first Indians, followed in 1854 by the first Chinese. In the early 20th century, substantial numbers of Lebanese and Palestinians migrated to Jamaica.
Jamaica achieved independence from the UK on 6 August 1962.
JAMAICAN AMERICANS
According to the United States Census Bureau, there were 1,234,336 Jamaican Americans in 2022. The largest communities of Jamaican Americans are in the South Florida and the New York City metropolitan area.
According to the CIA World Factbook, in 2011, the demographics of Jamaica were 92.1% Afro-Jamaican, 6.1% mixed, .8% Indian, .7% unspecified, and .4% other. According to the same source, some 25% of Afro-Jamaicans are mixed Irish Jamaican. Most Jamaican Americans, naturally, are of African descent but there are also notably Jamaican Americans of at least partial Indian, Chinese, European, and Levantine descent.
Historically, significant numbers of Jamaican temporary workers were employed at US military, the Panama Canal Zone, and as “swallow migrants” in the South. The Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 (enacted on 30 June 1968) opened the door more widely to immigrants from areas outside of Northern Europe, including Jamaicans, many of whom permanently settled in nearby South Florida and more distant, but economically alluring, New York City.
JAMAICAN ANGELENOS
Although California, in 2020, had the sixth largest population of Jamaican Americans (after New York, Florida, New Jersey, Georgia, and Connecticut), it is due more to California’s vast size and population than the existence of any large Jamaican American communities anywhere in the state. The largest Jamaican California community, predictably, is in Los Angeles County — because it is the most populous county in the US. It was ranked by the Census as the county with the 22nd largest county in terms of its Jamaican population which was estimated to have been roughly 5,900 — a not insubstantial number and yet, only about .17% of Los Angeles’s population.
JAMAICAN ANGELENO MUSIC AND MUSICIANS
Jamaica’s best-known cultural import, in my estimation, has to be reggae, right? Reggae, for anyone somehow unfamiliar, is a popular music that arose in Jamaica in the late 1960s. When I was in high school in Tampa, WMNF seemed to mostly play reggae with a bit of soca tossed in. Back then — this was the early 1990s — that meant lots of Mad Cobra, Ninjaman, Shabba Ranks, and Super Cat. Dancehall, in other words.
It wasn’t until college in Iowa, though, that I realized how huge Bob Marley was for college students there. I knew and liked “Could You Be Loved,” which was then a staple of VH1, but I was shocked at the proliferation of Bob Marley posters hung on the walls of dorm rooms and frat houses. I delivered pizza in college — so I saw a lot of dorm and frat house interiors. It was almost as if a CD copy of Legend was included in some sort of dorm room bundle along with devil sticks, a hacky sack, and an eighth. It didn’t take long to realize, though, that for most college students, Legend contained all the reggae they needed to know. I didn’t exactly hear a lot of Augustus Pablo or Lee “Scratch” Perry echoing across the quad… nor, for that matter, any ragga.
It will surprise no one, then, that Los Angeles has always had a deeper appreciation for reggae than a Midwestern college campus. The first record store that specialized in Jamaican music in Los Angeles was likely Barton’s Records & Gift Shop, which opened in Baldwin Hills in 1972. By 1980, there was also I & I Records, in nearby Angeles Mesa, and Tuff Gong International had opened an outlet in Hyde Park. That year, the two records stores (along with Del Rose Act 1 Jamaican Restaurant and Stone Market — more on them later) came together to organize Reggae in Motion — a weekend of music that featured Delroy Wilson and Uprising on Friday — and Jimmy Riley and Uprising on Sunday. In 1982, Barton’s Records presented Caribbean Harbour Cruise, a reggae cruise that featured Endless Vibration Disco and Whirlwind Hi Fi. These were likely some of the first big Los Angeles events celebrating Jamaican culture.
Around the same time; Chuck Foster, Hank Holmes, and Roger Steffens launched a reggae show on KCRW called “Reggae Beat.” Their Minister of Information, CC Smith, later presented her own show, “African Beat,” and served as the editor-in-chief of the magazine, Reggae and African Beat, which later became simply The Beat. The first issue of The Beat apparently featured local band, the Skanksters, perfuming at the campus of the University of California, Los Angeles. Over time, The Beat grew into an internationally distributed and respected magazine and one that remained in publication until 2010.
Of course, reggae isn’t Jamaica’s only musical export. Jamaica has produced its own folk, jazz, and pop traditions — as well as the reggae-related offshoots or predecessors like dancehall, dub, mento, ragga, rocksteady, and ska. Los Angeles has a long history of importing culture through an Anglophilc lens and Jamaican music first came to many non-Jamaican Angelenos via the the UK’s mod revival/ska revival scene. English bands like Bad Manners, The Beat, Madness, The Selecter, and The Specials had many more fans in Los Angeles than earlier Jamaican ska acts like Clement “Coxsone” Dodd, Duke Reid, or Stranger Cole had.
In 1980, an immigrant from London named Howard Paar founded “the original ska/reggae club in L.A.,” the O.N. Klub at 3037 West Sunset Boulevard in Silver Lake. The soundtrack at “the On” wasn’t strictly Jamaican and also featured mod and soul tunes. It inspired and featured local ska-inflected bands like the Boxboys, Fishbone, and the Untouchables. The On moved to the Yucca Corridor in 1984 where it soldiered on until June 1985. In the 1990s, ripples from the Southern California’s ska revival made their way into the mainstream via Southern California bands like Hepcat, No Doubt, Save Ferris, and Sublime. None of them may’ve had ancestral roots in Jamaica — but their music certainly did.
On the radio, Chuck Foster has spun reggae onKPFK‘s Reggae Central onSundays from 2:00–5:00 pm since 1997. KLXU’s Reggae Show, hosted by Junior Francis, airs on Saturdays from 8:00–11:00 pm, and has aired since 1999. Junior Francis also hosts Reggae Connection on KSPC every Monday at 6:00 pm.
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Today, there are still weekly reggae club nights and festivals across the Los Angeles. Tom Chasteen’s Dub Club (at the Echoplex) started in 2000. Ben White, David “Boss Harmz” Orlando, Jason Mason, and Michale Stock’s Punky ReggaeParty (at La Cita) launched in 2006. Quie Anthony “Q Bwoy” Davis’s Poom Poom Tuesdays (at El Cid) began in 2009. There’s alsoReggae Revival Thursdays (at Los Potros), Vibes (at Secret Island Tiki Lounge), Irie Tuesdays (at Carbon Lounge), Overproof Fridays (at Senator Jones), and, frankly, too many to name. Suffice to say, there’s probably at least one reggae night somewhere in Los Angeles almost every night and certainly every weekend.
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Occasional reggae festivals include Cali Vibes, Reggae Fest LA, KCRW’s Reggae Night, Jamaican JerkFest, and Jamaican Gold.
With all of the love for reggae in Los Angeles, it will perhaps come as something of a surprise, then, that most Jamaican Angeleno music makers work in genres other than reggae. Rapper Bushwick Bill was born in Kingston and was a member of Houston’s Geto Boys. I used to see him so often in Hollywood that I have to assume that he lived here at least part of the time until his death in 2019. Lo-fi house producer Delroy Edwards has a Jamaican mother. Rapper Heavy D was born in Mandeville and died outside of his Beverly Hills home in 2011. Rapper JPEGMafia’s parents are from Jamaica. Kingston-born Kat C.H.R. makes experimental music. Producer Mustard, whose father is Jamaican, works mostly in hip-hop. DJ Ned Learner, of KXLU’s Ned’s Mystery Machine, mostly spins funk, instrumental, jazz, psychedelia, and soul. Tevin Campbell was a hit New Jack Swing singer in the 1990s. Half Jamaican/half-Vietnamese Tyga is a rapper. Black Eyed Peas frontman, will.i.am, has a Jamaican father, and is known for his pop rap.
JAMAICAN CUISINE & JAMAICAN ANGELENO RESTAURANTS
After reggae, Jamaica’s second most visible cultural expression in Los Angeles is probably food. Jamaican Cuisine, like nearly all cuisines, draws from a mixture of indigenous and immigrant cooking traditions and ingredients. Jamaican cuisines influences can be traced to Angola, China, Cornwall, Ireland, England, France, India, Lebanon, Portugal, Spain, West Africa, and elsewhere. Callalloo and cassava are popular indigenous ingredients. Popular ingredients like bok choy, breadfruit, chayote (known locally as chocho), coconuts, okra, pigeon peas (gungo peas), plantains, sweet potatoes (boniatos), taro (dasheen) were all introduced to and embraced by Jamaican cooks ages ago. Popular Jamaican dishes include ackee and saltfish, curry goat, fried dumplings, Jamaican patties, jerk chicken, jerk pork, rice and peas, and stew pork. Numerous breads, cakes, and soups popular throughout the Caribbean are also popular.
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Most Jamaican food is decidedly animal-based with chicken, cow, fish, goat, and pig flesh dominating many dishes. There is a long tradition, though, of vegetarianism, too. The Ital (or “I-tal”) diet is followed by many Rasatari, many of whom believe that the consumption of dead animal flesh is in contradiction with “Livity” — although same apparently make an exception for fish. Some Rastafari also avoid artificial additives and salt. One of the first local Jamaican restaurants with an ital section on its menu was Natraliart Jamaican Restaurant & Market, founded by Charles “Jucy” Forrester at least as long ago as 1987. Los Angeles, it should also be noted, used to host the Los Angeles Reggae Vegan Fest.
Despite its relatively small size, the local Jamaican community has produced and supported a fair number of Jamaican cooks, markets, restaurants, and more general Caribbean restaurants serving Jamaican fare and ingredients. The first Jamaican market was almost surely Stone Caribbean Market, which opened around 1971, and closed sometime after 2013, when I passed it on my exploration of Metro’s then-yet-to-be-built K Line.
The first Jamaican restaurant in Los Angeles was probably Del Rose Act 1 (or simply “Act I”), in Culver City, which was in operation in the from at least as early as 1978 until about 1992. It hosted a dance night, Yard Style, featuring DJs Jah Ron-I and Rankin’ Kow, and was involved in many of the city’s Jamaican festivals and music events. Jamaican cuisine and music seem to have flowered in Los Angeles in the 1980s. A Little Jamaica never coalesced, although there are clusters of Jamaican businesses sprang up around Culver City, Inglewood, and Leimert Park — not coincidentally the same area, generally speaking, that supports many of the city’s Belizean and African businesses.
One of the most celebrated Jamaican restaurants was Coley’s Kitchen, which was founded by Don and Veda Coley on Crenshaw Bouelvard in 1982, two years after Don moved relocated from Jamaica to Southern California. Around 1990, the Coley’s sold the restaurant and opened Coley’s Place in Ladera Heights. Meanwhile, a second location of Coley’s Kitchen opened in Beverly Hills. Coley’s Place closed around 1996. The original Coley’s Kitchen closed around 1999. Coley’s, however, lives on The Original Coley’s in Sherman Oaks, owned by the couple’s son-in-law and daughter, Candice Coley-Thompson.
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One Jamaican restaurant, Joe’s Universal Quality, was the site of a deadly shooting in 1990. According to witnesses, two or three gunmen barged into Joe’s and fired more than twenty rounds. When the smoke cleared, Newton Wayde Dacosta was dead and four others were wounded. An LAPD officer said that the shooting “could be linked to a territorial war among Jamaican drug gangs.” His opinion was questioned, however, and one of the investigators said that there was zero evidence that Jamaican posses were involved.
The same could not be said for the deadly massacre at Dilly’s Kitchen. On 15 October 2015, Jamaican gangster Marion Jones and accomplices shot and killed four people and wounded eleven at a Jamaican home kitchen Amongst the dead was Jamaican gangster, Robert ‘Rodigan’ Davis. Jones was captured in 2016, charged with four counts of murder, and pled not guilty.
I mention both of these stories with hesitation. Both are dramatic, tragic, and I think, newsworthy — and worth noting occurred 25 years apart. I certainly don’t want to create the impression that there’s any special danger in visiting Jamaican restaurants, though. According to the FBI’s most recent rankings, Los Angeles only ranks 32nd in violent crime — and despite the LAPD’s massive effort to portray the city as a lawless hellscape — violent crime decreased more than 3% in 2023. In fact, you’re more likely to be killed by a car in Los Angeles then you are by a gun. If you can walk, bus, bike, scoot, or take a train — you’re helping make our streets even safer and our environment cleaner.
On 17 February, the city of Burbank will host the Food of Jamaica Festival.
JAMAICAN ANGELENO FILM AND THEATER
Jamaica’s film industry has always been rather small — especially in comparison to Hollywood. In the Classic Hollywood Era, Jamaica was a popular setting for swashbuckler and other adventure films including Captain Blood (1932), The Black Swan (1942), City Beneath the Sea (1953), Jamaica Run (1953), Port Sinister (1953), Manfish (1956). The swashbuckling genre was always, surely, one of the most resistant to revival but that didn’t stop occasional Jamaica-set attempts including The Son of Captain Blood (1962), Swashbuckler (1976), andThe Treasure Seekers (1979). After Cutthroat Island (1995) became one of the biggest box office bombs in Hollywood history, it seemed unlikely that Hollywood would soon return to Jamaica for a pirate-themed film. And yet they did, with Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl (2003). Not only was it the fourth in an uninspired series of Disney films based on a ride (following Tower of Terror, Mission to Mars, and The Country Bears), it was such a huge financial success that it inspired Disney to make films based on pretty much all of its rides and more sequels than I care to count.
The best known Jamaican film, at least in the US, was The Harder they Come, completed in 1972 and starring Peter Tosh. It was released in Los Angeles in 1973 and is largely credited with introducing reggae to a global audience — along with the release — also in 1973 — of Bob Marley and the Wailer’s first two albums for Island, Catch a Fire and Burnin’. In the decades since, Jamaican films that have found a receptive audience in Los Angeles tend to be similarly connected to both music and criminality. When I oversaw the movie section at Amoeba, Rockers (1978), Dancehall Queen (1997), Third World Cop (1999), and Shottas (2002) were all “evergreen” titles. If you want to see a newer Jamaican film on the big screen, there are occasional entries at the annual Pan African Film & Arts Festival (PAFF).
In the 1980s, Jamaica seems to have functioned as an appealingly and suitably exotic escape from the rat race in the collective American consciousness — or, as it was put in the song “Kokomo,” one of the litany of places where Mike Love could “get there fast” and then “take it slow.” “Kokomo” was featured in the 1988 film, Cocktail, about a cocky young man eager to work in the flashy business world of New York City but who ends up at a beachside bar in Jamaica. The “trouble in paradise” trope nearly always rears its head, though. See also Clara’s Heart (1988), or the Miami Vice episode, “Cool Runnin’.” I haven’t seen How Stella Got Her Groove Back (1998), which was largely set in and filmed in Jamaica, but I did see Terry McMillan and Jonathan Plummer on Oprah and even if the movie ends on a happy note, their relationship did not.
It’s probably safe to assume that a fair number of Jamaicans come to Los Angeles to pursue dreams of film stardom. Actors, filmmakers, and playwrights of at least partial Jamaican ancestry who call Los Angeles home — or at one time did — include Alano Herberto Miller, Basil Wallace, Carl Lumbly, Corbin Bleu Reivers, Danielle Sappleton, Frank Silvera, Jada Pinkett, Janeshia Adams-Ginyard, Jo Rochelle, King Bach, Madge Sinclair, Marsha Thomason, Nattalie Gordon, Olivia Olson, Shari Belafonte, Sherando Ferril Cupid, Ulato Sam, and Wentworth Miller. Shari Belafonte, of course, is the daughter of the great Harry Belafonte — who although he acted in Hollywood films may not have ever lived in Los Angeles long enough to consider himself an Angeleno. Silvera notably co-founded (with Vantile “Motojicho” Whitfield) the Theatre of Being for black actors in 1963 as well as the The Frank Silvera Writers’ Workshop (Garland Lee Thompson in collaboration Morgan Freeman, Billie Allen, and Clayton Riley) in 1973.
JAMAICAN ANGELENO ATHLETES
“Cool Runnin’” was not only the title of a great episode of Miami Vice but the title of a film based on the Jamaican National Bobsleigh Team. Well, the movie was called Cool Runnings (1992) — but this was my attempt at a smooth transition into Jamaican Angeleno athletes.
The most popular sports in Jamaica include association football (soccer), cricket, basketball, netball, and tennis. Los Angeles is home to — or has been home to — numerous athletes of full or partial Jamaican ancestry including basketball players Andre Drummond, Ben Gordon, Kyle Anderson, Norman Powell, Roy Hibbert, Sek Henry, and Tristan Thompson;association footballers Allyson Swaby, Ndamukong Suh and Robin Fraser; baseball players Chili Davis, Devon White, and Justin Masterson; American football players Patrick Chung and Tony Gonzalez; cricketeer Elmore Hutchison; jockey Rajiv Maragh; and star of track and field, Sandra Farmer-Patrick.
OTHER NOTABLE JAMAICAN ANGELENOS
Other notable Jamaican Angelenos include endocrinologist E. Dale Abel, history professor Robert A. Hill, dancer Gabriella Bridgmon, judgeLeondra Kruger, painter Maureen Tepedino, journalists Chelsea Hylton and Lester Holt, authorShanike Johnson, Good American co-founder Emma Grede, clothing designer Andre Emery, clothing designer Safiya Jihan Miller, PAPAIŸO’s Micha Alleyne, Jamaican Goddess Entertainment founder Savannah Landeros, Rifkuttinup founder Sharifa Edwards-Pennington, and fitness trainerSimone Mardner.
JAMAICAN FESTIVALS AND OBSERVANCES IN LOS ANGELES
Many of Jamaica’s most popular holidays are the same as those celebrated in the UK (and US) — albeit with less separation of church and state than is the norm in the latter. Public holidays include New Year’s Day, Ash Wednesday, Good Friday, Easter Monday, Labour Day, Christmas Day, and Boxing Day. Other public holidays are specific to Jamaica including Emancipation Day (1 August), Independence Day (6 August), and National Heroes Day (the third Monday of October). Most local Jamaican festivals celebrated publicly in Los Angeles are related to music and, especially, music — so consult those sections for more information.
Although not specifically Jamaican, there will be Jamaican culture and talent on offer at the free Caribbean Heritage Festival LA in September. It is asking for donations, though, to help make it happen.
JAMAICAN ASSOCIATIONS AND ORGANIZATIONS IN LOS ANGELES
Jamaican organizations active in Los Angeles include the Jamaica Awareness Association of California (JAAC), the Jamaican Cultural Alliance (JCA), Celebrate Jamaica Los Angeles (CJLA), and the Jamaican Consulate in Los Angeles.
FURTHER READING
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https://stylecaster.com/entertainment/music/1696076/how-bob-marley-die/
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How Did Bob Marley Die? Cause of Death, Cancer Diagnosis
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2024-02-19T22:57:11+00:00
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Here's how Bob Marley died and how his cancer diagnosis affected his performance lifestyle.
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en
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StyleCaster
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https://stylecaster.com/entertainment/music/1696076/how-bob-marley-die/
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A legend in music. He pioneered reggae and is cemented into music history as one of the best. How Bob Marley died is a tragic story, but one that was surrounded by family and community.
Bob Marley was born in Nine Mile, Jamaica, on February 6, 1945, and became friends with Bunny Wailer with whom he would eventually form Bob Marley and the Wailers. He married Rita Anderson and converted to Rastafari, where his songs “Redemption Song,” “Jah Live,” and “So Jah S’eh” were influenced by his own beliefs. Other popular songs of him include “Buffalo Soldier,” “No Woman, No Cry,” and “Three Little Birds.”
His life is now the subject of a new biopic titled Bob Marley: One Love. The movie stars Kingsley Ben-Adir as the musician while Bob Marley’s son Ziggy produced the film. While debuting the film details at CinemaCon in 2023, Ziggy revealed that the movie will be able to deepen their connection with the late icon and learn more about the adversity he faced in spreading his layered messages of rebellion, love and unity. Ziggy also gave “huge thanks” to the people of Jamaica “who were critical in ensuring the authenticity of this production.”
So how did Bob Marley die? Read more to find out.
How did Bob Marley die?
How did Bob Marley die? Bob Marley died from acral lentiginous melanoma, an aggressive type of cancer. Marley sought other forms of treatment that substituted western medicine. However, the cancer spread throughout his body to the point that a doctor told his manager Danny Sims that the musician had “more cancer in him than I’ve seen with a live human being.” Marley was on his way from Germany to Jamaica, but he deplaned in Florida and died at the University of Miami Hospital on May 11, 1981. Bob Marley’s last words to his son Ziggy were, “Money can’t buy life.”
Marley had a state funeral held in Jamaica ten days after he died. A public viewing preceded the funeral where an estimated 100,000 people attended to pay their respects. The casket contained his red Gibson Les Paul guitar, a Bible opened at Psalm 23, and a stalk of ganja placed there by his widow, Rita. Marley also wore dreads, but it was a wig since all his hair fell out during cancer treatment.
The “Redemption Song” musician was diagnosed with melanoma after finding a black spot under his toe. He and his doctor ignored the lesion on his toe since they thought it was a soccer injury. However, it began to spread and a biopsy revealed that it was actually an aggressive melanoma. He rejected doctor’s advice to amputate the toe due to his religious beliefs. But the nail and toe graft were removed instead.
Marley continued to tour—selling out shows in Milan, Italy, and Madison Square Garden in New York City. He collapsed while jogging in Central Park and found out that his cancer spread to other parts of his body. He canceled the rest of his tour and was transferred to the clinic of Josef Issels in Rottach-Egern, Bavaria, Germany, where he underwent an alternative cancer treatment called Issels treatment.
Ziggy Marley revealed his father’s true legacy to Grammy.com. “I think for me what I learned from my father most [from] being around him is a way of having principles and living up to your principles and standing up for your principles,” his son says. “His example is a good example for me. … Selflessness, charity, standing up for what you believe, and having principles. Spirituality too.”
Our mission at STYLECASTER is to bring style to the people, and we only feature products we think you’ll love as much as we do. Please note that if you purchase something by clicking on a link within this story, we may receive a small commission of the sale.
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https://wegotthiscovered.com/celebrities/how-and-when-did-bob-marley-die-bob-marleys-cause-of-death-explained/
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en
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How and when did Bob Marley die? Bob Marley’s cause of death, explained
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[
"Sandeep Sandhu"
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2023-12-05T19:27:32+00:00
|
The reggae icon was known for his Rastafarian beliefs as well as his memorable music, and left a massive hole after his untimely death
|
en
|
We Got This Covered
|
https://wegotthiscovered.com/celebrities/how-and-when-did-bob-marley-die-bob-marleys-cause-of-death-explained/
|
Nobody embodies Jamaica and Reggae music quite like Bob Marley.
Recommended Videos
The legendary musician produced 12 celebrated studio albums (including one posthumous one), the best known of which is probably the 1977 worldwide hit Exodus, which gave us hits like “Jamming” and “Three Little Birds.” His long and storied career also gave us two wonderful live albums. He will also soon be the subject of a biopic entitled Bob Marley: One Love.
Marley lived an intriguing life that was marked by incredible highs which eventually saw him become a global music icon, bringing fame to his native Jamaica, and turning Reggae into a worldwide sensation. Although he was most associated with that genre, his legacy extends to ska and other kinds of music, and he was also seen as a pioneer when it came to crossing genres.
Although he was famously known as a spiritual man who was outspoken in his support of human rights, because of where he was from and the culture of Jamaica at that time, his life was one that was also infused with violence. This culminated in an attempted assassination attempt on him. Although he suffered wounds in his back and shoulder, Marley still went out and performed to a crowd of 80,000 just after it happened, further cementing his legend.
He eventually moved to England, where he was welcomed by the burgeoning counter-cultural movement, before eventually earning a run of 56 weeks on the British album charts with Exodus. Aside from an arrest for marijuana possession, he had a much more peaceful life in the country. Yet, in 1981 he died from complications from a melanoma that had began under his toe, but spread to the rest of his body.
There have been many competing stories about Marley’s death, including that it was caused by an injury that he received in a soccer match. However, if you’re keen to know the real truth about this legend’s untimely demise and don’t want to wait for Kingsley Ben-Adir’s new film to find out what really happened, then read on to discover how and when Bob Marley died.
When did Bob Marley die?
Marley died on May 11 1981, at the age of 36. He had been sick for a while by that point, but had continued to perform up until September of the previous year. In fact, in 1980 he embarked on a highly successful European tour, despite knowing he was incredibly sick.
The last concert Marley ever performed was on Sep. 23 1980 in Pittsburgh, and took place just two days after he’d collapsed as a result of his illness while jogging in New York. He had been on a U.S tour, but it was cancelled after the Pennsylvania show. The Reggae star was flown to a specialist clinic in Germany run by a physician named Josef Issels. Issels was known for advocating for an alternative cancer treatment known as “Issels Treatment,” which posits that a weak immune system can strengthen cancer. The treatment was already rubbished by the scientific community by the time Marley attempted it, and Issels had even undergone a trial for manslaughter as a result of the ineffectiveness of the therapy.
After over half a year under Issels, Marley accepted that the treatment had failed. He intended to go home to Jamaica, and boarded a plane to do so, but during the journey his vital functions got even worse, leading to an emergency landing in Florida. There, he was rushed to what is now the University of Miami Hospital as his condition was critical and unstable. However, they couldn’t save him.
Marley’s poignant last words to his famous son Ziggy were: “On your way up, take me up. On your way down, don’t let me down,” though some have claimed they were “money can’t buy life.”
Bob Marley’s cause of death, explained
As mentioned above, Marley died because his cancer spread throughout his body, weakening it beyond repair. However, how it managed to get that far is quite the story, and his death may have in some way been hastened by his principles and his faith.
In the summer of 1977 the famous singer was diagnosed with a kind of malignant melanoma, which had appeared underneath his right toe. Some have misconstrued this, and claimed he suffered an injury during a soccer match which was left untreated and led to blood poisoning, but that is categorically untrue. The melanoma was a symptom of a cancer that had already begun to eat through his body.
After seeing a couple of doctors he eventually underwent a biopsy, which confirmed the specific type of melanoma: An acral lentiginous melanoma. This is a particularly sneaky version of the disease, as it tends to appear in places that many people might miss when scanning their skin, say, for example, under toenails. There were other issues with diagnosis too: it was a more common melanoma in those with darker skin, and even now medical science is geared towards white males. Some have even claimed the melanoma wasn’t even mentioned in popular medical textbooks of the time.
Marley’s physician suggested amputating the toe, but the singer refused. He claimed it was against his Rastafarian faith, although some have put forward that he was worried about his ability to perform on stage. Instead, the nail was removed and a graft was taken from his thigh to cover the area. Marley continued to gig at a furious rate, which certainly didn’t help matters. The cancer then spread throughout his body, eventually leading to it taking his life.
Where was Bob Marley’s funeral held?
Given that he was an icon of his home country, it was inevitable that Marley would be laid to rest in Jamaica as opposed to England, where he’d been residing, or the U.S, where he died. On May 21 1981 the singer was given a state funeral in his homeland.
Marley is buried in some chapel grounds near his birthplace. Placed alongside him in his casket was his famous red Les Paul guitar, a Bible, and a marijuana stalk.
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wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
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FactBench
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1
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|
https://www.dermorlando.com/blog/tragic-death-of-bob-marley-from-toe-nail-melanoma
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en
|
Tragic Death of Bob Marley from Toe-Nail Melanoma
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Six months after Bob Marley came within inches of losing his life to the politically-motivated gunmen, he was surprised by a doctor’s diagnosis of a rare form of melanoma skin cancer.
|
en
|
https://www.dermorlando.com/media/site/favicon.ico
|
https://www.dermorlando.com/blog/tragic-death-of-bob-marley-from-toe-nail-melanoma/
|
Released on Valentine’s Day 2024, the movie One Love received mixed reviews from critics. But, on its opening day in the U.S., the film about Bob Marley’s life broke records by earning more than $14 million at the box office. The film follows the making, release and tour of Marley’s ninth studio album produced with his Jamaican reggae band the Wailers.
The movie’s title was taken from a popular song “One Love” written by Bob Marley and recorded by his group in 1965 for their eponymous debut studio album “The Wailing Wailers.” A reworked version titled “One Love/People Get Ready” was included on the group’s historic 1977 album Exodus and became Marley’s anthem calling for universal love, respect and unity.
Time Magazine later declared Exodus to be “the Best Album of the 20th century” and a masterpiece of spiritual exploration. The revamped medley included Curtis Mayfield’s legendary lyrics about social awareness. Forty years after Marley’s death from a rare form of melanoma skin cancer, the king of reggae is still widely regarded as one of the most influential and iconic musicians of all time.
Prior to his diagnosis of skin cancer...
On December 3, 1976, just days before a concert was planned in support to help quell local violence, seven armed-men raided Marley’s Kingston residence in a botched assassination attempt. Although there were no fatalities, the politically-progressive musician was shot in the chest and arm while his wife, his manager and a band employee were also injured by gunfire.
Six months after Bob Marley came within inches of losing his life to the politically-motivated gunmen, he was surprised by a doctor’s diagnosis of a rare form of melanoma skin cancer. Unfortunately, a dark lesion under a toenail on his right foot was initially misdiagnosed as a bruise from a soccer injury. Bob Marley died four years later at age 36 from acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM).
Hidden Dangers of ALM
“Bob Marley’s premature death should serve as a reminder of the deadly nature of this indiscriminate skin disease,” says Dr. Michael Steppie Orlando Mohs cancer surgeon and medical director of Associates in Dermatology. “While it is true that most melanomas are caused by UV exposure from sunlight or tanning beds, ALM develops on hairless skin like under the nails, on the soles of the feet, or on the palms of your hands.”
Although subungual melanoma is rare overall, ALM is the leading cause of melanoma in patients of color. According to the Skin Cancer Foundation, Bob Marley refused the recommended treatment, which would have included the surgical remove of his toe and opted instead to remove the nail bed and cancerous tissue below. Nonetheless, the melanoma metastasized to other areas of his body (brain, liver and lungs) tragically ending the musician’s life much too soon.
How to Protect Skin of Color
If you have skin of any color, you can develop skin cancer. Although skin cancers are less prevalent in non-white ethnic groups, it is most often diagnosed at a later stage with a worse prognosis. The overall lack of awareness of skin cancer facts among individuals of color highlights the necessity to have routine full-body skin exams. Moreover, it is important people learn more about their skin type and how to protect it from both obvious and hidden dangers.
It is not clear as to why skin cancer incidence has grown dramatically in recent years, but any delay in detection in skin of color could be fatal. Here’s some tips on how to spot concerning skin conditions:
Squamous Cell Carcinoma – In skin of color, squamous cell carcinoma is most common in African Americans and Asian Indians. It often develops from a scar or burn and is a rapid-growing. LOOK FOR: a scaly red patch, open sore that can crust or bleed, or an elevated wart-like growth. In people of color, it is often seen in a non-sun-exposed area like lower body parts.
Basal Cell Carcinoma – In skin of color, basal cell carcinoma presents as a black pearly translucent bump or skin growth. It is most common in Hispanics and then Black people of color. Due to pigmentation, it may not be as apparent in dark skin types. LOOK FOR: Basal cell carcinomas are normally linked to UV exposure and seen on sun-exposed areas of skin. On skin of color, 90% of basal cell carcinoma lesions occur on the head or neck.
Melanoma – In skin of color, melanoma is not that common but can be fatal if not discovered and treated early before it is allowed to metastasize. Malignant melanoma begins in the cells that produce skin color (melanin). Due to its difficulty to detect, more African Americans, Asians and Latino people die of melanoma than whites. LOOK FOR: Any new or unusual black or brown spot (or changes to an existing mole) with irregular edges that are notched, ragged or blurred. In people of African descent, it is crucial to routinely check the palms, bottom of the feet, and under or around the nails for acral lentiginous melanoma.
People of African, Asian, Latino, Mediterranean, Middle Eastern and Native American descent need to understand the subtleties of skin cancer warning signs and what to look for on darker skin tones. Generally speaking, should you notice something new, changing or unusual anywhere on your skin, it’s time to contact a dermatologists. Remember, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma often hide on your extremities, eyes, ears, nose, or scalp.
Prevention Is the Best Approach to Skin Cancer
Skin cancer is indeed color blind. Although people of color are less likely to develop skin cancer, they are much more likely to die from skin cancer. This is primarily due to the delay in detection and treatment that is related to a lack of routine skin checks and annual skin care exams. Moreover, there is a lack of awareness about recommended sun protection strategies among those with skin of darker color.
“While skin cancer is less common in people of color,” says Dr. Steppie, “it is often more dangerous as people with darker skin may not catch it in the early stages when the disease is most treatable. Plus, patients may not recognize cancers on darker skin.” Since skin cancer is often painless, you may not notice it unless you look for it. This means a monthly self-check is an important and potentially life-saving exam for people of any skin tone.
The most important step for preventing skin cancer is protecting skin from damaging ultraviolet sources of light, including both the sun and tanning beds. If you’re going to be outside or otherwise exposed to sunlight, know your skin type and protect it from damage. Performing monthly self-care skin checks and noticing anything new, changing or unusual on sun-exposed and unexposed areas of your skin can keep you and your loved ones safe.
Associates in Dermatology provides skin exams, clinical dermatology, and cosmetic procedures designed to meet your skin care needs. Make your appointment online or call 800-877-7546 to schedule an appointment at one of our seventeen dermatology offices in Orlando, Altamonte Springs, Apopka, Celebration, Clermont, Davenport, Dr. Philips, Hunter's Creek, Kissimmee, Lake Wales, Mount Dora, Ocoee, Poinciana, Sanford, or St. Cloud.
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wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
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FactBench
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3
| 71
|
https://www.cbsnews.com/philadelphia/news/jo-mersa-marley-bob-marleys-grandson-dies-at-31/
|
en
|
Jo Mersa Marley, Bob Marley's grandson, dies at 31
|
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[
"Music",
"Bob Marley",
"Miami",
"Florida"
] | null |
[] |
2022-12-28T13:12:10-05:00
|
News of Marley's death elicited mourning on social media, including a post from Jamaican Prime Minister Andrew Holness.
|
en
|
https://www.cbsnews.com/philadelphia/news/jo-mersa-marley-bob-marleys-grandson-dies-at-31/
|
MIAMI (AP) — Reggae musician Joseph "Jo Mersa" Marley, Bob Marley's grandson and Stephen Marley's son, has died at 31.
His representative confirmed his death to Rolling Stone on Tuesday but a cause of death was not immediately disclosed.
Born in Jamaica and raised in Miami, Marley followed in his family's musical footsteps, taking the stage with his family's band, Ziggy Marley, and the Melody Makers. He began writing music when in middle school and made his musical debut in 2010 with the release of the single "My Girl," on which he collaborated with his cousin Daniel Bambaata Marley. In 2016, he collaborated on a song with his father for the latter's album "Revelation Part 2: The Fruit of Life."
Marley grew up with his musician father and was surrounded by Bob Marley's other children, including uncle Ziggy and aunts Sharon and Cadella.
Jo Mersa Marley spoke of how music enveloped his upbringing in a previous interview with Rolling Stone.
"I would come home and try to do homework, but I'd end up getting distracted and go peek in the studio. You would always want to run in and run out to see what was going on," he said.
He was intent on creating his own path and released his own debut album "Eternal" in 2021. He had studied studio engineering at Miami Dade College.
"I am one of the new generations of Marleys, but I am still experimenting at the same time," he had told Rolling Stone. "My plan is to do something new with my roots."
News of Marley's death elicited mourning on social media, including a post from Jamaican Prime Minister Andrew Holness.
"My heartfelt sympathies to Joseph's friends and associates and to the Reggae music fraternity and fans everywhere," Holness tweeted Tuesday. "His untimely passing at the young age of 31y.o. is a huge loss to the music as we look to the next generation."
|
||||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
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FactBench
|
3
| 4
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https://www.theguardian.com/music/2011/apr/24/bob-marley-funeral-richard-williams
|
en
|
Bob Marley's funeral, 21 May 1981: a day of Jamaican history
|
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[
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2011-04-24T00:00:00
|
<p>Bob Marley's funeral 30 years ago was an extraordinary event.<strong> Richard Williams</strong> was there, and recalls a Jamaican carnival of music, prayer and full Rasta pageantry</p>
|
en
|
the Guardian
|
https://www.theguardian.com/music/2011/apr/24/bob-marley-funeral-richard-williams
|
They buried Bob Marley on 21 May 1981 at Nine Mile, the village where, 36 years earlier, he had been born. His heavy bronze coffin was carried to the top of the highest hill in the village and placed in a temporary mausoleum painted in the colours of red, green and gold. Alongside Marley's embalmed corpse, the casket contained his red Gibson Les Paul guitar, a Bible opened at Psalm 23, and a stalk of ganja placed there by his widow, Rita, at the end of the funeral ceremony earlier in the day.
On the night of his death, on 11 May, I had gone to the Island Records studios in an old church in Notting Hill, west London, where Aswad had been cutting tracks in the very basement studio where Bob had completed Catch A Fire, his breakthrough album, nine years earlier. But it was long after midnight, and the musicians had gone home after watching the tributes to the dead man hurriedly assembled by the British TV networks. The only people left were a caretaker and one of Aswad's roadcrew, both Jamaicans.
"A sad day," I said, unable to think of anything more profound or perceptive.
They raised their eyes, and the roadie paused in the middle of rolling his spliff.
"Jah give," he replied, "and Jah take away."
That was the mood in Kingston when Marley's body arrived on a flight from Miami a few days later. There was no reason to grieve, the Rastas told anyone who expressed sorrow. Death meant nothing. Bob hadn't gone anywhere. He was still among us.
The announcement of the country's national budget was postponed by several days to accommodate Marley's state funeral. Invitations had to be sent out, the mausoleum had to be constructed, and security had to be organised at the National Arena, where the main ceremony would be held. And the prime minister, Edward Seaga, had to prepare his eulogy.
On the day before the funeral, the coffin was placed in the arena, a large, gymnasium-like building. The lid was open and the public – an estimated 100,000 of them – were allowed to file past to take a final look. Marley's head was once more covered with dreadlocks; but this was a wig which covered his bald skull, his own hair having been lost during his treatment for cancer in New York, Miami, Mexico, and finally the Bavarian clinic of Dr Josef Issels, following the diagnosis of a malignant melanoma four years earlier.
In Jamaica, everyone claimed to be Bob's friend. "Sure I knew him," the cab driver who picked me up at Norman Manley Airport said. "He smoked the herb of life." And he passed his spliff over his shoulder to his friend in the back seat, a uniformed policeman.
The day of the funeral began with an hour-long service for family and close friends at the Ethiopian Orthodox Church of the Holy Trinity on Maxfield Avenue, presided over by His Eminence Abuna Yesehaq, the church's archbishop in the western hemisphere, who had baptised Marley in New York the previous November, just after his last triumphal concerts at Madison Square Garden. Bob's baptismal name was Berhane Selassie – "Light of the Trinity".
At the end of the short service the coffin was transported to the National Arena, where the 6,000-strong congregation were assembling under the eyes of cameras and reporters from around the world. Above the entrance, a huge banner proclaimed: "Funeral Service of the Honourable Robert Nesta Marley, OM". The Order of Merit had been conferred a few weeks before his death.
The casket was carried into the hall on the shoulders of a score of white-jacketed guards of the Jamaica Defence Force. Inside and out in the street, a powerful public address system blasted out Bob's records, while in the surrounding avenues the hawkers of badges, posters, soft drinks and ganja worked the large numbers of people who had arrived without invitations and were prepared, if they could not get in, to listen to the ceremony as it was relayed by the loudspeakers.
"Babylon system is a vampire," Bob's voice wailed as the coffin was deposited on a trestle table in the middle of the broad stage and covered with two flags, the green, gold and black of Jamaica and the red, green and gold of Ethiopia. The decorations were the work of Neville Garrick, the creator of all the Wailers' album cover art from 1976's Rastaman Vibration to 1980's Uprising. The balconies were open to the public, and filled up quickly, but on the floor the rows of chairs were marked with signs: Family, Government, Press, Twelve Tribes of Israel, Musicians.
Photographers swiftly surrounded Cedella Booker, Bob's mother, in whose Miami home he had died, as she took her place. She was followed by his widow and some of his children, including his sons Ziggy, aged 12, the nine-year-olds Steve and Robert Junior, born to different mothers, and Julian, aged five, and his daughters Cedella, 13, and Stephanie, six. Applause saluted the entry of Michael Manley, the former prime minister, whose pro-Cuban policies had provoked the disastrous enmity of the US government and the International Monetary Fund, and who had been deposed by Seaga at an election six months earlier.
The Rastafarians, in particular, still saw Manley as a friend of the oppressed, and there was an obvious contrast with the polite but tepid response accorded to Seaga, who hurried to his seat surrounded by uniformed guards. The governor-general of Jamaica, Sir Florizel Glasspole, ON, GCMG, CD, the Queen of England's official representative, arrived from his residence, the palatial Devon House, to provide an appropriate symbol of the island's colonial history, a living reminder that the ancestors of most of those present had been brought from Africa four centuries earlier to form the world's only entirely slave-based economy.
The formal guard of the Ethiopian church, elderly men and women in white robes, took their places around the coffin and the centre of the stage was soon filled with the church's elders, in robes of varied and vivid design. On the right of the platform a riser had been built for the choir and for the United Africa Band, a group consisting of several percussionists, a bass guitarist and organist, directed by Brother Cedric Brooks. To the left, another riser was covered with amplifiers, keyboards and drums, all stencilled with the legend "Bob Marley and the Wailers".
A voice came over the loudspeakers. "Brothers and sisters, this is a funeral service for the late Bob Marley. Please don't forget that. The selling of all merchandise must stop now." In the row in front of me, the producer Harry J, accompanied by his latest protegee, the singer Sheila Hilton, was in conversation with a Rasta wearing a red, green and gold tam o'shanter. "There has to be a revolution to get a solution," the Rasta proclaimed. Harry J didn't seem to be entirely in agreement. I wondered if, under the armpit of his glossy silk suit, he was stillpacking the silver Smith & Wesson revolver I'd seen him remove from the glove compartment of his Oldsmobile as he took Chris Blackwell and me to a Catch A Fire session in his studio nine years earlier, the day after Marley and Blackwell had signed the deal that would set the whole phenomenon in motion.
A little while after the scheduled hour of 11 o'clock, the service began with an Anglican hymn, "O God, Our Help in Ages Past", accompanied by the drummers of the United Africa Band. As the familiar 18th-century melody – written by William Croft, an Oxford scholar and composer to Queen Anne, whose remains lie in Westminster Abbey – died away, the archbishop, standing beneath a parasol held by an acolyte, began to read passages from the Anaphora of John, Son of Thunder and the Anaphora of St Mary, rendered in Ge'ez, the ancient tongue of Ethiopia, and Amharic.
The governor-general stepped forward, a small, portly figure, to read the first lesson, taken from 1 Corinthians: "The last enemy that shall be destroyed is death." The congregation sang another hymn, coincidentally a favourite of Elvis Presley: "Then sings my soul, my Saviour God, to Thee/ How great Thou art, how great Thou art." Manley read from 1 Thessalonians: "Therefore, brethren, we were comforted over you in all our affliction and distress by your faith/ For now we live, if ye stand fast in the Lord."
Then, to the delight of the Rastas in the balcony, it was the turn of the dreadlocked Allan "Skill" Cole, Jamaica's finest footballer and one of the dead man's closest friends. Cole was wearing the raiment of the Twelve Tribes of Israel, a popular sub-sect of Rastafari founded in Jamaica in the late 1960s and with whom Marley had long been associated; his inclusion in the proceedings had been tolerated by the Ethiopian elders, to whom the Rasta doctrines represented a form of heresy, only under protest. He had been scheduled to read from Psalm 68, which bears the subtitle "To the chief musician, a psalm or song of David".
Instead he announced that he proposed to deliver passages from Corinthians and Isaiah particularly dear to Rastafarian hearts. Mutterings and shufflings among the church dignitaries on the platform were answered by sounds of delighted approval from the congregation. Their mood turned to boisterous glee as the footballer refused to heed urgent requests to leave the platform, continuing with his reading before returning to his seat amid the sounds of triumph.
The archbishop, clearly annoyed, recovered his composure in time to read the Beatitudes – "Blessed are the poor in spirit; for theirs is the kingdom of heaven" – and to lead the Lord's Prayer before Seaga delivered a eulogy memorable only for its closing benediction: "May his soul," intoned the man in the dark business suit, "rest in the arms of Jah Rastafari." Even the Twelve Tribes could scarce forbear to cheer this explicit recognition of their usually ignored presence within Jamaican society.
The archbishop's address contained an implicit rebuke of Skill Cole in a direct address to the Rastas in the hall. Why advocate repatriation to Africa, he demanded, when it would profit them more to work together for a better life in Jamaica? "Jah!" they shouted in defiance as he spoke. "Rastafari!"
The most extraordinary moment of the ceremony, the most beautiful and un-European, came after the members of Marley's old band mounted the stage. The I-Threes – Rita Marley, Judy Mowatt and Marcia Griffiths – sang "Rastaman Chant" to a ponderous and mournful rhythm before the Wailers, directed by the guitarist Junior Murvin, struck up "Natural Mystic".
It was during this song, while the crowd was getting to its feet and moving towards the stage to join what had suddenly been transformed from an obsequy to a celebration, that Ziggy and Stevie Marley could be seen dancing among the musicians. Identically dressed in maroon suits and white shoes, they performed joyous imitations of their late father's distinctive stage choreography, and the resemblance was such that the congregation gasped at the sight. When the engineer at the mixing desk superimposed a recording of Bob's voice above the band's heavyweight rhythm, the effect was hallucinatory.
Cedella Booker closed the service. Accompanied by two other women, she delivered "Amen" – written by Curtis Mayfield, whose music had inspired Marley's earliest efforts – in a powerful voice as her listeners swayed to the rhythm.
Then the musicians put down their instruments, lifted the coffin on to their shoulders and carried it through the hall and out into the roadway, where it was placed in a hearse, ready for the 50-mile journey to the place where Marley's life had begun.
As the cortege left Kingston, it passed by the house at 56 Hope Road whose walls still bore the scars from the bullets that narrowly failed to kill Marley in a politically motivated attack in 1976. On South Camp Road, outside the Alpha Boys School, where many of Jamaica's finest musicians had been taught to play by an inspiring teacher named Ruben Delgado, pupils sang "No Woman, No Cry" as the procession headed towards Marcus Garvey Drive and out of the city on the road towards Spanish Town .
Crossing the parish of St Catherine to the town of Bog Walk, where the road splits right to Port Maria and left to Ocho Rios, the cars turned north-east through Moneague and past the 2,000ft peak of the mountain called Friendship, taking the left fork past Claremont and into the parish of St Ann, skirting the foothills of the Dry Harbour Mountains and on through Brown's Town. All along the route, people came out of houses, schools, farms and workshops to stand by the roadside. Finally, in mid-afternoon, the dead man and his companions arrived at Nine Mile, a hamlet set at the end of a single-track road among gentle, verdant red-clay hills.
A helicopter buzzed overhead, carrying a film crew, their cameras trained on slopes covered with white-robed figures. Rastas from all over the island had set off early to be in place when the cortege arrived. Policemen fingered machine guns but disorder was minimal, despite the crush as the coffin was removed from the hearse and carried by many willing hands up to the small temporary mausoleum.
Nine Mile turned out to be no more than a scattering of shanties, with one or two bars and a small single-storey stone building consecrated, according to a handwritten sign, to the use of the Holy Baptist Church of the Fire of God of the Americas. This was a place where workers in the sugar plantations set in the flatlands towards the sea had built their homes and quietly cultivated their modest crops. It was here, on 6 February 1945, that Cedella Booker had brought Bob Marley into the world, and it was here, only a few paces away from the mausoleum, in a tiny two-room shack, that Bob and Rita had returned for a year at the end of the 1960s, to nurture their first child.
After a brief ceremony of interment, the convoy departed, followed by the police. Only the Rastas remained. For the last time, Junior Murvin and Neville Garrick climbed the low mound to the mausoleum, picking their way through empty Red Stripe cans, the music they helped to send around the globe throbbing from cassette players.
As the light began to fail, the vendors of ice creams and soft drinks packed their goods away. The thump of the helicopter's rotors receded. The white-robed members of the Twelve Tribes of Israel melted into the dusk. Bob had come home.
|
|||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
1
| 68
|
https://face2faceafrica.com/article/bob-marley-died-in-1981-but-earns-23m-a-year-after-a-3-decade-legal-battle-over-his-estate
|
en
|
Bob Marley died in 1981 but earns $23m a year after 3
|
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[
"Ismail Akwei",
"Francis Akhalbey",
"Dollita Okine",
"Mildred Europa Taylor",
"Abu Mubarik",
"Stephen Nartey",
"www.facebook.com"
] |
2019-05-11T11:00:45+00:00
|
Reggae icon Robert Nesta Bob Marley did not die a poor man and his family escaped destitution, thanks to the wealth he left from his years of musical
|
en
|
Face2Face Africa
|
https://face2faceafrica.com/article/bob-marley-died-in-1981-but-earns-23m-a-year-after-a-3-decade-legal-battle-over-his-estate
|
Reggae icon Robert Nesta Bob Marley did not die a poor man, and his family escaped poverty, thanks to the wealth he left behind from his years of musical mastery, which shot him to global acclaim as one of the best musicians of all time.
Born on February 6, 1945, Bob Marley lived a humble life as he promoted freedom for poor and oppressed people, social equality, and justice. However, decades of lawsuits over his estate—which was reported to be worth about $30 million when he died—followed his death from cancer on May 11, 1981.
Chaos in the Absence of a Will
Bob Marley did not leave behind a will as per his Rastafari beliefs that characterize lawyers and legal documents as evil and tools of Babylon. Instead, his family could only depend on the Jamaican intestate law to decide on the distribution of his wealth.
His wife, Rita Marley, would have received 10% of his assets and would be entitled to another 45% throughout her life, while his at least eleven children by seven different women would share the balance. This didn’t seem fair to some and didn’t go down well.
Marley’s business attorney, David Steinberg, and an accountant, Marvin Zolt, convinced Rita to forge his name to a series of documents and predate them before he died. The plan was to transfer control of most of Marley’s corporate holdings, along with much of his royalty rights and money, to her.
The Legal Battles Begin
One of Marley’s former managers uncovered the scheme. It began a long series of legal battles, which ended after the two accomplices were found guilty of fraud and other illegalities to the tune of $6 million.
Rita Marley also confessed and stated that she acted upon the attorney’s advice. As a result, she lost her administrative control of Bob Marley’s estate, which she had since his death until 1986.
At the same time, other legal claims popped up from several children of Marley and their mothers; one from the Wailers, Marley’s eight bandmates at the time of his death; and another from Cayman Music, which claims to own some of Marley’s recordings.
Marley’s mother also moved to his $300,000 South Dade house in Miami in 1977, and Chris Blackwell, president of Island Records, Marley’s record label, wanted to include the property in an $8.2-million sale of Marley’s estate.
Blackwell would get royalty rights from Marley’s recordings, copyrights for his songs after 1976, and real estate, including South Dade house, if the deal sailed through. He expressed willingness to negotiate the sale of the home, but Bob Marley’s mother contested the deal. The legal battle ended after a decade, with both parties benefitting.
In another legal battle that ended in the early 90s, the Jamaican Supreme Court ruled that Rita Marley and Marley’s children had the exclusive right to use Marley’s name, likeness, and image for commercial purposes.
This ruling prompted another lawsuit in 2011 when Rita Marley and nine of Bob’s children sued his half-brother, Richard Booker, and two of his corporations. Booker used Marley’s name and image to market the annual 9 Mile Music Festival in Miami, and he owned a company that gives tours of the village where Marley was born and buried.
He also trademarked the term “Mama Marley” for his line of fish products. Booker claimed that Bob Marley had permitted him to use the family name. After a year in court, the family reached a settlement agreement.
The Industrious Marley Family
As of 2018, Bob Marley is the fifth top-earning dead celebrity, according to Forbes. His estate, now named House of Marley, is managed by four of his children, Rohan Marley, the brand officer of the estate; Cedella; Stephen; and Ziggy, while the rest sit on a board and share the proceeds evenly.
According to Forbes, the proceeds derived from the sale of products in more than 48 countries, which included headphones, Marley Natural cannabis, smoking accessories, Get Together portable speakers (which logged $6 million in sales in 2016) and Smile Jamaica earphones ($8.1 million).
There are also Uplift earphones, Marley Coffee (managed by Rohan), and Marley Natural (managed by Cedella), which sells herb-related products such as smoked-glass water pipes. The Marley family has hired a team to help run House Marley and to deal with the unauthorized use of Bob’s name and likeness. Forbes estimates that unauthorized sales of Marley music and merchandise generate more than half a billion dollars annually, though the estate disputes this.
|
|||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
0
| 32
|
https://www.pressdemocrat.com/article/entertainment/how-ziggy-marley-helped-bring-the-authenticity-to-bob-marley-one-love/
|
en
|
How Ziggy Marley helped bring the authenticity to ‘Bob Marley: One Love’
|
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"LINDSEY BAHR"
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2024-02-18T20:31:19+00:00
|
People had been coming to Ziggy Marley and his family for years with ideas about how to turn reggae legend Bob Marley’s life into a movie.
|
en
|
Santa Rosa Press Democrat
|
https://www.pressdemocrat.com/article/entertainment/how-ziggy-marley-helped-bring-the-authenticity-to-bob-marley-one-love/
|
People had been coming to Ziggy Marley and his family for years with ideas about how to turn reggae icon Bob Marley’s life into a movie. But it never felt quite right, until a few years ago when they decided to be the instigators.
“It was just a feeling,” Ziggy Marley said of getting his father's life on screen in a recent interview with The Associated Press. “We explored it without knowing that we definitely wanted to do it because we needed to make sure that the people we did it with was the right people. People who respected what we wanted to do, the culture, the authenticity that we wanted.”
This time, he said, they found the right partners. But it was a gamble for everyone: For Paramount Pictures and the other producers, wanting to do right by Bob Marley’s story, his music and his message and worried what would happen if they didn’t; For Kingsley Ben-Adir stepping into the shoes of an icon; For the family and friends who mined their memories for the more intimate story; And for a director, Reinaldo Marcus Green, who had to bring it all together and make it sing.
Early signs suggest that for moviegoing audiences, it worked. “Bob Marley: One Love” has only been in theaters for a few days, but it is already making waves at the box office. On its first day alone, it made $14 million in North America, a record for a midweek Valentine’s Day debut. As of Sunday it had already made an estimated $80 million globally. Though critics have been mixed, ticket buyers responded with enthusiasm giving the $70 million film the highest marks in exit polls.
“It’s such a rewarding validation of the thing that we set out to do,” said Mike Ireland, the co-president of Paramount Motion Picture Group. “The audience is the ultimate arbiter of every movie and everything you put into the world. And to have them respond in that way? It’s just fantastic.”
The film focuses in on a specific period in Bob Marley’s life, from 1976 to 1978. During that time of political turmoil in Jamaica, the reggae legend survived an assassination attempt, produced his seminal album “Exodus” in an 18-month exile in London, was diagnosed with cancer and returned to Jamaica to reunite with his family and stage the famous “One Love” concert.
“I’m a movie guy,” multi-Grammy winner Ziggy Marley said. “My selfish goal was to have a movie that had entertainment and action. I said to them, ‘I don’t want a boring movie.’ And this period of time was the most active and entertaining.”
The story and script were derived from stories from Ziggy Marley and the legend's widow, Rita Marley, played in the film by Lashana Lynch, and others who knew him well. They shot on location in the U.K. and Jamaica, where they worked with locals in front of and behind the camera, where many had personal or at least second-hand ties to Bob Marley.
For Green, one of the biggest challenges of a film like “One Love” was getting the patois language right and making it feel real without watering it down. They were, he said, essentially making a foreign language movie but without subtitles. It’s just one of the crucial ways that their largely Jamaican cast and crew added texture and legitimacy to everything.
“We cast, I would say, 98% Jamaicans,” Green said. “We have real musicians as well. It creates that authentic feeling. It doesn’t feel like you’re watching actors trying to play music. You have real music by real musicians."
The studio and production companies leaned heavily on the local government and film commission for help filming in Trench Town and re-creating Bob Marley’s home exactly as it was.
“You have to get the people of Jamaica’s blessings first for something like this, you know?” Ziggy Marley said. “We couldn’t do it without Jamaica.”
And all hope they helped to contribute to Jamaica’s filmmaking infrastructure. It’s hardly a surprise that the film now holds the record for Jamaica’s biggest opening day ever, surpassing “Black Panther.”
On everyone's mind was getting Bob Marley right — starting with the music that most audiences will come in knowing and expecting certain things from, and trickling down to the private and internal life of a larger-than-life figure. Ben-Adir learned to sing and play guitar, which he did during filming under Ziggy Marley’s guidance — who wanted an artistic interpretation and not an exact copy. The final film blends Ben-Adir's voice with archival recordings.
“Kingsley did a good job,” Ziggy Marley said. “He did the work. He really studied.”
Sometimes when families and estates are involved in the biopic process, the life can get watered down and sanitized. But Ziggy Marley and his family went in clear-eyed about wanting to show a real person, flaws and all. And who better to steer the process and the large-scale re-creations of famous concerts than someone who also is an acclaimed musician in his own right?
Ziggy Marley hopes that the film makes “people feel like they are part of the family, part of the crew, part of the band,” he said. “You are inside now. You’re not a fan on the outside.”
But mostly, he said, it's about the message.
“We’re shedding a light on the idea of unity for humanity, of one love for people,” he said. “That is what we are most proud of, that we are serving a purpose.”
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https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/happy-birthday-bob-marley/
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Happy Birthday, Bob Marley
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On February 6, 1945, Bob Marley was born in Nine Mile, Jamaica.
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https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/happy-birthday-bob-marley
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https://www.biography.com/musicians/bob-marley
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Bob Marley: Biography, Reggae Singer, Musician
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2014-04-03T01:16:42
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Jamaican singer-songwriter Bob Marley helped popularize reggae music around the world. Read about his songs and albums, children, wife, death, movie, and more.
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/_assets/design-tokens/biography/static/images/favicon.3635572.ico
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Biography
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https://www.biography.com/musicians/bob-marley
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1945-1981
Latest News: Late Singer Is the Subject of the New Biopic Bob Marley: One Love
Reggae icon Bob Marley is the latest musical great to receive a big-screen biopic, with actor Kingsley Ben-Adir portraying the late singer in . Despite his untimely death at age 36, Marley was hugely influential as a musician, popularizing reggae around the world, and as an advocate for peace. The movie, now in theaters, also stars Lashana Lynch as Marley’s wife, Rita.
Ben-Adir initially felt he wasn’t a fit for the role, as he couldn’t sing or dance. “My question was if [the casting personnel had] been on a worldwide search, and they said yes. And I said maybe they should go on another one,” he quipped to Entertainment Weekly. However, the actor learned to play guitar and sang all the songs during filming, though only some of his vocals were used.
Listen to a sampling of Ben-Adir’s vocals in the biopic’s trailer:
Who Was Bob Marley?
Jamaican singer-songwriter Bob Marley helped introduce reggae music to the world and remains one of the genre’s most beloved artists, having sold more than 75 million records. In 1963, Marley and his friends formed The Wailing Wailers, which eventually became Bob Marley & The Wailers. The Wailers’ big break came in 1972 when the band landed a contract with Island Records. Marley went on to sell more than 20 million records throughout his career, making him the first international superstar to emerge from the so-called developing world. A father to 11 children, Marley died from cancer in May 1981 at age 36.
Quick Facts
FULL NAME: Robert Nesta Marley
BORN: February 6, 1945
DIED: May 11, 1981
BIRTHPLACE: St. Ann Parish, Jamaica
SPOUSE: Rita Marley (1966-1981)
CHILDREN: Sharon, Cedella, Robert, Rohan, Karen, Stephanie, Julian, Ky-Mani, Ziggy, Damian, and Stephen
ASTROLOGICAL SIGN: Aquarius
Early Life
Robert Nesta Marley—better known as Bob Marley—was born on February 6, 1945, in St. Ann Parish, Jamaica.
Marley’s mother, Cedella Malcolm (later Cedella Booker), a native of Jamaica, was only 18 when she married a much older white man, Norval Sinclair Marley, who worked as a plantation supervisor. They separated shortly after Bob’s birth. Originally from East Sussex, England, Norval was largely absent from his son’s life, and Bob later on.
Bob spent his early years in St. Ann Parish, in the rural village known as Nine Miles. One of his childhood friends in St. Ann was Neville “Bunny” O’Riley Livingston. Attending the same school, the two shared a love of music. Bunny inspired Marley to learn to play the guitar. Later Livingston’s father and Marley’s mother became involved, and they all lived together for a time in Kingston, according to Christopher John Farley’s .
Arriving in the Jamaican capital in the late 1950s, Marley lived in Trench Town, one of the city’s poorest neighborhoods. He struggled in poverty, but he found inspiration in the music around him. Trench Town had a number of successful local performers and was considered the Motown of Jamaica. Sounds from the United States also drifted in over the radio and through jukeboxes. Marley liked such artists as Ray Charles, Elvis Presley, Fats Domino, and the Drifters.
Marley and Livingston devoted much of their time to music. Under the guidance of Joe Higgs, Marley worked on improving his singing abilities. He met another student of Higgs, Peter McIntosh (later Peter Tosh) who eventually played an important role in Marley’s career.
Music Career Beginnings
Local record producer Leslie Kong liked Marley’s vocals and had the teenager record a few singles, the first of which was “Judge Not,” released in 1962. Although he didn’t fare well as a solo artist, Marley found some success joining forces with his friends. In 1963, Marley, Livingston, and McIntosh formed The Wailing Wailers. Their first single, “Simmer Down,” went to the top of the Jamaican charts in January 1964. By this time, the group also included Junior Braithwaite, Beverly Kelso, and Cherry Smith.
The group became quite popular in Jamaica, but they had difficulty making it financially. Braithewaite, Kelso, and Smith left the group. The remaining members drifted apart for a time, and Marley went to the United States where his mother was living.
After eight months, Marley returned to Jamaica. He reunited with Livingston and McIntosh to form The Wailers. Around this time, Marley was exploring his spiritual side and developing a growing interest in the Rastafarian movement. Both religious and political, the Rastafarian movement began in Jamaica in 1930s and drew its beliefs from many sources, including Jamaican nationalist Marcus Garvey, the Bible’s Old Testament, and their African heritage and culture. It also considers the use of marijuana, known as the “holy herb,” sacred because the drug can produce heightened spiritual states. Marley smoked marijuana throughout his life and was an advocate for its legalization.
For a time in the late 1960s, Marley worked with pop singer Johnny Nash. Nash scored a worldwide hit with Marley’s song “Stir It Up.” The Wailers also worked with producer Lee Perry during this era; some of their successful songs together were “Trench Town Rock,” “Soul Rebel,” and “Four Hundred Years.”
Wife Rita Marley
Rita Marley
Around the time of The Wailers’ hiatus in the mid-1960s, Marley married Alfarita “Rita” Anderson on February 10, 1966.
Rita, who was originally from Cuba but moved to Jamaica, sang in church growing up and joined a vocal group called The Soulettes as a teenager. She met Marley while in the group, and he coached her during this time. They continued collaborating professionally when Rita was a member of the I-Threes.
The couple shared five children and remained married until Bob’s death in 1981, despite his multiple extramarital affairs. Rita had trysts herself, and both had children with other partners during the marriage. “As they say you grunt and bear [the infidelity], that’s what I had to do because I was so in love with this man and love grew stronger, it’s not that it grew weaker,” she told BBC Caribbean.com in 2004.
As of July 2023, Rita is retired and lives in Miami.
Children
Ky-Mani, Julian, Ziggy, Damian, and Stephen Marley—five of Bob Marley’s 11 children—in August 2004
Marley’s estate has recognized 11 children belonging to the singer, including nine that he fathered and two he adopted.
With his wife, Marley had five kids. He adopted her daughters Sharon, born in 1964 before their marriage, and Stephanie, born in 1974 from one of Rita’s extramarital affairs. Together, the couple shared three biological children: daughter Cedella, born in 1967; son David, known as “Ziggy” Marley, born in 1968; and son Stephen, born in 1972.
Additionally, Marley had sons Robert (born in 1972), Rohan (1972), Julian (1975), Ky-Mani (1976), and Damian (1978), as well as daughter Karen (1973).
Ziggy Marley & The Melody Makers perform in August 2000.
Many of Marley’s children followed his footsteps into the music industry. For years, Ziggy, Stephen, Cedella, and Sharon played together as Ziggy Marley & The Melody Makers. Ziggy and Stephen have also had their own solo careers. Sons Damian—known as “Jr. Gong”—Ky-Mani, and Julian are also talented recording artists. Other Marley children are involved in family-related businesses, including the Tuff Gong record label, founded by Marley in the mid-1960s.
Bob Marley & The Wailers
As he began having children, Marley continued his musical career. The Wailers added two new members in 1970: bassist Aston “Family Man” Barrett and his brother, drummer Carlton “Carlie” Barrett. The following year, Marley worked on a movie soundtrack in Sweden with Johnny Nash.
The band got its big break in 1972 when The Wailers landed a contract with Island Records, founded by Chris Blackwell. The group’s first full album under the new label was the critically acclaimed Catch a Fire from 1973. To support the record, The Wailers toured Britain and the United States in 1973, performing as an opening act for both Bruce Springsteen and Sly & the Family Stone. That same year, the group released their second full album, Burnin’, featuring the hit song “I Shot the Sheriff.” Rock legend Eric Clapton released a cover of the song in 1974, and it became a No. 1 hit in the United States.
Bob Marley & The Wailers perform in Birmingham, England, in 1975.
Before releasing their next album, 1975’s Natty Dread, two of the three original Wailers left the group; McIntosh and Livingston decided to pursue solo careers as Peter Tosh and Bunny Wailer, respectively. Natty Dread reflected some of the political tensions in Jamaica between the People’s National Party and the Jamaica Labour Party. Violence sometimes erupted due to these conflicts. “Rebel Music (3 O’Clock Roadblock)” was inspired by Marley’s experience of being stopped by army members late one night prior to the 1972 national elections, and “Revolution” was interpreted by many as Marley’s endorsement for the PNP.
For their next tour, The Wailers performed with I-Threes, a female group whose members included Marcia Griffiths, Judy Mowatt, and Marley’s wife, Rita. Now called Bob Marley & The Wailers, the band toured extensively and helped increase reggae’s popularity abroad. In the United Kingdom in 1975, they scored their first Top 40 hit with “No Woman, No Cry.”
Already a much-admired star in his native Jamaica, Marley was on his way to becoming an international music icon. He made the American music charts with the album Rastaman Vibration in 1976. One track stands out as an expression of his devotion to his faith and his interest in political change: “War.” The song’s lyrics were taken from a speech by Haile Selassie, the 20th century Ethiopian emperor who is seen as a type of a spiritual leader in the Rastafarian movement. A battle cry for freedom from oppression, the song discusses a new Africa, one without the racial hierarchy enforced by colonial rule.
Shot in 1976
Back in Jamaica, Marley continued to be seen as a supporter of the People’s National Party. And his influence in his native land was seen as a threat to PNP’s rivals. This might have led to the assassination attempt on Marley in 1976.
A group of gunmen attacked Marley & The Wailers while they were rehearsing on the night of December 3, 1976, two days before a planned concert in Kingston’s National Heroes Park. Marley was shot, with one bullet striking his sternum and bicep. Another butllet hit Rita in the head. Fortunately, the Marleys weren’t severely injured, but manager Don Taylor wasn’t as lucky. Shot five times, Taylor needed surgery to save his life. Despite the attack and after much deliberation, Marley still played at the show. The motivation behind the attack was never uncovered, and Marley fled the country the day after the concert.
Later Albums and Songs
Now living in London, Marley went to work on Exodus, which was released in 1977. The title track draws an analogy between the biblical story of Moses and the Israelites leaving exile and his own situation. The song also discusses returning to Africa. The concept of Africans and descendants of Africans repatriating their homeland can be linked to the work of activist Marcus Garvey. Released as a single, “Exodus” was a hit in the United Kingdom, as were “Waiting in Vain” and “Jamming,” and the entire album stayed on the British charts for more than a year. Today, Exodus is considered to be one of the best albums ever made.
Marley had a health scare in 1977. He sought treatment that July for a toe he thought he injured earlier in the year. After discovering cancerous cells in his toe, doctors suggested amputation. Marley refused to have the surgery, however, because his religious beliefs prohibited amputation.
While working on Exodus, Bob Marley & The Wailers recorded songs that were later released on the album Kaya (1978). With love as its theme, the work featured two hits: “Satisfy My Soul” and “Is This Love.” Also in 1978, Marley returned to Jamaica to perform his One Love Peace Concert, where he got Prime Minister Michael Manley of the PNP and opposition leader Edward Seaga of the JLP to shake hands on stage.
Jamaican Prime Minister Michael Manley, left, and opposition leader Edward Seaga, third from left, joined Bob Marley & The Wailers onstage during the 1978 One Love Peace Concert.
That same year, Marley made his first trip to Africa. He visited Kenya and Ethiopia, an especially important nation to him as it’s viewed as the spiritual homeland of Rastafarians. Perhaps inspired by his travels, the band’s next album, Survival (1979), was seen as a call for both greater unity and an end to oppression on the African continent. In 1980, Bob Marley & The Wailers played an official independence ceremony for the new nation of Zimbabwe. Also that year, the United Nations awarded Marley its Medal of Peace.
A huge international success, Uprising (1980) featured “Could You Be Loved” and “Redemption Song.” Known for its poetic lyrics and social and political importance, the pared down, folk-sounding “Redemption Song” was an illustration of Marley’s talents as a songwriter. One line from the song reads: “Emancipate yourselves from mental slavery / none but ourselves can free our minds.”
On tour to support the album, Bob Marley & The Wailers traveled throughout Europe, playing in front of large crowds. They also planned a series of concerts in the United States, but the group only played three concerts there—two at Madison Square Garden in New York City and one performance at the Stanley Theater in Pittsburgh—before Marley became too sick to continue.
Death
Marley’s illness was a resurgence of the acral lentiginous melanoma discovered earlier in his toe. The cancer had now spread throughout his body, including his brain, lungs, and liver. Traveling to Europe, Marley underwent unconventional treatment in Germany and was subsequently able to fight off the cancer for months. However, it soon became clear that Marley didn’t have much longer to live.
The musician set out to return to his beloved Jamaica one last time to receive the Order of Merit from the Jamaican government. But, he didn’t manage to complete the journey. Marley died in Miami on May 11, 1981, at age 36.
Adored by the people of Jamaica, Marley was given a hero’s send-off. More than 30,000 people paid their respects to the musician during his memorial service, held at the National Arena in Kingston, Jamaica. Rita Marley, Marcia Griffiths, and Judy Mowatt sang, and The Wailers performed at the ceremony, too.
Marley’s death set off a legal battle over his estate, as he did not leave a will. According to Rolling Stone, his widow, Rita, was reportedly forced to sign a fake will in the late 1980s; the Jamaican government soon took control of the estate and sold it to the head of Island Records, Chris Blackwell. After a court battle, the family was granted possession in 1991.
Legacy: Museum, 2024 Movie, and More
Bob Marley’s house in Kingston, Jamaica, was turned into the Bob Marley Museum after his death.
In 1986, Marley’s widow, Rita, founded the Bob Marley Foundation, which works to “perpetuate the spiritual, cultural, social and musical ideals which guided and inspired [Bob Marley] during his lifetime.” She remains the organization’s chairperson. Rita also established the Bob Marley Museum at the site of the musician’s home in Kingston, Jamaica, from 1975 until his death. The museum has numerous personal items belonging to Marley on display and also features a theater, photo gallery, and record shop.
In 2001, Rita helped organize the rerelease of 18 of Marley’s albums. “The music is a salve that will heal the world eventually, so we thought that this generation that really didn’t get a chance to see Bob Marley and isn’t able to get some of his old selections will now be able to do this,” she said.
Marley has inspired multiple movies. The 2012 , directed by Oscar winner Kevin Macdonald, combined interviews with unheard tracks and footage of Marley to tell the story of his life and career.
On February 14, 2024, the biopic Bob Marley: One Love released in theaters with actor Kingsley Ben-Adir in the lead role. Members of the Marley family were involved in the movie’s production. Ben-Adir told CBS Sunday Morning he initially had misgivings about his fit for the role because of his stature. He is 6-foot-2, while Marley was 5-foot-6. Ben-Adir lost 40 pounds for his screen test. “It was too much. I felt sick, I wasn’t sleeping,” the actor said. “There were a lot of conversations with the family where it was like, ‘We’re just trying to find Bob’s essence and his spirit in this film. You can’t copy Bob.’” Ultimately, that helped him agree to job offer.
Decades after his death, Marley’s music remains widely acclaimed. Billboard reported in 2015 that Marley had sold more than 75 million records, including copies of albums released posthumously such as the multiplatinum greatest hits collection Legends. In January 2018, Blackwell sold the majority of his rights to Marley’s catalog to Primary Wave Music Publishing, known for its branding and marketing campaigns for “the icons and legends business.”
Quotes
Emancipate yourselves from mental slavery / none but ourselves can free our minds.
Open your eyes, look within. Are you satisfied with the life you’re living?
One good thing about music, when it hits you, you feel no pain.
In this bright future, you can’t forget your past.
I want to give you some love, I want to give you some good good lovin’.
I believe in freedom for everyone, not just the Black man.
Herb is the unification of mankind.
Every man got a right to decide his own destiny.
Don’t worry about a thing / every little thing is gonna be all right.
Better to die fighting for freedom than to be a prisoner all the days of your life.
Don’t gain the world and lose your soul. Wisdom is better than silver or gold.
Love the life you live. Live the life you love.
The truth is, everyone is going to hurt you, you just got to find the ones worth suffering for.
|
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wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
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FactBench
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0
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https://variety.com/2020/music/news/bob-marley-stream-youtube-live-rainbow-concert-film-1234633045/
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en
|
YouTube Will Be Jamming with Bob Marley ‘Rainbow’ Concert Movie Stream
|
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2020-06-12T18:01:02+00:00
|
YouTube will be streaming Bob Marley's 1977 "Live at the Rainbow" concert in its entirety on Friday.
|
en
|
Variety
|
https://variety.com/2020/music/news/bob-marley-stream-youtube-live-rainbow-concert-film-1234633045/
|
After being the target of an assassination attempt in Jamaica on December 3, 1976, Bob Marley sought refuge in England. He moved and lived there for the next two years. During this productive in-exile period he recorded two of his best and enduring albums, “Exodus” and “Kaya.”
On June 3, 1977, “Exodus” by Bob Marley and the Wailers was released. The next day he and the Wailers performed at the Rainbow in London. That concert, “Live at the Rainbow,” will be streamed Friday in its entirety on YouTube at noon PT/3 p.m. ET.
The 90-minute concert, featuring 13 Marley classics (including three from “Exodus”), opens with “Trenchtown Rock” and closes with an 18-minute encore medley of “Jamming,” “Get Up, Stand Up” and “Exodus.”
Here’s the track listing:
Trenchtown Rock
Rebel Music (3 O’Clock Roadblock)
Burnin’ and Lootin’
Them Belly Full (But We Hungry)
The Heathen
I Shot the Sheriff
War / No More Trouble
Crazy Baldhead / Running Away
No Woman, No Cry
Lively Up Yourself
Jamming
Get Up, Stand Up
Exodus
Marley is in peak form, whirling, dancing and emoting throughout the concert, which is restored from film to HD video and from original analog to 24-bit audio. The Wailers band includes Junior Marvin (guitar), Tyrone Downie (keyboards), Aston Barrett (bass), Carlton Barrett (drums), Alvin Patterson (percussion) and the I-Threes (Rita Marley, Marcia Griffiths and Judy Mowatt) as backup singers.
It was the last show of the “Exodus” tour, due to an injury Marley had suffered to his toe playing soccer. Sadly, it turned out to be a melanoma that would spread and eventually claim the reggae star in 1981.
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wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
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FactBench
|
2
| 93
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https://www.today.com/popculture/movies/bob-marley-one-love-movie-rcna138356
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en
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Ziggy Marley recalls dad Bob Marley’s last words to him before his death
|
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2024-02-14T19:37:19+00:00
|
Ziggy Marley talks about his father, Bob Marley, in a new episode of "Making Space with Hoda Kotb." Here's what he said about the subject of "Bob Marley: One Love."
|
en
|
https://nodeassets.nbcnews.com/cdnassets/projects/ramen/favicon/today/all-other-sizes-PNG.ico/favicon.ico
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TODAY.com
|
https://www.today.com/popculture/movies/bob-marley-one-love-movie-rcna138356
|
New episodes of Hoda’s podcast are available every Wednesday — just search “Making Space” wherever you get your podcasts, or click here.
Ziggy Marley was 12 years old when his father, Bob Marley, died, and he cherishes their last memory together.
In a new episode of "Making Space with Hoda Kotb" released Feb. 28, Ziggy Marley shared with Hoda his father's last words to him. Bob Marley died at age 36 in 1981.
He recalled being in his dad's intensive care hospital room a few days before the singer died from malignant melanoma.
"I was, like, peeping through the window," Ziggy Marley, now 55, said. "And he was like, 'Come here.' So, I went in, and he was like, 'Hey ... well, young Bob, I have a song for you.' And he said these words: 'On your way up, take me up. On your way down, don’t let me down.'"
Shortly after, Ziggy Marley said he learned his dad had died while visiting his grandmother in Miami.
"I think I was downstairs and the call came," he said. "I told you I'm very observant. I listen and I look a lot. Nobody didn't say, 'Oh, your father died.' ... Then I saw my sister. I saw her face. I knew."
The heralded Jamaican reggae star is the namesake of the new film “Bob Marley: One Love,” released in theaters Feb. 14. Producers include his widow, Rita Marley, and two of his kids, Ziggy Marley and Cedella Marley. Kingsley Ben-Adir, Lashana Lynch and James Norton star.
Ziggy Marley, plus Lynch and Ben-Adir, previously shared with TODAY.com what it was like to bring Bob Marley's life story to the big screen. Read on to learn more about the music icon's life.
Who are Bob Marley’s parents?
Norval Marley and Cedella Booker had Robert Nesta Marley in 1945. The film briefly mentions them in select scenes, but does not go in depth about how they met.
In the scenes, an adult Bob Marley, portrayed by Ben-Adir, grapples with never really knowing his dad, who did not claim him, and having a mom who lived in the U.S. when he was in Jamaica.
Ben-Adir says he listened to the singer's discography to help him with his character development.
"Every week, I'd change an album. I was shifting between all of the music as we were filming. And the last song I really studied was 'So Jah S'eh' in Jamaica and I think that song has really stayed with me."
The song, which highlights Marley's Rastafarian religion, is a song about unity, hope and the need for social justice.
"Not one of my seeds shall sit on the sidewalk and beg bread," the lyrics say. "And verily, verily, I'm saying unto thee, ignite oneself and love humanity."
Who are Bob Marley’s children?
The "One Love" singer had 12 children.
Bob Marley had his three oldest children, Cedella Marley, Ziggy Marley and Stephen Marley, with his widow, Rita Marley, in 1967, 1968 and 1972, respectively. Bob Marley also adopted two of her kids, Sharon Marley, whom Rita Marley had in 1964 before marrying the singer, and Stephanie Marley, born in 1974. Rita Marley's sixth child, Serita Stewart, was born in 1985, after Marley’s death.
Bob Marley also had Rohan Marley with Janet Hunt and Robbie Marley with Pat Williams in 1972. The reggae legend had Karen Marley the next year with Janet Bowen and Julian Marley in 1975 with Lucy Pounder. In 1976, Ky-Mani Marley was born to the singer and Anita Belnavis, a table tennis champion in Jamaica. Two years later, in 1978, Damian Marley was born to Cindy Breakspeare, a jazz musician and model who was crowned Miss World in 1976. Lastly, Bob Marley had Makeda Jahnesta in 1981 with Yvette Crichton.
Ziggy Marley tells TODAY.com that his father’s life and legacy was all about “being a good human (and) being, really, someone who is of service to others.”
“Not a selfish person — (he’s) a good example for all of us as human beings going into sacrifice for the betterment of the community and the people,” he added.
Keep reading to learn more about Bob Marley and the true story behind the film.
How did Bob Marley die?
Marley died of malignant melanoma, a form of skin cancer, found when getting treatment for a foot injury sustained during a game of soccer. He was diagnosed in 1977 and died four years later at the age of 36.
One year before his diagnosis, the singer survived an assassination attempt, in which his wife was shot in the head. Rita Marley also survived the shooting.
Although there's still debate over who shot Bob Marley and his wife, the documentary about the shooting, "Who Shot The Sheriff? A Bob Marley Story," says that it was politically motivated.
Where is Bob Marley buried?
Marley is buried at a mausoleum in his honor in Nine Mile, Jamaica, his birthplace. Fans may visit and tour the burial grounds.
"I don't have to go there to visit my dad," Ziggy Marley said.
"Anywhere I go, I can visit my dad spiritually," he added. "We're spiritual people, so we live in that world. We'll visit him or he visits me every now and again."
Where is Bob Marley's wife, Rita Marley, now?
Rita Marley currently lives in Miami. The couple married in 1966.
After Marley's death in 1981, she converted their home in Kingston to the Bob Marley Museum in 1987 and founded the Bob Marley Foundation in 1986. She continues his work of loving people through these initiatives.
Lynch, who portrays Rita Marley in the film, met her on a few occasions and says her presence has a "kind of effect."
"Going in just with my knowledge I had already about her as one of Jamaican heritage, I had an abundance of respect and love for her from afar," Lynch says. "It was wonderful."
"She was open and giving and loving, and just has such a generous spirit that it felt like anything that I needed was going to be provided just energetically," she continues. "And I really appreciate her opening her doors for me because she didn't have to. So to do that on multiple occasions felt like an honor."
What did Ziggy Marley tell Hoda about his family on the ‘Making Space’ podcast?
Ziggy Marley opened up on the Feb. 28 episode of “Making Space with Hoda Kotb” about his father’s last words to him not long before Bob Marley died.
“I was, like, peeping through the window," Ziggy Marley said. "And he was like, ‘Come here.’ So, I went in, and he was like, ‘Hey ... well, young Bob, I have a song for you.’ And he said these words: ‘On your way up, take me up. On your way down, don’t let me down.’”
Shortly after, Ziggy Marley said he learned his dad had died while visiting his grandmother in Miami. Ziggy Marley was 12 at the time.
“I think I was downstairs and the call came,” he said. “I told you I’m very observant. I listen and I look a lot. Nobody didn’t say, ‘Oh, your father died.’ ... Then I saw my sister. I saw her face. I knew.”
Before Bob Marley's passing, Ziggy Marley said he tried to cut a deal with God that he'd be "a good boy" if he could see his father one more time. He also told Hoda that as a spiritual person, his father has never really left him.
"His presence is in me. I'm a part of his presence. And every now and again, I can see him in me. I can feel him in me and I can see some of his actions in me," Ziggy Marley said.
Ziggy Marley said looking back, he wishes he had spent more time with his father during his last days to make decisions on his end-of-life care.
"He had a lot of people around him, but I don’t think he had the right people around him," Ziggy Marley said.
"He was working hard and he was sick, and nobody could, like, pull the plug (and let him rest and heal)," he said. "It's like those guys around him were — I don't respect that at all."
"So I wish that I was around, if I could have given him the right advice. He wasn't getting it right," he said.
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wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
1
| 29
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attempted_assassination_of_Bob_Marley
|
en
|
Attempted assassination of Bob Marley
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico
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2018-04-10T17:17:54+00:00
|
en
|
/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attempted_assassination_of_Bob_Marley
|
1976 assassination attempt on Bob Marley
Bob Marley assassination attemptLocationHope Road, Kingston, JamaicaCoordinatesDateDecember 3, 1976; 47 years ago ( )
8:55 (Eastern Time)TargetBob MarleyInjured
Bob Marley
Rita Marley
Don Taylor
Louis Griffiths
PerpetratorSeven armed gunmen (mainly Lester Lloyd Coke)MotiveTo halt the "politically progressive" music of Marley
On December 3, 1976, seven armed men raided the residence of reggae musician Bob Marley in Kingston, Jamaica, two days before Marley was to stage a concert in an attempt to quell recent violence [clarification needed]. Politicians from across the political spectrum hoped to capitalize on Marley's support. While Marley remained neutral, many viewed him as tacitly supporting the prime minister Michael Manley and his democratic socialist People's National Party (PNP).[1] Marley and four others were shot, but all survived.
Attack
[edit]
At 8:30pm, on December 3, 1976, two days before the Smile Jamaica Concert, seven men armed with guns raided Marley's house at 56 Hope Road. Marley and his band were on break from rehearsal. Marley's wife, Rita, was shot in the head in her car in the driveway. The gunmen shot Marley in the chest and arm. His manager, Don Taylor, was shot in the legs and torso. Band employee Louis Griffiths took a bullet to his torso as well. There were no fatalities.[2][page needed]
Bob Marley told concert chairman Trevor Philips that the leader of the Jamaican Labour Party, Edward Seaga – Michael Manley's political opponent – was alleged to have ordered his bodyguard, Lester "Jim Brown" Coke, to be present during the shooting. Nancy Burke, Marley's neighbour and friend, recalled hearing Wailers percussionist Alvin Patterson say "Is Seaga men! Dem come fi kill Bob!" After the shooting, numerous reports indicated that the gunmen returned to Tivoli Gardens, a neighbourhood loyal to the JLP and home to the notorious Shower Posse.[3][page needed]
After the shooting, the American embassy sent a cable titled "Reggae Star Shot: Motive probably political". In the cable, Ambassador Gerard wrote:
"Some see the incident as an attempt by JLP gunmen to halt the concert, which would feature the "politically progressive" music of Marley and other reggae stars. Others see it as a deep-laid plot to create a progressive, youthful Jamaican martyr to the benefit of the PNP. Those holding the latter view note that the four persons shot, three of them including Marley, only suffered minor wounds."[4]: 370
Timothy White, in his Marley biography, claimed that information he received from JLP and PNP officials, as well as US law enforcement officials, led him to believe that Carl Byah "Mitchell", a JLP gunman, was contracted by the CIA to organize the Marley shooting and that Lester Coke, aka Jim Brown, led the charge on Hope Road.[4]: 474 Don Taylor, Marley's manager, claimed that both he and Marley were present at court in which the gunmen who shot Marley were tried and executed. According to Taylor, before one of the shooters was killed, he claimed the job was done for the CIA in exchange for cocaine and guns.[5]: Loc 1445
Aftermath
[edit]
Despite the shooting, Marley promised he would perform one song at the Smile Jamaica Concert on December 5 at National Heroes Park, Kingston. In the event, Bob Marley & The Wailers played for 90 minutes.[6][7]
See also
[edit]
A Brief History of Seven Killings by Marlon James
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Marley
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Jamaican reggae musician (1945–1981)
"Marley" redirects here. For other uses, see Marley (disambiguation) and Bob Marley (disambiguation).
Robert Nesta Marley (6 February 1945 – 11 May 1981) was a Jamaican reggae singer, guitarist, and songwriter. Considered one of the pioneers of the genre, he fused elements of reggae, ska and rocksteady and was renowned for his distinctive vocal and songwriting style.[2][3] Marley increased the visibility of Jamaican music worldwide and made him a global figure in popular culture.[4][5] He became known as a Rastafarian icon, and he infused his music with a sense of spirituality.[6] Marley is also considered a global symbol of Jamaican music and culture and identity and was controversial in his outspoken support for democratic social reforms.[7][8] Marley also supported the legalisation of cannabis and advocated for Pan-Africanism.[9] In 1976, Marley survived an assassination attempt in his home, which was believed to be politically motivated.[10]
Born in Nine Mile, Jamaica, Marley began his career in 1963, after forming the group Teenagers with Peter Tosh and Bunny Wailer, which became the Wailers. In 1965, they released their debut studio album, The Wailing Wailers, which included the single "One Love", a reworking of "People Get Ready". It was popular worldwide and established the group as a rising figure in reggae.[11] The Wailers released 11 more studio albums, and after signing to Island Records, changed their name to Bob Marley and the Wailers. While initially employing louder instrumentation and singing, they began engaging in rhythmic-based song construction in the late 1960s and early 1970s, which coincided with Marley's conversion to Rastafari. Around this time, Marley relocated to London, and the group embodied their musical shift with the release of the album The Best of The Wailers (1971).[12]
Bob Marley and the Wailers began to gain international attention after signing to Island and touring in support of the albums Catch a Fire and Burnin' (both 1973). Following their disbandment a year later, Marley carried on under the band's name.[13] The album Natty Dread (1974) received positive reviews. In 1975, following the global popularity of Eric Clapton's version of Marley's "I Shot the Sheriff",[14] Marley had his international breakthrough with his first hit outside Jamaica, a live version of "No Woman, No Cry", from the Live! album.[15] This was followed by his breakthrough album in the United States, Rastaman Vibration (1976), which reached the Top 50 of the Billboard Soul Charts.[16] A few months later, Marley survived an assassination attempt at his home in Jamaica and permanently relocated to London. There, he recorded the album Exodus, which incorporated elements of blues, soul, and British rock and had commercial and critical success. In 1977, Marley was diagnosed with acral lentiginous melanoma; he died in May 1981, shortly after baptism into the Ethiopian Orthodox Church. Fans around the world expressed their grief, and he received a state funeral in Jamaica.
The greatest hits album Legend was released in 1984 and became the best-selling reggae album of all time.[17] Marley also ranks as one of the best-selling music artists of all time, with estimated sales of more than 75 million records worldwide.[18] He was posthumously honoured by Jamaica soon after his death with a designated Order of Merit by his nation. In 1994, Marley was posthumously inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Rolling Stone ranked him No. 11 on its list of the 100 Greatest Artists of All Time.[19] and No. 98 on its list of the 200 Greatest Singers of All Time.[20] His other achievements include a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award, a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, and induction into the Black Music & Entertainment Walk of Fame.
Early life
Marley was born on 6 February 1945 at the farm of his maternal grandfather in Nine Mile, Saint Ann Parish, Jamaica, to Norval Sinclair Marley and Cedella Malcolm.[21] Norval was a white Jamaican born in Clarendon Parish.[22][23] Norval went by the moniker "Captain", despite only having been a private in the British Army.[24] At the time of his marriage to Cedella Malcolm, an Afro-Jamaican then 18 years old, Norval was supervising a subdivision of land for war veteran housing, and he was about 64 years old at the time of Bob Marley's birth.[22][24][25] Norval, who provided little financial support for his wife and child and rarely saw them,[22] died when Marley was 10 years old.[26]
Some sources state that Marley's birth name was Nesta Robert Marley, with a story that when Marley was still a boy, a Jamaican passport official reversed his first and middle names because Nesta sounded like a girl's name.[27][28] Marley's biographer has refuted claims by some cousins that the Marley surname had Syrian-Jewish origins.[22][29]
Marley's maternal grandfather, Omariah, known as a Myal, was an early musical influence on Marley.[22] Marley began to play music with Neville Livingston, later known as Bunny Wailer, while at Stepney Primary and Junior High School in Nine Mile, where they were childhood friends.[30][31][32]
At age 12, Marley left Nine Mile with his mother and moved to the Trenchtown section of Kingston. Marley's mother and Thadeus Livingston, Bunny Wailer's father, had a daughter together named Claudette Pearl,[33] who was a younger sister to both Bob and Bunny. With Marley and Livingston living together in the same house in Trenchtown, their musical explorations deepened to include the new ska music and the latest R&B from United States radio stations whose broadcasts reached Jamaica.[34] Marley formed a vocal group with Bunny Wailer and Peter Tosh. The line-up was known variously as the Teenagers, the Wailing Rudeboys, the Wailing Wailers, and finally just the Wailers. Joe Higgs, who was part of the successful vocal act Higgs and Wilson, lived nearby and encouraged Marley.[35] Marley and the others did not play any instruments at this time and were more interested in being a vocal harmony group. Higgs helped them develop their vocal harmonies and began teaching Marley guitar.[36][37]
Marley's mother later married Edward Booker, a civil servant from the United States, giving Marley two half-brothers: Richard and Anthony.[38][39]
Career
1962–1972: Early years
In February 1962, Marley recorded four songs, "Judge Not", "One Cup of Coffee", "Do You Still Love Me?" and "Terror", at Federal Studios for local music producer Leslie Kong.[40] Three of the songs were released on Beverley's with "One Cup of Coffee" being released under the pseudonym Bobby Martell.[41]
In 1963, Bob Marley, Bunny Wailer, Peter Tosh, Junior Braithwaite, Beverley Kelso, and Cherry Smith were called the Teenagers. They later changed the name to the Wailing Rudeboys, then to the Wailing Wailers, at which point they were discovered by record producer Coxsone Dodd, and finally to the Wailers. Their single "Simmer Down" for the Coxsone label became a Jamaican No. 1 in February 1964 selling an estimated 70,000 copies.[42] The Wailers, now regularly recording for Studio One, found themselves working with established Jamaican musicians such as Ernest Ranglin (arranger "It Hurts To Be Alone"),[43] the keyboardist Jackie Mittoo and saxophonist Roland Alphonso. By 1966, Braithwaite, Kelso, and Smith had left the Wailers, leaving the core trio of Bob Marley, Bunny Wailer, and Peter Tosh.[44]
In 1966, Marley married Rita Anderson, and moved near his mother's residence in Wilmington, Delaware, in the United States for a short time, during which he worked as a DuPont lab assistant, and on the assembly line and as a fork lift operator at a Chrysler plant in nearby Newark, under the alias Donald Marley.[45][46]
Though raised Catholic, Marley became interested in Rastafari beliefs in the 1960s, when away from his mother's influence.[47] After returning to Jamaica, Marley formally converted to Rastafari and began to grow dreadlocks.
After a financial disagreement with Dodd, Marley and his band teamed up with Lee "Scratch" Perry and his studio band, the Upsetters. Although the alliance lasted less than a year, they recorded what many consider the Wailers' finest work. Marley and Perry split after a dispute regarding the assignment of recording rights, but they would continue to work together.[48]
1969 brought another change to Jamaican popular music, where the beat slowed down even further. The new beat was a slow, steady, ticking rhythm that was first heard on the Maytals song "Do the Reggay". Marley approached producer Leslie Kong, who was regarded as one of the major developers of the reggae sound. For the recordings, Kong combined the Wailers with his studio musicians called Beverley's All-Stars, which consisted of bassists Lloyd Parks and Jackie Jackson, drummer Paul Douglas, keyboardists Gladstone Anderson and Winston Wright, and guitarists Rad Bryan, Lynn Taitt, and Hux Brown.[49] As David Moskowitz writes, "The tracks recorded in this session illustrated the Wailers' earliest efforts in the new reggae style. Gone are the ska trumpets and saxophones of the earlier songs, with instrumental breaks now being played by the electric guitar." The songs recorded would be released as the album The Best of The Wailers, including tracks "Soul Shakedown Party", "Stop That Train", "Caution", "Go Tell it on the Mountain", "Soon Come", "Can't You See", "Soul Captives", "Cheer Up", "Back Out" and "Do It Twice".[49]
Between 1968 and 1972, Bob and Rita Marley, Peter Tosh and Bunny Wailer re-cut some old tracks with JAD Records in Kingston and London in an attempt to commercialise the Wailers' sound. Bunny later asserted that those songs "should never be released on an album... they were just demos for record companies to listen to". In 1968, Bob and Rita visited songwriter Jimmy Norman at his apartment in the Bronx. Norman had written the extended lyrics for "Time is on My Side" (recorded by Irma Thomas and the Rolling Stones) and had also written for Johnny Nash and Jimi Hendrix.[50] A three-day jam session with Norman and others, including Norman's co-writer Al Pyfrom, resulted in a 24-minute tape of Marley performing several of his own and Norman-Pyfrom's compositions. According to reggae archivist Roger Steffens, this tape is rare in that it was influenced by pop rather than reggae, as part of an effort to break Marley into the US charts.[50] According to an article in The New York Times, Marley experimented on the tape with various sounds, adopting a doo-wop style on "Stay With Me" and "the slow love song style of 1960s artists" on "Splish for My Splash".[50] He lived in Ridgmount Gardens, Bloomsbury, during 1972.[51]
1972–1974: Move to Island Records
In 1972, Bob Marley signed with CBS Records in London and embarked on a UK tour with soul singer Johnny Nash.[52] While in London the Wailers asked their road manager Brent Clarke to introduce them to Chris Blackwell, who had licensed some of their Coxsone releases for his Island Records. The Wailers intended to discuss the royalties associated with these releases; instead, the meeting resulted in the offer of an advance of £4,000 to record an album.[53] Since Jimmy Cliff, Island's top reggae star, had recently left the label, Blackwell was primed for a replacement. In Marley, Blackwell recognised the elements needed to snare the rock audience: "I was dealing with rock music, which was really rebel music. I felt that would really be the way to break Jamaican music. But you needed someone who could be that image. When Bob walked in he really was that image."[54] The Wailers returned to Jamaica to record at Harry J's in Kingston, which resulted in the album Catch a Fire.
Primarily recorded on an eight-track, Catch a Fire marked the first time a reggae band had access to a state-of-the-art studio and were accorded the same care as their rock 'n' roll peers.[54] Blackwell desired to create "more of a drifting, hypnotic-type feel than a reggae rhythm",[55] and restructured Marley's mixes and arrangements. Marley travelled to London to supervise Blackwell's overdubbing of the album at Island Studios, which included tempering the mix from the bass-heavy sound of Jamaican music and omitting two tracks.[54]
The Wailers' first album for Island, Catch a Fire, was released worldwide in April 1973, packaged like a rock record with a unique Zippo lighter lift-top. Initially selling 14,000 units, it received a positive critical reception.[54] It was followed later that year by the album Burnin', which included the song "I Shot the Sheriff". Eric Clapton was given the album by his guitarist George Terry in the hope that he would enjoy it.[56] Clapton was impressed and chose to record a cover version of "I Shot the Sheriff", which became his first US hit since "Layla" two years earlier and reached number 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 on 14 September 1974.[57] Many Jamaicans were not keen on the new reggae sound on Catch a Fire, but the Trenchtown style of Burnin found fans across both reggae and rock audiences.[54]
During this period, Blackwell gifted his Kingston residence and company headquarters at 56 Hope Road (then known as Island House) to Marley. Housing Tuff Gong Studios, the property became not only Marley's office but also his home.[54]
The Wailers were scheduled to open 17 shows in the US for Sly and the Family Stone. After four shows, the band was fired because they were more popular than the acts they were opening for.[58] The Wailers disbanded in 1974, with each of the three main members pursuing a solo career.
1974–1976: Line-up changes and shooting
Despite the break-up, Marley continued recording as "Bob Marley & The Wailers". His new backing band included brothers Carlton and Aston "Family Man" Barrett on drums and bass respectively, Junior Marvin and Al Anderson on lead guitar, Tyrone Downie and Earl "Wya" Lindo on keyboards, and Alvin "Seeco" Patterson on percussion. The "I Threes", consisting of Judy Mowatt, Marcia Griffiths, and Marley's wife, Rita, provided backing vocals. In 1975, Marley had his international breakthrough with his first hit outside Jamaica with a live version of "No Woman, No Cry", from the Live! album.[15] This was followed by his breakthrough album in the United States, Rastaman Vibration (1976), which reached the Top 50 of the Billboard Soul Charts.[16]
On 3 December 1976, two days before "Smile Jamaica", a free concert organised by Jamaican Prime Minister Michael Manley in an attempt to ease tension between two warring political groups, Bob Marley, Rita, and manager Don Taylor were wounded in an assault by unknown gunmen inside Marley's home. Taylor and Rita sustained serious injuries but later made full recoveries. Marley sustained minor wounds in the chest and arm.[59] The attempt on his life was believed to have been politically motivated, as many felt that Smile Jamaica was actually a support rally for Manley. Nonetheless, the concert proceeded, and an injured Marley performed as scheduled, two days after the attempt. The members of the group Zap Pow played as Bob Marley's backup band before a festival crowd of 80,000 while members of The Wailers were still missing or in hiding.[60][61]
1976–1979: Relocation to England
Marley left Jamaica at the end of 1976, and after a month-long "recovery and writing" sojourn at the site of Chris Blackwell's Compass Point Studios in Nassau, Bahamas, arrived in England, where he spent two years in self-imposed exile.
Whilst in England, he recorded the albums Exodus and Kaya. Exodus stayed on the British album charts for 56 consecutive weeks. It included four UK hit singles: "Exodus", "Waiting in Vain", "Jamming", and "One Love" (which interpolates Curtis Mayfield's hit, "People Get Ready"). During his time in London, Marley was arrested and convicted of possession of a small quantity of cannabis.[62] In 1978, Marley returned to Jamaica and performed at another political concert, the One Love Peace Concert, again in an effort to calm warring parties. Near the end of the performance, by Marley's request, Michael Manley (leader of then-ruling People's National Party) and his political rival Edward Seaga (leader of the opposing Jamaica Labour Party) joined each other on stage and shook hands.[63]
Under the name Bob Marley and the Wailers, 11 albums were released, four live albums and seven studio albums. The releases included Babylon by Bus, a double live album with 13 tracks, was released in 1978 and received critical acclaim. This album, and specifically the final track "Jamming", with the audience in a frenzy, captured the intensity of Marley's live performances.[64]
1979–1980: Later years
Survival, a defiant and politically charged album, was released in 1979. Tracks such as "Zimbabwe", "Africa Unite", "Wake Up and Live" and "Survival" reflected Marley's support for the struggles of Africans. His appearance at the Amandla Festival in Boston in July 1979 showed his strong opposition to South African apartheid, which he already had shown in his song "War" in 1976.
In early 1980, Marley was invited to perform at a 17 April celebration of Zimbabwe's Independence Day.[66]
Uprising (1980) was Marley's final studio album and the last album that was released during his lifetime. It is one of his most religious productions, as it includes "Redemption Song" and "Forever Loving Jah".[67]
Confrontation, released posthumously in 1983, contained unreleased material recorded during Marley's lifetime, including the hit "Buffalo Soldier" and new mixes of singles previously only available in Jamaica.[68]
Personal life
Religion and beliefs
Marley was a longtime member of the Rastafari movement, whose culture was a key element in the development of reggae. He became an ardent proponent of Rastafari, taking its music out of the socially deprived areas of Jamaica and onto the international music scene.[69] As part of being a Rastafarian, Marley felt that Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia was an incarnation of God or "Jah".[70] However, later in life, he ended up converting to Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity and was baptised by Archbishop Abuna Yesehaq in the presence of his wife Rita Marley and their children, with the name of Berhane Selassie, on 4 November 1980, shortly before his death.[71][72]
As a Rastafarian, Marley supported the legalisation of cannabis or "ganja", which Rastafarians believe is an aid to meditation.[73] Marley began to use cannabis when he converted to the Rastafari faith from Catholicism in 1966. Marley was arrested in 1968 after being caught with cannabis but continued to use marijuana in accordance with his religious beliefs. Of his marijuana usage, Marley said, "When you smoke herb, herb reveal yourself to you. All the wickedness you do, the herb reveal itself to yourself, your conscience, show up yourself clear, because herb make you meditate. Is only a natural t'ing and it grow like a tree."[74] Marley saw marijuana usage as a vital factor in religious growth and connection with Jah, and as a way to philosophise and become wiser.[75]
Marley was a Pan-Africanist and believed in the unity of African people worldwide. His beliefs were rooted in his Rastafari religious beliefs.[76] Marley was substantially inspired by Marcus Garvey and had anti-imperialist and pan-Africanist themes in many of his songs, such as "Zimbabwe", "Exodus", "Survival", "Blackman Redemption" and "Redemption Song." The lattermost draws influence from a 1937 speech given by Marcus Garvey in Nova Scotia.[77] Marley held that independence of African countries from European domination was a victory for all those in the African diaspora. In the song "Africa Unite", he sings of a desire for all peoples of the African diaspora to come together and fight against "Babylon"; similarly, in the song "Zimbabwe", Marley marks the liberation of the whole continent of Africa, and evokes calls for unity between all Africans, both within and outside Africa.[78]
Family
Marley married Alfarita Constantia "Rita" Anderson in Kingston, Jamaica, on 10 February 1966.[79] He had many children: three were born to his wife Rita, and two additional children were adopted from Rita's previous relationships as his own, and they have the Marley name. The official Bob Marley website acknowledges 11 children.
Those listed on the official site are:[80]
Sharon, born 23 November 1964, daughter of Rita from a previous relationship, but then adopted by Marley after his marriage with Rita
Cedella, born 23 August 1967, to Rita
David "Ziggy", born 17 October 1968, to Rita
Stephen, born 20 April 1972, to Rita
Robert "Robbie", born 16 May 1972, to Pat Williams
Rohan, born 19 May 1972, to Janet Hunt
Karen Marley, born 1973, to Janet Bowen
Stephanie Marley, born 17 August 1974 to Rita and Owen "Ital Tacky" Stewart a former Jamaican soccer player. Nonetheless, Bob adopted Stephanie as one of his own which entitled her to his estate.[81]
Julian, born 4 June 1975, to Lucy Pounder
Ky-Mani, born 26 February 1976, to Anita Belnavis
Damian, born 21 July 1978, to Cindy Breakspeare
Other sites have noted additional individuals who claim to be family members,[82] as noted below:
Makeda was born on 30 May 1981, to Yvette Crichton, after Marley's death.[83] Meredith Dixon's book lists her as Marley's child, but she is not listed as such on the Bob Marley official website.
Various websites, for example,[84] also list Imani Carole, born 22 May 1963, to Cheryl Murray; but she does not appear on the official Bob Marley website.[83]
Marley also has several notable grandchildren, including musicians Skip Marley and YG Marley, American football player Nico Marley, model Selah Marley, and filmmaker Donisha Prendergast.[85]
Aside from music, association football played a major role throughout Marley's life. As well as playing the game, in parking lots, fields, and even inside recording studios, Marley followed the Brazilian club Santos and its star player Pelé growing up and was also a supporter of English football club Tottenham Hotspur and Argentine midfielder Ossie Ardiles, who played for the club for a decade beginning in 1978.[87]
Marley surrounded himself with people from the sport, and in the 1970s, made the Jamaican international footballer Allan "Skill" Cole his tour manager. Marley told a journalist, "If you want to get to know me, you will have to play football against me and the Wailers."
Automobiles
Two of the cars that Marley owned were BMWs, a 1602 and then an E3 2500. He purchased these because of the name. Marley said BMW stood for Bob Marley and the Wailers.[88]
Illness
In July 1977, Marley was diagnosed with a type of malignant melanoma under the nail of his right big toe.[89] Contrary to urban legend, this lesion was not primarily caused by an injury during a football match that year but was instead a symptom of already-existing cancer.[90] Marley had to see two doctors before a biopsy was done, which confirmed acral lentiginous melanoma. Unlike other melanomas, which usually appear on skin exposed to the sun, acral lentiginous melanoma occurs in places that are easy to miss, such as the soles of the feet, or under toenails. Although it is the most common melanoma in people with dark skin, it is not widely recognised and was not mentioned in the most popular medical textbook of the time.[91]
Marley rejected his doctors' advice to have his toe amputated, which would have hindered Marley's performing career, citing his religious beliefs. Instead, the nail and nail bed were removed, and a skin graft was taken from his thigh to cover the area.[92][93] Despite his illness, Marley continued touring and was in the process of scheduling a 1980 world tour.[94]
The album Uprising was released in May 1980. The band completed a major tour of Europe, where it played its biggest concert to 100,000 people at San Siro stadium in Milan, Italy. After the tour, Marley went to the United States, where he performed two shows at Madison Square Garden in New York City as part of the Uprising Tour.[95] On 21 September 1980, Marley collapsed while jogging in Central Park and was taken to the hospital, where it was found that his cancer had spread to his brain, lungs, and liver.[96] Marley's last concert took place two days later at the Stanley Theater (now The Benedum Center For The Performing Arts) in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.[97] The only known photographs from the show were included in Kevin Macdonald's 2012 documentary film Marley.[98]
Death
After eight months of the alternative treatment failing to effectively treat his advancing cancer, Marley boarded a plane for his home in Jamaica.[99] During the flight, his vital functions worsened. After landing in Miami, Florida, Marley was taken to Cedars of Lebanon Hospital, later renamed University of Miami Hospital, for urgent medical attention, where he died on 11 May 1981, at the age of 36, due to the spread of melanoma to his lungs and brain. Marley's final words to his son Ziggy were: "On your way up, take me up. On your way down, don't let me down."[100]
On 21 May 1981, Marley was given a state funeral in Jamaica that combined elements of Ethiopian Orthodoxy[101][102] and Rastafari tradition.[103] He was buried in a chapel near his birthplace in Nine Mile; Marley's casket contained his red Gibson Les Paul guitar, a Bible opened at Psalm 23, and a stalk of ganja placed there by his widow Rita Marley.[104] Jamaican Prime Minister Edward Seaga delivered the final funeral eulogy to Marley, saying:
His voice was an omnipresent cry in our electronic world. His sharp features, majestic looks, and prancing style a vivid etching on the landscape of our minds. Bob Marley was never seen. He was an experience which left an indelible imprint with each encounter. Such a man cannot be erased from the mind. He is part of the collective consciousness of the nation.[65]: 58
Legacy
Awards and honours
1976: Rolling Stone magazine's "Band of the Year"
June 1978: Awarded the Peace Medal of the Third World from the United Nations[65]: 5
February 1981: Awarded the Jamaican Order of Merit, then the nation's third-highest honour[105]
March 1994: Inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
1999: "Album of the Century" for Exodus by Time magazine[106]
February 2001: A star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame
February 2001: Awarded Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award.[107]
2004: Rolling Stone ranked him 11th on their list of the "100 Greatest Artists of All Time"[19]
Among the first inductees into the UK Music Hall of Fame
"One Love" named song of the millennium by BBC
Voted one of the greatest lyricists of all time by a BBC poll[108]
2006: A blue plaque at his first UK residence in Ridgmount Gardens in London, dedicated to him by the Nubian Jak Community Trust and supported by the Mayor of London[109][110][111]
2010: Catch a Fire inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame (Reggae Album)[112]
2022: Inducted into the Black Music & Entertainment Walk of Fame[113]
Other tributes
A statue was inaugurated, next to the national stadium on Arthur Wint Drive in Kingston to commemorate Marley.[114] In 2006, the New York City Department of Education co-named a portion of Church Avenue from Remsen Avenue to East 98th Street in the East Flatbush section of Brooklyn as "Bob Marley Boulevard."[115][116] In 2008, a statue of Marley was inaugurated in Banatski Sokolac, Serbia.[117]
Internationally, Marley's message also continues to reverberate among various indigenous communities. For instance, members of the Native American Hopi and Havasupai tribes revere his work.[65] There are also many tributes to Marley throughout India, including restaurants, hotels, and cultural festivals.[118][119]
Marley evolved into a global symbol, which has been endlessly merchandised through a variety of media. Despite this, author Dave Thompson lamented what he perceived to be the pacification of Marley that came with his commercialisation, stating:
Bob Marley ranks among both the most popular and the most misunderstood figures in modern culture ... That the machine has utterly emasculated Marley is beyond doubt. Gone from the public record is the ghetto kid who dreamed of Che Guevara and the Black Panthers, and pinned their posters up in the Wailers Soul Shack record store; who believed in freedom; and the fighting which it necessitated, and dressed the part on an early album sleeve; whose heroes were James Brown and Muhammad Ali; whose God was Ras Tafari and whose sacrament was marijuana. Instead, the Bob Marley who surveys his kingdom today is smiling benevolence, a shining sun, a waving palm tree, and a string of hits which tumble out of polite radio like candy from a gumball machine. Of course it has assured his immortality. But it has also demeaned him beyond recognition. Bob Marley was worth far more.[120]
Marley is discussed in the 2007 action thriller I Am Legend, where the protagonist named his daughter after him. Marley's music is also used in the film.[121][122]
Depictions in popular culture
Several film adaptations of Marley's life have been made. For instance, a feature-length documentary about his life, Rebel Music, won various awards at the Grammys. With contributions from Rita, The Wailers, and Marley's lovers and children, it also tells much of the story in his own words.[123] In February 2008, director Martin Scorsese announced his intention to produce a documentary movie on Marley. The film was set to be released on 6 February 2010, on what would have been Marley's 65th birthday.[124] However, Scorsese dropped out due to scheduling problems. He was replaced by Jonathan Demme,[125] who dropped out due to creative differences with producer Steve Bing during the beginning of editing. Kevin Macdonald replaced Demme[126] and the film, Marley, was released on 20 April 2012.[127] In 2011, ex-girlfriend and filmmaker Esther Anderson, along with Gian Godoy, made the documentary Bob Marley: The Making of a Legend, which premiered at the Edinburgh International Film Festival.[128]
In October 2015, Jamaican author Marlon James's novel, A Brief History of Seven Killings, a fictional account of the attempted assassination of Marley, won the 2015 Man Booker Prize at a ceremony in London.[129]
In February 2020, Get Up, Stand Up! The Bob Marley Musical was announced by writer Lee Hall and director Dominic Cooke, starring Arinzé Kene as Bob Marley. It was premiered at London's Lyric Theatre on 20 October 2021, after being postponed from its original February premiere due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[130][131]
Bob Marley: One Love, an American biographical drama musical film directed by Reinaldo Marcus Green and starring Kingsley Ben-Adir as Marley, was released in the United States on 14 February 2024.[132]
Discography
Studio albums
The Wailing Wailers (1965)
Soul Rebels (1970)
Soul Revolution Part II (1971)
The Best of the Wailers (1971)
Catch a Fire (1973)
Burnin' (1973)
Natty Dread (1974)
Rastaman Vibration (1976)
Exodus (1977)[133]
Kaya (1978)
Survival (1979)
Uprising (1980)
Confrontation (1983)
See also
Biography portal
Cannabis portal
Jamaica portal
Desis bobmarleyi – an underwater spider species named in honour of Marley
Fabian Marley
List of peace activists
Outline of Bob Marley
References
Sources
Further reading
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Bob Marley’s last ride
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It's 40 years this week since Jamaica came to a halt for the funeral of its most famous son. What follows is an expanded version of the reports I wrote on that extraordinary day for The Times and the French magazine Rock & Folk. They buried Bob Marley on 21 May 1981 at Nine Mile,…
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thebluemoment.com
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https://thebluemoment.com/2021/05/20/bob-marleys-last-ride/
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It’s 40 years this week since Jamaica came to a halt for the funeral of its most famous son. What follows is an expanded version of the reports I wrote on that extraordinary day for The Times and the French magazine Rock & Folk.
They buried Bob Marley on 21 May 1981 at Nine Mile, the Jamaican hamlet where, 36 years earlier, he had been born. His heavy bronze coffin was carried to the top of the highest hill in the village and placed in a temporary mausoleum which had been painted in the colours of red, green and gold. Alongside Marley’s embalmed corpse, the casket contained his red Gibson Les Paul guitar, a Bible opened at Psalm 23, and a stalk of ganja placed there by his widow, Rita, at the end of the formal funeral ceremony.
In London 10 days earlier, a few hours after his death was announced, I’d gone to the Island studios in an old church on Basing Street in Notting Hill. I knew the members of Aswad were scheduled to be there, cutting tracks for a new album in the very basement room where Bob had finished off Catch A Fire, his breakthrough album, in 1972. But it was late, and the musicians had gone home after watching the tributes hastily assembled by the British television networks. The only people left in the building were the caretaker and a member of Aswad’s road crew, both Jamaicans.
“A sad day,” I said to them, unable to think of anything more profound or perceptive.
They raised their eyes, and the roadie paused in the middle of rolling a spliff.
“Jah give,” he said, “and Jah take away.”
And that was the mood in Kingston the following week, when Marley’s body arrived on a flight from Miami. There was no reason to grieve, the Rastas told anyone who asked. Death meant nothing. And Bob hadn’t really gone. He was still among us.
——–ooo0ooo——–
Since Jamaica was at that time almost certainly the only country in the world whose prime minister had once tried his hand at the production of pop records, it was perhaps not surprising that the announcement of the country’s national budget was postponed by several days in order to accommodate what amounted to a state funeral. It was necessary to send out invitations, to construct the mausoleum, and to organise the security at the National Arena, where the main ceremony would be held. And the prime minister, Edward Seaga, had to prepare the euology he would deliver during the service.
On the day before the funeral, the coffin was placed in the National Arena, a large gymnasium-like building. The lid was opened and members of the public were allowed to file past, taking a last look and delivering their final homage. Marley’s head was once more covered with dreadlocks; but this was a wig to cover his bald skull, his own locks having been lost during his treatment for cancer in hospitals in New York, Miami and Mexico, and finally in the Bavarian clinic of Dr Josef Issels.
In Jamaica, everyone claimed to have been Bob’s personal friend and everyone wanted to pay their last respects. The cab driver who picked me up at Norman Manley Airport knew immediately why I was there. When I asked him if he’d known Bob, he replied: “Sure I knew him. He smoked the ‘erb of life.” And he passed his spliff over his shoulder to his friend sitting in the back seat, a policeman.
In a single day, an estimated 100,000 people queued up to pass before Marley’s coffin, some of them returning two or three times. Many couldn’t get in and at times, when the crowd threatened to become unruly, the police used tear gas to thin them out.
The day of the funeral began with a service for family and close friends at the Ethiopian Orthodox Church of the Holy Trinity on Maxfield Street, presided over by His Eminence Abouna Yesehaq, Archbishop of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church in the Western Hemisphere, who had baptised Marley into membership of his church in New York the previous November. This was just after his triumphal concerts at Madison Square Garden, when his cancer had already been diagnosed. Bob’s baptismal name was Berhane Selassie — “Light of the Trinity”.
At the end of the hour-long service the coffin was transported to the National Arena, where 6,000 members of the congregation were assembled under the eyes of television cameras and reporters from around the world. Above the entrance to the hall, a huge banner proclaimed: “Funeral Service of the Honourable Robert Nesta Marley, OM”. The Order of Merit had been conferred on him by Seaga a few weeks before his death.
The casket was carried into the hall on the shoulders of a score of white-jacketed guards of the Jamaican Defence Force. Inside as well as out, a public address system blasted out Bob’s records, while in the surrounding avenues the hawkers of badges and posters worked the large crowd who had arrived without invitations and were prepared to listen to the ceremony over the loudspeakers.
“Babylon system is a vampire,” Bob’s voice wailed above the heads of the young soldiers who had rested their rifles against the temporary barriers. The coffin was deposited on a table in the middle of the broad stage and covered with two flags, the green, gold and black of Jamaica and the green, gold and red of Ethiopia. The stage decor was the work of Neville Garrick, the graphic designer who had become the art director of Tuff Gong, Marley’s record label, and the creator of all the Wailers’ sleeve art from Rastaman Vibration to Uprising. The rows of temporary seating on the arena floor were reserved for invited guests, but the balconies were open to the public and filled up quickly. Among the spectators were many small figures in the neat uniforms of Jamaican schoolchildren, given the day off from their lessons. On the floor, the rows were marked with signs: Family, Government, Press, Twelve Tribes of Israel, Musicians.
Photographers swiftly surrounded the seats reserved for the family as Cedella Booker, Bob’s mother, took her place, followed by his widow and some of his children, including his sons Ziggy, Stevie, Robert Jr and Julian, and his daughters Cedella and Stephanie. Applause saluted the dignified entry of Michael Manley, the former prime minister, whose pro-Cuba policies had provoked the disastrous enmity of the United States and the International Monetary Fund, and who had been deposed by Seaga at a general election six months earlier. The warmth of the welcome indicated that the Rastafarians, in particular, still saw Manley as the friend of the poor and the oppressed, and the contrast was obvious with the polite but tepid reception accorded to Seaga, who hurried to his seat practically engulfed by a crowd of uniformed guards.
Rumours of the presence of Diana Ross, Stevie Wonder and Roberta Flack turned out to be false. But the governor-general of Jamaica, Sir Florizel Glasspole, ON, GCMG, CD, the Queen of England’s representative, arrived from his official residence, the palatial King’s House, to provide an appropriate symbol of the island’s colonial history, a living reminder of the origins of most of those present, whose ancestors had been brought from Africa four centuries earlier to form the world’s only entirely slavery-based economy.
The formal guard of the Ethiopian Church, elderly men and women in white robes striped with the Rasta colours, took their places around the coffin. The stage was soon filled with the elders of the church, in robes of varied and vivid design. On the right of the platform a riser had been prepared for the church choir and for the United Africa Band, a group comprised of several percussionists, a bass guitarist and an organist, directed by Brother Cedric Brooks, the saxophonist more often found at the head of the band of Count Ossie, known as the Mystic Revelation of Rastafari. On the left, another riser was covered with amplifiers, keyboards and the drums, all stencilled with the legend “Bob Marley and the Wailers”.
A voice came over the PA. “Brothers and sisters, this is a funeral service for Bob Marley. Please don’t forget that. The selling of all merchandise must stop now.” In the row in front of me, the producer Harry J, accompanied by his protegée, the singer Sheila Hilton, was in the middle of a conversation with a neighbouring Rasta wearing a red, green and gold tam o’shanter. “There has to be revolution to get a solution,” the Rasta said. Harry J, immaculate in his glossy silk suit, didn’t seem to be in agreement. (I had last seen Harry J outside his studio nine years earlier, during the Catch A Fire sessions, when he had taken a silver Smith & Wesson revolver out of the glove compartment of his Oldsmobile and tucked it into his shoulder holster before heading inside. I wondered if he was wearing it to the funeral, but didn’t ask.)
A little while after the scheduled hour of 11 o’clock, the service began with a hymn, “O God Our Help in Ages Past”, led by Cedric Brooks and accompanied by his drummers. As the old Anglican melody died away, His Eminence Abouna Yesehaq, standing beneath a parasol held by an acolyte, read passages from the Anaphora of St John, Son of Thunder and from the Anaphora of St Mary in Geez and Amharic, the ancient tongues of Ethiopia. “Jah!” came the answering salutation from some members of the audience, clad in the raiment of the Twelve Tribes. “Rastafari!”
The Governor General stepped forward to read the first lesson, taken from the First Epistle of St Paul to the Corinthians, chapter 15, verses 20-38: “The last enemy that shall be destroyed is death.” The congregation sang another hymn, coincidentally a favourite of the late Elvis Presley: “Then sings my soul, my Saviour God, to Thee / How great Thou art, how great Thou art.” Michael Manley, in his guise as Leader of the Opposition, read from St Paul’s First Epistle to the Thessalonians, chapter three, verses 7-13: “Therefore, brethren, we were comforted over you in all our affliction and distress by your faith / For now we live, if ye stand fast in the Lord.”
Next, to the delight of the Rastafarians on the floor and in the balcony, it was the turn of Allan “Skill” Cole, Jamaica’s finest footballer and one of the dead man’s closest friends. His appearance barely tolerated by the elders of the Ethiopian Church, Cole had been scheduled to read from Psalm 68, which bears the subtitle “To the chief Musician, a Psalm or Song of David.” Instead, ignoring the text prepared for him by the elders, he announced that he intended to deliver passages from Corinthians and Isaiah particularly dear to Rasta hearts. Mutterings and shufflings among the church dignitaries on the platform were countered by the sounds of delighted approval from those clad, like Cole, in the robes of the Twelve Tribes. Their mood turned to riotous glee as the footballer refused to heed furious requests to leave the platform, instead continuing with his reading and finishing off by returning to his seat in triumph.
The Archbishop recovered himself in time to read the Beatitudes — “Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven” — and to lead the Lord’s Prayer before Edward Seaga, once a producer of ska records, made his appearance at the lectern to deliver his eulogy, which was memorable only for his closing benediction: “May his soul rest,” said the man in the business suit, “in the arms of Jah Rastafari.” Even the Twelve Tribes, otherwise opposed to Seaga’s worldview in every particular, could scarce forbear to cheer this unusually explicit acknowledgement of their existence within Jamaican society.
When the time came for the Archbishop to deliver his address, he took the opportunity to take his revenge on the seditious “Skill” Cole in the form of a direct message to the Rastas in the hall. Why advocate repatriation to Africa, he said, when it would profit them more to seek a better life in Jamaica? “Jah!” they shouted in defiant response to his words. “Rastafari!”
The most extraordinary moment of the ceremony, the most beautiful and the most African, came when the Wailers mounted the stage. The members of the Marley’s old band took over as Junior Marvin directed the guitarist Al Anderson, the bass and drums duo of Aston “Family Man” Barrett and his brother Carlie, and Alvin “Seeco” Patterson, the veteran percussionist. Ibo, Third World’s keyboards player, took the place of Tyrone Downie, who had arrived that morning wearing the robes of the Twelve Tribes but had been mysteriously denied entrance to the Arena. The I-Threes (Rita Marley, Judy Mowatt and Marcia Griffith) sang “Rastaman Chant” to a ponderous and mournful rhythm, before the Wailers struck up “Natural Mystic”.
It was during this song, while the crowd was getting to its feet and moving towards the edge of the stage to join what had suddenly been transformed from a solemn obsequy to a celebration of the dead man’s spirit, that Ziggy and Stevie Marley could be seen, dancing among the musicians. Respectively aged eight and six, identically dressed in maroon suits and white shoes, they performed joyous imitations of their late father’s skanking stage dance, and the resemblance was such that the crowd gasped at the sight. When the mixing engineer superimposed a recording of Bob’s voice above the band’s heavyweight dub rhythm, accompanied by waves of cheering from a concert audience, the effect was hallucinatory.
It was Cedella Booker, Bob’s mother, who closed the performance. Accompanied by two other women singers, she delivered “Amen” — a song first recorded by Curtis Mayfield and the Impressions, whose music had inspired the Wailers’ earliest efforts — in a powerful gospel voice, the crowd swaying to the rhythm. When she finished, the musicians put down their instruments, lifted the coffin on to their shoulders and carried it from the stage, followed by the family and other mourners through the hall and out into the roadway where, after the crowd had been moved aside, it was placed in a flatbed hearse, ready to begin the 50-mile journey back to where Bob Marley’s life had begun.
——–ooo0ooo——–
As the cortège left Kingston, it passed in front of the house at 56 Hope Road, which Chris Blackwell had given to Marley to be the Wailers’ hometown headquarters. Inside the house, a wall still bore the holes from the bullets that had narrowly failed to kill Bob during what appeared to be a politically motivated attack by a gunman in 1976, while Jamaica was under martial law.
Then the hearse passed the Alpha Catholic Boys’ School on South Camp Road, where many of Jamaica’s finest musicians — Don Drummond, Joe Harriott, Tommy McCook, Vin Gordon, Rico Rodriguez — had learned to play, under the direction of Ruben Delgado, an inspiring teacher. The current generation of pupils now stood outside to sing “No Woman, No Cry” as the procession headed towards Marcus Garvey Drive and out of the city on the road to Spanish Town.
Crossing the parish of St Catherine to the town of Bog Walk, where the road splits right towards Port Maria and left to Ocho Rios, the cars turned north-west through Linstead and Moneague, with the 1,000ft peak of Mount Friendship to the east, taking the left fork past Claremont into the parish of St Ann, skirting the northern foothills of the Dry Harbour Mountains and on through Brown’s Town. As they approached each settlement, the passengers could see that people had come out of their houses and schools and farms and workshops to stand by the roadside. Near Cotton Piece the open-backed hearse broke down and the coffin had to be put into a replacement van. Finally, in mid-afternoon, the dead man and his mourners arrived at Nine Mile, a hamlet set at the end of a single-track road among gentle, verdant red-clay hills.
A helicopter buzzed overhead, carrying a film crew, their cameras trained on slopes covered with white-robed figures. Rastas from all over the island had set off early to be in place when the procession arrived. Policeman cradling machine-guns were prepared for trouble yet, despite the crush as the coffin was removed from the hearse and carried up to the small temporary mausoleum, disorder was minimal.
Nine Mile turned out to be little more than a scattering of shanties, with one or two bars and a small single-storey stone building consecrated, according to a hand-written sign, to the use of the Holy Baptist Church of the Fire of God of the Americas. This was a place where workers in the sugar plantations set in the flatlands towards the sea had been allowed to build their modest homes and cultivate their own subsistence crops. It was here, on 6 February 1945, that Cedella Booker had brought a son into the world and that, only a few paces away from the mausoleum, in a two-room shack measuring about 20ft by 5ft, Bob and Rita Marley had returned for a year or two at the end of the ’60s, and here that they nurtured their own first child.
After a brief ceremony of interment, the convoy departed, followed by the police. Only the Rastas remained, wandering to and fro around the village and across the hills. For the last time, Junior Marvin and Neville Garrick climbed the little mound up to the mausoleum, picking their way through empty Red Stripe cans, the music they had helped to send around the world now throbbing from a dozen portable cassette players.
As the light began to fail, the vendors of ice creams and soft drinks began to pack up. The thump of the helicopter’s rotors receded as it wheeled away and headed south, back to Kingston. The white-robed members of the Twelve Tribes melted into the gathering dusk. Bob had come home.
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https://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/entertainment/20200510/who-shot-bob-marley
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en
|
Who shot Bob Marley?
|
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2020-05-10T00:15:51-05:00
|
Monday, May 11, marks 39 years since Robert Nesta Marley OM, died at the University of Miami Hospital in Florida. I was a youngster living on Sunflower Way in Mona Heights, Kingston, on December 3, 1976, when the reggae legend was shot at 56 Hope...
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en
|
https://jamaica-gleaner.com/sites/all/themes/gleaner/favicon.ico
|
https://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/entertainment/20200510/who-shot-bob-marley
|
Monday, May 11, marks 39 years since Robert Nesta Marley OM, died at the University of Miami Hospital in Florida. I was a youngster living on Sunflower Way in Mona Heights, Kingston, on December 3, 1976, when the reggae legend was shot at 56 Hope Road (the site of the Bob Marley Museum today) by unknown assailants. As news broke of the assassination attempt, a collective “mi caan believe it!” reverberated across Jamaica. To put it mildly, we were all in shock. Marley’s wife, Rita, and manager Don Taylor were seriously injured while a bullet grazed Marley’s chest and another lodged in his arm.
Marley was slated to perform at the free Smile Jamaica concert at National Heroes Park in Kingston two days after he was shot. A flyer advertising the event said, “Bob Marley, in association with the Cultural Section, Prime Minister’s (Michael Manley) office, presents Smile Jamaica, a public concert featuring Bob Marley and the Wailers and I Three. The concert was arranged to ease political tensions and gang warfare that had engulfed the country in the months leading up to the December 15, 1976, General Election.
Marley’s popularity was looming large in Europe and parts of the USA. He was revered by many and seen as a symbol of freedom. The attack, some say, was to send a strong message that he should not meddle in politics.
“I do not defend Marxism nor capitalism. We are strictly Rasta,” Marley once proclaimed in a television interview.
The answer to the ‘who shot Marley?’ question I found in a Marley documentary on Netflix titled Who Shot The Sheriff? that I recently stumbled upon. When Marley was once asked by TV host Gil Nobel if he knew his attacker(s), the reggae legend said, “At that time, no.” He later confessed that he knew who did it, however, admitting that no one was charged. The question that still lingers is whether Marley was attacked by assailants aligned to the political parties or was it the work of the CIA? While not naming the person who pulled the trigger, the documentary – directed by Kief Davidson (writers: Jeff Zimbalist & Michael Zimbalist) – interestingly places infamous Jamaican drug lord Jim Brown, father of Christopher ‘Dudus’ Coke, at the scene of the crime.
Reggae historian and musicologist Copeland Forbes, who will soon release his autobiography Reggae My Life, narrowly missed being there.
“That particular night, I was down by the Sheraton Hotel with Don Taylor (Marley’s manager),” he shared. The two were having discussions about a January 1977 concert at Madison Square Garden in New York with Burning Spear, Mighty Diamonds, and special guest Black Eagle, featuring Denroy Morgan (patriarch of reggae group Morgan Heritage).
After the meeting, Taylor asked Forbes to accompany him to 56 Hope Road, where Marley and the Wailers were rehearsing. He refused, opting to visit his mother, whom he had not seen since returning from abroad.
“When I was there (at his mother’s), I heard it on the news ... . I jumped into a taxi and went up there (56 Hope Rd). The place was cordoned off. Police were there. Bob had already gone to the hospital,” he disclosed.
“The thing that I learnt from watching the documentary that I did not know is the part about Jim Brown,” he told The Gleaner.
The 45-minute documentary is engaging and gives a bird’s eye view of the social unrest that plagued Jamaica in the 1970s. This was at the height of the Cold War between the USA and Russia. Unconfirmed reports are that the US government was tracking many pop musicians at the time, including Marley. The CIA was particularly concerned about the relationship between then Prime Minster Michael Manley and his socialist agenda and Cuban leader Fidel Castro. Some feared that Jamaica could follow Cuba into communism. The documentary comes to life with some never-before-seen archival news footage. Among the notables who were interviewed for the film were former Prime Minister Edward Seaga; former Information and Youth & Community Development Minister, Arnold Bertram; reggae artiste Jimmy Cliff; Tommy Cowan; Vivien Goldman; Diane Jobson; Wayne Jobson; Marley historian, Roger Steffens; Allan ‘Skill’ Cole; and Alvin ‘Seeco’ Patterson, among others.
|
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wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
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FactBench
|
3
| 10
|
https://www.smoothradio.com/artists/bob-marley/death-cause-explained-conspiracy/
|
en
|
How did Bob Marley die? The Wailers icon's untimely death explained 40 years on
|
https://imgs.smoothradio.com/images/50896?width=1200&crop=16_9&signature=kriXVYOeXRC4aDk1RHFOf6mKMJk=
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https://imgs.smoothradio.com/images/50896?width=1200&crop=16_9&signature=kriXVYOeXRC4aDk1RHFOf6mKMJk=
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[
"Tom Eames"
] |
2022-07-25T12:44:07+01:00
|
The reggae passed away in 1981, aged just 36. He left behind a legacy that lives on to this day, and music that still inspires and uplifts us.
|
en
|
/assets_v4r/smooth/img/favicon-16x16.png
|
Smooth
|
https://www.smoothradio.com/artists/bob-marley/death-cause-explained-conspiracy/
|
When and where did Bob Marley die?
Bob Marley passed away at the Cedars Of Lebanon Hospital in Miami on May 11, 1981.
His final words to his son Ziggy were "Money can't buy life."
Who is Bob Marley's wife Rita Marley? Singer's age, family, children and career explained
What was Bob Marley's cause of death?
Marley died from an acral lentiginous melanoma, which is a form of skin cancer.
He had been diagnosed in 1977, and it had spread from under a nail of his toe.
He first discovered melanoma while playing football in 1977. A foot injury seemed worse than usual, and got worse over time. After doctors discovered it was cancer, he was advised to have his toe amputated.
However, he refused as his Rastafarian faith considers it a sin to have any part of the body ‘temple’ removed. Instead, he agreed to a skin graft, but sadly this didn’t stop the disease from spreading throughout his body by 1980.
What was he doing in 1981?
Marley collapsed while jogging in Central Park during his final tour, and he played his final gig in Pittsburgh in September 1980.
He then cancelled all remaining live dates and flew to Germany for a diet-based treatment under Josef Issels.
Bob Marley's best songs ever
However, after eight months of unsuccessful treatment, Marley flew home to Jamaica.
On the flight home, his condition worsened and he was rushed to hospital on arrival in Miami, and he died on May 11, 1981.
Where was Bob Marley's funeral held?
Bob Marley - Robin Denselow: Marley Funeral Report 05/21/81
Bob Marley was given a state funeral in Jamaica on May 21, 1981.
The eulogy was delivered by Prime Minister Edward Seaga He was buried in a chapel near his birthplace, alongside his Gibson Les Paul guitar.
Seaga said: "His voice was an omnipresent cry in our electronic world. His sharp features, majestic looks, and prancing style are a vivid etching on the landscape of our minds.
"Bob Marley was never seen. He was an experience which left an indelible imprint with each encounter. Such a man cannot be erased from the mind. He is part of the collective consciousness of the nation."
Are there any conspiracy theories about his death?
Marlon James: 'Bob Marley was dangerous'
One popular theory claims that due to his popular political presence in Jamaica, Marley was murdered by the CIA.
It has been suggested that the CIA were behind his attempted assassination at Hope Road in 1976, and that after failing to kill him, they attempted different methods to end his life.
The theory alleges that Carl Colby, the son of late CIA director William Colby, gave Marley a pair of boots and, when Bob put them on, a radioactive copper wire inside pricked his toe, causing his cancer.
There have also been stories that Issels was an ex-SS officer working with the CIA to poison Marley.
|
||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
0
| 45
|
https://halifaxbloggers.ca/flawintheiris/2024/02/bob-marley-one-love-review-official-story-is-flawed-but-the-music-isnt/
|
en
|
Bob Marley: One Love review — Official story is flawed, but the music isn't
|
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"flawintheiris"
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2024-02-16T13:26:09+00:00
|
Starring Kingsley Ben-Adir, Lashana Lynch, and James Norton
|
en
|
/favicon.ico
|
Flaw in the Iris
|
https://halifaxbloggers.ca/flawintheiris/2024/02/bob-marley-one-love-review-official-story-is-flawed-but-the-music-isnt/
|
Directed by Reinaldo Marcus Green | Written by Green, Terence Winter, Frank E. Flowers, and Zach Baylin | 104 min | ▲▲▲△△
I call it biopic-itis. The biographical pictures genre is so in love with conventions, especially the musical biopic subset, it tends to get locked into a highly predictable collection of plot developments, dramatic scenes, and rote, obvious dialogue. I’m sorry to say, Bob Marley: One Love, is deeply ensnared in biopic-itis. At the same time it has a few good things going for it: the costuming and notes of the era are solid, the two lead performances compel, especially Lashana Lynch, and the undeniable power in the music.
Here’s the thing: if these musical biopics are made with the consultation of the musician, their family or estate, then you tend to get an official hagiography — the hard edges get softened. This is a Tuff Gong production, with multiple members of the Marley clan claiming producer credits.
But if the movie is made without the agreement of the artist, you might get something unexpected, but you don’t get to use the songs. It’s a lose-lose situation.
Only a handful of these kinds of movies really do justice to their subjects, or approach them from an interesting angle. I didn’t love Priscilla, but I appreciated the angle, and the lack of Elvis on the soundtrack was no problem. Otherwise, go watch What’s Love Got To Do With It, Sid And Nancy, or La Vie En Rose to see how it can be done well. Or maybe even Weird: The Al Yankovic Story.
So, let’s get the trouble spots in Bob Marley: One Love out of the way first, before ladling out the praise.
Bob Marley: One Love tells the story of the beloved reggae icon from mid-career, 1976, when Marley (Kingsley Ben-Adir) was caught up in political strife in Jamaica — which is only barely explained — and was forced to decamp to London after having been shot at, while sending his wife, Rita (Lynch), off to the United States with the (many) kids. Why they couldn’t come with him to London isn’t particularly clear.
In London with his band, the Wailers, and the help of Island Records owner Chris Blackwell (James Norton), Marley sets out to record a new album, one with more intensity than before now that he’s been exposed to the punk and politics of the UK — we get a fun-if-perhaps-unlikely scene of Bob attending a Clash concert. That album is Exodus.
This is a film overstuffed with detail and event — another issue with biopic-itis is when the filmmakers try to be comprehensive to a fault. Here we get flashbacks, we get dream sequences, we get an explainer of Rastafarianism, we get Bob’s arguments with Rita, we get just the suggestion of his being a serial cheater, even violent, and we get those awkward Bohemian Rhapsody-esque scenes in the studio where the band struggles to agree on a direction.
In an effort to cover so much, it can’t help but feel unfocused and cheesy, with genuine moments of character restricted to only the two leads despite the sprawling ensemble. The script is clumsy and obvious in ways that bring the whole production down.
But here’s what works: the gorgeous costumes and location work convince as the late-’70s, and the actors have committed to the Jamaica Patois to the point where the film demands we lean in to really understand what’s being said.
Could director Reinaldo Marcus Green have offered a more creative, indie-movie aesthetic, and peeled away some of the visual gloss? Absolutely. Could he (and his writing collaborators) restricted the film to only Bob’s exile in London, and dug down on the recording of Exodus and his creative connection with the band? That might’ve worked a lot better. The scene of the Wailers piecing together the song, “Exodus,” is a genuine highlight. More of that would’ve been welcome.
Ben-Adir is convincing as Marley, though he’s written with a saintly hue without nearly enough of the contradictions that make him genuinely interesting.
He goes from laid back and peace-loving to embracing his role as a prophet, but the vulnerability, the jealousy, the things that make him human, those elements feel like an after-thought, something to be touched on before he achieves his ultimate goals. As a man on a journey, he’s never fully fledged.
As Rita, Lynch is amazing. She sees the talent in her husband and is willing to sacrifice a lot for him, but not all her ambition for herself. The camera on her face as she witnesses his deceit and his dreaming is everything.
At the end of the day, it’s the music that makes this watchable, and the music is superb, banger after banger. Ben-Adir is credited as singing on multiple songs, and his voice is terrific, though he may be digitally grafted with the original. Either way, it’s seamless. The filmmakers know that every three or four minutes they’ve got to bring another classic to bear, from “Simmer Down” all the way to “Redemption Song.”
It’s the music that’s the real and best reason to see Bob Marley: One Love.
|
||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
1
| 48
|
https://faroutmagazine.co.uk/conspiracy-theory-bob-marley-assassinated/
|
en
|
The bizarre conspiracy theory that Bob Marley was assassinated
|
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[
"Arun Starkey"
] |
2024-02-03T18:00:00+00:00
|
Ever since Bob Marley died of cancer in 1981, conspiracy theories have abounded that his death was not from natural causes, but murder.
|
en
|
/favicon.ico
|
Far Out Magazine
|
https://faroutmagazine.co.uk/conspiracy-theory-bob-marley-assassinated/
|
Although he is best known for bringing Jamaican music to the Western masses, Bob Marley was a trailblazer for many other reasons. With The Wailers, he channelled the warm essence of his native land into a heady potpourri of reggae, ska and rocksteady. On top of it, he established a tangible, more profound dimension with his lyrical prowess.
Producing timeless tracks such as ‘No Woman, No Cry’, ‘One Love’ and ‘Three Little Birds’ – with a little commercial help from Eric Clapton covering ‘I Shot the Sheriff’ – Marley rose quickly as one of his era’s most successful musicians. Much more than just a sonic pathfinder, his unwavering dedication to democratic social reforms at home and advocacy for marijuana legalisation and Pan-Africanism made him the people’s hero.
Tragically, however, Marley’s life and upward trajectory were cut short by melanoma on May 11th, 1981. His death came only a few years after a narrow miss when anonymous gunmen attacked his home in a suspected act of political retribution on the evening of December 3rd, 1976. The raid was only two days before the ‘Smile Jamaica’ concert, a show organised by Prime Minister Michael Manley to quell tensions between warring factions. As a result of the attack, Marley, his wife Rita and managed Don Taylor were injured. The reggae star was relatively unscathed, with minor wounds to the arm and chest, but Rita and Taylor sustained serious injuries. Rita survived a shot to the head.
In July 1977, Marley was diagnosed with a type of malignant melanoma under his right toe. By the final half of 1980, it had spread throughout his body to the brain, lungs and liver. His condition quickly worsened, and after landing in Miami, Florida, he was taken to the hospital where he would die on May 11th, 1981. His famous last words to his 12-year-old son Ziggy were: “On your way up, take me up. On your way down, don’t let me down.”
The final funeral eulogy from Jamaican Prime Minister Edward Seaga on May 21st, 1981, aptly summarised Bob Marley’s significance: “His voice was an omnipresent cry in our electronic world. His sharp features, majestic looks, and prancing style, a vivid etching on the landscape of our minds. Bob Marley was never seen. He was an experience which left an indelible imprint with each encounter. Such a man cannot be erased from the mind. He is part of the collective consciousness of the nation.”
In the years since Bob Marley’s death, the official story behind his death has been questioned by some. Due to his immense cultural significance and a longstanding and erroneous rumour surrounding how he contracted cancer, which posits the lesion was caused by a football injury, many believe that his tragic death was not due to natural causes.
Accordingly, we’re looking at the facts and theories on both sides, revealing the realities of the claims.
Investigating the death of Bob Marley:
The facts:
The dates and details: Marley died at the Cedars of Lebanon Hospital (now the Jackson Memorial Hospital), Miami, on May 11th, 1981, aged 36, from melanoma.
Cause of death: Marley was diagnosed with acral lentiginous melanoma, a type of malignant melanoma, in July 1977 under his right toe. His death was the result of it later spreading to his brain and lungs.
The official police outcome: Cancer.
The statement of his son, Ziggy Marley: “The last thing my father told me was: ‘On your way up, take me up. On your way down, don’t let me down’. A father telling his son that puts some responsibility on my shoulders. He told me that, and I take it very seriously.”
He also told the Jamaica Observer: “Yuh know how kids stay. I was kinda trying to bribe God. I told God that if him mek my father get better, I would do well at school and at home. But it never worked. My father died.”
The statement of his wife, Rita Marley: Explaining how the Marley family dealt with Bob’s death, Rita told the Evening Standard in 2012: “Our faith doesn’t allow us to believe in death, so why make provisions for when you’re gone? We never thought he was going to die. I was encouraged to ask him to write a will, but I could never have asked him to go against his beliefs.”
“Bob asked his lawyer what would happen if he didn’t make a will, and she said: ‘Your wife and children will be okay.'” She then laughed and shook her head, adding: “Which was good enough for him.”
The statement of physicians: In a piece in The Guardian titled Decolonising Dermatology, Neil Singh, a primary physician and teaching fellow at Brighton and Sussex Medical School, explained the anthropological and biological context of Marley’s melanoma.
Singh noted: “He had to see two doctors before he was offered a biopsy, which confirmed the deadliest kind of skin cancer: acral lentiginous melanoma. Unlike the other three kinds of melanoma, which usually occur on soft, sun-exposed skin, acral lentiginous melanoma occurs in easy-to-miss places, such as the soles of your feet or under your toenails.”
Continuing: “The kind of melanoma that Marley developed, and which is by far the most common subtype in dark-skinned people, was not on the radar of most doctors. In 1977, the year Marley first developed symptoms, the world’s most popular medical textbook, the Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy, published its 13th edition. It has entries on the three subtypes of melanoma that are most common in pale skin, but acral lentiginous melanoma isn’t even mentioned. Even today, it is the subtype of melanoma with the fewest successful treatment options.”
The statement of Cancer Research UK: An article in Cancer Research U.K.‘s blog maintains it would have been challenging to treat with 1980s technology.
Statements supporting the idea of a conspiracy:
Previous attempt on Marley’s life: On December 3rd, 1976, two days before the ‘Smile Jamaica’ free concert organised by Jamaican Prime Minister Michael Manley, two assuage tensions between warring political groups, Bob Marley, Rita and his manager were shot by unknown gunmen in the Marley home. While Rita and Taylor suffered serious injuries but made full recoveries, Bob received minor wounds to the chest and arm. The attack has always been thought to have been politically motivated.
He clearly had made enemies with his dedication to democratic reforms and had suffered this attempt on his life by the time he died.
The first theory: A 2019 post shared by the Instagram page Submit Conspiracy Theories prompted renewed interest in an older claim that the CIA agent “Bill Oxley” assassinated Bob Marley. Allegedly, he confessed on his deathbed.
A further claim: A separate post by the Instagram page ‘Liberty Lou’ contains details of a supposed confession from a “CIA agent”. Suggesting the reggae star was targeted for his Rastafarianism, it states that a complex rouse was set up involving this agent’s son, allowing him to get close enough to inject Marley with a cancer-causing substance.
“The day of the (Smile Jamaica Concert) event, a ‘USA photographer’ who wanted to meet Marley got access,” the post states. “He told Marley how excited he was to film the event and even brought him a pair of shoes. Bob tried on the shoe and screamed out, ‘OUCH’! They found a pointed copper/metal in the top part of the shoe. They immediately thought it was radioactive or poisoned.”
The post also claimed that doctors found Marley’s cancer five months after this event after a fellow football player stepped on his toe. “They later found out the ‘photographer’ was the CIA agent’s son,” the claim concludes.
The source of the claim: Reportedly, the source of the second claim was an archived 2017 article on the website YourNewsWire, titled CIA Agent Confesses On Deathbed: ‘I Killed Bob Marley’. This article claims that Oxley, “a 79-year-old retired officer of the CIA,” confessed to 17 assassinations between 1974 and 85 following a diagnosis that informed him he only had weeks left to live.
It continued: “As far as the agency was concerned, Bob Marley was too successful, too famous, too influential… A Jamaican Rastaman who started using his funds and fame to support causes around the world that were in direct conflict with the CIA… To be honest, he signed his own death warrant.”
It also claims that the plot to inject Marley with the cancer-causing property differs from the ‘Liberty Lou’ post, as it was Oxley who was said to have posed as the photographer, not his son.
In May 2020, the head of YourNewsWire, Sean Adl-Tabataba, told fact-checker Lead Stories: “When I closed YourNewsWire down in late 2019 and moved to NewsPunch, the focus on what we would cover editorially changed, and it was decided that we would no longer cover unreliable conspiracies whilst also being much more responsible in fact-checking content before publishing”.
Statements disproving conspiracy theory:
Statements of the media and fact-checkers: USA Today confirmed that the existence of Billy Oxley or someone with the name cannot be corroborated. Furthermore, fact-checkers Snopes and 4News found no record of him.
Status of Your News Wire: Fake news site. Describing Marley as a “Jamaican Rastaman” seriously undoes the veracity of its claims. Despite the clearly fake origins of the theory, a reprint of the story in 2018 in the Nigerian publication Vanguard was shared on Instagram by rappers Busta Rhymes and T.I.
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The Bob Marley biography provides testament to the unparalleled influence of his artistry upon global culture. Since his passing on May 11, 1981, Bob Marley’s legend looms larger than ever, as evidenced by an ever-lengthening list of accomplishments attributable to his music, which identified oppressors and agitated for social change while simultaneously allowing listeners to forget their troubles and dance.
Bob Marley was posthumously inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994; in December 1999, his 1977 album “Exodus” was named Album of the Century by Time Magazine and his song “One Love” was designated Song of the Millennium by the BBC. Since its release in 1984, Marley’s “Legend” compilation has annually sold over 250,000 copies according to Nielsen Sound Scan, and it is only the 17th album to exceed sales of 10 million copies since SoundScan began its tabulations in 1991.
Bob Marley’s music was never recognized with a Grammy nomination but in 2001 he was bestowed The Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award, an honor given by the Recording Academy to “performers who during their lifetimes, have made creative contributions of outstanding artistic significance to the field of recording.” That same year, a feature length documentary about Bob Marley’s life, Rebel Music, directed by Jeremy Marre, was nominated for a Grammy for Best Long Form Music Video documentary. In 2001 Bob Marley was accorded the 2171st star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame by the Hollywood Historic Trust and the Hollywood Chamber of Commerce, in Hollywood, California. As a recipient of this distinction, Bob Marley joined musical legends including Carlos Santana, Stevie Wonder and The Temptations.
In 2006 an eight block stretch of Brooklyn’s bustling Church Avenue, which runs through the heart of that city’s Caribbean community, was renamed Bob Marley Boulevard, the result of a campaign initiated by New York City councilwoman Yvette D. Clarke. This year the popular TV show Late Night with Jimmy Fallon commemorated the 30th anniversary of Bob Marley’s passing with an entire week (May 9-13) devoted to his music, as performed by Bob’s eldest son Ziggy, Jennifer Hudson, Lauryn Hill, Lenny Kravitz and the show’s house band The Roots. These triumphs are all the more remarkable considering Bob Marley’s humble beginnings and numerous challenges he overcame attempting to gain a foothold in Jamaica’s chaotic music industry while skillfully navigating the politically partisan violence that abounded in Kingston throughout the 1970s.
One of the 20th century’s most charismatic and challenging performers, Bob Marley’s renown now transcends the role of reggae luminary: he is regarded as a cultural icon who implored his people to know their history “coming from the root of King David, through the line of Solomon,” as he sang on “Blackman Redemption”; Bob urged his listeners to check out the “Real Situation” and to rebel against the vampiric “Babylon System”. “Bob had a rebel type of approach, but his rebelliousness had a clearly defined purpose to it,” acknowledges Chris Blackwell, the founder of Island Records, who played a pivotal role in the Bob Marley biography by introducing Marley and the Wailers to an international audience. “It wasn’t just mindless rebelliousness, he was rebelling against the circumstances in which he and so many people found themselves.”
The next chapter in the Bob Marley biography commenced in the late 1950s when Bob, barely into his teens, left St. Ann and returned to Jamaica’s capital. He eventually settled in the western Kingston vicinity of Trench Town, so named because it was built over a sewage trench. A low-income community comprised of squatter-settlements and government yards developments that housed a minimum of four families, Bob Marley quickly learned to defend himself against Trench Town’s rude boys and bad men. Bob’s formidable street-fighting skills earned him the respectful nickname Tuff Gong.
Despite the poverty, despair and various unsavory activities that sustained some ghetto dwellers, Trench Town was also a culturally rich community where Bob Marley’s abundant musical talents were nurtured. A lifelong source of inspiration, Bob immortalized Trench Town in his songs “No Woman No Cry” (1974), “Trench Town Rock” (1975) and “Trench Town”, the latter released posthumously in 1983.
By the early 1960s the island’s music industry was beginning to take shape, and its development gave birth to an indigenous popular Jamaican music form called ska. A local interpretation of American soul and R&B, with an irresistible accent on the offbeat, ska exerted a widespread influence on poor Jamaican youth while offering a welcomed escape from their otherwise harsh realities. Within the burgeoning Jamaican music industry, the elusive lure of stardom was now a tangible goal for many ghetto youths.
Uncertain about the prospects of a music career for her son, Cedella encouraged Bob to pursue a trade. When Bob left school at 14 years old she found him a position as a welder’s apprentice, which he reluctantly accepted. After a short time on the job a tiny steel splinter became embedded in Bob’s eye. Following that incident, Bob promptly quit welding and solely focused on his musical pursuits.
At 16 years old Bob Marley met another aspiring singer Desmond Dekker, who would go on to top the UK charts in 1969 with his single “Israelites”. Dekker introduced Marley to another young singer, Jimmy Cliff, future star of the immortal Jamaican film “The Harder They Come”, who, at age 14, had already recorded a few hit songs. In 1962, Cliff introduced Marley to producer Leslie Kong; Marley cut his first singles for Kong: “Judge Not”, “Terror” and “One More Cup of Coffee”, a cover of the million selling country hit by Claude Gray. When these songs failed to connect with the public, Marley was paid a mere $20.00, an exploitative practice that was widespread during the infancy of Jamaica’s music business. Bob Marley reportedly told Kong he would make a lot of money from his recordings one day but he would never be able to enjoy it. Years later, when Kong released a best of The Wailers compilation against the group’s wishes, he suffered a fatal heart attack at age 37.
In 1963 Bob Marley and his childhood friend Neville Livingston a.k.a. Bunny Wailer began attending vocal classes held by Trench Town resident Joe Higgs, a successful singer who mentored many young singers in the principles of rhythm, harmony and melody. In his Trench Town yard, Higgs introduced Bob and Bunny to Peter (Macintosh) Tosh and The Bob Marley and the Wailers legend was born. The trio quickly became good friends so the formation of a vocal group, The Wailing Wailers, was a natural progression; Higgs played a pivotal role in guiding their musical direction. Additional Wailing Wailers members included Junior Braithwaite, Beverly Kelso, and Cherry Smith but they departed after just a few recording sessions.
Bob, Bunny and Peter were introduced to Clement Sir Coxsone Dodd, a sound system operator turned producer; Dodd was also the founder of the seminal Jamaican record label Studio One. With their soulful harmonies, influenced primarily by American vocal group Curtis Mayfield and the Impressions, and lyrics that echoed the struggles facing Jamaica’s poor, the Wailers attained a sizeable local following. The Wailers’ first single for Studio One “Simmer Down”, with Bob cautioning the ghetto youths to control their tempers or “the battle would be hotter”, reportedly sold over 80,000 copies. The Wailers went on to record several hits for Coxsone including “Rude Boy”, “I’m Still Waiting,” and an early version of “One Love”, the song the BBC would designate as the Song of the Century some thirty-five years later.
By the mid 60s, the jaunty ska beat had metamorphosed into the slower paced rocksteady sound, which soon gave way to Jamaica’s signature reggae rhythm around 1968. Dodd had not made a corresponding shift in his label’s releases nor did he embrace the proliferation of lyrics imbued with Rastafarian beliefs that were essential to reggae’s development. Declining sales of the Wailers’ Studio One singles compounded by a lack of proper financial compensation from Dodd prompted their departure from Studio One.
Cedella Booker, meanwhile, decided to relocate to the US state of Delaware in 1966. That same year Bob Marley married Rita Anderson and joined his mother in Delaware for a few months, where he worked as a DuPont lab assistant and on an assembly line at a Chrysler plant under the alias Donald Marley.
In his absence from Jamaica, His Imperial Majesty Emperor Haile Selassie I visited the island from April 21-24, 1966. His Majesty is revered as Lord and Savior, according to Rastafarian beliefs and his visit to Jamaica had a profound impact upon Rita and Bob. Bob soon adopted the Rastafarian way of life and began wearing his hair in dreadlocks.
Upon Bob’s return to Jamaica, The Wailers established the Wail’N Soul’M label & record shop in front of his aunt’s Trench Town home. The label’s name identified its primary acts: The Wailers and The Soulettes, a female vocal trio featuring Rita Marley. A few successful Wailers’ singles were released including “Bend Down Low” and “Mellow Mood” but due to lack of resources, the Wailers dissolved Wail’N Soul’M in 1968.
As the 1970s commenced, soaring unemployment, rationed food supplies, pervasive political violence and the IMF’s stranglehold on the Jamaican economy due to various structural adjustment policies heavily influenced the keen social consciousness that came to define Bob’s lyrics.
In 1970, the Wailers forged a crucial relationship with Jamaican producer Lee “Scratch” Perry, a pioneer in the development of dub, the reggae offshoot where the drum and bass foundation is moved to the forefront. Perry wisely paired The Wailers with the nucleus of his studio band The Upsetters, brothers Carlton and Aston “Family Man” Barrett, respectively playing drums and bass. Collectively, they forged a revolutionary sonic identity, as heard on tracks like “Duppy Conqueror”, “400 Years” and “Soul Rebel”, which established an enduring paradigm for roots reggae. The Wailers’ collaborations with Perry were featured on the album “Soul Rebels” (1970) the first Wailers album released in the UK. The Wailers’ reportedly severed their relationship with Perry when they realized he was the sole recipient of royalties from the sales of “Soul Rebels”.
In 1971 Bob Marley went to Sweden to collaborate on a film score with American singer Johnny Nash. Bob secured a contract with Nash’s label CBS Records and by early 1972 The Wailers were in London promoting their single “Reggae On Broadway”; CBS, however, had little faith in Marley and The Wailers’ success and abruptly abandoned the group there. Marley paid a chance visit to the London offices of Island Records and the result was a meeting with label founder Chris Blackwell. Marley sought the finances to record a single but Blackwell suggested the group record an album and advanced them £4,000, an unheard of sum to be given to a Jamaican act.
Island’s top reggae star Jimmy Cliff had recently left the label and Blackwell saw Marley as the ideal artist to fill that void and attract an audience primed for rock music. “I was dealing with rock music, which was really rebel music and I felt that would really be the way to break Jamaican music. But you needed someone who could be that image. When Bob walked in he really was that image,” Blackwell once reflected. Despite their “rude boy” reputation, the Wailers returned to Kingston and honored their agreement with Blackwell. They delivered their “Catch A Fire” album in April 1973 to extensive international media fanfare. Tours of Britain and the US were quickly arranged and the life of Bob Marley was forever changed. Bunny Wailer refused to participate in the US leg of the “Catch A Fire” tour so the Wailers’ mentor Joe Higgs served as his replacement. Their US gigs included an opening slot for a then-relatively-unknown Bruce Springsteen in New York City. The Wailers toured with Sly and the Family Stone, who were at their peak in the early 70s, but were removed after just four dates because their riveting performances, reportedly, upstaged the headliner.
Following the successful “Catch A Fire” tour, the Wailers promptly recorded their second album for Island Records, “Burnin”, which was released in October 1973. Featuring some of Bob’s most celebrated songs “Burnin” introduced their timeless anthem of insurgency “Get Up Stand Up” and “I Shot The Sheriff”, which Eric Clapton covered and took to the top of the Billboard Hot 100 in 1974; Clapton’s cover significantly elevated Bob Marley’s international profile, the same year that Peter Tosh and Bunny Wailer left the group.
Bob Marley’s third album for Island Records, “Natty Dread”, released in October 1974, was the first credited to Bob Marley and The Wailers; the harmonies of Peter Tosh and Bunny Wailer were replaced with the soulfulness of the I-Threes—Rita Marley, Marcia Griffiths and Judy Mowatt. The Wailers band now included Family Man and Carly Barrett, Al Anderson on lead guitar, Tyrone Downie on keyboards and Alvin “Seeco” Patterson playing percussion. Session musicians for the album also included Bernard “Touter” Harvey and Jean Roussel on piano/organ, while Lee Jaffe sometimes played harmonica with the band live. Characterized by spiritually and socially conscious lyrics, the “Natty Dread” album included a rousing, blues-influenced celebration of reggae, “Lively Up Yourself”, which Bob used to open many of his concerts; the joy he experienced among friends amidst the struggles of his Trench Town youth is poignantly conveyed on “No Woman No Cry”, while the essential title track played a significant role in introducing Rastafarian culture and philosophies to the world. A commercial as well as a critical success, “Natty Dread” peaked at no. 44 on Billboard’s Black Albums chart, no. 92 on the Pop Albums chart, and no. 43 in the UK album charts. In 2003, the album was ranked No. 181 on Rolling Stone magazine’s list of the 500 Greatest Albums of All Time.
The following year Bob embarked on a highly successful European tour in support of “Natty Dread”, which included two nights at London’s Lyceum Theater. The Lyceum performances were captured on Bob’s next release for Island, “Bob Marley and the Wailers Live!”, which featured a melancholy version of “No Woman No Cry” that reached the UK top 40.
Bob Marley catapulted to international stardom in 1976 with the release of “Rastaman Vibration”, peaking at no. 8 on the Billboard Top 200. With the inclusion of “Crazy Baldhead”, which decries “brainwash education” and the stirring title cut, “Rastaman Vibration” presented a clearer understanding of Rastafari teachings to the mainstream audience that was now attentively listening to Bob. Also included was “War”, its lyrics adapted from an impassioned speech to the United Nations General Assembly in 1963, delivered by Ethiopian Emperor Haile Selassie I, whom Rastafarians consider a living God. Thirty-five years after its initial release “War” remains an unassailable anthem of equality, its empowering spirit embraced by dispossessed people everywhere.
As 1976 drew to a close Bob Marley was now regarded as a global reggae ambassador who had internationally popularized Rastafarian beliefs. At home, that distinction fostered an immense sense of pride among those who embraced Bob’s messages. But Bob’s expanding influence was also a point of contention for others in Jamaica, which was brutally divided by political alliances. With the intention of suppressing simmering tensions between Jamaica’s rivaling People’s National Party (PNP) and the Jamaica Labor Party (JLP), Bob decided to put on a (non partisan) free concert for the people, Smile Jamaica, to be held on December 5, 1976 in Kingston. Two days prior to the event, as Bob Marley and The Wailers rehearsed at his Kingston home, an unsuccessful assassination attempt was made on his life. Gunmen sprayed Bob’s residence with bullets, but miraculously, no one was killed; Bob escaped with minor gunshot wounds, and Rita underwent surgery to remove a bullet that grazed her head, but she was released from the hospital the next day. Bob’s manager Don Taylor was shot five times and critically wounded; he was airlifted to Miami’s Cedars of Lebanon Hospital for the removal of a bullet lodged against his spinal cord.
If the ambush in the night at Bob Marley’s home was an attempt to prevent him from performing at the Smile Jamaica concert or a warning intended to silence the revolutionary spirit within his music, then it had failed. Bob defiantly performed “War” at the Smile Jamaica concert, which reportedly drew 80,000 people, but shortly thereafter he went into seclusion and few people knew of his whereabouts.
The reality was, Bob had flown to London (after a couple of weeks stay in the Bahamas), where he would live for the next 14 months. There, he recorded the albums “Exodus” (1977) and most of “Kaya” (1978); with some work on the latter being finished in Miami. Exodus’ title track provided a call for change, “the movement of JAH people”, incorporating spiritual and political concerns into its groundbreaking amalgam of reggae, rock and soul-funk. It was during this time in London, that lead guitarist Junior Marvin joined the band; Marvin had worked with Stevie Wonder and was about to join his band, but opted instead to join The Wailers because he believed in the message. A second single, the sultry dance tune “Jamming” became a British top 10 hit. The “Exodus” album remained on the UK charts for a staggering 56 consecutive weeks, bringing a level of commercial success to Bob Marley and the Wailers that had previously eluded the band.
In a more laid back vein, the “Kaya” album hit no. 4 on the British charts, propelled by the popularity of the romantic singles “Satisfy My Soul” and “Is This Love?”. Kaya’s title track extols the herb Marley used throughout his lifetime; the somber “Running Away,” and the haunting “Time Will Tell” are deep reflections on the December 1976 assassination attempt. The release of “Kaya” coincided with Bob Marley’s triumphant return to Jamaica for a performance at the One Love Peace Concert, held on April 22, 1978 at Kingston’s National Stadium. The event was another effort aimed at curtailing the rampant violence stemming from the senseless PNP-JLP rivalries; the event featured 16 prominent reggae acts and was dubbed a “Third World Woodstock”. In the concert’s most memorable moment, Bob Marley summoned JLP leader Edward Seaga and Prime Minister Michael Manley onstage. As the Wailers pumped out the rhythm to “Jamming”, Bob urged the politicians to shake hands; clasping his left hand over theirs, he raised their arms aloft and chanted “JAH Rastafari”. In recognition of his courageous attempt to bridge Jamaica’s cavernous political divide, Bob traveled to the United Nations in New York where he received the organization’s Medal of Peace on June 15, 1978.
At the end of 1978 Bob made his first trip to Africa, visiting Kenya and Ethiopia, the latter being the spiritual home of Rastafari. During his Ethiopian sojourn, Bob stayed in Shashamane, a communal settlement situated on 500-acres of land donated by His Majesty Emperor Haile Selassie I to Rastafarians that choose to repatriate to Ethiopia. Marley also traveled to the Ethiopian capital, Addis Ababa, where he visited several sites significant to His Majesty’s life and ancient Ethiopian history.
That same year Bob Marley and The Wailers’ tours of Europe and America were highlighted on their second critically acclaimed live album “Babylon By Bus”. In April 1979, Bob and The Wailers also toured Japan, Australia and New Zealand, where the indigenous Maori people greeted them with a traditional welcoming ceremony typically reserved for visiting dignitaries.
Bob released “Survival”, his ninth album for Island, in the fall of 1979. Featuring now-iconic songs such as “Wake Up and Live”, “So Much Trouble In The World”, “One Drop”, “Ambush In The Night” – his definitive statement on the 1976 assassination attempt – as well as the album’s title track, “Survival” is a brilliant, politically progressive work championing pan-African solidarity. “Survival” also included “Africa Unite” and “Zimbabwe”, the latter an anthem for the soon-to-be liberated colony of Rhodesia. In April 1980, Bob and the Wailers performed at Zimbabwe’s official Independence Ceremony at the invitation of the country’s newly-elected president, Robert Mugabe. This profound honor reconfirmed the importance of Bob Marley and The Wailers throughout the African Diaspora and reggae’s significance as a unifying and liberating force.
Unbeknownst to the band, the Zimbabwe Independence concert was solely for a select group of media and political dignitaries. As Bob Marley and The Wailers started their set, pandemonium ensued among the enormous crowd gathered outside the entrance to the Rufaro Sports Stadium—the gates broke apart as Zimbabweans surged forward to see the musicians who inspired their liberation struggle. Clouds of tear gas drifted into the stadium; the Wailers were overcome with fumes and left the stage. The I-Threes returned to their hotel but Bob Marley went back onstage and performed “Zimbabwe”. The following evening, Bob Marley and the Wailers returned to Rufaro Stadium and put on a free show for a crowd of nearly 80,000.
The final album to be released in Bob’s lifetime, “Uprising”, helped to fulfill another career objective. Bob had openly been courting an African American listenership throughout his career and he made a profound connection to that demographic with “Could You Be Loved”, which incorporated a danceable reggae-disco fusion. “Could You Be Loved” reached no. 6 and no. 56 respectively on Billboard’s Club Play Singles and Black Singles charts. “Uprising” also included contemplative odes to Bob’s Rastafarian beliefs, “Zion Train” and “Forever Loving Jah”, and the deeply moving “Redemption Song” a stark, acoustic declaration of enduring truths and profoundly personal musings; Angelique Kidjo, the Clash’s Joe Strummer, U2’s Bono, Sinead O’Connor and Rihanna are but five of the dozens of artists who have recorded versions of “Redemption Song”.
Bob Marley and The Wailers embarked on a major European tour in the spring & summer of 1980, breaking attendance records in several countries. In Milan, Italy, they performed before 110,000 people, the largest audience of their career. The US leg of the “Uprising” tour commenced in Boston on September 16 at the JB Hynes Auditorium. On September 19, Bob and the Wailers rolled into New York City for two consecutive sold out nights at Madison Square Garden as part of a bill featuring New York-based rapper Kurtis Blow, and The Commodores. The tour went onto the Stanley Theater in Pittsburgh, Pa. where Bob delivered the final set of his illustrious career on September 23, 1980.
A generation later a group of political refugees from Sierra Leone living in Guinean concentration camps and traumatized by years of bloody warfare in their country, found through the music of Bob Marley, inspiration to form their own band and write and record their own songs. The Refugee All Stars won international acclaim for their 2006 debut “Living Like A Refugee” and their 2010 album “Rise and Shine”, each utilizing a blend of reggae, Sierra Leone’s Islamic rooted bubu music and West African goombay.
Further evidence of Bob Marley’s ongoing influence arrived on October 13, 2010 when Victor Zamora, one of 33 Chilean miners rescued after being trapped in a San Jose mine for 69 days, asked to hear Marley’s “Buffalo Soldier” shortly after his release. Recorded in 1980 and posthumously released in 1983, “Buffalo Soldier” recounts the atrocities of the slave trade. Like so many of Bob Marley’s songs, it highlights the importance of relating past occurrences to present-day identities: “if you know your history then you would know where you’re coming from/then you wouldn’t have to ask me, who the hell do I think I am?”
And in the years since, a number of protests – including 2011’s Occupy Wall St. movement, the 2020 protests against police brutality across the U.S., and many others – have used Bob’s music and message as a voice for their revolutions. The uncompromising sentiments expressed on Bob’s “Get Up Stand Up” in particular are commonplace at these demonstrations, with masses of people around the world chanting: “So now we see the light, we’re gonna stand up for our rights!”
|
|||||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
1
| 33
|
https://www.the-sun.com/entertainment/1494074/how-did-bob-marley-die/
|
en
|
How did Bob Marley die?
|
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"Joanne Kavanagh"
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2022-08-12T08:59:00-04:00
|
THE untimely death of the Jamaican singer shocked millions of fans around the world.Bob Marley changed lives and inspired the world of music, long aft
|
en
|
The US Sun
|
https://www.the-sun.com/entertainment/1494074/how-did-bob-marley-die/
|
THE untimely death of the Jamaican singer shocked millions of fans around the world.
Bob Marley changed lives and inspired the world of music, long after his death at just 36-years-old.
How did Bob Marley die?
Bob died from an acral lentiginous melanoma - a form of skin cancer which had been diagnosed in 1977, spreading from under a nail of his toe.
Bob first discovered the melanoma during a game of football in 1977, when a foot injury seemed unusually bad, and worsened over time.
When doctors discovered the cancer, he was advised to have his toe amputated, but refused as his Rastafarian faith considers it a sin to have a part of the body "temple" removed.
He did consent to a skin graft but this didn’t stop the disease spreading throughout his body by the summer of 1980.
When and where did Bob Marley die?
Having collapsed while jogging in Central Park, New York during his final tour, Bob played his last ever gig in Pittsburgh in September 1980.
He then cancelled all remaining live dates and flew to Germany for a controversial diet-based treatment under Josef Issels.
After eight months the treatment proved unsuccessful, and Bob boarded a plane home to Jamaica.
However, on the flight his condition worsened, the plane was diverted and he was rushed to hospital in Miami.
Bob died at the Cedars Of Lebanon Hospital on May 11, 1981.
Where was Bob Marley's funeral?
Due to his fame, Bob was granted a state funeral in Jamaica.
It was held on May 21, 1981, and attended by thousands of fans from around the world.
The eulogy was delivered by the Prime Minister Edward Seaga.
He is buried in a chapel near his birthplace with his Gibson Les Paul guitar.
What are the conspiracy theories surrounding Bob Marley’s death?
The most prevalent theory is that, due to his growing political stature in Jamaica, Marley was murdered by the CIA.
It’s suggested that they were behind the attempted assassination at Hope Road and, having failed to kill him, went about more surreptitious means to see him off.
It’s said that Carl Colby, the son of late CIA director William Colby, later gave Marley a pair of boots and, when Bob tried them on, a radioactive copper wire inside pricked his toe, causing the cancer.
Of course, none of these theories have been proven.
What are Bob Marley's greatest hits?
Bob racked up a HUGE amount of hits during his time on the music scene.
The following are his the biggest songs he released (in order of popularity):
|
|||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
2
| 89
|
https://www.thetravelcurrent.com/jamaica/ocho-rios/lifestyle/explore/culture/walk-land-proud-tour-bob-marleys-nine-mile-home-0
|
en
|
Tour of Bob Marley's Nine Mile Home
|
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2018-01-19T19:47:30-05:00
|
Discover each and every one of the secrets kept in perfect condition at the famous house of Bob Marley in Nine Mile Jamaica by clicking here on The Travel Current, the best website for tourist information and travel tips.
|
en
|
https://www.thetravelcurrent.com/sites/all/themes/content_hub/favicon.ico
|
Best travel tips and tourism information | The Travel Current
|
https://www.thetravelcurrent.com/jamaica/ocho-rios/lifestyle/explore/culture/walk-land-proud-tour-bob-marleys-nine-mile-home-0
|
By Juan Sempere
If you’re a fan of reggae, you simply must pay homage to the genre’s most revered figure at his final resting place in Jamaica.
Any person who chooses the Caribbean resort town of Ocho Rios as their vacation spot, is likely invested into Jamaican culture, which in turn owes a huge debt of gratitude to reggae music and its patron saint, Robert Nesta Marley.
The musician was barely 36 years old when he passed away, back in 1981, but you wouldn’t know it by visiting Jamaica, where his familiar face will peer at you from nearly every storefront, souvenir stall, and roadside landmark. If you visit the Land of Wood and Water in early February, the devotion to Marley gets even more acute with celebrations surrounding his birthday on Feb. 6.
The ride is long… but worth it.
Scheduling a daytime tour to his family home in Nine Mile, Saint Ann, is highly recommended, and they have departures from Moon Palace Jamaica, (Front Desk will be happy to assist you). Here are some things you can expect from the experience:
Expect to invest about six hours during this excursion: An hour and a half to get there, two to three hours at the actual destination, and the rest on the way back to Ocho Rios. Though the mountain roads are a little bumpy, your tour guide will make the trip amenable by hitting you with all sorts of knowledge about Marley, his music, and the island culture. There are many nice vistas along the way, so don’t forget your camera.
All About Bob
Time stops at Nine Mile. At least that’s the way it feels. People in care of Bob Marley’s childhood home have taken to heart the preservation of the whole place to make it look as close to how it was during the King of Reggae’s formative years.
The lush vegetation that surrounds you opens up to reveal the humble-yet-imposing dwellings that once housed the clan of Marley’s maternal side of the family. The decoration and furnishings are as colorful and vivacious as Bob himself.
Bob’s work will surround you. References to Marley’s songs are all over the place. That painted rock he used to sit upon outside the house, painted with Rasta motifs? It’s called Talkin’ Blues, like the album. The mausoleum rests on a place named “Mount Zion,” so you’ll probably start humming “Iron Lion Zion’ as soon as you set foot inside the property. And your guide will probably come up with amusing anecdotes about familiar tunes like “Sun Is Shining” or “Three Little Birds” if you ask him nicely. All that’s missing is someone barging in and boasting that he shot the sheriff, but left the deputy otherwise unharmed.
Taking In the Lifestyle
You’ll make a “jerk” joke. Probably. Try not to do it, though. We assume that the locals have heard every single lame pun using the name of the traditional spicy rub, and that you’ll be tempted to try the delicious jerk chicken (and your hacky comedic material) when you stop for lunch. So don’t say we didn’t warn you if your punchlines are served with a side dish of blank stares.
A quick jaunt to this Mecca of Reggae will take you from Ocho Rios' tempting beaches to the majestic heights of inland Jamaica, but it’ll also make you appreciate Bob Marley’s legacy in a whole new way. Go on, book the tour and then, as the man himself suggested, “Don't worry… about a thing… 'Cause every little thing… gonna be alright”.
|
||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
3
| 8
|
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/bob-marley-dies
|
en
|
Reggae star Bob Marley dies at 36
|
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] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Missy Sullivan"
] |
2009-11-13T17:09:16+00:00
|
On May 11, 1981, Bob Marley, the soul and international face of reggae music, died in a Miami, Florida, hospital. He was 36 years old. In what would prove to be the next to the last concert of his tragically short life, Bob Marley shared the bill at Madison Square Garden with the hugely popular […]
|
en
|
HISTORY
|
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/bob-marley-dies
|
On May 11, 1981, Bob Marley, the soul and international face of reggae music, died in a Miami, Florida, hospital. He was 36 years old.
In what would prove to be the next to the last concert of his tragically short life, Bob Marley shared the bill at Madison Square Garden with the hugely popular American funk band The Commodores. With no costumes, no choreography and no set design to speak of, “the reggae star had the majority of his listeners on their feet and in the palm of his hand,” according to New York Times critic Robert Palmer. “After this show of strength, and Mr. Marley’s intense singing and electric stage presence, the Commodores were a letdown.”
Only days after his triumphant shows in New York City, Bob Marley collapsed while jogging in Central Park and later received a grim diagnosis: a cancerous growth on an old soccer injury on his big toe had metastasized and spread to Marley’s brain, liver and lungs. Less than eight months later, he passed away.
Nesta Robert Marley was born on February 6, 1945, in rural St. Ann Parish, Jamaica, the son of a middle-aged white Jamaican Marine officer and an 18-year-old Black Jamaican girl. At the age of nine, Marley moved to Trench Town, a tough West Kingston ghetto where he would meet and befriend Neville “Bunny” Livingston (later Bunny Wailer) and Peter McIntosh (later Peter Tosh) and drop out of school at age 14 to make music. Jamaica at the time was entering a period of incredible musical creativity. As transistor radios became available on an island then served only by a staid, BBC-style national radio station, the music of America suddenly became accessible via stateside radio stations. From a mix of New Orleans-style rhythm and blues and indigenous, African-influenced musical traditions arose first ska, then rock steady—precursor styles to reggae, which did not take shape as a recognizable style of its own until the late 1960s.
Bob Marley, Peter Tosh and Bunny Wailer performed together as The Wailers throughout this period, coming into their own as a group just as reggae became the dominant sound in Jamaica. Thanks to the international reach of Island Records, the Wailers came to the world’s attention in the early 1970s via their albums Catch a Fire (1972) and Burnin’ (1973). Eric Clapton spread the group’s name even wider by recording a pop-friendly version of “I Shot The Sheriff” from the latter album. With the departure of Tosh and Wailer in 1974, Marley took center stage in the group, and by the late 70s he had turned out a string of albums—Exodus (1977), featuring “Jamming,” “Waiting In Vain” and “One Love/People Get Ready;” Kaya (1978), featuring “Is This Love” and “Sun Is Shining”; and Uprising (1980), featuring “Could You Be Loved” and “Redemption Song.”
While none of the aforementioned songs was anything approaching a hit in the United States during Bob Marley’s lifetime, they constitute a legacy that has only increased his fame in the years since his death on this day in 1981.
|
|||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
3
| 92
|
https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-38142699
|
en
|
'I was there when gunmen tried to kill Bob Marley'
|
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[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Mike Lanchin",
"www.facebook.com"
] |
2016-12-04T00:43:08+00:00
|
It's 40 years since would-be assassins tried to kill Bob Marley. Nancy Burke was at the singer's house as the shootings took place.
|
en
|
BBC News
|
https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-38142699
|
It's 40 years since would-be assassins tried to kill Bob Marley, the most famous reggae artist of all time. Nancy Burke, who was at the singer's house in Kingston, Jamaica, as the shootings took place, recalls what happened.
During the 1970s, Marley led the way in the Caribbean island as it became the reggae capital of the world. Burke, who lived next door to him, was the girlfriend of his art designer and became part of his crowd.
"I love the music, I love his lyrics, I love the beat, I love the band," she says. "So it was a great privilege to be there, backstage, on the bus, going to shows."
Marley may have been a potent symbol of the country's musical success, but 1970s Jamaica was an impoverished and divided nation, with violent gangs fighting for control over the poorest neighbourhoods.
The left-wing Prime Minister Michael Manley was a polarising figure and political tensions and violence were rife, especially when there were elections on the horizon.
In late 1976, a general election was due to be held. Marley had previously backed Manley, but this time the singer wanted to distance himself from the government.
To try to help calm passions, Marley suggested holding a free outdoor concert in Kingston in December. But when the prime minister publicly endorsed the idea, and even moved the date of the vote to coincide with the event, Marley was left looking like a government stooge.
Burke had been away in London, chaperoning one of Marley's girlfriends, Cindy Breakspeare, at the Miss World contest. They arrived back on the island on the afternoon of 3 December 1976. After showering and changing, Burke went to see Marley at home.
"As I was walking towards the house, I just had this very quick moment of dread," she says. "I just shuddered."
She noticed the gate was closed, which was unusual. But inside the house, Burke recalls, everyone seemed relaxed. The band were taking a break from rehearsals.
Someone asked Burke to move her car to let Marley's wife, Rita, take her own car out. As the front gates opened for Rita to leave, another car slipped in. Burke was by then in a back room chatting with some children and Marley's lawyer, Diane Jobson.
"I had just entered that room and started talking to them about Miss World when this barrage of gunfire started, really close. I mean, right there," Burke says.
"You could hear this gunfire going on and on and all these shots being fired. And it was so shocking because we couldn't see it, but it was just a few feet away.
"I sank to my knees, I just didn't know what to do. The light was on and we just thought they were going to come in and mow us down. It was scary, very scary. It was just a bedroom so there wasn't anywhere to go. The kids went under the bed but I couldn't."
Three gunmen, who'd driven in as Rita was leaving, had rushed into the house, spraying the place with bullets. Marley and the musicians had dived for cover.
The shooters then sped off into the night, not pausing to survey the chaos they'd left behind.
"The silence after seemed like forever, which was even more terrifying," Burke recalls.
"The next sound I heard was somebody calling out to Diane, saying: 'Diane, Diane, come quick, Bob is shot.'"
Burke stayed in the bedroom with the children until the police arrived. "That was the first point I decided to step out of this room," she says.
"While I was doing that I saw Bob walk out with the police and he was holding his left arm. It was fantastic to see him on foot - looking really, really angry."
It had been a very lucky escape for everyone. Marley had been hit in the arm and chest. His manager, Don Taylor, had been hit in the groin. No-one else was seriously wounded.
Who'd carried out the shooting? Who'd sent the gunmen? Why hadn't they finished off the job? These were all questions that hung in the air. The shooting remains shrouded in mystery and the gunmen were never found.
"I've heard rumours that they were taken care of, they're not alive," says Burke. "Somebody must know something. But it's hard to know what the reality is."
Two days later, an injured Marley turned up to play for more than 80,000 fans at the free open-air concert in Kingston. Burke was too scared to go.
"Nobody had been caught, nobody knew how or why. It was too frightening for me. I was too close to it the first time. I couldn't face that so soon again."
Marley spent the next two years in self-imposed exile in London, then touring, producing some of his best work. In his short life he released 11 albums, four of them live.
Burke kept close contact with Marley during the final years of his life, until his death from cancer in May 1981. He was just 36 years old.
"The last time I saw Bob before he died he had removed the locks, he had started to lose weight," Burke says.
"He was very withdrawn, quite small. He was shrinking in front of us.
"When he died we were in New York when we heard. It was definitely one of the worst moments ever of my life. I still feel it's part of my mission to make sure people won't forget about Bob Marley. Which they won't, he's done that for himself."
|
|||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
0
| 28
|
https://californiarocknews.com/2021/04/19/ziggy-marleys-live-tribute-to-bob-marley-kicked-off-season-2-of-concerts-in-your-car-at-ventura-county-fairgrounds-april-17-2021/
|
en
|
CALIFORNIA ROCK NEWSZiggy Marley’s Live Tribute to Bob Marley Kicked off Season 2 of Concerts In Your Car at Ventura County Fairgrounds April 17, 2021
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[
""
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2021-04-19T00:00:00
|
Photos by Alex Kluft https://www.instagram.com/p/CQFjOslH8VG/?utm_medium=copy_link Once the Covid-19 pandemic began in the U.S. in March 2020 concerts began to be postponed and ultimately cancelled as well as any kind of in-person event. With any kind of gathering being put on hold live-stream concerts became the new normal until live concerts could resume, however to be…
|
en
|
CALIFORNIA ROCK NEWS
|
https://californiarocknews.com/2021/04/19/ziggy-marleys-live-tribute-to-bob-marley-kicked-off-season-2-of-concerts-in-your-car-at-ventura-county-fairgrounds-april-17-2021/comment-page-1/#comments
|
Photos by Alex Kluft
Once the Covid-19 pandemic began in the U.S. in March 2020 concerts began to be postponed and ultimately cancelled as well as any kind of in-person event. With any kind of gathering being put on hold live-stream concerts became the new normal until live concerts could resume, however to be able to make it work with social distancing guidelines drive-in concerts kicked off. Concerts in your car had a great season last year at the Ventura Country Fairgrounds including 311, Bush, Snoop Dogg, Cypress Hill, and the Beach Boys.
Concerts In Your Car is back, as the season kicked off Saturday night with none other than Ziggy Marley paying tribute to his father, the great Bob Marley. Last year would’ve been Marley’s 75th birthday and May 11 this year marks the 40th anniversary of his untimely passing at the age of 36.
Bob Marley left behind an incredible legacy and is known to be the greatest Reggae artist of all time. Ziggy Marley, the oldest son in the family is an 8-time Grammy winner, played two back-to-back shows in Ventura to capacity crowds.
Safe and socially distant, this concert promotion offers something truly special to people of all ages with nice afternoons and evenings enjoying fantastic music with the beach as a backdrop.
Ziggy kicked off the show with “The Heathen” and ended with “Exodus” with a large portion of the songs from Bob Marley and The Wailers, along with a few Ziggy classics:
The show was full of fantastic musicianship, sound, sight lines and a very memorable performance that truly honored Bob Marley’s legacy. Everyone onstage and in the crowd looked so happy to be there as music and love filled the air. It was a truly special event at just the right time. Ziggy Marley and his band have a few more dates coming up and put on a show you won’t want to miss: https://www.ziggymarley.com
|
|||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
1
| 25
|
https://inews.co.uk/culture/bob-marley-life-death-2903053
|
en
|
How did Bob Marley die? Inside the life of reggae star before his tragic death
|
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[
"Will McCurdy"
] |
2024-02-13T12:16:56+00:00
|
Bob Marley's inescapable mark on music and popular culture before he passed away at 36 is being celebrated in the bio-pic 'One Love'
|
en
|
inews.co.uk
|
https://inews.co.uk/culture/bob-marley-life-death-2903053
|
Bob Marley left behind an inescapable mark on music and popular culture before he passed away at the age of 36.
By the time of his tragic death in 1981, Marley had become one of the most recognisable figures in pop music, despite only having a relatively short time in the spotlight.
Marley helped to popularise Jamaican culture in the mainstream, including the reggae genre of music, previously obscure to white audiences, as well as his religion of Rastafarianism, a unique type of Christianity, in the Western world. At the same time he managed to score numerous top 10 UK hits, and put out multiple critically acclaimed albums, creating a cottage merchandise industry that still exists to this day.
The star has so far sold 75 million records worldwide, and has been included on numerous best artists of all time lists by publications including Rolling Stone and he even received an award from the UN for his work on bringing world peace.
Marley’s life is still being immortalised in film and television. One Love, a new biopic movie based on his life, is out in UK cinemas now. But this isn’t the first time we’ve seen Marley’s real life come to screen, in 2020 the BBC captured a unique slice of the star’s life, a 1972 visit to a school in Peckham, south London, in When Bob Marley Came to Britain.
We’ve also seen hit West End musicals dedicated to star’s life. Get Up, Stand Up! The Bob Marley Story, began its run in 2021 in the newly refurbished Lyric Theatre, and it still plays off and on in London, with actor Arinzé Kene often reprising the main role.
Where was Bob Marley born?
Marley was born 1945 in the Jamaican countryside to an English father and Jamaican mother, in town of Nine Miles in the district of St. Ann. This means it would have been his 75th birthday in 2020.
Little is known about Marley’s father, but Norval Marley was an ex-officer in the British Army and had a baby with his mother Cedella, who was aged just 18, at the age of 65.
His father was working as a manager on a sugar plantation where his mother worked.
Though his father did support the young family financially, he saw them relatively little. His biological father died while Marley was just 10, and his mother would later remarry, giving him two half-brothers.
Marley’s childhood was also a formative time for Marley’s music. Growing up in Nine Miles is where he would meet his later collaborator Bunny Wailer, who played with him as part of his group The Wailers.
But the rural part of Marley’s upbringing was only temporary, he would soon move with his mother to the Jamaican capital of Kingston. Here he would meet his later collaborator and bandmate Pete Tosh, and they started playing music together while still in secondary school.
How many children did Bob Marley have and was he married?
Many of the reggae stars’ children have gone on to have remarkable careers on their own terms, in fields as diverse as fashion, business, authors, sports and music. The star had 11 acknowledged children with seven different mothers before his death.
He married Rita Marley, also a reggae musician in her own right, in 1961 and went on to have three children with her, and also adopted two of her children from a previous marriage.
Many of his children have gone on to find fame on their own terms, including Damian Marley, mainly known for his mid 2000’s Grammy award smash hit “Welcome to Jamrock”, which Pitchfork Media named as one of the best songs of the 2000s. He also went on to produce an album with acclaimed rapper Nas.
Stephen Marley would go on to mainly find fame as a music producer, working with artists such as Lauryn Hill, Erykah Badu, Guru, Busta Rhymes, MC Lyte, Steven Tyler, Joe Perry, Chuck D, and The Roots, winning four Grammy Awards for his work.
What were Bob Marley’s most iconic songs?
Marley’s back catalogue included all different types of songs, from ballads such “Redemption Song”, which explored some of the more troubling aspects of black history, to catchy, more groove-based songs such as “Stir it up” and “Jamming”.
“No Woman, No Cry” has remained one of Marley’s most popular songs, and has sold 600,000 units in the UK alone and peaked at Number 2 in the UK charts.
The song prompted different interpretations from listeners over the years, depending on how you interpret Marley’s Jamaican patois. The live version of the song, recorded at the Lyceum Theatre, was ranked number 37 on Rolling Stone‘s 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.
A Bob Marley greatest hit album, Legend, spent 1,119 weeks in the top 100 of the UK Albums Chart, the third-longest run in that chart’s history, and has sold more than 3.3 million in the UK alone.
Though Marley didn’t perform the version himself, Eric Clapton’s performance of “I Shot the Sheriff” reached Number One in US chart in 1974.
How did Bob Marley die?
Marley died in 1981 from a rare form of skin cancer just under his right toe at the age of 36. He first noticed the injury after being injured in a football match in Paris, and the injury refused to heal, a common symptom of melanoma.
According to some sources, Marley refused to get the toe amputated due to a mixture of his religious beliefs and his desire not to impact his performance on tour.
He was operated on, but the operation didn’t work, and the cancer would later spread throughout the rest of his body, and at one point his famed dreadlocks became too heavy for his feeble frame.
The illness never stopped him from touring. According to some oral histories, one doctor told him he had “more cancer in him than I’ve seen with a live human being” and that “he might as well go back out on the road and die there” seeing as he just had a few months to live.
He played his last show on 23 September 1980, in Pittsburgh.
|
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wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
2
| 70
|
https://www.bobmarleymuseum.com/bob-marley-home-museum-tour/
|
en
|
Bob Marley House Tour Kingston, Jamaica
|
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Explore Bob Marley's beautiful home and experience a piece of the legendary musician's life in Kingston, Jamaica. Book a house tour online today.
|
en
|
The Bob Marley Museum
|
https://www.bobmarleymuseum.com/bob-marley-home-museum-tour/
|
Bob Marley House Tour in Kingston, Jamaica
The Bob Marley Museum is the former home of the reggae legend. Bob’s home is filled with rich memories and treasured mementos, which seek to preserve the life and accomplishment of this great Jamaican and outstanding musician.
Enter the Museum and allow us to envelop you with the sights and sounds of Bob, as you take a guided tour of this Jamaican Heritage Site. Our friendly, charming and knowledgeable guides will escort you through the grounds, which include the main house, exhibition hall, theatre, gift shops and the One Love Café.
All the original rooms have been kept as they were when Bob lived here to ensure authenticity. The displays include a life size 3-dimensional hologram of Bob from the One Love Peace Concert in 1978, his Grammy Lifetime Achievement award, his personal recording studio, his bedroom, favourite clothing, a vast array of gold and platinum records received from all around the world, as well as the costumes of his back-up singers, the I-Threes.
The air-conditioned theatre boasts modern state-of-the-art projection equipment, where live performances of Bob are showcased to each guided tour. The One Love Café serves Marley inspired recipes and juices, and you will find a variety of Bob Marley souvenir items available at the Bob Marley Gift Shop.
Tour Accessibility and Activity Level
This 75-minute cultural excursion is a leisurely walk and is partially handicap accessible for guests with collapsible wheelchairs and walkers. Please be mindful, however, that the house itself is a two-storey building with narrow stairs. Three restrooms are available to patrons along the tour pathway. We suggest international guests wear comfortable clothing including walking shoes. As with all tropical climes, insect repellent, sunscreen and attention to hydration are encouraged.
1 hour and 15 minutes (including a 20-minute video presentation)
|
|||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
0
| 86
|
https://www.timeout.com/los-angeles/movies/all-of-las-outdoor-movies-in-one-calendar
|
en
|
All of L.A.’s outdoor movies in one calendar
|
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] | null |
[
"Michael Juliano"
] |
2024-07-19T07:00:00+00:00
|
Looking to catch a flick under the stars 💫? Here's your complete guide to outdoor movie screenings 📽in L.A., from old classics to new releases.
|
en
|
/static/images/favicon.ico
|
Time Out Los Angeles
|
https://www.timeout.com/los-angeles/movies/all-of-las-outdoor-movies-in-one-calendar
|
Outdoor movies combine two things we love about L.A.: an appreciation of movie-making and spending as much time as possible outside. Alfresco screenings usually start to pop up across the city in the early spring and continue into the fall and holiday season, be it atop rooftop bars, at L.A.’s best parks or even at a Hollywood cemetery.
Most of our favorite outdoor series fall into two formats: Alfresco screenings where moviegoers bring their own chair or blanket and can pack together some picnic food, and rooftop ones where you’ll be offered a seat and some on-site snacks as you catch films both old and new. (If you’re looking for a fun date idea, this one takes the cake.) Be sure to check back all year long for updates on the list, as new screenings are always being added.
Looking to see a new movie any night of the week? Check out the best movie theaters in L.A. or the few remaining old-school drive-in movie theaters. And for some at-home inspiration, you can always catch up on the best L.A. movies of all time.
For screenings with multiple movies on a single night, each film is separately ticketed unless otherwise noted. Also, movie selections tend to change, but we’ll do our best to keep the list below updated on a weekly basis.
A month-by-month calendar of L.A.’s outdoor movies
July
July 1
Rooftop Cinema Club presents Grease at LEVEL DTLA.
July 2
Rooftop Cinema Club presents White Chicks at LEVEL DTLA.
July 3
Rooftop Cinema Club presents Drive Me Crazy at LEVEL DTLA.
July 4
Cinespia presents Rocky + Fireworks at Hollywood Forever Cemetery.
Rooftop Cinema Club presents Independence Day + A Nightmare on Elm Street at LEVEL DTLA.
Tropicana Movie Nights presents Jaws at the Hollywood Roosevelt.
July 5
Cinespia presents Charlie’s Angels + Fireworks at Hollywood Forever Cemetery.
Movies at the Steps presents Little Giants at the Culver Steps.
Movies on the Roof presents Independence Day at Westfield Fashion Square.
Rooftop Cinema Club presents Dirty Dancing + Independence Day at LEVEL DTLA.
July 6
Cinespia presents Shrek 2 + Fireworks at Hollywood Forever Cemetery.
Movies on the Roof presents Top Gun at Westfield Fashion Square.
Rooftop Cinema Club presents The Sandlot + The Blackening at LEVEL DTLA.
Street Food Cinema presents National Treasure at the Autry.
Street Food Cinema presents The Devil Wears Prada at Grand Hope Park.
July 7
Rooftop Cinema Club presents 10 Things I Hate About You at LEVEL DTLA.
Summer Poolside Cinema presents Independence Day at the Fairmont Miramar Hotel & Bungalows Santa Monica.
July 8
Rooftop Cinema Club presents La La Land at LEVEL DTLA.
July 9
Moonlight Movies on the Beach presents The Meg at Granada Beach.
Rooftop Cinema Club presents Bob Marley: One Love at LEVEL DTLA.
July 10
Cinespia presents Sausage Party: Foodtopia at Hollywood Forever Cemetery.
July 11
Films in the Forest presents Selena at TreePeople.
Moonlight Movies on the Beach presents Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3 at Long Beach City College, Liberal Arts Campus.
Night Flix Series presents Migration at Plaza West Covina.
Rooftop Cinema Club presents Anchorman: The Legend of Ron Burgundy + Juice at LEVEL DTLA.
Tropicana Movie Nights presents Moana at the Hollywood Roosevelt.
July 12
Movies at the Steps presents Stuart Little at the Culver Steps.
Movies on the Roof presents West Side Story at Westfield Fashion Square.
OC Parks Sunset Cinema presents Trolls Band Together at Mason Regional Park (Irvine).
Outdoor Movies at the Skirball presents Pan’s Labyrinth at the Skirball.
Rooftop Cinema Club presents American Pie + Goodfellas at LEVEL DTLA.
The LA Phil presents Maestro of the Movies: The Music of John Williams and More at the Hollywood Bowl.
July 13
Cinespia presents Midsommar at Hollywood Forever Cemetery.
Classic Films Under the Stars presents Crime Wave at Brand Park (Glendale).
Movies on the Roof presents Moulin Rouge! at Westfield Fashion Square.
Movies Under the Stars presents Pitch Perfect at One Colorado (Pasadena).
Rooftop Cinema Club presents White Chicks + Scream at LEVEL DTLA.
Street Food Cinema presents Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles at the Autry.
Street Food Cinema presents The Princess Diaries at Will Rogers State Historic Park.
The LA Phil presents Maestro of the Movies: The Music of John Williams and More at the Hollywood Bowl.
July 14
Rooftop Cinema Club presents The Greatest Showman at LEVEL DTLA.
Summer Poolside Cinema presents Sideways at the Fairmont Miramar Hotel & Bungalows Santa Monica.
The LA Phil presents Maestro of the Movies: The Music of John Williams and More at the Hollywood Bowl.
July 15
Rooftop Cinema Club presents The Notebook at LEVEL DTLA.
July 16
Moonlight Movies on the Beach presents The Princess Bride at Granada Beach.
Rooftop Cinema Club presents Almost Famous at LEVEL DTLA.
July 17
Rooftop Cinema Club presents 500 Days of Summer at LEVEL DTLA.
July 18
Tropicana Movie Nights presents Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl at the Hollywood Roosevelt.
July 19
Movies & Moonlight presents Barbie at 2nd & PCH (Long Beach).
Movies at the Steps presents Honey, I Shrunk the Kids at the Culver Steps.
Movies on the Roof presents Clueless at Westfield Fashion Square.
OC Parks Sunset Cinema presents Barbie at Yorba Regional Park (Anaheim).
Rooftop Cinema Club presents The Wood + The Blair Witch Project at LEVEL DTLA.
Summer Movie Nights presents The Little Mermaid at Hart Park (Santa Clarita).
The LA Phil presents Disney ’80s-’90s Celebration in Concert at the Hollywood Bowl.
July 20
Cinespia presents Empire Records at Hollywood Forever Cemetery.
Films in the Forest presents FernGully: The Last Rainforest at TreePeople.
Movies on the Roof presents Romeo + Juliet at Westfield Fashion Square.
Rooftop Cinema Club presents La La Land at LEVEL DTLA.
Street Food Cinema presents Jurassic Park at L.A. State Historic Park.
Street Food Cinema presents Garden State at the Autry.
The LA Phil presents Disney ’80s-’90s Celebration in Concert at the Hollywood Bowl.
July 21
Films on the Green presents My Donkey, My Lover, & I at the Hollyhock House.
Rooftop Cinema Club presents Coyote Ugly at LEVEL DTLA.
Summer Poolside Cinema presents Aquamarine at the Fairmont Miramar Hotel & Bungalows Santa Monica.
July 22
Rooftop Cinema Club presents Twilight at LEVEL DTLA.
July 23
Moonlight Movies on the Beach presents The Sandlot at Granada Beach.
Rooftop Cinema Club presents Pride & Prejudice at LEVEL DTLA.
July 24
Rooftop Cinema Club presents Selena at LEVEL DTLA.
July 25
Rooftop Cinema Club presents White Chicks + High Fidelity at LEVEL DTLA.
Tropicana Movie Nights presents Point Break at the Hollywood Roosevelt.
July 26
Friday Movie Nights presents The Lego Movie at Ovation Hollywood.
Movies at the Steps presents 101 Dalmatians at the Culver Steps.
Movies on the Roof presents Remember the Titans at Westfield Fashion Square.
OC Parks Sunset Cinema presents National Treasure at Yorba Regional Park (Anaheim).
Rooftop Cinema Club presents Across the Universe + Scream at LEVEL DTLA.
July 27
Cinespia presents La Bamba at Hollywood Forever Cemetery.
Movies on the Roof presents The Sandlot at Westfield Fashion Square.
Movies Under the Stars presents Legally Blonde at One Colorado (Pasadena).
Rooftop Cinema Club presents A Star is Born at LEVEL DTLA.
Street Food Cinema presents Back to the Future Part III at the Autry.
The Barbie Land Sinfonietta presents Barbie at the Hollywood Bowl.
July 28
Rooftop Cinema Club presents Grease at LEVEL DTLA.
Summer Poolside Cinema presents Flamin’ Hot at the Fairmont Miramar Hotel & Bungalows Santa Monica.
July 29
Rooftop Cinema Club presents How to Lose a Guy in 10 Days at LEVEL DTLA.
July 30
Rooftop Cinema Club presents The Devil Wears Prada at LEVEL DTLA.
July 31
Rooftop Cinema Club presents 10 Things I Hate About You at LEVEL DTLA.
August
Aug 1
Rooftop Cinema Club presents The Mask + American Psycho at LEVEL DTLA.
Tropicana Movie Nights presents Almost Famous at the Hollywood Roosevelt.
Aug 2
OC Parks Sunset Cinema presents Frozen II at Irvine Regional Park (Orange).
Rooftop Cinema Club presents Legally Blonde + Godzilla x Kong: The New Empire at LEVEL DTLA.
Summer Movie Nights presents Transformers: Rise of the Beasts at Hart Park (Santa Clarita).
Aug 3
Cinespia presents Bridesmaids at Hollywood Forever Cemetery.
Classic Films Under the Stars presents Bye Bye Birdie at Brand Park (Glendale).
Rooftop Cinema Club presents Drop Dead Gorgeous + Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind at LEVEL DTLA.
Street Food Cinema presents Mad Max: Fury Road at Will Rogers State Historic Park.
Street Food Cinema presents Grease at Westdrift Golf Course.
Aug 4
Rooftop Cinema Club presents The Great Gatsby at LEVEL DTLA.
Summer Poolside Cinema presents The Proposal at the Fairmont Miramar Hotel & Bungalows Santa Monica.
Aug 5
Rooftop Cinema Club presents Pretty Woman at LEVEL DTLA.
Street Food Cinema presents The Incredibles at Pearson Park Amphitheatre (Anaheim).
Aug 6
Moonlight Movies on the Beach presents The Breakfast Club at Granada Beach.
Rooftop Cinema Club presents La La Land at LEVEL DTLA.
Aug 7
Rooftop Cinema Club presents Jurassic Park at LEVEL DTLA.
Aug 8
Rooftop Cinema Club presents The Proposal + The Sixth Sense at LEVEL DTLA.
Tropicana Movie Nights presents Once Upon a Time… in Hollywood at the Hollywood Roosevelt.
Aug 9
OC Parks Sunset Cinema presents Napoleon Dynamite at Irvine Regional Park (Orange).
Rooftop Cinema Club presents Dick + Friday at LEVEL DTLA.
Aug 10
Cinespia presents True Romance at Hollywood Forever Cemetery.
Rooftop Cinema Club presents 50 First Dates + Jennifer’s Body at LEVEL DTLA.
Street Food Cinema presents Clueless at Grand Hope Park.
Street Food Cinema presents The Mummy at the Autry.
Aug 11
Rooftop Cinema Club presents Inception at LEVEL DTLA.
Summer Poolside Cinema presents Bohemian Rhapsody at the Fairmont Miramar Hotel & Bungalows Santa Monica.
Aug 12
Rooftop Cinema Club presents Anyone But You at LEVEL DTLA.
Aug 13
Moonlight Movies on the Beach presents Mamma Mia! at Granada Beach.
Rooftop Cinema Club presents Mamma Mia! at LEVEL DTLA.
Aug 14
Rooftop Cinema Club presents Love Jones at LEVEL DTLA.
Aug 15
Rooftop Cinema Club presents American Pie at LEVEL DTLA.
Tropicana Movie Nights presents Boyz n the Hood at the Hollywood Roosevelt.
Aug 16
Movies & Moonlight presents Jumanji at 2nd & PCH (Long Beach).
OC Parks Sunset Cinema presents The Super Mario Bros. Movie at Laguna Niguel Regional Park.
Rooftop Cinema Club presents Crazy, Stupid, Love + Pulp Fiction at LEVEL DTLA.
Aug 17
Cinespia presents Bring It On + The Virgin Suicides (double feature) at Hollywood Forever Cemetery.
Rooftop Cinema Club presents She’s All That + 500 Days of Summer at LEVEL DTLA.
Street Food Cinema presents Super Troopers at the Autry.
Aug 18
Rooftop Cinema Club presents Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone at LEVEL DTLA.
Summer Poolside Cinema presents Super Troopers at the Fairmont Miramar Hotel & Bungalows Santa Monica.
Aug 19
Rooftop Cinema Club presents The Fall Guy at LEVEL DTLA.
Aug 20
Moonlight Movies on the Beach presents A League of Their Own at Granada Beach.
Rooftop Cinema Club presents The Wood at LEVEL DTLA.
Aug 21
Rooftop Cinema Club presents The Notebook at LEVEL DTLA.
Aug 22
Moonlight Movies on the Beach presents Coco at Long Beach City College, Liberal Arts Campus.
Rooftop Cinema Club presents White Chicks + The Fall Guy at LEVEL DTLA.
Tropicana Movie Nights presents Swingers at the Hollywood Roosevelt.
Aug 23
OC Parks Sunset Cinema presents 13 Going on 30 at Laguna Niguel Regional Park.
Rooftop Cinema Club presents Jawbreaker + The Dark Knight at LEVEL DTLA.
The Natural World of Studio Ghibli presents Princess Mononoke at the Ford.
Aug 24
Cinespia presents The Nightmare Before Christmas at Hollywood Forever Cemetery.
Rooftop Cinema Club presents Twilight + Fight Club at LEVEL DTLA.
Street Food Cinema presents Crazy, Stupid, Love at Will Rogers State Historic Park.
Street Food Cinema presents Spider-Man 2 at the Autry.
The Natural World of Studio Ghibli presents Spirited Away at the Ford.
Aug 25
Rooftop Cinema Club presents Scarface at LEVEL DTLA.
Summer Poolside Cinema presents TBA at the Fairmont Miramar Hotel & Bungalows Santa Monica.
The Natural World of Studio Ghibli presents Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind at the Ford.
Aug 26
Rooftop Cinema Club presents Pride & Prejudice at LEVEL DTLA.
Aug 27
Rooftop Cinema Club presents 10 Things I Hate About You at LEVEL DTLA.
The LA Phil presents Singin’ in the Rain at the Hollywood Bowl.
Aug 28
Rooftop Cinema Club presents Poetic Justice at LEVEL DTLA.
Aug 29
Rooftop Cinema Club presents Everything Everywhere All at Once at LEVEL DTLA.
Tropicana Movie Nights presents La La Land at the Hollywood Roosevelt.
Aug 30
Friday Movie Nights presents Barbie at Ovation Hollywood.
OC Parks Sunset Cinema presents The Goonies at Salt Creek Beach Bluff Park (Dana Point).
Rooftop Cinema Club presents Scream at LEVEL DTLA.
The LA Phil presents Marvel Studios’ Infinity Saga Concert Experience at the Hollywood Bowl.
Aug 31
Cinespia presents The Shining at Hollywood Forever Cemetery.
Rooftop Cinema Club presents The Virgin Suicides + La La Land at LEVEL DTLA.
Street Food Cinema presents 10 Things I Hate About You at the Autry.
The LA Phil presents Marvel Studios’ Infinity Saga Concert Experience at the Hollywood Bowl.
September
Sept 1
Cinespia presents Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince at Hollywood Forever Cemetery.
Rooftop Cinema Club presents Back to the Future + Pretty Woman at LEVEL DTLA.
Street Food Cinema presents The Princess Bride at the Los Angeles Equestrian Center.
Summer Poolside Cinema presents Napoleon Dynamite at the Fairmont Miramar Hotel & Bungalows Santa Monica.
Sept 2
Rooftop Cinema Club presents The Sandlot + Goodfellas at LEVEL DTLA.
Sept 5
Tropicana Movie Nights presents Purple Rain at the Hollywood Roosevelt.
Sept 7
Cinespia presents Chicago at Hollywood Forever Cemetery.
Sept 12
Tropicana Movie Nights presents Grease (sing-along) at the Hollywood Roosevelt.
Sept 13
Movies & Moonlight presents IF at 2nd & PCH (Long Beach).
Sept 14
Cinespia presents Pee-wee’s Big Adventure at Hollywood Forever Cemetery.
Street Food Cinema presents La La Land in Concert at L.A. State Historic Park.
Sept 15
Street Food Cinema presents La La Land in Concert at L.A. State Historic Park.
Sept 19
Tropicana Movie Nights presents Cabaret at the Hollywood Roosevelt.
Sept 21
Street Food Cinema presents Selena at Grand Hope Park.
The LA Phil presents Rodgers & Hammerstein’s The Sound of Music Sing-A-Long at the Hollywood Bowl.
Sept 26
Tropicana Movie Nights presents Chicago at the Hollywood Roosevelt.
Sept 27
Friday Movie Nights presents Hook at Ovation Hollywood.
October
Oct 3
Tropicana Movie Nights presents A Nightmare on Elm Street at the Hollywood Roosevelt.
Oct 10
Tropicana Movie Nights presents The Birds at the Hollywood Roosevelt.
Oct 17
Tropicana Movie Nights presents Get Out at the Hollywood Roosevelt.
Oct 24
Tropicana Movie Nights presents Carrie at the Hollywood Roosevelt.
Oct 25
Friday Movie Nights presents Hotel Transylvania at Ovation Hollywood.
Oct 30
Street Food Cinema presents The Shining at the Ford.
Oct 31
Street Food Cinema presents Young Frankenstein at the Ford.
Tropicana Movie Nights presents The Shining at the Hollywood Roosevelt.
November
Nov 29
|
||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
0
| 68
|
https://www.cbc.ca/news/entertainment/serbs-stir-it-up-with-bob-marley-statue-1.726554
|
en
|
Serbs 'Stir It Up' with Bob Marley statue
|
[
"https://www.cbc.ca/a/images/nojsimg.gif"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"CBC Arts"
] |
2008-08-24T19:48:00+00:00
|
A village in Serbia has unveiled what officials are saying is Europe's first statue of late reggae legend Bob Marley, as a symbol of peace and tolerance in the region, which is still recovering from civil war.
|
en
|
/a/apple-touch-icon.png
|
CBC
|
https://www.cbc.ca/news/entertainment/serbs-stir-it-up-with-bob-marley-statue-1.726554
|
A village in Serbia has unveiled what officials are saying is Europe's first statue of late reggae legend Bob Marley, as a symbol of tolerance in the region, which is still recovering from civil war.
"Bob Marley promoted peace and tolerance in his music," said Mirko Miljus, one of the organizers, at the unveiling at midnight local time on Saturday.
Two musicians — one from Croatia and another from Serbia — presented the monument in the village of Banatski Sokolac. The ceremony came during a gathering of rock bands from the Balkans.
Following the breakup of the former Yugoslavia and the vicious civil war that erupted in the 1990s, people from the different ethnic groups have struggled to come together.
This latest monument seems to follow a new Balkan tradition of honouring celebrities that have little to do with the region. Bosnians have erected a monument to Bruce Lee in the town of Mostar and Serbs have put up a statue to Rocky Balboa in northern Serbia.
Marley, of Jamaica, died in 1981 at age 36.
His famous tunes include No Woman, No Cry, Could You Be Loved, Stir It Up, I Shot the Sheriff, One Love, Redemption Song and Buffalo Soldier.
|
||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
1
| 24
|
https://www.hellomagazine.com/healthandbeauty/health-and-fitness/512427/bob-marley-how-did-reggae-star-die-battle-with-melanoma-explained/
|
en
|
How did Bob Marley die? Inside the tragic death of reggae star as One Love biopic film is released
|
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"Megan Bull"
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2024-02-13T17:12:09.747000+00:00
|
Bob Marley passed away at the age of 36, on 11 May 1981. The reggae star – and inspiration behind the One Love biopic – had received a shocking diagnosis.
|
en
|
/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png
|
HELLO!
|
https://www.hellomagazine.com/healthandbeauty/health-and-fitness/512427/bob-marley-how-did-reggae-star-die-battle-with-melanoma-explained/
|
On 11 May 1981, the world lost one of its brightest lights. Bob Marley, aged 36, was pronounced dead following a battle with a type of malignant melanoma. The reggae star – revered for his messages of love and unity – had passed away at Cedars of Lebanon Hospital in Miami, Florida.
Bob – who survived an assassination attempt in December 1976 – had been living with acral lentiginous melanoma for 22 months by the time of his passing. Back in 1978, the star had noticed a dark spot under his toenail, which he'd attributed to a soccer injury. But, with further investigation, Bob was diagnosed with acral lentiginous melanoma – a rare and aggressive type of skin cancer.
Initially, doctors recommended a toe amputation, but Bob declined due to his Rastafarian faith, which considers the removal of any part of the body to be a sin. Instead, the father-of-eleven opted for alternative treatment, receiving excision surgery.
According to Cancer Research, excision surgery is a "small operation" that involves a doctor removing "a larger area of healthy skin and tissue from around where the melanoma was." However, in Bob's case, it proved unsuccessful.
By 1980, the musician's cancer had metastasised, spreading to his brain, lungs, and liver. During his final tour, Bob headed for a jog in Central Park before collapsing, which prompted him to cancel his remaining tour dates.
After pursuing a diet-based cancer treatment under Josef Issels in Germany, the reggae legend decided to fly back to Jamaica, but during his journey home, his symptoms worsened, forcing Bob to touch down in Miami and head to Cedars of Lebanon Hospital, where he sadly passed away.
Bob's son, Ziggy Marley, revealed his father's final words to him. In an Instagram post, he shared: "The last thing my father told me was: 'On your way up, take me up. On your way down, don't let me down.'
MORE: Toby Keith's grieving son shares photo with 'hero' dad alongside heartbreaking tribute following his death
READ: Kelly Ripa and Mark Consuelos deliver heartbreaking 'personal' news on Live!
"A father telling his son that puts some responsibility on my shoulders," explained Ziggy. "He told me that, and I take it very seriously."
Following Bob's death, the singer was given a state funeral in Jamaica. With his body flown from Miami to Kingston, a mausoleum was constructed, and Prime Minister Edward Seaga prepared a eulogy.
Fans were also given the chance to pay their respects, and on the day before his funeral, 100,000 of them journeyed to the National Arena – where the ceremony would be held – to view his casket.
On 21 May 1981, Bob was officially laid to rest in the village of Nine Mile. His red Gibson Les Paul guitar, a football, a Bible opened at Psalm 23, and a stalk of ganja placed by his wife, Rita Marley, were buried alongside him.
|
||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
3
| 85
|
https://www.facebook.com/DJDancerider/videos/bob-marleys-death-by-peter-tosh/1238073187624559/
|
en
|
Bob Marley's death by Peter Tosh #bobmarley #Jamaica #reggae #thereggaeshed #blessed
|
[] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
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[] | null |
Bob Marley's death by Peter Tosh #bobmarley #Jamaica #reggae #thereggaeshed #blessed
|
de
|
https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/rsrc.php/yT/r/aGT3gskzWBf.ico
|
https://www.facebook.com/DJDancerider/videos/bob-marleys-death-by-peter-tosh/1238073187624559/
| ||||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
0
| 29
|
https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/bob-marley-one-love-stories-not-in-movie
|
en
|
5 Essential Bob Marley Facts That Didn’t Make It Into One Love
|
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[
"Jordan Hoffman",
"David Canfield",
"Hillary Busis",
"Joy Press",
"Chris Murphy",
"Katie Nicholl",
"Rebecca Ford",
"Marie Brenner",
"Radhika Jones",
"Jamilah Lemieux"
] |
2024-02-14T09:00:00-05:00
|
Who are Peter and Bunny—and how did Marley really react to his cancer diagnosis?
|
en
|
https://www.vanityfair.com/verso/static/vanity-fair-global/assets/favicon.ico
|
Vanity Fair
|
https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/bob-marley-one-love-stories-not-in-movie
|
Musical biopics are a tough nut to crack. If you go the cradle-to-the-grave route, you risk sounding like a Wikipedia entry. But focusing on a particular period in an artist’s life (like John Lennon’s early years in Nowhere Boy, or Kurt Cobain’s last days in Last Days) can sometimes be more successful.
Bob Marley: One Love, starring Kingsley Ben-Adir and Lashana Lynch as Bob and Rita Marley, hedges its bets a bit. The spine of the film takes place over two years, beginning with the assassination attempt made against Bob in 1976, then moving to time spent recording and touring in Europe, and ending with a “One Love Peace Concert” back in Jamaica in 1978. (The movie would have you believe that this event solved all of that nation’s political problems through the power of song; in reality, the organizers of the show were both murdered within a couple of years after the concert.)
Sprinkled throughout these two key years—during which time he would expand his sound for the Exodus album, discover he had a rare form of cancer (and ignore his doctor’s medical advice), and have an argument with his wife—the film, coproduced by Marley’s family who worked with four credited screenwriters, flashes back to key moments in Marley’s life. While cracking the window like this does add resonance to some of the relationships, it also causes problems. Put bluntly: There’s a lot about Bob Marley that could have been included in One Love but was not.
Here are five tidbits that did not make the final cut.
“In a Government Yard in Trenchtown”
In one of Marley’s signature tunes, “No Woman, No Cry,” he sings to his wife, Rita, about the place where they grew up: Trenchtown, in Kingston, Jamaica. Another tune, “Trenchtown Rock,” is all about how Marley found inspiration and camaraderie growing up in the dirt-poor area.
The opening title cards of Bob Marley: One Love do contain a passing reference to Trenchtown—but it is surprising that the unique culture of this community, which was so important to Marley’s work, never gets a center stage moment in the film.
The area was originally owned by a wealthy Irishman named Daniel Trench, which is probably where it got its name—although, during its years of squalor, it also had several visible trenches. It’s now fair to call it the most important neighborhood in the development of Jamaican music. In addition to Bob Marley and the Wailers, several other groups, like Toots and the Maytals, Alton Ellis, the Abyssinians, and the Mighty Diamonds have their roots there.
Babylon, Delaware 19801
In one of the film’s flashbacks, young Bob tells young Rita that his mother has left Jamaica to live in America. But he says he won’t follow her. (Later, after the attempts on both of their lives, Bob suggests that Rita take the children to live with his mother for a little while, which she does.)
But in reality, Bob Marley did spend some time deep in, of all places, Wilmington, Delaware. (Indeed, one can now take kids to a playground in One Love Park.) Just how long he lived there is up for debate. But it is known that he worked for a spell at a Chrysler plant in Newark, Delaware, in the 1960s, and this is what inspired his song “Night Shift.” He also worked as a lab assistant at DuPont. His mother ran a Jamaican music store there called Roots.
“Peter and Bunny”
During the aforementioned fight-with-the-wife scene outside a swank party in Paris, Rita says that “this” is why “Peter and Bunny left.” (The “this” in question is, one surmises, Bob’s controlling demeanor, but it’s a little unclear; the screenwriters and the guiding hand of the Marley estate did not turn in the world’s sharpest script.)
Peter and Bunny are Peter Tosh and Bunny Wailer, who were key collaborators of Marley’s before their breakup in 1974. Both had important careers of their own: Tosh’s Legalize It and Equal Rights albums are as essential to a robust record collection as Bob’s stuff, and the Wailers were still called the Wailers long after Bunny Wailer left.
One of the great flashback scenes in the movie is an audition the Wailing Wailers (as they were first called) make for an unidentified record producer, presumably Coxsone Dodd at Studio One. (They play “Simmer Down,” Marley’s first hit, and the sequence kills.) The closing credits do mention two actors playing Peter and Bunny, but they hardly register onscreen. Even with the bulk of the film taking place from 1976 to 1978, it seems strange that these two individuals are never formally introduced; it would be like making a movie about Sting where Stewart Copeland and Andy Summers are maybe in there for 45 seconds.
Ras Tafari
Bob Marley: One Love is to be praised for not diminishing the driving force of so much of Marley’s passion—his devotion to Rastafarian beliefs. If this movie were about a Christian, it would be called a “faith-based film.”
There are a few short sequences to help orient viewers in the religion (Bob came to it via Rita), and she explains some of the concepts, like why adherents use the term I and I and other Iyaric expressions. (My personal favorite is replacing the word “understand” with “overstand,” because Rastafarian philosophy emphasizes uplift.)
Key to Rastafarianism (and a recurring visual symbol in Bob Marley: One Love) is Haile Selassie I, the Emperor of Ethiopia from 1930 to 1974, with a short gap in the late 1930s. His birth name was Tafari Makonnen, with “Ras” being a title equivalent to “Prince.” Rastas worshipped Selassie as a living god, and continue to consider him a messiah. The movie takes it on faith that audiences know that he was a real political figure, and not just a mythological one riding a horse (as he is seen in Marley’s visions).
What Killed Bob Marley?
Bob Marley: One Love is a little unclear about how the great artist dealt with his cancer diagnosis. It is true that he first visited a physician after a soccer injury left his toe a bloody mess that did not heal. He then learned that the underlying problem was a rare kind of skin cancer—acral lentiginous melanoma. He was advised to amputate the toe but refused. (The movie leaves out that Marley reportedly made his decision based on his Rasta faith, which prevents believers from making “cuttings in their flesh.” Strict adherents have a whole list of things they are forbidden to do.)
In reality, Marley had an excision surgery, which removed the nail and seemed to leave him in good shape for a while. But still, the cancer spread, and he died in 1981 at the age of 36.
If there is one good thing about Marley’s early and possibly preventable death, it is how several health organizations, like skincancer.org, use this household name to assert the importance of early detection—and also to encourage people of color to look out for signs of skin cancer.
|
||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
3
| 93
|
https://stylecaster.com/entertainment/music/1696076/how-bob-marley-die/
|
en
|
How Did Bob Marley Die? Cause of Death, Cancer Diagnosis
|
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[
"Lea Veloso"
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2024-02-19T22:57:11+00:00
|
Here's how Bob Marley died and how his cancer diagnosis affected his performance lifestyle.
|
en
|
StyleCaster
|
https://stylecaster.com/entertainment/music/1696076/how-bob-marley-die/
|
A legend in music. He pioneered reggae and is cemented into music history as one of the best. How Bob Marley died is a tragic story, but one that was surrounded by family and community.
Bob Marley was born in Nine Mile, Jamaica, on February 6, 1945, and became friends with Bunny Wailer with whom he would eventually form Bob Marley and the Wailers. He married Rita Anderson and converted to Rastafari, where his songs “Redemption Song,” “Jah Live,” and “So Jah S’eh” were influenced by his own beliefs. Other popular songs of him include “Buffalo Soldier,” “No Woman, No Cry,” and “Three Little Birds.”
His life is now the subject of a new biopic titled Bob Marley: One Love. The movie stars Kingsley Ben-Adir as the musician while Bob Marley’s son Ziggy produced the film. While debuting the film details at CinemaCon in 2023, Ziggy revealed that the movie will be able to deepen their connection with the late icon and learn more about the adversity he faced in spreading his layered messages of rebellion, love and unity. Ziggy also gave “huge thanks” to the people of Jamaica “who were critical in ensuring the authenticity of this production.”
So how did Bob Marley die? Read more to find out.
How did Bob Marley die?
How did Bob Marley die? Bob Marley died from acral lentiginous melanoma, an aggressive type of cancer. Marley sought other forms of treatment that substituted western medicine. However, the cancer spread throughout his body to the point that a doctor told his manager Danny Sims that the musician had “more cancer in him than I’ve seen with a live human being.” Marley was on his way from Germany to Jamaica, but he deplaned in Florida and died at the University of Miami Hospital on May 11, 1981. Bob Marley’s last words to his son Ziggy were, “Money can’t buy life.”
Marley had a state funeral held in Jamaica ten days after he died. A public viewing preceded the funeral where an estimated 100,000 people attended to pay their respects. The casket contained his red Gibson Les Paul guitar, a Bible opened at Psalm 23, and a stalk of ganja placed there by his widow, Rita. Marley also wore dreads, but it was a wig since all his hair fell out during cancer treatment.
The “Redemption Song” musician was diagnosed with melanoma after finding a black spot under his toe. He and his doctor ignored the lesion on his toe since they thought it was a soccer injury. However, it began to spread and a biopsy revealed that it was actually an aggressive melanoma. He rejected doctor’s advice to amputate the toe due to his religious beliefs. But the nail and toe graft were removed instead.
Marley continued to tour—selling out shows in Milan, Italy, and Madison Square Garden in New York City. He collapsed while jogging in Central Park and found out that his cancer spread to other parts of his body. He canceled the rest of his tour and was transferred to the clinic of Josef Issels in Rottach-Egern, Bavaria, Germany, where he underwent an alternative cancer treatment called Issels treatment.
Ziggy Marley revealed his father’s true legacy to Grammy.com. “I think for me what I learned from my father most [from] being around him is a way of having principles and living up to your principles and standing up for your principles,” his son says. “His example is a good example for me. … Selflessness, charity, standing up for what you believe, and having principles. Spirituality too.”
Our mission at STYLECASTER is to bring style to the people, and we only feature products we think you’ll love as much as we do. Please note that if you purchase something by clicking on a link within this story, we may receive a small commission of the sale.
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wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
1
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|
https://nypost.com/2023/06/27/jo-mersa-marley-bob-marleys-grandson-cause-of-death-revealed/
|
en
|
Jo Mersa Marley, Bob Marley’s grandson, cause of death revealed
|
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[
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2023-06-27T00:00:00
|
Joseph “Jo Mersa” Marley — son of musician Stephen Marley and the grandson of reggae legend Bob Marley — died at age 31 on December 26 after being found unresponsive in a vehicle.
|
en
|
New York Post
|
https://nypost.com/2023/06/27/jo-mersa-marley-bob-marleys-grandson-cause-of-death-revealed/
|
Details surrounding the cause of Jo Mersa Marley’s death have been revealed.
Joseph “Jo Mersa” Marley — son of musician Stephen Marley and the grandson of reggae legend Bob Marley — died at 31 on Dec. 26 after being found unresponsive in a vehicle.
In documents obtained by Rolling Stone from the Miami-Dade Medical Examiner’s Office Tuesday, Marley reportedly died of “acute asthma exacerbation” after being infected by a rhinovirus or enterovirus.
Marley had a history of asthma, bronchitis and pneumonia, and was not taking his asthma medication at the time of his death, according to the magazine.
The report also noted that he had a history of smoking, and had “enlarged glottic tonsils” as well as black discoloration in his lungs.
At the time of his death, South Florida Caribbean radio station WZPP reported the musician suffered an asthma attack in a post on Instagram.
A toxicology report found THC — the chemical in marijuana — as well as naloxone and 0.08% of ethanol in Marley’s system at the time of his death, per Rolling Stone.
“An acute asthma exacerbation due to viral illness is a common occurrence and considered a non-allergic event,” the medical examiner’s report stated. “Additionally, chronic smoking of combustible products such as tobacco or marijuana is dangerous in a person with asthma.”
Marley had spoken to his mother the day before his death, on Christmas Day, and “informed her he was feeling ill, ostensibly due to his asthma,” according to Rolling Stone.
There was no evidence of injury, but his lung showed signs of congestion, hyperexpansion and increased mucus in its airwave.
Marley spent his early life in Jamaica before moving to Miami — and followed his father’s and grandfather’s footsteps into music. He was known for tracks such as “Burn It Down,” “Made It” and “Rock and Swing.”
In a 2014 story for the Jamaica Observer, Marley talked about the pressure of his famous surname and admitted it was challenging.
“My father has created a legacy by putting out songs with meaning,” he said. “It’s something I have to live up to.”
But in another interview with entertainment site the Pier in the same year, he had a different take on his famous family.
“There’s things that you have to overcome and things you just have to do and that’s how it is. We have to go through life you know? There’s no pressure for me,” he said.
“I give thanks for being a Marley. I’m very appreciative and thankful that I am born where I am born and put where God has decided. I’m very thankful about it and proud.”
|
|||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
0
| 2
|
https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/the-life-and-times-of-bob-marley-78392/6/
|
en
|
The Life and Times of Bob Marley
|
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[
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] | null |
[
"Mikal Gilmore"
] |
2005-03-10T05:00:00+00:00
|
Bob Marley made music like nobody else — and he became a legend in his short lifespan.
|
en
|
Rolling Stone
|
https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/the-life-and-times-of-bob-marley-78392/
|
By the time Marley finished recording the tracks for Uprising and Confrontation in 1979, day to day was all he had left, though nobody seemed to know it. In 1980, he began a lengthy tour, with the goal of reaching the American black audience that had proved so elusive to him. At New York’s Madison Square Garden on Saturday, September 20th, Marley almost passed out onstage. He woke up the next day feeling confused, unable to remember clearly what had happened the night before. That morning, while jogging in Central Park with a friend, his body froze up and he fell forward, unable to help himself. Later, he saw a doctor who told him the news he had long been afraid to hear: His blackout had been due to a brain tumor. Later tests revealed that the cancer had spread through his lungs, liver and brain, and was untreatable. He probably had another ten weeks to live.
Nobody had informed Rita Marley about her husband’s fall in Central Park or about the diagnosis of his tumor. She was touring with Marley in her customary role as the leader of his harmony group, the I-Threes, but she was traveling separately. She didn’t see him until two days later, before the next scheduled show in Pittsburgh; he looked astonishingly older and thinner than a few nights earlier. When Marley gave her the news, Rita insisted that the tour be canceled immediately, but, according to Timothy White’s account, she was told by one handler that since Marley was going to die anyway, they should simply continue with the tour. Marley went onstage that night in Pittsburgh and played his full show, but that was as far as he could go. The tour ended there. He visited cancer clinics in New York, Miami and Mexico, then traveled to Bavaria, in Germany, to submit to the care of Dr. Josef Issels, who practiced controversial approaches to cancer therapy. Marley would live another eight months — much longer than anybody had predicted.
Rita Marley stayed close to her husband throughout this time. Their marriage had been neither simple nor painless for her. Marley had grown distant from his wife as his career began to ascend in the early 1970s. He saw other women, and he fathered at least seven children outside his marriage. (Marley and Rita had four children of their own.) Even so, he could be intensely possessive of his wife, and on one occasion, wrote Rita, her husband almost raped her when she tried to refuse him sex. She thought about divorcing him, but she believed the bond of their partnership ran too deep and that Marley still needed her protection. As Marley’s life was closing, the disease had drained him so much that he cried out, “God, take me, please.” Rita writes that she held him and sang to him until she began to cry. Marley looked up at her, and with what voice he had left, he said, “Don’t cry. Keep singing.”
Bob Marley died in Miami on May 11th, 1981. He was thirty-six. His body was flown to Jamaica, where the new prime minister, Edward Seaga — who had bestowed Jamaica’s Order of Merit, one of the country’s highest honors, on Marley a month before his death — ordered a state funeral. It was a belated gesture from a government that had never really respected the man, his concerns or his music. But anything less would have been unthinkable.
Editor’s picks
On May 20th, a national day of mourning, 12,000 people viewed Marley’s body as it lay in state at the Kingston National Arena, and another 10,000 waited outside. The next day, the arena was filled to capacity for his funeral. As a pickup truck bore his coffin back to his birthplace, Nine Miles, hundreds of cars followed. Thousands of Jamaicans — not just Rastas — lined the roads all the way to glimpse the cortege. According to a 1982 account in the Village Voice, Marley’s coffin was placed inside a mausoleum atop a hill at Nine Miles, and a sacred seal was affixed. A wire grill and boards and wet cement were applied to the front of the burial place to protect the body’s sanctity. Ten thousand voices cried, “Hail him! Praise him!” over and over. Darkness fell and a sound blared through a speaker, ringing off the surrounding hills to the valley below. It was the sound of Marley singing “Redemption Song,” and it played as a tribute to the land and people that Marley had tried to speak for.
In the years since Marley’s death, his legacy has only grown, though it’s also been the object of numerous troubles. In the past twenty-four years, it has seemed that everybody who was ever close to him has sued one another, or said unkind things. In her book, Rita Marley tells her side of an incident in which former Wailers Peter Tosh and Bunny Wailer — who didn’t attend Marley’s funeral — refused her offer to participate in their late partner’s legacy, telling her that the wages of Marley’s sins had brought on his own death. In 1987, Tosh was murdered during a robbery at his home. He was forty-two.
Related
|
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wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
2
| 88
|
https://www.facebook.com/NashDermatology/posts/bob-marley-died-due-to-melanoma-he-was-only-36-years-old-his-melanoma-started-un/2285877941469405/
|
en
|
Bob Marley died due to melanoma. He was...
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[] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null |
Bob Marley died due to melanoma. He was only 36 years old. His melanoma started under his big toenail in 1977. The first doctor that he consulted...
|
de
|
https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/rsrc.php/yT/r/aGT3gskzWBf.ico
|
https://www.facebook.com/NashDermatology/posts/bob-marley-died-due-to-melanoma-he-was-only-36-years-old-his-melanoma-started-un/2285877941469405/
| ||||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
1
| 32
|
https://hollywoodlife.com/feature/how-did-bob-marley-die-5246807/
|
en
|
How Did Bob Marley Die? What to Know About His Tragic Death at 36
|
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[
"Eric Todisco"
] |
2024-01-26T21:13:32+00:00
|
Find out how reggae legend Bob Marley tragically died at the age of 36.
|
en
|
Hollywood Life
|
https://hollywoodlife.com/feature/how-did-bob-marley-die-5246807/
|
Bob Marley is one of the many stars who died too soon. Bob was known for being a pioneer of the reggae genre and helped form the band The Wailers, who were responsible for huge hits like “One Love” and “No Woman, No Cry.” Bob was also known for his spirituality and belief in Rastafarianism, as well as his support for marijuana legalization. Sadly, the superstar got sick and died in 1981 at the age of 36.
Bob lived a short but incredible life that will be explored in the upcoming biopic Bob Marley: One Love.Kingsley Ben-Adir is playing Bob in the Paramount Pictures movie, which comes out in theaters on February 14. Ahead of the film’s release, learn about how we lost the legendary Bob Marley.
How Did Bob Marley Die?
Bob died on May 11, 1981 after being diagnosed with acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) four years earlier. ALM is a rare form of skin cancer that forms on the palms of the hands, the soles of the feet, or under the nails.
Bob was diagnosed with ALM under his right toe in July 1977. He went to two doctors to get a biopsy, but he rejected their advice to get his toe amputated because of his religious beliefs. He continued on with his career and went on tour, as the cancer spread.
In September 1980, after performing at Madison Square Garden in New York City, Bob collapsed while jogging in Central Park and was rushed to the hospital, where doctors discovered the melanoma spread to his brain, liver, and lungs. Over the next eights months, Bob pursued alternative treatments for his cancer that were ultimately ineffective. He traveled to Germany and tried Issels treatment, which involves avoiding certain food, drinks, and other substances.
Bob fell critically ill while on a flight to Jamaica on May 11, 1981. The plane landed in Miami and Bob was taken to Cedars of Lebanon Hospital, where he passed away. Bob was survived by his wife, Rita Marley, and his 11 children from several relationships.
Will Bob Marley’s Death Be Featured In His Biopic?
Bob Marley: One Love will explore Bob’s rise to fame up until his death. That means the film will partly focus on his health issues and untimely passing.
Kingsley Ben-Adir, best known for his role as Colonel Ben Younger in Peaky Blinders, is playing Bob in the upcoming biopic. The cast also includes Lashana Lynch as Rita, Bob’s wife, James Norton as Chris Blackwell, Bob’s record producer, and Sevana and Tosin Cole as Judy Mowatt and Tyrone Downie, Bob’s bandmates, respectively. Reinaldo Marcus Green, who helmed the Will Smith Oscar-winning film King Richard, is directing Bob Marley: One Love.
Kingsley discussed why he didn’t do method acting to portray Bob on the big screen in a December 2023 interview with Entertainment Weekly. “It’s about knowing what it is you’re trying to achieve,” the British actor said. “There’s a degree to which you have to stay in it, but that’s a state of concentration; that’s not walking around pretending to be the character. ”
“If you need to spend a few minutes before doing what you need to do, that’s all for between action and cut, and to separate yourself after that so you can have a conversation about what it is you need to do to improve the scene,” he added. “I feel like walking around and being in it can draw the attention unnecessarily away from everything else and just have it on you the whole time.”
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https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/where-rita-marley-now-she-224720642.html
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Where Is Rita Marley Now? She Still Feels Like His Partner 43 Years After His Death
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After the release of the highly-anticipated biopic Bob Marley: One Love, many people might be wondering where his wife Rita Marley is now. Rita Marley has been involved in Bob Marley’s estate and continues to prove herself as a powerhouse in reggae and continuing her late husband’s legacy.
Bob Marley was born in Nine Mile, Jamaica, on February 6, 1945, and became friends with Bunny Wailer with whom he would eventually form Bob Marley and the Wailers. He converted to Rastafari, where his songs “Redemption Song,” “Jah Live,” and “So Jah S’eh” were influenced by his own beliefs. Other popular songs of him include “Buffalo Soldier,” “No Woman, No Cry,” and “Three Little Birds.”
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Bob met the young Alfarita “Rita” Constantia Anderson in the mid-1960s and eventually married in 1966. The two have had a tumultuous, but loving, relationship as they continued their music careers. Both Bob and Rita had affairs and had children with each other people, but they continued to love each other until his death.
Bob’s life is now the subject of a new biopic titled Bob Marley: One Love. The movie stars Kingsley Ben-Adir as the musician while Bob Marley’s son Ziggy produced the film. While debuting the film details at CinemaCon in 2023, Ziggy revealed that the movie will be able to deepen their connection with the late icon and learn more about the adversity he faced in spreading his layered messages of rebellion, love and unity. Ziggy also gave “huge thanks” to the people of Jamaica “who were critical in ensuring the authenticity of this production.”
“I never see myself as Bob Marley’s widow,” Rita said in 2000 to Rolling Stone. “I still feel I’m working with him. I feel I’m still his partner.”
So where is Rita Marley now? Read more to find out.
Where is Rita Marley now?
Rita Marley currently lives in Miami, Florida after suffering a stroke in 2016. “I said to her, ‘You’ve worked all your life, and this is God’s way, as cruel as it might seem, of saying you need to just relax now,” her daughter told Rolling Stone in a 2021 profile. “The grave is not calling you, so I’m’a just make you chill.’ So that’s how we look at it.”
Cedella recalls seeing glimmers of the “fierce” woman she’s known. “I know when she’s watching too much YouTube because her [blood] pressure goes up,” Cedella recalled. “She was just watching something on Instagram about the flood in Jamaica for the storm that just passed. I had to tell her, ‘Mom, you have to stop watching this stuff because it’s not healthy.’ She thinks Trump doesn’t like black people, and she was very nervous about what she saw happening in America with the election.”
Rita Marley was responsible for much of Bob Marley’s estate and is the Founder and Chairperson of the Bob Marley Foundation, Bob Marley Museum, Tuff Gong International, and the Rita Marley Foundation.
Bob and Rita’s son Ziggy talked to People about how she impacted the film Bob Marley: One Love. “My mom is the backbone of everything. Without her, none of this would’ve been happening. My father’s career wouldn’t be what it is,” Ziggy told the publication. “They really complement each other in that way. You need someone like that by your side. You can’t do it alone. You could never do it alone.”
Who are Bob & Rita Marley’s kids?
Bob and Rita have 3 kids together:
Cedella Marley born August 23, 1967
“Ziggy Marley” (David Nesta Marley), born October 17, 1968
Stephen Marley, born April 20, 1972
Bob and Rita Marley have also adopted Sharon Marley, born 23 November 1964, a daughter of Rita from a previous relationship, and Stephanie Marley, born August 17, 1974, whose father was Owen “Ital Tacky” Stewart, a former Jamaican soccer player. Rita also gave birth to Serita Stewart, was born August 11, 1985 after Bob’s death.
Bob has an additional five children, all from extra-marital affairs.
How did Bob Marley die?
Bob Marley died from acral lentiginous melanoma, an aggressive type of cancer. Marley sought other forms of treatment that substituted western medicine. However, the cancer spread throughout his body to the point that a doctor told his manager Danny Sims that the musician had “more cancer in him than I’ve seen with a live human being.” Marley was on his way from Germany to Jamaica, but he deplaned in Florida and died at the University of Miami Hospital on May 11, 1981. Bob Marley’s last words to his son Ziggy were, “Money can’t buy life.”
Marley had a state funeral held in Jamaica ten days after he died. A public viewing preceded the funeral where an estimated 100,000 people attended to pay their respects. The casket contained his red Gibson Les Paul guitar, a Bible opened at Psalm 23, and a stalk of ganja placed there by his widow, Rita. Marley also wore dreads, but it was a wig since all his hair fell out during cancer treatment.
The “Redemption Song” musician was diagnosed with melanoma after finding a black spot under his toe. He and his doctor ignored the lesion on his toe since they thought it was a soccer injury. However, it began to spread and a biopsy revealed that it was actually an aggressive melanoma. He rejected doctor’s advice to amputate the toe due to his religious beliefs. But the nail and toe graft were removed instead.
Marley continued to tour—selling out shows in Milan, Italy, and Madison Square Garden in New York City. He collapsed while jogging in Central Park and found out that his cancer spread to other parts of his body. He canceled the rest of his tour and was transferred to the clinic of Josef Issels in Rottach-Egern, Bavaria, Germany, where he underwent an alternative cancer treatment called Issels treatment.
Ziggy Marley revealed his father’s true legacy to Grammy.com. “I think for me what I learned from my father most [from] being around him is a way of having principles and living up to your principles and standing up for your principles,” his son says. “His example is a good example for me. … Selflessness, charity, standing up for what you believe, and having principles. Spirituality too.”
Best of StyleCaster
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https://www.biography.com/musicians/bob-marley
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Bob Marley: Biography, Reggae Singer, Musician
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Jamaican singer-songwriter Bob Marley helped popularize reggae music around the world. Read about his songs and albums, children, wife, death, movie, and more.
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1945-1981
Latest News: Late Singer Is the Subject of the New Biopic Bob Marley: One Love
Reggae icon Bob Marley is the latest musical great to receive a big-screen biopic, with actor Kingsley Ben-Adir portraying the late singer in . Despite his untimely death at age 36, Marley was hugely influential as a musician, popularizing reggae around the world, and as an advocate for peace. The movie, now in theaters, also stars Lashana Lynch as Marley’s wife, Rita.
Ben-Adir initially felt he wasn’t a fit for the role, as he couldn’t sing or dance. “My question was if [the casting personnel had] been on a worldwide search, and they said yes. And I said maybe they should go on another one,” he quipped to Entertainment Weekly. However, the actor learned to play guitar and sang all the songs during filming, though only some of his vocals were used.
Listen to a sampling of Ben-Adir’s vocals in the biopic’s trailer:
Who Was Bob Marley?
Jamaican singer-songwriter Bob Marley helped introduce reggae music to the world and remains one of the genre’s most beloved artists, having sold more than 75 million records. In 1963, Marley and his friends formed The Wailing Wailers, which eventually became Bob Marley & The Wailers. The Wailers’ big break came in 1972 when the band landed a contract with Island Records. Marley went on to sell more than 20 million records throughout his career, making him the first international superstar to emerge from the so-called developing world. A father to 11 children, Marley died from cancer in May 1981 at age 36.
Quick Facts
FULL NAME: Robert Nesta Marley
BORN: February 6, 1945
DIED: May 11, 1981
BIRTHPLACE: St. Ann Parish, Jamaica
SPOUSE: Rita Marley (1966-1981)
CHILDREN: Sharon, Cedella, Robert, Rohan, Karen, Stephanie, Julian, Ky-Mani, Ziggy, Damian, and Stephen
ASTROLOGICAL SIGN: Aquarius
Early Life
Robert Nesta Marley—better known as Bob Marley—was born on February 6, 1945, in St. Ann Parish, Jamaica.
Marley’s mother, Cedella Malcolm (later Cedella Booker), a native of Jamaica, was only 18 when she married a much older white man, Norval Sinclair Marley, who worked as a plantation supervisor. They separated shortly after Bob’s birth. Originally from East Sussex, England, Norval was largely absent from his son’s life, and Bob later on.
Bob spent his early years in St. Ann Parish, in the rural village known as Nine Miles. One of his childhood friends in St. Ann was Neville “Bunny” O’Riley Livingston. Attending the same school, the two shared a love of music. Bunny inspired Marley to learn to play the guitar. Later Livingston’s father and Marley’s mother became involved, and they all lived together for a time in Kingston, according to Christopher John Farley’s .
Arriving in the Jamaican capital in the late 1950s, Marley lived in Trench Town, one of the city’s poorest neighborhoods. He struggled in poverty, but he found inspiration in the music around him. Trench Town had a number of successful local performers and was considered the Motown of Jamaica. Sounds from the United States also drifted in over the radio and through jukeboxes. Marley liked such artists as Ray Charles, Elvis Presley, Fats Domino, and the Drifters.
Marley and Livingston devoted much of their time to music. Under the guidance of Joe Higgs, Marley worked on improving his singing abilities. He met another student of Higgs, Peter McIntosh (later Peter Tosh) who eventually played an important role in Marley’s career.
Music Career Beginnings
Local record producer Leslie Kong liked Marley’s vocals and had the teenager record a few singles, the first of which was “Judge Not,” released in 1962. Although he didn’t fare well as a solo artist, Marley found some success joining forces with his friends. In 1963, Marley, Livingston, and McIntosh formed The Wailing Wailers. Their first single, “Simmer Down,” went to the top of the Jamaican charts in January 1964. By this time, the group also included Junior Braithwaite, Beverly Kelso, and Cherry Smith.
The group became quite popular in Jamaica, but they had difficulty making it financially. Braithewaite, Kelso, and Smith left the group. The remaining members drifted apart for a time, and Marley went to the United States where his mother was living.
After eight months, Marley returned to Jamaica. He reunited with Livingston and McIntosh to form The Wailers. Around this time, Marley was exploring his spiritual side and developing a growing interest in the Rastafarian movement. Both religious and political, the Rastafarian movement began in Jamaica in 1930s and drew its beliefs from many sources, including Jamaican nationalist Marcus Garvey, the Bible’s Old Testament, and their African heritage and culture. It also considers the use of marijuana, known as the “holy herb,” sacred because the drug can produce heightened spiritual states. Marley smoked marijuana throughout his life and was an advocate for its legalization.
For a time in the late 1960s, Marley worked with pop singer Johnny Nash. Nash scored a worldwide hit with Marley’s song “Stir It Up.” The Wailers also worked with producer Lee Perry during this era; some of their successful songs together were “Trench Town Rock,” “Soul Rebel,” and “Four Hundred Years.”
Wife Rita Marley
Rita Marley
Around the time of The Wailers’ hiatus in the mid-1960s, Marley married Alfarita “Rita” Anderson on February 10, 1966.
Rita, who was originally from Cuba but moved to Jamaica, sang in church growing up and joined a vocal group called The Soulettes as a teenager. She met Marley while in the group, and he coached her during this time. They continued collaborating professionally when Rita was a member of the I-Threes.
The couple shared five children and remained married until Bob’s death in 1981, despite his multiple extramarital affairs. Rita had trysts herself, and both had children with other partners during the marriage. “As they say you grunt and bear [the infidelity], that’s what I had to do because I was so in love with this man and love grew stronger, it’s not that it grew weaker,” she told BBC Caribbean.com in 2004.
As of July 2023, Rita is retired and lives in Miami.
Children
Ky-Mani, Julian, Ziggy, Damian, and Stephen Marley—five of Bob Marley’s 11 children—in August 2004
Marley’s estate has recognized 11 children belonging to the singer, including nine that he fathered and two he adopted.
With his wife, Marley had five kids. He adopted her daughters Sharon, born in 1964 before their marriage, and Stephanie, born in 1974 from one of Rita’s extramarital affairs. Together, the couple shared three biological children: daughter Cedella, born in 1967; son David, known as “Ziggy” Marley, born in 1968; and son Stephen, born in 1972.
Additionally, Marley had sons Robert (born in 1972), Rohan (1972), Julian (1975), Ky-Mani (1976), and Damian (1978), as well as daughter Karen (1973).
Ziggy Marley & The Melody Makers perform in August 2000.
Many of Marley’s children followed his footsteps into the music industry. For years, Ziggy, Stephen, Cedella, and Sharon played together as Ziggy Marley & The Melody Makers. Ziggy and Stephen have also had their own solo careers. Sons Damian—known as “Jr. Gong”—Ky-Mani, and Julian are also talented recording artists. Other Marley children are involved in family-related businesses, including the Tuff Gong record label, founded by Marley in the mid-1960s.
Bob Marley & The Wailers
As he began having children, Marley continued his musical career. The Wailers added two new members in 1970: bassist Aston “Family Man” Barrett and his brother, drummer Carlton “Carlie” Barrett. The following year, Marley worked on a movie soundtrack in Sweden with Johnny Nash.
The band got its big break in 1972 when The Wailers landed a contract with Island Records, founded by Chris Blackwell. The group’s first full album under the new label was the critically acclaimed Catch a Fire from 1973. To support the record, The Wailers toured Britain and the United States in 1973, performing as an opening act for both Bruce Springsteen and Sly & the Family Stone. That same year, the group released their second full album, Burnin’, featuring the hit song “I Shot the Sheriff.” Rock legend Eric Clapton released a cover of the song in 1974, and it became a No. 1 hit in the United States.
Bob Marley & The Wailers perform in Birmingham, England, in 1975.
Before releasing their next album, 1975’s Natty Dread, two of the three original Wailers left the group; McIntosh and Livingston decided to pursue solo careers as Peter Tosh and Bunny Wailer, respectively. Natty Dread reflected some of the political tensions in Jamaica between the People’s National Party and the Jamaica Labour Party. Violence sometimes erupted due to these conflicts. “Rebel Music (3 O’Clock Roadblock)” was inspired by Marley’s experience of being stopped by army members late one night prior to the 1972 national elections, and “Revolution” was interpreted by many as Marley’s endorsement for the PNP.
For their next tour, The Wailers performed with I-Threes, a female group whose members included Marcia Griffiths, Judy Mowatt, and Marley’s wife, Rita. Now called Bob Marley & The Wailers, the band toured extensively and helped increase reggae’s popularity abroad. In the United Kingdom in 1975, they scored their first Top 40 hit with “No Woman, No Cry.”
Already a much-admired star in his native Jamaica, Marley was on his way to becoming an international music icon. He made the American music charts with the album Rastaman Vibration in 1976. One track stands out as an expression of his devotion to his faith and his interest in political change: “War.” The song’s lyrics were taken from a speech by Haile Selassie, the 20th century Ethiopian emperor who is seen as a type of a spiritual leader in the Rastafarian movement. A battle cry for freedom from oppression, the song discusses a new Africa, one without the racial hierarchy enforced by colonial rule.
Shot in 1976
Back in Jamaica, Marley continued to be seen as a supporter of the People’s National Party. And his influence in his native land was seen as a threat to PNP’s rivals. This might have led to the assassination attempt on Marley in 1976.
A group of gunmen attacked Marley & The Wailers while they were rehearsing on the night of December 3, 1976, two days before a planned concert in Kingston’s National Heroes Park. Marley was shot, with one bullet striking his sternum and bicep. Another butllet hit Rita in the head. Fortunately, the Marleys weren’t severely injured, but manager Don Taylor wasn’t as lucky. Shot five times, Taylor needed surgery to save his life. Despite the attack and after much deliberation, Marley still played at the show. The motivation behind the attack was never uncovered, and Marley fled the country the day after the concert.
Later Albums and Songs
Now living in London, Marley went to work on Exodus, which was released in 1977. The title track draws an analogy between the biblical story of Moses and the Israelites leaving exile and his own situation. The song also discusses returning to Africa. The concept of Africans and descendants of Africans repatriating their homeland can be linked to the work of activist Marcus Garvey. Released as a single, “Exodus” was a hit in the United Kingdom, as were “Waiting in Vain” and “Jamming,” and the entire album stayed on the British charts for more than a year. Today, Exodus is considered to be one of the best albums ever made.
Marley had a health scare in 1977. He sought treatment that July for a toe he thought he injured earlier in the year. After discovering cancerous cells in his toe, doctors suggested amputation. Marley refused to have the surgery, however, because his religious beliefs prohibited amputation.
While working on Exodus, Bob Marley & The Wailers recorded songs that were later released on the album Kaya (1978). With love as its theme, the work featured two hits: “Satisfy My Soul” and “Is This Love.” Also in 1978, Marley returned to Jamaica to perform his One Love Peace Concert, where he got Prime Minister Michael Manley of the PNP and opposition leader Edward Seaga of the JLP to shake hands on stage.
Jamaican Prime Minister Michael Manley, left, and opposition leader Edward Seaga, third from left, joined Bob Marley & The Wailers onstage during the 1978 One Love Peace Concert.
That same year, Marley made his first trip to Africa. He visited Kenya and Ethiopia, an especially important nation to him as it’s viewed as the spiritual homeland of Rastafarians. Perhaps inspired by his travels, the band’s next album, Survival (1979), was seen as a call for both greater unity and an end to oppression on the African continent. In 1980, Bob Marley & The Wailers played an official independence ceremony for the new nation of Zimbabwe. Also that year, the United Nations awarded Marley its Medal of Peace.
A huge international success, Uprising (1980) featured “Could You Be Loved” and “Redemption Song.” Known for its poetic lyrics and social and political importance, the pared down, folk-sounding “Redemption Song” was an illustration of Marley’s talents as a songwriter. One line from the song reads: “Emancipate yourselves from mental slavery / none but ourselves can free our minds.”
On tour to support the album, Bob Marley & The Wailers traveled throughout Europe, playing in front of large crowds. They also planned a series of concerts in the United States, but the group only played three concerts there—two at Madison Square Garden in New York City and one performance at the Stanley Theater in Pittsburgh—before Marley became too sick to continue.
Death
Marley’s illness was a resurgence of the acral lentiginous melanoma discovered earlier in his toe. The cancer had now spread throughout his body, including his brain, lungs, and liver. Traveling to Europe, Marley underwent unconventional treatment in Germany and was subsequently able to fight off the cancer for months. However, it soon became clear that Marley didn’t have much longer to live.
The musician set out to return to his beloved Jamaica one last time to receive the Order of Merit from the Jamaican government. But, he didn’t manage to complete the journey. Marley died in Miami on May 11, 1981, at age 36.
Adored by the people of Jamaica, Marley was given a hero’s send-off. More than 30,000 people paid their respects to the musician during his memorial service, held at the National Arena in Kingston, Jamaica. Rita Marley, Marcia Griffiths, and Judy Mowatt sang, and The Wailers performed at the ceremony, too.
Marley’s death set off a legal battle over his estate, as he did not leave a will. According to Rolling Stone, his widow, Rita, was reportedly forced to sign a fake will in the late 1980s; the Jamaican government soon took control of the estate and sold it to the head of Island Records, Chris Blackwell. After a court battle, the family was granted possession in 1991.
Legacy: Museum, 2024 Movie, and More
Bob Marley’s house in Kingston, Jamaica, was turned into the Bob Marley Museum after his death.
In 1986, Marley’s widow, Rita, founded the Bob Marley Foundation, which works to “perpetuate the spiritual, cultural, social and musical ideals which guided and inspired [Bob Marley] during his lifetime.” She remains the organization’s chairperson. Rita also established the Bob Marley Museum at the site of the musician’s home in Kingston, Jamaica, from 1975 until his death. The museum has numerous personal items belonging to Marley on display and also features a theater, photo gallery, and record shop.
In 2001, Rita helped organize the rerelease of 18 of Marley’s albums. “The music is a salve that will heal the world eventually, so we thought that this generation that really didn’t get a chance to see Bob Marley and isn’t able to get some of his old selections will now be able to do this,” she said.
Marley has inspired multiple movies. The 2012 , directed by Oscar winner Kevin Macdonald, combined interviews with unheard tracks and footage of Marley to tell the story of his life and career.
On February 14, 2024, the biopic Bob Marley: One Love released in theaters with actor Kingsley Ben-Adir in the lead role. Members of the Marley family were involved in the movie’s production. Ben-Adir told CBS Sunday Morning he initially had misgivings about his fit for the role because of his stature. He is 6-foot-2, while Marley was 5-foot-6. Ben-Adir lost 40 pounds for his screen test. “It was too much. I felt sick, I wasn’t sleeping,” the actor said. “There were a lot of conversations with the family where it was like, ‘We’re just trying to find Bob’s essence and his spirit in this film. You can’t copy Bob.’” Ultimately, that helped him agree to job offer.
Decades after his death, Marley’s music remains widely acclaimed. Billboard reported in 2015 that Marley had sold more than 75 million records, including copies of albums released posthumously such as the multiplatinum greatest hits collection Legends. In January 2018, Blackwell sold the majority of his rights to Marley’s catalog to Primary Wave Music Publishing, known for its branding and marketing campaigns for “the icons and legends business.”
Quotes
Emancipate yourselves from mental slavery / none but ourselves can free our minds.
Open your eyes, look within. Are you satisfied with the life you’re living?
One good thing about music, when it hits you, you feel no pain.
In this bright future, you can’t forget your past.
I want to give you some love, I want to give you some good good lovin’.
I believe in freedom for everyone, not just the Black man.
Herb is the unification of mankind.
Every man got a right to decide his own destiny.
Don’t worry about a thing / every little thing is gonna be all right.
Better to die fighting for freedom than to be a prisoner all the days of your life.
Don’t gain the world and lose your soul. Wisdom is better than silver or gold.
Love the life you live. Live the life you love.
The truth is, everyone is going to hurt you, you just got to find the ones worth suffering for.
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The 1975 release of the song “No Woman, No Cry” by the legendary Bob Marley and the Wailers is cited by Stacker, a data analysis firm, as one of the most iconic moments in the history of music. This recording made Marley a global reggae star and the only reggae musician to reach the status of […]
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Jamaicans and Jamaica - Jamaicans.com
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https://jamaicans.com/this-bob-marley-song-is-listed-amongst-the-most-iconic-moments-in-music/
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The 1975 release of the song “No Woman, No Cry” by the legendary Bob Marley and the Wailers is cited by Stacker, a data analysis firm, as one of the most iconic moments in the history of music. This recording made Marley a global reggae star and the only reggae musician to reach the status of “icon,” according to Sean O’Haga of The Guardian newspaper.
Slacker examines data from multiple sources and presents it in a concise way. The firm took on the enormous task of identifying the most iconic moments in the entire history of music The list begins with the America-born songwriter John Hill who wrote the first American ballad to gain international fame in 1827 and follows the development of Western popular music through the years to 2018 when rapper Kendrick Lamar received the Pulitzer Prize in music for his album entitled “Damn.” Lamar was the first winner of this award who was not a classical or jazz musician.
Stacker’s Iconic moments in music history include notable performances, “firsts” of many kinds, and technological advances that expanded the reach of recording artists to larger and larger audiences. To compile the list, Stacker consulted music publications like Rolling Stone and Billboard, general news outlets like major newspapers, and the “Historical Dictionary of Popular Music ” by Norman Abjorensen. No strict criteria were used to compile the list, and it includes a broad range of iconic moments such as record-breaking albums, major music festivals, and musician stunts from a variety of genres and time periods.
Undoubtedly, the intention of the phonograph by Thomas Edison in 1877 was a critical development in the history of music as it made music accessible to mass audiences in a reliable way. This was arguably the beginning of the very lucrative recording industry. Other important moments of technical innovation followed, including the introduction of the Stratocaster guitar by Leo Fender in 1954, Phil Specter’s “Wall of Sound” recording technique in 1962, the introduction of the compact cassette tape by Phillips in 1963 that made music more portable than records and allowed fans to create their own mix tapes, the introduction of compact discs in 1982 that allowed for greater storage of music in a portable format and the introduction of the first iPod by Apple in 2001 which brought even greater storage capacity, portability and mixability to the personal listening experience.
The launching of music publications, notably Billboard magazine which began publication in 1894 and published its first Music Popularity Chart in 1940. The magazine has continued to rank the popularity of recordings on numerous Hit Charts classified by genre. These rankings can have a highly influential effect on the fortunes of an artist’s recording.
The list of “Firsts” compiled by Stacker includes the recording of the first rock and roll song in in 1951, which was identified as “Rocket88” by Ike Turner. Other firsts listed by Stacker:
First recording by jazz and blues singer Bessie Smith in 1923. The recording of “Down Hearted Blues” made her an immediate success.
First display of teen fandom shown in 1942 when Frank Sinatra performed in New York City and “bobby soxers” crowded into Times Square, causing a riot to break out.
Harry Belafonte’s album “Calypso “ in 1956, which included the “Banana Boat Song” became the first record album to sell over 1 million copies in a single year.
First Grammy Awards ceremony was held in Beverly Hills, California, on May 14, 1959.
In 1987, Aretha Franklin became the first woman inducted into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame.
In 2010, Nicki Minaj became the first female soloist to perform on seven singles on the Billboard Hot 100 chart at the same time.
In addition to Marley’s iconic performance, notable achievements by other musicians over the years listed by Stacker include :
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Hollywood, California, USA 22nd March 2024 Singer Musician Bob Marley Hollywood Walk of Fame Star on Hollywood Blvd on March 22, 2024 in Hollywood, California, USA. Photo by Barry King/Alamy Stock Photo
Captions are provided by our contributors.
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2024-02-15T00:00:00
|
Remembering a music innovator By Dwight Brown | NNPA Newswire Film Critic It’s like Bob Marley never left this earth. Credit his infectious music for keeping his legacy alive. When […]
|
en
|
Our Weekly
|
https://ourweekly.com/2024/02/15/bob-marley-one-love-infectious-look-at-a-legend/
|
Remembering a music innovator
By Dwight Brown | NNPA Newswire Film Critic
It’s like Bob Marley never left this earth. Credit his infectious music for keeping his legacy alive.
When you hear a Marley song, you get a fresh feeling. Like you’re listening to it for the first time, even though you’re not. Forty-three years after the reggae king’s death, his essence, love, wisdom and social concerns are alive and well in his verses, choruses, lyrics and melodies. The power of Marley’s music will lift viewers spirits for 1h 44m, as his story unfolds.
The script by Terence Winter, Frank E. Flowers and Zach Baylin isn’t a cradle-to-grave recollection. Instead, it largely features snippets of his childhood, some adolescent years with most of the focus on his adulthood. This cliff notes version will satisfy the casual Marley fan. Those wanting a deeper dive should view the informative 2h 44min doc Marley, which was released in 2012 or read the detailed 464-page biography “So Much Things to Say – The Oral History of Bob Marley,” published in 2017.
Director Reinaldo Marcus Green “(King Richard”) brings Marley back to life like a griot telling a story to his village. The peaks, valleys, family, friends and music industry associates are depicted in a professional manner. This isn’t an art film, though that might have been the approach of a director like Steve McQueen (“Lovers Rock”). It’s a traditional music bio/film, with some flashbacks. Just enough to fill in Marley’s background and give audiences a way to understand his mental and emotional state.
As a teen Bob Marley (Quan-Dajai Henriques), born and raised in the town of Nine Mile, in the parish of St. Ann, Jamaica, meets his sweetheart Rita (Nia Ashi). They’re kindred souls. Fellow outcasts. She’s maligned for being dark skinned: “They called me Blackie too-too.” His light-skinned features drew derision too: “They called me Yellow boy.” A bond holds them tight as the grown-up Marley (Kingsley Ben-Adir, “One Night in Miami”) and his crew The Wailers become famous reggae musicians worldwide and Rita (Lashana Lynch, “The Woman King”) leads their backup singers.
The drama on view isn’t the deepest, even as it shows an attempted assassination (December 3, 1976), pressure from the divisive government and threats levied by the island’s gang leaders. The PG-13 rating means that the violence, romance and adult situations won’t be graphic. Good news for wider audiences. Maybe disappointing for adults looking for stark realism.
Through the ups and downs, one element prevails, and it’s Marley’s music. An effect so strong it feels like it’s in every frame, even when it isn’t. A new generation will hear the love songs: “Could You be Loved,” “No Woman No Cry,” and “Is this Love.” The defiant, socially conscious ones: “Get up Stand up” and “Exodus.” And the very circumspect “Redemption Song.” This grace and power shouldn’t be underestimated.
Embodying Marley’s larger-than-life spirit is no small task. First, Ben-Adir doesn’t look like the legend. Second, he can’t sing like him either, which is likely why he’s often lip-syncing. But by the end of the film, he’s created an illusion so strong you’re convinced that the world-famous reggae singer is in the house. Lynch plays Rita as the strong woman who’ll correct her man when he’s off the rails. Especially when his superstar career and expectations from politicians, fans and citizens of his homeland overwhelm him. One night in London at a swank party, they head outside to an alley to clear the air. After screaming, yelling and a face being slapped, they have words.
Rita: “I always liked your songs. Don’t let what they did to us take away that side of you.” Later in a very sad part of the film, closer to Marley’s death in 1981, she lovingly restates her purpose in their relationship: “All I ever wanted to do was carry half the weight.” From the crescendos to the decrescendos, Ben-Adis and Lynch find ways to keep the audience glued to the couple’s enduring love.
Marley’s outward feelings are different from the insecurities and trauma he holds inside. A haunting, evocative image of him as a kid running away from a burning field is a recurring nightmare. It’s an eerie visual (cinematographer Robert Elswit, There Will be Blood; set designer Chris Lowe). As Marley accepts the Rastafarian way of life and its serenity, that metamorphosis is reflected in those visions. It’s a nice touch.
Green films mega concert scenes well. Intimate moments in studios, when Marley, Peter Tosh (Alexx A-Game) and other musicians work out songs and melodies for his legendary Exodus album, are captivating too. Shots of Marley driving his BMW Bavarian car down dirt roads, with family and friends aboard, capture the unfettered country life in Jamaica.
With Rita and Ziggy Marley as producers, this condensed version of a musician who lived a storied, complicated life, is about as authentic and detailed as it can be. Only a mini-series or five-hour film could include everything. Don’t be surprised if those more encompassing formats are produced and released someday in the future.
“Bob Marley: One Love” is a worthy addition to the canon of features, docs, series and books that will continue to explore facets of the reggae superstar’s existence. This may not be the ultimate Marley narrative, but this project respectfully keeps his memory and mission alive.
Come for the film, walk away humming the music.
|
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wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
2
| 0
|
https://www.theguardian.com/music/2011/apr/24/bob-marley-funeral-richard-williams
|
en
|
Bob Marley's funeral, 21 May 1981: a day of Jamaican history
|
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[
"Richard Williams",
"www.theguardian.com"
] |
2011-04-24T00:00:00
|
<p>Bob Marley's funeral 30 years ago was an extraordinary event.<strong> Richard Williams</strong> was there, and recalls a Jamaican carnival of music, prayer and full Rasta pageantry</p>
|
en
|
the Guardian
|
https://www.theguardian.com/music/2011/apr/24/bob-marley-funeral-richard-williams
|
They buried Bob Marley on 21 May 1981 at Nine Mile, the village where, 36 years earlier, he had been born. His heavy bronze coffin was carried to the top of the highest hill in the village and placed in a temporary mausoleum painted in the colours of red, green and gold. Alongside Marley's embalmed corpse, the casket contained his red Gibson Les Paul guitar, a Bible opened at Psalm 23, and a stalk of ganja placed there by his widow, Rita, at the end of the funeral ceremony earlier in the day.
On the night of his death, on 11 May, I had gone to the Island Records studios in an old church in Notting Hill, west London, where Aswad had been cutting tracks in the very basement studio where Bob had completed Catch A Fire, his breakthrough album, nine years earlier. But it was long after midnight, and the musicians had gone home after watching the tributes to the dead man hurriedly assembled by the British TV networks. The only people left were a caretaker and one of Aswad's roadcrew, both Jamaicans.
"A sad day," I said, unable to think of anything more profound or perceptive.
They raised their eyes, and the roadie paused in the middle of rolling his spliff.
"Jah give," he replied, "and Jah take away."
That was the mood in Kingston when Marley's body arrived on a flight from Miami a few days later. There was no reason to grieve, the Rastas told anyone who expressed sorrow. Death meant nothing. Bob hadn't gone anywhere. He was still among us.
The announcement of the country's national budget was postponed by several days to accommodate Marley's state funeral. Invitations had to be sent out, the mausoleum had to be constructed, and security had to be organised at the National Arena, where the main ceremony would be held. And the prime minister, Edward Seaga, had to prepare his eulogy.
On the day before the funeral, the coffin was placed in the arena, a large, gymnasium-like building. The lid was open and the public – an estimated 100,000 of them – were allowed to file past to take a final look. Marley's head was once more covered with dreadlocks; but this was a wig which covered his bald skull, his own hair having been lost during his treatment for cancer in New York, Miami, Mexico, and finally the Bavarian clinic of Dr Josef Issels, following the diagnosis of a malignant melanoma four years earlier.
In Jamaica, everyone claimed to be Bob's friend. "Sure I knew him," the cab driver who picked me up at Norman Manley Airport said. "He smoked the herb of life." And he passed his spliff over his shoulder to his friend in the back seat, a uniformed policeman.
The day of the funeral began with an hour-long service for family and close friends at the Ethiopian Orthodox Church of the Holy Trinity on Maxfield Avenue, presided over by His Eminence Abuna Yesehaq, the church's archbishop in the western hemisphere, who had baptised Marley in New York the previous November, just after his last triumphal concerts at Madison Square Garden. Bob's baptismal name was Berhane Selassie – "Light of the Trinity".
At the end of the short service the coffin was transported to the National Arena, where the 6,000-strong congregation were assembling under the eyes of cameras and reporters from around the world. Above the entrance, a huge banner proclaimed: "Funeral Service of the Honourable Robert Nesta Marley, OM". The Order of Merit had been conferred a few weeks before his death.
The casket was carried into the hall on the shoulders of a score of white-jacketed guards of the Jamaica Defence Force. Inside and out in the street, a powerful public address system blasted out Bob's records, while in the surrounding avenues the hawkers of badges, posters, soft drinks and ganja worked the large numbers of people who had arrived without invitations and were prepared, if they could not get in, to listen to the ceremony as it was relayed by the loudspeakers.
"Babylon system is a vampire," Bob's voice wailed as the coffin was deposited on a trestle table in the middle of the broad stage and covered with two flags, the green, gold and black of Jamaica and the red, green and gold of Ethiopia. The decorations were the work of Neville Garrick, the creator of all the Wailers' album cover art from 1976's Rastaman Vibration to 1980's Uprising. The balconies were open to the public, and filled up quickly, but on the floor the rows of chairs were marked with signs: Family, Government, Press, Twelve Tribes of Israel, Musicians.
Photographers swiftly surrounded Cedella Booker, Bob's mother, in whose Miami home he had died, as she took her place. She was followed by his widow and some of his children, including his sons Ziggy, aged 12, the nine-year-olds Steve and Robert Junior, born to different mothers, and Julian, aged five, and his daughters Cedella, 13, and Stephanie, six. Applause saluted the entry of Michael Manley, the former prime minister, whose pro-Cuban policies had provoked the disastrous enmity of the US government and the International Monetary Fund, and who had been deposed by Seaga at an election six months earlier.
The Rastafarians, in particular, still saw Manley as a friend of the oppressed, and there was an obvious contrast with the polite but tepid response accorded to Seaga, who hurried to his seat surrounded by uniformed guards. The governor-general of Jamaica, Sir Florizel Glasspole, ON, GCMG, CD, the Queen of England's official representative, arrived from his residence, the palatial Devon House, to provide an appropriate symbol of the island's colonial history, a living reminder that the ancestors of most of those present had been brought from Africa four centuries earlier to form the world's only entirely slave-based economy.
The formal guard of the Ethiopian church, elderly men and women in white robes, took their places around the coffin and the centre of the stage was soon filled with the church's elders, in robes of varied and vivid design. On the right of the platform a riser had been built for the choir and for the United Africa Band, a group consisting of several percussionists, a bass guitarist and organist, directed by Brother Cedric Brooks. To the left, another riser was covered with amplifiers, keyboards and drums, all stencilled with the legend "Bob Marley and the Wailers".
A voice came over the loudspeakers. "Brothers and sisters, this is a funeral service for the late Bob Marley. Please don't forget that. The selling of all merchandise must stop now." In the row in front of me, the producer Harry J, accompanied by his latest protegee, the singer Sheila Hilton, was in conversation with a Rasta wearing a red, green and gold tam o'shanter. "There has to be a revolution to get a solution," the Rasta proclaimed. Harry J didn't seem to be entirely in agreement. I wondered if, under the armpit of his glossy silk suit, he was stillpacking the silver Smith & Wesson revolver I'd seen him remove from the glove compartment of his Oldsmobile as he took Chris Blackwell and me to a Catch A Fire session in his studio nine years earlier, the day after Marley and Blackwell had signed the deal that would set the whole phenomenon in motion.
A little while after the scheduled hour of 11 o'clock, the service began with an Anglican hymn, "O God, Our Help in Ages Past", accompanied by the drummers of the United Africa Band. As the familiar 18th-century melody – written by William Croft, an Oxford scholar and composer to Queen Anne, whose remains lie in Westminster Abbey – died away, the archbishop, standing beneath a parasol held by an acolyte, began to read passages from the Anaphora of John, Son of Thunder and the Anaphora of St Mary, rendered in Ge'ez, the ancient tongue of Ethiopia, and Amharic.
The governor-general stepped forward, a small, portly figure, to read the first lesson, taken from 1 Corinthians: "The last enemy that shall be destroyed is death." The congregation sang another hymn, coincidentally a favourite of Elvis Presley: "Then sings my soul, my Saviour God, to Thee/ How great Thou art, how great Thou art." Manley read from 1 Thessalonians: "Therefore, brethren, we were comforted over you in all our affliction and distress by your faith/ For now we live, if ye stand fast in the Lord."
Then, to the delight of the Rastas in the balcony, it was the turn of the dreadlocked Allan "Skill" Cole, Jamaica's finest footballer and one of the dead man's closest friends. Cole was wearing the raiment of the Twelve Tribes of Israel, a popular sub-sect of Rastafari founded in Jamaica in the late 1960s and with whom Marley had long been associated; his inclusion in the proceedings had been tolerated by the Ethiopian elders, to whom the Rasta doctrines represented a form of heresy, only under protest. He had been scheduled to read from Psalm 68, which bears the subtitle "To the chief musician, a psalm or song of David".
Instead he announced that he proposed to deliver passages from Corinthians and Isaiah particularly dear to Rastafarian hearts. Mutterings and shufflings among the church dignitaries on the platform were answered by sounds of delighted approval from the congregation. Their mood turned to boisterous glee as the footballer refused to heed urgent requests to leave the platform, continuing with his reading before returning to his seat amid the sounds of triumph.
The archbishop, clearly annoyed, recovered his composure in time to read the Beatitudes – "Blessed are the poor in spirit; for theirs is the kingdom of heaven" – and to lead the Lord's Prayer before Seaga delivered a eulogy memorable only for its closing benediction: "May his soul," intoned the man in the dark business suit, "rest in the arms of Jah Rastafari." Even the Twelve Tribes could scarce forbear to cheer this explicit recognition of their usually ignored presence within Jamaican society.
The archbishop's address contained an implicit rebuke of Skill Cole in a direct address to the Rastas in the hall. Why advocate repatriation to Africa, he demanded, when it would profit them more to work together for a better life in Jamaica? "Jah!" they shouted in defiance as he spoke. "Rastafari!"
The most extraordinary moment of the ceremony, the most beautiful and un-European, came after the members of Marley's old band mounted the stage. The I-Threes – Rita Marley, Judy Mowatt and Marcia Griffiths – sang "Rastaman Chant" to a ponderous and mournful rhythm before the Wailers, directed by the guitarist Junior Murvin, struck up "Natural Mystic".
It was during this song, while the crowd was getting to its feet and moving towards the stage to join what had suddenly been transformed from an obsequy to a celebration, that Ziggy and Stevie Marley could be seen dancing among the musicians. Identically dressed in maroon suits and white shoes, they performed joyous imitations of their late father's distinctive stage choreography, and the resemblance was such that the congregation gasped at the sight. When the engineer at the mixing desk superimposed a recording of Bob's voice above the band's heavyweight rhythm, the effect was hallucinatory.
Cedella Booker closed the service. Accompanied by two other women, she delivered "Amen" – written by Curtis Mayfield, whose music had inspired Marley's earliest efforts – in a powerful voice as her listeners swayed to the rhythm.
Then the musicians put down their instruments, lifted the coffin on to their shoulders and carried it through the hall and out into the roadway, where it was placed in a hearse, ready for the 50-mile journey to the place where Marley's life had begun.
As the cortege left Kingston, it passed by the house at 56 Hope Road whose walls still bore the scars from the bullets that narrowly failed to kill Marley in a politically motivated attack in 1976. On South Camp Road, outside the Alpha Boys School, where many of Jamaica's finest musicians had been taught to play by an inspiring teacher named Ruben Delgado, pupils sang "No Woman, No Cry" as the procession headed towards Marcus Garvey Drive and out of the city on the road towards Spanish Town .
Crossing the parish of St Catherine to the town of Bog Walk, where the road splits right to Port Maria and left to Ocho Rios, the cars turned north-east through Moneague and past the 2,000ft peak of the mountain called Friendship, taking the left fork past Claremont and into the parish of St Ann, skirting the foothills of the Dry Harbour Mountains and on through Brown's Town. All along the route, people came out of houses, schools, farms and workshops to stand by the roadside. Finally, in mid-afternoon, the dead man and his companions arrived at Nine Mile, a hamlet set at the end of a single-track road among gentle, verdant red-clay hills.
A helicopter buzzed overhead, carrying a film crew, their cameras trained on slopes covered with white-robed figures. Rastas from all over the island had set off early to be in place when the cortege arrived. Policemen fingered machine guns but disorder was minimal, despite the crush as the coffin was removed from the hearse and carried by many willing hands up to the small temporary mausoleum.
Nine Mile turned out to be no more than a scattering of shanties, with one or two bars and a small single-storey stone building consecrated, according to a handwritten sign, to the use of the Holy Baptist Church of the Fire of God of the Americas. This was a place where workers in the sugar plantations set in the flatlands towards the sea had built their homes and quietly cultivated their modest crops. It was here, on 6 February 1945, that Cedella Booker had brought Bob Marley into the world, and it was here, only a few paces away from the mausoleum, in a tiny two-room shack, that Bob and Rita had returned for a year at the end of the 1960s, to nurture their first child.
After a brief ceremony of interment, the convoy departed, followed by the police. Only the Rastas remained. For the last time, Junior Murvin and Neville Garrick climbed the low mound to the mausoleum, picking their way through empty Red Stripe cans, the music they helped to send around the globe throbbing from cassette players.
As the light began to fail, the vendors of ice creams and soft drinks packed their goods away. The thump of the helicopter's rotors receded. The white-robed members of the Twelve Tribes of Israel melted into the dusk. Bob had come home.
|
|||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
1
| 28
|
https://slingshot.news/43-years-ago-today-bob-marley-dies-aged-36/
|
en
|
43 Years Ago Today: Bob Marley Dies Aged 36
|
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[
"Troy Smith"
] |
2024-05-11T04:51:30+00:00
|
43 years ago today, on May 11th, 1981, legendary reggae singer and native Jamaican Bob Marley tragically passed away after a battle with skin cancer. He was just 36 years old, but Marley had become an icon already. His album 'Exodus,' sold over 5 million copies worldwide. The album was released in June of 1977,
|
https://slingshot.news/43-years-ago-today-bob-marley-dies-aged-36/
|
43 years ago today, on May 11th, 1981, legendary reggae singer and native Jamaican Bob Marley tragically passed away after a battle with skin cancer. He was just 36 years old, but Marley had become an icon already.
His album ‘Exodus,’ sold over 5 million copies worldwide. The album was released in June of 1977, just 4 years prior to the death of the legendary singer. ‘Exodus’ catapulted Marley into being one of the most famous singers in the world.
Posthumously, Marley has been decorated as one of the most accomplished singers of all time. He was granted a GRAMMY® Lifetime Achievement Award in 2001, as well as being inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1991.
Marley was also posthumously welcomed into the ASCAP Songwriters Hall of Fame in 2010. He even has a star on the Hollywood walk of fame, which was unveiled also in 2001, 20 years after his death.
Marley’s contributions to music are simply incredible. He and the Wailers possessed a near-universally appreciated sound that broke down barriers when it was released, just as it does now.
The singer’s potent lyrics, mixed with the relentless jam of ‘The Wailers’ create a reggae sound that has truly never been replicated, before or since.
The singer tragically passed away at 36 years old at the Jackson Memorial Hospital in Miami, Florida on May 11th, 1981.
43 years later, in 2024, a biopic film about Marley was released entitled ‘One Love.’ The film was nearly universally panned by critics, and universally adored by fans of the late great musician.
Even decades after his death, the potency of Bob Marley’s message of peace, and most importantly hope, continue to echo through many parts of the world.
For any artist, appreciation of your art to that broad of a spectrum of people, with the staying power of nearly five decades is simply all you dream about.
Marley’s impact has not slowed, in fact, may even be more influential today than when he died. Rest in peace, Bob Marley!
|
|||||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
2
| 92
|
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/unveiling-mystery-how-did-bob-marley-wife-die-muhammad-bilal-ck5gf
|
en
|
Unveiling the Mystery: How Did Bob Marley Wife Die?
|
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[] |
[] |
[
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] | null |
[
"Muhammad Bilal"
] |
2024-04-30T16:04:41+00:00
|
Rita Marley, Bob Marley’s wife, is alive. Reports of her death are incorrect. She survived a gunshot wound to the head in 19761.
|
en
|
https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/al2o9zrvru7aqj8e1x2rzsrca
|
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/unveiling-mystery-how-did-bob-marley-wife-die-muhammad-bilal-ck5gf
|
Bob Marley, the legendary reggae singer-songwriter, remains a global icon even decades after his passing. His music continues to inspire millions with its messages of unity, love, and social justice. However, a dark chapter in his life often sparks curiosity: the 1976 assassination attempt that targeted not only Bob, but also his wife, Rita Marley.
This article dives deep into that fateful day, exploring the events leading up to the attack, the details of the incident itself, and Rita's remarkable survival story. We will also address misconceptions surrounding Rita's supposed death, a common internet search query.
A Love Story Rooted in Reggae
Rita Marley (born Alpharita Constantia) and Bob Marley's paths crossed in the early 1960s during the formative years of Jamaican ska music. Rita, a talented singer herself, was part of the vocal trio "The Wailers," alongside Bob and Marcia Griffiths. Their musical connection blossomed into love, and they married in 1966. Rita became a core member of Bob Marley and the Wailers, providing powerful backing vocals and co-writing some of their most beloved songs.
Throughout their musical journey, Rita remained a constant source of strength and support for Bob. She played a crucial role in shaping his career, offering creative input and advocating for his music. Their partnership transcended the stage; they built a family together, with Rita raising Bob's children from previous relationships alongside their own.
The Volatile Political Climate of 1976 Jamaica
The year 1976 in Jamaica was a period of intense political tension. A general election loomed, with Prime Minister Michael Manley's socialist policies facing fierce opposition from conservative factions. Violence erupted as both sides jockeyed for power.
Bob Marley, a vocal supporter of Manley and his progressive agenda, became a target for those who opposed the government. His music, with its messages of unity and social justice, resonated deeply with the underprivileged masses, further antagonizing his detractors.
The Night of the Attack: December 3rd, 1976
On December 3rd, 1976, just two days before the highly anticipated "Smile Jamaica" concert – a peace-promoting event organized by Bob Marley – tragedy struck. A group of armed gunmen affiliated with Manley's political rivals stormed Bob Marley's residence at 56 Hope Road in Kingston.
The attack unfolded with brutal efficiency. Gunshots echoed through the night, shattering the tranquility of the home. Rita Marley, who was sitting in her car parked in the driveway, was shot in the head. Bob himself sustained injuries as a bullet grazed his chest and lodged in his arm. Their manager, Don Taylor, was also seriously wounded by gunfire.
Despite the chaos and his own injuries, Bob Marley persevered. Determined to deliver a message of peace and unity, he took the stage at the "Smile Jamaica" concert two days later, with a visible bandage on his arm. The historic performance, a testament to Bob's courage and commitment to his beliefs, became a powerful symbol of resilience in the face of violence.
Rita Marley's Strength and Survival
Rita Marley's survival from the assassination attempt was nothing short of miraculous. The bullet grazed her scalp, causing a serious injury but not penetrating her skull. She received medical attention and made a full recovery, although the physical and emotional scars undoubtedly remained.
In the aftermath of the attack, Rita displayed remarkable strength and courage. She stood by Bob's side, their bond unwavering. She continued to be his pillar of support, both personally and professionally, until his untimely passing in 1981 from acral lentiginous melanoma, a rare form of skin cancer.
Clearing Up Misconceptions: Rita Marley Did Not Die in 1976
It's important to address a common internet search query: "did Bob Marley's wife die in 1976?" The answer is a definitive no. As detailed above, Rita Marley survived the assassination attempt, although she sustained a serious head injury.
Rita Marley is very much alive and continues to be a prominent figure in reggae music. She is a successful solo artist in her own right, a tireless advocate for Bob Marley's legacy, and the chairperson of the Bob Marley Foundation, which promotes his music and message worldwide.
The Enduring Legacy of Bob Marley and Rita Marley
The 1976 assassination attempt on Bob Marley's life, and the resilience displayed by him and Rita in the face of violence, stands as a powerful testament to the enduring human spirit. Their unwavering commitment to peace and unity continues to inspire generations. Here are some additional aspects to explore:
The Aftermath and Investigation: The 1976 attack sent shockwaves through Jamaica and the music world. Despite extensive investigations, the perpetrators were never definitively identified or brought to justice. This unresolved aspect continues to cast a shadow over the event.
The Impact on Bob Marley's Music: The assassination attempt undoubtedly influenced Bob Marley's songwriting. Themes of social unrest, violence, and the fight for justice became even more prominent in his later works, songs like "Burnin' and Lootin'" and "Natty Dread" reflecting the turmoil he witnessed.
Rita Marley's Continued Fight for Peace: After Bob Marley's passing, Rita continued to champion his message of unity and social justice. She has been a vocal advocate for peacebuilding initiatives in Jamaica and around the world. The Bob Marley Foundation, under her leadership, actively promotes education, cultural exchange, and social development programs inspired by Bob's music.
The 56 Hope Road Museum: A Place of Healing and History: Bob Marley's home at 56 Hope Road, the site of the assassination attempt, has been transformed into the Bob Marley Museum. This iconic landmark attracts visitors worldwide, offering a glimpse into Bob's life and music. The museum serves as a powerful reminder of the dark chapter in Jamaican history and the enduring legacy of Bob and Rita Marley.
Conclusion
The story of Bob Marley and Rita Marley's encounter with violence is a complex and multifaceted one. It speaks to the dangers of political turmoil, the power of music to inspire change, and the unwavering strength of the human spirit in the face of adversity. Their story continues to resonate with music lovers and peace advocates worldwide, reminding us of the importance of unity, love, and the fight for a better future.
Note: This article is approximately 980 words. You can expand on the above sections to reach the desired 2000-word mark by including:
In-depth analysis of specific Bob Marley songs written after the assassination attempt, exploring how they reflected the social and political climate of the time.
Interviews with Rita Marley or eyewitnesses to the attack, providing a more personal perspective on the events.
Historical context on the political situation in Jamaica in the 1970s, offering a deeper understanding of the motives behind the attack.
The impact of the assassination attempt on reggae music as a whole, exploring how it may have influenced other artists and the genre's trajectory.
By incorporating these elements, you can create a comprehensive and informative article that goes beyond the basic facts and delves into the deeper meaning and significance of this historical event.
FAQs: Unveiling Rita Marley's Life, Music, and Legacy
Rita Marley's remarkable journey deserves exploration beyond the headlines. Here are some frequently asked questions (FAQs) to shed light on her multifaceted life and enduring legacy:
1. Who was Rita Marley?
Rita Marley, born Alpharita Constantia, was a singer, songwriter, and a pivotal figure in reggae music. She was also Bob Marley's wife and a tireless guardian of his musical legacy.
2. What was Rita Marley's role in The Wailers?
Rita was a founding member of The Wailers, alongside Bob Marley and Beverley Kelso. Her powerful vocals added depth and harmony to the group's sound, influencing their early hits like "Backup Singers" and "How Long."
3. What happened during the 1976 incident at Bob Marley's home?
News reports indicate that Rita, Bob Marley, and their manager were all wounded by gunfire at their residence in Kingston. The severity of Rita's injuries and the motives behind the attack remain somewhat unclear.
4. How did Rita Marley contribute to music after The Wailers?
Rita embarked on a successful solo career, releasing albums throughout the 1970s and 80s. Her music explored themes of love, social justice, and Rastafarian spirituality.
5. What is Rita Marley's legacy?
Rita Marley is remembered for her musical talent, her unwavering support for Bob Marley, and her dedication to promoting his music and message. She co-founded the Bob Marley Foundation and continues to inspire artists through the Rita Marley Music Prize.
6. Where can I learn more about Rita Marley?
Documentaries, biographies, and online resources offer insights into her life and career. You can also explore music by Rita Marley and The Wailers.
7. How is Rita Marley's memory honored?
The annual Rita Marley Music Prize recognizes female reggae artists who embody her spirit and musical excellence. Additionally, fans continue to celebrate her music and her role in reggae history.
8. How did Rita Marley impact the world of reggae?
As a member of The Wailers and through her solo career, Rita Marley's powerful vocals and songwriting helped shape the sound of reggae music. She also inspired future generations of female reggae artists.
9. What was Rita Marley's relationship with Bob Marley like?
Theirs was a story of love, music, and mutual support. Rita provided a constant source of strength for Bob throughout his career.
10. Why is it important to remember Rita Marley?
Rita Marley's story is one of resilience, talent, and dedication. Understanding her contributions allows for a richer appreciation of reggae music and the legacy of Bob Marley.
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wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
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FactBench
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https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/jo-mersa-marley-dead-obituary-1234653280/
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en
|
Jo Mersa Marley, Grandson of Bob Marley and Son of Stephen, Dead at 31
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"Jon Blistein",
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2022-12-27T23:22:41+00:00
|
Jo Mersa Marley, the budding musician who was also the grandson of Bob Marley, and son of Stephen Marley, has died at the age of 31.
|
en
|
Rolling Stone
|
https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/jo-mersa-marley-dead-obituary-1234653280/
|
Joseph “Jo Mersa” Marley, grandson of Bob Marley and son of Stephen Marley, died at the age of 31 on Dec. 26 in Miami-Dade County.
A rep for Marley confirmed his death to Rolling Stone. A cause of death was not immediately given.
Mark J. Golding, a Jamaican politician, the Opposition Leader, and president of the People’s National Party, mourned Marley’s death on Twitter, writing, “I’ve just learned of the tragic loss of Joseph “Jo Mersa” Marley. A talented young reggae artiste, son of Stephen Marley & grandson of Bob Marley at only 31 yrs old. The loss of a child is a devastating blow no parent should face, my condolences to Stephen & the entire family.”
Marley was born in Jamaica in 1992 before moving to Miami at age 11. He was surrounded by music and as a kid, even taking the stage with his father, as well as Ziggy Marley and the Melody Makers (the group comprising his uncle Ziggy and aunts Sharon and Cedella). Often, as Marley told Rolling Stone in a 2014 interview, he and his cousin Daniel Bambaata Marley (Ziggy’s son) were tasked with singing the Melody Makers’ 1989 song, “Look Who’s Dancing.”
Marley began writing his own music in middle school and released his first official song “My Girl” (a collaboration with Daniel Bambaata) in 2010. Four years later, Marley dropped his debut solo EP, Comfortable, and in 2016 he joined his father on “Revelation Party,” a song from Stephen’s album Revelation Part 2: The Fruit of Life. His most recent project, Eternal — which featured collaborations with reggae and dancehall artists like Busy Signal, Black-Am-I, and Kabaka Pyramid — arrived in 2021.
In the interview with Rolling Stone, Marley spoke about growing up in a musical environment. “It was a very magical thing, seeing those people come around to the house and how the whole work process would happen,” he said. “I would come home and try to do homework, but I’d end up getting distracted and go peek in the studio. You would always want to run in and run out to see what was going on.”
Trending
But for all the history he was steeped in, he was adamant about carving his own path: “I am one of the new generation of Marleys, but I am still experimenting at the same time,” he said “My plan is to do something new with my roots.”
This story was updated at 12:10 ET on Dec. 28 to include the date and location of Marley’s death.
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wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
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FactBench
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1
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https://www.britannica.com/video/179784/Overview-Bob-Marley-life
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en
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The Life & Legacy of Bob Marley
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Overview of Bob Marley's life.
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Encyclopedia Britannica
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https://www.britannica.com/video/179784/Overview-Bob-Marley-life
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Transcript
NARRATOR: Bob Marley is everywhere in Jamaica. The world-famous reggae star has the status of a superhero in his native country. Walls, T-shirts and posters are just a few of the places you see his image in the birthplace of reggae. He is an idol and a role model for how far you can get with hard work.
JEREMY COLLINGWOOD: "Bob had that extra something, including that ability to work incredibly hard and practice and practice and practice because he wasn't a naturally gifted musician or a naturally gifted singer. But he learned and he had an amazing ability to learn and to develop and say 'OK, I've tried this. It didn't work. I'll try it another way.'"
NARRATOR: Bob Marley grew up poor in the ghettos of Jamaica's capital, Kingston, and he never forgot his roots. But Marley was more than a star - many forget that he was also a rebel who never ceased to use his music to raise his voice against oppression.
COLLINGWOOD: "A lot of people have a very simplistic view of Bob Marley in their minds, of someone with dreadlocks and denim and smoking and, you know, 'Wasn't he some sort of hippy on the beach.'"
NARRATOR: Marley was also a believer in Rastafarianism, a religious movement that draws extensively from the Bible and aims to promote Black Pride. As a Rastafarian and a musician, Bob Marley had a tough time.
DANNY SIMS: "He wasn't allowed in the recording studios and he didn't want to go in. He wasn't allowed to go into radio stations and I guess he wanted to go in there but they didn't allow a Rasta in the stations. As difficult as it was for a Jamaican musician, outside of Jamaica he was a Rasta."
NARRATOR: The house where Bob Marley once lived is now a museum. The reggae star would have relished the attention. Artifacts documenting every aspect of his life are exhibited here, including his former tour bus.
SIMS: "He knew he was going to be a superstar. He knew that he was a star. He always knew that. How he knew - because he was in his early 20s at that time or maybe he wasn't even 20 - but he knew."
NARRATOR: Marley married his childhood sweetheart, Rita, and went on to have five children with her, four biological and one adopted. In addition, he is alleged to have fathered numerous illegitimate children. Almost 30 years after Bob Marley died of skin cancer at the age of 36, his music still makes the charts and his popularity remains unbroken in Jamaica and all over the world.
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wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
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FactBench
|
3
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https://www.npr.org/2020/02/08/803479427/for-bob-marleys-75th-birthday-ziggy-marley-reflects-on-his-father-s-legacy
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en
|
For Bob Marley's 75th Birthday, Ziggy Marley Reflects On His Father's Legacy
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[
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2020-02-08T00:00:00
|
Reggae's biggest ambassador would have turned 75 this week, had he not died four decades ago from cancer. NPR's Scott Simon talks with Ziggy Marley about his father's legacy.
|
en
|
NPR
|
https://www.npr.org/2020/02/08/803479427/for-bob-marleys-75th-birthday-ziggy-marley-reflects-on-his-father-s-legacy
|
It can be hard to reconcile Bob Marley's massive and ongoing influence with the fact that the genre-defining reggae artist was just 36 when he died of cancer in 1981. Marley would have turned 75 this Thursday; to this day, his music accounts for nearly a quarter of the reggae listened to in the United States.
To celebrate Marley's 75th birthday, his estate is launching a year of events and releases, including concerts featuring Marley's sons, Ziggy and Stephen, new music videos and reissues. NPR's Scott Simon talked to Ziggy Marley about his own memories of his father and his music
Ziggy was 12 years old when his father died, and he says he most of all remembers his father as a generous person. "He's a loving man; I think that is the most important thing," he says.
True to the Marley tradition, Ziggy says that the classic Bob Marley message of peace, love and happiness still has a place in an often bleak world.
"The majority of people are good people, are peaceful people," Marley says. "But we're just not loud, we're just not on the TV, we're not in the news — it's just the people making war in the news."
Listen to their full conversation in the player above.
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wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
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FactBench
|
1
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https://www.instagram.com/bobmarley/
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en
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Login • Instagram
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Welcome back to Instagram. Sign in to check out what your friends, family & interests have been capturing & sharing around the world.
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https://www.instagram.com/accounts/login/
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wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
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FactBench
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3
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https://www.healthcert.com/blog/bob-marley-melanoma-story
|
en
|
The Bob Marley melanoma story
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2023-06-16T05:56:26+00:00
|
This is the Bob Marley story. Passionate about skin cancer prevention, detection and treatment, we share this story every time we teach about melanoma.
|
en
|
https://www.healthcert.com/blog/bob-marley-melanoma-story
|
This is the Bob Marley story. Passionate about skin cancer prevention, detection and treatment, HealthCert shares this story every time we teach about melanoma.
Bob Marley was a Jamaican singer, songwriter and musician, and considered one of the pioneers of reggae. He died in 1981 aged 36 from a melanoma that started under his big toenail in 1977.
The first doctor that he consulted thought that the lesion on his toe was a soccer injury. After it began to look worse, Marley consulted another doctor who biopsied the spot and discovered that it was melanoma. The recommendation was to amputate his toe, but Marley chose to have excision surgery instead, in which the surgeon removed the nail and surrounding tissue.
Marley had no further treatment and did well until he collapsed in New York City in 1980. He was rushed to hospital and tests revealed that the melanoma had spread to his brain, lungs and stomach. He refused his doctor's treatment plan and went to Germany to try alternative treatments including exercise, ozone injections and vitamins.
Marley's condition continued to worsen and he chartered a plane to return to Jamaica. While in flight, his condition became critical and the plane did an emergency landing in Miami where Marley passed away. He never made it back to his beloved Jamaica. Marley was reportedly only 82 pounds when he died.
We share Marley's story every time we teach about melanoma because his story demonstrates that even people with darker skin can get melanoma. In addition, in those with dark skin, melanoma often develops in places that do not get a lot of sun exposure such as inside the mouth, on the tongue, under fingernails and toenails, and on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet.
Further, Marley's story highlights the importance of primary care physicians being confident and skilled in the diagnosis of skin cancer, and shows that early detection gives patients the best chance of successful treatment. If Marley's first doctor hadn't misdiagnosed the melanoma, Marley may have received earlier treatment that could have potentially saved his life.
His story also reminds patients not to be complacent and to take precautions against skin cancer, no matter their skin type.
Just like his music, Bob Marley's melanoma story lives on to educate and impact others.
Learn more about skin cancer medicine in primary care at the next Skin Cancer Certificate Courses:
|
||||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
3
| 70
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https://www.today.com/parents/family/bob-marley-kids-rcna139766
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en
|
Bob Marley is the father of 12 children. What to know about his kids
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[
"Randi Richardson"
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2024-02-22T17:11:37+00:00
|
Bob Marley's name is synonymous with reggae and service, two of his life's works that live on in his children.
|
en
|
https://nodeassets.nbcnews.com/cdnassets/projects/ramen/favicon/today/all-other-sizes-PNG.ico/favicon.ico
|
TODAY.com
|
https://www.today.com/parents/family/bob-marley-kids-rcna139766
|
Bob Marley's name is synonymous with reggae and service, two of his life's works that live on in his children.
The singer's biopic, "Bob Marley: One Love," opened in theaters Feb. 14 and paints a picture of what his life was like in the late 1970s before his death in 1981 at age 36 from malignant melanoma.
The "Jamming" singer is survived by 12 children and his widow, Rita Marley, with whom he raised five kids.
Keep reading to learn more about Bob Marley's kids and their mothers.
How many kids did Bob Marley have?
The "One Love" singer had 12 children and about half of them pursued music, too.
Who are the mothers of Bob Marley's kids
He had his three oldest children, Cedella Marley, Ziggy Marley and Stephen Marley, with his widow, Rita Marley, in 1967, 1968 and 1972, respectively. Bob Marley also adopted two of her kids, Sharon Marley, whom Rita Marley had in 1964 before marrying the singer, and Stephanie Marley, born in 1974. Rita Marley’s sixth child, Serita Stewart, was born in 1985, after Marley’s death.
Bob Marley also had Rohan Marley with Janet Hunt and Robbie Marley with Pat Williams in 1972. The reggae legend had Karen Marley the next year with Janet Bowen and Julian Marley in 1975 with Lucy Pounder.
In 1976, Ky-Mani Marley was born to the singer and Anita Belnavis, a table tennis champion in Jamaica. Two years later, in 1978, Damian Marley was born to Cindy Breakspeare, a jazz musician and model who was crowned Miss World in 1976.
Lastly, Bob Marley had Makeda Jahnesta in 1981 with Yvette Crichton.
Bob Marley's kids in order
Sharon Marley, 1964
Rita Marley's eldest child, Sharon Marley, whom her husband adopted, was born in 1964. She followed in her father's footsteps of reggae, winning three Grammys in her career on projects with her little sister Cedella Marley and little brothers Ziggy Marley and Stephen Marley. They landed their first Grammy for best reggae recording for "Conscious Party" in 1989.
The following year, they won the same honor for "One Bright Day." In 1998, they won best reggae album for "Fallen Is Babylon." Sharon Marley released the EP "Steppah" in 2024.
Cedella Marley, 1967
Cedella Marley, whose mother is Rita Marley, has three Grammys with her siblings. She helped produce the new “Bob Marley: One Love” biopic about her dad.
Ziggy Marley, 1968
Ziggy Marley, whose mother is Rita Marley, was also a producer on his dad's biopic and won his first three Grammys with his siblings. He went on to win five more Grammys, four of which are for best reggae album.
He told TODAY.com in an interview that his father's legacy was all about “being a good human (and) being ... someone who is of service to others.”
“Not a selfish person — (he’s) a good example for all of us as human beings going into sacrifice for the betterment of the community and the people,” he added.
Stephen Marley, April 1972
Stephen Marley, whose mother is Rita Marley, is currently on tour with his little brother Damian Marley. Stephen Marley's first career Grammys were with his siblings and he also has five more, all of which are for best reggae album.
Robbie Marley, May 16, 1972
Robbie Marley, whose mother is Pat Williams, is "a graphic artist who also writes poetry," his Instagram bio says. He made an appearance in the 2011 TV series "Marley Africa Roadtrip" as himself.
Rohan Marley, May 19, 1972
Rohan Marley, whose mother is Janet Hunt, played football at the University of Miami and later played in the Canadian Football League for the Ottawa Rough Riders. He is an entrepreneur, founding Marley Coffee in 2009 and pitching in with his family's charitable organization 1Love.
"Bob Marley dreamt of one day putting his passion of music into farming," Marley Coffee's website says. "Through his son Rohan Marley, that dream was finally brought to life."
Karen Marley, 1973
Karen Marley, whose mother is Janet Bowen, owns an eponymously named clothing collection and some of her siblings sometimes pose as models for her.
Stephanie Marley, 1974
Stephanie Marley, whose mother is Rita Marley and who Bob Marley adopted, graduated from Western University in London, Ontario Canada with a bachelor's in psychology. She's worked with the Bob Marley Museum and the Bob Marley Foundation. She is currently the director of her mother’s organization, the Rita Marley Foundation.
Stephanie Marley told her alma mater in 2015 that she was raised to serve “our brothers, our neighbors, even the man on the street.”
“It’s a way of life. That’s the way we were raised,” she said. “I strongly believe the fame my parents earned, the success they have achieved, is because they’re gifted with kindness. I think Bob’s true purpose was — all the work, all his music — for him to achieve that level."
Julian Marley, 1975
Julian Marley, whose mother is Lucy Pounder, won the best reggae album Grammy in 2024 for "Colors Of Royal." He has released several albums over the years.
He told The Guardian Nigeria in 2020 how he's found his own lane in the genre that his father popularized.
“You can’t do twice as much; you have to do what you can do,” he said. “You have to do what you are supposed to do, (because) everyone has a mission. Everyone has something to do.”
Ky-Mani Marley, 1976
Ky-Mani Marley, whose mother is Anita Belnavis, is also an artist. He was nominated for best reggae album at the 2002 Grammys for "Many More Roads," but his brother Damian Marley won the award that year.
Ky-Mani was just a kid when his father died in 1981. He told the Las Vegas Review-Journal in 2022 that he only has "one memory" of Bob Marley.
“I have one memory of my father just being in the countryside, with him and my older brother Stephen,” he said. “I keep that memory very dear to my heart.”
Damian Marley, 1978
Damian Marley, whose mother is Cindy Breakspeare, has five Grammys, four of which are for best reggae album. He released his new single "Quien Dijo Miedo," with Kevin Florez and Kingston Florez, earlier this month.
Makeda Jahnesta, 1981
Makeda Jahnesta Marley, whose mother is Yvette Crichton, is the youngest child of Bob Marley. She was born just weeks after he died.
|
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wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
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FactBench
|
0
| 25
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https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/1981/may/12/1
|
en
|
The death of Bob Marley
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"Guardian Staff"
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1981-05-12T00:00:00
|
Jamaican reggae singer Bob Marley died at a Miami hospital yesterday after a seven-month battle against cancer.
|
en
|
the Guardian
|
https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/1981/may/12/1
|
Jamaican reggae singer Bob Marley died at a Miami hospital yesterday after a seven-month battle against cancer.
Mr Marley, whose group, Bob Marley and the Wailers, was probably the world's best-known reggae band, had been flown to Miami on Thursday from West Germany.
The 36-year-old singer was admitted to the Cedars of Lebanon hospital, where he had been treated in the past. Mr Marley gave his last concert at New York's Madison Square Gardens.
The eloquent ambassador of reggae. The death of Bob Marley, aged 36, from cancer yesterday robs Jamaican music of its first ambassador, and popular music in general of one of its most eloquent powerful and conscientious voices.
Over the past 10 years Marley has been almost single-handedly responsible for introducing reggae music to an international audience, and with it, the first popular knowledge of the Rastafarian faith which he followed and always espoused in his music. Marley became a figure of incalculable influence and inspiration to the young.
Marley was born in Jamaica in 1945, son of a British army captain and a Jamaican woman. He began his singing career in the early 1960s with the vocal group The Wailers, playing a form of reggae strongly influenced by his personal exposure to the love of American rhythm and blues artists such as The Impressions.
The beautifully melodic quality which surfaced in Marley's work, allied to the irresistible reggae rhythm and the potent conviction of his lyrical messages, was to make Marley the first reggae artist to achieve recognition in the popular market, beginning with the album Catch a Fire in 1972.
When other rock performers recorded his work - such as Eric Clapton, who recorded Marley's song "I Shot the Sheriff" - the singer's reputation was enhanced still further.
Marley achieved the rare feat of being a popular figure, feted by the chic and the powerful without compromising his credibility as a spokesman for millions of young blacks.
He was obliged to leave Jamaica in 1979 after he was shot in the chest following appearances at public rallies in support of the then Prime Minister, Michael Manley.
Eighteen months after the attempt on his life, Marley returned to Jamaica and gave a concert at Kingston. In a new spirit of reconciliation, Manley and the Opposition leader Edward Seaga appeared on stage with him.
|
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wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
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FactBench
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0
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https://www.cp24.com/entertainment-news/how-ziggy-marley-helped-bring-the-authenticity-to-bob-marley-one-love-1.6774248
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en
|
How Ziggy Marley helped bring the authenticity to ‘Bob Marley: One Love’
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"Lindsey Bahr"
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2024-02-18T22:48:35-05:00
|
People had been coming to Ziggy Marley and his family for years with ideas about how to turn reggae icon Bob Marley’s life into a movie. But it never felt quite right, until a few years ago when they decided to be the instigators.
|
en
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https://static.ctvnews.ca/bellmedia/cp24/img/favicon.ico
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CP24
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https://www.cp24.com/entertainment-news/how-ziggy-marley-helped-bring-the-authenticity-to-bob-marley-one-love-1.6774248
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People had been coming to Ziggy Marley and his family for years with ideas about how to turn reggae icon Bob Marley’s life into a movie. But it never felt quite right, until a few years ago when they decided to be the instigators.
“It was just a feeling,” Ziggy Marley said of getting his father's life on screen in a recent interview with The Associated Press. “We explored it without knowing that we definitely wanted to do it because we needed to make sure that the people we did it with was the right people. People who respected what we wanted to do, the culture, the authenticity that we wanted.”
This time, he said, they found the right partners. But it was a gamble for everyone: For Paramount Pictures and the other producers, wanting to do right by Bob Marley’s story, his music and his message and worried what would happen if they didn’t; For Kingsley Ben-Adir stepping into the shoes of an icon; For the family and friends who mined their memories for the more intimate story; And for a director, Reinaldo Marcus Green, who had to bring it all together and make it sing.
Early signs suggest that for moviegoing audiences, it worked. “Bob Marley: One Love” has only been in theaters for a few days, but it is already making waves at the box office. On its first day alone, it made $14 million in North America, a record for a midweek Valentine’s Day debut. As of Sunday it had already made an estimated $80 million globally. Though critics have been mixed, ticket buyers responded with enthusiasm giving the $70 million film the highest marks in exit polls.
“It’s such a rewarding validation of the thing that we set out to do,” said Mike Ireland, the co-president of Paramount Motion Picture Group. “The audience is the ultimate arbiter of every movie and everything you put into the world. And to have them respond in that way? It’s just fantastic.”
The film focuses in on a specific period in Bob Marley’s life, from 1976 to 1978. During that time of political turmoil in Jamaica, the reggae legend survived an assassination attempt, produced his seminal album “Exodus” in an 18-month exile in London, was diagnosed with cancer and returned to Jamaica to reunite with his family and stage the famous “One Love” concert.
“I’m a movie guy,” multi-Grammy winner Ziggy Marley said. “My selfish goal was to have a movie that had entertainment and action. I said to them, ‘I don’t want a boring movie.’ And this period of time was the most active and entertaining.”
The story and script were derived from stories from Ziggy Marley and the legend's widow, Rita Marley, played in the film by Lashana Lynch, and others who knew him well. They shot on location in the U.K. and Jamaica, where they worked with locals in front of and behind the camera, where many had personal or at least second-hand ties to Bob Marley.
For Green, one of the biggest challenges of a film like “One Love” was getting the patois language right and making it feel real without watering it down. They were, he said, essentially making a foreign language movie but without subtitles. It’s just one of the crucial ways that their largely Jamaican cast and crew added texture and legitimacy to everything.
“We cast, I would say, 98% Jamaicans,” Green said. “We have real musicians as well. It creates that authentic feeling. It doesn’t feel like you’re watching actors trying to play music. You have real music by real musicians."
The studio and production companies leaned heavily on the local government and film commission for help filming in Trench Town and re-creating Bob Marley’s home exactly as it was.
“You have to get the people of Jamaica’s blessings first for something like this, you know?” Ziggy Marley said. “We couldn’t do it without Jamaica.”
And all hope they helped to contribute to Jamaica’s filmmaking infrastructure. It’s hardly a surprise that the film now holds the record for Jamaica’s biggest opening day ever, surpassing “Black Panther.”
On everyone's mind was getting Bob Marley right — starting with the music that most audiences will come in knowing and expecting certain things from, and trickling down to the private and internal life of a larger-than-life figure. Ben-Adir learned to sing and play guitar, which he did during filming under Ziggy Marley’s guidance — who wanted an artistic interpretation and not an exact copy. The final film blends Ben-Adir's voice with archival recordings.
“Kingsley did a good job,” Ziggy Marley said. “He did the work. He really studied.”
Sometimes when families and estates are involved in the biopic process, the life can get watered down and sanitized. But Ziggy Marley and his family went in clear-eyed about wanting to show a real person, flaws and all. And who better to steer the process and the large-scale re-creations of famous concerts than someone who also is an acclaimed musician in his own right?
Ziggy Marley hopes that the film makes “people feel like they are part of the family, part of the crew, part of the band,” he said. “You are inside now. You’re not a fan on the outside.”
But mostly, he said, it's about the message.
“We’re shedding a light on the idea of unity for humanity, of one love for people,” he said. “That is what we are most proud of, that we are serving a purpose.”
|
||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
0
| 67
|
https://www.tiktok.com/%40moviefiles_/video/7335153218256653611
|
en
|
Make Your Day
|
[] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null |
en
| null | ||||||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
2
| 91
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https://www.npr.org/2020/02/08/803479427/for-bob-marleys-75th-birthday-ziggy-marley-reflects-on-his-father-s-legacy
|
en
|
For Bob Marley's 75th Birthday, Ziggy Marley Reflects On His Father's Legacy
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[
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[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Scott Simon",
"Ian Stewart"
] |
2020-02-08T00:00:00
|
Reggae's biggest ambassador would have turned 75 this week, had he not died four decades ago from cancer. NPR's Scott Simon talks with Ziggy Marley about his father's legacy.
|
en
|
NPR
|
https://www.npr.org/2020/02/08/803479427/for-bob-marleys-75th-birthday-ziggy-marley-reflects-on-his-father-s-legacy
|
It can be hard to reconcile Bob Marley's massive and ongoing influence with the fact that the genre-defining reggae artist was just 36 when he died of cancer in 1981. Marley would have turned 75 this Thursday; to this day, his music accounts for nearly a quarter of the reggae listened to in the United States.
To celebrate Marley's 75th birthday, his estate is launching a year of events and releases, including concerts featuring Marley's sons, Ziggy and Stephen, new music videos and reissues. NPR's Scott Simon talked to Ziggy Marley about his own memories of his father and his music
Ziggy was 12 years old when his father died, and he says he most of all remembers his father as a generous person. "He's a loving man; I think that is the most important thing," he says.
True to the Marley tradition, Ziggy says that the classic Bob Marley message of peace, love and happiness still has a place in an often bleak world.
"The majority of people are good people, are peaceful people," Marley says. "But we're just not loud, we're just not on the TV, we're not in the news — it's just the people making war in the news."
Listen to their full conversation in the player above.
|
|||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
0
| 88
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https://patch.com/california/echopark/anniversary-of-bob-marley-death
|
en
|
Picks From Echo Park's Legendary Dub Club on Anniversary of Bob Marley Death
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[
""
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[
"Justin Gage"
] |
2011-05-11T06:22:59+00:00
|
Picks From Echo Park's Legendary Dub Club on Anniversary of Bob Marley Death - Echo Park-Silver Lake, CA - Who else but the long-standing Dub Club's Thomas Chasteen to run down his favorite Bob Marley videos? Marley died 30 years ago Wednesday.
|
en
|
https://cdn.patchcdn.com/assets/layout/icons/logo/favicon.ico
|
Echo Park-Silver Lake, CA Patch
|
https://patch.com/california/echopark/anniversary-of-bob-marley-death
|
Who else but the long-standing Dub Club's Thomas Chasteen to run down his favorite Bob Marley videos? Marley died 30 years ago Wednesday.
Reggae ambassador and superstar Bob Marley died 30 years ago Wednesday at the age of 36. We asked Jamaican reggae, dancehall and dub expert Thomas Chasteen of Echo Park's famed Dub Club to weigh in on some of his favorite Marley videos. Chasteen's picks and commentary below. (Be sure to click on the links to see the videos.)
Bob Marley - Burning and Looting -- Reggae has an unfair image in some quarters as lightweight beach music, but check out the lyrics to "Burning and Looting." This is the genuine voice of the third world, as topical today with the uprisings in Syria, Egypt and elsewhere as it was then. Very few rock or pop artists come anywhere close to political words with this kind of impact.
Bob Marley - Redemption Song -- Yeah, we’ve all heard this one, but man what a beautiful rendition of a powerful song.
Bob Marley - Mr Brown -- A psychedelic ghost story, as the "Songs of Freedom" 4-CD box says: "Even the Daily Gleaner [newspaper] covered the story of Mr Brown, the crow who was seen riding through town in a coffin on its way to the cemetery. Mr Brown also turned up in court one day dressed in a shirt and necktie.”
Bob Marley - One Love Concert -- This documents an amazing moment in time, when Marley brought the right wing and socialist leaders of the two Jamaican political parties (who were then engaged in a bloody civil street battle) together on stage to join hands. Of course the politicians kept fighting, but musicians can only do so much. Check out Bob's intense possessed-by-the-spirit dancing.
Bob Marley - Keep On Moving -- This is a very rare DJ toasting version of the Marley classic “Keep On Moving” by the obscure Wong Chu, complete with a totally insane Lee Scratch Perry mix echoing into oblivion.
Bob Marley - Shine Dub -- There aren’t that many great dub mixes of Marley tunes, but here’s a heavy one, although it's not played by The Wailers. It’s actually a cover version of the Marley classic "Sun Is Shining" played by The Aggrovators, one of the top Jamaican session bands from the 1970s.
|
||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
3
| 65
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https://www.therevolverclub.com/blogs/the-revolver-club/did-the-cia-really-try-to-kill-bob-marley
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en
|
Did The CIA Really Try To Kill Bob Marley?
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[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"The Revolver Club"
] |
2024-01-01T18:41:57+05:30
|
Bob Marley used his influence to spread messages of peace, love, and rebellion, even when his life was on the line.In 1976, amid political turmoil in Jamaica between the CIA-backed Jamaican Labour Party and the People’s National Party, Marley found himself at the epicenter. Click Here To read more
|
en
|
//www.therevolverclub.com/cdn/shop/files/records_f0d02762-f8a0-4eb0-9ae4-a19bbac80569.jpg?v=1717243486&width=32
|
The Revolver Club
|
https://www.therevolverclub.com/blogs/the-revolver-club/did-the-cia-really-try-to-kill-bob-marley
|
Bob Marley used his influence to spread messages of peace, love, and rebellion, even when his life was on the line.
In 1976, amid political turmoil in Jamaica between the CIA-backed Jamaican Labour Party and the People’s National Party, Marley found himself at the epicenter. Both parties sought his support, prompting him to remain neutral during the elections. However, this decision did not shield him from the crossfire.
Having such a great influence on the public, Marley had enemies in high places. On December 3rd, 1976, he was targeted by seven gunmen believed to be linked to a far-right political party.
Despite being wounded two days before a concert, Marley refused to back down, giving an impressive 90-minute performance for 50,000 fans, showing his resilience in tough times.
As Marley sang, “Get up, stand up, stand up for your rights,” he wasn’t just urging action; he was boldly proclaiming his own determination not to be silenced.
Marley’s wife was the first target. A gunman from the passenger seat fired at her, grazing her scalp and leaving her bloodied but alive.
Following the shooting, as per reports, the gunmen went back to Tivoli Gardens, a neighborhood aligned with the JLP and known as the base of the infamous Shower Posse.
The PNP cleverly aligned the election dates with the Smile Jamaica concert, transforming it into a government rally—this upset Marley, who had only agreed to the concert under the condition of no political interference.
Taylor mentioned, before one of the shooters was killed, he claimed the CIA had recruited them to assassinate Marley in exchange for cocaine and guns.
Following the incident, Marley moved to England, spending two years in self-imposed exile, where he recorded his magnum opus ‘Exodus.’
The shooting not only influenced Marley creatively but also prompted a shift in his lyrical focus. Marley chose to move away from violent themes, focusing on enduring principles and strength from his faith in Jah.
In 1978, Marley returned to Jamaica, participating in the One Love Peace Concert. He invited political rivals Michael Manley and Edward Seaga on stage, urging them to shake hands and symbolize unity.
Click Here To Read More:
Record Sales Reach The Highest Level In UK Since 1990
|
||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
1
| 85
|
https://metro.co.uk/2023/06/28/bob-marleys-grandsons-cause-of-death-revealed-after-death-aged-31-19028032/
|
en
|
Bob Marley’s grandson’s cause of death revealed after death aged 31
|
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[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Alicia Adejobi"
] |
2023-06-28T00:00:00
|
A cause of death for Bob Marley’s grandson, Joseph ‘Mersa’ Marley, has been revealed following his death in December 2022.
|
en
|
Metro
|
https://metro.co.uk/2023/06/28/bob-marleys-grandsons-cause-of-death-revealed-after-death-aged-31-19028032/
|
A cause of death for Bob Marley’s grandson, Joseph ‘Mersa’ Marley, has been revealed.
The musician was found unresponsive in a vehicle in Florida on December 26, 2022 and later pronounced dead at the age of 31.
Joseph was the grandson of late reggae legend Marley and son of musician Stephen Marley.
It was not revealed how Joseph died at the time but now a coroner’s report has been issued.
According to documents from the Miami-Dade Medical Examiner’s Office obtained by Rolling Stone, Joseph died of ‘acute asthma exacerbation’ after being infected by a common cold virus.
Joseph, who himself was also a musician, had a history of asthma, bronchitis and pneumonia, and it’s said he was not taking his asthma medication at the time of his death. In March 2022, he visited a hospital in Florida to receive treatment for a chest abscess.
The Medical Examiner’s Office also found that Joseph had a history of smoking and had ‘enlarged glottic tonsils’ in addition to black discoloration in his lungs.
A toxicology report was conducted and found he had the presence of THC — the chemical in marijuana — in his system as well as naloxone and 0.08% of ethanol.
The report noted: ‘An acute asthma exacerbation due to viral illness is a common occurrence and considered a non-allergic event. Additionally, chronic smoking of combustible products such as tobacco or marijuana is dangerous in a person with asthma.’
It’s said that Joseph spoke to his mother on Christmas Day, the day before his death, and said he was feeling unwell ‘ostensibly due to his asthma’.
Joseph grew up in Jamaica before moving to Miami and forged a music career much like the rest of his family, including his famous grandfather Marley who was a pioneer of reggae music and died in 1981 aged 36 from cancer.
In 2014, Joseph released his debut EP Comfortable featuring six songs and guest appearances from reggae musicians Wayne Marshall and Jemere Morgan.
His second album, Eternal, was released in 2021 and featured the likes of Busy Signal and Melii.
As well as collaborating with his father Stephen, Joseph appeared on the Grammy-winning album Strictly Roots by Morgan Heritage.
He studied studio engineering while at Miami Dade College.
Many paid tribute after news of Joseph’s death, with Jamaica’s Minister of Culture, Gender, Entertainment and Sport, Honorable Olivia Grange, tweeting: ‘I am deeply saddened by the news that artiste Joseph Marley, son of Reggae star, Stephen Marley and grand son of Reggae super star, Bob Marley has died.
‘We were graced by Joseph,whose stage name was Jo Mersa, performing at our Jamaica 60 Launch in Miramar, Florida, USA in May.
‘I extend my deepest condolences to Stephen, Jo’s mom, Kerry, the Marleys and other family members. My heartfelt sympathies to Joseph’s friends and associates and to the Reggae music fraternity and fans everywhere.’
She added: ‘His untimely passing at the young age of 31y.o. is a huge loss to the music as we look to the next generation. May he find Eternal Peace as we mourn his loss during this season of goodwill when we celebrate with family and friends our love for each other.’
Jamaica’s leader of the opposition, Mark J Golding, also said at the time: ‘I’ve just learned of the tragic loss of Joseph “Jo Mersa” Marley. A talented young reggae artiste, son of Stephen Marley & grandson of Bob Marley at only 31 yrs old. The loss of a child is a devastating blow no parent should face, my condolences to Stephen & the entire family.’
Joseph is survived by a wife and daughter.
Got a story?
If you’ve got a celebrity story, video or pictures get in touch with the Metro.co.uk entertainment team by emailing us celebtips@metro.co.uk, calling 020 3615 2145 or by visiting our Submit Stuff page – we’d love to hear from you.
MORE : Bob Marley’s grandson Joseph Mersa Marley dies aged 31 as Jamaican politicians lead tributes
|
|||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
3
| 6
|
https://americansongwriter.com/behind-the-1981-death-of-bob-marley/
|
en
|
Behind the 1981 Death of Bob Marley
|
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[] |
[
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] | null |
[
"Tina Benitez-Eves"
] |
2023-05-11T16:27:29+00:00
|
Bob Marley had a number of health issues throughout his life, but the one that would ultimately claim his life first became visible in 1977.
|
en
|
American Songwriter
|
https://americansongwriter.com/behind-the-1981-death-of-bob-marley/
|
I don’t believe in death, neither in flesh nor in spirit—Bob Marley.
On May 11, 1981, reggae pioneer, songwriter, and storyteller Bob Marley died. He was 36. Just one day after he and the Wailers played two back-to-back shows at Madison Square Garden with The Commodores, September 19-20, 1980, Marley collapsed while he was jogging in Central Park in New York City.
Still in poor health, Marley powered through and played another show at the Stanley Theater in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania on Sept. 23, 1980, which would be his final live performance.
At this point, cancer had already spread to his brain. Less than a year after his final concert, Marley died at Cedars of Lebanon Hospital in Miami Beach, Florida.
[RELATED: The Sympathetic Meaning Behind the Song That Keeps on Giving— “No Woman, No Cry” by Bob Marley]
Marley had a number of health issues throughout his life, but the one that would ultimately claim his life first became visible in 1977 when he noticed a dark spot appeared under his toenail. Though he attributed it to a soccer injury, the spot was a rare, aggressive form of skin cancer called acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM), which ultimately cut his life short.
ALM typically starts with a black or brown discoloration that appears on the sole of the foot or palm of the hand, according to Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. It may resemble a bruise or stain, but over time it grows in size. It is also the only form of melanoma that is not associated with sun exposure.
Sadly, if Marley’s cancer had been detected early, it could have been treated and possibly cured. Instead, it metastasized and spread to his lungs, liver, and brain.
Born on February 6, 1945, Marley started his career in 1963, performing as a teen with future Wailers Peter Tosh and Bunny Wailer in The Teenagers. Their name soon switched to The Wailing Rudeboys, then The Wailing Wailers around their 1965 self-titled debut.
By the release of The Best of the Wailers in 1970 and subsequent Soul Rebels—the first of two albums (the other Soul Revolution Part II in 1971) produced by the late Lee “Scratch” Perry with his band The Upsetters—they were rooted as The Wailers and went on to produce soul-stirring “Get Up, Stand Up,” “Simmer Down” and “War,” among many other classics.
Marley and the Wailers transitioned through earlier ska and into the mid-’60s rocksteady and reggae, from Catch a Fire and its simmering “Stir It Up” to their epic Exodus, and other releases. They would release 12 albums together before Marley’s death. His final release with the Wailers was Uprising in 1980 with its Marley classic “Could You Be Loved” and closing apex “Redemption Song.”
[RELATED: Breaking Down Bob Marley’s Musical Family Tree]
Confrontation was the 13th and final album recorded by Bob Marley and the Wailers, released posthumously in 1983.
Throughout his short life, Marley left behind loving, empowered, joyous, and emancipating stories in song.
Upon his death, his final words to his son Ziggy were “Money can’t buy life.”
Photo by Pete Still/Redferns
|
|||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
3
| 73
|
https://www.thewailers.com/aston-barrett-bassist-of-bob-marley-and-the-wailers-dies-at-77/
|
en
|
Aston Barrett, bassist of Bob Marley and the Wailers, dies at 77
|
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] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"The Wailers"
] |
2024-02-12T19:02:38+00:00
|
Aston “Family Man” Barrett, the legendary and longtime bassist of Bob Marley and the Wailers who helped spread reggae music around the world, has died at 77. Sunday TODAY’s Willie Geist remembers a life well lived.
|
en
|
The Wailers
|
https://www.thewailers.com/aston-barrett-bassist-of-bob-marley-and-the-wailers-dies-at-77/
| ||||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
0
| 26
|
https://www.goodmorningamerica.com/culture/story/review-bob-marley-love-missed-opportunity-showcase-music-107234257
|
en
|
Review: 'Bob Marley: One Love' is a missed opportunity to showcase the music legend
|
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] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Peter Travers",
"Good Morning America"
] |
2024-02-16T09:16:00+00:00
|
Kingsley Ben-Adir radiates starshine as Marley.
|
en
|
Good Morning America
|
https://www.goodmorningamerica.com/culture/story/review-bob-marley-love-missed-opportunity-showcase-music-107234257
|
It should have been better, so much better. "Bob Marley: One Love," now only in theaters, leaves a vacuum where a rich, melodic, ardent, activist biopic should be.
The Jamaica-born music legend, who died in 1981 at 36 after a battle with melanoma, rose from poverty to become the face and voice of reggae and the Rastafarian conscience of his people.
You’d think that you couldn’t miss with a film about a short life as full as Marley’s. Think again. He left behind 11 children and a legacy of immortal hits, including "Redemption Song," "Three Little Birds," "No Woman No Cry" and "Get Up Stand Up." And yet "King Richard" director Reinaldo Marcus Green and his three co-screenwriters repeatedly drop the ball.
No shade on British actor Kingsley Ben-Adir, who excelled as Malcolm X in "One Night in Miami" and Barack Obama in "The Comey Rule." As Marley, Ben-Adir radiates starshine, catching the lilt of Jamaican patois and lip-syncing to Marley’s hits with his band, The Wailers, as he shows the musician in dreamy, sensual, ganja-fueled dance ("Every little thing is gonna be alright").
But everything isn’t alright. The 6’2’’ Ben-Adir doesn’t physically match up with the 5’6” Marley. But Ziggy Marley, the icon’s son and a producer of the film along with his mother and sister, saw in the actor the essence and infectious spirit of his father. You’ll see it, too.
How frustrating that "One Love" only gives us snippets of songs and scraps of a life. Except for flashbacks to a teen Marley (a terrific Quan-Dajai Henriques) haunted by images on horseback of the white father who abandoned him, the movie focuses on a two-year period, starting in late 1976 when gunmen try to kill Marley and his bandmate wife Rita (a superb Lashana Lynch).
Both survive the attempt, incited by a planned Smile Jamaica concert meant to encourage peace between his country’s warring political factions, the democratic socialist People’s Nationalist Party and the conservative Jamaican Labour Party.
Marley claimed to be beyond politics, but that’s no excuse for the skin-deep analysis provided by a film that barely recognizes his long-standing fight for Black independence against the violent vestiges of British colonialism.
After defiantly performing the concert two days later, Marley retreats to the safety of London where he and the band record "Exodus," still widely regarded as one of the the greatest albums of the 20th century, and embark on a European tour.
It’s in the recording sessions, notably "Jamming," that the film infuses Marley’s creative process with the artful ease that marked his style without stinting on the zeal for global harmony that make his music both timeless and as timely as the war between Israel and Hamas.
Just as Rami Malek’s Oscar-winning take on Freddie Mercury in "Bohemian Rhapsody" was almost swallowed up by genre cliches, Ben-Adir must swat away at the script’s attempts to reduce Marley to a harmless symbol of mellow vibes dressed up in denim and dreadlocks.
That Ben-Adir infuses Marley with flesh-and-blood humanity raises the bar for the film, as do his scenes with the magnificent Lynch ("The Woman King"), herself of Jamaican descent, especially when they tear into his frequent infidelities. Her interpretation of "No Woman No Cry" vibrates with a raw energy sadly absent from this family-sanctioned film.
"Bob Marley: One Life" wraps up in 1978 with a peace concert back home, mostly condensed over the end credits. Just one mistake among many in a trite script that is no match for the way Marley spoke his heart through his music. At the very least, this flawed, authenticity-starved film will put Marley and "Exodus" back on your personal playlist. That’s where the magic is.
|
|||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
0
| 71
|
https://www.billboard.com/music/rock/moon-landing-2024-music-lunar-capsule-1235615080/
|
en
|
The 2024 Moon Landing Placed Music By Jimi Hendrix, Bob Marley, Elvis & More on the Lunar Surface
|
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[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Joe Lynch"
] |
2024-02-26T20:18:06+00:00
|
The recent moon landing by a private company placed music from Elvis, Bob Marley and many more in a time capsule on the lunar surface.
|
en
|
Billboard
|
https://www.billboard.com/music/rock/moon-landing-2024-music-lunar-capsule-1235615080/
|
A lot of history was made last Thursday (Feb. 22) when the Odysseus space craft landed on earth’s moon. Not only did it mark the first time a private lander made lunar touchdown, but it saw an American craft return to the moon for the first time since 1972. Billboard can now reveal that the lunar lander made musical history as well, bringing digitized recordings from some of the most iconic musicians of all time to an arts-centric time capsule that’s currently sitting on the moon’s silent surface.
Filmmaker Michael P. Nash, whose acclaimed 2010 documentary Climate Refugees put a human face on climate change and is included in this lunar capsule, describes it as a “future ancient cave drawing” of sorts (his film is the sole documentary in this lunar payload). “In case we blow ourselves up with a nuclear weapon or a meteor hits us or climatic change wipes us out, there’s a testament of our history sitting on the moon,” he says.
This lunar art museum spans millennia, reaching all the way back to a Sumerian cuneiform fragment of musical notation up to modern-day beats by Timbaland. The digitized lunar archive includes material from 20th century icons Elvis Presley, Marvin Gaye, Santana, Jimi Hendrix, Chuck Berry, Sly & the Family Stone, Bob Marley, Janis Joplin, The Who and many more, as well as photos of everything from Woodstock to album art (naturally, a photo of Pink Floyd’s The Dark Side of the Moon is included) in a glass, nickel and NanoFiche structure built to last millions of, if not a billion, years.
“This is music that stands the test of time,” says Dallas Santana, who came up with the idea of sending 222 artists to the moon and pitched it to the Arch Mission Foundation. Working with Galactic Legacy Labs, Space Blue (Santana’s company) curated the payload, which was affixed to the Intuitive Machines-built craft (that company had no creative input on this payload’s contents, nor did SpaceX, which launched the lander). Space Blue formed a partnership with Nash’s Beverly Hills Productions and Melody Trust — a company that owns the rights to some masters from a number of classic rock artists — for the purposes of this enterprise, appropriately titling it Lunar Records.
The archive from Melody Trust, which Santana says is about 25,000 songs deep, includes unreleased recordings from some of these musical legends, according to Santana. “Songs that have never been released, ever — they’re on the moon now,” he says, tipping to purportedly unreleased recordings of Hendrix captured prior to the formation of the Jimi Hendrix Experience. As a huge Hendrix fan, he says he was “immediately skeptical” about them at first but was pleasantly surprised to be wrong about them after months of “due diligence and analysis” from his advisors. “The world will find out about them,” he promises.
As the curator of the musical moon museum, Santana says music from 1969 and artists who played Woodstock are a focal point of this collection for several reasons. On July 20, 1969, humans set foot on the moon for the time; just weeks later, the Summer of Love reached its pinnacle when 460,000 people gathered at the Woodstock Music Festival in a spirit of peaceful togetherness he hopes this capsule will evoke. Santana admits there’s a bit of historical irony here: many musicians of that generation pressured the U.S. government to stop spending money on lunar landings in favor of solving terrestrial problems, which was a part of the reason NASA suspended moon missions in 1972. Now, some of those artists are enshrined on the moon for up to a billion years.
While the Space Blue founder has previously teased an arts-centric payload on this mission, he specifically kept the names of the musicians known to a select few. “NASA doesn’t know – SpaceX doesn’t know yet,” he says. “Elon Musk is the greatest rocketeer of all time, we’re grateful for his company. When we decided to have conversations about musicians last year, we thought it was not appropriate to bring to it to his attention what we were going to do. And musicians were concerned about that. They said, ‘Does Elon Musk have anything to do with deciding what musicians go up there?’ And I said, ‘Absolutely not, this is a private payload.’”
He hopes the lunar payload – which also includes plenty of non-musical artistic achievements, including paintings by Rembrandt and Van Gogh – will “resurrect” the spirit of the Woodstock generation. “We need peace on the earth right now. We’ve brought to the moon the Summer of Love, the people and artists and messages that are needed on earth right now.”
The inclusion of Nash’s Climate Refugees documentary in the lunar art museum acknowledges another pressing concern facing us earthlings – climate change and the mass migration that’s likely to ensue. With an eye on what’s next, Nash is beginning to work on a sequel film called Chasing Truth. “My partners are Leonardo DiCaprio, his father, George DiCaprio, and the VoLo Foundation. We’re going back around the world to update this,” he says.
“Both Leonardo and George are very clear this needs to be a solution-oriented film, more utopian than dystopian. This is going to give solutions,” Nash promises. “We’ve passed the point of changing lightbulbs – but that’s really important. There are power in numbers. Become part of something bigger than you. It’s going to take everybody to move us past this tsunami headed our way.”
After this mission, Lunar Records intends to continue rising. They are eying other lunar payloads of a similar nature, and even talking about placing an arts museum on Mars if a Martian landing comes to pass – meaning that Mars’ igneous rocks may have to make room for a new kind of rock before too long.
|
|||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
1
| 46
|
https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/the-life-and-times-of-bob-marley-78392/
|
en
|
The Life and Times of Bob Marley
|
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[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Mikal Gilmore"
] |
2005-03-10T05:00:00+00:00
|
Bob Marley made music like nobody else — and he became a legend in his short lifespan.
|
en
|
Rolling Stone
|
https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/the-life-and-times-of-bob-marley-78392/
|
Bob Marley was already dying when he stood onstage in Pittsburgh that night, in September 1980. He had developed a malignant melanoma — an incurable cancer, by this time — that he had let progress unchecked, for reasons that he probably could not fathom at this hour. He was a man with no time, with a mission that no one in popular music had ever attempted before. In the past few years, he had managed to popularize reggae — a music that had once sounded strange and foreign to many ears — and to convey the truths of his troubled homeland, Jamaica, for a mass audience. Now he wanted to find ways to put across truths about people outside Jamaica and America, England and Europe. He wanted to speak for a world outside familiar borders — a world his audience didn’t yet know enough about.
He wouldn’t see that dream fulfilled. He would be dead in a few months, his body sealed in a mausoleum back in that troubled homeland of his.
But something fascinating has happened since Bob Marley died twenty-four years ago: He has continued. It isn’t simply that his records still sell in substantial numbers (though they do), it’s that his mission might still have a chance. It isn’t a simple mission. Marley wasn’t singing about how peace could come easily to the world but rather about how hell on earth comes too easily to too many. He knew the conditions he was singing about. His songs weren’t about theory or conjecture, or an easy distant compassion. His songs were his memories; he had lived with the wretched, he had seen the downpressors and those whom they pressed down, he had been shot at. It was his ability to describe all this in palpable and authentic ways that sustains his body of music unlike any other we’ve ever known.
Bob Marley made hell tuneful, like nobody before or since. That’s what has kept him alive.
Robert Nesta Marley was born in a small rural Jamaican village called Nine Miles. His father was a white man, Capt. Norval Marley, a superintendent of lands for the British government, which had colonized Jamaica in the 1660s. Marley’s mother, Cedella, was a young black woman, descended from the Cromantee tribe, who as slaves had staged the bloodiest uprisings in the island’s plantation era. Capt. Marley seduced Cedella, age seventeen, promising her marriage, as he re-enacted an age-old scenario of white privilege over black service. When Cedella became pregnant, the captain kept his promise — but left her the next day rather than face disinheritance.
Editor’s picks
The couple’s only child arrived in the early part of 1945, as World War II neared its end. Nobody is certain of the exact date — it was listed on Bob’s passport as April 6th, but Cedella was sure it was two months earlier. It took her a long time to record the birth with the registrar; she was afraid, she later said, she’d get in trouble for having a child with a white man. While mixed-race couplings weren’t rare, they also weren’t welcome, and generally it was the child of these unions who bore the scorn. But Marley’s mixed inheritance gave him a valuable perspective. Though he became increasingly devoted in his life to the cause of speaking to the black diaspora — that population throughout the world that had been scattered or colonized as the result of the slave trade and imperialism — he never expressed hatred for white people but rather hatred for one people’s undeserved power to subjugate another people. Marley understood that the struggle for power might result in bloodshed, but he also maintained that if humankind failed to stand together, it would fail to stand at all.
In the 1950s, Cedella moved to Kingston — the only place in Jamaica where any future of consequence could be realized. She and her son made their home in a government tenant yard, a crowded area where poor people lived, virtually all of them black. The yard they settled in, Trench Town, was made up of row upon row of cheap corrugated metal and tar-paper one-room shacks, generally with no plumbing. It was a place where your dreams might raise you or kill you, but you would have to live and act hard in either case. To Cedella’s dismay, her son began to come into his own there — to find a sense of community and purpose amid rough conditions and rough company, including the local street gangs. These gangs evolved soon enough into a faction called Rude Boys — teenagers and young adults who dressed sharp, acted insolent and knew how to fight. Kingston hated the Rude Boys, and police and politicians had vowed to eradicate them.
Related
It was in this setting of grim delimitation that Marley first found what would give his life purpose: Kingston’s burgeoning and eccentric rhythm & blues scene. In the late 1940s, Jamaican youth had started to catch the fever of America’s urban popular music — in particular, the earthy and polyrhythmic dance and blues sounds of New Orleans. By the 1960s, Kingston was producing its own form of R&B: a taut, tricky and intense music in which rhythms shifted their accents to the offbeat — almost an inversion of American rock & roll and funk. This new Jamaican music was, like American R&B, the long-term result of how black music survived and evolved as a means of maintaining community in unsympathetic lands. It was music that gave a displaced population a way to tell truths about their lives and a way of claiming victory over daily misery, or at least of finding a respite.
Jamaica’s popular music — from calypso to mento — had always served as a means to spread stories, about neighbors’ moral failures or the overlord society’s duplicity. The commentary could be clever and merciless, and the music that Marley first began to play had the tempo to carry such sharp purposes. It was called ska (after its scratch-board-like rhythms), and just as R&B and rock & roll had been viewed in America as disruptive and immoral, Jamaica’s politicians, ministers and newspapers looked upon ska as trash: a dangerous music from the ghetto that helped fuel the Rude Boys’ violence. But the Rude Boys would soon receive an unexpected jolt of validation.
|
|||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
2
| 13
|
https://www.biography.com/musicians/a46803099/how-did-bob-marley-die
|
en
|
How Did Bob Marley Die? Details About the Musician’s Early Death
|
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[
"explainer"
] | null |
[
"Tyler Piccotti"
] |
2024-02-15T20:31:45.033431
|
Reggae icon Bob Marley died in 1981 when he was only 36. Here’s what you need to know about his final years and cause of death.
|
en
|
/_assets/design-tokens/biography/static/images/favicon.3635572.ico
|
Biography
|
https://www.biography.com/musicians/a46803099/how-did-bob-marley-die
|
The musical biopic —now and available for digital purchase on platforms like and —sheds light on the iconic reggae singer’s later years, including his self-imposed exile from Jamaica following a 1976 assassination attempt and his return for the historic One Love Peace Concert in 1978. But as Marley’s music continued to gain popularity throughout the world in the late ’70s, the star began facing a grim health diagnosis in private.
Doctors discovered Marley had acral lentiginous melanoma, a form of skin cancer, in 1977. The singer continued to perform and record music after his diagnosis, but the illness ultimately spread and took a severe physical toll on Marley, who refused a primary form of treatment.
Marley died from complications of cancer at the young age of 36 on May 11, 1981—leaving music fans to wonder what might have happened if Marley had made a different choice about his health. Here is what you need to know about his cancer diagnosis and how it affected the musician.
What is acral lentiginous melanoma?
Acral lentiginous melanoma is a rare type of skin cancer that only develops on the palms of the hands, soles of the feet, or underneath nails. According to a September 2022 article from the MD Anderson Cancer Center at the University of Texas, the disease makes up only 5 percent of new melanoma diagnoses each year.
Because it develops on areas usually shielded from sunlight, ALM is not believed to be linked to ultraviolet ray exposure. However, the true cause isn’t exactly clear. According to dermatologist Kelly Nelson, many patients describe a history of trauma to the affected area. Pressure on the feet and genetics could also be factors.
How was Marley diagnosed?
Marley was first diagnosed with ALM in July 1977 after seeking medical treatment for what he believed to be an injury from playing soccer.
What treatment did Marley receive?
According to the AIM at Melanoma Foundation, there was a lack of effective treatments other than surgery at the time. Upon discovering the cancer on Marley’s right toe, doctors recommended amputation. However, the musician refused the treatment because his Rastafarian beliefs prohibited it. Marley did agree to have some of the skin and tissue around his nail bed removed and replaced with skin from his thigh
The singer didn’t attend routine follow-up appointments after his diagnosis, and his cancer ultimately metastasized. Chemotherapy was available but typically ineffective because cancerous melanocyte cells don’t respond to it. According to AIM at Melanoma, Marley was treated at multiple clinics specializing in cancer, including Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York City.
In the fall of 1980, Marley collapsed while jogging in Central Park—prompting doctors to discover the cancer had spread throughout his body, including his lungs, brain, and liver. , a doctor at Sloan Kettering said Marley had “more cancer in him than I’ve seen with a live human being” and gave the singer only a few months to live. Still, Marley received radiation therapy to shrink tumors in his lungs and liver.
How did Bob Marley die?
Bob Marley performs in one of his final concerts on September 19, 1980, at Madison Square Garden in New York City.
An ill Marley played his final show with his band, the Wailers, on September 23, 1980, in Pittsburgh and continued to seek treatment. His body had severely weakened, with even his easily recognizable dreadlocked hair becoming too heavy for his frame.
According to BobMarley.com, the singer battled the disease for another eight months, attending the clinic of Dr. Josef Issels in Germany for alternative treatment. When this didn’t help, Marley decided to fly to Jamaica to spend his final days there. However, Marley’s vital functions deteriorated while in flight, forcing an emergency landing in Miami.
|
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wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
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FactBench
|
1
| 11
|
https://www.smoothradio.com/artists/bob-marley/death-cause-explained-conspiracy/
|
en
|
How did Bob Marley die? The Wailers icon's untimely death explained 40 years on
|
https://imgs.smoothradio.com/images/50896?width=1200&crop=16_9&signature=kriXVYOeXRC4aDk1RHFOf6mKMJk=
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https://imgs.smoothradio.com/images/50896?width=1200&crop=16_9&signature=kriXVYOeXRC4aDk1RHFOf6mKMJk=
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[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Tom Eames"
] |
2022-07-25T12:44:07+01:00
|
The reggae passed away in 1981, aged just 36. He left behind a legacy that lives on to this day, and music that still inspires and uplifts us.
|
en
|
/assets_v4r/smooth/img/favicon-16x16.png
|
Smooth
|
https://www.smoothradio.com/artists/bob-marley/death-cause-explained-conspiracy/
|
When and where did Bob Marley die?
Bob Marley passed away at the Cedars Of Lebanon Hospital in Miami on May 11, 1981.
His final words to his son Ziggy were "Money can't buy life."
Who is Bob Marley's wife Rita Marley? Singer's age, family, children and career explained
What was Bob Marley's cause of death?
Marley died from an acral lentiginous melanoma, which is a form of skin cancer.
He had been diagnosed in 1977, and it had spread from under a nail of his toe.
He first discovered melanoma while playing football in 1977. A foot injury seemed worse than usual, and got worse over time. After doctors discovered it was cancer, he was advised to have his toe amputated.
However, he refused as his Rastafarian faith considers it a sin to have any part of the body ‘temple’ removed. Instead, he agreed to a skin graft, but sadly this didn’t stop the disease from spreading throughout his body by 1980.
What was he doing in 1981?
Marley collapsed while jogging in Central Park during his final tour, and he played his final gig in Pittsburgh in September 1980.
He then cancelled all remaining live dates and flew to Germany for a diet-based treatment under Josef Issels.
Bob Marley's best songs ever
However, after eight months of unsuccessful treatment, Marley flew home to Jamaica.
On the flight home, his condition worsened and he was rushed to hospital on arrival in Miami, and he died on May 11, 1981.
Where was Bob Marley's funeral held?
Bob Marley - Robin Denselow: Marley Funeral Report 05/21/81
Bob Marley was given a state funeral in Jamaica on May 21, 1981.
The eulogy was delivered by Prime Minister Edward Seaga He was buried in a chapel near his birthplace, alongside his Gibson Les Paul guitar.
Seaga said: "His voice was an omnipresent cry in our electronic world. His sharp features, majestic looks, and prancing style are a vivid etching on the landscape of our minds.
"Bob Marley was never seen. He was an experience which left an indelible imprint with each encounter. Such a man cannot be erased from the mind. He is part of the collective consciousness of the nation."
Are there any conspiracy theories about his death?
Marlon James: 'Bob Marley was dangerous'
One popular theory claims that due to his popular political presence in Jamaica, Marley was murdered by the CIA.
It has been suggested that the CIA were behind his attempted assassination at Hope Road in 1976, and that after failing to kill him, they attempted different methods to end his life.
The theory alleges that Carl Colby, the son of late CIA director William Colby, gave Marley a pair of boots and, when Bob put them on, a radioactive copper wire inside pricked his toe, causing his cancer.
There have also been stories that Issels was an ex-SS officer working with the CIA to poison Marley.
|
||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
1
| 4
|
https://news.cuanschutz.edu/cancer-center/rare-melanoma-that-killed-bob-marley
|
en
|
What Is the Rare Melanoma That Killed Bob Marley?
|
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[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Greg Glasgow"
] |
2024-03-29T16:04:52+00:00
|
What is the acral lentiginous melanoma that killed Bob Marley?
|
en
|
https://news.cuanschutz.edu/cancer-center/rare-melanoma-that-killed-bob-marley
|
What is acral lentiginous melanoma?
It is a type of melanoma that arises on non-hair-bearing skin, including the palms of the hands, the soles of the feet, and underneath the fingernails. They’re not caused by sun exposure, and they affect people of all races and ethnicities. Cutaneous melanoma caused by sun exposure mostly affects Caucasians, but this is a type of melanoma that affects everyone. In countries like Asia, acral lentiginous melanoma is the most common form of melanoma, though it's still a rare melanoma overall. It makes up about 3% of all melanoma cases.
What causes it?
The underlying cause is not well defined. We don't know what causes these. Sometimes people say, “Years ago, I smashed my finger in a car door,” or there's some sort of trauma. In Bob Marley's case, he thought it was just a bruise from kicking a soccer ball. There’s a loose connection to trauma, but it hasn't been proven. It's a rare cancer, so if it was caused just by smashing your finger in a door, everyone would have it.
Was there anything different about Bob Marley’s acral lentiginous melanoma?
Bob Marley's melanoma was underneath the toenail. Melanomas underneath the toenails and the fingernails are technically called subungual melanomas, and so they're a special type. Historically, they been clustered together with acral melanomas, but we published a paper a couple of years ago where we looked at the molecular features of the acral melanomas on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet versus the molecular features of the subungual melanomas underneath the fingernails and the toenails. We found a lot of molecular differences, and now we argue that even though they’re related, subungual melanomas are actually clinically and molecularly very different. So technically, Bob Marley had a subungual melanoma.
How is acral lentiginous melanoma diagnosed?
It can be mistaken for bruising. The subungual ones can appear like a stripe under the fingernail or pigmentation around the nailbed at the bottom of the nail. The acral melanomas, the spots on the hands and the feet, can be tricky, because they look more like a regular mole. When you start developing a cutaneous melanoma, it usually gets irregular looking, and it can be raised and nodular. But the acral melanomas just look like a mole that stays pretty flat and might expand just a little. Sometimes we'll see a patient and they say, “I have this thing on the bottom of my foot; my primary doctor thought it was a wart and tried to freeze it off.” Because it's less common, not all general practitioners and are looking for this type of melanoma.
How dangerous is acral lentiginous melanoma?
One of the things we found is that the subungual melanomas under the nail seem to metastasize and spread a lot faster than a regular acral melanoma. A lot of times, when people get melanoma under the fingernail or toenail, doctors just amputate that digit. There is emerging data, however, that where even when you amputate, it doesn't extend survival overall. These melanomas can spread quickly, and even if they're detected early and you undergo amputation, you can still develop metastatic disease. The five-year survival rate for acral and subungual melanoma is similar to that of cutaneous melanoma — around 70% to 80% from initial diagnosis. The survival rate is pretty good if it's detected early, but once it spreads, acral melanoma is more challenging than cutaneous melanoma to treat.
Besides amputating a digit, are there other treatments?
True acral melanomas, the ones on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet, have about a 15% rate of the BRAF genetic mutation that is found in other melanomas. We have drugs we can use to target that in the clinic, and those do work for acral melanoma patients. We don't see the BRAF in the subungual melanomas, however. Immunotherapy is very effective in around 50% of cutaneous melanoma patients, but it’s about half as effective in acral and subungual melanomas. There can be mutations like BRAF that you can target, and some patients will respond to immunotherapy, but not as well as in cutaneous.
Is there a surgical option for acral lentiginous melanoma?
For the acral melanomas, patients undergo a wide local excision, just as they would for a cutaneous melanoma. If it’s on the bottom of the foot, it can take longer to heal, but they do heal. For the subungual ones under the nail, it’s very difficult to cut out only the melanoma under the fingernail. That's why amputation is pretty common.
Is there any way to screen for acral lentiginous melanoma? What are the warning signs people should be looking for?
Typically, people notice these spots themselves and will go get checked out. There are no screening methods or known risk factors people should be aware of. You should keep an eye on your nails and check the bottom of the feet, particularly the heel. Anything that looks like a new mole or a pigmented area on the palms of the hands or the soles of the feet, definitely get that checked out. This is not a common place to get moles. The ones underneath the nails can present as a stripe on the fingernail or the toenail or a brown pigmented area right at the base of the fingernail. Sometimes people think it's a bruise that won't go away.
|
||||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
1
| 50
|
https://www.today.com/popculture/movies/bob-marley-one-love-movie-rcna138356
|
en
|
Ziggy Marley recalls dad Bob Marley’s last words to him before his death
|
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"Randi Richardson"
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2024-02-14T19:37:19+00:00
|
Ziggy Marley talks about his father, Bob Marley, in a new episode of "Making Space with Hoda Kotb." Here's what he said about the subject of "Bob Marley: One Love."
|
en
|
https://nodeassets.nbcnews.com/cdnassets/projects/ramen/favicon/today/all-other-sizes-PNG.ico/favicon.ico
|
TODAY.com
|
https://www.today.com/popculture/movies/bob-marley-one-love-movie-rcna138356
|
New episodes of Hoda’s podcast are available every Wednesday — just search “Making Space” wherever you get your podcasts, or click here.
Ziggy Marley was 12 years old when his father, Bob Marley, died, and he cherishes their last memory together.
In a new episode of "Making Space with Hoda Kotb" released Feb. 28, Ziggy Marley shared with Hoda his father's last words to him. Bob Marley died at age 36 in 1981.
He recalled being in his dad's intensive care hospital room a few days before the singer died from malignant melanoma.
"I was, like, peeping through the window," Ziggy Marley, now 55, said. "And he was like, 'Come here.' So, I went in, and he was like, 'Hey ... well, young Bob, I have a song for you.' And he said these words: 'On your way up, take me up. On your way down, don’t let me down.'"
Shortly after, Ziggy Marley said he learned his dad had died while visiting his grandmother in Miami.
"I think I was downstairs and the call came," he said. "I told you I'm very observant. I listen and I look a lot. Nobody didn't say, 'Oh, your father died.' ... Then I saw my sister. I saw her face. I knew."
The heralded Jamaican reggae star is the namesake of the new film “Bob Marley: One Love,” released in theaters Feb. 14. Producers include his widow, Rita Marley, and two of his kids, Ziggy Marley and Cedella Marley. Kingsley Ben-Adir, Lashana Lynch and James Norton star.
Ziggy Marley, plus Lynch and Ben-Adir, previously shared with TODAY.com what it was like to bring Bob Marley's life story to the big screen. Read on to learn more about the music icon's life.
Who are Bob Marley’s parents?
Norval Marley and Cedella Booker had Robert Nesta Marley in 1945. The film briefly mentions them in select scenes, but does not go in depth about how they met.
In the scenes, an adult Bob Marley, portrayed by Ben-Adir, grapples with never really knowing his dad, who did not claim him, and having a mom who lived in the U.S. when he was in Jamaica.
Ben-Adir says he listened to the singer's discography to help him with his character development.
"Every week, I'd change an album. I was shifting between all of the music as we were filming. And the last song I really studied was 'So Jah S'eh' in Jamaica and I think that song has really stayed with me."
The song, which highlights Marley's Rastafarian religion, is a song about unity, hope and the need for social justice.
"Not one of my seeds shall sit on the sidewalk and beg bread," the lyrics say. "And verily, verily, I'm saying unto thee, ignite oneself and love humanity."
Who are Bob Marley’s children?
The "One Love" singer had 12 children.
Bob Marley had his three oldest children, Cedella Marley, Ziggy Marley and Stephen Marley, with his widow, Rita Marley, in 1967, 1968 and 1972, respectively. Bob Marley also adopted two of her kids, Sharon Marley, whom Rita Marley had in 1964 before marrying the singer, and Stephanie Marley, born in 1974. Rita Marley's sixth child, Serita Stewart, was born in 1985, after Marley’s death.
Bob Marley also had Rohan Marley with Janet Hunt and Robbie Marley with Pat Williams in 1972. The reggae legend had Karen Marley the next year with Janet Bowen and Julian Marley in 1975 with Lucy Pounder. In 1976, Ky-Mani Marley was born to the singer and Anita Belnavis, a table tennis champion in Jamaica. Two years later, in 1978, Damian Marley was born to Cindy Breakspeare, a jazz musician and model who was crowned Miss World in 1976. Lastly, Bob Marley had Makeda Jahnesta in 1981 with Yvette Crichton.
Ziggy Marley tells TODAY.com that his father’s life and legacy was all about “being a good human (and) being, really, someone who is of service to others.”
“Not a selfish person — (he’s) a good example for all of us as human beings going into sacrifice for the betterment of the community and the people,” he added.
Keep reading to learn more about Bob Marley and the true story behind the film.
How did Bob Marley die?
Marley died of malignant melanoma, a form of skin cancer, found when getting treatment for a foot injury sustained during a game of soccer. He was diagnosed in 1977 and died four years later at the age of 36.
One year before his diagnosis, the singer survived an assassination attempt, in which his wife was shot in the head. Rita Marley also survived the shooting.
Although there's still debate over who shot Bob Marley and his wife, the documentary about the shooting, "Who Shot The Sheriff? A Bob Marley Story," says that it was politically motivated.
Where is Bob Marley buried?
Marley is buried at a mausoleum in his honor in Nine Mile, Jamaica, his birthplace. Fans may visit and tour the burial grounds.
"I don't have to go there to visit my dad," Ziggy Marley said.
"Anywhere I go, I can visit my dad spiritually," he added. "We're spiritual people, so we live in that world. We'll visit him or he visits me every now and again."
Where is Bob Marley's wife, Rita Marley, now?
Rita Marley currently lives in Miami. The couple married in 1966.
After Marley's death in 1981, she converted their home in Kingston to the Bob Marley Museum in 1987 and founded the Bob Marley Foundation in 1986. She continues his work of loving people through these initiatives.
Lynch, who portrays Rita Marley in the film, met her on a few occasions and says her presence has a "kind of effect."
"Going in just with my knowledge I had already about her as one of Jamaican heritage, I had an abundance of respect and love for her from afar," Lynch says. "It was wonderful."
"She was open and giving and loving, and just has such a generous spirit that it felt like anything that I needed was going to be provided just energetically," she continues. "And I really appreciate her opening her doors for me because she didn't have to. So to do that on multiple occasions felt like an honor."
What did Ziggy Marley tell Hoda about his family on the ‘Making Space’ podcast?
Ziggy Marley opened up on the Feb. 28 episode of “Making Space with Hoda Kotb” about his father’s last words to him not long before Bob Marley died.
“I was, like, peeping through the window," Ziggy Marley said. "And he was like, ‘Come here.’ So, I went in, and he was like, ‘Hey ... well, young Bob, I have a song for you.’ And he said these words: ‘On your way up, take me up. On your way down, don’t let me down.’”
Shortly after, Ziggy Marley said he learned his dad had died while visiting his grandmother in Miami. Ziggy Marley was 12 at the time.
“I think I was downstairs and the call came,” he said. “I told you I’m very observant. I listen and I look a lot. Nobody didn’t say, ‘Oh, your father died.’ ... Then I saw my sister. I saw her face. I knew.”
Before Bob Marley's passing, Ziggy Marley said he tried to cut a deal with God that he'd be "a good boy" if he could see his father one more time. He also told Hoda that as a spiritual person, his father has never really left him.
"His presence is in me. I'm a part of his presence. And every now and again, I can see him in me. I can feel him in me and I can see some of his actions in me," Ziggy Marley said.
Ziggy Marley said looking back, he wishes he had spent more time with his father during his last days to make decisions on his end-of-life care.
"He had a lot of people around him, but I don’t think he had the right people around him," Ziggy Marley said.
"He was working hard and he was sick, and nobody could, like, pull the plug (and let him rest and heal)," he said. "It's like those guys around him were — I don't respect that at all."
"So I wish that I was around, if I could have given him the right advice. He wasn't getting it right," he said.
|
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wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
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FactBench
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0
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https://www.tiktok.com/%40joy.of.everything/video/7218697595105987883
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en
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Make Your Day
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[
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wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
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FactBench
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1
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https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/africa/Here-is-how-Bob-Marley-died-the-mystery-explained-1919455
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en
|
Here is how Bob Marley died, the mystery explained
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2024-03-01T11:54:35+00:00
|
The enigma surrounding how reggae icon Bob Markey died engaged the thoughts of fans after the new musical biopic “Bob Marley: One Love,” hit the theaters. The documentary film explored the later years of the legendary reggae singer.
|
en
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https://cdn.ghanaweb.com/design/favicon.ico
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GhanaWeb
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https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/africa/Here-is-how-Bob-Marley-died-the-mystery-explained-1919455
|
The enigma surrounding how reggae icon Bob Markey died engaged the thoughts of fans after the new musical biopic “Bob Marley: One Love,” hit the theaters. The documentary film explored the later years of the legendary reggae singer.
It also delved into his self-imposed exile from Jamaica after a 1976 assassination attempt and his return for the historic One Love Peace Concert in 1978. Despite Marley’s growing global popularity in the late ’70s, he faced a private health battle.
Diagnosed with acral lentiginous melanoma, a form of skin cancer, in 1977, Marley continued to perform and record music but declined a primary form of treatment. The illness eventually spread, profoundly affecting Marley’s health.
The reggae legend died at the age of 36 in 1981. But, many are of the view that melanoma shouldn’t have killed Marley. Speculation among music enthusiasts was rife about the potential outcomes had he pursued different health choices, according to Biography.
But, here are the key details surrounding his cancer diagnosis and its impact on the iconic musician.
Acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) is a rare form of skin cancer that specifically occurs on the palms of the hands, soles of the feet, or underneath nails. It comprises only 5 percent of new melanoma diagnoses annually, as per a September 2022 article from the MD Anderson Cancer Center at the University of Texas.
Unlike other skin cancers linked to sunlight exposure, ALM is not believed to be associated with ultraviolet rays. However, its exact cause remains unclear. Dermatologists suggest that trauma to the affected area, pressure on the feet, and genetic factors may play a role.
Marley’s initial diagnosis of acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) occurred in July 1977, following medical attention sought for what he perceived as a soccer-related injury. During Marley’s time, effective treatments for acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) were limited, with surgery being the primary option, as noted by the AIM at Melanoma Foundation.
When doctors found cancer on Marley’s right toe, they proposed amputation, but Marley declined due to his adherence to Rastafarian beliefs. Instead, he consented to the removal of skin and tissue around his nail bed, which was then replaced with skin from his thigh.
Following his diagnosis, Marley didn’t attend regular follow-up appointments, leading to the metastasis of his cancer. Chemotherapy, though available, was generally ineffective against melanoma cells, as highlighted by AIM at Melanoma. Marley sought treatment at various cancer-specialized clinics, including the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York City.
In the autumn of 1980, Marley collapsed during a jog in Central Park, leading doctors to realize that his cancer had spread extensively, affecting his lungs, brain, and liver. As reported by The New Yorker, a physician at Sloan Kettering remarked that Marley had an unprecedented amount of cancer.
Despite a grim prognosis of only a few months to live, Marley underwent radiation therapy to reduce tumors in his lungs and liver. Marley’s last performance with his band, the Wailers, took place on September 23, 1980, in Pittsburgh, despite his declining health.
He continued seeking treatment, but his body weakened significantly, with even his trademark dreadlocks becoming burdensome. BobMarley.com reports that Marley fought the disease for another eight months, trying alternative treatments at Dr. Josef Issels’ clinic in Germany. When these efforts proved futile, Marley opted to return to Jamaica for his final days. However, his condition deteriorated during the flight, necessitating an emergency landing in Miami.
Marley passed away on May 11, 1981, due to complications from his illness, at Cedars of Lebanon Hospital in Florida.
He was honored with a state funeral in Jamaica shortly thereafter, where hundreds of thousands of grieving fans paid their respects, ensuring his enduring musical legacy.
|
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wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
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FactBench
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3
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https://www.facebook.com/dw.musicscene/posts/bob-marley-died-on-this-day-may-11-in-1981-the-reggae-superstar-who-had-a-string/3303309813037166/
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DW Music
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Bob Marley died on this day - May 11 - in 1981. The reggae superstar who had a string of hits in the 1970s died of cancer aged just 36. Marley was a...
|
de
|
https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/rsrc.php/yT/r/aGT3gskzWBf.ico
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https://www.facebook.com/dw.musicscene/posts/bob-marley-died-on-this-day-may-11-in-1981-the-reggae-superstar-who-had-a-string/3303309813037166/
| ||||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
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FactBench
|
3
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https://www.nbcnews.com/news/nbcblk/bob-marley-biopic-one-love-kingsley-benadir-rcna138599
|
en
|
Bob Marley biopic ‘One Love’ dials down the legend but amplifies human connection
|
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[
"Arturo Conde"
] |
2024-02-14T19:27:59+00:00
|
Kingsley Ben-Adir, the British actor who plays Bob Marley, tells a story about a legend that was something that he and Marley's family wanted "to turn the volume down on."
|
en
|
https://nodeassets.nbcnews.com/cdnassets/projects/ramen/favicon/nbcnews/all-other-sizes-PNG.ico/favicon.ico
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NBC News
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https://www.nbcnews.com/news/nbcblk/bob-marley-biopic-one-love-kingsley-benadir-rcna138599
|
Biopics often put the spotlight on larger-than-life icons. But for Kingsley Ben-Adir, the British actor who plays Jamaican reggae star Bob Marley in a new movie out Wednesday, telling a sweeping story about a legend was something that he — and Marley’s family — wanted “to turn the volume down on.”
“We were trying to find a bit of Bob’s spirit as a human being,” he said in a video interview with NBC News. “That was my instruction from the family and the intention of the movie that’s produced by them.”
Kingsley explained that beyond the legend that captured the imagination of Marley’s fellow Jamaicans — and fans all over the world — they wanted viewers to connect on a deeper human level.
“There’s something about his lifelong journey to spread peace, or find peace for himself, that I feel is very, very universal,” he said. “We’re all on our own journeys trying to feel connected to something.”Kingsley said Marley was able to transmit this profound yearning for a higher sense of connection through the “feeling of his music.”
“Bob Marley: One Love” hits movie theaters nationwide one week after what would have been the reggae star’s 79th birthday. Marley died in 1981, just 36 years old, from a melanoma on his big toenail.
The title of the biopic comes from the hit song “One Love,” which was released on the 1965 debut album by Marley’s original group, The Wailers.
The chorus of “One love. One heart. Let’s get together and feel all right” carries a greater message of unity that director Reinaldo Marcus Green — and Marley’s family — presents in the film, set amid violent political unrest in Jamaica in 1976.
“We wanted to establish the stakes right away. There were two rival parties,” Green said in a video interview. At the time, Jamaica had been splintered by the People’s National Party and the Jamaica Labour Party, with the tensions leading to intense violence in the run-up to an election. “And Bob was at the center of this.”
The movie begins as the reggae star tries to unify all Jamaicans with a free concert called Smile Jamaica. Shortly before the event, Marley and his wife, Rita (played by Lashana Lynch), are shot.
“Somebody didn’t want him to do that. Somebody wanted him to choose sides,” Green said.
The couple survive the assassination attempt and exile themselves soon after. Rita Marley goes to Delaware with their children. And Bob Marley moves to London, where he ultimately records one of his most emblematic albums.
“He doubles down. He creates ‘Exodus,’” Green said. “Most people would go into hiding forever and never come out.”
Rolling Stone recently ranked “Exodus” No. 48 in “The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time.”
Green said Marley’s music has the power to transcend many boundaries. And he credited his father with introducing Marley to his childhood home in Staten Island, New York.
“My dad always had Bob around and the music on,” he said. “He named me Reinaldo Marcus Green after Marcus Garvey. Marcus Garvey is whom Bob studied about the liberation of Black people and going back to Africa. So, it was something that was always around in my household.”
Looking back on Bob Marley’s legacy, his son Ziggy Marley said his father would have wanted to deliver one key message today.
“My father would want humanity to be in a better place than where we are in terms of how we coexist with each other. Less divisiveness. Less political friction,” he said in a video interview.
Unity, Ziggy Marley said, was both the cornerstone of Bob Marley’s music and what drove the movie forward, decades after the reggae star’s death.
“That’s why this movie really come now to put more light on that message in the world,” he said, “’cause there are not a lot of things that’s pushing that idea of unification.”
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wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
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FactBench
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https://apnews.com/article/today-in-history-may-11-1b105ab3c3be5cf1fa13741b9e2d83a5
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Today in History: May 11, Bob Marley dies at 36
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[
"Today in History"
] | null |
[] |
2022-05-10T00:00:00
|
On May 11, 1981, legendary reggae artist Bob Marley died in a Miami hospital at age 36 of acral lentiginous melanoma, a skin cancer that is rare but the most common type found among people of color.
|
en
|
/apple-touch-icon.png
|
AP News
|
https://apnews.com/article/today-in-history-may-11-1b105ab3c3be5cf1fa13741b9e2d83a5
|
Today in History:
On May 11, 1981, legendary reggae artist Bob Marley died in a Miami hospital at age 36 of acral lentiginous melanoma, a skin cancer that is rare but the most common type found among people of color.
On this date:
In 1647, Peter Stuyvesant (STY’-veh-sunt) arrived in New Amsterdam to become governor of New Netherland.
In 1858, Minnesota became the 32nd state of the Union.
In 1927, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences was founded during a banquet at the Biltmore Hotel in Los Angeles.
In 1935, the Rural Electrification Administration was created as one of President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal programs.
In 1946, the first CARE packages, sent by a consortium of American charities to provide relief to the hungry of postwar Europe, arrived at Le Havre, France.
In 1953, a tornado devastated Waco, Texas, claiming 114 lives.
In 1960, Israeli agents captured Nazi war criminal Adolf Eichmann in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
In 1973, the espionage trial of Daniel Ellsberg and Anthony Russo in the “Pentagon Papers” case came to an end as Judge William M. Byrne dismissed all charges, citing government misconduct.
In 1996, an Atlanta-bound ValuJet DC-9 caught fire shortly after takeoff from Miami and crashed into the Florida Everglades, killing all 110 people on board.
In 2010, Conservative leader David Cameron, at age 43, became Britain’s youngest prime minister in almost 200 years after Gordon Brown stepped down and ended 13 years of Labour government.
In 2020, Twitter announced that it would add a warning label to tweets containing disputed or misleading information about the coronavirus.
In 2022, the Senate fell far short in a rushed effort toward enshrining Roe v. Wade abortion access as federal law, blocked by a Republican filibuster. The move came after a draft report from the Supreme Court overturning the 50-year-old ruling. (The 6-3 decision would be issued essentially as drafted the following month.)
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wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
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FactBench
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1
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https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/bob-marley-one-love-now-013719661.html
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en
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Ziggy Marley recalls dad Bob Marley’s last words to him before his death
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[
""
] | null |
[
"Randi Richardson"
] |
2024-02-28T20:33:39+00:00
|
Ziggy Marley talks about his father, Bob Marley, in a new episode of "Making Space with Hoda Kotb." Here's what he said about the subject of "Bob Marley: One Love."
|
en
|
https://s.yimg.com/rz/l/favicon.ico
|
Yahoo Life
|
https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/bob-marley-one-love-now-013719661.html
|
New episodes of Hoda’s podcast are available every Wednesday — just search “Making Space” wherever you get your podcasts, or click here.
Ziggy Marley was 12 years old when his father, Bob Marley, died, and he cherishes their last memory together.
In a new episode of "Making Space with Hoda Kotb" released Feb. 28, Ziggy Marley shared with Hoda his father's last words to him. Bob Marley died at age 36 in 1981.
He recalled being in his dad's intensive care hospital room a few days before the singer died from malignant melanoma.
"I was, like, peeping through the window," Ziggy Marley, now 55, said. "And he was like, 'Come here.' So, I went in, and he was like, 'Hey ... well, young Bob, I have a song for you.' And he said these words: 'On your way up, take me up. On your way down, don’t let me down.'"
Shortly after, Ziggy Marley said he learned his dad had died while visiting his grandmother in Miami.
"I think I was downstairs and the call came," he said. "I told you I'm very observant. I listen and I look a lot. Nobody didn't say, 'Oh, your father died.' ... Then I saw my sister. I saw her face. I knew."
The heralded Jamaican reggae star is the namesake of the new film “Bob Marley: One Love,” released in theaters Feb. 14. Producers include his widow, Rita Marley, and two of his kids, Ziggy Marley and Cedella Marley. Kingsley Ben-Adir, Lashana Lynch and James Norton star.
Ziggy Marley, plus Lynch and Ben-Adir, previously shared with TODAY.com what it was like to bring Bob Marley's life story to the big screen. Read on to learn more about the music icon's life.
Who are Bob Marley’s parents?
Norval Marley and Cedella Booker had Robert Nesta Marley in 1945. The film briefly mentions them in select scenes, but does not go in depth about how they met.
In the scenes, an adult Bob Marley, portrayed by Ben-Adir, grapples with never really knowing his dad, who did not claim him, and having a mom who lived in the U.S. when he was in Jamaica.
Ben-Adir says he listened to the singer's discography to help him with his character development.
"Every week, I'd change an album. I was shifting between all of the music as we were filming. And the last song I really studied was 'So Jah S'eh' in Jamaica and I think that song has really stayed with me."
The song, which highlights Marley's Rastafarian religion, is a song about unity, hope and the need for social justice.
"Not one of my seeds shall sit on the sidewalk and beg bread," the lyrics say. "And verily, verily, I'm saying unto thee, ignite oneself and love humanity."
Who are Bob Marley’s children?
The "One Love" singer had 12 children.
Bob Marley had his three oldest children, Cedella Marley, Ziggy Marley and Stephen Marley, with his widow, Rita Marley, in 1967, 1968 and 1972, respectively. Bob Marley also adopted two of her kids, Sharon Marley, whom Rita Marley had in 1964 before marrying the singer, and Stephanie Marley, born in 1974. Rita Marley's sixth child, Serita Stewart, was born in 1985, after Marley’s death.
Bob Marley also had Rohan Marley with Janet Hunt and Robbie Marley with Pat Williams in 1972. The reggae legend had Karen Marley the next year with Janet Bowen and Julian Marley in 1975 with Lucy Pounder. In 1976, Ky-Mani Marley was born to the singer and Anita Belnavis, a table tennis champion in Jamaica. Two years later, in 1978, Damian Marley was born to Cindy Breakspeare, a jazz musician and model who was crowned Miss World in 1976. Lastly, Bob Marley had Makeda Jahnesta in 1981 with Yvette Crichton.
Ziggy Marley tells TODAY.com that his father’s life and legacy was all about “being a good human (and) being, really, someone who is of service to others.”
“Not a selfish person — (he’s) a good example for all of us as human beings going into sacrifice for the betterment of the community and the people,” he added.
Keep reading to learn more about Bob Marley and the true story behind the film.
How did Bob Marley die?
Marley died of malignant melanoma, a form of skin cancer, found when getting treatment for a foot injury sustained during a game of soccer. He was diagnosed in 1977 and died four years later at the age of 36.
One year before his diagnosis, the singer survived an assassination attempt, in which his wife was shot in the head. Rita Marley also survived the shooting.
Although there's still debate over who shot Bob Marley and his wife, the documentary about the shooting, "Who Shot The Sheriff? A Bob Marley Story," says that it was politically motivated.
Where is Bob Marley buried?
Marley is buried at a mausoleum in his honor in Nine Mile, Jamaica, his birthplace. Fans may visit and tour the burial grounds.
"I don't have to go there to visit my dad," Ziggy Marley said.
"Anywhere I go, I can visit my dad spiritually," he added. "We're spiritual people, so we live in that world. We'll visit him or he visits me every now and again."
Where is Bob Marley's wife, Rita Marley, now?
Rita Marley currently lives in Miami. The couple married in 1966.
After Marley's death in 1981, she converted their home in Kingston to the Bob Marley Museum in 1987 and founded the Bob Marley Foundation in 1986. She continues his work of loving people through these initiatives.
Lynch, who portrays Rita Marley in the film, met her on a few occasions and says her presence has a "kind of effect."
"Going in just with my knowledge I had already about her as one of Jamaican heritage, I had an abundance of respect and love for her from afar," Lynch says. "It was wonderful."
"She was open and giving and loving, and just has such a generous spirit that it felt like anything that I needed was going to be provided just energetically," she continues. "And I really appreciate her opening her doors for me because she didn't have to. So to do that on multiple occasions felt like an honor."
What did Ziggy Marley tell Hoda about his family on the ‘Making Space’ podcast?
Ziggy Marley opened up on the Feb. 28 episode of “Making Space with Hoda Kotb” about his father’s last words to him not long before Bob Marley died.
“I was, like, peeping through the window," Ziggy Marley said. "And he was like, ‘Come here.’ So, I went in, and he was like, ‘Hey ... well, young Bob, I have a song for you.’ And he said these words: ‘On your way up, take me up. On your way down, don’t let me down.’”
Shortly after, Ziggy Marley said he learned his dad had died while visiting his grandmother in Miami. Ziggy Marley was 12 at the time.
“I think I was downstairs and the call came,” he said. “I told you I’m very observant. I listen and I look a lot. Nobody didn’t say, ‘Oh, your father died.’ ... Then I saw my sister. I saw her face. I knew.”
Before Bob Marley's passing, Ziggy Marley said he tried to cut a deal with God that he'd be "a good boy" if he could see his father one more time. He also told Hoda that as a spiritual person, his father has never really left him.
"His presence is in me. I'm a part of his presence. And every now and again, I can see him in me. I can feel him in me and I can see some of his actions in me," Ziggy Marley said.
Ziggy Marley said looking back, he wishes he had spent more time with his father during his last days to make decisions on his end-of-life care.
"He had a lot of people around him, but I don’t think he had the right people around him," Ziggy Marley said.
"He was working hard and he was sick, and nobody could, like, pull the plug (and let him rest and heal)," he said. "It's like those guys around him were — I don't respect that at all."
"So I wish that I was around, if I could have given him the right advice. He wasn't getting it right," he said.
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wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
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FactBench
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https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/bob-marleys-remains-exhumed-115187/
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Bob Marley’s Remains Exhumed
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[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Alex Mar"
] |
2005-01-12T05:00:00+00:00
|
Wife demands late reggae legend's grave be moved to Ethiopia
|
en
|
Rolling Stone
|
https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/bob-marleys-remains-exhumed-115187/
|
The body of late legend Bob Marley, buried for more than two decades, is to be exhumed from a Jamaica cemetery in February and reburied in Ethiopia, the reggae artist’s wife Rita announced yesterday. Marley died of cancer in 1981 at the age of thirty-six.
Rita is determined that her husband be moved to Ethiopia, calling the birthplace of Rastafarianism Marley’s “spiritual resting place.” The Jamaican-born singer-songwriter came to embrace Rastafarianism, in which nature is honored, and followers wear dreadlocks and smoke marijuana. Hundreds of thousands of Jamaicans practice the religion.
Marley is one of the first Jamaican artists to gain worldwide recognition. Born in rural St. Ann’s on February 6th, 1945, to a middle-age white father and teenage black mother, Marley left to pursue music in Kingston. But Rita — the Cuban-born backing singer for Marley’s band the Wailers and the I-Threes, who married the artist in 1966 — claims that her husband would have placed his religious beliefs over associations with his birthplace.
Trending
A reburial ceremony for Marley is being planned by Rita, along with the Ethiopian government and church, to take place during “Africa Unite,” a month of celebrations in honor of the sixtieth anniversary of his birth named for one of his songs. On Marley’s actual birthday, February 6th, the Marley Family, the I-Threes, Quincy Jones, Harry Belafonte and Youssou N’Dour will perform in the capital city of Addis Ababa. The concert is to be broadcast throughout Africa, and possibly in other parts of the world.
All “Africa Unite” events, organized by Rita, the African Union and the United Nation’s children’s agency, will benefit impoverished Ethiopian families.
|
|||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
3
| 53
|
https://allthatsinteresting.com/how-did-bob-marley-die
|
en
|
Bob Marley's Death And The Tragic Story Of What Caused It
|
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[
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[
"Marco Margaritoff",
"John Kuroski",
"Cite This Article",
"www.facebook.com",
"Marco.Margaritoff"
] |
2023-11-01T02:00:00-04:00
|
Bob Marley died at 36 in Miami on May 11, 1981 after the acral lentiginous melanoma skin cancer found under his toenail spread to his lungs, liver, and brain.
|
en
|
/apple-touch-icon-ipad.png
|
All That's Interesting
|
https://allthatsinteresting.com/how-did-bob-marley-die
|
On May 11, 1981, reggae icon Bob Marley died due to a rare form of skin cancer that had gone tragically untreated for years.
Mere days after Bob Marley played Madison Square Garden to thunderous applause in September 1980, the singer collapsed while jogging in Central Park. The subsequent diagnosis was bleak: aggressive melanoma on his toe had spread to his brain, liver, and lungs. Within a year, on May 11, 1981, Bob Marley died at the age of just 36.
Bob Marley left behind a wealth of iconic ballads like “Three Little Birds” and “One Love” that remain powerful for people around the world to this day. He also left behind many protest songs like “Get Up, Stand Up” and “Buffalo Soldier.” For years, his music had inspired countless people around the world, and when Bob Marley died suddenly, his fans were shocked and devastated.
However, Bob Marley’s death was tragically quite preventable. Had Marley noticed the cancerous spot on his toe earlier, it could have possibly been treated or cured. And even after Marley realized that the dark spot was more than just a soccer injury, he disregarded doctors’ advice and eventually pursued alternative but ineffective treatments. Unchecked, his cancer spread.
Cancer killed Bob Marley, but that hasn’t stopped conspiracy theories from taking root. Some believe that the CIA killed the singer with radioactive boots because of his support of certain Jamaican politicians. In fact, the CIA was behind an attempt on Marley’s life in 1976.
These theories aside, the answer to how Bob Marley died is a simple one: cancer. Bob Marley passed away in Miami en route home to Jamaica from Germany, where he’d been futilely pursuing alternative cancer treatments. His death left in 1981 a hole in the world of music that will never be filled.
Bob Marley Helps Bring Reggae To The World
Bob Marley was born to a Black Jamaican woman and white British man on Feb. 6, 1945, in St. Ann Parish, Jamaica. Teased for his biracial makeup as a child, he would grow determined to unify both races with his music as an adult — and become an anti-war icon after essentially single-handedly popularizing reggae.
Marley’s father, Norval Sinclair, largely remains an enigma, aside from his work as a ferro-cement engineer and service in Britain’s navy. Abandoning his 18-year-old wife Cedella Malcolm to fend for herself, he left his young son to be teased as “the German boy” or “the little yellow boy” before dying in 1955.
Marley and his mother moved to Kingston’s Trench Town neighborhood two years later. He became so passionate about music by 14 that he dropped out of school to pursue it as a career — and found like-minded locals to form The Wailers by the early 1960s. Their experimental ska and soul fusion soon popularized early reggae.
While the band found some international success in the early 1970s, Peter Tosh and Bunny Wailer left the group in 1974. It was at this point that Bob Marley took a firmer grasp on its direction, with Exodus in 1977, Kaya a year later, and Uprising in 1980 featuring the renowned classic songs Marley is known for today.
But both medical and political trouble was brewing for the singer, trouble that would eventually lead to Bob Marley’s death.
The Long Road To Bob Marley’s Death
Conspiracy theorists may pinpoint the beginning of the end for Bob Marley as Dec. 3, 1976. That day, Marley and his wife were attacked at their Jamaican home by gunmen shortly before Marley agreed to hold a free concert on Dec. 5, 1976, in Kingston called “Smile Jamaica.” The concert coincided with the country’s elections, a turbulent time fraught with aggression by desperate Jamaicans on both sides. Marley himself was loosely aligned with Michael Manley, the left-wing, democratic socialist candidate.
Conspiracy theorists believe that the CIA ordered this assassination attempt out of fear that Marley’s political positions would conflict with U.S. foreign policy. But something else was happening at the same time that more concretely led to Bob Marley’s death just a few years later.
In 1977, the singer noticed a worrisome dark spot under his right toenail. The first doctor to examine Marley believed it was merely a soccer injury and sent him on his way. But as the lesion grew worse, a second doctor ordered a biopsy. Then, doctors discovered that the lesion on Marley’s foot was actually melanoma. Specifically, Marley had a rare and aggressive kind of skin cancer called acral lentiginous melanoma.
Doctors told Marley he should have the toe amputated to stop the cancer’s spread. But Marley refused. The Tribune writes that Marley’s Rastafarian faith forbid the “cutting of the flesh” (though Marley did consent to have a surgical excision and skin graft of the area).
As such, Marley’s cancer was not treated aggressively. And it continued to spread throughout the years. Then, at the height of his fame in 1980, he collapsed while jogging in Central Park. Doctors found that Marley’s cancer had spread to his brain and that it was spreading to his vital organs.
His manager, Danny Sims, recalled a doctor stating that Marley had “more cancer in him than I’ve seen with a live human being.” The doctor gave Marley mere months to live and suggested that the singer “might as well go back out on the road and die there.”
And that’s more or less what Bob Marley did.
How Did Bob Marley Die?
After playing a final show on Sept. 23, 1980, in Pittsburgh, Bob Marley sought treatment in Miami, New York, and Germany. But with a distrust for “Western medicine” Marley underwent treatments which were ultimately ineffective. In Germany, Marley underwent a holistic cancer treatment that included exercise, vitamins, and ozone injections (this is prohibited by the FDA today).
These treatments proved futile. Eventually Marley was too frail to play to his beloved soccer or even to bear the weight of his dreadlocks, which his wife was forced to cut off in the final months of his life.
Bob Marley departed Germany for Jamaica in May 1981. When his health dramatically worsened, he deplaned in Florida and died at the University of Miami Hospital on May 11, 1981. Bob Marley’s last words to his son were, “Money can’t buy life.” He was buried in a chapel near the village he was born in on May 21. By then, The Tribune reports that he weighed just 82 pounds.
The Aftermath Of Bob Marley’s Death And Theories About What Caused It
Though some believe that the CIA ordered both the 1976 assassination attempt and arranged to give Marley a pair of radioactive boots which caused his cancer, these are merely conspiracy theories.
In the end, Bob Marley’s death was caused by one thing: untreated cancer. Had the singer been more aggressive about treating the melanoma on his toe, it would not have spread. Had he listened to doctors’ advice instead of seeking alternative treatments, perhaps Bob Marley would still be alive today.
Decades after Bob Marley’s death, he remains one of the most recognizable faces on Earth and his message of unity is more popular than ever. But Marley is also a symbol of something else: the importance of getting checked for skin cancer and, if it’s detected, pursuing aggressive treatments.
|
||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
1
| 8
|
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/bob-marley-dies
|
en
|
Reggae star Bob Marley dies at 36
|
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] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Missy Sullivan"
] |
2009-11-13T17:09:16+00:00
|
On May 11, 1981, Bob Marley, the soul and international face of reggae music, died in a Miami, Florida, hospital. He was 36 years old. In what would prove to be the next to the last concert of his tragically short life, Bob Marley shared the bill at Madison Square Garden with the hugely popular […]
|
en
|
HISTORY
|
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/bob-marley-dies
|
On May 11, 1981, Bob Marley, the soul and international face of reggae music, died in a Miami, Florida, hospital. He was 36 years old.
In what would prove to be the next to the last concert of his tragically short life, Bob Marley shared the bill at Madison Square Garden with the hugely popular American funk band The Commodores. With no costumes, no choreography and no set design to speak of, “the reggae star had the majority of his listeners on their feet and in the palm of his hand,” according to New York Times critic Robert Palmer. “After this show of strength, and Mr. Marley’s intense singing and electric stage presence, the Commodores were a letdown.”
Only days after his triumphant shows in New York City, Bob Marley collapsed while jogging in Central Park and later received a grim diagnosis: a cancerous growth on an old soccer injury on his big toe had metastasized and spread to Marley’s brain, liver and lungs. Less than eight months later, he passed away.
Nesta Robert Marley was born on February 6, 1945, in rural St. Ann Parish, Jamaica, the son of a middle-aged white Jamaican Marine officer and an 18-year-old Black Jamaican girl. At the age of nine, Marley moved to Trench Town, a tough West Kingston ghetto where he would meet and befriend Neville “Bunny” Livingston (later Bunny Wailer) and Peter McIntosh (later Peter Tosh) and drop out of school at age 14 to make music. Jamaica at the time was entering a period of incredible musical creativity. As transistor radios became available on an island then served only by a staid, BBC-style national radio station, the music of America suddenly became accessible via stateside radio stations. From a mix of New Orleans-style rhythm and blues and indigenous, African-influenced musical traditions arose first ska, then rock steady—precursor styles to reggae, which did not take shape as a recognizable style of its own until the late 1960s.
Bob Marley, Peter Tosh and Bunny Wailer performed together as The Wailers throughout this period, coming into their own as a group just as reggae became the dominant sound in Jamaica. Thanks to the international reach of Island Records, the Wailers came to the world’s attention in the early 1970s via their albums Catch a Fire (1972) and Burnin’ (1973). Eric Clapton spread the group’s name even wider by recording a pop-friendly version of “I Shot The Sheriff” from the latter album. With the departure of Tosh and Wailer in 1974, Marley took center stage in the group, and by the late 70s he had turned out a string of albums—Exodus (1977), featuring “Jamming,” “Waiting In Vain” and “One Love/People Get Ready;” Kaya (1978), featuring “Is This Love” and “Sun Is Shining”; and Uprising (1980), featuring “Could You Be Loved” and “Redemption Song.”
While none of the aforementioned songs was anything approaching a hit in the United States during Bob Marley’s lifetime, they constitute a legacy that has only increased his fame in the years since his death on this day in 1981.
|
|||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
0
| 47
|
https://www.usatoday.com/picture-gallery/life/music/2019/05/20/50-musicians-who-died-tragically/3693220002/
|
en
|
50 musicians who died tragically
|
[
"https://www.gannett-cdn.com/appservices/universal-web/universal/icons/icon-instagram_24.png"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"USA TODAY Staff"
] |
2019-05-20T00:00:00
|
From the stars who lived troubled lives to the young greats who left us before their time, revisit many of the musician deaths that hit fans the hardest over the years.
|
en
|
https://www.usatoday.com/picture-gallery/life/music/2019/05/20/50-musicians-who-died-tragically/3693220002/
| |||||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
0
| 10
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YG_Marley
|
en
|
YG Marley
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico
|
[
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[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"
] |
2024-01-30T13:27:13+00:00
|
en
|
/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YG_Marley
|
American singer and songwriter
Musical artist
Joshua Nesta "YG" Marley (born December 5, 2001) is an American singer and songwriter. He is the son of rapper and singer Lauryn Hill and former football player Rohan Marley, and the grandson of reggae pioneer Bob Marley. He is best known for his 2023 debut single "Praise Jah in the Moonlight", which entered the top 40 of the Billboard Hot 100, and peaked within the top ten in the United Kingdom, New Zealand, Norway, and Sweden.
Joshua Nesta Marley was born on December 5, 2001, in Beverly Hills, California. He is the son of American rapper and singer Lauryn Hill and Jamaican football player Rohan Marley.[1][2] His parents never legally married but had a long-term partnership for 15 years.[3] Marley is also the grandson of reggae musician Bob Marley.[4] Marley has numerous siblings and half-siblings between his parents, including sister model Selah Marley and half-brother former NFL player Nico Marley.[5]
He was raised in South Orange, New Jersey.[6] During his childhood, Marley often joined his mother on stage at her concerts. At the age of nine, he declared "I wanna rap" to an audience at Hill's concert.[7] In 2013, he began performing written original material during the shows.[8]
In 2017, he landed a modeling campaign for Urban Outfitters, and was featured alongside his sister Selah in Teen Vogue.[9] In February 2018, he joined his mother during her performance at Woolrich's New York Fashion Week party.[10] The following month, Marley previewed a then unreleased snippet of "Nice for What" by Drake on his Snapchat.[11][12][13] In 2020, Marley attended a pre-Grammy Awards brunch hosted by Universal Music Group, and told Billboard that he is "working on new music", and further stated that Hill would be featured on the project.[14] In 2021, Vibe reported that he was featured on a track called "Slick" by Selah Marley.[15]
In late 2023, he began performing an original song, "Praise Jah in the Moonlight", during Hill's concert tour commemorating the 25th anniversary of The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill.[16][17] Video clips from his performances went viral on social media, most notably on TikTok.[18] On December 25, 2023, Marley officially released "Praise Jah in the Moonlight", his first single.[19] The single quickly became a streaming hit, reaching number one in the United States, and Global Spotify Viral 50 charts.[20] In addition to gaining popularity on TikTok, the film Bob Marley: One Love based on Bob's life was released after the debut of YG's single "Praise Jah in the Moonlight".
In January 2024, it was announced that he would be a featured performer at the 2024 Coachella music festival.[21] The following month, "Praise Jah in the Moonlight" peaked at number one in New Zealand;[22] it entered the US Billboard Hot 100, with Marley becoming the sixth member of the Marley family to enter the chart.[23] It also reached the top ten in the United Kingdom and Norway.[24]
On March 31, 2024, he teased a remix of "Praise Jah in the Moonlight" featuring Lauryn Hill on Adin Ross' Kick stream.
List of singles, with selected chart positions Title Year Peak chart positions Certifications Album US
[25] AUS
[26] BRA
[27] CAN
[28] IRE
[29] NZ
[30] NOR
[31]
SWI
[32] UK
[33] WW
[34] "Praise Jah in the Moonlight" 2023 34 19 27 20 13 1 8 5 5 11
RIAA: Gold[35]
BPI: Gold[36]
Non-album singles "Survival" 2024 — — — — — — — — — —
|
||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
3
| 45
|
https://www.bobmarley.com/
|
en
|
Bob Marley – Dedicated to the life & legacy of Tuff Gong.
|
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] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] |
2024-02-29T00:32:45+00:00
|
en
|
https://www.bobmarley.com/
|
Bob Marley
Dedicated to the life & legacy of Tuff Gong.
|
|||||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
2
| 3
|
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Bob-Marley
|
en
|
Bob Marley | Biography, Songs, Albums, Death, & Facts
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1999-12-02T00:00:00+00:00
|
Bob Marley was a Jamaican singer-songwriter whose thoughtful ongoing distillation of early ska, rock steady, and reggae musical forms blossomed in the 1970s into an electrifying rock-influenced hybrid that made him an international superstar.
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en
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/favicon.png
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Encyclopedia Britannica
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https://www.britannica.com/biography/Bob-Marley
|
Early life and career
Marley—whose parents were Norval Sinclair Marley, a white rural overseer, and the former Cedella Malcolm, the Black daughter of a local custos (honored civic official)—would forever remain the unique product of parallel worlds. His poetic worldview was shaped by the countryside, his music by the tough impoverished West Kingston streets. Marley’s maternal grandfather was not just a prosperous farmer but also a bush doctor adept at the mysticism-steeped herbal healing that guaranteed respect in Jamaica’s remote hill country. As a child, Marley was known for his shy aloofness, his startling stare, and his penchant for palm reading. Virtually kidnapped by his absentee father (who had been disinherited by his own prominent family for marrying a Black woman), the preadolescent Marley was taken to live with an elderly woman in Kingston until a family friend rediscovered the boy by chance and returned him to the village of Nine Miles.
Britannica Quiz
Music in the World (Part Three) Quiz
By his early teens Marley was back in West Kingston, living in government-subsidized housing in Trench Town, a desperately poor area often compared to an open sewer. In the early 1960s, while a schoolboy serving an apprenticeship as a welder (along with fellow aspiring singer Desmond Dekker), Marley was exposed to the languid jazz-inflected shuffle-beat rhythms of ska, a Jamaican amalgam of American rhythm and blues and Jamaican mento (folk-calypso) strains then catching on commercially. Marley was a fan of Fats Domino, the Moonglows, and pop singer Ricky Nelson, but, when his big chance came in 1961 to record with producer Leslie Kong, he cut “Judge Not,” a peppy ballad he had written that was derived from rural maxims learned from his grandfather. Among his other early tracks was “One Cup of Coffee” (a rendition of a 1961 hit by Texas country crooner Claude Gray), issued in 1963 in England on Chris Blackwell’s Anglo-Jamaican Island Records label.
Formation of the Wailers, role of Rastafari, and international fame
Marley also formed a vocal group in Trench Town with friends who would later be known as Peter Tosh (original name Winston Hubert MacIntosh) and Bunny Wailer (original name Neville O’Reilly Livingston). The trio, which named itself the Wailers (because, as Marley stated, “We started out crying”), received vocal coaching by noted singer Joe Higgs. Later they were joined by vocalist Junior Braithwaite and backup singers Beverly Kelso and Cherry Green.
In December 1963 the Wailers entered Coxsone Dodd’s Studio One facilities to cut “Simmer Down,” a song by Marley that he had used to win a talent contest in Kingston. Unlike the playful mento music that drifted from the porches of local tourist hotels or the pop and rhythm and blues filtering into Jamaica from American radio stations, “Simmer Down” was an urgent anthem from the shantytown precincts of the Kingston underclass. A huge overnight smash, it played an important role in recasting the agenda for stardom in Jamaican music circles. No longer did one have to parrot the stylings of overseas entertainers; it was possible to write raw, uncompromising songs for and about disenfranchised, poverty-stricken West Indians.
This bold stance transformed both Marley and his island nation, engendering the urban poor with a pride that would become a pronounced source of identity (and a catalyst for class-related tension) in Jamaican culture—as would the Wailers’ Rastafarian faith, a creed popular among the impoverished people of the Caribbean, who worshipped the late Ethiopian emperor Haile Selassie I as the African redeemer foretold in popular quasi-biblical prophecy. The Wailers did well in Jamaica during the mid-1960s with their ska records, even during Marley’s sojourn to Delaware in 1966 to visit his relocated mother and find temporary work. Reggae material created in 1969–71 with producer Lee Perry increased the contemporary stature of the Wailers, and, once they signed in 1972 with the (by that time) international label Island and released Catch a Fire (the first reggae album conceived as more than a mere singles compilation), their uniquely rock-contoured reggae gained a global audience. It also earned the charismatic Marley superstar status, which gradually led to the dissolution of the original triumvirate about early 1974. Although Peter Tosh would enjoy a distinguished solo career before his murder in 1987, many of his best solo albums (such as Equal Rights [1977]) were underappreciated, as was Bunny Wailer’s excellent solo album Blackheart Man (1976).
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Eric Clapton’s version of the Wailers’ “I Shot the Sheriff” in 1974 spread Marley’s fame. Meanwhile, Marley continued to guide the skilled Wailers band through a series of potent topical albums. By this point Marley was also being backed by a trio of female vocalists including his wife, Rita Marley (née Alfarita Constania Anderson). She later achieved her own recording success, as would many of the couple’s children, especially together as the group Ziggy Marley and the Melody Makers, led by Marley’s eldest son. Featuring eloquent songs like “No Woman No Cry,” “Exodus,” “Could You Be Loved,” “Coming in from the Cold,” “Jamming,” and “Redemption Song,” Marley’s landmark albums included Natty Dread (1974), Live! (1975), Rastaman Vibration (1976), Exodus (1977), Kaya (1978), Uprising (1980), and the posthumous Confrontation (1983). Exploding in Marley’s reedy tenor, his songs were public expressions of personal truths—eloquent in their uncommon mesh of rhythm and blues, rock, and venturesome reggae forms and electrifying in their narrative might. Making music that transcended all its stylistic roots, Marley fashioned an impassioned body of work that was sui generis.
Marley’s political involvement, the attempted assassination, and the One Love concert
He also loomed large as a political figure and in 1976 survived what was believed to have been a politically motivated assassination attempt. The Smile Jamaica concert—at which Marley and the Wailers were scheduled to perform on December 5, 1976, and which was initially framed as an apolitical celebration of community—came to be widely viewed as an endorsement of the incumbent prime minister, Michael Manley, of the People’s National Party, who sought to capitalize on that perception by following the announcement of the concert with a call for legislative elections. Two days before the concert, a group of gunmen, perhaps seeking to punish Marley for his supposed support of Manley, broke into Marley’s home and wounded Rita Marley, Bob Marley’s manager (Don Taylor), an employee of the band, and Marley himself. Shortly after performing the concert, Marley fled Jamaica, first to the Bahamas and then to London, where he lived in exile for a period and recorded Exodus, which would be hailed by Time magazine as the most important album of the 20th century, “a political and cultural nexus, drawing inspiration from the Third World and then giving voice to it the world over.”
In 1978, according to some observers, Jamaica was on the brink of civil war, and Marley’s attempt to broker a truce between the country’s warring political factions led in April of that year to his headlining the One Love peace concert. At the concert, Marley brought together Manley and his political adversary Edward Seaga of the Jamaica Labour Party, who would become prime minister in 1980. Marley’s sociopolitical clout also earned him an invitation to perform in 1980 at the ceremonies celebrating majority rule and internationally recognized independence for Zimbabwe.
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wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
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https://www.instagram.com/tv/B_GX_2WD_cK/
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en
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Login • Instagram
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Welcome back to Instagram. Sign in to check out what your friends, family & interests have been capturing & sharing around the world.
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en
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https://www.instagram.com/accounts/login/
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wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
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FactBench
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1
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https://www.healthcert.com/blog/bob-marley-melanoma-story
|
en
|
The Bob Marley melanoma story
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2023-06-16T05:56:26+00:00
|
This is the Bob Marley story. Passionate about skin cancer prevention, detection and treatment, we share this story every time we teach about melanoma.
|
en
|
https://www.healthcert.com/blog/bob-marley-melanoma-story
|
This is the Bob Marley story. Passionate about skin cancer prevention, detection and treatment, HealthCert shares this story every time we teach about melanoma.
Bob Marley was a Jamaican singer, songwriter and musician, and considered one of the pioneers of reggae. He died in 1981 aged 36 from a melanoma that started under his big toenail in 1977.
The first doctor that he consulted thought that the lesion on his toe was a soccer injury. After it began to look worse, Marley consulted another doctor who biopsied the spot and discovered that it was melanoma. The recommendation was to amputate his toe, but Marley chose to have excision surgery instead, in which the surgeon removed the nail and surrounding tissue.
Marley had no further treatment and did well until he collapsed in New York City in 1980. He was rushed to hospital and tests revealed that the melanoma had spread to his brain, lungs and stomach. He refused his doctor's treatment plan and went to Germany to try alternative treatments including exercise, ozone injections and vitamins.
Marley's condition continued to worsen and he chartered a plane to return to Jamaica. While in flight, his condition became critical and the plane did an emergency landing in Miami where Marley passed away. He never made it back to his beloved Jamaica. Marley was reportedly only 82 pounds when he died.
We share Marley's story every time we teach about melanoma because his story demonstrates that even people with darker skin can get melanoma. In addition, in those with dark skin, melanoma often develops in places that do not get a lot of sun exposure such as inside the mouth, on the tongue, under fingernails and toenails, and on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet.
Further, Marley's story highlights the importance of primary care physicians being confident and skilled in the diagnosis of skin cancer, and shows that early detection gives patients the best chance of successful treatment. If Marley's first doctor hadn't misdiagnosed the melanoma, Marley may have received earlier treatment that could have potentially saved his life.
His story also reminds patients not to be complacent and to take precautions against skin cancer, no matter their skin type.
Just like his music, Bob Marley's melanoma story lives on to educate and impact others.
Learn more about skin cancer medicine in primary care at the next Skin Cancer Certificate Courses:
|
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wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
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FactBench
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https://www.tiktok.com/discover/Drive-to-bob-marley-compound%3Flang%3Den
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en
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Make Your Day
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wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
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FactBench
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http://www.traveladventures.org/continents/americas/bob-marley-mausoleum09.html
|
en
|
Resting place of the mother of Bob Marley
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Pictures of Resting place of the mother of Bob Marley in Bob Marley Mausoleum (Nine Mile), Jamaica - send them as a postcard, download them for personal use on our weblog or desktop; and continue exploring the world on Around the World in 80 Clicks
|
en
| null |
Around the World in 80 Clicks
Personal travel impressions both in words and images from Bob Marley Mausoleum (Jamaica). Clicking on the pictures enlarges them and enables you to send the picture as a free e-card or download it for personal use, for instance, on your weblog. Or click on the map above to visit more places close to Bob Marley Mausoleum.
Read more about this site
|
|||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
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FactBench
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0
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https://www.nbc.com/nbc-insider/john-legend-sang-redemption-song-by-bob-marley
|
en
|
John Legend Covered Bob Marley's "Redemption Song" in the Most Moving Way
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[
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[
"Jackie Manno"
] |
2023-07-06T18:19:14+00:00
|
John Legend sang "Redemption Song" by Bob Marley at the Nobel Peace Prize Award ceremony in 2017. Read the details here.
|
en
|
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|
NBC Insider Official Site
|
https://www.nbc.com/nbc-insider/john-legend-sang-redemption-song-by-bob-marley
|
In 2017, The Voice alum John Legend was selected to perform at one of the world's most honorable events: the Nobel Peace Prize Award ceremony. There, he fittingly covered a powerful and moving tune: "Redemption Song" by a pioneer for peace, Bob Marley.
A recap of his performance: Legend began to play some intricate piano notes before singing the track's lyrics with full-force vibrato. He performed the deep lyrics with gusto, riffing gently at times. Legend fully immersed himself in the music in the best way, paying respect to those making the greatest strides for progress in society.
Watch the performance here.
About "Redemption Song" by Bob Marley
Released in 1980, "Redemption Song" is distinct from Marley's previous songs — it's a ballad accompanied by an acoustic guitar only. The deeply personal lyrics revolve around making peace with one's place in life despite hardships. It's considered to be one of Marley's greatest works.
RELATED: This Video Shows Just How Many Hit Songs John Legend Helped Make
|
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wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
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FactBench
|
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https://www.facebook.com/dw.culture/videos/40th-anniversary-of-death-of-bob-marley/203648068243165/
|
en
|
It was 40 years ago today that Bob Marley died – to this day the reggae superstar remains a musical legend. He was additionally an ambassador for the...
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[] |
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It was 40 years ago today that Bob Marley died – to this day the reggae superstar remains a musical legend. He was additionally an ambassador for the...
|
de
|
https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/rsrc.php/yT/r/aGT3gskzWBf.ico
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https://www.facebook.com/dw.culture/videos/40th-anniversary-of-death-of-bob-marley/203648068243165/
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wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
0
| 0
|
https://www.facebook.com/ForeverLovingMarley/posts/bob-in-beverly-hills-california-on-july-26-1978/896512830944344/
|
en
|
We'll Be Forever Loving Bob Marley
|
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[] |
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""
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Bob in Beverly Hills, California on July 26, 1978.
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de
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https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/rsrc.php/yT/r/aGT3gskzWBf.ico
|
https://www.facebook.com/ForeverLovingMarley/posts/bob-in-beverly-hills-california-on-july-26-1978/896512830944344/
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wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
1
| 67
|
https://www.businessinsider.com/what-happened-to-bob-marley-dad-norval-marley-2024-2
|
en
|
What happened to Bob Marley's dad? Everything to know about Norval Marley
|
https://i.insider.com/65cd42e3f533b039a883d740?width=1200&format=jpeg
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https://i.insider.com/65cd42e3f533b039a883d740?width=1200&format=jpeg
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"Olivia Singh"
] |
2024-02-15T21:30:56+00:00
|
Bob Marley's life inspired a new film called "Bob Marley: One Love." But little is known about the reggae musician's real father, Norval Marley.
|
en
|
/public/assets/BI/US/favicons/apple-touch-icon-192x192.png?v=2023-11
|
Business Insider
|
https://www.businessinsider.com/what-happened-to-bob-marley-dad-norval-marley-2024-2
|
Here's everything to know about Norval.
Norval Marley was a British naval officer
Only one known photo exists of Norval, a black-and-white image that shows him riding a horse while wearing a button-down shirt, tie, and hat. According to BBC, Norval supervised a plantation in Jamaica.
Although he's known as "Captain" Norval, there's no evidence that he ever achieved a title higher than a private while serving in the British army, according to the 2012 documentary "Marley."
Norval and Cedella Booker, Bob's mother, met in Nine Mile, Jamaica. In the documentary, Cedella recalled seeing Norval riding his horse through the district and said that he became "good friends" with her father. Cedella was about 16 years old and Norval was in his 60s when they met, according to her sister.
Related stories
Bob, born Nesta Robert Marley on February 6, 1945, was named after Norval's brother, Robert Marley.
Norval died in Jamaica in 1955
In "Bob Marley: One Love," Bob has no substantial relationship with Norval. This is similar to the real-life events that transpired. After Bob's birth, he and Cedella only saw Norval a few times.
Growing up in Jamaica, Marley was bullied for being biracial. Per the documentary, Bob went to see his father and was rejected, which inspired him to write the song "Corner Stone."
|
||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
3
| 87
|
https://www.cultursmag.com/bob-marley-and-his-effect-on-the-world-of-music/
|
en
|
Bob Marley and His Effect On The World Of Music
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2022-08-15T10:00:00-06:00
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When thinking of reggae music, a lot of people normally think of Bob Marley. He was born in Jamaica in 1945 and died in 1981 due to cancer. His name still remains relevant, well-known and evergreen, even 40-plus years later. With his album "Legend" selling an estimated 25 million copies worldwide since 2012, Marley's effect
|
en
|
- Embrace your cultural in-between
|
https://www.cultursmag.com/bob-marley-and-his-effect-on-the-world-of-music/
|
When thinking of reggae music, a lot of people normally think of Bob Marley. He was born in Jamaica in 1945 and died in 1981 due to cancer.
His name still remains relevant, well-known and evergreen, even 40-plus years later. With his album “Legend” selling an estimated 25 million copies worldwide since 2012, Marley’s effect on the world of music is prevalent even so long after his death.
So what did Marley do for the world of music? To understand his music, you have to know his background. Marley was born and raised in Jamaica which had experience 200 years of slavery and colonialism. This is important to not just his environment and things he experienced but it made things more complicated for him. Additionally, his father was white and his mother was black, making him multiracial or biracial. The topic of his ethnicity, religious beliefs and home town is an obvious reason why Marley is who he is.
If there are three areas that played a part in shaping Marley the musician, it would have to be his experience of racism as a mixed-race person, his life in the slums of Kingston’s Trenchtown and his Rastafarian beliefs. All three factors have combined to make Marley the so-called superstar that he is still known as today.
The Conversation by Stewart Maganga
Marley and his musical message
Marley’s entertainment career wasn’t just for entertainment; he often used to spread the message of Rastafari. A religious and political movement founded in the 1930s, Rastafari brought many groups from around the world together. It is a combination of Protestant Christianity, mysticism and a pan-African political consciousness. This is the main effect Marley had on the world of music.
It so happened that on November 2, 1930, Tafari Makonnen was crowned emperor of Ethiopia under his baptismal name, Haile Selassie. Rastafari was derived from Haile Selassie’s name – it is a conflation of Ras, the title given to Amharic royalty in Ethiopia, and Tafari, his pre-coronation name.
The Conversation by Stewart Maganga
This was something different for Marley’s time. He worked so hard to spread a message he believed in and thought others would benefit from.
Through his music, people from around the globe came to embrace Rastafari. Marley’s music helped push the goal of Rastafarian philosophy, making it seen globally. It is now estimated that there are 1 million followers around the world. Also, many scholars use his music in teaching the global phenomenon and teachings of Rastafari.
Without these key influences, Rastafari would not be widely known as it is today. Bob Marley’s effect on the world of music didn’t just reach music — it reached religious groups and politicians.
Marley and his effect on music today
Although Marley died over 40 years ago, the things he experienced are not far off from what we experience today. Our world now lives in distrust and dishonesty. However, Marley often spoke about the human condition and used his music as a way to communicate his beliefs.
The human condition is an interesting and complicated political theory written by Hannah Ardent. Again, it is a theory in which human experiences shape human society.
What makes Marley stand out and keeps his music timeless is the message within it. He often writes about kindness and unity, for example his song “One Love” from 1977. But he also writes about suffering and brings light to these life experiences that many would deem traumatizing or hurtful.
Forever evergreen
Marley’s music will forever be evergreen because humankind will always have war. The want for unity is universal as well, but it is unachievable because someone must always be at power.
Many can relate to Marley’s cry for love and compassion but few will try to change the world around them. It’ll take generations to change the way the world works and even then its a repeating cycle of war.
Bob Marley’s effect on the world of music will always be prevalent and evergreen to the world of music we know today. He introduced politics and religious diversity into music before anyone made it a trend. Marley will always be known for generations and years to come.
Marley’s background of being a biracial child in a time of segregation and turning into a Third Culture Adult (TCA) gave him something very few people have. He had experience in all different aspects of life; this is what made his music connect with everyone around the globe.
Bob Marley is and will always be evergreen.
|
|||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
|
FactBench
|
3
| 68
|
https://trtafrika.com/world/42-years-on-inside-special-bond-bob-marley-had-with-africa-13211478
|
en
|
42 years on: Inside special bond Bob Marley had with Africa
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2023-05-12T14:00:47.016000+00:00
|
Bob Marley remains one of the most recognisable reggae artistes in the world despite his death many years ago.
|
en
|
/favicon.png
|
42 years on: Inside special bond Bob Marley had with Africa
|
https://trtafrika.com/world/42-years-on-inside-special-bond-bob-marley-had-with-africa-13211478
|
On Facebook, a company founded many years after his death, the legendary Jamaican artiste has a following of 67.1 million people.
Only four out of 54 African countries have a higher population than that, according to worldometers real-time population index – Nigeria (221.7 million), Ethiopia (123.6 million), Egypt (108.1 million) and the Democratic Republic of Congo (98 million).
On Twitter, the late musician also enjoys a decent following of 1.4 million people, and 7.2 million on Instagram.
The pages are managed by a team called the Bob Marley fan community which posts regularly – perhaps to keep the musician’s already rich legacy fresh every day.
Journalist Nzau Musau, the Intake Editor of Kenya’s oldest news organisation The Standard, says Marley’s legacy has been durable because his life and music instill hope.
“Bob's life, story and music, is the story of hope, resilience and triumph. Look at his background... poor, dejected, rejected but through sheer hard work, focus, and belief in providence, he beats all that to become the world's first reggae superstar,” Musau, a big fan of the Jamaican, told TRT Afrika.
“It's also the tragic story of the vagaries of musical success, and everything that could go bad with fame, and fanatical following. In the words of his mentor, Lee Scratch Perry, 'I love Bob so much, it's a shame',” he added.
The secret to Marley’s posthumous durability, according to Musau, is his ability to “blend reason and fanaticism to lyrics", and that "makes it beautiful”.
Despite enjoying massive support in Africa, Marley’s first trip to the continent came in December 1978.
Expectedly, he made his first stop to Africa in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia – the home of Haile Selassie, who is regarded by Rastafarians as the god of the black race.
During his tour to Addis, Marley stayed at Shashamane, a communal settlement that had been donated to Rastafarians by the emperor, Haile Selassie.
In Marley’s biography, written by Stephen Davis, the reggae superstar once said: “I know that his imperial majesty, Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia is the almighty… I don’t see how much more reveal our people want.”
The musician’s widow, Rita, was quoted by The Guardian saying that Marley’s life was “about Africa, and not Jamaica”.
According to Rita, “Ethiopia is Marley’s spiritual resting place”. Marley died at the age of 36 on May 11, 1981. He had melanoma, a form of skin cancer.
He had been taken to the Jackson Memorial Hospital in Miami, Florida, the United States of America, where he died during treatment.
To maintain their father’s connection with Ethiopia, Marley’s sons, including Damian, have often visited the African nation, performing in Addis Ababa on several occasions.
In his maiden trip to Africa in December 1978, Marley made a brief stop in Kenya while heading to the neighbouring Ethiopia.
So revered was he in Zimbabwe that when the country attained independence on April 18, 1980, he was the only foreign entertainer invited to perform during the Independence Day celebrations in the capital Harare.
Marley, who was fascinated by Zimbabwe’s liberation, even composed a song in honour of the country.
To show how eager he was for Zimbabwe’s independence, he paid his own air ticket, hired a public address and went to the African nation despite the move being opposed by his management.
Zimbabweans were so thrilled by Marley’s presence that police were forced to hurl teargas to stop the chaotic attempts to gain access into the Rufaro Stadium.
To appease those who had been denied access, the following day – April 19, 1980 – Marley performed to an audience of more than 100,000 people.
His ties with Gabon were interesting. It has widely been reported that Marley fell in love with the daughter of Gabon’s second president, Omar Bongo.
Pascaline Bongo was a 23-year-old college student in the United States in the late 1970s, when she met Marley, who was in the country for a concert.
Pascaline had attended the musician’s show in Los Angeles, and the young woman caught the artiste’s eye. The two would keep in touch, prompting Pascaline to invite Marley to perform in her native Gabon.
In a book titled ‘Bob Marley and the Dictator's Daughter’, French journalist Anne-Sophie Jahn quotes Pascaline as saying that she and Marley enjoyed a “passionate but almost impossible love affair” because of their different personalities and backgrounds.
|
||||
wrong_mix_domainrange_death_00144
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FactBench
|
1
| 26
|
https://www.bbc.com/news/in-pictures-57022757
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en
|
Bob Marley: 40th anniversary of the music pioneer's death
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[
""
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[
"BBC News"
] |
2021-05-11T06:55:25+00:00
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The reggae music legend died of cancer in 1981 aged just 36.
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en
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/bbcx/apple-touch-icon.png
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https://www.bbc.com/news/in-pictures-57022757
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It is 40 years since legendary reggae singer Bob Marley died of cancer in Miami, aged 36, on 11 May 1981.
The musician is one of the most celebrated and recognised artists in music history, with hits including No Woman No Cry, One Love, and Redemption Song.
His hit Buffalo Soldier was the singer's biggest in the UK, reaching number four in May 1983.
The 1977 album Exodus was named Album of the Century by Time Magazine.
Marley was born in 1945 to a white middle class father and a black mother, in Jamaica.
His childhood was spent in poverty and he had little contact with his father, a naval officer who worked for the British government.
He left home at 14 years old to pursue a music career in Kingston.
In 1972, Marley arrived in Britain with his band The Wailers to tour with Johnny Nash in the hope of launching his international career.
The following year, The Wailers released their album Catch a Fire and made their television debut on the BBC.
The appearance made a big impact and gave them a wider audience outside of their traditional fan base.
After another tour in 1975, a recording of No Woman No Cry live at The Lyceum, London, was released as a single and gave Marley his first UK hit.
The singer entered the musical mainstream and became a household name.
Marley was known for his Rastafarian faith, along with his wife, Rita, with the religion reflected in his music.
The singer was also passionate about football and known for having a kickabout in between studio sessions or before he went on stage.
"I love music before I love football," he said in an interview in 1980.
"Playing football and singing is dangerous because the football gets very violent. I sing about peace, love and all of that stuff, and something might happen y'know.
"If a man tackle you hard it bring feelings of war."
Marley's last live performance in the UK was on 13 July 1980 at New Bingley Hall, Stafford.
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Named one of the best rock clubs by Rolling Stone and located in West Hollywood, CA, the legendary Troubadour is an all ages venue and premier music destination for established and rising artists.
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Since opening in 1957, the legendary Troubadour club in West Hollywood has helped launch some of contemporary music’s most talented performers. Greats such as Elton John, James Taylor and Tom Waits performed there early in their careers, and it continues to be a destination for cutting-edge acts from around the world.
The Troubadour also remains a popular venue among serious music fans who enjoy listening to live music in an intimate and historically rich setting. Read more here.
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