identifier
stringlengths 1
43
| dataset
stringclasses 3
values | question
stringclasses 4
values | rank
int64 0
99
| url
stringlengths 14
1.88k
| read_more_link
stringclasses 1
value | language
stringclasses 1
value | title
stringlengths 0
200
| top_image
stringlengths 0
125k
| meta_img
stringlengths 0
125k
| images
listlengths 0
18.2k
| movies
listlengths 0
484
| keywords
listlengths 0
0
| meta_keywords
listlengths 1
48.5k
| tags
null | authors
listlengths 0
10
| publish_date
stringlengths 19
32
⌀ | summary
stringclasses 1
value | meta_description
stringlengths 0
258k
| meta_lang
stringclasses 68
values | meta_favicon
stringlengths 0
20.2k
| meta_site_name
stringlengths 0
641
| canonical_link
stringlengths 9
1.88k
⌀ | text
stringlengths 0
100k
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5893
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 45
|
https://www.cram.com/subjects/screen-actors-guild-award-for-outstanding-performance-by-a-cast-in-a-motion-picture
|
en
|
Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a...
|
[
"https://beckett.cram.com/1.17/images/icons/burger.png",
"https://beckett.cram.com/1.17/images/logos/cram/logo-cram.png",
"https://beckett.cram.com/1.17/images/logos/cram/logo-cram-mobile.png",
"https://beckett.cram.com/1.17/images/icons/cram/magnifying-glass.svg",
"https://beckett.cram.com/1.17/images/icons/cram/magnifying-glass-mobile.svg",
"https://beckett.cram.com/1.17/images/icons/user-icon-blue.png",
"https://beckett.cram.com/1.17/images/placeholders/default_paper_7.png",
"https://beckett.cram.com/1.17/images/placeholders/default_paper_7.png",
"https://beckett.cram.com/1.17/images/placeholders/default_paper_7.png",
"https://beckett.cram.com/1.17/images/placeholders/default_paper_7.png",
"https://beckett.cram.com/1.17/images/placeholders/default_paper_7.png",
"https://beckett.cram.com/1.17/images/placeholders/default_paper_7.png",
"https://beckett.cram.com/1.17/images/placeholders/default_paper_7.png",
"https://beckett.cram.com/1.17/images/placeholders/default_paper_7.png",
"https://beckett.cram.com/1.17/images/placeholders/default_paper_7.png",
"https://beckett.cram.com/1.17/images/placeholders/default_paper_7.png"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null |
en
|
https://www.cram.com/subjects/screen-actors-guild-award-for-outstanding-performance-by-a-cast-in-a-motion-picture
|
Johnny Depp is one of the most sought-after actors of this day. The Pirates of the Caribbean star may be getting older, but he's not out of the spotlight just yet. Even though Depp has spent a significant portion of his life in the public eye, there are still some things that very few people know about him. Here, we present 15 things you probably didn't know about Johnny Depp. Check out part one below, and stay tuned for part two, coming soon! Number Fifteen: He Moved a Lot as a Child. More than 20 times, in fact! Throughout the entirety of his childhood, Depp moved around a lot until he and his family eventually settled in Miramar, Florida. Number Fourteen: He Dropped Out of High School...to Pursue Music. That's right! Rather than dropping out to pursue his eventual career of acting, Depp wanted to be a rock star first. He soon gave that up after realizing he wasn't going to make it as a musician. However, he and his band The Kids did once open for Iggy Pop, so in a sense, they did "make it."…
nor proud of his attainment” (Heschel 20). Heschel offers striking insight about prophets that other sources can not provide. When thinking of prophets in the modern day world, Leonardo Dicaprio is most likely not one of the first names to come to mind for most people. Perhaps, it would not even come up at all. Sure, he is a very well-known actor and millions of people have probably heard his name or seen one of his movies, but most people do not see beyond the surface. Besides being an…
movie is based on a true story and portrays how truly tough it was to survive in the vast uninhabited areas of North America in 1823. The directors and actors had a tough job of following the storyline while dealing with the elements and ensuring the action packed scenes where realistic. The Revenant is a superb and intense action seeking thriller because of the brilliant storyline, talented actors, and realistic costumes and props. The Revenant being based off a true story has everything to…
Marketing came from paramount pictures, they promoted the movie Fences with posters of denzel washington and his costar Viola Davis in a black and white picture looking ahead like they are watching someone, giving them that image of parents watching over their kid. It easily captures our attention on where they are looking at and you can easily feel on what they are feeling. Denzel and Viola are popular actors so seeing them both together you know will be a great movie. Movie trailers are also…
Edward Harrison Norton As vibrant as Edward Harrison Norton youthful look could be in the world of entertainment, an idealistic individual would have thought that he was from a generation of actors. The disciplinary skills that he acquired from his military father and his mother, an outstanding tutor gave him an edge in his approach to life activities. It is indeed a fact that whatever an individual needs to specialise in should start from the early stage of life; Edward’s early interest in the…
According to Biography.com, “Reaching the top of the album charts in late 1996, the recording's success was driven in part by the hit single "Just a Girl," which has been seen as an anti-sexism anthem by many” (Biography.com Editors). This song was one of the first songs to reach top of the charts, but after that, many more have also reached the charts throughout her career (TheFamousPeople.com Editors). She also made her acting debut playing Jean Harlow in Martin Scorsese's ‘The Aviator’ in…
|
|||||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
2
| 10
|
https://www.euronews.com/culture/2021/12/03/antony-sher-shakespearean-specialist-with-stage-fright-dies-aged-72
|
en
|
Antony Sher: Shakespearean specialist who struggled with stage fright dies aged 72
|
[
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/euronews-logo-redesigned.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/articles/stories/08/66/29/94/368x207_cmsv2_688149da-628e-541b-a3b6-32c5a131e2df-8662994.jpg",
"https://static.euronews.com/articles/stories/08/66/26/52/368x207_cmsv2_cf368288-c370-5fe2-9385-c24dfbe93654-8662652.jpg",
"https://static.euronews.com/articles/stories/08/66/23/94/368x207_cmsv2_4c4a8608-0086-5af5-bbea-c281ac0a3075-8662394.jpg",
"https://static.euronews.com/articles/stories/08/66/27/22/368x207_cmsv2_33638f5c-9eb4-53aa-8449-1f1da5c231e3-8662722.jpg",
"https://static.euronews.com/articles/programs/featured-programs/featured-radio-schuman.jpg",
"https://static.euronews.com/articles/programs/featured-programs/featured-nocomment.jpg",
"https://static.euronews.com/articles/programs/featured-programs/featured-my-wildest-prediction.jpg",
"https://static.euronews.com/articles/programs/featured-programs/featured-the-big-question.jpg",
"https://static.euronews.com/articles/programs/featured-programs/featured-euronews-tech-talks.jpg",
"https://static.euronews.com/articles/programs/featured-programs/featured-water-matters.jpg",
"https://static.euronews.com/articles/programs/featured-programs/featured-climate-now.jpg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/icon-facebook.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/icon-twitter.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/icon-flipboard.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/icon-instagram.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/icon-linkedin.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/icon-appstore-apple-store.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/icon-appstore-google-play.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/articles/stories/08/66/29/94/368x207_cmsv2_688149da-628e-541b-a3b6-32c5a131e2df-8662994.jpg",
"https://static.euronews.com/articles/stories/08/66/26/52/368x207_cmsv2_cf368288-c370-5fe2-9385-c24dfbe93654-8662652.jpg",
"https://static.euronews.com/articles/stories/08/66/23/94/368x207_cmsv2_4c4a8608-0086-5af5-bbea-c281ac0a3075-8662394.jpg",
"https://static.euronews.com/articles/stories/08/66/27/22/368x207_cmsv2_33638f5c-9eb4-53aa-8449-1f1da5c231e3-8662722.jpg",
"https://static.euronews.com/articles/programs/featured-programs/featured-radio-schuman.jpg",
"https://static.euronews.com/articles/programs/featured-programs/featured-nocomment.jpg",
"https://static.euronews.com/articles/programs/featured-programs/featured-my-wildest-prediction.jpg",
"https://static.euronews.com/articles/programs/featured-programs/featured-the-big-question.jpg",
"https://static.euronews.com/articles/programs/featured-programs/featured-euronews-tech-talks.jpg",
"https://static.euronews.com/articles/programs/featured-programs/featured-water-matters.jpg",
"https://static.euronews.com/articles/programs/featured-programs/featured-climate-now.jpg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/icon-facebook.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/icon-twitter.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/icon-flipboard.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/icon-instagram.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/icon-linkedin.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/icon-appstore-apple-store.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/icon-appstore-google-play.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/logos/logo-euronews-grey-6-180x22.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/articles/stories/06/27/95/04/1200x675_cmsv2_4393eaa8-af80-52c7-8545-f5a9b7aaa34f-6279504.jpg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/icon-close.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/article-redesign-facebook.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/article-redesign-facebook.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/article-redesign-twitter.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/article-redesign-twitter.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/article-redesign-flipboard.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/article-redesign-flipboard.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/article-redesign-send.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/article-redesign-send.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/article-redesign-reddit.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/article-redesign-reddit.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/article-redesign-messenger.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/article-redesign-messenger.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/article-redesign-linkedin.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/article-redesign-linkedin.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/article-redesign-vk.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/article-redesign-vk.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/logos/logo-euronews-180x22-grey-6.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/icons/icon-cross-10x10-grey-6.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/logos/logo-euronews-180x22-grey-6.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/logos/logo-euronews-180x22-grey-6.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/articles/stories/06/26/52/14/400x225_cmsv2_34222838-bdc3-5a1b-869c-4cae686bf97b-6265214.jpg",
"https://static.euronews.com/articles/stories/04/32/74/56/368x207_cmsv2_942ce16d-3098-55b4-af40-d6a6de4808f3-4327456.jpg",
"https://static.euronews.com/articles/stories/08/66/27/22/368x207_cmsv2_33638f5c-9eb4-53aa-8449-1f1da5c231e3-8662722.jpg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/logos/logo-euronews-180x22-grey-6.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/articles/stories/08/66/20/66/451x254_cmsv2_1dd2dce4-9545-539c-9d05-ea65c1f30376-8662066.jpg",
"https://static.euronews.com/articles/stories/08/66/22/92/451x254_cmsv2_b6656eeb-6cc2-5832-a7c9-9a042821b90b-8662292.jpg",
"https://static.euronews.com/articles/stories/08/66/26/52/451x254_cmsv2_cf368288-c370-5fe2-9385-c24dfbe93654-8662652.jpg",
"https://static.euronews.com/articles/stories/08/66/19/62/451x254_cmsv2_8fb34db6-5793-59bc-b334-ee5bed911fc2-8661962.jpg",
"https://static.euronews.com/articles/stories/08/66/17/72/451x254_cmsv2_9a9ae044-4b20-5af1-bc3f-f4a2d0f84c5f-8661772.jpg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/logos/logo-euronews-180x22-grey-6.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/logos/logo-euronews-180x22-grey-6.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/icons/icon-tag-dark-blue.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/logos/logo-euronews-240x28-neon-blue.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/social_icon_fb.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/social_icon_twitter.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/flipboard_logo.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/social_icon_youtube.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/social_icon_linkedin.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/social_icon_dailymotion.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/social_icon_instagram.svg",
"https://static.euronews.com/website/images/vector/social-icons/social_icon_vk.svg",
"https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=1612819098956034&ev=PageView&noscript=1"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
"Theatre",
"William Shakespeare",
"actor"
] | null |
[
"Euronews"
] |
2021-12-03T00:00:00
|
After winning acclaim as a pillar of British theatre, Sher began to explore both his Jewish and his South African heritage.
|
en
|
/apple-touch-icon.png
|
euronews
|
https://www.euronews.com/culture/2021/12/03/antony-sher-shakespearean-specialist-with-stage-fright-dies-aged-72
|
Antony Sher, one of the most acclaimed Shakespearean actors of his generation, has died aged 72, the Royal Shakespeare Company said Friday.
Sher had been diagnosed with terminal cancer earlier this year. His husband, Royal Shakespeare Company Artistic Director Gregory Doran, took leave from his job to care for him.
Born in Cape Town, South Africa in 1949, Sher moved to Britain in the late 1960s to study drama. He joined the RSC in 1982 and had a breakthrough role in 1984 as the usurping king in “Richard III.”
He went on to play most of Shakespeare’s meaty male roles, including Falstaff in the “Henry IV” plays, Leontes in “The Winter’s Tale,” Shylock in “The Merchant of Venice,” Iago in “Othello” and the title characters in “Macbeth” and “King Lear.”
Non-Shakespearean roles for the company, based in the Bard’s hometown of Stratford-upon-Avon, included Willy Loman in Arthur Miller's “Death of a Salesman” and the title role in Moliere's “Tartuffe.”
Sher also performed with Liverpool’s innovative Everyman Theatre and at many of London’s main theaters, getting his first West End starring role as a drag artist in Harvey Fierstein’s “Torch Song Trilogy.” He won the 1985 best-actor Olivier Award jointly for “Torch Song Trilogy” and “Richard III.”
He gained a second Olivier, as well as a Tony Award nomination for playing artist Stanley Spencer in Pam Gems’ “Stanley” at the National Theatre and on Broadway.
After winning acclaim as a pillar of British theatre, Sher began to explore both his Jewish and his South African heritage.
Stage Fright
He adapted Primo Levi’s powerful Auschwitz memoir “If This is a Man” into a one-man stage show, “Primo,” that ran on Broadway in 2005.
He created the solo show despite being afflicted with debilitating stage fright.
“If you suffer from stage fright, is it a good idea to perform a one-man show? The answer, surprisingly, turns out to be yes,” Sher told the Associated Press in 2005. “It is the best cure for stage fright in the world, because it’s make or break. There’s no middle ground.”
Sher's last role for the RSC came in 2019 in South African writer John Kani’s “Kunene and The King.” Sher played a veteran actor diagnosed with cancer, looked after by a Black South African carer.
Kani, who starred opposite Sher, said the two men had been “comrades in the struggle for a better South Africa.”
On television, Sher starred as a memorably sleazy university lecturer in 1981 BBC series “The History Man.” His film roles included Dr. Moth in “Shakespeare in Love,” Benjamin Disraeli in “Mrs Brown” and Adolf Hitler in “Churchill: The Hollywood Years.”
Sher also wrote several novels and theatrical memoirs, along with an autobiography, “Beside Myself,” and exhibited his paintings and drawings in galleries. He was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II in 2000, becoming Sir Antony Sher.
“I think he always felt like an outsider and his outsider’s vision was his strength,” said Harriet Walter, who starred opposite Sher in “Macbeth” and “Death of a Salesman.”
“He had abundant creative energy and protean powers and an almost clinical curiosity about what makes people tick,” she said.
Shakespeare scholar James Shapiro said Sher’s performances “profoundly deepened my understanding of Shakespeare.”
“He was a brilliant actor and an incredibly kind and thoughtful person,” Shapiro said. “Hamlet put it best: “take him for all in all, I shall not look upon his like again.’”
Sher and Doran were one of the first couples to have a civil partnership in Britain after same-sex unions were legalized in 2005. They married in 2015 when the U.K. legalized gay marriage.
|
||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 53
|
https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/awards-insider-sag-awards-2024-winners-list
|
en
|
SAG Awards 2024 Winners: See the Full List Here
|
[
"https://www.vanityfair.com/verso/static/vanity-fair/assets/logo-header.svg",
"https://media.vanityfair.com/photos/65daad2832c4e903d77c0c6b/master/w_2560%2Cc_limit/SAG-Succession.png",
"https://media.vanityfair.com/photos/61424ad48801f831aa17f9ca/1:1/w_200%2Cc_limit/AWARDS%2520INSIDER%2520SQUARE.png",
"https://media.vanityfair.com/photos/66ba43fcae478a28be57a95e/1:1/w_350%2Ch_350%2Cc_limit/undefined",
"https://media.vanityfair.com/photos/66ba71fd48b2477c06ee8f41/1:1/w_350%2Ch_350%2Cc_limit/undefined",
"https://media.vanityfair.com/photos/66bce261c4665e3d3f6bc803/1:1/w_350%2Ch_350%2Cc_limit/undefined",
"https://media.vanityfair.com/photos/62fe7ae3f9f2d6c81700a52a/1:1/w_90%2Cc_limit/undefined",
"https://media.vanityfair.com/photos/669a95a6e4ea08e35516a49f/1:1/pass/undefined",
"https://media.vanityfair.com/photos/66ad01cfa311b14fc363df90/1:1/pass/undefined",
"https://media.vanityfair.com/photos/66a0ff7e4bea0374691c0c44/1:1/pass/undefined",
"https://media.vanityfair.com/photos/66abb67cb05d370afe74310a/1:1/pass/undefined",
"https://media.vanityfair.com/photos/66abd7ec5d49073475bc8875/1:1/pass/undefined",
"https://media.vanityfair.com/photos/66b28461a4b78601e8e813a3/1:1/pass/undefined",
"https://media.vanityfair.com/photos/66a91bd97ce66f9496810e13/1:1/pass/undefined",
"https://media.vanityfair.com/photos/66abe1a2e312a30545fe9b58/1:1/pass/undefined",
"https://media.vanityfair.com/photos/669fd5a50b949f515e78e9c6/1:1/pass/undefined",
"https://media.vanityfair.com/photos/66b3d4c403debd4ba47b4999/1:1/pass/undefined",
"https://www.vanityfair.com/verso/static/vanity-fair/assets/logo-small-white.svg"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
"awards",
"sag awards",
"screen actors guild awards"
] | null |
[
"Katey Rich",
"Maureen Ryan",
"Hillary Busis",
"Savannah Walsh",
"Rebecca Ford",
"Richard Lawson",
"David Canfield",
"Chris Murphy",
"Tomris Laffly",
"Paul Chi"
] |
2024-02-24T19:35:02.340000-05:00
|
A series of Oppenheimer victories, another big night for The Bear, and more where that came from.
|
en
|
https://www.vanityfair.com/verso/static/vanity-fair-global/assets/favicon.ico
|
Vanity Fair
|
https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/awards-insider-sag-awards-2024-winners-list
|
The only televised awards show dedicated entirely to actors, the SAG Awards 2024 aired Saturday for the first time on Netflix, and made their mark on an awards season that’s just about ready to come to an end. Oppenheimer continued its significant recent winning streak, with victories for lead actor Cillian Murphy and supporting actor Robert Downey Jr. as well as the night’s final award, best film ensemble. Da’Vine Joy Randolph was another repeat winner, seemingly unstoppable for her role in The Holdovers. And Lily Gladstone triumphed in the best actress category, making her a strong contender heading into the Oscars in what’s been an extremely competitive best actress race.
On the TV side there were a solid number of repeat victories for recent Emmy winners like Steven Yeun, Ali Wong, Ayo Edebiri, and Jeremy Allen White. But there was genuine surprise when Pedro Pascal took home the lead actor in a drama award for The Last of Us — perhaps no one more surprised than Pascal himself. And though he beat a number of actors from Succession, they had their moment onstage for the best drama ensemble award.
Below find a complete list of SAG Award winners. For more from the show, check out our list of the standout looks from the red carpet, and the rundown on the highly anticipated Devil Wears Prada reunion.
OUTSTANDING PERFORMANCE BY A CAST IN A MOTION PICTURE
WINNER: Oppenheimer
American Fiction
Barbie
The Color Purple
Killers of the Flower Moon
OUTSTANDING PERFORMANCE BY A MALE ACTOR IN A LEADING ROLE
WINNER: Cillian Murphy, Oppenheimer
Bradley Cooper, Maestro
Colman Domingo, Rustin
Paul Giamatti, The Holdovers
Jeffrey Wright, American Fiction
OUTSTANDING PERFORMANCE BY A FEMALE ACTOR IN A LEADING ROLE
WINNER: Lily Gladstone, Killers of the Flower Moon
Annette Bening, Nyad
Carey Mulligan, Maestro
Margot Robbie, Barbie
Emma Stone, Poor Things
OUTSTANDING PERFORMANCE BY A MALE ACTOR IN A SUPPORTING ROLE
WINNER: Robert Downey Jr., Oppenheimer
Sterling K. Brown, American Fiction
Willem Dafoe, Poor Things
Robert De Niro, Killers of the Flower Moon
Ryan Gosling, Barbie
OUTSTANDING PERFORMANCE BY A FEMALE ACTOR IN A SUPPORTING ROLE
WINNER: Da’Vine Joy Randolph, The Holdovers
Emily Blunt, Oppenheimer
Danielle Brooks, The Color Purple
Penélope Cruz, Ferrari
Jodie Foster, Nyad
OUTSTANDING PERFORMANCE BY AN ENSEMBLE IN A DRAMA SERIES
WINNER: Succession
The Crown
The Gilded Age
The Last of Us
The Morning Show
OUTSTANDING PERFORMANCE BY A MALE ACTOR IN A DRAMA SERIES
WINNER: Pedro Pascal, The Last of Us
Brian Cox, Succession
Billy Crudup, The Morning Show
Kieran Culkin, Succession
Matthew Macfadyen, Succession
OUTSTANDING PERFORMANCE BY A FEMALE ACTOR IN A DRAMA SERIES
WINNER: Elizabeth Debicki, The Crown
Jennifer Aniston, The Morning Show
Bella Ramsey, The Last of Us
Keri Russell, The Diplomat
Sarah Snook, Succession
OUTSTANDING PERFORMANCE BY AN ENSEMBLE IN A COMEDY SERIES
WINNER: The Bear
Abbott Elementary
Barry
Only Murders in the Building
Ted Lasso
OUTSTANDING PERFORMANCE BY A MALE ACTOR IN A COMEDY SERIES
WINNER: Jeremy Allen White, The Bear
Brett Goldstein, Ted Lasso
Bill Hader, Barry
Ebon Moss-Bachrach, The Bear
Jason Sudeikis, Ted Lasso
OUTSTANDING PERFORMANCE BY A FEMALE ACTOR IN A COMEDY SERIES
WINNER: Ayo Edebiri, The Bear
Alex Borstein, The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel
Rachel Brosnahan, The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel
Quinta Brunson, Abbott Elementary
Hannah Waddingham, Ted Lasso
OUTSTANDING PERFORMANCE BY A MALE ACTOR IN A TELEVISION MOVIE OR LIMITED SERIES
WINNER: Steven Yeun, Beef
Matt Bomer, Fellow Travelers
Jon Hamm, Fargo
David Oyelowo, Lawmen: Bass Reeves
Tony Shalhoub, Mr. Monk’s Last Case
OUTSTANDING PERFORMANCE BY A FEMALE ACTOR IN A TELEVISION MOVIE OR LIMITED SERIES
WINNER: Ali Wong, Beef
Uzo Aduba, Painkiller
Kathryn Hahn, Tiny Beautiful Things
Brie Larson, Lessons in Chemistry
Bel Powley, A Small Light
OUTSTANDING PERFORMANCE BY A STUNT ENSEMBLE IN A MOTION PICTURE
WINNER: Mission: Impossible—Dead Reckoning Part One
Barbie
Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3
Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny
John Wick: Chapter 4
OUTSTANDING PERFORMANCE BY A STUNT ENSEMBLE IN A COMEDY OR DRAMA SERIES
WINNER: The Last of Us
Ahsoka
Barry
Beef
The Mandalorian
Listen to Vanity Fair’s Little Gold Men podcast now.
Movies
When You’re 23 and Spielberg Calls: The Wild Origin Story of Jon M. Chu
In an excerpt from his new memoir, the director of Crazy Rich Asians and Wicked remembers the shock and awe.
Movies
Trap Is a Bad Dad Movie
Josh Hartnett stars in the latest disappointing thriller from the director of The Sixth Sense.
Movies
Watch Timothée Chalamet Sing as Bob Dylan in First A Complete Unknown Trailer
The actor previously revealed that he worked with Austin Butler’s Elvis team to morph into the famed folk singer.
Award Season
How Timothée Chalamet’s Bob Dylan Biopic Could Shape This Year’s Oscar Race
With A Complete Unknown, the Oscar nominee could be back in the race for the first time since his breakout in Call Me by Your Name. But that’s only the beginning of the awards potential for this movie.
Movies
Is a Britney Spears Biopic Officially in the Works?
Wicked producer and director duo Marc Platt and Jon M. Chu are reportedly attached to helm the film for Universal.
Hollywood
The Universe According to Geraldine Viswanathan
After breaking out in Blockers, the actor has continued to shoot for the stars, soaring toward her biggest year yet with a Will Ferrell–Reese Witherspoon comedy and a new role in the Marvel Cinematic Universe.
Hollywood
“He’s Absolutely Extraordinary”: Remembering Robin Williams
On the 10-year anniversary of Robin Williams’s untimely passing, we asked more than 20 of his costars, collaborators, and friends—including Billy Crystal, Matt Damon, Ben Stiller, Al Pacino, Sally Field, Jeff Bridges, and Julianne Moore—for their favorite memories of this kind, playful, and uniquely intelligent artist.
Hollywood
The Real Reason Matt Damon Loves Working With Casey Affleck
“You need to get every idea out,” says the star of The Instigators, in a joint interview with Affleck. “You get there a lot faster if you’re not worried about people’s feelings. So, in other words, we talk a lot of shit to each other.”
Award Season
Venice and Toronto Film Festival Lineups Raise Our Oscar Hopes
Hotly anticipated films like Joker: Folie à Deux and The Piano Lesson are mixed with some wild cards that could shake up awards season.
Hollywood
Unstoppable Tackles the Inspiring True Story of a One-Legged Wrestling Champion
The crowd-pleasing sports drama starring Jharrel Jerome and Jennifer Lopez will have its world premiere at the Toronto Film Festival.
|
||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
2
| 91
|
https://tv.apple.com/us/person/antony-sher/umc.cpc.4v26fh3xc44kli4nq50d0tsrg
|
en
|
Antony Sher Movies and Shows
|
[
"https://tv.apple.com/assets/artwork/1x1.gif",
"https://tv.apple.com/assets/artwork/1x1.gif",
"https://tv.apple.com/assets/artwork/1x1.gif",
"https://tv.apple.com/assets/artwork/1x1.gif",
"https://tv.apple.com/assets/artwork/1x1.gif",
"https://tv.apple.com/assets/artwork/1x1.gif",
"https://tv.apple.com/assets/artwork/1x1.gif"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null |
Learn about Antony Sher on Apple TV. Browse shows and movies that feature Antony Sher including Her Majesty, Mrs. Brown, Erik the Viking, and more.
|
en
|
/assets/favicon/apple-touch-icon-9a18d92f405f4cba68b503b186df5f5b.png
|
Apple TV
|
https://tv.apple.com/us/person/antony-sher/umc.cpc.4v26fh3xc44kli4nq50d0tsrg
|
The South African-born, openly gay and Jewish Sher was a child prodigy in art. Because he was shy as a lad, he was sent for elocution lessons which lead to his desire to be an actor. After compulsory military service (which he spent mostly painting portraits of the officers), Sher moved to Great Britain. Turned down by most of the drama schools, the actor has been known to paraphrase his rejection from RADA: "Not only have you failed in the audition and we do not want you to try again, but we seriously recommend that you think about a different profession." Eventually, Sher was accepted at the Webber-Douglas Academy. After working at the Everyman Theatre in Liverpool, he made his London stage debut in Willy Russell's "John, Paul, George, Ringo and Bert." In took nearly a decade, though, for Sher to really break out, beginning with his performance in Mike Leigh's "Goosepimples" in 1981 and the TV series "The History Man" in 1982. Later that year, he won attention as the Fool to Michael Gambon's "King Lear."1985 proved to be a banner year for the actor. With his dark curly hair and atypical looks, Sher was cast as Shakespeare's "Richard III." Trying to find a new approach to the role, he chose to interpret Richard as a "spider on crutches." His aggressive, diabolical performance earned widespread critical praise and numerous British stage awards. Later that year, Sher solidified his status as a rising actor as the drag queen hero in Harvey Fierstein's "Torch Song Trilogy." Tackling roles as varied as Shylock in "The Merchant of Venice" to a South African in Athol Fugard's "Hello and Goodbye" to a tycoon in "Singer," he has consistently won praise. His portrayal of the eccentric British painter Stanley Spencer in Pam Gems' "Stanley" earned him further acclaim and led to his belated Broadway debut in 1997. (His own artistic background informed his characterization.)John Schlesinger gave Sher his first screen role, a bit part as soldier, in "Yanks" (1979). Sher co-wrote and starred in "Mark Gertler Fragments of a Biography" in 1981, about a member of the Bloomsbury set. "Shadey" (1985; released in the USA in 1987), an uneven black comedy, offered Sher the meaty title role of a London mechanic who wants nothing more than a sex change. Critics were divided over his performance; some felt the actor was miscast, while others acclaimed the theatricality of his work. He fared much better in two films playing therapists: as the psychiatrist who treats a youthful serial killer in Ben Ross' "The Young Poisoner's Handbook" and as an AIDS counselor who falls in love with an HIV-positive ballet dancer in "Alive and Kicking/Indian Summer" (1996; released in the USA in 1997). Sher also was the British Prime Minister Disraeli to Judy Dench's Queen Victoria in the offbeat story of the purported relationship between the widowed monarch and a Scottish commoner in "Mrs. Brown" and was cast as the Chief Weasel in Terry Jones' film version of "The Wind in the Willows" (both 1997). In addition to his stage and film roles, Sher has made occasional TV appearances, notably in the title role of "Genghis Cohn" (BBC, 1993; A&E 1994), the ghost of a Jewish comic killed in a concentration camp who returns to haunt the SS officer responsible for his death. He has also written several novels and has published performance diaries and a book of paintings and drawings. Antony Sher died in late 2021 at the age of 72.
|
||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
0
| 88
|
https://www.calstatela.edu/emeriti/memoriam
|
en
|
Cal State LA
|
https://www.calstatela.edu/themes/custom/csula/favicon.ico
|
https://www.calstatela.edu/themes/custom/csula/favicon.ico
|
[
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/palmer8_82.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/gravesf92.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/greenleew93.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/roysherf93.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/renshaws95.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/simpsons94.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/nishif95.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/thrasherf95.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/cobbw96.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/hirschs96.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/matsons96.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/clemmensenf96.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/andreoliw97.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/elliotw97.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/holladayw97.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/kirschf97.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/lloyds98.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/dunkelbergs98.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/al-malikf98.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/albersheimf98.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/coxf98.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/diamondf98.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/bensonw99.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/friedmanw99.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/brooksf99.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/boubionf99.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/maysw00.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/beattys00.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/dayf00.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/goldbergw01.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/gravesf01.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/houkf01.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/towlerf01.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/campbellf01.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/hullf01.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/longhettif01.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/callahans02.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/polans02.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/benedettif02.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/masseyf02.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/tomaskef02.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/thompsonw03.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/obriens03.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/landarf03.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/swainf03.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/misnerw04.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/strassburgw04.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/amneuss04.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/baxters04.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/phillipss04.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/sandelins04.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/gormlyf04.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/snyderf04.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/schatzf04.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/schubertw05.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/eshelmanw05.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/amsdens05.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/beaver1s05.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/beaver2s05.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/brands05.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/guerrants05.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/hillbruners05.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/jaffes05.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/razouks05.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/sternalf05.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/tuohinof05.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/wiebef05.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/altenbergw06.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/ubansw06.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/rodriguezs06.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/wigginss06.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/dearmondf06.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/fingerhutf06.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/lamonicaf06.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/lewisf06.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/winklerf06.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/moorew07.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/adamss07.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/thomlinsons07.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/bachmans07.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/allisonf07.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/brinkleyf07.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/gaucher-moralesf07.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/dennyw08.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/clarks08.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/malcombs08.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/mortensens08.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/nicklins08.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/sandlers08.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/waldrops08.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/kingf08.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/lehmanf08.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/rathbunf08.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/steinf08.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/carpenterw09.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/habermanw09.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/hallw09.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/hsiaw09.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/goldenbergs09.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/rowans09.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/collinsf09.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/kimf09.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/wagstafff09.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/hoppers10.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/manvis10.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/mayers10.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/zalls10.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/brownf10.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/caplinf10.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/cromwellf10.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/fritzf10.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/schatzf10.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/zrimcf10.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/hammackw11.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/smallenburgw11.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/utzw11.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/hansens11.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/swingerf11.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/fergusonw12.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/morinigow12.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/keyzers12.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/lemoss12.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/hughess12.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/alleyf12.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/frumanf12.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/hoytf12.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/moyef12.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/molloyw13.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/alberts13.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/lacours13.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/leidigs13.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/straws13.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/phillipss13.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/eggersf13.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/inackerf13.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/ottf13.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/reevesf13.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/severancef13.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/schwartzf13.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/wilsonf13.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/currellw14.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/levitanw14.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/simmonsw14.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/wuw14.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/ketts14.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/niehoffs14.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/soldates14.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/wapners14.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/butlerf14.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/colef14.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/sikandf14.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/simunf14.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/fischoffw15.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/garciaw15.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/garciabuttonw15.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/hudsonw15.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/nielsenw15.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/johnsonw15.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/blackmons15.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/chins15.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/leimans15.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/lewiss15.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/warners15.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/rosenthalf15.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/smithf15.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/ballew16.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/johnsonw16.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/lairdw16.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/snodgrassw16.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/fisherahs16.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/hansonwrs16.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/ransdls16.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/sweetnamkhs16.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/baxterfhf16.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/henningwkf16.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/hunterwestvf16.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/johnsonjw17.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/johnsonj2w17.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/nelsonw17.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/pincusw17.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/schnitzlerw17.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/bormans17.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/boulgaridess17.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/stevensjrs17.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/vicksp17.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/gibsons17.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/users/u106916/dewey1f17.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/users/u106916/dewey2f17.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/users/u106916/balvinf17.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/users/u106916/keysf17.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/users/u106916/numrichf17.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/users/u106916/mathyw18.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/users/u106916/silvermanw18.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/users/u106916/herboldw18.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/users/u106916/lujanw18.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/users/u106916/ryanw18.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/users/u106916/kullys18.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/users/u106916/odoneraleonards18.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/users/u106916/padicks18.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/users/u106916/papenhausens18.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/users/u106916/potters18.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/users/u106916/landisf18.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/users/u106916/wilsonef18.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/users/u106916/mims-coxf18.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/users/u106916/kormondyw19.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/users/u106916/beyersp19.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/users/u106916/levinesp19.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/users/u106916/beddawif19.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/users/u106916/carterf19.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/users/u106916/chrzanowskif19.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/users/u106916/dalyf19.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/users/u106916/edwardsevansf19.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/users/u106916/ewaldf19.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/users/u106916/lauf19.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/users/u106916/onakf19.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/users/u106916/ruschf19.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/users/u106916/shutlerf19.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/users/u106916/woodf19.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/negretew20.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/goodmanw20.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/daytonw20.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/marshall_holtw20.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/schieslw20.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/takeshitaw20.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/watkinsw20.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/kellydelosw20.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/braydss20.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/davisss20.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/elrodss20.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/lowenkronss20.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/rodenss20.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/smithjralss20.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/colburnf20.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/clarkw21.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/hoffmanw21.jpg",
"https://training.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Emeriti%20Association/PicturesEmeritimesObits/gangw21.png",
"https://www.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/CalStateLA-with-Eagle-Logotype-1793x287.png",
"https://www.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/WeAreLA-Logotype-878x352.png"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null |
/**/
|
en
|
/themes/custom/csula/favicon.ico
|
https://www.calstatela.edu/emeriti/memoriam
|
As a contribution to the university's historical record and as a tribute to the memory of faculty and other members of the university community who have passed away, all obituaries or other remembrances published in The Emeritimes since its inception in March 1980 have been collected here and may be accessed through the alphabetical listing below. The individual entries themselves appear below the alphabetical listing in the chronological order of their publication in The Emeritimes. The collection is up to date through the Winter 2021 issue of The Emeritimes.
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
DAVID L. MILLER, Emeritus Dean of Instructional Administration and a member of the University faculty from 1958 to 1974, died January 10, 1980 at age 57. In addition to the deanship, other administrative posts held by Dr. Miller included Coordinator of Extension and Special Programs, Director of Extension Services, Assistant to the Vice President for Academic Affairs, and Director of Field Services. Since retirement, Dr. Miller had resided at Spring Valley Lake, near Victorville.
The Emeritimes, March 1980
RICHARD O. HANKEY, Emeritus Professor of Criminal Justice and a member of the University faculty from 1957 to 1972, died January 7, 1980 in Corvallis, Oregon, where he had resided since retirement.
The Emeritimes, March 1980
HERTHA E. AIELLO, Emeritus Professor of Nursing and a member of the University faculty from 1959 to 1972, died January 2, 1980 in Roswell, New Mexico.
The Emeritimes, March 1980
FLORENCE M. BONHARD, Emeritus Professor of Foreign Languages and a member of the University faculty from 1949 to 1965, died September 17, 1979 in Los Angeles. Dr. Bonhard was the first fulltime member of the foreign language faculty and headed the Department of Foreign Languages and Literature until her retirement.
The Emeritimes, March 1980
HARFORD L. BRIDGES, Emeritus Associate Professor of Education and a member of the faculty from 1967 to 1979, died March 26, 1979. He resided in Los Angeles.
The Emeritimes, March 1980
WINIFRED K. CHASTEK, Emeritus Professor of Music, and a member of the faculty from 1959 to 1976, died June 15, 1979. Dr. Chastek resided in Olympia, Wash., after retirement.
The Emeritimes, March 1980
JOHN A. MORTON, Emeritus Dean of Instructional Administration, died June 10, 1980 at age 75 at his retirement home in Irvine. Dr. Morton came to the University in 1948 and served in the posts of Dean of Instruction, Dean of Educational Services and Summer Session, and Dean of Instructional Administration during his 22 years of administrative service before retirement in 1970.
The Emeritimes, September 1980
G. ETZEL PEARCY, retired Professor of Geography, died June 28, 1980 in San Francisco at age 75. Professor Pearcy served as a member of the University faculty from 1969 until his retirement in 1973.
The Emeritimes, September 1980
WARREN C. BRAY, Director of Graduate Programs in the School of Business and Economics and Professor of Accounting, died June 30, 1980 from complications following surgery.
The Emeritimes, September 1980
MARYANN C. MOORE, administrative assistant in charge of the Academic Senate office, died on January 19, 1982 of bacterial meningitis at the San Gabriel Community Hospital. Funeral services were held at the San Gabriel Mission Church, where she was an active communicant. Maryann, 40, had been at Cal State L.A. for more than twenty years, the last fifteen in charge of the Academic Senate office. The Academic Senate devoted its January 26 meeting to a memorial program for Maryann.
The Emeritimes, January 1981
MARJORIE J. D. BROWN, who served on the School of Education faculty from 1959 until her retirement in 1971 as Associate Professor, died at some time in 1981. No information is available on the exact time and place of death. She resided at 4455 W. 64th Street, Los Angeles.
The Emeritimes, January 1981
JOHN A. PALMER, Vice President for Academic Affairs from 1970 to 1981, died July 1, 1982 after an extended illness. Dr. Palmer joined the University's Department of English faculty in 1962, after receiving his doctorate in English at Cornell University. He was elected Chairman of the English Department in 1967, and was chosen two years later as Dean of the School of Letters and Science. In tribute to his services to the University, President James Rosser stated that "Dr. Palmer made many contributions to Cal State L.A., to the Cal State University system and to his profession.� He was a man of outstanding intellect and sensitivity who steadfastly insisted on the maintenance of high standards of quality and effectiveness in education. In an unassuming and capable manner, he sought to create a consensus, to support and improve those standards. He was an individual of great kindness and wisdom, a friend and mentor to us all." A memorial tribute to Dr. Palmer was presented in the University Theatre on July 14. A scholarship fund has been established in his name. Contributions may be sent to the University Development Office, Administration 900.
The Emeritimes, August 1982
DORIS L. BELL, Emerita Humanities/Social Science Librarian who took early retirement in 1980, died of cancer May 16, 1982 in West Sedona, Arizona. She had been granted emeritus status at the time of her retirement. Doris served in the WACs during World War II, mustering out as a captain in the Air Force. While preparing for her career as a professional librarian, she served as secretary in the Extended Day Office. Doris earned her BA at L.A. State College in 1957 and her MA in the Library School at Immaculate Heart College in 1960. She continued her studies after joining the professional staff of John F. Kennedy Library and received an MA degree at Cal State L.A. in 1979. She recently published a book, "Contemporary Art Trends." Doris was highly regarded for her superior reference skills as a Librarian.
The Emeritimes, August 1982
RUFUS P. TURNER, member of the Department of English faculty from 1960 to 1971, died March 25, 1982 in Los Angeles. He was a specialist in teaching technical writing, a field in which he was active throughout his life. He published more than 3,000 articles in the fields of electronics and mechanics, and was the author of some 60 books during his lifetime. Mr. Turner graduated from Cal State in 1958.
The Emeritimes, August 1982
MORRIS BETTER, retired Professor of Education, died November 7, 1982, after a lengthy illness. He was granted emeritus status upon his retirement from the School of Education faculty in 1980.
The Emeritimes, January 1983
H. LAWRENCE HALL, Emeritus Professor of Management, died February 14, 1983. Dr. Hall served on the faculty of the School of Business and Economics from 1961 to 1980. The family requests that anyone who wishes to remember Dr. Hall may do so by making a donation to the American Cancer Society.
The Emeritimes, March1983
FREDERICK B. SHROYER, Emeritus Professor of English who taught English and American literature at the University for 25 years until his taking retirement in 1975, died August 24, 1983. He was 66. In addition to his career as an outstanding teacher, Professor Shroyer was also the author of more than a dozen books, including a series of novels set in the Indiana locale where he grew up. A prolific writer, his articles and reviews appeared in many publications. He was literary editor of the Los Angeles Herald-Examiner newspaper for a number of years. During the 1960s he became involved in television as moderator, panelist and literary consultant for shows which received awards for their excellence. He was the lecturer in Cal State L.A.'s pioneering efforts in college teaching by television. A winner of numerous awards and honors during his illustrious career, Professor Shroyer continued to receive recognition after his retirement from teaching. One of the latest was his election to membership in the exclusive British club, The Athenaeum. He is survived by his wife, Pat, daughter Madeline and two grandchildren. A scholarship fund in his name will be established at the University.
The Emeritimes, August 1983
FRANZ ADLER, Emeritus Professor of Sociology, died on May 21, 1983. A member of the University faculty from 1960 to 1974, he earned his Dr. Jur. at the University of Vienna in 1933, his M.A. at American University in 1942, and his Ph. D. at the University of Wisconsin in 1953.
The Emeritimes, August 1983
HOMER D. FETTY, Emeritus Professor of Industrial Studies, died at age 84 on April 13, 1983. A member of the faculty from 1950 until retirement in 1964, Professor Fetty was a pioneer in the development of both academic programs and physical facilities of the University from its beginnings on the Vermont campus to its relocation on the present site. He spent more than half of his years on the faculty as Chairman of the Technical Sciences Division which included the Departments of Engineering, Home Economics, Industrial Arts, Nursing, and Police Administration. Professor Fetty earned a B.A. degree from UCLA and M.S. and Ed. D. degrees from USC. A retired U.S. Air Force colonel; he is survived by his wife, Archine V. Fetty, Emerita Professor of Arts at UCLA. The Emeritimes, August 1983
JUDITH DIAMOND, who retired from the Counseling and Testing staff in 1979, died July 7, 1983 of a heart attack. A specialist in career counseling for women, Judy was the wife of Harry Diamond, Emeritus Professor of Criminal Justice. They had resided in Santa Barbara since their retirement in 1979.
The Emeritimes, August 1983
BERNARD EPSTEIN, recently retired Emeritus Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering, died on December 25, 1982. Funeral services were conducted at Forest Lawn Cemetery on December 27. Professor Epstein served on the School of Engineering faculty from 1957 to 1983. He was granted emeritus status upon retirement last summer. He held a Bachelor of Chemical Engineering degree from New York University and a Master of Mechanical Engineering degree from Cal State L.A. He also was registered as both a Professional Chemical Engineer and Professional Mechanical Engineer with the State of California.
The Emeritimes, January 1984
GEORGIA S. ADAMS, Professor Emerita of Education and a member of the faculty group which organized the Emeriti Association, died in her sleep Sunday, February 19, 1984 at her Altadena home. She had been confined by illness for the past five months. Funeral services were held on February 23. Dr. Adams, who was 69, devoted her entire life to the education profession. After receiving two degrees from USC, she spent 15 years in educational research with the Pasadena city schools. She joined the faculty of the School of Education at Cal State L.A in 1954 as a teacher of graduate courses in educational measurements and evaluation. In addition she was the author of textbooks in her field of specialization. In 1969, Dr. Adams became the first woman selected to receive the Outstanding Professor Award at Cal State L.A. Among her other distinguished accomplishments were her selection as the inter-national president of Pi Lambda Theta, an honorary educational organization, and her years of service as secretary general of the International Council of Psychologists. Although she retired in 1979, Dr. Adams continued to teach at the University part-time. She is survived by her husband and three daughters.
The Emeritimes, March 1984
MARGARET SHEPHERD, wife of Emeritus Professor of Education Gerald Shepherd, died March 24, 1984. Mrs. Shepherd was very active in cam-pus affairs, especially in the Faculty Wives Club, which she served as president in 1956-57. Since Gerald's retirement in 1967, they have resided at Leisure World in Laguna Hills. A memorial service was held at the Methodist Church there on March 29.
The Emeritimes, March 1984
L. ROGERS LIDDLE; Masonic Service Held For Retired Educator Lewis Rogers Liddle, 69, Emeritus Professor of Education and Associate Dean for Fiscal Affairs in the School of Education for 11 years preceding his retirement in 1979, died July 22, 1984 after an extended period of declining health. A Masonic memorial service was held at Little Church of the Flowers in Forest Lawn Memorial Park. Rogers' interests extended considerably beyond his activities as a teacher and administrator at Cal State L.A. He was active in alumni affairs of Michigan State University, from which he received his Doctor of Education degree, and also the Big Ten Club. He also was interested in aviation education, had a private pilot license, was a Major in the Civil Air Patrol, and was a member and officer of the California Aerospace Association. In his professional field of secondary education, Rogers was a contributor to professional research journals and served extensively over the years on accrediting committees of the Western Association of Schools and Colleges. In addition to his degrees in the field of education, Rogers also earned a Doctor of Divinity degree in 1969 and became an ordained minister.
The Emeritimes, September 1984
A. LEROY BISHOP, Emeritus Professor of Education who taught Educational Administration classes at Cal State L. A. from 1950 until his retirement in 1973, died on February 3, 1985. Dr. Bishop earned a B.S. degree from Utah State, a M.S. degree from USC, and his doctorate from Colorado State. He served as a principal, a superintendent of schools, and a member of the faculty of Brigham Young University before coming to Cal State L. A.
The Emeritimes, March 1985
MARVIN LASER, Professor of English and Chairman of the Division of Language Arts at Cal State L.A. between 1956 and 1965, died February 5, 1985. Dr. Laser left Cal State L.A. in 1965 to become a member of the founding academic group at the college now known as Cal State, Dominguez Hills. He served as Dean of the School of Humanities and Fine Arts until his retirement in 1980. He continued teaching during his years as dean and on into his retirement years.
The Emeritimes, March 1985
JOHN R. SPIELMAN, Professor of Chemistry at Cal State L. A., died January 5, 1985. Dr. Spielman, holder of degrees from Stanford and USC, had been a member of the University's chemistry faculty since 1961. A specialist in the field of inorganic chemistry, he served as coordinator of the Chemistry Department's freshman program.
The Emeritimes, March 1985
RICHARD J. WHITING, Professor of Management and Assistant Dean of the School of Business and Economics, died October 17, 1985 after a brief illness. He was 59 years old. Dr. Whiting joined the University faculty in 1956 and served for a period of time as Chairman of the Department of Management. He held degrees from the University of Washington (B.S.), Stanford (MBA), and USC (Ph.D.). He served in the U.S. Navy during World War II, and taught at Fresno State and the University of Portland before joining the Cal State L.A. faculty. Dr. Whiting is survived by his wife, Charlotte, and their five children.
The Emeritimes, January 1986
JOHN P. (PAT) CAREY, who served as Business Manager of the University for a number of years, died in December 1985 of a heart attack. He was 50 years of age and been at the University for 26 years.
The Emeritimes, January 1986
ADDISON POTTER, Emeritus Professor of Political Science who retired in Spring Quarter 1985 after 30 years on the University faculty, died February 9, 1986 at his home in South Pasadena. He had been suffering from cancer for two years. A genial person and a highly respected political scientist, Professor Potter joined the Cal State L.A. faculty in 1955. He held B.A., M.A. and Ph.D. degrees from the University of Minnesota. He is survived by his wife, Peggy, and two sons.
The Emeritimes, March 1986
GENE B. TIPTON, Emeritus Professor of Economics who was serving as the 1985/86 president of the Emeriti Association, died on March 20, 1986. Gene served on the University faculty as a teacher and administrator for 26 years (1957-83). Prior to coming to Cal State L.A., she taught at Whittier College and UC Riverside. A native of El Monte, Gene prepared for her career in economics by earning her BA, MA, and PhD degrees at UCLA, graduating summa cum laude. She was elected to Phi Beta Kappa. In addition to her academic achievement, Gene also was an outstanding tennis player, winning state titles in her collegiate days. A highlight of her tennis career was defeating Alice Marble, an international star in her day. In addition to her teaching, Gene was in demand as a consultant. She served as a special economic consultant to the Federal Reserve Board in San Francisco for 17 years. A Gene Tipton Memorial Lecture, under the joint sponsorship of the Emeriti Association and the Department of Economics in the School of Business and Economics, is being arranged for the Fall Quarter at the University. Gene is survived by her husband, Vern, three children and six grandchildren.
The Emeritimes, September 1986
JOSEPH A. SACHER, Emeritus Professor of Biology, died of pneumonia on March 22, 1986. He had been in declining health for some time. A graduate of Syracuse University (BS) and UC Berkeley (Ph.D.), Joe be-came a member of the University's Biology Department faculty in 1955 and taught until his retirement in 1983. He served as chairman of the department from 1964 to 1969. Characterized by his colleagues as a quiet, gentle, dignified person, Joe was equally at home with his graduate students and with gifted high school students with whom he worked. He was the recipient in 1967 of the University Outstanding Professor Award. Joe had a worldwide reputation as a researcher and was the recipient of numerous grants from the National Science Foundation and the National Institute of Health. A memorial service was held April 5 in Pasadena. A memorial scholarship fund has been established in his honor at Cal State L.A.
The Emeritimes, September 1986
WIRT WILLIAMS, Jr., Professor of English and a noted novelist who had just retired from teaching at the University, died June 29, 1986 following a stroke. He had served 33 years on the University faculty. Wirt began as a journalist, where his writing won him honors, including a Pulitzer nomination for his investigative reporting. A longtime friend and admirer of Ernest Hemingway and his writing, Wirt turned his efforts to writing novels and teaching college students to write. He wrote six novels, one of which, "The Trojans," sold more than a million copies, and two of which, "The Far Side" and "Ma Dallas," won Pulitzer nominations. The latter was made into the movie "Ada," starring Susan Hayward. His other novels were "The Enemy," and "A Passage of Hawks," and "Love in a Windy Space." Wirt served as a naval officer in World War II. In "The Enemy" he wrote of his experiences as commander of a landing ship in the Pacific. He is survived by a daughter, a brother, a sister, and two grandsons.
The Emeritimes, September 1986
VIRGINIA CHAMBERLAIN, Emeritus Professor of Home Economics, died at her retirement home in Cambria, CA, on July 2, 1986. A member of the University faculty from 1953 to 1972, Virginia earned her college degrees at the University of Utah and Teachers College, Columbia University. She did additional graduate study at BYU, USC, and UCLA. She was a specialist in food preparation and food services, and helped develop the Cal State L.A. program for training home economists in business. Virginia will be remembered by many for her cookbook, 'A Collection of Family Favorite Recipes," which she published four year after her retirement.
The Emeritimes, September 1986
TED CLAY BRADBURY, Emeritus Professor of Physics, died in May 1986 following an extended illness. Ted was a member of the University faculty until his retirement in 1983. He came to the University upon the completion of his doctoral study at Cornell University in 1961. He did his undergraduate study at the University of Nevada.
The Emeritimes, September 1986
THOMPSON BLACK, Jr., Emeritus Professor of Political Science, died on April 25, 1986. Born in England, Tom came to the U.S. as a youngster, graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy and served through World War II, suffering wounds at the Anzio Beachhead. Retiring from the service, he returned to college, earning MA and Ph.D. degrees at UCLA. Tom joined the Cal State L.A. faculty in 1950, where he taught until his retirement in 1974. Active in academic affairs at the University, he served on a number of university-wide committees and was Chairman of the Faculty Council, predecessor organization to the Academic Senate, in 1960-61 Surviving are his wife, Katherine, 2 sons, 2 daughters, and 9 grandchildren.
The Emeritimes, September 1986
FRANK W. WILLIAMS, Jr., Emeritus Professor of Art who retired in 1983, died May 10, 1986. Holder of degrees from Colorado State College of Education and the University of Denver, Frank joined the Cal State L.A. faculty in 1956, and went on to earn another degree at Claremont College. Frank was active as an exhibitor in his field of art and served as an officer in the Water Color Association. He is survived by his wife, Dorothy, a son, a daughter, and a grandson.
The Emeritimes, September 1986
HOWARD S. MCDONALD, President 1949 -1962.
In Special Tribute, by William E. Lloyd.
Howard Stevenson McDonald died on October 25, 1986. He was 92 years of age. Dr. McDonald was an educator all of his life, serving as a coach, teacher, and administrator in the public schools and as a university and college president. His other great interest was his devoted service throughout his life to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
When Dr. McDonald arrived in the summer of 1949 to assume the presidency of Los Angeles State College, and to serve also as the head of Los Angeles City (Junior) College, he found a fledgling state college sadly in need of organization and development. Since the college had opened in September, 1947, with 136 students, it had grown in two years to over 2,000 students. Most were studying under the GI Bill, which had been largely responsible for establishment of the college. Upper division classes were being taught in borrowed spaces on the City College campus by mostly part-time faculty recruited from other institutions of higher education in the Los Angeles area and any other source where qualified instructors could be found. When Dr. McDonald retired in 1962, Los Angeles State College of Applied Arts and Sciences, as it be-came known in 1949, had its own permanent site, on which seven major academic buildings had been built and an eighth structure (North Hall, later named King Hall) was nearing completion. The college had a full-time faculty of about 700, a student enrollment approaching 16,000, and an annual graduating class of al-most 3,000 bachelor's and master's degree recipients.
During his first year as president, Dr. McDonald put together a small team of administrators to help him build the college. To head this team, he brought in Dr. Albert Graves as Dean of Instruction, to build a permanent teaching faculty and put together an under-graduate and graduate curriculum; Dr. Morton Renshaw as Dean of Student Personnel, to handle admissions and registration; and Dr. Asael Lambert as Executive Dean, to work on finding a site and erecting buildings for a permanent campus for the burgeoning college.
As was his wont, Dr. McDonald kept fully involved in all phases of development of the new college. One of the traits for which he was well known was the dis-patch with which he sorted his incoming mail each day and routed it on to others to handle, so that he could get out of his office, and observe at first-hand what was going on about the campus. He moved in rapid strides, dropping in offices and even visiting class-rooms, putting together his own assessment of what was taking place on his campus.
One of his more difficult tasks, which he enjoyed telling about after the decision was reached, was his search for a campus site. He told of the many sites, somewhere between 27 and 50, that he checked out. He enjoyed telling how some influential supporters of USC opposed his selection of a piece of land in Baldwin Hills, and how the then Los Angeles Mayor Poulson ran him out of Chavez Ravine so that he could lure the Dodger baseball team to Los Angeles.
Complicating the selection of the site was a requirement of the State Legislature that the college be located within the city limits of Los Angeles. Finally, the decision was made when a parcel of land owned by the State Highway Department was found on the eastern border of the City of Los Angeles. It was not the best of sites, but it was available and would have to do. Time had run out for the search.
Almost as difficult as finding a permanent site for the College was the task of recruiting 50 to 100 new faculty members every year. The GI Bill helped, as servicemen used their benefits to earn advanced college degrees. Los Angeles State recruited heavily from the graduate schools at USC and UCLA, but the numbers available did not fill their needs. Dr. McDonald took part in faculty recruitment, as he and Dean Graves took trips across the United States to interview prospective faculty members on university campuses.
Another activity in which President McDonald engaged with his usual vigor and determination were trips to Sacramento with Business Manager Jack Heppe and Dean Lambert, to plead the College's needs. There were visits to the State Department of Education, under whose administrative authority the College operated, and to the State Legislature to argue for increased funds for the operating budget and allotments of capital funds for building the new campus. There were many meetings with the State Architect's Office, which was charged by law with the job of de-signing the College's buildings.
Those 13 years that Dr. McDonald served as president were certainly the formative years of Los Angeles State College. Ever the active, dynamic person, he was faced almost daily with demands for quick decisions which would impact upon the future of the college. Many were not the decisions that he wanted to make, but expediency demanded action. After all, the college was adding 1,000 or more students each year, and there had to be additional faculty and classrooms.
In 13 years Dr. McDonald, aided by his own hand-picked team of helpers, had created a college which was attracting nationwide attention as a model of an institution of higher education with a strong urban focus. It was destined to continue to grow and expand academically into university status. Today, California State University, Los Angeles stands as a monument to the dedicated efforts of Howard S. McDonald.
The Emeritimes, January 1987
ELLIOTT W. GUILD, member of the faculty at Cal State L.A. from 1949 to 1961, died in a Santa Clara hospital on February 6, 1987. He had been residing with his wife, Mary, in the nearby community of Campbell, CA. He was 83. Dr. Guild joined the Department of Government (now Political Science) in 1949 and retired in 1961. Dr. Guild began his teaching career at San Jose State, where he taught sociology from 1925 to 1938. He left teaching to serve with the U.S. government's National Housing Agency during World War II, then joined the University of Southern California faculty in 1947 as a professor of philosophy before moving to the then-new Los Angeles State College in 1949. A native of Illinois, Dr. Guild earned his BA degree at Wisconsin and his MA and PhD degrees at Stanford. Besides his wife, his survivors include a daughter, three grandchildren and five great-grand-children.
The Emeritimes, Spring 1987
GERALD Q. SHEPHERD, Emeritus Professor of Education, died following a stroke on Wednesday, April 8, 1987. Funeral services were held on Sunday, April 12, at his church in Laguna Hills. A native of Iowa, Gerry joined the Secondary Education Department faculty in 1951. He held degrees from Simpson College, Iowa State College, and USC. Gerry was one of the early members of the growing contingent of University faculty members who have established retirement homes in Laguna Hills, having moved there soon after his retirement in 1967. Gerry's first wife, Margaret, who preceded him in death, was very active in the University's Faculty Wives Club, serving as one of its early presidents.
The Emeritimes, Spring 1987
MARCELLA OBERLE, Professor of Speech Communication who had been a leader over the years in academic affairs at the University, died April 2, 1987 following heart surgery. Services were Monday, April 6, at her church in Pasadena. Marcella had just retired at the end of the Winter Quarter, and was undoubtedly looking forward to engaging in her special interest, the oral interpretation of children's literature. She was the author of many publications on storytelling, especially relating to the folklore and folk tales in British and Irish culture. Holder of degrees from Northern Illinois and Northwestern Universities, Marcella came to Cal State L.A. in 1960. At retirement, Marcella had served on the Academic Senate for 17 years, chairing that body for two years (1978-80). She also served on the Committee on Committees for nine years (1968-87) and the Committee for Academic Freedom for five years (1973-78). She was a recipient of the University's Outstanding Professor Award and was a member of a number of academic honor societies.
The Emeritimes, Spring 1987
C. CURTIS COONS, Emeritus Professor of Mechanical Engineering, died September 4, 1987, following a short illness. Born in Indiana in 1900, Curt (as he was known to his many friends) came to California in 1959, after an illustrious career in industry. He joined the School of Engineering faculty and taught thermodynamics until 1971, when he retired and moved to Lei-sure World in Orange County. Curt earned his degrees in physics and chemical engineering at the University of Illinois, with final and special honors. His name is in-scribed upon a bronze tablet at the university for superior scholarship, and he was named during his lifetime to numerous honorary and professional fraternities. His name appears on more than 100 patents, one of the best known of which was the design of the disposable vacuum cleaner bag for the Hoover Company. Curt was a talented storyteller, an avid bridge player, and in his retirement years at Leisure World was known for his prowess as a shuffleboard player. He leaves his wife of 58 years, Margaret (Peggy); a son, Charles Curtis Coons, Jr., and his wife; two grandchildren and a great-grand-child.
The Emeritimes, Winter 1988
OLIVE GUSTAFSON, wife of Emeritus Professor George Gustafson, died November 14, 1987 of a massive stroke. Interment was at Rose Hills Memorial Park in Whittier. Mrs. Gustafson was actively involved in events which took place in the Accounting Department of the School of Business and Economics, and was well known to students and faculty. Besides her husband, she is survived by a sister and two brothers.
The Emeritimes, Winter 1988
ROLAND ROSS, Emeritus Professor of Nature Study, died at his home on May 28, 1987. He was 90, and had been in declining health for some time. Professor Ross devoted his entire life to the holistic study of nature. He earned a B.S. degree with honors at ULCA and an M.S. degree in geology and paleontology at Cal Tech. He also studied meteorology, a subject he taught to bomber pilots during World War II. After teaching for a number of years in the Los Angeles City Schools, he turned to college teaching and joined the Cal State L.A. faculty in 1950. He retired in 1967, turning to cultivating a dry garden at his Pasadena home, the Dear-born Ranch House. Professor Ross was the founder of the Desomount Club, for which he conducted nature study trips into the wilderness. The club held a memorial service for him in Pasadena's Arroyo Seco, a place he had known, loved, and fought to preserve in its natural state since his childhood.
The Emeritimes, Winter 1988
DEAN A. ANDERSON, Emeritus Professor of Microbiology who served on the University faculty from 1950 until his retirement in 1973, died December 25, 1987. He is survived by this wife, Elgin, a daughter and a son. Dean earned degrees from BYU (B.S.) and Iowa State (M.S. and Ph.D.). Prior to coming to Cal State L.A., his professional experience included positions as Research Associate at Iowa State, Public Health Microbiologist in Ogden, Utah, and Assistant Professor at Weber State University. As founding chairman of the Department of Microbiology and Public Health, Dean was responsible for the establishment of the Microbiology, Medical Technology, and Public Health majors at the University. He also was a member of a writing team which produced a laboratory manual for high school biological sciences for the National Science Foundation, and also authored a textbook and lab manual for microbiological study. In addition to his teaching and writing, Dean was active in administration at Cal State, serving as chairman of the Division of Science and Mathematics, and also as head of the Biological Sciences. He was president of the Southern California Branch of the American Society of Microbiology.
The Emeritimes, Spring1988
JEROME A. HUTTO, Emeritus Professor of Education, died January 12, 1988 at the Huntington Memorial Hospital in Pasadena. A memorial service was held January 17 at Santa Anita Church, Arcadia. Jerry joined the Elementary Education Department faculty at Cal State L.A. in 1960, specializing in the teacher training program. He retired in 1979. He received his A.B. degree at St. Norbert College (Wis.), then prepared for his career in education by earning his M.A. in Public School Administration and Supervision at Minnesota and his D. Ed. degree in Elementary Education at UC Berkeley. Jerry started his teaching career in Green Bay, Wis., school system. He served in the U.S. Army for three years during World War II, a major position of the time in the Adjutant General Section of the 3rd Army Headquarters. Jerry's community activities included the Veterans of Foreign Wars (post commander), the Green Bay Community Theatre Group, the Green Bay Congressional Church Nursery School, and the Green Bay Credit Union. A resident of San Marino, Jerry is survived by his wife, Clare, and two daughters, Catherine Gordon and Eileen Hutto.
The Emeritimes, Spring1988
HELEN B. TRUHER, Emeritus Professor of Education, died January 9, 1988 after an extended period of declining health. She was 77. Born in Wisconsin, Helen was 9 when her family came to California and settled in Monrovia. At the time of her death, she resided in South Pasadena with her husband, James W. Truher, Sr. Helen earned her bachelor's degree in English as a member of the first graduating class at the Westwood cam-pus of UCLA in 1932. While rearing her three sons (James, Jr., John, and Michael), Helen taught in the Pasadena public schools and continued her education at USC, where she earned her doctorate in education in 1961. Helen began teaching at Cal State, L.A. in 1960, where her 18 years of distinguished service was recognized with the presentation by her fellow faculty members the Outstanding Professor Award in the year of her retirement, 1978. She had a lifelong interest in the teaching of reading, and designed the Reading Specialist Credential Pro-gram at Cal State L.A. Helen also represented the University on the Governor's Commission on Teacher Preparation. She was a member of the honorary professional education fraternity Pi Lambda Theta, and also Phi Delta Kappa and Delta Kappa Gamma.
The Emeritimes, Spring1988
HENRI COULETTE, Professor of English and member of the Cal State L.A. faculty since 1959, died March 26, 1988. A memorial service was held on campus on April 19. A talented and prolific writer, Henri was often referred to as "the best native California poet since Robert Frost." At the time of his death, he was at work on assembling a collection of his old and recent poetic work. Holder of a BA degree from Cal State L.A., he pursued graduate study at the University of Iowa, where he was awarded MFA and Ph.D. degrees. He was the recipient of the Outstanding Professor Award at the University in 1970. Henri served for a number of years as faculty advisor to the campus literary magazine, Statement. He was Associate Chair of the Department of English during the 1974-75 academic year.
The Emeritimes, Spring1988
EMANUEL C. SALEMI, Emeritus Professor of Management, died February 12, 1988. Manny joined the Cal State L.A. faculty in 1960, where he taught in the Department of Management until his retirement in 1980. He pioneered in teaching about the ethical responsibilities of business to society. During his tenure, he served for a period as chairman of his department and rep-resented the School of Business and Economics in the Academic Senate. Manny had a career with Bethlehem Steel before he was called to serve in the Armed Forces during World War II. Wounded in Germany, he returned to school after the war, attending the University of Buffalo (B.S., 1951) and the University of Wisconsin (M.B.A., 1952 and Ph.D., 1958). He taught at the Universities of Wisconsin and Illinois before corning to Cal State L.A. Manny met his wife, Lois, while doing research in the University Library. Upon his retirement, the couple moved to Laguna Niguel Shores, where they became active in social and civic affairs. Manny served as President of the Men's Club, Commander of the Coast Guard Flotilla #22, the Winner's Circle, and the South Coast Hospital.
The Emeritimes, Spring1988
PAUL T. SCOTT, Emeritus Professor of Journalism and a founding member of the University's Department of Journalism, died March 13, 1988 after an extended illness. He was 83 and had resided in Santa Barbara since his retirement in 1970. Born in Indiana and reared in Illinois, Paul earned his B.A. degree at Indiana and his M.A. at Iowa. He continued with doctoral study at USC. He was a member of Phi Beta Kappa and Sigma Delta Chi and was listed in Who's Who in America in 1954-55. Paul taught journalism in the Philip-pines at Ft. Hayes (Kansas) State College, South Dakota State College and the University of Idaho before coming to Cal State L.A. in 1950. During World War II he taught geography to officer candidates. Paul was a leader of the group which developed the degree program in journalism at the then-named Los Angeles State College in the early 50s. He is well remembered by many of his former students for his tough course on law and the media, dealing with libel, slander and the like. Paul and his wife, Beryl, were ardent travelers until his health began to de-cline several years ago. Two of his other interests were growing roses and singing in his church choir. Besides his wife, he is survived by a son, Kevin, a daughter, Paula, and two grandchildren.
The Emeritimes, Spring1988
BERNARD E. WARNER, Emeritus Professor of Health and Safety Studies, died February 14, 1988. He and his wife, Beverly, have resided in Cambria Pines, CA, since their retirement in 1975. A native of Ohio, where he was born in 1911, Bernie spent his entire life as a teacher and administrator in physical education, health and athletics. He held degrees from Bowling Green State University (B.S. in Ed.), Ohio State (M.A.) and USC (Ed.D. 1954). Bernie spent six years as an administrator in the Ohio public schools, two years as a naval gunnery instructor in World War II, a year as an instructor in health and physical education at Ohio State, three years as a training officer with the VA, and three years in the Arizona public schools before coming to California in 1949 to begin doctoral study at USC. He joined the Cal State L.A. faculty as an assistant professor in 1952. Bernie was active professionally, hold-ing offices and receiving awards of recognition from the American Association of Health, Physical Education and Recreation. He was a long-time member of the Lions Club and the Masonic Lodge. In retirement, Bernie was active in improving medical services in Cambria, being instrumental in obtaining funding for the community's first modern ambulance. In addition to his wife, Beverly, he is survived by two daughters and a son by a previous marriage.
The Emeritimes, Spring1988
JOHN NIEDERHAUSER, Emeritus Professor of Education, died February 17, 1989. He resided in Upland, and had been retired from his post in the School of Education since June, 1979. He was 78. Professor Niederhauser came to Cal State L.A. in 1961 to serve as Assistant Dean of Student Personnel, in charge of Admissions and Records. After several years in this position, he joined the School of Education faculty to teach in his specialty of Educational Administration. He served a term as Chair of Department of Educational Administration, and represented his School in the Academic Senate, serving as Chair of that body in 1971-72. Dr. Niederhauser pursued his undergraduate studies at Heidelberg College in Ohio and earned his master's and doctor's degrees in education at Ohio State University. He served as a teacher and administrator in the Ohio schools, including five years as superintendent of Canton City Schools. He served during World War II as a naval air navigator. In addition to his wife, Eleanor, John is survived by a daughter, a granddaughter and a sister.
The Emeritimes, Spring1989
THEODORE W. LITTLE, Emeritus Professor of Art, who was a member of the University faculty from 1950 until his retirement in 1981, died January 11, 1989. A lover of art and nature, Ted's special interest area was design, the field in which he did most of his teaching at the University. His reputation in this specialty led to his working with the California State Fair as a designer. Ted served as Chair of the Art Department for the final five years of active service at Cal State L.A. He is survived by his wife, Pat, a brother, and three nieces.
The Emeritimes, Spring1989
JESSE B. ALLEN, who taught Marketing in the School of Business from 1958 until he transferred to Humboldt State University in the early 1970's, died in Eureka, CA on March 5, 1989. He was 74. A genial, well-liked person, Jesse was active in campus affairs while at Cal State L.A. After moving to Humboldt, he was chosen as the Dean of the School of Business there.
The Emeritimes, Spring1989
ADAM E. DIEHL, Emeritus Professor of Education and Director of Audiovisual Services at Cal State L.A. from 1955 until his retirement in 1970, died February 20, 1989. He resided in Hollywood. A native of Pennsylvania, Adam moved as a youth to California, graduated from Hollywood High School, earned his B.A. in Economics at UCLA in 1927 and his M.B.A. at USC in 1930. Later in life (1950), he earned his D.Sc. at Los Angeles College of Optometry. Adam became an instructor in Economics at Los Angeles City College in 1929, and moved to the post of Registrar at LACC in 1937. He served as a naval officer from 1943 to 1945, involved in the instruction of naval personnel at Harvard University and the production in Hollywood of 30 naval training films. Mustered out as a Lieutenant Commander in 1945, Adam returned to LACC as Personnel Director and then as Director of Audiovisual Services and Assistant Dean. Adam moved with the Los Angeles State College faculty and staff from LACC to the present Cal State campus, where he directed the development of the Audiovisual Services, precursor to today's Instructional Media Services. As a member of the School of Education faculty, he directed the instruction of future teachers in the use of audiovisual equipment, a required skill for credentialing of teachers in the 1960's. Surviving Adam is his wife, Margarite, whom he married in 1927, and a son living in Northern California.
The Emeritimes, Spring1989
FRED W. ZAHRT, JR., Emeritus Professor of Technology, died February 20, 1989. He joined the faculty of the Department of Industrial Studies, now known as the Department of Technology, in 1959, where he taught until his retirement in Summer '88. Fred earned his B.A. degree in 1950 at Iowa State Teachers College and his M.A. in 1959 at Los Angeles State College. During his years at the University, he was active in academic affairs, serving on a number of department, school and University committees.
The Emeritimes, Spring1989
MOLIN LEO, Senior Assistant Librarian, who served for 20 years (1963-1983) in the cataloging division of the University Library, died January 14, 1989. He earned his B.A. degree at National Wuhan University in China in 1941 and his Master of Library Science at UC Berkeley in 1963.
The Emeritimes, Spring1989
ALBERT R. (BUD) WISE, Emeritus Professor of Physical Education and Associate Dean, who served as a faculty member and academic administrator at Cal State L.A. for 33 years, died October 23, 1989 following a stroke. He had been troubled by a series of health problems during the latter years of his life. Bud came to Cal State L.A. in 1950 as an assistant professor, assuming the chairmanship of the Men's Physical Education Department, along with teaching and coaching assignments. His coaching duties included baseball, tennis and water polo. In 1955 the men's and women's physical education programs were merged, and Bud was named chairman of the Department of Physical Education, a post he held until 1969. He was promoted to Associate Dean for Graduate Studies in the School of Fine and Applied Arts in 1973 and served in this post until his retirement in 1983. A native of Ohio, Bud earned his B.S. in '47 and his M.A. in '48 at Ohio State, where he participated in athletics as a member of the basketball team. He came to California for his doctoral study, earning his Ed. D. at USC in '52. An avid sportsman both as a spectator and a participant, Bud played golf, as his health would permit, well into his retirement years. A resident of West Covina, he is survived by his wife, Betty, whom he met during his service in the U.S. Army during World War II; his son, Brad, his daughter, Julie and her husband and one grandchild.
The Emeritimes, Winter 1990
RICHARD J. HOFFMAN, Emeritus Professor of Industrial Studies, who developed the program of Graphic Arts and Printing Management at Cal State L.A., died September 25, 1989 following a hospital confinement of about a month. The program he developed, one of only two such degree programs in California, has provided the academic preparation for many of California's leaders in the printing industry. Richard came to Cal State L.A. in 1959 from an academic position at L.A. City College, where he had already established a reputation as one of the outstanding printers in the West. He retired in 1978. Richard earned his B.A. degree as one of seven members of Cal State's first graduating class in 1948, when it was known as L.A. State College. He earned his M.S. degree at USC in 1956. Though he was in declining health, Dick continued active in his chosen profession after retirement, crafting what have generally been judged as some of his most outstanding books and manuscripts. Many were limited edition publications. In an article he wrote about Dick for The Emeritimes in 1985, Emeritus Professor Richard Lillard characterized him as follows: "Both modest and immodest, factual except for final, authoritative judgments, self-reliant, quick with wry humor, ready to laugh at absurdity, happy to confess to admiration for the skill of others, Dick brims with the careful energy of a busy person skilled at concentrating on one thing at a time, yet keeping numerous other projects moving along or firmly in mind." Richard is survived by his wife Ruth, three daughters and a number of grandchildren.
The Emeritimes, Winter 1990
HELEN ZIMNAVODA, Emeritus Associate Professor of Russian, a member of the University faculty from 1958 until her retirement in 1974 as Emeritus Professor of Russian, died last September 12, 1989. In declining health for several years, she had undergone major surgery a year before her death. She was residing with her daughter, Joy, in Redondo Beach at the time of her death. Jestingly referring to herself as a "native of Finland", because Helen was born in 1908 in a section of that country, which was alternately an independent nation and a part of Czarist Russia. She was actually of Russian Jewish descent. She lived as a child in Leningrad and could recount her many rigorous experiences during the Russian Revolution of 1917-18. Helen escaped with her parents to the U.S. in 1918, coming first to Chicago and then to California to join a large colony of Russian emigrants who settled in Boyle Heights. Her father, a physician, continued his practice in America, but her mother, a dentist, did not. Helen earned her B.S. degree at the University of Chicago in 1931 and her M.S. degree at the University of Southern California in 1939. Before joining the Cal State L.A. faculty in 1958, first as a member of the School of Education faculty and then as a teacher of Russian in the Department of Foreign Languages, Helen taught sciences in the junior and senior high schools. Helen was a lover of people, a highly knowledgeable person in a number of academic fields, and a charming and entertaining conversationalist. She traveled extensively throughout the world, making many extended visits to her native Russia. In addition to her daughter, Helen is survived by a son, a stepson and six grandchildren. The Emeritimes, Winter 1990
DAVID LINDSEY, Emeritus Professor of History, a member if the Department of History faculty for 27 years (1956 until 1983), died August 26, 1989, at his Long Beach home. He was 74 years of age. A noted authority on Civil War history, Professor Lindsey was the author of a number of books in his field of study. However, he will be best remembered for his devotion to teaching. He received one of the University's early Outstanding Professor Awards. David received his B.A. at Cornell University in 1936, his M.A. in 1938 at Pennsylvania State University, and his doctorate in 1950 at the University of Chicago. He was an active member of the American Historical Association and the Organization of American Historians. In recognition of his talents, David was recipient of three Fulbright Grants for teaching abroad. A David Lindsey Memorial has been established in his honor at Boys Town, Nebraska. Surviving are his wife, Suzanne, and a son. The Emeritimes, Winter 1990
JAMES J. STANSELL, Professor Emeritus of Speech Communication, died of a massive cardiac arrest on January 8, 1990. One of the founding faculty members of the University and of the Department of Speech and Drama (as Communication Studies was then known), Dr. Stansell served as the Department Chairman for many years, as well as the Chairman of the Division of Language Arts and Dean of Graduate Studies. Born in Ardmore, Oklahoma, on October 29, 1915, Dr. Stansell received his B.A. and M.A. from the University of Oklahoma and served in World War II, where he attained the rank of Captain in the Army. He received his Ph.D. from Louisiana State University in 1951 and was appointed Assistant Professor at Los Angeles State College of Applied Arts and Sciences (as Cal State was then known). In addition to his teaching, committee and administrative accomplishments, Dr. Stansell was the University representative to the International Communications Library, serving in the Middle East in 1957. And in 1965, he was the Chief of the party representing the Department of Health, Education and Welfare in Pakistan. A member of the Speech Communication Association and the Western Speech Communication, Dr. Stansell was also a member of Blue Key, the National Honor Society, and served as its sponsor for a number of years. He retired in 1977. Modest and persuasive, a "man for all seasons", Dr. Stansell contributed a good deal to the community, the Department, and the University. Dr. Stansell served as the first secretary of the Emeriti Association, performing for an extended term of 18 months during 1978 and 1979. He is survived by his wife, Barbara, and son, Jim. --- by Anthony Hillbruner.
The Emeritimes, Spring 1990
RICHARD G. LILLARD, Emeritus Professor of English who served on the faculty from 1965 to 1976, died March 19, 1990 of the complications of a cerebral hemorrhage in a Santa Monica hospital. He was 80. A life-long educator and writer with a strong devotion to the environment, he served as chairman of the Department of English for a major part of his years on the Cal State L.A. faculty. Quoting from the L.A. Times article: "Born in Los Angeles, Richard was a prolific author who expressed in print his interest in Western history, fiction, the Nevada desert and his own home in Beverly Glen Canyon, a patch of verdant wilderness surrounded by the nation's second largest city. In 'My Urban Wilderness in the Hollywood Hills', published in 1983, Lillard told of the mammals, reptiles and insects on the one-third acre that he lovingly tended; of the plants and trees, the swelling buds and the aphids that threatened them. �I both don't belong here and I do', he said of his then 36-year odyssey in the chaparral-covered hill.� Richard earned degrees at Stanford and Montana Universities, later going to the University of Iowa in 1943 to study for his doctorate in American civilization. He taught in Montana, Wyoming and California before returning to his native Los Angeles to join the faculty of Los Angeles City College in 1933. He also taught at Indiana University and UCLA before coming to Cal State L.A. in 1965. In addition to the significant number of books he wrote, he also became an adviser to naturalists and entomologists, a reviewer of books, and a contributor to dozens of magazines. Most recently, he had edited a yet-to-be-published work by G. Harold Powell, "Letters From the Orange Empire." Lillard's honors included Guggenheim and Fulbright awards and a fellowship from the Huntington Library. Last May he was made a fellow of the Historical Society of Southern California for his historical and environmental contributions. In yet another field of endeavor, he served two years in his retirement years as foreman of the Los Angeles County Grand Jury. Lillard served as a Member-at-Large of the Executive Committee of the Emeriti Association from 1983 to 1986. Simultaneously, he served as Associate Editor of the Emeritimes, editing the news material for the "Professional and Personal Doing" column and doing in-depth interview articles about outstanding personalities among University faculty retirees. Survivors include his wife, Louise, and two daughters. A memorial service is being planned for the Summer Quarter at Cal State.
The Emeritimes, Spring 1990
WILLIAM G. (BILL) LEARY, Emeritus Professor of English, who taught at Cal State L.A. for 25 years (1953-78), died May 26, 1990, at his retirement home in La Selva Beach, CA. The report of his death, which appeared in the San Jose Mercury News, was provided for The Emeritimes by Emeritus Professor Marian Wagstaff, who lives in Boulder Creek, CA. William Gordon Leary, 75, a Shakespearean scholar and retired English professor, died Saturday at his La Selva Beach home of cancer. The author of "Shakespeare Plain" an introduction for the general reader to the works of the English playwright and poet, moved to La Selva Beach upon his retirement in 1978 from California State University, Los Angeles. Born in Minneapolis, he moved with his family to Los Angeles in 1922. He attended UCLA in its first years, graduating with a bachelor's degree in 1936 and earning his master's the following year. He received his doctorate in 1952 from Stanford University. As a naval officer during World War II, Mr. Leary served as a ground school instructor at naval air bases across the nation. After the war, he studied law at the University of Chicago. Finding law too practical, his family says, Mr. Leary returned to California to teach English at California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, where he wrote with James S. Smith two college-level English textbooks � "Think Before You Write" and "Thought and Statement." He joined the English faculty at Cal State Los Angeles in 1953 as associate professor and assistant dean for academic affairs. With colleagues there, he developed English-language textbooks for the Harcourt-Brace publishing firm. While at the Los Angeles school, he also developed a local public television series on Shakespeare, and in 1977 published his "Shakespeare Plain." In retirement, Mr. Leary began studying the works of American short story writer and novelist Jean Stafford, and was working on her literary biography at the time of his death. He is survived by his wife, Celia Graves Leary of La Selva Beach; a son, Peter C. Leary of Los Angeles; a daughter, Jan Burland of San Jose; and three grandchildren. The Emeritimes, Fall 1990
RUDOLPH SANDO, Emeritus Professor of Education and Dean of the School of Education. died of a cardiac arrest following surgery for cancer on October 5, 1990. He was 82. Rudy, who has resided in Citrus Heights, near Sacramento, since his retirement in 1973, came to Cal State L.A. as Professor of Secondary Education in 1952 and chairman of his department from 1954 to 1956. He was promoted to Chairman of the Division of Education in 1956, and when the University reorganized its academic program into Schools, he was named Dean of the School of Education. During his 17-year tenure, the School of Education maintained a record as the leader among California colleges and universities in the preparation of credentialed teachers for public elementary and secondary schools. A Minnesotan by birth, Rudy earned degrees at Luther College in Iowa, the Univ. of Montana, and UC Berkeley. He served as a teacher and administrator in the public schools of North Dakota and Montana before coming to California. For ten years following his retirement from Cal State L.A., Rudy served frequently on secondary school accreditation teams for the Western Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools. He is survived by his wife Ruth, sons Robert and Gordon, and two sisters.
The Emeritimes, Winter 1991
JOHN SALMOND, Emeritus Vice President for Administration, who died August 31, 1990, in his retirement home city of Palm Springs, came to what was then known as Los Angeles State College in 1951 as Registrar. During the 29 years he served until his retirement in 1980, John held successively the posts of Associate Dean of Institution, Dean of Instructional Services, Vice President for Business Affairs and, finally Vice President for Administration. A native Californian, John attended the University of Southern California, interrupting his studies in 1942 to spend four years as an officer with the 13th Armored division of the U.S. Army during World War II. He returned to USC after the war to earn his B.A. degree in 1949. John is survived by his wife, Ginny, a son Steve, who lives in Ashland, OR, and a daughter Andrea, who resides in Long Beach.
The Emeritimes, Winter 1991
MICHAEL F. (MIKE) ABBADESSA, long-time member of the staff of the Physical Education Department who was known to many as an organizer and promoter of faculty-staff golf tournaments for the CSEA and the Athletic Department, died October 1, 1990 of cancer at 64 years of age. He had been retired since 1989. Mike was a well-known figure in sports circles throughout Southern California. He served as an official in baseball, basketball and football, from Little League through all college sports.
The Emeritimes, Winter 1991
WALTER (RICO) BURRELL, a Public Affairs Manager who was well known on campus for his outstanding skills as a writer and photographer, has died after an extended illness (Ed. note: as reported in the Winter 1991 issue of The Emeritimes). In addition to his services on the staff of the Office of Public Affairs, Rico was actively involved in the programs in the Department of Music, including the Saturday Conservatory, the Friends of Music, the Extravaganza, and the Bel Canto Singers.
The Emeritimes, Winter 1991
HELEN R. POWELL, Emeritus Professor of Education, died January 19, 1991. In 21 years on the University faculty (1957-1978), Helen played a significant role in the preparation of thousands of California's elementary school teachers as a member of the School of Education faculty. Prior to coming to Cal State L.A., she taught in Duarte, Simi Valley, and Santa Barbara. Helen earned her B.E. in 1940 at UCLA, her M.Ed. in 1952 and her Ed.D. in 1958 at Wayne State. She also was a certified psychologist. In the 1960s, Helen spent two years in Jamaica on an Early Childhood Education project sponsored by the U.S. Department of Education. She also served as a communicator with the Navy in World War II.
The Emeritimes, Spring 1991
RUBEN F. KUGLER, Librarian Emeritus, died January 17, 1991. He came to Cal State L.A. in 1959 and took the first "golden handshake" in 1980. Ruben held a B.A. from UCLA, M.A., Ph.D. and M.S.L.S. degrees from USC. As a Ph.D. in History, he taught classes in History at Cal State in addition to serving on the Library staff. He was active in campus affairs and a strong supporter of the United Professors of California. Off campus, he was active in political affairs, and was one of the founders of California Democratic Council. After retirement, he was active in the Council of Seniors of Long Beach and was an active force in the Long Beach Area Citizens Involved. --- by Mary Gormly.
The Emeritimes, Spring 1991
FERRON C. LOSEE, who joined the faculty in 1949 and became Chairman of the Division of Health and Safety, Physical Education, Recreation and Athletics, died following a heart attack on March 28, 1991. He was 81. Ferron left Cal State in the mid-60's to take the post of President of Dixie College in Utah, from which he had retired sixteen years ago. He was a graduate of BYU and USC.
The Emeritimes, Spring 1991
HARRY D. KERRIGAN, Emeritus Professor of Accounting (1962-74) died in October 1990. For a number of years following his retirement from Cal State L.A., Harry taught at San Diego State.
The Emeritimes, Spring 1991
ALFRED E. EHRHARDT, Emeritus Professor of English who served as Secretary of the University for ten years before his retirement in 1975, died in early July 1991. Al joined the English Department of the then fledgling Los Angeles State College in 1950 when it was sharing the Vermont Avenue campus with L.A. City College. He served as Chairman of the English Department before moving to an administrative post as Assistant Dean of Instruction for Extension Services. When Cal State L.A. underwent a major reorganization from academic divisions to schools, Al was appointed Secretary of the College (later University), the position he held until his retirement in 1975. As Secretary, he served as the unofficial historian of the University. Al earned an A.B. in 1930 at the College of the Holy Cross and an M.S.Ed. in 1948 and Ed.D. in 1950 at the University of Southern California. One of his major interests was his pipe organ, a restored theater instrument which he had shipped from Ohio and around which he planned and built his house in Eagle Rock, according to his friends. When he played, the music filled the entire house.
The Emeritimes, Fall 1991
FRANCIS EVERETTE LORD, Emeritus Professor of Education, died June 13, 1991 at the age of 89 in Rancho Bemardo. Francis was a pioneer in the area of Special Education, and he served as national president of the Council for Exceptional Children. In 1953 he founded the Department of Special Education at Cal State L.A. and continued as its chair until 1965. In addition he began the joint doctoral program in the School of Education. He retired from Cal State L.A. in 1969. Prior to coming to Cal State L.A. Francis, who was born, educated in the Midwest, taught at Eastern Michigan University from 1926 to 1953. He was head of the Department of Special Education there for 13 years. After retiring from Cal State L.A., he taught at the University of Arizona for 10 years. He is survived by his wife Ilda, his son Robert, daughter Margaret Salyards, five grandchildren and two great grandchildren.
The Emeritimes, Fall 1991
JAMES BRIGHT WILSON, Emeritus Professor of Philosophy and Life Member of the Emeriti Association, died on or about April 19, 199Q at the age of 79. James joined the University as a member of the Department of Sociology and Philosophy. When the department was divided, he became the first Professor of Philosophy. He established a scholarship for the best undergraduate student in Philosophy. He retired in 1976. He received a B.A. from Maryville College in 1936, a B.D. from Garrett Biblical Institute in 1939, an M.A. in 1942 and a Ph.D. in 1944 from the University of Southern California. Following retirement he resided in Pomona until he moved to Mt. San Antonio Gardens, a retirement facility in Claremont.
The Emeritimes, Fall 1991
JANICE MAE DUNKELBURG, wife of Emeritus Professor James Dunkelburg, Vice President for Administration and Secretary of the Emeriti Association, died July 31, 1991 after a long illness. She was a long time speech pathologist for the Danbury School in Claremont. Memorial gifts in her honor may be sent to the school, 1700 Danbury Road, Claremont, CA 91711.
The Emeritimes, Fall 1991
ARLENE F. BOCK, Librarian Emerita, died on October 31, 1991. She had been at California State University, Los Angeles from 1961 until her retirement on Nov. 30, 1977. Arlene received a BA from the University of Akron in 1933 and a BSLS in 1940 and an MSLS in 1960 from the University of Southern California. She taught in the Montebello Schools prior to attaining her Master's degree. Arlene joined the library staff as Education Librarian. She then went on to become a Science and Technology Reference Librarian until the time of her retirement. After retirement, Arlene continued to live in the Los Angeles area with her husband, Irving, who survives her.
The Emeritimes, Winter 1992
SEYMOUR L. CHAPIN, Emeritus Professor of History, died on February 3, 1992 at the age of 65 in Los Angeles from heart complications. Seymour came to California State University, Los Angeles in 1962 and was granted Emeritus status in 1986. His childhood was spent in Southern California. He enlisted in the United States Navy in 1944, and saw extensive service in the South Pacific. Following his discharge from the Navy he enrolled at UCLA, graduating in 1951. He went on to graduate school at UCLA, held teaching appointments at UC Santa Barbara and the University of Kansas before coming to Cal State. He was awarded a Ph.D. in History by UCLA in 1964. Seymour was a prolific, internationally known scholar in the history of science, publishing many articles and monographs dealing with the history of astronomy, French science, and the development of pressurized flight. Although a series of heart attacks led to his retirement in 1986, he continued his scholarly activities until the time of his death. He is survived by his wife of 42 years, Donna, and a brother, William F. Chapin.
The Emeritimes, Spring 1992
ELEANORE C. WILSON, Professor Emerita of Elementary Education, died in her sleep August 19, 1991. Eleanore graduated from UCLA, taught in elementary schools and served as principal of an elementary school in Willowbrook. Before leaving public school work to join the faculty of the School of Education at Cal State L.A. in 1956, she was Assistant Superintendent of Curriculum in the Paramount School District. Eleanore retired from Cal State L.A. in 1970, after many years as tireless educator who worked with many groups of people, including serving as Vice President of the Alpha Delta Chapter of Delta Kappa Gamma an education honorary society. She is survived by her husband, C.V. Wilson, now living in El Monte.
The Emeritimes, Spring 1992
CLIFFORD G. DOBSON, Emeritus Professor of Industrial Studies and a former President of the Emeriti Association, died January 7, 1992. He enjoyed a long and illustrious career with the University. Cliff was born in Toronto in 1913 and moved to Los Angeles, where he attended Garfield High School. After receiving an A.A. from the Los Angeles City College, he worked as a printer, went on to teach in Burbank, and attended UCLA part time, obtaining a B.S. degree in 1946, a Master's in 1950, and a Doctorate in 1956. He was appointed that year as the chair of the just-opened Department of Industrial Arts at Los Angeles State College. He guided the department for 17 years, retiring in 1973. During his tenure the department grew into one of the largest of its type in California. At Cal State L.A. Cliff was active in a variety of activities, serving on numerous committees and as a member of the Academic Senate. As an administrator, in addition to his years as Department Chair, he filled the post of Acting Dean of the School of Arts and Sciences in 1960-61. He also was involved in many other professional areas: visiting professor in the UCLA teacher education program, consultant to school districts, secretary-treasurer of the Southern Section of the California Industrial Education Association and its president in 1959-60, member of the Board of Trustees of Rio Hondo Community College for 21 years. After his retirement, Cliff served as the first Vice President of the just formed Emeriti Association and followed that with the Presidency in 1979-80. He is survived by his wife, Delpha, and two sons, Bruce and Dale.
The Emeritimes, Spring 1992
ELEANOR M. TWEEDIE, Professor Emerita of English, for many years Assistant to the Vice President for Academic Affairs, died in Pasadena February 24, 1992 after an extended illness. Eleanor came to California State University, Los Angeles in 1968 as an Assistant Professor of English. She was born in upper New York State and attended universities there. She received a B.A. from the State University of New York, Albany in 1952, a M.A., also from SUNY, Albany, in 1953, and a Ph.D. from Cornell University in 1971. Her teaching specialty was the age of Marlowe and Johnson and the dramatic writers of the sixteenth century, which included a seminar on "The Hero-Villain in Elizabethan Tragedy". Eleanor was very active in Departmental, School and University affairs, having served on numerous committees and as a member of the Academic Senate. In 1974 she was appointed Assistant to the Vice President for Academic Affairs, a position which she held until 1981. During her tenure there, as the Administration's representative to the then Faculty Affairs Committee, she contributed greatly to the development of faculty policy and procedures, and also authored the University's first affirmative action document. In 1991, due to poor health, she took early retirement, but under FERP continued to teach to the extent that her health permitted.
The Emeritimes, Spring 1992
ALBERT D. GRAVES, President 1962-63, one of the pioneers in the building of California State University, Los Angeles, into a major educational institution, died last February 16, 1992 in Cupertino, CA, from pulmonary arrest. Dr. Graves was a member of a small team of educational administrators, led by Dr. Howard McDonald, who developed a complex college curriculum, put together a faculty of able teachers, and built an entire new campus to house classes and laboratories in the years following World War II. Dr. Graves attended Stanford University, from which he received his B.A., M.A., and Doctor of Education degrees. His early education experience included serving as Principal, Director of Special Education, Assistant Superintendent and Superintendent of Schools in San Bernardino from 1928 to 1941. He served as Associate Superintendent of the School in San Francisco for six years (1941-47), then moved to Humboldt State College as Professor of Education and Coordinator of Secondary Teacher Education. Dr. Graves came to Cal State L.A. in 1951, arriving at the time of great growth in the college, to serve first as Dean of Instruction and then as Dean of the College. He assumed the Presidency upon Dr. McDonald's retirement in 1962, holding the post only one year before retiring in 1963. During his 12 years at Cal State, Dr. Graves exercised strong leadership in its development, particularly in the academic structuring of the institution. As an education leader, he was a member of many professional and civic groups, serving on the California Junior College Accreditation Commission, as Vice President of the Southern California Council of Economic Education, and on the Education Advisory Committee of Community Television of Southern California. Dr. Graves is survived by his wife, Thelma, who taught and served as head of the Department of Home Economics at Cal State and retired as an Emeritus Professor when her husband retired.
The Emeritimes, Fall 1992
ESTHER ANDREAS ANDERSON, Emerita Professor of Music, who retired from California State University, Los Angeles, in 1973 after seventeen years as a member of the Department of Music faculty, died on February 7, 1992. She was an eminent voice teacher who, in addition to her activities at Cal State, taught voice and conducted the opera workshop at Pepperdine University and taught classes at Ambassador College, USC, and Claremont. Many internationally known singers, including Carol Neblett, formerly with the Metropolitan, had studied with her. She also taught numerous church soloists, voice teachers, and choral directors who performed in the Los Angeles area. She was co-author of The Voice of Singing , a book for beginning voice classes. Esther's life reads like a book of fiction. She grew up in Berkeley and graduated from UC Berkeley with a major in Music. She began as a pianist, obtaining a position as an accompanist to a prominent voice teacher in San Francisco, and began taking singing lessons from that teacher. Pierre Monteux, the famous San Francisco conductor, heard her sing and, as a protégé of his, she went to Europe to study voice and became a prima donna in Zurich, singing Wagnerian roles. Esther was in Paris when the Germans occupied the city, but through the intervention of a German general was able to escape to Switzerland and eventually returned to the United States. After concerts in New York, she became a big success in this country, but an illness put an end to her singing career. However, Esther had an uncanny ability to know what a student's capability was and how to obtain results; she thus became one of the great voice teachers. Esther died at the Alhambra Lutheran Home. She named the Cal State L.A. Department of Music as a beneficiary. A memorial service was held on August 30, 1992.
The Emeritimes, Fall 1992
CATHARINE PHILLIPS FELS, Professor of Art at Cal State L.A. from 1970 to 1978, died August 26, 1991, in Taos, NM, where she had made her home since retiring. Cathy was recovering from cancer when she had a heart attack. She is survived by a daughter, Dr. Margery (Mrs. McDougall) Palmer, and a grand-daughter, Abigail Palmer. Catharine was born in Kirksville, MO, in 1912. She attended UC Berkeley and finished her BFA at USC, where she also earned an MFA in Graphics in 1950. She first came to Cal State in 1968 as a part-timer and joined full-time faculty in 1970. Cathy and her husband, Lenny, were extremely fond of the American Southwest and the Near East. They traveled throughout these areas and Mexico. She became particularly noted for her Southwest landscapes and her depictions of little known architectural antiquities from Turkey and the Balkan countries. While teaching at Cal State, Cathy was active in art and philosophy associations. She helped establish a Los Angeles chapter of Artists Equity. For three years prior to retirement she was a partner in NuMasters Art Gallery in Alhambra, which focused on prints and folk art. Cathy moved to Taos following her husband's death and, true to her nature, immediately became involved in community affairs. She started a Taos chapter of Artists Equity and initiated a local radio program about art. She spent some part of each winter working in the Yucatan.
The Emeritimes, Fall 1992
ERNEST R. KAMM, Professor of Criminal Justice, who started teaching in 1961 at what was at the time Los Angeles State College, died suddenly in May 1992 of a heart ailment. During his long tenure at California State University, Los Angeles, he was instrumental in the development of the Department of Police Science into the Department of Criminal Justice, and at the same time taking on responsibilities in all areas of University life. When he started teaching at Cal State he was Los Angeles County Deputy Probation Officer, a position that he left to become a full-time member of the faculty. Over the years Ernest played a leadership role in the area of curriculum development. While Chair from 1969 to 1980, he guided his department's growth and the modification and changes in the program and course offerings necessary to meet the needs of the criminal justice community. He was highly regarded as a teacher and as an administrator. In the latter role he strove to recruit highly qualified faculty, not only to teach the fundamentals of the discipline but also for the increasingly important areas relating to the forensic subjects in the department's program. Professor Kamm's professional stature was such that in 1987 he was appointed by Governor Deukmejian as the Governor's representative and trustee to the Presley Institute, an advisory body that oversees the functions of many activities, including those of criminal justice. From 1985 to 1990 he served on the Professional Advisement Committee to the Los Angeles Police Department. From 1970 to 1990 he was an active member of the reserve component of the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department, retiring with the rank of Reserve Captain. At the University his contributions were numerous. He served on every department and school committee and on major University committees. Recently he had served as Director of the Center for Criminal Justice Studies and continued to be involved in this area up to the time of his death. He is survived by his wife Shirley.
The Emeritimes, Fall 1992
JOHN C. NORBY, Professor of Economics, who came to California State College when it was located on Vermont Avenue, passed away at his home in Langley on Whidbey Island, WA, on July 3, 1992 of lung cancer. John was born in Spokane in 1913 and married Isabel S. Clemen in 1939. His early college work was done in Washington. He obtained a B.A. in Education at Eastern Washington College of Education in 1936, then a B.S. in Zoology in 1939 from the University of Washington and taught this in high schools. He turned to Economics after World War II, earning an M.A. in 1948 and completing the Ph.D. in 1953, both from the University of Minnesota. In 1950, when John arrived at Los Angeles State College, it was a fledgling institution, its schools and departments just being formed. The areas of Business and Economics were being developed by Floyd R. Simpson, who had arrived two years earlier. John and Leonard Mathy formed the nucleus of the Department of Economics and were instrumental in establishing its curriculum and its character. John served as department chair from 1964 to 1969 and was a member of the College Foundation Board of Trustees in 1970. Very skillful in personnel matters, John was sensitive to the needs of faculty that are necessary for the success of a department; he always tried to "sweeten the pot" (a favorite expression) for all concerned. He and Professor Don Moore carried out feasibility studies on savings and loan associations which were presented to the Savings and Loan Commission. In 1975 John took early retirement, and the Norbys settled in Langley, where in the ensuing years they became involved in many community projects. They helped in the development of the Langley Library and worked with the South Langley Good Cheer Thrift Shop. John served in the Volunteer Fire Department and was a member of the Useless Bay Golf and Country Club (this led to his often remarking to friends that he was thinking of starting a University there: Useless U!). Surviving are Isabel, his wife of 50 years, two sons, three daughters and eight grandchildren. Memorial services were held in Langley.
The Emeritimes, Fall 1992
BURTON HENRY, Emeritus Professor of Education, succumbed to cancer of the pancreas in May 1992, according to a message received recently from his wife, Lucille. The Henrys had lived in Temecula, CA, for most of their years of retirement. Burt joined the School of Education faculty in 1952 and retired in 1979. He received his B.A. degree at Harvard and his M.Ed. and Ph.D. degrees from USC. He was a person of tremendous energy, leaving his mark at the University in such diverse areas as scholarship, community relations and athletics. His work in urban education inspired students to work in inner city schools, especially during the era of the "Watts Riots." The Los Angeles County Commission on Human Relations gave Burt their Outstanding Citizens Award.
The Emeritimes, Fall 1992
VERNON L. KIKER, JR., Emeritus Professor of Psychology, a recent addition to the ranks of Emeriti Professors, died in his sleep on August 3, 1992 after a long illness. He retired in the Fall of 1991, after almost 30 years at the University. Dr. Kiker came to Cal State L.A. in 1962, a year after completing his Ph.D. in Psychology at Ohio State University. Born in Wetumka, OK, in 1926, he did his prior college work at Oklahoma State University, where he earned a B.S. in 1948 and an M.S. in 1954. Professor Kiker taught a broad range of subjects during his extended tenure on faculty. One of his teaching strengths was the identification and preparation of potential graduate students. His research interests included the History of Psychology. He authored, presented at professional meetings, and published a number of papers. Vernon served on dozens of committees and was a faculty advisor to undergraduate and graduate students. He involved students in his research and contributed both time and money to upgrading equipment for their use. A memorial service was held on August 6, after which his body was flown to Oklahoma for internment.
The Emeritimes, Fall 1992
FRED H. MARCUS, Professor of English, came to California State University in 1955. He received his Ph.D. degree from New York University. Although he retired from Cal State in 1985, he continued to teach as part of the Faculty Early Retirement Program until his death recently (Ed.: 1992). Fred was highly regarded as a teacher, having received an Outstanding Professor Award in 1968. He developed and taught courses on film, such as "The English Novel on Film" and "Analyzing Children's Films," and "Short Stories Adapted to Short Film." He also taught literature and writing courses. His film courses were highly regarded, and he was instrumental in establishing these courses as a part of the General Education Program. Professor Marcus presented many papers and lectures, and published a number of articles dealing with, among others, Hawthorne, Hemingway, Salinger, Paton and Gaines. But his primary contributions related to film, the relationship between literature and film, and its uses in the classroom. He either wrote or edited numerous books and also served as a consultant on many films. During his long tenure at Cal State, Fred served on dozens of committees at all levels and was a member of the Academic Senate. Among the administrative positions he held were Director of Curriculum Planning, Acting Vice President for Academic Affairs, and Head of Project Head Start at Cal State L.A. He is survived by two sons; his wife passed away several years ago.
The Emeritimes, Fall 1992
JOHN A. GREENLEEwas born in Richland, Iowa, on Sept. 7, 1911, the only child of Martha and John Greenlee. After graduating from high school at 15, he attended Parsons College for two years, then transferred to the University of Iowa where he received a bachelor's degree in 1930, a master's in 1931, and a Ph.D. in 1934. While engaged in postdoctoral study at the Universities of Chicago, Iowa, and California during summers, he also was a social science instructor, high school principal and community college dean in Emmetsburg, Iowa, from 1934 to 1940. In 1940, he joined the faculty of Iowa State College and spent 19 years as an administrator and teacher of government and history. (He took three years off during World War II to serve as an officer in the U.S. Navy, for which he was awarded a Bronze Star.) He left Iowa State in 1959 to become Director of Personnel and Training for Engineers at Collins Radio Co. in Cedar Rapids, Iowa. From there he came to Cal State L.A. in 1965 as Vice President of Academic Affairs. He became President of the University in 1966 and served until his retirement in 1979. A member of numerous national organizations and national honor societies, including Phi Kappa Phi, Phi Delta Kappa, Alpha Kappa Psi, and Beta Gamma Sigma, he was listed in Who's Who in America and was a member of the U.S Naval Reserve, from which he retired as a Commander. After retiring from Cal State L.A., he was a consultant in higher education and also assisted in the establishment of Lutheran-sponsored Christ College in Irvine, CA, which conferred upon him an honorary LI.D. He was 81 years of age at the time of his death on Nov. 23, 1992. He is survived by his widow, Lillian, whom he married in 1955. Mrs. Greenlee continues to reside in South Pasadena, where the couple had made their home since coming to California in 1965.
The Emeritimes, Winter 1993
JOHN ALDEN GREENLEE, President of the University, 1966-1979 - A Tribute by Bill Lloyd.
There is a postulate offered by some political scientists that the people of a democracy will select persons best qualified to lead them at any given time. If there be truth in this idea, and if it can be applied to the selection of a college president, the choice of John A. Greenlee as President of California State College at Los Angeles in 1966 could be cited as supporting evidence of that idea. John Greenlee came to Cal State L.A. in Fall 1965 as Vice President of Academic Affairs. The College, then in its 18th year, was still growing, with a student body of 15,000 that was increasing at an average rate of 1,000 students per year. In the area of academic affairs, it was a time of ongoing, nationwide searches for new faculty members, added classes in almost every discipline, and new courses and degree programs. The campus had outgrown its new physical facilities, and the shortage of adequate parking spaces had become a major problem. Immediately upon taking office, Vice President Greenlee became involved in converting the campus to year-round operation and adopting the curriculum from the semester system to the quarter system. The entire faculty and many staff employees were involved in this major undertaking. All of this major academic restructuring meant that the new vice president received an immediate, in-depth indoctrination into the academic affairs of the College and was able to contribute a few ideas of his own. But his full-time involvement in academic affairs, which he was to say later represented his most enjoyable times at Cal State L.A., came to an end prematurely when then-President Franklyn Johnson suddenly resigned late in the year. Dr. Greenlee was appointed Acting President but fully expected to return to his post as vice president by Fall 1966. However, the Trustees of the CSU selected him as the new president, although he reportedly had not applied for the position, and he accepted. In his 13 years (1966-79) as President, Dr. Greenlee led the campus through a second major phase of maturation. During his first year as President, the conversion to the quarter system and year-round operation were completed, a task that involved winning a budget-cutting battle with the state legislature and the governor, in which he enlisted student help in getting adequate budgetary support to accomplish the conversion. Early on, Dr. Greenlee began what he described as an "urban thrust" for the campus, in which he "turned the campus around to face its community" and enlisted faculty and student help in improving relations with secondary schools, assessing the educational needs of prospective students, and adjusting class scheduling and course offerings to best serve student needs. In academic matters, he consulted the faculty and its Academic Senate for in-depth study and recommendations. His collegial relationship with the faculty and the Senate during his administration was often praised. As the campus' enrollment continued to grow toward its ultimate high of more than 25,000, President Greenlee became deeply involved in all aspects of a second round of major construction. For an outlay of $75 million, the campus' physical facilities were doubled with the construction of the Administration Tower, a second building for the JFK Library, major additions to the Engineering and Technology building, and the new Physical Sciences and Simpson Tower buildings. Also added was a gigantic parking lot north of campus to accommodate the growing numbers of commuting students. Recognizing the campus' need to expand its ties with the outside world, Dr. Greenlee established the offices of University Development and Alumni Affairs. Mid-way through his tenure as President (1972), the California State Colleges (CSC) became The California State Universities and Colleges (CSUC), and our campus became California State University at Los Angeles (the word "at" was later replaced by a comma), an action that greatly pleased him. From those who knew and worked with him, Dr. Greenlee earned the highest marks as a university administrator, as evidenced by the impressive scope and number of state and city leaders, in addition to faculty, staff, students, and alumni, who praised his accomplishments highly at his retirement banquet. Everyone with whom you talk about John Greenlee describes him with such simple words as "calm," "cool, "relaxed," "never irritated," "easy to talk with," and "a patient listener." He always seemed able to deal with any issue�large or small�that was placed before him. As one top university administrator put it, "he seemed always to know more about the subject I came to discuss with him than I did, even in the academic area I headed.� Perhaps it was because he was an assiduous reader who could be observed through the open door to his office deeply engrossed at his countertop desk, literally absorbing the contents of stacks of memoranda, reports, and other materials. With his vast knowledge, he never hesitated to make decisions about tough issues when they were presented. During his entire life as a teacher and administrator, John Greenlee devoted his efforts to promoting excellence in education. His contributions toward that objective will forever be a part of California State University, Los Angeles.
The Emeritimes, Winter 1993
FRANCESCA (KIKI) ALEXANDER, Emerita Professor of Sociology, died on October 11, 1992, a few days short of her 66th birthday, losing a valiant battle against cancer. Memorial services were held on October 14 at St. Mary's Episcopal Church, Mar Visa, with many faculty members in attendance. Kiki joined the Cal State L.A. faculty in 1964 as an assistant professor of sociology, following a career in the aerospace industry as a technical writer and human factors analyst. She earned bachelor's and master's degrees at the University of Chicago and a Ph.D. at the University of Southern California. Her specializations within sociology included statistical analysis of research data, social psychology, gerontology, and medical sociology, in which she developed and taught the course in our program. Her courses�from general education to graduate level�reflect her scholarship in all these areas, as do her many publications, addresses, and consultantships. Her academic record in teaching and research is matched by her record of service to the University. Following appointments to numerous department and school commit-tees, Kiki chaired the university-level Faculty Policy Committee and worked diligently to achieve reconciliation of pre-existing campus policies and procedures with the system wide collective bargaining agreement. She served thereafter as president of the campus CFA chapter, campus academic senator, system wide CFA secretary, and system wide academic senator. In all these capacities, she was noted for her sensitivity and integrity. Beyond the campus community, Kiki "lived" sociology through volunteer work with both church and civic groups devoted to meeting needs of the poor, troubled youth, battered women, and the elderly. She also held memberships in national and regional sociology associations and presented papers at major meetings. Kiki maintained a lifelong interest in psychoanalysis. In addition to its relevance to her work in medical sociology and social psychology, her interest was motivated by her father's pioneering work in psychoanalysis, first in Germany and later in the United States, to which her family had immigrated when Kiki was three. Over the years after his death, Kiki gathered and organized Dr. Franz Alexander's papers, letters, films, and tapes and arranged for their use in an authorized biography of which she had planned to be a coauthor. The Franz Alexander biography will not be written solely by Dr. George H. Pollock, a past president of the American Psychiatric Association, with appropriate attributions to Francesca. Francesca Alexander is survived by her husband, Jacob Levine, a retired Los Angeles County probation administrator, and their son, Alexander Levine, a Ph.D. candidate in physics at UCLA.
The Emeritimes, Winter 1993
DAN CAPPA, Emeritus Professor of Education, came to Cal State L.A. to chair the (then) Department of Elementary Education in 1959. One of the pioneers in the School of Education, he died of pneumonia some time ago. Dr. Cappa earned his bachelor's degree at Central Washington State College in 1937, a master's degree at the University of Washington in 1945, and a Ph.D. in Education from UC Berkeley in 1953. Before coming to Cal State L.A., he was an elementary school principal and a curriculum director in a county in Northern California. He specialized in reading and social studies in the elementary curriculum. He is survived by a daughter.
The Emeritimes, Winter 1993
CARO C. HATCHER, Emerita Professor of Education who taught at Cal State L.A. from 1955 to 1972, died recently after a long, distinguished career. (Ed.: death reported in the Winter 1993 issue of The Emeritimes). Among her many accomplishments was the founding of Cal State L.A.'s (then) Department of Special Education (with Dr. Francis Lord) and of a program in education for individuals with physical handicaps. She was known for her work with spastic children, and she helped establish a residency program for adults. Dr. Hatcher earned a B.S. degree in 1925 at East Central Teachers College, an M.S. in 1933 from Oklahoma A&M, and an Ed.D. in 1950 at the University of Denver. She was awarded a Certificate of Clinical Competence in Speech from the American Speech and Hearing Association in 1955 and became a Licensed Psychologist in California in 1959. She was a Fulbright Scholar in Denmark and received the campus' Outstanding Professor Award (OPA) for the 1969-70 academic year. After her retirement from Cal State L.A., Dr. Hatcher continued to work as a psychologist. Her work goes on through the programs she established.
The Emeritimes, Winter 1993
LEONARD F. HEATH, Emeritus Professor of Art, died in late October 1992. He had taught on campus for 30 years�from 1956 until his retirement in 1986, and was highly regarded for his mastery as a sculptor and his skill and dedication as a teacher. Dr. Heath grew up in Los Angeles and earned BFA (1950), MFA (1951), and Ed.D. degrees (1963) at USC. While at Cal State L.A., he was active in University affairs at all levels, representing his school on the Academic Senate for many years and serving on the University Beautification Committee and its subcommittee for placement of art works on campus. He also developed plans for two sculpture gardens for the campus. For his extensive, varied service, he received the campus' Outstanding Professor Award (OPA) in 1973-74. He traveled extensively, visiting the Far East, Central and South America and Russia, including Siberia and Mongolia. Very active in his field, he served on the boards of directors of the Downey Museum and the Pasadena Society of Artists and participated in the USC Postdoctoral Colloquium. His sculpture was exhibited regularly (many will remember his several pieces that were on display in the Maryann C. Moore Conference Room, Admin. 317, for several years), and he was a frequent jurist for art exhibits. He edited a book, Form and Style, that was published by Houghton Mifflin. He is survived by his wife Diane and a young daughter.
The Emeritimes, Winter 1993
RAY F. MARSH, Counselor Emeritus, whose tenure at Cal State L.A. spanned 23 years�from 1955 until 1978�died of cancer last September 1, 1992 in Utah. During his long employment, he contributed greatly to the advancement of the campus' counseling and advising services. Ray came to California after graduating from high school in his native Utah. After studying music, working as foreign sales supervisor for Max Factor in Central America and the Caribbean, and spending more than five years on the personal staff of the late Howard Hughes, he resumed his education and earned bachelor's (1955) and master's (1958) degrees at USC. He first became Registrar at Cal State L.A., then Associate Dean of Admissions and Records. Later he was promoted to Professor in the Counseling Center. He also taught part time in the School of Business and Economics. His wife, Myrtle, preceded him in death in 1985. He is survived by a daughter, a son, a brother, four sisters, and 10 grandchildren.
The Emeritimes, Winter 1993
DOROTHY R. PECKHAM, Emerita Professor of Education and a language arts specialist, died recently of age-related problems (Ed.: death reported in the Winter 1993 issue of The Emeritimes). . Dr. Peckham earned an A.B. in 1932, an M.A. in 1933, and a doctorate in education in 1948, all at the University of Texas. A founding member of Delta Kappa Gamma, a national honor society for education, at the University of Texas, she taught at Cal State L.A. from 1950 until her retirement in 1972. She is survived by a daughter.
The Emeritimes, Winter 1993
MARY A. BANY(Education, 1955-1974), died in Redmond, OR, on Feb. 25, 1993. A Cal State L.A. graduate (with a master's degree in Education�School Administration), she earned a bachelor's degree at the University of Oregon and an Ed.D. at USC. Before coming to Cal State L.A., she taught elementary and secondary classes in Salem, OR, and locally in Alhambra. She chaired the University's [then] Department of Elementary Education and had a reputation as an outstanding teacher, speaker, author, and specialist in social psychology and its application to education. In addition to making notable contributions to teachers and administrators both in classes and in state and federal grant-supported government projects, she published widely. College textbooks she coauthored include Classroom Group Be
|
|||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 93
|
https://www.eonline.com/news/1005468/sag-awards-2019-winners-the-complete-list
|
en
|
2019 SAG Awards Winners
|
[
"https://akns-images.eonline.com/eol_images/Entire_Site/2019027/rs_1024x759-190127190427-1024-black-panther-awards-winner.jpg?fit=around%7C1024:759&output-quality=90&crop=1024:759;center,top 1x, https://akns-images.eonline.com/eol_images/Entire_Site/2019027/rs_1024x759-190127190427-1024-black-panther-awards-winner.jpg?fit=around%7C1024:759&output-quality=90&crop=1024:759;center,top 2x"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Johnni Macke"
] |
2019-01-27T22:47:00+00:00
|
See which stars took home the big awards at this year's Screen Actors Guild Awards
|
/images/icon.png
|
E! Online
|
https://www.eonline.com/news/1005468/sag-awards-2019-winners-the-complete-list
|
Tonight's the night...the actors have spoken!
Unlike the award shows that have come before them, and the ones that will happen next, the Screen Actors Guild Awards is all about the actors.
We know that all awards shows are about the celebrities or the talent, but the SAG Awards are awarded by the actors themselves to their peers, so there's a whole different level of prestige when winning one of these trophies.
Tonight actors from both film and television arrived at the Shrine Auditorium and Expo Hall in Los Angeles to celebrate one another at the 2019 SAG Awards and it was a big show.
This year marked the second year that the show had a host with Megan Mullally taking over hosting duties from 2018's leader Kristen Bell.
The Will & Grace star took the stage to run the show, but she wasn't the only one who had a good time.
|
|||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
2
| 87
|
https://www.digitaltheatre.com/watch/vod/41413292/primo
|
en
|
Digital Theatre :: Primo
|
[
"https://www.digitaltheatre.com/watch/vod/41413292/src",
"https://www.digitaltheatre.com/static/images/logos/dtheatre-logo.png",
"https://www.digitaltheatre.com/static/images/logos/dtheatre-logo.png",
"https://www.digitaltheatre.com/static/images/logos/dtheatre-logo.png",
"https://www.digitaltheatre.com/static/images/logos/dtheatre-logo.png",
"https://www.digitaltheatre.com/static/images/logos/dtheatre-logo.png",
"https://www.digitaltheatre.com/static/images/logos/dtheatre-logo.png",
"https://www.digitaltheatre.com/static/images/logos/dtheatre-logo.png",
"https://www.digitaltheatre.com/static/images/logos/dtheatre-logo.png",
"https://www.digitaltheatre.com/static/images/logos/dtheatre-logo.png",
"https://www.digitaltheatre.com/static/images/logos/dtheatre-logo.png",
"https://www.digitaltheatre.com/static/images/logos/dtheatre-logo.png",
"https://www.digitaltheatre.com/static/images/logos/dtheatre-logo.png",
"https://www.digitaltheatre.com/static/images/logos/dtheatre-logo.png",
"https://www.digitaltheatre.com/static/images/logos/dtheatre-logo.png",
"https://www.digitaltheatre.com/static/images/logos/dtheatre-logo.png",
"https://www.digitaltheatre.com/static/images/logos/dtheatre-logo.png",
"https://www.digitaltheatre.com/static/images/logos/dtheatre-logo.png",
"https://www.digitaltheatre.com/static/images/logos/dtheatre-logo.png",
"https://www.digitaltheatre.com/static/images/logos/dtheatre-logo.png",
"https://www.digitaltheatre.com/static/images/logos/dtheatre-logo.png",
"https://www.digitaltheatre.com/static/images/logos/dtheatre-logo.png",
"https://www.digitaltheatre.com/static/images/logos/dtheatre-logo.png",
"https://www.digitaltheatre.com/static/images/logos/dtheatre-logo.png",
"https://www.digitaltheatre.com/static/images/logos/dtheatre-logo.png",
"https://www.digitaltheatre.com/static/images/logos/dtheatre-logo.png",
"https://www.digitaltheatre.com/static/images/logos/dtheatre-logo.png",
"https://www.digitaltheatre.com/static/images/logos/dtheatre-logo.png"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null |
Based on Primo Levi’s memoir, Antony Sher’s stage adaptation brings to life the author’s experiences in Auschwitz during World War II in a poignant, reflective monologue. This National Theatre production stars Sher under the direction of Richard Wilson.
|
en
|
/static/favicon/dtheatre/apple-touch-icon.png
|
Digital Theatre
|
https://www.digitaltheatre.com/watch/vod/41413292/primo
|
Othello
Guidance 12+ • 3h 41s
Jealousy prevails in William Shakespeare’s classic tragedy; the ‘green-eyed monster’ slowly consumes Othello (Eamonn Walker) at the encouragement of the bitter Iago (Tim McInnerny). Captured live at Shakespeare’s Globe, this 2007 production marks the theatre’s first staging of Othello.
She Stoops to Conquer
All Ages • 2h 18m
Oliver Goldsmith’s classic satire of high society sends a pair of suitors into chaos at the hands of prankster Tony Lumpkin. Captured live at the Theatre Royal Bath, this National Theatre and Stockroom (formerly Out of Joint) co-production stars Monica Dolan as Kate Hardcastle and Jason Watkins as Diggory.
The Mysteries
Guidance 16+ • 2h 28s
This South African adaptation of the Chester Mystery Plays brings to life well known biblical figures in both testaments, from the creation of Adam and Eve to the crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus. Captured live at Wilton’s Music Hall in 2001, this production is performed in multiple languages* and includes energetic vocal music and dance numbers to create an uplifting retelling of traditional Christian tales. *Please note: English translations can be accessed using the closed caption settings.
Things I Know To Be True
Guidance 12+ • 1h 58m
Andrew Bovell’s Things I Know To Be True is brought to life in this moving and visceral piece of contemporary theatre, featuring Frantic Assembly’s celebrated physicality. Things I Know To Be True is co-produced by Frantic Assembly and State Theatre Company South Australia with Warwick Arts Centre, and in association with Chichester Festival Theatre and the Lyric Hammersmith. This production is only available outside of school term times.
Kinky Boots
Guidance 12+ • 2h 1m
Winner of six Tony awards and featuring hit songs by Cyndi Lauper, this huge-hearted musical by Harvey Fierstein follows an unlikely pair who learn to embrace their differences. Factory owner Charlie is struggling to save his family business, and Lola is an entertainer with a wildly big idea. As they work to rescue the factory, they discover that when you change your mind, you can change the world. Captured live at the Adelphi Theatre in 2018.
1939
Guidance All Ages • 2h 4m
Co-written by Jani Lauzon and Kaitlyn Riordan, 1939 follows a group of Indigenous students in Canada staging a performance of Shakespeare’s All’s Well That Ends Well for the visit of King George VI. When they find parallels between themselves and the characters in the play, far from letting themselves be defined by colonial expectations, they set out to make Shakespeare’s bitter-sweet comedy defiantly their own. Captured live at Stratford Festival, 2022.
Henry VIII
Guidance All Ages • 2h 15m
Stratford Festival presents Shakespeare’s Henry VIII, a searing drama about one of England’s most romantic yet brutal periods. When King Henry falls for Anne Boleyn, he must somehow divorce Queen Katherine. The consequences will be momentous for the country – and disastrous for the king’s adviser, Cardinal Wolsey, who is losing his grip on power. Captured live at Stratford Festival’s Studio Theatre in 2019.
Othello
Guidance 15+ • 2h 40m
Rumours feed irrational jealousy in Shakespeare’s gripping psychological drama, filmed at the Stratford Festival in 2019. Othello and Desdemona defy racial prejudice by marrying, but deadly malice lurks where they least expect it. Nigel Shawn Williams’ contemporary adaptation exposes the racism and misogyny at the heart of this tragic tale.
Death and the King's Horseman
Guidance 13+ • 2h 33m
Written by Nobel Prize winner Wole Soyinka and inspired by a true story, this masterpiece celebrates a community striving to uphold its culture in the face of colonial power. In British-occupied Nigeria, a Yoruba king, the Alafin, has died, and it is the duty of his horseman, Elesin, to accompany him into the afterlife. Elesin proudly anticipates his transition to the next world – but the sacred ritual is interrupted, resulting in unforeseen tragedy. Captured live at Stratford Festival, 2022.
Serving Elizabeth
All Ages • 1h 46m
In this ingenious contemporary drama, two parallel narratives seem only coincidentally connected, until a surprising twist reveals a deeper relationship between the two. Weaving between 1950s Kenya and the impending visit of Princess Elizabeth, and London, England in 2015, where a young Kenyan-born Canadian is interning on a TV series about the royal family, this production explores issues of colonialism, nationalism and the question of who gets to have a voice. Captured live at Stratford Festival, Ontario in 2021.
|
||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
0
| 71
|
https://issuu.com/encoreatlanta/docs/tokillamockingbirdfoxmay2024
|
en
|
Fox Theatre, To Kill A Mockingbird, May 2024
|
[
"https://static.isu.pub/fe/product-header-frontend/781e53c/31d186ba39f38e8c4fac.png",
"https://static.issuu.com/fe/silkscreen/0.0.3042/icons/gradient/icon-canva-gradient.svg",
"https://static.isu.pub/fe/product-header-frontend/781e53c/1e794a8c4ec65e549678.png",
"https://photo.isu.pub/encoreatlanta/photo_large.jpg",
"https://image.isu.pub/240725183017-a92fa6d66fb05b5cdc619232f14e8dd9/jpg/page_1_thumb_large.jpg",
"https://image.isu.pub/240722170340-d5f9c6e24d7e97fdf92b9fda36315a05/jpg/page_1_thumb_large.jpg",
"https://image.isu.pub/240623175800-2cb075472a02d312d5ded0d7ab897e1f/jpg/page_1_thumb_large.jpg",
"https://image.isu.pub/240628172238-90394a18aa10deb6bfe7c4b7bbe92abd/jpg/page_1_thumb_large.jpg",
"https://image.isu.pub/240618163120-f7e9f60242925f8a00992efc7c594d2a/jpg/page_1_thumb_large.jpg",
"https://image.isu.pub/240606170114-65098d052d1a7956a272229f5bd2812e/jpg/page_1_thumb_large.jpg",
"https://static.issuu.com/fe/silkscreen/0.0.2541/icons/gradient/icon-instagram-gradient.svg"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] |
2024-04-19T00:00:00+00:00
|
Read Fox Theatre, To Kill A Mockingbird, May 2024 by Encore Atlanta on Issuu and browse thousands of other publications on our platform. Start here!
|
en
|
/favicon.ico
|
Issuu
|
https://issuu.com/encoreatlanta/docs/tokillamockingbirdfoxmay2024
|
Welcome to Issuu’s blog: home to product news, tips, resources, interviews (and more) related to content marketing and publishing.
Here you'll find an answer to your question.
|
||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 46
|
https://efe.com/en/other-news/2024-02-25/oppenheimer-wins-big-at-screen-actors-guild-awards/
|
en
|
'Oppenheimer' wins big at Screen Actors Guild Awards
|
[
"https://i0.wp.com/efe.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/logo-efe-color-1.png?fit=90%2C29&ssl=1",
"https://i0.wp.com/efe.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/rss-efeac542fae00455d5c1b075333f1021b3b729b66c3w.jpg?fit=1920%2C1280&ssl=1",
"https://i0.wp.com/efe.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/image-123.jpeg?resize=980%2C654&ssl=1",
"https://i0.wp.com/efe.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/image-124.jpeg?resize=980%2C654&ssl=1",
"https://i0.wp.com/efe.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/image-125.jpeg?resize=980%2C654&ssl=1",
"https://i0.wp.com/efe.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/image-126.jpeg?resize=980%2C654&ssl=1",
"https://i0.wp.com/efe.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/image-128.jpeg?resize=980%2C654&ssl=1",
"https://i0.wp.com/efe.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Logo-EFE-Comunica_png.png?fit=300%2C135&ssl=1",
"https://efecomunica.efe.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Notified-GlobeNewswire-Color-Large-1-430x233.jpg",
"https://efecomunica.efe.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Notified-GlobeNewswire-Color-Large-1-430x233.jpg",
"https://efecomunica.efe.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Notified-GlobeNewswire-Color-Large-1-430x233.jpg",
"https://efecomunica.efe.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Notified-GlobeNewswire-Color-Large-1-430x233.jpg",
"https://efecomunica.efe.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Notified-GlobeNewswire-Color-Large-1-430x233.jpg",
"https://i0.wp.com/efe.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/GIF-CUENTA-ATRAS.gif?fit=300%2C300&ssl=1",
"https://i0.wp.com/efe.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/rss-efe069704d28a32a8503572cdf7c637cf297251b642w.jpg?resize=150%2C150&ssl=1",
"https://i0.wp.com/efe.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/rss-efeeb7bd45ede3a131e3b21ed5617e6703bdfcd20c3w.jpg?resize=150%2C150&ssl=1",
"https://i0.wp.com/efe.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/rss-efebe9b2dee0c72ac5cd258a8f3baf903a1248aaf63w.jpg?resize=150%2C150&ssl=1",
"https://i0.wp.com/efe.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/rss-efe223a9410718062559de4f9cb27d03cf416eaff55w.jpg?resize=150%2C150&ssl=1",
"https://i0.wp.com/efe.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/rss-efe6f492ca67daaafaebc1d21eae01d5600a9ea186fw.jpg?resize=150%2C150&ssl=1",
"https://efe.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/sepi_logo_pie_de.png",
"https://efe.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/wcag1A.png",
"https://efe.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/IPS_LOGO.png"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Agencia EFE"
] |
2024-02-25T00:00:00
|
By Monica Rubalcava Los Angeles US, Feb 24 (EFE).- 'Oppenheimer' won big at the Screen Actors Guild awards on Saturday, bagging the prestigious trophy for outstanding performance by a motion picture cast, among other awards. US actor Robert Downey Jr., winner for Outstanding Performance by a M
|
en
|
EFE Noticias
|
https://efe.com/en/other-news/2024-02-25/oppenheimer-wins-big-at-screen-actors-guild-awards/
|
By Monica Rubalcava
Los Angeles US, Feb 24 (EFE).- ‘Oppenheimer’ won big at the Screen Actors Guild awards on Saturday, bagging the prestigious trophy for outstanding performance by a motion picture cast, among other awards.
“Thank you to every SAG-AFTRA member whose support and whose sacrifice allows us to be standing here better than we were before,” said actor Kenneth Brannagh, who accepted the award on behalf of the ‘Oppenheimer’ cast.
“When we were all last together, it was at the premiere of this film on July 14, last year when the strike was just about to begin. And led by our fearless leader, the great Cillian Murphy, we went from the red carpet and we didn’t see the film that night. We happily went in the direction of solidarity with your good selves. So this is a full circle moment for us,” he added in reference to last summer’s actors strike for better pay and working conditions.
Cillian Murphy, who plays the tortured physicist credited with developing the nuclear bomb, Robert Oppenheimer, in Christopher Nolan’s film, won outstanding performance by a male actor in a leading role, while Robert Downey Jr. won best supporting actor.
Lily Gladstone won outstanding performance by a female actor in a leading role for ‘Killers of the Flower Moon’ while the best supporting actress award went to Da’Vine Joy Randolph for her role in ‘The Holdovers’ by Alexander Payne.
“It’s truly a gift that we get to do this for a living…We bring empathy into a world that so much needs it. It’s so easy to distance ourselves. It’s so easy to close off, to stop feeling, and we all bravely keep feeling, and that humanizes people,” Gladstone said.
However, the highest-grossing film of 2023, ‘Barbie’, and ‘Poor Things’, by Yorgos Lanthimos, did not take home any trophies.
The television awards were monopolized by ‘The Bear’ and ‘Succession’.
‘Succession’ won outstanding performance by an ensemble in a drama series while ‘The Bear’ won outstanding performance by an ensemble in a drama series, as well as best actor and best actress trophies for Jeremy Allen White and Ayo Edebiri respectively.
Pedro Pascal was the surprise recipient of the trophy for outstanding performance by a male actor in a drama series for HBO’s ‘The Last of Us’ while Elizabeth Debicki, who plays Princess Diana in the series ‘The Crown’, won outstanding performance by a female actor in a drama series.
Steven Yeun and Ali Wong were the outstanding performance in a television movie or limited series winners for ‘Beef’.
The ceremony was held at the Shrine Auditorium and Expo Hall in Los Angeles and streamed live on Netflix for the first time. EFE
mrl/pd
|
|||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
2
| 13
|
https://www.upi.com/amp/Archives/1985/12/09/Antony-Sher-has-won-the-1985-Lawrence-Olivier-Actor/2235502952400/
|
en
|
Antony Sher has won the 1985 Lawrence Olivier Actor...
|
[] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"UPI Archives"
] |
1985-12-09T00:00:00
|
Antony Sher has won the 1985 Lawrence Olivier Actor of the Year award for his portrayal of Shakespeare's 'Richard III' and his performance as the...
|
en
|
https://www.upi.com/favicon.ico
|
UPI
|
https://www.upi.com/Archives/1985/12/09/Antony-Sher-has-won-the-1985-Lawrence-Olivier-Actor/2235502952400/
|
LONDON -- Antony Sher has won the 1985 Lawrence Olivier Actor of the Year award for his portrayal of Shakespeare's 'Richard III' and his performance as the transvestite in Harvey Fierstein's, 'Torch Song Trilogy.'
Yvonne Bryceland was named best actress for her performance in 'The Road to Mecca,' by South African Athol Fugard.
The Olivier awards for London stage shows were given Sunday night.
Sher, 36, received widespread critical acclaim for his portrayal of Richard III as a crippled king on crutches who moved about the stage like a spider in the Royal Shakespeare Company's production.
|
||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 11
|
https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/sag-awards-2024-winners-list-1235831881/
|
en
|
SAG Awards: Full List of Winners
|
[
"https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=6035310&c4=&cv=3.9&cj=1",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/24cover.lores_.jpg?w=1154",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/24cover.lores_.jpg?w=1154",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/GettyImages-2036706554-copy.jpg?w=681&h=383&crop=1",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Margot-Robbie-GettyImages-2036427272-H-2024.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Bradley-Cooper-2-GettyImages-2036423597-H-2024.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/America-Ferrera-GettyImages-2036403895-H-2024.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Reese-Witherspoon-GettyImages-2036401994-P-2024.jpg?w=999",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/twisters-daisy-edgar-jones_glen-powell-PUBLICITY-MAIN-2024.jpg?w=260&h=150&crop=1",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/TDW-32297_R2-H-2024.jpg?w=260&h=150&crop=1",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/SW-HEADSHOT-PC-Andrew-H.-Walker-Variety-REX-Shutterstock.png?crop=0px%2C146px%2C600px%2C336px&resize=260%2C150",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Jovan-Marjanovic-Sarajevo-Film-Festival.jpg?w=260&h=150&crop=1",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/AlexGarlandGettyImages-917591908.jpg?w=260&h=150&crop=1",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/JohnAprea.jpeg?w=260&h=150&crop=1",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/0238/6647/products/2019_37_540x.jpg",
"https://pixel.quantserve.com/pixel?a.1=&a.2=p-31f3D02tYU8zY"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Kimberly Nordyke"
] |
2024-02-25T03:14:00+00:00
|
See the full list of SAG Awards winners as they are announced live.
|
en
|
The Hollywood Reporter
|
https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/sag-awards-2024-winners-list-1235831881/
|
Oppenheimer won the award for best performance by a cast in a motion picture at the 2024 SAG Awards, which were handed out Saturday night.
The film also scooped up two other awards, for leading actor Cillian Murphy and supporting actor Robert Downey Jr.
Leading actress honors went to Lily Gladstone for Killers of the Flower Moon, while Da’Vine Joy Randolph was named best supporting actress for The Holdovers.
On the TV side, The Bear won three awards, including best ensemble in a comedy series. Star Jeremy Allen White won the nod for best performance by a male actor in a comedy series, while Ayo Edebiri won the female actor award in the same category. Another awards favorite, Succession, was named best drama series ensemble, but lost out in the other categories in which it was nominated.
Elsewhere, Beef took two awards: Ali Wong won the award for best performance by a female actor in a TV movie or limited series, while Steven Yeun won the male actor award in the same category.
A surprised — and, he confessed, drunk — Pedro Pascal won the award for best male actor in a drama series for The Last of Us, beating out three actors from Succession, which dominated numerous awards shows throughout its run. Another surprised winner was Elizabeth Debicki, who won the award for best actress in a drama series, for The Crown. (See the star-studded arrivals.)
Awards are voted on by members of SAG-AFTRA in categories across film and TV, including stunt performances. The winners of the stunt performers categories were announced during the red carpet preshow (those awards went to The Last of Us and Mission: Impossible — Dead Reckoning Part One).
The ceremony streamed live on Netflix from L.A.’s Shrine Auditorium.
A full list of 2024 SAG Awards winners follows.
Motion Picture Categories
Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture
American Fiction
Erika Alexander as Coraline
Adam Brody as Wiley Valdespino
Sterling K. Brown as Clifford Ellison
Keith David as Willy The Wonker
John Ortiz as Arthur
Issa Rae as Sintara Golden
Tracee Ellis Ross as Lisa Ellison
Leslie Uggams as Agnes Ellison
Jeffrey Wright as Thelonious “Monk” Ellison
Barbie
Michael Cera as Allan
Will Ferrell as Mattel Ceo
America Ferrera as Gloria
Ryan Gosling as Ken
Ariana Greenblatt as Sasha
Kate McKinnon as Barbie
Helen Mirren as Narrator
Rhea Perlman as Ruth
Issa Rae as Barbie
Margot Robbie as Barbie
The Color Purple
Halle Bailey as Young Nettie
Fantasia Barrino as Celie
Jon Batiste as Grady
Danielle Brooks as Sofia
Ciara as Nettie
Colman Domingo as Mister
Aunjanue Ellis-Taylor as Mama
Louis Gossett Jr. /as Ol’ Mister
Corey Hawkins as Harpo
Taraji P. Henson as Shug Avery
Phylicia Pearl Mpasi as Young Celie
Gabriella Wilson “H.E.R.” as Squeak
Killers of the Flower Moon
Tantoo Cardinal as Lizzie Q
Robert De Niro as William Hale
Leonardo Dicaprio as Ernest Burkhart
Brendan Fraser as W.S. Hamilton
Lily Gladstone as Mollie Burkhart
John Lithgow as Prosecutor Peter Leaward
Jesse Plemons as Tom White
Oppenheimer (WINNER)
Casey Affleck as Boris Pash
Emily Blunt as Kitty Oppenheimer
Kenneth Branagh as Niels Bohr
Matt Damon as Leslie Groves
Robert Downey Jr. as Lewis Strauss
Josh Hartnett as Ernest Lawrence
Rami Malek as David Hill
Cillian Murphy as J. Robert Oppenheimer
Florence Pugh as Jean Tatlock
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role
Bradley Cooper as Leonard Bernstein — Maestro
Colman Domingo as Bayard Rustin — Rustin
Paul Giamatti as Paul Hunham — The Holdovers
Cillian Murphy as J. Robert Oppenheimer — Oppenheimer (WINNER)
Jeffrey Wright as Thelonious “Monk” Ellison — American Fiction
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role
Annette Bening as Diana Nyad — “Nyad”
Lily Gladstone as Mollie Burkhart — “Killers of the Flower Moon” (WINNER)
Carey Mulligan as Felicia Montealegre — “Maestro”
Margot Robbie as Barbie — “Barbie”
Emma Stone as Bella Baxter — “Poor Things”
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Supporting Role
Sterling K. Brown as Clifford Ellison — American Fiction
Willem Dafoe as Godwin Baxter — Poor Things
Robert De Niro as William Hale — Killers of the Flower Moon
Robert Downey Jr. as Lewis Strauss — Oppenheimer (WINNER)
Ryan Gosling as Ken — Barbie
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Supporting Role
Emily Blunt as Kitty Oppenheimer — Oppenheimer
Danielle Brooks as Sofia — The Color Purple
Penélope Cruz as Laura Ferrari — Ferrari
Jodie Foster as Bonnie Stoll — Nyad
Da’Vine Joy Randolph as Mary Lamb — The Holdovers (WINNER)
Television Categories
Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series
The Crown
Khalid Abdalla as Dodi Fayed
Sebastian Blunt as Prince Edward
Bertie Carvel as Tony Blair
Salim Daw as Mohamed Al Fayed
Elizabeth Debicki as Princess Diana
Luther Ford as Prince Harry
Claudia Harrison as Princess Anne
Lesley Manville as Princess Margaret
Ed Mcvey as Prince William
James Murray as Prince Andrew
Jonathan Pryce as Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh
Imelda Staunton as Queen Elizabeth II
Marcia Warren as Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother
Dominic West as Prince Charles
Olivia Williams as Camilla Parker Bowles
The Gilded Age
Ben Ahlers as Jack
Ashlie Atkinson as Mamie Fish
Christine Baranski as Agnes Van Rhijn
Denée Benton as Peggy Scott
Nicole Brydon Bloom as Maud Beaton
Michael Cerveris as Watson
Carrie Coon as Bertha Russell
Kelley Curran as Mrs. Winterton
Taissa Farmiga as Gladys Russell
David Furr as Dashiell Montgomery
Jack Gilpin as Church
Ward Horton as Charles Fane
Louisa Jacobson as Marian Brook
Simon Jones as Bannister
Sullivan Jones as T. Thomas Fortune
Celia Keenan-Bolger as Mrs. Bruce
Nathan Lane as Ward Mcallister
Matilda Lawler as Frances Montgomery
Robert Sean Leonard as Luke Forte
Audra McDonald as Dorothy Scott
Debra Monk as Armstrong
Donna Murphy as Mrs. Astor
Kristine Nielsen as Mrs. Bauer
Cynthia Nixon as Ada Brook
Kelli O’Hara as Aurora Fane
Patrick Page as Richard Clay
Harry Richardson as Larry Russell
Taylor Richardson as Bridget
Blake Ritson as Oscar Van Rhijn
Jeremy Shamos as Mr. Gilbert
Douglas Sills as Borden
Morgan Spector as George Russell
John Douglas Thompson as Arthur Scott
Erin Wilhelmi as Adelheid
The Last of Us
Pedro Pascal as Joel
Bella Ramsey as Ellie
The Morning Show
Jennifer Aniston as Alex Levy
Nicole Beharie as Christina Hunter
Shari Belafonte as Julia
Nestor Carbonell as Yanko Flores
Billy Crudup as Cory Ellison
Mark Duplass as Chip Black
Jon Hamm as Paul Marks
Theo Iyer as Kyle
Hannah Leder as Isabella
Greta Lee as Stella Bak
Julianna Margulies as Laura Peterson
Tig Notaro as Amanda Robinson
Karen Pittman as Mia Jordan
Reese Witherspoon as Bradley Jackson
Succession (WINNER)
Nicholas Braun as Greg Hirsch
Juliana Canfield as Jess Jordan
Brian Cox as Logan Roy
Kieran Culkin as Roman Roy
Dagmara Dominczyk as Karolina Novotney
Peter Friedman as Frank Vernon
Justine Lupe as Willa
Matthew Macfadyen as Tom Wambsgans
Arian Moayed as Stewy Hosseini
Scott Nicholson as Colin Stiles
David Rasche as Karl Muller
Alan Ruck as Connor Roy
Alexander Skarsgard as Lukas Matsson
J. Smith-Cameron as Gerri Kellman
Sarah Snook as Shiv Roy
Fisher Stevens as Hugo Baker
Jeremy Strong as Kendall Roy
Zoë Winters as Kerry Castellabate
Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series
Abbott Elementary
Quinta Brunson as Janine Teagues
William Stanford Davis as Mr. Johnson
Janelle James as Ava Coleman
Chris Perfetti as Jacob Hill
Sheryl Lee Ralph as Barbara Howard
Lisa Ann Walter as Melissa Schemmenti
Tyler James Williams as Gregory Eddie
Barry
Anthony Carrigan as Noho Hank
Sarah Goldberg as Sally Reed
Zachary Golinger as John
Bill Hader as Barry
Andre Hyland as Jason
Fred Melamed as Tom Posorro
Charles Parnell as Da Buckner
Stephen Root as Monroe Fuches
Tobie Windham as Damian
Henry Winkler as Gene Cousineau
Robert Wisdom as Jim Moss
The Bear (WINNER)
Lionel Boyce as Marcus
Jose Cervantes Jr. as Angel
Liza Colón-Zayas as Tina
Ayo Edebiri as Sydney Adamu
Abby Elliott as Natalie “Sugar” Berzatto
Richard Esteras as Manny
Edwin Lee Gibson as Ebraheim
Molly Gordon as Claire
Corey Hendrix as Sweeps
Matty Matheson as Neil Fak
Ebon Moss-Bachrach as Richard Richie Jerimovich
Oliver Platt as Jimmy Cicero Kalinowski
Jeremy Allen White as Carmen Carmy Berzatto
Only Murders in the Building
Gerald Caesar as Ty
Michael Cyril Creighton as Howard Morris
Linda Emond as Donna
Selena Gomez as Mabel Mora
Allison Guinn as K.T.
Steve Martin as Charles-Haden Savage
Ashley Park as Kimber
Don Darryl Rivera as Bobo
Paul Rudd as Ben Glenroy
Jeremy Shamos as Dickie Glenroy
Martin Short as Oliver Putnam
Meryl Streep as Loretta Durkin
Wesley Taylor as Cliff
Jason Veasey as Jonathan
Jesse Williams as Tobert
Ted Lasso
Annette Badland as Mae Green
Kola Bokinni as Isaac Mcadoo
Edyta Budnik as Jade
Adam Colborne as Baz Primrose
Phil Dunster as Jamie Tartt
Cristo Fernández as Dani Rojas
Kevin “KG” Garry as Paul La Fleur
Brett Goldstein as Roy Kent
Billy Harris as Colin Hughes
Anthony Head as Rupert Mannion
Brendan Hunt as Coach Beard
Toheeb Jimoh as Sam Obisanya
James Lance as Trent Crimm
Nick Mohammed as Nathan Shelley
Jason Sudeikis as Ted Lasso
Jeremy Swift as Leslie Higgins
Juno Temple as Keeley Jones
Hannah Waddingham as Rebecca Welton
Bronson Webb as Jeremy Blumenthal
Katy Wix as Barbara
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Drama Series
Brian Cox as Logan Roy — Succession
Billy Crudup as Cory Ellison — The Morning Show
Kieran Culkin as Roman Roy — Succession
Matthew Macfadyen as Tom Wambsgans — Succession
Pedro Pascal as Joel — The Last of Us (WINNER)
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series
Jennifer Aniston as Alex Levy — The Morning Show
Elizabeth Debicki as Princess Diana — The Crown (WINNER)
Bella Ramsey as Ellie — The Last of Us
Keri Russell as Kate Wyler — The Diplomat
Sarah Snook as Shiv Roy — Succession
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Comedy Series
Brett Goldstein as Roy Kent — Ted Lasso
Bill Hader as Barry — Barry
Ebon Moss-Bachrach as Richard Richie Jerimovich — The Bear
Jason Sudeikis as Ted Lasso — Ted Lasso
Jeremy Allen White as Carmen Carmy Berzatto — The Bear (WINNER)
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Comedy Series
Alex Borstein as Susie Myerson — The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel
Rachel Brosnahan as Miriam Midge Maisel — The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel
Quinta Brunson as Janine Teagues — Abbott Elementary
Ayo Edebiri as Sydney Adamu — The Bear (WINNER)
Hannah Waddingham as Rebecca Welton — Ted Lasso
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Television Movie or Limited Series
Matt Bomer as Hawkins Hawk Fuller — Fellow Travelers
Jon Hamm as Roy Tillman — Fargo
David Oyelowo as Bass Reeves — Lawmen: Bass Reeves
Tony Shalhoub as Adrian Monk — Mr. Monk’s Last Case: A Monk Movie
Steven Yeun as Danny Cho — Beef (WINNER)
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Television Movie or Limited Series
Uzo Aduba as Edie Flowers — Painkiller
Kathryn Hahn as Clare Pierce — Tiny Beautiful Things
Brie Larson as Elizabeth Zott — Lessons In Chemistry
Bel Powley as Miep Gies — A Small Light
Ali Wong as Amy Lau — Beef (WINNER)
Stunt Ensemble Honors
Outstanding Action Performance by a Stunt Ensemble in a Motion Picture
Barbie
Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3
Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny
John Wick: Chapter 4
Mission: Impossible — Dead Reckoning Part One (WINNER)
Outstanding Action Performance by a Stunt Ensemble in a Television Series
|
|||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 4
|
https://www.cnn.com/2024/02/24/entertainment/sag-awards-winners-list/index.html
|
en
|
SAG Awards 2024: Winners list
|
[
"https://media.cnn.com/api/v1/images/stellar/prod/220413113637-03-lisa-france-headshots.jpg?c=16x9&q=h_270,w_480,c_fill/c_thumb,g_face,w_100,h_100",
"https://media.cnn.com/api/v1/images/stellar/prod/240103115012-07-oppenheimer-film.jpg?c=original&q=h_447,c_fill",
"https://media.cnn.com/api/v1/images/stellar/prod/231228134235-06-killers-of-the-flower-moon.jpg?c=original&q=h_447,c_fill",
"https://media.cnn.com/api/v1/images/stellar/prod/230721153915-04-oppenheimer-film.jpg?c=original&q=h_447,c_fill",
"https://media.cnn.com/api/v1/images/stellar/prod/230504121638-03-oppenheimer-film.jpg?c=original&q=h_447,c_fill",
"https://media.cnn.com/api/v1/images/stellar/prod/231217104645-04-the-holdovers-movie.jpg?c=original&q=h_447,c_fill",
"https://media.cnn.com/api/v1/images/stellar/prod/240221172529-09-beef-netflix.jpg?c=original&q=h_447,c_fill",
"https://media.cnn.com/api/v1/images/stellar/prod/240221172307-05-beef-netflix.jpg?c=original&q=h_447,c_fill",
"https://media.cnn.com/api/v1/images/stellar/prod/230111114026-01-the-last-of-us-series.jpg?c=original&q=h_447,c_fill",
"https://media.cnn.com/api/v1/images/stellar/prod/231026121430-02-the-crown-season-6.jpg?c=original&q=h_447,c_fill",
"https://media.cnn.com/api/v1/images/stellar/prod/230625140803-01-the-bear-season-2.jpg?c=original&q=h_447,c_fill",
"https://media.cnn.com/api/v1/images/stellar/prod/230625140927-02-the-bear-season-2.jpg?c=original&q=h_447,c_fill",
"https://media.cnn.com/api/v1/images/stellar/prod/230712115316-01-emmy-nominations-2023.jpg?c=original&q=h_447,c_fill",
"https://media.cnn.com/api/v1/images/stellar/prod/230625141138-04-the-bear-season-2.jpg?c=original&q=h_447,c_fill",
"https://media.cnn.com/api/v1/images/stellar/prod/240104111742-05-mission-impossible-dead-reckoning-part-one.jpg?c=original&q=h_447,c_fill",
"https://media.cnn.com/api/v1/images/stellar/prod/240224101943-01-the-last-of-us-episode-6.jpg?c=original&q=h_447,c_fill",
"https://media.cnn.com/api/v1/images/stellar/prod/gettyimages-2028796328.jpg?q=w_1110,c_fill",
"https://media.cnn.com/api/v1/images/stellar/prod/gettyimages-2036677701.jpg?q=w_1110,c_fill",
"https://media.cnn.com/api/v1/images/stellar/prod/gettyimages-2036508136-20240225031527680-20240225031543817.jpg?q=w_1110,c_fill",
"https://media.cnn.com/api/v1/images/stellar/prod/gettyimages-2036651205.jpg?q=w_1110,c_fill"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Alli Rosenbloom",
"Lisa Respers France"
] |
2024-02-24T00:00:00
|
The 30th annual Screen Actors Guild (SAG) Awards were held Saturday, and the show streamed live globally on Netflix – a first for the show and the streamer.
|
en
|
/media/sites/cnn/apple-touch-icon.png
|
CNN
|
https://www.cnn.com/2024/02/24/entertainment/sag-awards-winners-list/index.html
|
No commercials, some f-bombs and plenty of time for acceptance speeches.
The 30th annual Screen Actors Guild (SAG) Awards were held Saturday at the Shrine Auditorium & Expo Hall in Los Angeles, and the show streamed live globally on Netflix – a first for the show and the streamer – which freed it up to be different from other award shows (read, no bleeps, as mentioned above, and no ad breaks either).
Saturday night’s winners were familiar to those who have been following awards season, as actors from “The Bear,” “Oppenheimer” and “Beef” took home statuettes as expected. Projected frontrunners like Lily Gladstone from “Killers of the Flower Moon” and Da’Vine Joy Randolph of “The Holdovers” also took home trophies, referred to as “actors” during the telecast.
While this year’s ceremony did not feature a host, Idris Elba unofficially fulfilled those duties, both opening and closing the show and appearing at least one other time in the middle, drawing laughs from the crowd.
Other buzzy entertainers who took the stage as presenters included Billie Eilish, Jessica Chastain, America Ferrera, Robert Downey Jr. and SAG-AFTRA president Fran Drescher, among many others.
Jennifer Aniston helped present Barbra Streisand with the SAG Life Achievement award, hailing the legend for “that voice” and calling her “a mensch.” Bradley Cooper also took the stage as part of the tribute.
Streisand noted in her acceptance speech that she has been a member of SAG-AFTRA for more than 60 years, and reminisced about being a teen in Brooklyn dreaming of becoming an actress while reading a movie magazine and eating a “pint of coffee ice cream.” She also mentioned key players of old Hollywood who were Jewish and who fled eastern Europe to escape persecution, saying, “Now I dream of a world where such prejudice is a thing of the past.”
The first award of the night was a treat for fans of “The Devil Wears Prada,” as the stars of the 2006 film – Meryl Streep, Anne Hathaway and Emily Blunt – reunited to present together. The SAG stage also saw other casts reuniting on Saturday, including those from “Breaking Bad” as well as Jeff Goldblum and Geena Davis from 1986’s David Cronenberg film “The Fly,” who presented the final award for the evening.
The cast of “Succession” led the nominations among the television categories with five – nabbing the top honor for best ensemble. “Barbie” and “Oppenheimer” each scored four nominations in the motion picture categories, including earning recognition in the coveted ensemble cast category. “Oppenheimer” reigned victorious with three of those awards, while “Barbie” was shut out.
This is the first SAG Awards since last year’s prolonged actors’ strike in Hollywood – a fact that was brought up several times throughout the evening – and is also the last major entertainment awards event before next month’s Oscars ceremony.
Find below the categories and nominees, with winners denoted in bold:
MOTION PICTURE CATEGORIES
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role
Bradley Cooper, “Maestro”
Colman Domingo, “Rustin”
Paul Giamatti, “The Holdovers”
Cillian Murphy, “Oppenheimer” *WINNER
Jeffrey Wright, “American Fiction”
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role
Annette Bening, “Nyad”
Lily Gladstone, “Killers of the Flower Moon” *WINNER
Carey Mulligan, “Maestro”
Margot Robbie, “Barbie”
Emma Stone, “Poor Things”
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Supporting Role
Sterling K. Brown, “American Fiction”
Willem Dafoe, “Poor Things”
Robert De Niro, “Killers of the Flower Moon”
Robert Downey Jr., “Oppenheimer” *WINNER
Ryan Gosling, “Barbie”
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Supporting Role
Emily Blunt, “Oppenheimer”
Danielle Brooks, “The Color Purple”
Penélope Cruz, “Ferrari”
Jodie Foster, “Nyad”
Da’Vine Joy Randolph, “The Holdovers” *WINNER
Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture
“American Fiction”
“Barbie”
“The Color Purple”
“Killers of the Flower Moon”
“Oppenheimer” *WINNER
TELEVISION CATEGORIES
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Television Movie or Limited Series
Matt Bomer, “Fellow Travelers”
Jon Hamm, “Fargo”
David Oyelowo, “Lawmen: Bass Reeves”
Tony Shalhoub, “Mr. Monk’s Last Case: A Monk Movie”
Steven Yeun, “Beef” *WINNER
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Television Movie or Limited Series
Uzo Aduba, “Painkiller”
Kathryn Hahn, “Tiny Beautiful Things”
Brie Larson, “Lessons in Chemistry”
Bel Powley, “A Small Light”
Ali Wong, “Beef” *WINNER
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Drama Series
Brian Cox, “Succession”
Billy Crudup, “The Morning Show”
Kieran Culkin, “Succession”
Matthew Macfadyen, “Succession”
Pedro Pascal, “The Last of Us” *WINNER
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series
Jennifer Aniston, “The Morning Show”
Elizabeth Debicki, “The Crown” *WINNER
Bella Ramsey, “The Last of Us”
Keri Russell, “The Diplomat”
Sarah Snook, “Succession”
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Comedy Series
Brett Goldstein, “Ted Lasso”
Bill Hader, “Barry”
Ebon Moss-Bachrach, “The Bear”
Jason Sudeikis, “Ted Lasso”
Jeremy Allen White, “The Bear” *WINNER
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Comedy Series
Alex Borstein, “The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel”
Rachel Brosnahan, “The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel”
Quinta Brunson, “Abbott Elementary”
Ayo Edebiri, “The Bear” *WINNER
Hannah Waddingham, “Ted Lasso”
Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series
“The Crown”
“The Gilded Age”
“The Last of Us”
“The Morning Show”
“Succession” *WINNER
Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series
“Abbott Elementary”
“Barry”
“The Bear” *WINNER
“Only Murders in the Building”
“Ted Lasso”
STUNT ENSEMBLE HONORS
Outstanding Action Performance by a Stunt Ensemble in a Motion Picture
“Barbie”
“Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3”
“Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny”
“John Wick: Chapter 4”
“Mission: Impossible - Dead Reckoning Part One” *WINNER
Outstanding Action Performance by a Stunt Ensemble in a Television Series
|
||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 50
|
https://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/entertainment/20240226/oppenheimer-bear-win-big-screen-actors-guild-awards
|
en
|
‘Oppenheimer’, ‘The Bear’ win big at Screen Actors Guild Awards
|
[
"https://jamaica-gleaner.com/sites/all/themes/gleaner/logo.png",
"https://jamaica-gleaner.com/sites/default/files/styles/jg_article_image/public/media/article_images/2024/02/26/2659320/7855413.jpg?itok=dNDrkafw",
"https://jamaica-gleaner.com/sites/default/files/styles/jg_article_image/public/media/article_images/2024/02/26/2659320/7855414.jpg?itok=BAcNCOaK",
"https://jamaica-gleaner.com/sites/default/files/styles/jg_article_image/public/media/article_images/2024/02/26/2659320/7855412.jpg?itok=fCYbShFH",
"https://jamaica-gleaner.com/sites/default/files/styles/jg_article_image/public/media/article_images/2024/02/26/2659320/7855411.jpg?itok=i-3it6qu"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] |
2024-02-26T00:07:39-05:00
|
Oppenheimer and The Bear were the big winners at the Screen Actors Guild (SAG) Awards on Saturday, taking home three prizes each. Christopher Nolan’s atomic bomb drama scooped the night’s biggest prize, Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a...
|
en
|
https://jamaica-gleaner.com/sites/all/themes/gleaner/favicon.ico
|
https://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/entertainment/20240226/oppenheimer-bear-win-big-screen-actors-guild-awards
|
Oppenheimer and The Bear were the big winners at the Screen Actors Guild (SAG) Awards on Saturday, taking home three prizes each.
Christopher Nolan’s atomic bomb drama scooped the night’s biggest prize, Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture – which is widely viewed as a predictor for the Best Picture honour at the upcoming Academy Awards – as well as Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role for Cillian Murphy and Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Supporting Role for his co-star Robert Downey Jr.
The ceremony is organised by acting union SAG-AFTRA and, speaking on behalf of the cast, Sir Kenneth Branagh reflected on the “full circle” moment of the premiere of the movie taking place at the start of last year’s strike before coming together again for the awards show.
He said as they accepted the Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture accolade: “Of course thank you, thank you SAG-AFTRA for this, thank you for fighting for us, thank you to every member who’s support and sacrifice allows us to be standing here better than we were before.
“When we were last together, it was the premiere of this film in July when the strike was about to begin and led by our fearless leader, Cillian Murphy, we went from the red carpet and we didn’t see the film that night.
“We happily went in the direction of solidarity with your good selves so this is a full circle moment for us and to receive this recognition in a year of spectacular achievement from all the people in this room, our acting friends, our acting heroes, it means the world to us.
The Bear won the Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series honour, while there were wins for Outstanding Performance in a Comedy Series for stars Jeremy Allen White and Ayo Edebiri.
Elsewhere at the ceremony, which took place at Los Angeles’ Shrine Auditorium, Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role was won by Lily Gladstone for Killers of the Flower Moon and the Female Supporting Role honour went to The Holdovers star Da’Vine Joy Randolph.
In the TV categories, the final season of Succession earned the Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series.
Beef stars Steven Yeun and Ali Wong won the Outstanding Performance by a Male and Female Actor in a Television Movie or Limited Series prizes.
|
|||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
0
| 84
|
https://www.fountaintheatre.com/detained-program
|
en
|
DETAINED Program — The Fountain Theatre
|
https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/1582862391307-VEXORC4TWQ664UWFGQ0G/favicon.ico?format=100w
|
https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/1582862391307-VEXORC4TWQ664UWFGQ0G/favicon.ico?format=100w
|
[
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/1582674710619-QAU954307TWUQDT74K6M/FTLogoSiteHeader.png?format=1500w",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/1582674710619-QAU954307TWUQDT74K6M/FTLogoSiteHeader.png?format=1500w",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/1643957502527-0I4RTWPZGGF3VI3VEATL/DETAINED+Postcard+Front+Scaled.jpg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/1623643443337-AZ7DPEVZK1JVBYJAU7QS/Union+Logos.png",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/1623906844413-CT7PYU9LED58QM8TB3HT/SponsorBlock.png",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/fecddf0b-87ef-4288-9ce5-ee24bfe80486/SACHS+AUG+2021.jpeg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/d1495c07-76fb-4c4c-a833-16511e8dc093/FLB+Playwright+Pic.jpeg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/288baf6e-b3b6-4c20-ba7b-0ff86dd35c01/judy_rabinowitz_web-400x400.jpeg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/e20e3418-92b0-4ae0-917e-4fb789252f27/LianaArauzHEADSHOT2.jpeg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/70ccfec1-ddc5-4930-ae55-973b1f46551a/CamilaAscencioHeadshot.jpg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/6d383182-7ec7-4e68-a9b8-15715cd7907d/Christine-4.jpeg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/2cb64ed8-5a8d-45c8-b55c-ee4397e040ad/Dixon+Headshot.jpg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/2c522e25-2810-403b-9ae0-5140bae4ceb6/IMG_9983.jpg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/b1630f9f-6776-447a-a886-fe08d7278670/webIMG_9595.jpg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/0c25f886-b227-4a32-a985-30a7b60252a8/IMG_9160.jpg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/6f217ed1-bbcf-49ff-a295-e54af3536564/jose+fernando+headshot+2.jpeg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/0b4a7bb1-41d5-4783-89d0-ed9747696e69/image-asset.jpg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/91336944-1b29-40cf-ab58-79163188e16d/MarkValdez+Headshot+19.jpg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/6e2742ae-a17d-4bf6-b9be-312c3c4b3b71/RacheleEkstrandHeadshot.jpg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/52ad1e25-a7e3-44b8-a31a-b6c2c2a2a2b8/GODOY.jpeg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/6a4e8012-4189-4bff-9926-b9f308a74492/sarah-krainin.jpeg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/29bc7312-6a79-4092-abc9-848149659f62/Screenshot+2022-02-15+16.51.57.jpg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/9a5ec56e-fc97-4263-b31c-261b0a53224e/LopezHeadshot.jpg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/349b1e55-b020-4e86-b7be-024e2303269e/Christian+Mejia.jpeg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/1623911310059-WQ6MRDJ9YU2GF0SBA6A3/Pritchett%2B-%2Bpic.jpg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/206950b0-f565-4da9-ba92-5ca53b3bf314/13412179_10105633656858316_4388842015279168962_o.jpeg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/c6e54d2a-d2ca-434f-bf34-379d18c81a17/ANNIE+YEE+HEADSHOT+JPEG.jpg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/1625694179063-E4E3SIOHC0SZ3BUACDW7/LiquorFountainProgramAD2.jpeg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/1582685713582-L23LISQ7KMV3NGVYVNOP/JMB+Headshot.PNG",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/1624154240486-3KTSCT9G0T09NBZ7B8NG/Goodhill.jpg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/1624154441888-XLCAHVNWJRU3Z2VJBXSK/Picado%2B-%2BHeadshot.jpg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/2a681cf6-9fd2-426e-85c9-7531ba1c4e3a/Levy%2B-%2Bpic.jpg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/1624154551155-5Z0ZGZXGZKTAY4Q0HLJI/Pollak%2B-%2Bpic.jpg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/1624154664767-EUULWMCS3YZCQHFQKIP1/Roberts%2B-%2Bpic.jpg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/fecddf0b-87ef-4288-9ce5-ee24bfe80486/SACHS+AUG+2021.jpeg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/1582686063801-QGVUFQXOIY6JN3CM374Z/actualscott.png"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null |
en
|
https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e55afd0ec2b93239559c906/1582862391307-VEXORC4TWQ664UWFGQ0G/favicon.ico?format=100w
|
The Fountain Theatre
|
https://www.fountaintheatre.com/detained-program
|
My mother was brought to this country from Budapest, Hungary, when she was sixteen. Her parents were fleeing the Hungarian revolution against the communist government in 1957. New to America, she spoke little English. She met a young man of Irish descent. Soon, I was born, placed for adoption, and raised by a young married couple ─ a mother whose family came from Europe and a father whose parents had emigrated from a shtetl in Lithuania.
All of us who live in this country have an immigrant story. Everyone here comes from somewhere else.
The startling reminder in France-Luce Benson’s Detained is that for many, once here, their home is not guaranteed safe – no matter how long they’ve lived in the U.S. Many residents can still be removed from their family, confined, and expelled from the country. Even if they’ve paid taxes for years, have a green card, or have served in the military defending this nation.
Based on true stories, Detained premieres on the Fountain stage at an urgent time in our nation’s history. I believe theatre has the power to wake us up, open our eyes, shake us out of complacency. The Latin root of the word “actor”, from Ancient Greek, means to do, to drive, set in motion, get things done. My hope is that experiencing Detained triggers in you the need to take action. As these real-life human stories in this powerful new work remind us, there is much to be done.
Onward
Stephen
Whenever I am asked, “Where are you from?” I hesitate. Both the question and the answer are loaded with years, decades, generations of struggle, sacrifice, oppression, persecution, and a complicated mix of pride, shame, grief, and gratitude. The best way to answer is…I am not from here. I moved to Los Angeles from New York in 2018. I moved to New York from Miami, Fla, in 2000. I moved to Miami from Boston, MA, when I was seven. To Boston from Canada as a toddler. To Canada from Africa, where I was born, as an infant. And both of my parents are from Haiti. I am not from here. This has always been my reality. I understand, profoundly, what it feels like to exist in a place that is both home and not home. Even as an American Citizen, grateful for the freedom of artistic expression, the right to vote, and the countless privileges I often take for granted – my connection to this country still feels precarious; my identity ambiguous. What I am certain of is I am among the majority. Like the characters in this play, like most of us in this country, my family came to America for a better life, and in that pursuit, make America better. As I have gotten to know the people in this play, including the many whose stories you will not get to hear, I am not only humbled by their resilience, but by the contributions they continue to make to our society. Oftentimes, racially charged conversations about immigration focus on what “they take” but rarely on what is gained. I hope that this play will speak to the full spectrum of the immigrant experience in America, and most importantly, help us to understand what is lost. When mothers, fathers, children, siblings, students, farmers, Veterans are detained and deported, we lose so much more than the sum of their lives and their future contributions, which are already immeasurable. But we lose the backbone, the heart, and the soul of our country. Because the majority of us are not from here. For many of us, our American story began long before we arrived, and without us, America as we know it today would not exist.
-France-Luce Benson
The dramatic increase in deportation and detention directly resulted from harsh laws enacted by congress in 1996 and signed into law by then-President Clinton. Under these laws, longtime legal residents -- including those who had served in the U.S. military -- faced mandatory deportation and detention for relatively minor crimes. Even when they had committed those crimes years before, had served their sentences (assuming they had even received a prison sentence), and were fully rehabilitated contributing members of their communities.
Much of my work at the ACLU focused on challenging portions of the 1996 laws which required mandatory detention of individuals. I argued the issue before the Supreme Court in 2003 and lost by a vote of 5-4. Mandatory detention continues to this day, meaning immigrants are locked up without the most basic right to a bond hearing
Describing my idea for a play in 2015, I wrote that: “Deportations of immigrants have reached record levels. Yet despite the scale and its devastating impact – 400,00 people deported each year, 1100 each day, and hundreds of thousands locked up in immigration jails around the country – what is taking place and who is being affected is largely unknown to the general public”.
Although I had worked in documentary film before becoming a lawyer, I thought theatre would be a more powerful medium for telling this story. So, I started collecting material — stories of people I was representing who were locked up without a bond hearing; and letters from the immigration detainees who wrote us describing the conditions they faced in detention, desperate for a lawyer to help them fight their cases. (Because of the fiction that deportation is not “punishment,” -- but merely the withdrawal of a privilege -- the government does not provide lawyers to people in deportation proceedings. Thus, immigrants are locked up facing permanent banishment from their homes and separation from their families, without even a lawyer to advise them.)
I began interviewing some of the people you see in the play -- Melida, her daughter Mercedes, Warren Joseph, the Gulf War veteran -- and collected other statements that I thought would add some needed humor. Like Ravi’s story of his electronic monitoring device going off, he told during a detention conference in which we were both featured panelists.
The stories you see in the play are just a tiny fraction of the stories I collected, and those, in turn are just a small fraction of the millions of immigrants deported and detained in the last 25 years.
At some point, I realized I needed the help of a playwright to turn these stories into a compelling piece of theatre. This led me to France-Luce. I can still remember our first meeting, back in 2014, sharing my goals for the play and handing over to her several huge ring binders with the material I had collected. France-Luce embraced the project as her own. And in the years that followed, the play evolved. We conducted more interviews, some of which made it into the final script, and others didn’t but helped shape the play. Then Trump was elected. Then COVID. Now Biden. The play kept changing into the one you are seeing today.
But the goal always remained the same: to create an emotionally compelling and thought-provoking piece of theatre that would further public awareness of what is occurring – both humanizing the people who are affected and stimulating a broader questioning of the laws and policy choices that are fueling it. I hope it has accomplished that.
CREW
|
|||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 27
|
https://www.facebook.com/sagawardsofficialpage/videos/outstanding-performance-by-a-cast-in-a-motion-picture/1850442265145114/
|
en
|
We're smiling from ear to ear 🤟 CODA receives the Actor® for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture! #sagawards
|
[] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null |
We're smiling from ear to ear 🤟 CODA receives the Actor® for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture! #sagawards
|
de
|
https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/rsrc.php/yT/r/aGT3gskzWBf.ico
|
https://www.facebook.com/sagawardsofficialpage/videos/outstanding-performance-by-a-cast-in-a-motion-picture/1850442265145114/
| ||||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
0
| 1
|
https://variety.com/lists/every-sag-awards-cast-ensemble-film-winner/
|
en
|
Every SAG Cast Ensemble Film Winner (Since 1994)
|
[
"https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=6035310&c4=&cv=3.9&cj=1",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/SAG-Awards-Ceremony.jpg?w=1000&h=563&crop=1",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/MCDEVEV_EC092-e1660712042570.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Coda-Movie-French-Remake.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Trial-of-the-Chicago-7.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/0406df109cf6171d7cb1ec49d676069c.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MCDBLPA_EC167-e1645230576850.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MCDTHBI_FS007.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/hidden-figures-diversity.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/Spotlight.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MCDBIRD_FE020-e1645230883944.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MCDAMHU_EC001-e1645231117926.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MCDARGO_EC014-e1645231183914.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MCDHELP_EC012-e1645231220107.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MCDKISP_EC060.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/ib_03675.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MCDSLMI_FS128.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/No-Country-for-Old-Men.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Little-Miss-Sunshine.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/Crash.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MCDSIDE_FE018.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MCDLOOF_EC164-1.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MCDCHIC_EC061.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MCDGOPA_EC005.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MSDTRAF_EC009.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MSDAMBE_EC055.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MSDSHIN_EC024.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MSDFUMO_FE024.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MSDBIRD_EC043-e1645234939717.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MCDAPTH_EC028-e1645235155111.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Forrest-Gump.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/everything-everywhere.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://pixel.quantserve.com/pixel?a.1=&a.2=p-31f3D02tYU8zY",
"https://px.ads.linkedin.com/collect/?pid=1429113&fmt=gif"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Clayton Davis"
] |
2023-04-05T19:45:00+00:00
|
Every SAG Awards cast ensemble winner including "Chicago," "Lord of the Rings," "Black Panther," "Parasite" and "Everything Everywhere All at Once."
|
en
|
Variety
|
https://variety.com/lists/every-sag-awards-cast-ensemble-film-winner/
|
SAG Notable Facts and Figures
Thirteen winners for best cast ensemble have won the Oscar for best picture.
Four films have won the Oscar for best picture without being nominated for cast ensemble: “Braveheart” (1995), “The Shape of Water” (2017), “Green Book” (2018) and “Nomadland” (2020).
Only one film has won cast ensemble without being nominated for best picture: MGM/UAR’s “The Birdcage” (1996)
11 women have directed films nominated for cast ensemble: Jocelyn Moorhouse (“How to Make an American Quilt”), Valerie Faris (“Little Miss Sunshine”), Kathryn Bigelow (“The Hurt Locker”), Lone Scherfig (“An Education”), Lisa Cholodenko (“The Kids Are All Right”), Dee Rees (“Mudbound”), Greta Gerwig (“Lady Bird”), Regina King (“One Night in Miami”), Siân Heder (“CODA”) and Sarah Polley (“Women Talking”). None have done it a second time. Faris and Heder are the only winners to date.
The directors whose movies have been nominated for cast ensemble the most: Clint Eastwood, Ron Howard, Peter Jackson, David O. Russell, Martin Scorsese and Ridley Scott’s films have been nominated three times.
No director has helmed a SAG ensemble winner more than once.
The record for the most nominations for cast ensemble solely is Cate Blanchett and Brad Pitt with seven each.
The studio that has won the most cast ensemble prizes – Fox Searchlight Pictures (now Searchlight Pictures) with six: “The Full Monty” (1997), “Sideways” (2004), “Little Miss Sunshine” (2006), “Slumdog Millionaire” (2008), “Birdman” (2014) and “Three Billboards outside Ebbing, Missouri” (2017)
A24 is the only studio to win five film awards in one year: 2022 with “Everything Everywhere All at Once” and its actors Michelle Yeoh, Ke Huy Quan and Jamie Lee Curtis, and Brendan Fraser (“The Whale”).
“Everything Everywhere All at Once” holds the record for the most wins with four — cast ensemble, actress, supporting actor and supporting actress.
Five movies have received the most SAG Award nominations in one year, with five apiece: “Shakespeare in Love” (1998), “Chicago” (2002), “Doubt” (2008), “The Banshees of Inisherin” and “Everything Everywhere All at Once” “Banshees” is the only film not to win any of its categories.
The studio with the most nominations for cast ensemble: Fox Searchlight Pictures (now Searchlight Pictures) with 16.
Two studios have had the most films nominated for cast ensemble in a single year – Netflix in 2020 (“Da 5 Bloods,” “Ma Rainey’s Black Bottom” and “The Trial of the Chicago 7”) and Miramax has done it twice: in 1996 (“The English Patient,” “Marvin’s Room” and “Sling Blade”) and 1998 (“Life is Beautiful,” “Little Voice” and “Shakespeare in Love”). 1996 is the only year that all three of its nominees lost, coincidentally, to a film that wasn’t nominated for best picture, “The Birdcage.”
|
|||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
2
| 64
|
http://theshakespeareblog.com/tag/antony-sher/
|
en
|
The Shakespeare blog
|
[
"http://theshakespeareblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/cropped-headerDSCN3142.jpg",
"https://static.addtoany.com/buttons/share_save_256_24.png",
"https://static.addtoany.com/buttons/share_save_256_24.png",
"https://static.addtoany.com/buttons/share_save_256_24.png",
"https://static.addtoany.com/buttons/share_save_256_24.png",
"https://static.addtoany.com/buttons/share_save_256_24.png",
"https://static.addtoany.com/buttons/share_save_256_24.png",
"https://static.addtoany.com/buttons/share_save_256_24.png",
"https://static.addtoany.com/buttons/share_save_256_24.png",
"https://static.addtoany.com/buttons/share_save_256_24.png",
"https://static.addtoany.com/buttons/share_save_256_24.png"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null |
en
| null |
The day before Shakespeare’s Birthday, 22 April 2022, Gregory Doran announced that he was standing down from his post as Artistic Director of the Royal Shakespeare Company. He’s held it for 10 years, a period of political unrest with issues … Continue reading →
The Shakespeare event of the Bank Holiday weekend is the new version of King Lear to be screened by BBC2 on Monday 28 May 2018. And hopefully people won’t be too tired after a day having fun to tune in, … Continue reading →
The annual Olivier Awards ceremony took place on 8 April 2018, and this year, sadly, there were no awards for any Shakespeare productions. Even more unusually, there were only three nominations, all for Robert Icke’s production of Hamlet at the … Continue reading →
On 27 July 1967 the Sexual Offences Act received Royal Approval in the UK, making private homosexual acts between men over the age of 21 legal. In the intervening fifty years attitudes have changed profoundly. Back in 1953 the newly-knighted … Continue reading →
The Winter’s Tale, with its theme of the pain of loss followed by the joy of resurrection, is a play that is particularly appropriate around Easter and Shakespeare’s Birthday, while the portrayal of mental illness makes it very much a … Continue reading →
All the large Shakespeare organisations are celebrating the four-hundredth anniversary of Shakespeare’s death in 2016 with events to show that Shakespeare is universal, appealing to people of all ages and backgrounds. As befits the best-funded Shakespeare company in the UK … Continue reading →
In 2013 Downton Abbey author Julian Fellowes was hauled over the coals for his film adaptation of Romeo and Juliet, in which he rewrote large chunks of Shakespeare’s famous and much-loved play. His explanation just got him into more trouble: … Continue reading →
On Saturday 31 October 2015 the BBC screened a new adaptation of Ronald Harwood’s play The Dresser, famously made into a film. It tells the story of one fateful night in a provincial repertory theatre during World War 2, and … Continue reading →
The Radio 4 Book of the Week beginning on 4 May 2015 was Antony Sher’s Year of the Fat Knight: the Falstaff Diaries, his account of the process of preparing for and performing Falstaff in Henry IV parts 1 and … Continue reading →
Earlier in the week I wrote about some of the projects in Stratford-upon-Avon timed for completion at the 400th anniversary of Shakespeare’s death in April 2016. The Royal Shakespeare Company and Birmingham University have also announced a five-year collaboration centred on … Continue reading →
|
|||||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
2
| 48
|
https://www.ksat.com/entertainment/2021/12/03/acclaimed-shakespearean-actor-antony-sher-dies-at-72/
|
en
|
Acclaimed Shakespearean actor Antony Sher dies at 72
|
[
"https://t.gmg.io/header/favicon/ksat.svg",
"https://www.ksat.com/static-resources/shared/images/omneLogo.svg",
"https://www.ksat.com/static-resources/shared/images/gmg_dark.svg",
"https://www.ksat.com/static-resources/shared/images/gd_dark.svg"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
"Harriet Walter",
"John Kani",
"Queen Elizabeth II",
"Primo Levi",
"Arts",
"Arthur Miller",
"entertainment",
"Harvey Fierstein"
] | null |
[
"Jill Lawless",
"Associated Press"
] |
2021-12-03T00:00:00
|
Antony Sher, one of the most acclaimed Shakespearean actors of his generation, has died aged 72.
|
en
|
/pf/resources/images/ksat/favicon.ico?d=758
|
KSAT
|
https://www.ksat.com/entertainment/2021/12/03/acclaimed-shakespearean-actor-antony-sher-dies-at-72/
|
LONDON – Antony Sher, one of the most acclaimed Shakespearean actors of his generation, has died aged 72, the Royal Shakespeare Company said Friday.
Sher had been diagnosed with terminal cancer earlier this year. His husband, Royal Shakespeare Company Artistic Director Gregory Doran, took leave from his job to care for him.
Born in Cape Town, South Africa in 1949, Sher moved to Britain in the late 1960s to study drama. He joined the RSC in 1982 and had a breakthrough role in 1984 as the usurping king in “Richard III.”
He went on to play most of Shakespeare’s meaty male roles, including Falstaff in the “Henry IV” plays, Leontes in “The Winter’s Tale,” Shylock in “The Merchant of Venice,” Iago in “Othello” and the title characters in “Macbeth” and “King Lear.”
Non-Shakespearean roles for the company, based in the Bard’s hometown of Stratford-upon-Avon, included Willy Loman in Arthur Miller's “Death of a Salesman” and the title role in Moliere's “Tartuffe.”
Sher also performed with Liverpool’s innovative Everyman Theatre and at many of London’s main theaters, getting his first West End starring role as a drag artist in Harvey Fierstein’s “Torch Song Trilogy.” He won the 1985 best-actor Olivier Award jointly for “Torch Song Trilogy” and “Richard III.”
He gained a second Olivier, as well as a Tony Award nomination for playing artist Stanley Spencer in Pam Gems’ “Stanley” at the National Theatre and on Broadway.
After winning acclaim as a pillar of British theater, Sher began to explore both his Jewish and his South African heritage.
He adapted Primo Levi’s powerful Auschwitz memoir “If This is a Man” into a one-man stage show, “Primo,” that ran on Broadway in 2005.
He created the solo show despite being afflicted with debilitating stage fright.
“If you suffer from stage fright, is it a good idea to perform a one-man show? The answer, surprisingly, turns out to be yes,” Sher told the Associated Press in 2005. “It is the best cure for stage fright in the world, because it’s make or break. There’s no middle ground.”
Sher's last role for the RSC came in 2019 in South African writer John Kani’s “Kunene and The King.” Sher played a veteran actor diagnosed with cancer, looked after by a Black South African carer.
Kani, who starred opposite Sher, said the two men had been “comrades in the struggle for a better South Africa.”
On television, Sher starred as a memorably sleazy university lecturer in 1981 BBC series “The History Man.” His film roles included Dr. Moth in “Shakespeare in Love,” Benjamin Disraeli in “Mrs Brown” and Adolf Hitler in “Churchill: The Hollywood Years.”
Sher also wrote several novels and theatrical memoirs, along with an autobiography, “Beside Myself,” and exhibited his paintings and drawings in galleries. He was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II in 2000, becoming Sir Antony Sher.
“I think he always felt like an outsider and his outsider’s vision was his strength,” said Harriet Walter, who starred opposite Sher in “Macbeth” and “Death of a Salesman.”
“He had abundant creative energy and protean powers and an almost clinical curiosity about what makes people tick,” she said.
Shakespeare scholar James Shapiro said Sher’s performances “profoundly deepened my understanding of Shakespeare.”
“He was a brilliant actor and an incredibly kind and thoughtful person,” Shapiro said. “Hamlet put it best: “take him for all in all, I shall not look upon his like again.’”
Sher and Doran were one of the first couples to have a civil partnership in Britain after same-sex unions were legalized in 2005. They married in 2015 when the U.K. legalized gay marriage.
|
||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 8
|
https://www.vulture.com/article/2024-sag-awards-full-winners-list.html
|
en
|
Here’s the Complete List of 2024 SAG Awards Winners
|
[
"https://assets.nymag.com/media/components/customer-alert-banner/alert.svg",
"https://assets.nymag.com/media/components/customer-alert-banner/double_chevron.svg",
"https://assets.nymag.com/media/components/customer-alert-banner/close_x.svg",
"https://pyxis.nymag.com/v1/imgs/de2/ba4/7147d133883cc04c3973e7f848f3c865d8-1724Cov-4x5-Pets.w240.jpg",
"https://pyxis.nymag.com/v1/imgs/710/84f/1d69dd0c0c4fc766b8f76df35018776677-Tom-Smythe.2x.rsquare.w168.jpg",
"https://pyxis.nymag.com/v1/imgs/ca9/ac4/bd6b8c8f8a4b77150a2d695ca4f9ed8404-lily-gladstone-sag-award.rsquare.w330.jpg",
"https://pyxis.nymag.com/v1/imgs/916/6fb/6e0a374c2f444abd47986f7b0c42aa76b1-biden-dnc.2x.rsquare-zoom.w75.jpg",
"https://pyxis.nymag.com/v1/imgs/af0/a9d/39afdb112cd248807fbbaa0109a91eb545-bridesmaid-friendship-breakups.2x.rsquare-zoom.w75.png",
"https://pyxis.nymag.com/v1/imgs/e06/cec/cb6625fac236c8eb081e0c7ec04ddc307d-Kathy-Hochul.2x.rsquare-zoom.w75.jpg",
"https://pyxis.nymag.com/v1/imgs/58b/68a/06c07aa2782aa5a321b6c1cbd52c6ba275-brian-cox.rsquare.w536.jpg",
"https://pyxis.nymag.com/v1/imgs/8a6/b5a/4ebabc30daab786befd4e30e972b7baa19-blink-twice-channing-tatum.rsquare.w536.jpg ",
"https://pyxis.nymag.com/v1/imgs/169/c5a/2aa1bcba1fbd091a25ca513a113aa5527f-NUP-204988-01745.rsquare.w536.jpg",
"https://pyxis.nymag.com/v1/imgs/96d/425/53078780f51ad105dd0803b93396c3bc8b-doja-joseph-quinn.rsquare.w536.jpg",
"https://pyxis.nymag.com/v1/imgs/0c8/784/0c604ef2ca29e1194af7dec49d355b1fc9-itendswithus-boxoffice.rsquare.w536.jpg",
"https://pyxis.nymag.com/v1/imgs/ee0/a63/55ca18ed66b5168daa8f3a02568b4c055f-didi-ending.rsquare.w536.jpg",
"https://pyxis.nymag.com/v1/imgs/80f/4bd/e7a242e5892e378074b3cf8522a7a4eeb5-crossword-8-19-2024.rsquare.w536.jpg",
"https://pyxis.nymag.com/v1/imgs/c9e/47b/6dbb9e02880409399c88db2c90da361d07-cinematrix-8-19-2024.rsquare.w536.jpg",
"https://pyxis.nymag.com/v1/imgs/f56/625/8fa5ad2910ff8d9f449b8f9f1e4fde7fd9-snowpiercer-s4-ep5.rsquare.w536.jpg",
"https://pyxis.nymag.com/v1/imgs/e43/66c/082d1b6af43adc0195b217b87c66ffff05-kit-harington-harry-lawtey.rsquare.w536.jpg",
"https://pyxis.nymag.com/v1/imgs/1d3/ba5/f96fb3423283b86ded1feb8f10192ff4c7-industry-season-3-ep2.rsquare.w536.jpg",
"https://pyxis.nymag.com/v1/imgs/e7f/1d5/b6fc5ee714eaad45bba634f2a8940e53f8-dakota-chris-dating.rsquare.w536.jpg",
"https://pyxis.nymag.com/v1/imgs/b3e/f86/df8a28b140113227cbf54eeac644e4f02b-john-aprea.rsquare.w536.jpg",
"https://pyxis.nymag.com/v1/imgs/602/41a/e1e91b5e848b8952c3e621bd674ff50fe1-taylor-swift-chappell-roan.rsquare.w536.png",
"https://pyxis.nymag.com/v1/imgs/762/c68/264113a488680b1231344cf2b8506b76ce-alain-delon.rsquare.w536.jpg",
"https://pyxis.nymag.com/v1/imgs/739/0dc/6f46684429131a1590c178af50cc52c158-cinematrix-8-18-2024.rsquare.w536.jpg",
"https://pyxis.nymag.com/v1/imgs/0b6/b01/85797dbd5c24fecf372b814a74a9cfbd3d-GettyImages-2167010760.rsquare.w536.jpg",
"https://pyxis.nymag.com/v1/imgs/5fc/762/763c61e620a21c70807ea2da3abdbc9bc2-alien-romulus.rsquare.w536.jpg",
"https://pyxis.nymag.com/v1/imgs/ce5/13c/5c268093fcdbe7b7a40306baaea5dd1592-The-Morning-Show-Photo-030111.rsquare.w536.jpg",
"https://pyxis.nymag.com/v1/imgs/dc0/746/b6c487546978eac371477597b9f4f8b6e3-streamliner-8-14-2024.rsquare.w536.jpg"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Tom Smyth"
] |
2024-02-24T19:00:40.423000-05:00
|
The Screen Actors Guild Awards are being held tonight, and for the first time ever are set to air live on Netflix. Here’s the full list of this year’s winners.
|
en
|
Vulture
|
https://www.vulture.com/article/2024-sag-awards-full-winners-list.html
|
The 30th Annual Screen Actors Guild Awards were held at the Shrine Auditorium & Expo Hall in Los Angeles on February 24, and for the very first time streamed live on Netflix. The ceremony had no host, which meant Nick and Vanessa Lachey were saved from struggling through another Netflix live show, and instead Idris Elba hijacked the show. In addition to that ill-fated Love Is Blind reunion, Netflix also streamed live broadcasts of a Chris Rock comedy special and a celebrity golf tournament last year, so it was a little bold of them to think they could get through the show with no issues or lags. (And for the most part, minus one pesky teleprompter, they did.)
This year, Oppenheimer and Barbie led with the most nominations, each earning four, and Barbra Streisand received the Lifetime Achievement Award, presented to her by fellow funny girl Jennifer Aniston and surprise guest Bradley Cooper. Among the show’s all-star presenters, viewers witnessed a groundbreaking Devil Wears Prada reunion with Meryl Streep, Anne Hathaway, and Emily Blunt.
Here’s the full list of this year’s winners.
Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture
American Fiction
Barbie
The Color Purple
Killers of the Flower Moon
Oppenheimer
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role
Annette Bening (Nyad)
Lily Gladstone (Killers of the Flower Moon)
Carey Mulligan (Maestro)
Margot Robbie (Barbie)
Emma Stone (Poor Things)
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role
Bradley Cooper (Maestro)
Colman Domingo (Rustin)
Paul Giamatti (The Holdovers)
Cillian Murphy (Oppenheimer)
Jeffrey Wright (American Fiction)
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Supporting Role
Emily Blunt (Oppenheimer)
Danielle Brooks (The Color Purple)
Penélope Cruz (Ferrari)
Jodie Foster (Nyad)
Da’Vine Joy Randolph (The Holdovers)
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Supporting Role
Sterling K. Brown (American Fiction)
Willem Dafoe (Poor Things)
Robert De Niro (Killers of the Flower Moon)
Robert Downey Jr. (Oppenheimer)
Ryan Gosling (Barbie)
Outstanding Action Performance by a Stunt Ensemble in a Motion Picture
Barbie
Guardians of the Galaxy
Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny
John Wick: Chapter 4
Mission Impossible — Dead Reckoning Part One
Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series
The Crown
The Gilded Age
The Last of Us
The Morning Show
Succession
Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series
Abbott Elementary
Barry
The Bear
Only Murders in the Building
Ted Lasso
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Television Movie or Limited Series
Uzo Aduba (Painkiller)
Kathryn Hahn (Tiny Beautiful Things)
Brie Larson (Lessons in Chemistry)
Bel Powley (A Small Light)
Ali Wong (Beef)
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Television Movie or Limited Series
Matt Bomer (Fellow Travelers)
Jon Hamm (Fargo)
David Oyelowo (Lawman: Bass Reeves)
Tony Shalhoub (Mr. Monk’s Last Case)
Steven Yeun (Beef)
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series
Jennifer Aniston (The Morning Show)
Elizabeth Debicki (The Crown)
Bella Ramsey (The Last of Us)
Keri Russell (The Diplomat)
Sarah Snook (Succession)
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Drama Series
Brian Cox (Succession)
Billy Crudup (The Morning Show)
Kieran Culkin (Succession)
Matthew Macfadyen (Succession)
Pedro Pascal (The Last of Us)
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Comedy Series
Alex Borstein (The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel)
Rachel Brosnahan (The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel)
Quinta Brunson (Abbott Elementary)
Ayo Edebiri (The Bear)
Hannah Waddingham (Ted Lasso)
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Comedy Series
Brett Goldstein (Ted Lasso)
Bill Hader (Barry)
Ebon Moss-Bachrach (The Bear)
Jason Sudeikis (Ted Lasso)
Jeremy Allen White (The Bear)
|
|||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
0
| 10
|
https://www.imdb.com/list/ls538131901/
|
en
|
Screen Actors Guild Awards Memoriam 2021-2022 (Fan-Made):
|
[
"https://fls-na.amazon.com/1/batch/1/OP/A1EVAM02EL8SFB:135-4993598-8438868:XEYCWPSRVHPTFGNF8KQB$uedata=s:%2Fuedata%2Fuedata%3Fstaticb%26id%3DXEYCWPSRVHPTFGNF8KQB:0",
"https://m.media-amazon.com/images/M/MV5BMTk0MDI4ODk5NF5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTcwMzg3ODQ3MQ@@._V1_QL75_UX60_CR0,0,60,60_.jpg",
"https://m.media-amazon.com/images/M/MV5BMTk1MzU4NTAzNF5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTcwMjk5ODgxOA@@._V1_QL75_UX60_CR0,0,60,60_.jpg",
"https://m.media-amazon.com/images/M/MV5BMTQxMTY2NjE1NF5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTcwNjIyMjM2MQ@@._V1_QL75_UX60_CR0,0,60,60_.jpg",
"https://m.media-amazon.com/images/M/MV5BMTg3NDcwMjM2Nl5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTYwMjQzNzI2._V1_QL75_UX60_CR0,0,60,60_.jpg",
"https://m.media-amazon.com/images/M/MV5BMTk3MzY0MTM5OF5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTYwMDg0ODQ2._V1_QL75_UX60_CR0,0,60,60_.jpg",
"https://m.media-amazon.com/images/M/MV5BMTk3MzA0MzM1OF5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTcwNDkwNDkxOA@@._V1_QL75_UX60_CR0,0,60,60_.jpg",
"https://m.media-amazon.com/images/M/MV5BY2Y2ZmIxNWMtOWIxYi00ZDAyLWJiMWItZDYyMWMyMjZhZWEyXkEyXkFqcGdeQXVyMTEwODg2MDY@._V1_QL75_UY60_CR14,0,60,60_.jpg",
"https://m.media-amazon.com/images/M/MV5BNzE3ODA0MDI2MF5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTgwMDA1MzE2MTI@._V1_QL75_UX60_CR0,0,60,60_.jpg",
"https://m.media-amazon.com/images/M/MV5BMTQxOTkzNDg5NV5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTYwNTk1MTY0._V1_QL75_UX60_CR0,0,60,60_.jpg",
"https://m.media-amazon.com/images/M/MV5BMTQ2MDM2OTU0MV5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTgwMDk2MTIzNTE@._V1_QL75_UY60_CR15,0,60,60_.jpg",
"https://m.media-amazon.com/images/M/MV5BMTI4MTAwNDUxMV5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTcwODI0MDgzMw@@._V1_QL75_UX60_CR0,0,60,60_.jpg",
"https://m.media-amazon.com/images/M/MV5BMTMwMjg2MDE0Nl5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTYwMzg1NDM2._V1_QL75_UY60_CR9,0,60,60_.jpg",
"https://m.media-amazon.com/images/M/MV5BOGQzM2EzYjYtOTViMy00ZDVjLTk4ZWEtYTRkZDdkZjBkMjE3XkEyXkFqcGdeQXVyMzI5NDcxNzI@._V1_QL75_UX60_CR0,0,60,60_.jpg",
"https://m.media-amazon.com/images/M/MV5BOWY1MmNmZGYtMmU4OS00ZjhjLTgzZjEtZjA0NzQ4ZmZiZmU0XkEyXkFqcGdeQXVyMjAxNzE2OTY@._V1_QL75_UX60_CR0,0,60,60_.jpg",
"https://m.media-amazon.com/images/M/MV5BZGNiN2YzNGItN2VkZi00M2RhLWE4ODYtZjYxOTY2NmZlNDM5XkEyXkFqcGdeQXVyNTM3MDMyMDQ@._V1_QL75_UY60_CR10,0,60,60_.jpg",
"https://m.media-amazon.com/images/M/MV5BMjkwMTM2MjEtMzlmNy00ZDRlLTk3NmMtODQyZmYzNjBjZjgxXkEyXkFqcGdeQXVyNjY1MTg4Mzc@._V1_QL75_UX60_CR0,0,60,60_.jpg",
"https://m.media-amazon.com/images/M/MV5BMTYyMzI5MTM5OF5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTYwNTU4OTM2._V1_QL75_UX60_CR0,0,60,60_.jpg",
"https://m.media-amazon.com/images/M/MV5BNWI2OTgxYzUtMjRiNy00YWVlLWJmNjItNzJiY2RiYmI3YzIyXkEyXkFqcGdeQXVyMTExNDQ2MTI@._V1_QL75_UX60_CR0,0,60,60_.jpg",
"https://m.media-amazon.com/images/M/MV5BMjAyOTY5MTkzOV5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTYwMDYxMDU0._V1_QL75_UX60_CR0,0,60,60_.jpg",
"https://m.media-amazon.com/images/M/MV5BMTY1MzQ4MjQwNV5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTcwMzMwMzEyMw@@._V1_QL75_UY60_CR13,0,60,60_.jpg",
"https://m.media-amazon.com/images/M/MV5BMjE1MTI1NjUxMV5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTgwNTUyODM0MTE@._V1_QL75_UX60_CR0,0,60,60_.jpg",
"https://m.media-amazon.com/images/M/MV5BODY1Mjk4ODc4NF5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTYwMDY2MDAz._V1_QL75_UX60_CR0,0,60,60_.jpg",
"https://m.media-amazon.com/images/M/MV5BMjAxMTU3MjM2OV5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTcwMTk2Njg4Mw@@._V1_QL75_UX60_CR0,0,60,60_.jpg",
"https://m.media-amazon.com/images/M/MV5BMjA1MzY4NDE4NF5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTcwMTA0NDQyMQ@@._V1_QL75_UX60_CR0,0,60,60_.jpg",
"https://m.media-amazon.com/images/M/MV5BMTY2ODkzMzk4NV5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTYwNTc3NDI0._V1_QL75_UX60_CR0,0,60,60_.jpg",
"https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/IMDb/Mobile/DesktopQRCode-png.png",
"https://fls-na.amazon.com/1/batch/1/OP/A1EVAM02EL8SFB:135-4993598-8438868:XEYCWPSRVHPTFGNF8KQB$uedata=s:%2Fuedata%2Fuedata%3Fnoscript%26id%3DXEYCWPSRVHPTFGNF8KQB:0"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null |
This list isn't real, it's fan-made.
|
en
|
IMDb
|
https://www.imdb.com/list/ls538131901/
|
Edward Asner was born of Russian Jewish parentage in Kansas City, to Morris David Asner (founder and owner of the Kansas City-based Asner Iron & Metal Company) and his wife Elizabeth "Lizzie" (Seliger). After attending college, Ed worked various jobs, including in a steel mill, as a door-to-door salesman and on an assembly line for General Motors. Between 1947 and 1949, he attended the University of Chicago. The onset of the Korean War saw him drafted into the U.S. Army Signals Corps and posted to France where he was primarily assigned clerical tasks. Upon demobilization, Asner joined the Playwrights Theatre Company in Chicago but soon progressed to New York. In 1955, he appeared off-Broadway in the leading role of the beggar king Jonathan Peachum in Brecht's Threepenny Opera. Five years later, he made his debut on the Great White Way in the courtroom drama Face of a Hero, co-starring alongside Jack Lemmon. He also began regular TV work in anthology drama.
From the early '60s, Asner, now based in California, earned his living as a busy supporting actor. His many noted guest appearances included turns in Route 66 (1960), Chicago 1930 (1959), Auf der Flucht (1963), Die Seaview - In geheimer Mission (1964) (sinister dictator-in-exile Brynov), Invasion von der Wega (1967) (twice -- as aliens) and How the Ghosts Stole Christmas (1998) (one of a couple of ghostly residents in a haunted mansion). Heavy-set and distinctively gravelly-voiced, Asner established his reputation as tough, robust and uncompromising (though, on occasion, good-hearted) authority figures. Excellent at conveying menace, he was memorably cast as the brutish patriarch Axel Jordache in Reich & arm (1976) and as the slave ship's morally conflicted master, Captain Thomas Davies, in Roots: The Complete Miniseries (1977), which earned him a Primetime Emmy Award in 1977. The immensely prolific Asner (417 IMDB screen credits!) would receive seven Emmys in total (from 21 nominations), all Primetime, and become the only actor to win in both the comedy and drama category for the same role. That was also the part which made Asner a household name: the gruff, snarky newspaper editor Lou Grant (1977). Grant began as a mainstay on Oh Mary (1970), a 30-minute sitcom.
When the character was promoted to West Coast editor of The Los Angeles Tribune, Asner went on to star in his own much acclaimed drama series. Despite consistently high ratings, the show was axed after five seasons amid rumours of disharmony between the star and producers, possibly due to the former's outspoken political views. Indeed, Asner has been a controversial figure as an activist and campaigner, engaged in a variety of humanitarian and political issues. A self-proclaimed liberal Democrat, he published a book in 2017, amusingly titled "The Grouchy Historian: An Old-Time Lefty Defends Our Constitution Against Right-Wing Hypocrites and Nutjobs."
Between 1981 and 1985, Asner served twice as President of the Screen Actors Guild, during which time he was critical of former SAG President Ronald Reagan -- then the president of a greater concern -- for his Central American policy. In 1996, he was inducted into the Television Hall of Fame and in 2002 received the Screen Actors Guild's Life Achievement Award. In addition to appearing on screen and stage, he performed extensive work for radio, video games and animated TV series. He voiced the lead character Carl Fredricksen in Pixar's Oscar-winning production of Oben (2009), starred as Santa in Buddy - Der Weihnachtself (2003), and played Nicholas Drago in Der Spiele-Erfinder (2014). Ed passed away in Los Angeles at the age of 91 on August 29, 2021.
Bob Saget was an American actor, stand-up comedian, and television host from Philadelphia. His best known role was playing pater familias Danny Tanner on the hit sitcom "Full House" (1987-1995). He played the character again in the sequel series "Fuller House" (2016-2020). Saget served as the original host of the long-running clip show "America's Funniest Home Videos" from 1989 to 1997. Saget voiced the narrator in the hit sitcom "How I Met Your Mother" (2005-2014), depicted as an older version of main character Ted Mosby.
In 1956, Saget was born to a Jewish family in Philadelphia. His parents were supermarket executive Benjamin Saget and hospital administrator Rosalyn "Dolly" Saget. The Saget family eventually moved to Norfolk, Virginia. Bob received his early religious education at Temple Israel, a synagogue of Norfolk which adhered to Conservative Judaism. He was reportedly a rebellious student.
Saget spend part of his high school years in Los Angeles, where he befriended veteran comedian Larry Fine (1902-1975). He attended a Philadelphia high school during his senior year. He was originally interested in a medical career but his English teacher Elaine Zimmerman convinced Saget to aspire to an acting or filmmaking career instead.
Saget received his college education at the "Center for the Performing and Cinematic Arts", a college associated with the Temple University of Philadelphia. One of his student films won a merit award at the Student Academy Awards. He graduated college with a Bachelor of Arts in 1978. He had already started performing in comedy clubs during his college years.
In 1978, Saget intended to take graduate courses at the University of Southern California. He dropped out due to health-related problems. He almost died due to a gangrenous appendix, costing him a loss of confidence. He decided afterwards to lose some weight, in the belief that it would improve his health.
Following his graduation, Saget spend about a decade working mostly as a comedian. He appeared in minor acting roles in both films and television. In 1987, Saget was performing comedy bits for the short-lived non-fiction show "The Morning Program". The show offered a mix of "news, entertainment and comedy", but was canceled due to low ratings.
Saget's big break came when he was chosen to portray widowed father Danny Tanner in the sitcom "Full House" (1987-1995). The series depicted Danny's efforts to raise three young daughters, with the assistance of his best friends. The show suffered from poor viewership in its first season, but attracted a family audience due to its portrayal of the struggles associated with parenting. By its third season, it was ranked among Nielsen's Top 30 shows. Saget became a household name, and the series lasted for 8 seasons and 192 episodes. The series was eventually canceled due to its increasing production costs. Its rating had remained high until its final episode.
In 1989, Saget was chosen as the host of the clip show "America's Funniest Home Videos". The show featured humorous homemade videos which were submitted by its viewers, often highlighting physical comedy, pranks, or unusual behavior by children and pets. While the show was popular with viewers, Saget himself was increasingly frustrated with its repetitive format. When his contract for the show expired in 1997, Saget was not interested in negotiating for a renewal.
In 1996, Saget directed the dramatic television film "For Hope". The film depicted the struggles of a woman who is slowly dying due to being afflicted with scleroderma, an autoimmune disease with no known cure. Saget was reportedly inspired by the life and death of his sister Gay Saget, who had died due to scleroderma. The film received high ratings in its debut.
In 1998, Saget directed the comedy film "Dirty Work". It depicted two half-brothers who offer to perform revenge schemes for paying clients, but have a personal grudge against a man who reneged on a deal with them. The film under-performed at the box office, but gained a cult following due to its reputation as a "gag-fest".
From 2001 to 2002, Saget had the starring role of Matt Stewart in the sitcom "Raising Dad". The premise of the series was that widowed father Matt Stewart was trying to raise two daughter, while pursuing a teaching career at his eldest's daughter's high school. Despite the series having a similar concept to "Full House", it failed to find an audience. It lasted for a single season.
In 2005, Saget was cast as the narrator in the sitcom "How I Met Your Mother" (2005-2014). The premise of the series was that middle-aged Ted Mosby narrates his life story (and the life stories of his best friends) to his son and daughter. The series repeatedly implied that Ted was an unreliable narrator, who either embellished or censored aspects of his various stories. The series was quite popular, lasting for 9 seasons and 208 episodes.
In 2007, Saget directed the direct-to-video parody film "Farce of the Penguins". The film was a full-length parody of the documentary film "March of the Penguins" (2005), featuring penguins conversing about their love lives. It featured the voices of several then-popular actors, including several of Saget's former co-stars from "Full House".
In 2009, Saget was cast in the main role of Steve Patterson in the sitcom "Surviving Suburbia". The premise of the series was that the members of a suburban family have problems in interacting both with each other, and with their new neighbors. The series only lasted a single season, and struggled with low ratings.
In 2014, Saget published his memoirs under the title "Dirty Daddy". In 2016, a sequel series to "Full House" was introduced under the title "Fuller House". It featured the lives of two of Danny Tanner's daughters, and Danny's grandchildren. Saget played the recurring role of Danny for 15 episodes. The sequel series lasted for 5 seasons. This was Saget's last major role in a sitcom. He continued, however, to regularly host television events.
In January 2022, Saget was in Florida for a stand-up tour. On January 9, Saget was discovered dead in his hotel room at the Ritz-Carlton Orlando, located south of Orlando, Florida. He was 65-years-old. His autopsy revealed that the cause of death was blunt head trauma from an accidental blow to the back of his head, likely from a fall. He had died in his sleep. He was buried at the Mount Sinai Memorial Park Cemetery, next to the graves of his parents and his sister. Mourners honored Saget by offering donations to the charity "Scleroderma Research Foundation" (SRF), since Saget had long served in its board of directors. Saget is gone, but his popularity endures due to his acting and directing roles in several popular films and television shows.
Born on August 21, 1939, the son of a displaced musician, Harlem-born actor Clarence Williams III was raised by his musical grandparents, the legendary jazz and boogie-woogie composer/pianist Clarence Williams, who wrote such classics as "T'Aint Nobody's Business If I Do" and "Baby, Won't You Please Come Home," and blues singer Eva Taylor. While attending a local YMCA as a teen, Williams became interested in dramatics.
After a two-year hitch with the U.S. Air Force, he started his acting career, making a minor New York stage debut with "The Long Dream" in 1960. He continued impressively with roles in "Walk in Darkness" (1963), "Sarah and the Sax" (1964) and "Doubletalk" (1964), and capped his early career with a Theatre World Award and Tony-nomination for the three-person play "Slow Dance on the Killing Ground" (1964). Continuing on with powerful work in "Does a Tiger Wear a Necktie?" (1966) and "King John," Vietnam-era Hollywood finally began to take notice of his "angry young man" charisma.
His casting as former delinquent-turned-undercover cop Linc Hayes on the highly popular TV cop series Twen-Police (1968) along with fellow white partners Michael Cole and Peggy Lipton was a huge break for all three relative unknowns. Sporting a huge Afro, paisley shirts, dark shades and spouting catchprase language like "dig it" and "solid," the gap-toothed Linc (and his mod partners) showed the requisite anti-establishment defiance and coolness to attract the hip generation--while still playing good guys.
Following the series' demise in 1973, he purposely avoided the "blaxploitation" Hollywood scene and returned to the stage, notably on Broadway opposite Maggie Smith in Tom Stoppard's play "Night and Day" (1979). In the 80s he launched an enviable character career in films, often playing a cool, streetwise character or threatening menace. Among his better-known on-screen assignments is the role of Prince's abusive father in Purple Rain (1984), a burnt-out political activist in the spoof Ghettobusters (1988), the recurring part of Roger Hardy in the twisted cult TV series Das Geheimnis von Twin Peaks (1990), a good-guy cop in Jenseits der weißen Linie (1992), an rioter in the Attica-themed mini-series Against the Wall (1994) and Wesley Snipes heroin-addicted dad in Sugar Hill (1993), among others. Powerful roles on such shows as "Law & Order," "Profiler" and "Judging Amy" has kept him strongly in the limelight.
Millennium acting work included solid performances in the films Wild Christmas (2000), Ritual (2000), Blue Hill Avenue (2001), The Extreme Team (2003), Constellation (2005), The Blue Hour (2007),The Way of War (2009), A Day in the Life (2009), Der Butler (2013) and Mr. Malevolent (2018), as well as his interesting role as mysterious book store manager Philby in the lengthy Mystery Woman (2003) series of TV movies (2003-2007). Clarence also made guest appearances on TV programs, "Cold Case," "Memphis Beat," "Justified" and "Empire," to name a few.
Wed to wife Kelly until his death, Clarence was first married to actress Gloria Foster (1967-1984). The two appeared together in the movie Die lässige Welt (1963). Following their divorce, they remained friendly and, upon her death in 2001, it was he who made the formal announcement.
Long a vital, respected thespian of the classic and contemporary stage, this grand lady did not become a household name and sought-after film actress until age 56 when she turned in a glorious, Oscar-winning performance as Cher's sardonic mother in the romantic comedy Mondsüchtig (1987). Movie (and TV) fans then discovered what East coast theater-going audiences had uncovered decades before -- Olympia Dukakis was an acting treasure. Her adaptability to various ethnicities (Greek, Italian, Jewish, Eastern European, etc.), as well her chameleon-like versatility in everything from cutting edge comedy to stark tragedy, kept her in high demand for 30 years as one of Hollywood's topnotch character players.
Olympia Dukakis was born on June 20, 1931, in Lowell, Massachusetts, the daughter of Greek immigrants, Alexandra (Christos), from the Peloponnese, and Constantine S. Dukakis, from Anatolia. She majored in physical therapy at Boston University, where she graduated with a BA. Olympia practiced as a physical therapist during the polio epidemic. She later returned to her alma mater and entered the graduate program in performing arts, earning a Master of Fine Arts degree.
Olympia found early success by distinguishing herself first on stage performing in summer stock and with several repertory and Shakespearean companies throughout the county. She made her Broadway debut as an understudy in "The Aspern Papers" at age 30, followed by very short runs in the plays "Abraham Cochrane" (1964) and "Who's Who in Hell" (1974). In 1999, she premiered a one-woman play "Rose," at the National Theatre in London and subsequently on Broadway in 2000. The play earned her an Outer Critics Circle Award and Drama Desk Award nomination and she continues to tour the country with it.
Olympia was seen on the New York stage in the Roundabout Theatre's production of "The Milk Train Doesn't Stop Here Anymore" (2011), in San Francisco in A.C.T.'s production of "Vigil" (2011) and as "Prospera" in "The Tempest" (2012) at Shakespeare & Co. She has performed in over 130 productions Off-Broadway and regionally at theaters including the Public Theatre, A.C.T., Shakespeare in the Park, Shakespeare & Co., and the Williamstown Summer Theatre Festival, where she also served as Associate Director. She was seen again at Shakespeare & Co. in the summer of 2013 as the title role in "Mother Courage and Her Children."
Olympia married Yugoslav-American actor Louis Zorich in 1962. The New York-based couple went on to co-found The Whole Theatre Company in Montclair, New Jersey, and ran the company for 19 years (1971-1990). As actress, director, producer and teacher, she still found the time to raise their three young children. She also became a master instructor at New York University for fourteen years. She scored theater triumphs in "A Man's a Man," for which she won an Off-Broadway Obie Award in 1962; several productions of "The Cherry Orchard" and "Mother Courage"; "Six Characters in Search of an Author"; "The Rose Tattoo"; "The Seagull"; "The Marriage of Bette and Boo" (another Obie Award); and, more notably, her many performances as the title role in "Hecuba." A good portion of her successes was launched within the walls of her own theater company, which encouraged the birth of new and untried plays.
Olympia's prolific stage directing credits include many of the classics: "Orpheus Descending," "The House of Bernarda Alba," "Uncle Vanya," and "A Touch of the Poet," as well as the more contemporary ("One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest" and "Kennedy's Children"). She also adapted such plays as "Mother Courage" and "The Trojan Women" for the theater company. Over the duration of their marriage, she and her husband have experienced shared successes, appearing together in "Long Day's Journey Into Night," "Camino Real, "The Three Sisters" and "The Seagull," among many others. Both are master interpreters of Chekhovian plays -- one of their more recent acting collaborations was in "The Chekhov Cycle" in 2003.
Making an inauspicious debut in a bit role as a mental patient in Lilith (1964), she tended to gravitate toward off-the-wall films with various offshoots of the ethnic mother. She played mom to such leads as Dustin Hoffman in John und Mary (1969), Joseph Bologna in the cult comedy Made for Each Other (1971) and Ray Sharkey in Idolmaker - Das schmutzige Geschäft des Showbusiness (1980). Interestingly, it was her scene-stealing work on Broadway in the comedy "Social Security" (1986) that caught director Norman Jewison's eye and earned her the Mondsüchtig (1987) movie role. The Academy Award win for Best Supporting Actress was the last of a stream of awards she earned for that part, including the Los Angeles Film Critics, Golden Globe and American Comedy awards.
From then on, silver-haired Olympia was frequently first in line for a number of cream-of-the-crop matron roles: Magnolien aus Stahl - Die Stärke der Frauen (1989), Dad (1989), Kuck' mal wer da spricht! (1989), Die sieben besten Jahre (1993), Mr. Holland's Opus (1995) and Mörderisches Herz (1995).
On TV, she received high praise for her work especially for her sympathetic trans-gendered landlady Anna Madrigal in the acclaimed miniseries Armistead Maupin's Geschichten aus San Franzisko (1993) and its sequels Sweet Home San Francisco (1998) (Emmy Nominee) and Noch Mehr Stadtgeschichten (2001). She was additionally seen in episodes of Bored to Death (2009), and TV movies Die legendären blonden Bombshells (2000) (Judi Dench), Frank Sinatra - Der Weg an die Spitze (1992) (Golden Globe Nominee), and Johanna von Orleans (1999) (Emmy Nominee). This work is among more than 40 other series, mini-series and guest starring roles she accumulated over her long career. Several recurring TV roles also came her way with Center of the Universe (2004), Bored to Death (2009), Sex & Violence (2013), Forgive Me (2013), Switch (2018) and one last return to her popular Anna Madrigal role with the series sequel Stadtgeschichten (2019).
The septuagenarian hardly slowed down and continued strongly into the millennium with top supporting film credits including The Intended (2002), The Event (2003), the title role in the mystery Charlie's War (2003), The Thing About My Folks (2005), Jesus, Mary and Joey (2005), An ihrer Seite (2006), Day on Fire (2006), Im Land der Frauen (2007), The Last Keepers (2013), A Little Game (2014), 7 Chinese Brothers (2015), The Infiltrator (2016), Secret Links (2016) and Change in the Air (2018). The film Cloudburst (2011), in which she shared a co-lead with Brenda Fricker, became a critical and audience darling, winning a multitude of "Best Film" awards and several "Best Actress" honors (Seattle, San Diego) at various film festivals.
An ardent liberal and Democrat, she was the cousin of 1988 presidential nominee Michael Dukakis. Moreover, she was a strong advocate of women's rights and environmental causes. Olympia published her best-selling autobiography "Ask Me Again Tomorrow: A Life in Progress" in 2003, an introspective chronicle full of her trademark candor and wry humor. She was also a figure on the lecture circuit covering topics as widespread as life in the theater to feminism, Alzheimer's, diabetes, and osteoporosis.
A hardcore New Yorker, she resided there following the death of her husband in 2018, and until her death in May 2021. She received the Lifetime Achievement Award from the Greek America Foundation, the National Arts Club Medal of Honor, and a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
Award-winning actress Helen Elizabeth McCrory was born in London, England, to Welsh-born Anne (Morgans) and Scottish-born Iain McCrory, a diplomat from Glasgow. After training at the Drama Centre London, Helen began her career on stage in the UK and won the Manchester Evening News' Best Actress Award for her performance in the National Theatre's "Blood Wedding" and the Ian Charleson award for classical acting for playing "Rose Trelawney" in "Trelawney of the Wells." Helen's theatre work continued to win her critical praise and a large fan base through such work as the Royal Shakespeare Company's "Les Enfant du Paradis" opposite Joseph Fiennes, Rupert Graves and James Purefoy. At the Almeida Theatre, her productions included "The Triumph of Love" opposite Chiwetel Ejiofor and the radical verse production, "Five Gold Rings," opposite Damian Lewis.
Helen also worked extensively at the Donmar Warehouse playing lead roles in "How I Learnt to Drive," "Old Times" directed by Roger Michel, and in Sam Mendes' farewell double bill of "Twelfth Night" and "Uncle Vanya" (a triumph in both London and New York). For her performance in "Twelfth Night," Helen was nominated for the Evening Standard Best Actress Award, and the New York Drama Desk Awards. She also founded the production company "The Public" with Michael Sheen, producing new work at the Liverpool Everyman, The Ambassadors and the Donmar (in which she also starred).
With over twenty productions under her belt, Mike Coveney recently wrote "We celebrate the careers of great actors Olivier, Ashcroft, Richardson, Gielgud, Dench, the Redgraves, Gambon, Walter, Sher, Russell Beale and McCrory."
On the small screen, Helen's first television film, Karl Francis' Streetlife (1995) with Rhys Ifans, won her the Welsh BAFTA, Monte Carlo Best Actress Award and the Royal Television Society's Best Actress Award, for her extraordinary performance as "Jo." The Edinburgh Film Festival wrote "simply the best performance this year." She went on to win Critics Circle Best Actress Award for her role as the barrister "Rose Fitzgerald" in the Channel 4 series North Square (2000), having been previously nominated for her performance in The Fragile Heart (1996). Helen showed diversity as an actress, appearing in comedies such as Lucky Jim (2003) with Stephen Tompkinson or Dead Gorgeous (2002) with Fay Ripley, as well as dramas such as Joe Wright's The Last King (2003) (for which she was nominated for the LA Television Awards) and Anna Karenina (2000).
Helen McCrory died on 16 April, 2021, in London, of cancer. She was 52, and was survived by her husband Damian Lewis and their two children.
Hardy Kruger was born Eberhard August Franz Ewald Krüger in Wedding, Berlin, the son of Auguste (Meier) and Max Krüger. At thirteen years, he became a member of the "Hitler Jugend" (Hitler Youth), as did all 13-year-old boys in Germany then. The purpose of the organization was to prepare the boys for military service. At age 15, Hardy made his film debut in a German picture (Junge Adler (1944)), but his acting career was interrupted when he was drafted into the German army in 1944 at age 16 and posted to an infantry regiment.
Years later, Hardy related how he "hated that [Nazi] uniform." During the filming of Die Brücke von Arnheim (1977) in which he portrayed a Nazi general, he wore a top-coat over his S.S. uniform between takes so as "not to remind myself of my childhood in Germany during W.W.II." It is said that, during his war years, Hardy was captured and taken prisoner by U.S. forces but attempted to escape thrice, the third time successfully.
After the war, Hardy returned to acting and, eight years later, was "discovered" by foreign film distributor J. Arthur Rank who promptly cast him in three British pictures, practically filmed back-to-back: Einer kam durch (1957), Mit dem Kopf durch die Wand (1958) and Alles spricht gegen Van Rooyen (1959), in which he appeared simply as a foreigner and not a German, as was usually the case. Following the release of these films, Hardy's career took off. Despite anti-German sentiment that still prevailed in postwar Europe, Hardy, described as "ruggedly handsome" and a "blond heartthrob," became an international favorite, paving the way to his first American role as co-star with John Wayne in the Tanganyika-shot wildlife adventure Hatari (1962).
Hardy was so taken aback by the beauty of the land, that he bought the film's location ("Momilla Farm") and built a small home for himself and a small bungalow hotel for tourists to see the animals. Hunting was forbidden on the property, and, later, a cattle farm was started with the meat being sold to local hotels. Hardy described his home there as "a sort of African Walden where I can get away from the world from time to time."
In 1979, due to the dissolution of the alliance of Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania (formerly Tanganyika), the border with Kenya was closed and remained so for half a decade which caused a serious decline in tourism. The business aspects of his property were shut down for a period of time, but eventually things picked up and the place was transformed into a proper tourist hotel known (fittingly) as Hatari Lodge.
Fluent in English, French. and German, Hardy found himself in much demand by British, French, American and German producers and became more selective in his scripts. "I'd rather sit out a picture than take a role I don't think is right for me" he would later say. He died in January 2022 in Palm Springs, California, 11 years after his last film credit.
Suzzanne Douglas is an award-winning actress of both screen and stage, whose work has led her through all walks of creative life. Driven by her desire to constantly grow as an artist, Suzzanne has developed a canon of enigmatic and complex roles, and hopes to encourage younger artists to do the same.
Her theater credits include Dorothy Brock in "42nd Street" at the Drury Lane Theaterm Mertreuil in the Baltimore Center Stage Theater's production of "Les Liaisons Dangereuses", and Kendra in George Street Playhouse's "American Son." Other theater credits include "The Tap Dance Kid", "Night in Tunisia", "Julius by Design", "The Drowning Crow", "Crowns" (NAACP Image Award for Best Ensemble), "Women of Brewster Place", and Arthur Laurent's "Hallelujah, Baby!", which he re-wrote especially for her. Suzzanne was also the first African-American to play the role of Dr. Bearing in the Pulitzer-Prize-winning play "Wit" at the George Street Playhouse.
On television, she is best known for her co-starring role with Robert Townsend in the long-running Warner Brothers sitcom "The Parent 'Hood", which is in syndication in most markets. She has also appeared in such highly acclaimed shows as CBS' "Bull" with Michael Weatherly, "The Good Wife", "Bones", and "Law & Order" ("SVU" and "Criminal Intent"). Suzzanne has also brought her numerous talents to the big screen. Her filmography runs the gamut from made-for-television, to independent, to mainstream cinema including "Whitney", "How Stella Got Her Groove Back" (Black Oscar, NAACP Image Award Nominee), "School of Rock", "The Inkwell", "Jason's Lyric", "Tap" (NAACP Image Award), the ABC remake of the classic "Sounder" (Black Reel Award, NAACP Image Award Nominee), "Black N' Blue", "Happy Yummy Chicken"--for which she wrote the title track, and "Changing the Game", which was selected for the prestigious Cannes Film Festival.
As a producer, Suzzanne won the award for Best Short film at the Hollywood Black Film Festival awards for "The Last Weekend." She co-produced Theresa Rebeck's Love on the Rocks starring Julie White.
Suzzanne's vocal talents have taken her from Broadway, starring opposite Sting in "The Threepenny Opera", to the concert halls of Russia with Jon Faddis. A singer and composer, Suzzanne performs regularly with her trio, performing music from the American Songbook as well as her original compositions. She has traveled and performed with many renowned musicians including Nate Adderley, Don Braden, T.S. Monk, Helen Sung, Stanley Turrentine, Gene Harris, and Kenney Burrell.
Suzzanne earned a Bachelor of Arts degree at Illinois State University and a Master in Music degree at the Manhattan School of Music. She is a dedicated patron of the arts and an advocate for teaching artistic expression in the educational system. Through this, she hopes to engage and empower individuals and their communities. Suzzanne is a former board member at George Street Playhouse, and a current member of the Artistic Board at Luna Stage in West Orange, NJ. She is a lifetime member of Girl Scouts of America, The National Council of Negro Women, Sigma Alpha Lambda, and Jack and Jill of America, Inc. She is an Honorary Member of Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc. where she serves on its National Board.
Gavin MacLeod's pleasing, agreeable manner on two hit TV series in the 1970s and '80s belied a number of shady villains he portrayed in his early career. Born Allan George See in Mt. Kisco, New York, on February 28, 1931, and raised in Pleasantville, he was the son of Margaret (Shea) and George See, a gas station owner who was part Chippewa Indian (Ojibwa). He followed his 1952 graduation from Ithaca College (Fine Arts major) with Air Force military duty, then moved to New York City and worked for a while as an usher and elevator operator at Radio City Music Hall. Focusing on acting, he changed his stage name to "Gavin McLeod."
A solid break on Broadway in "A Hatful of Rain" in 1956 led to a move to Los Angeles in an attempt to break into film and TV. MacLeod began to earn a minor reputation as a second-string heavy in such crime shows as "The Thin Man," "Steve Canyon," "Manhunt," "Mr. Lucky," "Peter Gunn," "Michael Shayne," "The Untouchables" and "Perry Mason." This led to a regular comedy role as part of the McHale's Navy (1962) TV series. He also managed several film roles, although far down the credits, with Laßt mich leben (1958), Der Zwang zum Bösen (1959), Mit Blut geschrieben (1959), Unternehmen Petticoat (1959), Zwölf Stunden lauert der Tod (1960), Der Spätzünder (1960), Hinter feindlichen Linien (1962) and Unternehmen Pferdeschwanz (1964). He was a member of the superb supporting cast of The Sand Pebbles (1966). He returned to Broadway in "The Captains and the Kings" in 1962.
MacLeod's career more or less flowed and ebbed until 1972, when his shiftless typecast was shattered forever. As Murray Slaughter, the balding, beaming, wisecracking, gleaming-toothed news writer on Oh Mary (1970), MacLeod became a happy household name. From then on, he could only be envisaged as a lovable schmuck and nice guy. From there he went on to another benign starring role with the TV series, Love Boat (1977), as the ingratiating Captain Stubing.
On the down side, "Love Boat" marred MacLeod's chances to be considered for more challenging work, and his inability to cope with success led to alcoholism and divorce from second wife Patti. However, he later turned his life around, remarried his wife, and they both wrote a book called "Back on Course" (1987). MacLeod continued sporadically on the musical stage ("Gypsy," "Annie Get Your Gun," "Gigi"), in TV reunions ("Love Boat" specials) and as a TV guest ("Murder, She Wrote," "Touched by an Angel," "The King of Queens," "Oz," "That 70s Show," "JAG" and "The Comeback Kid").
Emmy-nominated actor and producer Michael Kenneth Williams was one of his generation's most respected and acclaimed talents. By bringing complicated and charismatic characters to life--often with surprising tenderness--Williams established himself as a gifted and versatile performer with a unique ability to mesmerize audiences with his stunning character portrayals.
Born in 1966 in Brooklyn, Williams was best known for his remarkable work on The Wire (2002). The wit and humor that Williams brought to Omar, the whistle-happy, profanity-averse, openly gay drug dealer-robbing stickup man, earned him high praise, and made Omar one of television's most memorable characters. Williams also co-starred in HBO's critically acclaimed series Boardwalk Empire (2010), in which he played Chalky White, a 1920s bootlegger and the impeccably suited, veritable mayor of Atlantic City's African American community. In 2012, "Boardwalk Empire" won a Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series. He received his first Emmy nomination for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Limited Series or a Movie for HBO's Bessie (2015) and subsequently received his second nomination for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Limited Series for his portrayal of Freddy in HBO's The Night Of: Die Wahrheit einer Nacht (2016).
In 2018, Vice (2013) returned for its sixth season with an extended special season premiere produced by and featuring Williams as he embarked on a personal journey to expose the root of the American mass incarceration crisis: the juvenile justice system. The episode "Raised in the System" offered a frank and unflinching look at those caught up the system, exploring why the country's mass incarceration problem cannot be fixed without first addressing the juvenile justice problem. Williams investigated the solutions that local communities were employing that resulted in drastic drops in both crime and incarceration. Michael garnered his first Emmy nomination as a producer for this incredible documentary and continues to host screenings across the country as a way to educate and raise awareness.
Giving back to the community played an important role in Williams' off-camera life. He launched Making Kids Win, a charitable organization, the primary objective of which is to build community centers in urban neighborhoods that are in need of safe spaces for children to learn and play. Williams served as the ACLU's Ambassador of Smart Justice.
Williams began his career as a performer by dancing professionally at age 22. After numerous appearances in music videos and as a background dancer on concert tours for Madonna and George Michael, Williams decided to pursue acting seriously. He participated in several productions of the La MaMA Experimental Theater, the prestigious National Black Theater Company. and the Theater for a New Generation, directed by Mel Williams.
Michael K. Williams was born, raised, and resided in Brooklyn, New York, until his death on September 6, 2021.
|
|||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
2
| 3
|
https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-11473367/King-Charles-favourite-actor-Antony-Sher-leaves-2-3m-will.html
|
en
|
King Charles' favourite actor Antony Sher leaves £2.3m in his will
|
[
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/sitelogos/logo_mol.gif",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/furniture/facebook/DailyMail/DailyMail.png",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/20/88697157-0-image-m-26_1724096844092.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/17/88683833-0-image-m-10_1724086796624.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/20/88696723-0-image-m-17_1724096049269.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/21/88683253-0-image-m-13_1724099560179.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/16/88686347-0-image-m-12_1724080654715.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/21/88698359-0-image-a-23_1724099225935.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/17/88690151-0-image-a-21_1724084599691.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/17/88690157-0-image-m-12_1724084682033.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/11/88677751-0-image-a-12_1724064623039.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/07/19/21/87553549-0-image-a-26_1721421473794.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/20/88695639-0-image-a-12_1724094328387.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/11/88677587-0-image-a-10_1724064429900.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/14/11/88514093-0-image-a-80_1723630406364.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/13/88680863-0-image-m-36_1724071771444.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/13/88678407-0-image-a-30_1724071210785.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/11/88677555-0-image-m-13_1724064316435.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/16/88653947-0-image-a-14_1723995491121.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/20/88694513-0-image-m-28_1724095930074.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/17/88691601-0-image-a-71_1724086377348.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/15/88683529-0-image-a-25_1724076907546.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/16/88686023-0-There_is_a_quick_way_to_get_all_four_people_across_the_rickety_b-m-19_1724081139128.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/17/88689655-0-image-a-12_1724084397369.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/20/88697035-0-image-a-16_1724096818161.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/18/88692951-0-image-a-15_1724088631784.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2022/11/27/00/64971611-11473367-image-a-61_1669508766979.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2022/11/27/00/64971611-11473367-image-a-61_1669508766979.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2022/11/26/17/62262347-0-image-a-59_1669482938517.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2022/11/26/21/64968801-0-image-a-6_1669499165944.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2022/11/27/01/64972449-11473367-image-m-13_1669511469400.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2022/11/27/01/64972449-11473367-image-m-13_1669511469400.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/furniture/comments/articles/btn_add-your-comment.png",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/furniture/comments/articles/icon_comments_74.png",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/16/88686283-0-image-a-114_1724079927064.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/16/88686283-0-image-a-114_1724079927064.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/17/88691601-0-image-a-71_1724086377348.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/17/88691601-0-image-a-71_1724086377348.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/19/88694237-0-image-a-33_1724091281529.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/19/88694237-0-image-a-33_1724091281529.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/14/11/88514093-0-image-a-80_1723630406364.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/14/11/88514093-0-image-a-80_1723630406364.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/20/88697151-0-image-a-103_1724096772968.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/20/88697151-0-image-a-103_1724096772968.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/07/25/11/87753963-0-image-a-2_1721904402870.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/07/25/11/87753963-0-image-a-2_1721904402870.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/16/88688391-0-image-a-101_1724082270114.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/16/88688391-0-image-a-101_1724082270114.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/19/88695413-0-image-a-136_1724093822639.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/19/88695413-0-image-a-136_1724093822639.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/20/88696535-0-image-a-228_1724096838653.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/20/88696535-0-image-a-228_1724096838653.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/07/23/13/87663131-0-image-m-32_1721736378513.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/07/23/13/87663131-0-image-m-32_1721736378513.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/07/19/21/87553549-0-image-a-26_1721421473794.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/07/19/21/87553549-0-image-a-26_1721421473794.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/21/88697953-0-image-m-81_1724100153724.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/21/88697953-0-image-m-81_1724100153724.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/20/88696837-0-image-a-93_1724096350165.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/20/88696837-0-image-a-93_1724096350165.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/21/88697821-0-image-a-12_1724098418471.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/21/88697821-0-image-a-12_1724098418471.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/19/88693837-0-image-a-39_1724092024296.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/19/88693837-0-image-a-39_1724092024296.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/21/88698225-0-image-m-118_1724099028559.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/21/88698225-0-image-m-118_1724099028559.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/20/88697035-0-image-a-16_1724096818161.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/20/88697035-0-image-a-16_1724096818161.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/19/88695023-0-image-a-4_1724093642645.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/19/88695023-0-image-a-4_1724093642645.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/19/88694209-0-image-m-68_1724091150013.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/19/88694209-0-image-m-68_1724091150013.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/17/88691581-0-image-a-17_1724086448971.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/17/88691581-0-image-a-17_1724086448971.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/12/88679479-0-image-a-14_1724068567014.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/12/88679479-0-image-a-14_1724068567014.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/18/88691233-0-image-a-68_1724087930378.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/18/88691233-0-image-a-68_1724087930378.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/13/88681181-0-image-a-124_1724072087772.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/13/88681181-0-image-a-124_1724072087772.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/21/88697937-0-image-a-5_1724098493075.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/21/88697937-0-image-a-5_1724098493075.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/20/88696441-0-image-m-110_1724096665214.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/20/88696441-0-image-m-110_1724096665214.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/19/88694051-0-image-a-34_1724091441539.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/19/88694051-0-image-a-34_1724091441539.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/16/88605493-0-image-a-36_1723821733479.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/16/88605493-0-image-a-36_1723821733479.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/18/88693199-0-image-a-15_1724089189840.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/18/88693199-0-image-a-15_1724089189840.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/18/88693293-0-image-a-35_1724089676653.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/18/88693293-0-image-a-35_1724089676653.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/18/88692193-0-image-a-47_1724087066070.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/18/88692193-0-image-a-47_1724087066070.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/19/88694235-0-image-a-72_1724091224493.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/19/88694235-0-image-a-72_1724091224493.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/17/88691861-0-image-a-103_1724086777130.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/17/88691861-0-image-a-103_1724086777130.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/18/88692759-0-image-a-27_1724088215940.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/18/88692759-0-image-a-27_1724088215940.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/17/88689101-0-image-a-159_1724083280476.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/17/88689101-0-image-a-159_1724083280476.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/14/12/88473477-0-image-a-22_1723633212142.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/14/12/88473477-0-image-a-22_1723633212142.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/17/88689465-0-image-a-20_1724085504556.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/17/88689465-0-image-a-20_1724085504556.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/17/88689893-0-image-a-32_1724084377277.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/17/88689893-0-image-a-32_1724084377277.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/17/88690715-0-image-a-11_1724085489623.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/17/88690715-0-image-a-11_1724085489623.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/17/88689601-0-image-a-12_1724084017724.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/17/88689601-0-image-a-12_1724084017724.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/16/88688617-0-image-a-49_1724082434164.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/16/88688617-0-image-a-49_1724082434164.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/18/88693131-0-image-a-4_1724089044551.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/18/88693131-0-image-a-4_1724089044551.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/13/15/88481629-0-image-m-17_1723557683775.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/13/15/88481629-0-image-m-17_1723557683775.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/09/88674205-0-image-m-2_1724057855647.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/09/88674205-0-image-m-2_1724057855647.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/15/88681093-0-image-a-33_1724076798521.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/15/88681093-0-image-a-33_1724076798521.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/14/15/88522159-0-image-a-11_1723646049650.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/14/15/88522159-0-image-a-11_1723646049650.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/17/88689777-0-image-a-171_1724084187949.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/17/88689777-0-image-a-171_1724084187949.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/14/88682579-0-image-a-148_1724074295437.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/14/88682579-0-image-a-148_1724074295437.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/09/88674193-0-image-a-10_1724056124896.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/09/88674193-0-image-a-10_1724056124896.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/16/88687435-0-image-m-40_1724081166662.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/16/88687435-0-image-m-40_1724081166662.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/16/88687947-0-image-m-35_1724081526942.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/16/88687947-0-image-m-35_1724081526942.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/10/88674651-0-image-a-45_1724058894421.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/10/88674651-0-image-a-45_1724058894421.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/16/88689007-0-image-a-1_1724083067794.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/16/88689007-0-image-a-1_1724083067794.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/19/88694261-0-image-a-1_1724091313572.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/19/88694261-0-image-a-1_1724091313572.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/16/88687833-0-image-m-5_1724082962095.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/16/88687833-0-image-m-5_1724082962095.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/17/88689821-0-image-m-2_1724084318012.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/17/88689821-0-image-m-2_1724084318012.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/18/88691889-0-image-a-3_1724086835426.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/18/88691889-0-image-a-3_1724086835426.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/15/88686297-0-image-m-64_1724079401803.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/15/88686297-0-image-m-64_1724079401803.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/15/88684239-0-image-m-39_1724076455309.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/15/88684239-0-image-m-39_1724076455309.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/15/88685131-0-image-m-24_1724077698717.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/15/88685131-0-image-m-24_1724077698717.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/16/88687109-0-image-m-41_1724081523507.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/16/88687109-0-image-m-41_1724081523507.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/14/88683131-0-image-a-10_1724074890196.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/14/88683131-0-image-a-10_1724074890196.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/15/88686431-0-image-a-63_1724079568472.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/15/88686431-0-image-a-63_1724079568472.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/13/88680649-0-image-m-17_1724070790378.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/13/88680649-0-image-m-17_1724070790378.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/17/88688161-0-image-a-8_1724084063188.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/17/88688161-0-image-a-8_1724084063188.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/14/88683241-0-image-a-70_1724075145397.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/14/88683241-0-image-a-70_1724075145397.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/15/88683953-0-image-a-31_1724078006227.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/15/88683953-0-image-a-31_1724078006227.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/09/88674547-0-image-m-2_1724057147673.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/09/88674547-0-image-m-2_1724057147673.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/14/88682271-0-image-a-24_1724073964783.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/14/88682271-0-image-a-24_1724073964783.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/14/88681817-0-image-a-38_1724073775720.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/14/88681817-0-image-a-38_1724073775720.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/14/88681653-0-image-a-33_1724074950008.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/14/88681653-0-image-a-33_1724074950008.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/10/88676321-0-image-a-14_1724061260064.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/10/88676321-0-image-a-14_1724061260064.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/15/88684805-0-image-a-3_1724077347938.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/15/88684805-0-image-a-3_1724077347938.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/12/88678427-0-image-a-45_1724066054548.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/12/88678427-0-image-a-45_1724066054548.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/11/88677471-0-image-a-13_1724064025100.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/11/88677471-0-image-a-13_1724064025100.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/12/88678851-0-image-a-79_1724067287562.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/12/88678851-0-image-a-79_1724067287562.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/16/88688173-0-image-a-8_1724081845284.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/16/88688173-0-image-a-8_1724081845284.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/05/88669611-0-image-a-5_1724041628246.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/05/88669611-0-image-a-5_1724041628246.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/09/88673603-0-image-m-17_1724054699465.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/09/88673603-0-image-m-17_1724054699465.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/11/88677253-0-image-a-23_1724063651110.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/11/88677253-0-image-a-23_1724063651110.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/15/88683945-0-image-m-14_1724075996066.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/15/88683945-0-image-m-14_1724075996066.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/22/88660795-0-image-m-29_1724017066817.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/22/88660795-0-image-m-29_1724017066817.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/11/88677407-0-image-m-2_1724063874058.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/11/88677407-0-image-m-2_1724063874058.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/11/88677795-0-image-a-17_1724064944992.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/11/88677795-0-image-a-17_1724064944992.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/11/88677501-0-image-a-30_1724064214903.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/11/88677501-0-image-a-30_1724064214903.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/12/88678299-0-image-a-20_1724065928536.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/12/88678299-0-image-a-20_1724065928536.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/13/88679881-0-image-a-9_1724069405335.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/13/88679881-0-image-a-9_1724069405335.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/12/88678305-0-image-a-16_1724065727144.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/12/88678305-0-image-a-16_1724065727144.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/04/88668081-0-image-a-1_1724036433753.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/04/88668081-0-image-a-1_1724036433753.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/11/88678015-0-image-a-35_1724065159721.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/11/88678015-0-image-a-35_1724065159721.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/08/88673431-0-image-a-7_1724054050097.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/08/88673431-0-image-a-7_1724054050097.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/11/88677143-0-image-a-63_1724063379765.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/11/88677143-0-image-a-63_1724063379765.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/22/88661059-0-image-a-10_1724017409256.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/22/88661059-0-image-a-10_1724017409256.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/09/88674135-0-image-a-10_1724056781477.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/09/88674135-0-image-a-10_1724056781477.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/10/88676417-0-image-a-26_1724061422649.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/10/88676417-0-image-a-26_1724061422649.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/00/88663841-0-image-a-75_1724024364022.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/00/88663841-0-image-a-75_1724024364022.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/08/88672417-0-image-a-107_1724051119470.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/08/88672417-0-image-a-107_1724051119470.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/10/88675861-0-image-a-61_1724060351310.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/10/88675861-0-image-a-61_1724060351310.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/08/88672923-0-image-a-15_1724053255895.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/08/88672923-0-image-a-15_1724053255895.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/16/88654225-0-image-m-21_1723996529984.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/16/88654225-0-image-m-21_1723996529984.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/09/88673567-0-image-m-35_1724054447385.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/09/88673567-0-image-m-35_1724054447385.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/03/88666967-0-image-m-48_1724032856004.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/03/88666967-0-image-m-48_1724032856004.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/08/88672481-0-image-m-2_1724051419154.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/08/88672481-0-image-m-2_1724051419154.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/00/88663153-0-image-a-28_1724022704529.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/00/88663153-0-image-a-28_1724022704529.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/12/88678855-0-image-a-1_1724067030341.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/12/88678855-0-image-a-1_1724067030341.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/03/88667421-0-image-a-29_1724034433002.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/03/88667421-0-image-a-29_1724034433002.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/07/88671539-0-image-m-97_1724050331023.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/07/88671539-0-image-m-97_1724050331023.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/10/88676443-0-image-a-24_1724061488151.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/10/88676443-0-image-a-24_1724061488151.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/07/88671393-0-image-a-106_1724048192262.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/07/88671393-0-image-a-106_1724048192262.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/01/88664503-0-image-a-37_1724027389716.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/01/88664503-0-image-a-37_1724027389716.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/23/88635283-0-image-a-55_1723932328962.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/23/88635283-0-image-a-55_1723932328962.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/02/88666545-0-image-a-20_1724031221371.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/02/88666545-0-image-a-20_1724031221371.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/11/88677205-0-image-a-7_1724063583617.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/11/88677205-0-image-a-7_1724063583617.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/07/88671971-0-image-a-100_1724049527803.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/07/88671971-0-image-a-100_1724049527803.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/15/16/88568833-0-image-a-4_1723737563031.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/15/16/88568833-0-image-a-4_1723737563031.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/01/88665151-0-image-a-77_1724027129223.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/01/88665151-0-image-a-77_1724027129223.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/01/88665653-0-image-a-92_1724028306363.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/01/88665653-0-image-a-92_1724028306363.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/21/88659411-0-image-a-22_1724013356567.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/21/88659411-0-image-a-22_1724013356567.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/01/88665819-0-image-a-23_1724028778426.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/01/88665819-0-image-a-23_1724028778426.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/06/88671081-0-image-a-86_1724046953190.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/06/88671081-0-image-a-86_1724046953190.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/19/88657019-0-image-a-21_1724005968401.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/19/88657019-0-image-a-21_1724005968401.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/21/88659387-0-image-a-51_1724013218205.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/21/88659387-0-image-a-51_1724013218205.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/06/88671113-0-image-m-16_1724046953531.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/06/88671113-0-image-m-16_1724046953531.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/18/88655495-0-image-a-13_1724000677382.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/18/88655495-0-image-a-13_1724000677382.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/07/88671509-0-image-a-1_1724048419773.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/07/88671509-0-image-a-1_1724048419773.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/23/88662019-0-image-a-12_1724020198904.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/23/88662019-0-image-a-12_1724020198904.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/06/88671087-0-image-a-48_1724046883863.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/06/88671087-0-image-a-48_1724046883863.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/07/31/12/87988587-0-image-a-20_1722424077497.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/07/31/12/87988587-0-image-a-20_1722424077497.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/15/18/88571775-0-image-a-154_1723742813655.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/15/18/88571775-0-image-a-154_1723742813655.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/07/88671679-0-image-m-85_1724049240623.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/07/88671679-0-image-m-85_1724049240623.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/06/88670825-0-image-a-7_1724045742152.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/06/88670825-0-image-a-7_1724045742152.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/00/88664119-0-image-a-33_1724024797998.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/00/88664119-0-image-a-33_1724024797998.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/07/88672039-0-image-m-20_1724049701774.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/07/88672039-0-image-m-20_1724049701774.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/03/88667239-0-image-a-19_1724033379077.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/03/88667239-0-image-a-19_1724033379077.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/01/88665535-0-image-a-16_1724028131016.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/01/88665535-0-image-a-16_1724028131016.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/00/88663129-0-image-a-109_1724022510415.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/00/88663129-0-image-a-109_1724022510415.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/01/88664949-0-image-a-14_1724026420792.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/01/88664949-0-image-a-14_1724026420792.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/00/88663533-0-image-a-13_1724024017379.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/00/88663533-0-image-a-13_1724024017379.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/05/88669151-0-image-m-55_1724040188787.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/05/88669151-0-image-m-55_1724040188787.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/21/88659061-0-image-a-1_1724012267185.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/21/88659061-0-image-a-1_1724012267185.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/02/88666217-0-image-a-8_1724030058459.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/02/88666217-0-image-a-8_1724030058459.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/01/88660923-0-image-m-9_1724027438281.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/01/88660923-0-image-m-9_1724027438281.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/00/88663307-0-image-a-7_1724022818460.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/00/88663307-0-image-a-7_1724022818460.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/01/88665157-0-image-m-20_1724027034694.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/01/88665157-0-image-m-20_1724027034694.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/20/88658105-0-image-m-35_1724009602027.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/20/88658105-0-image-m-35_1724009602027.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/02/88666379-0-image-a-18_1724030721993.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/02/88666379-0-image-a-18_1724030721993.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/23/88662451-0-image-a-61_1724021084556.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/23/88662451-0-image-a-61_1724021084556.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/01/88664373-0-image-a-1_1724025926463.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/01/88664373-0-image-a-1_1724025926463.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/20/88658531-0-image-a-31_1724010667215.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/20/88658531-0-image-a-31_1724010667215.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/01/88665127-0-image-a-14_1724026927614.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/01/88665127-0-image-a-14_1724026927614.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/22/88659997-0-image-a-10_1724015439926.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/22/88659997-0-image-a-10_1724015439926.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/15/88652275-0-image-m-48_1723990586153.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/15/88652275-0-image-m-48_1723990586153.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/23/88662331-0-image-a-27_1724020780887.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/23/88662331-0-image-a-27_1724020780887.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/20/88658369-0-image-a-12_1724010660777.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/20/88658369-0-image-a-12_1724010660777.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/22/88661155-0-image-a-13_1724017930705.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/22/88661155-0-image-a-13_1724017930705.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/21/88658973-0-image-a-36_1724011809905.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/21/88658973-0-image-a-36_1724011809905.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/20/88657725-0-image-a-91_1724008074358.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/20/88657725-0-image-a-91_1724008074358.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/22/88661309-0-image-a-4_1724018372458.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/22/88661309-0-image-a-4_1724018372458.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/01/88664509-0-image-a-4_1724025733115.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/01/88664509-0-image-a-4_1724025733115.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/12/88658829-0-image-m-5_1724066512319.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/12/88658829-0-image-m-5_1724066512319.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/21/88658941-0-image-m-83_1724011737071.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/21/88658941-0-image-m-83_1724011737071.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/19/88656987-0-image-m-50_1724006773926.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/19/88656987-0-image-m-50_1724006773926.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/20/88658727-0-image-a-62_1724011055716.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/20/88658727-0-image-a-62_1724011055716.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/19/88657471-0-image-a-36_1724007373813.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/19/88657471-0-image-a-36_1724007373813.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/11/88647979-0-image-m-43_1723977021726.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/11/88647979-0-image-m-43_1723977021726.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/22/88660029-0-image-m-23_1724016204977.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/22/88660029-0-image-m-23_1724016204977.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/21/88658105-0-image-m-20_1724012901006.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/21/88658105-0-image-m-20_1724012901006.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/15/88651951-0-image-m-66_1723990401310.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/15/88651951-0-image-m-66_1723990401310.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/19/88657353-0-image-a-12_1724006898643.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/19/88657353-0-image-a-12_1724006898643.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/12/88648929-0-image-a-95_1723980498881.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/12/88648929-0-image-a-95_1723980498881.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/19/88657431-0-image-a-26_1724007213512.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/19/88657431-0-image-a-26_1724007213512.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/17/88654757-0-image-a-4_1723998499487.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/17/88654757-0-image-a-4_1723998499487.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/21/88659345-0-image-m-47_1724013668513.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/21/88659345-0-image-m-47_1724013668513.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/16/88653073-0-image-a-7_1723994753157.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/16/88653073-0-image-a-7_1723994753157.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/17/88655453-0-image-a-20_1724000399392.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/17/88655453-0-image-a-20_1724000399392.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/19/88657539-0-image-a-19_1724007455747.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/19/88657539-0-image-a-19_1724007455747.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/19/88657561-0-image-a-38_1724007599539.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/19/88657561-0-image-a-38_1724007599539.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/16/88654211-0-image-a-52_1723996470078.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/16/88654211-0-image-a-52_1723996470078.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/18/88655999-0-image-a-11_1724003949906.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/18/88655999-0-image-a-11_1724003949906.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/16/88654089-0-image-a-4_1723996516852.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/16/88654089-0-image-a-4_1723996516852.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/18/88655563-0-image-a-26_1724003559914.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/18/88655563-0-image-a-26_1724003559914.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/17/88654141-0-image-a-17_1723997931069.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/17/88654141-0-image-a-17_1723997931069.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/17/88655323-0-image-a-8_1723999761550.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/17/88655323-0-image-a-8_1723999761550.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/15/88653093-0-image-m-2_1723993153148.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/15/88653093-0-image-m-2_1723993153148.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/17/88654621-0-image-a-38_1723998115945.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/17/88654621-0-image-a-38_1723998115945.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/14/00/88499827-0-image-a-15_1723592260879.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/14/00/88499827-0-image-a-15_1723592260879.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/18/88656031-0-image-a-10_1724002985141.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/18/88656031-0-image-a-10_1724002985141.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/19/88656623-0-image-a-2_1724004536175.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/19/88656623-0-image-a-2_1724004536175.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/16/88653291-0-image-a-51_1723993551918.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/16/88653291-0-image-a-51_1723993551918.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/18/88655685-0-image-a-18_1724001510201.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/18/88655685-0-image-a-18_1724001510201.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/17/88655189-0-image-a-25_1723999382945.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/17/88655189-0-image-a-25_1723999382945.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/15/88652245-0-image-a-4_1723990427141.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/15/88652245-0-image-a-4_1723990427141.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/12/88598275-0-image-a-26_1723807503602.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/12/88598275-0-image-a-26_1723807503602.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/11/88647551-0-image-a-5_1723977134049.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/11/88647551-0-image-a-5_1723977134049.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/11/88646455-0-image-m-2_1723977209989.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/11/88646455-0-image-m-2_1723977209989.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/16/88654111-0-image-a-163_1723996127014.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/16/88654111-0-image-a-163_1723996127014.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/09/88645381-0-image-a-26_1723968259926.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/09/88645381-0-image-a-26_1723968259926.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/13/88599099-0-image-a-95_1723811154217.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/13/88599099-0-image-a-95_1723811154217.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/12/88648511-0-image-a-4_1723978800978.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/12/88648511-0-image-a-4_1723978800978.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/15/88603915-0-image-a-21_1723819002407.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/15/88603915-0-image-a-21_1723819002407.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/01/88637555-0-image-a-53_1723940128081.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/01/88637555-0-image-a-53_1723940128081.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/15/88652737-0-image-a-38_1723992311472.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/15/88652737-0-image-a-38_1723992311472.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/13/88650023-0-image-m-20_1723985136197.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/13/88650023-0-image-m-20_1723985136197.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/15/16/88568759-0-image-a-44_1723737466206.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/15/16/88568759-0-image-a-44_1723737466206.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/23/88636185-0-image-a-19_1723935183865.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/23/88636185-0-image-a-19_1723935183865.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/21/88634375-0-image-a-6_1723928155811.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/21/88634375-0-image-a-6_1723928155811.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/08/88644269-0-image-a-15_1723965728430.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/08/88644269-0-image-a-15_1723965728430.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/08/88645017-0-image-a-10_1723967642897.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/08/88645017-0-image-a-10_1723967642897.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/10/88647075-0-image-a-25_1723973557419.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/10/88647075-0-image-a-25_1723973557419.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/09/88645593-0-image-m-5_1723968589573.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/09/88645593-0-image-m-5_1723968589573.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/00/88637061-0-image-a-54_1723937517730.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/00/88637061-0-image-a-54_1723937517730.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/19/88631445-0-image-a-77_1723919043812.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/19/88631445-0-image-a-77_1723919043812.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/21/88633583-0-image-a-5_1723925365837.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/21/88633583-0-image-a-5_1723925365837.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/22/88634705-0-image-a-33_1723929163019.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/22/88634705-0-image-a-33_1723929163019.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/02/88638681-0-image-a-34_1723944477665.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/02/88638681-0-image-a-34_1723944477665.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/01/88638037-0-image-a-104_1723941789399.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/01/88638037-0-image-a-104_1723941789399.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/20/88633059-0-image-a-81_1723923787252.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/20/88633059-0-image-a-81_1723923787252.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/07/88641399-0-image-a-3_1723961212231.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/07/88641399-0-image-a-3_1723961212231.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/06/88641339-0-image-a-15_1723960777485.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/06/88641339-0-image-a-15_1723960777485.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/01/88637949-0-image-a-99_1723941235690.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/01/88637949-0-image-a-99_1723941235690.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/00/88636473-0-image-a-35_1723935969016.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/00/88636473-0-image-a-35_1723935969016.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/07/88641145-0-image-a-53_1723961107121.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/07/88641145-0-image-a-53_1723961107121.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/01/88637477-0-image-a-39_1723939843737.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/01/88637477-0-image-a-39_1723939843737.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/04/88640051-0-image-a-7_1723951430809.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/04/88640051-0-image-a-7_1723951430809.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/08/88644635-0-image-a-39_1723966471827.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/08/88644635-0-image-a-39_1723966471827.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/07/88641421-0-image-a-129_1723961400870.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/07/88641421-0-image-a-129_1723961400870.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/23/88635283-0-image-a-55_1723932328962.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/23/88635283-0-image-a-55_1723932328962.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/09/88646293-0-image-a-240_1723970611059.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/09/88646293-0-image-a-240_1723970611059.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/00/88636543-0-image-a-79_1723937263705.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/00/88636543-0-image-a-79_1723937263705.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/01/88638077-0-image-a-53_1723942004653.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/01/88638077-0-image-a-53_1723942004653.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/00/88637387-0-image-m-57_1723938713070.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/00/88637387-0-image-m-57_1723938713070.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/01/88637727-0-image-a-7_1723940638605.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/01/88637727-0-image-a-7_1723940638605.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/03/88639129-0-image-a-81_1723946941317.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/03/88639129-0-image-a-81_1723946941317.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/06/88640949-0-image-a-157_1723958038929.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/06/88640949-0-image-a-157_1723958038929.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/01/88638089-0-image-a-61_1723942098995.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/01/88638089-0-image-a-61_1723942098995.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/01/88637985-0-image-a-60_1723941513030.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/01/88637985-0-image-a-60_1723941513030.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/01/88638105-0-image-a-59_1723942169326.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/01/88638105-0-image-a-59_1723942169326.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/00/88636609-0-image-a-223_1723936286959.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/00/88636609-0-image-a-223_1723936286959.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/01/88637907-0-image-m-82_1723941439934.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/01/88637907-0-image-m-82_1723941439934.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/19/88631201-0-image-a-12_1723917887300.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/19/88631201-0-image-a-12_1723917887300.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/19/88632271-0-image-a-67_1723920458496.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/19/88632271-0-image-a-67_1723920458496.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/01/88637539-0-image-a-24_1723940972438.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/01/88637539-0-image-a-24_1723940972438.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/02/88638529-0-image-a-136_1723943550186.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/02/88638529-0-image-a-136_1723943550186.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/20/88632349-0-image-a-1_1723921229619.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/20/88632349-0-image-a-1_1723921229619.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/01/88638079-0-image-m-9_1723942082082.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/01/88638079-0-image-m-9_1723942082082.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/23/88635819-0-image-a-67_1723934188727.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/23/88635819-0-image-a-67_1723934188727.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/00/88636427-0-image-a-10_1723935892459.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/00/88636427-0-image-a-10_1723935892459.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/22/88635253-0-image-a-61_1723931895908.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/22/88635253-0-image-a-61_1723931895908.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/00/88636685-0-image-m-80_1723936986810.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/00/88636685-0-image-m-80_1723936986810.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/22/88634771-0-image-a-47_1723929834343.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/22/88634771-0-image-a-47_1723929834343.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/21/88633811-0-image-a-45_1723926356609.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/21/88633811-0-image-a-45_1723926356609.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/01/88637931-0-image-a-97_1723941164321.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/01/88637931-0-image-a-97_1723941164321.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/22/88635201-0-image-a-3_1723931611513.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/22/88635201-0-image-a-3_1723931611513.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/21/88634273-0-image-a-45_1723927870115.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/21/88634273-0-image-a-45_1723927870115.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/17/88629479-0-image-a-5_1723912927636.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/17/88629479-0-image-a-5_1723912927636.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/22/88634981-0-image-a-58_1723930836364.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/22/88634981-0-image-a-58_1723930836364.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/20/88633325-0-image-m-27_1723924759471.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/20/88633325-0-image-m-27_1723924759471.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/18/88630347-0-image-a-39_1723915554171.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/18/88630347-0-image-a-39_1723915554171.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/11/88623829-0-image-a-20_1723889404022.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/11/88623829-0-image-a-20_1723889404022.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/23/88635181-0-image-a-53_1723932042853.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/23/88635181-0-image-a-53_1723932042853.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/00/88637363-0-image-a-1_1723938687004.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/00/88637363-0-image-a-1_1723938687004.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/23/88635853-0-image-a-26_1723934353124.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/23/88635853-0-image-a-26_1723934353124.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/17/88629747-0-image-a-13_1723913595609.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/17/88629747-0-image-a-13_1723913595609.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/22/88634953-0-image-a-43_1723930742831.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/22/88634953-0-image-a-43_1723930742831.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/18/88630319-0-image-a-23_1723915340087.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/18/88630319-0-image-a-23_1723915340087.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/21/88633681-0-image-a-23_1723925710413.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/21/88633681-0-image-a-23_1723925710413.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/21/88634337-0-image-a-27_1723928066345.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/21/88634337-0-image-a-27_1723928066345.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/23/88635477-0-image-a-38_1723933108997.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/23/88635477-0-image-a-38_1723933108997.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/20/88633143-0-image-a-17_1723924076046.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/20/88633143-0-image-a-17_1723924076046.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/16/88627493-0-image-a-70_1723907075682.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/16/88627493-0-image-a-70_1723907075682.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/20/88632727-0-image-a-15_1723922369584.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/20/88632727-0-image-a-15_1723922369584.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/18/88629745-0-image-a-30_1723916140906.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/18/88629745-0-image-a-30_1723916140906.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/17/88628867-0-image-a-116_1723911331553.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/17/88628867-0-image-a-116_1723911331553.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/20/88611893-0-image-a-30_1723835491404.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/20/88611893-0-image-a-30_1723835491404.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/19/88631223-0-image-a-7_1723917922256.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/19/88631223-0-image-a-7_1723917922256.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/15/88626915-0-image-a-77_1723904194706.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/15/88626915-0-image-a-77_1723904194706.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/15/88626977-0-image-a-11_1723906115431.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/15/88626977-0-image-a-11_1723906115431.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/11/88624371-0-image-a-51_1723890104792.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/11/88624371-0-image-a-51_1723890104792.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/17/88629377-0-image-a-18_1723912073338.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/17/88629377-0-image-a-18_1723912073338.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/19/88631007-0-image-a-23_1723919397297.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/19/88631007-0-image-a-23_1723919397297.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/17/88629037-0-image-m-10_1723911138023.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/17/88629037-0-image-m-10_1723911138023.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/18/88631017-0-image-a-59_1723917157509.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/18/88631017-0-image-a-59_1723917157509.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/17/88629867-0-image-a-39_1723913976806.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/17/88629867-0-image-a-39_1723913976806.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/18/88629865-0-image-a-18_1723914711200.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/18/88629865-0-image-a-18_1723914711200.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/17/88606901-0-image-a-58_1723824293646.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/17/88606901-0-image-a-58_1723824293646.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/17/88628895-0-image-a-4_1723910831897.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/17/88628895-0-image-a-4_1723910831897.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/17/88628921-0-image-a-25_1723910946799.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/17/88628921-0-image-a-25_1723910946799.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/16/88606677-0-image-a-36_1723823762576.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/16/88606677-0-image-a-36_1723823762576.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/13/88625557-0-image-a-13_1723896702811.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/13/88625557-0-image-a-13_1723896702811.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/16/88628325-0-image-a-34_1723909562129.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/16/88628325-0-image-a-34_1723909562129.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/14/88626383-0-image-m-4_1723901590883.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/14/88626383-0-image-m-4_1723901590883.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/17/88608227-0-image-a-123_1723826621933.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/17/88608227-0-image-a-123_1723826621933.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/17/88629769-0-image-a-26_1723913664843.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/17/88629769-0-image-a-26_1723913664843.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/12/88625075-0-image-a-47_1723893894054.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/12/88625075-0-image-a-47_1723893894054.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/16/88604845-0-image-m-8_1723821238660.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/16/88604845-0-image-m-8_1723821238660.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/15/16/88566867-0-image-a-17_1723735230836.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/15/16/88566867-0-image-a-17_1723735230836.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/21/88614245-0-image-a-152_1723839579133.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/21/88614245-0-image-a-152_1723839579133.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/15/16/88567629-0-image-m-90_1723735856428.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/15/16/88567629-0-image-m-90_1723735856428.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/13/88625515-0-image-a-30_1723897447195.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/13/88625515-0-image-a-30_1723897447195.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/11/88624345-0-image-a-27_1723890357550.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/11/88624345-0-image-a-27_1723890357550.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/14/88626123-0-image-a-73_1723900684046.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/14/88626123-0-image-a-73_1723900684046.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/15/88627433-0-image-a-26_1723906495601.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/15/88627433-0-image-a-26_1723906495601.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/09/88623317-0-image-a-4_1723884031926.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/09/88623317-0-image-a-4_1723884031926.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/10/88624059-0-image-a-6_1723888163039.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/10/88624059-0-image-a-6_1723888163039.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/09/88622427-0-image-m-18_1723881940569.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/09/88622427-0-image-m-18_1723881940569.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/07/88622269-0-image-a-4_1723877601451.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/07/88622269-0-image-a-4_1723877601451.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/08/88559231-0-image-a-12_1723880015495.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/08/88559231-0-image-a-12_1723880015495.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/16/88628429-0-image-a-1_1723909915948.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/16/88628429-0-image-a-1_1723909915948.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/10/88623923-0-image-a-28_1723887395863.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/10/88623923-0-image-a-28_1723887395863.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/10/88623895-0-image-a-1_1723887252988.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/10/88623895-0-image-a-1_1723887252988.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/13/23/88496999-0-image-a-7_1723586782871.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/13/23/88496999-0-image-a-7_1723586782871.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/21/88613665-0-image-a-37_1723838468731.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/21/88613665-0-image-a-37_1723838468731.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/08/88622621-0-image-a-4_1723879993710.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/08/88622621-0-image-a-4_1723879993710.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/22/88616737-0-image-a-39_1723845506622.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/22/88616737-0-image-a-39_1723845506622.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/01/88619139-0-image-a-87_1723855764253.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/01/88619139-0-image-a-87_1723855764253.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/04/88620521-0-image-m-43_1723863938480.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/04/88620521-0-image-m-43_1723863938480.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/14/88601973-0-image-m-94_1723815777344.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/14/88601973-0-image-m-94_1723815777344.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/13/88625631-0-image-a-23_1723898049625.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/13/88625631-0-image-a-23_1723898049625.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/13/88625441-0-image-a-8_1723896401366.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/13/88625441-0-image-a-8_1723896401366.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/10/88623833-0-image-a-13_1723887529430.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/10/88623833-0-image-a-13_1723887529430.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/09/88622859-0-image-a-19_1723882115713.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/09/88622859-0-image-a-19_1723882115713.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/00/88617773-0-image-a-101_1723849506586.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/00/88617773-0-image-a-101_1723849506586.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/21/88614745-0-image-a-51_1723841173892.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/21/88614745-0-image-a-51_1723841173892.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/20/1723836501355_3601300551989801.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/20/1723836501355_3601300551989801.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/01/88618809-0-image-a-125_1723854101186.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/01/88618809-0-image-a-125_1723854101186.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/12/10/88434063-0-image-m-27_1723453757161.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/12/10/88434063-0-image-m-27_1723453757161.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/04/88620255-0-image-a-62_1723864844295.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/04/88620255-0-image-a-62_1723864844295.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/09/88592125-0-image-m-15_1723797478497.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/09/88592125-0-image-m-15_1723797478497.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/07/88622145-0-image-a-56_1723875902818.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/07/88622145-0-image-a-56_1723875902818.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/08/88622489-0-image-a-1_1723881112890.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/08/88622489-0-image-a-1_1723881112890.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/01/88618893-0-image-a-57_1723854694596.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/01/88618893-0-image-a-57_1723854694596.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/09/88622953-0-image-a-14_1723881668795.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/09/88622953-0-image-a-14_1723881668795.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/20/88613083-0-image-a-1_1723837186267.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/20/88613083-0-image-a-1_1723837186267.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/14/21/88527999-0-image-a-65_1723666930724.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/14/21/88527999-0-image-a-65_1723666930724.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/07/22/13/87620399-0-image-a-26_1721650858549.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/07/22/13/87620399-0-image-a-26_1721650858549.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/10/88623045-0-image-m-16_1723885307203.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/10/88623045-0-image-m-16_1723885307203.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/20/88613069-0-image-a-2_1723837103691.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/20/88613069-0-image-a-2_1723837103691.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/03/88619761-0-image-a-65_1723860224937.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/03/88619761-0-image-a-65_1723860224937.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/05/88621119-0-image-a-101_1723867767238.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/05/88621119-0-image-a-101_1723867767238.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/04/88620939-0-image-a-14_1723866282099.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/04/88620939-0-image-a-14_1723866282099.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/21/88614869-0-image-a-4_1723840972480.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/21/88614869-0-image-a-4_1723840972480.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/15/14/88562633-0-image-a-4_1723729153350.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/15/14/88562633-0-image-a-4_1723729153350.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/03/88620345-0-image-a-76_1723863484506.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/03/88620345-0-image-a-76_1723863484506.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/13/19/88491101-0-image-a-188_1723574487574.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/13/19/88491101-0-image-a-188_1723574487574.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/08/88622829-0-image-a-5_1723880874713.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/08/88622829-0-image-a-5_1723880874713.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/16/88605679-0-image-a-49_1723821918328.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/16/88605679-0-image-a-49_1723821918328.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/01/88619097-0-image-a-45_1723855500784.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/01/88619097-0-image-a-45_1723855500784.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/01/88618815-0-image-a-51_1723854102074.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/01/88618815-0-image-a-51_1723854102074.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/06/88621989-0-image-a-26_1723873005915.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/06/88621989-0-image-a-26_1723873005915.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/21/88614007-0-image-a-95_1723839291706.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/21/88614007-0-image-a-95_1723839291706.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/03/88619795-0-image-a-46_1723860535138.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/03/88619795-0-image-a-46_1723860535138.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/00/81088545-0-image-a-77_1723851283594.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/00/81088545-0-image-a-77_1723851283594.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/00/88618117-0-image-m-3_1723851028590.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/00/88618117-0-image-m-3_1723851028590.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/05/16/88177631-0-image-a-29_1722873333819.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/05/16/88177631-0-image-a-29_1722873333819.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/11/88596049-0-image-a-36_1723802705663.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/11/88596049-0-image-a-36_1723802705663.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/01/88618675-0-image-a-25_1723855123125.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/01/88618675-0-image-a-25_1723855123125.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/00/88618069-0-image-a-15_1723850543298.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/00/88618069-0-image-a-15_1723850543298.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/01/88618859-0-image-a-10_1723854684738.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/01/88618859-0-image-a-10_1723854684738.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/23/88617305-0-image-a-105_1723847504817.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/23/88617305-0-image-a-105_1723847504817.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/12/88598827-0-image-a-73_1723808971534.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/12/88598827-0-image-a-73_1723808971534.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/00/88618287-0-image-a-33_1723851531542.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/00/88618287-0-image-a-33_1723851531542.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/00/88618255-0-image-a-13_1723852334671.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/00/88618255-0-image-a-13_1723852334671.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/00/88618375-0-image-a-20_1723852214823.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/17/00/88618375-0-image-a-20_1723852214823.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/23/88617313-0-image-a-105_1723848628604.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/23/88617313-0-image-a-105_1723848628604.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/22/88616011-0-image-a-83_1723843349842.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/22/88616011-0-image-a-83_1723843349842.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/15/16/88568043-0-image-a-8_1723736695980.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/15/16/88568043-0-image-a-8_1723736695980.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/20/88697157-0-image-m-24_1724096836934.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/18/88683833-0-image-m-12_1724086801435.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/20/88696723-0-image-m-19_1724096055394.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/21/88683253-0-image-m-15_1724099564470.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/16/88686347-0-image-a-9_1724080644621.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/21/88698359-0-image-m-29_1724099236569.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/17/88690151-0-image-a-24_1724084609340.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/17/88690155-0-image-m-17_1724084698179.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/11/88677307-0-image-m-17_1724064653917.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/07/19/20/87551457-0-Brad_Pitt_s_daughter_Shiloh_Jolie_is_moving_ahead_with_her_petit-m-20_1721417452886.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/20/88695639-0-image-a-14_1724094334708.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/11/88677587-0-image-a-12_1724064432664.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/14/11/88514093-0-image-a-82_1723630408491.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/13/88680863-0-image-m-41_1724071782375.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/13/88678407-0-image-a-32_1724071213580.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/11/88677555-0-image-m-21_1724064405605.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/18/16/88653501-0-image-m-11_1723995455977.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/20/88694513-0-image-m-30_1724095938508.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/17/88690885-0-image-m-76_1724086432886.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/15/88683529-0-image-a-27_1724076909217.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/16/88686023-0-There_is_a_quick_way_to_get_all_four_people_across_the_rickety_b-m-20_1724081139128.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/17/88689655-0-image-a-14_1724084399340.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/20/88697037-0-image-m-13_1724096798036.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/18/88692603-0-image-a-10_1724087904090.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/19/88693535-0-image-m-17_1724090426966.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/10/88676149-0-image-a-5_1724061343175.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/15/88685735-0-image-m-13_1724078779719.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/14/88681115-0-image-a-139_1724074070033.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/16/88631403-0-The_suspect_was_taken_into_custody_following_reports_of_a_distur-a-72_1724080646563.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/16/88684949-0-image-m-116_1724079929440.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/18/88690261-0-image-a-14_1724087464489.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/18/88692199-0-image-m-14_1724088203515.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/15/88685971-0-image-a-8_1724078941227.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/19/88691635-0-image-a-11_1724090690148.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/19/88693699-0-image-m-11_1724090444598.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/20/88695573-0-image-m-11_1724094793768.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/15/88685099-0-image-a-86_1724077699924.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/18/88685101-0-image-m-26_1724089795285.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/19/88694263-0-image-a-26_1724092242995.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/16/88688737-0-image-m-73_1724082970679.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/21/88697485-0-image-m-47_1724100122185.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/15/88683111-0-image-a-15_1724076395557.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/14/88681379-0-image-a-24_1724072882269.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/18/88692615-0-image-m-30_1724088878137.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/02/88666001-0-image-m-3_1724029515760.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/09/88674587-0-image-a-39_1724057457766.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/11/88675993-0-image-a-62_1724062818191.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/12/88660795-0-image-m-6_1724065767379.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/17/88689729-0-image-m-4_1724084046111.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/19/14/88683249-0-image-m-77_1724075151736.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix//promoboxes/btn_ipadapp_5_308x111.png",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/furniture/misc/logo_cookie_reg.png"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
"dailymail",
"news",
"Antony",
"London",
"King Charles III"
] | null |
[
"Andrew Young",
"www.facebook.com"
] |
2022-11-27T00:30:33+00:00
|
Sir Antony Sher, who was one of King Charles's favourite actors, left nearly £2.3 million in his will. The Olivier Award-winning stage star had cancer and died aged 72 last December.
|
/favicon.ico?v=2
|
Mail Online
|
https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-11473367/King-Charles-favourite-actor-Antony-Sher-leaves-2-3m-will.html
|
Sir Antony Sher, who was one of King Charles's favourite actors, left nearly £2.3 million in his will.
The Olivier Award-winning stage star – famed for his roles with the Royal Shakespeare Company – had cancer and died aged 72 last December.
Probate records reveal that he left the bulk of his estate of £2,289,033 including his share in his house in Islington, North London, to his husband, Shakespearean director Greg Doran.
The couple tied the knot on December 21, 2005 – the first day that same-sex couples could legally form a civil partnership in the UK – and married ten years later in 2015.
South African-born Sir Antony's will also left £15,000 to his sister-in-law in Cape Town and gifts totalling £25,000 to two other friends.
He won an Olivier award in 1985 for his leading role as Richard III and his performance as a drag queen in Harvey Fierstein's Torch Song Trilogy.
He won another Olivier in 1997 for his role in Stanley, a play about the artist Stanley Spencer, and was nominated for a prize for performances in King Lear and The Winter's Tale, in 1983 and 2000.
Sir Antony also had roles in films such as Shakespeare In Love and Mrs Brown, and played Adolf Hitler in Churchill: The Hollywood Years in 2004.
Asked by a child to name his favourite actor during a tour of India in 2017, King Charles picked Sir Antony, although he added: 'There are lots of others, though.'
The King, who is president of the Royal Shakespeare Company, paid tribute to the actor after his death, calling him 'a giant of the stage at the height of his genius'.
He added: 'I had the great joy and privilege of knowing him for many years, and admired him enormously for the consummate skill and passion he brought to every role.'
Dame Judi Dench, who starred with him in the 1997 film Mrs Brown, described his performance as Benjamin Disraeli as 'spectacular'.
|
|||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
0
| 11
|
https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lists/oscars-casting-category-award-movies-every-year-winner-1927-2023/
|
en
|
Oscars’ Best Casting Award: Which Movies Would’ve Won Over 96 Years of Academy History?
|
[
"https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=6035310&c4=&cv=3.9&cj=1",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/24cover.lores_.jpg?w=1154",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/24cover.lores_.jpg?w=1154",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/2024_02-Casting-01.jpg?w=2000&h=1126&crop=1",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MCDSEHE_FE001-copy.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDBRME_EC144-copy.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDBIHO_EC031-copy.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDCIMA_EC062-copy.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDCHAM_EC014-copy.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDCAVA_FE072-copy.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDITHA_EC015-copy.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDMUON_EC171-H-2024.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDMYMA_EC102-H-2024.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDLIOF_EC293-H-2024.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDJEZE_EC016-H-2024.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDGOWI_EC209-H-2024.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/rebecca_-_h_-_1940.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDHOGR_EC006-H-2024.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDMRMI_EC015-H-2024.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDFOWH_EC013-H-2024.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDGOMY_EC067-H-2024.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDMIPI_EC019-H-2024.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDBEYE_EC127-H-2024.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDGEAG_EC016-H-2024.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDJOBE_EC078-H-2024.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDALTH_EC250.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDALAB_FE056-3.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDSTNA_EC027.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDVIZA_FE019.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDFRHE_EC201.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/on_the_waterfront_-_h_-_2017.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/rebel_without_a_cause_a_l.jpg?w=1500",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/Giant-Elizabeth-Taylor-James-Dean-Everett-MCDGIAN_EC028-H-2022.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/M8DSAYO_EC012-copy.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDSETA_EC033-copy.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/ben-hur_1959_26.jpg?w=1500",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/the_apartment_-_h_-_1960.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/west_side_story_-_h_-_2016.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDTOKI_EC068-copy.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDTOJO_EC046-copy.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDZOTH_FE041-copy.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MCDSOOF_FE004-copy.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDWHAF_EC095-copy.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MSDBOAN_EC022-copy.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDOLIV_EC023-copy.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDTHSH_EC037-copy.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDAIR2_EC011-copy.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDLAPI_EC045-1.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/MSDGODF_EC043.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDPAMO_EC030.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/M8DMUON_EC018.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MSDONFL_EC004.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDNETW_EC025.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MSDJULI_FE024.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDCOHO_UA008.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/kramer_vs__kramer_1979_-_h_-_2016.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/raging_bull.jpg?w=1500",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MBDREDS_EC034.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Ben-Kingsley-Martin-Sheen-Ghandi-Still-Everett-MSDGAND_EC018-EMBED-2022.jpg?w=1000",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MSDTEOF_PA009.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MSDKIFI_WB003.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/MCDCOPU_EC002.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/M8DHAAN_EC013.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/MCDMOON_MG001.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/splash_workinggirl.jpg?w=1500",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/driving_daisy_004_1_copy_-_h__2018_0.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/MSDGOOD_EC012.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/msdsiofec023h_a_l.jpg?w=1500",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MSDHOEN_SP001.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/M8DPIAN_EC003.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MSDBUOV_EC016.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Apollo-13-Still-Paxton-Bacon-Hanks-Everett-MCDAPTH_EC028-H-2022.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MSDENPA_MX003.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/MCDTITA_FE030-H-2023.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MSDSHIN_EC020.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MSDAMBE_EC001.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MSDTRAF_US008.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MSDGOPA_EC009.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/MCDCHIC_EC039.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MCDMYRI_EC060.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/the_aviator_-_h_-_2004.png?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MCDCRAS_EC029.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/MCDLIMI_FS023-H-2024.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MCDMICL_EC001.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/doubt_2008_113-h_2017.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/MCDINBA_EC012.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/thefighterTF10046_rgb.jpg?w=1500",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/octavia_spencer_the_help.jpg?w=1500",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/MCDSILI_EC0141.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/12_years_a_slave_h.jpg?w=1500",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MCDBIRD_FS008-copy.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/spotlight_still_0.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/19-MCDMOON_EC118-H-2023.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/three_billboards_outside_ebbing_missouri_still_.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/32.-The-Favourite-MCDFAVO_FS030-H-2023.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/20-Parasite-MCDPARA_EC167-H-2023.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/MCDTROF_ZX011.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/TPOTD_KS_0226-H-2022.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/MCDEVEV_EC088-H-2022.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/GF-02608-H-2024-1.jpg?w=1296",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/TDW-32297_R2-H-2024.jpg?w=260&h=150&crop=1",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/SW-HEADSHOT-PC-Andrew-H.-Walker-Variety-REX-Shutterstock.png?crop=0px%2C146px%2C600px%2C336px&resize=260%2C150",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Jovan-Marjanovic-Sarajevo-Film-Festival.jpg?w=260&h=150&crop=1",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/AlexGarlandGettyImages-917591908.jpg?w=260&h=150&crop=1",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/JohnAprea.jpeg?w=260&h=150&crop=1",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/romulus_dtlr1_4k_r709f_stills_240312.088050-EMBED-2024.jpg?w=260&h=150&crop=1",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-hollywoodreporter-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/0238/6647/products/2019_37_540x.jpg",
"https://pixel.quantserve.com/pixel?a.1=&a.2=p-31f3D02tYU8zY"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Ben Zauzmer"
] |
2024-02-29T22:05:00+00:00
|
A year-by-year "what if," guided by math, to make educated guesses to fill in a nearly-century-long gap of recognition for casting directors.
|
en
|
The Hollywood Reporter
|
https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lists/oscars-casting-category-award-movies-every-year-winner-1927-2023/
|
For the first time in a quarter century, a new Oscar category is upon us. Beginning in 2026, honoring films from 2025, the Academy will recognize the best casting of the year. It’s a long-overdue and well-deserved recognition for the casting directors who place such an integral building block in a film’s production but have not yet received their moment in the awards spotlight.
We’ll never know who would have won best casting over the first 96 years of the Oscars, had the category been introduced way back at the inaugural ceremony. But, with a little math and a little speculation, we can at least make some educated guesses to fill in this nearly century-long gap in Oscar history. Before diving in, a few data points to guide us:
Precursor Awards: We do have a few in more recent years. The Casting Society of America’s Artios Awards were first held in 1985, though they break their winners up by genre. The Screen Actors Guild first awarded its best cast trophy in 1996, which is related but not identical to casting. The BAFTAs introduced a casting category in 2020.
Correlation with other categories: Using the SAG best cast award as a proxy, 50 percent of winners are best picture winners, 97 percent are best picture nominees, 32 percent are best director winners, 66 percent are best director nominees, 18 percent are best actor/actress winners, and 36 percent are best supporting actor winners. These films have an average 0.4 nominations for best actor/actress and 1.3 nominations for supporting actor/actress. Importantly, note that the supporting categories are more closely related to winning best cast than the lead categories are.
Correlation among existing categories: In general, the Oscars don’t spread the wealth. Best picture-winning films account for 29 percent of all winning films in all feature-length, non-genre-specific categories. Best picture-nominated films account for 68 percent of all winning films in all feature-length, non-genre-specific categories. So if the Academy likes a movie overall, they tend to prefer it in every category up and down the ballot, and it’s reasonable to assume this would also apply to best casting.
Bigger cast size is better: On average, SAG best cast nominees to win the award have 10.6 primary credited actors. On average, SAG best cast nominees to lose the award have 8.7 primary credited actors. The more, the merrier.
But these facts alone are insufficient to invent an alternate history. There is still a fair amount of common sense and guesswork in the list that’s about to follow. I did my very best to ignore my own personal opinions of these films — this is a list of what would have won, not a list of what should have won — but it’s impossible to eliminate all bias in this type of exercise. I’m sure that any two film historians making a similar list would have plenty of differences, and those differences make for plenty of fun debates.
Without further ado, a walk through the imaginary history of the Oscar for best casting:
|
|||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 9
|
https://people.com/sag-awards-2024-winners-list-8598909
|
en
|
SAG Awards 2024: See the Complete List of Winners
|
[
"https://people.com/thmb/i8Z6tVq6dYRBRYklvx_j3RbCb0Y=/400x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/shiloh-jolie-pitt-tout-052024-297a8d833d334a40881af60503e64017.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/i8Z6tVq6dYRBRYklvx_j3RbCb0Y=/400x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/shiloh-jolie-pitt-tout-052024-297a8d833d334a40881af60503e64017.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/XglDryoBVca-i3oZEG23aPwaSCY=/400x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/phil-donahue-tout-081924-78f2211566e2404ab9fac8cf49421f07.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/XglDryoBVca-i3oZEG23aPwaSCY=/400x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/phil-donahue-tout-081924-78f2211566e2404ab9fac8cf49421f07.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/vLZfzylg3l8EOBx7MibIc7ICYhI=/400x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/taylor-swift-eras-london-081924-ceab537b493a434c863f4da9b50557e8.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/vLZfzylg3l8EOBx7MibIc7ICYhI=/400x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/taylor-swift-eras-london-081924-ceab537b493a434c863f4da9b50557e8.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/LRIayFhH4qSptph18moXh3W33nQ=/400x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/lunden-robert-navy-hunter-biden7-081824-6cbd8e63f2c54baebc4518a153fb65bf.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/LRIayFhH4qSptph18moXh3W33nQ=/400x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/lunden-robert-navy-hunter-biden7-081824-6cbd8e63f2c54baebc4518a153fb65bf.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/x8OQINA0rxsJnqSoudpO090aKzU=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc():focal(951x344:953x346)/Succession-SAG-Awards-2024-022424-765d9067cb5a4ee4a190e363b80751fb.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/x8OQINA0rxsJnqSoudpO090aKzU=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc():focal(951x344:953x346)/Succession-SAG-Awards-2024-022424-765d9067cb5a4ee4a190e363b80751fb.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/bHO3lJk_29-XX30bURmNhEpzZ3c=/4000x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc():focal(1001x373:1003x375)/DaVine-Joy-Randolph-SAG-Awards-2024-022424-dc8ad36fb4a844fc818002de5537a085.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/bHO3lJk_29-XX30bURmNhEpzZ3c=/4000x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc():focal(1001x373:1003x375)/DaVine-Joy-Randolph-SAG-Awards-2024-022424-dc8ad36fb4a844fc818002de5537a085.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/lHky3pLErzqkJZ992-1kElmXLZo=/4000x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc():focal(954x398:956x400)/Lily-Gladstone-SAG-Awards-2024-022424-97a0fc363a194b70ac39fc8e99f875e1.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/lHky3pLErzqkJZ992-1kElmXLZo=/4000x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc():focal(954x398:956x400)/Lily-Gladstone-SAG-Awards-2024-022424-97a0fc363a194b70ac39fc8e99f875e1.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/DXiTBZkQHuAzqpT2oxuhtWzPSZY=/4000x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc():focal(990x344:992x346)/Pedro-Pascal-SAG-Awards-2024-022424-b2b1784bf09b4c7eaf63096af11571a6.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/DXiTBZkQHuAzqpT2oxuhtWzPSZY=/4000x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc():focal(990x344:992x346)/Pedro-Pascal-SAG-Awards-2024-022424-b2b1784bf09b4c7eaf63096af11571a6.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/a1TI9YK7NpHl_DlGVYCExS02nBo=/4000x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc():focal(983x391:985x393)/Ali-Wong-SAG-Awards-2024-022424-e452da01784a40a59371818ae8385e20.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/a1TI9YK7NpHl_DlGVYCExS02nBo=/4000x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc():focal(983x391:985x393)/Ali-Wong-SAG-Awards-2024-022424-e452da01784a40a59371818ae8385e20.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/6wY0lxmoAFW-pFrQKrvmAox3IzQ=/4000x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc():focal(1019x333:1021x335)/Ayo-Edebiri-SAG-Awards-2024-022424-10f3f349d3fb4fe48a81fb9e74cb49a8.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/6wY0lxmoAFW-pFrQKrvmAox3IzQ=/4000x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc():focal(1019x333:1021x335)/Ayo-Edebiri-SAG-Awards-2024-022424-10f3f349d3fb4fe48a81fb9e74cb49a8.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/GuZn3KWR8_Emnhs05WRj-0Xi3mk=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/jennifer-garner-shauna-duggins-stunt-double-tout-080624-6cce37857c644daa82beb6b828101c3f.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/GuZn3KWR8_Emnhs05WRj-0Xi3mk=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/jennifer-garner-shauna-duggins-stunt-double-tout-080624-6cce37857c644daa82beb6b828101c3f.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/b2R920bP8PZgG5duHQWDUoRy6g4=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/eugene-dan-levy-f22a3f29b9614905b36f70c5da4839e0.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/b2R920bP8PZgG5duHQWDUoRy6g4=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/eugene-dan-levy-f22a3f29b9614905b36f70c5da4839e0.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/KZk60fDQoaXvV8brT-7ecwtGN2g=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/helen-mirren-0725-511866e2ff84416cb6da35dac77e5245.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/KZk60fDQoaXvV8brT-7ecwtGN2g=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/helen-mirren-0725-511866e2ff84416cb6da35dac77e5245.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/7iEh9DHL210cqXBUcTsmhbtQU3U=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/katy-perry-tout-081524-2befd87989684a4abeae2193ec541ee8.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/7iEh9DHL210cqXBUcTsmhbtQU3U=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/katy-perry-tout-081524-2befd87989684a4abeae2193ec541ee8.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/-aa-tiF7B4_ePPX6dVo7K93Lii0=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/kaitlyn-dever-isabela-merced-081624-af8ef949168e4f3c8b7c5e725bf2705b.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/-aa-tiF7B4_ePPX6dVo7K93Lii0=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/kaitlyn-dever-isabela-merced-081624-af8ef949168e4f3c8b7c5e725bf2705b.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/pHWx-wpNgoOP0Q52X8hieDcDQos=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Jimmy-Kimmel-John-Mulaney--456-07292024-0ee9d25f0ba44edd9b6eeef6b3ec116e.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/pHWx-wpNgoOP0Q52X8hieDcDQos=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Jimmy-Kimmel-John-Mulaney--456-07292024-0ee9d25f0ba44edd9b6eeef6b3ec116e.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/CktVHcLwoRsbiciYodauD4GBcwY=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/chappell-roan-sabrina-carpenter-camila-cabello-tout-081224-cf4a8a6a78a044cb8b607fe485e50049.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/CktVHcLwoRsbiciYodauD4GBcwY=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/chappell-roan-sabrina-carpenter-camila-cabello-tout-081224-cf4a8a6a78a044cb8b607fe485e50049.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/WU0D-oz4EFV_cfA6icTXT2ZfhbM=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Zach-Bryan-Beyonce-Kacey-Musgraves-Shaboozey-081324-b688f208dc6b4b3ebff5290cd262593b.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/WU0D-oz4EFV_cfA6icTXT2ZfhbM=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Zach-Bryan-Beyonce-Kacey-Musgraves-Shaboozey-081324-b688f208dc6b4b3ebff5290cd262593b.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/lho23nCliR3E6avaJZa6SAhuApI=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/vince-vaughn-hollywood-walk-of-fame-ceremony-1-081224-4ba7a1b6efab493c8fbe4482265f0344.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/lho23nCliR3E6avaJZa6SAhuApI=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/vince-vaughn-hollywood-walk-of-fame-ceremony-1-081224-4ba7a1b6efab493c8fbe4482265f0344.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/eltFlpjGjvB72Vt1nsc_SeNaeR8=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Lamorne-Morris817-08152024-7671bed4b2e1476faebafb1527925549.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/eltFlpjGjvB72Vt1nsc_SeNaeR8=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Lamorne-Morris817-08152024-7671bed4b2e1476faebafb1527925549.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/0DMb8rrWpptGRJyZQAI6a1ApG9U=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/gettyimages-1202357729-c8f22c1ef5db4bfa9ecc67df3bbb5738.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/0DMb8rrWpptGRJyZQAI6a1ApG9U=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/gettyimages-1202357729-c8f22c1ef5db4bfa9ecc67df3bbb5738.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/-CYe6J6nrKxFhu7zEWTig6oGV1A=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Casey-Affleck-Matt-Damon-tout-081224-8e667251a625482a849d8dd05bc734df.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/-CYe6J6nrKxFhu7zEWTig6oGV1A=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Casey-Affleck-Matt-Damon-tout-081224-8e667251a625482a849d8dd05bc734df.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/Uxj-khJX-05895mln5hPaxdqubM=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Amber-Alert-movie-trailer-081424-03e4d2722b31417aa26d7b93861976c3.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/Uxj-khJX-05895mln5hPaxdqubM=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Amber-Alert-movie-trailer-081424-03e4d2722b31417aa26d7b93861976c3.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/YzpANMt7Ft8aV7nGygUiyKo5ch0=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Elizabeth-Banks-102723-b7324709cff84d79a24f9ba800516660.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/YzpANMt7Ft8aV7nGygUiyKo5ch0=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Elizabeth-Banks-102723-b7324709cff84d79a24f9ba800516660.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/9TFbdK3OcwfKiOPYslGr_39L7Cs=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/people-emmy-portfolio-Elizabeth-Debicki-2-tout-76959002a91d418e8d7bee702b8b6802.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/9TFbdK3OcwfKiOPYslGr_39L7Cs=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/people-emmy-portfolio-Elizabeth-Debicki-2-tout-76959002a91d418e8d7bee702b8b6802.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/xP1W26iLqeS9Olc58D2mn3kbJ4g=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/tyler-perry-0606024-1-d9e2541480424a19ab63ab3dbf173899.jpg",
"https://people.com/thmb/xP1W26iLqeS9Olc58D2mn3kbJ4g=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/tyler-perry-0606024-1-d9e2541480424a19ab63ab3dbf173899.jpg"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Benjamin VanHoose",
"www.facebook.com"
] |
2024-02-24T19:33:43.753000-05:00
|
The 2024 Screen Actors Guild Awards aired live on Netflix Saturday, with 'Oppenheimer,' 'The Bear' and 'Succession' winning top prizes.
|
en
|
/favicon.ico
|
Peoplemag
|
https://people.com/sag-awards-2024-winners-list-8598909
|
Hollywood stars shined a light on their peers' standout work from the past year.
The 30th annual Screen Actors Guild Awards aired live on Netflix Saturday, giving out awards to the best individual and cast performances on film and television, voted on by fellow actors.
Oppenheimer won outstanding performance by a cast in a motion picture, the top prize among film. On the television side, Succession and The Bear were the big winners.
Additionally, Barbra Streisand accepted the SAG Life Achievement Award, presented to her by Jennifer Aniston and Bradley Cooper.
Read on for the complete list of winners.
Never miss a story — sign up for PEOPLE's free daily newsletter to stay up-to-date on the best of what PEOPLE has to offer, from juicy celebrity news to compelling human interest stories.
MOVIES
Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture
American Fiction Barbie The Color Purple Killers of the Flower Moon
Oppenheimer - WINNER
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role
Bradley Cooper, Maestro Colman Domingo, Rustin Paul Giamatti, The Holdovers
Cillian Murphy, Oppenheimer - WINNER
Jeffrey Wright, American Fiction
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role
Annette Bening, Nyad
Lily Gladstone, Killers of the Flower Moon - WINNER
Carey Mulligan, Maestro Margot Robbie, Barbie Emma Stone, Poor Things
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Supporting Role
Sterling K. Brown, American Fiction Willem Dafoe, Poor Things Robert De Niro, Killers of the Flower Moon
Robert Downey Jr., Oppenheimer - WINNER
Ryan Gosling, Barbie
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Supporting Role
Emily Blunt, Oppenheimer Danielle Brooks, The Color Purple Penélope Cruz, Ferrari Jodie Foster, Nyad
Da'Vine Joy Randolph, The Holdovers - WINNER
TELEVISION
Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series
The Crown The Gilded Age The Last of Us The Morning Show
Succession - WINNER
Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series
Abbott Elementary Barry
The Bear - WINNER
Only Murders in the Building Ted Lasso
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Television Movie or Limited Series
Matt Bomer, Fellow Travelers Jon Hamm, Fargo David Oyelowo, Lawmen: Bass Reeves Tony Shalhoub, Mr. Monk's Last Case: A Monk Movie
Steven Yeun, Beef - WINNER
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Television Movie or Limited Series
Uzo Aduba, Painkiller Kathryn Hahn, Tiny Beautiful Things Brie Larson, Lessons in Chemistry Bel Powley, A Small Light
Ali Wong, Beef - WINNER
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Drama Series
Brian Cox, Succession Billy Crudup, The Morning Show Kieran Culkin, Succession Matthew Macfadyen, Succession
Pedro Pascal, The Last of Us - WINNER
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series
Jennifer Aniston, The Morning Show
Elizabeth Debicki, The Crown - WINNER
Bella Ramsey, The Last of Us Keri Russell, The Diplomat Sarah Snook, Succession
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Comedy Series
Brett Goldstein, Ted Lasso Bill Hader, Barry Ebon Moss-Bachrach, The Bear Jason Sudeikis, Ted Lasso
Jeremy Allen White, The Bear - WINNER
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Comedy Series
Alex Borstein, The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel Rachel Brosnahan, The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel Quinta Brunson, Abbott Elementary
Ayo Edebiri, The Bear - WINNER
Hannah Waddingham, Ted Lasso
STUNTS
Outstanding Action Performance by a Stunt Ensemble in a Motion Picture
Barbie Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3 Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny John Wick: Chapter 4
Mission: Impossible - Dead Reckoning Part One - WINNER
Outstanding Action Performance by a Stunt Ensemble in a Television Series
|
||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
3
| 52
|
https://www.hollywood.com/general/mark-strong-and-helen-mccrory-crowned-winners-of-critics-circle-theatre-awards-59108148
|
en
|
Mark Strong and Helen McCrory crowned winners of Critics’ Circle Theatre Awards
|
[
"https://www.media.hw-static.com/media/2022/03/hollywoodIcon.png",
"https://www.hollywood.com/wp-content/themes/Newspaper/images/hw-logo.png",
"https://www.media.hw-static.com/media/2021/12/light_mode.png",
"https://www.media.hw-static.com/media/2020/12/hollywood.com-logo-3-696x464.png",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ebe5a8a000fd45984e8117040b4b0644?s=96&d=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.media.hw-static.com%2Fmedia%2F2022%2F01%2FHollywood-Favicon-BLUE-BG-1.png&r=g"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"WENN"
] |
2015-01-27T14:33:11+00:00
|
Mark Strong and Helen Mccrory were the toast of the Critics' Circle Theatre Awards in London on Tuesday (27Jan15), scooping the top acting prizes.
|
en
|
Tickets to Movies in Theaters, Broadway Shows, London Theatre & More | Hollywood.com
|
https://www.hollywood.com/general/mark-strong-and-helen-mccrory-crowned-winners-of-critics-circle-theatre-awards-59108148
|
Mark Strong and Helen Mccrory were the toast of the Critics’ Circle Theatre Awards in London on Tuesday (27Jan15), scooping the top acting prizes. The Kick-Ass star was awarded the Best Actor prize for his role in Arthur Miller play A View From The Bridge, which will soon be transferring to London’s West End for a limited run in February (15).
Harry Potter star McCrory, wife of Damian Lewis, was honoured with the Best Actress award for her star turn in Greek tragedy Medea.
The Best Musical award went to the revival of Gypsy, starring British actress Imelda Staunton, which opened in Chicester, England last year (14) and will transfer to London’s Savoy Theatre in March (15).
Ivo van Hove won Best Director for The View From The Bridge, King Charles III was named Best New Play, and The Wolfman actor Antony Sher was handed an award for Best Shakespearean Performance for his role in Henry IV Parts I & II.
|
|||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 30
|
https://www.huffpost.com/entry/sag-awards-2024-winners_n_65d25869e4b0ce1bdc39e001
|
en
|
SAG Awards 2024: The Complete Winners List
|
[
"https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/642b45b223000020001fcc3c.jpg?ops=100_100",
"https://img.connatix.com/109acac5-68e6-455e-957f-2a0d0231b11f/1_th.jpg?crop=629:354,smart&width=629&height=354&format=jpeg&quality=60&fit=crop",
"https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/65dab5752300003200728c31.jpeg?ops=scalefit_720_noupscale",
"https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/65daa7002500003300dba5b6.jpeg?cache=JmIwWhfRe8&ops=scalefit_720_noupscale",
"https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/65d897e12400003b00039f34.jpeg?ops=scalefit_720_noupscale",
"https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/65d2b9c92300003800808b19.jpeg?cache=A26V0MqDKN&ops=210_120",
"https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/65d2b1032500002000dba085.jpeg?cache=6ByiwLjBka&ops=210_120",
"https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/65d2a8772400003c00039aff.jpeg?cache=5Mt2ctFbNK&ops=210_120",
"https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=6723616&c3=&c4=&c5=&c6=&c15=&cj=1"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
"Movie Awards",
"Film",
"Screen Actors Guild Awards"
] | null |
[
"Kelby Vera"
] |
2024-02-24T17:00:10+00:00
|
"The Bear" and "Oppenheimer" were both big winners at Saturday's show.
|
en
|
/favicon.ico
|
HuffPost
|
https://www.huffpost.com/entry/sag-awards-2024-winners_n_65d25869e4b0ce1bdc39e001
|
LOADINGERROR LOADING
Hollywood’s on-screen talent got a chance to celebrate their craft Saturday at the Screen Actors Guild Awards in Los Angeles.
The best of television and film gathered at the Shrine Auditorium, where performers honored their peers at the only awards show voted on by actors exclusively.
Advertisement
“The Bear” topped the television categories, taking home the Comedy Series Ensemble award along with lead comedy actor trophies for stars Jeremy Allen White and Ayo Edebiri.
“Oppenheimer” dominated on the film side, earning Best Cast in a Motion Picture, Best Supporting Actor for Robert Downey Jr. and Best Male Lead for Cillian Murphy.
The legendary Barbra Streisand was also given with this year’s Life Achievement Award.
With the Academy Awards right around the corner, a SAG Award often predicts Oscar gold on the horizon. Last year, all four actors who won in SAG Award film categories went on to take home trophies during the biggest night in film.
Advertisement
Saturday’s ceremony was a particularly poignant moment for the SAG-AFTRA union, which made it through a monthslong strike last year.
In the end, representatives for SAG-AFTRA said that they were able to secure a three-year contract worth an estimated $1 billion.
Reflecting on the historic labor stoppage during the ceremony, SAG-AFTRA president Fran Drescher said that the strike was “a seminal moment in our union’s history that has set the trajectory for many generations to come, not afraid but brave, not weak but powered, not peons but partners.”
See all of the winners from the 30th Screen Actors Guild Awards below:
Advertisement
FILM NOMINEES
Motion Picture Cast
“American Fiction”
“Barbie”
“The Color Purple”
“Killers of the Flower Moon”
“Oppenheimer” ― WINNER
Male Actor In A Leading Role
Bradley Cooper, “Maestro”
Colman Domingo, “Rustin”
Paul Giamatti, “The Holdovers”
Cillian Murphy, “Oppenheimer” ― WINNER
Jeffrey Wright, “American Fiction”
Female Actor In A Leading Role
Annette Bening, “Nyad”
Lily Gladstone, “Killers of the Flower Moon” ― WINNER
Carey Mulligan, “Maestro”
Margot Robbie, “Barbie”
Emma Stone, “Poor Things”
Male Actor In A Supporting Role
Sterling K. Brown, “American Fiction”
Willem Dafoe, “Poor Things”
Robert De Niro, “Killers of the Flower Moon”
Robert Downey Jr., “Oppenheimer” ― WINNER
Ryan Gosling, “Barbie”
Female Actor In A Supporting Role
Emily Blunt, “Oppenheimer”
Danielle Brooks, “The Color Purple”
Penélope Cruz, “Ferrari”
Jodie Foster, “Nyad”
Da’Vine Joy Randolph, “The Holdovers” ― WINNER
Stunt Ensemble
“Barbie”
“Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3”
“Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny”
“John Wick: Chapter 4”
“Mission: Impossible – Dead Reckoning Part One” ― WINNER
Advertisement
TELEVISION NOMINEES
Drama Series Ensemble
“The Crown”
“The Gilded Age”
“The Last of Us”
“The Morning Show”
“Succession” ― WINNER
Comedy Series Ensemble
“Abbott Elementary”
“Barry”
“The Bear” ― WINNER
“Only Murders in the Building”
“Ted Lasso”
Male Actor In A TV Movie Or Limited Series
Matt Bomer, “Fellow Travelers”
Jon Hamm, “Fargo”
David Oyelowo, “Lawmen: Bass Reeves”
Tony Shalhoub, “Mr. Monk’s Last Case: A Monk Movie”
Steven Yeun, “Beef” ― WINNER
Female Actor In A TV Movie Or Limited Series
Uzo Aduba, “Painkiller”
Kathryn Hahn, “Tiny Beautiful Things”
Brie Larson, “Lessons in Chemistry”
Bel Powley, “A Small Light”
Ali Wong, “Beef” ― WINNER
Male Actor In A Drama Series
Brian Cox, “Succession”
Billy Crudup, “The Morning Show”
Kieran Culkin, “Succession”
Matthew Macfadyen, “Succession”
Pedro Pascal, “The Last of Us” ― WINNER
Female Actor In A Drama Series
Jennifer Aniston, “The Morning Show”
Elizabeth Debicki, “The Crown” ― WINNER
Bella Ramsey, “The Last of Us”
Keri Russell, “The Diplomat”
Sarah Snook, “Succession”
Male Actor In A Comedy Series
Brett Goldstein, “Ted Lasso”
Bill Hader, “Barry”
Ebon Moss-Bachrach, “The Bear”
Jason Sudeikis, “Ted Lasso”
Jeremy Allen White, “The Bear” ― WINNER
Advertisement
Female Actor In A Comedy Series
|
||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
3
| 29
|
https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-10271837/Celebrated-stage-screen-actor-Sir-Antony-Sher-dies.html
|
en
|
Acclaimed Shakespearean actor Sir Antony Sher dies, aged 72
|
[
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/sitelogos/logo_mol.gif",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/furniture/facebook/DailyMail/DailyMail.png",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/00/88582643-0-image-a-1_1723764311593.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/01/88584229-0-image-a-1_1723768743782.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/01/88583393-0-image-m-17_1723769256835.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/15/19/88572273-0-image-m-37_1723747459233.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/15/19/88572013-0-image-a-7_1723746985747.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/00/88556701-0-image-m-1_1723763936371.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/15/21/88579011-0-image-m-107_1723754918590.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/15/20/88576741-0-image-m-18_1723751641482.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/15/19/88574261-0-image-m-14_1723747240389.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/15/22/88579765-0-image-a-37_1723756052832.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/00/88582745-0-image-m-31_1723766109009.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/15/19/88485519-0-Team_USA_star_Jordan_Chiles_lost_her_Olympic_bronze_medal_from_t-m-30_1723746918030.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/15/19/88573919-0-image-a-4_1723746483053.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/15/21/88578053-0-image-a-5_1723753450557.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/15/20/88573909-0-image-a-12_1723750411931.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/15/18/88571167-0-image-m-39_1723741429587.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/15/18/88572349-0-image-a-11_1723743957555.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/15/22/88580019-0-image-a-50_1723756704102.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/15/22/88579679-0-image-a-34_1723755871077.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/16/00/88582301-0-image-a-53_1723763825760.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/15/22/88580937-0-image-a-69_1723758937149.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/15/21/88579439-0-image-a-12_1723755420325.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/15/19/88574211-0-image-a-127_1723748206468.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2024/08/15/21/88579271-0-image-a-13_1723755085597.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/14/51299831-10271837-image-a-60_1638541896019.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/14/51299831-10271837-image-a-60_1638541896019.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/14/51299833-10271837-image-a-55_1638541895640.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/14/51299833-10271837-image-a-55_1638541895640.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/15/51300325-10271837-image-a-84_1638546178416.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/15/51300325-10271837-image-a-84_1638546178416.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/14/51299075-10271837-image-a-57_1638541895835.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/14/51299075-10271837-image-a-57_1638541895835.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/15/51302853-10271837-image-a-73_1638545826401.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/15/51302853-10271837-image-a-73_1638545826401.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/16/51302789-10271837-Prince_Charles_chats_to_Sir_Antony_Sher_at_a_Royal_Shakespeare_C-a-123_1638547830816.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/16/51302789-10271837-Prince_Charles_chats_to_Sir_Antony_Sher_at_a_Royal_Shakespeare_C-a-123_1638547830816.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/15/51303083-10271837-image-a-85_1638546183455.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/15/51303083-10271837-image-a-85_1638546183455.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/15/51302949-10271837-image-m-78_1638545946142.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/15/51302949-10271837-image-m-78_1638545946142.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/15/51303481-10271837-Sir_Antony_appeared_in_the_1981_TV_series_The_History_Man_alongs-m-89_1638546609797.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/15/51303481-10271837-Sir_Antony_appeared_in_the_1981_TV_series_The_History_Man_alongs-m-89_1638546609797.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/16/51303461-10271837-Sir_Antony_played_the_title_role_in_the_Royal_Shakespeare_Compan-a-124_1638547830836.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/16/51303461-10271837-Sir_Antony_played_the_title_role_in_the_Royal_Shakespeare_Compan-a-124_1638547830836.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/15/51303545-10271837-Sir_Antony_poses_for_a_photograph_outside_the_Royal_Shakespeare_-a-96_1638546764930.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/15/51303545-10271837-Sir_Antony_poses_for_a_photograph_outside_the_Royal_Shakespeare_-a-96_1638546764930.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/16/51306525-10271837-image-a-15_1638550648326.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/16/51306525-10271837-image-a-15_1638550648326.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/11/51292883-0-image-m-26_1638531057653.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/01/51279629-0-image-m-33_1638493808832.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/09/51290089-0-image-m-14_1638522001694.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/15/51302825-10271837-image-a-71_1638545735212.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/15/51302825-10271837-image-a-71_1638545735212.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/15/51303001-10271837-image-a-80_1638545991903.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/15/51303001-10271837-image-a-80_1638545991903.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/16/51299829-10271837-Sir_Antony_Sher_poses_for_a_portrait_photograph_at_the_FT_Weeken-a-125_1638547830849.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/16/51299829-10271837-Sir_Antony_Sher_poses_for_a_portrait_photograph_at_the_FT_Weeken-a-125_1638547830849.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/14/51299837-10271837-image-a-54_1638541895639.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/14/51299837-10271837-image-a-54_1638541895639.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/14/51299835-10271837-image-a-56_1638541895652.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/14/51299835-10271837-image-a-56_1638541895652.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/14/51299847-10271837-image-a-59_1638541895993.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/14/51299847-10271837-image-a-59_1638541895993.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/15/51303043-10271837-Sir_Antony_also_apperared_in_the_TV_mini_series_The_History_Man_-m-83_1638546138018.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/15/51303043-10271837-Sir_Antony_also_apperared_in_the_TV_mini_series_The_History_Man_-m-83_1638546138018.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/16/51305941-10271837-image-a-7_1638549635001.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/16/51305941-10271837-image-a-7_1638549635001.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/16/51305943-10271837-image-a-9_1638549673365.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/16/51305943-10271837-image-a-9_1638549673365.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/16/51305945-10271837-image-a-12_1638549827920.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/16/51305945-10271837-image-a-12_1638549827920.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/16/51306473-10271837-image-a-14_1638550562918.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/12/03/16/51306473-10271837-image-a-14_1638550562918.jpg",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/furniture/comments/articles/btn_add-your-comment.png",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/furniture/comments/articles/icon_comments_74.png",
"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/furniture/misc/logo_cookie_reg.png"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
"dailymail",
"news",
"Celebrity Deaths and Obituaries"
] | null |
[
"Mark Duell",
"Mark Duell for MailOnline",
"www.facebook.com"
] |
2021-12-03T13:54:12+00:00
|
Sir Antony Sher starred in a number of RSC plays, including a role in 2016 in King Lear, as well as playing Falstaff in Henry IV and Willy Loman in Arthur Miller's Death Of A Salesman.
|
/favicon.ico?v=2
|
Mail Online
|
https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-10271837/Celebrated-stage-screen-actor-Sir-Antony-Sher-dies.html
|
Sir Antony Sher, one of Britain's finest contemporary actors who played almost all the great Shakespearean roles from King Lear to Shylock, has died from cancer aged 72.
The award-winning theatre and film star was once described by Prince Charles as his favourite actor and starred in several successful 1990s films including Shakespeare In Love and Mrs Brown alongside Dame Judi Dench.
Charles and Camilla went to see Sir Antony perform on a number of occasions and invited him and Mr Doran in 2004 to a weekend for members of the arts community at the Queen's Sandringham estate in Norfolk.
Sir Antony starred in a number of Royal Shakespeare Company plays, including a role in 2016 in King Lear, as well as playing Falstaff in Henry IV and Willy Loman in Arthur Miller's Death Of A Salesman.
He was also in TV series including The History Man and Murphy's Law. In 1985, he won an Olivier Award for his energetic portrayal of Richard III as a villainous hunchback, propelling himself around stage on crutches.
While at the RSC, Sir Antony met his husband, Gregory Doran, who would become the company's artistic director. They were one of the first couples to have a civil partnership in Britain after same-sex unions were legalised in 2005. Sir Antony and Mr Doran married in 2015 when gay marriage became legal.
Mr Doran stepped back from his role in September to care for his husband after his condition was diagnosed as terminal. The RSC said Mr Doran will remain on compassionate leave and is expected to return to work next year.
Tributes came in from It's A Sin screenwriter Russell T Davies who described Sir Anthony as a 'wonderful man', actor Samuel West who said many of his performances 'stay with me after decades', and choreographer Sir Matthew Bourne who mourned a 'truly great loss'.
The Prince of Wales paid tribute to Sir Antony Sher as 'a giant of the stage at the height of his genius' following the actor's death at the age of 72.
In a statement, Charles said he was 'deeply saddened' to hear of Sir Antony's passing.
'As the President of the Royal Shakespeare Company, I had the great joy and privilege of knowing him for many years, and admired him enormously for the consummate skill and passion he brought to every role,' Charles said.
'My most treasured memory of him was as Falstaff in a brilliant production of Greg Doran's. I feel particularly blessed to have known him, but we have all lost a giant of the stage at the height of his genius.'
RSC executive director Catherine Mallyon and artistic director Erica Whyman said they were 'deeply saddened' today, adding: 'Antony had a long association with the RSC and a hugely celebrated career on stage and screen.'
The company's chair Shriti Vadera said the actor – who was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II in 2000 - was 'beloved' within the organisation 'and touched and enriched the lives of so many people'.
Meanwhile the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust, the charity which cares for Shakespeare's family homes, said: 'We are deeply saddened at news of the death of Sir Antony Sher, the outstanding Shakespearian actor, artist and author.
'We offer our sincere condolences and thoughts to Antony's husband Gregory Doran and to Antony's family, friends and associates including all at the RSC.'
Born in Cape Town in 1949, Sir Anthony moved to Britain in the late 1960s to study drama. He joined the RSC in 1982 and his breakthrough role was as the usurping king in Richard III, which won him best actor at the Oliviers - which was jointly for his role in Torch Song Trilogy.
He went on to play most of Shakespeare's major male roles, including Falstaff in the Henry IV plays, Leontes in The Winter's Tale, Shylock in The Merchant of Venice, Iago in Othello and the title characters in Macbeth and King Lear.
Non-Shakespearean roles for the company, based in the Bard's hometown of Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire, included Willy Loman in Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman and the title role in Moliere's Tartuffe.
Sir Antony also performed with Liverpool's innovative Everyman Theatre and at many of London's main theatres, getting his first West End starring role as a drag artist in Harvey Fierstein's Torch Song Trilogy in 1985.
He won a second Olivier, and received a Tony nomination, for playing artist Stanley Spencer in Pam Gems' Stanley at the National Theatre and on Broadway.
Sir Antony adapted Primo Levi's powerful Auschwitz memoir If This is A Man into a one-man stage show, Primo, that ran on Broadway in 2005.
His last role for the RSC was in South African writer John Kani's 'Kunene and The King,' in which Sir Antony played a veteran actor diagnosed with cancer.
Sir Antony's film roles included Dr Moth in Shakespeare in Love, Benjamin Disraeli in Mrs Brown and Adolf Hitler in Churchill: The Hollywood Years.
Sir Antony also wrote several novels and theatrical memoirs, along with an autobiography, Beside Myself.
Shakespeare scholar James Shapiro said Sir Antony 's performances 'profoundly deepened my understanding of Shakespeare'.
'He was a brilliant actor and an incredibly kind and thoughtful person,' Mr Shapiro said. 'Hamlet put it best: 'take him for all in all, I shall not look upon his like again.''
Harriet Walter, who starred opposite Sher in Macbeth and Death of a Salesman, said: 'I think he always felt like an outsider and his outsider's vision was his strength.
'He had abundant creative energy and protean powers and an almost clinical curiosity about what makes people tick,' she said.
Ms Mallyon and Ms Whyman said in a statement: 'We are deeply saddened by this news, and our thoughts and sincere condolences are with Greg, and with Antony's family and their friends at this devastating time.
'Antony had a long association with the RSC and a hugely celebrated career on stage and screen.
'Antony's last production with the company was in the two-hander Kunene And The King, written by his friend and fellow South African actor, writer and activist, John Kani.'
The statement added: 'Antony was deeply loved and hugely admired by so many colleagues.
'He was a ground-breaking role model for many young actors, and it is impossible to comprehend that he is no longer with us.
'We will ensure friends far and wide have the chance to share tributes and memories in the days to come.'
Mr Kani said in a tribute: 'Both Tony Sher and I were born when our country, South Africa, was the worst place a child could be born let alone to be raised by parents who worked very hard to prepare their children for a difficult future - Apartheid South Africa.
'By the grace of his God and my ancestors, like Romeo and Juliet we found each other in 1973.
'We travelled together as compatriots, comrades in the struggle for a better South Africa, as fellow artists, and we both had the honour of celebrating together 25 years of South Africa's democracy in my latest play, Kunene And The King.
'I am at peace with you my friend and myself. Exit my King. Your Brother.'
The National Theatre posted a statement on Twitter from director Rufus Norris, saying: 'With the tragic passing of Antony Sher, one of the great titans has left us.
'His contribution and example to our theatre world was exemplary, and his standing within the ranks of National Theatre actors could not be higher.'
Meanwhile, the acclaimed author and professor, Dan Rebellato, also paid tribute on Twitter. He wrote: 'What a life, what a career. Actor, writer, artist. Antony Sher was extraordinary at all of those things.
'Richard III, The History Man, Primo Levi, King Lear. What a loss, but how lucky we were to have him for so long.'
American actor, playwright, and screenwriter, Harvey Fierstein, best known for his theater work in Torch Song Trilogy and Hairspray, also paid tribute.
He wrote: 'Brilliant, kind, funny, actor, writer, painter Antony Sher is gone. I was honored to have him star in Torch Song Trilogy in London for which, along with his Richard lll, earned him the Olivier Award. Poorer us.'
|
|||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 26
|
https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-02-25/screen-actors-guild-awards-2024-winners-list/103495952
|
en
|
Screen Actors Guild awards full winners list: From Pedro Pascal to Elizabeth Debicki, from Lily Gladstone to Oppenheimer
|
https://live-production.wcms.abc-cdn.net.au/c70699ff407e49d49d8c336fd9491b3a?impolicy=wcms_watermark_news&cropH=334&cropW=594&xPos=0&yPos=31&width=862&height=485&imformat=generic
|
https://live-production.wcms.abc-cdn.net.au/c70699ff407e49d49d8c336fd9491b3a?impolicy=wcms_watermark_news&cropH=334&cropW=594&xPos=0&yPos=31&width=862&height=485&imformat=generic
|
[
"https://live-production.wcms.abc-cdn.net.au/3fa121bf8203e5fec4d921b2bda6b870?impolicy=wcms_crop_resize&cropH=2812&cropW=4218&xPos=0&yPos=0&width=862&height=575",
"https://live-production.wcms.abc-cdn.net.au/79e3409ffb1c70d9972ba6565f150160?impolicy=wcms_crop_resize&cropH=1920&cropW=2880&xPos=960&yPos=0&width=862&height=575",
"https://live-production.wcms.abc-cdn.net.au/7f11f94aced4b7c41fcd8ad45f72bf67?impolicy=wcms_crop_resize&cropH=2400&cropW=3600&xPos=0&yPos=0&width=862&height=575",
"https://live-production.wcms.abc-cdn.net.au/c098fc57c69de37e401a328c9aef0c77?impolicy=wcms_crop_resize&cropH=766&cropW=1149&xPos=0&yPos=39&width=862&height=575",
"https://live-production.wcms.abc-cdn.net.au/698efabbc5ff0a9e557210d5a30c061c?impolicy=wcms_crop_resize&cropH=1702&cropW=2553&xPos=373&yPos=0&width=862&height=575",
"https://live-production.wcms.abc-cdn.net.au/aa61ba59e62829fea67f1f2498f49d90?impolicy=wcms_crop_resize&cropH=1080&cropW=1620&xPos=184&yPos=0&width=862&height=575",
"https://live-production.wcms.abc-cdn.net.au/e983c81daa1aa3b645714eab1eb1cc8b?impolicy=wcms_crop_resize&cropH=659&cropW=989&xPos=0&yPos=32&width=862&height=575",
"https://live-production.wcms.abc-cdn.net.au/cba684eb27d2b12fa7b2e53aaa9bb261?impolicy=wcms_crop_resize&cropH=1333&cropW=1998&xPos=1&yPos=0&width=862&height=575",
"https://live-production.wcms.abc-cdn.net.au/d0b31ea39a0d6610391a56f249530aaa?impolicy=wcms_crop_resize&cropH=1201&cropW=1802&xPos=0&yPos=0&width=862&height=575",
"https://live-production.wcms.abc-cdn.net.au/9442f22b8be2e1288bc1e159b86e1769?impolicy=wcms_crop_resize&cropH=1149&cropW=1148&xPos=900&yPos=205&width=160&height=160",
"https://live-production.wcms.abc-cdn.net.au/b4ddc36d49f70c5f9b84a214e8b7eb73?impolicy=wcms_crop_resize&cropH=1667&cropW=2500&xPos=0&yPos=0&width=862&height=575",
"https://live-production.wcms.abc-cdn.net.au/e983c81daa1aa3b645714eab1eb1cc8b?impolicy=wcms_crop_resize&cropH=659&cropW=989&xPos=0&yPos=32&width=862&height=575",
"https://live-production.wcms.abc-cdn.net.au/aa61ba59e62829fea67f1f2498f49d90?impolicy=wcms_crop_resize&cropH=1080&cropW=1620&xPos=184&yPos=0&width=862&height=575",
"https://live-production.wcms.abc-cdn.net.au/678c3ee53f7871f8f7ebba7ec7fe31a1?impolicy=wcms_crop_resize&cropH=3308&cropW=4962&xPos=0&yPos=74&width=862&height=575",
"https://live-production.wcms.abc-cdn.net.au/aa61ba59e62829fea67f1f2498f49d90?impolicy=wcms_crop_resize&cropH=1080&cropW=1440&xPos=348&yPos=0&width=862&height=647",
"https://live-production.wcms.abc-cdn.net.au/9442f22b8be2e1288bc1e159b86e1769?impolicy=wcms_crop_resize&cropH=1149&cropW=1148&xPos=900&yPos=205&width=160&height=160"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
"Screen Actors Guild",
"SAG awards",
"film awards",
"TV awards"
] | null |
[
"ABC News"
] |
2024-02-25T00:00:00
|
Here is the full list of winners, where there were plenty of upsets but ultimately nothing could stop the Oppenheimer juggernaut.
|
en
|
/news-assets/favicon-32x32.png
|
https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-02-25/screen-actors-guild-awards-2024-winners-list/103495952
|
Here is the full winners list from the 39th Screen Actors Guild awards, where there were plenty of upsets in among some categories which helped solidify Oscars frontrunners.
Lily Gladstone won best lead film actress for Killers of the Flower Moon, breaking Emma Stone's run of wins throughout awards season for Poor Things and making a late play for favouritism in the category at next month's Academy Awards.
Only a few categories earlier, Aussie Elizabeth Debicki won best lead TV drama actress for The Crown, beating Sarah Snook in Succession. At the top of the show, Pedro Pascal also upstaged Succession's male stars to win for The Last of Us.
In the more expected results, Oppenheimer won SAG's verson of best film, and also clinched best actor and best supporting actor. Succession took out best TV drama and The Bear added to its sweep of comedy categories at the Emmys and Golden Globes.
Winners at a glance:
Oppenheimer: 3
The Bear: 3
The Last of Us: 2
Beef: 2
Killers of the Flower Moon: 1
The Holdovers: 1
The Crown: 1
Succession: 1
Mission Impossible: 1
Outstanding performance by a cast in a motion picture
WINNER: Oppenheimer
American Fiction
Barbie
The Colour Purple
Killers of the Flower Moon
Outstanding performance by a female actor in a leading role
WINNER: Lily Gladstone— Killers of the Flower Moon
Annette Bening— Nyad
Carey Mulligan—Maestro
Margot Robbie— Barbie
Emma Stone— Poor Things
Outstanding performance by a male actor in a leading role
WINNER: Cillian Murphy — Oppenheimer
Bradley Cooper — Maestro
Colman Domingo — Rustin
Paul Giamatti — Holdovers
Jeffrey Wright — American Fiction
Outstanding performance by an ensemble — drama
WINNER: Succession
The Crown
The Gilded Age
The Last of Us
The Morning Show
Outstanding performance by a female actor in a drama series
WINNER: Elizabeth Debicki — The Crown
Jennifer Aniston — The Morning Show
Bella Ramsey — The Last of Us
Keri Russell — The Diplomat
Sarah Snook — Succession
Outstanding performance by a male actor in a supporting role
WINNER: Robert Downey Jr. — Oppenheimer
Sterling K. Brown — American Fiction
Willem Dafoe — Poor Things
Robert De Niro — Killers of the Flower Moon
Ryan Gosling — Barbie
Life Achievement Award
WINNER: Barbra Streisand, presented by Jennifer Aniston and Bradley Cooper
Outstanding performance by an ensemble — comedy
WINNER: The Bear
Abbott Elementary
Barry
Only Murders in the Building
Ted Lasso
Outstanding performance by a male actor in a television movie or limited series
WINNER: Steven Yeun — Beef
Matt Bomer — Fellow Travelers
Jon Hamm — Fargo
David Oyelowo — Lawmen: Bass Reeves
Tony Shalhoub — Mr. Monk's Last Case: A Monk Movie
Outstanding performance by a female actor in a supporting role
WINNER: Da'Vine Joy Randolph— The Holdovers
Emily Blunt— Oppenheimer
Danielle Brooks— The Colour Purple
Penélope Cruz — Ferrari
Jodie Foster— Nyad
Outstanding performance by a male actor in a drama series
WINNER: Pedro Pascal — The Last of Us
Brian Cox — Succession
Billy Crudup — The Morning Show
Kieran Culkin — Succession
Matthew Macfadyen — Succession
Outstanding performance by a female actor in a comedy series
WINNER: Ayo Edebiri — The Bear
Alex Bornstein — The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel
Rachel Brosnahan — The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel
Quinta Brunson — Abbott Elementary
Hannah Waddingham — Ted Lasso
Outstanding performance by a female actor in a television movie or limited series
WINNER: Ali Wong — Beef
Uzo Aduba — Painkiller
Kathryn Hahn — Tiny Beautiful Things
Brie Larson — Lessons in Chemistry
Bel Powley — A Small Light
Outstanding performance by a male actor in a comedy series
WINNER: Jeremy Allen White — The Bear
Brett Goldstein — Ted Lasso
Bill Hader — Barry
Ebon Moss-Bachrach — The Bear
Jason Sudeikis — Ted Lasso
Outstanding performance by a stunt ensemble in a motion picture
WINNER: Mission: Impossible — Dead Reckoning Part One
Barbie
Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3
Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny
John Wick: Chapter 4
Outstanding performance by a stunt ensemble in a television series
WINNER: The Last of Us
Ahsoka
Barry
Beef
The Mandalorian
|
|||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
0
| 85
|
https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/george-takei-s-allegiance
|
en
|
Charing Cross Theatre
|
[
"https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=186641228569312&ev=PageView&noscript=1",
"https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=1601917883403617&ev=PageView&noscript=1",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/assets/images/logo_dark.png",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/7534_11_ALGC_Digital_500x700_poster.jpg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/56nXdGMd_headshot.jpeg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/Aladdin_headshot.jpg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/Iroy_headshot.jpg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/Mark_Anderson_headshot_2022_headshot.jpg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/Aynrand_Ferrer_HD_headshot.jpg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/Masasahi_Fujimoto_Headshot_2022_Original_KimHardy_2_3500x2800_headshot.jpg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/Megan_Gardiner_headshot.jpeg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/Raiko_Gohara_Alphabet_Management_-21-1_headshot.jpg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/EU_JIN_HWANG_headshot.jpeg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/H.Ichijo_HS_headshot.jpeg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/Misa_Koide_head_shot_headshot.jpg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/Patrick_Munday_01_headshot.jpg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/Rachel_Jayne_Picar_headshot.jpeg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/Sario_Solomon_headshot.jpg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/Joy_Headshot_headshot.jpg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/Iverson_Yabut_-_Headshot_headshot.jpg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/56nXdGMd_gallery.jpeg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/Aladdin_gallery.jpg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/Collage_gallery.jpg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/3N8A4096-Edit_gallery.jpg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/3N8A4283-Edit_gallery.jpg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/614A1038-Edit_gallery.jpg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/614A1172-Edit_gallery.jpg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/614A1248-Edit_gallery.jpg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/614A1329-Edit_gallery.jpg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/614A1417-Edit_gallery.jpg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/614A1554-Edit_gallery.jpg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/614A1668-Edit_gallery.jpg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/614A1702-Edit_gallery.jpg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/Allegiance-Charing_Cross_Theatre-1302_1_gallery.jpg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/Allegiance-Charing_Cross_Theatre-1826_gallery.jpg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/Allegiance-Charing_Cross_Theatre-2368_1_gallery.jpg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/Allegiance-Charing_Cross_Theatre-2573_gallery.jpg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/Allegiance-Charing_Cross_Theatre-2684_gallery.jpg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/uploaded/Allegiance-Charing_Cross_Theatre-2791_1_gallery.jpg",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/assets/images/logo-footer.png",
"https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/images/UK_Theatre_2024_Organsation_Member_Badge_Footer2.png",
"https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/viewthroughconversion/981336925/?label=1rMBCIXruXoQ3Yb40wM&guid=ON&script=0"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
"Players Bar",
"Charing Cross Theatre",
"late night bars in central london",
"best bars london",
"top bars in london",
"late night restaurants",
"London Theatre",
"Charing Cross Theatre",
"Charing Cross Theatre"
] | null |
[] | null |
The Charing Cross Theatre and Players Bar, London. A 263 seat Theatre and late night bar near Charing Cross Station Charing Cross Theatre
|
Charing Cross Theatre
|
https://charingcrosstheatre.co.uk/theatre/george-takei-s-allegiance
|
George Takei is best known for his portrayal of Mr. Sulu in the acclaimed television and film series ‘Star Trek’. He’s an actor, social justice activist, social media mega-power, New York Times bestselling author, originated the role of Sam Kimura and Ojii-Chan in the Broadway musical ‘Allegiance’, and subject of ‘To Be Takei’, a documentary on his life and career. Takei’s acting career has spanned five decades, with more than 40 feature films and hundreds of television guest-starring roles to his credit. He is a member of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, Academy of Television Arts and Sciences, Actors’ Equity Association and Screen Actors Guild-American Federation of Television and Radio Artists.
Now a community activist, Takei serves as chair of the council of governors of East West Players, the nation’s foremost Asian Pacific American theatre. He is also a member of the Human Rights Campaign, the largest national lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender political organisation. Takei is Chairman Emeritus of the Japanese American National Museum’s Board of Trustees; a member of the US-Japan Bridging Foundation Board of Directors; and served on the Board of the Japan-United States Friendship Commission under President Bill Clinton. In recognition of his contribution to the Japan-United States relationship, in 2004, Takei was conferred with the Order of the Rising Sun, Gold Rays with Rosette, by His Majesty, the Emperor of Japan.
With Takei’s expansion into social media, interest in his personal life grew. In January 2014, ‘To Be Takei’, a Jennifer M. Kroot documentary on George’s life and career, premiered at the Sundance Film Festival that January, and was later released in select cinemas across North America.
Among his many accomplishments is a Grammy nomination Takei shared with Leonard Nimoy, in 1987, in the Best Spoken Word or Non-Musical Recording category. He received a star on Hollywood Boulevard’s Walk of Fame in 1986. And in 1991, Takei left his signature and hand print, in cement, in front of Grauman’s Chinese Theatre.
As an author, Takei’s first book, his autobiography, ‘To the Stars’, was published in 1994; and in 2012 and 2013 he published his second and third books, ‘Oh Myyy! There Goes The Internet’, and its sequel, ‘Lions And Tigers And Bears: The Internet Strikes Back’. The latter two books explored his forays on social media and the Internet, earning placement on the Amazon e-book and paperback best-seller lists in 2012 and 2013, respectively.
Takei’s social media dominance is best denoted by his numerous awards. Mashable.com named George a “social media superstar” on Facebook in 2012, where he currently has over 19.6 million combined fans. In 2013, Takei won the Shorty Award for Distinguished Achievement in Internet Culture. He has 32.48 million followers on Twitter, and posts on various social media platforms. He expanded his internet presence with the 2015 YouTube series, “It Takeis Two,” starring with husband, Brad Takei. The “reality” series shared the couple’s daily navigation of their world, with George’s vibrant sense of humour and Brad’s less-than-optimistic pragmatism.
In 2015, Cosmopolitan Magazine named Takei “One of the Internet’s 50 Most Fascinating People.” Takei and his husband, Brad, were married at the Japanese American National Museum on September 14, 2008. The Takeis reside in Los Angeles, California.
Telly Leung is a Chinese-American, New York City native, Broadway & television performer, recording artist, producer, director, theater arts teacher & host. His Broadway & national touring performing credits include Aladdin in Disney’s “Aladdin” on Broadway, “In Transit”, Sam Kimura in “Allegiance” (with George Takei & Lea Salonga), “Godspell”, “Rent” (final Broadway company), “Wicked” (Boq, original Chicago company), Stephen Sondheim’s “Pacific Overtures”, and Rodgers & Hammerstein’s “Flower Drum Song”. In 2010, he starred as Angel in “Rent” at the Hollywood Bowl opposite Wayne Brady, directed by Neil Patrick Harris. Television audiences will remember him as Wes the Warbler on “Glee”, as well as his guest star appearances on “Instinct”, “Odd Mom Out,” “Deadbeat” and “Law and Order: Criminal Intent” and the PBS documentary, “Broadway or Bust”. He can be heard on many original Broadway cast recordings and has released two solo albums – I’ll Cover You (2012) and Songs for You (2016) – on The Yellow Sound Label. His EP, “You Matter” is a collection of 5 songs made during the 2020 lockdown with composer & arranger Gary Adler with all proceeds to benefit Broadway Cares / Equity Fights AIDS. His directing credits include “Godspell” (University of Michigan) and David Henry Hwang’s “Yellow Face” at Theatre Raleigh. His producing credits include “Grind” (a musical short film starring Anthony Rapp), “The Nice List” (a virtual holiday musical for the whole family) and “Ensemble” (a documentary about the lives of 13 Broadway ensemble members reunited on the one year anniversary of the Broadway shut down, currently availabe via Broadway on Demand). He holds a BFA from Carnegie Mellon University’s School of Drama. Telly currently lives in Harlem in New York City with his husband, James. Twitter / Instagram: @tellyleung. Website: www.tellyleung.com
|
||||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 5
|
https://www.billboard.com/music/awards/2024-sag-awards-winners-screen-actors-guild-1235614392/
|
en
|
‘Oppenheimer’ Is Top Film Winner at 2024 SAG Awards Winners: Full Winners List
|
[
"https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=6035310&c4=&cv=3.9&cj=1",
"https://www.billboard.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/cillian-murphy-sag-awards-2024-billboard-1548.jpg?w=942&h=623&crop=1",
"https://www.billboard.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-billboard-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.billboard.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-billboard-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.billboard.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-billboard-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.billboard.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-billboard-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.billboard.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-billboard-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://www.billboard.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-billboard-2021/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/0237/2843/products/2020_04_540x.jpg?v=1581608516",
"https://pixel.quantserve.com/pixel?a.1=&a.2=p-31f3D02tYU8zY"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Paul Grein"
] |
2024-02-25T00:34:54+00:00
|
Here’s the complete list of nominees for the 2024 Screen Actors Guild Awards, with winners marked. 'Oppenheimer' was the top film winner.
|
en
|
Billboard
|
https://www.billboard.com/music/awards/2024-sag-awards-winners-screen-actors-guild-1235614392/
|
Cillian Murphy (Oppenheimer) and Lily Gladstone (Killers of the Flower Moon) won outstanding performance by a male and female actor in a leading role, respectively, at the 2024 SAG Awards. Both won in what were seen as close races with Paul Giamatti (The Holdovers) and Emma Stone (Poor Things), respectively.
Robert Downey Jr. (Oppenheimer) and Da’vine Joy Randolph (The Holdovers) won the equivalent awards in supporting categories, as they have at the vast majority of award shows in recent months.
All four of these actors must now be considered the front-runners to win the Oscars in those categories on March 10. Last year, all four SAG Awards winners in film acting categories went on to win Oscars.
The 30th annual SAG Awards streamed live on Netflix on Saturday (Feb. 24) at 8 p.m. ET/5 p.m. PT from the Shrine Auditorium & Expo Hall in Los Angeles.
Oppenheimer was the top winner on the film side, with three awards. Barbie experienced the night’s biggest shut out on the film side, going 0-4 on the night.
Oppenheimer won outstanding performance by a cast in a motion picture, which is a positive, but far from conclusive, indicator that it may win the Oscar for best picture on March 10. The SAG winner for ensemble cast has gone on to win best picture in five of the last 10 years.
The Bear was the top winner on the TV side, with three awards. Ted Lasso was the biggest shut out on the TV side, going 0-4 on the night.
Succession won outstanding performance by an ensemble in a drama series for the second time in three years. The Bear won the equivalent award in comedy for the first time.
Jennifer Aniston and Bradley Cooper presented the Life Achievement Award to Barbra Streisand. Here’s a complete report on that presentation, which was one of the show’s highlights.
The awards were voted on by SAG-AFTRA’s membership of 119,515 eligible voters, the largest voting body on the awards circuit. Final voting opened on Wednesday, Jan. 17, and closed at noon PT on Friday, Feb. 23. So, votes were still coming in less than 30 hours before the first awards were presented. There is a much longer lag time between the close of voting and the announcement of the winners at other award shows.
The 30th Annual Screen Actors Guild Awards was executive produced by Jon Brockett and Silent House Productions. This marked the show’s live debut on Netflix. Last year’s ceremony was broadcast on Netflix’s YouTube page.
Here’s the complete list of nominees for the 2024 Screen Actors Guild Awards, with winners marked.
Motion Pictures
Outstanding performance by a male actor in a leading role
Bradley Cooper – Maestro
Colman Domingo – Rustin
Paul Giamatti – The Holdovers
WINNER: Cillian Murphy – Oppenheimer
Jeffrey Wright – American Fiction
Outstanding performance by a female actor in a leading role
Annette Bening – Nyad
WINNER: Lily Gladstone – Killers of the Flower Moon
Carey Mulligan – Maestro
Margot Robbie – Barbie
Emma Stone – Poor Things
Outstanding performance by a male actor in a supporting role
Sterling K. Brown – American Fiction
Willem Dafoe – Poor Things
Robert De Niro – Killers of the Flower Moon
WINNER: Robert Downey Jr. – Oppenheimer
Ryan Gosling – Barbie
Outstanding performance by a female actor in a supporting role
Emily Blunt – Oppenheimer
Danielle Brooks – The Color Purple
Penélope Cruz – Ferrari
Jodie Foster – Nyad
WINNER: Da’vine Joy Randolph – The Holdovers
Outstanding performance by a cast in a motion picture
American Fiction — Erika Alexander, Adam Brody, Sterling K. Brown, Keith David, John Ortiz, Issa Rae, Tracee Ellis Ross, Leslie Uggams, Jeffrey Wright
Barbie — Michael Cera, Will Ferrell, America Ferrera, Ryan Gosling, Ariana Greenblatt, Kate Mckinnon, Helen Mirren, Rhea Perlman, Issa Rae, Margot Robbie
The Color Purple — Halle Bailey, Fantasia Barrino, Jon Batiste, Danielle Brooks, Ciara, Colman Domingo, Aunjanue Ellis-Taylor, Louis Gossett, Jr., Corey Hawkins, Taraji P. Henson, Phylicia Pearl Mpasi, H.E.R.
Killers of the Flower Moon — Tantoo Cardinal, Robert De Niro, Leonardo DiCaprio, Brendan Fraser, Lily Gladstone, John Lithgow, Jesse Plemons
WINNER: Oppenheimer — Casey Affleck, Emily Blunt, Kenneth Branagh, Matt Damon, Robert Downey Jr., Josh Hartnett, Rami Malek, Cillian Murphy, Florence Pugh
Television
Outstanding performance by a male actor in a television movie or limited series
Matt Bomer – Fellow Travelers
Jon Hamm – Fargo
David Oyelowo – Lawmen: Bass Reeves
Tony Shalhoub – Mr. Monk’s Last Case: A Monk Movie
WINNER: Steven Yeun – Beef
Outstanding performance by a female actor in a television movie or limited series
Uzo Aduba – Painkiller
Kathryn Hahn – Tiny Beautiful Things
Brie Larson – Lessons in Chemistry
Bel Powley – A Small Light
WINNER: Ali Wong – Beef
Outstanding performance by a male actor in a drama series
Brian Cox – Succession
Billy Crudup – The Morning Show
Kieran Culkin – Succession
Matthew Macfadyen – Succession
WINNER: Pedro Pascal – The Last of Us
Outstanding performance by a female actor in a drama series
Jennifer Aniston – The Morning Show
WINNER: Elizabeth Debicki – The Crown
Bella Ramsey – The Last of Us
Keri Russell – The Diplomat
Sarah Snook – Succession
Outstanding performance by a male actor in a comedy series
Brett Goldstein – Ted Lasso
Bill Hader – Barry
Ebon Moss-Bachrach – The Bear
Jason Sudeikis – Ted Lasso
WINNER: Jeremy Allen White – The Bear
Outstanding performance by a female actor in a comedy series
Alex Borstein – The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel
Rachel Brosnahan – The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel
Quinta Brunson – Abbott Elementary
WINNER: Ayo Edebiri – The Bear
Hannah Waddingham – Ted Lasso
Outstanding performance by an ensemble in a drama series
The Crown — Khalid Abdalla, Sebastian Blunt, Bertie Carvel, Salim Daw, Elizabeth Debicki, Luther Ford, Claudia Harrison, Lesley Manville, Ed McVey, James Murray, Jonathan Pryce, Imelda Staunton, Marcia Warren, Dominic West, Olivia Williams
The Gilded Age — Ben Ahlers, Ashlie Atkinson, Christine Baranski, Denée Benton, Nicole Brydon Bloom, Michael Cerveris, Carrie Coon, Kelley Curran, Taissa Farmiga, David Furr, Jack Gilpin, Ward Horton, Louisa Jacobson, Simon Jones, Sullivan Jones, Celia Keenan-Bolger, Nathan Lane, Matilda Lawler, Robert Sean Leonard, Audra McDonald, Debra Monk, Donna Murphy, Kristine Nielsen, Cynthia Nixon, Kelli O’Hara, Patrick Page, Harry Richardson, Taylor Richardson, Blake Ritson, Jeremy Shamos, Douglas Sills, Morgan Spector, John Douglas Thompson, Erin Wilhelmi
The Last of Us — Pedro Pascal, Bella Ramsey
The Morning Show — Jennifer Aniston, Nicole Beharie, Shari Belafonte, Nestor Carbonell, Billy Crudup, Mark Duplass, Jon Hamm, Theo Iyer, Hannah Leder, Greta Lee, Julianna Margulies, Tig Notaro, Karen Pittman, Reese Witherspoon
WINNER: Succession — Nicholas Braun, Juliana Canfield, Brian Cox, Kieran Culkin, Dagmara Dominczyk, Peter Friedman, Justine Lupe, Matthew MacFadyen, Arian Moayed, Scott Nicholson, David Rasche, Alan Ruck, Alexander Skarsgård, J. Smith-Cameron, Sarah Snook, Fisher Stevens, Jeremy Strong, Zoë Winters
Outstanding performance by an ensemble in a comedy series
Abbott Elementary — Quinta Brunson, William Stanford Davis, Janelle James, Chris Perfetti, Sheryl Lee Ralph, Lisa Ann Walter, Tyler James Williams
Barry — Anthony Carrigan, Sarah Goldberg, Zachary Golinger, Bill Hader, Andre Hyland, Fred Melamed, Charles Parnell, Stephen Root, Tobie Windham, Henry Winkler, Robert Wisdom
WINNER: The Bear — Lionel Boyce, Jose Cervantes Jr., Liza Colón-Zayas, Ayo Edebiri , Abby Elliott, Richard Esteras, Edwin Lee Gibson, Molly Gordon, Corey Hendrix, Matty Matheson, Ebon Moss-Bachrach, Oliver Platt, Jeremy Allen White
Only Murders in the Building — Gerald Caesar, Michael Cyril Creighton, Linda Emond, Selena Gomez, Allison Guinn, Steve Martin, Ashley Park, Don Darryl Rivera, Paul Rudd, Jeremy Shamos, Martin Short, Meryl Streep, Wesley Taylor, Jason Veasey, Jesse Williams
Ted Lasso — Annette Badland, Kola Bokinni, Edyta Budnik, Adam Colborne, Phil Dunster, Cristo Fernández, Kevin “Kg” Garry, Brett Goldstein, Billy Harris, Anthony Head, Brendan Hunt, Toheeb Jimoh, James Lance, Nick Mohammed, Jason Sudeikis, Jeremy Swift, Juno Temple, Hannah Waddingham, Bronson Webb, Katy Wix
Stunt Ensembles
Outstanding action performance by a stunt ensemble in a motion picture
Barbie
Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3
Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny
John Wick: Chapter 4
WINNER: Mission: Impossible – Dead Reckoning Part One
Outstanding action performance by a stunt ensemble in a television series
Ahsoka
Barry
Beef
WINNER: The Last of Us
The Mandalorian
|
|||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 10
|
https://variety.com/2024/film/news/sag-awards-winners-2024-full-list-1235921598/
|
en
|
SAG Awards 2024: ‘Oppenheimer’ Dominates as ‘Succession’ and ‘The Bear’ Win Top TV Prizes
|
[
"https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=6035310&c4=&cv=3.9&cj=1",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/MixCollage-24-Feb-2024-07-25-PM-2434.jpg?w=1000&h=667&crop=1",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://pixel.quantserve.com/pixel?a.1=&a.2=p-31f3D02tYU8zY",
"https://px.ads.linkedin.com/collect/?pid=1429113&fmt=gif"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Selome Hailu",
"Brent Lang"
] |
2024-02-25T01:00:00+00:00
|
The full list of SAG Award winners from the 2024 show.
|
en
|
Variety
|
https://variety.com/2024/film/news/sag-awards-winners-2024-full-list-1235921598/
|
“Oppenheimer” dominated the 30th Screen Actors Guild Awards on Saturday, winning the prize for best cast, as well as statues for Cillian Murphy’s lead performance and Robert Downey Jr.’s supporting work. The drama about J. Robert Oppenheimer and the development of the atomic bomb was an unexpected box office hit last summer and is considered a front-runner for next month’s Academy Awards.
The cast of HBO’s “Succession” was named best ensemble in a drama series for successfully pulling off their final season of familial power-grabbing and back-stabbing, while FX’s “The Bear,” a pressure-cooker look at restaurant life, earned a best comedy series ensemble prize. It was a free-wheeling night of surprises, sure-things and plenty of f-bombs, as many of the winners spoke frankly about the struggles and sacrifices that characterize a life in the arts.
In an upset, “The Crown” star Elizabeth Debicki captured leading actress in a drama series for her chameleonic work as Princess Diana, while Pedro Pascal was a surprise winner for his performance as the survivor of a zombie apocalypse in “The Last of Us.” “Succession” stars Kieran Culkin and Sarah Snook had been heavily favored to win, and even Pascal seemed stunned by his victory. “I’m a little drunk,” he said. “I thought I could get drunk.” Debicki, who had no shoes on, admitted she also did not expect to hear her name called and hadn’t prepared a speech.
Other winners felt preordained. Jeremy Allen White, who plays the brilliant and troubled chef at the center of “The Bear” was named best actor in a comedy series for a second consecutive year. White’s co-star Ayo Edebiri won best leading actress in a comedy for her role as a sous-chef with larger culinary aspirations. The pair recently won Emmys and Golden Globe Awards for their work.
Steven Yeun and Ali Wong, who co-starred in “Beef” as two strangers whose lives intersect after they are involved in a road rage incident, won the top acting awards for a TV movie or limited series. Like White and Edebiri, the actors had also triumphed at the Globes and the Emmys, which were held just a few weeks ago.
“Killers of the Flower Moon” star Lily Gladstone was named best actress for her performance as Mollie Kyle, an Osage woman who is betrayed by her husband and targeted for her fortune as part of an elaborate conspiracy. Gladstone made history, becoming the first indigenous actress to win the award. “We bring empathy into a world that needs it,” she told her fellow performers, urging the actors in the room to “keep speaking your truth.”
Da’Vine Joy Randolph, who has racked up nearly every major prize this awards season, added to her collection the SAG Award for best supporting actress for playing a grieving cafeteria manager in “The Holdovers.” “For every actor out there still waiting in the wings for their chance, let me tell you your life can change in a day,” Randolph said to loud applause, adding, “Keep going.”
Randolph wasn’t the only winner to reflect on the difficulties and rewards of a profession where success or failure can come down to a receptive casting director or a blown audition. Yeun remembered getting his SAG card for a candy commercial (he wore a Speedo and wriggled around in caramel), while Debicki reflected on the joy she of getting a role in a school play, saying it’s a feeling she has carried with her into her professional work.
The SAG Awards, which traditionally have aired on cable television, were shown live on Netflix for the first time, which meant that winners and presenters felt free to drop four-letter words. Even though the evening was celebratory, the prizes were handed out at a tumultuous time in Hollywood, with the streaming revolution largely responsible for a period of intense labor strife and economic disruption. The members of the actors union, as well as the Writers Guild of America, spent months on strike in 2023, angry over the way that streaming had shrunk the royalties they once earned when the movies and shows they appeared in were licensed. A new deal was reached in November, with the actors receiving pay bumps and higher residuals. The pact also included protections against the use of artificial intelligence. But the work stoppage led to production delays and lost income.
At the awards show, Fran Drescher, “The Nanny” star who oversaw the 118-day strike as SAG-AFTRA president, praised the members for their solidarity, saying that their efforts resulted in a “historic” pact. “You are the champions,” Dreshcer said. “You survived the longest strike in our union’s history with courage and conviction.”
The growing importance of streaming services that angered performers and screenwriters hasn’t always been a boon for studios. Many of them made expensive bets that they could better compete with Netflix by launching their own in-house challengers like Disney+, Paramount+ and Max, only to find that the costs were too great and the profits too scarce. Most of these major conglomerates have seen their stock prices swoon as Wall Street has more closely scrutinized their business models.
One winner entered Saturday’s ceremony fully aware she’d be making a speech. Barbra Streisand, the legendary singer, actress, producer and director, received SAG’s life achievement honor, taking the stage as the theme from “The Way We Were” played. She remembered being a young girl, living with her family in a modest Brooklyn apartment, dreaming of Hollywood while eating coffee-flavored ice cream and reading film magazines.
“I didn’t like reality,” she said. “I wanted to be in the movies.”
Many of the screen goddesses Streisand idolized didn’t look like her — her mother told her she should learn to type instead of banking on becoming a leading lady. “But I didn’t listen,” Streisand declared.
See the full list of winners below.
Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture
“American Fiction”
“Barbie”
“The Color Purple”
“Killers of the Flower Moon”
“Oppenheimer” — WINNER
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role
Bradley Cooper – “Maestro”
Colman Domingo – “Rustin”
Paul Giamatti – “The Holdovers”
Cillian Murphy – “Oppenheimer” — WINNER
Jeffrey Wright – “American Fiction”
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role
Annette Bening – “Nyad”
Lily Gladstone – “Killers of the Flower Moon” — WINNER
Carey Mulligan – “Maestro”
Margot Robbie – “Barbie”
Emma Stone – “Poor Things”
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Supporting Role
Sterling K. Brown – “American Fiction”
Willem Dafoe – “Poor Things”
Robert De Niro – “Killers of the Flower Moon”
Robert Downey Jr. – “Oppenheimer” — WINNER
Ryan Gosling – “Barbie”
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Supporting Role
Emily Blunt – “Oppenheimer”
Danielle Brooks – “The Color Purple”
Penelope Cruz – “Ferrari”
Jodie Foster – “Nyad”
Da’Vine Joy Randolph – “The Holdovers” — WINNER
Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series
“The Crown”
“The Gilded Age”
“The Last of Us”
“The Morning Show”
“Succession” — WINNER
Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series
“Abbot Elementary”
“Barry”
“The Bear” — WINNER
“Only Murders in the Building”
“Ted Lasso”
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Drama Series
Brian Cox – “Succession”
Billy Crudup – “The Morning Show”
Kieran Culkin – “Succession”
Matthew Macfadyen – “Succession”
Pedro Pascal – “The Last of Us” — WINNER
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series
Jennifer Aniston – “The Morning Show”
Elizabeth Debicki – “The Crown” — WINNER
Bella Ramsey – “The Last of Us”
Keri Russell – “The Diplomat”
Sarah Snook – “Succession”
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Comedy Series
Alex Borstein – “The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel”
Rachel Brosnahan – “The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel”
Quinta Brunson – “Abbott Elementary”
Ayo Edebiri – “The Bear” — WINNER
Hannah Waddingham – “Ted Lasso”
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Comedy Series
Brett Goldstein – “Ted Lasso”
Bill Hader – “Barry”
Ebon Moss-Bachrach – “The Bear”
Jason Sudeikis – “Ted Lasso”
Jeremy Allen White – “The Bear” — WINNER
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Television Movie or Limited Series
Uzo Aduba – “Painkiller”
Kathryn Hahn – Tiny Beautiful Things”
Brie Larson – “Lessons in Chemistry”
Bel Powley – “A Small Light”
Ali Wong – “Beef” — WINNER
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Television Movie or Limited Series
Matt Bomer – “Fellow Travelers”
Jon Hamm – “Fargo”
David Oyelowo – “Lawmen: Bass Reeves”
Tony Shalhoub – “Mr. Monk’s Last Case: A Monk Movie”
Steven Yeun – “Beef” — WINNER
Outstanding Action Performance by a Stunt Ensemble in a Television Series
“Ahsoka”
“Barry”
“Beef”
“The Last of Us” — WINNER
“The Mandalorian”
Outstanding Action Performance by a Stunt Ensemble in a Motion Picture
“Barbie”
“Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3”
“Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny”
“John Wick: Chapter 4”
|
|||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
2
| 86
|
https://www.sajr.co.za/behind-the-scenes-of-a-south-african-born-acting-icon/
|
en
|
Behind the scenes of a South African-born acting icon
|
[
"https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=2751864554910467&ev=PageView&noscript=1",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/SA-Jewish-Report-Logo-360-x-65-Logo-1.png",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/homeIcon.png",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/download-icon.png",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Subscribe2.png",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Donate2.png",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Become-A-Patron2.png",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/SA-Jewish-Report-Logo-552-x-110-Logo-1.png",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/SA-Jewish-Report-Logo-360-x-65-Logo-1.png",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/JAA-2024-LOGO.svg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Become-A-Patron2.png",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Donate2.png",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Subscribe2.png",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/homeIcon.png",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/5db89095-2fa1-4227-9ae3-f551a23fa89d-400x200.jpeg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Identical-twin-sisters-Ariella-and-Atarah-Katzeff-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/The-funeral-of-Israeli-soldier-Captain-Daniel-Perez-at-the-Mount-Herzl-Military-Cemetery-in-Jerusalem-in-March-2024.-ChaimGoldberg-400x240.png",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Tisha-BAv-at-Pine-Street-Shul.-Credit-Ilan-Ossendryver-2-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/An-Israeli-Navy-ship-patrols-along-the-coast-of-the-Haifa-waiting-in-anticipation-of-an-attack-from-Hezbollah.-Oren-Ziv-AFP-via-Getty-Images-400x240.png",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Amos-Horn.-Credit-Ilan-Ossendryver-2-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Rolene-Marks-339x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Blankets-being-knitted-by-South-African-olim-for-soldiers-and-displaced-families-in-Israel-2-400x240.jpeg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/A-poppy-memorial-for-those-killed-at-the-Nova-Festival-Credit-Ilan-Ossendryver-3-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Vivian-Silver-1-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Amos-Horn.-Credit-Ilan-Ossendryver-2-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Rolene-Marks-339x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Blankets-being-knitted-by-South-African-olim-for-soldiers-and-displaced-families-in-Israel-2-400x240.jpeg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/A-poppy-memorial-for-those-killed-at-the-Nova-Festival-Credit-Ilan-Ossendryver-3-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Vivian-Silver-1-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Delegates-from-South-African-Friends-of-Israel-at-the-Passages-conference-in-Washington-DC-400x240.jpeg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Raymond-Hack-400x240.jpeg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Hamas-leader-Ismail-Haniyeh-with-newly-elected-Iranian-President-Masoud-Pezeshkian-in-Tehran-on-30-July-2024.-Iranian-Presidency-Handout-400x240.png",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Jay-Kaplan-400x240.jpeg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/image_2024_07_31T09_44_29_229Z-400x240.png",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Delegates-from-South-African-Friends-of-Israel-at-the-Passages-conference-in-Washington-DC-400x240.jpeg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Raymond-Hack-400x240.jpeg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Hamas-leader-Ismail-Haniyeh-with-newly-elected-Iranian-President-Masoud-Pezeshkian-in-Tehran-on-30-July-2024.-Iranian-Presidency-Handout-400x240.png",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Jay-Kaplan-400x240.jpeg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/image_2024_07_31T09_44_29_229Z-400x240.png",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Rabbi-Danny-Sackstein-1-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Rabbi-Greg-Alexander-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Rabbi-Pini-Hecht1-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/RabbiChaikinNew-scaled-e1619072355596-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Rabbi-Thurgood-1-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Rabbi-Danny-Sackstein-1-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Rabbi-Greg-Alexander-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Rabbi-Pini-Hecht1-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/RabbiChaikinNew-scaled-e1619072355596-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Rabbi-Thurgood-1-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/The-funeral-of-Israeli-soldier-Captain-Daniel-Perez-at-the-Mount-Herzl-Military-Cemetery-in-Jerusalem-in-March-2024.-ChaimGoldberg-400x240.png",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Glen-Segall-1-400x240.jpeg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/HarryJoffe-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/The-South-African-needs-to-focus-more-on-local-issues-such-as-crime-and-health-care-and-less-on-issues-in-the-Middle-East-2.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Debbie-Edelstein-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Learners-in-exhibition-1-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/IMG-20240805-WA0003-1-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Ockey-Salmenson-Willie-Pokroy-and-Zelda-Wolfe-on-Zeldas-100th-birthday.-credit-Julian-Pokroy-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Billie-Sack.-Credit-Greg-Hack.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Youth-development-is-one-of-the-core-pillars-of-Afrika-Tikkun-2-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Learners-in-exhibition-1-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/IMG-20240805-WA0003-1-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Ockey-Salmenson-Willie-Pokroy-and-Zelda-Wolfe-on-Zeldas-100th-birthday.-credit-Julian-Pokroy-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Billie-Sack.-Credit-Greg-Hack.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Youth-development-is-one-of-the-core-pillars-of-Afrika-Tikkun-2-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/44-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Daphne-Kuhn-3-400x240.png",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Ari-Kruger-and-Daniel-Zimbler-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Nik-Rabinowitz-4-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Jonathan-Ancer-3-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/44-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Daphne-Kuhn-3-400x240.png",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Ari-Kruger-and-Daniel-Zimbler-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Nik-Rabinowitz-4-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Jonathan-Ancer-3-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/5db89095-2fa1-4227-9ae3-f551a23fa89d-400x200.jpeg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/WhatsApp-Image-2024-07-11-at-18.04.31-1-400x200.jpeg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/8efd11c0-3491-407c-b303-2e00c71b8e88-400x200.jpeg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/WhatsApp-Image-2024-06-23-at-09.36.58-400x200.jpeg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/elections-ZOOM-640x200-1-400x200.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Eric-Ellerine.-Ilan-Ossendryver-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/David-Teeger-accepting-his-Rising-Star-award-at-the-2023-Absa-Jewish-Achiever-Awards-400x240.png",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Credit-Ilan-Ossendryver-1-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Robbie-Brozin-winning-the-2023-Lifetime-Achievement-Award.-Ilan-Ossendryver-400x240.png",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/393476656_838223154970810_7420431114252821141_n-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/download-icon.png",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/JAA-2024-Banner-2024-08-14-820.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/Sir-Antony-Sher-with-his-siblings.jpg",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e27c4f0505587de4b84a104ca55e715d?s=46&d=mm&r=g",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/SA-Jewish-Report-Logo-552-x-110-Logo-1.png",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/High-res-Rowan-Polovin-400x240.png",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/High-res-Rowan-Polovin-80x80.png",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Dr-Ruth-Rabinowitz-with-Matt-Margot-and-Daniel-Rabinowitz-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Dr-Ruth-Rabinowitz-with-Matt-Margot-and-Daniel-Rabinowitz-80x80.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Jules-and-Dr-Selma-Browde-in-2016.-Credit-Thenjiwe-Niki-Nkosi-400x240.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Jules-and-Dr-Selma-Browde-in-2016.-Credit-Thenjiwe-Niki-Nkosi-80x80.jpg",
"https://www.sajr.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/SA-Jewish-Report-Logo-552-x-110-Logo-1.png"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Nicola Miltz"
] |
2021-12-09T05:49:51+00:00
|
To most people, he was Sir Antony Sher, one of Britain’s finest stage actors who was internationally renowned for tackling the toughest Shakespearean roles with successful stints on the big and small screen.
|
en
|
Jewish Report
|
https://www.sajr.co.za/behind-the-scenes-of-a-south-african-born-acting-icon/
|
To most people, he was Sir Antony Sher, one of Britain’s finest stage actors who was internationally renowned for tackling the toughest Shakespearean roles with successful stints on the big and small screen.
To his beloved family in South Africa, he was “just Ant”, not a “Sir” knighted by the Queen for his contribution to theatre or a celebrated thespian who graced the world’s most famous playhouses. They just saw him as a humble, reserved, and warm man who loved Cape Town with all his heart and visited as often as he could.
Sher died last week of cancer at the age of 72. His illness was reported in September, when the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC) announced that its artistic director, Sher’s husband, Greg Doran, would be taking compassionate leave to care for him at the couple’s Stratford-upon-Avon home.
“In the United Kingdom [UK], they called him Tony. Here he was Antony, a loved son, brother, uncle, cousin, and friend,” said his niece, Monique Sher, this week.
“I fondly referred to him as ‘Sir Uncle’. He once jokingly teased I should be calling him ‘Sir Doctor Uncle’ because I think he received three honorary doctorates,” she said.
While the theatre world mourned Sher’s untimely passing, his family took time to reflect on his “magnificent life well lived”.
“He was a very lucky man whose passion became his job, and he was good at it,” said Monique. “He died too young at 72, but he had an amazing, wonderful, full life.”
She said Sher and Doran, who directed him in many plays, loved to travel and went everywhere together.
“From the gorillas in Uganda to my late great-grandfather’s village in Lithuania, they travelled a lot.”
Not only was Sher a hugely celebrated actor, he was a fine artist and the accomplished author of several books.
“He got to do it all. What a great life he had!” she said.
Monique’s father, Randall Sher, said he was hoping to see his late brother soon in London. “Antony and I were very close – as close as brothers could be,” he said.
“Antony called me from the UK most Sundays at about 18:00. We were always on the same page. I cannot remember having any disagreements with him,” he said.
Sher was one of four siblings including Randall, the eldest, then their sister Verne, Antony in the middle, followed by Joel, the youngest.
The children were born and raised in Sea Point, where the boys attended Sea Point Primary and High School.
Their parents, Mannie and Margery, were very supportive of Sher, visiting him annually in London and accompanying him when Sher was knighted.
“There was a big leaning towards the theatre in our home because our mother was mad about it,” said Randall. “We were very much a theatre-going family although my father fell asleep from the minute the curtain was raised until the end. He would often attend Antony’s performances in London only to sleep through the entire show.”
As a child, he said Antony was “withdrawn and quiet”.
“He was very artistic and liked to do his own thing. He had one or two good friends. but liked to stay pretty much to himself. He was very talented, and it was often a toss-up over whether he should pursue acting or art as a career,” he said.
After completing compulsory military service, Sher moved to London at the age of 19 to study drama and acting. After stints with various performance schools, his professional career began at the Liverpool Everyman Theatre before he moved to the RSC in 1982.
It took him years to forge an identity he was comfortable with. He’s quoted in The Times as saying, “Gay, Jewish, white South African, that’s three minority groups. I wasn’t ready to come out as gay. Jewish I was a bit worried about because I couldn’t see any examples of great leading classical actors who were Jewish, and white South African was a problem because my political education didn’t really start until I got here [Britain] and I suddenly realised I’d been part of one of the most abhorrent societies on earth.”
From the RSC, a career as one of the greatest stage actors of his time began. His many tributes all mention his astounding 1984 performance as the titular king in Shakespeare’s Richard III as his breakthrough. He would win the Laurence Olivier Award – the most prestigious theatre award in the UK – for the performance as well as for his diverse portrayals including a drag artist in Harvey Fierstein’s Torch Song Trilogy. In his acceptance speech, he quipped, “I’m very happy to be the first actor to win an award for playing both a king and a queen.”
Sher went on to win once more in 1997. He toured the country performing with the RSC, and also appeared in television and film productions.
One of Sher’s favourite longstanding family traditions was to jump off the imposing granite rocks into the icy sea at Saunders’ Rocks Beach in Bantry Bay.
“Once he did it on the way to the airport after one of his visits,” said Monique.
Though the family wasn’t religious, they would always get together for meals on Friday nights and high holidays.
Upon hearing the news of his passing, Prince Charles paid tribute to Sher, calling him a “great man and an irreplaceable talent”. In a statement posted on his official website, he wrote that he was “deeply saddened” by the news.
“As the president of the Royal Shakespeare Company, I had the great joy and privilege of knowing him for many years, and admired him enormously for the consummate skill and passion he brought to every role,” Prince Charles wrote. “My most treasured memory of him was as Falstaff in a brilliant production of Greg Doran’s. I feel particularly blessed to have known him, but we have all lost a giant of the stage at the height of his genius.”
Sher was a prolific writer, with novels such as Middlepost (1989) named after the blink-and-you-miss-it town founded by his grandfather when the family arrived in South Africa in the early 1900s; an autobiography titled Beside Myself (2001); and theatre-diaries-cum-acting manuals for young actors including Year of the King (1985), chronicling his role in Richard 111; Year of the Fat Knight (2015) about working on Falstaff; and Year of the ‘Mad King’ (2018) after his portrayal of King Lear which earned him the 2019 Theatre Book Prize.
His lifelong “work-and-life” friend, well known South African theatre director Janice Honeyman, described Sher as her “theatre-hero”, her “soul-brother, buddy, colleague, thinker, perfectionist, personal teacher, inspiration, and consummate artist” whom she had known since childhood.
In a tribute to her friend in the Sunday Times, she said, “You have always been pure pleasure to direct – you showed willingness to go anywhere I led you, you were greedy for direction, for exploration, for personalising the role, internalising, finding the intimate and infinite detail in the writing, every aspect of your character, and ever-eager for more and more notes to work on! Have you any idea, Tony, how stimulating and gratifying that is for any director?”
Another of his closest friends and colleagues, celebrated actor, activist, and playwright, John Kani, said he was “gutted and left breathless” by the news.
Ironically, Kani last worked with Sher on Kani’s Kunene and the King, the story of an actor trying to get to play King Lear while dying of liver cancer, directed by Honeyman.
Sher’s great-nephew, Joshua Maughan, posted on Facebook, “Not only was he a great uncle, but a mentor and role model who helped me to navigate some of the most transformative moments in my life. It seems more pertinent than ever that the first text we worked on together was Richard II where we sat, overlooking Cape Town’s endless oceans, discussing the stark reality of mortality and how tangible life feels. I will always carry an indescribable amount of love and gratitude for all you were and all you did. I have no doubt that you’re sipping a strong [as it should be] G&T with the Bard upstairs. I miss you already.”
|
|||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 84
|
https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/tv/story/2024-02-24/sag-awards-screen-actors-2024-guild-netflix-review-barbra-streisand-review
|
en
|
Review: Netflix streams a SAG Awards graced by Barbra Streisand but also much of the usual
|
https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/2e690f5/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3801x1996+0+198/resize/1200x630!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fe9%2F9c%2Ff650fd684995b951c1bb3968ad63%2F1413878-et-2024-sag-awards-show-rg-1539.jpg
|
https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/2e690f5/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3801x1996+0+198/resize/1200x630!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fe9%2F9c%2Ff650fd684995b951c1bb3968ad63%2F1413878-et-2024-sag-awards-show-rg-1539.jpg
|
[
"https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/9075c5b/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3801x2392+0+0/resize/320x201!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fe9%2F9c%2Ff650fd684995b951c1bb3968ad63%2F1413878-et-2024-sag-awards-show-rg-1539.jpg 320w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/6c75248/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3801x2392+0+0/resize/568x357!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fe9%2F9c%2Ff650fd684995b951c1bb3968ad63%2F1413878-et-2024-sag-awards-show-rg-1539.jpg 568w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/bb70656/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3801x2392+0+0/resize/768x483!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fe9%2F9c%2Ff650fd684995b951c1bb3968ad63%2F1413878-et-2024-sag-awards-show-rg-1539.jpg 768w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/cc7043e/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3801x2392+0+0/resize/1024x644!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fe9%2F9c%2Ff650fd684995b951c1bb3968ad63%2F1413878-et-2024-sag-awards-show-rg-1539.jpg 1024w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/e4ef41d/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3801x2392+0+0/resize/1200x755!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fe9%2F9c%2Ff650fd684995b951c1bb3968ad63%2F1413878-et-2024-sag-awards-show-rg-1539.jpg 1200w",
"https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/34f825f/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3123x2082+216+0/resize/110x73!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F65%2Fb6%2Fef4ffceb480ea05edf9d859c9eac%2F1413878-et-2024-sag-awards-show-rg-2883.jpg 110w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/6b4aa83/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3123x2082+216+0/resize/180x120!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F65%2Fb6%2Fef4ffceb480ea05edf9d859c9eac%2F1413878-et-2024-sag-awards-show-rg-2883.jpg 180w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/d66acb5/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3123x2082+216+0/resize/320x213!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F65%2Fb6%2Fef4ffceb480ea05edf9d859c9eac%2F1413878-et-2024-sag-awards-show-rg-2883.jpg 320w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/68e2791/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3123x2082+216+0/resize/568x379!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F65%2Fb6%2Fef4ffceb480ea05edf9d859c9eac%2F1413878-et-2024-sag-awards-show-rg-2883.jpg 568w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/b68a585/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3123x2082+216+0/resize/768x512!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F65%2Fb6%2Fef4ffceb480ea05edf9d859c9eac%2F1413878-et-2024-sag-awards-show-rg-2883.jpg 768w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/ae5ed8a/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3123x2082+216+0/resize/840x560!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F65%2Fb6%2Fef4ffceb480ea05edf9d859c9eac%2F1413878-et-2024-sag-awards-show-rg-2883.jpg 840w",
"https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/c035df9/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3621x2217+0+0/resize/320x196!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F5b%2F85%2Fa33d288e4f82a2e73b49cc6e57ae%2F1413878-et-2024-sag-awards-show-rg-0687.jpg 320w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/d8662ab/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3621x2217+0+0/resize/568x348!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F5b%2F85%2Fa33d288e4f82a2e73b49cc6e57ae%2F1413878-et-2024-sag-awards-show-rg-0687.jpg 568w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/1994615/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3621x2217+0+0/resize/768x470!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F5b%2F85%2Fa33d288e4f82a2e73b49cc6e57ae%2F1413878-et-2024-sag-awards-show-rg-0687.jpg 768w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/42cb9a0/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3621x2217+0+0/resize/1024x627!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F5b%2F85%2Fa33d288e4f82a2e73b49cc6e57ae%2F1413878-et-2024-sag-awards-show-rg-0687.jpg 1024w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/8bd64d3/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3621x2217+0+0/resize/1200x735!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F5b%2F85%2Fa33d288e4f82a2e73b49cc6e57ae%2F1413878-et-2024-sag-awards-show-rg-0687.jpg 1200w",
"https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/cb13a8f/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3155x2103+19+0/resize/110x73!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F26%2F25%2Ffe4c82f246dabb47ad9d0a4022d9%2F1413878-et-2024-sag-awards-show-rg-1775.jpg 110w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/8853cfa/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3155x2103+19+0/resize/180x120!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F26%2F25%2Ffe4c82f246dabb47ad9d0a4022d9%2F1413878-et-2024-sag-awards-show-rg-1775.jpg 180w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/efb0e58/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3155x2103+19+0/resize/320x213!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F26%2F25%2Ffe4c82f246dabb47ad9d0a4022d9%2F1413878-et-2024-sag-awards-show-rg-1775.jpg 320w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/2773f7d/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3155x2103+19+0/resize/568x379!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F26%2F25%2Ffe4c82f246dabb47ad9d0a4022d9%2F1413878-et-2024-sag-awards-show-rg-1775.jpg 568w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/28e89da/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3155x2103+19+0/resize/768x512!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F26%2F25%2Ffe4c82f246dabb47ad9d0a4022d9%2F1413878-et-2024-sag-awards-show-rg-1775.jpg 768w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/07da38b/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3155x2103+19+0/resize/840x560!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F26%2F25%2Ffe4c82f246dabb47ad9d0a4022d9%2F1413878-et-2024-sag-awards-show-rg-1775.jpg 840w",
"https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/8f0935e/2147483647/strip/true/crop/2973x1988+136+0/resize/320x214!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F25%2F6f%2F7e5a8d164da7a69a01af051d1e08%2F1413878-et-2024-sag-awards-show-rg-1497.jpg 320w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/e837100/2147483647/strip/true/crop/2973x1988+136+0/resize/568x380!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F25%2F6f%2F7e5a8d164da7a69a01af051d1e08%2F1413878-et-2024-sag-awards-show-rg-1497.jpg 568w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/64adf8c/2147483647/strip/true/crop/2973x1988+136+0/resize/768x514!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F25%2F6f%2F7e5a8d164da7a69a01af051d1e08%2F1413878-et-2024-sag-awards-show-rg-1497.jpg 768w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/121fb26/2147483647/strip/true/crop/2973x1988+136+0/resize/1024x685!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F25%2F6f%2F7e5a8d164da7a69a01af051d1e08%2F1413878-et-2024-sag-awards-show-rg-1497.jpg 1024w",
"https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/84b4830/2147483647/strip/true/crop/5504x3681+0+0/resize/320x214!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F6a%2Fb0%2F74d699d046ccaa1d0c03f54471a1%2Fbarbra-streisand-2023-04-12-firooz-zahedi.jpg 320w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/bb044bb/2147483647/strip/true/crop/5504x3681+0+0/resize/568x380!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F6a%2Fb0%2F74d699d046ccaa1d0c03f54471a1%2Fbarbra-streisand-2023-04-12-firooz-zahedi.jpg 568w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/04bfff8/2147483647/strip/true/crop/5504x3681+0+0/resize/768x514!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F6a%2Fb0%2F74d699d046ccaa1d0c03f54471a1%2Fbarbra-streisand-2023-04-12-firooz-zahedi.jpg 768w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/a3ef7e3/2147483647/strip/true/crop/5504x3681+0+0/resize/1024x685!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F6a%2Fb0%2F74d699d046ccaa1d0c03f54471a1%2Fbarbra-streisand-2023-04-12-firooz-zahedi.jpg 1024w",
"https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/0e1c8bb/2147483647/strip/true/crop/5283x3533+9+0/resize/320x214!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fa9%2Fa4%2Faf8db0e14d56b17d949068e2b285%2F1259611-et-2023-sag-awards-show-01075.jpg 320w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/a13d9eb/2147483647/strip/true/crop/5283x3533+9+0/resize/568x380!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fa9%2Fa4%2Faf8db0e14d56b17d949068e2b285%2F1259611-et-2023-sag-awards-show-01075.jpg 568w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/5ed7ddd/2147483647/strip/true/crop/5283x3533+9+0/resize/768x514!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fa9%2Fa4%2Faf8db0e14d56b17d949068e2b285%2F1259611-et-2023-sag-awards-show-01075.jpg 768w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/fc695e4/2147483647/strip/true/crop/5283x3533+9+0/resize/1024x685!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fa9%2Fa4%2Faf8db0e14d56b17d949068e2b285%2F1259611-et-2023-sag-awards-show-01075.jpg 1024w",
"https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/fdc840b/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1125x1125+438+0/resize/100x100!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F75%2Ff2%2F9e9819a8c8e6f34bc11cfcba9160%2Fimg-5bb2ab9e-turbine-la-bio-robert-lloyd",
"https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/1e73978/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3324x2216+0+0/resize/110x73!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fab%2Fc5%2F2e672f4d453dad7b5f70da069782%2Fdanielle-fishell-baseball-cropped.jpg 110w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/7cc3f48/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3324x2216+0+0/resize/180x120!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fab%2Fc5%2F2e672f4d453dad7b5f70da069782%2Fdanielle-fishell-baseball-cropped.jpg 180w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/105c854/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3324x2216+0+0/resize/320x213!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fab%2Fc5%2F2e672f4d453dad7b5f70da069782%2Fdanielle-fishell-baseball-cropped.jpg 320w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/0e15f32/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3324x2216+0+0/resize/568x379!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fab%2Fc5%2F2e672f4d453dad7b5f70da069782%2Fdanielle-fishell-baseball-cropped.jpg 568w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/c947a81/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3324x2216+0+0/resize/768x512!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fab%2Fc5%2F2e672f4d453dad7b5f70da069782%2Fdanielle-fishell-baseball-cropped.jpg 768w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/374834f/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3324x2216+0+0/resize/840x560!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fab%2Fc5%2F2e672f4d453dad7b5f70da069782%2Fdanielle-fishell-baseball-cropped.jpg 840w",
"https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/b02caa6/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3402x2268+49+0/resize/110x73!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F7e%2Fa1%2F8600911243e8b6162d59afe17aad%2Fap20065659542922.jpg 110w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/daa136d/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3402x2268+49+0/resize/180x120!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F7e%2Fa1%2F8600911243e8b6162d59afe17aad%2Fap20065659542922.jpg 180w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/43d4acd/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3402x2268+49+0/resize/320x213!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F7e%2Fa1%2F8600911243e8b6162d59afe17aad%2Fap20065659542922.jpg 320w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/b726fb3/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3402x2268+49+0/resize/568x379!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F7e%2Fa1%2F8600911243e8b6162d59afe17aad%2Fap20065659542922.jpg 568w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/27ff9cd/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3402x2268+49+0/resize/768x512!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F7e%2Fa1%2F8600911243e8b6162d59afe17aad%2Fap20065659542922.jpg 768w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/602e96c/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3402x2268+49+0/resize/840x560!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F7e%2Fa1%2F8600911243e8b6162d59afe17aad%2Fap20065659542922.jpg 840w",
"https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/7783429/2147483647/strip/true/crop/2250x1500+0+71/resize/110x73!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F99%2F90%2F066b20fd42799a130d85a4435031%2Fenv-steve-martin-02.jpg 110w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/b6cc2d0/2147483647/strip/true/crop/2250x1500+0+71/resize/180x120!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F99%2F90%2F066b20fd42799a130d85a4435031%2Fenv-steve-martin-02.jpg 180w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/8657c5e/2147483647/strip/true/crop/2250x1500+0+71/resize/320x213!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F99%2F90%2F066b20fd42799a130d85a4435031%2Fenv-steve-martin-02.jpg 320w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/58d4482/2147483647/strip/true/crop/2250x1500+0+71/resize/568x379!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F99%2F90%2F066b20fd42799a130d85a4435031%2Fenv-steve-martin-02.jpg 568w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/3603584/2147483647/strip/true/crop/2250x1500+0+71/resize/768x512!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F99%2F90%2F066b20fd42799a130d85a4435031%2Fenv-steve-martin-02.jpg 768w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/6f3abba/2147483647/strip/true/crop/2250x1500+0+71/resize/840x560!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F99%2F90%2F066b20fd42799a130d85a4435031%2Fenv-steve-martin-02.jpg 840w",
"https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/580f743/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3472x2315+0+799/resize/110x73!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F4c%2F07%2F100a148a47819351487165299ee9%2F1469655-env-nikki-glasser-002a.jpg 110w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/2926677/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3472x2315+0+799/resize/180x120!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F4c%2F07%2F100a148a47819351487165299ee9%2F1469655-env-nikki-glasser-002a.jpg 180w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/4d85c33/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3472x2315+0+799/resize/320x213!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F4c%2F07%2F100a148a47819351487165299ee9%2F1469655-env-nikki-glasser-002a.jpg 320w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/0ba98ec/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3472x2315+0+799/resize/568x379!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F4c%2F07%2F100a148a47819351487165299ee9%2F1469655-env-nikki-glasser-002a.jpg 568w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/9b5a81d/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3472x2315+0+799/resize/768x512!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F4c%2F07%2F100a148a47819351487165299ee9%2F1469655-env-nikki-glasser-002a.jpg 768w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/652decf/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3472x2315+0+799/resize/840x560!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F4c%2F07%2F100a148a47819351487165299ee9%2F1469655-env-nikki-glasser-002a.jpg 840w",
"https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/9dbbea4/2147483647/strip/true/crop/7786x5191+0+1/resize/110x73!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F61%2Faf%2Fcd086e8d416eab89ff6d77b65481%2F1448228-et-0522-hacks-hannah-einbinder-cmh-01.jpg 110w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/b11b327/2147483647/strip/true/crop/7786x5191+0+1/resize/180x120!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F61%2Faf%2Fcd086e8d416eab89ff6d77b65481%2F1448228-et-0522-hacks-hannah-einbinder-cmh-01.jpg 180w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/6e15e38/2147483647/strip/true/crop/7786x5191+0+1/resize/320x213!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F61%2Faf%2Fcd086e8d416eab89ff6d77b65481%2F1448228-et-0522-hacks-hannah-einbinder-cmh-01.jpg 320w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/66b1b78/2147483647/strip/true/crop/7786x5191+0+1/resize/568x379!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F61%2Faf%2Fcd086e8d416eab89ff6d77b65481%2F1448228-et-0522-hacks-hannah-einbinder-cmh-01.jpg 568w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/cc39b91/2147483647/strip/true/crop/7786x5191+0+1/resize/768x512!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F61%2Faf%2Fcd086e8d416eab89ff6d77b65481%2F1448228-et-0522-hacks-hannah-einbinder-cmh-01.jpg 768w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/f025ca9/2147483647/strip/true/crop/7786x5191+0+1/resize/840x560!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F61%2Faf%2Fcd086e8d416eab89ff6d77b65481%2F1448228-et-0522-hacks-hannah-einbinder-cmh-01.jpg 840w",
"https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/cb25fd6/2147483647/strip/true/crop/4428x2952+532+2279/resize/110x73!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F8c%2F6c%2Fd04dd8c5461a8cf9ced759b5764f%2F1469109-env-0801-matt-bomer-photo-cmh-10.jpg 110w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/d6d1bb0/2147483647/strip/true/crop/4428x2952+532+2279/resize/180x120!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F8c%2F6c%2Fd04dd8c5461a8cf9ced759b5764f%2F1469109-env-0801-matt-bomer-photo-cmh-10.jpg 180w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/f94c593/2147483647/strip/true/crop/4428x2952+532+2279/resize/320x213!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F8c%2F6c%2Fd04dd8c5461a8cf9ced759b5764f%2F1469109-env-0801-matt-bomer-photo-cmh-10.jpg 320w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/7f7bc07/2147483647/strip/true/crop/4428x2952+532+2279/resize/568x379!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F8c%2F6c%2Fd04dd8c5461a8cf9ced759b5764f%2F1469109-env-0801-matt-bomer-photo-cmh-10.jpg 568w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/0dd24a0/2147483647/strip/true/crop/4428x2952+532+2279/resize/768x512!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F8c%2F6c%2Fd04dd8c5461a8cf9ced759b5764f%2F1469109-env-0801-matt-bomer-photo-cmh-10.jpg 768w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/1e21324/2147483647/strip/true/crop/4428x2952+532+2279/resize/840x560!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F8c%2F6c%2Fd04dd8c5461a8cf9ced759b5764f%2F1469109-env-0801-matt-bomer-photo-cmh-10.jpg 840w",
"https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/ef535b1/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1973x1315+0+84/resize/110x73!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F55%2Ffe%2Fee9525374f44842b9959ae1ac557%2Fsam-mccurdy-7313.jpg 110w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/45775a8/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1973x1315+0+84/resize/180x120!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F55%2Ffe%2Fee9525374f44842b9959ae1ac557%2Fsam-mccurdy-7313.jpg 180w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/2c1a6c4/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1973x1315+0+84/resize/320x213!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F55%2Ffe%2Fee9525374f44842b9959ae1ac557%2Fsam-mccurdy-7313.jpg 320w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/953a3d1/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1973x1315+0+84/resize/568x379!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F55%2Ffe%2Fee9525374f44842b9959ae1ac557%2Fsam-mccurdy-7313.jpg 568w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/7fed61a/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1973x1315+0+84/resize/768x512!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F55%2Ffe%2Fee9525374f44842b9959ae1ac557%2Fsam-mccurdy-7313.jpg 768w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/8cdb3a5/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1973x1315+0+84/resize/840x560!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F55%2Ffe%2Fee9525374f44842b9959ae1ac557%2Fsam-mccurdy-7313.jpg 840w",
"https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/1fc72d0/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1520x1013+163+0/resize/110x73!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fa1%2F06%2F1ed01e554b268745bc2a2ae9312d%2Ftonia-haddix-1.jpeg 110w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/53a255b/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1520x1013+163+0/resize/180x120!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fa1%2F06%2F1ed01e554b268745bc2a2ae9312d%2Ftonia-haddix-1.jpeg 180w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/b108b11/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1520x1013+163+0/resize/320x213!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fa1%2F06%2F1ed01e554b268745bc2a2ae9312d%2Ftonia-haddix-1.jpeg 320w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/27298ad/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1520x1013+163+0/resize/568x379!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fa1%2F06%2F1ed01e554b268745bc2a2ae9312d%2Ftonia-haddix-1.jpeg 568w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/363e37f/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1520x1013+163+0/resize/768x512!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fa1%2F06%2F1ed01e554b268745bc2a2ae9312d%2Ftonia-haddix-1.jpeg 768w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/43d9e44/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1520x1013+163+0/resize/840x560!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fa1%2F06%2F1ed01e554b268745bc2a2ae9312d%2Ftonia-haddix-1.jpeg 840w",
"https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/9984a9f/2147483647/strip/true/crop/5516x3677+0+0/resize/110x73!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fc3%2F6b%2F539eef184c19a8b1625e96cf4053%2Fny-premiere-of-apple-tv-docuseries-gutsy-65547.jpg 110w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/0b9ad55/2147483647/strip/true/crop/5516x3677+0+0/resize/180x120!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fc3%2F6b%2F539eef184c19a8b1625e96cf4053%2Fny-premiere-of-apple-tv-docuseries-gutsy-65547.jpg 180w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/40e4c7a/2147483647/strip/true/crop/5516x3677+0+0/resize/320x213!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fc3%2F6b%2F539eef184c19a8b1625e96cf4053%2Fny-premiere-of-apple-tv-docuseries-gutsy-65547.jpg 320w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/95d8b09/2147483647/strip/true/crop/5516x3677+0+0/resize/568x379!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fc3%2F6b%2F539eef184c19a8b1625e96cf4053%2Fny-premiere-of-apple-tv-docuseries-gutsy-65547.jpg 568w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/4d18966/2147483647/strip/true/crop/5516x3677+0+0/resize/768x512!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fc3%2F6b%2F539eef184c19a8b1625e96cf4053%2Fny-premiere-of-apple-tv-docuseries-gutsy-65547.jpg 768w,https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/96a80a3/2147483647/strip/true/crop/5516x3677+0+0/resize/840x560!/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalifornia-times-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fc3%2F6b%2F539eef184c19a8b1625e96cf4053%2Fny-premiere-of-apple-tv-docuseries-gutsy-65547.jpg 840w",
"https://ca-times.brightspotcdn.com/a6/d6/eea0f1094fb281dbea09e0aa79cd/art-caltimes-trademark-3x.png"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Robert Lloyd",
"Robert Lloyd Television Critic",
"www.latimes.com",
"robert-lloyd"
] |
2024-02-24T00:00:00
|
An elegant, generous speech by the lifetime award recipient was a highlight, but having no ads didn't mean no interruptions: Post-podium interviews tested patience.
|
en
|
/apple-touch-icon.png
|
Los Angeles Times
|
https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/tv/story/2024-02-24/sag-awards-screen-actors-2024-guild-netflix-review-barbra-streisand-review
|
Awards, awards, awards — so many they constitute a season of their own. Saturday night it was the turn of the Screen Actors Guild Awards, the 30th edition, going out from the Shrine Auditorium & Expo Hall to the globe for the first time via Netflix.
This was not the streamer’s first foray into live entertainment. Chris Rock’s “Selective Outrage,” some “Love Is Blind” events, a golf match that paired pro golfers and Formula One drivers came first. There is some irony in a platform created to let you to watch what you want whenever you want getting into the see-it-now game. Or perhaps it’s progress, moving from solipsism to community. Or just business. (That said, you will be able to watch the show at your leisure for the next 28 days, though there will be interruptions on the ad-supported tier.)
The SAG Awards have in fact aired for decades on TBS and TNT — basic cable! The least prestigious of television platforms. I must confess to never having watched a single one of those broadcasts, or being aware of them — my interest in awards shows, and awards, as an adult anyway, being limited to what I’ve been professionally assigned to cover, and this is the first year that has been deemed necessary. Because: Netflix. And so I’m unable to speak to how this year’s SAG Awards compared to any other’s.
Compared with other awards shows, it was not significantly better or worse than the Oscars, Emmys, et al., but possibly more to my taste because it honors a particular craft rather than an industry, and it put money — I assume — in the pockets of a labor union. (And also because it lasted only a couple of hours.)
As little interest as I have in stars or celebrities, I do love actors, who are as good as magic to me. There was the familiar scripted banter for the presenters, which ranged from kind of funny to clumsily delivered, and at times the former because of the latter. But all in all, the evening lacked the self-congratulatory air that can hang around the Oscars; there’s only so much you can get away with in a room full of people who know what you know. Even famous actors are glad to get work.
The evening began with what I learned was the traditional humorous “I am an actor” declarations, which relayed from Michael Cera and Colman Domingo, to Hannah Waddingham and Idris Elba, the latter who acted more or less as host. “Personally, I can’t wait to get home and have Netflix recommend this show to me based on all the shows I’ve watched myself in,” said Elba. As to swearing on a streaming platform, his advice was, “Maybe don’t say anything you wouldn’t say in front of Oprah.” Cut to Oprah. “F—, that was Oprah.”
Inevitably, there were memorable moments. The ASL speakers in the room reacting to Troy Kotsur’s finger-spelling the name of Steven Yeun (male actor in a television movie or related series, for “Beef”) before Greta Lee read it aloud. Billie Eilish autographing Melissa McCarthy’s forehead. A surprised Pedro Pascal (male actor in a drama series for “The Last of Us”) in pirate-white shirtsleeves admitting, “I’m a little drunk — I thought I could get drunk. ... So this is an incredible f— honor. … I’m going to have a panic attack and I’m going to leave.”)
Also: An inspirational speech by Da’Vine Joy Randolph (outstanding performance by a female actor for “The Holdovers”), who bothered to write one. An “in memoriam” segment not marred by cutaways to a celebrity singer. The room jumping to its feet at the announcement of Lily Gladstone winning female actor in a motion picture for “Killers of the Flower Moon.” Speeches honoring the SAG-AFTRA strike, by President Fran Drescher and others, because unions make us strong. The everlasting weirdness of Jeff Goldblum, paired with his “The Fly” costar Geena Davis to present the evening’s final award to the cast of “Oppenheimer.”
Halfway through the evening, Barbra Streisand (“proud to be a member for over 60 years”) received a lifetime achievement award, introduced by Jennifer Aniston (“magnificent talent aside, she’s also a mensch”), who said she once kissed the honoree at midnight, and Bradley Cooper, who played Kris Kristofferson in the remake of the Streisand remake of “A Star Is Born.” Having enjoyed her recent memoir, “My Name Is Barbra,” and being generally a fan, I might have tuned in just for this, especially given that Streisand doesn’t like attending awards shows or public speaking. “This is such a wonderful award to get ‘cause you know in advance you’re going to get it,” she said; that is, it didn’t require one to look happy when one lost.
Streisand’s favorite subjects — coffee ice cream, Marlon Brando and the openness of director William Wyler and cinematographer Harry Stradling to her suggestions on “Funny Girl” — all got a mention, as well as a reminder of the Jewish roots of the picture business: “They were all fleeing the prejudice they faced in Eastern Europe, simply because of their religion. I dream of a world where such prejudice is a thing of the past.”
Streisand aside, the ad-freeness of the evening was its most notable feature, though in fact there were commercial placeholders, most featuring backstage interviews by Tan France that unfortunately brought the red carpet into the midst of the program proper. So, one step forward, one step back.
|
||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
0
| 31
|
https://www.in70mm.com/presents/1963_blow_up/titel/j/joker/press/index.htm
|
en
|
"Joker" Production Notes
|
[
"https://www.in70mm.com/_images/borders/left/in70mm_150.jpg",
"https://www.in70mm.com/_images/borders/left/schauburg.gif",
"https://www.in70mm.com/_images/borders/left/biografmuseet.jpg",
"https://www.in70mm.com/presents/1963_blow_up/titel/j/joker/press/images/joker_imperial.jpg",
"https://www.in70mm.com/presents/1963_blow_up/titel/j/joker/press/images/IMG_20191003_183651_1200_small.jpg",
"https://www.in70mm.com/presents/1970_imax/2017_dunkirk/press/images/see_it_in_70mm.jpg",
"https://www.in70mm.com/presents/1963_blow_up/titel/j/joker/press/images/joker.jpg",
"https://www.in70mm.com/presents/1963_blow_up/titel/j/joker/press/images/zoo.jpg",
"https://www.in70mm.com/presents/1963_blow_up/titel/j/joker/press/images/affiche_joker_70mm.jpg",
"https://www.in70mm.com/presents/1963_blow_up/titel/j/joker/press/images/joker_schauburg.JPG",
"https://www.in70mm.com/presents/1963_blow_up/titel/j/joker/press/images/joker_savoy.JPG",
"https://www.in70mm.com/presents/1963_blow_up/titel/j/joker/press/images/joker_ritz_small.jpg",
"https://www.in70mm.com/presents/1963_blow_up/titel/j/joker/press/images/joker_essen.JPG",
"https://www.in70mm.com/presents/1963_blow_up/titel/j/joker/press/images/joker_astor.JPG",
"https://www.in70mm.com/presents/1963_blow_up/titel/j/joker/press/images/DSC_5538.jpg"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null | null |
Read more at
in70mm.com
The 70mm Newsletter
Written by: Warner BrothersDate: 24.09.2019 Forever alone in a crowd, Arthur Fleck seeks connection. Yet, as he trods the sooted Gotham City streets and rides the graffitied mass transit rails of a hostile town teeming with division and dissatisfaction, Arthur wears two masks. One, he paints on for his day job as a clown. The other he can never remove; its the guise he projects in a futile attempt to feel hes a part of the world around him, and not the misunderstood man whom life is repeatedly beating down. Fatherless, Arthur has a fragile mother, arguably his best friend, who nicknamed him Happy, a moniker thats fostered in Arthur a smile that hides the heartache beneath. But, when bullied by teens on the streets, taunted by suits on the subway, or simply teased by his fellow clowns at work, this social outlier only becomes even more out of sync with everyone around him.
Go to "Joker" 7OMM Release
Directed, co-written and produced by Todd Phillips, Joker is the filmmakers original vision of the infamous DC villain, an origin story infused with, but distinctly outside, the characters more traditional mythologies. Phillips exploration of Arthur Fleck, who is indelibly portrayed by Joaquin Phoenix, is of a man struggling to find his way in Gothams fractured society. Longing for any light to shine on him, he tries his hand as a stand-up comic, but finds the joke always seems to be on him. Caught in a cyclical existence between apathy and cruelty and, ultimately, betrayal, Arthur makes one bad decision after another that brings about a chain reaction of escalating events in this gritty, allegorical character study.
Three-time Oscar nominee Phoenix (The Master, Walk the Line, Gladiator) stars in the titular role alongside Oscar winner Robert De Niro (Raging Bull, The Godfather: Part II). The film also stars Zazie Beetz (TVs Atlanta, Deadpool 2), Frances Conroy (TVs American Horror Story, Hulus Castle Rock), Brett Cullen (42, Netflixs Narcos), Glenn Fleshler (TVs Billions, Barry), Bill Camp (Red Sparrow, Mollys Game), Shea Whigham (First Man, Kong: Skull Island), Marc Maron (TVs Maron, GLOW), Douglas Hodge (Red Sparrow, TVs Penny Dreadful), Josh Pais (upcoming Motherless Brooklyn, Going in Style) and Leigh Gill (HBOs Game of Thrones).
Oscar nominee Phillips (Borat, The Hangover trilogy) directed from a screenplay he co-wrote with Oscar-nominated writer Scott Silver (The Fighter), based on characters from DC. The film was produced by Phillips and Oscar nominee Bradley Cooper (A Star Is Born, American Sniper) under their Joint Effort banner, and Oscar nominee Emma Tillinger Koskoff (The Wolf of Wall Street). It was executive produced by Michael E. Uslan, Walter Hamada, Aaron L. Gilbert, Joseph Garner, Richard Baratta, and Bruce Berman.
Behind the scenes, Phillips was joined by director of photography Lawrence Sher (Godzilla: King of the Monsters, The Hangover trilogy), production designer Mark Friedberg (If Beale Street Could Talk, Selma), editor Jeff Groth (War Dogs, The Hangover Part III), and Oscar-winning costume designer Mark Bridges (Phantom Thread, The Artist). The music is by Hildur Guðnadóttir (HBOs Chernobyl, Sicario: Day of the Soldado). Warner Bros. Pictures Presents, in Association with Village Roadshow Pictures, in Association with BRON Creative, a Joint Effort Production, a Film by Todd Phillips, Joker. It will be distributed worldwide by Warner Bros. Pictures.
More in 70mm reading:
"Joker" 7OMM Release
Internet link:
About the Production
My mother always tells me to smile and put on a happy face...
Arthur Fleck
Its the early 1980s, and Gotham City is in turmoil. But there is no criminal underbelly at work, nor a mob overlord putting all at risk to serve his own interests. Its a much more palpable concern for anyone living within the dystopian borders of this divided community of haves and havenots growing ever further apart, the tensions only exacerbated by a weeks-long garbage strike. Gotham is teetering on the edge of a fall; there is only the city and those who oversee it, and as in any municipality short of funding for the fundless, services designed to alleviate the difficulties of the disenfranchised are being cut. No, this is not the Gotham, nor the Joker, one would recognize from 80 years of established storytelling depicted on the page or screen. Rather, this is an original, standalone origin of this infamous character, the tale of an atmosphere of unrest fostering a man on the brink who, like his cityand likely, because of itgrows closer to the precipice: Arthur Fleck.
"Joker" in 70mm at the Grand Lake, Oakland, California, USA, 3. October, 2019. Picture by Theatre Manager Casey Foster.
Filmmaker Todd Phillips allows, I love the complexity of Joker and felt his origin would be worth exploring on film, since nobodys done that and even in the canon he has no formalized beginning. So, Scott Silver and I wrote a version of a complex and complicated character, and how he might evolve...and then devolve. That is what interested menot a Joker story, but the story of becoming Joker.
The film features just enough Gotham landmarks, deftly woven into its grimy landscape, to situate the audience and allow star Joaquin Phoenixs hypnotically raw performance to evoke the requisite emotions to take this journey with Arthur through the citysand eventually his owndarker side. One of the themes we wanted to explore with the movie is empathy and, more importantly, the lack of empathy that is present in so much of Arthurs world, Phillips states.
For example, he continues, in the movie you see the difference in the way little kids and adults react to Arthur, because kids see the world through no lens; they dont see rich versus poor or understand a marginalized individual the way adults do. They just see Arthur as a guy whos trying to make them smile. Its not inherent, we have to learn how to be unaccepting of others and, unfortunately, we usually do. Silver says, He starts out just wanting to make people laugh, trying to put a smile on their faces. Thats why hes a clown, why he dreams of becoming a stand-up comic. He just wants to bring some joy into the world. But then the toxic environment of Gotham breaks him downthe lack of compassion and empathy, the loss of civility Thats what creates our Joker.
The Arthur that Phillips and Silver created is caught in a cyclical existence of misread cues. Even Arthurs uncontrollable, inappropriate laughter, which gains momentum as he attempts to contain it, garners no sympathy from those he encounters in his daily life, exposing him to further ridicule and alienation from Gotham society. Nowadays, what he has is a recognized syndrome, but in the time our story is set, it was not really diagnosed, though it was a real condition, the filmmaker explains.
Phoenix concedes that, even during filming, There were times when I found myself feeling for him, even feeling like I understood his motivation, and in the next moment I would be repulsed by the decisions he made. Playing this character was challenging for me as an actor, and I knew he would also challenge the audience and their preconceived ideas about the Joker, because in his fictional world, like in our real world, there are no easy answers. We often talk about the tip of the iceberg, but we rarely speak about whats underneathabout what gets you there, Phillips asserts. Arthur is the guy you see on the street who you walk right past or over. With this movie were hoping to get a peek at whats below the surface. It was those subjects, along with the filmmakers passion for his medium, that evoked the notion of not just any Joker movie, but this Joker movie. I was inspired by the character studies that I watched when I was younger. The look, the vibe, the tone of those films made sense for this story. To Phillips, that meant the 1970s and `80s, the era of such great films as Serpico, Taxi Driver and Network. He says, We included a few elements from the canon and set it in a broken-down Gotham City around 1981, because that harkens back to that era and would remove it from the comic book world were so familiar with in film today.
Phillips not only cast Phoenix but wrote the part with him in mind. Joaquins previous work always stuck with me, but what I really like about him is his style and his unpredictability, which we felt would very much fit into this character, Phillips offers. While other people are doing math, Joaquin is playing jazz. Hes just one of the greatest, hes fearless; his work is brave and vulnerable, and I thought if we could get him, we could really do something special. Though hed resisted any sort of genre-inspired projects in the past, the actor was intrigued when he read the script. I thought it was bold and complex and like nothing Id ever read before. Todd has a unique way of looking at things that is really perfect, I think, for this movie, Phoenix observes. When I work with a director, I want somebody who has a singular take on the material, and nobody could have made this movie but Todd.
Arthurs tale is at once rich and spare in details, alternately focused and skewed. Crafted with Silver over the course of, as Phillips recalls, a year in a little office in New York, they began by determining a path to which such an ordinary man could become such an evil and notorious character. In the version of the story we were telling, having a guy fall into a vat of acid didnt work, while I think its interesting, so we tried running everything through a real world lens, he says. To make sense in the world of our movie, we thought, Well, why would he put this make-up on when he eventually becomes Joker? Where did he get this make-up and why does he have it? What if hes a clown? Then, of course, we had to ask ourselves why hed work as a clown, he continues, which we determined was because his mother always told him he had to bring laughter and joy to the world. It all came together from there.
In addition to the visual expectations that come with the character, theres a distinct personality trait common across nearly 80 years of the comics and in every moving picture iteration, one which Phillips and Silver wanted to utilize in their storytelling: the classic unreliable narrator who can never fully be believed. You have an intense amount of freedom with an unreliable narrator, and even more so when hes Joker, the director says of the famously deceptive reprobate, whose penchant for blending fact and fiction informs every frame of the film. He even says in the comic book Batman: The Killing Joke, If Im going to have a past, I prefer it to be multiple choice. So, what really happened, and what you think he is by the end, just depends on the lens through which you watch the movie. You wont walk away having all the answers and thats what I think is intriguing about a character like this. To accomplish all that he intended with Joker, Phillips and producing partner Bradley Cooper opted to conduct principal photography primarily in practical locations in and around the city that inspired Gotham itself: Phillips native New York City as well as neighboring New Jersey. To that end, they enlisted producer Emma Tillinger Koskoff, an expert on filming in the region with connections to the citys strongest below-the-line talent. Emma is one of the great New York producers and we were lucky to get her, Phillips states.
In addition to handily pulling together and managing all aspects of the physical production, Tillinger Koskoff says, Todd had a unique and inspired vision of how he wanted the film to look and feel. My role was to help facilitate that vision and create a supportive atmosphere for him, so that he could focus on the actors and concentrate on what was happening in any given scene. Todd and I were fortunate to work with a fantastic crewNew Yorks very best. There was a level of trust and respect on our set that allowed him to work quickly and creatively. It was a privilege to watch Todd and Joaquin collaborate on this breathtaking film.
Phillips creative team also included director of photography Lawrence Sher, this being their sixth film together; veteran production designer Mark Friedberg; costume designer Mark Bridges, who has worked several times with Phoenix; editor Jeff Groth, a regular collaborator; and composer Hildur Guðnadóttir, who began sending pieces of score to Phillips based on script pages alone, before a frame of the film was even shot.
Its always incredible to be making a movie when you have such brilliant creative partners, Phillips says, and we really had the best there is on this film. Those words could easily be used to describe his onscreen talent as well, beginning with what might literally qualify as dream casting for any filmmaker: Robert De Niro. The legendary actor appears as late-night TV host Murray Franklin, the closest thing Arthur has to a hero and, though a stranger, someone he views as a kindred spirit in comedy. As many aspiring comics would know, being called over to the couch after your set on a show like Murrays is more than a game changer, its life-altering, and Arthurs greatest wish...
She told me I had a purpose: to bring laughter and joy to the world.
Arthur Fleck
Cast & Characters
In an early scene in Joker, Arthur is meeting with a social worker, who asks him if it helps to have someone to talk to. Regardless of what his answer may be, its clear from the expression on Arthurs face that she is not that someone. But its equally unclear whoif anyoneis. Arthur is always struggling with what it is he wants to say and how he wants to say it, says Phoenix. His instincts just dont fit with the accepted standard of conversation or interaction or anything, really.
Why he is the way he is will not always remain a mystery to Arthur, Phillips allows, but when we first meet him, he says, Arthur is this guy whos very much like, Im going to be the person you want me to be. Im going to be proper, Im going to take the bus and sit here quietly and not interact, and so forth. But, like a dog thats been kicked repeatedly by its owner, sooner or later this time will be the last time. Theres always an inner part of him that has to try to be true to himself, to who he is becoming, and over the course of the story we see it coming out, little by little.
The truth of Arthur is complex. He attempts to do stand-up, his dream vocation and one for which he prepares by watching other comics, hoping to catch their tone and timing and adopt it for his own. Hoping that he, like they, will captivate an audience with witty observations and find an even larger form of acceptance in their applause. Unfortunately, how he sees the world and, frankly, what he thinks is funny dont really work, Phoenix describes. He doesnt understand their kind of humor and he isnt able to mimic it, either.
Servicing the self-fulfilling prophecy of his mothers Happy appellation for him and long before Arthur musters the courage to try his hand on the comedy club stage, we find him at his day job as a clown-for-hire via a service called Ha-Has. The job takes him to various parts of the city, but no matter where he goes, the walk home inevitably entails a haul up a lengthy flight of outdoor stairs.
Steps, both physical and metaphorical, factor into Arthurs world with regularity, from the ones he climbs to the steps he takes to apply his Happy make-up. Both are just indicators of the many more steps he will take as he metamorphoses into his true self over the course of the film.
Much of that character building came about through Phoenixs preparations for the role, taking a cerebral preparation and turning it corporal. In the film, on the advice of his social worker, Arthur keeps a journal, which also contains his drawings, prose and imaginings. Throughout pre-production, Phoenix himself made several entries. The actor states, I was writing in Arthurs journal when Todd sent me a note about the set of steps in the story. That inspired me to write step after step after step, over and over and line by line across the pages, and then it became something wed text to each other.
In the beginning of the film, we see the wilted way Arthur carries himself as he ascends the stairs, building on another idea Phillips implanted in Phoenix, that Arthur walks with heavy shoes, carrying the weight of the world with him. When he later descends them, however, we see not only a very different Arthur, but a wholly different carriage. No matter the preparation, Phillips observes, All the preparation disappears into the performance. Joaquin is so methodical about it that theres not one moment where you see him switch from Arthur to Joker, its all done with a very measured pace. Another part of the actors dedication to Arthurs presentation was to drop 52 pounds, by consuming little more than an apple a day. Phillips confesses it was his idea, stating, I wanted the character to look hungry and unhealthy, like a malnourished wolf.
Phoenix and Phillips developed a close relationship during filming as they worked to discover and define the finer points of Arthurs dual nature. With careful consideration over the course of the story and a traditionally unreliable narrator like Joker setting the scene to emerge from within the chrysalis of this socially awkward and increasingly desperate man, they left the very truth of Arthur Flecks story open to interpretation, like Arthurs own experience. There were times when I thought Arthur would enjoy altering his story because of the effect it would have on how someone might feel about him, and there were other times where I thought hed alter it because its what he really believes, the actor offers. Usually with characters that is frustrating, not understanding their motives; but with this character it became liberating, realizing it could go in any direction. Working with Todd on a scene, if we didnt find a surprising way of exploring it in the moment, we felt like we werent doing it right.
Those discussions continued throughout production and long after each days filming wrapped. After we finished shooting, we would call or text for hours and talk about the next days scenes, and on weekends we would meet and go over scenes we were shooting that week, Phoenix remembers. I felt like we were so unified throughout the process; if one of us ever got to the point where we werent feeling inspired, we trusted the other one to inspire them, and that was really satisfying.
Arthur lives with his frail mother, Penny Fleck, and devotes himself to caring for her. Penny resides in their tiny apartment, but in truth she lives in her own world, despite his company. Her focus is split between the TV and all that is wrong with Gotham, writing letters to Thomas Wayne. Having worked for him 30 years ago, shes certain the wealthy businessman considering a run for mayor would help her out if he only knew of her current circumstances. Veteran actress Frances Conroy, who plays the rather delicate woman, admired the dedicated Phoenix, noting, He is quiet, he is at one with his role and with the other actor in the scene. Its almost as if, she adds, I know Arthur, not Joaquin. He is the character only, he leaves himself behind and lives only in the reality of the scene.
Joker in Berlin. Picture by Gerhard Witte
Raised almost solely by his narcissistic mother, Arthur both struggles to be seen and is painfully aware that hes invisible to most, even to his mother, who still calls him Happy though he probably never has been. Arthur longs to relate to someone, anyone, and for acknowledgement, recognition that leads to validation. He and Penny watch Live with Murray Franklin together nightly, and he dreams of earning a spot on the program. A nod from the man himself is all a comic needs to make it in Gotham. But a seasoned pro like Murray will go for the laugh every time...at anyones expense.
Robert De Niro plays the role of Franklin, an amalgam of real-life past hosts from Joe Franklin to Johnny Carson. Phoenix recalls their first day together on the set, during which he and De Niro had a lengthy scene to film. You have this fantasy that youre going to ask him all these questions because, of course, hes Robert De Niro. Youre so excited when that opportunity comes your way, but then you realize you have a nine-page scene and theres no time and no chance youre going to be able to ask him all the things you want to.
Phillips took a very different approach when first meeting the icon. I had gone to his office before we shot and I said to him very clearly, Listen. Ive got to spend ten minutes just talking about all these questions I have for you, and then I swear I will be a professional. And we ended up going for at least 20 minutes, and it was great.
In his quest for an emotional connection, Arthur also dreams of his neighbor Sophie Dumond. He has a crush on her, but its the kind of puppy love that has him watching for a glimpse of her.
Zazie Beetz, who plays the single mom of a five-year-old girl, says, Sophie and her daughter live down the hall from the Flecks, and she encounters Arthur in the elevator, places like that, as you would. Shes raising her child on her own and probably has a tough time. She can see, though, that he has difficulty interacting with people and seems somewhat insecure, so she tolerates him and is nice, and she smiles at Arthur like you do with any neighbor. Beetz thoroughly enjoyed working with Phoenix, stating, Ive been a really huge fan of Joaquins work for a long time and I think hes one of the best actors of this generation. With equal praise for Phillips, she adds, Id never really had an experience like this one before. It was so incredibly collaborative. Brett Cullen also stars as mayoral candidate Thomas Wayne, a lone father figure Arthur attempts to connect with only to be rejected at every turn. And Douglas Hodge is Alfred Pennyworth, Waynes hired man who protects the manor interests great and small from the likes of someone like Arthur. Rounding out the impressive cast are Shea Whigam and Bill Camp as GCPD detectives Burke and Garrity; Glenn Fleshler as Randall and Leigh Gill as Gary, Arthurs fellow clowns at Ha-Has, where Josh Pais plays his boss, Hoyt Vaughn; Brian Tyree Henry as Arkham Clerk Carl; and Marc Maron as The Murray Franklin Show producer, Gene Ufland. Real-life comics Gary Gulman and Sam Morril appear as stand-ups in scenes at a comedy club.
Is it just me, or is it getting crazier out there?
Arthur Fleck
Production Design / Locations / Camera
In order to enhance Arthurs internal struggles with his own sense of realism, Phillips sought to counter it by grounding the film itself in as authentic an aesthetic as possible. As a filmmaker, there are a lot of tools you have to paint with, and locations and set design are big ones in this film. His environment represents quite a lot in Arthurs life, so we wanted to use that to the fullest effect. He worked closely with production designer Mark Friedberg who, like Phillips, grew up in New York City and was very familiar with the palette the director sought. Mark combed through old photos of New York to find the right level of graffiti, the right amount of trash and the picture cars that wed want. His attention to detail was amazing, he remarks.
What I found poignant about the Gotham Todd and Scott created is that its a world I understand, a world thats hard, a world thats hard on the people for whom life is hardest, Friedberg says. The dysfunction, the disconnection from the powers that be thats the New York City of my youth. It was dirty, every city agency was on strike at some point and the ones that werent were corrupt. Thats what I thought made this such a striking piece when I first read it and thats where our conversation started about this world of Jokera Gotham that is not New York but is its own dark, gritty, tough urban city with roots in our collective past. Phillips and his creative team talked extensively about what Gotham City meant to them, whether from the lore in the comics or other visual interpretations. To aid in their discussions and later in the physical production in terms of where Arthurs daily travels took him and how he got there, Friedberg actually drew up a Gotham City transit map much like those posted in New York City subway terminals and, in fact, the designers map appeared in just such a manner during filming.
Though they steered clear of incorporating too many elements from the canon, those that they did include were altered slightly to reflect the city they were devising. Everything is a riff on something, Friedberg smiles. Phillips elaborates, Arkham Asylum in our movie is called Arkham State Hospital, because that seemed to us what they would really call it. Harlems Metropolitan Hospital stood in for Arkhams interiors and for scenes inside a childrens hospital ward, while the exteriors were shot in Sunset Park, Brooklyn, at the Brooklyn Army Terminal, a 100-year-old example of industrial style architecture. Identifying all the practical locations required for a film featuring a 1970s/80s Gotham City was a challenge, Friedberg says, because the physical world we were trying to depict is not that available as weve slowly been turning our cities into glass skyscrapers and malls. To find the version of the city we needed, we actually ended up going to Newarkwhere we built Gotham Squareand Jersey City, New Jersey, and to the boroughs. To help dress Gotham Square in Newark, a young local artist, Malcolm A. Rolling, was hired to paint murals on the sides of buildings along the streets where filmmakers were shooting exteriors. The murals reflected the themes represented in the film, and some were nearly a city block long. The production also shot sequences in Brooklyn at the fabled Kings Theater. The movie palace originally opened in 1929 but had been recently renovated, and in the film stands in for Wayne Hall. The Highbridge and Kingsbridge working-class districts of the Bronx served as the neighborhood where Arthur lives in a tenement with his mother, Penny, and the neighbor he admires, Sophie.
A nearby Bronx locale that recurs several times in the film is a long set of steps where we find Arthur making the climb home again and again, symbolic of the drudgery hes returning home to. Todds idea was to set Arthur in the hilly South Bronx, one where hes trudging up public stairways and through alleys, in non-grid-like streets, which confuses his world in a way that really works for this story, Friedberg states. People dont think of hills when they think of New York, they think flat, so that gave us an unexpected topography and a specific visual style. That visual style was defined in concert with director of photography Lawrence Sher. Larry is probably my most trusted creative partner, weve traveled the world together shooting movies, the director says. Sher relates, Todd has skills that are really unique in a lot of ways. He cares about the writing, the performances, the visuals and the editing immeasurably, and is able to blend all four of those elements together seamlessly in a way that hes not putting emphasis on one over the other. A lot of times youll shoot a lot of coverage and wide shots and, in every movie that weve done together, he always allows the performance to shine first and foremost, but also weaves in the coverage in a way that always gives the movie scope, allowing it to be really cinematic. Todd and I challenge each other every single day and its a really satisfying experience working with him. Its the right kind of push and pull, the kind of pressure that creates diamonds. We never want to feel like we left something on the table after a day of shooting.
That close working relationship has naturally created the kind of shorthand between them that a true partnership provides. Because this is our sixth movie together, the discussions we have are much more about ideas within individual scenes, which then build and create the bigger picture, says Sher. On this film, at one point I remember Todd talking to me about the idea of the shadow self, the shadow representing the other side of ourselves, and the transformation of Arthur into Joker. Those two termstransformation and shadowreally informed me and gave me an early idea of what themes he was going to explore over the course of the movie, so I could determine how to best express that visually through the imagery. Much of our approach, he continues, was to figure out how you take what is basically a character study and tell it visually in a way that doesnt have to depend on dialogue. A way that you could even watch the movie silently and get the same emotional impact, because Joaquins performance is so measured, and he says so much without saying a word.
Sher says that the choice to use the 65 Alexa was key in that regard. A large format camera like that gives you a lot of separation through the shallow depth of field. That allowed us to isolate Arthur in his world, making him the sole character within it and enhancing the idea that hes an outcast, and sometimes sees himself as not even existing. The camera helped us tell that side of his story, whether in the intimacy of his apartment or in larger scenes, because we could separate him out from his background.
Many of those larger scenes take place outside. Sher offers, Todd, Mark and I all grew up in and around Manhattan and were there in the time this movie takes place, so we remember it vividly and were able to draw on that every day. But where do you go in this city that they havent come in and put up high rises? From frame one, we wanted people to be instantly transported to our version of Gotham circa 1981, and never think, Oh, hes in Newark. Mark found locations that were nearly untouched and still represented an earlier era. He of course added a lot of trash and changed signage and so on, to give it a sense of place and time thats not just period, but also tonal. A much grimier, trash-infested city of Gotham at a breaking point.
From wide shots of Gotham Square to a guy sitting in his seat on a bus or walking along Jerome Avenue under the elevated tracks to the tininess of his apartment, Larry was really interested in contrasting this small person in a big world, and then this small world with that person in it, Friedberg notes. For me, that meant going from general compositions to specific textures, from an anonymous little flea moving about the big streets of our city to the minute detail of a burning cigarette. For example, if you walk into old tenement buildings in the Bronx, you will see extreme texture, you will smell extreme texture, and photographically thats beautiful to me. Todd was open to me pushing that extreme contrast with texture in a way that makes it feel very real.
One such example is a public restroom Arthur flees to at a pivotal moment in the story, which turned out to be a pivotal moment for Sher and his A camera /Steadicam operator Geoff Haley as well. Sher explains, Philosophically as a DP, and paramount to Todd in the way we photograph movies, is that we light the environment and let the actors exist within the whole of that environment, which allows them full freedom of motion. In this movie more than ever before, my team would walk into a scene and not know anything of what Joaquin was going to do. Todd and Joaquin had discussed it, but my operator and I would set it up in a way that would just let him do whatever he wanted, just let it happen. That started with the bathroom sceneand Todd and I love grimy bathrooms, youll find bathroom and elevator scenes in all six films weve done together. We set the mixed lights, uncorrected fluorescents, had no rehearsal for camera, and when we rolled, we just stayed with Joaquin.
Joaquin is extremely present and immensely connected in the moment, he continues, so, as the DP or the operator, you want to raise yourself to that level of being present and seeing where it goes. My operator and I were each on a camera and we let things unfold, dancing around JP as he discovered the scene in real time. That approach then became something we did in a lot of scenes, like the one in his apartment when Arthur climbs into the refrigerator. That was completely unplanned and of the moment. It was a thrilling experience to do a movie that wayprecision, in terms of shots we knew we wanted to get, and complete improvisation in terms of performance.
Adhering to their rule of authenticity, Friedberg and Sher worked together to build and light another key set in the film, the Live with Murray Franklin show. Marks designs and everything we used to light the set were authentic to the time, none of the modern technology of lights was used, Sher states. Im a cinema snob and Ive spent my life trying to avoid doing television, but Ive ended up several times designing television shows that exist in the movies Im making, Friedberg laughs. One of the more significant sets in this movie is for the Murray Franklin show. We didnt copy Carson, per se, but we went in with that recipe: a desk, a chair, another chair and a couch, a guy who announces and sits down, seats for a live audience, a band all those things and a control room, and dressing rooms, too. What was interesting for us was to build this old style set that turned out to be the first set ever on a brand-new stage at Steiner Studios.
Friedbergs team sourced authentic period television cameras for those scenes as well, from the Museum of Broadcast Technology in Rhode Island. Old-fashioned functional monitors were installed onto the cameras so that there were images on the lenses as they simulated filming. Period subway cars circa 1970-80 were also used during production, obtained from the New York City Transit Museum and operated by certified Metropolitan Transit Authority (MTA) personnel. Filming took place on lines in Brooklyn and the Bronx, deep inside tunnels, on elevated tracks and on platforms, many of which were open to the public, so the actors were performing as real riders disembarked and boarded the cars. Scenes where we find Arthur first in the audience, and then performing his first stand-up gig, were shot at the famed comedy club Dangerfields on Manhattans Upper East Side. Named for renowned comic Rodney Dangerfield, it opened in 1969 and is the oldest functioning venue of its kind in the city.
~ Becoming Joker ~
Costume Design
To create Arthursand, via stages, Jokerslook, Phillips sought out costume designer Mark Bridges, who had designed for Phoenix in both The Master and Inherent Vice. Bridges notes, Those films are also set in periods of transition, one in the 1950s and the other in the 1970s. As in the former, Phoenixs physique became quite slim by the time filming began. I honestly dont know how he does it, Bridges posits of Phoenixs discipline, but we started fittings six months before filming, so it became part of my collaboration with him, toonot just tailoring things to fit, but are we hiding his physique in this scene, are we playing it up in that one?
Phillips had never worked with Bridges before, but greatly admired his designs. Mark is incredible, the director comments. Just going to Robert De Niros suit fittings with him was an experience. And because he had worked with Joaquin a few times before, they already had a great rapport. Bridges was flattered when Phillips reached out. Todd sent a lovely note that said that he had this project coming up and would I consider working on it. Certainly to get a note like that from someone of Todds caliber And of course working with an old friend like Joaquin is truly a joy for me. We have a wonderful back and forth and I trust him. We talk and hes quite open to my suggestions as to how best represent on the outside this person hes working on on the inside. So, all the pieces fell into place based on Todds personal request.
For the period in which Joker takes place, Bridges observes, If youre true to, say, 1981, there was a certain range of colors and color combinations available in stores. We used a lot of blue, brown, maroon, mauve, gray, navy, khaki We moved away from the burnt oranges and greens of the `70s, though I still threw in a few for the storys sake. But just by adhering to that palette, it automatically feels like some other time because its not what theyre selling in the stores right now.
Insofar as Arthurs fashion sense goes, Bridges says, Hes very much a John Q. Public, so to speak; not much style that isnt very practical. He dresses for comfort and has had his clothes for a while, and theres a vague childlike aspect to it as well as an old man look to it. With Joaquin, I dont ever want to give too much away with the choices I make because his performance is so strong.
In the opening frames of the film, however, we see Arthur at work, which involves an actual costume that would be of Arthurs own design: party clown. Knowing that some of the characters movements in the film were inspired by some of Charlie Chaplins moves, I worked a little bit with that silhouette, as well as the knowledge that it would be something Arthurs put together in a very makeshift way. Bridges does acknowledge, however, One personal conceit of mine is the little derby he wears, because Ive always loved that on clowns.
And, of course, Arthur wears the traditional big clown shoes as well, in which Phoenix was required to run several timesno easy feat. When it came down to the actual Joker costume for the film, Bridges happily reports that its design was, in part, written into the script as a rust suit Arthur has had for many years. Still, he confesses, You have a million thoughts running through your mind and theres a little bit of external pressure to serve the fans as well as the piece. But ultimately my work comes down to telling this particular story, where the outfit has to be something very organic to the character: pieces weve seen Arthur wear before, now reassembled to become what Joker wears.
Working backwards, Bridges was able to determine when and how much of the building blocks to the final look would appear throughout the story. I started from the beginning and then took it on a journeythis piece in the comedy club, how it gets recombined with different items at different beatsto get to the final result. When Joaquin and I had our final fitting for the full suit, it was all put together with the right shirt, the right waistcoat It was dead-on `70s with a slightly longer line in the jacket, and he took on a strange, slinky confidence that he doesnt have as Arthur, but which was just right for Joker. To me, that was really satisfying.
Phoenix adds, As Joker, he walks tall. Hes confident. Prior to that its like he was a shell of himself. Throughout the film, Arthur dons a clown face of varying degrees for various performances. His ultimate Joker look was designed by Phillips and Phoenix as an exaggerated version of Arthurs regular maquillage and executed to perfection by make-up department head Nicki Lederman and her team, utilizing the basic red and green of Arthurs clown character. Lederman herself created a unique shade for Arthurs tears from various pigments she had on hand, dubbing it antique blue.
I used to think that my life was a tragedy, but now I realize its a comedy.
Joker
To interpret the many themes explored throughout the film, Phillips very early on turned to composer Hildur Guðnadóttir. Hildur was writing music as far back as pre-production, Phillips recalls. I was sending her script pages and she was writing music before we even shot, and what she did for the film is so unique.
Guðnadóttir says, Todd asked me to write some music based on my feelings from reading the script, which I was inspired to do because it truly resonated with me. She sent him a sample and recalls, He thought that I had really captured the atmosphere of the movie. What struck the composer the most, she says, was Arthur, this character with a kind of multi-dimensional simplicity, so openhearted and childlike, who is just trying so hard to fit in. But his circumstances and how people react to him dont really allow for that to happen. Musically, that translated to melodies that are very simple and monotonic, because thats kind of the way he is seeing things. Then I tried to expand within that simplicity the orchestration around it not with chords or any complicated music, but with texture that I felt resonated with the melancholia of his character. Her composition features the cello as the centerpiece of the score, leading the very string-based melodies. Guðnadóttir reveals, There is often a whole symphony orchestra of 90 musicians playing the same thing, but its hidden behind the cello. I felt that went well with the character, he is seen in this certain way and there are many layers of complication behind him, but he doesnt see it. I thought orchestrating it that way, so that instruments are not always audible, you will think youre just listening to one cello but, like Arthur, there are layers behind it.
Guðnadóttir began work so early that Phillips was able to introduce it during production and brought a piece to Phoenix just a few weeks into filming as a means of inspiring his work in a pivotal scene, one in which the audience will see the first hint of things to come. Joaquin and I were on the set and at a standstill, the director relates. We hadnt really figured out the scene, but then I remembered Id just gotten this great piece of music from Hildur that Id been listening to the night before. I played it for him, he loved it, and he just started doing this slow dance to it, and out of nowhere this gracefulness comes out of Arthur, the emergence of his shadow. We started filming him, and that became the beginning of his transformation. Phoenix attests, Todd started playing this cello music, and it was really effective. I said, So, maybe theres a movement, and he said, Well, I would start on your footthats your move. Thats all he said and all we had. The preparation was in studying movement and dance during rehearsals, but what came out of that piece of score was a turning point for the character, and for me and Todd working together and understanding Arthur.
About the Cast
JOAQUIN PHOENIX (Arthur Fleck) is a three-time Academy Award-nominated actor who earned his first Oscar nod in 2000, for Best Supporting Actor opposite Russell Crowe in Ridley Scotts Oscar-winning Best Picture, Gladiator. In addition to nominations for the Oscar, the Golden Globe and the British Academy (BAFTA) Award for that performance, Phoenix received awards as Best Supporting Actor from the National Board of Review and The Broadcast Films Critics Association.
Phoenix received his second Oscar nomination, for Best Actor, in 2006 for his mesmerizing performance as legendary singer-songwriter Johnny Cash, opposite Oscar-winning actress Reese Witherspoon in James Mangolds riveting biopic Walk the Line. For his performance, he also won the Golden Globe as Best Actor in a Motion Picture Comedy or Musical, as well as nominations for BAFTA, SAG, BFCA and Chicago Film Critics awards. He received his third Oscar nod, for Best Actor, for his work in the Paul Thomas Anderson 2012 film The Master, opposite the late Philip Seymour Hoffman. Phoenix also earned the Volpi Cup at the Venice Film Festival and was nominated for a Golden Globe and a BAFTA. In 2014, he starred in the award-winning Spike Jonze film Her, opposite Scarlett Johansson, and in 2015, he reteamed with director Paul Thomas Anderson for Inherent Vice, starring opposite Josh Brolin, Benicio Del Toro, Owen Wilson, Katherine Waterston and Eric Roberts. That same year he also starred in Woody Allens Irrational Man, opposite Emma Stone.
More recently, Phoenix was awarded Best Actor at the 2017 Cannes Film Festival for his role in the critically acclaimed, Lynne Ramsay-directed feature You Were Never Really Here, and starred in Van Sants Dont Worry, He Wont Get Far on Foot, both for Amazon. And last year he starred with John C. Reilly in The Sisters Brothers, directed by Jacques Audiard, and co-starred opposite Rooney Mara in Mary Magdalene for director Garth Davis. Phoenix was born in Puerto Rico and began his acting career at the age of eight. During that time, he made numerous episodic television appearances and was a regular on a 1986 CBS series when he made his first feature film appearance, in Spacecamp. The following year, he starred in Russkies with sister Summer and Carole King. Two years later, director Ron Howard cast the teenager as Dianne Wiests son in his popular family comedy Parenthood. In 1996 the young actor turned in a stunning and critically acclaimed performance opposite Nicole Kidman in Gus Van Sants To Die For. He next co-starred with Liv Tyler, Billy Crudup and Jennifer Connelly in Inventing the Abbotts in 1997. That same year, he co-starred opposite Claire Danes, Sean Penn and Jennifer Lopez in Oliver Stones U-Turn.
In 1998, Phoenix co-starred opposite Vince Vaughn in Return to Paradise and Clay Pigeons, then won acclaim opposite Nicolas Cage search in Joel Schumachers dark thriller 8mm. In 2000, he starred in Philip Kaufmans Oscar-nominated Quills, opposite Kate Winslet and Geoffrey Rush, a film based on Douglas McGraths play about the Marquis de Sade, for which Phoenix won the Broadcast Film Critics Award as Best Supporting Actor. Also that year, he starred opposite Mark Wahlberg, James Caan, Faye Dunaway, Ellen Burstyn and Charlize Theron in James Grays The Yards. He has worked with Gray three more times, on 2007s We Own the Night, 2008s Two Lovers, and 2013s The Immigrant. In the early-to-mid 2000s, he starred opposite Mel Gibson in M. Night Shyamalans film Signs, and reteamed with Shyamalan two years later on the gothic thriller The Village. He also provided the voice in the animated film Brother Bear, and appeared in Thomas Vinterbergs Its All About Love; Buffalo Soldiers; Ladder 49; Reservation Road; and Hotel Rwanda.
On October 27, 2008, Phoenix announced his retirement from film in order to focus on his rap music, but the announcement turned out to be part of his acting role in the mockumentary Im Still Here, directed by Casey Affleck. The film debuted at the Venice Film Festival and the Toronto International Film Festival in 2010. When he returned to acting in 2011, it was to star in The Master.
A social activist, Phoenix has lent his support to a number of charities and humanitarian organizations, notably the River Phoenix Center for Peacebuilding, PETA, Amnesty International, The Art of Elysium, and is on the board of directors for The Lunchbox Fund. He narrated the film Earthlings for Nation Earth, a video about the investigation of animal abuse in factory farms, pet mills, in industry and research. Phoenix has also directed music videos for Ringside, She Wants Revenge, People in Planes, Arckid, Albert Hammond Jr. and the Silversun Pickups.
ROBERT DE NIRO (Murray Franklin) launched his prolific motion picture career in Brian De Palmas The Wedding Party in 1969. By 1974, he had won the New York Film Critics Award for Best Supporting Actor in recognition of his critically acclaimed performance in Bang the Drum Slowly and the National Society of Film Critics Award for Martin Scorseses Mean Streets. In 1975, De Niro won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his portrayal of the young Vito Corleone in The Godfather: Part II.
In 1981, he won his second Oscar, as Best Actor for his extraordinary portrayal of Jake La Motta in Scorseses Raging Bull. De Niro has earned Academy Award nominations for his work in five additional films: as Travis Bickle in Scorseses acclaimed Taxi Driver; as a Vietnam vet in Michael Ciminos The Deer Hunter; as a catatonic patient brought to life in Penny Marshalls Awakenings; in 1992 as Max Cady, an ex-con looking for revenge in Scorseses remake of the 1962 classic Cape Fear; and as a father to a bi-polar son in David O. Russells Silver Linings Playbook. In 2009, De Niro received the coveted Kennedy Center Honor for his distinguished acting career. He also received the Hollywood Actor Award from the Hollywood Film Festival, which he won again in 2012, and the Stanley Kubrick Award from the BAFTA Britannia Awards. In addition, AARP The Magazine gave De Niro the 2010 Movies for Grownups Lifetime Achievement Award. De Niro was honored with the Cecil B. DeMille Award at the 2011 Golden Globe Awards. He also served as the jury president of the 64th Cannes Film Festival.
He was most recently seen in HBOs Wizard of Lies, starring as Bernie Madoff, for which he received an Emmy Award nomination for Lead Actor in a Limited Series or Movie. An upcoming film will be The War with Grandpa, and 2019 will see the release of The Irishman, in which De Niro and Scorsese work together for the first time in 22 years. Al Pacino co-stars in this drama, an epic saga of organized crime in post war America. De Niro also recently starred in The Comedian, Hands of Stone, Joy, Dirty Grandpa, The Intern, Grudge Match, David O. Russells American Hustle, Last Vegas, and The Family. His other recent film credits include The Killing Season, The Big Wedding, Being Flynn, Freelancers, Red Lights, New Years Eve, Limitless, Little Fockersthe third installment of the highly successful Meet the Parents franchiseFilmauros Italian romantic comedy Manuale damore 3, the psychological thriller Stone, and Machete.
His distinguished body of work also includes performances in Elia Kazans The Last Tycoon; Bernardo Bertoluccis 1900; Ulu Grosbards True Confessions and Falling in Love; Sergio Leones Once Upon a Time in America; Scorseses King of Comedy, New York, New York, Goodfellas, and Casino; Terry Gilliams Brazil; Roland Joffes The Mission; Brian De Palmas The Untouchables; Alan Parkers Angel Heart; Martin Brests Midnight Run; David Joness Jacknife; Martin Ritts Stanley and Iris; Neil Jordans Were No Angels; Penny Marshalls Awakenings; Ron Howards Backdraft; Michael Caton-Joness This Boys Life; John McNaughtons Mad Dog and Glory; Kenneth Branaghs Mary Shelleys Frankenstein; Michael Manns Heat; Barry Levinsons Sleepers and Wag the Dog; Jerry Zaks Marvins Room; Tony Scotts The Fan; James Mangolds Copland; Alfonso Cuaróns Great Expectations; Quentin Tarantinos Jackie Brown; John Frankenheimers Ronin; Harold Ramiss Analyze This and Analyze That; Joel Schumachers Flawless; Des McNuffs The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle; George Tillmans Men of Honor; John Herzfelds Fifteen Minutes; Frank Ozs The Score; Tom Deys Showtime; Michael Caton-Joness City By the Sea; Nick Hamms Godsend; John Polsons Hide and Seek; Mary McGuckians The Bridge of San Luis Rey; Shark Tale; Jay Roachs Meet The Parents and Meet the Fockers; Barry Levinsons What Just Happened; Jon Avnets Righteous Kill; and Kirk Joness Everybodys Fine.
De Niro takes pride in the development of his production company, Tribeca Productions, the Tribeca Film Center, which he founded with Jane Rosenthal in 1988, and in the Tribeca Film Festival, which he founded with Rosenthal and Craig Hatkoff in 2001 as a response to the attacks on the World Trade Center. The festival was conceived to foster the economic and cultural revitalization of Lower Manhattan through an annual celebration of film, music, and culture; the festivals mission is to promote New York City as a major filmmaking center and help filmmakers reach the broadest possible audiences. Through Tribeca Productions, De Niro develops projects on which he serves in a combination of capacities, including producer, director and actor. Tribecas A Bronx Tale in 1993 marked De Niros directorial debut. He later directed and co-starred in The Good Shepherd, with Matt Damon and Angelina Jolie. Other Tribeca features include Thunderheart, Cape Fear, Mistress, Night and the City, The Night We Never Met, Faithful, Panther, Marvins Room, Wag the Dog, Analyze This, Flawless, The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle, Meet the Parents, Fifteen Minutes, Showtime, Analyze That and Meet the Fockers.
In 1992, Tribeca TV was launched with the acclaimed series Tribeca. De Niro was one of the executive producers.
Tribeca Productions is headquartered at De Niros Tribeca Film Center in the TriBeCa district of New York.
ZAZIE BEETZ (Sophie Dumond) is a German-born, Emmy Award-nominated actress best known for her co-leading role as Donald Glovers on-and-off-again girlfriend Vanessa in FX Networks Golden Globe-winning series Atlanta, which has been picked up for a third season. She also has a recurring role as Noelle in Joe Swanbergs Easy, for Netflix. Recently, Beetz was named one of Varietys 10 Actors to Watch in 2018, for her performance as Domino in Deadpool 2, opposite Ryan Reynolds and Josh Brolin. In 2019, Beetz can be seen in Steven Soderberghs High Flying Bird, Babak Anvaris Wounds, opposite ArmieHammer and Dakota Johnson, as well as The Undiscovered Country, Seberg and Lucy in the Sky. Beetz is a native New Yorker.
FRANCES CONROY (Penny Fleck) attended classes at New York Citys Neighborhood Playhouse School of the Theatre as a teenager and went on to study at Juilliard, where she was taught by theater greats John Houseman and Marian Seldes. Following dramatic roles in such classical productions as Mother Courage...and Her Children, King Lear, All's Well That Ends Well, Measure for Measure and Othello (as Desdemona) in the late 1970s, she made her Broadway debut with The Lady from Dubuque in 1980. She went on to Broadway and off-Broadway success throughout the 1980s in such plays as Our Town, as Mrs. Gibbs; The Little Foxes, as Birdie; and In the Summer House. She also appeared with Seldes in Ring Round the Moon and A Bright Room Called Day. She won a Drama Desk Award for The Secret Rapture and an Obie Award for The Last Yankee. In 2000 she received the Outer Critics Circle Award and a Tony Award nomination for The Ride Down Mt. Morgan. She came out to California in 1985 at the invitation of director Houseman and appeared in more plays, notably Richard III at San Diego's Old Globe Theater. Conroy began a career on camera with parts in Woody Allens Manhattan, Another Woman and Crimes and Misdemeanors. She then went on to make an indelible impression with her series turn as the dowdy, emotionally frail undertakers widow in the cult hit Six Feet Under. During the five-season run on HBO, she won both Golden Globe and Screen Actors Guild awards and was nominated four times for an Emmy. She has subsequently been seen in a diverse slate of movies, including Die, Mommie, Die!, Catwoman, Martin Scorseses The Aviator, and Shopgirl alongside Steve Martin. More recently, Conroy has made memorable appearances on a variety of shows, including HBOs dark comedy Getting On, opposite Laurie Metcalf; Hulus cult hit comedy Casual, ABCs The Real ONeals, multiple seasons of Ryan Murphys Fox anthology series American Horror Story, Foxs Arrested Development and CBSs Young Sheldon. She most recently can be seen in Stephen Kings Castle Rock on Hulu, and the current season of American Horror Story.
About the Filmmakers
TODD PHILLIPS (Director/Co-Screenwriter/Producer) began his career as a documentary filmmaker while studying at NYU Film School. He began writing and directing features in 2000 with the cult classic comedy Road Trip. Phillips was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay for his work on Borat: Cultural Learnings of America for Make Benefit Glorious Nation of Kazakhstan in 2006. Phillips was a producer on the Oscar-nominated film A Star Is Born, featuring Bradley Cooper and Lady Gaga, which was released in October of last year. The film was nominated for eight Academy Awards and has grossed over $400 million worldwide. Phillips wrote, directed and produced the comedic drama War Dogs, which was released in 2016 starring Miles Teller and Jonah Hill, who was nominated for a Golden Globe award for his performance. In 2009, Phillips directed and produced the blockbuster comedy The Hangover, starring Cooper, Ed Helms and Zach Galifianakis, which won a Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture Comedy or Musical. He then wrote, directed and produced the sequels, The Hangover Part II in 2011, and The Hangover Part III in 2013. Collectively, the trilogy grossed over $1.4 billion globally.
In 2003, Phillips wrote, produced and directed the comedy box office hit Old School, starring Luke Wilson, Will Ferrell and Vince Vaughn. Phillips has written, directed and produced such comedic successes as Starsky & Hutch, Road Trip, and Due Date, starring Robert Downey Jr. and Galifianakis. He also served as producer on the outrageous dark teen comedy Project X. Earlier in his career, Phillips documentary filmmaking was inspired by humor taken from everyday reality and the belief that the truth is often stranger than fiction. In 1993, while still a student at NYU Film School, Phillips made Hated: GG Allin and the Murder Junkies, which portrays the revolting antics of extreme punk rocker GG Allin, and which became an instant underground sensation. It had a theatrical release in 1994 and went on to become the highest grossing student film of its time. Phillips followed that in 1998 with Frat House, a documentary that he produced and directed for HBOs America Undercover series. The film premiered at the 1998 Sundance Film Festival and won the Grand Jury Prize for documentary features. The unflinching exposé of life in fraternities created a public controversy that eventually caused the film to be shelved by HBO. In 1999, Phillips produced and directed his third documentary, Bittersweet Motel, which centered on musical cult phenomenon Phish.
Phillips currently resides in California.
BRADLEY COOPER (Producer) is a seven-time Oscar nominee who made his directorial debut with 2018s A Star Is Born. The film garnered a total of eight Oscar nods, including Best Picture and Best Actor, and won Best Original Song for Shallow, a duet Cooper performs with costar Lady Gaga in the movie. Cooper also received two nominations from the Directors Guild of America and was awarded both Director of the Year and Directors to Watch Awards from the Palm Springs International Film Festival. He was also nominated for Best Adapted Screenplay by the Writers Guild of America, alongside Eric Roth and Will Fetters. The critically acclaimed film also received numerous accolades from around the globe, including AFIs Movie of the Year, nine Critics Choice Awards and two wins, five Golden Globe Award nods and one win, seven BAFTA nods and a win, four Screen Actors Guild Awards, and many others. It was also hugely successful at the box office as well, earning more than $434 million worldwide.
In 2018, Cooper also appeared in Clint Eastwoods The Mule, and was heard lending his voice to the character Rocket Raccoon in the blockbuster Avengers: Infinity War. Five years ago, Cooper took on the iconic role of John Merrick in The Elephant Man at the Booth Theater on Broadway, opposite Patricia Clarkson and Alessandro Nivola. The critically acclaimed performance garnered him a Tony nomination for Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role, an Outer Critics Circle nomination for Outstanding Actor in a Play, a Drama League award for Outstanding Distinguished Performance and a Drama Desk nomination for Outstanding Actor in a Play. The Broadway production received five Tony nominations, including Best Revival of a play. Following the success of the play in New York, Cooper reprised the role of John Merrick in a six-week limited run of the play in London at the Theatre Royal Haymarket in the West End, directed by Scott Ellis, alongside the original Broadway cast. Cooper originally performed the role on the Nikos Stage at the Williamstown Theatre Festival in the summer of 2012, also directed by Ellis, also alongside Clarkson and Nivola.
In 2014, Cooper produced and starred in Clint Eastwood's critically acclaimed, Oscar-nominated film American Sniper, which became the top grossing film of 2014 distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. Coopers performance as celebrated navy seal Chris Kyle and his role as producer garnered him his third and fourth Oscar nominations and a Producers Guild Award nomination. The film was based on an adaptation of the autobiography of Navy SEAL Chris Kyle, American Sniper: The Autobiography of The Most Lethal Sniper in U.S. Military History. Cooper originally optioned the book under his production company, two years prior to making the film.
Also in 2014, Cooper was nominated for an Oscar for Best Supporting Actor for his portrayal as the unhinged FBI Agent Richie DiMaso in the David O. Russell drama American Hustle, starring opposite Christian Bale, Amy Adams and Jennifer Lawrence. American Hustle was nominated for 10 Academy Awards, including Best Picture. Cooper received nominations for a BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role, a Broadcast Film Critics Association Award, a Satellite Award and a Golden Globe nomination for Best Supporting Actor. The cast received the Screen Actors Guild (SAG) Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture.
That same year, Cooper lent his voice to the character Rocket Raccoon in the surprise smash action-adventure Guardians of the Galaxy, directed by James Gun. He voiced him again in the 2017 sequel, Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2, also directed by Gunn. In April 2013, Cooper starred opposite Ryan Gosling in the critically-acclaimed film The Place Beyond the Pines, directed by Derek Cianfrance. Cooper portrayed the character of Avery, a rookie cop navigating a department ruled by a corrupt detective. The film was recognized by the National Board of Review as one of their top 10 films of 2013.
Earlier that year, Cooper starred opposite Ed Helms and Zach Galifianakis in The Hangover Part III, the third installment of the comedy trilogy. Cooper also starred in the previous installments, all directed by Todd Phillips, which collectively grossed over $1.4 billion globally. The Hangover Part II smashed opening weekend records for an R-rated comedy, and The Hangover, which grossed $469.2 million worldwide, still ranks domestically as the highest grossing R-rated comedy ever.
In 2012, Cooper was nominated for an Oscar for Best Actor for his portrayal of Pat Solatano in the comedic drama Silver Linings Playbook. The film, directed by David O. Russell and starring Jennifer Lawrence and Robert De Niro, was nominated for eight Academy Awards, including Best Picture. Cooper was recognized by the National Board of Review for Best Actor and won the Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best Actor in a Comedy. Cooper also received a Golden Globe Award nomination for Best Performance by an Actor in a Motion Picture Comedy or Musical and a SAG Award nomination for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role, as well as nominations from the Independent Spirit Awards for Best Male Lead, and the BAFTA Awards for Best Actor in a Lead Role.
In March 2011, Cooper starred opposite Robert De Niro in the box office hit Limitless, which marked Cooper's first starring role in a feature film, directed by Neil Burger. Cooper also served as a producer on the film. Coopers additional film credits include: Todd Phillips War Dogs; David O. Russell's Joy; Burnt; The Words; The A-Team; New York I Love You; Hes Just Not That Into You; Hit and Run; Yes Man; All About Steve; Wedding Crashes; Wet Hot American Summer Aloha; and Serena. Cooper made his Broadway debut in the spring of 2006 in Joe Montellos production of Three Days of Rain, opposite Julia Roberts and Paul Rudd. In July 2008, he joined the cast of the critically acclaimed Theresa Rebeck play The Understudy, which premiered at the Williamstown Theatre Festival to rave reviews and sold out performances.
On television, Cooper most recently reprised his role as Ben in the Netflix remake Wet Hot American Summer: First Day of Camp. His other television credits include: Alias, in which Cooper portrayed Will Tippin; the F/X Drama Nip/Tuck; Foxs single-camera comedy Kitchen Confidential, based on the trials and tribulations of renowned chef Anthony Bourdain; Jack & Bobby; and a guest appearance on Sex and the City. In 2012, Cooper entered into a two-year first look deal with Warner Bros. for his production company 22nd & Indiana Pictures, under which American Sniper was produced. Three years later, Cooper partnered with longtime friend and collaborator Todd Phillips, and combined their production companies to form Joint Effort under Warner Bros., which has produced War Dogs and A Star Is Born. Cooper and Phillips are currently developing Black Flags, a television series based on the book, Black Flags: The Rise of ISIS, which they will executive produce. Born in Philadelphia, Cooper graduated with honors in the English program at Georgetown University. After moving to New York City, he obtained his Masters in the Fine Arts program at the Actors Studio Drama School.
EMMA TILLINGER KOSKOFF (Producer) is President of Production for Sikelia Productions, working alongside Academy Award-winning director Martin Scorsese on all aspects of his film and television projects. Koskoff began her career in the film industry assisting director/producer Ted Demme. While with Demme, she worked on the critically acclaimed film Blow, starring Johnny Depp and Penelope Cruz, and also assisted on the Emmy-nominated documentary A Decade Under the Influence. In 2003, Koskoff became Martin Scorseses executive assistant, serving in that capacity for three years. During this period, she assisted on The Blues, The Aviator and No Direction Home: Bob Dylan. Scorsese named Koskoff President of Production in 2006. She then associate produced, alongside film producers Graham King and Brad Grey, Scorseses The Departed. The film, which received four Academy Awards, including the Oscar for Best Director and Best Motion Picture of the Year, stars Leonardo DiCaprio, Matt Damon and Jack Nicholson. Following the excitement of The Departed, Koskoff co-produced the Rolling Stones concert film Shine a Light, starring Mick Jagger, Keith Richards, Charlie Watts and Ronnie Wood and directed by Scorsese. She also associate produced the Oscar-nominated documentary The Betrayal Nerakhoon, directed by Ellen Kuras.
In 2008, Koskoff co-produced the psychological thriller Shutter Island. The film stars Leonardo DiCaprio, Mark Ruffalo, Ben Kingsley, Michelle Williams, Patricia Clarkson and Max von Sydow, and was produced by Mike Medavoy, Brad Fischer and Scorsese. A Letter to Elia, the 2010 Scorsese-directed, Koskoff-produced documentary about filmmaker Elia Kazan, triumphed when winning the reputable Peabody Award. Additionally, she was executive producer for Scorseses other recent documentaries: Public Speaking, on the writer Fran Lebowitz, and George Harrison: Living in the Material World, for which she won an Emmy Award in 2011. Named executive producer on Scorseses 2011 Oscar-winning film Hugo, she then went on to produce the highly anticipated The Wolf of Wall Street. The Scorsese-directed film, which opened to worldwide critical acclaim, stars Leonardo DiCaprio and Jonah Hill. Koskoff was recognized for her contributions by receiving her first Academy Award, Golden Globe, and Producers Guild Award nominations. She then served as executive producer on Vinyl, HBOs 1970s rock n roll television series, with Scorsese at the helm, as well as writer/director Ben Wheatleys Free Fire, which she co-executive produced alongside Scorsese.
2016 saw the release of Scorseses long-awaited passion project Silence, which Koskoff produced. The film, starring Andrew Garfield, Adam Driver and Liam Neeson, was named a Movie of the Year by the American Film Institute (AFI). Koskoff also produced the 2016 boxing drama Bleed for This, by writer/director Ben Younger, which was Executive Produced by Scorsese. Alongside Scorsese, she also Executive Produced the acclaimed Grateful Dead documentary Long Strange Trip, directed by Amir Bar-Lev, and released by Amazon in 2017. In 2014, Koskoff and Scorsese partnered with Rodrigo Teixiera of RT Features to launch the Emerging Filmmaker Fund, dedicated to supporting first- or second-time directors around the world. The partnerships first film, Jonas Carpignanos A Ciambra, premiered to high acclaim in Directors Fortnight at the Cannes Film Festival in 2017 and was released that year. Their latest, Danielle Lessovitzs transgender romance Port Authority, premiered this year at Cannes in Un Certain Regard. The films star, Leyna Bloom, was the first transgender woman of color to headline a film premiering at Cannes. Their next film, Croation filmmaker Antoneta Kusijanovics Murina, is set to film summer 2019. Koskoff and Scorsese serve as executive producers on Josh and Benny Safdies Uncut Gems, currently in post-production, and Joanna Hoggs The Souvenir (Parts 1 and 2), with Part 1 winning the World Cinema Grand Jury prize at Sundance 2019, and Part 2 currently in production. Koskoff is currently producing Scorseses The Irishman, starring Robert DeNiro, Al Pacino and Joe Pesci, presently in post-production. Next up for Koskoff is Scorseses Killers of the Flower Moon, which will star Leonardo DiCaprio and Robert De Niro.
SCOTT SILVER (Co-Screenwriter) was nominated for an Academy Award and a BAFTA Award for his screenplay for David O. Russells The Fighter. Silvers other screenplays include The Mod Squad, which he also directed, Curtis Hansens 8 Mile, and The Finest Hours, among others.
LAWRENCE SHER (Director of Photography) has been working as a DP for more than 15 years. A New Jersey native and graduate of Wesleyan University, he worked as a camera assistant before breaking out as a cinematographer with Kissing Jessica Stein and the Independent Spirit Award winner Garden State. Sher began his collaboration with Todd Phillips on The Hangover and has worked with him on The Hangover II, The Hangover III, Due Date and War Dogs. Among his other credits are The Dukes of Hazzard, Dan in Real Life, Trucker, I Love You, Man, The Dictator, The Secret Life of Walter Mitty, Godzilla and Godzilla: King of the Monsters.
MARK FRIEDBERG (Production Designer) has had a long and distinguished career in film and television. Among his film credits are Barry Jenkins If Beale Street Could Talk, Todd Haynes Wonderstruck and Carol, Jim Jarmuschs Paterson, Ang Lees Billy Lynns Long Half Time Walk, Ava DuVernays Selma, and Darren Aronofskys Noah. Friedberg also production designed Charlie Kaufmans Synecdoche, New York, Marc Webbs The Amazing Spider-Man 2, Garry Marshalls New Years Eve, Jodie Fosters The Beaver, Roger Michels Morning Glory, Julie Taymors The Tempest and Across the Universe, Kevin McDonalds State of Play, Wes Andersons The Darjeeling Limited and The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou, Susan Stromans The Producers, Jarmuschs Broken Flowers and Coffee and Cigarettes, Hayness Far From Heaven, James Mangolds Kate & Lepold, Ed Harriss Pollack, Joan Chens Autumn in New York, Lees Ride with the Devil and The Ice Storm, Marshalls Runaway Bride, and Herb Gardners Im Not Rappaport. Friedbergs television credits include Mildred Pierce, Sex and The City, and Poodle Springs.
JEFF GROTH (Editor) has cut such films as Todd Phillips War Dogs, The Hangover Part III and Project X, as well as Office Christmas Party, Entourage, The Wedding Ringer, Man Made, Religulous, and So Goes the Nation. His television credits include Deadly Class, Ballers, Entourage, Community, Tori and Dean. Groth also worked as assistant editor for many years.
MARK BRIDGES (Costume Designer) is a two-time Academy Award winner, in 2011 ofr Michel Hazanavicius The Artist and, more recently, Paul Thomas Andersons Phantom Thread in 2018. Bridges also collaborated with Anderson on Hard Eight, Boogie Nights, Magnolia, Punch-Drunk Love, There Will Be Blood, The Master and Inherent Vice. His other credits include Paul Greengrasss Jason Bourne and Captain Phillips; Sam Taylor-Johnsons Fifty Shades of Grey; David O. Russells Silver Linings Playbook, The Fighter and I Heart Huckabees; Noah Baumbachs Greenberg; Steven Shainbergs Fur: An Imaginary Portrait of Diane Arbus; The Italian Job; Curtis Hansens 8 Mile; Showboy; Ted Demmes Blow; Cirque du Soloeil: Journey of Man; Andrew Davies Deep Blue Sea; Blast from the Past; and many other films. He also worked as assistant costume designer on Nixon, Natural Born Killers, The Hudsucker Proxy, Dave, and many other films. Bridges earned a Bachelor of Arts degree from Stonybrook University and a Master of Fine Arts degree from NYUs Tisch School of the Arts.
"Joker" in Copenhagen. Image by: Thomas Hauerslev
HILDUR GUÐNADÓTTIR (Composer) is an Emmy-Award nominated Icelandic composer, cello player, and singer who has been manifesting herself at the forefront of experimental pop and contemporary music. In her solo works, she draws out a broad spectrum of sounds from her instrumentation, ranging from intimate simplicity to huge soundscapes. Her work for film and television includes Sicario: Day of the Soldado, Mary Magdalene, and the critically acclaimed HBO series Chernobyl, for which she received a Primetime Emmy Award nomination in the Outstanding Music Composition for a Limited Series, Movie or Special category. In addition, her body of work includes scores for films such Tom of Finland, Journeys End and 20 episodes of the Icelandic TV series Trapped, streaming on Amazon Prime. Gudnadóttir began playing cello as a child, entered the Reykjavík Music Academy and then moved on to musical studies/composition and new media at the Iceland Academy of the Arts and Universität der Künste Berlin.
She has released four critically acclaimed solo albums: Mount A (2006), Without Sinking (2009), Leyfðu Ljósinu (2012) and Saman (2014). Her records have been nominated a number of times for the Icelandic Music Awards. Her albums are all released on Touch. She has composed music for theatre, dance performances and films. The Icelandic Symphony Orchestra, Icelandic National Theatre, Tate Modern, The British Film Institute, The Royal Swedish Opera in Stockholm and Gothenburg National Theatre are amongst the institutions that have commissioned new works from her. She was nominated for the Nordic Music Council Prize as composer of the year 2014. Gudnadóttir has performed live and recorded music with Skúli Sverrisson, Jóhann Jóhannsson, múm, Sunn O))), Pan Sonic, Hauschka, Wildbirds & Peacedrums, Ryuichi Sakamoto, David Sylvian, The Knife, Fever Ray and Throbbing Gristle, among others.
In 2018, Gudnadóttir was nominated for a Discovery of the Year Award at the World Soundtrack Academy in Gent, and received several prestigious awards, including the Asia Pacific Screen Award for Best Score for Mary Magdalene, and Best Score at the Beijing International Film Festival for Journeys End.
Gudnadóttir lives in Berlin, Germany.
|
||||||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
3
| 64
|
https://aub-uk.libguides.com/makeupsubject
|
en
|
Library Search at Arts University Bournemouth
|
[
"https://libapps-eu.s3.amazonaws.com/accounts/139028/images/MainBanner.jpg"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null |
en
|
//dkou0skpxpnwz.cloudfront.net/apps/common/favicon/apple-touch-icon.png
| null |
Search the full text of this site. Results will link to pages containing your terms; results from subject page searches are automatically filtered by that subject.
|
||||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
2
| 90
|
http://www.48hours.co.za/archive/old/18march2011/stories/18march/story05.html
|
en
|
Sir Antony Sher to grace Fugard stage in ‘Broken Glass’
|
[
"http://www.48hours.co.za/archive/old/18march2011/images/test/48hours_web_banner.jpg",
"http://www.48hours.co.za/archive/old/18march2011/adds/One-City-Many-Cultures-Proj.jpg",
"http://www.48hours.co.za/archive/old/18march2011/images/main/sir.jpg",
"http://www.48hours.co.za/archive/old/18march2011/images/facebook.gif",
"http://www.48hours.co.za/archive/old/18march2011/images/rss.gif",
"http://www.48hours.co.za/archive/old/18march2011/images/twitter.gif"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null |
en
|
../../Templates/images/48h.ico
| null |
Sir Antony Sher and Susan Danford in ‘Broken Glass’
The Fugard Theatre will welcome Sir Antony Sher to the Fugard stage for Arthur Miller’s haunting ‘Broken Glass’, directed by Janice Honeyman, from March 22 to April 16.
At the end of last year, Sher starred in a sell-out season of the Olivier award-winning drama at The Tricycle Theatre in London. He will be joined by a distinguished South African cast including Susan Danford, Stephen Jennings, Anthea Thompson, Claire Berlein and Patrick Lyster.
Sher, who plays the role of Philip Gellburg, was born and brought up in Sea Point, Cape Town.
He went to England in 1968 to study drama at the Weber Douglas Academy. As an Associate Artist of the Royal Shakespeare Company, his roles have included Richard III, Macbeth, Shylock, lago, Leontes, and Prospero in ‘The Tempest’.
The latter was a co-production with the Baxter Theatre and was also directed by Honeyman. His film and television roles have included ‘Mrs. Brown’, ‘Alive and Kicking’, ‘The History Man’, ‘Home’, ‘Macbeth’ and ‘Primo’. Among numerous awards, he has won the Olivier Best Actor Award on two occasions for ‘Richard III’ and ‘Torch Song Trilogy’. Locally, he has also won The Fleur du Cap Award for Best Solo Performance (‘Primo’).
In ‘Broken Glass’, Miller explores themes of guilt, personal tragedy and love in the lives of a Jewish couple living in New York in 1938, deeply affected by the horrific anti-Semitic events of that ominous night. A major, coordinated attack on Jews throughout Germany on the night of November 9, 1938, and into the next day, is recorded in the history books as Kristallnacht, or The Night of Broken Glass.
Jewish homes, shops and villages throughout Germany and parts of Austria were ransacked, leaving the streets covered in pieces of smashed windows. It is regarded by many historians as one of the events that pre-empted the Holocaust.
* Book at Computicket.
|
||||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 21
|
https://movies.fandom.com/wiki/Screen_Actors_Guild_Award_for_Outstanding_Performance_by_a_Cast_in_a_Motion_Picture
|
en
|
Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture
|
https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/filmguide/images/3/39/Site-community-image/revision/latest/scale-to-width-down/1200?cb=20230325223105
|
https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/filmguide/images/3/39/Site-community-image/revision/latest/scale-to-width-down/1200?cb=20230325223105
|
[
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/filmguide/images/e/e6/Site-logo.png/revision/latest?cb=20230601122650",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/6a181c72-e8bf-419b-b4db-18fd56a0eb60",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/6c42ce6a-b205-41f5-82c6-5011721932e7",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/464fc70a-5090-490b-b47e-0759e89c263f",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/f7bb9d33-4f9a-4faa-88fe-2a0bd8138668"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Contributors to Moviepedia"
] |
2024-07-12T14:06:28+00:00
|
The Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Motion Picture (or Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture), is an award given by the Screen Actors Guild to honor the finest acting achievements in film. 1995: Apollo 13...
|
en
|
https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/filmguide/images/4/4a/Site-favicon.ico/revision/latest?cb=20230313154015
|
Moviepedia
|
https://movies.fandom.com/wiki/Screen_Actors_Guild_Award_for_Outstanding_Performance_by_a_Cast_in_a_Motion_Picture
|
Recently, we've done several changes to help out this wiki, from deleting empty pages, improving the navigation, adding a rules page, as well as merging film infoboxes.
You can check out the latest overhauls that we have done on this wiki so far, as well as upcoming updates in our announcement post here.
|
||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 76
|
https://www.lemonde.fr/en/culture/article/2024/02/25/oppenheimer-wins-top-prizes-at-30th-screen-actors-guild-awards_6556235_30.html
|
en
|
'Oppenheimer' wins top prizes at 30th Screen Actors Guild Awards
|
[
"https://img.lemde.fr/2024/08/14/0/0/6000/4000/360/0/95/0/14439ff_1723649441128-arc-de-triomphe-67.jpg 2x",
"https://img.lemde.fr/2024/08/14/0/0/8256/5504/360/0/95/0/9afe813_1723647894080-gettyimages-2165576128.jpg 2x",
"https://img.lemde.fr/2024/08/11/0/0/5218/3478/360/0/95/0/b9711a2_5406434-01-06.jpg 2x",
"https://img.lemde.fr/2024/08/14/0/0/5366/3577/360/0/95/0/e5f6ef8_5421527-01-06.jpg 2x",
"https://img.lemde.fr/2024/08/16/0/0/8640/5760/360/0/95/0/e6d897f_1723818570722-jo-centres-volontaires-terencebk-79.jpg 2x",
"https://img.lemde.fr/2024/08/16/0/263/4974/3316/360/0/95/0/05b0c32_1723797123563-000-14k1ph.jpg 2x",
"https://img.lemde.fr/2024/05/21/0/0/2944/1963/360/0/95/0/967672e_1716307018533-2024-03-06t000000z-707964794-rc2hg6ab3wyq-rtrmadp-3-olympics-2024-security.JPG 2x",
"https://img.lemde.fr/2024/08/18/0/54/7392/4928/360/0/95/0/58b32c9_1724013929844-000-34w364y.jpg 2x",
"https://img.lemde.fr/2024/08/18/1/0/8192/5461/360/0/95/0/e09a57d_1724015396151-0i6a4305.JPG 2x",
"https://img.lemde.fr/2024/08/05/0/0/6643/4429/360/0/95/0/81870d5_1722900344375-bt7a8498.jpg 2x",
"https://img.lemde.fr/2024/08/16/0/0/5310/3540/360/0/95/0/58e700a_1723820142177-111687.jpg 2x",
"https://img.lemde.fr/2024/07/16/587/0/3350/2233/360/0/95/0/a50539a_40f1f406d4284d04afdb346fb4f00a22-0-f23230b4be6c492a9e118d4dd28bc670.jpg 2x",
"https://img.lemde.fr/2024/06/18/0/0/6000/4000/360/0/95/0/023e3a1_2024-06-18t083238z-178761460-rc22b8a9i1mh-rtrmadp-3-france-election.JPG 2x",
"https://img.lemde.fr/2024/06/11/0/44/991/661/360/0/95/0/0e5091b_1718115980940-en-eu-results-00-02-04-01.png 2x",
"https://img.lemde.fr/2024/03/01/7/0/2948/1965/360/0/95/0/314d623_1709304069259-000-arp1469936.jpg 2x",
"https://img.lemde.fr/2024/08/19/0/0/8047/5365/360/0/95/0/b0adfcc_1724047951399-657544.jpg 2x",
"https://img.lemde.fr/2024/07/24/0/0/5740/3826/360/0/95/0/1da8df8_31f831ad3e334bfba77f8a8c7f2c9694-1-343d6ae4c7b64a2d83df4bdf5615d0b9.jpg 2x",
"https://img.lemde.fr/2024/08/16/0/134/3313/2209/360/0/95/0/e3cfba6_1723810798060-114453.jpg 2x",
"https://img.lemde.fr/2024/08/04/35/0/3049/2032/360/0/95/0/16b3386_5858702cf038476b9ce5e1945c61638e-0-8e6ac9216cc54bc491c7738d99fa303f.jpg 2x",
"https://img.lemde.fr/2024/07/12/0/252/2760/1840/360/0/95/0/1efeb77_1720774756259-wp-20240508-17-15-27-pro.jpg 2x",
"https://img.lemde.fr/2024/07/03/1/0/3210/2140/360/0/95/0/cecfa04_1720012009584-pns-747121420.jpg 2x",
"https://img.lemde.fr/2024/07/31/0/0/1920/1280/360/0/95/0/4511cd6_1722433286774-469c7f7-1722427714648-appel-resto.png 2x",
"https://img.lemde.fr/2024/08/05/0/0/1999/1333/360/0/95/0/719acda_1722895732025-d52a9053-dxo.jpg 2x",
"https://img.lemde.fr/2024/02/25/0/0/3595/2397/664/0/75/0/433ec66_2024-02-25t032154z-206381618-hp1ek2p098q6n-rtrmadp-3-awards-sag.JPG",
"https://img.lemde.fr/2024/02/25/0/0/3595/2397/664/0/75/0/433ec66_2024-02-25t032154z-206381618-hp1ek2p098q6n-rtrmadp-3-awards-sag.JPG",
"https://img.lemde.fr/2024/02/25/0/0/2063/1376/664/0/75/0/34a79b5_2024-02-25t025217z-631050853-hp1ek2p06hq5s-rtrmadp-3-awards-sag.JPG",
"https://img.lemde.fr/2024/02/25/0/0/2063/1376/664/0/75/0/34a79b5_2024-02-25t025217z-631050853-hp1ek2p06hq5s-rtrmadp-3-awards-sag.JPG"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Le Monde"
] |
2024-02-25T00:00:00
|
The SAG Awards, one of the most-telling Oscar predictors, will only add to the momentum for Christophe Nolan's movie, the lead Academy Awards nominee with 13 nods.
|
en
|
/en/bucket/assets/fa6c707de485e6cb90d49ed3a04b8ef13de56560/img/logos/favicon.ico
|
Le Monde.fr
|
https://www.lemonde.fr/en/culture/article/2024/02/25/oppenheimer-wins-top-prizes-at-30th-screen-actors-guild-awards_6556235_30.html
|
Oppenheimer continued to streamroll through Hollywood's awards season on Saturday, February 24, winning the top prize, for outstanding cast, along with awards for Cillian Murphy and Robert Downey Jr., at the 30th Screen Actors Guild Awards.
As the Academy Awards draw closer, Christopher Nolan's blockbuster biopic – already a winner at the Golden Globes and the BAFTAs – has increasingly looked like the run-away favorite. The SAG Awards, one of the most-telling Oscar predictors, will only add to the momentum for Oppenheimer, the lead Academy Awards nominee with 13 nods.
The SAG Awards don't always signify Oscar success. Two of the last five winners from the guild (The Trial of the Chicago 7 and Black Panther) lost at the Academy Awards. But in the past two years, all five of the top SAG prizes – best ensemble and the four acting winners – have corresponded with the eventual Oscar winners, including the ensembles for Everything Everywhere All at Once and CODA.
That could mean the SAGs offered an Oscar preview in two of the closest contests: best actor and best actress.
The crowd erupted for Gladstone
The night's most thrilling win went to Lily Gladstone for female actor in a leading role in Martin Scorsese's Killers of the Flower Moon. No category has been more hotly contested, with analysts evenly split between Gladstone and Emma Stone for Poor Things.
But Gladstone won Saturday and the crowd erupted. Stone, too, stood and vigorously applauded. More is riding on Gladstone than perhaps any other Oscar contender this year. Her win would be a first for Native Americans.
Murphy and Paul Giamatti (The Holdovers) have also been seen as in a neck-and-neck contest. But Murphy has now won at the SAGs, the BAFTAs and Globes, suggesting he has the clear edge heading into the Academy Awards .
Robert Downey Jr. and Da'Vine Joy Randolph each won for their supporting performances, likewise solidifying their status as Oscar favorites. Downey Jr., accepting his first SAG Award for a movie role for his performance in Christopher Nolan's Oppenheimer, grinned as he accepted the trophy. "Why me? Why now? Why do things seem to be going my way?" said Downey Jr. "Unlike my fellow nominees, I will never grow tired from the sound of my own voice."
Both Downey Jr. – who triumphed again over Ryan Gosling (Barbie) – and Randolph have emerged as Academy Awards frontrunners. Their wins Saturday should make them shoo-ins.
New
Le Monde’s app
Get the most out of your experience: download the app to enjoy Le Monde in English anywhere, anytime
Download
Randolph's performance in Alexander Payne's The Holdovers has been a breakthrough role for the 37-year-old actor. Now, she appears poised to win the Academy Award. "To every actor out there still waiting in the wings for their chance, let me tell you: Your life can change in a day," Randolph said. "It's not a question of if but when. Keep going."
For the first time live on Netflix
The 30th Screen Actors Guild Awards, streaming for the first time live on Netflix, got underway with Oscar momentum up for grabs for lead nominees Oppenheimer and Barbie. The host-less ceremony kicked off at the Shrine Auditorium & Expo Hall in Los Angeles. "Personally, I can't wait to get home and have Netflix recommend this show to me based on all the other stuff that I watch myself in," joked Idris Elba, kicking off the show.
Read more Subscribers only Barbie and the birth of a Hollywood franchise
After more than two decades airing on TNT and TBS to dwindling viewership, Netflix acquired telecast rights to the SAG Awards in early 2023. That meant some different rules, including no ads and permitted bad language. Elba, who kicked off the show on stage, suggested a delicate dance. "Don't say anything you wouldn't say in front of Oprah," said Elba, who promptly added an expletive.
This year's SAG Awards follows a grueling months-long strike in which the SAG-AFTRA union fought a bitter battle over a number of issues. Much of the work stoppage was prompted over changes in the film and TV industry brought on by streaming and a sea change led by Netflix.
"Your solidarity ignited workers around the world, triggering what forever will be remember as 'the hot labor summer,'" said Fran Drescher, president of SAG-AFTRA. "This was a seminal moment in our union's history."
'Beef' and 'The Bear' awarded
It didn't take long for the night's hosts to nab an award of their own. Ali Wong, who sported one of the most eye-catching looks on the red carpet, won best female actor in a TV movie or limited series for the Netflix series Beef. Later, her co-star Steven Yeun also won.
The Bear likewise continued its awards run, winning best comedy series, and awards for Jeremy Allen White and Ayo Edebiri .
The new streaming platform was sure to put even more of a spotlight on one of the most closely-watched predictors of the Academy Awards. Oscar voting wraps Tuesday. The lack of ad breaks meant some notable tweaks. Shortly after winning, many winners were interviewed backstage – sometimes charmingly, sometimes awkwardly – by red-carpet co-host Tan France. Pedro Pascal, looking very surprised, won best male actor in a drama series for The Last of Us.
'I dream of a world where such prejudice is a thing of the past'
Barbra Streisand held the audience in rapt attention while accepting a lifetime achievement award, presented by Jennifer Aniston and Bradley Cooper. "I remember dreaming of being an actress as a teenager sitting in my bed in Brooklyn with a pint of coffee ice cream and a movie magazine," said Streisand, who recalled being transfixed by "my first crush," Marlon Brando. Streisand also took a moment to celebrate the Jewish pioneers of Hollywood. "Now I dream of a world where such prejudice is a thing of the past," she said.
Two awards for stunt ensemble were announced during the red carpet. Those went to the stunt performers of Mission: Impossible – Dead Reckoning Part One, in the film category, and for The Last of Us in television.
Saturday's show was one of Netflix's most significant forays yet into live streaming events. Netflix has previously hosted a live Chris Rock comedy special , a celebrity golf tournament and a live reunion Love Is Blind episode that was marred by technical difficulties. But Netflix is gearing up for more. On March 3, it will stream a live tennis event.
Le Monde
|
||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 37
|
https://www.nbclosangeles.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/sag-awards-2024-winners-see-the-complete-list/3347531/
|
en
|
SAG Awards 2024 winners: See the complete list
|
[
"https://media.nbclosangeles.com/2024/04/KNBC-Dgtl-Oly-On-Dark.png?fit=507%2C120&quality=85&strip=all&w=169&h=40",
"https://media.nbclosangeles.com/2019/09/LA_aerial-1-1.png?fit=2060%2C847&quality=85&strip=all&w=400&h=44&crop=1",
"https://media.nbclosangeles.com/2024/02/GettyImages-1469866247.jpg?quality=85&strip=all&fit=5510%2C3672&w=130&h=73&crop=1 130w, https://media.nbclosangeles.com/2024/02/GettyImages-1469866247.jpg?quality=85&strip=all&fit=5510%2C3672&w=170&h=96&crop=1 170w, https://media.nbclosangeles.com/2024/02/GettyImages-1469866247.jpg?quality=85&strip=all&fit=5510%2C3672&w=210&h=118&crop=1 210w, https://media.nbclosangeles.com/2024/02/GettyImages-1469866247.jpg?quality=85&strip=all&fit=5510%2C3672&w=250&h=141&crop=1 250w, https://media.nbclosangeles.com/2024/02/GettyImages-1469866247.jpg?quality=85&strip=all&fit=5510%2C3672&w=290&h=163&crop=1 290w, https://media.nbclosangeles.com/2024/02/GettyImages-1469866247.jpg?quality=85&strip=all&fit=5510%2C3672&w=330&h=186&crop=1 330w",
"https://media.nbclosangeles.com/2024/02/GettyImages-2028794465-e1708826675978.jpg?quality=85&strip=all&fit=2002%2C1560&w=130&h=73&crop=1 130w, https://media.nbclosangeles.com/2024/02/GettyImages-2028794465-e1708826675978.jpg?quality=85&strip=all&fit=2002%2C1560&w=170&h=96&crop=1 170w, https://media.nbclosangeles.com/2024/02/GettyImages-2028794465-e1708826675978.jpg?quality=85&strip=all&fit=2002%2C1560&w=210&h=118&crop=1 210w, https://media.nbclosangeles.com/2024/02/GettyImages-2028794465-e1708826675978.jpg?quality=85&strip=all&fit=2002%2C1560&w=250&h=141&crop=1 250w, https://media.nbclosangeles.com/2024/02/GettyImages-2028794465-e1708826675978.jpg?quality=85&strip=all&fit=2002%2C1560&w=290&h=163&crop=1 290w, https://media.nbclosangeles.com/2024/02/GettyImages-2028794465-e1708826675978.jpg?quality=85&strip=all&fit=2002%2C1560&w=330&h=186&crop=1 330w",
"https://media.nbclosangeles.com/2024/04/LA-web@3x.png?fit=838%2C72&quality=85&strip=all",
"https://nbcu.tmsimg.com/assets/p25107277_b_h10_aa.jpg?w=960&h=540",
"https://media.nbclosangeles.com/2024/08/GettyImages-2155551333.jpg?quality=85&strip=all&resize=100%2C56",
"https://media.nbclosangeles.com/2024/08/GettyImages-2166375565_a4e767.jpg?quality=85&strip=all&resize=100%2C56",
"https://media.nbclosangeles.com/2024/08/LAPD-street-takeover-crowd-turns-on-fire-hydrants.jpg?quality=85&strip=all&resize=100%2C56",
"https://media.nbclosangeles.com/2024/05/johnny-wactor.jpg?quality=85&strip=all&resize=100%2C56",
"https://media.nbclosangeles.com/2024/08/GettyImages-1202621249.jpg?quality=85&strip=all&resize=100%2C56",
"https://media.nbclosangeles.com/2024/04/KNBC-Dgtl-Oly-On-Light.png?fit=507%2C120&quality=85&strip=all",
"https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=6035083&cv=2.0&cj=1",
"https://media.nbclosangeles.com/2024/04/KNBC-Dgtl-Oly-On-Light.png?fit=507%2C120&quality=85&strip=all"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
"SAG Awards"
] | null |
[
"Jamie Blynn | E!",
"Jamie Blynn"
] |
2024-02-24T14:54:38
|
The 2024 SAG Awards nominees include "Barbie," "Succession," "Oppenheimer," "The Bear," "The Crown" and "Killers of the Flower Moon."
|
en
|
NBC Los Angeles
|
https://www.nbclosangeles.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/sag-awards-2024-winners-see-the-complete-list/3347531/
|
Originally appeared on E! Online
So, who will The Actor statue go to at the 2024 SAG Awards?
No need to panic, we've got you covered. ICYMI, the Feb. 24 event — which steamed live Netflix — honored the best in TV and film.
Several films and shows scored numerous nominations, including "Barbie," "Oppenheimer" and "Succession."
SAG Awards 2024: Stars React to Their Nominations
Other winners the star-studded evening? "Devil Wears Prada" fans, Anne Hathaway, Meryl Streep and Emily Blunt reunited on stage 18 years after the film had us wondering if that top is turquoise, lapis or actually cerulean.
Plus, EGOT winner Barbra Streisand gave an inspiring speech after she received the Life Achievement Award, which was presented by Jennifer Aniston.
"Ever since I was a young girl sitting in the Loew's Kings Theatre in Brooklyn, I dreamed of being one of those actresses I saw on the screen," the 81-year-old said in a statement. "The movies were a portal to a world I could only imagine."
"Even though I was an unlikely candidate, somehow my dream came true," Streisand continued. "This award is especially meaningful to me because it comes from my fellow actors, whom I so admire."
As for what other stars walk away with an Actor statue? We'll update the list below as the awards are handed out:
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Television Movie or Limited Series
Matt Bomer, Fellow Travelers
Jon Hamm, Fargo
David Oyelowo, Lawmen: Bass Reeves
Tony Shalhoub, Mr. Monk's Last Case: A Monk Movie
WINNER: Steven Yeun, Beef
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Television Movie or Limited Series
Uzo Aduba, Painkiller
Kathryn Hahn, Tiny Beautiful Things
Brie Larson, Lessons in Chemistry
Bel Powley, A Small Light
WINNER: Ali Wong, Beef
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Supporting Role
Sterling K. Brown, American Fiction
Willem Dafoe, Poor Things
Robert De Niro, Killers of the Flower Moon
WINNER: Robert Downey Jr., Oppenheimer
Ryan Gosling, Barbie
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Supporting Role
Emily Blunt, Oppenheimer
Danielle Brooks, The Color Purple
Penélope Cruz, Ferrari
Jodie Foster, Nyad
WINNER: Da'Vine Joy Randolph, The Holdovers
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role
Bradley Cooper, Maestro
Colman Domingo, Rustin
Paul Giamatti, The Holdovers
WINNER: Cillian Murphy, Oppenheimer
Jeffrey Wright, American Fiction
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role
Annette Bening, Nyad
WINNER: Lily Gladstone, Killers of the Flower Moon
Carey Mulligan, Maestro
Margot Robbie, Barbie
Emma Stone, Poor Things
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Drama Series
Brian Cox, Succession
Billy Crudup, The Morning Show
Kieran Culkin, Succession
Matthew MacFadyen, Succession
WINNER: Pedro Pascal, The Last of Us
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series
Jennifer Aniston, The Morning Show
WINNER: Elizabeth Debicki, The Crown
Bella Ramsey, The Last of Us
Keri Russell, The Diplomat
Sarah Snook, Succession
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Comedy Series
Brett Goldstein, Ted Lasso
Bill Hader, Barry
Ebon Moss-Bachrach, The Bear
Jason Sudeikis, Ted Lasso
WINNER: Jeremy Allen White, The Bear
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Comedy Series
Alex Borstein, The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel
Rachel Brosnahan, The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel
Quinta Brunson, Abbott Elementary
WINNER: Ayo Edebiri, The Bear
Hannah Waddingham, Ted Lasso
Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series
The Crown
The Gilded Age
The Last of Us
The Morning Show
WINNER: Succession
Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series
Abbott Elementary
Barry
WINNER: The Bear
Only Murders in the Building
Ted Lasso
Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture
American Fiction
Barbie
The Color Purple
Killers of the Flower Moon
WINNER: Oppenheimer
SAG Life Achievement Award
Recipient: Barbra Streisand
Outstanding Action Performance By a Stunt Ensemble in a Motion Picture
Barbie
Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3
Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny
John Wick Chapter 4
WINNER: Mission: Impossible, Dead Reckoning, Part I
Outstanding Action Performance by a Stunt Ensemble in a Television Series
|
|||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
3
| 55
|
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/03/theater/john-kani-antony-sher-kunene-and-the-king.html
|
en
|
Stage Royalty Joined, and Separated, by Apartheid
|
[
"https://static01.nyt.com/images/2019/04/07/arts/07KUNENE-COMBO/07KUNENE-COMBO-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&auto=webp&disable=upscale"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Roslyn Sulcas"
] |
2019-04-03T00:00:00
|
South African actors John Kani and Antony Sher reunite for a play that explores how attitudes have, and haven’t changed, in the 25 years since democracy.
|
en
|
/vi-assets/static-assets/favicon-d2483f10ef688e6f89e23806b9700298.ico
|
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/03/theater/john-kani-antony-sher-kunene-and-the-king.html
|
STRATFORD-UPON-AVON, England — “What does a black man think has happened since South Africa had democratic elections in 1994? What does a white man think?”
John Kani, one of South Africa’s most celebrated actors, posed the questions rhetorically, with characteristic gravel-voiced resonance, while Antony Sher, another celebrated actor born in South Africa, looked on.
The subject: Mr. Kani’s new play, “Kunene and the King,” which opened at the Royal Shakespeare Company’s Swan Theater on April 3.
In “Kunene,” directed by Janice Honeyman, Mr. Kani, 76, and Mr. Sher, 69, reincarnate the black/white divide under apartheid that dominated their youth.
Mr. Kani, who grew up in a township outside the city of Port Elizabeth, began to act in 1965 with a group that included Athol Fugard and Winston Ntshona. The three men began working on material together and wrote “Sizwe Banzi Is Dead” and “The Island,” a pair of one-act plays that helped bring the realities of apartheid to the world; it won Mr. Kani and Mr. Ntshona a joint best actor Tony Award in New York in 1975.
When they returned to South Africa, they were arrested and placed in solitary confinement for several weeks. Ten years later Mr. Kani lost an eye (he wears a prosthetic one) after a beating by the police. He continued to write, and played South Africa’s first black Othello in a contentious 1987 production.
Thank you for your patience while we verify access. If you are in Reader mode please exit and log into your Times account, or subscribe for all of The Times.
Thank you for your patience while we verify access.
Already a subscriber? Log in.
Want all of The Times? Subscribe.
|
|||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
2
| 58
|
https://www.wsls.com/entertainment/2021/12/03/acclaimed-shakespearean-actor-antony-sher-dies-at-72/
|
en
|
Acclaimed Shakespearean actor Antony Sher dies at 72
|
[
"https://t.gmg.io/header/wsls-logo.png",
"https://t.gmg.io/header/favicon/wsls.svg",
"https://www.wsls.com/static-resources/shared/images/omneLogo.svg",
"https://www.wsls.com/static-resources/shared/images/gmg_dark.svg",
"https://www.wsls.com/static-resources/shared/images/gd_dark.svg"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
"Harriet Walter",
"John Kani",
"Queen Elizabeth II",
"Primo Levi",
"Arts",
"Arthur Miller",
"entertainment",
"Harvey Fierstein"
] | null |
[
"Jill Lawless",
"Associated Press"
] |
2021-12-03T00:00:00
|
Antony Sher, one of the most acclaimed Shakespearean actors of his generation, has died aged 72.
|
en
|
/pf/resources/images/wsls/favicon.ico?d=758
|
WSLS
|
https://www.wsls.com/entertainment/2021/12/03/acclaimed-shakespearean-actor-antony-sher-dies-at-72/
|
LONDON – Antony Sher, one of the most acclaimed Shakespearean actors of his generation, has died aged 72, the Royal Shakespeare Company said Friday.
Sher had been diagnosed with terminal cancer earlier this year. His husband, Royal Shakespeare Company Artistic Director Gregory Doran, took leave from his job to care for him.
Born in Cape Town, South Africa in 1949, Sher moved to Britain in the late 1960s to study drama. He joined the RSC in 1982 and had a breakthrough role in 1984 as the usurping king in “Richard III.”
He went on to play most of Shakespeare’s meaty male roles, including Falstaff in the “Henry IV” plays, Leontes in “The Winter’s Tale,” Shylock in “The Merchant of Venice,” Iago in “Othello” and the title characters in “Macbeth” and “King Lear.”
Non-Shakespearean roles for the company, based in the Bard’s hometown of Stratford-upon-Avon, included Willy Loman in Arthur Miller's “Death of a Salesman” and the title role in Moliere's “Tartuffe.”
Sher also performed with Liverpool’s innovative Everyman Theatre and at many of London’s main theaters, getting his first West End starring role as a drag artist in Harvey Fierstein’s “Torch Song Trilogy.” He won the 1985 best-actor Olivier Award jointly for “Torch Song Trilogy” and “Richard III.”
He gained a second Olivier, as well as a Tony Award nomination for playing artist Stanley Spencer in Pam Gems’ “Stanley” at the National Theatre and on Broadway.
After winning acclaim as a pillar of British theater, Sher began to explore both his Jewish and his South African heritage.
He adapted Primo Levi’s powerful Auschwitz memoir “If This is a Man” into a one-man stage show, “Primo,” that ran on Broadway in 2005.
He created the solo show despite being afflicted with debilitating stage fright.
“If you suffer from stage fright, is it a good idea to perform a one-man show? The answer, surprisingly, turns out to be yes,” Sher told the Associated Press in 2005. “It is the best cure for stage fright in the world, because it’s make or break. There’s no middle ground.”
Sher's last role for the RSC came in 2019 in South African writer John Kani’s “Kunene and The King.” Sher played a veteran actor diagnosed with cancer, looked after by a Black South African carer.
Kani, who starred opposite Sher, said the two men had been “comrades in the struggle for a better South Africa.”
On television, Sher starred as a memorably sleazy university lecturer in 1981 BBC series “The History Man.” His film roles included Dr. Moth in “Shakespeare in Love,” Benjamin Disraeli in “Mrs Brown” and Adolf Hitler in “Churchill: The Hollywood Years.”
Sher also wrote several novels and theatrical memoirs, along with an autobiography, “Beside Myself,” and exhibited his paintings and drawings in galleries. He was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II in 2000, becoming Sir Antony Sher.
“I think he always felt like an outsider and his outsider’s vision was his strength,” said Harriet Walter, who starred opposite Sher in “Macbeth” and “Death of a Salesman.”
“He had abundant creative energy and protean powers and an almost clinical curiosity about what makes people tick,” she said.
Shakespeare scholar James Shapiro said Sher’s performances “profoundly deepened my understanding of Shakespeare.”
“He was a brilliant actor and an incredibly kind and thoughtful person,” Shapiro said. “Hamlet put it best: “take him for all in all, I shall not look upon his like again.’”
Sher and Doran were one of the first couples to have a civil partnership in Britain after same-sex unions were legalized in 2005. They married in 2015 when the U.K. legalized gay marriage.
|
||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
0
| 16
|
https://www.rcreader.com/movies/2024-oscar-nominations-predictions
|
en
|
Predicting the 2024 Academy Award Nominations
|
[
"https://www.rcreader.com/sites/default/files/reader-logo-default.png",
"https://www.rcreader.com/sites/default/files/styles/inside/public/field/image/2024-01/barbiepredix.jpg?itok=yx9BFlJf",
"https://www.rcreader.com/sites/default/files/styles/inside/public/field/image/2024-01/oppenheimerpredix.jpg?itok=Ld3jT3nd",
"https://www.rcreader.com/sites/default/files/styles/inside/public/field/image/2024-01/anatomypredix.jpg?itok=p3EFEHup",
"https://www.rcreader.com/sites/default/files/styles/inside/public/field/image/2024-01/killerspredix.jpg?itok=Mw-i5a28",
"https://www.rcreader.com/sites/default/files/styles/inside/public/field/image/2024-01/strangerspredix.jpg?itok=9uKtCgx6",
"https://www.rcreader.com/sites/default/files/styles/inside/public/field/image/2024-01/holdoverspredix.png?itok=6eWGPnfK",
"https://www.rcreader.com/sites/default/files/styles/inside/public/field/image/2024-01/poorthingspredix.png?itok=7bwS7cAP",
"https://www.rcreader.com/sites/default/files/styles/inside/public/field/image/2024-01/pastlivespredix.jpg?itok=KHPFw_Wn",
"https://www.rcreader.com/sites/default/files/styles/inside/public/field/image/2024-01/americanfictionpredix.jpg?itok=S7AoXJjv",
"https://www.rcreader.com/sites/default/files/styles/inside/public/field/image/2024-01/rustinpredix.jpg?itok=2U03EmJb",
"https://www.rcreader.com/sites/default/files/styles/inside/public/field/image/2024-01/boyheronpredix.jpg?itok=EO6J3Syx",
"https://www.rcreader.com/sites/default/files/styles/inside/public/field/image/2024-01/zonepreview.jpg?itok=3jaGYEgL",
"https://www.rcreader.com/sites/default/files/styles/inside/public/field/image/2024-01/elcondepredix.jpg?itok=cf-XMO5N",
"https://www.rcreader.com/sites/default/files/styles/inside/public/field/image/2024-01/napoleonpredix.jpeg?itok=GQCt8nFf",
"https://www.rcreader.com/sites/default/files/styles/inside/public/field/image/2024-01/godzillapredix.jpg?itok=jeT6m9vB",
"https://www.rcreader.com/sites/all/themes/gavias_vecas/images/anon.png",
"https://www.rcreader.com/sites/default/files/Reader%20Cover%20Array%20Support%20Graphic%20Feb%202022.jpg",
"https://www.rcreader.com/sites/default/files/Reader%20Podcasts%20Logo.png",
"https://www.rcreader.com/sites/default/files/350X100_Local_Elections_Reader_tagged_content.jpg",
"https://www.rcreader.com/sites/default/files/free-assange-tagged-content-350x100.jpg",
"https://www.rcreader.com/sites/default/files/350X100_January_6_tagged_Reader_content_graphic.jpg",
"https://www.rcreader.com/sites/default/files/350x100-COVID-Curious-Sidebar-Ad.jpg",
"https://www.rcreader.com/sites/default/files/350x100-911-tagged-content.jpg",
"https://www.rcreader.com/sites/default/files/Reader%20Cover%20Array%20Support%20Graphic%20Feb%202022.jpg",
"https://www.rcreader.com/sites/default/files/Reader-white-logo-weekly-update.png"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] |
2024-01-13T20:55:03-06:00
|
It's time again for my Oscar-nomination predictions! My annual article in which I hope you forget a large portion of it five seconds after the actual nominees are revealed!
|
en
|
https://www.rcreader.com/movies/2024-oscar-nominations-predictions
|
The Producers Guild effectively cleared things up. The Screen Actors Guild muddied the waters. The Golden Globes had almost no bearing on what was expected to happen. (Except in the Screenplay race – congrats, you brilliant French interlopers!) So with Academy Awards voting officially underway through January 16, exactly one week before the announcement of nominees, it's time again for my Oscar-nomination predictions! My annual article in which I hope you forget a large portion of it five seconds after the actual nominees are revealed!
As in recent past years, I'm now as caught up on Academy Awards precursors as possible, beyond not yet knowing what emerges triumphant at the January 15 Critics Choice Awards. Really, though: Who cares? (The victors are occasionally instructive regarding eventual wins, but because the organization seems to simply rubber-stamp the opinions of online Oscars forecasters every year, the CCA doesn't help much in gauging Academy opinion prior to the nominations announcement.) The winners of the Golden Globe Awards, though, have been revealed, as have the victors of our country's three most prestigious critics organizations: the New York Film Critics Circle (NYFCC), the Los Angeles Film Critics Association (LAFCA), and the National Society of Film Critics (NSFC). Yesterday, the Producers Guild of America (PGA) announced its list of 10 favorites, and this past Wednesday, the Directors Guild of America (DGA) revealed its roster of five. Meanwhile, the British Academy of Film & Television Awards (BAFTA) revealed long-lists of films and individuals up for contention, with each category having roughly double the number of contenders who'll eventually be cited by the Oscars. Not a lot of surprises, unhappy or otherwise, regarding who did and didn't make the cut this year ... unless, like me, you were rooting hard for Rachel McAdams, and/or you're a fan of May December. (I mean, I get the movie's exclusion, but ouch.)
Off we go! The boldface names and titles below are my predicted nominees, non-boldface denotes runners-up, and predictions are in order of probability.
BEST PICTURE
Oppenheimer
Barbie
Killers of the Flower Moon
Poor Things
The Holdovers
American Fiction
Anatomy of a Fall
The Zone of Interest
Past Lives
Maestro
The Color Purple
May December
Saltburn
Society of the Snow
Spider-Man: Across the Spider-Verse
The PGA (not to be confused with the professional golf association) tends to lean populist and homegrown, with previous nominees for the annual Producers Guild of America Award including such blockbusters as Wonder Woman, Deadpool, and Shrek – movies that no one really expected to (and didn't) crack the Academy's Best Picture lineup. So this year, there was every reason to expect Anatomy of a Fall and The Zone of Interest to be usurped by far bigger hits with lots of 'murican dialogue – the latest Spider-Verse, for example, or The Color Purple. Instead, in the first instance of the PGA citing two foreign-language releases, the organization went with the boldface titles above. And even though the PGA and the Oscars have never before achieved 10-for-10 solidarity, I'm almost certain it's gonna happen this year. The only inclusion I'm even slightly hesitant about is Maestro, which seemed to be greeted with a collective “meh” by Netflix viewers (it reportedly left the service's Top 10 Movies list after only four days), and which even the Leonard Bernstein fans among my friends agree needed way-less marital strife and way-more West Side Story.
The thing is, I'm just not sensing enough passion behind any alternatives to these 10. Its SAG-ensemble and CCA Best Picture citations definitely help, but even the musical-minded Golden Globes didn't find room for The Color Purple within their six Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy choices, and after a robust Christmas Day opening, the film has struggled to find enthused audiences. Critics tended to adore May December, but it got skunked at SAG and barely made a dent on the BAFTA longlists. Saltburn has its fans (and many detractors), but is probably too icky to be cited here. Nexflix's Society of the Snow hasn't popped the way last year's All Quiet on the Western Front clearly did. Spider-Man could happen – yet would have a better chance if another widely loved animated offering, Hayao Miyazaki's The Boy & the Heron, weren't also in the mix.
And while there are a number of fringe options – All of Us Strangers, Air, Napoleon, Ferrari, The Iron Claw, Origin, the destined-to-be-sadly-ignored-everywhere Are You There God? It's Me, Margaret. – I don't think their pockets of support are deep enough to constitute an out-of-nowhere leap to the Oscars' top 10. So let's stick with the PGA's acknowledged titles, and hope there might be more suspense in what ultimately wins the most significant Oscar of the night than there is in what might be contending for it. There won't be, though. (Cough! Oppenheimer!)
BEST DIRECTING
Christopher Nolan, Oppenheimer
Martin Scorsese, Killers of the Flower Moon
Yorgos Lanthimos, Poor Things
Jonathan Glazer, The Zone of Interest
Justine Triet, Anatomy of a Fall
Greta Gerwig, Barbie
Alexander Payne, The Holdovers
Todd Haynes, May December
Nearly every year, the least exciting precursor announcement comes from the DGA, because nearly every year, its nominees are almost laughably easy to predict: Just go with the directors of the titles most likely to be nominated for Best Picture. That's how we get Directors Guild of America Award contenders such as Top Gun: Maverick's Joseph Kosinski, Dune's Denis Villeneuve, The Trial of the Chicago 7's Aaron Sorkin, and others whom the organization included but who didn't receive Best Directing nods on Oscars morning. This past Wednesday, the DGA's latest lineup was traditionally expected, with citations for the helmers of presumed Best Picture shoo-ins Barbie, The Holdovers, Killers of the Flower Moon, Oppenheimer, and Poor Things. But here's what else we know: The DGA and the Academy's lineups rarely match five-for-five, and when “surprises” happen with the Oscars' quintet, it's usually a European director and/or the director of a lauded foreign-language title who slips in. That's how we get Triangle of Sadness' Ruben Östlund, Drive My Car's Ryusuke Hamaguchi, Another Round's Thomas Vinterberg, and others whom the online Oscars punditry is generally shocked – shocked! – to see make the cut.
If there were only one such talent in the conversation this year, guessing Best Directing would be theoretically easy: Just put that name in the place of whomever seems like fifth in line for the DGA prize. (This year, I'm thinking that would be Payne.) But no-o-o-o! We have two writer/directors of foreign-language titles to consider: Glazer, whose film won Best Picture and Director from the LAFCA, and Triet, whose film won the Cannes Film Festival's Palme d'Or and Golden Globes for Foreign-Language Film and Screenplay – triumphing, in the latter category, over the four presumptive Best Picture favorites and Past Lives. So is it Glazer or Triet who gets in? Here's a radical suggestion: Why not both? I've been feeling for a while now that one of the more eyebrow-raising occurrences on Oscars morning will be Gerwig's absence from the Directing lineup based on factors that may or may not include jealousy, misogyny, habitual resistance to silliness, and the fact that, brilliant design aside, much of the movie's presentation resembles TV. And if, say, Glazer makes it in at the expense of Payne, at least the Academy's directing branch can momentarily ward off accusations of sexism if the voting body replaces Gerwig with Triet. Does that sound like a cynical rationale? It absolutely does. Knowing what we do about Hollywood, does it sound improbable? Perhaps not.
As always, there are plenty of additional options waiting in the wings – though I don't feel that Maestro's Bradley Cooper is a serious threat despite his CCA and Globe nods and BAFTA-longlist inclusion. The guy swept all those acknowledgments for the better-received A Star Is Born, too, and had no Best Directing citation at the Oscars to show for it. (Also, am I wrong, or am I sensing that Bradley is turning into the annual Oscar Villain whom no one really wants to reward for a particular project?) So be on the lookout for Past Lives' Celine Song, American Fiction's Cord Jefferson, Society of the Snow's J.A. Bayona, and perhaps most especially Haynes, who has forged a remarkable, singular, independent career over more than three decades yet has only been Oscar-recognized with a screenwriting nod for 2002's Far from Heaven. Dammit, Todd, it'll happen one of these days! Maybe just not on the day of January 23.
BEST ACTRESS
Lily Gladstone, Killers of the Flower Moon
Emma Stone, Poor Things
Margot Robbie, Barbie
Sandra Hüller, Anatomy of a Fall
Carey Mulligan, Maestro
Annette Bening, Nyad
Greta Lee, Past Lives
Fantastia Barrino, The Color Purple
My first two predictions feel set in (Emma and Lily Glad-)stone. Despite the Academy's notorious aversion to comedic performances, I also can't fathom a lineup that doesn't include Barbie's Barbie in the mix, and all three performers earned the quadfectra of SAG/GG/CCA/BAFTA-shortlist recognition. After that, things get dicey. Mulligan also scored the quadfectra, and her movie is definitely being promoted as The Carey-and-Bradley Show, with Carey, in a generous but somewhat nonsensical touch, even receiving top billing. But hers is still a sadly stereotypical “long-suffering wife” role that usually appears in the Supporting Actress race (and could've conceivably wound up there this year, too), and as good as Mulligan is toward the end when Felicia Montealegre is REDACTED, the character doesn't have the sort of agency the Best Actress category usually demands. Still, I'm hesitantly backing her. And while she didn't make the SAG roster, I can also see the Academy's increasingly international voting body choosing to reward Hüller, the NSFC and LAFCA champ (the latter in a tie with Stone) also cited for her role in The Zone of Interest, which is a Supporting Actress play at the Oscars. As amazing as Anatomy of a Fall is – it's my 2023 favorite – it would be a little perverse to acknowledge the movie for Best Picture, which I'm predicting will happen, without acknowledging one of the primary reasons it's up for Best Picture in the first place.
Wow … that's five! And I haven't brought up at least a half-dozen additional options – chief among them Annette Bening. She earned Globe and SAG nods, plus BAFTA-longlist consideration, which is great. But in the wake of Maestro and May December and Society of the Snow, Nyad feels like it arrived on Netflix about a zillion years ago, and the movie isn't really a credible threat in any races beyond the two female-performance-based ones. My hunch is that Nyad either scores nods for both of its stars, which it could easily do, or for neither, which seems possible based on the complete lack of interest (if not the weirdly vociferous hostility) I've been sensing via the never-reliable indicator of Oscars-themed Web chatter.
But remember last year? This is the category in which crazy, completely unpredictable things can happen! What wouldn't necessarily be insane is recognition for BAFTA's longlisted Lee (a Globe and CCA nominee) or Barrino (a Globe and SAG-ensemble nominee), nor Globe contenders Natalie Portman for May December and Cailee Spaeny for Priscilla. Here's who would make the Intensely Online lose their minds: Jessica Chastain for Memory. Teyana Taylor for A Thousand & One. Jennifer Lawrence for No Hard Feelings. (Don't laugh! She got Globe-cited and is a four-time previous Oscar nominee!) And Origin's Aunjanue Ellis-Taylor, a Supporting Actress contender two years ago for King Richard who has been amassing resplendent reviews and is being officially backed by Frances Fisher – you know, the Unofrgiven actress who started the word-of-mouth streamroller campaign for last year's Andrea Riseborough. The To Leslie star (in)famously did get nominated, but I doubt Fisher's voice will have similar impact this year, because her advocacy tactics almost resulted in Riseborough losing her nomination. (There was an official Academy investigation about it and everything.) I have no doubt that Ellis-Taylor is amazing in Ava DuVernay's film. But this year at least, she needed stronger advance recognition than Frances Fisher's.
BEST ACTOR
Cillian Murphy, Oppenheimer
Jeffrey Wright, American Fiction
Bradley Cooper, Maestro
Paul Giamatti, The Holdovers
Andrew Scott, All of Us Strangers
Colman Domingo, Rustin
Leonardo DiCaprio, Killers of the Flower Moon
Barry Keoghan, Saltburn
Damn those SAG nominations. After he received his inevitable nod for Flower Moon – the Screen Actors Guild's voting body having previously cited him for individual recognition six times over 16 years, including for Academy-ignored turns in The Departed and J. Edgar – I was ready to explain why DiCaprio was still going to be Oscars-slighted this season. Admittedly, I'm not a fan of his work in this movie. (I liked him even less during my recent return to the film on Apple+.) But I've communicated with a bunch of professional and non-professional actors on this subject, and no one I've contacted thinks he gave a good performance, or was even remotely well-cast, in Scorsese's latest. Leo's early lock on a Best Actor nomination was just blogger hype, dammit! Just like with De Niro in The Irishman! And then what happened? Even SAG found five guys to cite instead of DiCaprio. Wise choice, but still – crap. I had a killer opening paragraph all prepared for this category.
Moving forward, it feels like Globe winners Murphy and Giamatti are on totally safe ground, as is the phenomenal Wright for deserved we-should-have-recognized-you-sooner recognition. Cooper also feels like a done deal. But as suggested earlier, a snub here wouldn't completely surprise me, as it feels impossible to gauge just how beloved Maestro is with voters-at-large ... and if Cooper were as well-liked in Hollywood as it's easy to imagine, a Globe win for Best Actor would've been the first stop in an unstoppable march. That leaves us with Scott and Domingo as our fifth-contender options, and with DiCaprio (theoretically) out of the mix, I have to be happy about the prospect of at least one gay actor getting cited for a leading role as a gay character – which hasn't happened since Ian McKellen received a nod for Gods & Monsters a full quarter-century ago.
For sure, some straight dudes could show up to keep the category purely hetero: Keoghan; Napoleon's (or Beau Is Afraid's) Joaquin Phoenix; Ferrari's Adam Driver; Memory's Peter Sarsgaard. But those guys feel like the longest of longshots. I should probably be going with Domingo because he shares with the top four boldface names SAG/GG/CCA/BAFTA-shortlist status; because his historical drama is easily accessible on Netflix; and because, if you squint, you can actually forget that Rustin is about a Civil Rights leader who also happens to be gay. Though without yet having benefit of seeing his film – fingers crossed for the January 19 weekend! – I'm going out on a shaky limb and predicting Scott. His NSFC victory over runners-up Wright and Murphy makes that guess a little more sturdy, but I'm really choosing Scott because people who like All of Us Strangers appear to lo-o-o-ove it, and neither critics nor precursor organizations appear to have much love for Rustin. (A fiercely well-regarded, award-winning stage actor, Scott has also been a decade-long Internet Boyfriend thanks to his roles as Moriarty in the Benedict Cumberbatch Sherlocks and the definitive Hot Priest in Fleabag.) I should note, however, that if DiCaprio does make the lineup over both Scott and Colman, and if my Best Picture and Actress predictions do come to pass, this would mark the first year ever that all of the Oscars' leading-performer nominees hailed from adjoining Best Picture nominees. That would be historic. Still not reason enough to vote for Leo.
BEST SUPPORTING ACTRESS
Da'Vine Joy Randolph, The Holdovers
Danielle Brooks, The Color Purple
Penélope Cruz, Ferrari
Emily Blunt, Oppenheimer
Rosamund Pike, Saltburn
Jodie Foster, Nyad
Rachel McAdams, Are You There God? It's Me, Margaret.
Julianne Moore, May December
If you hear a weird sloshing sound while reading this, it's likely because I'm pouring one out for Rachel McAdams, who – apologies, Da'Vine Joy! – should be walking away with the Supporting Actress Oscar this year. But even though she ranks second to the Holdovers co-star in terms of pre-Oscars recognition, including dual recognition with Randolph for the LAFCA's gender-irrelevant Supporting Performance prize, McAdams wasn't cited by any of the four instrumental Oscars precursors. I'm really only keeping her as my second runner-up in hopes of an Oscar-nomination-morning miracle à la Roma's Marina de Tavira. But de Tavira was cited for a Best Picture frontrunner. McAdams is fronting a film with no other obvious Oscar hopes (barring a way-outside Adapted Screenplay bid) whose subject matter will make roughly half the voting body queasy, if they bother to watch it at all. So here's to you, Rachel! I'm enjoying a Bloody Mary in your honor!
That being said, when I mention that McAdams has the second-most prizes behind Randolph, that's true. But here's what's also true: As of this writing, McAdams has five, and Randolph has three dozen, including wins from the Globes and the rare trifecta of NYFC/LAFCA/NSFC victories usually reserved for the likes of Cate Blanchett in TÁR. It didn't play out for Cate, but Da'Vine is absolutely winning this Oscar; don't be a hero by predicting otherwise. Who, then, gets to act as her bridesmaids?
Three other performers have joined Randolph among SAG/GG/CCA/BAFTA-shortlist honorees. I'm predicting two of them. Only the movie's steep box-office decline could possibly keep Brooks from acknowledgment, and with major reservations, I'm also going with Blunt. Truthfully, I should have zero reservations: it's a long-suffering-wife role in the Best Picture frontrunner whose portrayer should've been a first-time nominee years before now. I'd feel more confident, though, about Blunt's presumably inevitable recognition had she won a single precursor award, and if I could remember even one moment from her Oppenheimer performance. (If memory serves, she was kinda drunk and antagonistic toward the end … ?) Yet Randolph's, Brooks', and Blunt's fellow quadfecta cohort Foster might not be so lucky, if only, again, because Nyad feels like it happened roughly a decade ago. Instead, let's go with fresher options in SAG nominee Cruz and Globe nominee Pike, whose performances stand out even if – maybe especially if – you're not a fan of their films. And regarding additional options, keep in mind Barbie's CCA nominee America Ferrara, The Zone of Interest's Sandra Hüller, The Color Purple's Taraji P. Henson, All of Us Strangers' Claire Foy, and Killers of the Flower Moon's Cara Jade Myers. I may have appreciated Leo even less on a second viewing, but those few, stunning minutes spent with Myers made me think she could totally crash the Supporting Actress party.
BEST SUPPORTING ACTOR
Robert Downey Jr., Oppenheimer
Ryan Gosling, Barbie
Willem Dafoe, Poor Things
Mark Ruffalo, Poor Things
Robert De Niro, Killers of the Flower Moon
Sterling K. Brown, American Fiction
Dominic Sessa, The Holdovers
Charles Melton, May December
In early October, I e-mailed very-early Oscar predictions to a friend with the boldface names above in roughly the same order, and asked him, “This thing can't possibly be as locked-and-loaded as it appears to be, right?!” Turns out, more than three months later … yeah, it maybe can.
Globe winner Downey, Gosling, and De Niro all nabbed the four-fer of SAG/GG/CCA/BAFTA-shortlist recognition, and the only reason De Niro is my fifth guess rather than my third is because it's easy to imagine voters thinking he's been rewarded enough since his first Oscar nod, and win, one year shy of a half-century ago. Dafoe missed with the CCA and BAFTA, but his making the roster over the presumably more-favored Ruffalo at SAG suggests he's on safe ground. As for Ruffalo himself? He only missed with SAG, has a trio of regional-critics' prizes behind him (as opposed to Dafoe's zero), and his last Oscar nod – for 2015's Spotlight – also came for a performance ignored by SAG and the Globes. So yeah: These five feel right. They also inspire a mild sense of déjà vu in this category, as it was only four years ago that the Best Supporting Actor lineup – as this one would be – was composed entirely of previous nominees with healthy nomination tallies among them. That previous race boasted five performers with (at the time) 27 nominations under their belts, plus five wins. This one, if my boldface predictions come to fruition, would boast five with 23 collective nods and two prior victories. And as good as he is, two-time winner De Niro ain't winning this year, so cool for whomever does get the prize! (Cough! Downey!) But does anyone else have a shot? Absolutely.
Although my e-mailed buddy is essentially getting a reprise of my early-October predictions, there has been, and continues to be, a bit of waffling going on. Given his wins with the NYFCC and NSFC, to say nothing of his Gotham Award victory in that group's gender-irrelevant Supporting Performer category, I thought until last week that Melton was a surefire contender. Then he missed with SAG and BAFTA – the two awards bodies whose voters actually have overlap with those of the motion-picture Academy – and I remembered how frequently inhospitable the Oscars can be toward gorgeous young performers making their cinematic breakouts. (Just ask Black Swan's Mila Kunis, The Social Network's Andrew Garfield, and The Descendants' Shailene Woodley how their Oscar-night plans turned out – and voters actually liked those movies!) An evident exception was made last year for Aftersun's Paul Mescal, and I considered him for inclusion here until it became apparent that his and Andrew Scott's fantastical gay love story All of Us Strangers wasn't being embraced by critics the way Sony Pictures Classics undoubtedly hoped. (Mescal and co-star Jamie Bell, however, are still on BAFTA's longlist.) In their place, I'm currently citing SAG and CCA nominee Brown and The Holdovers' wouldn't-it-be-awkward-if-we-ignored-him? Sessa for runners-up status alongside Melton, acknowledging that other talents – principally Past Lives' John Magaro, Oppenheimer's Matt Damon, and any number of Air boys – might also be in the mix.
BEST ORIGINAL SCREENPLAY
The Holdovers, David Hemingson
Past Lives, Celine Song
Anatomy of a Fall, Justine Triet, Arthur Harari
Asteroid City, Wes Anderson, Roman Coppola
Air, Alex Convery
Maestro, Bradley Cooper, Josh Singer
May December, Samy Burch, Alex Mechanik
Saltburn, Emerald Fennell
Although Barbie lobbied to be deemed an original screenplay, it was eventually decided, in a surprising/not-surprising Academy decision, to be an adapted work instead. (Come on! You must remember that entry in the Barbie book series where the doll met her creator and decided to abolish patriarchy and yearned to be a real-life woman with a gynecologist!) That sucks for anyone – including, maybe most urgently, ABC and the televised ceremony's producers – hoping the night would open with both Barbenheimer efforts winning Oscars in competing writing categories. But the decision at least opens the door to under-acknowledged scripts potentially making the Original lineup. And because I can't yet decide whether voters, as a whole, might dislike Maestro or May December more, I'm predicting two capital-A titles that might not receive any recognition elsewhere, primarily in the hopes that I might get one out of two right. If voters are feeling really adventurous, maybe Saltburn or The Iron Claw sneaks in. Regardless of what transpires, most Oscars seasons are either strongly Original or strongly Adapted, and among this year's crop of contenders, the Original Screenplay field for 2023 looks uncharacteristically lacking. Not in quality, mind you; just quantity.
BEST ADAPTED SCREENPLAY
Barbie, Greta Gerwig, Noah Baumbach
American Fiction, Cord Jefferson
Killers of the Flower Moon, Eric Roth, Martin Scorsese
Oppenheimer, Christopher Nolan
Poor Things, Tony McNamara
All of Us Strangers, David Haigh
The Zone of Interest, Jonathan Glazer
Are You There God? It's Me, Margaret., Kelly Fremon Craig
Once Barbie entered this race, it became boring as hell. Bully for all of my predicted nominees. I like all of their scripts. I would've liked this category's lineup better with a wild card thrown in. As it stands, this is my only predicted category in which I would be shocked if an outier snuck its way in, the maybes including the screenplays for the above-mentioned runners-up (Strangers and Zone stll unseen by me), as well as Spider-Man: Across the Spider-Verse, Society of the Snow, Priscilla … or even (other) titles I haven't yet viewed, such as The Taste of Things and Origin, the latter of which also had its hopes for Original consideration pooh-poohed by the Academy. This goes on every year. Speaking as a writer, is it maybe time for a third category devoted to screenwriters? A “based on stuff you might know but not strictly adapted from source material” kind of thing? Because if there were, that category this year could easily boast contenders including Barbie, Origin, Air, Maestro, Napoleon, The Iron Claw, and, yes, the supremely deserving John Wick 4, among additional titles. I'm not one who usually argues for the lengthening of awards ceremonies … but maybe in this case, I am.
BEST ORIGINAL SONG
Barbie, “What Was I Made For?”
Barbie, “I'm Just Ken”
Rustin, “Road to Freedom”
Flamin' Hot, “The Fire Inside”
Flora & Son, “Meet in the Middle”
American Symphony, “It Never Went Away”
Past Lives, “Quiet Eyes”
Barbie, “Dance the Night”
Academy rules no longer allow more than two songs from a single film to be cited here, so I'm only including Dua Lipa's hit “Dance the Night” as a runner-up in case voters don't cotton to “I'm Just Ken.” But I don't think that'll happen. And while Billie Eilish's “What Was I Made For?” seems as certain a winner in this category as we've had since … well, since last year's RRR champ, I'm also currently predicting Lenny Kravitz's Rustin anthem, one of two long-listed songs from the John Carney musical Flora & Son (Once's signature tune won the Oscar and a Begin Again number was nominated), and a composition by Diane Warren. Because she always gets nominated. As a longtime Oscars-completist, Academy, I'm begging you: Don't force me to watch Flamin' Hot.
BEST ANIMATED FEATURE
Spider-Man: Across the Spider-Verse
The Boy & the Heron
Elemental
Nimona
Suzume
Robot Dreams
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Mutant Mayhem
Chicken Run: Dawn of the Nugget
My only true wish? The absence of Wish.
BEST INTERNATIONAL FEATURE FILM
The Zone of Interest, United Kingdom
Society of the Snow, Spain
The Taste of Things, France
Fallen Leaves, Finland
20 Days in Mariupol, Ukraine
Perfect Days, Japan
Tótem, Mexico
The Teachers' Lounge, Germany
BEST DOCUMENTARY FEATURE FILM
Beyond Utopia
20 Days in Mariupol
American Symphony
Four Daughters
The Eternal Memory
A Still Small Voice
Apolonia, Apolonia
Still: A Michael J. Fox Movie
BEST CINEMATOGRAPHY
Oppenheimer
Killers of the Flower Moon
Poor Things
Maestro
El Conde
The Zone of Interest
Saltburn
Napoleon
BEST FILM EDITING
Oppenheimer
Killers of the Flower Moon
Poor Things
Anatomy of a Fall
Barbie
The Holdovers
Maestro
Ferrari
BEST PRODUCTION DESIGN
Barbie
Poor Things
Killers of the Flower Moon
Oppenheimer
Asteroid City
Napoleon
Wonka
Saltburn
BEST COSTUME DESIGN
Barbie
Poor Things
Killers of the Flower Moon
Napoleon
Maestro
The Color Purple
Wonka
Priscilla
BEST SOUND
Oppenheimer
Ferrari
Maestro
Killers of the Flower Moon
The Zone of Interest
Napoleon
The Creator
Barbie
BEST ORIGINAL SCORE
Oppenheimer
Killers of the Flower Moon
Indiana Jones & the Dial of Destiny
The Zone of Interest
The Boy & the Heron
Society of the Snow
Spider-Man: Across the Spider-Verse
Elemental
BEST VISUAL EFFECTS
The Creator
Poor Things
Godzilla Minus One
Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3
Indiana Jones & the Dial of Destiny
Napoleon
Society of the Snow
Mission: Impossible – Dead Reckoning Part One
BEST MAKEUP & HAIRSTYLING
Maestro
Golda
Poor Things
Society of the Snow
Oppenheimer
The Last Voyage of the Demeter
Killers of the Flower Moon
|
||||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
2
| 97
|
https://observer.com/2005/07/antony-shers-primo-levi-can-the-holocaust-be-staged/
|
en
|
Antony Sher’s Primo Levi: Can the Holocaust Be Staged?
|
[
"https://observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/images/observer-logo-2015.png",
"http://observer-media.go-vip.net/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2011/06/072005_article_heilpern.jpg?w=241&h=300",
"https://observer.com/wp-content/themes/newyorkobserver-2014/images/observer-logo-2015.png",
"https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=37161820&cv=3.6.0&cj=1",
"https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=618909876214345&ev=PageView&noscript=1"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"John Heilpern",
"observer.com",
"john-heilpern"
] |
2005-07-25T04:00:00
|
I feel conflicted about writing a review of Antony Sher’s embodiment of the Auschwitz survivor Primo Levi in Primo, although Sir Antony’s achievement is very fine, magnificent even, restrained, important, honest and uncorrupted.
|
en
|
Observer
|
https://observer.com/2005/07/antony-shers-primo-levi-can-the-holocaust-be-staged/
|
I feel conflicted about writing a review of Antony Sher’s embodiment of the Auschwitz survivor Primo Levi in Primo, although Sir Antony’s achievement is very fine, magnificent even, restrained, important, honest and uncorrupted.
Sign Up For Our Daily Newsletter
Thank you for signing up!
By clicking submit, you agree to our <a href="http://observermedia.com/terms">terms of service</a> and acknowledge we may use your information to send you emails, product samples, and promotions on this website and other properties. You can opt out anytime.
See all of our newsletters
An actor, however great, relating the horrors of the death camps on Broadway is nothing I relish seeing. I can’t even accept that the Holocaust should be represented onstage or film. The awful, feel-good sentimentality of The Diary of Anne Frank isn’t for anyone with any sense. (She’s in the attic!) For me, the adorable Roberto Benigni’s Life Is Beautiful, with its uplifting happy end, is, unwatchable—and worse, a moral disgrace.
However popular the numerous, award-winning TV concentration-camp dramas of the week might be, I see them as an obscenity interrupted by commercial breaks. However “sincere” Steven Spielberg’s co-option of the Holocaust is in the name of “remembering,” I walked out of Schindler’s List unable to take his sanctimonious Schindler, the Righteous Christian as Savior, and the Hollywood fakery of it all.
“Take One!” “It’s a wrap!” “Good job everyone!” “That’s an Academy Award–winning performance right there!”
Without Mr. Spielberg—it has been commonly said—an entire generation of young Americans would never have heard of the Holocaust. A quick test: What do any of you remember about Schindler’s List?
Anything? It’s coming back now … a little, perhaps. The plot—vaguely. Liam Neeson was in it. The shooting scene was good. Powerful. Hit home. But what was it actually about? And if our memories are a bit shaky about the movie, what about the real godless thing?
In any event, what have these Spielberg-educated Americans really learned? What do they know?
They—we, almost all of us—can know next to nothing about the death camps. We who were not there can never know. Primo Levi knew the truth, and he spoke the truth, but he was history’s witness who also wrote uncompromisingly in his great books how history itself has become so simplified in the need to make life clear-cut by dramatizing the Holocaust that the outcome is its inevitable trivialization.
Levi wrote sternly in his last book, his masterpiece The Drowned and the Saved: “Anyone who today reads (or writes) the history of the Lager reveals the tendency, indeed the need, to separate evil from good, to be able to take sides, to emulate Christ’s gesture on Judgment Day: here the righteous, over there the reprobates. The young above all demand clarity, a sharp cut; their experience of the world being meager, they do not like ambiguity …. ”
Who is the drowned, who the saved? Was the survivor Primo Levi truly saved? He was presumed to have committed suicide at 67. What sorrow that man must have drowned in all his life, condemned to bear witness to the unimaginable.
Is it true, as Elie Wiesel says of Levi’s presumed suicide, that “Primo Levi died at Auschwitz forty years later”? And yet he lived to tell the world. There were no witnesses; he left no note. He plunged to his death off his balcony. But he was known to have been suffering from dizzy spells. The balcony rail was low. What if his death was a horrible accident? And what cruel joke of history is that? God’s joke on the world’s survivor.
But suppose Levi killed himself because life—mundane life, the pain of simply being alive—was in the end too much for him? What then? Could he never be just unhappily, depressively “normal”? The image lets us down somehow, as life lets us down.
The high-minded intellectuals with their nice clean hands who blame Levi for his apparent “suicide” are one of life’s tragic absurdities—the evil of banality. His death to them mocked their own cliché of the survivor’s manual: the Transcendence of the Human Spirit. “Good” was vanquished by its own hand. The Nazis won!
But if you were Jean Améry, the Austrian philosopher and resistance fighter who was tortured by the Gestapo—and is quoted by Levi in The Drowned and the Saved—the Nazis did win:
“Anyone who is tortured remains tortured …. Anyone who has suffered torture never again will be able to be at ease in the world, the abomination of the annihilation is never extinguished. Faith in humanity, already cracked by the first slap in the face, then demolished by torture, is never acquired again.”
Levi noted, “Torture was for him an interminable death.” Améry killed himself some 30 years later.
Perhaps Antony Sher sympathizes with some of my points about “staging” the Holocaust and the swirling confusions about the meaning of Levi’s life and death. I’m relieved to report that Mr. Sher has said how he believes it’s impossible to put Auschwitz on stage or film in any conventional sense. The convention is to reproduce and imitate the death camps. That’s the last thing he does.
He has adapted Levi’s first essential book, his 1947 If This Is a Man (better known here as Survival in Auschwitz), and taken as his model Claude Lanzmann’s great documentary, Shoah. It is the greatest of all Holocaust documentaries precisely because it avoids all newsreels of the camps and therefore all stock responses. His middle-aged witnesses relate their stories, and to our disbelief and horror we hear them as if for the first time.
So Mr. Sher appears as the survivor Primo Levi, bearded and middle-aged, to tell the story of Auschwitz. I’ve seen this leading British actor a number of times over the years, and this is the best performance he has ever given. There have been times when, being no fool, he knows how to lay it on (his amazing Richard III whizzing about the stage on crutches; his unquiet Macbeth). But in Primo, he achieves an acting miracle by not seeming to act.
He is acting, of course. He’s on a stage. We’re in the audience. But he does not perform. The singular achievement of Mr. Sher’s commitment to the awesome integrity of Primo Levi is also Primo’s flaw. It cannot be otherwise.
Levi was a scientist, and the scrupulous, unsentimentalized detail of his Survival in Auschwitz is clinical and innately “untheatrical.” Primo is no conventional drama or show.
“To destroy a man is difficult, almost as difficult as to create one,” Mr. Sher’s Levi tells us. “It has not been easy or quick, but the Germans have succeeded.”
This great actor delivers that astonishing line unemotionally, almost matter-of-factly. And yet it is surely one of the most horrifying statements we could ever hear.
|
|||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 95
|
https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/movies/2018/01/21/screen-actors-guild-awards-2018-minute-minute/1047740001/
|
en
|
Screen Actors Guild Awards 2018: 'Three Billboards' wins three honors, including best cast
|
[
"https://media.gannett-cdn.com/29906170001/29906170001_5716345028001_5716327358001-vs.jpg?pubId=29906170001",
"https://www.gannett-cdn.com/appservices/universal-web/universal/icons/icon-play-alt-white.svg",
"https://www.gannett-cdn.com/appservices/universal-web/universal/icons/icon-instagram_24.png"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Brian Truitt, USA TODAY",
"Brian Truitt"
] |
2018-01-21T00:00:00
|
'Three Billboards' leads the movie field, while 'Big Little Lies,' 'Stranger Things' and 'GLOW' pace the TV pack.
|
en
|
USA TODAY
|
https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/movies/2018/01/21/screen-actors-guild-awards-2018-minute-minute/1047740001/
|
The dark comedy Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri continues to post more victories on the way to the Oscars, with three more trophies coming Sunday night at the 24th Screen Actors Guild Awards in Los Angeles.
The film took the event's top honor — best cast in a motion picture, the SAG equivalent of a best-picture category — plus lead female actor for Frances McDormand and male supporting actor for Sam Rockwell. Gary Oldman took lead male actor for Darkest Hour, while I, Tonya star Allison Janney was named outstanding female actor in a supporting role.
Among the major TV categories, the HBO limited series Big Little Lies notched a couple of wins for Nicole Kidman and Alexander Skarsgård, Veep took best cast in a comedy and This Is Us was victorious as outstanding drama ensemble. There was also a little history made: This Is Us' Sterling K. Brown became the first African-American actor to win male actor in a drama, while Julia Louis-Dreyfus, who notched two wins, broke the record for most SAG honors for a single actor. (Julianna Margulies and Alec Baldwin each have eight.)
In preshow awards, Wonder Woman won best stunt ensemble for a movie while HBO's Game of Thrones received the honor for stunt ensemble in a TV show.
More: Screen Actors Guild Awards 2018: The winners' list
More: Julia Louis-Dreyfus watched her historic 'Veep' SAG Award wins from home in her pajamas
Here's a minute-by-minute (ET) breakdown:
10:02: The biggest prize of the night, best cast in a motion picture, goes to Three Billboards.
9:58: Three Billboards' Frances McDormand storms the stage to accept for female actor in a motion picture. She calls out the importance of representation and serving the work, calling out director Martin McDonagh for writing "a tsunami" and letting "his crew of actors surf it into shore."
9:47: Gary Oldman of Darkest Hour continues a stellar run through awards season by winning best male actor in a motion picture. "I've become very emotional," Oldman says. "I am honestly and truly thrilled and overjoyed to be in this room tonight, not only with may amazing fellow nominees but my friends and peers."
More: SAG Awards 2018: Hollywood (mostly) leaves the 'Me Too' discussion behind
More: SAG Awards 2018: Time's Up quotes overheard on the red carpet
9:44: NBC's tearjerking This Is Us is named best cast in a drama. Milo Ventimiglia thanks writers, the crew, casting directors and "people that watch with us every Tuesday night and embrace a show that reflects positivity and inclusion."
9:32: Claire Foy wins for female actor in a drama for The Crown, upsetting Elisabeth Moss of The Handmaid's Tale.
9:22: Olivia Munn and Niecy Nash do a whole comedy bit before presenting male actor in a drama ... which goes to Sterling K. Brown of This Is Us. "What a blessing it is to do what you love for a living," says a tearful Brown, the first African-American actor to win the SAG category. "People call (actors) weird and strange. Everybody's weird and strange. We just embrace ourselves for who we are." He also thanks his "white family, which is nothing like the white family of Get Out."
9:12: Matching a ball cap with his tux, Freeman accepts his award and banters with presenter Rita Moreno. "These movies in one's life usually call for an entire litany of 'thank you's. I can't do that because I don't know all your names. So I won't try," Freeman deadpans. "This is beyond honor. This is a place in history."
9:04: Moreno hits the stage to present the recipient for this year's life-achievement award, Morgan Freeman — four years after he presented the same honor to her. "The stars aligned and here we are," says Moreno, who first worked with Freeman nearly 50 years ago on The Electric Company. She recalls the time she was playing a bratty girl and Freeman was Dracula: "This was educational programming at its finest." Moreno honors his philanthropic efforts and calls him "a national treasure."
8:53: Big Little Lies gets its second honor of the night with Nicole Kidman getting female actor in a limited series. "This means a lot to me," says Kidman, who's been acting since she was 14. "This is reality colliding with fantasy right now. To receive this at this stage of my life is extraordinary." She pays tribute to Jessica Lange, Susan Sarandon, Meryl Streep and others for the "trailblazing performances you've given. ... Twenty years ago we were pretty washed up by this age. That's not true anymore."
More: Millie Bobby Brown's Converse sneakers were the SAG Awards' best accessory
More: William H. Macy backstage at the SAG Awards: 'It's hard to be a man these days'
8:42: Male actor in a TV limited series or movie goes to Big Little Lies' Alexander Skarsgård. "A lot of people have been talking about the greatest male actor ever: Is it Robert De Niro or the tall dude from True Blood? The thespians have spoken," he quips, mentioning the legend also in his category before admitting he's "shocked and humbled" by the win.
8:33: Sam Rockwell bro-kisses Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri co-star (and fellow nominee) Woody Harrelson on the way to accepting male actor in a supporting role. "This is awesome," Rockwell says, shouting out another "powerhouse" co-star, Frances McDormand: "I'm in awe of you and I stand shoulder-to-shoulder with you and all the incredible women in this room trying to make things better. It's long overdue."
8:27: Allison Janney continues to rule awards season by adding female actor in a supporting role to her Golden Globe and Critics' Choice honors for I, Tonya. She says co-star Margot Robbie is a fearless "rock star" and thanks her entire acting company "that made magic."
8:17: Veep follows up Louis-Dreyfus' win by snagging best comedy ensemble. "We do sincerely love that you gave us this wonderful Grammy, so thank you," jokes star Matt Walsh.
More: Nicole Kidman celebrates actresses over 40 at SAGs: '20 years ago (we'd be) pretty washed up'
More: SAG Awards 2018 best dressed: Margot Robbie, Millie Bobby Brown and more
8:12: Julia Louis-Dreyfus takes female actor in a TV comedy for Veep — her fifth win in the category — but isn't at the show. "Julia, we're thinking of you," says Connie Britton, accepting the award for Louis-Dreyfus, who recently underwent treatment for breast cancer.
8:08: William H. Macy of Shameless wins the first trophy of the night, for male actor in a TV comedy. He talks about acting getting to the truth and it being important at time when "so many people can't recognize the truth or don't think it's important."
8:03: Host Kristen Bell calls herself "the first lady" — since she's the first host. She calls out the cast of Get Out, a "walking reminder that if you say yes to the Tea Party, you're automatically on the way to the Sunken Place." She admits that everyone's story needs to be told, even "the sea monster" of The Shape of Water, and gets serious when talking about the issues of the day: "Fear and anger never win the race."
|
|||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
3
| 22
|
https://tv.apple.com/us/person/antony-sher/umc.cpc.4v26fh3xc44kli4nq50d0tsrg
|
en
|
Antony Sher Movies and Shows
|
[
"https://tv.apple.com/assets/artwork/1x1.gif",
"https://tv.apple.com/assets/artwork/1x1.gif",
"https://tv.apple.com/assets/artwork/1x1.gif",
"https://tv.apple.com/assets/artwork/1x1.gif",
"https://tv.apple.com/assets/artwork/1x1.gif",
"https://tv.apple.com/assets/artwork/1x1.gif",
"https://tv.apple.com/assets/artwork/1x1.gif"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null |
Learn about Antony Sher on Apple TV. Browse shows and movies that feature Antony Sher including Her Majesty, Mrs. Brown, Erik the Viking, and more.
|
en
|
/assets/favicon/apple-touch-icon-9a18d92f405f4cba68b503b186df5f5b.png
|
Apple TV
|
https://tv.apple.com/us/person/antony-sher/umc.cpc.4v26fh3xc44kli4nq50d0tsrg
|
The South African-born, openly gay and Jewish Sher was a child prodigy in art. Because he was shy as a lad, he was sent for elocution lessons which lead to his desire to be an actor. After compulsory military service (which he spent mostly painting portraits of the officers), Sher moved to Great Britain. Turned down by most of the drama schools, the actor has been known to paraphrase his rejection from RADA: "Not only have you failed in the audition and we do not want you to try again, but we seriously recommend that you think about a different profession." Eventually, Sher was accepted at the Webber-Douglas Academy. After working at the Everyman Theatre in Liverpool, he made his London stage debut in Willy Russell's "John, Paul, George, Ringo and Bert." In took nearly a decade, though, for Sher to really break out, beginning with his performance in Mike Leigh's "Goosepimples" in 1981 and the TV series "The History Man" in 1982. Later that year, he won attention as the Fool to Michael Gambon's "King Lear."1985 proved to be a banner year for the actor. With his dark curly hair and atypical looks, Sher was cast as Shakespeare's "Richard III." Trying to find a new approach to the role, he chose to interpret Richard as a "spider on crutches." His aggressive, diabolical performance earned widespread critical praise and numerous British stage awards. Later that year, Sher solidified his status as a rising actor as the drag queen hero in Harvey Fierstein's "Torch Song Trilogy." Tackling roles as varied as Shylock in "The Merchant of Venice" to a South African in Athol Fugard's "Hello and Goodbye" to a tycoon in "Singer," he has consistently won praise. His portrayal of the eccentric British painter Stanley Spencer in Pam Gems' "Stanley" earned him further acclaim and led to his belated Broadway debut in 1997. (His own artistic background informed his characterization.)John Schlesinger gave Sher his first screen role, a bit part as soldier, in "Yanks" (1979). Sher co-wrote and starred in "Mark Gertler Fragments of a Biography" in 1981, about a member of the Bloomsbury set. "Shadey" (1985; released in the USA in 1987), an uneven black comedy, offered Sher the meaty title role of a London mechanic who wants nothing more than a sex change. Critics were divided over his performance; some felt the actor was miscast, while others acclaimed the theatricality of his work. He fared much better in two films playing therapists: as the psychiatrist who treats a youthful serial killer in Ben Ross' "The Young Poisoner's Handbook" and as an AIDS counselor who falls in love with an HIV-positive ballet dancer in "Alive and Kicking/Indian Summer" (1996; released in the USA in 1997). Sher also was the British Prime Minister Disraeli to Judy Dench's Queen Victoria in the offbeat story of the purported relationship between the widowed monarch and a Scottish commoner in "Mrs. Brown" and was cast as the Chief Weasel in Terry Jones' film version of "The Wind in the Willows" (both 1997). In addition to his stage and film roles, Sher has made occasional TV appearances, notably in the title role of "Genghis Cohn" (BBC, 1993; A&E 1994), the ghost of a Jewish comic killed in a concentration camp who returns to haunt the SS officer responsible for his death. He has also written several novels and has published performance diaries and a book of paintings and drawings. Antony Sher died in late 2021 at the age of 72.
|
||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
0
| 77
|
https://en.geneastar.org/genealogy/arkinalan/alan-arkin
|
en
|
Family tree of Alan Arkin
|
[
"https://geneacdn.net/bundles/geneanetgeneastar/images/celebrites/200px/arkinalan.jpg",
"https://geneacdn.net/public/img/flags/16px/USA.png",
"https://geneacdn.net/bundles/geneanetgeneastar/images/icon_star_avatar_male.svg",
"https://geneacdn.net/bundles/geneanetgeneastar/images/icon_star_avatar_female.svg",
"https://geneacdn.net/bundles/geneanetgeneastar/images/icon_star_avatar_male.svg",
"https://geneacdn.net/bundles/geneanetgeneastar/images/icon_star_avatar_female.svg",
"https://geneacdn.net/bundles/geneanetgeneastar/images/icon_star_avatar_male.svg",
"https://geneacdn.net/bundles/geneanetgeneastar/images/icon_star_avatar_female.svg",
"https://geneacdn.net/bundles/geneanetgeneastar/images/celebrites/200px/arkinalan.jpg",
"https://geneacdn.net/bundles/geneanetgeneastar/images/icon_star_loupe.svg",
"https://geneacdn.net/bundles/geneanetgeneastar/images/icon_star_loupe.svg",
"https://geneacdn.net/bundles/geneanetgeneastar/images/celebrites/200px/horowitzwin.jpg",
"https://geneacdn.net/bundles/geneanetgeneastar/images/icon_star_loupe.svg",
"https://geneacdn.net/bundles/geneanetgeneastar/images/celebrites/200px/argentoaria.jpg",
"https://geneacdn.net/bundles/geneanetgeneastar/images/icon_star_loupe.svg",
"https://geneacdn.net/bundles/geneanetgeneastar/images/celebrites/200px/tarantinoqu.jpg",
"https://geneacdn.net/bundles/geneanetgeneastar/images/icon_star_loupe.svg",
"https://geneacdn.net/bundles/geneanetgeneastar/images/celebrites/200px/seagalsteve.jpg",
"https://geneacdn.net/bundles/geneanetgeneastar/images/icon_star_loupe.svg",
"https://geneacdn.net/bundles/geneanetgeneastar/images/celebrites/200px/hensonjames.jpg",
"https://geneacdn.net/bundles/geneanetgeneastar/images/icon_star_loupe.svg",
"https://geneacdn.net/bundles/geneanetgeneastar/images/celebrites/200px/dolantadros.jpg",
"https://geneacdn.net/bundles/geneanetgeneastar/images/icon_star_loupe.svg",
"https://geneacdn.net/bundles/geneanetgeneastar/images/icon_star_voirplus.svg",
"https://geneacdn.net/bundles/geneanetgeneastar/images/icon_star_voirplus_hover.svg"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null |
Alan Wolf Arkin (March 26, 1934 – June 29, 2023) was an American actor and filmmaker. In a career spanning seven decades, he received numerous accolades, including an Academy Award, a BAFTA Award, a Golden Globe Award, and a Tony Award as well as nominations for six Emmy Awards.
Arkin performed in the sketch comedy group The Second City before acting on the Broadway stage, starring as David Kolowitz in the Joseph Stein play Enter Laughing in 1963, for which he won the Tony Award for Best Featured Actor in a Play. He returned to Broadway acting in the comedic play Luv (1964), and directed Neil Simon's The Sunshine Boys (1971), for which he received a Tony Award nomination.
Arkin won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his role as a foul-mouthed grandfather in Little Miss Sunshine (2006). He was Oscar-nominated for his roles in Russians Are Coming (1966), The Heart is a Lonely Hunter (1968), and Argo (2012). He
|
en
|
https://geneacdn.net/bundles/geneanetgeneastar/images/favicon.ico
|
Geneanet
|
https://en.geneastar.org/genealogy/arkinalan/alan-arkin
|
Actor, Director
Born Alan Arkin
American actor, director and screenwriter
Born on March 26, 1934 in New York City, New York , United States
Died on June 29, 2023 in San Marcos, California , United States
This form allows you to report an error or to submit additional information about this family tree: Alan ARKIN (1934)
|
||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
3
| 59
|
https://www.irishnews.com/magazine/entertainment/2021/12/04/news/charles-sir-antony-sher-was-a-giant-of-the-stage-at-the-height-of-his-genius--2526737/
|
en
|
Charles: Sir Antony Sher was ‘a giant of the stage at the height of his genius’
|
[
"https://static.themebuilder.aws.arc.pub/irishnews/1708593126845.png",
"https://www.irishnews.com/resizer/v2/H7YPCRGII5JXVEMSP3J6KAYTN4.jpg?smart=true&auth=b55125a2b6512b31b545abc17a61107486ec1c6600e2b0d4328ea0bac144d588&width=4375&height=2460",
"https://www.irishnews.com/resizer/v2/NZ2C23TWUJNXFKJXNB3EMCXKIM.jpg?smart=true&auth=085f908291cb7259106b8ec1480a2ff3edd98cce9a29666c5d2e8a44464a7f98&width=800&height=450",
"https://www.irishnews.com/resizer/v2/EUBPP2KO5BKNNIB27HKLASQI5Q.jpg?smart=true&auth=4edefaee5f344e0b18006c3774cebb64efc55e599a008b88db220002d986a448&width=800&height=450",
"https://www.irishnews.com/resizer/v2/I7IUIE6FCNMUFNEU66XHGLXSTY.jpg?auth=7146018c7a0336df744d77f76d595f1c4b9166828ea7e2ea14a4b636a1aebe0c&width=800&height=1146",
"https://www.irishnews.com/resizer/v2/LPGNTMRI65IGRGWOCKRHNSJ4FA.jpg?auth=94588c586933ecf9f2d5e7832922b02886a91f5f3ffb6ffce2bf0b68716ede37&width=800&height=800",
"https://www.irishnews.com/resizer/v2/52M6WMF6QVIOPKXZTTJFXWOJE4.jpg?smart=true&auth=b3f31aa87f2101025850e45fd23ef62c2a7587fb54049181a424a1f33a84344c&width=800&height=533",
"https://www.irishnews.com/resizer/v2/KOGAA5ELKJOXNNNCBEKA2JEN5I.jpg?smart=true&auth=72ee4ec3009fe20c535f5aca46ec1c14328dee232b7ebbf8ec4d7299a5529e69&width=800&height=533",
"https://www.irishnews.com/resizer/v2/IZORHNHK4VCWRLXQTKUVZXX2SM.jpg?smart=true&auth=a5a1e627734297b90a9eb25684ed68426b78f8d6ba0bfc570312f90672cc8f00&width=800&height=533",
"https://www.irishnews.com/resizer/v2/C2YVZBY54VMKDBICXDBBONFFIM.jpg?smart=true&auth=0a46accd398e666f2e3a6ae9c88f32f60f83bfd0654db44c365421a19b01c908&width=800&height=533",
"https://www.irishnews.com/resizer/v2/HMP7NB5WUNEG3DS5CZSIXB52QI.jpg?smart=true&auth=891fb0a6f8dcc46e11219c61997c168f8b0580a272e7d7c901192309b8c0b2f0&width=800&height=533",
"https://www.irishnews.com/resizer/v2/BEIOB7AJNFAQXH7PK5UEYQGHPI.png?smart=true&auth=656486e9759516520f31de4c445c93217cc1cf0657b018147a10ae412405ed5f&width=800&height=533",
"https://www.irishnews.com/resizer/v2/BCWXDYZDZ5DLVBVP7T3CFGSIVA.jpg?smart=true&auth=bc87980fd9c5d0f33970d33107981d6686a66e78e607f531d3d2c89078674303&width=274&height=182",
"https://www.irishnews.com/resizer/v2/NQTDC7BGDJFYDGOLYNVZCMBPSQ.jpg?smart=true&auth=8bc447011830d36b3a72baaac56154b917e0b3486317ceeeec8b97f0c33e2295&width=274&height=182",
"https://www.irishnews.com/resizer/v2/PWM3GFF2L5JWHN6OOBY3SJ5D3A.jpg?smart=true&auth=568302d83f4c183a74040af2911326898d3221f83abdaf5a1b2c9282141541ea&width=274&height=182",
"https://www.irishnews.com/resizer/v2/P42NKC7XPNHCNB4KQPT7BVNS3A.jpg?smart=true&auth=f9780592a26f5009c6e72295725c20099bdb6bdd8a15f3b1e899b7f4f686d7ee&width=274&height=182",
"https://www.irishnews.com/resizer/v2/MSF3XA2ND5NXNAZQVYZ6IALVMM.jpg?smart=true&auth=bffec5140d503180d2768dd9b32e3e7d907cc3933b684893b999583fc2ae75ed&width=274&height=182",
"https://www.irishnews.com/resizer/v2/FSEMBQAWPBMI7AVNWK3HXVRTJ4.jpg?smart=true&auth=f0434100a216872e33f2bb0e46fc7b1d3cdc6433e30188ff1e326431f2a74dd0&width=274&height=182",
"https://www.irishnews.com/resizer/v2/I6M5NC76JVAUZI27QSMX4OMWEA.jpg?smart=true&auth=e197bd95a449745c9df97c3fc7db79d62bc5c89fad443404bb86b6c6a6f7558f&width=274&height=182",
"https://www.irishnews.com/resizer/v2/FLQKHHSVMRE6HLVQCXC6OFG3VI.jpg?smart=true&auth=f4d43e662d80121fd4bf48a5059cc746be0a7a1a78c8a6d50281d6e6c2a91aee&width=274&height=182",
"https://www.irishnews.com/resizer/v2/BCWXDYZDZ5DLVBVP7T3CFGSIVA.jpg?smart=true&auth=bc87980fd9c5d0f33970d33107981d6686a66e78e607f531d3d2c89078674303&width=274&height=182",
"https://www.irishnews.com/resizer/v2/TEWK7FCDIFK5RHOIWCRJ5MGSYI.jpg?smart=true&auth=c618f5258c71eeebef049ed0a6312d9a6b093fa36c9521376722760e8b0933cf&width=274&height=182",
"https://static.themebuilder.aws.arc.pub/irishnews/1708593126845.png"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
"death",
"royal-family",
"sher",
"uk",
"featured",
"actor",
"brian-blessed",
"charles-iii",
"gregory-doran",
"judi-dench",
"william",
"rsc",
"rufus-norris",
"sir-antony-sher",
"pa",
"arts",
"culture",
"entertainment-and-media",
"obituary",
"human-interest",
"high-society",
"royalty",
"story",
"composite"
] | null |
[
"irishnews.com"
] |
2021-12-04T00:00:00
|
Sir Antony was the Prince of Wales’ favourite actor – a fact the royal revealed during his 2017 Commonwealth Tour
|
en
|
/pf/resources/images/favicon.ico?d=50
|
The Irish News
|
https://www.irishnews.com/magazine/entertainment/2021/12/04/news/charles-sir-antony-sher-was-a-giant-of-the-stage-at-the-height-of-his-genius--2526737/
|
The Prince of Wales has paid tribute to Sir Antony Sher as “a giant of the stage at the height of his genius” following the actor’s death at the age of 72.
The Olivier Award-winning actor and director was diagnosed with terminal cancer earlier this year, and his death was announced by the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC) on Friday.
In a statement to the PA news agency, Charles said he was “deeply saddened” to learn of Sir Antony’s passing.
“As the President of the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC), I had the great joy and privilege of knowing him for many years, and admired him enormously for the consummate skill and passion he brought to every role,” the prince said.
“My most treasured memory of him was as Falstaff in a brilliant production of Greg Doran’s. I feel particularly blessed to have known him, but we have all lost a giant of the stage at the height of his genius.”
Charles offered his sympathy to Sir Antony’s husband, Gregory Doran, the RSC’s artistic director, saying: “My heart goes out to Greg Doran and to all at the RSC who will, I know, feel the most profound sorrow at the passing of a great man and an irreplaceable talent.”
Dame Judi Dench earlier described Sir Antony, with whom she starred in the 1997 film Mrs Brown, as a “sublime” actor who performed with “incredible intensity”.
The 86-year-old described his performance as former prime minister Benjamin Disraeli as “spectacular”.
Speaking to BBC Radio 4’s PM programme, she said: “He could completely immerse himself in a character and make it completely remarkable, but not necessarily on his own terms.
“He was sublime. He was totally engrossed whenever he was working in that part and in that character.
“He was one of those remarkable actors who reserved that incredible intensity for the time he was on the stage.”
Brian Blessed, who performed alongside Sir Antony in Richard III in Stratford-upon-Avon, told the programme: “He revolutionised Richard III entirely. Amazing imagination, amazing vocal power. He hobbled around the set like a great bottled spider. He would terrify the audience in the first few rows.”
Blessed said to be on stage with Sir Antony was “mind-blowing” and added: “It was from another century. It was from another galaxy.”
The National Theatre posted a statement on Twitter from director Rufus Norris, saying: “With the tragic passing of Antony Sher, one of the great titans has left us.
“His contribution and example to our theatre world was exemplary, and his standing within the ranks of National Theatre actors could not be higher.”
Mr Doran announced in September that he was taking a period of compassionate leave to care for Sir Antony.
The South African-born actor tied the knot with Doran on December 21 2005, the first day same sex couples could legally form a civil partnership in the UK.
Sir Antony starred in a number of RSC productions, including a role in 2016 in King Lear, as well as playing Falstaff in the Henry IV plays and Willy Loman in Arthur Miller’s Death Of A Salesman.
He was the Prince of Wales’ favourite actor – a fact the royal revealed during his 2017 Commonwealth Tour.
Earlier landmark performances included Leontes in The Winter’s Tale, Iago in Othello, Prospero in The Tempest and the title roles in Macbeth and Tamburlaine The Great, as well as his career-defining Richard III.
He moved to Britain to study drama in the late 1960s and joined the RSC in 1982. His breakthrough role came two years later in Richard III, a part which earned him the best actor accolade at the Olivier Theatre Awards.
His theatrical skills were not limited to the West End, and his adaptation of If This Is A Man, by Primo Levi, into a one-man show titled Primo, ran on Broadway.
Off stage he had roles in films including Shakespeare In Love and Mrs Brown, and played Adolf Hitler in 2004’s Churchill: The Hollywood Years.
His final production with the RSC was Kani’s Kunene And The King, which saw him star opposite Kani as Jack, an actor acclaimed for his roles in Shakespeare who is diagnosed with liver cancer.
RSC executive director Catherine Mallyon and acting artistic director Erica Whyman said in a statement: “We are deeply saddened by this news, and our thoughts and sincere condolences are with Greg, and with Antony’s family and their friends at this devastating time.
“Antony had a long association with the RSC and a hugely celebrated career on stage and screen.
The RSC said Doran will remain on compassionate leave and is expected to return to work in 2022.
|
||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 40
|
https://www.cbsnews.com/news/oppenheimer-screen-actors-guild-awards-top-prize/
|
en
|
"Oppenheimer" wins top prize at Screen Actors Guild Awards
|
[
"https://assets1.cbsnewsstatic.com/hub/i/r/2024/02/25/36cfc3cb-ae5a-4340-a886-63f2193353e1/thumbnail/620x414/2b381f4a45960258fb8e7a836a0b600f/gettyimages-2028797634.jpg?v=fd6e213336f58b575c9e836e95546d26",
"https://assets3.cbsnewsstatic.com/hub/i/r/2024/02/25/30ee48a9-a677-444c-af85-3a4d545ae50c/thumbnail/620x414/4133c2a7f92e3da0a6d2984c465419d4/gettyimages-2028797022.jpg?v=fd6e213336f58b575c9e836e95546d26",
"https://assets3.cbsnewsstatic.com/hub/i/r/2024/08/16/142661e9-5731-4452-814e-f6d9a6806433/thumbnail/1200x630/e254776643f527b2cb24c1819eaa22bc/gettyimages-1051702396.jpg?v=fd6e213336f58b575c9e836e95546d26",
"https://assets2.cbsnewsstatic.com/hub/i/r/2024/08/19/6838f093-c661-4819-b406-66e8791c91a6/thumbnail/1200x630g2/d1cd4d510bb0f2c017c25500d1a7c39e/india-rape-doctor-2166575666.jpg?v=d8f7565ef3e8b72561ee316b5993cbf9",
"https://assets1.cbsnewsstatic.com/hub/i/r/2024/08/14/37698de7-ef33-4034-9112-d52dbebcea8c/thumbnail/1200x630/321cb486bff40e2bcdc451c34352a5a1/gettyimages-1672082053-1.jpg?v=d8f7565ef3e8b72561ee316b5993cbf9",
"https://assets2.cbsnewsstatic.com/hub/i/r/2024/08/17/9a63a20b-7fe6-4936-9f62-dc37d2308178/thumbnail/1200x630/f8e5ed3e46700fcf6f562bb1ca017542/ap24230281164832.jpg?v=d8f7565ef3e8b72561ee316b5993cbf9",
"https://assets2.cbsnewsstatic.com/hub/i/r/2024/08/17/31486bd6-8e50-4704-8efe-f30e7d574d89/thumbnail/1200x630/fac26c080d299c82dbb21a8872838ac2/ap24230191802841.jpg?v=d8f7565ef3e8b72561ee316b5993cbf9",
"https://assets3.cbsnewsstatic.com/hub/i/r/2024/08/16/142661e9-5731-4452-814e-f6d9a6806433/thumbnail/1200x630/e254776643f527b2cb24c1819eaa22bc/gettyimages-1051702396.jpg?v=fd6e213336f58b575c9e836e95546d26",
"https://assets2.cbsnewsstatic.com/hub/i/r/2024/08/19/6838f093-c661-4819-b406-66e8791c91a6/thumbnail/1200x630g2/d1cd4d510bb0f2c017c25500d1a7c39e/india-rape-doctor-2166575666.jpg?v=d8f7565ef3e8b72561ee316b5993cbf9",
"https://assets1.cbsnewsstatic.com/hub/i/r/2024/08/14/37698de7-ef33-4034-9112-d52dbebcea8c/thumbnail/1200x630/321cb486bff40e2bcdc451c34352a5a1/gettyimages-1672082053-1.jpg?v=d8f7565ef3e8b72561ee316b5993cbf9",
"https://assets2.cbsnewsstatic.com/hub/i/r/2024/08/17/9a63a20b-7fe6-4936-9f62-dc37d2308178/thumbnail/1200x630/f8e5ed3e46700fcf6f562bb1ca017542/ap24230281164832.jpg?v=d8f7565ef3e8b72561ee316b5993cbf9"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
"Screen Actors Guild",
"Academy Awards"
] | null |
[] |
2024-02-24T22:40:46-05:00
|
As the Academy Awards draw closer, Christopher Nolan's blockbuster biopic has increasingly looked like the run-away favorite.
|
en
|
https://www.cbsnews.com/news/oppenheimer-screen-actors-guild-awards-top-prize/
|
"Oppenheimer" continued to streamroll through Hollywood's awards season on Saturday, winning the top prize, for outstanding cast, along with awards for Cillian Murphy and Robert Downey Jr., at the 30th Screen Actors Guild Awards.
As the Academy Awards draw closer, Christopher Nolan's blockbuster biopic — already a winner at the Golden Globes and the BAFTAs — has increasingly looked like the run-away favorite. The SAG Awards, one of the most-telling Oscar predictors, will only add to the momentum for "Oppenheimer," the lead Academy Awards nominee with 13 nods.
The SAG Awards don't always signify Oscar success. Two of the last five winners from the guild ("The Trial of the Chicago 7" and "Black Panther") lost at the Academy Awards. But in the past two years, all five of the top SAG prizes – best ensemble and the four acting winners – have corresponded with the eventual Oscar winners, including the ensembles for "Everything Everywhere All at Once" and "CODA."
That could mean the SAGs offered an Oscar preview in two of the closest contests: best actor and best actress.
The night's most thrilling win went to Lily Gladstone for female actor in a leading role in Martin Scorsese's "Killers of the Flower Moon." No category has been more hotly contested, with analysts evenly split between Gladstone and Emma Stone for "Poor Things."
But Gladstone won Saturday and the crowd erupted. Stone, too, stood and vigorously applauded. More is riding on Gladstone than perhaps any other Oscar contender this year. Her win would be a first for Native Americans.
Murphy and Paul Giamatti ("The Holdovers") have also been seen as in a neck-and-neck contest. But Murphy has now won at the SAGs, the BAFTAs and Globes, suggesting he has the clear edge heading into the Academy Awards.
Robert Downey Jr. and Da'Vine Joy Randolph each won for their supporting performances, likewise solidifying their status as Oscar favorites.
Downey Jr., accepting his first SAG Award for a movie role for his performance in Christopher Nolan's "Oppenheimer," grinned as he accepted the trophy.
"Why me? Why now? Why do things seem to be going my way?" said Downey Jr. "Unlike my fellow nominees, I will never grow tired from the sound of my own voice."
Both Downey Jr. — who triumphed again over Ryan Gosling ("Barbie") — and Randolph have emerged as Academy Awards frontrunners. Their wins Saturday should make them shoo-ins.
Randolph's performance in Alexander Payne's "The Holdovers" has been a breakthrough role for the 37-year-old actor. Now, she appears poised to win the Academy Award.
"To every actor out there still waiting in the wings for their chance, let me tell you: Your life can change in a day," Randolph said. "It's not a question of if but when. Keep going."
The 30th Screen Actors Guild Awards, streaming for the first time live on Netflix, got underway with Oscar momentum up for grabs for lead nominees "Oppenheimer" and "Barbie." The host-less ceremony kicked off at the Shrine Auditorium & Expo Hall in Los Angeles.
"Personally, I can't wait to get home and have Netflix recommend this show to me based on all the other stuff that I watch myself in," joked Idris Elba, kicking off the show.
After more than two decades airing on TNT and TBS to dwindling viewership, Netflix acquired telecast rights to the SAG Awards in early 2023. That meant some different rules, including no ads and permitted bad language. Elba, who kicked off the show on stage, suggested a delicate dance.
"Don't say anything you wouldn't say in front of Oprah," said Elba, who promptly added an expletive.
This year's SAG Awards follows a grueling months-long strike in which the SAG-AFTRA union fought a bitter battle over a number of issues. Much of the work stoppage was prompted over changes in the film and TV industry brought on by streaming and a sea change led by Netflix.
"Your solidarity ignited workers around the world, triggering what forever will be remember as 'the hot labor summer,'" said Fran Drescher, president of SAG-AFTRA. "This was a seminal moment in our union's history."
It didn't take long for the night's hosts to nab an award of their own. Ali Wong, who sported one of the most eye-catching looks on the red carpet, won best female actor in a TV movie or limited series for the Netflix series "Beef." Later, her co-star Steven Yeun also won.
"The Bear" likewise continued its awards run, winning best comedy series, and awards for Jeremy Allen White and Ayo Edebiri.
The new streaming platform was sure to put even more of a spotlight on one of the most closely-watched predictors of the Academy Awards. Oscar voting wraps Tuesday. The lack of ad breaks meant some notable tweaks. Shortly after winning, many winners were interviewed backstage — sometimes charmingly, sometimes awkwardly — by red-carpet co-host Tan France.
Pedro Pascal, looking very surprised, won best male actor in a drama series for "The Last of Us."
"This is wrong for a number of reasons," said Pascal. "I'm a little bit drunk. I thought I could get drunk."
Barbra Streisand held the audience in rapt attention while accepting a lifetime achievement award, presented by Jennifer Aniston and Bradley Cooper.
"I remember dreaming of being an actress as a teenager sitting in my bed in Brooklyn with a pint of coffee ice cream and a movie magazine," said Streisand, who recalled being transfixed by "my first crush," Marlon Brando.
Streisand also took a moment to celebrate the Jewish pioneers of Hollywood.
"Now I dream of a world where such prejudice is a thing of the past," she said.
Two awards for stunt ensemble were announced during the red carpet. Those went to the stunt performers of "Mission: Impossible — Dead Reckoning Part One," in the film category, and for "The Last of Us" in television.
|
||||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
2
| 15
|
https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-58601697
|
en
|
Obituary: Sir Antony Sher, a giant of the stage
|
[
"https://www.bbc.com/bbcx/grey-placeholder.png",
"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/240/cpsprodpb/260C/production/_121304790_antonysherkinglearrsc2016gettyimages-597700070.jpg.webp 240w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/320/cpsprodpb/260C/production/_121304790_antonysherkinglearrsc2016gettyimages-597700070.jpg.webp 320w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/480/cpsprodpb/260C/production/_121304790_antonysherkinglearrsc2016gettyimages-597700070.jpg.webp 480w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/640/cpsprodpb/260C/production/_121304790_antonysherkinglearrsc2016gettyimages-597700070.jpg.webp 640w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/800/cpsprodpb/260C/production/_121304790_antonysherkinglearrsc2016gettyimages-597700070.jpg.webp 800w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/1024/cpsprodpb/260C/production/_121304790_antonysherkinglearrsc2016gettyimages-597700070.jpg.webp 1024w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/1536/cpsprodpb/260C/production/_121304790_antonysherkinglearrsc2016gettyimages-597700070.jpg.webp 1536w",
"https://www.bbc.com/bbcx/grey-placeholder.png",
"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/240/cpsprodpb/4560/production/_120606771_antonysherboyjpg.jpg.webp 240w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/320/cpsprodpb/4560/production/_120606771_antonysherboyjpg.jpg.webp 320w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/480/cpsprodpb/4560/production/_120606771_antonysherboyjpg.jpg.webp 480w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/640/cpsprodpb/4560/production/_120606771_antonysherboyjpg.jpg.webp 640w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/800/cpsprodpb/4560/production/_120606771_antonysherboyjpg.jpg.webp 800w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/1024/cpsprodpb/4560/production/_120606771_antonysherboyjpg.jpg.webp 1024w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/1536/cpsprodpb/4560/production/_120606771_antonysherboyjpg.jpg.webp 1536w",
"https://www.bbc.com/bbcx/grey-placeholder.png",
"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/240/cpsprodpb/E1A0/production/_120606775_antonyshermilitaryservicestill.png.webp 240w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/320/cpsprodpb/E1A0/production/_120606775_antonyshermilitaryservicestill.png.webp 320w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/480/cpsprodpb/E1A0/production/_120606775_antonyshermilitaryservicestill.png.webp 480w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/640/cpsprodpb/E1A0/production/_120606775_antonyshermilitaryservicestill.png.webp 640w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/800/cpsprodpb/E1A0/production/_120606775_antonyshermilitaryservicestill.png.webp 800w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/1024/cpsprodpb/E1A0/production/_120606775_antonyshermilitaryservicestill.png.webp 1024w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/1536/cpsprodpb/E1A0/production/_120606775_antonyshermilitaryservicestill.png.webp 1536w",
"https://www.bbc.com/bbcx/grey-placeholder.png",
"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/240/cpsprodpb/9380/production/_120606773_antonysheryouth.jpg.webp 240w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/320/cpsprodpb/9380/production/_120606773_antonysheryouth.jpg.webp 320w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/480/cpsprodpb/9380/production/_120606773_antonysheryouth.jpg.webp 480w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/640/cpsprodpb/9380/production/_120606773_antonysheryouth.jpg.webp 640w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/800/cpsprodpb/9380/production/_120606773_antonysheryouth.jpg.webp 800w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/1024/cpsprodpb/9380/production/_120606773_antonysheryouth.jpg.webp 1024w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/1536/cpsprodpb/9380/production/_120606773_antonysheryouth.jpg.webp 1536w",
"https://www.bbc.com/bbcx/grey-placeholder.png",
"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/240/cpsprodpb/12FC0/production/_120606777_antonysherhistorymanhi001550361.jpg.webp 240w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/320/cpsprodpb/12FC0/production/_120606777_antonysherhistorymanhi001550361.jpg.webp 320w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/480/cpsprodpb/12FC0/production/_120606777_antonysherhistorymanhi001550361.jpg.webp 480w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/640/cpsprodpb/12FC0/production/_120606777_antonysherhistorymanhi001550361.jpg.webp 640w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/800/cpsprodpb/12FC0/production/_120606777_antonysherhistorymanhi001550361.jpg.webp 800w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/1024/cpsprodpb/12FC0/production/_120606777_antonysherhistorymanhi001550361.jpg.webp 1024w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/1536/cpsprodpb/12FC0/production/_120606777_antonysherhistorymanhi001550361.jpg.webp 1536w",
"https://www.bbc.com/bbcx/grey-placeholder.png",
"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/240/cpsprodpb/3688/production/_120606931_019b8e74-1046-4329-be77-fa6fa4eef332.jpg.webp 240w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/320/cpsprodpb/3688/production/_120606931_019b8e74-1046-4329-be77-fa6fa4eef332.jpg.webp 320w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/480/cpsprodpb/3688/production/_120606931_019b8e74-1046-4329-be77-fa6fa4eef332.jpg.webp 480w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/640/cpsprodpb/3688/production/_120606931_019b8e74-1046-4329-be77-fa6fa4eef332.jpg.webp 640w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/800/cpsprodpb/3688/production/_120606931_019b8e74-1046-4329-be77-fa6fa4eef332.jpg.webp 800w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/1024/cpsprodpb/3688/production/_120606931_019b8e74-1046-4329-be77-fa6fa4eef332.jpg.webp 1024w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/1536/cpsprodpb/3688/production/_120606931_019b8e74-1046-4329-be77-fa6fa4eef332.jpg.webp 1536w",
"https://www.bbc.com/bbcx/grey-placeholder.png",
"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/240/cpsprodpb/84A8/production/_120606933_antonyshergregdorancivilpartnership2005hi001912396.jpg.webp 240w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/320/cpsprodpb/84A8/production/_120606933_antonyshergregdorancivilpartnership2005hi001912396.jpg.webp 320w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/480/cpsprodpb/84A8/production/_120606933_antonyshergregdorancivilpartnership2005hi001912396.jpg.webp 480w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/640/cpsprodpb/84A8/production/_120606933_antonyshergregdorancivilpartnership2005hi001912396.jpg.webp 640w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/800/cpsprodpb/84A8/production/_120606933_antonyshergregdorancivilpartnership2005hi001912396.jpg.webp 800w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/1024/cpsprodpb/84A8/production/_120606933_antonyshergregdorancivilpartnership2005hi001912396.jpg.webp 1024w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/1536/cpsprodpb/84A8/production/_120606933_antonyshergregdorancivilpartnership2005hi001912396.jpg.webp 1536w",
"https://www.bbc.com/bbcx/grey-placeholder.png",
"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/240/cpsprodpb/F9D8/production/_120606936_fca17d4f-91a2-4c75-86e1-245eca660b3d.jpg.webp 240w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/320/cpsprodpb/F9D8/production/_120606936_fca17d4f-91a2-4c75-86e1-245eca660b3d.jpg.webp 320w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/480/cpsprodpb/F9D8/production/_120606936_fca17d4f-91a2-4c75-86e1-245eca660b3d.jpg.webp 480w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/640/cpsprodpb/F9D8/production/_120606936_fca17d4f-91a2-4c75-86e1-245eca660b3d.jpg.webp 640w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/800/cpsprodpb/F9D8/production/_120606936_fca17d4f-91a2-4c75-86e1-245eca660b3d.jpg.webp 800w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/1024/cpsprodpb/F9D8/production/_120606936_fca17d4f-91a2-4c75-86e1-245eca660b3d.jpg.webp 1024w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/1536/cpsprodpb/F9D8/production/_120606936_fca17d4f-91a2-4c75-86e1-245eca660b3d.jpg.webp 1536w",
"https://www.bbc.com/bbcx/grey-placeholder.png",
"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/240/cpsprodpb/141B8/production/_120606328_antonysherfalstaffrscgettyimages-539870224.jpg.webp 240w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/320/cpsprodpb/141B8/production/_120606328_antonysherfalstaffrscgettyimages-539870224.jpg.webp 320w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/480/cpsprodpb/141B8/production/_120606328_antonysherfalstaffrscgettyimages-539870224.jpg.webp 480w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/640/cpsprodpb/141B8/production/_120606328_antonysherfalstaffrscgettyimages-539870224.jpg.webp 640w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/800/cpsprodpb/141B8/production/_120606328_antonysherfalstaffrscgettyimages-539870224.jpg.webp 800w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/1024/cpsprodpb/141B8/production/_120606328_antonysherfalstaffrscgettyimages-539870224.jpg.webp 1024w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/1536/cpsprodpb/141B8/production/_120606328_antonysherfalstaffrscgettyimages-539870224.jpg.webp 1536w",
"https://www.bbc.com/bbcx/grey-placeholder.png",
"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/240/cpsprodpb/646A/production/_133460752_sutherland-getty.jpg.webp 240w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/320/cpsprodpb/646A/production/_133460752_sutherland-getty.jpg.webp 320w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/480/cpsprodpb/646A/production/_133460752_sutherland-getty.jpg.webp 480w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/640/cpsprodpb/646A/production/_133460752_sutherland-getty.jpg.webp 640w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/800/cpsprodpb/646A/production/_133460752_sutherland-getty.jpg.webp 800w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/1024/cpsprodpb/646A/production/_133460752_sutherland-getty.jpg.webp 1024w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/1536/cpsprodpb/646A/production/_133460752_sutherland-getty.jpg.webp 1536w",
"https://www.bbc.com/bbcx/grey-placeholder.png",
"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/240/cpsprodpb/135D1/production/_121231397_35a1ad1a-51b3-4069-8e24-8d09eee5c933.jpg.webp 240w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/320/cpsprodpb/135D1/production/_121231397_35a1ad1a-51b3-4069-8e24-8d09eee5c933.jpg.webp 320w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/480/cpsprodpb/135D1/production/_121231397_35a1ad1a-51b3-4069-8e24-8d09eee5c933.jpg.webp 480w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/640/cpsprodpb/135D1/production/_121231397_35a1ad1a-51b3-4069-8e24-8d09eee5c933.jpg.webp 640w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/800/cpsprodpb/135D1/production/_121231397_35a1ad1a-51b3-4069-8e24-8d09eee5c933.jpg.webp 800w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/1024/cpsprodpb/135D1/production/_121231397_35a1ad1a-51b3-4069-8e24-8d09eee5c933.jpg.webp 1024w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/1536/cpsprodpb/135D1/production/_121231397_35a1ad1a-51b3-4069-8e24-8d09eee5c933.jpg.webp 1536w",
"https://www.bbc.com/bbcx/grey-placeholder.png",
"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/240/cpsprodpb/d237/live/c8b39eb0-e53b-11ee-947c-7dac2ae30d4f.jpg.webp 240w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/320/cpsprodpb/d237/live/c8b39eb0-e53b-11ee-947c-7dac2ae30d4f.jpg.webp 320w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/480/cpsprodpb/d237/live/c8b39eb0-e53b-11ee-947c-7dac2ae30d4f.jpg.webp 480w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/640/cpsprodpb/d237/live/c8b39eb0-e53b-11ee-947c-7dac2ae30d4f.jpg.webp 640w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/800/cpsprodpb/d237/live/c8b39eb0-e53b-11ee-947c-7dac2ae30d4f.jpg.webp 800w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/1024/cpsprodpb/d237/live/c8b39eb0-e53b-11ee-947c-7dac2ae30d4f.jpg.webp 1024w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/1536/cpsprodpb/d237/live/c8b39eb0-e53b-11ee-947c-7dac2ae30d4f.jpg.webp 1536w",
"https://www.bbc.com/bbcx/grey-placeholder.png",
"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/240/cpsprodpb/FC3D/production/_132537546_rscashtonthomas.jpg.webp 240w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/320/cpsprodpb/FC3D/production/_132537546_rscashtonthomas.jpg.webp 320w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/480/cpsprodpb/FC3D/production/_132537546_rscashtonthomas.jpg.webp 480w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/640/cpsprodpb/FC3D/production/_132537546_rscashtonthomas.jpg.webp 640w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/800/cpsprodpb/FC3D/production/_132537546_rscashtonthomas.jpg.webp 800w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/1024/cpsprodpb/FC3D/production/_132537546_rscashtonthomas.jpg.webp 1024w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/1536/cpsprodpb/FC3D/production/_132537546_rscashtonthomas.jpg.webp 1536w",
"https://www.bbc.com/bbcx/grey-placeholder.png",
"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/240/cpsprodpb/F1BF/production/_132178816_doran.jpg.webp 240w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/320/cpsprodpb/F1BF/production/_132178816_doran.jpg.webp 320w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/480/cpsprodpb/F1BF/production/_132178816_doran.jpg.webp 480w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/640/cpsprodpb/F1BF/production/_132178816_doran.jpg.webp 640w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/800/cpsprodpb/F1BF/production/_132178816_doran.jpg.webp 800w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/1024/cpsprodpb/F1BF/production/_132178816_doran.jpg.webp 1024w,https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/1536/cpsprodpb/F1BF/production/_132178816_doran.jpg.webp 1536w"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"BBC News"
] |
2021-12-03T13:17:28+00:00
|
The South African actor went from feeling like an impostor to becoming a giant of the British stage.
|
en
|
/bbcx/apple-touch-icon.png
|
https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-58601697
|
Antony Sher, who has died aged 72, once believed that acting was about "becoming someone else".
As a young man, not being himself was appealing. In his own mind, he had much to hide.
He was born a white South African, Jewish and gay. Introduced to the Queen as one of Britain's finest classical actors, he struggled to shake off an inner voice telling him he was an impostor.
But, as he slowly came to realise, the insecurities helped him on stage.
Shakespeare's great characters were outsiders too. Richard III was physically warped; King Lear and Iago were consumed by rage and jealousy; Shylock was part of a spurned community.
With every part he played, Sher confronted a little more of himself, learning to draw on painful memories to master Falstaff, Leontes and Macbeth.
It was a difficult journey, which saw him treated for depression and cocaine addiction. But, by the end, he had changed his mind on a fundamental point.
"Acting is not about hiding," he admitted. "It is about revealing."
Trespasser
Antony Sher began life in Sea Point, a middle-class suburb of Cape Town, on 14 June 1949. He was born with a membrane around his head, which the doctor insisted was a sign of greatness.
Growing up in South Africa, young Tony felt out of place. He was weedy, artistic and withdrawn - with little in common with his sports-obsessed white classmates. "I always felt like a trespasser," he recalled.
Later, there was also a sense of shame. His grandparents were Lithuanian-Jewish immigrants who had fled persecution in Europe, but the family never questioned the system of apartheid under which they now lived.
Sher confessed that he - like everyone he knew - had internalised the message that blacks were inferior. None of them had heard of Nelson Mandela, although Robben Island was visible from Sea Point's beaches.
He did experience anti-Semitism in the South African army. Forced to do national service, he was savaged for his Jewish heritage - and took care to keep his sexuality to himself.
Short, bespectacled and with flat feet, the army despaired at what to do with Rifleman 65833329. Finally, it put him in charge of an empty hut in the Namibian desert - and ignored him.
Rejection
In 1968, Sher left South Africa and travelled to England. His mother - convinced by the doctor that her third son was 'special' - recorded home movies of him arriving for drama school auditions. Success, she believed, was divinely ordained.
The rejection letters cut deep. "Not only have you failed this audition," wrote Rada, "we strongly urge you to seek a different career."
Fortunately, London was crawling with drama schools. Eventually, he enrolled at the Webber-Douglas Academy of Dramatic Art.
Having seen little theatre in Cape Town, Sher could now watch the greats: John Gielgud, Ralph Richardson and Laurence Olivier.
He admired how actors could transform themselves with wigs and prosthetics. It was an attractive skill for a man who was hiding himself.
Sher was shocked to discover South Africa was a pariah state, and ashamed that his family had not taken a stand. He adopted an English accent and said he'd been born in Hampstead.
He tried to deny his sexuality - first becoming engaged to a fellow student and later briefly marrying a "splendidly named, splendidly spirited woman" called Jo Jelly.
"I went into so many closets," he later admitted.
Not sexy enough
On leaving drama school, the principal made a prediction. Sher, he said, would not succeed as an actor until he was 30. It proved accurate.
At Liverpool's Everyman theatre, he did his acting apprenticeship alongside up-and-coming talents like Jonathan Pryce, Pete Postlethwaite and Julie Walters. But he was rarely the star of the show.
Then, a week after his 30th birthday, a part fell into his lap which made Antony Sher a household name.
The BBC offered him the role of Howard Kirk - a manipulative, womanising sociology lecturer - in a TV adaptation of Malcolm Bradbury's The History Man.
His confidence was initially destroyed on discovering that playwright Christopher Hampton - who adapted Bradbury's novel for the series - had opposed his casting. Sher was not, Hampton argued, sexy enough.
But the BBC stuck to its guns. Sher, having gone to a gym in an effort to be 'sexy', delivered a masterly performance as the ruthless, moustachioed bully.
There followed a Bafta nomination, questions in Parliament about the sex scenes and - most importantly - a telephone call from the Royal Shakespeare Company.
Kings and Queens
He had auditioned for the RSC before but had failed to impress. When asked to do a Scottish accent for Macbeth, Sher had attempted an impression of football manager Bill Shankly - and everything had fallen apart.
This time was different. In his first season, he played the Fool opposite Michael Gambon's King Lear - and was then cast as Richard III.
A spectre hung over the role, in the shape of Laurence Olivier. The great man's portrayal of the hunched, murderous King was etched in every actor's memory.
To play it differently, Sher used crutches. Richard was presented as a frightening, many-limbed beast or - in Shakespeare's words - a "bottled spider".
Riding a wave of stellar reviews, his next project could not have been more different. He became Arnold, a Jewish New York drag queen, in Harvey Fierstein's Torch Song Trilogy.
Sher usually researched his roles exhaustively, but chose to play Arnold straight from the heart.
"My only regret," he later confided, "is that I wasn't out at the time, so I was in the ridiculous situation of not being able to say why this play was so important to me."
At the 1985 Olivier Awards, Sher picked up prizes for both Richard III and Torch Song. "I'm very happy to be the first actor to win an award for playing both a king and a queen," he announced.
Not every part was a triumph. Sher's portrayal of Malvolio in Twelfth Night flopped when he tried - too hard - to inject humour. "It was death by slow crucifixion," he lamented.
His performance as Shylock, by contrast, was universally praised. It was also where he met Greg Doran, a fellow member of the cast.
Doran went on to become artistic director of the RSC, Antony Sher's life partner and - when the law permitted - husband.
Under Doran's direction, he was encouraged to look deeper into himself. To play King Leontes, the jealous lover of The Winter's Tale, Sher was encouraged to stop transforming into somebody else and to draw on his own memories.
He looked back and remembered his old rivalry with Simon Callow. There had been a time when Callow seemed to be getting all the parts he coveted.
At times, Sher couldn't bear to be in the same room. "I felt," he recalled, "like Salieri to his Mozart." The two actors eventually set things right after a four-hour lunch at the Caprice.
Working with Doran was hard at first. Crockery was thrown after a production of Titus Andronicus - until they agreed a pact never to discuss work at home.
But there were advantages. Sher trusted Doran absolutely, which gave him the confidence to reveal ever more of himself in the parts they created together.
"There was something about the material that was so sacred, so much bigger than my own ego - that there was no space for my petty feelings," he recalled.
In 2008, Sir Antony took Doran and their production of The Tempest to South Africa, which bore little resemblance to the land he had left 40 years previously.
Together, they explored Cape Town's thriving, desegregated gay nightspots, and spotted a newspaper headline that showed how far both man and country had come. "Jewish boy from Sea Point," it read, "plays Prospero at last".
In September 2021, the Royal Shakespeare Company announced that Sher had been diagnosed with a terminal illness. Doran stepped down as artistic director to care for his husband in his final months.
Together, they had just finished a run of memorable productions - including Henry IV part 1, King Lear and Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman.
A fleeting appearance in Shakespeare in Love aside, Sir Antony never had the kind of Hollywood career that others from the RSC enjoyed. The History Man - despite its rave reviews - proved a rare foray into television.
But it never seemed to bother a man who will be remembered as one of the world's great stage performers. As far as Antony Sher was concerned, Shakespeare wrote better scripts.
|
|||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 17
|
https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0000598/2004/1/
|
en
|
Screen Actors Guild Awards (2004)
|
[
"https://fls-na.amazon.com/1/batch/1/OP/A1EVAM02EL8SFB:134-4107907-2746441:7VTPKFDMA2ZF53KB8251$uedata=s:%2Frd%2Fuedata%3Fstaticb%26id%3D7VTPKFDMA2ZF53KB8251:0",
"https://m.media-amazon.com/images/G/01/IMDb/Mobile/DesktopQRCode-png.png",
"https://fls-na.amazon.com/1/batch/1/OP/A1EVAM02EL8SFB:134-4107907-2746441:7VTPKFDMA2ZF53KB8251$uedata=s:%2Frd%2Fuedata%3Fnoscript%26id%3D7VTPKFDMA2ZF53KB8251:0"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
"Awards",
"Nominations",
"Won",
"Winner",
"Nominated",
"Nominee",
"Actors",
"Actresses",
"Screen Actors Guild Awards"
] | null |
[] | null |
Award-winners and contenders from Screen Actors Guild Awards (2004)
|
IMDb
|
https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0000598/2004/1/
| |||||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 2
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Outstanding_Performance_by_a_Cast_in_a_Motion_Picture_Screen_Actors_Guild_Award_winners
|
en
|
Category:Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture Screen Actors Guild Award winners
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico
|
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png",
"https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/footer/poweredby_mediawiki.svg"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null |
en
|
/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Outstanding_Performance_by_a_Cast_in_a_Motion_Picture_Screen_Actors_Guild_Award_winners
| |||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
2
| 9
|
https://www.critical-stages.org/24/sir-antony-sher-actor-artist-diarist-novelist-playwright/
|
en
|
Sir Antony Sher: Actor, Artist, Diarist, Novelist, Playwright
|
[
"https://i0.wp.com/www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/2021/12/Antony-Sher-feat.jpeg?resize=800%2C445&ssl=1",
"https://i0.wp.com/www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/2021/12/Antony-Sher.jpeg?resize=400%2C533&ssl=1",
"https://i0.wp.com/www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/2021/12/Ian-Herbert.jpeg?resize=150%2C150&ssl=1",
"https://i0.wp.com/cdn.printfriendly.com/buttons/printfriendly-pdf-button.png?w=800&ssl=1",
"https://i0.wp.com/www.critical-stages.org/22/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2020/10/logo_TR_wide.png?w=800&ssl=1",
"https://i0.wp.com/www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/2022/03/facebook.jpg?resize=300%2C199&ssl=1",
"https://www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/photo-gallery/imported_from_media_libray/thumb/Issue29.jpeg?bwg=1719750219",
"https://www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/photo-gallery/imported_from_media_libray/thumb/Issue28.jpeg?bwg=1704020162",
"https://www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/photo-gallery/imported_from_media_libray/thumb/Issue27.jpeg?bwg=1704020162",
"https://www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/photo-gallery/imported_from_media_libray/thumb/Issue26.jpeg?bwg=1672246713",
"https://www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/photo-gallery/imported_from_media_libray/thumb/Issue25.jpg?bwg=1657018269",
"https://www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/photo-gallery/imported_from_media_libray/thumb/Issue24.jpg?bwg=1641720015",
"https://www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/photo-gallery/imported_from_media_libray/thumb/Issue23b.jpeg?bwg=1632168909",
"https://www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/photo-gallery/imported_from_media_libray/thumb/Issue22.jpeg?bwg=1632168909",
"https://www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/photo-gallery/imported_from_media_libray/thumb/Issue21.jpg?bwg=1632168909",
"https://www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/photo-gallery/imported_from_media_libray/thumb/Issue20.jpg?bwg=1632168909",
"https://www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/photo-gallery/imported_from_media_libray/thumb/Issue19.jpg?bwg=1632168909",
"https://www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/photo-gallery/imported_from_media_libray/thumb/Issue18.jpg?bwg=1632168909",
"https://www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/photo-gallery/imported_from_media_libray/thumb/Issue17.jpg?bwg=1632168909",
"https://www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/photo-gallery/imported_from_media_libray/thumb/Issue16.jpg?bwg=1632168909",
"https://www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/photo-gallery/imported_from_media_libray/thumb/Issue15.jpg?bwg=1632168909",
"https://www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/photo-gallery/imported_from_media_libray/thumb/Issue14.jpg?bwg=1632168909",
"https://www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/photo-gallery/imported_from_media_libray/thumb/Issue13.jpg?bwg=1632168909",
"https://www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/photo-gallery/imported_from_media_libray/thumb/Issue12.jpg?bwg=1632168909",
"https://www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/photo-gallery/imported_from_media_libray/thumb/Issue11.jpg?bwg=1632168909",
"https://www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/photo-gallery/imported_from_media_libray/thumb/Issue10.jpg?bwg=1632168909",
"https://www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/photo-gallery/imported_from_media_libray/thumb/Issue9.jpg?bwg=1632168909",
"https://www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/photo-gallery/imported_from_media_libray/thumb/Issue8.jpg?bwg=1632168909",
"https://www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/photo-gallery/imported_from_media_libray/thumb/Issue7.jpg?bwg=1632168909",
"https://www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/photo-gallery/imported_from_media_libray/thumb/Issue6.jpg?bwg=1632168909",
"https://www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/photo-gallery/imported_from_media_libray/thumb/Issue5.jpg?bwg=1632168909",
"https://www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/photo-gallery/imported_from_media_libray/thumb/Issue4.jpg?bwg=1632168909",
"https://www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/photo-gallery/imported_from_media_libray/thumb/Issue3.jpg?bwg=1632168909",
"https://www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/photo-gallery/imported_from_media_libray/thumb/Issue2.jpg?bwg=1632168909",
"https://www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/photo-gallery/imported_from_media_libray/thumb/Issue1.jpg?bwg=1632168909",
"https://www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/photo-gallery/imported_from_media_libray/thumb/auth_logo_bw.jpg?bwg=1632168602",
"https://www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/photo-gallery/imported_from_media_libray/thumb/IATC.jpg?bwg=1632168602",
"https://www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/photo-gallery/imported_from_media_libray/thumb/JIN-logo150x150.jpg?bwg=1632168602",
"https://www.critical-stages.org/24/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/photo-gallery/imported_from_media_libray/thumb/illinois150.jpg?bwg=1632168602",
"https://www.critical-stages.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/88x31.png"
] |
[
"https://www.youtube.com/embed/p2dLsgMSCuI?feature=oembed",
"https://www.youtube.com/embed/P_9RiVgQnjE?feature=oembed",
"https://www.youtube.com/embed/QXPIeKOVv0Q?feature=oembed",
"https://www.youtube.com/embed/Z6f0z7i41NU?feature=oembed"
] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Ian Herbert"
] |
2021-12-13T21:56:53+00:00
|
Ian Herbert* Antony Sher, who has died from cancer at the age of 72 (14 June 1949–2 December 2021), has been frequently described as one of the greatest actors of his generation, a view shared by H…
|
en
|
Critical Stages/Scènes critiques
|
https://www.critical-stages.org/24/sir-antony-sher-actor-artist-diarist-novelist-playwright/
|
Ian Herbert*
Antony Sher, who has died from cancer at the age of 72 (14 June 1949–2 December 2021), has been frequently described as one of the greatest actors of his generation, a view shared by HRH Prince Charles, an avid Shakespeare enthusiast, who named him in 2017 as his favourite actor.
Born in South Africa of Lithuanian Jewish parents, he grew up in the seaside suburb of Sea Point, Cape Town, where one could look out from the shore on Robben Island, Nelson Mandela’s prison. His talent as an artist was recognised at an early age, but it was his ambition to become an actor that led him to leave with his parents for Britain in 1968. There he was rejected firmly by two leading drama schools, finally gaining a place at the less prestigious Webber Douglas academy. His course there from 1969–71 was followed by a postgraduate year in Manchester.
His professional career proper began at the Everyman Theatre, Liverpool, in a repertory company founded by Terry Hands, who would later mentor him in the Royal Shakespeare Company, where he was to play so many leading roles. He played Ringo in Willy Russell’s play about local heroes the Beatles—John, Paul, George, Ringo—and Bert, transferring it to the West End in 1974 with a cast that included Trevor Eve, Bernard Hill and the singer Barbara Dickson.
In London, in 1975, he worked with the fringe company Gay Sweatshop, alongside his first partner, Jim Hooper, before David Hare directed him that year in his play Teeth’n’Smiles at the Royal Court, where he also appeared in Caryl Churchill’s Cloud Nine, 1979.
He did little work for television, but his 1981 performance as an odious university lecturer in the title role of The History Man, a mini-series adapted from a Malcolm Bradbury novel, is still fondly remembered.
After a 1982 West End appearance in Mike Leigh’s Goosepimples, he joined the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC) in Stratford and, in June of that year, made an immediate impression as the fool to Michael Gambon’s King Lear.
His Tartuffe in July 1983, in the RSC’s London Pit venue, had mixed reviews, but he was well received that year in Peter Barnes’s farcical plague comedy Red Noses and David Edgar’s epic left-wing history, Maydays. In Stratford the same year, he established himself as a major talent with a memorably deformed Richard III in Bill Alexander’s production, winning an Olivier award the following year when it transferred to London, jointly for that performance and his lead role in Harvey Fierstein’s gay masterpiece Torch Song Trilogy. His self-illustrated account of that time, The Year of the King, is one of his many fine literary works, which include three novels.
In April 1987, he played Shylock, again for Bill Alexander, in the RSC Merchant of Venice, where he fell in love with the young actor playing Solanio, one Gregory Doran. The relationship flourished, and in 2005 the pair celebrated one of Britain’s first gay civil partnerships, later marrying in 2015. Doran, subsequently, turned his hand to directing, his many productions for the RSC bringing him the company’s Artistic Directorship in 2012. In September 2021, he stepped down temporarily from that post to nurse his husband Antony through his terminal illness.
Sher continued with the RSC in Stratford, in 1987, as Vendice in The Revenger’s Tragedy and Malvolio in Twelfth Night, transferring with the former to London in 1988. That year also included an RSC season at the Almeida Theatre, where he appeared with a fellow South African, Estelle Kohler, in Athol Fugard’s Hello and Goodbye.
In 1990, with the RSC at the Barbican, he made the most of the title role in Peter Flannery’s Singer, about a holocaust survivor turned slum landlord. After a spell with the National Theatre in 1991, playing lead roles in Kafka’s The Trial and Brecht’s Resistible Rise of Arturo Ui, he returned to the RSC in 1992 to play a magisterial Tamburlaine in Stratford, and Henry Carr in a London revival of Tom Stoppard’s Travesties in 1993.
He was directed by Greg Doran for the first time in 1994–95 as Titus Andronicus, in a production supported by the National Theatre but rehearsed and first seen at Barney Simon’s Market Theatre, Johannesburg with a South African supporting cast. The show’s complete failure with the local audience, just after the end of apartheid, is amusingly reported in Sher and Doran’s diary of the adventure, Woza Shakespeare! which was, however, able to record its success with English audiences on its subsequent tour to Leeds and (briefly) the National’s Cottesloe Theatre.
His remarkable 1996 performance as the artist Stanley Spencer in Pam Gems’s bioplay Stanley was seen first at the National (where it won him his second Olivier award) and the following year on Broadway, gaining him a Tony nomination. 1997 saw him back in Stratford and, subsequently, the West End, as Cyrano de Bergerac. There followed two more major Shakespearean roles for the RSC, Leontes in The Winter’s Tale (1998) and Macbeth (1999), with Harriet Walter as Lady Macbeth.
In 2000, he was appointed KBE (Knight of the British Empire).
In 2001, he appeared at the Aldwych in the title role of Mahler’s Conversion, a play by his cousin Ronald Harwood, directed by Doran, about the Viennese composer’s renunciation of his Jewish faith before becoming conductor of the Vienna State Opera. It had a disappointingly short run. He, then, took two leads in the RSC’s 2002 Jacobean season in Stratford, which producer Bill Kenwright then brought to the West End.
At the Almeida in 2003, he appeared in his own first play, I.D., as the assassin of Hendrik Verwoerd, known as the architect of apartheid, following it in 2004 with another piece of his own, this time a solo, Primo, set in Auschwitz and based on the writings of Primo Levi, which he took from the National Theatre to the Music Box, New York, in 2005. Earlier in 2004, he had played a splendidly devious Iago to the Othello of another South African actor, Selle Maake ka Ncube, directed in Stratford’s Swan by Doran. In 2007, he portrayed another barnstorming actor in Sartre’s Kean, transferring from Guildford to the West End. In November of that year, his next play, The Giant, an RSC commission, imagining a conflict between Leonardo and Michelangelo over the sculpture of David in Florence, was directed by Doran at Hampstead.
He returned to South Africa in 2008 to play Prospero in a much-admired Baxter Theatre production of The Tempest, directed by his childhood friend Janice Honeyman with the great John Kani as Caliban, which came to Stratford as part of its 2009 UK tour.
After a 2010 stint as anti-hero Thomas Stockmann in An Enemy of the People, directed by Daniel Evans in Sheffield, he played in Arthur Miller’s Kristallnacht evocation Broken Glass at the Vaudeville (2011), followed by Nicholas Wright’s Travelling Light at the National (directed by Nichols Hytner, 2012) and Terry Johnson’s Hysteria, in which he played Sigmund Freud, at the Theatre Royal Bath (2012), repeating the role at Hampstead in 2013.
2014 saw his return to Stratford as Falstaff in the two parts of Henry IV, followed by a triumphant Willy Loman in Death of a Salesman, transferring in the latter to the West End. Henry IV returned to the Barbican in 2016, when Sher played his final great Shakespeare role as King Lear, reprising it in 2018.
His last appearance was with John Kani in Kunene and the King, the latter’s two-hander, which moved from Stratford in 2019 to London in January 2020, where its run was sadly curtailed by the arrival of COVID. Kani’s obituary tribute was simple:
Both Tony Sher and I were born when our country South Africa was the worst place a child could be born let alone to be raised by parents who worked very hard to prepare their children for a difficult future—Apartheid South Africa. By the Grace of his God and my Ancestors, like Romeo and Juliet, we found each other in 1973. We travelled together as compatriots, comrades in the struggle for a better South Africa, as fellow artists and we both had the honour of celebrating together twenty-five years of South Africa’s Democracy in my latest play Kunene and the King. I am at peace with you my friend and myself. Exit my King.
Sher played almost every leading Shakespearean role except Hamlet—in a 2018 interview he said:
Looking back now, I wish I’d played Hamlet, which I didn’t do out of a sense of oppression . . .There was an old-fashioned idea that he had to be tall and handsome and blond. But that’s nonsense, of course. I missed it and it’s my own fault. But otherwise, Shakespeare served me very well. I’m very grateful.
Short of stature, artistically gifted, gay, Jewish, a product of apartheid—Antony Sher made prolific use of all these traits to become one of the finest actors on the English stage, in a bravura, larger than life tradition that put him up alongside greats like Garrick, Kean, Irving and Olivier.
In spite of his extrovert stage persona, he was in private a shy, almost retiring man, who had in earlier years struggled to overcome both mental illness and a serious cocaine addiction, from which his loving partner Gregory Doran was able to release him.
|
|||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 57
|
https://mashable.com/article/sag-awards-2024-winners
|
en
|
Here are the 2024 SAG Awards winners
|
[
"https://helios-i.mashable.com/imagery/articles/03T8Zjz71F1Qlav5YlvLKWj/hero-image.fill.size_1248x702.v1708875993.jpg",
"https://mashable.com/images/mashable-games-mobile.png",
"https://mashable.com/images/mashable-games-desktop.png",
"https://helios-i.mashable.com/imagery/articles/02cwiQZJUsf4mOFDFRvT0Hw/hero-image.fill.size_220x133.v1718596660.png",
"https://helios-i.mashable.com/imagery/articles/02cwiQZJUsf4mOFDFRvT0Hw/hero-image.fill.size_220x220.v1718596660.png",
"https://helios-i.mashable.com/imagery/articles/02gO5aJxwgYFHa2Rwr0oRYl/hero-image.fill.size_220x133.v1686154862.png",
"https://helios-i.mashable.com/imagery/articles/02gO5aJxwgYFHa2Rwr0oRYl/hero-image.fill.size_220x220.v1686154862.png",
"https://helios-i.mashable.com/imagery/articles/07aYuYaL6OuunpeEeOeYi4V/hero-image.fill.size_220x133.v1719854402.jpg",
"https://helios-i.mashable.com/imagery/articles/07aYuYaL6OuunpeEeOeYi4V/hero-image.fill.size_220x220.v1719854402.jpg",
"https://helios-i.mashable.com/imagery/articles/01XKRvz8QDZDHVf0n1RGoU7/hero-image.fill.size_220x133.v1722103869.jpg",
"https://helios-i.mashable.com/imagery/articles/01XKRvz8QDZDHVf0n1RGoU7/hero-image.fill.size_220x220.v1722103869.jpg",
"https://helios-i.mashable.com/imagery/articles/04yfa2LJJdetTHYfcwwCAyb/hero-image.fill.size_220x133.v1719688715.jpg",
"https://helios-i.mashable.com/imagery/articles/04yfa2LJJdetTHYfcwwCAyb/hero-image.fill.size_220x220.v1719688715.jpg",
"https://helios-i.mashable.com/imagery/articles/05noDs3lGn5aG9mK2LsfmvJ/hero-image.fill.size_220x133.v1724014953.jpg",
"https://helios-i.mashable.com/imagery/articles/05noDs3lGn5aG9mK2LsfmvJ/hero-image.fill.size_220x220.v1724014953.jpg",
"https://helios-i.mashable.com/imagery/articles/027VmAfRFxejQ5PApAJKNL6/hero-image.fill.size_220x133.v1724014660.jpg",
"https://helios-i.mashable.com/imagery/articles/027VmAfRFxejQ5PApAJKNL6/hero-image.fill.size_220x220.v1724014660.jpg",
"https://helios-i.mashable.com/imagery/articles/02Vz4nFE248mpkNvSgcZKFp/hero-image.fill.size_220x133.v1723833867.jpg",
"https://helios-i.mashable.com/imagery/articles/02Vz4nFE248mpkNvSgcZKFp/hero-image.fill.size_220x220.v1723833867.jpg",
"https://helios-i.mashable.com/imagery/articles/07vypbk9IasuSaHp3Ia7arf/hero-image.fill.size_220x133.v1723735295.png",
"https://helios-i.mashable.com/imagery/articles/07vypbk9IasuSaHp3Ia7arf/hero-image.fill.size_220x220.v1723735295.png",
"https://helios-i.mashable.com/imagery/articles/00pdKgNtVUhx8XdHCw1PSWr/hero-image.fill.size_220x133.v1724058341.jpg",
"https://helios-i.mashable.com/imagery/articles/00pdKgNtVUhx8XdHCw1PSWr/hero-image.fill.size_220x220.v1724058341.jpg",
"https://c.evidon.com/pub/icong1.png"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Matt Binder"
] |
2024-02-25T15:51:09+00:00
|
The Bear and Oppenheimer cleaned up at the 2024 SAG Awards.
|
en
|
/favicons/favicon.svg
|
Mashable
|
https://mashable.com/article/sag-awards-2024-winners
|
The Bear and Oppenheimer cleaned up at the 2024 SAG Awards. Credit: ROBYN BECK/AFP via Getty Images
If you aren't quite sure what to expect at this year's Academy Awards, the 2024 Screen Actors Guild Awards should help foreshadow what to expect.
This year's big winner: Oppenheimer. Christopher Nolan's blockbuster took home the night's big award with a win in the Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture category. Cillian Murphy and Robert Downey Jr. also took home awards for their performances in the film.
In the TV category, The Bear and The Last of Us were big winners. And Beef cleaned up in the miniseries category.
Mashable Top Stories
Stay connected with the hottest stories of the day and the latest entertainment news.
Sign up for Mashable's Top Stories newsletter
By signing up you agree to our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.
Thanks for signing up!
All-in-all, if you watched this year's Golden Globes, you basically saw how the SAG Awards were going down.
Here are the 2024 SAG Awards winners:
Outstanding action performance by a stunt ensemble in a television series
Ahsoka
Barry
Beef
The Last of Us
The Mandalorian
Outstanding action performance by a stunt ensemble in a motion picture
Barbie
Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3
Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny
John Wick: Chapter 4
Mission: Impossible — Dead Reckoning Part One
Outstanding performance by a female actor in a television movie or limited series
Uzo Aduba, Painkiller
Kathryn Hahn, Tiny Beautiful Things
Brie Larson, Lessons in Chemistry
Bel Powley, A Small Light
Ali Wong, Beef
Outstanding performance by a male actor in a television movie or limited series
Matt Bomer, Fellow Travelers
Jon Hamm, Fargo
David Oyelowo, Lawmen: Bass Reeves
Tony Shalhoub, Mr. Monk's Last Case: A Monk Movie
Steven Yeun, Beef
Outstanding performance by a female actor in a comedy series
Alex Borstein, The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel
Rachel Brosnahan, The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel
Quinta Brunson, Abbott Elementary
Ayo Edebiri, The Bear
Hannah Waddingham, Ted Lasso
Outstanding performance by a male actor in a comedy series
Brett Goldstein, Ted Lasso
Bill Hader, Barry
Ebon Moss-Bachrach, The Bear
Jason Sudeikis, Ted Lasso
Jeremy Allen White, The Bear
Outstanding performance by an ensemble in a comedy series
Abbott Elementary
Barry
The Bear
Only Murders in the Building
Ted Lasso
Outstanding performance by a male actor in a drama series
Brian Cox, Succession
Billy Crudup, The Morning Show
Kieran Culkin, Succession
Matthew Macfadyen, Succession
Pedro Pascal, The Last of Us
Outstanding performance by a female actor in a drama series
Jennifer Aniston, The Morning Show
Elizabeth Debicki, The Crown
Bella Ramsey, The Last of Us
Keri Russell, The Diplomat
Sarah Snook, Succession
Outstanding performance by an ensemble in a drama series
The Crown
The Gilded Age
The Last of Us
The Morning Show
Succession
Outstanding performance by a female actor in a supporting role
Emily Blunt, Oppenheimer
Danielle Brooks, The Color Purple
Penélope Cruz, Ferrari
Jodie Foster, Nyad
Da'Vine Joy Randolph, The Holdovers
Outstanding performance by a male actor in a supporting role
Sterling K. Brown, American Fiction
Willem Dafoe, Poor Things
Robert De Niro, Killers of the Flower Moon
Robert Downey Jr., Oppenheimer
Ryan Gosling, Barbie
Outstanding performance by a female actor in a leading role
Annette Bening, Nyad
Lily Gladstone, Killers of the Flower Moon
Carey Mulligan, Maestro
Margot Robbie, Barbie
Emma Stone, Poor Things
Outstanding performance by a male actor in a leading role
Bradley Cooper, Maestro
Colman Domingo, Rustin
Paul Giamatti, The Holdovers
Cillian Murphy, Oppenheimer
Jeffrey Wright, American Fiction
Outstanding performance by a cast in a motion picture
American Fiction
Barbie
The Color Purple
Killers of the Flower Moon
Oppenheimer
|
||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 3
|
https://www.sagawards.org/awards/nominees-and-recipients/30th-annual-screen-actors-guild-awards
|
en
|
The 30th Annual Screen Actors Guild Awards
|
https://www.sagawards.org/themes/custom/sagawards_theme/favicon.ico
|
https://www.sagawards.org/themes/custom/sagawards_theme/favicon.ico
|
[
"https://www.sagawards.org/themes/custom/sagawards_theme/logo.png",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/AmericanFiction.jpg?itok=q4bduB3W",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/Barbie.jpg?itok=6lhYM6zw",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/purpleeee.png?itok=GmpjGpMp",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/KillersoftheFlowerMoon.png?itok=UdoZawoC",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/Oppenheimer.jpg?itok=xuF_Axeq",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/NYAD_Annette%20Bening.jpg?itok=iJgpQ386",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/KillersoftheFlowerMoon_LilyGladstone.jpg?itok=CRQubo0H",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/Maestro_CareyMulligan_0.jpg?itok=cOW365gE",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/margot.png?itok=WJgXM8gG",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/PoorThings_EmmaStone.jpg?itok=rrcmDCL-",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/Maestro_BradleyCooper.JPG?itok=qPE74MUo",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/Rustin_ColmanDomingo.jpg?itok=L5-VoezJ",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/TheHoldovers_PaulGiamatti.jpg?itok=QGch9T_W",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/Oppenheimer_CillianMurphyjpg.jpg?itok=yoHrZQlV",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/AmericanFiction_JeffreyWright.jpg?itok=iLfHYe3j",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/emily%20new%20new.png?itok=VTWsd2rd",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/TheColorPurple_DanielleBrooks.jpg?itok=_mM8binQ",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/Ferrari_Pene%CC%81lopeCruz.jpg?itok=X-ginp5R",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/NYAD_JodieFoster.jpg?itok=h9eywuGx",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/TheHoldovers_Da%E2%80%99VineRandolph.jpg?itok=lPyCUZwX",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/stkb.png?itok=J8ibSxDB",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/willem%20new.png?itok=YEh85z2Y",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/deniro%20new.png?itok=D7IdYo1V",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/rdj%20new.png?itok=xq_5-2_x",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/RYAN.png?itok=tk7p6lf6",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/TheCrown.jpg?itok=5jYNs22z",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/TheGildedAge.png?itok=MdgvuxAa",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/TheLastofUs%20%281%29.png?itok=MS7vIakD",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/TheMorningShow.png?itok=ezwX5ZYP",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/Succession.png?itok=0tIyx8Zz",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/TheMorningShow_Jennifer%20%20Aniston.jpg?itok=K2M6wRD4",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/TheCrown_ElizabethDebicki.jpg?itok=84IY7i7j",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/TheLastofUs_Bella%20Ramsey.jpg?itok=ZOpult2N",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/TheDiplomat_KeriRussell.jpg?itok=C6QrAgRu",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/Succession_SarahSnook.png?itok=vM97F8l9",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/Succession_BrianCox.jpg?itok=B1Fe6DWr",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/TheMorningShow_Billy%20%20Crudup.jpg?itok=d8YewGBg",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/Succession_KieranCulkin.jpg?itok=Xa8Yz1Xe",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/Succession_MatthewMacfadyen.jpg?itok=x6pOQJ9N",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/TheLastofUs_PedroPascal.jpg?itok=MIb0HBWY",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/AbbottElementary.jpg?itok=8Nd2Nql9",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/Barry.png?itok=g2PzJWC7",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/TheBear.jpg?itok=rXI1V6Rs",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/OnlyMurdersintheBuilding.jpg?itok=Gq6UdpkN",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/TedLasso.jpg?itok=IhmwfZlP",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/TheMarvelousMrsMaisel_AlexBorstein.jpg?itok=qE9dkNUg",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/TheMarvelousMrsMaisel_RachelBrosnahan.jpg?itok=fow8P7-p",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/AbbottElementary_QuintaBrunson.jpg?itok=YsnnYQjq",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/TheBear_AyoEdebiri.jpg?itok=5yJ4ePtd",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/TedLasso_Hannah%20%20%20Waddingham.jpg?itok=p2bG_uNN",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/TedLasso_Brett%20%20Goldstein.jpg?itok=JsA1F1QB",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/Barry_BillHader.jpg?itok=bp5UMuRH",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/ebin%20new.png?itok=PaMaYwGC",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/TedLasso_Jason%20%20Sudeikis.jpg?itok=J2YGqBqu",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/jeremy%20new.png?itok=BYJv3IWa",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/Painkiller_Uzo%20Aduba.jpg?itok=3uFcLr2F",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/TinyBeautifulThings_KathrynHahn.jpg?itok=OLlhLBt9",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/LessonsinChemistry_Brie%20Larson.jpg?itok=adnMNwvO",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/ASmallLight_BelPowley.jpg?itok=DVHVj3UN",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/BEEF_AliWong.jpg?itok=e9-8hzEb",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/mat%20bomer%20new.png?itok=MdlAmWQZ",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/Fargo_JonHamm.jpg?itok=Bsw0lNMf",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/LawmenBassReeves_David%20Oyelowo.jpg?itok=z5BkDbAt",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/MrMonksLastCaseAMonkMovie_TonyShalhoub.jpg?itok=cLzm2-4W",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/BEEF_StevenYeun.jpg?itok=3p7bepIZ",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/Barbie.png?itok=v2NOSLHT",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/gaurdians%20new.png?itok=8uwtfTs5",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/indiana%20jones.png?itok=1Fl_6Hvm",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/john%20wick%20new.png?itok=pBB7co2n",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/MissionImpossibleDeadReckoningPartOne.png?itok=yKJBWDON",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/Ahsoka.png?itok=DbEhctn0",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/Barry%20%281%29.png?itok=_ShCYgAD",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/Beef.png?itok=Rdjb1MMq",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/TheLastofUs_0.png?itok=7dQ6XWVv",
"https://www.sagawards.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_gallery/public/2024-01/Manda.png?itok=CUvQXkrm",
"https://www.sagawards.org/themes/custom/sagawards_theme/logo.png"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null |
en
|
/themes/custom/sagawards_theme/favicon.ico
|
https://www.sagawards.org/awards/nominees-and-recipients/30th-annual-screen-actors-guild-awards
|
SUNDAY, FEBRUARY 23, 2025
LIVE ON NETFLIX
8PM PT / 5PM ET
|
||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
2
| 55
|
https://www.news4jax.com/entertainment/2021/12/03/acclaimed-shakespearean-actor-antony-sher-dies-at-72/
|
en
|
Acclaimed Shakespearean actor Antony Sher dies at 72
|
[
"https://t.gmg.io/header/wjxt-logo.png",
"https://t.gmg.io/header/favicon/wjxt.svg",
"https://www.news4jax.com/static-resources/shared/images/omneLogo.svg",
"https://www.news4jax.com/static-resources/shared/images/gmg_dark.svg",
"https://www.news4jax.com/static-resources/shared/images/gd_dark.svg"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
"Harriet Walter",
"John Kani",
"Queen Elizabeth II",
"Primo Levi",
"Arts",
"Arthur Miller",
"entertainment",
"Harvey Fierstein"
] | null |
[
"Jill Lawless",
"Associated Press"
] |
2021-12-03T00:00:00
|
Antony Sher, one of the most acclaimed Shakespearean actors of his generation, has died aged 72.
|
en
|
/pf/resources/images/wjxt/favicon.ico?d=758
|
WJXT
|
https://www.news4jax.com/entertainment/2021/12/03/acclaimed-shakespearean-actor-antony-sher-dies-at-72/
|
LONDON – Antony Sher, one of the most acclaimed Shakespearean actors of his generation, has died aged 72, the Royal Shakespeare Company said Friday.
Sher had been diagnosed with terminal cancer earlier this year. His husband, Royal Shakespeare Company Artistic Director Gregory Doran, took leave from his job to care for him.
Born in Cape Town, South Africa in 1949, Sher moved to Britain in the late 1960s to study drama. He joined the RSC in 1982 and had a breakthrough role in 1984 as the usurping king in “Richard III.”
He went on to play most of Shakespeare’s meaty male roles, including Falstaff in the “Henry IV” plays, Leontes in “The Winter’s Tale,” Shylock in “The Merchant of Venice,” Iago in “Othello” and the title characters in “Macbeth” and “King Lear.”
Non-Shakespearean roles for the company, based in the Bard’s hometown of Stratford-upon-Avon, included Willy Loman in Arthur Miller's “Death of a Salesman” and the title role in Moliere's “Tartuffe.”
Sher also performed with Liverpool’s innovative Everyman Theatre and at many of London’s main theaters, getting his first West End starring role as a drag artist in Harvey Fierstein’s “Torch Song Trilogy.” He won the 1985 best-actor Olivier Award jointly for “Torch Song Trilogy” and “Richard III.”
He gained a second Olivier, as well as a Tony Award nomination for playing artist Stanley Spencer in Pam Gems’ “Stanley” at the National Theatre and on Broadway.
After winning acclaim as a pillar of British theater, Sher began to explore both his Jewish and his South African heritage.
He adapted Primo Levi’s powerful Auschwitz memoir “If This is a Man” into a one-man stage show, “Primo,” that ran on Broadway in 2005.
He created the solo show despite being afflicted with debilitating stage fright.
“If you suffer from stage fright, is it a good idea to perform a one-man show? The answer, surprisingly, turns out to be yes,” Sher told the Associated Press in 2005. “It is the best cure for stage fright in the world, because it’s make or break. There’s no middle ground.”
Sher's last role for the RSC came in 2019 in South African writer John Kani’s “Kunene and The King.” Sher played a veteran actor diagnosed with cancer, looked after by a Black South African carer.
Kani, who starred opposite Sher, said the two men had been “comrades in the struggle for a better South Africa.”
On television, Sher starred as a memorably sleazy university lecturer in 1981 BBC series “The History Man.” His film roles included Dr. Moth in “Shakespeare in Love,” Benjamin Disraeli in “Mrs Brown” and Adolf Hitler in “Churchill: The Hollywood Years.”
Sher also wrote several novels and theatrical memoirs, along with an autobiography, “Beside Myself,” and exhibited his paintings and drawings in galleries. He was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II in 2000, becoming Sir Antony Sher.
“I think he always felt like an outsider and his outsider’s vision was his strength,” said Harriet Walter, who starred opposite Sher in “Macbeth” and “Death of a Salesman.”
“He had abundant creative energy and protean powers and an almost clinical curiosity about what makes people tick,” she said.
Shakespeare scholar James Shapiro said Sher’s performances “profoundly deepened my understanding of Shakespeare.”
“He was a brilliant actor and an incredibly kind and thoughtful person,” Shapiro said. “Hamlet put it best: “take him for all in all, I shall not look upon his like again.’”
Sher and Doran were one of the first couples to have a civil partnership in Britain after same-sex unions were legalized in 2005. They married in 2015 when the U.K. legalized gay marriage.
|
||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 16
|
https://www.etonline.com/2024-sag-awards-the-complete-winners-list-220125
|
en
|
2024 SAG Awards: The Complete Winners List
|
[
"https://www.etonline.com/sites/default/files/styles/120x120/public/images/2024-02/eilishmccarthy.jpg?h=c673cd1c&width=128&quality=75 1x, https://www.etonline.com/sites/default/files/styles/120x120/public/images/2024-02/eilishmccarthy.jpg?h=c673cd1c&width=256&quality=75 2x",
"https://www.etonline.com/sites/default/files/styles/120x120/public/images/2024-02/ETD_INTV_SAG_Sheryl_Lee_Ralph_20240224.jpg?h=d1cb525d&width=128&quality=75 1x, https://www.etonline.com/sites/default/files/styles/120x120/public/images/2024-02/ETD_INTV_SAG_Sheryl_Lee_Ralph_20240224.jpg?h=d1cb525d&width=256&quality=75 2x",
"https://www.etonline.com/sites/default/files/styles/120x120/public/images/2024-02/GettyImages-2036578558.jpg?h=79848c80&width=128&quality=75 1x, https://www.etonline.com/sites/default/files/styles/120x120/public/images/2024-02/GettyImages-2036578558.jpg?h=79848c80&width=256&quality=75 2x",
"https://www.etonline.com/sites/default/files/styles/640x360/public/images/2024-02/mk-Ali-Wong-1920-x-800-GALLERY-HERO.jpg?h=1a1366bc&width=753&quality=80 1x, https://www.etonline.com/sites/default/files/styles/640x360/public/images/2024-02/mk-Ali-Wong-1920-x-800-GALLERY-HERO.jpg?h=1a1366bc&width=753&quality=80 2x"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
"Entertainment Tonight",
"Awards",
"Movies",
"News",
"TV",
"SAG Awards"
] | null |
[
"Zach Seemayer"
] |
2024-02-24T19:50:39-08:00
|
See who took home the film and TV acting honors at the 30th annual Screen Actors Guild Awards.
|
en
|
/img/favicons/apple-icon-57x57.png
|
Entertainment Tonight
|
https://www.etonline.com/2024-sag-awards-the-complete-winners-list-220125
|
Hollywood's biggest names gathered at the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles on Saturday, where the 30th annual Screen Actors Guild Awards -- honoring the best film and TV performances of the past year -- were handed out live.
Going into the star-studded ceremony, Barbie and Oppenheimer led the pack with the most nominations, four each -- including Outstanding Cast in a Motion Picture and individual noms for many of their stars. Oppenheimer ultimately won the Outstanding Cast in a Motion Picture category, with Cillian Murphy being named Outstanding Male Actor in a Leading Role.
Meanwhile, on the TV side of things, Hulu's The Bear continued its winning streak, taking home the award for Outstanding Ensemble in a Comedy Series. Star Jeremy Allen White was also crowned Outstanding Male Actor in a Comedy Series, while his co-star, Ayo Edebiri, won the trophy for Outstanding Female Actor in a Comedy Series.
Additionally, Barbra Streisand was honored with the Life Achievement Award for her legendary acting career.
So who else emerged victorious at this year's show? Check out the winners list below.
FILM
Outstanding Cast in a Motion Picture
American Fiction
Barbie
The Color Purple
Killers of the Flower Moon
Oppenheimer-- **WINNER!
Outstanding Male Actor in a Leading Role
Bradley Cooper, Maestro
Colman Domingo, Rustin
Paul Giamatti, The Holdovers
Cillian Murphy, Oppenheimer -- **WINNER!
Jeffrey Wright, American Fiction
Outstanding Female Actor in a Leading Role
Annette Bening, Nyad
Lily Gladstone, Killers of the Flower Moon -- **WINNER!
Carey Mulligan, Maestro
Margot Robbie, Barbie
Emma Stone, Poor Things
Outstanding Male Actor in a Supporting Role
Sterling K. Brown, American Fiction
Willem Dafoe, Poor Things
Robert De Niro, Killers of the Flower Moon
Robert Downey Jr., Oppenheimer -- **WINNER!
Ryan Gosling, Barbie
Outstanding Female Actor in a Supporting Role
Emily Blunt, Oppenheimer
Danielle Brooks, The Color Purple
Penélope Cruz, Ferrari
Jodie Foster, Nyad
Da’vine Joy Randolph, The Holdovers -- **WINNER!
Outstanding Stunt Ensemble in a Motion Picture
Barbie
Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3
Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny
John Wick: Chapter 4
Mission: Impossible - Dead Reckoning Part One -- **WINNER!
TELEVISION
Outstanding Ensemble in a Drama Series
The Crown
The Gilded Age
The Last of Us
The Morning Show
Succession-- **WINNER!
Outstanding Male Actor in a Drama Series
Brian Cox, Succession
Billy Crudup, The Morning Show
Kieran Culkin, Succession
Matthew Macfadyen, Succession
Pedro Pascal, The Last Of Us -- **WINNER!
Outstanding Female Actor in a Drama Series
Jennifer Aniston, The Morning Show
Elizabeth Debicki, The Crown-- **WINNER!
Bella Ramsey, The Last Of Us
Keri Russell, The Diplomat
Sarah Snook, Succession
Outstanding Ensemble in a Comedy Series
Abbott Elementary
Barry
The Bear-- **WINNER!
Only Murders in the Building
Ted Lasso
Outstanding Female Actor in a Comedy Series
Alex Borstein, The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel
Rachel Brosnahan, The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel
Quinta Brunson, Abbott Elementary
Ayo Edebiri, The Bear -- **WINNER!
Hannah Waddingham, Ted Lasso
Outstanding Male Actor in a Comedy Series
Brett Goldstein, Ted Lasso
Bill Hader, Barry
Ebon Moss-Bachrach, The Bear
Jason Sudeikis, Ted Lasso
Jeremy Allen White, The Bear-- **WINNER!
Outstanding Female Actor in a Television Movie or Limited Series
Uzo Aduba, Painkiller
Kathryn Hahn, Tiny Beautiful Things
Brie Larson, Lessons In Chemistry
Bel Powley, A Small Light
Ali Wong, Beef-- **WINNER!
Outstanding Male Actor in a Television Movie or Limited Series
Matt Bomer, Fellow Travelers
Jon Hamm, Fargo
David Oyelowo, Lawmen: Bass Reeves
Tony Shalhoub, Mr. Monk's Last Case: A Monk Movie
Steven Yeun, Beef -- **WINNER!
Outstanding Stunt Ensemble in a Television Series
Ahsoka
Barry
Beef
The Last of Us -- **WINNER!
The Mandalorian
The 2024 Screen Actors Guild Awards aired Saturday, Feb. 24, at 5 p.m. PT/8 p.m. ET and streamed live on Netflix from the Shrine Auditorium & Expo Hall in Los Angeles. Follow along at ETonline.com for full coverage from the awards show, including red carpet arrivals, winners and more.
|
||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
2
| 14
|
https://playbill.com/person/antony-sher-vault-0000024645
|
en
|
Antony Sher (Performer)
|
[
"https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=33044428&cv=3.1&cj=1",
"https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=925349244281937&ev=PageView&noscript=1",
"https://pixel.quantserve.com/pixel/p-d4EOGSLZ4snXA.gif",
"https://assets.playbill.com/site/main-logo-trimmed_2023-03-27-021655_agag.png",
"https://assets.playbill.com/site/Playbill-P-Logo-1-5-line_2023-03-27-021704_bzom.png",
"https://assets.playbill.com/head-shots/48039683002803448ec55b8fcf55d384-Antony-Sher.jpg",
"https://assets.playbill.com/playbill-covers/_bspTableThumb/7cf4387ab63e52577a27e592a95f438e-Primo-Playbill-07-05.jpg",
"https://assets.playbill.com/playbill-inside/_bspTableThumb/f3a6a38f802df20a1960a3a00567bb6d-Primo-Jul-08-05-4.jpg",
"https://assets.playbill.com/playbill-covers/_bspTableThumb/0192e6ec28e30ff507af016861403798-Stanley-Playbill-02-97.jpg",
"https://assets.playbill.com/playbill-inside/_bspTableThumb/4677f25cf3a6f6dc8e86519c6c527065-Stanley-Feb-20-97-5.jpg",
"https://cdn.playbill.com/ad-block-logo.png"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] |
2020-06-03T23:18:43-04:00
|
en
|
Playbill
|
https://playbill.com/person/antony-sher-vault-0000024645
|
Blocking belongs
on the stage,
not on websites.
Our website is made possible by
displaying online advertisements to our visitors.
|
||||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
3
| 58
|
https://variety.com/lists/every-sag-awards-cast-ensemble-film-winner/
|
en
|
Every SAG Cast Ensemble Film Winner (Since 1994)
|
[
"https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=6035310&c4=&cv=3.9&cj=1",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/SAG-Awards-Ceremony.jpg?w=1000&h=563&crop=1",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/MCDEVEV_EC092-e1660712042570.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Coda-Movie-French-Remake.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Trial-of-the-Chicago-7.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/0406df109cf6171d7cb1ec49d676069c.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MCDBLPA_EC167-e1645230576850.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MCDTHBI_FS007.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/hidden-figures-diversity.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/Spotlight.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MCDBIRD_FE020-e1645230883944.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MCDAMHU_EC001-e1645231117926.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MCDARGO_EC014-e1645231183914.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MCDHELP_EC012-e1645231220107.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MCDKISP_EC060.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/ib_03675.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MCDSLMI_FS128.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/No-Country-for-Old-Men.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Little-Miss-Sunshine.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/Crash.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MCDSIDE_FE018.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MCDLOOF_EC164-1.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MCDCHIC_EC061.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MCDGOPA_EC005.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MSDTRAF_EC009.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MSDAMBE_EC055.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MSDSHIN_EC024.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MSDFUMO_FE024.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MSDBIRD_EC043-e1645234939717.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MCDAPTH_EC028-e1645235155111.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Forrest-Gump.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/everything-everywhere.jpg?w=300",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://variety.com/wp-content/themes/pmc-variety-2020/assets/public/lazyload-fallback.gif",
"https://pixel.quantserve.com/pixel?a.1=&a.2=p-31f3D02tYU8zY",
"https://px.ads.linkedin.com/collect/?pid=1429113&fmt=gif"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Clayton Davis"
] |
2023-04-05T19:45:00+00:00
|
Every SAG Awards cast ensemble winner including "Chicago," "Lord of the Rings," "Black Panther," "Parasite" and "Everything Everywhere All at Once."
|
en
|
Variety
|
https://variety.com/lists/every-sag-awards-cast-ensemble-film-winner/
|
SAG Notable Facts and Figures
Thirteen winners for best cast ensemble have won the Oscar for best picture.
Four films have won the Oscar for best picture without being nominated for cast ensemble: “Braveheart” (1995), “The Shape of Water” (2017), “Green Book” (2018) and “Nomadland” (2020).
Only one film has won cast ensemble without being nominated for best picture: MGM/UAR’s “The Birdcage” (1996)
11 women have directed films nominated for cast ensemble: Jocelyn Moorhouse (“How to Make an American Quilt”), Valerie Faris (“Little Miss Sunshine”), Kathryn Bigelow (“The Hurt Locker”), Lone Scherfig (“An Education”), Lisa Cholodenko (“The Kids Are All Right”), Dee Rees (“Mudbound”), Greta Gerwig (“Lady Bird”), Regina King (“One Night in Miami”), Siân Heder (“CODA”) and Sarah Polley (“Women Talking”). None have done it a second time. Faris and Heder are the only winners to date.
The directors whose movies have been nominated for cast ensemble the most: Clint Eastwood, Ron Howard, Peter Jackson, David O. Russell, Martin Scorsese and Ridley Scott’s films have been nominated three times.
No director has helmed a SAG ensemble winner more than once.
The record for the most nominations for cast ensemble solely is Cate Blanchett and Brad Pitt with seven each.
The studio that has won the most cast ensemble prizes – Fox Searchlight Pictures (now Searchlight Pictures) with six: “The Full Monty” (1997), “Sideways” (2004), “Little Miss Sunshine” (2006), “Slumdog Millionaire” (2008), “Birdman” (2014) and “Three Billboards outside Ebbing, Missouri” (2017)
A24 is the only studio to win five film awards in one year: 2022 with “Everything Everywhere All at Once” and its actors Michelle Yeoh, Ke Huy Quan and Jamie Lee Curtis, and Brendan Fraser (“The Whale”).
“Everything Everywhere All at Once” holds the record for the most wins with four — cast ensemble, actress, supporting actor and supporting actress.
Five movies have received the most SAG Award nominations in one year, with five apiece: “Shakespeare in Love” (1998), “Chicago” (2002), “Doubt” (2008), “The Banshees of Inisherin” and “Everything Everywhere All at Once” “Banshees” is the only film not to win any of its categories.
The studio with the most nominations for cast ensemble: Fox Searchlight Pictures (now Searchlight Pictures) with 16.
Two studios have had the most films nominated for cast ensemble in a single year – Netflix in 2020 (“Da 5 Bloods,” “Ma Rainey’s Black Bottom” and “The Trial of the Chicago 7”) and Miramax has done it twice: in 1996 (“The English Patient,” “Marvin’s Room” and “Sling Blade”) and 1998 (“Life is Beautiful,” “Little Voice” and “Shakespeare in Love”). 1996 is the only year that all three of its nominees lost, coincidentally, to a film that wasn’t nominated for best picture, “The Birdcage.”
|
|||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
3
| 23
|
https://www.amazon.com/Year-Mad-King-Lear-Diaries/dp/1848426712
|
en
|
Amazon.com
|
[
"https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/captcha/yniigayf/Captcha_zochkrffse.jpg",
"https://fls-na.amazon.com/1/oc-csi/1/OP/requestId=0PEYME6T03F4SJHYKJTX&js=0"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null |
en
| null |
Enter the characters you see below
Sorry, we just need to make sure you're not a robot. For best results, please make sure your browser is accepting cookies.
|
|||||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 82
|
https://toofab.com/2024/02/24/sag-awards-winners-list/
|
en
|
Screen Actors Guild Awards 2024: Full Winners List
|
[
"https://static.toofab.com/toofab-web/img/toofab-logo-white.svg",
"https://images.toofab.com/image/d7/4by3/2024/02/25/d70daff238894c08a9334a79642fac0a_md.jpg",
"https://images.toofab.com/image/fc/4by3/2024/02/25/fc2e952f97034bf8a13097df6f9d136c_md.jpg",
"https://images.toofab.com/image/44/5by4/2024/02/25/44566f35204f4851bf15124f32aa40b3_xs.jpg",
"https://images.toofab.com/image/ab/5by4/2024/02/25/ab21cf4ecb7f400295d187823314d495_xs.jpg",
"https://images.toofab.com/image/34/5by4/2024/02/25/34dfb2b300de40d9826db83d39fb0295_xs.jpg",
"https://images.toofab.com/image/d5/5by4/2024/02/25/d54a763832704f9eaecf258b00873a7d_xs.jpg",
"https://images.toofab.com/image/d2/5by4/2024/02/25/d2bbb66c2b1e4cfaa5af40f63f22d6d9_xs.jpg",
"https://images.toofab.com/image/de/2by3/2024/08/19/de34f67d1ff44ccfb2fcbff6e56733b0_xs.jpg",
"https://images.toofab.com/image/e8/2by3/2024/08/19/e89f32a0564940d7b078b916100e4b74_xs.jpg",
"https://images.toofab.com/image/94/2by3/2024/08/19/942de1a6a83a4d14a963e0ee6786eb7b_xs.jpg",
"https://images.toofab.com/image/77/2by3/2024/08/19/77911de5bf6743ceb81b33fd33f7a279_xs.jpg",
"https://images.toofab.com/image/1d/2by3/2024/08/19/1d760e0864694f868645272609951e3f_xs.jpg",
"https://images.toofab.com/image/e5/2by3/2024/08/19/e5bb04ced93a4df99628795ede16f1d2_xs.jpg",
"https://images.toofab.com/image/1d/2by3/2024/08/19/1d760e0864694f868645272609951e3f_xs.jpg",
"https://images.toofab.com/image/94/2by3/2024/08/19/944dbfefb40d47fe90a4026c5f352fa0_xs.jpg",
"https://images.toofab.com/image/f8/2by3/2024/08/19/f8e833c751d046bc81fd07749d8333be_xs.jpg",
"https://images.toofab.com/image/7f/2by3/2024/08/18/7f01dc9bc41845599d61fa90b9f27f9e_xs.jpg",
"https://images.toofab.com/image/e8/2by3/2024/08/16/e8e604f8f5174de883bb1cf6341fc8bf_xs.jpg",
"https://images.toofab.com/image/3b/2by3/2024/08/16/3b1d37a450794aec9b7b05c463eceaf3_xs.jpg",
"https://images.toofab.com/image/db/5by6/2024/08/16/db2c3c4fb19e42759796bbdc9612d9fd_md.jpg",
"https://images.toofab.com/image/5c/4by3/2024/08/12/5cfd499583e145b6968db28ec1ffd5d8_sm.jpg",
"https://images.toofab.com/image/3e/4by3/2024/07/17/3e15cab9268b402ba6bc10b160d4cc0d_sm.jpg",
"https://images.toofab.com/image/66/3by2/2024/07/17/66043ac6478c4cc086b246924cc19bbb_md.jpg",
"https://images.toofab.com/image/33/4by3/2024/07/12/33b081cfdd8d4b55bb595864c302b28c_sm.jpg",
"https://images.toofab.com/image/fb/4by3/2024/07/01/fb99e274dea74f6987a1dded9056a108_sm.jpg",
"https://images.toofab.com/image/c8/5by6/2024/07/01/c84a76336e3a429f9e798e0df126ab9a_md.jpg",
"https://images.toofab.com/image/ee/3by2/2024/07/01/ee2404225d754299a18f80b01912d4e1_md.jpg",
"https://static.toofab.com/toofab-web/img/toofab-logo-white.svg"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Toofab Staff"
] |
2024-02-24T00:00:00
|
The ceremony, streaming on Netflix at 5 p.m. PT / 8 p.m. ET Saturday February 24, is at the Los Angeles Shrine Auditorium & Expo Hall.
|
en
|
Toofab
|
https://toofab.com/2024/02/24/sag-awards-winners-list/
|
Getty
And "The Actor" goes to...
The 2024 Screen Actors Guild Awards delivered an evening of deserving wins across the board.
After a wild 2023 -- which saw SAG and the Writers Guild both strike -- the actors union celebrated their achievements in their industry, albeit for a year that saw quite the interruption in television and film.
The ceremony, streaming on Netflix at 5 p.m. PT / 8 p.m. ET Saturday February 24, was held at the Los Angeles Shrine Auditorium & Expo Hall.
As far as television goes, predictions had Succession's fourth and final season to continue its awards season sweep with five nominations for standouts Kieran Culkin, Sarah Snook, Matthew MacFadyen and Brian Cox. However, The Last of Us and The Crown stole the show.
The Bear cleaned up the awards with Jeremy Allen White and Ayo Edebiri taking home the Outstanding Award for Best Actors in the Female and Male category for a Comedy Series. Along with the whole cast taking home Best Ensemble for a Comedy Series.
However, Succession did through with its first win of the night and a fitting farewell to the show with the Outstanding Award for Best Ensemble for a Drama Series.
The Internet's favorite Zaddy finally got recognized for his work on The Last Of Us taking home the Best Performance in a Drama Series.
As for the motion pictures, Margot Robbie and Ryan Gosling did both get a nomination along with the entire Barbie cast being nominated in the Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture category. However, Oppenheimer and Killers of the Flower Moon took home the awards starting with Cillian Murphy for the Best Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role and Lily Gladstone for Best Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role. Oppenheimer then rounded out the evening with the Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture.
See all the nominees and winners below!
The Motion Picture Nominees are:
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role
BRADLEY COOPER / Leonard Bernstein - "MAESTRO"
COLMAN DOMINGO / Bayard Rustin - "RUSTIN"
PAUL GIAMATTI / Paul Hunham - "THE HOLDOVERS"
WINNER: CILLIAN MURPHY / J. Robert Oppenheimer - "OPPENHEIMER"
JEFFREY WRIGHT / Thelonious "Monk" Ellison - "AMERICAN FICTION"
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role
ANNETTE BENING / Diana Nyad - "NYAD"
WINNER: LILY GLADSTONE / Mollie Burkhart - "KILLERS OF THE FLOWER MOON"
CAREY MULLIGAN / Felicia Montealegre - "MAESTRO"
MARGOT ROBBIE / Barbie - "BARBIE"
EMMA STONE / Bella Baxter - "POOR THINGS"
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Supporting Role
STERLING K. BROWN / Clifford Ellison - "AMERICAN FICTION"
WILLEM DAFOE / Godwin Baxter - "POOR THINGS"
ROBERT DE NIRO / William Hale - "KILLERS OF THE FLOWER MOON"
WINNER: ROBERT DOWNEY JR. / Lewis Strauss - "OPPENHEIMER"
RYAN GOSLING / Ken - "BARBIE"
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Supporting Role
EMILY BLUNT / Kitty Oppenheimer - "OPPENHEIMER"
DANIELLE BROOKS / Sofia - "THE COLOR PURPLE"
PENÉLOPE CRUZ / Laura Ferrari - "FERRARI"
JODIE FOSTER / Bonnie Stoll - "NYAD"
WINNER: DA’VINE JOY RANDOLPH / Mary Lamb - "THE HOLDOVERS"
Getty
Everyone Robert Downey Jr. Mentioned During SAG Award Speech -- From Wife to Mel Gibson
View Story
Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture
AMERICAN FICTION
ERIKA ALEXANDER / Coraline
ADAM BRODY / Wiley Valdespino
STERLING K. BROWN / Clifford Ellison
KEITH DAVID / Willy the Wonker
JOHN ORTIZ / Arthur
ISSA RAE / Sintara Golden
TRACEE ELLIS ROSS / Lisa Ellison
LESLIE UGGAMS / Agnes Ellison
JEFFREY WRIGHT / Thelonious "Monk" Ellison
BARBIE
MICHAEL CERA / Allan
WILL FERRELL / Mattel CEO
AMERICA FERRERA / Gloria
RYAN GOSLING / Ken
ARIANA GREENBLATT / Sasha
KATE MCKINNON / Barbie
HELEN MIRREN / Narrator
RHEA PERLMAN / Ruth
ISSA RAE/ Barbie
MARGOT ROBBIE / Barbie
THE COLOR PURPLE
HALLE BAILEY / Young Nettie
FANTASIA BARRINO / Celie
JON BATISTE / Grady
DANIELLE BROOKS / Sofia
CIARA / Nettie
COLMAN DOMINGO / Mister
AUNJANUE ELLIS-TAYLOR / Mama
LOUIS GOSSETT, JR. / Ol' Mister
COREY HAWKINS / Harpo
TARAJI P. HENSON / Shug Avery
PHYLICIA PEARL MPASI / Young Celie
GABRIELLA WILSON "H.E.R." / Squeak
KILLERS OF THE FLOWER MOON
TANTOO CARDINAL / Lizzie Q
ROBERT DE NIRO / William Hale
LEONARDO DICAPRIO / Ernest Burkhart
BRENDAN FRASER / W.S. Hamilton
LILY GLADSTONE / Mollie Burkhart
JOHN LITHGOW / Prosecutor Peter Leaward
JESSE PLEMONS / Tom White
WINNER: OPPENHEIMER
CASEY AFFLECK / Boris Pash
EMILY BLUNT / Kitty Oppenheimer
KENNETH BRANAGH / Niels Bohr
MATT DAMON / Leslie Groves
ROBERT DOWNEY JR. / Lewis Strauss
JOSH HARTNETT / Ernest Lawrence
RAMI MALEK / David Hill
CILLIAN MURPHY / J. Robert Oppenheimer
FLORENCE PUGH / Jean Tatlock
Getty
SAG Awards: Meryl Streep, Anne Hathaway & Emily Blunt Have Devil Wears Prada Reunion
View Story
The Television Program Nominees are:
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Television Movie or Limited Series
MATT BOMER / Hawkins "Hawk" Fuller - "FELLOW TRAVELERS"
JON HAMM / Roy Tillman - "FARGO"
DAVID OYELOWO / Bass Reeves - "LAWMEN: BASS REEVES"
TONY SHALHOUB / Adrian Monk - "MR. MONK'S LAST CASE: A MONK MOVIE"
WINNER: STEVEN YEUN / Danny Cho - "BEEF"
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Television Movie or Limited Series
UZO ADUBA / Edie Flowers - "PAINKILLER"
KATHRYN HAHN / Clare Pierce - "TINY BEAUTIFUL THINGS"
BRIE LARSON / Elizabeth Zott - "LESSONS IN CHEMISTRY"
BEL POWLEY / Miep Gies - "A SMALL LIGHT"
WINNER: ALI WONG / Amy Lau - "BEEF"
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Drama Series
BRIAN COX / Logan Roy - "SUCCESSION"
BILLY CRUDUP / Cory Ellison - "THE MORNING SHOW"
KIERAN CULKIN / Roman Roy - "SUCCESSION"
MATTHEW MACFADYEN / Tom Wambsgans - "SUCCESSION"
WINNER: PEDRO PASCAL / Joel - "THE LAST OF US"
Getty
Billie Eilish Autographs Melissa McCarthy's Face in Hilarious SAG Awards Bit
View Story
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series
JENNIFER ANISTON / Alex Levy - "THE MORNING SHOW"
WINNER: ELIZABETH DEBICKI / Princess Diana - "THE CROWN"
BELLA RAMSEY / Ellie - "THE LAST OF US"
KERI RUSSELL / Kate Wyler - "THE DIPLOMAT"
SARAH SNOOK / Shiv Roy - "SUCCESSION"
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Comedy Series
BRETT GOLDSTEIN / Roy Kent - "TED LASSO"
BILL HADER / Barry - "BARRY"
EBON MOSS-BACHRACH / Richard "Richie" Jerimovich - "THE BEAR"
JASON SUDEIKIS / Ted Lasso - "TED LASSO"
WINNER: JEREMY ALLEN WHITE / Carmen "Carmy" Berzatto - "THE BEAR"
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Comedy Series
ALEX BORSTEIN / Susie Myerson - "THE MARVELOUS MRS. MAISEL"
RACHEL BROSNAHAN / Miriam "Midge" Maisel - "THE MARVELOUS MRS. MAISEL"
QUINTA BRUNSON / Janine Teagues - "ABBOTT ELEMENTARY"
WINNER: AYO EDEBIRI / Sydney Adamu - "THE BEAR"
HANNAH WADDINGHAM / Rebecca Welton - "TED LASSO"
Getty
Screen Actors Guild Awards 2024: Every Viral Moment of the Night
View Story
Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series
THE CROWN
KHALID ABDALLA / Dodi Fayed
SEBASTIAN BLUNT / Prince Edward
BERTIE CARVEL / Tony Blair
SALIM DAW / Mohamed Al Fayed
ELIZABETH DEBICKI / Princess Diana
LUTHER FORD / Prince Harry
CLAUDIA HARRISON / Princess Anne
LESLEY MANVILLE / Princess Margaret
ED MCVEY / Prince William
JAMES MURRAY / Prince Andrew
JONATHAN PRYCE / Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh
IMELDA STAUNTON / Queen Elizabeth II
MARCIA WARREN / Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother
DOMINIC WEST / Prince Charles
OLIVIA WILLIAMS / Camilla Parker Bowles
THE GILDED AGE
BEN AHLERS / Jack
ASHLIE ATKINSON / Mamie Fish
CHRISTINE BARANSKI / Agnes van Rhijn
DENÉE BENTON / Peggy Scott
NICOLE BRYDON BLOOM / Maud Beaton
MICHAEL CERVERIS / Watson
CARRIE COON / Bertha Russell
KELLEY CURRAN / Mrs. Winterton
TAISSA FARMIGA / Gladys Russell
DAVID FURR / Dashiell Montgomery
JACK GILPIN / Church
WARD HORTON / Charles Fane
LOUISA JACOBSON / Marian Brook
SIMON JONES / Bannister
SULLIVAN JONES / T. Thomas Fortune
CELIA KEENAN-BOLGER / Mrs. Bruce
NATHAN LANE / Ward McAllister
MATILDA LAWLER / Frances Montgomery
ROBERT SEAN LEONARD / Luke Forte
AUDRA MCDONALD / Dorothy Scott
DEBRA MONK / Armstrong
DONNA MURPHY / Mrs. Astor
KRISTINE NIELSEN / Mrs. Bauer
CYNTHIA NIXON / Ada Brook
KELLI O'HARA / Aurora Fane
PATRICK PAGE / Richard Clay
HARRY RICHARDSON / Larry Russell
TAYLOR RICHARDSON / Bridget
BLAKE RITSON / Oscar van Rhijn
JEREMY SHAMOS / Mr. Gilbert
DOUGLAS SILLS / Borden
MORGAN SPECTOR / George Russell
JOHN DOUGLAS THOMPSON / Arthur Scott
ERIN WILHELMI / Adelheid
THE LAST OF US
PEDRO PASCAL / Joel
BELLA RAMSEY / Ellie
THE MORNING SHOW
JENNIFER ANISTON / Alex Levy
NICOLE BEHARIE / Christina Hunter
SHARI BELAFONTE / Julia
NESTOR CARBONELL / Yanko Flores
BILLY CRUDUP / Cory Ellison
MARK DUPLASS / Chip Black
JON HAMM / Paul Marks
THEO IYER / Kyle
HANNAH LEDER / Isabella
GRETA LEE / Stella Bak
JULIANNA MARGULIES / Laura Peterson
TIG NOTARO / Amanda Robinson
KAREN PITTMAN / Mia Jordan
REESE WITHERSPOON / Bradley Jackson
WINNER: SUCCESSION
NICHOLAS BRAUN / Greg Hirsch
JULIANA CANFIELD / Jess Jordan
BRIAN COX / Logan Roy
KIERAN CULKIN / Roman Roy
DAGMARA DOMINCZYK / Karolina Novotney
PETER FRIEDMAN / Frank Vernon
JUSTINE LUPE / Willa
MATTHEW MACFADYEN / Tom Wambsgans
ARIAN MOAYED / Stewy Hosseini
SCOTT NICHOLSON / Colin Stiles
DAVID RASCHE / Karl Muller
ALAN RUCK / Connor Roy
ALEXANDER SKARSGÅRD / Lukas Matsson J.
SMITH-CAMERON / Gerri Kellman
SARAH SNOOK / Shiv Roy
FISHER STEVENS / Hugo Baker
JEREMY STRONG / Kendall Roy
ZOË WINTERS / Kerry Castellabate
Getty
'Drunk' Pedro Pascal Shocked by SAG Award Win for Last of Us: 'I'm Making a Fool of Myself'
View Story
Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series
ABBOTT ELEMENTARY
QUINTA BRUNSON / Janine Teagues
WILLIAM STANFORD DAVIS / Mr. Johnson
JANELLE JAMES / Ava Coleman
CHRIS PERFETTI / Jacob Hill
SHERYL LEE RALPH / Barbara Howard
LISA ANN WALTER / Melissa Schemmenti
TYLER JAMES WILLIAMS / Gregory Eddie
BARRY
ANTHONY CARRIGAN / NoHo Hank
SARAH GOLDBERG / Sally Reed
ZACHARY GOLINGER / John
BILL HADER / Barry
ANDRE HYLAND / Jason
MICHAEL IRBY / Cristobal Sifuentes
ANDREW LEEDS / Leo Cousineau
FRED MELAMED / Tom Posorro
CHARLES PARNELL / DA Buckner
STEPHEN ROOT / Monroe Fuches
TOBIE WINDHAM / Damian
HENRY WINKLER / Gene Cousineau
ROBERT WISDOM / Jim Moss
WINNER: THE BEAR
LIONEL BOYCE / Marcus
JOSE CERVANTES JR. / Angel
LIZA COLÓN-ZAYAS / Tina
AYO EDEBIRI / Sydney Adamu
ABBY ELLIOTT / Natalie “Sugar” Berzatto
RICHARD ESTERAS / Manny
EDWIN LEE GIBSON / Ebraheim
MOLLY GORDON / Claire
COREY HENDRIX / Sweeps
MATTY MATHESON / Neil Fak
EBON MOSS-BACHRACH / Richard "Richie" Jerimovich
OLIVER PLATT / Jimmy "Cicero" Kalinowski
JEREMY ALLEN WHITE / Carmen "Carmy" Berzatto
ONLY MURDERS IN THE BUILDING
GERALD CAESAR / Ty
MICHAEL CYRIL CREIGHTON / Howard Morris
LINDA EMOND / Donna
SELENA GOMEZ / Mabel Mora
ALLISON GUINN / K.T.
STEVE MARTIN / Charles-Haden Savage
ASHLEY PARK / Kimber
DON DARRYL RIVERA / Bobo
PAUL RUDD / Ben Glenroy
JEREMY SHAMOS / Dickie Glenroy
MARTIN SHORT / Oliver Putnam
MERYL STREEP / Loretta Durkin
WESLEY TAYLOR / Cliff
JASON VEASEY / Jonathan
JESSE WILLIAMS / Tobert
TED LASSO
ANNETTE BADLAND / Mae Green
KOLA BOKINNI / Isaac McAdoo
EDYTA BUDNIK / Jade
ADAM COLBORNE / Baz Primrose
PHIL DUNSTER / Jamie Tartt
CRISTO FERNÁNDEZ / Dani Rojas
KEVIN "KG" GARRY / Paul La Fleur
BRETT GOLDSTEIN / Roy Kent
BILLY HARRIS / Colin Hughes
ANTHONY HEAD / Rupert Mannion
BRENDAN HUNT / Coach Beard
TOHEEB JIMOH / Sam Obisanya
JAMES LANCE / Trent Crimm
NICK MOHAMMED / Nathan Shelley
JASON SUDEIKIS / Ted Lasso
JEREMY SWIFT / Leslie Higgins
JUNO TEMPLE / Keeley Jones
HANNAH WADDINGHAM / Rebecca Welton
BRONSON WEBB / Jeremy Blumenthal
KATY WIX / Barbara
The Stunt Ensemble Honors Nominees are:
|
|||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 94
|
https://m.famousfix.com/list/outstanding-performance-by-a-cast-in-a-motion-picture-screen-actors-guild-award-winners
|
en
|
Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture Screen Actors Guild Award winners
|
[
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/logos/famousfix_logo_search.png",
"https://img4.bdbphotos.com/images/500x250/9/i/9ig26aupe5ssse.jpg?skj2io4l",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_up.png",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_down.png",
"https://img4.bdbphotos.com/images/500x250/c/x/cxsifz58ffwsf8.jpg?skj2io4l",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_up.png",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_down.png",
"https://img4.bdbphotos.com/images/500x250/x/6/x6w2q0pcztadtc.jpg?skj2io4l",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_up.png",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_down.png",
"https://img4.bdbphotos.com/images/500x250/f/s/fsbvjbuo8uj0ov8s.jpg?skj2io4l",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_up.png",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_down.png",
"https://img4.bdbphotos.com/images/500x250/v/b/vbbbl5q4sknins.jpg?skj2io4l",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_up.png",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_down.png",
"https://img4.bdbphotos.com/images/500x250/5/j/5jrdm3umd4fvurm5.jpg?skj2io4l",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_up.png",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_down.png",
"https://img4.bdbphotos.com/images/500x250/z/x/zxhmz60bl6ri66rm.jpg?skj2io4l",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_up.png",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_down.png",
"https://img4.bdbphotos.com/images/500x250/u/w/uw978p2al7aqa7lw.jpg?skj2io4l",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_up.png",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_down.png",
"https://img4.bdbphotos.com/images/500x250/i/m/imy5ykaob1wpkmap.jpg?skj2io4l",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_up.png",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_down.png",
"https://img4.bdbphotos.com/images/500x250/f/e/fex7w4u3buo6bwux.jpg?skj2io4l",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_up.png",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_down.png",
"https://img4.bdbphotos.com/images/500x250/q/3/q3i0z0cp4xmrzq0m.jpg?skj2io4l",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_up.png",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_down.png",
"https://img4.bdbphotos.com/images/500x250/x/r/xref6zdjkfvpfj.jpg?skj2io4l",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_up.png",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_down.png",
"https://img4.bdbphotos.com/images/500x250/n/5/n5lpe7kervwnne7.jpg?skj2io4l",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_up.png",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_down.png",
"https://img4.bdbphotos.com/images/500x250/s/x/sxicvxp70jnsn0.jpg?skj2io4l",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_up.png",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_down.png",
"https://img4.bdbphotos.com/images/500x250/k/r/krpp0e3b3fvc33.jpg?skj2io4l",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_up.png",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_down.png",
"https://img4.bdbphotos.com/images/230x300/d/8/d88ype5dl2zbzb.jpg?skj2io4l",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_up.png",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_down.png",
"https://img4.bdbphotos.com/images/500x250/8/f/8f38l11wtuqkqt.jpg?skj2io4l",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_up.png",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_down.png",
"https://img4.bdbphotos.com/images/500x250/o/z/ozn6ctlxb35qlnxo.jpg?skj2io4l",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_up.png",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_down.png",
"https://img4.bdbphotos.com/images/500x250/i/a/iateiydcufvpud.jpg?skj2io4l",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_up.png",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_down.png",
"https://img4.bdbphotos.com/images/500x250/t/a/tagf978izfx08git.jpg?skj2io4l",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_up.png",
"https://static.famousfix.com/img/icons/thumbs_down.png"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null |
https://static.famousfix.com/img/ff/favicon.ico
|
FamousFix.com
|
https://www.famousfix.com/list/outstanding-performance-by-a-cast-in-a-motion-picture-screen-actors-guild-award-winners
|
1.
Brad Pitt
American actor
Overview: William Bradley Pitt (born December 18, 1963) is an American actor and film producer. He has received multiple awards, including two Golden Globe Awards and an Academy Award for his acting, in addition ...
0 0
2.
Jennifer Lawrence
American actress
Overview: Jennifer Shrader Lawrence (born August 15, 1990) is an American actress. The world's highest-paid actress in 2015 and 2016, her films have grossed over $6 billion worldwide to date. She appeared in Times ...
0 0
3.
Emma Stone
American actress and producer (born 1988)
Overview: Emily Jean "Emma" Stone (born November 6, 1988) is an American actress and producer. She is the recipient of various accolades, including an Academy Award, two British Academy Film Awards, and two Golden ...
Date of birth: 6 November 1988
Age: 35
Nationality: American
Occupation: Actress
Gender: Female
Height: 5' 6" (168 cm)
Partner: Dave McCary (Married)
0 0
6.
Rachel McAdams
Canadian actress
Overview: Rachel Anne McAdams (born November 17, 1978) is a Canadian actress. After graduating from a theatre degree program at York University in 2001, she worked in Canadian television and film productions, such ...
0 0
7.
Orlando Bloom
English actor (born 1977)
Overview: Orlando Jonathan Blanchard Copeland Bloom (born 13 January 1977) is an English actor. He made his breakthrough as the character Legolas in The Lord of the Rings film series, a role he reprised in The Hobbit ...
0 0
8.
Kirsten Dunst
American actress (born 1982)
Overview: Kirsten Caroline Dunst (born April 30, 1982) is an American actress. She made her acting debut in the short Oedipus Wrecks directed by Woody Allen in the anthology film New York Stories (1989). She then ...
0 0
9.
Joseph Gordon-Levitt
American actor
Overview: Joseph Leonard Gordon-Levitt (born February 17, 1981) is an American actor, filmmaker, singer, and entrepreneur. As a child, Gordon-Levitt appeared in the films A River Runs Through It, Angels in the ...
0 0
10.
Gwyneth Paltrow
American actress and singer
Overview: Gwyneth Paltrow (born Gwyneth Kate Paltrow; ; born September 27, 1972) is an American actress, singer, author, and businesswoman. She has received numerous accolades for her work, including an Academy ...
0 0
11.
Bradley Cooper
Actor
Overview: Bradley Charles Cooper (born January 5, 1975) is an American actor and filmmaker. He has been nominated for various awards, including eight Academy Awards and a Tony Award, and has won two Grammy Awards ...
Date of birth: 5 January 1975
Age: 49
Nationality: American
Occupation: Actor
Gender: Male
Height: 6' 1" (185 cm)
Partner: Gigi Hadid (Dating)
0 0
12.
Ben Affleck
American actor and filmmaker (born 1972)
Overview: Benjamin Géza Affleck-Boldt (born August 15, 1972) is an American actor, film director, producer, screenwriter, and philanthropist. His accolades include two Academy Awards and three Golden Globe Awards ...
0 0
13.
Josh Hartnett
American actor and producer (born 1978)
Overview: Joshua Daniel Hartnett (born July 21, 1978) is an American actor and producer. He first came to attention in 1997 for his role as Michael Fitzgerald in the television crime drama series Cracker. He made ...
0 0
14.
Michael Fassbender
Irish-German actor
Overview: Michael Fassbender (born 2 April 1977) is an Irish-German actor and racing driver. His feature film debut was in the fantasy war epic 300 (2007) as a Spartan warrior; his earlier roles included various ...
Date of birth: 2 April 1977
Age: 47
Nationality: Irish
Occupation: Actor
Gender: Male
Height: 6' (183 cm)
Partner: Alicia Vikander (Married)
0 0
16.
Mya
American singer and actress (born 1979)
Overview: Mya Marie Harrison (born October 10, 1979), known by her stage name Mýa, is an American singer, songwriter, dancer, and actress. Born into a musical family, she studied ballet, jazz, and tap dance as a ...
Date of birth: 10 October 1979
Age: 44
Nationality: American
Occupation: Singer
Gender: Female
Height: 5' 5" (165 cm)
0 0
17.
Abigail Breslin
American actress (born 1996)
Overview: Abigail Kathleen Breslin (born April 14, 1996) is an American actress and singer. She appeared in her first commercial when she was three years old and in her first film, Signs (2002), at the age of five ...
0 0
18.
Jeremy Renner
American actor (born 1971)
Overview: Jeremy Lee Renner (born January 7, 1971) is an American actor. He began his career by appearing in independent films such as Dahmer (2002) and Neo Ned (2005), then supporting roles in bigger films, such ...
Date of birth: 7 January 1971
Age: 53
Nationality: American
Occupation: Actor
Gender: Male
Height: 5' 10" (178 cm)
0 0
19.
Ludacris
American rapper and actor (born 1977)
Overview: Christopher Brian Bridges (born September 11, 1977), known professionally as Ludacris (), is an American rapper and actor. After forming his own label, Disturbing tha Peace in the late 1990s, Ludacris ...
0 0
|
||||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
2
| 96
|
https://honeysucklemag.com/royal-shakespeare-companys-king-lear/
|
en
|
Of Fathers, Daughters, and Blind Men: The Royal Shakespeare Company's King Lear at BAM
|
[
"https://cdn.getmidnight.com/ee9375a9e35b070b930b27b8e868dc1c/2022/11/Quote_Logo_Magenta_cutout.png",
"https://cdn.getmidnight.com/ee9375a9e35b070b930b27b8e868dc1c/2021/08/RSC-King-Lear-.jpg",
"https://cdn.getmidnight.com/ee9375a9e35b070b930b27b8e868dc1c/2021/08/trump-korea.jpg",
"https://cdn.getmidnight.com/ee9375a9e35b070b930b27b8e868dc1c/2021/08/The_Last_.jpg",
"https://cdn.getmidnight.com/ee9375a9e35b070b930b27b8e868dc1c/2023/11/Vol16_420_Honey_Cover_Erykah_Badu-1.jpg",
"https://cdn.getmidnight.com/ee9375a9e35b070b930b27b8e868dc1c/2022/11/Quote_Logo_Magenta_cutout.png"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Honeysuckle Writes"
] |
2018-05-15T15:09:38+00:00
|
By Barbara Murray
I finally saw King Lear [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Lear] for the first
time. Going to the Brooklyn Academy of Music [https://www.bam.org/] for the
final performance of The Royal Shakespeare Company’s (RSC)
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Shakespeare_Company] New York run was a
gift from above. Not only had I never seen the tragedy performed, I had never
even read it. (But you can here [http://shakespeare.mit.edu/lear/full.html].) I
knew the story, about an old ma
|
en
|
Honeysuckle Magazine
|
https://honeysucklemag.com/royal-shakespeare-companys-king-lear/
|
RELATED POSTS
Safer, Sleeker Consumption On the Go: The PAX Era Life Premium Vaporizer
The Case for AfroUrbanism
ON BEING BLACK
I finally saw King Lear for the first time. Going to the Brooklyn Academy of Music for the final performance of The Royal Shakespeare Company’s (RSC) New York run was a gift from above. Not only had I never seen the tragedy performed, I had never even read it. (But you can here.) I knew the story, about an old man who rages a lot and disowns his favorite daughter, yet somehow it was never required for any of my classes.It’s an understatement to say the part of Lear is considered a challenge for actors. Antony Sher, 68, who plays the RSC production’s 80-year-old widowed king, told a reviewer he compares the role to climbing Mount Everest. In the BAMbill, Sir Antony has easily eight column inches of stage, television, film and writing credits, awards including a Critics’ Circle for Best Shakespeare Performance, a Drama Desk and Outer Critics’ Circle one too. He paints, he draws, and he writes books, including two novels. In 2000, he was knighted for his service to Acting and Writing. He is said to be retiring from acting.In the play, there’s a parallel story to Lear of another aging man versus his two sons. Lear’s daughters have conflicts with each other, as do the sons of Lear’s friend, the Duke of Gloucester – one legitimate and one illegitimate. It’s a large cast, and they’re all fabulous. The two sons of Gloucester stand out: We meet the illegitimate son, Edmund (Paapa Essiedu), first as he plots to steal his brother’s land. The “legal” son is Edgar, played by Oliver Johnstone. Gloucester’s (David Troughton) role is demanding, as he is blinded as punishment after being framed for treason.
It’s an extremely gory scene, with blood spurting out of his eyes. He is led around after that, his eyes covered by rags.
The RSC is the gold standard. For one thing, the storm that is at the heart of the play was the most realistic thing I’ve ever seen onstage. Rain pouring down at the back of the stage, thunder and lightning that made me jump. This production was directed by Gregory Doran, who in real life is Sher’s partner.When I walked in a few minutes late, I could hear the actors speaking lines from the first scene, so I knew the king and his daughters had not yet appeared. I hurried up the stairs as fast as my bad knee would allow, and found my seat on the aisle, took out my notebook and was searching for my pen. Then the woman in front of me turned around and told me I was making too much noise. So, I sat there with a blank notebook on my lap, just watching.Then my salvation. The woman next to me offered me her pen. I smiled and whispered my thanks. She thought I was a teacher, I found out during the intermission. And she was the mother of one of the actors! She had flown in from London a day or two before. I asked her which actor; she didn’t want to tell me because I was writing about it. But I figured it out when Edgar, the legitimate son of Gloucester, disguised as a mad beggar, was onstage. This woman, who looked like a model, leaned forward and it was obvious he was the one she had crossed the pond to see.I whispered, “It’s him, right?” and she said yes. “OMG, he’s terrific,” I said.And he was. They all were. My new friend told me they were exhausted from the month-long run, especially after performing the three-hour-plus play twice the day before. You absolutely couldn’t tell. Everybody looked fresh and energetic, and sounded great.
The lady from London expressed surprise that the American audience could follow the British accents and the 400-year-old language. She could tell by the laughter that greeted some of the wordplay, especially the bawdy parts. Scholars think Shakespeare wrote King Lear circa 1605, after finding a story of “the legendary King Leir” who lived in 845 B.C., many years before the founding of Rome, according to the Folger Shakespeare Library copy of King Lear that I read.Trying to put a year to the setting is a little hard. The costumes look medieval, having been compared by one reviewer to the show Game of Thrones. In the first glimpse of Lear on his very high throne, he’s majestic but weird. He wears a long outfit that appeared to be made of feathers, or fur, studded with gold medallions, and a large gold crown on his head. “Every inch a king,” he’s carried in and out by bearers. By the end of the play, he is homeless.The tragic family saga starts with Lear’s daughters having to tell him how much they love him. The eldest, Goneril (Nia Gwynne), goes first. She and the others face Lear when they begin to speak but each turns around to face the audience.
We see them as Lear must see them. Cordelia (Mimi Ndiweni), wearing a plain white gown, tells herself to “love, and be silent.” The king likes what Goneril says, so that he gives her a third of his kingdom. Then it’s Regan’s turn. She (Kelly Williams) says she loves her dad more than Goneril does. Poor Cordelia knows she can’t compete with them, although she loves Lear in a more pure and realistic way. Lear asks her what she can say to draw a third of the kingdom “more opulent than your sisters.”“Nothing,” says Cordelia. Lear can’t believe his ears. “Nothing?” he says. “Nothing will come of nothing. Speak again.” Cordelia says she loves him “according to my bond, no more nor less.” It does sound a bit cold.Lear gives her another chance. “How, how, Cordelia? Mend your speech a little, lest you may mar your fortunes.”She tells him she loves him, he who begot her, bred her, loved her.
“I return those duties back as are right fit: Obey you, love you, and most honor you. Why have my sisters husbands if they say they love you all?”This was the problem. Both the older ones pledged 100 percent of their love to their father, although they were married. Cordelia has two suitors, and she realizes that when she marries, her husband will get half her love; the rest belongs to her father.Lear is upset he’s not getting it all. “But goes thy heart with this? So young and so untender?” “So young, my lord, and true,” she answers.That’s it for Cordelia. Lear disowns her and gives her share of the kingdom to the other sisters. He had been planning to live with Cordelia in his old age, but now he tells Goneril and Regan he will take turns living with them one month at a time. Not only him, but 100 of his knights too.
The actors and the audience grimace with the daughters, who suddenly have to prove what they said to appease their father. Imagine being one of their husbands, having to host the grouchy old Lear plus his rowdy soldiers.Lear’s friend Kent (Antony Byrne) has been trying to reason with Lear over his treatment of Cordelia, but Lear won’t listen. Lear calls him a miscreant and banishes him, too. (Lear, persuaded by flattery and resistant to truth, reminds me of Donald Trump. Some of his angry speeches could be Trumpian tweets.)A flourish of trumpets, and in comes Gloucester with the king of France and Duke of Burgundy, both suitors to Cordelia. Cordelia, now without a dowry, is rejected by Burgundy. Luckily, or not, the French king takes her anyway. Both suitors are dressed in long robes flecked with gold. Gorgeous!When I was a child, my grandparents had a large picture of this scene, called Cordelia’s Farewell, hanging in the living room. In the center was a young woman in a white dress with her hair in a long braid, looking back over her shoulder at another woman in red, who is curtseying. It hung there until some time after my parents moved to that house.
I was busy with my own family and didn’t pay attention to what happened to it. When I was little, the picture scared me. It was so dark, and the dog in the scene looked so sad, his head and tail down. I asked my grandmother about it and she told me the king had banished his daughter. You could say I knew about Lear, however vaguely, since the age of 4 or 5.
Also, I have two sisters. I am the oldest. After my mother died, my father was the executor of her will, until he had a disabling stroke; went mad, you might say. There are some parallels. Not only to me, but to everyone in that audience, or any audience that sees the play. Fear of aging is universal.I wish you could all see this performance. If you can travel to England, the iconic Antony Sher and the cast will be performing King Lear at Stratford-upon-Avon, May 23 – June 9.Or, next best thing: do see the Royal Shakespeare Company any time you possibly can.I’m planning to. And I want to read Sir Antony’s latest book, Year of the Mad King, which is available at Greenlight Bookstore in Brooklyn.–Based in New York City,
Barbara Murray has been a writer and editor for publications including Newsday, Conde Nast’s Supermarket News, Jersey Journal, Long Island Business Review, and the Queens TimesLedger, among others.
|
|||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
2
| 4
|
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/12/05/theater/antony-sher-dead.html
|
en
|
Antony Sher, Actor Acclaimed for His Versatility, Dies at 72
|
[
"https://static01.nyt.com/images/2021/12/06/obituaries/04sher-1/04sher-1-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&auto=webp&disable=upscale"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Roslyn Sulcas"
] |
2021-12-05T00:00:00
|
In his long career, most of it with the Royal Shakespeare Company, he played everyone from King Lear to Primo Levi to Ringo Starr.
|
en
|
/vi-assets/static-assets/favicon-d2483f10ef688e6f89e23806b9700298.ico
|
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/12/05/theater/antony-sher-dead.html
|
Antony Sher, an actor known for his masterly interpretations of Shakespeare’s great characters and for his versatility, died on Thursday at his home in Stratford-upon-Avon, England. He was 72.
The cause was cancer, said the Royal Shakespeare Company, with which Mr. Sher had been closely associated for more than four decades. Gregory Doran, the company’s artistic director and Mr. Sher’s husband, had announced in September that he would take compassionate leave to care for Mr. Sher.
Mr. Sher was 32 when he first attracted notice as an actor, playing the leading role of a libidinous, manipulative lecturer in a 1981 BBC adaptation of Malcolm Bradbury’s novel “The History Man.” He joined the Royal Shakespeare Company the next year.
In The Times of London, Sheridan Morley described his portrayal as “the only one in our lifetime to have challenged the 40-year memory of Olivier in that role.” Other critics agreed that it was a career-making performance. “In this unabashed attempt at incarnating evil, Mr. Sher is monstrously convincing,” Mel Gussow wrote in The New York Times.
Thank you for your patience while we verify access. If you are in Reader mode please exit and log into your Times account, or subscribe for all of The Times.
Thank you for your patience while we verify access.
Already a subscriber? Log in.
Want all of The Times? Subscribe.
|
|||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
0
| 17
|
https://davidwain.com/tct-cast
|
en
|
TCT CAST — DAVIDWAIN.COM
|
https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/500d8d9dc4aa65567192d7dc/7ebe2fe2-d3ac-4c56-aa0a-15d7ea4c65e0/favicon.ico?format=100w
|
https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/500d8d9dc4aa65567192d7dc/7ebe2fe2-d3ac-4c56-aa0a-15d7ea4c65e0/favicon.ico?format=100w
|
[
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/500d8d9dc4aa65567192d7dc/1569009296916-Z75WXNQ5YCVAS4CE8ZZ0/WebHeader9.17.19+2.jpg?format=1500w",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/500d8d9dc4aa65567192d7dc/1569009296916-Z75WXNQ5YCVAS4CE8ZZ0/WebHeader9.17.19+2.jpg?format=1500w",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/500d8d9dc4aa65567192d7dc/1401937993767-QZELCVXU3A0DW3ZJKD5O/image-asset.png",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/500d8d9dc4aa65567192d7dc/1401943081781-RE5DMUCFLU7FHU2MCC5U/image-asset.jpeg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/500d8d9dc4aa65567192d7dc/1402341016596-ZDX3F88ZCGHAZRT7AL4T/image-asset.jpeg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/500d8d9dc4aa65567192d7dc/1401943221470-D52PNFN6RSVI9KRWKY7M/image-asset.jpeg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/500d8d9dc4aa65567192d7dc/1401943268709-RE16QQNVCLV06ZJMDL3G/image-asset.jpeg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/500d8d9dc4aa65567192d7dc/1401943301522-2RTC00VDG2P6OK3O1JGG/image-asset.jpeg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/500d8d9dc4aa65567192d7dc/1401943337503-96J1Y3ZQ2QYRTKFQWU96/image-asset.jpeg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/500d8d9dc4aa65567192d7dc/1401943354543-JDDQ1D4FJ95WVN0HBJLE/image-asset.jpeg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/500d8d9dc4aa65567192d7dc/1401943379706-TL8P49LS17XIRKOJ8I9T/image-asset.jpeg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/500d8d9dc4aa65567192d7dc/1401943413299-DJTJDDZDAUGIPT8E50O2/image-asset.jpeg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/500d8d9dc4aa65567192d7dc/1401943450883-NKJIGT1B3H0U8YV0QBCA/image-asset.jpeg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/500d8d9dc4aa65567192d7dc/1401943461653-LYC4S47NZ0LPFEY8CWFZ/image-asset.jpeg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/500d8d9dc4aa65567192d7dc/1401943477211-4U8E2TTFYXAMKEUD1IAO/image-asset.jpeg",
"https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/500d8d9dc4aa65567192d7dc/1401943519306-J4W6P4Q2FEXDKINF0W68/image-asset.jpeg"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null |
en
|
https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/500d8d9dc4aa65567192d7dc/7ebe2fe2-d3ac-4c56-aa0a-15d7ea4c65e0/favicon.ico?format=100w
|
DAVIDWAIN.COM
|
https://davidwain.com/tct-cast
|
PAUL RUDD (Joel)
Paul Rudd most recently starred opposite Will Ferrell, Steve Carell and David Koechner in Adam McKay’s Anchorman 2: The Legend Continues for Paramount. The film follows the original news team as they reprise their roles from Anchorman: The Legend of Ron Burgundy. Anchorman 2 has grossed over $160 million worldwide so far and recently received a People’s Choice Award nomination for “Favorite Year End Movie.”
Rudd also starred opposite Emile Hirsch in David Gordon Green’s Prince Avalanche released by Magnolia Pictures. The film was adapted from the Icelandic film Either Way and premiered at the 2012 Sundance Film Festival. Additionally, David Gordon Green received the Silver Bear for “Best Director” at the Berlin Film Festival.
In 2012, Rudd starred in Judd Apatow’s This Is 40 opposite Leslie Mann for Universal Pictures. The film is an original comedy that expands on the story of Pete (Rudd) and Debbie (Mann) from Knocked Up as we see first-hand how they are dealing with their current state of life. Knocked Up grossed over $300 million worldwide and was recognized by the People’s Choice Award for “Favorite Movie Comedy,” was nominated for a Critics’ Choice Award for “Best Comedy Movie” and was named one of AFI’s Top Ten Films of the Year. Additionally, This Is 40 was nominated for a 2013 Critics’ Choice Award for “Best Comedy Movie” and Rudd was nominated for “Best Actor in a Comedy.”
Rudd’s other film credits include: Admission, Our Idiot Brother, I Love You, Man, Role Models (co-writer), The 40 Year Old Virgin, Wanderlust (producer), Dinner for Schmucks, How Do You Know, Monsters Vs. Aliens, Forgetting Sarah Marshall, The Ten (producer), Night at the Museum, Diggers, Reno 911, The Cider House Rules, The Object of My Affection, Wet Hot American Summer, The Chateau, Clueless, and William Shakespeare’s Romeo + Juliet, among others.
Rudd returned to the Broadway stage in Craig Wright’s Grace starring opposite Michael Shannon, Kate Arrington, and Edward Asner at the Cort Theatre. Grace was nominated for an Outer Critics Circle Award for “Outstanding New Broadway Play” and Rudd was nominated for a Drama League Award for “Distinguished Performance Award.” His other stage credits include starring opposite Julia Roberts and Bradley Cooper in Richard Greenberg’s Broadway production of Three Days of Rain, Neil Labute’s Bash in both New York and Los Angeles as well as Labute’s The Shape of Things in London and New York. He made his West End debut in the London production of Robin Phillips’ Long Days Journey Into Night opposite Jessica Lange. Other Broadway credits include Nicholas Hynter’s Twelfth Night at Lincoln Center Theater with a special performance which aired on PBS’ “Great Performances” and in Alfred Uhry’s Tony Award winning play, The Last Night of Ballyhoo.
On television, Rudd was the co-writer and co-creator of the critically acclaimed series Party Down on Starz. Additionally, he garnered wide recognition with a recurring role on the TV sitcom Friends as Mike Hannigan.
Rudd will next star as the title character in Marvel’s Ant-Man directed by Edgar Wright. The film also stars Michael Douglas and will be released on July 17, 2015.
AMY POEHLER (Molly)
Amy Poehler is one of Hollywood’s most versatile and sought after talents. She currently stars on the Emmy-nominated NBC comedy series Parks and Recreation, which recently began its sixth season. Her portrayal of Leslie Knope, a mid-level bureaucrat in the Parks and Recreation Department of Pawnee, Indiana, has earned her four consecutive Emmy nominations, a Golden Globe nomination and a Screen Actors Guild Awards nomination. She served as co-host of the extremely well received 70th Golden Globe Awards with Tina Fey, helping earn the program a 2013 Emmy nod for “Outstanding Special Class Program.” Poehler and Fey will return as co-hosts of both the 71st Golden Globe Awards and the 72nd Golden Globe Awards in 2014 and 2015, respectively. Poehler also produces and hosts the award-winning online series “Smart Girls at the Party,” which showcases real girls who are “changing the world by being themselves.” Poehler also is working on her first, as-yet-untitled book to be published by HarperCollins’ It Books in 2014.
Poehler also has a number of film projects as well. She can most recently be seen opposite Adam Scott in A.C.O.D. and as the voice of “Jenny” in the animated comedy Free Birds. She also stars opposite Owen Wilson, and Zach Galifianakis in You Are Here. Disney also recently announced that she will star as “Joy” in Pixar’s next animated film Inside Out, set for release in 2015. Her other film credits include Baby Mama, Blades of Glory, Mean Girls, Spring Breakdown, Mr. Woodcock, Southland Tales, Tenacious D in The Pick of Destiny, The Ex, Wet Hot American Summer, and Envy. Her voice has been heard in Alvin and the Chipmunks: The Squeakquel, Monsters vs. Aliens, Horton Hears a Who!, and box office smash hit Shrek the Third.
Poehler’s work extends beyond her roles in front of the camera. She serves as executive producer of the forthcoming scripted comedy Broad City, a series based on the web show of the same name which follows two friends as they navigate their way through life in New York City. The series will premiere on Comedy Central in 2014. Poehler also has teamed up with her brother, Greg Poehler, to form production company Syskon, which aims to develop and produce international television comedy and programming. Their first series, Welcome to Sweden, will air on NBC and will debut on Sweden’s TV4 network as their first English-language comedy.
After her much buzzed about portrayal of Senator Hillary Clinton during the 2008 Presidential Election, Poehler completed her eighth and final season of Saturday Night Live (and her fifth as the co-anchor of “Weekend Update”). Renowned as “a brilliantly inventive sketch comedian,” (Entertainment Weekly, 11/05), Poehler boasted an impressive arsenal of outrageous characters, from the hyperactive “Caitlin” and one-legged reality show contestant “Amber” to a manic host of “Good Morning Meth.” Poehler also contributed memorable impressions of Kelly Ripa, Avril Lavigne, Sharon Osbourne, Paula Abdul, Sharon Stone and Michael Jackson. That year she received her first Emmy nomination for “Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series” for her work on Saturday Night Live. Due to a change in eligibility, this was an unprecedented nomination, making her the first performer in “SNL” history to land a spot in this category. She went on to receive a second nomination in this category for her work on her final season the following year.
Poehler joined the SNL cast from the Upright Citizens Brigade, a sketch/improv troupe that she co-founded. Poehler and the U.C.B. relocated to New York where they had a sketch show on Comedy Central for three seasons on which she was both a writer and performer. In addition, they opened theaters which are currently regarded as the premiere sketch/improv comedy venues in New York City and Los Angeles. Poehler and the U.C.B. were featured in “A.S.S.S.S.C.A.T.: Improv” an improvised comedy special on Bravo.
COBIE SMULDERS (Tiffany)
Cobie recently starred in “The Avengers”, which grossed over 1.5 billion worldwide, opposite Robert Downey Jr., Chris Hemsworth, Chris Evans, Mark Ruffalo, Jeremy Renner and Scarlett Johansson. In the film, she played S.H.I.E.L.D. Agent Maria Hill, the second-in-command operative, alongside Nick Fury (Samuel L. Jackson). She will reprise her role for “Captain America Winter Soldier” which will be released by Disney on April 4, 2014 and also for “The Avengers 2.”
She recently starred in “The Delivery Man” opposite Vince Vaughn and will appear in David Wain’s “They Came Together” opposite Paul Rudd and Amy Poehler.
Her other film credits include: “Safe Haven,” “Grassroots,” “The Slammin’ Salmon” and “The Long Weekend.”
Cobie is also well known to audiences for her role as Robin Sherbatzky on CBS’s hit show “How I Met Your Mother.” The show has been nominated for an Emmy® for Outstanding Comedy Series, a People’s Choice Award for Favorite TV Comedy and a Teen Choice Award for Choice TV Show: Comedy.
Her other TV credits include a starring role on the ABC drama “Veritas,” and the critically acclaimed Showtime series "The L Word."
On stage, Cobie performed in Nora Ephron and Delia Ephron’s Off-Broadway hit, “Love, Loss, and What I Wore,” at the Westside Theatre. Directed by Karen Carpenter, the play was based on Ilene Beckerman’s 1995 book about clothes and the memories they trigger. Cobie’s other theatre credits include “Singing in the Rain,” “Grease,” and “Women and Wallace.”
A Canada native, Cobie speaks fluent French.
CHRISTOPHER MELONI (Roland)
CHRISTOPHER MELONI was last seen co-starring as Col. Nathan Hardy in the summer blockbuster, ‘Man of Steel’. He also portrayed Leo Durocher in the hit drama “42.”
Meloni next stars in “Small Time,” with Dean Norris and Bridget Moynahan due in theaters April 2014. In August, he co-stars with Josh Brolin, Bruce Willis, Jessica Alba, Joseph Gordon-Levitt, Eva Green, and Mickey Rourke in “Sin City: A Dame to Kill For,” the sequel to 2005’s screen adaptation of Frank Miller's highly regarded graphic novel. He also has two additional films premiering at the 2014 Sundance Film Festival: “They Came Together,” directed by David Wain and also starring Paul Rudd, Amy Poehler, and Ed Helms; and “White Bird in a Blizzard,” based on the book of the same name by Laura Kasischke, with Shailene Woodley and Eva Green.
The Washington, D.C. native studied acting at the University of Colorado - Boulder before graduating with a degree in History. He worked in construction and as a bouncer before breaking into acting, studying his craft in New York with legendary teacher Sanford Meisner. His television breakout role was on “NYPD Blue,” opposite Kim Delaney. That led to being cast on HBO’s gritty landmark series “Oz,” playing the psychotic, bisexual serial killer, Chris Keller.
In 1999, he landed his starring role on the popular and long-running NBC series “Law & Order: Special Victims Unit,” with Meloni working in both series simultaneously until “Oz” ended its 6 year run in 2003. He continued on “Law & Order: SVU” for twelve seasons, earning an Emmy nomination for his performance as Detective Elliot Stabler. Meloni then returned to HBO in a pivotal arc as the head of the Vampire Authority in Alan Ball’s wildly popular drama, “True Blood.”
Meloni’s other big screen credits include the Terry Gilliam films “Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas” and “Twelve Monkeys”; the Wachowskis’ first film “Bound”; the romantic comedy blockbuster “Runaway Bride,” with Richard Gere and Julia Roberts; “Nights in Rodanthe,” with Gere and Diane Lane; and such cult favorites as “Wet Hot American Summer,” “Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle,” and its first sequel, “Harold & Kumar Escape from Guantanamo Bay.”
Come March 2014, Meloni returns to network television starring in the comedy, ‘Surviving Jack’ on Fox.
ED HELMS (Eggbert)
Ed Helms is best known for his scene-stealing roles on both the big and small screen.
Recently to premiere at this year's Sundance Film Festival, Helms will be seen in David Wain's They Came Together co-starring Paul Rudd and Amy Poehler. The film centers around a small business owner is about to lose her shop to a major corporate development
Also upcoming, Helms will be seen in the Joe Carnahan directed Stretch opposite Chris Pine and Jessica Alba. This comedy thriller follows a working chauffeur who takes a job for a billionaire who makes his life hell. Universal is set release the film March 21, 2014.
Helms will soon start production on the classic slap stick comedy reboot Naked Gun as the staring role of "Frank Drebin." The Paramount production will follow the continuing misadventures of Detective Frank Drebin.
In 2013 Helms launched his production company, Pacific Electric Picture, Co. with Universal TV. In addition to Helms involvement, Mike Falbo is on board as Executive Vice President of Production and Development. Under the Pacific Electric Picture Co. umbrella, Helms will serve as executive produce on the hit online series Jake & Amir for TBS. The comedy is based on College Humor’s most popular and longest-running series by comedy duo Amir Blumenfeld and Jake Hurwitz.
Last fall Helms was seen in the YAHOO! web series Tiny Commando which he created, produced and stars in. Others in the series include Zachary Levi and Gillian Jacobs. Helms also reprised his role of "Stu" in the third installment of The Hangover, where he starred opposite Bradley Cooper and Zach Galifianakis. The first two Hangover films have grossed over $1 billion worldwide and won the 2010 Golden Globe for Best Motion Picture Comedy or Musical.
On television, Helms starred in the scene-stealing role of Andy Bernard in NBC's hit comedy The Office. His other television credits include a four-year stint as a Senior Correspondent and writer on the Emmy Award®-winning The Daily Show With Jon Stewart, Comedy Central's Premium Blend and Fox's Arrested Development.
Additional film credits include We're The Millers, The Lorax based on the famous Dr. Seuss children's book, the Duplass brothers' Jeff, Who Lives At Home, Miguel Arteta's Cedar Rapids, Shawn Levy's Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian, The Goods, Semi-Pro, Knocked Up, Meet Dave, Harold & Kumar Escape From Guantanamo Bay, Walk Hard, and Evan Almighty.
Born and raised in Atlanta, GA, Helms headed to New York City to pursue comedy shortly after attending Oberlin College in Ohio. He now resides in Los Angeles and plays a mean banjo.
MAX GREENFIELD
Golden Globe and Emmy nominated actor, Max Greenfield , stars as scene-stealing “Schmidt,” the womanizer with a heart of gold, on FOX’s Golden Globe® nominated and critically acclaimed new series New Girl. TV GUIDE hails, “Greenfield has proven to be a stealth scene-stealer… It's thanks to Greenfield's lovable (but not cutesy) performance that keeps Schmidt endearing." Greenfield earned a 2012 Emmy nomination as well as a 2013 Golden Globe nomination for his role. Additionally, Greenfield received a Critics’ Choice Television Award nomination in the “Best Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series” category as well as a Teen Choice Awards nomination for “Choice TV Male Scene Stealer” for his work on the show. In addition New Girl received a Critics’ Choice nomination for “Best Comedy Series,” a Television Critics Association Award nomination for “Outstanding New Program,” and a Teen Choice Award nomination for “Choice TV Breakout Show.” The show is currently in production on its third season.
Greenfield will next be seen in the romantic comedy parody, They Came Together, directed and written by David Wain. Lionsgate produced the film co-written by Wain and Michael Showalter, which is premiering at Sundance 2014. Co-starring with Amy Poehler and Paul Rudd, Greenfield plays the wayward couch surfing younger brother of Rudd’s character. He will also be seen in the indie film, About Alex, written and directed by Jesse Zwick and executive produced by Edward Zwick, which is premiering at Tribeca Film Festival 2014. Featuring a stellar ensemble cast that includes Jason Ritter, Maggie Grace, Aubrey Plaza, Max Minghella, Jane Levy and others, Greenfield plays the role of “Josh,” the darkly comic, hyper-articulate bachelor, who is too smart for his own good and operates as the group provocateur.
Prior to his breakout role on New Girl, Greenfield had several recurring roles in television. Greenfield starred as “Nick Pepper” in ABC’s award-winning comedy series Ugly Betty opposite America Ferrera and was also seen in The CW’s critically acclaimed mystery series Veronica Mars as “Leo D’Amato” opposite Kristen Bell. Greenfield also appeared in the ABC Family series Greek, where he played a professor’s aide who sparks a relationship with a college student resulting in the first gay kiss ever seen on the family network. In addition, Greenfield was seen in the lead role of the WB comedy series Modern Men. Throughout his recurring roles on prominent series, Greenfield has also appeared in guest-starring roles on shows such as, Happy Endings, Hot in Cleveland, Lie to Me, Castle, Raising the Bar, Melrose Place, The OC, Sleeper Cell, Gilmore Girls, and Boston Public.
Greenfield’s film credits include the indie coming-of-age film Cross Bronx which premiered at the Tribeca Film Festival and won the Audience Award at both the Cinevegas and Urban World festivals; and When Do We Eat, in which he played a young dotcom tycoon who loses everything and becomes a Hasidic Jew.
Greenfield brought his passion for producing to the small screen in 2011 with The Gentlemen’s League. The series followed Greenfield and friend Jerry Ferrara in their real life fantasy football league. Greenfield created and starred in the Direct TV Channel 101 series.
Greenfield was born and raised in New York and he currently resides in Los Angeles.
Back to home
|
|||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
3
| 54
|
https://officiallondontheatre.com/news/critics-circle-awards-winners-reactions-268094/
|
en
|
Critics’ Circle Awards: winners’ reactions
|
[
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/?s=96&d=mm&r=g",
"https://res.cloudinary.com/solt/image/upload/v1528302482/secure-checkout-logo_bpxmks.svg",
"https://res.cloudinary.com/solt/image/upload/v1528302482/mc-partner_vlamsn.svg",
"https://res.cloudinary.com/solt/image/upload/v1528302482/see-tickets-logo_xmefsc.svg"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Official London Theatre"
] |
2015-01-30T11:01:00+00:00
|
As the champagne corks were popped – or reservedly left in their bottles; this is an afternoon ceremony after all – we snatched a chat with the winners of the 2015 Critics’ Circle Awards.
|
en
|
Official London Theatre
|
https://officiallondontheatre.com/news/critics-circle-awards-winners-reactions-268094/
|
“London theatre is the fulcrum of British theatre.” So spoke Jonathan Kent at the Critics’ Circle Awards earlier this week.
The director of the only show not yet staged in London to win at the national event, Gypsy, admitted prior to collecting its Best Musical award that he was particularly looking forward to bringing the production, which stars Imelda Staunton and Lara Pulver as original pushy parent Momma Rose and shy daughter Louise, to the West End.
“I hope it will transfer brilliantly,” he told Official London Theatre. “Chichester is a wonderful place, but it has a thrust stage. Gypsy is specifically written for a proscenium arch, so it will be interesting for it to return to its natural home. I think the musical, which hasn’t been seen in London since its first production 40 years ago, has a resonance with audiences now because it deals in the lure and pursuit of success, of the American dream and the damage that causes. It’s something that speaks to people now.”
Chichester’s production of Gypsy was one of a number of shows preparing to transfer to the West End that collected Critics’ Circle Awards. The Royal Court’s online thriller The Nether, which opens at the Duke of York’s next month, shared the award for Best Design, while the Young Vic’s A View From The Bridge, opening at the Wyndham’s in February, won for Best Director (Ivo Van Hove) and Best Actor (Mark Strong).
Screen star Strong, who broke a theatrical hiatus of more than a decade to return to the stage in Arthur Miller’s classic, explained the draw of the production: “I was reading a lot of film scripts and in among those was this play. In terms of characterisation and the multi-layered nature of my character it was head and shoulders above everything else I was reading. It reminded me that actually you can flesh things out on stage that you can’t on film, and it made me want to go back.”
Sir Antony Sher, collecting the award for Best Shakespearean Performance, was similarly effusive about great theatrical roles, explaining his trepidation at taking on the role of Falstaff in the Royal Shakespeare Company productions of Henry IV Parts I & II: “When you play great parts you have to have a certain conviction in yourself that you can do it, because you can’t mess around with those; they’re too important, too big. The way I convinced myself was that it was a great challenge for a character actor, that I was going to have to transform myself physically and vocally and my whole energy would have to become Falstaff. It was a fabulous challenge and a fantastic journey.”
Among the other 2015 Critics’ Circle Theatre Award winners were Helen McCrory, who won Best Actress for her performance in Medea, and Patsy Ferran, named Most Promising Newcomer for her roles in Blithe Spirit and Treasure Island.
While winning awards will generally put anyone in a good mood, Strong, in particular, was full of the joys of the stage after such a successful return, hinting that he may not leave it anywhere near 12 years before taking to the stage again:
“I hope to do more theatre,” he confided. “It depends on the play and the parts, but there are so many good plays and parts out there. There’s nothing quite like going into a room, turning the light off and watching a bunch of people pretending to be other people. You’re genuinely transported. It’s incredible.”
|
|||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 36
|
https://ultimatepopculture.fandom.com/wiki/Category:Outstanding_Performance_by_a_Cast_in_a_Motion_Picture_Screen_Actors_Guild_Award_winners
|
en
|
Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture Screen Actors Guild Award winners
|
https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/7/70/Ben_Affleck_by_Gage_Skidmore_3.jpg/revision/latest?cb=20200904150501
|
https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/7/70/Ben_Affleck_by_Gage_Skidmore_3.jpg/revision/latest?cb=20200904150501
|
[
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/6/6e/Helena_Bonham_Carter_2011_AA.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/160/height/120?cb=20180810190255",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/c/c4/TateDonovan_%28cropped%29.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/160/height/120?cb=20200717124956",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/2/24/Leo_Bardem.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/160/height/120?cb=20230827231309",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/7/70/Ben_Affleck_by_Gage_Skidmore_3.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20200904150501",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/7/70/Ben_Affleck_by_Gage_Skidmore_3.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20200904150501",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/8/89/Sean_Astin_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20190913015930",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/8/89/Sean_Astin_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20190913015930",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/d/d9/Hankazaria05.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20230317135456",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/d/d9/Hankazaria05.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20230317135456",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/7/73/Christian_Bale_2014_%28cropped%29.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20191217145746",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/7/73/Christian_Bale_2014_%28cropped%29.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20191217145746",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/2/24/Leo_Bardem.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20230827231309",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/2/24/Leo_Bardem.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20230827231309",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/6/68/Angela_Bassett_by_Gage_Skidmoe.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20211112161720",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/6/68/Angela_Bassett_by_Gage_Skidmoe.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20211112161720",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/6/6e/Helena_Bonham_Carter_2011_AA.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20180810190255",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/6/6e/Helena_Bonham_Carter_2011_AA.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20180810190255",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/e/ec/Josh_Brolin_SDCC_2014.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20190325163216",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/e/ec/Josh_Brolin_SDCC_2014.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20190325163216",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/5/53/Chris_Cooper_at_the_2009_Tribeca_Film_Festival.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20191218171256",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/5/53/Chris_Cooper_at_the_2009_Tribeca_Film_Festival.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20191218171256",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/b/bf/Garret_Dillahunt_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20180818130736",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/b/bf/Garret_Dillahunt_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20180818130736",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/c/c4/TateDonovan_%28cropped%29.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20200717124956",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/c/c4/TateDonovan_%28cropped%29.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20200717124956",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/6/63/Michael_Fassbender_by_Gage_Skidmore_2015.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20180911141512",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/6/63/Michael_Fassbender_by_Gage_Skidmore_2015.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20180911141512",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/e/e8/PaulGiamattiSept2013TIFF.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20200630013845",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/e/e8/PaulGiamattiSept2013TIFF.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20200630013845",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/3/34/John_Goodman_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20200630014058",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/3/34/John_Goodman_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20200630014058",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/f/fb/Tom_Hanks_2016.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20191023085315",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/f/fb/Tom_Hanks_2016.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20191023085315",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/b/b0/Bryce_Dallas_Howard_June_2018.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20180810133117",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/b/b0/Bryce_Dallas_Howard_June_2018.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20180810133117",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/3/33/Michael_Keaton_NYCC.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20210715013927",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/3/33/Michael_Keaton_NYCC.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20210715013927",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/0/0b/Jennifer_Lawrence_SDCC_2015_X-Men.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20200811133327",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/0/0b/Jennifer_Lawrence_SDCC_2015_X-Men.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20200811133327",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/c/c9/Mike_Myers_2017_%2837220071326%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20210322130842",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/c/c9/Mike_Myers_2017_%2837220071326%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20210322130842",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/e/e3/Spike_Myers_in_2026.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20230603223838",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/e/e3/Spike_Myers_in_2026.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20230603223838",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/7/75/John_Noble_by_Gage_Skidmore_2.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20150920020154",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/7/75/John_Noble_by_Gage_Skidmore_2.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20150920020154",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/1/14/Michael_Pe%C3%B1a_TIFF_2015.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20200811132654",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/1/14/Michael_Pe%C3%B1a_TIFF_2015.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20200811132654",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/4/4c/Brad_Pitt_2019_by_Glenn_Francis.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20210119064740",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/4/4c/Brad_Pitt_2019_by_Glenn_Francis.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20210119064740",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/5/52/Andy_Serkis_by_Gage_Skidmore_2.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20190311174410",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/5/52/Andy_Serkis_by_Gage_Skidmore_2.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20190311174410",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/9/9a/Emma_Stone_at_the_39th_Mill_Valley_Film_Festival_%28cropped%29.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20210607220009",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/9/9a/Emma_Stone_at_the_39th_Mill_Valley_Film_Festival_%28cropped%29.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20210607220009",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/1/10/2016-02-01_Mena_Suvari_%287%29.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20200717022734",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/1/10/2016-02-01_Mena_Suvari_%287%29.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20200717022734",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/a/ac/Liv_Tyler_2008.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20190913015902",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/a/ac/Liv_Tyler_2008.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20190913015902",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/d/d1/Hugo_Weaving_2014.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20191124174448",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/d/d1/Hugo_Weaving_2014.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20191124174448",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/5/59/Robin_Williams_Happy_Feet_premiere.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20230513143508",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/5/59/Robin_Williams_Happy_Feet_premiere.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20230513143508",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/c/c9/Elijah_Wood_%2847955397556%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20191203143141",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/ultimatepopculture/images/c/c9/Elijah_Wood_%2847955397556%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/revision/latest/smart/width/40/height/30?cb=20191203143141",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/6a181c72-e8bf-419b-b4db-18fd56a0eb60",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/6c42ce6a-b205-41f5-82c6-5011721932e7",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/464fc70a-5090-490b-b47e-0759e89c263f",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/f7bb9d33-4f9a-4faa-88fe-2a0bd8138668"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Contributors to Ultimate Pop Culture Wiki"
] | null |
en
|
/skins-ucp/mw139/common/favicon.ico
|
Ultimate Pop Culture Wiki
|
https://ultimatepopculture.fandom.com/wiki/Category:Outstanding_Performance_by_a_Cast_in_a_Motion_Picture_Screen_Actors_Guild_Award_winners
|
Don't have an account?
Register Sign In
|
|||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
0
| 95
|
https://playbill.com/person/antony-sher-vault-0000024645
|
en
|
Antony Sher (Performer)
|
[
"https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=33044428&cv=3.1&cj=1",
"https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=925349244281937&ev=PageView&noscript=1",
"https://pixel.quantserve.com/pixel/p-d4EOGSLZ4snXA.gif",
"https://assets.playbill.com/site/main-logo-trimmed_2023-03-27-021655_agag.png",
"https://assets.playbill.com/site/Playbill-P-Logo-1-5-line_2023-03-27-021704_bzom.png",
"https://assets.playbill.com/head-shots/48039683002803448ec55b8fcf55d384-Antony-Sher.jpg",
"https://assets.playbill.com/playbill-covers/_bspTableThumb/7cf4387ab63e52577a27e592a95f438e-Primo-Playbill-07-05.jpg",
"https://assets.playbill.com/playbill-inside/_bspTableThumb/f3a6a38f802df20a1960a3a00567bb6d-Primo-Jul-08-05-4.jpg",
"https://assets.playbill.com/playbill-covers/_bspTableThumb/0192e6ec28e30ff507af016861403798-Stanley-Playbill-02-97.jpg",
"https://assets.playbill.com/playbill-inside/_bspTableThumb/4677f25cf3a6f6dc8e86519c6c527065-Stanley-Feb-20-97-5.jpg",
"https://cdn.playbill.com/ad-block-logo.png"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] |
2020-06-03T23:18:43-04:00
|
en
|
Playbill
|
https://playbill.com/person/antony-sher-vault-0000024645
|
Blocking belongs
on the stage,
not on websites.
Our website is made possible by
displaying online advertisements to our visitors.
|
||||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 61
|
https://ew.com/2024-sag-awards-winners-full-list-8598439
|
en
|
2024 SAG Awards winners announced: 'Oppenheimer,' 'The Bear' lead
|
[
"https://ew.com/thmb/R7hDIMnlvILEuBbsX6vkHmZHwNg=/40x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Screen-Shot-2022-10-06-at-3.48.51-PM-8497e41336df4c778e870b3d01e8ea48.png 40w, https://ew.com/thmb/QJuTgTcUKjOOjfUZZentxwp7e6g=/58x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Screen-Shot-2022-10-06-at-3.48.51-PM-8497e41336df4c778e870b3d01e8ea48.png 58w, https://ew.com/thmb/cYk6HPsmROJQqDdr23vrVEbWkjc=/76x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Screen-Shot-2022-10-06-at-3.48.51-PM-8497e41336df4c778e870b3d01e8ea48.png 76w, https://ew.com/thmb/yL7MoHYfjjXw9qjIaFKnqkwHB38=/94x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Screen-Shot-2022-10-06-at-3.48.51-PM-8497e41336df4c778e870b3d01e8ea48.png 94w, https://ew.com/thmb/pXbFfdncIMuZgtF7ZM4jS2IGwLA=/112x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Screen-Shot-2022-10-06-at-3.48.51-PM-8497e41336df4c778e870b3d01e8ea48.png 112w",
"https://ew.com/thmb/AgLzcU2vJePeWzfoVxJrxcNVZ78=/75x75/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Screen-Shot-2022-10-06-at-3.48.51-PM-8497e41336df4c778e870b3d01e8ea48.png",
"https://ew.com/thmb/GgTv5J88XGeJ_1O38LSdX2f9Z6c=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/SAG-Awards-Winners-List-2-022424-f86530c2e1ab4a2fb398a098b2781326.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/GgTv5J88XGeJ_1O38LSdX2f9Z6c=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/SAG-Awards-Winners-List-2-022424-f86530c2e1ab4a2fb398a098b2781326.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/ao96mQ3UTZ-S7Jb_JCvYl2utgcg=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Oppenheimer-SAG-Awards-2024-022424-42b1775f8a7443a7ab8cf45654024717.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/ao96mQ3UTZ-S7Jb_JCvYl2utgcg=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Oppenheimer-SAG-Awards-2024-022424-42b1775f8a7443a7ab8cf45654024717.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/XbM7ITw6Iw0nnr0d3XdxwNfgpoY=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Lily-Gladstone-SAG-Awards-2024-022424-97a0fc363a194b70ac39fc8e99f875e1.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/XbM7ITw6Iw0nnr0d3XdxwNfgpoY=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Lily-Gladstone-SAG-Awards-2024-022424-97a0fc363a194b70ac39fc8e99f875e1.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/YEn_bCblnyd7qfSDBMDEGztEPYA=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Succession-SAG-Awards-2024-022424-765d9067cb5a4ee4a190e363b80751fb.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/YEn_bCblnyd7qfSDBMDEGztEPYA=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Succession-SAG-Awards-2024-022424-765d9067cb5a4ee4a190e363b80751fb.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/4KGbIYlsujZtITqyG6KF8pO6BhA=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/SAG-Nominations-011024-7b3975e986ca4b1d9cf8cc56027b44fe.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/4KGbIYlsujZtITqyG6KF8pO6BhA=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/SAG-Nominations-011024-7b3975e986ca4b1d9cf8cc56027b44fe.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/vPDe1jJLwaBkDUodFerFnwitmXE=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/katy-perry-081424-abfb98681f054c74968b3aa0d8a38639.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/vPDe1jJLwaBkDUodFerFnwitmXE=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/katy-perry-081424-abfb98681f054c74968b3aa0d8a38639.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/LhSsZ91Uzt6x6du_qhY8Hg-cyDU=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Awardist-Cover-4x5-ElizabethDebicki-REVISED-210bd554fc044e43861cbf3f06a4d058.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/LhSsZ91Uzt6x6du_qhY8Hg-cyDU=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Awardist-Cover-4x5-ElizabethDebicki-REVISED-210bd554fc044e43861cbf3f06a4d058.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/RYj4g4mLusElMnxlBgIquP2870k=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/emmy-predictions-MAY13-6ae6dc7eee234d209e3a94407b35ef7f.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/RYj4g4mLusElMnxlBgIquP2870k=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/emmy-predictions-MAY13-6ae6dc7eee234d209e3a94407b35ef7f.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/mWo6CJReVRCZifk9DWZ09cotqCQ=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/_SAG-Awards-011824-3d5ad37c07874aa0b5eddc5f844b3435.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/mWo6CJReVRCZifk9DWZ09cotqCQ=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/_SAG-Awards-011824-3d5ad37c07874aa0b5eddc5f844b3435.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/o5aHxug8ZtQAgWZRZ4YK4GMPLgc=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Matthew-McConaughey-Barry-Jenkins-and-Brad-Pitt-081324-65b8ef54f4c646d1906718d7dc75d569.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/o5aHxug8ZtQAgWZRZ4YK4GMPLgc=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Matthew-McConaughey-Barry-Jenkins-and-Brad-Pitt-081324-65b8ef54f4c646d1906718d7dc75d569.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/PNYhx5rJNz5cwONh9IGP8XNycuY=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Iron-Man-Disney-experiences-081124-02-215781b5fbeb4f5bb2f8d9e82582b20e.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/PNYhx5rJNz5cwONh9IGP8XNycuY=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Iron-Man-Disney-experiences-081124-02-215781b5fbeb4f5bb2f8d9e82582b20e.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/CwWHS3xWZAjq5aN-5ELYfTHijZ8=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Holland-Taylor-Sarah-Paulson-Tony-Awards-061724-3820e760e00647468031b966ae2b0ab7.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/CwWHS3xWZAjq5aN-5ELYfTHijZ8=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Holland-Taylor-Sarah-Paulson-Tony-Awards-061724-3820e760e00647468031b966ae2b0ab7.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/n3m6qa8AiFeIktPETDa8ujtLWZA=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Awardist-Cover-TrueDetectiveNightCountry-Final-832da674b5ec4b3c9fe6be2a71cfc2b7.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/n3m6qa8AiFeIktPETDa8ujtLWZA=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Awardist-Cover-TrueDetectiveNightCountry-Final-832da674b5ec4b3c9fe6be2a71cfc2b7.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/4D7tsVSzrOlD4_8yW_4lOgE4wm8=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Last-of-Us-Catherine-OHara-Pedro-Pascal-080424-17856538eab94b8cb6b67dd5a59bffc8.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/4D7tsVSzrOlD4_8yW_4lOgE4wm8=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Last-of-Us-Catherine-OHara-Pedro-Pascal-080424-17856538eab94b8cb6b67dd5a59bffc8.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/k3w4iFtb7ZVdKkVLLTXqq-QtnKQ=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Robert-Downey-Jr-marvel-072724-516e09127a0a47508d0d446c82e471e4.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/k3w4iFtb7ZVdKkVLLTXqq-QtnKQ=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Robert-Downey-Jr-marvel-072724-516e09127a0a47508d0d446c82e471e4.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/aRuDtvT-Mi-Q6uuTN-ombweWXY0=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Meryl-Streep-SAG-Awards-2024-022424-3b9c831c024e42c79423ae33ad67b59e.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/aRuDtvT-Mi-Q6uuTN-ombweWXY0=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Meryl-Streep-SAG-Awards-2024-022424-3b9c831c024e42c79423ae33ad67b59e.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/8I7UMgDNUBsJaIrytLeUvvr1Vxg=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/mtv-081224-b65686f797e7464db7cc4b5bdaedf2d2.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/8I7UMgDNUBsJaIrytLeUvvr1Vxg=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/mtv-081224-b65686f797e7464db7cc4b5bdaedf2d2.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/O-hdO9MEyAwQZwjZ1aPv477lx9g=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/deadpool-iron-man-tout-080924-02eb64d1a25843e7b2b781d617c455f5.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/O-hdO9MEyAwQZwjZ1aPv477lx9g=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/deadpool-iron-man-tout-080924-02eb64d1a25843e7b2b781d617c455f5.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/6OXLzcGYgtktrxEq22LT1u22MRo=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/selena-gomez-071724-39da8852851741bba54238381cb63123.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/6OXLzcGYgtktrxEq22LT1u22MRo=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/selena-gomez-071724-39da8852851741bba54238381cb63123.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/2UIKtoEoQKbJHnN3HpQoH0olK8o=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/emmy-guest-acting-predictions-july2024-cacb93f033e043798dfe8ffd380e4ecf.jpg",
"https://ew.com/thmb/2UIKtoEoQKbJHnN3HpQoH0olK8o=/282x188/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/emmy-guest-acting-predictions-july2024-cacb93f033e043798dfe8ffd380e4ecf.jpg",
"https://privacy-policy.truste.com/privacy-seal/seal?rid=66410a94-db48-4a68-8eae-de35e6397332"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Joey Nolfi",
"www.facebook.com"
] |
2024-02-24T19:47:21.882000-05:00
|
See the full list of 2024 SAG Awards winners as the Screen Actors Guild names the year's best acting performances in movies and TV. 'Oppenheimer' and 'The Bear' led with the most wins, as Lily Gladstone pulled off an upset over Emma Stone.
|
en
|
/favicon.ico
|
EW.com
|
https://ew.com/2024-sag-awards-winners-full-list-8598439
|
Following a monumental year that saw a historic SAG-AFTRA strike halt Hollywood productions for months, the Screen Actors Guild banded together once again to honor the best film and TV performances of the year at the 2024 SAG Awards, with Oppenheimer and The Bear leading the night overall.
From steadfast Oscar contenders like Oppenheimer's heavyweight cast (Cillian Murphy, Emily Blunt, Robert Downey Jr.) to TV juggernauts like the ensemble cast of Succession, the night's champions gave performances that earned raves on screens big and small across the last year.
On the movies side, the Oppenheimer cast took the night's highest honor for their collective work in Christopher Nolan's blockbuster film, which is expected to win Best Picture at the Oscars next month. Murphy and Downey Jr. also won individual trophies, as did The Holdovers actress Da'Vine Joy Randolph and Killers of the Flower Moon performer Lily Gladstone — the latter of whom pulled off a shocking upset over presumed frontrunner Emma Stone (Poor Things) just three days before final Academy Awards voting closes.
While Murphy, Downey Jr., and Randolph were predicted to win individual trophies at the SAG Awards before repeating in their respective categories at the March 10 Oscars, Gladstone's victory over Stone in the Best Actress race puts a question mark over the performers' final showdown.
Additionally, TV stars Pedro Pascal (The Last of Us) Elizabeth Debicki (The Crown), Beef leads Ali Wong and Steven Yeun, as well as The Bear stars Ayo Edebiri and Jeremy Allen White all won solo statuettes, with the casts of The Bear and Succession taking the ensemble prizes.
First out of the gate ahead of the ceremony's kickoff, the stunt teams behind The Last of Us and Mission: Impossible — Dead Reckoning, Part One won for Stunt Ensemble in a TV series and Motion Picture, respectively.
Elsewhere at the SAG Awards, the show hosted an eclectic roster of presenters, including a Devil Wears Prada reunion featuring Meryl Streep, Anne Hathaway, and Blunt, as well as several cast reunions for popular projects like Modern Family, Breaking Bad, The Lord of the Rings, and more.
The 30th annual SAG Awards took place across a live streaming ceremony — the awards body's first-ever live show to debut on Netflix's main platform, following a decades-long broadcast partnership with TNT and TBS that ended in 2022.
See the full list of 2024 SAG Awards winners in both the film and TV categories below.
FILM CATEGORIES
Motion Picture cast
American Fiction
Barbie
The Color Purple
Killers of the Flower Moon
WINNER: Oppenheimer
Male Actor in a Leading Role — Motion Picture
Bradley Cooper, Maestro
Colman Domingo, Rustin
Paul Giamatti, The Holdovers
WINNER: Cillian Murphy, Oppenheimer
Jeffrey Wright, American Fiction
Female Actor in a Leading Role — Motion Picture
Annette Bening, Nyad
WINNER: Lily Gladstone, Killers of the Flower Moon
Carey Mulligan, Maestro
Margot Robbie, Barbie
Emma Stone, Poor Things
Male Actor in a Supporting Role — Motion Picture
Sterling K. Brown, American Fiction
Willem Dafoe, Poor Things
Robert De Niro, Killers of the Flower Moon
WINNER: Robert Downey, Jr., Oppenheimer
Ryan Gosling, Barbie
Female Actor in a Supporting Role — Motion Picture
Emily Blunt, Oppenheimer
Danielle Brooks, The Color Purple
Penélope Cruz, Ferrari
Jodie Foster, Nyad
WINNER: Da'Vine Joy Randolph, The Holdovers
Stunt Ensemble in a Motion Picture
Barbie
Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3
Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny
John Wick: Chapter 4
WINNER: Mission: Impossible — Dead Reckoning, Part One
TELEVISION CATEGORIES
Drama Series Ensemble
The Crown
The Gilded Age
The Last of Us
The Morning Show
WINNER: Succession
Comedy Series Ensemble
Abbott Elementary
Barry
WINNER: The Bear
Only Murders in the Building
Ted Lasso
Male Actor in a TV movie or Miniseries
Matt Bomer, Fellow Travelers
Jon Hamm, Fargo
David Oyelowo, Lawmen: Bass Reeves
Tony Shalhoub, Mr. Monk's Last Case: A Monk Movie
WINNER: Steven Yeun, Beef
Female Actor in a TV movie or Miniseries
Uzo Aduba, Painkiller
Kathryn Hahn, Tiny Beautiful Things
Brie Larson, Lessons in Chemistry
Bel Powley, A Small Light
WINNER: Ali Wong, Beef
Male Actor in a Drama Series
Brian Cox, Succession
Billy Crudup, The Morning Show
Kieran Culkin, Succession
Matthew Macfadyen, Succession
WINNER: Pedro Pascal, The Last of Us
Female Actor in a Drama Series
Jennifer Aniston, The Morning Show
WINNER: Elizabeth Debicki, The Crown
Bella Ramsey, The Last of Us
Keri Russell, The Diplomat
Sarah Snook, Succession
Male Actor in a Comedy Series
Brett Goldstein, Ted Lasso
Bill Hader, Barry
Ebon Moss-Bachrach, The Bear
Jason Sudeikis, Ted Lasso
WINNER: Jeremy Allen White, The Bear
Female Actor in a Comedy Series
Alex Borstein, The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel
Rachel Brosnahan, The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel
Quinta Brunson, Abbott Elementary
WINNER: Ayo Edebiri, The Bear
Hannah Waddingham, Ted Lasso
Stunt Ensemble in a TV Series
Ahsoka
Barry
Beef
WINNER: The Last of Us
The Mandalorian
2024 SAG Life Achievement Award
Barbra Streisand
Check out more from EW's The Awardist, featuring exclusive interviews, analysis, and our podcast diving into all the highlights from the year's best in TV.
Related content:
|
||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 77
|
https://foxsanantonio.com/news/entertainment/oppenheimer-lily-gladstone-win-big-at-30th-screen-actors-guild-awards-cillian-murphy-robert-downey-jr-christopher-nolan-sag-awards-netflix-poor-things-emma-stone-kills-of-the-flower-moon
|
en
|
'Oppenheimer,' Lily Gladstone win big at 30th Screen Actors Guild Awards
|
[
"https://foxsanantonio.com/resources/assets/kabb/images/logos/kabb-logo.svg",
"https://foxsanantonio.com/resources/defaults/news_3.0/network_logos/fox_logo.svg",
"https://sinclairstoryline.com/resources/defaults/news_3.0/icons/ui/sbg-account-symbol.svg",
"https://foxsanantonio.com/resources/defaults/news_3.0/icons/accessibility/userway-transparent.svg",
"https://foxsanantonio.com/resources/media2/16x9/full/1015/center/80/6394c587-9e9a-4651-afc9-006d218df210-large16x9_AP24056139698408.jpg",
"https://foxsanantonio.com/resources/media2/2409x1355/2409/648/0x126/80/210c043d-2e7e-4777-9e38-2e0ec95aabef-AP24023318001040.jpg",
"https://foxsanantonio.com/resources/media2/3952x2223/3952/648/0x236/80/a2e1583f-875e-4f0e-b67e-9d8bbbeef9b3-AP24056087941947.jpg",
"https://foxsanantonio.com/resources/defaults/news_3.0/icons/ui/sbg-gallery_w.svg",
"https://foxsanantonio.com/resources/media2/2004x1127/2004/648/0x678/80/ad127a86-5070-4164-87f1-b982820925e4-AP24056110806965.jpg",
"https://foxsanantonio.com/resources/defaults/news_3.0/icons/social/facebook.svg",
"https://foxsanantonio.com/resources/defaults/news_3.0/icons/social/twitter.svg",
"https://foxsanantonio.com/resources/defaults/news_3.0/icons/social/email.svg",
"https://foxsanantonio.com/resources/defaults/news_3.0/icons/social/facebook.svg",
"https://foxsanantonio.com/resources/defaults/news_3.0/icons/social/twitter.svg",
"https://segment.prod.bidr.io/associate-segment?buzz_key=sinclair&segment_key=sinclair-232&value="
] |
[] |
[] |
[
"Oppenheimer",
"SAG Awards",
"Lily Gladstone",
"Netflix",
"Academy Awards",
"Cillian Murphy",
"Robert Downey Jr.",
"Christopher Nolan"
] | null |
[
"JAKE COYLE",
"Film",
"www.facebook.com"
] |
2024-02-25T11:13:39+00:00
|
"Oppenheimer" continued to steamroll through Hollywood's awards season on Saturday, winning the top prize, for outstanding cast.
|
en
|
/resources/assets/kabb/images/logos/favicon-32x32.png
|
KABB
|
https://thenationaldesk.com/news/from-the-desk/oppenheimer-lily-gladstone-win-big-at-30th-screen-actors-guild-awards-cillian-murphy-robert-downey-jr-christopher-nolan-sag-awards-netflix-poor-things-emma-stone-kills-of-the-flower-moon
|
"Oppenheimer" continued to steamroll through Hollywood's awards season on Saturday, winning the top prize, for outstanding cast, along with awards for Cillian Murphy and Robert Downey Jr., at the
As the Academy Awards draw closer, Christopher Nolan's blockbuster biopic — already a winner at the Golden Globes and the BAFTAs — has increasingly looked like the run-away favorite. The SAG Awards, one of the most telling Oscar predictors, will only add to the momentum for " ," the lead Academy Awards nominee with 13 nods.
The SAG Awards were streamed live on Netflix, a first for a major Hollywood award show. That made for some significant tweaks to the age-old traditions of such ceremonies. There were no ads. Profanity was permitted. ("Don't say anything you wouldn't say in front of Oprah," said Idris Elba.) And winners were occasionally interviewed backstage by red-carpet co-host Tan France — sometimes awkwardly, sometimes charmingly.
The SAG Awards don't always signify Oscar success. Two of the last five winners from the guild ("The Trial of the Chicago 7" and "Black Panther") lost at the Academy Awards. But in the past two years, all five of the top SAG prizes — best ensemble and the four acting winners — have corresponded with the eventual Oscar winners, including the ensembles for "Everything Everywhere All at Once" and "CODA."
That could mean the SAGs offered an Oscar preview in two of the closest contests: best actor and best actress.
The night's most thrilling win went to Lily Gladstone for female actor in a leading role in Martin Scorsese's "Killers of the Flower Moon." No category has been more hotly contested, with analysts evenly split between Gladstone and Emma Stone for "Poor Things."
But Gladstone won Saturday and the crowd erupted. Stone, too, stood and vigorously applauded. More is riding on Gladstone than perhaps any other Oscar contender this year. Her win would be a first for Native Americans.
"We bring empathy into a world that so much needs it," said Gladstone. "It's so easy to distance ourselves. It's so easy to close off, to stop feeling. And we all bravely keep feeling. And that humanizes people. That brings people out of the shadows. It brings visibility."
Murphy and Paul Giamatti ("The Holdovers") have also been seen as in a neck-and-neck contest. But Murphy has now won at the SAGs, the BAFTAs and Globes, suggesting he has the clear edge heading into the Academy Awards.
Downey Jr. and Da'Vine Joy Randolph each won for their supporting performances, likewise solidifying their status as Oscar favorites.
"Why me? Why now? Why do things seem to be going my way?" said Downey Jr., accepting his first SAG Award for a film performance. "Unlike my fellow nominees, I will never grow tired from the sound of my own voice."
Randolph's performance in Alexander Payne's "The Holdovers" has been a breakthrough role for the 37-year-old actor. Now, she appears poised to win the Academy Award.
"To every actor out there still waiting in the wings for their chance, let me tell you: Your life can change in a day," Randolph said. "It's not a question of if but when. Keep going."
After more than two decades airing on TNT and TBS to dwindling viewership, Netflix acquired telecast rights to the SAG Awards in early 2023. Netflix, a dominant force for years in awards season, turned host, too.
"Personally, I can't wait to get home and have Netflix recommend this show to me based on all the other stuff that I watch myself in," joked Idris Elba, the night's de facto emcee.
The TV awards went largely to the same shows that have cleaned up at the Emmys and Golden Globes: "The Bear" (best comedy series ensemble, Jeremy Allen White, Ayo Edebiri ); "Beef" (Ali Wong, Steven Yeun); and the cast of "Succession."
One exception was Pedro Pascal, who won best male actor in a drama series for "The Last of Us" over a trio of "Succession" stars.
"This is wrong for a number of reasons," said a visibly stunned Pascal. "I'm a little bit drunk. I thought I could get drunk."
This year's SAG Awards follows a grueling months-long strike in which the SAG-AFTRA union fought a bitter battle over a number of issues. Much of the work stoppage was prompted over changes in the film and TV industry brought on by streaming and a sea change led by Netflix.
"Your solidarity ignited workers around the world, triggering what forever will be remember as 'the hot labor summer,'" said Fran Drescher, president of SAG-AFTRA. "This was a seminal moment in our union's history."
The new streaming platform was sure to put even more of a spotlight on one of the most closely-watched predictors of the Academy Awards. Oscar voting wraps Tuesday.
Barbra Streisand held the audience in rapt attention while accepting a lifetime achievement award, presented by Jennifer Aniston and Bradley Cooper.
"I remember dreaming of being an actress as a teenager sitting in my bed in Brooklyn with a pint of coffee ice cream and a movie magazine," said Streisand, who recalled being transfixed by "my first crush," Marlon Brando.
Streisand also took a moment to celebrate the Jewish pioneers of Hollywood.
"Now I dream of a world where such prejudice is a thing of the past," she said.
Saturday's show was one of Netflix's most significant forays yet into live streaming events. Netflix has previously hosted a live Chris Rock comedy special, a celebrity golf tournament and a live reunion "Love Is Blind" episode that was marred by technical difficulties. But Netflix is gearing up for more. On March 3, it will stream a live tennis event.
|
||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 98
|
https://www.cbsnews.com/news/2024-sag-awards-nominations-announced-full-list/
|
en
|
SAG Awards nominations for 2024 announced: See the full list of nominees
|
[
"https://assets3.cbsnewsstatic.com/hub/i/r/2024/08/15/9da6c924-8f48-44cb-8762-dfd63a518163/thumbnail/1200x630/bcda98ecf8bc606cfcef581e8fe2824b/gettyimages-1636731334.jpg?v=d8f7565ef3e8b72561ee316b5993cbf9",
"https://assets1.cbsnewsstatic.com/hub/i/r/2024/08/15/f23e6c85-d6c7-4f37-a8d3-8dd41691a46c/thumbnail/1200x630/c36103f130fb736678c0d4aa929f108b/gettyimages-2165606600.jpg?v=fd6e213336f58b575c9e836e95546d26",
"https://assets1.cbsnewsstatic.com/hub/i/r/2024/08/19/78c142ec-5521-4142-a397-fd7233b961d0/thumbnail/1200x630/6e80fe90c86e2b9607f6bb0cef078de0/0819-cmo-dnc68.jpg?v=d8f7565ef3e8b72561ee316b5993cbf9",
"https://assets3.cbsnewsstatic.com/hub/i/r/2024/08/18/c2c95606-3b5c-4427-a298-4f7d6f4de4de/thumbnail/1200x630/a3db31536732b3c736bc5ea3e9d664ad/0818-ftn-open.jpg?v=d8f7565ef3e8b72561ee316b5993cbf9",
"https://assets1.cbsnewsstatic.com/hub/i/r/2024/08/19/e44c5e8e-007c-4804-a4aa-eda6967c6142/thumbnail/1200x630/7374c998540657e1c5109dbc4212b248/gettyimages-1696378434.jpg?v=fd6e213336f58b575c9e836e95546d26",
"https://assets3.cbsnewsstatic.com/hub/i/r/2024/08/15/9da6c924-8f48-44cb-8762-dfd63a518163/thumbnail/1200x630/bcda98ecf8bc606cfcef581e8fe2824b/gettyimages-1636731334.jpg?v=d8f7565ef3e8b72561ee316b5993cbf9",
"https://assets1.cbsnewsstatic.com/hub/i/r/2024/08/15/f23e6c85-d6c7-4f37-a8d3-8dd41691a46c/thumbnail/1200x630/c36103f130fb736678c0d4aa929f108b/gettyimages-2165606600.jpg?v=fd6e213336f58b575c9e836e95546d26",
"https://assets1.cbsnewsstatic.com/hub/i/r/2024/08/19/78c142ec-5521-4142-a397-fd7233b961d0/thumbnail/1200x630/6e80fe90c86e2b9607f6bb0cef078de0/0819-cmo-dnc68.jpg?v=d8f7565ef3e8b72561ee316b5993cbf9",
"https://assets3.cbsnewsstatic.com/hub/i/r/2024/08/18/c2c95606-3b5c-4427-a298-4f7d6f4de4de/thumbnail/1200x630/a3db31536732b3c736bc5ea3e9d664ad/0818-ftn-open.jpg?v=d8f7565ef3e8b72561ee316b5993cbf9"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
"Screen Actors Guild",
"SAG Awards"
] | null |
[
"Emily Mae Czachor"
] |
2024-01-10T11:57:00-05:00
|
"Barbie," "Oppenheimer" and "American Fiction" lead the film nominations at the SAG Awards this year, which often give major hints about upcoming Oscars races.
|
en
|
https://www.cbsnews.com/news/2024-sag-awards-nominations-announced-full-list/
|
Nominations for the 30th annual Screen Actors Guild Awards were announced on Wednesday morning, giving nods to a handful of last year's blockbusters and critical hits during a presentation hosted by Kumail Nanjiani and Issa Rae.
"Barbie," "Oppenheimer" and "American Fiction" led the SAG Awards nominations this year for films, while "Succession" led for television series. Other films that will compete for the prize in the award show's top category, for best ensemble in a motion picture, are "The Color Purple" and "Killers of the Flower Moon."
Nominees across film and television were similar to those that contended recently at the Golden Globe Awards, outside of "The Color Purple" — which was not nominated in the Globes' main film races in a turnout that many considered a snub — and "Poor Things" — which took home several top honors at the Globes but only earned two acting nominations from the Screen Actors Guild. "Oppenheimer" won big at the Globes as did "Succession," the series that also dominates the nominations list for the Emmys.
The SAG Awards have been known historically to provide the biggest clues as to which titles, performers and creators could go on to receive nominations for the Academy Awards — which will be unveiled next weekend — and how those contenders might eventually fare on Oscars night.
The SAG Awards takes place Feb. 24 and will be streamed live on Netflix. The ceremony comes after a year of contention between Hollywood studios and film and television actors who are part of the SAG-AFTRA union, which combines the Screen Actors Guild and the American Federation of Television and Radio Artists. The union reached a tentative agreement with studios in November for a new labor contract, ending a four-month strike.
Here are 2024 SAG Awards nominees:
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role
Annette Bening, "Nyad"
Lily Gladstone, "Killers of the Flower Moon"
Carey Mulligan, "Maestro"
Margot Robbie, "Barbie"
Emma Stone, "Poor Things"
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role
Bradley Cooper, "Maestro"
Colman Domingo, "Rustin"
Paul Giamatti, "The Holdovers"
Cillian Murphy, "Oppenheimer"
Jeffrey Wright, "American Fiction"
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Supporting Role
Emily Blunt, "Oppenheimer"
Danielle Brooks, "The Color Purple"
Penelope Cruz, "Ferrari"
Jodie Foster, "Nyad"
Da'Vine Joy Randolph, "The Holdovers"
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Supporting Role
Sterling K. Brown, "American Fiction"
Willem Dafoe, "Poor Things"
Robert De Niro, "Killers of the Flower Moon"
Robert Downey Jr., "Oppenheimer"
Ryan Gosling, "Barbie"
Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture
"American Fiction"
"Barbie"
"The Color Purple"
"Killers of the Flower Moon"
"Oppenheimer"
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Television Movie or Limited Series
Uzo Aduba, "Painkiller"
Kathryn Hahn, "Tiny Beautiful Things"
Brie Larson, "Lessons in Chemistry"
Be Powley, "A Small Light"
Ali Wong, "Beef"
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Television Movie or Limited Series
Matt Bomer, "Fellow Travelers"
Jon Hamm, "Fargo"
David Oyelowo, "Lawmen: Bass Reeves"
Tony Shalhoub, "Mr. Monk's Last Case: A Monk Movie"
Steven Yeun, "Beef"
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series
Jennifer Aniston, "The Morning Show"
Elizabeth Debicki, "The Crown"
Bella Ramsey, "The Last of Us"
Keri Russell, "The Diplomat"
Sarah Snook, "Succession"
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Drama Series
Brian Cox, "Succession"
Billy Crudup, "The Morning Show"
Kieran Culkin, "Succession"
Matthew Macfadyen, "Succession"
Pedro Pascal, "The Last of Us"
Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series
"The Crown"
"The Guilded Age"
"The Last of Us"
"The Morning Show"
"Succession"
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Comedy Series
Alex Borstein, "The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel"
Rachel Brosnahan, "The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel"
Quinta Brunson, "Abbott Elementary"
Ayo Edebiri, "The Bear"
Hannah Waddingham, "Ted Lasso"
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Comedy Series
Brett Goldstein, "Ted Lasso"
Bill Hader, "Barry"
Ebon Moss-Bachrach, "The Bear"
Jason Sudeikis, "Ted Lasso"
Jeremy Allen White, "The Bear"
Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series
"Abbot Elementary"
"Barry"
"The Bear"
"Only Murders in the Building"
"Ted Lasso"
Outstanding Action Performance by a Stunt Ensemble in a Television Series
"Ahsoka"
"Barry"
"Beef"
"The Last of Us"
"The Mandalorian"
Outstanding Action Performance by a Stunt Ensemble in a Motion Picture
"Barbie"
"Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3"
"Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny"
"John Wick: Chapter 4"
"Mission: Impossible – Dead Reckoning Part One"
|
||||||
5893
|
dbpedia
|
0
| 83
|
https://www.goldderby.com/article/2016/oscar-best-actress-natalie-portman-jackie-emma-stone-la-la-land/
|
en
|
Best Actress Oscar battle: 5 reasons why Natalie Portman (‘Jackie’) will win over Emma Stone (‘La La Land’)
|
[
"https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=6035310&c4=&cv=3.9&cj=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/avatars/2643/57efce4bbb6a8-bpfull.jpg?w=0&crop=0px%2C0px%2C250px%2C250px&resize=35%2C35&strip=info",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/natalie-portman-jackie.jpg?w=620&h=360&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-goldderby/assets/images/logo-white.png",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-goldderby/assets/images/loading.gif",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/slugfest_aba818.png",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Hiroyuki-Sanada.jpg",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-goldderby/assets/images/loading.gif",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-goldderby/assets/images/loading.gif",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-goldderby/assets/images/loading.gif",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/The-Bear.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Hacks-1.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Only-Murders-in-the-Building.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/Abbott-Elementary.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Curb-Your-Enthusiasm-1.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Reservation-Dogs.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/What-We-Do-in-the-Shadows-1.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Palm-Royale.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-goldderby/assets/images/loading.gif",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-goldderby/assets/images/loading.gif",
"https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/2a2c9dd84e4ebfd4a51f5dfd75b274dd?s=96&r=pg&d=monsterid",
"https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/cba702c285b6f0965e0615d4c30f6028?s=96&r=pg&d=monsterid",
"https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/7df284c89fb08e1ebb59b9e156cff4bb?s=96&r=pg&d=monsterid",
"https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/54b6cb5d0dbbb177ba656cbdb3e1730d?s=96&r=pg&d=monsterid",
"https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/8d48df0c7ea8581665c3e8f93d16c5d3?s=96&r=pg&d=monsterid",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/image-178.jpg?w=450&crop=0px%2C0px%2C250px%2C250px&resize=96%2C96&strip=info",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/avatars/46156/59c5e7ebd618e-bpfull.jpg?w=0&crop=0px%2C0px%2C250px%2C250px&resize=96%2C96&strip=info",
"https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/0dfa753448d895c7098ddedceaf714ad?s=96&r=pg&d=monsterid",
"https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e?s=96&r=pg&d=monsterid",
"https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/aae88ea6df0db2d9f4d825fa7dac02a1?s=96&r=pg&d=monsterid",
"https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/fa14e63974651f211c7443f046e1a1ae?s=96&r=pg&d=monsterid",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/suspiria-movie-5k-qs-3840x2400.jpg?w=450&crop=215px%2C17px%2C217px%2C217px&resize=96%2C96&strip=info",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-goldderby/assets/images/loading.gif",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-goldderby/assets/images/loading.gif",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-goldderby/assets/images/loading.gif",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Sing-Sing.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Dune-Part-Two.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Steve-McQueen-SQ.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Edward-Berger.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Anora.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Emilia-Perez.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Joker-Folie-a-Deux.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/RaMell-Ross.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Gladiator-II-SQ.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/A-Complete-Unknown.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/Malcolm-Washington.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/A-Real-Pain.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Wicked.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/The-Room-Next-Door.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Nightbitch.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Mike-Leigh-SQ.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/The-Seed-of-the-Sacred-Fig.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Saturday-Night.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Challengers-200.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/inside-out-2.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/Robert-Zemeckis-SQ.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Didi.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Nosferatu.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Hit-Man.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/civil-war-200.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/John-Crowley-SQ.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Clint-Eastwood-1.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/The-Substance.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Monkey-Man-200.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Fancy-Dance-1.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Rachel-Morrison.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Kinds-of-Kindness.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Furiosa-A-Mad-Max-Saga-200.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Megalopolis.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Azazel-Jacobs.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/The-Bikeriders.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/All-We-Imagine-as-Light.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/A-Different-Man.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/nicole-kidman-1.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Love-Lies-Bleeding-200.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/back-to-black-200.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Deadpool-and-Wolverine.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/I-Saw-the-TV-Glow-200.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/We-Grown-Now.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Beetlejuice-Beetlejuice.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Nia-DaCosta.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/The-Wild-Robot.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/Andrea-Arnold-SQ.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Thelma-200.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Mothers-Instinct.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Bob-Marley.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/One-Life-200.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Kingdom-of-the-Planet-of-the-Apes-200x200-1.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/The-Idea-of-You.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Janet-Planet-200.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Michael-Gracey-SQ.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Rumours.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Sasquatch-Sunset-200.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Piece-by-Piece.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Parthenope.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Wallace-and-Gromit.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Ellen-Kuras.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Moana-2.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Mufasa.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/The-Outrun.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Firebrand.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Alessandra-Lacorazza-Samudio.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Audrey-Diwan.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Drive-Away-Dolls-200.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Young-Woman-and-the-Sea-200.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/Anna-Kendrick.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Wildcat.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/The-Book-of-Clarence-200.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Scott-Beck-Bryan-Woods.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/William-Goldenberg.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Tuesday-200.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Shirley.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Horizon.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Small-Things-Like-These.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/Tyler-Perry-SQ.jpg?w=28&h=28&crop=1",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-goldderby/assets/images/loading.gif",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-goldderby/assets/images/loading.gif",
"https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/6f5012ede12f1f275871ae16298f06f1?s=96&r=pg&d=monsterid",
"https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/dbf079f2640ab829eeff029be5d32858?s=96&r=pg&d=monsterid",
"https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/24ee0eab83944dae6008a6a607fe4745?s=96&r=pg&d=monsterid",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Denton-Davidson.jpg?w=450&crop=0px%2C28px%2C450px%2C450px&resize=96%2C96&strip=info",
"https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/d1e8b749ac9ab9297d97c3b33c24db6e?s=96&r=pg&d=monsterid",
"https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/e5afa304d7c4cc2e68c6ab401d0e0b1a?s=96&r=pg&d=monsterid",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/6F12A38B-4DAB-4E6A-B500-9360EB0633E5.jpeg?w=404&crop=51px%2C4px%2C251px%2C251px&resize=96%2C96&strip=info",
"https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/6f5012ede12f1f275871ae16298f06f1?s=96&r=pg&d=monsterid",
"https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/27b4e098105500f32fa3208e8ca9ad99?s=96&r=pg&d=monsterid",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/DB767E13-1DBF-4922-807F-2CFFE3147A0A.gif?w=365&crop=0px%2C17px%2C245px%2C245px&resize=96%2C96&strip=info",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/DIVVIJ-KAK.jpg?w=450&crop=150px%2C75px%2C150px%2C150px&resize=96%2C96&strip=info",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/CCC26758-8CA1-4FC0-8442-941D83211A52.jpeg?w=450&crop=86px%2C0px%2C338px%2C338px&resize=96%2C96&strip=info",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/dlm-profile-photo.jpg?w=450&crop=0px%2C0px%2C400px%2C400px&resize=40%2C40&strip=info",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Profile-Photo.jpg?w=450&crop=0px%2C3px%2C297px%2C297px&resize=40%2C40&strip=info",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/TIMMY_094b6b.jpg?w=450&crop=61px%2C19px%2C331px%2C331px&resize=40%2C40&strip=info",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/dlm-profile-photo.jpg?w=450&crop=0px%2C0px%2C400px%2C400px&resize=40%2C40&strip=info",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/8DC7512E-87D6-47D1-BFF0-88ADA113C347.webp?w=449&crop=133px%2C9px%2C197px%2C197px&resize=40%2C40&strip=info",
"https://www.goldderby.com/wp-content/themes/vip/pmc-goldderby/assets/images/mail.png",
"https://pixel.quantserve.com/pixel/p-3fYA_jjXdhqZ-.gif"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Tariq Khan"
] |
2016-12-27T12:30:37+00:00
|
Emma Stone is the Best Actress Oscar frontrunner for "La La Land" but here are five reasons why Natalie Portman could prevail for "Jackie."
|
en
|
GoldDerby
|
https://www.goldderby.com/article/2016/oscar-best-actress-natalie-portman-jackie-emma-stone-la-la-land/
|
When I made by early Oscar predictions here on Gold Derby, I enthusiastically placed Emma Stone as my number one choice for Best Actress in “La La Land.” I had yet to actually see the film at the time, but had long been a fan of Stone since seeing her hilarious turns in films like “The House Bunny,” “Ghosts of Girlfriends Past” and “Easy A.” In 2014, I initially picked her to win the Best Supporting Actress Oscar for her small but scene-stealing role as Michael Keaton‘s daughter in “Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance.”) After her rival Patricia Arquette began to clean up the precursor awards for “Boyhood,” I recognized my own ignorance and switched my prediction from Stone to Arquette. My heart still broke when Stone lost on Oscar night, but I took comfort in knowing that she would have many chances in the future.
Having now seen all of the likely 2016 Best Actress contenders, it pains me to say that I just don’t believe that this is going to be Stone’s year. I honestly hope that I’m wrong, and welcome any arguments to persuade me to change my prediction back to her. But in the meantime, here are five reasons why I believe that Natalie Portman has the Best Actress Oscar all sewn up for “Jackie.”
Sign up: Gold Derby’s free newsletter
with experts’ latest predictions and breaking news
1. She portrays a real person.
I know – this reason resurfaces virtually every awards season. And it doesn’t always apply. (Does anyone remember acceptance speeches by Bryan Cranston in “Trumbo” or Michael Fassbender in “Steve Jobs” during the last go-around?) However, let’s dig just a little deeper into this. Over the past 15 years, in virtually every competitive lead acting Oscar race, the artist impersonating a real individual has prevailed over the one creating a fictional character. Here are some examples: Adrien Brody in “The Pianist” over Daniel Day-Lewis in “Gangs of New York,” Nicole Kidman in “The Hours” over Renée Zellweger in “Chicago,” Charlize Theron in “Monster” over Diane Keaton in “Something’s Gotta Give,” Reese Witherspoon in “Walk the Line” over Felicity Huffman in “Transamerica,” Marion Cotillard in “La Vie en Rose” over Julie Christie in “Away from Her,” Sean Penn in “Milk” over Mickey Rourke in “The Wrestler,” Meryl Streep in “The Iron Lady” over Viola Davis in “The Help,” and Eddie Redmayne in “The Theory of Everything” over Keaton in “Birdman.” Clearly, the theory that playing a real person wins awards isn’t just for the birds. Portman could almost fly away with the gold based on this reason alone.
2. She undergoes a major onscreen transformation.
Once again, yet another argument that is often repeated. And once again, Portman in “Jackie” is the perfect example. The 1960’s bouffant hairdo. The subtle yet striking makeup. The thick Mid-Atlantic accent. And of course, the iconic pink Chanel suit. As sensational as Stone is in “La La Land,” she looks like the same radiant redhead that we’ve come to know (and love.) Meanwhile, you almost forget that you’re watching Portman in “Jackie.” It truly feels as if First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy is up there on the screen. This powerful transformation could lead Portman straight to the Oscar jackpot.
Join the live Oscars debate going on right now in our world-famous forums
3. She plays the “damsel in distress.”
I remember reading about this phenomenon several decades ago, when I was just a budding Oscarologist. A magazine article pointed out that when a film heroine suffered or was victimized in some way, the actress portraying her would often win the Academy Award. I did some research and found a surprising number of examples of this. In the 1940’s, it was Joan Fontaine in “Suspicion,” Ingrid Bergman in “Gaslight” and Jane Wyman in “Johnny Belinda.” The trend continued in the following decades with Vivien Leigh in “A Streetcar Named Desire,” Joanne Woodward in “The Three Faces of Eve,” Susan Hayward in “I Want to Live!,” Sophia Loren in “Two Women,” Elizabeth Taylor in “Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf?” and Jane Fonda in “Klute,” The lesson learned? If you’re an actress playing someone who is tortured and tormented, fearful or frightened, diseased or dying, anguished or angry – you’re a good bet to win an Academy Award. In fact, this seems to have aided of number of Best Actress champions from the past 30 years, including several who triumphed without playing real women: Jodie Foster in both “The Accused” and “The Silence of the Lambs,” Holly Hunter in “The Piano,” Jessica Lange in “Blue Sky,” Halle Berry in “Monster’s Ball,” Hilary Swank in “Million Dollar Baby,” Kate Winslet in “The Reader,” Portman in “Black Swan,” Cate Blanchett in “Blue Jasmine,” Julianne Moore in “Still Alice” and Brie Larson in “Room.” If the academy goes for the “damsel in distress” again this year – it’s going to be Portman. (Leaving the other four damsels in a state of distress.)
4. “Jackie” is likely to be nominated in other categories.
When discussing last year’s Best Supporting Actor race with Gold Derby Editor Tom O’Neil, I explained that I was not predicting Sylvester Stallone to win for “Creed,” largely because it’s extremely difficult to take an acting award on a film’s single nomination. (Stallone’s fellow BSA nominees, including eventual winner Mark Rylance, all appeared in Best Picture contenders with multiple bids.) It’s not yet clear if “Jackie” will make the cut for Best Picture or even Best Original Screenplay. Its failure to make the shortlist for Makeup and Hairstyling is both surprising and worrisome. Still, “Jackie” may well show up in several other categories, like Costume Design, Production Design, Cinematography, Film Editing and Score. Even if “La La Land” leads with the nominations, “Jackie” may not be too far behind. This might make it impossible for even a “La La” sweep to carry Stone to Oscar land.
5. It doesn’t matter that she won six years ago.
As noted above,. Portman is a recent Oscar winner for Best Actress, for her extremely showy role in 2010’s “Black Swan.” Many, including myself, were (or still are) reluctant to pick her this year – suspecting that the academy might want to spread the wealth around. But is this really a factor? In recent times, Tom Hanks (“Philadelphia” and “Forrest Gump,”) Kevin Spacey (“The Usual Suspects” and “American Beauty,”) Swank (“Boys Don’t Cry” and “Million Dollar Baby,”) Penn (“Mystic River” and “Milk,”) Day-Lewis (“There Will Be Blood” and “Lincoln”) and Christoph Waltz (“Inglourious Basterds” and “Django Unchained”) all won two acting trophies in five years or less. The lesson learned? Oscar voters select whomever they truly believe is best, regardless of whether they’ve previously been honored. So Portman’s Academy Award for “Black Swan” doesn’t mean that she’s suddenly the derby duckling. Stone may have danced (and dazzled) in “La La Land,” but watch for a pregnant Portman to prance away with the prize come Oscar’s big night.
Predict the Oscar nominations now; change them till January 24
|
|||||
9206
|
dbpedia
|
3
| 41
|
https://library.royalmintmuseum.org.uk/view/1795335-royal-mint-annual-report-1906-volume-no37-image-52%3Fq%3Dgreat%2Bseal
|
en
|
Royal Mint Annual Report 1906 Volume No.37
|
https://library.royalmintmuseum.org.uk/img/f30174e6d00636e427b499d5d4b316a653d9a8c9f46cf2de34b065e23dfa2913/80578921f739215ed3aae793cfca6f231786b08cf8d46515f6a0c24d8f161ade
|
https://library.royalmintmuseum.org.uk/img/f30174e6d00636e427b499d5d4b316a653d9a8c9f46cf2de34b065e23dfa2913/80578921f739215ed3aae793cfca6f231786b08cf8d46515f6a0c24d8f161ade
|
[
"https://pastview-assets.s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/org/82/site/img/logo_wide.png?339080462",
"https://pastview-assets.s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/global/img/slick/ajax-loader.gif?339080462"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null |
…
|
en
|
The Royal Mint Museum
|
https://library.royalmintmuseum.org.uk/archive/royal-mint-annual-reports/royal-mint-annual-report-1906-volume-no37/1795335-royal-mint-annual-report-1906-volume-no37-image-52
|
The metadata has moved.
You can now access the metadata by clicking the button below the book.
The metadata has moved.
You can now access the metadata by clicking the button below the book.
|
|||
9206
|
dbpedia
|
3
| 57
|
https://bisimedia.medium.com/how-these-men-effectively-conquered-nigeria-for-the-british-51cac56bc435
|
en
|
How These Men Effectively Conquered Nigeria For The British
|
[
"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:64:64/1*dmbNkD5D-u45r44go_cf0g.png",
"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:88:88/1*tjdGb3VzF5Hbh9JUi0AldA@2x.png",
"https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:144:144/1*tjdGb3VzF5Hbh9JUi0AldA@2x.png"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Bisi Media",
"bisimedia.medium.com"
] |
2021-10-11T14:30:52.130000+00:00
|
The year is 1851. John Beecroft, the British Consul for the Bights of Benin and Biafra, holds a meeting with some British missionaries in Abeokuta, southwestern Nigeria. By the end of the meeting…
|
en
|
https://miro.medium.com/v2/5d8de952517e8160e40ef9841c781cdc14a5db313057fa3c3de41c6f5b494b19
|
Medium
|
https://bisimedia.medium.com/how-these-men-effectively-conquered-nigeria-for-the-british-51cac56bc435
|
The British colonization of Nigeria tells a fascinating story of the Power of the Maxim gun.
The year is 1851. John Beecroft, the British Consul for the Bights of Benin and Biafra, holds a meeting with some British missionaries in Abeokuta, southwestern Nigeria.
By the end of the meeting, Beecroft is convinced to use his military powers to unseat Oba Kosoko, the reigning King of Lagos, in favor of his rival, Akitoye of Egba.
Kosoko had been hostile towards the missionaries and the British trading activities in Lagos and had made no serious efforts to end the ongoing slave trade in the region.
Beecroft hoped that replacing Kosoko with Akitoye would bring an end to the slave trade and stabilize the region for the spread of legitimate commerce.
In December 1851, John Beecroft ordered the bombardment of Lagos, forcing Kosoko to flee and never return. Akitoye becomes the new Oba and signs a treaty banning all slave-trading activities in Lagos.
But over the next 10 years, Akitoye and his successors were unable to bring the stability the British had hoped for. In 1861, Lagos was annexed as a British colony under the direct political control of a British governor.
The colonization of Nigeria had officially begun.
From the annexation of Lagos to the occupation of Sokoto, the entire process of colonization took over forty years. And since Nigeria was made up of different regions, it also meant that different tactics were attempted to gain control of these regions.
However, the most effective tool for British colonial expansion was its willingness to use its superior military might to subdue any opposition offered by the indigenous people.
How it Started
In the early nineteenth century, the country we now know today as Nigeria was made up of several regions around two predominant rivers. The river Niger from the west, and the river Benue from the east.
In the north of the rivers lies the Sokoto caliphate, founded by Usman Dan Fodio, who had previously led a brutal war that saw the unification of all the Hausa states into one Islamic empire.
The once-great but now crumbling Oyo empire and various other Yoruba states lie in the west.
In the east were various decentralized tribes, the predominant of which were the Igbos.
And in the south and middle regions were various distinct tribes and kingdoms that were largely autonomous.
BRITISH INFLUENCE
Around the middle of the nineteenth century, British agents started coming into Nigeria in three forms: Christian missionaries, traders, and political officials, all with the primary aim of increasing British influence in the region.
CHRISTIAN MISSIONARIES
Although Christianity had been introduced to the region by the Portuguese as early as the 10th century, it did not play a major role in local politics until the 1840s.
In 1842, a group from the church missionary society in Britain landed in Badagry, Lagos, and spread to Abeokuta in 1846, and by 1890 they had established themselves as far north as Ilorin.
A similar situation occurred around the south and southeast, with the roman catholic organization becoming quite successful.
But Christianity did not spread significantly in the Islamic territories of the Sokoto Caliphate.
Christianity spread in the south because the indigenous people saw it as a spiritual advantage over their local rivals.
In addition, the missionaries established schools focused on teaching English to the locals and also encouraged Christianized Africans who knew the local languages to go into communities and preach the gospel to their countrymen.
One of such men and perhaps the most famous of them all was Samuel Ajayi Crowther — a former slave captured during the Yoruba wars that accompanied the fall of the Oyo empire.
Crowther became a major force for the spread of Christianity, becoming the first indigenous African bishop of the Anglican church in 1862.
While the rulers of the region sought the Europeans as political allies, the missionaries were more concerned about spreading their religion and ending slavery.
They believed that the cultures of the indigenous people were far inferior to theirs and therefore needed a complete overhaul.
This was the primary motivating factor for the annexation of Lagos in 1861.
From Lagos, the British made their way inland, slowly bringing Yorubaland under British rule.
In 1886, the British ended the terrible Ekiti-Parapo war, which had been ongoing for 15 years.
All sides were weary of fighting this war and welcomed the British as Peacemakers.
The British ended the war, but in return, they issued treaties declaring that all signatories direct future disputes with each other to the British governor in Lagos for resolution.
But this was not met without resistance.
The King of Ijebuland, suspicious of the motives of the British, outlawed them entirely for most of the nineteenth century.
But when he refused to discuss trade terms with the governor of Lagos, the British used this as an excuse to forcibly occupy the territory.
British troops subdued the entire Ijebuland in four days, sending a message to the rest of Yorubaland that a new supreme power in the region had arrived.
The people of the reconstituted Oyo also offered significant resistance to the British, but they soon met the similar fate of Ijebu. On November 12th, 1894, the town of New Oyo was bombarded and brought forcibly under British colonial rule.
BRITISH TRADERS
In the south, the Niger-Delta area and Calabar had been an important region for the sale of slaves. But as a result of the decline of the slave trade around the 1850s, the trade-in palm products became the most important source of wealth in the region, as it offered fewer barriers to entry.
Tensions were so high between the British traders and the coastal middlemen in the region because of the business model of the palm oil trade, known as the trust system.
Under the trust system, British firms on the coast would pay a certain amount to the coastal middlemen to procure a specified amount of palm oil.
The middlemen would use part of the money to purchase palm oil from hinterland dealers and bring the palm oil back to the British firms in completion of the bargain.
But there were only a select few middlemen doing this. Thus, giving them a huge monopoly in the market and making them lots of profits in the process.
Seeing the problems with the trust system, the British traders wanted to bypass the middlemen and trade directly with the hinterland dealers.
But two things held them back.
First, Malaria had threatened to cut short the life of any European who ventured beyond the coast.
And secondly, they had no idea how to get from the coast to their hinterland suppliers.
But with the emergence of some British explorers, things were soon to be changed.
Originally coming to the Niger from the west, British explorer Mungo Park, who journeyed from Timbuktu to the Niger in 1805, was the first European to discover that the river Niger flowed to the east.
Killed at the rapids of Bussa, Park was unable to follow the river to its termination. But in the 1820s, another explorer by the name of Hugh Clapperton revealed that the Niger flowed through Hausaland.
After Clapperton’s death, his Servant Richard Lander and his brother John followed the Niger to its confluence with the Benue.
The discovery of the extent of the river Niger led to the spread of missionary activities and trading influence into the interior.
In 1854, Dr. William Balfour Baike led a successful expedition to the interior of the Niger delta.
His expedition made use of Quinine as a preventive measure against malaria and proved that the Europeans could survive in the interior.
And now that the British firms could bypass the coastal middlemen, the local economies of big trading port cities, as well as other established British firms that relied on the trust system, felt threatened.
This led directly to calls on the part of both British traders and the coastal middlemen for the British government to aid them in restoring equilibrium to the system, which in turn laid the foundation for British colonization of the region.
Both local traders and British firms looked to the British consul to settle disputes and negotiate balances to the trust system. Indigenous political leaders also sought the friendship of the consul, preferring to cede authority to the British rather than their local competitors.
Through the position of a mediator, the Consul achieved a status of great power. When disputes over kingships or chieftaincies arose, the favorites of the Consul usually ended up winning out.
The growing power of Beecroft, the Consul for the Bights of Benin and Biafra, can be seen in the case of Calabar.
The Kings of Calabar’s two most powerful towns, Eyo Honesty II of Creek Town and Eyamba V of Duke Town, both welcomed missionaries in 1846, believing that this would lead to stronger relationships with the British Consul.
But the missionaries expressed concern over the lingering ritual practice of human sacrifice, especially that of slaves, and the killing of twins. And pressured Beecroft to intervene and put an end to the practice.
In 1850, Beecroft negotiated a treaty with Eyo and Archibong I (who succeeded Eyamba in 1849), banning human sacrifices and the killing of twins.
But when Old Town, a weaker neighbor of Creek and Duke Town, sacrificed several slaves in 1855, Beecroft completely demolished the town and forced its king to sign a similar treaty as a precondition for rebuilding.
In 1853, Beecroft deposed King Pepple of Bonny, who had been a thorn in the side of the British trading interests for over twenty years. Pepple consistently refused to give up his control of interior markets.
He then forced Dappo, Pepple’s successor, to sign a treaty that made his court the supreme judicial authority in Bonny, preventing the king from engaging in trade and waging war without the approval of the British supercargoes.
Thus, the once-great kingdom of Bonny ceased to be the most prominent state in the delta.
Another would take its place.
The Kingdom of Opobo, led by king JaJa, the most powerful ruler in the Bights of Biafra at that time, became a bustling town for trade and commerce in the delta.
JaJa’s ability to control the hinterland markets from Opobo angered the European traders.
But soon, even the mighty King JaJa would succumb to the ever-growing pressures of the British supercargos.
In 1885, Jaja was forced to sign a treaty that placed the Oil River Protectorate in the hands of the United Kingdom.
But he later violated the terms of the treaty and continued to deny the British access to his hinterland markets.
For this, he was deposed and exiled to the West Indies as a warning to other local rulers of the consequences of insubordination. He would die shortly after.
A similar fate met Nana, the Itsekiri governor, who was deposed and deported in 1894 after refusing British access to the Urhobo markets of his hinterland.
But after all these, the British were just getting started.
THE ROYAL NIGER COMPANY
Rather than proclaim protectorate status over the Niger and Benue, the British took a different approach granting a royal charter in 1886 to a formidable British company called “The Royal Niger company,” established by this man: Sir George Goldie.
The charter gave the company the power to control the politics and trade of any local territories it could gain legal treaties, provided that the company did not interfere in local religions or customs, except in cases discouraging the practice of slavery.
Under the terms of the charter, the Royal Niger Company came to control the trade on the Niger, saving the British government the financial burden of direct colonial occupation.
Goldie’s primary objective was to monopolize the entire trade of the navigable rivers of the Nigerian interior.
Although the royal charter he received technically obliged him to promote free trade, it also gave him the power to organize trade in a way that would exclude all possible rivals.
In 1879, Goldie drew together the three largest British firms operating in the Niger to create the National African Company, which later became the Royal Niger Company (or RNC) in 1886.
He also bought out three French competitors in 1884 and used the power of the charter to exclude all competition, establishing high tariffs on imports and exports.
Such policies made the Royal Niger Company extremely unpopular among the other British supercargoes, who now recognized that Goldie had succeeded in simply replacing the monopoly of the coastal middlemen with that of his own company.
But by the end of the nineteenth century, three events would lead to the downfall of the RNC and convince the British government that direct colonial administration would be the only effective means of governing the Niger Territories.
First, by 1895, the Conservative Party had taken control of parliament and Joseph Chamberlain, a zealous imperialist, became the colonial secretary under Lord Salisbury’s new administration.
Chamberlain was not in support of the government having chartered companies. He preferred the progressive possibilities of a full-scale colonial rule through his office.
Second, the Royal Niger Company was proving how ineffective it was at promoting peace, stability in the region.
The catastrophe that illustrated this occurred among the people of Brass (a people located in the mangrove swamps of the Niger delta).
The mangrove swamp in which they lived was an inhospitable environment for agriculture, and so, they always exported items like salt and fish in exchange for foodstuffs from the interior.
Their primary channel for trading had always been the Niger, but with the emergence of the RCN, it was no longer legal for the Brass to conduct trade on the Niger.
They were required to pay all licensing fees on import and export, which they could not afford. So they made attempts to find alternative trade routes, but none were particularly successful. As a result, they eventually began to starve.
On the 29th of December 1894, the people of Brass, under the leadership of King Koko, revolted against the RNC.
They attacked the RNC headquarters at Akassa, carrying off much of the company’s properties and destroying its warehouses and machinery.
They even kidnapped several company employees, whom they later ritualistically ate as part of a spiritual ceremony to combat the smallpox epidemic that was also terrorizing their community.
Goldie demanded revenge and asked Claude Macdonald, the Consul general at Brass, to bring his subjects under the gun.
Macdonald ordered the town of Nembe in Brass to be bombarded, but the job was done half-heartedly, and the people of Brass were never fully brought under submission.
The final nail in the RNC’s coffin was the fallout between Chamberlain and Goldie over the protection of the northwestern frontier of the company from the French.
Despite the company’s extensive presence in the Niger, the French had not given up their quest to expand their political influence and develop trading networks on the river.
In 1897, they occupied Bussa, a region close to the RNC treaty zone but not technically within it.
From this position, they could build up the military strength necessary to challenge the RNC’s control over the Niger region.
Chamberlain wanted Goldie to use the company’s forces to secure the territory and drive the French out, but Goldie was reluctant to do this.
He wanted Chamberlain to do something to bring the Brass situation under control before he would undertake another expensive military operation.
But Chamberlain had no intention of meeting Goldie’s demands. Instead, he revoked the company’s charter in 1899 and created the West African Frontier Force under Frederick Lugard, Goldie’s former employee.
An accomplished colonial officer who had been instrumental in bringing the East African territory of Uganda under British rule, Lugard was charged with mounting a campaign for the Colonial Office, independent of the Royal Niger company, to push the French back from the Niger.
His forces succeeded in pushing the French from Borgu, leaving the Niger as firmly as ever in the hands of the British.
On the 1st of January 1900, the Royal Niger Company ceased to be the governing authority of the Niger and Benue. Its southern territories were amalgamated into a new Protectorate called the Niger Coast Protectorate.
The company’s northern territories became the Protectorate of Northern Nigeria, with Lugard as the first high commissioner.
THE COLLAPSE OF THE SOKOTO CALIPHATE
With the Niger secured, the British turned its attention towards the Emirates of the Sokoto Caliphate.
Two reasons made the Sokoto Caliphate a more desirable region for British colonial expansion.
The first was that the territories of Bida, Ilorin, and Yola, which were under the British, were also under the influence of the Caliph. The British feared a revolt from the people.
Second, the Sokoto Caliphate offered yet another avenue for the French to take over the Niger.
The formidable British colonial officer, Frederick Lugard, fully convinced that the only effective way of securing the Niger coast protectorate was the military conquest of Sokoto, deposed the Emirs of Bida and Kontagora, and replaced them with people whose primary qualification to rule was the willingness to submit to his authority.
From these places, Lugard’s forces moved North into Bauchi and Gombe, and by 1902, they conquered Zaria.
The British forces now faced their greatest challenge in Kano and Sokoto.
Lugard’s forces occupied Kano after a few minor resistance on the 3rd of February, 1903, but fighting outside the city continued for several weeks afterward.
By early March, Kano fell.
Caliph Attahiru put up a stiff fight in Sokoto, but eventually, he was forced to flee.
Not content to allow the head of such a vast empire to reconstitute himself elsewhere, Lugard’s forces pursued Attahiru, killing him finally on the 27th of July 1903, some 200 miles southeast of Kano, marking the end of Usman Dan Fodio’s mighty caliphate.
The caliphate’s territories were incorporated into the Protectorate of Northern Nigeria under Emirs willing to accept British colonial rule. In 1904, Borno, which had always retained its independence from Sokoto, was occupied by British forces and added into the protectorate.
INDIGENOUS RESISTANCE
Though the conquest of Sokoto was the final act in setting the boundaries of Northern and Southern Nigeria, many parts of the Protectorate continued to put up fierce resistance to British rule.
But over the first decade of the twentieth century, these pockets of resistance were crushed by the British.
In 1901, British forces moved into the heart of Igboland and conquered the Aro. They believed that the Aro were the overlords of the entire Igboland, but they soon realized that they were wrong.
The Aro community was a spiritual power in Igboland, but political powers were decentralized to a large extent.
Over the next decades, the British soon found themselves conquering the interiors of Igboland, village by village.
In the Southwestern part of Igboland, a communal defense movement known as the Ekumeku caused trouble for British forces periodically from the 1880s until its final defeat in 1909.
Ekumeku was a decentralized militant group comprising soldiers from various communities in Western Igboland.
They fought against the Royal Niger Company in 1898 but later dispersed, only to rise again in 1900 to defend Asaba and its hinterland against the new government of the protectorate.
Defeated in 1902, Ekumeku rose again in 1904 and again in 1909, when the movement was finally annihilated by an overwhelming British force.
CONCLUSION
By the end of the nineteenth century and into the twentieth, the British extended their colonial grasp over Nigeria more as a result of a superior military might and the willingness to use violence to achieve its ends.
However, the lives of the people of the Nigerian region will forever change, particularly in the latter half of the twentieth century.
|
||||
9206
|
dbpedia
|
2
| 21
|
https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/article/war-and-colonial-finance-africa/
|
en
|
War and Colonial Finance (Africa)
|
[
"https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/wp-content/themes/encyclopedia19141918/assets/img/1418-logo.png",
"https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/eo/Maria_Theresa_thaler_IMG.png",
"https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/wp-content/themes/encyclopedia19141918/assets/img/worldcat-color-60px.png",
"https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/wp-content/themes/encyclopedia19141918/assets/img/worldcat-color-60px.png",
"https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/wp-content/themes/encyclopedia19141918/assets/img/worldcat-color-60px.png",
"https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/wp-content/themes/encyclopedia19141918/apps/templates/article/../../../assets/img/1914-1918%20online_Logo_RGB_lang.png",
"https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/wp-content/themes/encyclopedia19141918/assets/oes/images/partners/fu-logo-240606-RGB-p.png",
"https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/wp-content/themes/encyclopedia19141918/assets/oes/images/partners/bsb_logo_claim_gr_72dpi.jpg",
"https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/wp-content/themes/encyclopedia19141918/assets/oes/images/partners/dfg_logo_blau-crop.gif"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] |
2024-07-02T21:38:04+00:00
|
This article provides a brief overview of the financial contribution of the African colonies to the First World War. It considers the problems faced by the colonial state in raising revenues during the war owing to a dramatic decrease in import and export trade. It shows how the war conditions led to increased impositions on the African populations, especially in the form of higher taxation and the introduction of various restrictive trading regulations. Finally, it looks at the problems in currency supply and circulation caused by the war.
|
en
|
/wp-content/themes/encyclopedia19141918/assets/img/favicon.ico
|
1914-1918-Online (WW1) Encyclopedia
|
https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/article/war-and-colonial-finance-africa/
|
By Karin Pallaver
This article provides a brief overview of the financial contribution of the African colonies to the First World War. It considers the problems faced by the colonial state in raising revenues during the war owing to a dramatic decrease in import and export trade. It shows how the war conditions led to increased impositions on the African populations, especially in the form of higher taxation and the introduction of various restrictive trading regulations. Finally, it looks at the problems in currency supply and circulation caused by the war.
Introduction
As Hew Strachan noted in his Financing the First World War, historians have generally neglected war finance, probably because its administration was not apparently decisive to the outcome of the war. However, the European powers’ capacity to obtain money to finance the war effort was one of the key elements of the war. Colonies in Africa and elsewhere were an important source of funding and were used by colonial powers to raise funds, both to contribute to the war in Europe and to finance the campaigns in Africa.
There is no comprehensive analysis on the financial contribution of the African colonies to the war effort. The subject is treated only incidentally by the works that deal with specific African colonies during First World War. As in the case of the war economies, the lack of a thematic approach, in favor of a more country- or regional- based treatment of the First World War in Africa, has produced a patchy, even if in some cases very detailed, picture of the financial situation of the colonies. The war had important consequences on colonial balances. The limits put on commerce and shipping by the outbreak of hostilities reduced imports and exports and, as a consequence, colonial state revenues. This caused a significant decrease in development expenditure. All over Africa, direct taxation and trade tariffs were increased. Another direct consequence of the war was the reduced supply of money to the African colonies, owing to shipping problems and the lack of metals to produce the coins.
This article is an attempt to connect the available evidence and to identify both some general trends in the ways in which the colonies contributed financially to the European war effort, and the consequences of the war on African colonial finances. In order to provide a general overview, this article will analyse the direct contribution of the colonies through an examination of their financial balances, the issues of taxation and revenues, and finally currency policies.
African Colonies and the Cost of the War
African colonies made an important financial contribution to the European war. To start with, the colonies bore a large part of the burden of the cost of the African campaigns. In West Africa, the costs for the Togoland and Cameroons campaigns were born by the local treasuries. The Gold Coast paid the total cost of the occupation of Togoland (60,000£), but also contributed to the increased costs of the forces in the Cameroons and East Africa. When the war ended in West Africa with the conquest of Cameroon in 1916, West African porters were moved to the campaign in East Africa. Although the imperial exchequer took over responsibility for the payment of the Nigerian carriers sent to East Africa, the Nigerian Carrier corps cost the territory over 46,000£ between December 1916 and December 1918.
African colonies contributed to the war effort both directly from colonial budgets, and through individual subscriptions and private collections of funds. The Gold Coast contributed 500,000£ in gifts and loans from revenue. Private contributions and miscellaneous war funds amounted to 100,000£. Madagascar contributed 2,000,000 francs for the fabrication of large calibre artillery, and 100,000 francs were raised for the liberated regions of France. There were also individual contributions by French settlers and colonial officers, through which Madagascar collected 5,248,000 francs (i.e. 1.50 francs for every inhabitant of the colony). In French West Africa, debt subscriptions for a total of 31.2 million francs were obtained between 1914 and 1920. And the individual participation in the Ouvres et Journées (special events held to raise funds for specific war-related purposes) allowed the collection of 3.8 million francs. This was presented by the administration as a demonstration of the patriotism “from the far reaches of Chad to the ports of Senegal,” but, according to Marc Michel, this was really only a demonstration of the incapacity of colonized subjects to pay taxes. Stories about the patriotic spirit of Africans abound in the colonial literature. For instance Hubert Garbit (1869-1933), governor general of Madagascar, tells the story of a village on the island colony where the inhabitants had raised a standing stone in honor to the first Malagasy killed on the battlefield. On that occasion, 100,000 francs were collected for the colonial ambulances and a further 20,000 for the French Red Cross.
The outbreak of hostilities disrupted pre-war shipping and trade patterns, dramatically reducing the most important source of revenues for the colonial states: import and export duties and custom tariffs. Many governments, therefore, decided to increase, wherever possible, shipping freights as well as import and export duties. In Nigeria, for example, custom duties were dramatically reduced when the ban on commerce with the enemy interrupted the trade in spirits that had dominated West African-German relations in the pre-war period. In order to increase revenues, Frederick Lugard (1858-1945), Governor of Nigeria, raised custom duties on tobacco and some foodstuffs, such as rice, with the aim of taxing people from the south who had benefited before the war from the rise in the price of palm kernels. Furthermore, the colonial state obtained revenues from a new export duty on three staples and from a 25 percent surtax on all imports. Since 1917, this produced an increase in the government revenues, also thanks to a surtax of 30 percent on railway freights.
The war also meant a shortage of credit, because local banks refused to grant loans to companies that, owing to the shipping limits and war situation, were very likely going to be unable to repay them. In West Africa, the Bank of British West Africa, which enjoyed a monopoly in the banking business in all the West African British colonies, refused to make loans, leading to a shortage of silver coins, only obtainable from the bank. This disrupted the local economy since merchants were no longer able to buy local products. In Nigeria, the refusal of the Bank of British West Africa to grant loans to local companies led the colonial state to make loans to the mining companies in order to avoid production stoppages. Despite the general economic and financial crisis, there is also evidence of an increase in personal deposits in local banks. This was especially the case of the colonies where porters and soldiers could save and deposit their wages. In Malawi, for instance, deposits in the Post Office Savings Banks continued to increase during the war, probably owing to the savings of soldiers and carriers who were accumulating money to pay for bridewealth after the war.
Another point that must be taken into consideration is the importance of South African gold for the war. Even if during hostilities the gold standard was abandoned, the war created more interest in the precious metal and European powers took special measures to protect their gold reserves. For Great Britain, in particular, South African gold was of great importance, since it represented two thirds of the entire Empire’s output. Before the war, the South African economy revolved around the gold mining industry: gold was sent to London weekly and from there it was sold on the open market. With the beginning of hostilities, this became impossible because of the fear that the enemy could capture the gold and also because of the dramatic increase in freight and insurance charges.
It became essential, therefore, for Great Britain to prevent enemy access to South African gold. With the so-called August Agreement, signed on 14 August 1914 between the Bank of England and South African mining companies, the British government stated that it was ready to buy all South African gold at the official rate of £13 17s 9d per standard ounce. If South African mining companies agreed to sell gold only to the bank they obtained an advance of 97 percent of the value of gold when it arrived in London. In principle, the agreement was accepted voluntarily, but in practice, if South African companies tried to sell gold to other countries, the bank intervened to prevent it. The agreement was maintained until almost eight months after the armistice had been signed. No doubt, it was detrimental to South African gold producers, because despite the increase of the gold price during the war, the mining companies had to sell gold at the price fixed in the agreement. The agreement was an integral part of Great Britain’s war strategy and during the war the extent to which Great Britain had become dependent on South African gold to sustain both sterling and the London gold market was starkly revealed.
One of the most important consequences of the war on Africans was a revision of the fiscal policy in the colonies. In order to face the reduction in revenues from trade, colonial governments introduced new taxes or increased those already at place.
From Trade Tariffs to Direct Taxation: Africans Paying for the European War
In many colonies, the war conditions led to an increased burden of impositions on the African populations, especially in the form of higher taxation and the introduction of various restrictive trading regulations. Before the war, colonial balances were largely based on trade revenues and custom duties. The reduction of import and export trade, as well as of shipping space, caused a contraction in trade that dramatically curtailed the main source of revenue for the colonial state. As a consequence, and with the exception of those colonies where military exigencies necessitated them, public works came to a halt and development plans were shelved until after the war. In order to compensate for the reduction in trade revenues, colonial governments both increased import duties and shipping freights and raised or introduced direct taxation.
The Kenya administration, for example, faced major deficits both in 1914-15 and in 1917-18, determined by a fiscal crisis during the war: as in other parts of the continent, revenues from custom duties dropped as shipping shortages severely curtailed non-essential imports as well as exports. And after 1916 the protectorate had to contribute to the cost of the East Africa campaign. As a result, the government turned to increased taxation of Africans. Taxes were increased from three to five rupees in 1915. In this way, revenues in some districts could be increased by up to 60 percent. The new tax only applied to some districts of the protectorate, and pastoralist groups, like the Maasai, were not involved. In Northern Nigeria, direct taxation was increased and in Yorubaland taxes were introduced for the first time in 1916, causing strong opposition from the local populations. In the southern part of the colony, additional revenues were obtained from court fees. In South Africa, the need to obtain funds for the war led to the introduction of a new income tax and to an increase in indirect taxation, causing strikes during the last two years of the war that continued into the post-war years.
In the Gold Coast, the decrease of imports caused by the outbreak of hostilities led to a reduction of the income from custom duties that had been the main source of revenue for the colonial government. This affected, among other things, railway development, considered by the Governor Sir Hugh Clifford (1866-1941) as the key for the development of the colony. To continue railway construction, in May 1915 Clifford raised railway rates. In this way, work could be resumed on the northern line, also thanks to an increase in the duty on imports from 10 to 12 percent. In September 1916, further funds for public works were obtained from a new export tax on cocoa.
In French West Africa, custom duties had provided at least two thirds of the total budget before the war. The money so obtained had been partly used to fund public works in the territories, but after the outbreak of the war these had to be dramatically reduced. In order to address the lack of revenues, the Governor General of French West Africa, Joost van Vollenhoven (1877-1918), reformed fiscal policy in 1917. This produced a general increase of fiscal revenues from 20 to 50 percent, mainly in Guinea and Dahomey and partly also in Senegal and Niger.
In general terms, the increase in indirect and direct taxation during the war period led to a general increase of the control of the colonial state over its subjects, especially in some areas such as the Kenya reserves. The capacity of African subjects to pay taxes, and therefore the amount of revenues that the colonial state could collect, was also related to the availability of coins with which to pay taxes. However, the supply of currency was made problematic during the war by shipping problems and by the need for metals to produce munitions instead of coins.
Currency Policies during the War
With reference to the Gold Coast, Elizabeth Wrangham points out that nothing better illustrates the colonial relationship during the war than “the differing attitudes and responses to the currency problem.” The outbreak of hostilities caused shortages in the circulation of currency all over the continent. There were two main reasons. On one hand, the reduction in trade caused a general decrease in the circulation of money: imports were scarce and more expensive and African traders and peasants could not sell their produce. On the other hand, the war caused a dramatic reduction in the number of coins that could be produced by European mints. The British Royal Mint was employed in the production of munitions and nickel and bronze, generally employed to produce small-denomination coins, were now needed to produce arms.
The reduced availability of money caused both problems in trade and in the payment of labor. Various problems arose, owing to the kind of production that each colony could bring to the market during the war years. The demand for currency was clearly connected to trade patterns and to the seasonality of the agricultural production; as a consequence, the disruption of commerce during the war also created dramatic fluctuations in the demand for coins. In the Gold Coast, for example, at the beginning of the war there was a slack in the cocoa trade that produced a surplus of coins. The West Africa Currency Board was required to send these back to London, where they were converted into English silver. A total of 530,000£ were repatriated between August and November 1914. But then cocoa prices quickly recovered and in December 1914 there was a new demand for coins that could not be easily satisfied because of the outbreak of hostilities. In 1915-16 all the colonies in West Africa faced a serious shortage of coins, made worse by the combination of a large crop of Nigerian groundnuts coming on the market at the same time as Gold Coast’s cocoa. In 1915 the serious lack of coins in the Gold Coast risked leaving half of the cocoa crop unsold on the market.
Despite the well-known general distrust of people towards paper money, to solve the situation in 1915 paper notes were sent to West Africa. Currency notes were regarded with suspicion by laborers and many refused to work for them. Those workers and soldiers who were paid in notes, frequently exchanged them for coins with money dealers at a loss. They were accepted almost only in those areas involved in the export trade but generally refused elsewhere. Owing to the lack of metals, and since the Royal Mint was employed in producing munitions, beginning in 1917 no coins could be sent to West African colonies. In the German Cameroon, Governor Karl Ebermaier (1862-1943) paid the white staff in bank drafts, whereas askaris were paid in silver. Circulation was partially maintained by taxing the askaris in silver coins whose supply was however seriously limited. French West Africa had to face the same problems in the supply of money. Coins were moved from colony to colony to face temporary shortages and paper notes had to be introduced to replace small-denomination currencies. In Kenya, the government needed money to pay the porters and soldiers employed in the East African campaign. However, no coins could reach East Africa because of the war. To face the problem of the lack of currency circulation, one-rupee notes were issued to pay the military staff and were demonetized shortly after the war.
To solve the monetary problems in the colonies, some colonial governments attempted the introduction of new currencies. This was the case, for instance, of the Italian government in Eritrea. Here, the Maria Theresa thaler had been used as the currency of commerce in the trade relationships along the East African coast and the Red Sea since at least the 1760s. The outbreak of the war interrupted the supply of thalers from Vienna. Therefore, the Italians coined a new thaler that replicated the Austrian one. To gain the confidence of the local traders, the new thalers had similar size, design, weight and finesse, as well as the Empress Maria Theresa effigy.
In German East Africa, the supply of coins was completely stopped after the British blockade began in 1914. This reduced revenues as well as cash in circulation. As a way to call in cash, the Deutsch-Ostafrikanische Bank increased its rate of interest from 4 to 5 percent. The outflow was sustained by the payment of salaries to government staff monthly rather than quarterly. Nonetheless, by mid-1915 there was no cash in circulation. This caused serious problems for the military campaign because porters and soldiers could not be paid and food for the army could not be bought. To compensate the lack of silver rupees, the government printed rupee notes but they could not be easily circulated because of the general distrust towards paper money. This was made more acute by the British intelligence which forged several million twenty-rupee notes, in this way contributing to the discrediting of German paper currency. To solve the problem of money scarcity, the government started a self-sufficient production of coins, as it had done with the production of other previously-imported items, such as quinine, candles, soap, etc.: brass coins were successfully minted from used Mauser cartridges. In Tabora, which replaced Dar es Salaam during the war as the capital city of the colony, the government struck 16,000 fifteen-rupees gold coins, known as Tabora sovereigns.
In many parts of Africa, the process of colonial monetization was still largely incomplete and there were many areas in the continent not yet reached by colonial coins and notes. No doubt, the problems in currency circulation caused by the war contributed to an increase in the distrust towards colonial money, especially currency notes. At the same time, commodity currencies, still largely in circulation, could fill the void left by colonial money. According to Michel, in some areas of French West Africa there was a return to a “cowry economy.” This is confirmed also in some parts of British West Africa, such as in the Northern Territories of the Gold Coast, where cowries were used as currency during the war.
Conclusion
Africans paid a heavy price for maintaining the colonial governance of their countries in war-time. The war period showed that trade taxes were an unstable foundation on which to build colonial rule and led to the introduction of more widespread direct taxation. New export and import taxes, as well as trade restrictions such as the imposition of limited numbers of licences to ships, marked both a modification of the policy of laissez-faire that had dominated before the war and an increase in the control of the colonial state. The war also determined a revision of currency policies and a return, in some areas, to the use of commodity currencies. The war also meant an increase in the wealth of some sections of the population, such as carriers and soldiers, who could accumulate money from their wages that could be used to pay for bridewealth or livestock.
Karin Pallaver, University of Bologna
|
||||
9206
|
dbpedia
|
0
| 38
|
https://ncagta.com/history-of-nigeria/
|
en
|
History of Nigeria
|
[
"https://ncagta.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/logo-2.png",
"https://ncagta.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/logo-2.png",
"https://ncagta.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/logo-2.png",
"https://ncagta.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/logo-2.png",
"https://ncagta.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/iage.png",
"https://ncagta.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/image2.png",
"https://ncagta.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/image3.jpg",
"https://ncagta.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/image4.gif",
"https://ncagta.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/image5.jpg",
"https://ncagta.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/iage6.jpg",
"https://ncagta.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/image6.jpg",
"https://ncagta.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/image7.jpg",
"https://ncagta.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/image9.jpg",
"https://ncagta.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/mar.jpg",
"https://ncagta.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/alhaji.jpg",
"https://ncagta.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/awolowo.jpg",
"https://ncagta.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/alan.jpg",
"https://ncagta.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/color.png",
"https://ncagta.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/flag.png",
"https://ncagta.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/naira.jpg",
"https://ncagta.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/nara.jpg",
"https://ncagta.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/azikwe.jpg",
"https://ncagta.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/balewa.jpg",
"https://ncagta.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/bhm.png",
"https://ncagta.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/instagramfav.png",
"https://ncagta.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/twitterfav.png"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null |
The History of Nigeria Nigeria is located on the western coast of Africa. Before the colonial era, the peoples of Nigeria lived in hunting, fishing and farming societies. In the 15th century, the Portuguese were the first white people to arrive in Nigeria, before the arrival of the British. The people of Benin began…
|
en
|
Nigerian Canadian Association - A Non-Profitable Organization
|
https://ncagta.com/history-of-nigeria/
|
The History of Nigeria
Nigeria is located on the western coast of Africa. Before the colonial era, the peoples of Nigeria lived in hunting, fishing and farming societies. In the 15th century, the Portuguese were the first white people to arrive in Nigeria, before the arrival of the British. The people of Benin began to trade with the Portuguese, selling slaves, buying spices and firearms, and learning the art of writing and the Christian religion.
By the 18th century, the British had taken over control of the slave trade from the Portuguese. However, in 1807, the British missionaries’ campaign against slavery led the British parliament to ban the slave trade.
In 1884, Britain created the Oil Rivers Protectorate in the Niger Delta and claimed the region in 1885 after defeating King Jaja of Opobo.
Did you know that the Niger Delta was called the Oil Rivers because it was a major producer of palm oil?
In 1862, Lagos Island was declared a colony of Britain, and Mr. H.S Freeman became Governor of Lagos Colony.
In 1893, the Oil Rivers Protectorate was renamed Niger Coast Protectorate with Calabar as capital.
In 1890, the British reporter Flora Shaw suggested that the area be named “Nigeria” after the Niger River. [Flora Shaw later married Lord Frederick Lugard]
By 1900, Britain had control of Nigeria and had established the Southern Nigeria Protectorate and Northern Nigeria Protectorate.
In 1914, the Northern Nigeria Protectorate and Southern Nigeria Protectorate were amalgamated to form Nigeria, with Colonial Officer Frederick Lugard as Governor-General.
In 1944 – NCNC (National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons) founded by Herbert Macauley
In 1949, the Northern People’s Congress was founded by Alhaji Sir Ahmadu Bello
In 1951, the Action Group Party was established by Chief Obafemi Awolowo
Also in 1951, an agitation of the NCNC under Dr. Namdi Azikiwe caused Britain to grant internal self-rule to Nigeria.
In 1954, federalism was adopted in Nigeria and the position of Governor was created in the three regions (North, West and East.
1957-1958 Constitutional conferences in the UK
The preparation of a new federal constitution for an independent Nigeria was carried out at conferences held at Lancaster House in London and presided over by The Rt. Hon. Alan Lennox-Boyd, M.P., the British Secretary of State for the Colonies.
The Nigerian delegation to the Constitutional conferences was led by Alhaji Sir Abubakar Tafewa Balewa of the NPC. It included Chief Obafemi Awolowo of the Action Group, Dr. Azikiwe of the NCNC, and Alhaji Sir Ahmadu Bello of the NPC, also the premiers of the Western, Eastern, and Northern regions, respectively.
In 1958, Nigerian Armed Forces were transferred to Federal control.
Flag of the Nigerian Armed Forces
In 1959, the Nigerian Navy was born.
Also in 1959, a new Nigerian currency, the Pound, was Introduced.
1959 – First general elections in Nigeria.
The NPC and the NCNC formed a coalition, and Alhaji Sir Abubakar Tafewa Balewa was called on to lead the government, while Chief Obafemi Awolowo became official leader of the opposition.
1960 – Nigeria gained independence on 1st October.
1963 – Adoption of a new Nigerian constitution.
Nigeria remained a Commonwealth Realm with Queen Elizabeth II as titular head of state until the Nigerian nation was declared a republic in 1963.
Dr. Benjamin Nnamdi Azikiwe – Nigeria’s First President.
Alhaji Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa
|
|||||
9206
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 0
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_West_African_pound
|
en
|
British West African pound
|
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/West_Africa_Currency_Board_20s_1953.JPG/220px-West_Africa_Currency_Board_20s_1953.JPG",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Two_shilling_coin_from_British_West_Africa.jpg/220px-Two_shilling_coin_from_British_West_Africa.jpg",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Bwacoins.jpg/100px-Bwacoins.jpg",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Bills_and_coins.svg/32px-Bills_and_coins.svg.png",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/United_States_penny%2C_obverse%2C_2002.png/28px-United_States_penny%2C_obverse%2C_2002.png",
"https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/footer/poweredby_mediawiki.svg"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"
] |
2005-09-09T23:03:31+00:00
|
en
|
/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_West_African_pound
|
Historical currency
The pound was the currency of British West Africa, a group of British colonies, protectorates and mandate territories. It was equal to one pound sterling and was similarly subdivided into 20 shillings, each of 12 pence.[1]
History
[edit]
In the 19th century, the pound sterling became the currency of the British West African territories, and standard issue British coinage circulated. The West African territories in question were Nigeria, the Gold Coast (now Ghana), Sierra Leone and the Gambia.[2]
In 1912,[3] the authorities in London set up the West African Currency Board and issued a distinctive set of sterling coinage for use in British West Africa. The circumstance prompting this move was a tendency for standard sterling coins shipped to the West African territories to leave the region and return to circulation in the UK, causing a local dearth of coinage. A unique British West African variety of sterling coinage would not be accepted in the shops of Britain and so would remain in circulation locally.
There was a precedent for this move: in 1910, Australia had already commenced issuing its own distinctive varieties of sterling coinage, but the reasons for doing so were quite different from those relating to British West Africa. Australian authorities issued local coinage as a step towards introducing a separate currency with a flexible exchange rate against sterling, while no such plan was considered for British West Africa. With the exception of Jamaica where special low denomination coins were issued in place of the British copper coins, due to local superstitions surrounding the use of copper coinage for church collections, authorities in London did not replace any sterling coins with local issues for any other British colony. [citation needed]
The British West African pound was also adopted by Liberia in 1907, replacing the Liberian dollar, although it was not served by the West African Currency Board. Liberia changed to the US dollar in 1943.[4] Togo and Cameroon adopted the West African currency in 1914 and 1916 respectively when British and French troops took over those colonies from Germany as part of World War I.[citation needed]
Beginning in 1958, the British West African pound was replaced by local currencies in the individual territories. The replacements were:
Country Date New
Currency Conversion Rate
From BWA pound Western Nigeria 1958 Nigerian pound 1 Ghana 1958 Ghanaian pound 1 Nigeria 1958 Nigerian pound 1 British Cameroon 1961 CFA franc (BEAC) 700 Sierra Leone 1964 Leone 2 Gambia 1965 Gambian pound 1
Coins
[edit]
In 1907, aluminium 1⁄10d and cupro-nickel 1d coins were introduced. Both coins were holed. In 1908, cupro-nickel replaced aluminium in the 1⁄10d and, in 1911, holed, cupro-nickel 1⁄2d coins were introduced. In 1913, silver 3d and 6d, 1/– and 2/– were introduced. In 1920, brass replaced silver in these denominations.
In 1938, larger, cupro-nickel 3d coins were introduced, with nickel-brass replacing brass in the higher denominations. In 1952, bronze replaced cupro-nickel in the 1⁄10d, 1⁄2d and 1d coins. The last coins of British West Africa were struck in 1958.
Banknotes
[edit]
In 1916, the West African Currency Board introduced notes for 2/–, 10/–, and 20/– (£1), followed by 1/– notes in 1918. Only the 10/– and 20/– notes were issued after 1918 until 100/– (£5) notes were introduced in 1953. The last notes were produced in 1962.
See also
[edit]
Money portal
Numismatics portal
Biafran pound
British currency in Oceania
British currency in the Middle East
British currency in the South Atlantic and the Antarctic
Gambian pound
Ghanaian pound
Gold Coast ackey
Nigerian pound
West African Monetary Zone
Economic Community of West African States
References and sources
[edit]
References
Sources
|
||||||
9206
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 15
|
https://aeh.uwpress.org/content/51/1/24
|
en
|
Rethinking West African Monetary History
|
[
"https://aeh.uwpress.org/sites/default/files/wpaeh_mobile_b.png",
"https://aeh.uwpress.org/sites/default/files/wpaeh_logo_final.png",
"https://aeh.uwpress.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/panels_ajax_tab/images/loading.gif",
"https://aeh.uwpress.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium/public/highwire/wpaeh/51/1.cover-source.jpg?itok=gIQNKaT2",
"https://aeh.uwpress.org/sites/all/modules/highwire/highwire/images/twitter.png",
"https://aeh.uwpress.org/sites/all/modules/highwire/highwire/images/fb-blue.png",
"https://aeh.uwpress.org/sites/all/modules/highwire/highwire/images/mendeley.png",
"https://aeh.uwpress.org/sites/default/files/uwplogo-dark_background-footer-aeh.png",
"https://aeh.uwpress.org/sites/all/modules/highwire/highwire/plugins/content_types/images/logo_small_hw_white.png"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Marisa Candotti"
] |
2023-05-01T00:00:00
|
This article provides a new answer to one of the central questions in precolonial West African histories: the interaction of credit with the expansion of production for the market. According to Hopkins, during the nineteenth century long-distance commercial capital had a limited effect on West African local production. In contrast, this article argues that surplus trading profits played a crucial role in the growth of manufacturing. However, to fully appreciate the interaction of trading profits and local manufacturing, it is necessary to reconsider the approach to West African monetary history. Recently, world economic historians have devoted renewed attention to African monetary history, suggesting a new theoretical approach that enables a reconsideration of how multiple monetary transactions worked in practice. This approach is based on the “complementary” relationship among monies circulating side by side. This article argues that a complementary relationship between multiple markets and monies makes possible the articulation of a different perspective on the place of money within the process of economic growth in precolonial savanna economies.
|
en
|
https://aeh.uwpress.org/sites/default/files/images/favicon.ico
|
African Economic History
|
https://aeh.uwpress.org/content/51/1/24
|
Abstract
This article provides a new answer to one of the central questions in precolonial West African histories: the interaction of credit with the expansion of production for the market. According to Hopkins, during the nineteenth century long-distance commercial capital had a limited effect on West African local production. In contrast, this article argues that surplus trading profits played a crucial role in the growth of manufacturing. However, to fully appreciate the interaction of trading profits and local manufacturing, it is necessary to reconsider the approach to West African monetary history. Recently, world economic historians have devoted renewed attention to African monetary history, suggesting a new theoretical approach that enables a reconsideration of how multiple monetary transactions worked in practice. This approach is based on the “complementary” relationship among monies circulating side by side. This article argues that a complementary relationship between multiple markets and monies makes possible the articulation of a different perspective on the place of money within the process of economic growth in precolonial savanna economies.
|
||||
9206
|
dbpedia
|
2
| 17
|
https://u.osu.edu/introhumanitiesonline/2020/02/04/history-of-the-british-takeover-of-nigeria/
|
en
|
History of the British Takeover of Nigeria
|
[
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/5d4316e3a6b35a01ae6213b7eefea74a?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/0a66bbbeb4746ef6b5b2be0d7a2991b8?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/8e8771b3a2e19d4773badcddd21e4ee9?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b0054000bf78e4e275299db3f40dafa7?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/8a287dc278d4a68a749adcd16830fb27?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/5c2e434058c37a705c2dc1a426d0becc?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b0054000bf78e4e275299db3f40dafa7?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/8a287dc278d4a68a749adcd16830fb27?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/794902a437f447eb667d6c267e24c4c9?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/fccba29897055900f27f641954d6dc34?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e5c6c7e70082355bbab7d70b7896e2dd?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/81fe85c4c13285269a86855877ff8282?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/17d614aaf4ae5d2674c9ab2c185ec7be?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d95d06fddb1d4d0afbda6138571d4c28?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/7f94b78ec4a785b5c70271e697c6cfe5?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/3b2d5bb7f3c8af3be0c1e594228487ec?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b70dd57625f3e2e3e9eda9c640df6c0f?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/4efdd190e1f3ebeaf7e5552366c11805?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/1008347ab018dd2402f6e337e323adab?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/9d97d46440cc69fd4dd9c59f494a2e6f?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/57c206cd88154caf4e7a6af785f8339e?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e970e3903634ff74d80b1d8cbb0fc5c2?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/03976d652fbf24c339f90614daf6ebd0?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/81d608baba207a7b6a0e662fecc2a493?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/722efeaa57ddebd61eed8f7e73574640?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/fc7b85c131c6dfd01e565123315cb874?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/202cf2cce23f8ce67ccc90df4840d827?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e43073ac0325a1184852a2afc6c8f3b6?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/3398bcde6402c767d1ddc00ed44fdb6e?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/f4c55d7ee939ebd97a1a39a488fbfc36?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/4c37d5665994bb13aa2211270645ea92?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/f4dd8c961bca7f980c6a9d39a7da3abd?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/7a92691fc37cd3539b7bbb5959406dac?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/03c4ea0a4de6a1591ed1aceb35cd9c5f?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/489faa4cc2de4b41ad19aa77fb298373?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/97e8845764ef357eb8f2d39368090282?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/7bb6c9f98b0f713c9a90ac5416c64fcb?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/f669ae0d10e2db074fe31c49b128d0f5?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/69edb3eb74ad52baa8979c7d56f63817?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c81409ced0d934705e9c48fc9c29bc15?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/73e701ffd2f30b12a5ef0287cd48eb83?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/73e701ffd2f30b12a5ef0287cd48eb83?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c4cdef60d6f6b2d3ff26d32093a00b7d?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c4cdef60d6f6b2d3ff26d32093a00b7d?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/26e8fe25cd052f15b69b6bb8527c852e?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/575f8a02c35c23dcac0a68379ef75be0?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/1008347ab018dd2402f6e337e323adab?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/83a9d5a06d9151fbeba23147bba5e391?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c73282e7a55f8501c6ef5e7713097744?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b70dd57625f3e2e3e9eda9c640df6c0f?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/26bbd2596f8fa6d2d681ba6bf2506f4f?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/21f6775f64eef2c8505c568941cc95d8?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/3392c7008a6d0fc9a95c39e1fc2b5ec7?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/0c7a31901b5999f0c073d959f53104e1?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/1ff1d9234eb50aa6ba57b8085006e5d3?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/1f57669e351e1df6455b0e65d6ef0951?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/f60c27f791bacac35ce714ddd4cc04d0?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b23cd0ec2de35ebe5cab85abfb52918a?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/7dc46bddd0b6ddea6ba8c21b4825fcc5?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/2d0e1669a4cad2b4da5f6afb9175a38a?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/be57f80707510b9887e7e5cf247c347e?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/03c4ea0a4de6a1591ed1aceb35cd9c5f?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/7461cb4d41edc84e4634f5ea36cc5c35?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/5d88af471c7393f9408e482c056d6997?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/fb75096e1933ffc8b9dcddd56c49546b?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/de6fbc49a9349cf082a757e7bcb96e06?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c0e64635e3c1eeed65e7803572b93449?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/289d1b136ed6193f4116d170e34d84a4?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e5c6c7e70082355bbab7d70b7896e2dd?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/cbd63e285f37ec41589833c26bb3d71e?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/42c5d351f7bcb19ce41d24245d3e89a0?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/f1497437f8592f19f05cea584ddebdeb?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/449d7ffd3888e79d8efa0bf17ac2f236?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/510657aa5d7d59e60759f379f596187e?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/5cb7903f30140421a7a7b3c5d06cf990?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/21efe9ed88a081771b33d48cba3ceb7a?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e85847d66612fbb616885727515f21f0?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/21efe9ed88a081771b33d48cba3ceb7a?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/5bfc5b9062463b5fe709d032256b8389?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/bf0d63b8ae4049bab6fce8b8aaa3f9eb?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/64e16600bd060b7c6e7d18d77a60a39c?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/273b3d6b3543a2f7558e75b0b0b81f6e?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/6176978ab44a0a953713b6b112ad905c?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/a080cf5f32dde02f6cf377eedac910a4?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/9b2ccc4e12d70d90a033e37861ed65ff?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/1008347ab018dd2402f6e337e323adab?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/1008347ab018dd2402f6e337e323adab?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/a080cf5f32dde02f6cf377eedac910a4?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c67f84d1011edc7ef1758aec202094d3?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/5837559615a6c18a6d7a3f71604d34f6?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/880c43c7f82d53462400757278add3d7?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/1361f7c7a1b3fee7634eeb4935eb1986?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/dfd7e1dfe415aec4a938d44e19b0b04e?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/1a0ceb60b721d97810be17d43d481b2e?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c67f84d1011edc7ef1758aec202094d3?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/da422a310c7f96cd77f8d01320dbb824?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/5dd7459244f31b5f3e7fa8622bdc9207?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/4a7affa0fbd1fd76f0af80c01dbd8f4c?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/4a7affa0fbd1fd76f0af80c01dbd8f4c?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/4a7affa0fbd1fd76f0af80c01dbd8f4c?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/cb8d524ecfd203a20b6b5cc2b0082227?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/cb3003ca90313e7e68d349776522f3ec?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/cb3003ca90313e7e68d349776522f3ec?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/2c2e39222f36eff7829170369d8c30de?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/0401cfe0154cbe574b842fb917db3376?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c67f84d1011edc7ef1758aec202094d3?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c67f84d1011edc7ef1758aec202094d3?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c67f84d1011edc7ef1758aec202094d3?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c67f84d1011edc7ef1758aec202094d3?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b7ad22e74b9da0adf555c9d03297b4cc?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/50092371a32bcd180907d33dfa919f38?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/50092371a32bcd180907d33dfa919f38?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/50092371a32bcd180907d33dfa919f38?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/50092371a32bcd180907d33dfa919f38?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e5e668e7bc7fb74fb2da405f9d7a3500?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/fccba29897055900f27f641954d6dc34?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e5e668e7bc7fb74fb2da405f9d7a3500?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c67f84d1011edc7ef1758aec202094d3?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c67f84d1011edc7ef1758aec202094d3?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/5837559615a6c18a6d7a3f71604d34f6?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/de21e9bd7f7d5d8a415572c11e7fa27e?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c67f84d1011edc7ef1758aec202094d3?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/78bb5b21c6ff67454d88061bee10b841?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/2ca59d5007aeaca348899f5af42e0cd4?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/5837559615a6c18a6d7a3f71604d34f6?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/1c04d39291dac8df7f3389e4eb903b37?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/fccba29897055900f27f641954d6dc34?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/313642a35552cf5dc4a2f8d5f9e2f52b?s=32&d=mystery&r=G",
"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/10ac2afe9c5b497006c0d97936e86963?s=32&d=mystery&r=G"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] |
2020-02-04T00:00:00
|
en
|
https://u.osu.edu/introhumanitiesonline/wp-content/themes/osu/assets/osu_navbar/images/favicon.ico
|
https://u.osu.edu/introhumanitiesonline/2020/02/04/history-of-the-british-takeover-of-nigeria/
|
Nigeria is a country in West Africa. It was colonized by the British in 1884 and the colony is established at the Berlin conference which divides Africa by European powers. The British targeted Nigeria because of its resources. The British wanted products like palm oil and palm kernel and export trade in tin, cotton, cocoa, groundnuts, palm oil and so on (Graham, 2009). The British accomplished the colonization by using its military. Although there was strong resistance from natives against the British, it was all crushed by the British. As a result, the trading post at the Niger River is created and the British economic rule is maintained over the colonies, exploiting Nigerians (Graham, 2009).
After the British conquest of northern and southern Nigeria and the merging of the two to establish Nigerian colonies and protectorate, the British seeks the best interests between direct rule and indirect rule. They will not hesitate to use the means of direct rule if they think that indirect rule cannot guarantee their colonial status. The divide and rule policy is always adopted by the British over the colonization of Nigeria. The consequences of the colonization consist of many parts. Politically, slavery was abolished. Economically, the tax system and transportation system deepened the British’s plunder and control over the economy in Nigeria. Culturally, the British controlled the religious culture in Nigeria through training a group of local people to spread Christianity in Nigeria, opening missionary schools, and other ways.
“Nigeria was granted independence on October 1, 1960 but the journey to achieving the right to self-government started seven years before when Anthony Enahoro moved the motion for self-governance in the British-led parliament in 1953. […] Foremost Nigerians like Obafemi Awolowo, Nnamdi Azikiwe and Tafawa Balewa who like Enahoro were some of the nationalists who fought for the country’s independence” (Omotayo). They were trying their best to convince their colonial Britain of the need for independence but prove and the capability of self-governance. They had to use their knowledge to prove this by presentation at the parliament and with solid logic. On the other hand, British need to consider the gain and loss from the Nigeria since British is under a turbulent era: Nazism in Europe was over, but Communism and the Soviet Union was increasingly powerful (America also). The available resources were limited, so it’s necessary for British to balance the risking of losing their power in the world.
Work Cited:
Katie Graham. (2009). “Nigeria: Colonization”. Retrieved from “https://hj2009per6nigeria.weebly.com/colonization.html”.
Omotayo Yusuf. (2017). “How Nigeria got its independence”. Legit. Retrieved from “https://www.legit.ng/1044956-four-nigerians-fought-britain-seven-years-won-pictured.html”.
|
||||||
9206
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 42
|
https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000184296
|
en
|
[] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null | null | ||||||||||
9206
|
dbpedia
|
3
| 61
|
https://archive.conscientiabeam.com/index.php/26/article/view/2060/5146
|
en
|
View of The Colonialists & Indigenous Exchange Currency: Tracing the Genesis of Socioeconomic Woes in Postcolonial Nigeria
|
[] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null |
en
| null | ||||||||
9206
|
dbpedia
|
0
| 63
|
https://www.iheart.com/podcast/105-stuff-you-missed-in-histor-21124503/episode/womens-war-of-1929-71232386/
|
en
|
Women’s War of 1929 - Stuff You Missed in History Class
|
https://i.iheart.com/v3/url/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cub21ueWNvbnRlbnQuY29tL2QvcHJvZ3JhbXMvZTczYzk5OGUtNmU2MC00MzJmLTg2MTAtYWUyMTAxNDBjNWIxL2NmYjQyOGVmLWVhZmMtNDRkMC05ZDA5LWFlMjcwMTc0N2U2Zi9pbWFnZS5qcGc_dD0xNjg0OTYxNDM4JnNpemU9TGFyZ2U?ops=contain(1200,630)
|
https://i.iheart.com/v3/url/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cub21ueWNvbnRlbnQuY29tL2QvcHJvZ3JhbXMvZTczYzk5OGUtNmU2MC00MzJmLTg2MTAtYWUyMTAxNDBjNWIxL2NmYjQyOGVmLWVhZmMtNDRkMC05ZDA5LWFlMjcwMTc0N2U2Zi9pbWFnZS5qcGc_dD0xNjg0OTYxNDM4JnNpemU9TGFyZ2U?ops=contain(1200,630)
|
[
"https://i.iheart.com/v3/re/new_assets/5d52ce1f6ba279940ae2376e?ops=fit(120%2C120)",
"https://i.iheart.com/v3/re/new_assets/5d52ce3e6ba279940ae23772?ops=fit(120%2C120)",
"https://i.iheart.com/v3/catalog/podcast/43034875?ops=fit(480%2C480)",
"https://i.iheart.com/v3/catalog/podcast/28888454?ops=fit(480%2C480)",
"https://i.iheart.com/v3/catalog/podcast/29319113?ops=fit(480%2C480)"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
"Women’s War of 1929",
"Stuff You Missed in History Class",
"Talk",
"Radio",
"Listen",
"On Demand",
"iHeartRadio",
"iHeart"
] | null |
[] | null |
<p>The Women’s War was a response to British colonialism in Nigeria. British authorities described the group as a “hostile mob” because they didn’t recognize that the so-called mob was largely a long-established method for Igbo women to hold men accountable.</p><p> </p> Learn more about your ad-choices at <a href='https://www.iheartpodcastnetwork.com'>https://www.iheartpodcastnetwork.com</a><p>See <a href='https://omnystudio.com/listener'>omnystudio.com/listener</a> for privacy information.</p>
|
en
|
https://www.iheart.com/static/assets/favicon.ico
|
iHeart
|
https://www.iheart.com/podcast/105-stuff-you-missed-in-histor-21124503/episode/womens-war-of-1929-71232386/
|
The Women’s War was a response to British colonialism in Nigeria. British authorities described the group as a “hostile mob” because they didn’t recognize that the so-called mob was largely a long-established method for Igbo women to hold men accountable.
Learn more about your ad-choices at https://www.iheartpodcastnetwork.com
|
||
9206
|
dbpedia
|
3
| 60
|
https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2024/01/25/nigeria-105-years-ago1/
|
en
|
Nigeria, 105 Years Ago…1 – THISDAYLIVE
|
[
"https://global.ariseplay.com/amg/www.thisdaylive.com/uploads/Jimoh-Ibrahim-3.jpg",
"https://global.ariseplay.com/amg/www.thisdaylive.com/uploads/Neconde-Energy-150x150.jpg",
"https://global.ariseplay.com/amg/www.thisdaylive.com/uploads/NGX-1-150x150.jpg",
"https://global.ariseplay.com/amg/www.thisdaylive.com/uploads/REUBEN-ABATI--150x150.jpg",
"https://global.ariseplay.com/amg/www.thisdaylive.com/uploads/Screen-Shot-2022-12-08-at-1.06.19-AM.png",
"https://global.ariseplay.com/amg/www.thisdaylive.com/uploads/nws.png",
"https://global.ariseplay.com/amg/www.thisdaylive.com/uploads/sidebarPromo_AI-1.png",
"https://global.ariseplay.com/amg/www.thisdaylive.com/uploads/ONE-YEAR-OF-TINUBU-683x1024.jpg",
"https://global.ariseplay.com/amg/www.thisdaylive.com/uploads/5026abd7-polaris-pearl-banner-3-300-x-300-1.jpeg",
"https://global.ariseplay.com/amg/www.thisdaylive.com/uploads/OFFICE-OF-OBAIGBENA-706x1024.jpg",
"https://global.ariseplay.com/amg/www.thisdaylive.com/uploads/This-Day-Portrait.jpg",
"https://global.ariseplay.com/amg/www.thisdaylive.com/uploads/ARISEOriginals.ad_.jpg",
"https://global.ariseplay.com/amg/www.thisdaylive.com/uploads/95dc3c2a-300pxl-x-250pxl-mortgage_loan-web_banner-animation1.webp",
"https://global.ariseplay.com/amg/www.thisdaylive.com/uploads/cbf71474-td-mtn-1024x1024-1-1024x1024.jpeg",
"https://global.ariseplay.com/amg/www.thisdaylive.com/uploads/TDSM_0818.jpg",
"https://global.ariseplay.com/amg/www.thisdaylive.com/uploads/55939be4-300x250uba.jpeg",
"https://global.ariseplay.com/amg/www.thisdaylive.com/uploads/2022/02/f15e7f8e-this-day-live-logo.png"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] |
2024-01-25T00:00:00
|
en
|
https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2024/01/25/nigeria-105-years-ago1/
|
By Olusegun Adeniyi
Former Governor of Cross River State, Mr Donald Duke, has a great deal of archival materials and enjoys discussing historical issues. Last week, he sent me a treasured publication that speaks to our country’s past and may help explain some of the challenges we grapple with today. ‘The Nigeria Handbook 1919 (Issued with the approval of the Nigerian Government)’. Compiled by A.C. Burns of the Central Secretary’s Office, Lagos, the publication contains ‘Statistical and General Information respecting the Colony and Protectorate’ in the years preceding 1919. It was printed by the Government Printer in Lagos. “Please read page 128 to 134 on education and health but generally, an interesting read,” Duke had written in the message he sent me.
The moment I received the 304-page handbook, I knew straightaway that I would go beyond the area highlighted by Duke. And having read the entire publication, I am aware that there are aspects that could exhume ancient prejudices and animosities. But that is not my interest. I am more concerned by what we can learn about Nigeria of the past. Without history, according to the opening statement of the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) Social Science website, “a society shares no common memory of where it has been, what its core values are, or what decisions of the past account for present circumstances.” And without such historical knowledge and inquiry, “we cannot achieve the informed, discriminating citizenship essential to effective participation in the democratic processes of governance.”
Divided into 21 chapters with nine appendices and 11 supplementary documents, the conclusion I drew after completing the publication is that for the British to extract maximum benefit from their colonial exploitation, they adopted a divide and conquer approach between Northern and Southern Nigeria. Since no conscious efforts at nation building were made by post-colonial leaders in the country, it is also no surprise that we continue to be dogged by mutual ethno-religious suspicions that hinder the peace and progress of Nigeria. But I should not get ahead of myself. My first curiosity was the identity of A.C. Burns, listed as the compiler. My online search yielded this: “Sir Alan Cuthbert Maxwell Burns (9 November 1887 – 29 September 1980) was a British civil servant who rose through the ranks to become governor of several colonies… He served in the Leeward Islands from 1905 to 1912 and then became Supervisor of Customs in Nigeria. In 1914, he enlisted in the West Africa Frontier Force. He served in the Cameroons Campaign and became Adjutant of the Nigeria Land Contingent. Burns was Private Secretary to Sir Frederick (later Lord) Lugard and then Huge Clifford during their times as governors of Nigeria.”
The handbook opens in Chapter One with the ‘Geographical and Historical’. The first paragraph characterizing our country jolted me from the start: “The Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria is the largest of the British West African possessions, its approximate area being 335,700 square miles, or nearly three times that of the United Kingdom.” As Duke remarked in a follow-up message, “We were just a business entity to the British.” That’s generous. At least business entities have legal standing. Nigeria was just their possession!
The handbook had this to say on the country’s history prior to colonialism: “The history of Nigeria as a whole, prior to the advent of the British, has not been written, and it is sufficient here to observe that there existed several powerful kingdoms in the north, which, owing to the Mohammedan influences, had attained to a certain degree of civilization, while in the south, few of even such kingdoms as existed had advanced much beyond a primitive barbarism.” From here, the handbook provides interesting insights about the history of Lagos, as well as that of The Protectorate of Rivers, the Niger Coast and Benin, the formation of the Nigerian Regimen for the First World War, completion of the railway etc.
Let’s take the account of events preceding the amalgamation of Northern and Southern Nigeria which occurred five years before the publication: “While the southern portion of Nigeria was being brought under the control of the British Government, the country to the north was being developed by the Royal Niger Company which had been granted its charter in 1886. Treaties were made with the native chiefs, and trading and administrative stations established. In 1897, Nupe and Ilorin were subdued, and the same year the legal status of slavery was declared abolished throughout the territories of the company. A conflict between the British and French troops seemed imminent, but an arrangement was at last come to and the boundary settled. On 1st January 1900, the transfer of the Niger Company territory to the Crown took place; these territories becoming the Protectorate of Northern Nigeria, with Colonel Lugard as the first High Commissioner. The Emirates of Kontagora, Yola, Bauchi, Borno, Kano and Sokoto were subdued in turn, and a rising at Satiru in 1906 was suppressed. Numerous minor expeditions against truculent pagan tribes were also undertaken.”
The narrative in Chapter Three, ‘Population, Religion and Languages’, is enough to ignite another firestorm between the internet warriors of Yoruba and Igbo, “the two chief tribes in the Colony and Southern Provinces.” Since it is not my intention to stir inter-ethnic Wahala, I leave others to do that when they read the handbook. Meanwhile, the total population of Nigeria in 1919 was put at 16,393,000 with 166,000 within the colony (Lagos), 7,690,000 in Southern Provinces and 8,537,000 in Northern Provinces. Incidentally, the population of the United Kingdom that same year (1919) was 19,559,000. This means their population at the time exceeded that of Nigeria by more than 20 percent! We have since reversed those statistics. While the estimated population of UK today is 67,691,439, that of Nigeria is 229,152,217—more than tripled theirs despite the wide disparity in our economic conditions. I know some would rather live in denial about our largely unproductive population but it’s a reality we must, at some point, come to terms with.
In Chapter Four, ‘Constitution’, there is a piece of information that I found quite surprising. After highlighting the process that led to the 1914 amalgamation of Northern and Southern Nigeria, the handbook then states, “The present headquarters and place of residence of the (Colonial) Governor is Lagos, which is also the headquarters of the Colony and of the Southern Provinces. The headquarters of the Northern Provinces is Kaduna which has also been selected as the future Capital of Nigeria.”
This is the first literature to reveal that Kaduna was ever pencilled down by the British as a future capital city for the country. I have also further researched this and cannot find such information anywhere. Yet, this is authoritative despite the disclaimer in one of the opening pages: “This Handbook is not an official publication but is issued with the approval of the Nigerian Government.” Compiled by Lugard’s private secretary and printed by the Government Printer (and with approval), I wonder what could be more official. It is of course no surprise that the economy was designed for the benefit of the British to the detriment of Nigeria. Sample: “There have been five meetings of the Nigerian Council, in December 1914,1915,1916,1917 and 1918 respectively. At the second meeting, a resolution was passed pledging the Government of Nigeria to take over, after the war, six million pounds of the Imperial War Loan, which would be added to the public debt of Nigeria.”
By most historical accounts, the colonial administration faced fewer challenges in the North because of the well-established traditional ruler system. They were less successful in the southern part of the country which is evident in the handbook. “In some parts of Nigeria where native chiefs have shown a capacity to rule, and especially in the Northern Provinces, the Government exercises only an indirect control, the Resident assuming the role of an adviser. In other parts, however, where there is no strong native authority capable of governing, the rule of the political officers is a more direct one, but even in such districts a native judiciary with powers limited in proportions to its ability and integrity is made use of with results that are increasingly satisfactory.”
Chapter Five details ‘Trade and Customs’ and provides a comprehensive picture of the economy of the country at the time. “The trade of Nigeria in 1918 was nearly five times as great as it was in 1900 and it is still increasing. As the country is opened up and the means of transport improve, the raw material which is now inaccessible will be exported still in large quantities, the wealth and standard of living of the people will improve, and a larger amount of imports will be required to meet the increased demand…” Figures were provided in this highly revealing section that speaks to a relatively strong economy and balanced budgets at the time. In 1900, for instance, the amount for total imports was £1,735,244 while that for total exports was £1,886,883 with total trade amounting to £3,622,127. In 1913, total imports raked in £6,331751 while £7,097646 was realized for total exports. The amount for total trade was £13,429397. In 2018, £7,423158 was realized from total imports with £9,511970 made from total exports. That year, £16,935,128 was made from total trade.
Nigerians have long lamented how Malaysia grew its wealth on the strength of palm seedlings from Nigeria. Details from the handbook say a lot: “The most important of these exports are palm oil and palm kernels which in 1918 were valued at £5,937526 which is over 63% of the total value of all produce exported during the year.” So, almost two-thirds of Nigeria’s export proceeds in 1918 came from palm oil and palm kernels. Today, we import these same commodities. Chapter Six, on banking, currency, weights and measures, is also very detailed. But readers can take this: “The natives are very suspicious of and are unwilling to be paid in coins of Queen Victoria’s reign and half-crowns of any date. Native currency in the forms of cowries, manillas, and brass rods is still used in some parts, but further importation is prohibited, and the abolition of such native currency is being gradually effected. Barter still prevails in the more backward districts.”
Readers will enjoy the chapters on ‘Climate and Rainfall’, ‘Shipping, Ports, and Internal Communications’ and ‘Law, Courts, Criminal Statistics, Police and Prisons’. But Chapter Eight, ‘Mines, Manufactures and Fisheries’, is another reminder of squandered riches. “The mineral wealth of the Northern Provinces of Nigeria is now an accepted fact, and tin mining industry has become of great importance. There is evidence that the existence of tin on the Bauchi plateau was known to the natives long before the advent of the British and they had smelted it on a small scale for many years. As long as 1885, this was known to the Europeans, but owing to the unsettled condition of the country no attempt at prospecting could be made,” it was written in the handbook. “Further inland than the swamp forests lie evergreen tropical forests which contain the most valuable of the economic trees of Nigeria. Owing to the wasteful native system of farming and the extensive migrations of tribes in earlier times, the bulk of the vegetation consists of secondary growth which has sprung up rapidly in deserted clearings. Mainly for this reason, the number of different species growing together is very large.”
Chapter 11 deals with ‘Government Finances’ and the handbook provides details: “The total revenue of Nigeria (i.e. Lagos, Southern Nigeria and Northern Nigeria) for the financial year 1900-1901 amounted over £683,000, while the revenue for 1913 (the last year unaffected by war condition) was over £3,462,000, or more than five times as much, and there is no doubt that but for the war the year 1914 would have shown a further remarkable increase. The revenue for the years 1917 and 1918 have beaten all previous records.”
The breakdown for seven years follows the narrative. 1912: Revenue, £2,806,905; Expenditure, £2,768,539. 1913: Revenue, £3,462,507; Expenditure, £2,916,801. 1914: Revenue, £3,048,381; Expenditure, £3,596,764. 1915: Revenue, £2,703,257; Expenditure, £3,484,215. 1916: Revenue, £2,943,184; Expenditure, £3,609,638. 1917: Revenue, £3,492,738; Expenditure, £3,219,958. 1918: Revenue, £4,014,190; Expenditure, £3,459,774. There was this note: “Prior to the amalgamation an annual refund (£70,000 in 1911) was made by Southern Nigeria to Northern Nigeria on account of Customs Duties collected at the coast on goods in transit to the latter Protectorate. Northern Nigeria also received an annual Imperial Grant-in-Aid which in 1911 amounted to £317,000. This Grant-in-Aid was afterwards reduced to £100,000 and has now ceased.”
As an aside, nothing confirms the adage about the tale of the hunt glorifying the hunter than the 1919 Handbook account of the ill-motivated and patently provocative 1897 Benin expedition by a British trade officer which ended tragically. In the late 19th century, as I wrote in a June 2021 column, what is now the Edo state capital had a strong kingdom that survived the British expedition and the 1885 Berlin Conference where Africa was partitioned and shared among European powers at the time. In the last decade of that century, James Phillips, the British Consul General for Niger Coast Protectorate (the present-day South-South zone) found the Benin Kingdom too independent and sought to neutralise the powers of the Oba on the pretext that the palace was engaged in human sacrifices. He therefore requested permission from London to invade the city, depose the Oba and replace him with a Native Council. “I have reason to hope that sufficient ivory would be found in the King’s house to pay the expenses incurred in removing the King from his stool,” Phillips wrote in his December 1896 letter to Lord Salisbury, then Foreign Secretary.
Without waiting for a response from London, Phillips sent a request to the Benin palace to expect a delegation from him. Despite the plea from the Oba of Benin that he could not at the period receive visitors, Philips nonetheless sent a military contingent on a supposedly peaceful mission, and they were confronted by Benin chiefs. In the aftermath, only two members of the contingent survived to tell the tale of what became known in British history as the ‘Benin Massacre’. In retaliation, Rear-Admiral Harry Rawson, a Naval commander was appointed to lead as many as 1,200 Royal Marines for the 9th February 1897 invasion of Benin, capture the Oba and destroy the city, in an operation codenamed ‘The Benin Punitive Expedition.’ Never mind that the whole exercise became a looting expedition by the British.
It took just weeks after that invasion for the looted Benin artifacts to find their way to museums and private collections around the world, either as gifts or through purchases. The first public auction reportedly took place in May 1897, following advertisement in the ‘Times’ newspaper for the sale of “several carved tusks and other trophies from Benin city collected by naval officers in the recent expedition”. Meanwhile, here is the terse narrative of that episode in the 1919 Nigeria Handbook: “In 1897, a peaceful mission to Benin was treacherously attacked and all but two of the European members were massacred. A powerful expedition captured the city and the king surrendered and was deported.” Now we know how it took a certain Mr Mungo Park to ‘discover’ River Niger for our people!
Several pages in the handbook were devoted to advertisements by British companies, including the Bank of British West Africa Limited (Established 1894). Listed as ‘Bankers to the Governments of the Colonies of the Gambia, Sierra Leone, the Gold Coast and Nigeria,’ with head office in London, the advert highlighted its Authorised Capital as £2,000,000; Subscribed Capital, £1,450,000 and Called-up capital, £580,000. There was also an advert by The Colonial Bank. Subscribed Capital was put at £3,000,000, Paid Up Capital, £900,000 and Reserve Fund, £350,000. In the adverts, I found a few Nigerian companies. One, L.A Cardoso engaged in import and export with, among other things, ‘600 Acre Farm in Agege District’. I don’t know if it belongs to the family of the current CBN Governor whose father, Felix Bankole Cardoso, was the first indigenous accountant general of the federation in 1963. Or even whether the company still exists. There is also ‘Dada Adeshigbin and Sons’ who were said to be the ‘Sole Importer of Singer Sewing Machines’.
I have done some rudimentary online searches on the man. In one posting Dada Adeshigbin was described as “a 19th Century townsman and one of the principal founders of the African Bethel Church” who was born in 1865 and died in February 1925 at age 60. There are postings by journals of universities in the United States and United Kingdom that speak to Adeshigbin’s business acumen but details about him can be found in the book, ‘The African Churches in Yorubaland (1888—1922)’ by James Bertin Webster. The interesting thing for me is that Adeshigbin is a name I am hearing for the first time, yet we are talking about a prominent man in the late 19th and early 20th century Nigeria. Why is it that the wealth our people produce does not last for generations? I intend to interrogate this issue one day.
While I intend to continue, and possibly conclude the series next week, it was Chapter 14 on ‘Education’ that Duke drew my attention to, perhaps because of the opening statement: “Education in Nigeria is not compulsory, and indeed until comparatively recently, was left entirely in the hands of missionaries, the first government school being founded so late as 1899. In the Colony and Southern Provinces, there were, at the end of 1918, 41 Government Schools, 189 ‘Assisted’ private schools, and a large number (probably more than 1400) of unassisted schools.” Duke also wants me to read Chapter 15 on ‘Public Health, Sanitation, Hospitals etc.’ I hope this wasn’t what fired his interest: “Syphilis and gonorrhoea are common diseases all over the country.”
NOTE: To be concluded next week.
|
|||||||
9206
|
dbpedia
|
0
| 35
|
https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000184296
|
en
|
[] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null | null | ||||||||||
9206
|
dbpedia
|
3
| 3
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colonial_Nigeria
|
en
|
Colonial Nigeria
|
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Flag_of_Nigeria_%281952%E2%80%931960%29.svg/125px-Flag_of_Nigeria_%281952%E2%80%931960%29.svg.png",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Badge_of_Nigeria_%281952%E2%80%931960%29.svg/85px-Badge_of_Nigeria_%281952%E2%80%931960%29.svg.png",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Colonial_Africa_Nigeria_1913_map.svg/250px-Colonial_Africa_Nigeria_1913_map.svg.png",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Flag_of_the_Northern_Nigeria_Protectorate_%281900%E2%80%931914%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Northern_Nigeria_Protectorate_%281900%E2%80%931914%29.svg.png",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_the_Southern_Nigeria_Protectorate_%281900%E2%80%931914%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Southern_Nigeria_Protectorate_%281900%E2%80%931914%29.svg.png",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Coat_of_arms_of_Nigeria.svg/160px-Coat_of_arms_of_Nigeria.svg.png",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/16px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Negroland_and_Guinea_with_the_European_Settlements%2C_1736.jpg/300px-Negroland_and_Guinea_with_the_European_Settlements%2C_1736.jpg",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Flag_of_Lagos_Colony_%281888%E2%80%931906%29.svg/220px-Flag_of_Lagos_Colony_%281888%E2%80%931906%29.svg.png",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Niger_Coast_Scott_44.jpg/220px-Niger_Coast_Scott_44.jpg",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Ensign_of_the_Royal_Niger_Company_%281888-1899%29.svg/220px-Ensign_of_the_Royal_Niger_Company_%281888-1899%29.svg.png",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/British_stamps_used_at_Akassa.jpg/220px-British_stamps_used_at_Akassa.jpg",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/King_Koko_in_His_War_Canoe.png/280px-King_Koko_in_His_War_Canoe.png",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/The_new_Home_and_Colonial_Offices%2C_Westminster%2C_1875._Wellcome_L0004550.jpg/198px-The_new_Home_and_Colonial_Offices%2C_Westminster%2C_1875._Wellcome_L0004550.jpg",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Foreign_%26_Commonwealth_Office_main_building.jpg/192px-Foreign_%26_Commonwealth_Office_main_building.jpg",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/The_National_Archives_UK_-_CO_1069-71-65.jpg/220px-The_National_Archives_UK_-_CO_1069-71-65.jpg",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Southern_and_Northern_Nigeria_c._1914.jpg/390px-Southern_and_Northern_Nigeria_c._1914.jpg",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Houten_roeiboot_onderdeel_van_de_miniatuurvoorstelling_van_een_roeiboot_met_een_Europeaan_en_vier_roeiers._TMnr_3441-7a.jpg/220px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Houten_roeiboot_onderdeel_van_de_miniatuurvoorstelling_van_een_roeiboot_met_een_Europeaan_en_vier_roeiers._TMnr_3441-7a.jpg",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Emir_of_Kano-1911.jpg/220px-Emir_of_Kano-1911.jpg",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Africa_Whitehall.jpg/220px-Africa_Whitehall.jpg",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/1910s_loom_Lagos_Nigeria_by_H_Hunting_of_Paterson_Zochonis_4545440293_University_of_Toronto.jpg/260px-1910s_loom_Lagos_Nigeria_by_H_Hunting_of_Paterson_Zochonis_4545440293_University_of_Toronto.jpg",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Colonial_era_Lagos.png/310px-Colonial_era_Lagos.png",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png",
"https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/footer/poweredby_mediawiki.svg"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"
] |
2007-02-05T17:59:34+00:00
|
en
|
/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colonial_Nigeria
|
British colony and protectorate (1914-1960)
Colonial Nigeria was ruled by the British Empire from the mid-nineteenth century until 1 October 1960 when Nigeria achieved independence.[8] Britain annexed Lagos in 1861 and established the Oil River Protectorate in 1884. British influence in the Niger area increased gradually over the 19th century, but Britain did not effectively occupy the area until 1885. Other European powers acknowledged Britain's dominance over the area in the 1885 Berlin Conference.
From 1886 to 1899, much of the country was ruled by the Royal Niger Company, authorised by charter, and governed by George Taubman Goldie. In 1900, the Southern Nigeria Protectorate and Northern Nigeria Protectorate passed from company hands to the Crown. At the urging of Governor Frederick Lugard, the two territories were amalgamated as the Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria, while maintaining considerable regional autonomy among the three major regions (Northern protectorate, Southern protectorate and the Colony of Lagos). Progressive constitutions after World War II provided for increasing representation and electoral government by Nigerians. The colonial period proper in Nigeria lasted from 1900 to 1960, after which Nigeria gained its independence.[8]
Overview
[edit]
Through a progressive sequence of regimes, the British imposed Crown Colony government on much of the area of West Africa which came to be known as Nigeria, a form of rule which was both autocratic and bureaucratic. After initially adopting an indirect rule approach, in 1906 the British merged the small Lagos Colony and the Southern Nigeria Protectorate into a new Colony of Southern Nigeria, and in 1914 that was combined with the Northern Nigeria Protectorate to form the Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria.[9] Administration and military control of the territory was conducted primarily by white Britons, both in London and in Nigeria.[10]
Following military conquest, the British imposed an economic system designed to profit from African labour. The essential basis of this system was a money economy—specifically the British pound sterling—which could be demanded through taxation, paid to cooperative natives, and levied as a fine.[11][12]
The amalgamation of different ethnic and religious groups into one federation created internal tension which persists in Nigeria to the present day.[13]
Origins of British influence
[edit]
In the 1700s, the British Empire and other European powers had settlements and forts in West Africa but had not yet established the full-scale plantation colonies which existed in the Americas. Adam Smith wrote in 1776 that the African societies were "better established and more populous than those of the Americas, thus creating a more formidable barrier to European expansion. Though the Europeans possessed many considerable settlements both upon the coast of Africa and in the East Indies, they have not yet established in either of those regions such numerous and thriving colonies as those in the islands and continent of the America." [citation needed]
Earlier elements related to this were its founding of the Sierra Leone Colony in 1787 as a refuge for freed slaves, the independent missionary movement intended to bring Christianity to the Edo Kingdom, and programs of exploration sponsored by learned societies and scientific groups, such as the London-based African Association.
Local leaders, cognizant of the situation in the West Indies, India, and elsewhere, recognised the risks of British expansion. A chief of Bonny in 1860 explained that he refused a British treaty due to the tendency to "induce the Chiefs to sign a treaty whose meaning they did not understand, and then seize upon the country".[14]
The Headquarters of Gombe emirate was Gombe-Abba[15] until when the then Emir of Gombe, Umaru Kwairanga (1898–1922), was forced to move from Gombe-Abba, a town founded by his grandfather and the founder of Gombe Emirate, Modibbo Bubayero, to Nafada town in 1913, and then to the current Gombe in 1919, that was after Gombe Emirate was conquered by British colonialists in 1903.
Slave trade and abolition
[edit]
Main article: Slavery in Nigeria
European slave trading from West Africa began before 1650, with people taken at a rate of about 3,000 per year. This rate rose to 20,000 per year in the last quarter of the century. The slave trade was heaviest in the period 1700–1850, with an average of 76,000 people taken from Africa each year between 1783 and 1792. At first, the trade centered around West Central Africa, now the Congo. But in the 1700s, the Bight of Benin (also known as the Slave Coast) became the next most important hub. Ouidah (now part of Benin) and Lagos were the major ports on the coast. From 1790 to 1807, predominantly British slave traders purchased 1,000–2,000 slaves each year in Lagos alone. The trade subsequently continued under the Portuguese Empire. In the Bight of Biafra, the major ports were Old Calabar (Akwa Akpa), Bonny and New Calabar.[16] Starting in 1740, the British were the primary European slave trafficker from this area.[17] In 1767, British traders facilitated a notorious massacre of hundreds of people at Calabar after inviting them onto their ships, ostensibly to settle a local dispute.[18]
In 1807, the Parliament of the United Kingdom enacted the Slave Trade Act, prohibiting British subjects from participating in the Atlantic slave trade. Britain subsequently lobbied other European powers to stop the slave trade as well. It made anti-slavery treaties with West African powers, which it enforced militarily with the blockade of Africa. Some of the treaties contained prohibitions on diplomacy conducted without British permission, or other promises to abide by British rule.[19] This scenario provided an opportunity for naval expeditions and reconnaissance throughout the region. Britain also annexed Freetown in Sierra Leone, declaring it a Crown Colony in 1808.[20]
The decrease in trade indirectly led to the collapse of states like the Edo Empire. Britain withdrew from the slave trade when it was the major transporter of slaves to the Americas. The French had abolished slavery following the French Revolution, although it briefly re-established it in its Caribbean colonies under Napoleon. France sold Louisiana to the United States in 1803, the same year that it gave up on trying to regain Saint-Domingue from the Haitian Revolution. By the end of the Napoleonic Wars, it ended slavery in its possessions. Between them, the French and the British had purchased a majority of the slaves sold from the ports of Edo. The economy suffered from the decline in the slave trade, although considerable smuggling of slaves to the Americas continued for years afterward.
Lagos became a major slave port in the late 1700s and into the 1850s. Much of the human trafficking which occurred there was nominally illegal, and records from this time and place are not comprehensive. According to the Trans-Atlantic Slave Voyage Database, 308,800 were sold across the Atlantic from Lagos in 1776–1850. British and French traders did a large share of this business until 1807 when they were replaced by the Portuguese and the Spaniards. By 1826–1850, the British Royal Navy was intervening significantly with Lagos slave exports.[21]
Whether British conquest of Nigeria resulted from a benevolent motive to end slavery or more instrumental motives of wealth and power, remains a topic of dispute between African and European historians.[22] Many locals remained unconvinced of the Crown's authority to completely reverse the legal and moral attributes of a social institution through fiat.[23] Regardless, slavery had decimated the population and fuelled militarisation and chaos, thereby paving the way for more aggressive colonisation.[21][24]
Missionaries
[edit]
Portuguese Roman Catholic priests who accompanied traders and officials to the West African coast introduced Christianity to the Edo Empire in the fifteenth century. Several churches were built to serve the Edo community and a small number of African converts. When direct Portuguese contacts in the region were withdrawn, however, the influence of the Catholic missionaries waned. By the eighteenth century, evidence of Christianity had disappeared.
Although churchmen in Britain had been influential in the drive to abolish the slave trade, significant missionary activity for Africa did not develop until the 1840s. For some time, missionaries operated in the area between Lagos and Ibadan. The first missions were opened by the Church of England's Church Missionary Society (CMS). Other Protestant denominations from Great Britain, Canada, and the United States also opened missions and, in the 1860s, Roman Catholic religious orders established missions. Protestant missionaries tended to divide the country into spheres of activity to avoid competition with each other, and Catholic missions similarly avoided duplication of effort among the several religious orders working there. Catholic missionaries were particularly active among the Igbo; the CMS worked among the Yoruba.
The CMS initially promoted Africans to responsible positions in the mission field; for instance, they appointed Samuel Ajayi Crowther as the first Anglican Bishop of the Niger. Crowther, a liberated Yoruba slave, had been educated in Sierra Leone and in Britain, where he was ordained before returning to his homeland with the first group of CMS missionaries. The Anglicans and other religious groups had a conscious "native church" policy to develop indigenous ecclesiastical institutions to become independent of Europeans. Crowther was succeeded as bishop by a British cleric. In the long term, the acceptance of Christianity by large numbers of Nigerians depended on the various denominations adapting to local conditions. They selected an increasingly high proportion of African clergy for the missions.
In large measure, European missionaries assumed the value of colonial rule in terms of promoting education, health and welfare measures, thereby effectively reinforcing colonial policy. Some African Christian communities formed their own independent churches.[25][n 1]
The missionaries gained in power throughout the 1800s. They caused major transformations in traditional society as they eroded the religious institutions such as human sacrifice, infanticide and secret societies, which had formerly played a role in political authority and community life.[26]
Commerce
[edit]
The principal commodities of legitimate trade were palm oil and palm kernels, which were used in Europe to make soap and as lubricants for machinery before petroleum products were developed for that purpose. Although this trade grew to significant proportions—palm oil exports alone were worth £1 billion a year by 1840—it was concentrated near the coast, where palm trees grew in abundance. Gradually, however, the trade forced major economic and social changes in the interior, although it hardly undermined slavery and the slave trade. The incidence of slavery in local societies increased.
Initially, most palm oil (and later kernels) came from Igboland, where palm trees formed a canopy over the densely inhabited areas of the Ngwa, Nri Kingdom, Awka and other Igbo peoples. Palm oil was used locally for cooking, the kernels were a source for food, trees were tapped for palm wine, and the fronds were used for building material. It was a relatively simple adjustment for many Igbo families to transport the oil to rivers and streams that led to the Niger Delta for sale to European merchants. The rapid expansion in exports, especially after 1830, occurred precisely at the time slave exports collapsed. The Igbo redirected slaves into the domestic economy, especially to grow the staple food crop, yams, in northern Igboland for marketing throughout the palm-tree belt. As before, Aro merchants dominated trade in the hinterland, including palm products to the coast and the sale of slaves within Igboland.
From 1815 to 1840, palm oil exports increased by a factor of 25, from 800 to 20,000 tons per year. British merchants led the trade in palm oil, while the Portuguese and others continued the slave trade.[17] Much of this oil was sold elsewhere in the British Empire.[27] To produce all this oil, the economy of the southern region crossed over from mostly subsistence to the production of palm oil as a cash crop.[28]
The Niger Delta and Calabar, which once had been known for the export of slaves, became notable for the export of palm oil. The Delta streams were called "oil rivers". The basic economic units in each town were "houses", family-operated entities that engendered loyalty for its employees. A "house" included the extended family of the trader, including retainers and slaves. As its head, the master trader taxed other traders who were members of his "house"; he maintained a war vessel, a large dugout canoe that could hold several tons of cargo and dozens of crews, for the defense of the harbor. Whenever a trader had become successful enough to keep a war canoe, he was expected to form his own "house". Economic competition among these "houses" was so fierce that trade often erupted into an armed battle between the crews of the large canoes.
Because of the hazards of climate and tropical diseases for Europeans and the absence of any centralized authorities on the mainland responsive to their interests, European merchants moored their ships outside harbours or in the delta and used the ships as trading stations and warehouses. In time, they built depots onshore and eventually moved up the Niger River to establish stations in the interior. An example was that at Onitsha, where they could bargain directly with local suppliers and purchase products likely to turn a profit.
Some European traders switched to legitimate business only when the commerce in slaves became too hazardous. The traders suffered from the risks of their position and believed they were at the mercy of the coastal rulers, whom they considered unpredictable. Accordingly, as the volume of trade increased, merchants requested that the Government of the United Kingdom appoint a consul to cover the region. Consequently, in 1849, John Beecroft was accredited as consul for the bights of Benin and Biafra, a jurisdiction stretching from Dahomey to Cameroon. Beecroft was the British representative to Fernando Po, where the African Slave Trade Patrol of the Royal Navy was stationed.
In 1850, the British created a "Court of Equity" at Bonny, overseen by Beecroft, which would deal with trade disputes. Another court was established in 1856 at Calabar, based on an agreement with local Efik traders which prohibited them from interfering with British merchants. These courts contained majorities British members and represented a new level of presumptive British sovereignty in the Bight of Biafra.[19]
West Africa also bought British exports, supplying 30–40% of the demand for British cotton during the Industrial Revolution of 1750–1790.[27]
Exploration
[edit]
Further information: European exploration of Africa
At the same time, British scientists were interested in exploring the course and related settlements along the Niger River. The delta masked the mouth of the great river, and for centuries Nigerians chose not to tell Europeans the secrets of the interior. In 1794, the African Association in Great Britain commissioned Mungo Park, an intrepid Scottish physician and naturalist, to search for the headwaters of the Niger and follow the river downstream. Park reached the upper Niger the next year by travelling inland from the Gambia River. Although he reported on the eastward flow of the Niger, he was forced to turn back when his equipment was lost to Muslim Arab slave traders. In 1805, he set out on a second expedition, sponsored by the British Government, to follow the Niger to the sea. His mission failed, but Park and his party covered more than 1,500 kilometres (930 mi), passing through the western portions of the Sokoto Caliphate, before drowning when their boats overturned in rapids near Bussa.
On a subsequent expedition to the Sokoto Caliphate, Scottish explorer Hugh Clapperton learned about the mouth of the Niger River, and where it reached the sea, but after suffering malaria, depression and dysentery, he died before confirming it.[29] His servant, Richard Lander, and Lander's brother John were the ones to demonstrate that the Niger flowed into the sea. The Lander brothers were seized by slave traders in the interior and sold down the river to a waiting European ship.
Initial British attempts to open trade with the interior by way of the Niger could not overcome climate and diseases such as malaria. A third of the people associated with an 1842 riverine expedition died. In the 1850s, quinine had been found to combat malaria, and aided by the medicine, a Liverpool merchant, Macgregor Laird, opened the river. Laird's efforts were stimulated by the detailed reports of a pioneer German explorer, Heinrich Barth, who travelled through much of Borno and the Sokoto Caliphate, where he recorded information about the region's geography, economy and inhabitants.
First colonial claims
[edit]
Lagos Colony
[edit]
Main article: Lagos Colony
British Prime Minister Lord Palmerston detested slavery, and in 1851 he took advantage of divisions in native politics, the presence of Christian missionaries, and the maneuvers of British consul John Beecroft to encourage the overthrow of the regime. In 1851 deposed king Akintoye of Lagos sought British help in restoring him to the throne. Beecroft agreed on condition that the slave trade be abolished, and British merchants have a monopoly in commodities. The Royal Navy bombarded Lagos in November 1851, ousted the pro-slavery Oba Kosoko and established a treaty with the newly installed Oba Akintoye, who was expectedly more amenable to British interests. Lagos was annexed as a Crown Colony in 1861 via the Lagos Treaty of Cession.[30]
British expansion accelerated in the last decades of the nineteenth century. The early history of Lagos Colony was one of repeated attempts to end the Yoruba wars. In the face of threats to the divided Yoruba states from Dahomey and the Sokoto Caliphate, as represented by the emirate of Ilorin, the British Governor—assisted by the CMS—succeeded in imposing peace settlements on the interior.
Colonial Lagos was a busy, cosmopolitan port. Its architecture was in both Victorian and Brazilian style, as many of the black elite were English-speakers from Sierra Leone and freedmen repatriated from the Empire of Brazil and Spanish Cuba. Its residents were employed in official capacities and were active in business. Africans also were represented on the Lagos Legislative Council, a largely appointed assembly. The Colony was ultimately governed by the British Colonial Office in London.[31]
Captain John Glover, the colony's administrator, created a militia of Hausa troops in 1861. This became the Lagos Constabulary, and subsequently the Nigerian Police Force.[32]
In 1880, the British Government and traders demonetised the Maria Theresa dollar, to the considerable dismay of its local holders, in favour of the pound sterling.[11] In 1891, the African Banking Corporation founded the Bank of British West Africa in Lagos.[33]
Oil Rivers Protectorate
[edit]
Main article: Niger Coast Protectorate
After the Berlin Conference of 1884, Britain announced the formation of the Oil Rivers Protectorate, which included the Niger Delta and extended eastward to Calabar, where the British Consulate General was relocated from Fernando Po. The protectorate was organised to control and develop trade coming down the Niger. Vice consuls were assigned to ports that already had concluded treaties of cooperation with the Foreign Office. Local rulers continued to administer their territories, but consular authorities assumed jurisdiction for the equity courts established earlier by the foreign mercantile communities. A constabulary force was raised and used to pacify the coastal area.
In 1894 the territory was redesignated the Niger Coast Protectorate and was expanded to include the region from Calabar to Lagos Colony and Protectorate, including the hinterland, and northward up the Niger River as far as Lokoja, the headquarters of the Royal Niger Company. As a protectorate, it did not have the status of a colony, so its officials were appointed by the Foreign Office and not by the Colonial Office.[31]
In 1891, the consulate established the Niger Coast Protectorate Force or "Oil Rivers Irregulars".[32]
Royal Niger Company
[edit]
Main article: Royal Niger Company
The legitimate trade in commodities attracted a number of British merchants to the Niger River, as well as some men who had been formerly engaged in the slave trade but who now changed their line of wares. The large companies that subsequently opened depots in the delta cities and in Lagos were as ruthlessly competitive as the delta towns themselves and frequently used force to compel potential suppliers to agree to contracts and to meet their demands. To some extent, competition amongst these companies undermined their collective position vis-à-vis, local merchants.
In the 1870s, therefore, George Taubman Goldie began amalgamating companies into the United African Company, soon renamed the National African Company.[19] Ultimately, this became the Royal Niger Company.
The Royal Niger Company established its headquarters far inland at Lokoja, which was the main trading port of the company,[34] from where it began to assume responsibility for the administration of areas along the Niger and Benue rivers where it maintained depots. It soon gained a virtual monopoly over trade along the River[11]
The company interfered in the territory along the Niger and the Benue, sometimes becoming embroiled in serious conflicts when its British-led native constabulary intercepted slave raids or attempted to protect trade routes. The company negotiated treaties with Sokoto, Gwandu and Nupe that were interpreted as guaranteeing exclusive access to trade in return for the payment of annual tribute. Officials of the Sokoto Caliphate considered these treaties quite differently; from their perspective, the British were granted only extraterritorial rights that did not prevent similar arrangements with the Germans and the French and certainly did not surrender sovereignty.
Even before gaining its charter, the Company signed treaties with local leaders which granted it broad sovereign powers. One 1885 treaty read:
We, the undersigned King and Chiefs […] with the view to the bettering of the condition of our country and people, do this day cede to the National Africa Company (Limited), their heirs and assigns, forever, the whole of our territory […] We also give the said National African Company (Limited) full power to settle all native disputes arising from any cause whatever, and we pledge ourselves not to enter into any war with other tribes without the sanction of the said National Africa Company (Limited).
We also understand that the said National African Company (limited) have full power to mine, farm, and build in any portion of our territory. We bind ourselves not to have any intercourse with any strangers or foreigners except through the said national African Company (Limited), and we give the said National African Company (Limited) full power to exclude all other strangers and foreigners from their territory at their discretion.
In consideration of the foregoing, the said National African Company (Limited) bind themselves not to interfere with any of the native laws or customs of the country, consistently with the maintenance of order and good government … [and] agree to pay native owners of land a reasonable amount for any portion they may require.
The said National African Company (Limited) bind themselves to protect the said King and Chiefs from the attacks of any neighbouring tribes (Ibid.).[19]
The company considered itself the sole legitimate government of the area, with executive, legislative and judicial powers all subordinate to the rule of a council created by the company board of directors in London. The council was headed by a Governor. The Deputy Governor served as political administrator for company territory and appointed three officials in Nigeria to carry out the work of administration. These were the Agent-General, the Senior Judicial Officer, and the Commandant of the Constabulary.[35] However, the company did accept that local kings could act as partners in governance and trade. It, therefore, hired native intermediaries who could conduct diplomacy, trade and intelligence work in the local area.[36]
The company, as was common among European businesses in Africa, paid its native workers in barter. At the turn of the century, top wages were four bags of salt (company retail price, 3s 9d) for a month of work.[12] Trade was also conducted through a mechanism of barter and credit. Goods were made available on credit to African middlemen, who were expected to trade them at a pre-arranged price and deliver the proceeds to the company. The company's major imports to the area included gin and low-quality firearms.[11]
By the 1880s, the National African Company became the dominant commercial power, increasing from 19 to 39 stations between 1882 and 1893. In 1886, Taubman secured a royal charter and his company became the Royal Niger Company. The charter allowed the company to collect customs and make treaties with local leaders.[12]
Under Goldie's direction, the Royal Niger Company was instrumental in depriving France and Germany of access to the region. Consequently, he may well deserve the epithet of the "father of Nigeria", which historians accorded him. He definitely laid the basis for British claims.
The Royal Niger Company had its own armed forces.[32] This included a river fleet which it used for retaliatory attacks on uncooperative villages.[11]
Britain's imperialistic posture became more aggressive towards the end of the century. The appointment of Joseph Chamberlain as colonial secretary in 1895 especially marked a shift towards new territorial ambitions of the British Empire.[37] Economically, local colonial administrators also pushed for the imposition of British colonial rule, believing that trade and taxation conducted in British pounds would prove far more lucrative than a barter trade which yielded only inconsistent customs duties.[11]
Military conquest
[edit]
The British led a series of military campaigns to enlarge its sphere of influence and expand its commercial opportunities. Most of the fighting was done by Hausa soldiers, recruited to fight against other groups. The superior weapons, tactics and political unity of the British are commonly given as reasons for their decisive ultimate victory.[38][39]
In 1892 the British Armed Forces set out to fight the Ijebu Kingdom, which had resisted missionaries and foreign traders. The legal justification for this campaign was a treaty signed in 1886, when the British had interceded as peacemakers to end the Ekiti Parapo war, which imposed free trade requirements and mandated that all parties continue to use British channels for diplomacy.[19] Although the Ijebu had some weapons they were wiped out by British Maxims, the earliest machine gun. With this victory, the British went on to conquer the rest of Yorubaland, which had also been weakened by sixteen years of civil war.[40] By 1893, most of the other political entities in Yorubaland recognised the practical necessity of signing another treaty with the British, this one explicitly joining them with the protectorate of Lagos.[19][41]
In 1896–1897 the forces of the Niger Coast Protectorate fought with the remnants of the Edo Empire. Following the defeat of an unsuccessful foray by Consul General James R. Phillips, a larger retaliatory force captured Benin City and drove Ovonramwen, the Oba of Benin, into exile.[42]
The British had difficulty conquering Igboland, which lacked a central political organisation. In the name of liberating the Igbos from the Aro Confederacy, the British launched the Anglo-Aro War of 1901–1902. Despite conquering villages by burning houses and crops, continual political control over the Igbo remained elusive.[43][44] The British forces began annual pacification missions to convince the locals of British supremacy.[45]
A campaign against the Sokoto Caliphate began in 1900 with the creation of the Protectorate of Northern Nigeria, under the direction of Governor Lugard. The British captured Kano in 1903. Deadly battles broke out sporadically through 1906.[46] Lugard was slow to describe these excursions to the Colonial Office, which apparently learned of preparations to attack Kano from the newspapers in December 1902. Not wishing to appear out of control or weak, they approved the expedition (two days after it began) on 19 January 1903.,[47] In general, the Colonial Office allowed Lugard's expeditions to continue because they were framed as retaliatory and, as Olivier commented in 1906, "If the millions of people [in Nigeria] who do not want us there once get the notion that our people can be killed with impunity they will not be slow to attempt it."[48]
Lugard informed the leaders of conquered Sokoto:
The Fulani in old times […] conquered this country. They took the right to rule over it, to levy taxes, to depose kings and to create kings. They, in turn, have by defeat lost their rule which has come into the hands of the British. All these things which I have said the Fulani by conquest took the right to do now pass to the British. Every Sultan and Emir and the principal officers of state will be appointed by the high Commissioner throughout all this country. The High Commissioner will be guided by all the usual laws of succession and the wishes of the people and chief but will set them aside if he desires for good cause to do so. The Emirs and chiefs who are appointed will rule over the people as of old-time and take such taxes as are approved by the High Commissioner, but they will obey the laws of the Governor and will act in accordance with the advice of the Resident.[49]
Political administration under the Crown
[edit]
Transition to Crown rule
[edit]
Concrete plans for transition to Crown rule—direct control by the British Government—apparently began in 1897. In May of this year, Herbert J. Read published a Memorandum on British possessions in West Africa, which remarked upon the "inconvenient and unscientific boundaries" between Lagos Colony, the Niger Coast Protectorate and the Royal Niger Company. Read suggested they be merged, and more use made of Nigeria's natural resources.[50] In the same year, the British created the Royal West African Frontier Force (RWAFF or WAFF), under the leadership of Colonel Frederick Lugard. In one year, Lugard recruited 2600 troops, evenly split between Hausa and Yoruba. The officers of the RWAFF were British. The operations of this force are still not fully known due to a policy of strict secrecy mandated by the British Government.[51]
Guidelines for running the Nigerian colony were established in 1898 by the Niger Committee, chaired by the Earl of Selborne, in 1898. The British finalized the border between Nigeria and French West Africa with the Anglo-French Convention of 1898.[52]
The territory of the Royal Niger Company became the Northern Nigeria Protectorate, and the Company itself became a private corporation which continued to do business in Nigeria. The company received £865,000 compensation for the loss of its Charter. It continued to enjoy special privileges and maintained a de facto monopoly over commerce. Under Lugard from 1900 to 1906, the Protectorate consolidated political control over the area through military conquest and initiated the use of British currency in substitute for barter.[11][12]
Colonial administration
[edit]
In 1900, the British Government assumed control of the Southern and Northern Protectorates, both of which were ultimately governed by the Colonial Office at Whitehall. The staff of this office came primarily from the British upper-middle class—i.e., university-educated men, primarily not nobility, with fathers in well-respected professions.[53] The first five heads of the Nigeria Department (1898–1914) were Reginald Antrobus, William Mercer, William Baillie Hamilton, Sydney Olivier, and Charles Strachey.[54] Olivier was a member of the Fabian Society and a friend of George Bernard Shaw.[55]
Under the Colonial Office was the Governor, who managed the administration of his colony and held powers of emergency rule. The Colonial Office could veto or revise his policies. The seven men who governed Northern Nigeria, Southern Nigeria and Lagos through 1914 were Henry McCallum, William MacGregor, Walter Egerton, Ralph Moor, Percy Girouard, Hesketh Bell and Frederick Lugard. Most of these came from military backgrounds. All were knighted.[56]
Walter Egerton's sixfold agenda for 1908, as detailed on 29 November 1907, in a telegram to the Colonial Office, is representative of British priorities.[57]
To pacify the country;
To establish settled government in the newly won districts;
To improve and extend native footpaths throughout the country;
To construct properly graded roads in the more populated districts;
To clear the numerous rivers in the country and make them suitable for launch and canoe traffic; and
To extend the railways.
Egerton also supervised improvements to the Lagos harbour and extension of the local telegraph network.[57]
From 1895 to 1900, a railway was constructed running from Lagos to Ibadan; it opened in March 1901. This line was extended to Oshogbo, 100 kilometres (62 mi) away, in 1905–1907, and to Zungeru and Minna in 1908–1911. Its final leg enabled it to meet another line, constructed 1907–1911, running from Baro, through Minnia, to Kano.[58]
Some of these public work projects were accomplished with the help of forced labour from native black Africans, referred to as "Political Labour". Village Heads were paid 10 shillings for conscripts and fined £50 if they failed to supply. Individuals could be fined or jailed for refusing to comply.[12]
Frederick Lugard
[edit]
Frederick Lugard, who was appointed as High Commissioner of the Northern Nigeria Protectorate in 1900 and served until 1906 in his first term, often has been regarded by the British as their model colonial administrator. Trained as an army officer, he had served in India, Egypt and East Africa, where he expelled Arab slave traders from Nyasaland and established British presence in Uganda. Joining the Royal Niger Company in 1894, Lugard was sent to Borgu to counter inroads made by the French, and in 1897 he was made responsible for raising the Royal West African Frontier Force (RWAFF) from local levies to serve under British officers.
During his six-year tenure as High Commissioner, Sir Frederick Lugard (as he became in 1901) was occupied with transforming the commercial sphere of influence inherited from the Royal Niger Company into a viable territorial unit under effective British political control. His objective was to conquer the entire region and to obtain recognition of the British protectorate by its indigenous rulers, especially the Fulani emirs of the Sokoto Caliphate. Lugard's campaign systematically subdued local resistance, using armed force when diplomatic measures failed. Borno capitulated without a fight, but in 1903 Lugard's RWAFF mounted assaults on Kano and Sokoto. From Lugard's point of view, clear-cut military victories were necessary because the surrenders of the defeated peoples weakened resistance elsewhere.
Lugard's success in northern Nigeria has been attributed to his policy of indirect rule; that is, he governed the protectorate through the rulers defeated by the British. If the emirs accepted British authority, abandoned the slave trade, and cooperated with British officials in modernizing their administrations, the colonial power was willing to confirm them in office. The emirs retained their caliphate titles but were responsible to British district officers, who had final authority. The British High Commissioners could depose emirs and other officials if necessary.
Amalgamation
[edit]
Amalgamation of Nigeria was envisioned from early on in its governance, as is made clear by the report of the Niger Committee in 1898. Combining the three jurisdictions would reduce administrative expenses and facilitate deployment of resources and money between the areas. (Specifically, it would enable direct subsidy of the less profitable Northern jurisdiction.) Antrobus, Fiddes and Strachey in the Colonial Office promoted amalgamation, along with Lugard.[59]
Following the order recommended by the Niger Committee, the Colonial Office merged Lagos Colony and the Southern Nigeria Protectorate on 1 May 1906, forming a larger protectorate (still called the Southern Nigeria Protectorate) which spanned the coastline between Dahomey and Cameroon.[59]
Lugard advocated constantly for the unification of the whole territory, and in August 1911 the Colonial Office asked Lugard to lead the amalgamated colony.[60]
In 1912, Lugard returned to Nigeria from his six-year term as Governor of Hong Kong, to oversee the merger of the northern and southern protectorates. On 9 May 1913, Lugard submitted a formal proposal to the Colonial Office in which Northern and Southern provinces would have separate administrations, under the control of a "strongly authoritarian" Governor-General. The Colonial Office approved most of Lugard's plan but balked at authorising him to pass laws without their approval.[61] John Anderson diplomatically suggested:
If it is the necessity for formally submitting the drafts that hurts Sir F. Lugard, I should be quite prepared to omit that provision provided that the period of publication of the draft prior to enactment is extended from one month to two. If an eye is kept on the Gazettes as they come in this will enable us to warn him of any objections we may entertain to legislative proposals, and also give Liverpool and Manchester an opportunity of voicing their objections.[61]
The task of unification was achieved on the eve of World War I. From January 1914 onwards, the newly united colony and protectorate was presided over by a proconsul, who was entitled the Governor-General of Nigeria. The militias and RWAFF battalions were reorganized into the RWAFF Nigeria Regiment.[62]
Lugard's governmental model for Nigeria was unique and there was apparently not much planning for its future development. Colonial official A. J. Harding commented in 1913:
Sir F. Lugard's proposal contemplates a state which it is impossible to classify. It is not a unitary state with local government areas but with one Central Executive and one Legislature. It is not a federal state with federal Executive, Legislature and finances, like the Leewards. It is not a personal union of separate colonies under the same Governor as the Windwards, it is not a Confederation of States. If adopted, his proposals can hardly be a permanent solution and I gather that Sir F. Lugard only regards them as temporary—at any rate in part. With one man in practical control of the Executive and Legislative organs of all the parts, the machine may work passably for sufficient time to enable the transition period to be left behind, by which time the answer to the problem—Unitary v. Federal State—will probably have become clear.[13]
The Colonial Office accepted Lugard's proposal that the Governor would not be required to stay in-country full-time; consequently, as Governor, Lugard spent four months out of the year in London. This scheme proved unpopular and confusing to many involved parties and was phased out.[63]
Indirect rule
[edit]
The Protectorate was centrally administered by the Colonial Civil Service, staffed by Britons and Africans called the British Native Staff—many of whom originated from outside the territory. Under the Political Department of the Civil Service were Residents and District Officers, responsible for overseeing operations in each region. The Resident also oversaw a Provincial Court at the region's capital.[64]
Each region also had a Native Administration, staffed by locals, and possessing a Native Treasury. The Native Administration was headed by the traditional rulers—mostly emirs in the north and often obas in the south—and their District Heads, who oversaw a larger number of Village Heads. Native Administration was responsible for police, hospitals, public works and local courts. The Colonial Civil Service used intermediaries, as the Royal Niger Company had, in an expanded role which included diplomacy, propaganda and espionage.[65]
Half of all taxes went to the colonial government and half went to the Native Treasury. The Treasury used a planned budget for payment of staff and development of public works projects, and therefore could not be spent at the discretion of the local traditional ruler. Herbert Richmond Palmer developed details of this model from 1906 to 1911 as the Governor of Northern Nigeria after Lugard.[66]
In 1916 Lugard formed the Nigerian Council, a consultative body that brought together six traditional rulers—including the Sultan of Sokoto, the Emir of Kano and the Oba of Benin—to represent all parts of the colony. The council was promoted as a device for allowing the expression of opinions that could instruct the Governor-General. In practice, Lugard used the annual sessions to inform the traditional rulers of British policy, leaving them with no functions at the council's meetings except to listen and to assent.
Unification meant only the loose affiliation of three distinct regional administrations into which Nigeria was subdivided—Northern, Western and Eastern regions. Each was under a Lieutenant Governor and provided independent government services. The Governor was, in effect, the coordinator for virtually autonomous entities that had overlapping economic interests but little in common politically or socially. In the Northern Region, the colonial government took careful account of Islam and avoided any appearance of a challenge to traditional values that might incite resistance to British rule.[67]
This system, in which the structure of authority focused on the emir to whom obedience was a mark of religious devotion, did not welcome change. As the emirs settled more and more into their role as reliable agents of indirect rule, colonial authorities were content to maintain the status quo, particularly in religious matters. Christian missionaries were barred, and the limited government efforts in education were harmonized with Islamic institutions.[67]
In the south, by contrast, traditional rulers were employed as vehicles of indirect rule in Edoland and Yorubaland, but Christianity and Western education undermined their sacerdotal functions. In some instances, however, a double allegiance—to the idea of sacred monarchy for its symbolic value and to modern concepts of law and administration—was maintained. Out of reverence for traditional kingship, for instance, the Oba of Benin, whose office was closely identified with Edo religion, was accepted as the sponsor of a Yoruba political movement. In the Eastern Region, appointed officials who were given "warrants" and hence called warrant chiefs, were strongly resisted by the people because they lacked traditional claims.
In practice, British administrative procedures under indirect rule entailed constant interaction between colonial authorities and local rulers—the system was modified to fit the needs of each region. In the north, for instance, legislation took the form of a decree cosigned by the Governor and the emir, while in the south, the Governor sought the approval of the Legislative Council. Hausa was recognised as an official language in the north, and knowledge of it was expected of colonial officers serving there. In the South, only English had official status. Regional administrations also varied widely in the quality of local personnel and in the scope of the operations they were willing to undertake. British staffs in each region continued to operate according to procedures developed before unification. Economic links among the regions increased, but indirect rule tended to discourage political interchange. There was virtually no pressure for greater unity among the regions until after the end of World War II.
Public works, such as harbour dredging and road and railway construction, opened Nigeria to economic development. British soap and cosmetics manufacturers tried to obtain land concessions for growing oil palms, but these were refused. Instead, the companies had to be content with a monopoly of the export trade in these products. Other commercial crops, such as cocoa and rubber, were encouraged, and tin was mined on the Jos Plateau.
The only significant interruption in economic development arose from natural disaster—the Great Drought of 1913–14. Recovery came quickly and improvements in port facilities and the transportation infrastructure during World War I furthered economic development. Nigerian recruits participated in the war effort as labourers and soldiers. The Nigeria Regiment of the RWAFF, integrating troops from the north and south, saw action against German colonial forces in Cameroon and in German East Africa.
During the war, the colonial government earmarked a large portion of the Nigerian budget as a contribution to imperial defence. To raise additional revenues, Lugard took steps to institute a uniform tax structure patterned on the traditional system that he had adopted in the north during his tenure there. Taxes became a source of discontent in the south, however, and contributed to disturbances protesting British policy. In 1920, portions of former German Cameroon were mandated to Britain by the League of Nations and were administered as part of Nigeria.
The British entry into World War I saw the confiscation of Nigerian palm oil firms operated by expatriates from the Central Powers. British business interests wanted to use this to create a monopoly over the industry, but Prime Minister H. H. Asquith's Liberal government and subsequent war coalition favored allowing international free trade. In 1916, Sir Edward Carson led the majority of the Conservative and Unionist Party to vote against Party Leader Bonar Law on the issue, forcing it to withdraw from the Asquith coalition and for the government to begin to break apart. It was replaced by a new coalition government led by David Lloyd George featuring Conservatives and Lloyd George's supporters in the Liberal Party, while Asquith and the remainder of the Liberals entered opposition.[69]
Until he stepped down as Governor-General in 1918, Lugard primarily was concerned with consolidating British sovereignty and with assuring local administration through traditional rulers. He was contemptuous of the educated and Westernised African elite found more in the South, and he recommended transferring the capital from Lagos, the cosmopolitan city where the influence of these people was most pronounced, to Kaduna in the north. Although the capital was not moved, Lugard's bias in favour of the Muslim north was clear at the time. Lugard bequeathed to his successor a prosperous colony when his term as Governor-General expired.
The policy of indirect rule used in Northern Nigeria became a model for British colonies elsewhere in Africa.[70]
Developments in colonial policy under Clifford
[edit]
Lugard's immediate successor (1919–1925), Sir Hugh Clifford, was an aristocratic professional administrator with liberal instincts who had won recognition for his enlightened governorship of the Gold Coast in 1912–1919. The approaches of the two men to colonial development were diametrically opposed. In contrast to Lugard, Clifford argued that colonial government had the responsibility to introduce as quickly as practical the benefits of Western experience. He was aware that the Muslim north would present problems, but he had hopes for progress along the lines which he laid down in the south, where he anticipated "general emancipation" leading to a more representative form of government. Clifford emphasized economic development, encouraging enterprises by immigrant southerners in the north while restricting European participation to capital intensive activity. Missionary forces demanded prohibition of liquor, which proved highly unpopular. Both Africans and Europeans found illegal supplies such as secret stills, obtaining colonial liquor permits, and smuggling. The experiment began in 1890 and was repealed in 1939,[71]
Uneasy with the amount of latitude allowed traditional rulers under indirect rule, Clifford opposed further extension of the judicial authority held by the northern emirs. He said that he did "not consider that their past traditions and their present backward cultural conditions afford to any such experiment a reasonable chance of success".[72] In the south, he saw the possibility of building an elite educated in schools modelled on a European method (and numerous elite children attended high-ranking colleges in Britain during the colonial years). These schools would teach "the basic principles that would and should regulate character and conduct".[72] In line with this attitude, he rejected Lugard's proposal for moving the capital from Lagos, the stronghold of the elite in whom he placed so much confidence for the future.
Clifford also believed that indirect rule encouraged centripetal tendencies. He argued that the division into two separate colonies was advisable unless a stronger central government could bind Nigeria into more than just an administrative convenience for the three regions. Whereas Lugard had applied lessons learned in the north to the administration of the south, Clifford was prepared to extend to the north practices that had been successful in the south. Sir Richmond Palmer, acting as Lieutenant Governor in the North, disagreed with Clifford and advocated the principles of Lugard and further decentralisation.[67]
The Colonial Office, where Lugard was still held in high regard, accepted that changes might be due in the south, but it forbade fundamental alteration of procedures in the north. A.J. Harding, director of Nigerian affairs at the Colonial Office, defined the official position of the British Government in support of indirect rule when he said that "direct government by impartial and honest men of alien race […] never yet satisfied a nation long and […] under such a form of government, as wealth and education increase, so do political discontent and sedition".[72]
Influenza Pandemic of 1918
[edit]
The Influenza pandemic made its way to the port of Lagos by September 1918 by way of a number of ships including the SS Panayiotis, the SS Ahanti, and the SS Bida.[73] The spread of the disease was quick and deadly, with an estimated 1.5% of the population of Lagos falling victim.[74] The disease first found its home among the many trading ports along the West African coast.[74] But with the advancement and efficiency of colonial transportation networks, it was only a matter of time before the disease began to spread into the interior.[73]
Africa as a whole was hit by three waves of H1N1 influenza A, the first and second would be the most deadly for the colony of Nigeria.[75] The colonial government was not equipped nor ready in general for such a situation.[73] In direct reaction to the epidemic, colonial authorities allowed African doctors and medical personnel to work with influenza patients due to the severity of the situation.[73] The colonial government would enact new legislation in reaction to the pandemic including, travel passes for individuals in the colony, increased usage of sanitary practices, and door to door checks on indigenous Nigerian households.[73]
Due to the failure of the sanitation officers in Lagos, the virus would continue to spread throughout the southern provinces throughout September and finally make its way into the hinterlands by October.[73] An estimated 500,000 Nigerians would lose their lives due to the pandemic, severely decreasing production capabilities on Nigerian farms and plantations.[76]
Economics and finance
[edit]
The British treasury initially supported the landlocked Northern Nigeria Protectorate with grants, totalling £250,000 or more each year.[77] Its revenue quickly increased, from £4,424 in 1901 to £274,989 in 1910. The Southern Protectorate financed itself from the outset, with revenue increasing from £361,815 to £1,933,235 over the same period.[78]
After establishing political control of the country, the British implemented a system of taxation in order to force the indigenous Africans to shift from subsistence farming to wage labour. Sometimes forced labour was used directly for public works projects. These policies were met with resistance.[79][80]
Much of the colony's budget went to payments of its military, the Royal West African Frontier Force (RWAFF).[81] In 1936, of £6,259,547 income for the Nigerian state, £1,156,000 went back to England as home pay for British officials in the Nigerian civil service.[82]
Oil exploration began in 1906 under John Simon Bergheim's Nigeria Bitumen Corporation, to which the Colonial Office granted exclusive rights. In 1907, the corporation received a loan of £25,000, repayable upon discovery of oil. Other firms applying for licenses were rejected. In November 1908, Bergheim reported striking oil; in September 1909, he reported extracting 2,000 barrels per day. However, development of the Nigerian oilfields slowed when Bergheim died in a car crash in September 1912. Lugard, replacing Egerton as Governor, aborted the project in May 1913. The British turned to Persia for oil.[83]
European traders in Nigeria initially made widespread use of the cowrie, which was already valued locally. The influx of cowrie led to inflation.
In April 1927, the British colonial government in Nigeria took measures to enforce the Native Revenue (Amendment) Ordinance. Direct taxation on men was introduced in 1928 without major incidents. However, in October 1929 in Oloko a census related to taxation was conducted, and the women in the area suspected that this was a prelude to the extension of direct taxation, which had been imposed on the men the previous year. This led to protests known as the Women's War.
Emergence of Southern Nigerian nationalism
[edit]
Main article: Nigerian nationalism
British colonialism created Nigeria, joining diverse peoples and regions in an artificial political entity along the Niger River. The nationalism that became a political factor in Nigeria during the interwar period derived both from an older political particularism and broad pan-Africanism, rather than from any sense among the people of a common Nigerian nationality. The goal of activists initially was not self-determination, but increased participation on a regional level in the governmental process.
Inconsistencies in British policy reinforced existing cleavages based on regional animosities, as the British tried both to preserve the indigenous cultures of each area and to introduce modern technology, and Western political and social concepts. In the north, appeals to Islamic legitimacy upheld the rule of the emirs, so that nationalist sentiments were related to Islamic ideals. Modern nationalists in the south, whose thinking was shaped by European ideas, opposed indirect rule, as they believed that it had strengthened what they considered an anachronistic ruling class and shut out the emerging Westernised elite.
The southern nationalists were inspired by a variety of sources, including such prominent American-based activists as Marcus Garvey and W.E.B. Du Bois. Nigerian students abroad, particularly at British schools, joined those from other colonies in pan-African groups such as the West African Students Union, founded in London in 1925. Early nationalists tended to ignore Nigeria as the focus of patriotism. Their common denominators tended to be based on newly assertive ethnic consciousness, particularly that of the Yoruba and Igbo. Despite the acceptance of European and North American influences, the nationalists were critical of colonialism for its failure to appreciate the antiquity, richness and complexity of indigenous cultures. They wanted self-government, charging that only colonial rule prevented the unshackling of progressive forces in Nigeria and other states.
Political opposition to colonial rule often assumed religious dimensions. Independent Christian churches had emerged at the end of the nineteenth century. European interpretations of Christian orthodoxy in some cases refused to allow the incorporation of local customs and practices, although the various mission denominations interpreted Christianity in different ways. Most Europeans tended to overlook their own differences and were surprised and shocked that Nigerians wanted to develop new denominations independent of European control. Protestant sects had flourished in Christianity since the Protestant Reformation; the emergence of independent Christian churches in Nigeria (as of black denominations in the United States) was another phase of this history. The pulpits of the independent congregations became avenues for the free expression of critics of colonial rule.
In the 1920s, Nigerians began to form a variety of associations, such as professional and business associations, like the Nigerian Union of Teachers; the Nigerian Law Association, which brought together lawyers, many of whom had been educated in Britain; and the Nigerian Produce Traders' Association, led by Obafemi Awolowo. While initially organised for professional and fraternal reasons, these were centres of educated people who had chances to develop their leadership skills in the organisations, as well as form broad social networks.
Ethnic and kinship organisations that often took the form of a tribal union also emerged in the 1920s. These organisations were primarily urban phenomena that arose after numerous rural migrants moved to the cities. Alienated by the anonymity of the urban environment and drawn together by ties to their ethnic homelands—as well as by the need for mutual aid—the new city dwellers formed local clubs that later expanded into federations covering whole regions. By the mid-1940s, the major ethnic groups had formed such associations as the Igbo Federal Union and the Egbe Omo Oduduwa (Society of the Descendants of Oduduwa), a Yoruba cultural movement, in which Awolowo played a leading role. In some cases, British assignment of people to ethnic groups, and treatment based along ethnic lines, led to identification with ethnicity where none had existed before.[84]
A third type of organisation that was more pointedly political was the youth or student group, which became the vehicle of intellectuals and professionals. They were the most politically conscious segment of the population and created the vanguard of the nationalist movement. Newspapers, some of which were published before World War I, provided coverage of nationalist views.
The 1922 constitution provided Nigerians with the chance to elect a handful of representatives to the Legislative Council. The principal figure in the political activity that ensued was Herbert Macauley, often referred to as the father of Nigerian nationalism. He aroused political awareness through his newspaper, the Lagos Daily News. He also led the Nigerian National Democratic Party, which dominated elections in Lagos from its founding in 1922 until the ascendancy of the National Youth Movement in 1938. His political platform called for economic and educational development, Africanization of the civil service, and self-government for Lagos. Significantly, Macauley's NNDP remained almost entirely a Lagos party, popular only in the area whose people already had experience in elective politics.
The National Youth Movement used nationalist rhetoric to agitate for improvements in education. The movement brought to public notice a long list of future leaders, including H.O. Davies and Nnamdi Azikiwe. Although Azikiwe later came to be recognised as the leading spokesman for national unity, when he first returned from university training in the United States, his outlook was pan-African rather than nationalist, and emphasised the common African struggle against European colonialism. (This was also reflective of growing pan-Africanism among American activists of the time.) Azikiwe had less interest in purely Nigerian goals than did Davies, a student of Harold Laski at the London School of Economics, whose political orientation was considered left-wing.
By 1938 the NYM was agitating for dominion status within the British Commonwealth of Nations so that Nigeria would have the same status as Canada and Australia. In elections that year, the NYM ended the domination of the NNDP in the Legislative Council and worked to establish a national network of affiliates. Three years later internal divisions arose that was dominated by major ethnic loyalties. The departure of Azikiwe and other Igbo members of the NYM left the organisation in Yoruba hands. During World War II, Awolowo reorganized it as a predominantly Yoruba political party, the Action Group. The Yoruba-Igbo rivalry became increasingly important in Nigerian politics.
Second World War
[edit]
During World War II, three battalions of the Nigeria Regiment fought against Fascist Italy in the Ethiopian campaign. Nigerian units also contributed to two divisions serving with British forces in Palestine, Morocco, Sicily and Burma, where they won many honours. Wartime experiences provided a new frame of reference for many soldiers, who interacted across ethnic boundaries in ways that were unusual in Nigeria. The war also made the British reappraise Nigeria's political future. The war years brought a polarization between the older, more parochial leaders inclined toward gradualism and the younger intellectuals, who thought in more immediate terms.
The rapid growth of organised labour in the 1940s also brought new political forces into play. During the war, union membership increased sixfold to 30,000. The proliferation of labour organisations fragmented the movement, and potential leaders lacked the experience and skill to draw workers together.
The Action Group was largely the creation of Chief Obafemi Awolowo, General Secretary of Egbe Omo Oduduwa and leader of the Nigerian Produce Traders' Association. The Action Group was thus the heir of a generation of flourishing cultural consciousness among the Yoruba and also had valuable connections with commercial interests that were representative of the comparative economic advancement of the Western Region. Awolowo had little difficulty in appealing to broad segments of the Yoruba population, but he worked to avoid the Action Group from being stigmatized as a "tribal" group. Despite his somewhat successful efforts to enlist non-Yoruba support, the regionalist sentiment that had stimulated the party initially continued.
Segments of the Yoruba community had their own animosities and new rivalries arose. For example, many people in Ibadan opposed Awolowo on personal grounds because of his identification with the Ijebu Yoruba. Despite these difficulties, the Action Group rapidly built an effective organisation. Its program reflected greater planning and was more ideologically oriented than that of the National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons. Although lacking Azikiwe's compelling personality, Awolowo was a formidable debater as well as a vigorous and tenacious political campaigner. He used for the first time in Nigeria modern, sometimes flamboyant, electioneering techniques. Among his leading lieutenants were Samuel Akintola of Ogbomoso and the Oni of Ife, the most important of the Yoruba monarchs.
The Action Group consistently supported minority-group demands for autonomous states within a federal structure, as well as the severance of a midwest state from the Western Region. It assumed that comparable alterations would be made elsewhere, an attitude that won the party minority voting support in the other regions. It backed Yoruba irredentism in the Fulani-ruled emirate of Ilorin in the Northern Region, and separatist movements among non-Igbo in the Eastern Region.
The Northern People's Congress (NPC) was organised in the late 1940s by a small group of Western-educated Northern Nigerians. They had obtained the assent of the emirs to form a political party to counterbalance the activities of the southern-based parties. It represented a substantial element of reformism in the North. The most powerful figure in the party was Ahmadu Bello, the Sardauna of Sokoto.
Bello wanted to protect northern social and political institutions from southern influence. He insisted on maintaining the territorial integrity of the Northern Region. He was prepared to introduce educational and economic changes to strengthen the north. Although his own ambitions were limited to the Northern Region, Bello backed the NPC's successful efforts to mobilize the north's large voting strength so as to win control of the national government.
The NPC platform emphasized the integrity of the north, its traditions, religion and social order. Support for broad Nigerian concerns occupied a clear second place. A lack of interest in extending the NPC beyond the Northern Region corresponded to this strictly regional orientation. Its activist membership was drawn from local government and emirate officials who had access to means of communication and to repressive traditional authority that could keep the opposition in line.
The small contingent of northerners who had been educated abroad—a group that included Abubakar Tafawa Balewa and Aminu Kano—was allied with British-backed efforts to introduce gradual change to the emirates. The emirs gave support to limited modernization largely from fears of the unsettling presence of southerners in the north, and by observing the improvements in living conditions in the South. Northern leaders committed to modernization were also firmly connected to the traditional power structure. Most internal problems were concealed, and open opposition to the domination of the Muslim aristocracy was not tolerated. Critics, including representatives of the Middle Belt who resented Muslim domination, were relegated to small, peripheral parties or to inconsequential separatist movements.[85]
In 1950 Aminu Kano, who had been instrumental in founding the NPC, broke away to form the Northern Elements Progressive Union (NEPU), in protest against the NPC's limited objectives and what he regarded as a vain hope that traditional rulers would accept modernization. NEPU formed a parliamentary alliance with the National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons (NCNC).
The NPC continued to represent the interests of the traditional order in the pre-independence deliberations. After the defection of Kano, the only significant disagreement within the NPC was related to moderates. Men such as Balewa believed that only by overcoming political and economic backwardness could the NPC protect the foundations of traditional northern authority against the influence of the more advanced south.
In all three regions, minority parties represented the special interests of ethnic groups, especially as they were affected by the majority. They were never able to elect sizeable legislative delegations, but they served as a means of public expression for minority concerns. They received attention from major parties before the elections, at which time either a dominant party from another region or the opposition party in their region sought their alliance.
The political parties jockeyed for positions of power in anticipation of the independence of Nigeria. Three constitutions were enacted from 1946 to 1954. While each generated considerable political controversy, they moved the country toward greater internal autonomy, with an increasing role for the political parties. The trend was toward the establishment of a parliamentary system of government, with regional assemblies and a federal House of Representatives.
In 1946 a new constitution was approved by the British Parliament at Westminster and promulgated in Nigeria. Although it reserved effective power in the hands of the Governor-General and his appointed Executive Council, the so-called Richards Constitution (after Governor-General Sir Arthur Richards, who was responsible for its formulation) provided for an expanded Legislative Council empowered to deliberate on matters affecting the whole country. Separate legislative bodies, the houses of assembly, were established in each of the three regions to consider local questions and to advise the Lieutenant Governors. The introduction of the federal principle, with deliberative authority devolved on the regions, signalled recognition of the country's diversity. Although realistic in its assessment of the situation in Nigeria, the Richards Constitution undoubtedly intensified regionalism as an alternative to political unification.
The pace of constitutional change accelerated after the promulgation of the Richards Constitution. It was suspended in 1950 against a call for greater autonomy, which resulted in an inter-parliamentary conference at Ibadan in 1950. The conference drafted the terms of a new constitution. The so-called Macpherson Constitution, after the incumbent Governor-General John Stuart Macpherson, went into effect the following year.
The most important innovations in the new charter reinforced the dual course of constitutional evolution, allowing for both regional autonomy and federal union. By extending the elective principle and by providing for a central government with a Council of Ministers, the Macpherson Constitution gave renewed impetus to party activity and to political participation at the national level. But by providing for comparable regional governments exercising broad legislative powers, which could not be overridden by the newly established 185-seat federal House of Representatives, the Macpherson Constitution also gave a significant boost to regionalism. Subsequent revisions contained in the Lyttleton Constitution, enacted in 1954, firmly established the federal principle and paved the way for independence.
Self-governing regions (1957)
[edit]
Main article: Federation of Nigeria
In 1957, the Western and the Eastern regions became formally self-governing under the parliamentary system. Similar status was acquired by the Northern Region two years later. There were numerous differences of detail among the regional systems, but all adhered to parliamentary forms and were equally autonomous in relation to the Nigerian federal government at Lagos. The federal government retained specified powers, including responsibility for banking, currency, external affairs, defence, shipping and navigation and communications, but real political power was centred in the regions. Significantly, the regional governments controlled public expenditures derived from revenues raised within each region.
Ethnic cleavages intensified in the 1950s. Political activists in the southern areas spoke of self-government in terms of educational opportunities and economic development. Because of the spread of mission schools and wealth derived from export crops, the southern parties were committed to policies that would benefit the south of the country. In the north, the emirs intended to maintain firm control on economic and political change.
Any activity in the north that might include participation by the federal government (and consequently by southern civil servants) was regarded as a challenge to the primacy of the emirates. Broadening political participation and expanding educational opportunities and other social services also were viewed as threats to the status quo. An extensive immigrant population of southerners, especially Igbo, already were living in the north; they dominated clerical positions and were active in many trades.
The cleavage between the Yoruba and the Igbo was accentuated by their competition for control of the political machinery. The receding British presence enabled local officials and politicians to gain access to patronage over government jobs, funds for local development, market permits, trade licenses, government contracts, and even scholarships for higher education. In an economy with many qualified applicants for every post, great resentment was generated by any favouritism that authorities showed to members of their own ethnic group.
In the immediate post-World War II period, Nigeria benefited from a favourable trade balance. Although per capita income in the country as a whole remained low by international standards, rising incomes among salaried personnel and burgeoning urbanization expanded consumer demand for imported goods.
In the meantime, public sector spending increased even more dramatically than export earnings. It was supported not only by the income from huge agricultural surpluses but also by a new range of direct and indirect taxes imposed during the 1950s. The transfer of responsibility for budgetary management from the central to the regional governments in 1954 accelerated the pace of public spending on services and on development projects. Total revenues of central and regional governments nearly doubled in relation to the gross domestic product during the decade.
The most dramatic event having a long-term effect on Nigeria's economic development was the discovery and exploitation of petroleum deposits. The search for oil, begun in 1908 and abandoned a few years later, was revived in 1937 by Shell and British Petroleum. Exploration was intensified in 1946, but the first commercial discovery did not occur until 1956, at Olobiri in the Niger Delta. In 1958 exportation of Nigerian oil was initiated at facilities constructed at Port Harcourt. Oil income was still marginal, but the prospects for continued economic expansion appeared bright and accentuated political rivalries on the eve of independence.
The election of the House of Representatives after the adoption of the 1954 constitution gave the NPC a total of seventy-nine seats, all from the Northern Region. Among the other major parties, the NCNC took fifty-six seats, winning a majority in both the Eastern and the Western regions, while the Action Group captured only twenty-seven seats. The NPC was called on to form a government, but the NCNC received six of the ten ministerial posts. Three of these posts were assigned to representatives from each region, and one was reserved for a delegate from the Northern Cameroons.
As a further step toward independence, the Governor's Executive Council was merged with the Council of Ministers in 1957 to form the all-Nigerian Federal Executive Council. The NPC federal parliamentary leader, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa, was appointed Prime Minister of Nigeria. Balewa formed a coalition government that included the Action Group as well as the NCNC to prepare the country for the final British withdrawal. His government guided the country for the next three years, operating with almost complete autonomy in internal affairs.
Constitutional conferences in the UK (1957–58)
[edit]
Main article: Lancaster House Conferences (Nigeria)
The preparation of a new federal constitution for an independent Nigeria was carried out at conferences held at Lancaster House in London in 1957 and 1958, which were presided over by The Rt. Hon. Alan Lennox-Boyd, M.P., the British Secretary of State for the Colonies. Nigerian delegates were selected to represent each region and to reflect various shades of opinion. The delegation was led by Balewa of the NPC and included party leaders Awolowo of the Action Group, Azikiwe of the NCNC, and Bello of the NPC; they were also the premiers of the Western, Eastern and Northern regions, respectively. Independence was achieved on 1 October 1960.
Elections were held for a new and greatly enlarged House of Representatives in December 1959; 174 of the 312 seats were allocated to the Northern Region on the basis of its larger population. The NPC, entering candidates only in the Northern Region, confined campaigning largely to local issues but opposed the addition of new regimes. The NCNC backed creation of a midwest state and proposed federal control of education and health services.
The Action Group, which staged a lively campaign, favoured stronger government and the establishment of three new states while advocating the creation of a West Africa Federation that would unite Nigeria with Ghana and Sierra Leone. The NPC captured 142 seats in the new legislature. Balewa was called on to head an NPC-NCNC coalition government, and Awolowo became the official leader of the opposition.
Independent Nigeria (1960)
[edit]
Main article: First Nigerian Republic
By a British Act of Parliament, Nigeria became independent on 1 October 1960.[8] Azikiwe was installed as Governor-General of the federation and Balewa continued to serve as head of a democratically elected parliamentary, but now completely sovereign, government. The Governor-General represented the British monarch as head of state and was appointed by the Crown on the advice of the Nigerian prime minister in consultation with the regional premiers. The Governor-General, in turn, was responsible for appointing the prime minister and for choosing a candidate from among contending leaders when there was no parliamentary majority. Otherwise, the Governor-General's office was essentially ceremonial.
The government was responsible to a Parliament composed of the popularly elected 312-member House of Representatives and the 44-member Senate, chosen by the regional legislatures.
In general, the regional constitutions followed the federal model, both structurally and functionally. The most striking departure was in the Northern Region, where special provisions brought the regional constitution into consonance with Islamic law and custom. The similarity between the federal and regional constitutions was deceptive, however, and the conduct of public affairs reflected wide differences among the regions.
In February 1961, a plebiscite was conducted to determine the disposition of the Southern Cameroons and Northern Cameroons, which were administered by Britain as United Nations Trust Territories. By an overwhelming majority, voters in the Southern Cameroons opted to join formerly French-administered Cameroon over integration with Nigeria as a separate federated region. In the Northern Cameroons, however, the largely Muslim electorate chose to merge with Nigeria's Northern Region.
See also
[edit]
Enclaves of Forcados and Badjibo
Bandele Omoniyi
Notes
[edit]
References
[edit]
Notes
[edit]
Sources
[edit]
Country Studies On-Line - Nigeria at the Library of Congress
Further reading
[edit]
Afeadie, Philip Atsu. "The Hidden Hand of Overrule: Political Agents and the Establishment of British Colonial Rule in Northern Nigeria, 1886–1914". PhD dissertation accepted at the Graduate Programme in History, York University, Ontario. September 1996.
Asiegbu, Johnson U. J. Nigeria and its British Invaders, 1851–1920: A Thematic Documentary History. New York & Enugu: Nok Publishers International, 1984. ISBN 0-88357-101-3
Ayandele, Emmanuel Ayankanmi. The missionary impact on modern Nigeria, 1842-1914: A political and social analysis (London: Longmans, 1966).
Burns, Alan C. History of Nigeria (3rd ed. London, 1942) online free.
Carland, John M. The Colonial Office and Nigeria, 1898–1914. Hoover Institution Press, 1985. ISBN 0-8179-8141-1
Dike, K. O. "John Beecroft, 1790—1854: Her Brittanic Majesty's Consul to the Bights of Benin and Biafra 1849—1854" Journal of the Historical Society of Nigeria 1#1 (1956), pp. 5–14, online
Fafunwa, A. Babs. History of education in Nigeria (Routledge, 2018).
Falola, Toyin, & Matthew M. Heaton, A History of Nigeria (Cambridge UP, 2008, ISBN 978-0-521-68157-5 online free to borrow
Falola, Toyin, Ann Genova, and Matthew M. Heaton. Historical dictionary of Nigeria (Rowman & Littlefield, 2018).
Isichei, Elizabeth. A History of Nigeria. (Longman, Inc., 1983). ISBN 0-582-64331-7
Larymore, Constance. A Resident's wife in Nigeria. (United Kingdom: George Routledge & Sons, Limited, 1908).
Mordi, Emmanuel Nwafor. "Nigerian Forces Comforts Fund, 1940–1947: 'The Responsibility of the Nigerian Government to Provide Funds for the Welfare of Its Soldiers'." Itinerario 43.3 (2019): 516–542.
Pétré-Grenouilleau, Olivier (ed.). From Slave Trade to Empire: Europe and the colonisation of Black Africa 1780s–1880s. Abingdon, UK, and New York: Routledge, 2004. ISBN 0-714-65691-7
Tamuno, T. N. The Evolution of the Nigerian State: The Southern Phase, 1898–1914. New York: Humanities Press, 1972. SBN 391 00232 5
Tamuno, T. N. (1970). "Separatist Agitations in Nigeria Since 1914." The Journal of Modern African Studies, 8(04), 563. doi:10.1017/s0022278x00023909
|
||||||
9206
|
dbpedia
|
3
| 21
|
https://www.dcstamps.com/northern-nigeria-1900-1914/
|
en
|
Northern Nigeria Protectorate (1900 - 1914) - Dead Country Stamps and Banknotes
|
[
"https://www.dcstamps.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/books1.jpg",
"http://www.dcstamps.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/MAF-Northern-Nigeria-Photo-e1362274280907.jpg",
"http://www.dcstamps.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/MAF-Southern-Nigeria-Map.jpg",
"http://www.dcstamps.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/MAF-Northern-Nigeria-Stamp.png",
"https://www.dcstamps.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/facebook-logo-e1519677585371.png",
"http://www.stamps.org/userfiles/image/MyAPS/MemberLogos/Logo_circle.gif",
"http://s11.flagcounter.com/count/cSJ/bg_FFFFFF/txt_000000/border_CCCCCC/columns_3/maxflags_200/viewers_0/labels_0/pageviews_1/flags_1/",
"https://www.dcstamps.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/SCFLogo.jpg",
"https://www.dcstamps.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/ZZZ-Stamp-Bears-Link.jpg",
"https://www.dcstamps.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/Stampboards.jpg",
"http://www.checkpagerank.info/pagerank-button.php?url=www.dcstamps.com"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] |
2013-03-02T22:21:58-04:00
|
ALBUM – view my Northern Nigeria Protectorate album TRANSITION CHART for the British Nigeria area Fast Facts Region: West Africa Group: British Nigeria Classification: Colony (Britain) Prior Regime: Royal Niger Company, Niger Coast Protectorate Key Dates: 1900, Jan 1 – … Continue reading →
|
en
|
Dead Country Stamps and Banknotes
|
https://www.dcstamps.com/northern-nigeria-1900-1914/
|
ALBUM – view my Northern Nigeria Protectorate album
TRANSITION CHART for the British Nigeria area
Fast Facts
Region: West Africa
Group: British Nigeria
Classification: Colony (Britain)
Prior Regime: Royal Niger Company, Niger Coast Protectorate
Key Dates:
1900, Jan 1 – Northern Nigeria created by assuming territory from the Royal Niger Company
1902 – Capital of Northern Nigeria established in Zungeru
1914, Jan 1 – Southern Nigeria and Northern Nigeria were combined to form the colony of Nigeria
Following Regime: Nigeria Colony
Scott Catalogue: (Northern Nigeria) #1-52
Pick Catalogue: none
Tweet
History
British colonization in western Africa didn’t really begin until after the British Parliament prohibited British subjects from participating in the slave trade, and in 1833 abolishing slavery throughout the British Empire (with the exceptions “of the Territories in the Possession of the East India Company,” the “Island of Ceylon,” and “the Island of Saint Helena”, which were eliminated in 1843). With the collapse of the slave trade, and the decline of the influence of the African Oyo Empire which supported it, interest in the area waned.
British influence in the Nigeria area increased gradually over the 19th century, but they did not effectively occupy the area until 1885, when competitive pressure increased from France and Germany. The Royal Niger Company was formed in 1879 as the United African Company; renamed to National African Company in 1881 and to Royal Niger Company in 1886. It was chartered by the British government to develop the Niger basin.
As the Germans began to flex their colonial muscles by annexing Togoland and Cameroon, the British and the French realized that decisive action was required before they started losing their territory. At the Berlin Conference (1885), the major European powers carved up Africa for colonization, thus, with the exception of Ethiopia and Liberia, all of Africa was to be ruled by the Europeans.
As development proceeded in Nigeria, it soon became obvious that the practice of managing territories through chartered companies could no longer compete with the Government run colonies of the French or Germans. Therefore, the Britain canceled the charter for the Royal Niger Company for the sum of £865,000 and rights to half the mining revenue for 99 years. On 1 Jan 1900, the territories of the Niger basin were transferred to the British government and the Protectorates of Northern Nigeria and Southern Nigeria was formed.
Northern Nigeria was still quite remote, so the British essentially had to fight to assume their “rights” to colonize the region. Sir Frederick John Dealtry Lugard was appointed the first High Commissioner of the newly created Northern Nigeria Protectorate and in 1902 he established Zungeru as the headquarters for the protectorate because it was the most northerly city accessible by river transport. Soon afterwards, the British military begin taking the region. The remnants of the Bornu Empire were conquered in 1902, the Sokoto Caliphate and the Kano Emirate were taken over in 1903 and fighting continued in 1904 in Bassa. In 1906 a large Mahdist revolution began outside of the city of Sokoto in the village of Satiru and a combined force of the British and the British-appointed Sultan of Sokoto, Muhammadu Attahiru II, destroyed the town and killed most residents involved. By 1907 most of the rebellions were quelled and the use of military force was less necessary as the focus turned toward taxation and administration.
Northern Nigeria Protectorate was ruled by including the chiefs and emirs as “native authorities” fitting into British administration. Regardless, every attempt at taxation were resisted by the emirates and the very powerful merchant class thus the Protectorate was never able to be run profitably. In 1914, Northern Nigeria and Southern Nigeria was joined to form the single colony of Nigeria. The unification was done for mostly for economic reasons rather than political, as Northern Nigeria Protectorate had a budget deficit; and the colonial administration sought to use the budget surpluses in Southern Nigeria to offset this deficit.
Stamps
ALBUM
The first postage stamps were issued for Northern Nigeria Protectorate beginning in March 1890. All stamps of the Protectorate were definitive issues using a Key Plate design, differing only by Queen or Kings portrait, the type of paper, watermark, or color.
The first series consisted of nine stamps with values ranging from 1/2 pence to 10 shillings, depicting Queen Victoria. The second series, issued on 1 Jul 1902 consisting of the same denominations depicting King Edward VII. A £25 stamp was issued in April 1904 which, although was available for postage, was really intended as a revenue stamp. It was used to pay for imported liquor licenses, and is extremely rare. In 1905, the King Edward series was reissued in eight denominations, and again in 1910-11 in eleven denominations.
The final series of stamps was issued in 1912 which was a series of thirteen denominations depicting King George V.
Northern Nigeria stamps were replaced by stamps of Nigeria Colony in 1914.
Banknotes
British Currency was used in Northern Nigeria
Links
|
|||||
9206
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 38
|
https://www.vcoins.com/en/coins/world/africa-1946.aspx
|
en
|
African Coins
|
[
"https://www.vcoins.com/en/coins/world/images/dd_arrow.jpg",
"https://www.vcoins.com/en/coins/world/images/blank.gif",
"https://www.vcoins.com/en/coins/world/images/blank.gif",
"https://www.vcoins.com/en/coins/world/images/blank.gif",
"https://www.vcoins.com/en/coins/world/images/blank.gif",
"https://www.vcoins.com/en/coins/world/images/blank.gif",
"https://www.vcoins.com/en/coins/world/images/blank.gif",
"https://www.vcoins.com/images/logoHome.png",
"https://www.vcoins.com/images/SearchInfo.png",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/94/B/3/b67P3jYzQyc4nB8xDkC6K29xt5MB2i.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/241/G/3/gW89Tt3pz4wPyJY6R5ymkF2f7jBjsZ.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/263/7/3/7rXWM8oNq72NZ4cywC6jf93B3mSx2b.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/52/Y/3/yFF37aA9QLz8gG5D4sZMZc6njR529w.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/F/3/Ftd8a6DK3bJb7f2L7Hk8gg5D4KGcm9.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/A/3/A2c68kTpL8x7g4tPEdC29GsWE5fzoB.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/6/3/6orCeHc8x4ToG55rfMP73mBWD2yRij.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/Z/3/zb9DMx36PN8aF2y97HLnRq5HXzr4Z3.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/D/3/Dnm2s4WAXz7Si9zN5Rxsj6FQ8GbekP.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/37/5/3/5wAWJ2ro6T4fa6YC9RmMbjE7w8iQDk.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/M/3/Mje2z3TrLn6L72iDWy4AdWS8K9Ht7g.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/J/3/Jxi32Fdzk7rY6sBcot8QX9eb42Gnx5.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/8/3/8gdSM32xpWY9R3ccmf5Z7XnbisF6zG.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/Z/3/Zq3f2PieLaM9J4mR52KcW8nw6rLiN7.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/Q/3/Qe4zr5tY3D7ap4A29JzKw68TNj8BS3.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/P/3/pq9D6Jrqc7xNkC3i86PyW4nxFdY5eB.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/186/5/3/5SgRXtp7nN6s3fFmqLS826mRTx9Lk4.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/186/4/3/4smKeG5e32EcLwi2a9Q4Yc6kxWd78j.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/186/T/3/t89WL8mg5rGb7k4X3BCgxc2Y6KQxiT.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/263/P/3/py9Ms3NsJDj6eZ7gJ5tL8X4xb4Gkzo.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/6/3/6w4SD5Cr8NbKe7FB2eAnK9cGdJZ3wz.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/I/3/iQa6D5gJdbX3BB4p8Mmit4Z97qoHnE.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/4/3/4FmzGD2djBG82o7TSWr3xH5jetZ6nX.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/2/3/2n2SR6Km8DtPQa7xJyY4G9jqSA5bc4.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/G/3/Gw94K4Ld3SnPssP62Kmjrr7M8Jiic5.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/P/3/Pws2nK889iYFdC4m7ydEkT5i6ryQX3.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/3/3/3rbJe4Hi9oMZmfG8rT6bt54N76PcF2.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/I/3/iZj2Nd9o8ScQTR5yr6WFBFg4wT3KtX.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/8/3/8Nf7Q2Bm7x6PoJz35oRHjD9s4bHEdf.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/6/3/6kzFzS8Y2NEbGmJ59Dp9a6K3Mf7cpB.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/N/3/NGj8fS29FQw4X9XmLo327nsCW6Cdbr.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/J/3/jc8PDmB67EeAPk2LnB294zZzRms3t5.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/6/3/6ePDb7EfZcj34qMHG8pL2GrwYtB5X9.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/186/7/3/7Qkpa2iJkyX5xB9nPed46eFfc8tMpT.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/186/Y/3/YSq72MwdZyt6Bz9L43Xwa5sAGf3WX8.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/186/Q/3/Qn5P3LFiexY67SJy89tCFx2atoP8R4.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/186/H/3/Hw8Gm6RF4Pg3q39RMB7d5oN5K97kiE.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/186/9/3/9XrmjrY7EL8f4KoDkKM5w2Wgq36JP3.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/186/I/3/iC9CB8EcGtg25Waomq6RN4b3sH7nx3.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/P/3/pm5M3yC2oJ8LfRw64MTnQ7kHcF2jWg.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/X/3/Xn6xmGs32jdZj8Qr5JaQYkE7A9dFmy.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/P/3/Px9oYWp48gRSMEa67oKNtRk32biJAp.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/6/3/6fwSNT5b9KiMoaY4m8wHc4F283gQd3.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/8/3/8ZgXYR7bi3M3zAc5j2E89P6eB4dX6F.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/D/3/dz3Dr8HtzN27QF2agAC64oGdnM9cCp.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/4/3/4SqcDm2w6k5RC8Qb9obLKGc3zY5PN7.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/W/3/wTn43yeAc8K8aq7HxMc26fEEL5qtj7.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/D/3/dXa9Hn8ow2TPMx4xSeD5qE3i7cQnrC.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/9/3/9SkYkp5JR8tn3SeDbHR6C7a8dw2FM4.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/4/3/4RkPTW5miQG26jeMEs7JzNc9B84qxG.jpg",
"https://images.vcoins.com/product_image/239/X/3/Xsi2j9zS7WtKEw6KG8BpWHn4Q3towA.jpg",
"https://www.vcoins.com/en/coins/world/images/dd_arrow.jpg",
"https://www.vcoins.com/en/coins/world/images/blank.gif",
"https://www.vcoins.com/en/coins/world/images/blank.gif",
"https://www.vcoins.com/en/coins/world/images/blank.gif",
"https://www.vcoins.com/en/coins/world/images/blank.gif",
"https://www.vcoins.com/en/coins/world/images/blank.gif",
"https://www.vcoins.com/en/coins/world/images/blank.gif",
"https://www.vcoins.com/en/coins/world/images/facebook.png",
"https://www.vcoins.com/en/coins/world/images/instagram.png"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"the online coin shop"
] | null |
F_META_DESCRIPTION_AFRICAN
|
en
|
/faviconNew.ico
|
https://www.vcoins.com/en/coins/world/africa-1946.aspx
| ||||||
9206
|
dbpedia
|
0
| 8
|
https://althistory.fandom.com/wiki/British_Nigeria_(Twilight_of_a_New_Era)
|
en
|
British Nigeria (Twilight of a New Era)
|
https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/althistory/images/4/42/Flag_of_British_Colonial_Nigeria.svg/revision/latest?cb=20111106201319
|
https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/althistory/images/4/42/Flag_of_British_Colonial_Nigeria.svg/revision/latest?cb=20111106201319
|
[
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/althistory/images/e/e6/Site-logo.png/revision/latest?cb=20210916044045",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/althistory/images/e/e6/Site-logo.png/revision/latest?cb=20210916044045",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/althistory/images/4/42/Flag_of_British_Colonial_Nigeria.svg/revision/latest/scale-to-width-down/120?cb=20111106201319",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/althistory/images/4/4f/Colonial_Nigeria_Badge.png/revision/latest/scale-to-width-down/80?cb=20140512212129",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/6a181c72-e8bf-419b-b4db-18fd56a0eb60",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/6c42ce6a-b205-41f5-82c6-5011721932e7",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/464fc70a-5090-490b-b47e-0759e89c263f",
"https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/f7bb9d33-4f9a-4faa-88fe-2a0bd8138668"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Contributors to Alternative History"
] | null |
The British Nigeria (Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria) was created as a merger of Protectorate of Northern Nigeria and Colony and Protectorate of Southern Nigeria on 1 January 1914, partly because of uneven economy in the two territories, and also due to growing tension with the German...
|
en
|
https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/althistory/images/4/4a/Site-favicon.ico/revision/latest?cb=20210916203836
|
Alternative History
|
https://althistory.fandom.com/wiki/British_Nigeria_(Twilight_of_a_New_Era)
|
The British Nigeria (Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria) was created as a merger of Protectorate of Northern Nigeria and Colony and Protectorate of Southern Nigeria on 1 January 1914, partly because of uneven economy in the two territories, and also due to growing tension with the German colonies.
Economy[]
Colonies such as Nigeria became part of British imperial expansion that focused on exploiting raw materials, minerals, and foodstuffs important to Western industrial development. Britain tried to encourage tropical export crops in Nigeria and to stimulate demand there for British manufactured goods. The colonies built a railroad network between the 1890s and 1930s, and constructed roads at an accelerating rate after the 1930s. These developments, along with the introduction of the pound sterling as the universal medium of exchange, encouraged export trade in tin, cotton, cocoa, groundnuts, and palm oil.
Local agricultural products include cassava (tapioca), corn, millet, peanuts, rice, rubber, sorghum, and yams.
The West African Currency Board (WACB, headquartered in London) acts as the central bank and issues the British West African pound, also used in British West Africa.
Armed forces[]
The Royal West African Frontier Force (RWAFF) is the army group, that has joint command in Nigeria, Gold Coast, Sierra Leone and Gambia. is organized in 4 regiments and Volunteer Corps. British officers and noncommissioned officers organize, train, and equip regiments of the RWAFF.
|
||
9206
|
dbpedia
|
2
| 82
|
https://northcarolina.universitypressscholarship.com/view/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469662893.001.0001/upso-9781469662893-chapter-004
|
en
|
[] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null | null | ||||||||||
9206
|
dbpedia
|
0
| 58
|
https://ncanb.org/history-of-nigeria/
|
en
|
Canadian Association of New Brunswick
|
[
"https://ncanb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/WhatsApp-Image-2022-10-03-at-11.13.51-AM.jpeg",
"http://localhost/ncanb/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/image3.jpg",
"http://localhost/ncanb/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/image5-300x293.jpg",
"https://ncanb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/iage-600x459-1.png",
"https://ncanb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/image2.png"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null |
en
|
https://ncanb.org/history-of-nigeria/
|
Nigeria is located on the western coast of Africa. Before the colonial era, the peoples of Nigeria lived in hunting, fishing and farming societies. In the 15th century, the Portuguese were the first white people to arrive in Nigeria, before the arrival of the British. The people of Benin began to trade with the Portuguese, selling slaves, buying spices and firearms, and learning the art of writing and the Christian religion.
By the 18th century, the British had taken over control of the slave trade from the Portuguese. However, in 1807, the British missionaries’ campaign against slavery led the British parliament to ban the slave trade. In 1884, Britain created the Oil Rivers Protectorate in the Niger Delta and claimed the region in 1885 after defeating King Jaja of Opobo. Did you know that the Niger Delta was called the Oil Rivers because it was a major producer of palm oil? In 1862, Lagos Island was declared a colony of Britain, and Mr. H.S Freeman became Governor of Lagos Colony. In 1893, the Oil Rivers Protectorate was renamed Niger Coast Protectorate with Calabar as capital. In 1890, the British reporter Flora Shaw suggested that the area be named “Nigeria” after the Niger River. [Flora Shaw later married Lord Frederick Lugard]. By 1900, Britain had control of Nigeria and had established the Southern Nigeria Protectorate and Northern Nigeria Protectorate. In 1914, the Northern Nigeria Protectorate and Southern Nigeria Protectorate were amalgamated to form Nigeria, with Colonial Officer Frederick Lugard as Governor-General. In 1944 – NCNC (National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons) founded by Herbert Macauley. In 1949, the Northern People’s Congress was founded by Alhaji Sir Ahmadu Bello. In 1951, the Action Group Party was established by Chief Obafemi Awolowo. Also in 1951, an agitation of the NCNC under Dr. Namdi Azikiwe caused Britain to grant internal self-rule to Nigeria. In 1954, federalism was adopted in Nigeria and the position of Governor was created in the three regions (North, West and East. 1957-1958 Constitutional conferences in the UK The preparation of a new federal constitution for an independent Nigeria was carried out at conferences held at Lancaster House in London and presided over by The Rt. Hon. Alan Lennox-Boyd, M.P., the British Secretary of State for the Colonies. The Nigerian delegation to the Constitutional conferences was led by Alhaji Sir Abubakar Tafewa Balewa of the NPC. It included Chief Obafemi Awolowo of the Action Group, Dr. Azikiwe of the NCNC, and Alhaji Sir Ahmadu Bello of the NPC, also the premiers of the Western, Eastern, and Northern regions, respectively. In 1958, Nigerian Armed Forces were transferred to Federal control. In 1959, the Nigerian Navy was born. Also in 1959, a new Nigerian currency, the Pound, was Introduced. 1959 – First general elections in Nigeria. The NPC and the NCNC formed a coalition, and Alhaji Sir Abubakar Tafewa Balewa was called on to lead the government, while Chief Obafemi Awolowo became official leader of the opposition. 1960 – Nigeria gained independence on 1st October. 1963 – Adoption of a new Nigerian constitution. Nigeria remained a Commonwealth Realm with Queen Elizabeth II as titular head of state until the Nigerian nation was declared a republic in 1963. Dr. Benjamin Nnamdi Azikiwe – Nigeria’s First President. Alhaji Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa.
|
|||||||
9206
|
dbpedia
|
0
| 4
|
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-economic-history/article/from-traditional-to-british-currency-in-southern-nigeria-analysis-of-a-currency-revolution-18801948/0153DA3573B899A5B76A22260D9994CB
|
en
|
From Traditional to British Currency in Southern Nigeria: Analysis of a Currency Revolution, 1880–1948
|
[
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/cambridge-core/public/images/icn_circle__btn_close_white.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/cambridge-core/public/images/logo_core.png",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/cambridge-core/public/images/logo_core.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/cambridge-core/public/images/logo_core.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/cambridge-core/public/images/logo_core.svg",
"https://static.cambridge.org/covers/JEH_0_0_0/the-journal-of-economic-history.jpg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/share-icon.cbcfad8.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/close-icon.194b28a.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/cite-icon.44eaaa4.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/rights-icon.d4a677c.svg",
"https://assets.crossref.org/logo/crossref-logo-100.png",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Google_Scholar_logo_2015.PNG",
"https://assets.crossref.org/logo/crossref-logo-100.png",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/cambridge-core/public/images/cambridge_logo.png"
] |
[
"https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-NTX72TG"
] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Walter I. Ofonagoro"
] | null |
From Traditional to British Currency in Southern Nigeria: Analysis of a Currency Revolution, 1880–1948 - Volume 39 Issue 3
|
en
|
/core/cambridge-core/public/images/favicon.ico
|
Cambridge Core
|
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-economic-history/article/abs/from-traditional-to-british-currency-in-southern-nigeria-analysis-of-a-currency-revolution-18801948/0153DA3573B899A5B76A22260D9994CB
|
19th August 2024: digital purchasing is currently unavailable on Cambridge Core. Due to recent technical disruption affecting our publishing operation, we are experiencing some delays to publication. We are working hard to restore services as soon as possible and apologise for the inconvenience. For further updates please visit our website: https://www.cambridge.org/universitypress/about-us/news-and-blogs/cambridge-university-press-publishing-update-following-technical-disruption
Skip to main content Accessibility help
We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.
Hostname: page-component-5c6d5d7d68-vt8vv Total loading time: 0.001 Render date: 2024-08-19T03:47:10.691Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
Article contents
Abstract
References
From Traditional to British Currency in Southern Nigeria: Analysis of a Currency Revolution, 1880–1948
Article contents
Abstract
References
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]
Abstract
Soon after establishing political control, the British colonial administration in southern Nigeria attempted to replace the existing currencies of the country with British currency. The traditional currencies competently discharged the functions of money, however, and it required fifty years before the pre-colonial currencies, attacked by the colonial authorities and unrecognized as legal tender, gradually lost standing and proved worthless to their last holders. Theoretical implications of these developments are discussed.
Type
Articles
Information
The Journal of Economic History , Volume 39 , Issue 3 , September 1979 , pp. 623 - 654
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022050700092949 [Opens in a new window]
Copyright
Copyright © The Economic History Association 1979
Access options
Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)
References
1
1 The literature on this subject is rather extensive. See, for instance,Jones, G. I., “Native and Trade Currencies in Southern Nigeria during the XVIII and XIX Centuries,” Africa, 28 (1958), 42–54CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Kirk-Greene, Anthony, “The Major Currencies in Nigerian History,” Journal of the Historical Society of Nigeria (hereafter JHSN), 2 (Dec. 1960), 132–50Google Scholar; Hopkins, Anthony, “The Currency Revolution in Southwest Nigeria in the Late Nineteenth Century,” JHSN, 3 (Dec. 1966)Google Scholar; and Johnson, Marion, “The Cowrie Currencies of West Africa,” Journal of African History, 11, 1 (1970), 17–49CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; and vol. 11, no. 3 (1970), 331–53.
2
2 Kirk-Greene, Anthony, “Major Currencies,” pp. 140–48Google Scholar. Cowries are shells of small molluscs from the Indian Ocean. They were widely used as money in Africa.
3
3 Ibid., p. 148.
4
4 Johnson, Marion, “Cowrie Currencies,” p. 24.Google Scholar
5
5 Ibid., pp. 28-33.
6
6 Nigerian Legislative Council Debates, 22nd Session, March 14, 1944, Statement by the Member from Banking, the Hon, K. M.Oliver, M. C. (Lagos: Government Printer, 1944), pp. 151–52.Google Scholar
7
7 Gann, L. H. and Duignan, Peter, The Economics of Colonialism (Cambridge, 1975), p. 37.Google Scholar
8
8 Hopkins, Anthony G., An Economic History of West Africa (New York, 1973), pp. 21–24.Google Scholar
9
9 Ibid., p. 71.
10
10 Ibid., p. 70. In Igboland, the Aros were the major bankers of the pre-colonial era. See Ofonagoro, “The Aro and Delta Middlemen of Southeast Nigeria and the Challenge of the Colonial Economy,” Journal ofAfrican Studies, 3, 2 (1976), 147. The “Egbo” society of Old Calabar had as one of its principal functions the recovery of bad debts: Ofonagoro, “The Opening Up of Southern Nigeria to British Trade, and its Consequences: Economic and Social History, 1881-1916” (Ph.D. diss., Columbia Univ., 1972), pp. 175–78Google Scholar.
11
11 Manillas were horseshoe-shaped pieces of metal (brass, bronze, or iron).
12
12 Basden, George T., Among the Ibos of Nigeria (London, 1920), p. 199.Google Scholar
13
13 Personal communication. I would like to record my gratitude to Professor Ekwueme Okoli of New York City Community College, to Mr. Metu of Eziama Ikeduru, Owerri; to Mr. B. N. Oriaku of Umuahia, to Mr. J. W. Aguzie of Isiekenesi, Orlu, and numerous others of that generation who have generously provided much information about cowries and other traditional currencies which they recalled using in the forties and in some cases as late as 1952.
14
14 , Hopkins, West Africa, p. 70.Google Scholar
13
13 Sir Gilbert Carter's general report on the Lagos interior expedition, 1893, No. II; The Possibilities of the Yoruba Country,” Lagos Weekly Record, June 2, 1894.
16
16 Public Record Office, London (hereafter PRO), Revise of Minutes of Evidence, Committee on the Currency of the West African Colonies, Nov. 17, 1899, Q498-Q502. In southeast Nigeria the equivalent was 6 cowries; Colonial Office, CO/520/4, Currency Committee Minutes of Evidence, 1899, Q655-Q658. Captain Denton served the government of Lagos as Colonial Secretary for 12 years, 1887-1889; during this period he acted as governor on the numerous occasions when the official incumbent went to England on leave. Mr. Wall administered the Customs Department of the Niger Coast Protectorate, 1891-1899; CO/520/4.
17
17 PRO, Revise of Minutes of Evidence, Committee on the Currency of West African Colonies, Nov. 17, 1899, Q498–Q502, CO/520/4.
18
18 Clough, Raymond Gore, Oil Rivers Trader (London, 1972), pp. 23–24.Google Scholar
19
19 Sir Frederick Lugard, The Dual Mandate in British Tropical Africa (rpt.; London, 1965), pp. 405 ff.
20
20 Sir Burns, Alan, History of Nigeria (London, 1962), p. 131.Google Scholar
21
21 Ibid., p. 96.
22
22 Nwaguru, J., Aba and British Rule (Enugu, Nigeria, 1973), p. 79.Google Scholar
23
23 W. Brandforth Griffiths to Governor Ussher, April 29, 1880, CO/147/41;Payne, J. Otonba, Payne's Lagos and West African Almanack (1893), pp. 43 and 54Google Scholar. Double eagles were American $20 gold coins. Eagles and half eagles are $10 and $5 gold coins, respectively. The French 20-franc pieces were gold coins minted by Napoleon Ill's government, 1853–1870. See also , Johnson, “Cowrie Currencies,” p. 23Google Scholar.
24
24 CO/444/1, Moor to Colonial Office, July 18, 1899. The Brass Chiefs confiscated 5,740 of these silver coins during their raid on the Royal Niger Company's Akassa depot in 1895, and even as late as 1901 the Lugard Administration accepted a portion of the southern Nigerian contribution to the revenue of northern Nigeria in Maria Theresa dollars; CO/520/8, Moor to Colonial Office, June 22,1901.
25
25 CO/147/41, Lt. Governor Brandforth Griffith to Governor Ussher, April 29, 1880.
26
26 Ibid.
27
27 Ryder, Alan, Benin and the Europeans, Appendix I, p. 295.Google Scholar
28
28 CO/444/1, Niger Coast Protectorate Bluebook, 1896-97, Head: “Legal tender currency, giving particulars and legislative authority.” On the antiquity of these currencies, see , Jones, “Native and Trade Currencies,” pp. 43–54Google Scholar. On the use of brass rods in the Calabar Country, see CO/444/1, “Report of Captain E. Roupell, Political Officer, Niger Coast Protectorate, to Sir Ralph Moor, on the state of the Upper Cross River,” enclosure in Moor to Colonial Office, 14/6/99.
29
29 CO/588/1, cf. Text of Native Currency Proclamation, No. 14 of 1902, sections 8 and 9.
30
30 , Basden, Among the Ibos of Nigeria, p. 198.Google Scholar
31
31 Ibid., p. 200. Basden makes the only known reference to the umumu in print. Further fieldwork may be necessary to establish its origins and distribution.
32
32 Ibid., p. 198. Cypraea Annulus were Mozambique cowries, and were valued at half the Cypraea Moneta variety, which came from the Maldive Islands.
33
33 CO/520/13, “Report on the Bluebook for 1900,” enclosure in Moor to Colonial Office, 24/1/02. Such cases were rare.
34
34 CO/444/1, Niger Coast Protectorate Bluebook, 1896/97, Head: “Legal Tender Currency.”
35
35 Ibid.
36
36 CO/520/4, Currency Committee, Minutes of Evidence, Nov. 17, 1899, Q583–90; and Q660–62 read concurrently.
37
37 Ibid., Q668.
38
38 Ibid., Q587, Q638, and Q653. The Administration's insistence on collecting revenues only in British currency was due to the fact that the bulk of the revenue was remitted to the Crown Agents in London, and held or invested there. Only funds sufficient to meet the small demands of the government in Africa—such as the payment of wages to laborers, and the purchase of small quantities of food, clothing, hardware, and building materials—were kept in the local Treasury. The salaries of officials were paid in London. In Africa they lived off their generous allowances, and in virtually free housing.
39
39 CO/520/8, Moor to Colonial Office, 12/6/01.
40
40 CO/520/8, Leslie Probyn to Colonial Office, Aug. 13, 1901.
41
41 These included the brass rod and the Perekule or Awonawo manillas valued at 3d. Next in value were the Prince manillas, valued at ¾d. For higher transactions a fictitious unit of account known as Ikpeghe (Kirk-Greene's Okpoho) existed, which was made up of four Nwaohuru manillas. Thus 2 Ikpeghe equalled 8 Nwaohuru manillas; PRO, CO/520/4, Currency Committee Minutes of Evidence, 1899, Q655-Q658. Other information has been acquired from personal communication fieldwork in Eastern Nigeria.
42
42 PRO, Revise of Minutes of Evidence, Currency Committee, 1899, Q532-Q534.
43
43 Payne's Almanack and Yearbook (1893), p. 54; See also CO/879/59 (Colonial Office Confidential Print), No. 16, Governor McCallum to Chamberlain, Aug. 4, 1897.
44
44 CO/879/59, No. 16, McCallum to Chamberlain, Aug. 4, 1897; CO/520/4, Currency Committee, Minutes of Evidence, 1899, Q472–Q473; and Q468.
45
45 Samuelson, Paul, Economics (New York, 1975).Google Scholar
46
46 CO/520/14, Moor to Colonial Office, 16/6/02. Sir Ralph Moor, the High Commissioner of Southern Nigeria, initially made the same mistake, but later went to great lengths to inform bis superiors of the error of regarding these currencies as barter items.
47
47 Burns, Arthur R., Money in Ancient Times, cited in A. Quiggin, A Survey of Primitive Money (London, 1963), p. 5.Google Scholar
48
48 , Basden, Among the Ibos of Nigeria, pp. 196–97.Google Scholar
49
49 CO/520/13, records of proceedings in the Supreme Court of Southern Nigeria, Assizes held at Asaba on 28 Nov. 1901, “Rex versus A. Plank.” Plank was convicted on two counts of falsification of accounts and forgery; he was at the time the Niger Company's station agent at Idah. The John Holt firm went one better, using the “measure” to fleece even their own locally-recruited staff, who were given contracts “of the usual native type, given to all our clerks in charge of stations—accepting responsibility for all goods entrusted to their care, etc…. They are paid in goods—thirty shillings per month—charged at native prices, the cost of which would be twenty shillings; goods are sent to them at Native prices also. For instance, we dispatch 50 measures of goods (each measures 5s., interior selling prices) and in return we expect 50 bushels of kernels.… The prices paid for kernels in these interior places enables us to pay all expenses and get the kernels down to Asaba at the same price paidfor them Asaba itself.” (Italics are mine.) Holt Papers, Box 1, file 6, extract from Mr. Drewett's letter dated Onitsha, July 5, 1905. For a description of “sortings,” “the ounce,” the “measure,” and the “Good For” see Hopkins, West Africa, p. Ill; Walter Ofonagoro, “The Opening Up of Southern Nigeria to British Trade,” pp. 168-71; and Clough, Oil Rivers Trader, p. 38.
50
50 Similar adjustments had been made by European traders over the years in other areas of West Africa. Examples include the “bar” in seventeenth-century Senegambia and Eastern Nigeria; the “sorting” used in the seventeenth century between the Gold Coast and Cameroons; and the “ounce” of eighteenth-century Gold Coast. See Johnson, Marion, “The Ounce in Eighteenth-Century West African Trade,” Journal ofAfrican History, 7 (1966), 197–214CrossRefGoogle Scholar; , Hopkins, West Africa, pp. 111–12Google Scholar.
51
51 On July 11, 1896, The Lagos Weekly Record drew attention to this problem: “The fart should not be lost sight of that in proportion as the interior natives learn the value of gold and silver as money, in like proportion will they be inclined to hoard it up. The majority of the native producers only come to the colony to exchange their produce for specie which they carry back and hoard up. Their wants in respect of European goods for actual consumption are very small.” In 1922 Lugard indicated that the local people were indeed hoarding their money rather than spending it on high-priced British imports; Lugard, The Dual Mandate, p. 264.
52
52 CO/446/24, F. Lugard to Joseph Chamberlain, July 19, 1902; cf. Minutes, H. Butler to R. An-trobus, Nov. 22, 1902.
53
53 Price, Ward, Dark Subjects, p. 251.Google Scholar
54
54 , Basden, Among the Ibos, pp. 196–200Google Scholar; Smith, M., Baba of Karo (London, 1964), p. 81Google Scholar.
55
55 CO/446/24, Minutes, Butler to Antrobus, Nov. 22, 1902. The hoarding of pennies in the United States has, in recent years, produced similar results.
56
56 CO/520/4, Currency Committee Minutes of Evidence, 1899, Q488, Evidence of Governor Den ton. See also Q498-Q502.
57
57 See Ofonagoro, “The Opening U p of Southern Nigeria,” pp. 12, 13, and 17, for further discussion of this theme.
58
58 An excellent example of this restriction of trade with foreign countries in favor of British goods was the action of the Colonial Government regarding the import of Japanese goods into the country; “The Imperial Government became perturbed about the entry of Japanese goods, such as socks at 3d a pair, and bicycles at 15-; in consequence, severe import restrictions were imposed to prevent them driving British goods off the market”; Price, Ward, Dark Subjects, p. 253Google Scholar.
59
59 , Hopkins, “The Currency Revolution,” p. 479.Google Scholar
60
60 CO/147/41, Griffiths to Ussher, April 29, 1880. See also London Times, March 26, 1880,-where the rate of 51¼ pennies to the dollar is quoted; and Hopkins, “The Currency Revolution,” p. 479.
61
61 CO/147/41, Griffiths to Ussher, April 29, 1880.
62
62 CO/147/41, Minutes, F.R.R. to Meade, July 20, 1880. See also Payne's Almanack (1893), p. 43, public notice re Ordinance No. 2 of 1880, issued by Acting Assistant Secretary Turton, and dated May 11, 1880.
63
63 CO/147/41, Minute by Governor Ussher, Accra, May 8, 1880. The text of the public notice of May 11, 1880, confirms that this was, in fact, what was done. As of May 21, 1880, “being ten clear days from the date of this notice,” only British silver coins would be accepted as legal tender by the Government of Lagos. See Payne's Almanack, p. 43, for text.
64
64 PRO, Index of Despatches from Governor Ussher to Colonial Office, 1880. See summaries of despatches No. 10126 of 27/5/80, No. 10145 of 1/6/80, and No. 10844 of 17/6/80. The above des-patches were destroyed by statute. See also Hopkins, “The Currency Revolution,” p. 480.
65
65 CO/520/4, revise of Minutes of evidence, Committee on the Currency of the West African Colonies, Nov. 17, 1899, Q518-Q522 and Q451-Q457. See also Hopkins, “The Currency Revolution,” pp. 480-81.
66
66 See Ellen Thorpe, Ladder of Bones, p. 218; and PRO, Index to Lagos Despatches, 1880, despatch No. 10132 of 31/5/80.
67
67 CO/520/4, revise of minutes of evidence, West African Currency Committee, 1899, Q518-522; Q455-457; and Hopkins, “The Currency Revolution,” p. 480.
68
68 CO/526/8, Moor to CO., June 22, 1901.
69
69 CO/879/59, enclosure in No. 21, “Correspondence relating to the currency of the West African Colonies”; CO/520/8, “Currency in Southern Nigeria,” the Butler Memorandum, Sept. 9, 1901.
70
70 See CO/588/1 for text. See also CO/520/13, “Report on the Bluebook for 1900,” enclosure in Moor to CO., 24/1/02.
71
71 CO/879/59, enclosure in No. 49, Moor to Chamberlain, Nov. 3, 1899; CO/520/9, Probyn to C.
72
72 CO/444/2, enclosure in Moor to C. O., 1/10/99.
73
73 CO/520/4, Minutes, W. A. Mercer to R. L. Anthrobus, March 23, 1900.
74
74 CO/520/8, Minutes, Butler to Anthrobus, 18/7/01.
75
75 ibid.
76
76 ibid.
77
77 In pre-colonial Niger Igbo communities, the Omu or market queen had exercised this function. See Basden, Among the Ibos, p. 195. In the Delta, the chiefs had exercised similar authority as regards rates of exchange between manillas and foreign currencies.
78
78 CO/588/1, “Native Courts Proclamation, No. 25 of 1901,” section XXXVI (ii).
79
79 Liverpool Chamber of Commerce, C. A. T. S. Minute Book, March 26, 1906 to May 13, 1907, “Commentary on the return of sterling values of native currency for the quarter ending December 31, 1905: Southern Nigeria Gazette, No. 10, April 13, 1906.” See also CO/588/1, text of “Native Currency Proclamation, No. 14 of 1902,” sections 8 and 9.
80
80 Report of the Departmental Committee Appointed to Inquire into Matters Affecting the Currency of the British West African Colonies and Possessions, Cd. 6427, 1912. See evidence of F. W. Fosbery, Provincial Commissioner, Southern Nigeria, pp. 28, 29, and 126.
81
81 West African Mail, March 15, 1912, “Eboe” to W. N. M. Geary.
82
82 Cd. 6247, 1912, evidence of Chief Ogolo at Currency Committee hearings, 1912.
83
83 Thorpe, Ladder of Bones, p. 220; The African Mail, Aug. 30, 1912, p. 479, “Openings for Trade.”
84
84 National Archives, Enugu, Nigeria: Riv. Prof. 2/1/83, No. C. 607, Vol. II, “Draft Report on Ma-nilla currency.” See also RG/B6 National Archives, Ibadan, Nigeria: “Report concerning Manilla currency as used in districts falling within the trading influence of Opobo, Bonny and Eket, with Memorandum relating to 1913,” dated Feb. 19, 1913.
85
85 National Archives, Enugu, Riv. Prof. 2/1/82, No. C. 607, Vol. I, Secretary Eastern Provinces to Residents, Owerri and Calabar Provinces, May 18,1946.
86
86 , Kirk-Greene, “The Major Currencies of Nigerian History,” p. 146Google Scholar; , Thorpe, Ladder of Bones, pp. 216–21Google Scholar; and The United Africa Company, Statistical and Economic Review, 3 (1949), 44–56Google Scholar.
87
87 Personal communication, J. W. Aguzie of Isiekenesi. His father, Job Aguzie of Aba (my grandfather) lost his fortune in the “operation manilla” of 1948. Their successors, the colonial elites of southeast Nigeria, lost their fortunes once more during the Nigeria/Biafra war when Nigerian currency was again changed and when, after the war, the victorious Nigerian government refused to treat Biafran currency as money.
88
88 , Thorpe, Ladder of Bones, p. 220.Google Scholar
89
89 Ibid., p. 217.
90
90 CO/444/1, Niger Coast Protectorate Bluebook; 1896/97, Head: “Legal tender currency, giving particulars and legislative authority.” See also “Report of Captain Roupell, Political Officer, Niger Coast Protectorate to Sir Ralph Moor, High Commissioner, on the state of the Upper Cross River,” enclosure in Moor to C. O., 14/6/99.
91
91 Lagos Weekly Record, June 4, 1894.
92
92 CO/879/59, No. 16, McCallum to C. O., Aug. 4, 1897. See also No. 18, The Treasury (through E. W. Hamilton) to C. O., Oct. 29, 1897; and Minutes, Butler to Anthrobus, Nov. 22, 1902.
93
93 Ibid.
94
94 Ibid.
95
95 Ibid.
96
96 CO/520/8, The Butler Memorandum, Section “A.”
97
97 See Holt Papers, 14/1, John Holt to Jonathan Holt, March 1, 1914. Sir Alfred Jones, chairman of the Bank of British West Africa, which stood to benefit from the currency change, encouraged Butler in this attitude.
98
98 CO/444/1, Messrs. Miller Brothers and Company to Joseph Chamberlain, 11/9/1899; Messrs Bey and Co. to Sir Ralph Moor, Dec. 13, 1899; Crown Agents to Bey and Co;, March 26, 1900; Bey and Co. to Crown Agents, April 4, 1900; and CO/520/4, Currency Committee Minutes of Evidence, Q498-Q502andQ671.
99
99 CO/520/14, Moor to C. O., 16/6/02; Holt Papers, 14/1, John Holt to Jonathon Holt, March 1, 1914.
100
100 See CO/588/1 for text. Section 2 of this proclamation banned importation of cowries and prescribed fines and terms of imprisonment for violators. See also Section 4.
101
101 Liverpool Chamber of Commerce, Committee of the African Trade Section, Minute Book, 1906-1907, enclosure in p. 204, Colonial Office to Committee of the African Trade Section, May 1, 1907.
102
102 CO/520/72, Treasury (through W. Blain) to C. O., 2/10/08 enclosure, Nigeria Coinage Order, 1908; Minutes, Butler to Crown Agents, 17/10/08; and CO/520/61, Butler to Strachey and Anth-robus, 23/6/08.
103
103 , Anene, Southern Nigeria in Transition, p. 295.Google Scholar
104
104 , Basden, Among the Ibos of Nigeria, p. 200.Google Scholar
105
105 , Thorpe, Ladder of Bones, p. 219Google Scholar; , Mars, “The Monetary and Banking System, and the Loan Market of Nigeria,” in Perham, Mining, Commerce, and Finance in Nigeria, p. 183Google Scholar. Further evidence has been derived from personal communications.
106
106 CO/520/4, Currency Committee, evidence of Captain Demon, Colonial Secretary of Lagos, 1887-1899,minutesof evidence, Q470–Q471.
107
107 , Basden, Among the Ibos of Nigeria, p. 199Google Scholar. Before the 1904 prohibition, 25 UKWU exchanged for a shilling. After 1904 the exchange rate changed gradually to 16, 15, and 13 UKWU to the shilling; and by 1915, 12 UKWU to the shilling. The UKWU = 60cowries.
108
108 , Basden, Among the Ibos, p. 198.Google Scholar
109
109 Personal communications.
110
110 Green, R. H. and Seidman, A., Unity or Poverty: The Economics of Pan-Africanism (Baltimore, 1968), p. 31Google Scholar. Green and Seidman confirm that “under colonial rule, modern economic development took place only in sectors limited almost exclusively to production for export, the import trade, and related collection and distribution services. These sectors did not directly affect the bulk of the population who continued to engage in low productivity food and handicraft production predominantly for their own use or sale in local markets.”
111
111 Price, Ward, Dark Subjects, p. 251Google Scholar; , Lugard, The Dual Mandate, p. 491Google Scholar.
112
112 , Lugard, The Dual Mandate, pp. 190, 491 ff., and 609Google Scholar. Some idea of the cash amounts of these profits may be gained from the performance of the West Africa Currency Board. In itsfirstfour years of operation, the Board shipped silver coin with a face value of over £4 million (excluding coins repatriated). The Board's assets on June 30, 1917, stood at £1,867,000, or an average of £497,000 per year.
113
113 G. O. Nwankwo, The Grammar of Money, Inaugural Lecture, University of Lagos, April 14, 1978, pp. 7 and 35. Nwankwo is the Professor of Finance, Chairman of the Department of Finance and Dean of the Faculty of Business Administration, University of Lagos, and Executive Director for Banking and Finance, the Central Bank of Nigeria.
25
Cited by
Cited by
Loading...
|
||||
9206
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 34
|
https://academicjournals.org/journal/JASD/article-full-text/C5FE59B68149
|
en
|
towards a harmonious view of money: the nigerian experience
|
[
"https://academicjournals.org/img/logo.png",
"https://academicjournals.org/banners/journal1716380048_JASD.png",
"https://crossmark-cdn.crossref.org/widget/v2.0/logos/CROSSMARK_Color_horizontal.svg",
"https://academicjournals.org/img/open_access.png",
"https://academicjournals.org/img/creative_commons.png"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Olawoye-Mann Salewa"
] |
2021-11-18T00:00:00
|
This paper approaches the topic of money from a Nigerian perspective. A proper understanding of money and its role in an economy and society as a whole would require a more rounded view of money and its meaning than what has been provided by the field of Economics. This harmonious view will analyze money through the lenses of different disciplines in social science. The aim is to show that money is a social construct that is embedded in culture and society. Thus, a better understanding of money should reflect this attribute. Beginning with the Nigerian experience, this paper demonstrates the benefit of an interdisciplinary approach to money and finance.
Key words: Money, development, job creation, culture, Nigerian society.
|
en
| null |
The historical trends on money are important because they help us answer questions such as, “where are we coming from?” and “where are we going to?” A proper understanding of the past will help one understand the present and future better. A lot of policies are always tied to questions such as “how would we pay for this?” and “would our children have to suffer our debt?” Basically, the issue of money and finance always comes up. So, a proper understanding of money and its history is needed to comprehend its impact in policies.
A lot of understanding of ‘money’ actually focuses on it as a money thing. Here, money is seen as that thing which is used to purchase goods and services. In present times, that will be the dollars, yuans, nairas and currencies that we can convert to paper or coin form.
Historically, money things have varied in different parts of the world. In Nigeria, like a lot of other countries, things like salt, iron rods, brass rods, manilla, copper wires, cloth, ackies, gold and cowries have been used historically as money things. One of the most common money things among these is the cowry.
Cowries
Obtained from the shells of small sea snails, cowries are considered the most common pre-colonial currency. They are indigenous to the warm waters of the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. Cowries were used as trade currency in different parts of the world like Africa, South Asia and East Asia. They were used for internal trade and overseas exchange (Hopkins, 1966). Reports show that cowries have been used in some regions in Africa, like Nigeria, as far back as years before the Portuguese invasion in the fifteenth century (Akinjogbin and Osoba, 1980; Basden, 1921; Egharevba, 1968). Cowries were also the currency used during the African slave trade era (Hogendorn and Johnson, 1986). In some parts of China, they have been used as money since around 2000 BC (Peng and Zhu, 1995; Yang, 2011; Yung-Ti, 2003). This monetary usage of cowries continued in some parts of the world until the early 20th century. This is partly due to the properties that cowries had over other money things that had been used.
The properties of cowries that made them suitable to be used as money include longevity, the small shape and size that made them very easy to carry, durability and some unique qualities that made counterfeiting impossible. For the cowries to be used as money in Nigeria, they had to be strung or packed to represent different denominations. This made it easier for traders to use in their accounting system. Payne (1875) shows how cowries were specially strung and used as money. As a cowry by itself, it could not be considered or used as money. There were specific guidelines and signatures used for these cowries to be used as money. A string was made up of 40 cowries while 50 strings made up one head. A bag of cowries comprised of 10 heads and this bag weighed 100 pounds (Aghalino, 2002).
However, cowries were not without some problems in their usage. Since only 10 heads of cowries weighed 100 pounds and a lot of these were needed in transactions, the problem of transportation costs and weightiness in large quantities arose. Another problem associated with the cowry currency was the lack of government control in supply as there was no major monetary unit that controlled the cowry currency. Despite other non-cowry money things being used over time, the cowry has been the longest money thing used in a lot of regions. It has since been replaced by gold and then different government-backed state currencies.
Non-cowry pre-colonial currencies
Manillas came in the form of metal bracelets or armlets. They also came in the form of copper, bronze and brass. It is popularly believed that copper rods were originally a trade currency between Europe and Africa before being adopted as a local currency (Jones, 1958). Latham (1971) points out an opposing view though. He opines that copper rods existed in Calabar before the European invasion of the early nineteenth century (Latham, 1971). Copper wires were indigenous currencies used in Nigeria. Copper rods, manillas and brass rods were widely used in trade especially in the Oil Rivers, Niger Delta and Old Calabar regions (Basden, 1921). Copper rods were also used in Borno before the eighteenth century. Like the cowries, these currencies were cumbersome and difficult to transport and count as well.
The use of these currencies created an avenue for a capital market where people could borrow money and help each other within groups. This market led to the provision of internal capital and credit giving to encourage development. Some of these capital markets operated in the form of savings and credit “banking.” Members contributed money and the total contribution would be lent to any member who needs. Another system of internal credit that was prevalent in this time was a system of rotating credit called the ajo and isusu/esusu system of the Yorubas, Igbos and Ibibios (Ardner, 1964). The idea here is that a group of people come together to save copper rods for different individual projects for a period of time. During this period, contributions are made at specific intervals and a different member receives the group’s pool of funds at each interval till everyone has gotten their turn for receipt. These ajo contributions have continued through different money things till this present time of fiat money.
Fiat money and coinage
There is a metallist’s theory of money that hinges on money being some form of metal, for instance, gold. The belief is that currencies either have gold backing or are metal currencies with intrinsic value (Bell, 2001). Thus, people accepted these currencies because of their intrinsic value or because they could convert it into metal whenever they needed. However, commodity money such as gold and cowries eventually gave way to what is now known as fiat money as a result of colonialism.
The advent of British colonialism in West Africa was accompanied with a deliberate attempt to demonetize existing currencies so exploitation of the natives was made easier. As Fuller (2008) said, the introduction of British currency in West Africa forced Africans into colonial enterprises like producing cash crops, as they needed most of the proceeds to pay taxes and other expenses that were only accepted in colonial currency. This led to the creation of the West African Currency Board (WACB).
The WACB was responsible for issuing currency notes in Nigeria from 1912 to 1959. The main responsibility was to manage the production and design of a common currency in the British West African Colonies, Protectorates and Trust Territories. It was responsible for the supply of currency and ensuring price stability in these colonies. This was ensured by first demonetizing the prior money things in circulation through formal legislation.
Fiat money does not focus on the intrinsic value; rather, the value of the currency is derived from government regulation or law. The 1880 formal legislation issued to British colonies, protectorates and trust territories, Nigeria inclusive, recognized only British coins and a few gold coins as legal tender. This means that people accepted these currencies because of its characteristic as a creature of the state (Lerner, 1947). Like the Carolingian era of medieval France (Innes, 2006), coins were not marked at face value. The nominal value of coins exceeded their intrinsic value. Sole importation rights of these coins into the colonies were given to the African Banking Corporation, which had a headquarters in London. Token currencies were fixed to British sterling and the Nigerian economy did not have autonomy of currency. The British colonialists required these coins as payment for taxes/levies/tithes in public offices and places. Thus they spent the money into existence and created acceptance through demand {Wray, 1990, 2012).
The British colonial state played an important role in the history of money in Nigeria. It achieved this by defining the unit of account, imposing tax liabilities on individuals, and passing a law on the acceptable currency to be used in paying these taxes (Forstater, 2005; Peacock, 2006). Unlike the cowry or gold, fiat money has individual governments controlling each currency along with individual central banks for each currency. In the Nigerian colonial era, the central bank was the WACB. However, the reign of the WACB came to an end on July 1, 1959, a little over a year before Nigerian gained her independence from British colonial rule. This was established through the CBN Act of 1958. The establishment of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) led to the creation of the domestic fiat currencies; naira and kobo.
The credit theory of money in Nigerian history
Regardless of the stance a person may choose, the system of governance in place or the money thing being used, one fact remains, as long as contractual obligations exist, money will exist. This is because money is used to settle contractual obligations (Davidson, 1972). That is, money is used to settle debt.
Since the correlative of debt is credit, money is thus credit (Innes, 1913, 1914). Credit and debt express a legal relationship between two opposing sides of exchange. In the Nigerian historical economy, money things like brass rods, cowries and gold were used to designate credit and debt. As instruments on their own, they were not money. This explains why people use cowry shells for ornaments, jewellery and hair accessories, and people melted the British coins to make jewellery. The contractual obligations these money instruments could fulfill were what made them demanded as money and not the money things. Therefore, money has always been credit in the Nigerian economy. However, with the different kinds of money things in place over the years, money has meant different things to different people based on various factors such as culture, experiences, the society, and the sources of the money. As a result, we have to review different approaches of money in order to understand the effects of income targeted policies and other kinds of monetary policies in the Nigerian society.
Zelizer (1989) provides a reductive definition of money as “the ultimate objectifier, homogenizing all qualitative distinctions into an abstract quantity.”Another definition of money is gotten from Simmel (1978 [1900]). He defined it as “the reduction of quality to quantity”.These definitions view money as an object that puts a numerical value to quality. More definitions of money can be seen in Parsons (1967) where it is as a “symbolically generalized media of communication associated with the economic subsystem of society.” This means that outside this system, money does not have any meaning. In the case of colonial Nigeria, outside the colonial economic systems, these coins were just things that could be converted to jewellery to show a person’s social class.
Over the years, the Nigeria economy, just like the global economy, has experienced various types of crises that have affected people, institutions and the aggregate economy. The COVID-19 pandemic is the most recent crisis to rock the Nigerian economy. This has heightened the role of money and the Central Bank of Nigeria in alleviating the effects of these crises. However, an interdisciplinary understanding of money is needed in order to analyze the effects central bank policies adopted and their efficiency.
In sociology
The purpose of sociology is to provide scientific training to those who will manage society. Managing a complex interwoven society would lead to multiple contractual obligations that need to be met. Hence, money is important in this discipline. So, it provides different meanings, types and uses of money. In sociology, money is defined based on how it is gotten and how it is used. A child’s allowance is different from money worked for and received as a wage, and lottery earnings are different from salaries. The value of money is dependent on how it is gotten (Zelizer, 1994). To the sociologist, not all forms of a particular currency such as dollars, pounds or naira are equal. A naira in the hands of the rich is different from a naira in the hands of the poor. This is very similar to a bonus point to a student who has 89% versus a student who has 91%. The level of need varies and as a result, it influences the value placed on money. Understanding this is necessary for understanding policy issues and the target recipients of the policies. This includes issues such as the debates on bailouts during a crisis such as the kind of response a government should take, how much of bailouts is enough and who should get the bailouts (Schwarcz, 2017; Wray, 2012).
Then, Zelizer (1989) makes a distinction between domestic money and market money. Domestic money refers to money in a home or family setting such as allowances for wives and children, while market money is used to represent wages and salary determined from exchange, value and account keeping. Domestic money can be akin to the household money that is not needed to pay taxes (Bell, 2001). Therefore, the difference between domestic money and market money is that the latter is taxable. Money is much more than the dollar bills in circulation hence non-market money exists. It allows for the existence of money outside the market system, and cultural and social factors (Zelizer, 1989).
Also, money is viewed as power and thus a symbolism for attitudes (Parsons and Smelser, 1956). Here, the more money a person has, the more power they wield or the more confidence it gives such a person in society. A person’s income level puts that person in a particular social class. In a Nigerian context, having a lot of money makes a person to become a “big man/woman”, which means there are certain doors that are closed to the average citizen that he or she can enter. It also affords them the opportunity to pass through so many societal hoops and red tapes. Money therefore interacts with power and bureaucracy (Mandel, 1992). This in turn influences a person’s role and stance in society. Furthermore, sociologists believe that money goes beyond coins and bank notes and that there are substitutes to money. This can be seen in the view of social status as a substitute to money (Coleman, 1990). In this case, a person’s social status can be used as a means of payment. A country club may accept a member without payment based on the prestige the said person brings with membership and the potential members that will join just to be associated with this member. In the Nigerian setting, this is called “exposure”. A musician can perform at the event of a popular person because he/she knows there would be other successful potential clients. In fact, it is not uncommon to see celebrities offer “social media exposure” as a sort of payment for services in Nigeria. Social status can also be used as a collateral for bank loans so much so that in the cases of a default, the bank has no collateral to seize and has to find more creative loans for loan repayment such as bank employees going to protest non-payments of loans in the houses of a Nigerian senator.
More so, money is important to society in that it acts as a medium in the creation of social ties between people. Money is a structure of social and personal relations (Ingham, 1996, 2004). It is a source of creating relationships and as such goes beyond the impersonal function of quantification. Some of these relationships include relationships between people of the same social class, and individuals within a capital and credit group like the ajo and isusu/esusu group. The Yoruba (a Nigerian language) saying, “olowo l’on se ore olowo”, directly translated as “the wealthy are friends with other wealthy people” comes to play here. A person’s financial level determines the kind of friends they have and as a result, the kind of connections and opportunities available to them. It determines the societal clubs people belong to and to a large extent, sets an economic and class trajectory for their lives. Since societies are made up of a group of inter-connected people with different levels and experiences, the perspectives of money in the society differs based on these.
Cultural versus structural perspectives of money
A cultural perspective of money lies on the premise that culture determines what money is, how money is used and what is used as money. Culture is the way of life of a people that is usually passed down from generation to generation. Hofstede (1984) defines culture as “the collective programming of the mind which distinguishes the members of one group or society from those of another.” Money as an institution is an accepted way of life of people that is dependent on culture in society. It is a socially inherited habit and thing that people are programmed to accept. Children learn about money by seeing their parents and families use it. Another aspect of the culture of money has to do with the pricing of goods and services in different cultures. While some countries, like Nigeria and the United Kingdom, have a culture of including taxes in the prices of goods before telling customers the final prices, Canada and the United States have a culture of including the taxes after the price has been given. So, anyone coming from any of the former countries into the latter would experience a culture shock in the pricing and would have to go through an adjustment period in understanding the culture of money in the new country.
For the culture of money to occur, it has to be accepted by all. The acceptability factor is dependent on it being a debt that other people are willing to accept, whether a large number of people in society or even a small number within a family. In the cowry currency era of Nigeria, people accepted these cowries because others were willing to accept it. Acceptance started within regions at different times and culturally spread around the area that geographically became Nigeria. The first region to use cowries was the eastern region. Here, cowries were used before the advent of the Portuguese in the sixteenth century (Basden 1921). The culture of cowry usage gradually spread to other regions. It spread through the Benin Empire in the sixteenth century (Egharevba, 1968) till it got to the western region in the seventeenth century (Akinjogbin and Osoba, 1980).
Also, culture has a large influence on money through social constructs such as gender and race (Acker, 2006). Since institutions in society are intertwined, we see a situation where cultural influences on gender, and race, influence cultural influences and stances on money. This explains the differences between domestic and market money based on cultural gender roles. The idea is gotten from and also explains the different views of money that lead to the disparity between what men and women who work outside the home earn. In the patriarchal Nigerian system, the gender power structure culturally views the married woman’s wages as domestic and is used to settle domestic needs in the family such as food. On the other hand, the man’s salary is used as market money for things like rents and mortgages (Zelizer, 1989). This actually fuels gender wage discrimination, as women are paid less because the cultural belief is that their needs are lesser and minor. So, women earn lower wages even though they work in comparable positions with the men and they have the same level of human capital as the men (Baker and Jimerson, 1992).
From a structural perspective, money is seen as a tracer of social relationships (Baker and Jimerson, 1992). Relationships such as those between traders and customers, institutions like banks and clients, and employers and employees are formed through money. So, money like many other societal institutions, constructs interactions. Ganssmann (1988) talks about money being used as a weapon of social oppression to produce and reproduce relations of social and economic domination. One of the first steps of domination through colonialism was the introduction of British currency. This led to domination of Nigerians. The Nigerian economy went from being a majorly food crop economy in the pre-colonial era to a cash crop economy for the colonialists (Shokpeka and Nwaokocha, 2009). The capitalist system introduced made farmers value money over production for feeding, thereby empowering the colonialist the more since it was their currency being used in the colonies.
In a similar manner, one of the early steps processes of breaking free from colonialism was the creation of the Nigerian Central Bank (CBN). This was done in 1959 before independence in 1960. With the CBN in place, Nigeria was able to create her own money, the naira and kobo, and then pursue economic independence from colonial rule. Therefore, owning her own credit unit allowed Nigeria to have an avenue for creating a new structure in her independence.
Micro level versus macro level perspectives of money
The macro level perspective of money is built upon the beliefs and attitude towards money from an aggregated point of view. It has to do with the government determining the regulatory context of exchange through legal and political mechanisms. In studying the rise and fall of the British pound from A.D. 760 to 1970, Wisher (1970) makes a macro level money argument that the value of a nation’s currency depicts the collective views of the nation’s capabilities. It goes to show that a country’s monetary value also depends on people’s beliefs, attitudes and perspectives on the power and capability of that country. This view explains the reluctance of the Nigerian economy in letting go of the British sterling till 1973. It took thirteen years post-independence for the people to finally gain confidence in the nation’s capabilities and embrace the naira and kobo.
On the other hand, the micro level perspective of money is based on the interpersonal level. It views money as an “object of interpersonal relationships, such as communication and exchange”. This has to do with the influence of individuals on the value of money. It is based on individuals’ values, attitudes and beliefs and how these influence their behavior with respect to money (Coleman, 1990; Baker and Jimmerson, 1992). Here, the individual, isolated situation and context determined the value of money. The value of money is not the same for every individual. A $100 bill in the hands of a poor person who lacks basic needs such as food and clothing is different from the same bill in the hands of a wealthy person who has luxury goods.
However, whether based on cultural acceptance or individual needs, money, though perceived in different ways, has still been used as credit. It may be used to meet immediate needs, signify social status, create social ties, dominate a group of people or change the structure of society and the economy. In all the scenarios, regardless of the money thing in use, money signifies the ability to pay debt and is therefore credit.
In anthropology
The field of anthropology provides symbolic meanings of money with regard to primitive money (Dalton, 1967; Hogendorn and Johnson, 1986). It goes into the history of money and defines it based on its purchasing power and forms a perspective of money that is in between the sociological and economical views. In this field, money is not just from the state but also from people and their accumulated customs (Miller, 1931 {1816}). It addresses money from the purchasing power angle; thus, showing that primitive valuables such as cowries, brass rods and manillas are also money. This is because they could be exchanged for goods and services (Mauss, 1990 {1925}; Egharevba, 1968; Latham 1971). Anthropology approaches money first from a medium of exchange point of view before a unit of account and store of value point of view.
From the angle of customs, communities over the years operate through shared implicit rules that have been passed down from generation to generation (Hart, 2005). As the years go by, what money is to a person is based on the customs that have been passed down. Unless a sharp exogenous change occurs, such as a government issuing fiat money or the colonialist insisting on the use of British sterling through law, the money passed down through customs is used. This in turn explains why it took fourteen years post-independence for the British money to stop being used in the Nigerian economy. People accepted the sterling because they were accustomed to it and knew others would accept it from them for exchange.
Regardless of the customary approach to money, it is still credit used to settle debt. Also, what drives the demand for money is its general acceptance, which in anthropology is passed down through customs. Even though the quality of the debt may change overtime, based on the value placed on it, what actually changes the money thing are exogenous shocks such the introduction of trading partners like the Portuguese traders in Nigeria, colonialism or governmental decrees. An example is the introduction of the naira and kobo into the Nigerian economy on the 1st of January, 1973, which replaced the pound. This exogenous decree happened in the military rule of General Yakubu Gowon and this ushered in a new kind of custom of money away from the pounds.
In philosophy and psychology
Psychologically and philosophically, money is defined based on people’s mental view of money. Here, people view money based on how they receive it or perceive it. A bribe is different from a donation and a bonus is different from a wage even if it is in the same amount and as thus viewed as different kinds of money (Thaler, 1985; Kahneman and Tversky, 1982; Lea et al., 1987). In this view, the subject of the value of money is raised as our perceived notion of money determines how much we value it. Simmel, in his 1900 book The Philosophy of Money, attaches sacrifice to his theory of monetary value. To him, whatever we get without painstaking is worthless. This means that in order to place value on money, we have to suffer pain in getting it. Thus, this distinguishes monies based on gifts like donations and lotteries and those gotten through hard work like wages.
Overall, we can define money harmoniously as a demand-induced tracer of relationships used in exchange, which receives its value from sacrifice and labour (Baker and Jimerson, 1992, Bitrus, 2011; Simmel, 1900; Lerner, 1947; Wray, 1990). This means that money is dependent on acceptability, how it is gotten and the relationships surrounding it. Thus, its effectiveness in development will be dependent on its role in policies and its application.
The Federal Republic of Nigeria is located in West Africa. According to the 2019 World Bank Database, she has an estimated population size of 201 million and she is the most populous country in Africa and the seventh most populous country in the world. The major contributors to the Nigerian economy are the oil and agriculture sector. For a country so rich in natural and human resources, Nigeria provides a paradox because the people are poor (Nwaobi, 2003). According to the 2019 “Poverty and Inequality in Nigeria” report by the National Bureau of Statistics states that about 40 percent of the total population in Nigeria, which is about 83 million people, live below the country’s poverty line of 137,430 naira (333.45USD) per year. Many of these people depend on working every day for their daily bread (Parkinson and Faucon, 2020; Soludo, 2020). As people value money received from labour, it is not uncommon to see people work every day to survive.
The year 2020 ushered in a twin crash that affected the oil-producing Nigerian economy – oil crash and COVID-19. Due to influences on both demand and supply, the global oil market experienced a surplus supply of oil, which led to a fall in oil prices in March 2020 just before the WHO announced the COVID-19 global pandemic (Apergis and Apergis, 2020). This was followed by a fall in demand due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This pandemic ushered in an economic crisis that is not unlike other crises like the 2007/8 Global Financial Crisis. Crises like these lead to higher poverty levels for households and a downward spiral for the aggregate economy (Skoufias, 2003). In an economy where about 40 percent live below the country’s poverty line, which is an already low bar of less than a dollar a day, a twin-crises such as this pose disastrous effects on the lives of millions of people in a vulnerable society. The COVID-19 global preventive measures of border closures and ‘stay at home’ orders proved rather difficult for a “daily bread” hand-to-mouth member of the economy. It became a choice between corona virus and hunger virus, which has been termed “suicidal” (Soludo 2020). Then, with a population of about 201 million people in a land area of 923,773 square kilometers, the social distancing measures become impractical in a lot of parts in Nigeria.
In response, the Nigerian government and private organizations provided “palliatives” that included food stuffs for citizens in order to encourage the lockdown measures. However, without credible demographic data and proper national identifications numbers, the palliatives are only cosmetic. They did not get to the vulnerable part of the economy that needed them and a lot of the palliatives were hijacked by people of influence (Eranga, 2020). This is not surprising as research has shown that aid has made no significant change in poverty reduction in Nigeria because of issues of corruption, poor policy implementation, poor governance and the risk of dependence on aid (Ugwuanyi et al., 2017; Ibietan et al., 2014). Poor people want pay and not handouts so there has to be more effective means of poverty alleviation.
Employer of last resort (ELR) as an alternative to aid
The Yoruba people of South-western Nigeria have a saying, “ma fun mi n’isu, fun mi l’oko ki o ko mi lati gbin isu”. This literally translates to “do not give me yams, give me a farm and teach me how to plant yams”. What this proverb means is that once a person puts in the work, they will get the result and hardwork is more reliable than aid. The Yoruba people have been historically known to be farmers and over the years, have placed more value on the proceeds from their individual farms (Akintoye, 2010). The Nigerian culture values labour and training over aid and palliatives. Money gotten from hard work is more valuable than money gotten through aid. There is a general belief that nothing goes for nothings and so aid leads to mismanagement and a societal fear of what a person has to give in return. As a result, policy responses for development in Nigeria should be centered around employment.
The problem in Nigeria is not a lack of human and natural resources but a lack of effective mobilization of these resources. Since money makes a difference between when it is gotten through paid labour and when it is freely received, investment strategies for development should encourage real capital investment and employment creation as wages gotten through work are valued, for the dignity in labor. The demand for money in Nigeria has been primarily determined by income (Bitrus, 2011) because value is placed on money that was gotten through hard work based on interpersonal relationships tied to the exchange of goods and services. This means that policies designed for the people in developing Nigeria have to primarily target income levels. After years of unsuccessful international and domestic aid systems in Nigeria (Eranga, 2020; Ugwuanyi et al., 2017), an employment-oriented system is ideal for a developing country like Nigeria. A development strategy for Nigeria would require a proper mobilization of unemployed labour resources through an employer of last resort program (Kregel, 2009). The Employer of Last Resort program is a program where the government employs those willing and able to work (Tcherneva, 2012). The goal is to encourage aggregate demand in the economy (Keynes, 1936). Monetary and fiscal policies would be geared towards expansionary programs that will encourage job creation, not just palliatives and short term donations. These programs will intersect with other programs such as environmental sustainability (Murray and Forstater, 2013). Overall, it creates employment in a society that values money gotten through employment.
|
||||||
9206
|
dbpedia
|
3
| 56
|
http://www.liganda.ch/ligmohi/NG_langmon.html
|
en
|
Monetary History
|
[] |
[] |
[] |
[
"Money",
"Currency",
"Linguistics",
"Geld",
"Währung",
"Linguistik"
] | null |
[] | null | null |
Geography & Politics
ENG
Nigeria
HAU
Nijeriya
IBO
NaìjÃrÃyÃ
YOR
Nà ìjÃrÃÃ
Epochs
ENG
Lagos Colony and Protectorate
ENG
Bight of Biafra (Bight of Benin) Protectorate
ENG
Oil Rivers Protectorate
ENG
Niger Coast Protectorate
ENG
Southern Nigeria Colony and Protectorate
ENG
Niger Rivers District
ENG
Northern Nigeria Protectorate
ENG
Federation of Nigeria
ENG
Federal Republic of Nigeria
HAU
Jamhuriyar Taraiyar Nijeriya
IBO
NjÃkötá ÃchÃchìiwù NaÃjÃrÃÃ
YOR
OrÃlẹÌ-èdè Olómìnira Ãpapá»Ì iláº¹Ì Nà ìjÃrÃÃ
Currencies
ENG
Nigerian Pound
ENG
Nigerian Naira
Units
ENG
Kobo (= 1/100 Naira)
ENG
Penny (= 1/240 Pound)
ENG
Shilling (= 1/20 Pound)
|
||||||||
9206
|
dbpedia
|
0
| 54
|
https://www.facebook.com/photo.php%3Ffbid%3D366172402180069%26id%3D100063619364681%26set%3Da.170701265060518
|
en
|
Facebook
|
https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/rsrc.php/yv/r/B8BxsscfVBr.ico
|
https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/rsrc.php/yv/r/B8BxsscfVBr.ico
|
[
"https://facebook.com/security/hsts-pixel.gif?c=3.2"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null |
Sieh dir auf Facebook Beiträge, Fotos und vieles mehr an.
|
de
|
https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/rsrc.php/yv/r/B8BxsscfVBr.ico
|
https://www.facebook.com/login/
| ||||
9206
|
dbpedia
|
3
| 17
|
https://sites.google.com/site/firstnigerian/home/pre-independence
|
en
|
firstnigerian
|
https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/5E7S-hgyc-Lb0wp5aSUUgFgWDCy3MkUoyntGIZaLIzsRz19FGszjQ7RWMcoSAq28VRsFfAJU05Czrdd2SKH3PqQVknCKq1cuUq2-8oYPSbmTxFHq=w1280
|
https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/5E7S-hgyc-Lb0wp5aSUUgFgWDCy3MkUoyntGIZaLIzsRz19FGszjQ7RWMcoSAq28VRsFfAJU05Czrdd2SKH3PqQVknCKq1cuUq2-8oYPSbmTxFHq=w1280
|
[
"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/5E7S-hgyc-Lb0wp5aSUUgFgWDCy3MkUoyntGIZaLIzsRz19FGszjQ7RWMcoSAq28VRsFfAJU05Czrdd2SKH3PqQVknCKq1cuUq2-8oYPSbmTxFHq=w1280",
"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/1pN3fE4myCrUSs-ynOV0m_ciDpqoH-gGh1jV4AsXiRoi49ZtX8b1pEo1JnynyvUi2dDZPJ7LA3Ohv4zqAdOipTE8qwaXBH34CXxFm0FOc2alWCvR=w1280",
"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/w-RqHfaBe-Z8LMEL_rZuMmQLMuey8sKpNDy32izZhN6J8m3fa9qiEprfW85BuSBLQ-Xf6kZFdqRWlfBCFLeTkDRSt8FqcIp0kWWHaHk4qmSfbqNZ=w1280",
"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/cLz5GCBgLQ2Mgg7eiY0-z-Z02PQnOepkxJw9z7Bra5ryDjzb6OFlV2n9_X_Kpk3VPEwkR_CC1o6By1Ko50-lnE-CWLyl4DnqtoarqkIg7wFHRCM_=w1280",
"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/C7Ve1rZQGUuUiO40ao5QzhbI44hLZfnhfO0xJT54mGonkXtMrAdTr2IAtjP8A73glK3tpmyFod-kY9MlLZ4dPrR1qxmbAeT5iLivcBuCEmttuDa0=w1280",
"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/Gex_-6AUUTHv1GGqYoKc2XLcDe_QjAoear9C5ojVouvf2X9L8nPS0dXajEwxSx77Cfzg1rT79OnYCsbcfqL2Xa9u5nHUe74LDYY4lCC7lCaBRo7z=w1280",
"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/c8U0mGdwF7sgeeSsQRMCx3bBdKVrvqU0RQGKiyV9qjlYZ_a1rsBXpwEBdy65yebsCX5fUcp5ViccYfhPkteiUifHDZcUFCUba9TpTL_cGrfG5Go-=w1280",
"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/552gkBI5RRRdMwWMkoAzrp7Ni4oDJ1sVLRFoGMavMPVV1iDM49JJ4lnNi98EnqrokJ3Wtx4at9UXuhJ4xyUWq9X0uyCmFEnI21VWMN4DOotRAj9Q=w1280",
"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/9ZfAumEmTYAc137SaGwSxglkTQWU0wndqrBI_SGF_ub_u9oswi3U_6QLxFJUdQpELpgH2Q=w1280",
"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/kle4v_2ySEFCtgwJWnQ9pilnL1oNMIC9fsRbmxFGC6W7YAswS-DdJfgaSv0bN2zZQ8PzXg=w1280",
"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/NIg0qOGpxhhhI_Mi99vHlGJ9K2Bz8w3jcndDC1jHSE_xRp6yJBys12ezlYx-g-DcryAwfPvC-i5GA20yUHJvw84pK8dxYGxeiIuB02Oq0ba0fQph=w1280",
"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/amNMfsj5OzjyM_rnO9USBBP8JzYf6fLhQEBAIuknoYFt1MIJz3GjwFJkygjdoP3zOnVBSQ=w1280",
"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/Erw5DLygIul702Rdn__IBSd7S77GIxizE869sLx5qb2rODvG9TJZjzWF-VedB3ua8EG-_My9EMtP8NxPT4LdSBhxyZvIaxzNhVI20qQnQmFU2qyS=w1280",
"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/vEAlQYK2ko5P7Z2ZoN__sbI-IeqG07Fq37FZ5Qf4vBnanwN3MHG5mhPDUOs-sdK221NtYbC4IX4ZU8SfjaML-Tr_h6G3Z8iX2lHdAzuSvw4KMUDq=w1280",
"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/uySxpcEkiBbXgoxPIeG-nu70j_epjB2_A7ixARMBf3QQZpp1mERVfXC9sgbZWtuPiyCvNw=w1280",
"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/DUm1aXNfoEt5B7K7p_h8WtObinkms6LLLeuSzUqHN-c0a6Zz9GXH90psGcAtdEEgr5lqSA=w1280",
"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/ZCdepmgB2yBwLlkkuP3JyklbyPmjHNtKLDE8xWVDcYhmVn5NMaJfZrKOqOSiggMpBMKnuw=w1280",
"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/E5i3SgKOiwJevP4vk-zDlRWBjWe7on3YVQrWc9iPo9xQKeIKAMW1gMsizDNunD-_2GK6gaLLFjCMt3MbMW6WKrPwV295TbroyIFD217Hsew2j5zX=w1280",
"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/TAkTasPnFGXcf3UBA8MtWSewLc6hs183BIWzsaczuW_G5vP8q7fapXG2zB6Tw-mYsIFEuaSGBHJJgE0eIXqQcEQBVvZY_iyr3iNVQFzNZKgVVrla=w1280",
"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/SXJ3c-aWiRFfLt94NmcHCsdifAJlKEO4BZm7Xg9hayPn13PX_wIA8vB1lmdvm7R28g37yw=w1280",
"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/mMZ_LDNS0nI5600WocMIw8n3HmEiEcwyQm2z2bz8HjpcFTHht7Oom33kXUtGtQObregjkA=w1280",
"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/KHQFdUBB5OONInqFZ1303sBhZYnnxEw0Xx6FW8d9q-SMTHrMlvDzcQcEroLHBIdHqGkv7A=w1280",
"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/dn7KruLEtHFXeV-52u43Cg30CkmFzRDHVmOmo1buFpDL4eOgkxw20KFl4u1ijlTB1EWpIw=w1280",
"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/VEpsvSPhhtrWwVTF_7fLunWI5DZBJmTt2FpECAuD-kgArnAq-2gPM3NLGZ15dJWvue9yCMP4pH_su2LraHYlOF5bHStOH6sIYgq4T9cR4AZkRVId=w1280",
"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/2RZ-EirE1jgM_zmoEaMDXnxwh2c3k-VESuxJmIqfO1gxlvaXxQwQLMyFibssFBL08S5n-tLMi_zkJjTZ3PMxjt_MuoffpbzkLvouBcMDgoJ9EqWA=w1280",
"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/Rvgj1VVKe9Riy8h9E55zVYAP5B0tQJmrLdZdow4ZQ7SYYbJYxleXcS3dXIFJIz6fwxR-eQ=w1280",
"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/SCMaWV_FP1VoCLyJkZ0M0flq7ETZl4pGXEXDjsWmD9a6DcZ9NOtXGc_fqT8qALUMBj8WLA=w1280",
"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/tgZ6k4TaLxhyN9pK--GZR6chG6Fi2qtUMJa66gWu549NYDsmLHcKwIOINKtBVvj-DaiOe6b1pns94bbd0YIQPfjaMgYaJwuDxb1wFUHc2wFxzrOx=w1280",
"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/X-8o40t13rMdtukhY5c227SXg_8i54RlwBMXNJiyH8czF_EHA9FjaQ7xC3Xj6nT156EK6XsFrlDKGRAVLA08-Wgb8Ag84gbwVrPGYzBJlIOo1iYS=w1280",
"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/5wg8EuRTPhjLVPupytKFhJaUw_6DbunXhZME_kMjmoTIOXGF2JUHaToPm33Psre-FurP0UXdo1uYqLd1z-P4rK1TH1J8fWoWMeUAnd6XBGaVXM7g=w1280",
"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/NXYNTmdQ1D5HS7qlWlQhk6wDBVr-JMEfNLmloQnghVyGUDGVtNse1e-05DBU5sSLC8t-FDiS6BPCIbD8_s_dAiWYsXdMJVrQ8LRXaQGExOnyqr-X=w1280",
"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/joR5tmGp0SYe50KghL06pD0ih-KSqKAF7FlsyO6V3AtQXrFdwiGCiTVfQEiAYl2M9Ka_c7lOTTAYvCgt-FaZFtFK_en9GmadbfUp-FPy3wAcArdK=w1280",
"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/kQAU7hASrd4mtM6NfuMJy_qp7I5x7sVb4biTfuh3EQLdm5FL7w0l5SJNZ5mZW1ryArwYwA=w1280",
"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/qmtkX3EjvowYOVosjjZNfYmcsICqbMsp5ltSQ6b_z87f2FMGQBnh-Yt7rojhFhlCoNv0NQ=w1280",
"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/TbVvWJ0HdgtQll2FqAQ9_OuJBuoApoarlZm9dZrAn916AJAjKUU8CymmBxcdM9yppq-F1w=w1280",
"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/ugGYKp_UQM9QdL86fJHkjmyhAeBnbBrf3VjfS_qBSrbw-351nOEh3UYvKXMLcu3_aSS1qWJK7KzFG7zlpG5xKmIaSpI0Lztmvm7Pt8YJZIVHf-X0=w1280",
"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/Jia1zu3egWjjJVKKdbxxG4juxu0xBu0oDDrJnE-ctFTt5vB2j28nr0yaI0io_31jKib9hLhk7GqTa0FwwbP8HSYtOdbPEAduUNjBrVhFsPXeH6BQ=w1280",
"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/7aE-8WML9j3lf8hqrO4s4OFFLPefRMCgKFV6AGChTmvsXserfHYDPIRg6yF8GGpg1mMwzenlPC1GacZ_3m-836rpNMnRyDPx3DPdlv98SeeFag5A=w1280",
"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/f_JS_bDMAR_Bm_oqCevYNoEMj8QCSSDEUk-pyV_6zg6HKFURAQkr6bct7SO1ADRQy_oFTFQQeVbZtqY1klMNCYfS1t9ydSj69dPXG5zzOoH-Mk5o=w1280",
"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/J4vjZZ44Frp2dk-8Zgs30yZEt1i2O7qS_8EubQLKc8uuzwvexf5HBgc7KDXvQm-3r02kS_2P6ovj0hd0D-PfPmjMjv9MhDWwpEc2XPq07U5sQZmM=w1280",
"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/uIhgeGE9dJWcl5xHH_DUb52mZV2sup4cNCLUAUSobck8WTRn77kMtCevZ8Ha8UWDCg2pZA=w1280",
"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/zdPEwN2J_jd7e_xWyCemrbBZKBHuoW5d5_7LV2oNcimdjmJyx2gPR4tTfj1Xb9QRCGn1Ww=w1280",
"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/kE8RxesGUPUwZZxopqXhPeP03jC_Ivpnj0Rhmk47frrrZ920wwm_JNR7qVvhLTaBGX3lCBEXiGTAu8RsXSaHw346-7iuaWob2ZdukOS-qZ34E-5X=w1280",
"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/jFcT22lVrBxofeovmhbuQR31Jwo9l0VxaqMOsh9QG9BJ28MIycMFeYPw3GzYqMcPbB94gafnbYtlQQ_PFs8b9XipRccfvpyZlZH1sdfNYKbR_JVe=w1280",
"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/dg1U2OLHumqS84tJGpBDsU7uu1iz4QkqJhfVQV9xvdkDX0yMuEXKLXhfCU4ql_Ge3e9JW7iQW-MBjmcFEY2804eSuqdalk6HLRgcFL2SA2jM-KCb=w1280",
"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/ri7O94je-DZ7IINOnk745BFvrkbk-f_XHSq73_hpahupAg1j2zmjpO9i0KAoJmPTnCkGm6a6MFrCZHRlzsBGN65bIMdFdGZ8kVlG-or1e_nkP01s=w1280",
"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/c_7ziBrf__HrV7dc-2KBz8wATsCGSmLHf29ssmpfp-fcJ1RZ5Hid2IO5DKbqRpIjwW-Yn7WhA5beobWjVBmo8UJNdgnCxtYXDC2fxaPKugBNULnI=w1280",
"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/5pEBmNOX_sII8PXUM4c8BRSxhw9l3b7YKFQ5vKCmRtLDtTnF2eu9XkSCpd1zF9_NdECu2w=w1280",
"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/dBe4a-Boin-8xfN0gKyj-2nFECID5rYCKNGb9zti5Ih0WfQICHCGcpxKPxhmaaRTNQlN6l6YYTbxUkU2By5QvQc1a0rhdqgNJPZLc4Th84XQifNb=w1280",
"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/VFXa3mGmtPQ8jBnd2HsM7C0FQ6zB7DtFMz99koeKpRdnoPS9FF6RN2ljzqm4aM_D_nqiqg=w1280",
"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/K_emS0YVydtFLQtHNNg253QQUmJJTtYQyUyfGwTkdjU7xKlmVFnqmey1pV8HUzkaT5vNOg=w1280",
"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/VvPrLvdL9-ghWI1zQ7Xw24f1Nw0HfwG-2IanNVmgnoe3H7AFoKj8mscjE47wAGvi_Awio7yYF6LPBVeq83Y-XeTbqCoCGUCb4vcxCC4QzcYPvTLc=w1280",
"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/kyzk9x-sxclB8YAGrKxYPBS0FnpaPb6sZ7VhJESyL_lJP8M53IsXs7kUXhoRV5bSZfMoSg=w1280",
"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/UDr5v523q5qDa0TUjzzu3Lhrm-nSdAnlfmssJS8_Z4nBPQHZlpVVPIu-7cQTDB5L4KxTGg=w1280",
"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/tjofLBIEJGDoJqCwo8aeYch1sEDoh8fmj0ebGjiSF9wwIFQmHaGqsPlh0Y35-HxdnYpsfg=w1280",
"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/d6n-WOL91YFjygG5JNBJTpKTv_zZz_ESVYoHZZ0ZSYyXNFflVZsZy8ze8dpNjRr1QMj3fw=w1280",
"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/RFxdXoxRlbw7czKXtuEHMK8o63Nd7bvnQQj09vo4B046Q03nNGkTbKrTopsm9vJ7h4J56Q=w1280",
"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/0kHO1H0RjOp9N05GmOjpCITZfkwRpzAETOVfH1vzbyRyohrjoDQvVK6UrSa9F_ovEk-AGw=w1280",
"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/T25zGyeracYAoarfIeHWbvPTiBPyx7Nkn50vlw3hYbtzVly9QvgV9ijFfGbZeQ0pnbxzsw=w1280",
"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/9v2T8gutFIPf24CUYZrm_MQLfp5ODIXC9qfFugKcq7fYUOeJK76faou38Zyi0VZ5unbfz2fHiPF-MC-eik9mgRMKSW2cZaLnpeYPrfBf2IB__zPo=w1280",
"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/M2goR4w9zxdNe8oPfpPZV__mmhDliqN6JdoRS2q0QyoggwysEaw5bbJ640pHfE7XtbTMxw=w1280",
"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-3Ompyg3a3CdzWNv-4YIeWKDyEQ8WwqLWMttyN9TMxE-cmcGXeiiHBbfczgJGtIdqaNH-Q=w1280",
"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/SQHNb5RcbF-uu_2GhIiPrLb6_eqI--oxhfLQ2XSe3idxTdOZdO8aKTQHCGf43lvPBZsWePDE6Ve1HLDrBFMdl77we12I-YhK4KzAmws8UppOltoS=w1280",
"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/V5JFLkkqE3MDexWG4gT1kQ_hsC4dGhGgrvTA72-nFJtJ0T5zhR42sYUPvZtWwiUe0MC7fxmEWli8GoqXv1ymcK6eKRLjJLiFCtdufn9H4deLYv6q=w1280"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null |
First Vice-Governor of the Royal Niger Company (July 1886)
Sir George Dashwood Taubman Goldie (20 May 1846 – 20 August 1925) was a Manx administrator who played a major role in the founding of Nigeria.
He conceived the idea of adding to the British Empire the then little known regions of the
|
en
|
https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/oVMPDta-2sDEPVSGJwmb5GSBXuO2dy7enyg_Mlmkh0lr3yH4GUCGu3HrHX8DfFfTPqxJ5twz4yeqD5ET1aV-x5-tBkwS
|
https://sites.google.com/site/firstnigerian/home/pre-independence
|
First Vice-Governor of the Royal Niger Company (July 1886)
Sir George Dashwood Taubman Goldie (20 May 1846 – 20 August 1925) was a Manx administrator who played a major role in the founding of Nigeria.
He conceived the idea of adding to the British Empire the then little known regions of the lower and middle Niger, and for over twenty years his efforts were devoted to the realization of this conception. The method by which he determined to work was the revival of government by chartered companies within the empire, a method supposed to be buried with the British East India Company. The first step was to combine all British commercial interests in the Niger, and this he accomplished in 1879 when the United African Company was formed by successfully drawning together the three largest British firms operating on the Niger, Holland Jacques and Company, in which Goldie himself owned a controlling interest, Miller Brothers, and James Pinnock – to create the United African Company.
In 1881, Goldie sought a charter from Gladstone's government. Objections of various kinds were raised. To meet them the capital of the company (renamed the National African Company) was increased from £250,000 to £1,000,000 in 1882, amending its constitution to allow it greater leeway in attaining political rights of administration both from the British Government and from the local rulers with whom the company negotiated treaties, and as head of the National African Company, Goldie made the company by far the largest firm on the Niger.
At this time French traders, encouraged by Léon Gambetta, established themselves on the lower river, thus rendering it difficult for the company to obtain territorial rights; but the Frenchmen (three French companies) were bought out in 1884, so that at the Berlin Conference on West Africa in 1885, Goldie, present as an expert on matters relating to the river, was able to announce that on the lower Niger the British flag alone flew. Meantime the Niger coast line had been placed under British protection.
Through Joseph Thomson, David McIntosh, D. W. Sargent, J. Flint, William Wallace, E. Dangerfield and numerous other agents, over 400 political treaties drawn up by Goldie were made with the chiefs of the lower Niger and the Hausa states. The scruples of the British government being overcome, a charter was at length granted in July 1886 and the National African Company became the Royal Niger Company, with Henry Austin Bruce, 1st Baron Aberdare as governor and Goldie as vice-governor. In 1895, on Lord Aberdare's death, Goldie became governor of the company, whose destinies he had guided throughout. The Royal Charter gave the Royal Niger Company, the power to control the political administration and trade policies of any local territories with which it could gain legal treaties, provided that the company did not interfere in local religions, laws, or customs, except insofar as was necessary to discourage the practice of slavery. Under Goldie, the Royal Niger Company became a commercial empire of its own, crowding out both foreign and local trade in a bid to end competition on the Niger.
Despite the grant of a Royal Charter in 1886, the Royal Niger Company's mission and its potentialities failed to appeal to the general public; and even when in 1900 the Territory, with its area equal to that of Germany and the British Isles combined, was added to the Dependencies of the Empire, the new Protectorate was regarded with indifference and suspicion as a present burden and a probable source of future trouble.
It was, however, evidently impossible for a chartered company to hold its own against the state-supported protectorates of France and Germany, and in consequence, on 1 January 1900, the Royal Niger Company transferred its territories to the British government for the sum of £865,000. The ceded territory together with the small Niger Coast Protectorate, already under imperial control, was formed into the two protectorates of Northern and Southern Nigeria.
From the proceeds of the surrender of its (The Royal Niger Company's) charter to the British Government in 1900, the company were able to make a special distribution to its shareholders amounting to 145 per cent.
After several discoveries of Mineral wealth in the Norther Nigeria Protectorate, the dismal view on Nigeria as a colony was quickly overturned, with Lord Crewe declaring that:
"there is no part of the Empire about which higher hopes may properly be entertained than the Protectorate of Northern Nigeria"; and the Colonial Report, in emphatic corroboration of this optimistic opinion, asserted that "very few countries have witnessed such great changes for the better in such a short space of time, as has been the case with this Cinderella of the British Dominions".
This is in contrast to the view held by the British Government and its people within less than a century earlier when:
"The Niger", as Colonel Mockler-Ferryman tells us, "was absolutely tabooed; its name was mentioned only in whispers, and the British public regarded it as an unlucky, pestilential spot, out of which no good could ever come.'' It must be remembered, in explanation of this pessimistic attitude, that all attempts to explore Nigeria and open up commerce on the river had failed more or less completely; a great number of lives had been sacrificed in successive expeditions, and no practical good had been accomplished.
First Governor of the Royal Niger Company (July 1886)
Henry Austin Bruce, 1st Baron Aberdare GCB, PC, FRS
Henry Bruce was a British Liberal Party politician who served in government most notably as Home Secretary (1868–1873) and as Lord President of the Council.
Henry Bruce was 16 April 1815 born at Duffryn, Aberdare, Glamorganshire, the son of John Bruce, a Glamorganshire landowner, by his wife Sarah, daughter of Reverend Hugh Williams Austin. John Bruce's original family name was Knight, but on coming of age in 1805 he assumed the name of Bruce: his mother, through whom he inherited the Duffryn estate, was the daughter of William Bruce, High Sheriff of Glamorganshire.
Henry Bruce married firstly Annabella, daughter of Richard Beadon, in 1846. They had one son and three daughters. After her death in July 1852 he married secondly Norah Creina Blanche, daughter of Sir William Napier, the historian of the Peninsular War, whose biography he edited. They had seven daughters and two sons, of whom the youngest was the mountaineer Charles Granville Bruce. Their daughter, Sarah was married to Montague Muir Mackenzie, barrister.
Lord Aberdare died in London on 25 February 1895, aged 79, Henry Austin Bruce is buried at Aberffrwd Cemetery in Mountain Ash, Wales. He was succeeded in the barony by his only son from his first marriage, Henry. Lady Aberdare, born 1827, died in April 1897 and was a proponent of women's education and active in the establishment of Aberdare Hall in Cardiff.
Henry was educated at the Bishop Gore School, Swansea (Swansea Grammar School), and in 1837 was called to the bar. Shortly after he had begun to practice, the discovery of coal beneath the Duffryn and other Aberdare Valley estates brought his family great wealth.
In 1882 he began a connection with West Africa which lasted the rest of his life, by accepting the chairmanship of the National African Company, formed by Sir George Goldie, which in 1886 received a charter under the title of the Royal Niger Company and in 1899 was taken over by the British government, its territories being constituted the protectorate of Nigeria.
West African affairs, however, by no means exhausted Lord Aberdare's energies, and it was principally through his efforts that a charter was in 1894 obtained for the University College of South Wales and Monmouthshire,a constituent institution of the University of Wales now Cardiff University.
First High Commissioner of the British Southern Nigeria Protectorate (1900-1903):
Sir Ralph Moor
Sir Ralph Denham Rayment Moor KCMG, first high commissioner of the British Southern Nigeria Protectorate, born on 31 July 1860 at The Lodge, Furneux Pelham, Buntingford, Hertfordshire. He was the son of William Henry Moor (ca. 1830–ca. 1863) a surgeon and his wife Sarah Pears. Educated privately, and destined for business, he engaged in 1880–1 as a learner in the tea trade. On 26 October 1882 he entered the Royal Irish Constabulary as a cadet, and becoming in due course a district inspector resigned after involvement in a divorce case on 9 February 1891.
In March 1891 Moor took service under Sir Claude Maxwell MacDonald, the Consul-General of the Oil Rivers Protectorate, as Commandant of Constabulary in the protectorate. In July 1892 he was appointed by the Foreign Office vice-consul for the Oil Rivers district, and from 6 September 1892 to 15 February 1893 acted as commissioner. During January 1896 he served the office of consul, and on 1 February 1896, when the district was formed into the Niger Coast Protectorate, he was made commissioner and consul-general for the territory, and consul for the Cameroons and Fernando Po.
When in 1900 the protectorate passed from the Foreign Office to the Colonial Office, Moor became High Commissioner of Southern Nigeria and laid the foundations of the new administration, his health failing, he retired on pension on 1 October 1903. He then allied himself with Sir Alfred Lewis Jones; he gave valuable advice on West African affairs, and aided in the development of the British Cotton Growing Association. He also served on certain committees at the nomination of the secretary of state.
Moor became C.M.G. in 1895 and K.C.M.G. in 1897. He married in 1898 Adrienne Burns, née Shapland (born. circa. 1871). He was found dead in bed at his residence, the Homestead, Barnes, on 14 September 1909; having committed suicide by poison. He was buried at the new Barnes cemetery. The coroner's jury determined that "the poison was deliberately taken whilst temporarily insane after suffering acutely from insomnia", they had heard evidence that Moor had suffered for the last four years on his return from Africa with malarial and backwater fever that induced insomnia.
First Governor of the Colony and Protectorate of Southern Nigeria (1906-1912) and second High Commissioner of the Southern Nigeria Protectorate (1903-1906): Sir Walter Egerton
Egerton became Governor of Lagos Colony, covering most of the Yoruba lands in the southwest of what is now Nigeria, in 1903. The colonial office wanted to amalgamate the Lagos Colony with the protectorate of Southern Nigeria, and in August 1904 also appointed Egerton as High Commissioner for the Southern Nigeria Protectorate. He held both offices until 28 February 1906. On that date the two territories were formally united and Egerton was appointed Governor of the new Colony and Protectorate of Southern Nigeria, holding office until 1912. In the new Southern Nigeria, the old Lagos Colony became the Western Province, and the former Southern Nigerian Protectorate was split into a Central Province with capital at Warri and an Eastern Province with capital at Calabar.
In 1912, Egerton was replaced by Frederick Lugard, who was appointed Governor-General of both Southern and Northern Nigeria with the mandate to unite the two. Egerton was appointed Governor of British Guiana as his next posting, clearly a demotion, which may have been connected to his fights with the Colonial Office officials.
Southern Nigeria was a British protectorate in the coastal areas of modern-day Nigeria, formed in 1900 from union of the Niger Coast Protectorate with territories chartered by the Royal Niger Company below Lokoja on the Niger River.
The Niger Coast Protectorate was a British protectorate in the Oil Rivers area of present-day Nigeria, originally established as the Oil Rivers Protectorate in 1884 and confirmed at the Berlin Conference the following year, renamed on 12 May 1893, and merged with the chartered territories of the Royal Niger Company on 1 January 1900 to form the Southern Nigeria Protectorate.
The Lagos colony was added in 1906, and the territory was officially renamed the Colony and Protectorate of Southern Nigeria.
In 1914, Southern Nigeria was joined with Northern Nigeria Protectorate to form the single colony of Nigeria. The unification was done for economic reasons rather than political - Northern Nigeria Protectorate had a budget deficit; and the colonial administration sought to use the budget surpluses in Southern Nigeria to offset this deficit.
Nigeria’s First Governor General of the combined Protectorates of the Northern and Southern Colonies of Nigeria: Sir Frederick Lugard (1 January 1914 – 8 August 1919)
Frederick John Dealtry Lugard, 1st Baron Lugard GCMG, CB, DSO, PC (22 January 1858 – 11 April 1945), known as Sir Frederick Lugard between 1901 and 1928, was a British soldier, explorer of Africa and colonial administrator, who was Governor of Hong Kong (1907–1912) and Governor-General of Nigeria (1914–1919).
Lugard was born in Madras (now Chennai) in India, but was raised in Worcester, England. He was the son of the Reverend Frederick Grueber Lugard, a British Army Chaplain at Madras, and his third wife Mary Howard (1819–1865), the youngest daughter of Reverend John Garton Howard (1786–1862), a younger son of Yorkshire landed gentry from Thorne and Melbourne near Pocklington. Lugard was educated at Rossall School and the Royal Military College Sandhurst.
In May 1888, Lugard took command of an expedition organised by the British settlers in Nyasaland against Arab slave traders on Lake Nyasa and was severely wounded.
In August 1897, Lugard organised the West African Frontier Force, and commanded it until the end of December 1899, when the disputes with France were composed.
In 1903, British control over the whole protectorate was made possible by a successful campaign against the emir of Kano and the sultan of Sokoto. By the time Lugard resigned as commissioner, the entire Nigeria was being peacefully administered under the supervision of British residents. There were however uprisings that were brutally put down by Lugard's troops. A Mahdi rebellion in 1906 at the Satiru, a village near Sokoto resulted in the total destruction of the town with huge numbers of casualties.
After he relinquished command of the West African Frontier Force, Lugard was made the first High Commissioner of the Protectorate of Northern Nigeria in 1900, a position he held until 1906 and for which he was knighted in 1901. At that time, the portion of Northern Nigeria under effective control was small, and Lugard's task in organising this vast territory was made more difficult by the refusal of the sultan of Sokoto and many other Fula princes to fulfil their treaty obligations.
In 1912, Lugard returned to Nigeria as Governor of the two protectorates. His main mission was to complete the amalgamation into one colony. Although controversial in Lagos, where it was opposed by a large section of the political class and the media, the amalgamation did not arouse passion in the rest of the country. From 1914 to 1919, Lugard was made Governor General of the now combined Colony of Nigeria. Throughout his tenure, Lugard sought strenuously to secure the amelioration of the condition of the native people, among other means by the exclusion, wherever possible, of alcoholic liquors, and by the suppression of slave raiding and slavery.
Lugard, ably assisted by his wife Flora Shaw, concocted a legend which warped understanding of him, Nigeria, and colonialism for decades. The revenue that allowed state development (harbours, railways, hospitals) in Southern Nigeria came largely from taxes on imported alcohol. In Northern Nigeria that tax was absent and development projects far fewer. The Adubi War occurred during his governorship. In Northern Nigeria Lugard permitted slavery within traditional elite families. He loathed the educated and sophisticated Africans of the coastal regions, ran the country with 50% of each year spent in England (where he could promote himself and was distant from realities in Africa where subordinates had to delay decisions on many matters until he returned), and based his rule on a military system - unlike William MacGregor, a doctor turned governor, who mixed with all ranks of people and listened to what was wanted. Lugard, who opposed "native education" later became involved in Hong Kong University, and that Lugard who disliked traders and businessmen, became a director of a bank active in Nigeria are strange aspects of the man and the myth.
Lord Lugard married Flora Louisa, daughter of Major-General George Shaw, in 1902. She was a journalist and writer for The Times. There were no children from the marriage. Flora died in January 1929. Lord Lugard survived her by sixteen years and died on 11 April 1945, aged 87. As he was childless the barony died with him.
Lord Lugard is credited with this quote:
"the typical African ... is a happy, thriftless, excitable person, lacking in self control, discipline and foresight, naturally courageous, and naturally courteous and polite, full of personal vanity, with little sense of veracity ...in brief , the virtues and defects of this race-type are those of attractive children."
The first British Captain to reach the Bight of Benin: Captain Wyndham commanded an expedition which reached the Bight of Benin in 1553.
Wyndham, Thomas (d. 1554), naval officer and navigator, the only son of Sir Thomas Wyndham (d. 1522) of Felbrigg, Norfolk, and his second wife, Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Henry Wentworth of Nettlestead and widow of Sir Roger Darcy of Danbury, Essex, gentleman of the chamber to Henry VII.
In 1551 Wyndham became captain and part owner of the Lion of London, a substantial seagoing ship of 150 tons. A syndicate of speculators, which included Wyndham's nephew, the soldier Sir John Lutterell (d. 1551) of Somerset, and Sebastian Cabot's son-in-law, Henry Ostrich, hired him in 1551 to open direct commerce with Morocco. His success on the Lion led in the following year to his second expedition of three ships financed by prominent London merchants. This returned from Safi and Tenerife with a cargo of dates, almonds, sugar, and molasses. These voyages established the steady routine English trade with Barbary.
The next initiative, and the last of Wyndham's career, cost him his life. The captain became an investor and the commander of the first expedition to equatorial west Africa. Financed by several of the promoters of 1552, and assisted by Edward VI's government, the fleet consisted of the Primrose, a vessel of 300 tons leased from the crown, the Lion, and a royal pinnace, the Moon, also leased, with a total complement of approximately 160. Wyndham was assisted by a Portuguese lieutenant, Antonio Anes Pinteado, and a pilot, Francisco Rodriques. The commander began assembling the crews in April 1553. He had already secured permission to use the royal prerogatives of impressment and purveyance.
The death of the king on 6 July almost spelt disaster. At this time the Primrose was at Portsmouth preparing for sea. It, and Wyndham, may have become briefly involved in the efforts of Northumberland's regime to prepare a naval force, for the expedition was stayed in July by order of Queen Mary and on 25 July the new privy council summoned Wyndham and other politically compromised individuals to London. Wyndham's half-brother, Sir Thomas, Lord Darcy of Chiche (d. 1558), had been one of Northumberland's closest supporters; in July 1553 Wyndham lent Darcy £600 for unspecified purposes. However, on 30 July the expedition was given permission to depart; it sailed on 12 August. The route took the fleet by way of Madeira and the Cape Verde Islands to the River Sess on the Malagueta Coast to trade for pepper, then to the Gold Coast, and finally to Benin in the quest for gold and further pepper.
An unidentified fever decimated the party which had travelled upriver on the Moon to trade, and spread to the ships. With the death of Wyndham at the bight of Benin, and others, probably in February or early March of 1554, the expedition hastily departed for home. There were insufficient healthy sailors to bring back to England all three vessels, so the Lion was abandoned on the coast. The Primrose reached Plymouth in early August; the fate of the Moon is unknown. Fewer than forty individuals survived the voyage. The expedition may have made a profit for investors, but the deceased commander was blamed for mismanagement, disregarding the advice of Pinteado, and taking the fateful decision to abandon some merchants on the river.
His heirs were a son, Henry, and two daughters, one of whom, Margaret, later married Sir Andrew Luttrell of East Quantoxhead, Somerset. Wyndham's estate was in financial difficulty, and his residence, Marshwood Park, Somerset, was sold. His wife is not mentioned in his will and she can be presumed deceased; she has never been identified.
The first Westerner known to have travelled to the central portion of the Niger River: Mungo Park (11 September 1771 – 1806) was a Scottish explorer of the African continent. Mungo Park was born in Selkirkshire, Scotland, at Foulshiels on the Yarrow Water, near Selkirk, on a tenant farm which his father rented from the Duke of Buccleuch. He was the seventh in a family of thirteen. Although tenant farmers, the Parks were relatively well-off, they were able to pay for Park to have a good education, and Park's father died leaving property valued at £3,000 (UK£210,000 in 2014). The Parks were Dissenters, and Park was brought up in the Calvinist tradition.
He was educated at home before attending Selkirk grammar school, then, at the age of fourteen, he was apprenticed to a surgeon named Thomas Anderson in Selkirk. During his apprenticeship, Park made friends with Anderson's son Alexander and became acquainted with his daughter Allison, who would later become his wife.
In October 1788, Park enrolled at the University of Edinburgh, attending for four sessions studying medicine and botany. Notably, during his time at university, he spent a year in the natural history course of Professor John Walker. After completing his studies, he spent a summer in the Scottish Highlands, engaged in botanical fieldwork with his brother-in-law, James Dickson, a gardener and seed merchant in Covent Garden. In 1788 he and Sir Joseph Banks had founded the London Linnean Society.
In January 1793, Park completed his medical education by passing an oral examination at the Royal College of Surgeons of England in London. Through a recommendation by Banks, he then obtained the post of assistant surgeon on board the East Indiaman Worcester. In February 1793 the Worcester sailed to Benkulen in Sumatra. Before departing, Park wrote to his friend Alexander Anderson in terms that reflect his Calvinist upbringing
In 1794 Park offered his services to the African Association, then looking for a successor to Major Daniel Houghton, who had been sent in 1790 to discover the course of the Niger River and had died in the Sahara. Supported by Sir Joseph Banks, Park was selected.
On 21 June 1795, he reached the Gambia River and ascended it 200 miles to a British trading station named Pisania. On 2 December, accompanied by two local guides, he started for the unknown interior. He chose the route crossing the upper Senegal basin and through the semi-desert region of Kaarta. The journey was full of difficulties, and at Ludamar he was imprisoned by a Moorish chief for four months. On 1 July 1796, he escaped, alone and with nothing but his horse and a pocket compass, and on 21 July 1796 reached the long-sought Niger River at Ségou, being the first European to do so. He followed the river downstream 80 miles to Silla, where he was obliged to turn back, lacking the resources to go further.
On his return journey, begun on 30 July, he took a route more to the south than that originally followed, keeping close to the Niger as far as Bamako, thus tracing its course for some 300 miles. At Kamalia he fell ill, and owed his life to the kindness of a man in whose house he lived for seven months. Eventually he reached Pisania again on 10 June 1797, returning to Scotland by way of Antigua on 22 December. He had been thought dead, and his return home with news of the discovery of the Niger River evoked great public enthusiasm. An account of his journey was drawn up for the African Association by Bryan Edwards, and his own detailed narrative appeared in 1799.
Amadi Fatouma stated that Park's canoe had descended the river to Yauri, where he (Fatouma) landed. In this long journey of some 1,000 miles Park, who had plenty of provisions, stuck to his resolution of keeping aloof from the natives. Below Djenné, came Timbuktu, and at various other places the natives came out in canoes and attacked his boat. These attacks were all repulsed, Park and his party having plenty of firearms and ammunition and the natives having none. The boat also escaped the many perils attendant on navigating an unknown stream strewn with many rapids; Park had built the Joliba so that it drew only a foot of water.
But at the Bussa rapids, not far below Yauri, the boat struck on a rock and remained fast. On the bank were gathered hostile natives, who attacked the party with bow and arrow and throwing spears. Their position being untenable, Park, Martyn and the two remaining soldiers sprang into the river and were drowned. The sole survivor was one of the slaves, from whom was obtained the story of the final scene.
Isaaco, and later Lander, obtained some of Park's effects, but his journal was never recovered. In 1827 his second son, Thomas, landed on the Guinea coast, intending to make his way to Bussa, where he thought his father might be detained a prisoner; but after penetrating a little distance inland he died of fever. Park's widow Allison died in 1840. Mungo Park's remains are buried along the banks of the River Niger in Jebba Nigeria.
From the death of Mungo Park near Bussa in 1806 to the end of the century, there is continuing interest in Nigeria on the part of British explorers, anti-slavery activists, missionaries and traders.
In 1821 the British government sponsored an expedition south through the Sahara to reach the kingdom of Bornu. Its members became the first Europeans to reach Lake Chad, in 1823. One of the group, Hugh Clapperton, explores further west through Kano and the Hausa territory to reach Sokoto. Clapperton is only back in England for a few months, in 1825, before he sets off again for the Nigerian coast at Lagos.
On this expedition, with his servant Richard Lander, he travels on trade routes north from the coast to Kano and then west again to Sokoto. Here Clapperton dies. But Lander makes his way back to London, where he is commissioned by the government to explore the lower reaches of the Niger.
Accompanied in 1830 by his brother John, Lander makes his way north from the coast near Lagos to reach the great river at Bussa - the furthest point of Mungo Park's journey downstream. With considerable difficulty the brothers make a canoe trip downstream, among hostile Ibo tribesmen, to reach the sea at the Niger delta. This region has long been familiar to European traders, but its link to the interior is now charted. All seems set for serious trade.
The first white man to ascend the Niger to the confluence of the Benue: Macgregor Laird (1808 - 9th January 1861) was a Scottish merchant pioneer of British trade on the River Niger.
Laird was born at Greenock, the younger son of William Laird, founder of the Birkenhead firm of shipbuilders of that name. In 1831, Laird and certain Liverpool merchants formed a company for the commercial development of the Niger regions; the lower course of the Niger having been made known that year by Richard Lemon Lander and John Lander. In 1832, the company sent two small ships to the Niger, the Alburkah, a paddle-wheel steamer of fifty-five tons designed by Laird, the first iron vessel to make an ocean voyage. Laird went with the expedition, which was led by Richard Lander and forty-eight Europeans, all but nine of whom died from fever or, in the case of Lander, from wounds. Laird went up the Niger to the confluence of the Benue (then called the Shary or Tchadda), which he was the first white man to ascend. He did not go far up the river but formed an accurate idea as to its source and course.
The expedition returned to Liverpool in 1834. Laird and Surgeon R. A. K. Oldfield were the only surviving officers besides Captain (then Lieutenant) William Allen, who accompanied the expedition on the orders of the Admiralty to survey the river. In 1837, Laird and Oldfield published the Narrative of an Expedition into the Interior of Africa by the River Niger in 1832, 1833, 1834.
The expedition had been unsuccessful commercially, but Laird had gained experience invaluable to his successors. He never returned to Africa but instead devoted himself largely to the development of trade with West Africa and especially to the opening up of the countries then forming the British protectorates of Nigeria. One of his principal reasons for so doing was his belief that this method was the best means of stopping the slave trade and raising the social condition of the Africans.
In 1854, he set up, with the support of the British government, a small steamer, the Pleiad, which under W. B. Baikie made so successful a voyage that Laird induced the government to sign contracts for annual trading trips by steamers specially built for navigation of the Niger and Benue. Various stations were founded on the Niger, and though government support was withdrawn after the death of Laird and Baikie, British traders continued to frequent the river, which Laird had opened up with little or no personal advantage.
Laird's interests were not, however, wholly African. In 1837 he was one of the promoters of a company formed to run steamships between England and New York, and in 1838 the Sirius, sent out by this company, was the first ship to cross the Atlantic from Europe entirely under steam. Laird died in London in 1861.
British influence in Nigeria started in 1851 when the British Attacked Lagos in an attempt to force Kosoko (the King of Lagos) to abolish slave trade.
After more than 350 years of slave trading, the British decided that the slave trade was immoral and, in 1807, ordered it stopped. Many local leaders, however, continued to sell captives to illegal slave traders. This led to confrontations with the British Navy, which took on the responsibility of enforcing the slave embargo.
Oba Akintoye (reigned: 1841-1845 and 1851–1853) had been expelled by Madam Efunloye Tinubu and given the throne to Akintoye's nephew, Oba Kosoko in 1846. Akintoye sought help from Britain, petitioning J.Beecroft to regain his Kingdom on 6 January 1851; he defined his struggles against Oba Kosoko as one over the anti-slave trade and pro-English activities.
The refusal of the King of Lagos to stop the slave trade in his area forced Britain to attack Lagos, to try to stem the flow of slaves from the area and ultimately led to them taking over the administration of Lagos in 1861, exiling the reigning King, King Dosumu (making it Britain's first official colony in present day Nigeria). It was decided that Sierra Leone should become the seat of Government for all of the West African Dependencies of Great Britain, Lagos was administered with the rest of the British West African territories from 1866 to 1874, and with the Gold Coast from 1874 to 1886.
In 1886 a number of British Companies around the Niger amalgamated into the Royal Niger Company, and the charter of the new company gave it power ‘to administer, make treaties, levy customs duties and trade in all territories in the basin of the Niger and its affluents’, thus bringing the northern territories of the country under the influence of British traders.
In the same year (1886), the British Government proclaimed the Oil Rivers protectorate over the Niger Delta and established the Colony of Lagos. It was not until the Niger Coast protectorate came into existence in 1893 that there was any well organised government machinery. By 1897 the whole of Yoruba land had been annexed to the Colony of Lagos as its protectorate.
Imperialism began with designing anti-slave trade treaty which was to be signed by the African rulers. Whoever denied signing it will be dealt with. The Oba of Lagos, Kosoko was first approached to sign the treaty. Oba Kosoko viewed the treaty as an incursion on his land’s affairs and thus denied to sign it. The British started to plot against him and his supporters. In November 1851, John Beecroft tried to persuade Kosoko to sign but he failed in his mission. Afterwards, he ordered his accompanied four warships to fire Lagos. Kosoko and his men showed courage and fired back which claimed two officers‟ live and injured other sixteen people. (Ikime, 1977). This resistance and retaliation was seen as a disgrace to the British who retreated only to come back with full force to bombard Lagos on 26th December, 1851. Eventually, Kosoko was banished from Lagos. His rival to the throne, Akintoye was crowned and signed the treaty. Few months later, Lagos became a British colony. However, Kosoko who happened to be a Muslim and his followers re-established their religion and institution in Epe.
First Missionary to stop the killing of twins in Nigeria: Mary Slessor, she started in Calabar.
Mary Mitchell Slessor was a Scottish missionary to Nigeria. Her work and strong personality allowed her to be trusted and accepted by the locals while spreading Christianity and promoting women's rights.
She was born on December 2, 1848 in Gilcomston, close to Aberdeen, Scotland. She was the second of seven children of Robert and Mary Slessor. Her father, originally from Buchan, was a shoemaker by trade. In 1859 the family moved to Dundee in search of work. Robert Slessor was an alcoholic, and unable to keep up shoemaking, took a job as a labourer in a mill. Her mother, a skilled weaver, also went to work in the mills. At the age of eleven, Mary began work as a "half timer" in the Baxter Brothers' Mill. She spent half of her day at a school provided by the mill owners, and the other half working for the company. The Slessors lived in the slums of Dundee. Before long, Mary's father died of pneumonia, and both her brothers died, leaving behind only Mary, her mother, and two sisters. By age fourteen, Mary had become a skilled jute worker, working from 6 a.m. to 6 p.m. with just an hour for breakfast and lunch.
Mary's mother was a devout Presbyterian who read each issue of the Missionary Record, a monthly magazine published by The United Presbyterian Church (later United Free Church of Scotland) to inform members of missionary activities and needs. Mary developed an interest in religion and, when a mission was instituted in Quarry Pend (close by the Wishart Church), Mary volunteered to become a teacher. Mary was 27 when she heard news that David Livingstone, the famous missionary and explorer, had died. She wanted to follow in his footsteps.
Mary applied to the Foreign Mission Board of the United Presbyterian Church. After training in Edinburgh, Mary set sail in the S.S. Ethiopia on 5 August 1876, and arrived at her destination in West Africa just over a month later. She was 28 years of age, red haired with bright blue eyes. Mary was sent to the Calabar region, warned that witchcraft and superstition were prevalent. The ritual sacrifice of children, and twins in particular, was customary among the people she would be ministering to, but Mary was undaunted. She worked first in the missions in Old Town and Creek Town. She lived in the missionary compound for 3 years. She wanted to go deeper into Calabar, malaria forced her to go home to Scotland and recover. Mary left Calabar for Dundee in 1879. She was in Scotland for 16 months before heading back to Africa.
On her return, she did not go back to the compound, but 3 miles further into Calabar, to Old Town. As she had to leave a large portion of her salary at home for the support of her mother and sisters, she had to economise and took to subsisting on the native food.
Unlike other missionaries, Mary lived as part of the tribe, learned to speak Efik, the native language, and made close personal friendships wherever she went. She adopted abandoned twins and worked tirelessly to protect children and raise the status of women. Mary was known for her pragmatism and humour; this earned her the respect and trust of the people she wanted to serve.
Mary Slessor went to live among the Efik and the Okoyong which lived near the Efiks who live in Calabar, in present day Nigeria. There she successfully fought against the killing of twins at infancy. Mary Slessor was a driving force behind the establishment of the Hope Waddell Training Institute in Calabar, which provided practical vocational training to Africans.
Mary contracted malaria and had to suffer the fever again and again for 40 years, but she downplayed the personal cost of this, and never gave up returning to Scotland. The fevers eventually weakened her to the point where she could no longer walk all day or night in the rainforest, but had to be pushed along in a hand-cart. She eventually died after a particularly severe fever, on 13th January 1915.
Mary Slessor died at her remote station near Use Ikot Oku. Her body was transported down the Cross River to Duke Town for the colonial equivalent of a state funeral. Attendees at her funeral included the Provincial Commissioner along with other senior British Officials in full uniform. Her Coffin was wrapped in the Union Jack. Flags at government buildings were flown at half mast and the Governor-General of Nigeria, Sir Frederick Lugard telegraphed his 'deepest regret' from Lagos and published a warm tribute in the Government Gazette.
The first in Hausaland to own eunuchs and kola nuts: Queen Amina of Zaria.
Amina Mohamud (also called Aminatu) was a Hausa Muslim Warrior Queen of Zazzau (now Zaria), in what is now north central Nigeria. She is the subject of many legends, but is widely believed by historians to have been a real ruler, though contemporary evidence about her is limited. There is controversy among scholars as to the date of her reign, one school placing her in the mid-15th century, and a second placing her reign in the mid to late 16th century.
The earliest source to mention Amina is Muhammed Bello's history Ifaq al-Maysur, composed around 1836. He claims that she was "the first to establish government among them," and she forced Katsina, Kano and other regions to pay tribute to her. Bello unfortunately, provided no chronological details about her. She is also mentioned in the Kano Chronicle, a well-regarded and detailed history of the city of Kano, composed in the late 19th century, but incorporating earlier documentary material. According to this chronicle, she was a contemporary of Muhammad Dauda, who ruled from 1421–38, and Amina conquered as far as Nupe and Kwarafa, collected tribute from far and wide and ruled for 34 years. A number of scholars accept this information and date her reign to the early to mid-15th century.
There is also a local chronicle of Zaria itself, written in the 19th century (it goes up to 1902) and published in 1910 that gives a list of the rulers and the duration of their reigns. Amina is not mentioned in this chronicle, but oral tradition in the early 20th century held her to be the daughter of Bakwa Turunku, whose reign is dated by the chronicle from 1492–1522, and on this basis some scholars date her reign to the early 16th century. Abdullahi Smith, using similar discrepancies places her reign after 1576. It is on the basis of her absence in this source as well, that claims that she never ruled but was only a princess.
The seven original states of Hausaland: Katsina, Daura, Kano, Zazzau, Gobir, Rano, and Garun Gabas cover an area of approximately 500 square miles and comprise the heart of Hausaland. In the sixteenth century, Queen Bakwa Turunku built the capital of Zazzau at Zaria, named after her younger daughter. Eventually, the entire state of Zazzau was renamed Zaria, which is now a province in present-day Nigeria.
However it was her elder daughter, the legendary Amina (or Aminatu), who inherited her mother's warlike nature. Amina was 16 years old when her mother became queen and she was given the traditional title of magajiya. She honed her military skills and became famous for her bravery and military exploits, as she is celebrated in song as "Amina daughter of Nikatau, a woman as capable as a man."
Amina is credited as the architect who created the strong earthen walls around the city, which was the prototype for the fortifications used in all Hausa states. She built many of these fortifications, which became known as ganuwar Amina or Amina's walls, around various conquered cities.
The objectives of her conquests were twofold: extension of Zazzau beyond its primary borders and reducing the conquered cities to vassal status. Sultan Muhammad Bello of Sokoto stated that, "She made war upon these countries and overcame them entirely so that the people of Katsina paid tribute to her and the men of Kano [and]... also made war on cities of Bauchi till her kingdom reached to the sea in the south and the west." Likewise, she led her armies as far as Nupe and, according to the Kano Chronicle, "The Sarkin Nupe sent her (the princess) 40 eunuchs and 10,000 kola nuts making her the first in Hausaland to own eunuchs and kola nuts".
Amina was a preeminent gimbiya (princess) but various theories exist as to the time of her reign or if she ever was a queen. One explanation states that she reigned from approximately 1536 to 1573, while another posits that she became queen after her brother Karama's death, in 1576. Yet, another claims that although she was a leading princess, she was never a queen.
Despite the discrepancies, over a 34-year period, her many conquests and subsequent annexation of the territories extended the borders of Zaria, which also grew in importance and became the center of the North-South Saharan trade and the East-West Sudan trade.
Europeans first arrived in the Enugu area in 1903 when the British/Australian geologist Albert Ernest Kitson led an exploration of the Southern Nigeria Protectorate to search for especially valued mineral resources under the supervision of the Imperial Institute, London.
Sir Albert Ernest Kitson KBE, CMG (21 March 1868 – 8 March 1937) was a naturalist and winner of the Lyell Medal in 1927.
Kitson was born in North Street, Audenshaw, Cheshire, England, the son of John Kitson from Manchester and Margaret, née Neil, from Edinburgh, Scotland. On his father's side the family had been stonemasons whilst his maternal grandfather was a Scottish Presbyterian minister. Albert's early childhood was spent in Nagpur in the Central Provinces of India where his family moved when he was a year old. Around 1876 they emigrated to Victoria (Australia). Here John and Margaret taught at a State School in the gold-mining settlement of Enoch's Point in the Victorian Alps before John was appointed as head teacher of the, recently created, North Winton State School near Benalla. John died of angina in 1879 and so until her death in 1898 Margaret took over the running of the school which was attended by both her surviving children - Albert and his younger brother (John) Sidney.
After his initial work in Victoria, Kitson spent much of his subsequent professional life in Africa. Recognising his geological talents Professor J. W. Gregory recommended him for a post as Principal mineral surveyor in Southern Nigeria where he went on to discover coal and lignite. In 1909 he discovered black bituminous coal along the Enugu-Udi escarpment in Nigeria and high hopes were placed in such a potentially important coal deposit. The town of Port Harcourt was built in 1912 as an outlet for this Nigerian coal and was linked with Enugu via a railway line that extended northwards to Kaduna. The Enugu coal fields went into production in 1915 and caused an important immigration of population to Enugu earning the town the nickname of the 'Coal City'. The Nigerian coal turned out to be of poor quality and was used mainly for domestic consumption within the colonies, providing an important power resource for the railways and electricity.
Although Kitson's mission was to discover mineral deposits which might be exploited by the British Colonial authority he always combined this with a paternalistic concern to improve the material situation of the local populations. In 1912, after hearing a lecture by J.P. Unstead about the climatic conditions for wheat cultivation in North America, Kitson's response was to ask whether Unstead's findings might be applied to Nigeria. Kitson argued: "Could a wheat-growing industry be established it would be a great boon to the people of West Africa". In paternalistic tones he went on: "It might in Northern Nigeria replace to a large extent the less valuable millet now grown there, while in Southern Nigeria it could materially supplement the staple foods- cassava, yams and maize".
After Nigeria, Kitson continued his explorations in Africa, along with Edmund Thiele, working particularly in the Gold Coast (now Ghana) between 1913–30 where he was first Principal of the Mineral Survey and afterwards Director of the Geological Survey.
In 1910 he married Margaret Legge, née Walker (1870–1920). After her death he married Elinore Almond Ramage (1892–1963) in 1927. Like his mother she was the daughter of a Scottish Presbyterian Minister, although she herself was born in Victoria, Australia. Despite their advancing years (the couple had a combined age of around 100) they had two children: (Ernest) Neil (1928–2009) and David (1935–2011). Albert Kitson died in Beaconsfield on 8 March 1937 of broncho-pneumonia and influenza.
The first European to record his travel around Nigeria and his encounter with Nigerian royalties: Hugh Clapperton (1822-1826)
Bain Hugh Clapperton (18 May 1788 – 13 April 1827) was a Scottish naval officer and explorer of West and Central Africa.
Clapperton was born in Annan, Dumfriesshire, where his father was a surgeon. He gained some knowledge of practical mathematics and navigation, and at thirteen was apprenticed on board a vessel which traded between Liverpool and North America. After having made several voyages across the Atlantic Ocean, he was impressed for the navy, in which he soon rose to the rank of midshipman. During the Napoleonic Wars he saw a good deal of active service, and at the storming of Port Louis, Mauritius, in November 1810, he was first in the breach and hauled down the French flag.
In 1814 Clapperton went to Canada, was promoted to the rank of lieutenant, and to the command of a schooner on the Canadian lakes. In 1817, when the flotilla on the lakes was dismantled, he returned home on half-pay. In 1820 Clapperton removed to Edinburgh, where he made the acquaintance of Walter Oudney, who aroused his interest in African travel.
Lieutenant G. F. Lyon having returned from an unsuccessful attempt to reach Bornu from Tripoli, the British government determined on a second expedition to that country. Walter Oudney was appointed by Lord Bathurst, then colonial secretary, to proceed to Bornu as consul, accompanied by Hugh Clapperton . From Tripoli, early in 1822, they set out southward to Murzuk, where they were later joined by Dixon Denham, who found both men in a wretched condition. Eventually proceeding south from Murzuk on 29 November 1822, a great antipathy soon developed between Clapperton and Denham; Denham at one stage openly accusing Clapperton of having homosexual relations with one of the Arab servant boys. The accusation was almost certainly unfounded, leading the historian E. W. Bovill to write that "it remains difficult to recall in all the checkered (sic) history of geographic discovery.... a more odious man than Dixon Denham".
The party eventually reached Kuka (now Kukawa in Nigeria) on 17 February 1823, having earlier become the first white men to see Lake Chad. Whilst at Kuka, Clapperton and Oudney parted company with Denham to visit the Hausa states. Denham remained behind to explore and survey the western, south and south-eastern shores of Lake Chad, and the lower courses of the rivers Waube, Logone and Shari. Clapperton and Oudney reached Bornu where they were well received by the sultan, and after remaining in the region until 14 December, they again set out for the purpose of exploring the course of the Niger River.
However, only a few weeks later, Oudney died at Murmur on the road to Kano. Undeterred, Clapperton continued his journey alone through Kano to Sokoto, the capital of the Fulani Empire, where by order of Sultan Muhammed Bello he was obliged to stop, though the Niger was only a five-day journey to the west. Exhausted by his travels, he returned by way of Zaria and Katsina to Kuka, where Denham found him barely recognizable after his privations. Clapperton and Denham departed Kuka for Tripoli in August 1824, reaching Tripoli on 26 January 1825. Their mutual antipathy unabated, they exchanged not a word during the 133-day journey. The pair continued their journey to England, arriving home to a heroes' welcome on 1 June 1825. An account of their travels was published in 1826 under the title Narrative of Travels and Discoveries in Northern and Central Africa in the years 1822 - 1823 and 1824.
Immediately after his return to England, Clapperton was raised to the rank of commander, and sent out with another expedition to Africa, the sultan Bello of Sokoto having professed his eagerness to open up trade with the west coast. Clapperton came out on HMS Brazen, which was joining the West Africa Squadron for the suppression of the slave trade. He landed at Badagry in the Bight of Benin, and started overland for the Niger on 7 December 1825, having with him his servant Richard Lemon Lander, Captain Pearce, and Dr. Morrison, navy surgeon and naturalist. Before the month was out Pearce and Morrison were dead of fever. Clapperton continued his journey, and, passing through the Yoruba country, in January 1826 he crossed the Niger at Bussa, the spot where Mungo Park had died twenty years before. In July he arrived at Kano. From there he went to Sokoto, intending afterwards to go to Bornu. The sultan, however, detained him, and being seized with dysentery he died near Sokoto.
Clapperton was the first European to make known from personal observation the Hausa states, which he visited soon after the establishment of the Sokoto Caliphate by the Fula. In 1829 the Journal of a Second Expedition into the Interior of Africa, &c., by Clapperton appeared posthumously, with a biographical sketch of the explorer by his uncle, Lieutenant-Colonel S. Clapperton, as a preface.
The first Western visitor to Ibadan, Oyo State: David Hinderer (1851)
David (1820 to 1890) and Anna Hinderer (1827 to 1870).
David and Anna Hinderer were missionaries in Yorubaland (now in Nigeria). David came from rural Württemberg, near Schorndorf, Germany, and trained at the Basel Mission seminary. Accepted by the Church Missionary Society, he entered their training college in London in 1846 and received Anglican ordination (deacon 1847, priest 1848). He joined the Yoruba mission in 1849, with a view to expanding the work up the Niger to Hausaland. Since Henry Townsend was absent in England, Hinderer was first stationed at Abeokuta, where, like Townsend, he concluded that Ibadan City, rather than Hausaland, was the proper target of expansion. In 1851 he was the first Western visitor to Ibadan. On sick leave in England next year, he married Anna Martin. Born in Hempnall, Norfolk, and early left motherless, Anna was living in the family of Francis Cunningham, vicar of Lowestoft, a connection by marriage of T. F. Buxton.
The Hinderers went to Yorubaland in 1856, opening work in Ibadan. Though their reception was cordial, the Christian response was not spectacular. The small church that emerged, however, was later to blossom under Daniel Olubi, who himself grew up in the Hinderer household. The striking characteristic of the Hinderers was human warmth; the made friends readily-among them Olubi, J. C. Akielle, Henry and Samuel Johnson, and others who became leading lights in the West African churches. Long-standing mutual affection bound Anna and the many children who lived in or visited their compound. David became an effective translator and as the mission's Hebraist, its chief Old Testament reviser.
The Ijaye War long clouded their work. Abeokuta and Ibadan were on opposing sides, and Hinderer lamented the missionary tendency, illustrated in Townsend, to take Abeokuta's part. The war circumscribed missionary activity, and the Hinderers were cut off for several years from colleagues, mission headquarters, money, and supplies, with David at times in real danger. They finally left Ibadan in 1869, the city having resisted pressure from Abeokuta to expel them in the Ifole-the movement for expulsion of all whites. Both were broken in health, and they retired in England to take pastoral charge of the village of Martham, Norfolk. Here Anna died. David returned to Yorubaland in 1874, laying the foundation of the church in Ondo and other areas east of Lagos. He finally retired in 1877, while continuing to work on Yoruba translation. A memoir based on Anna's journal and letters became a popular and much-quoted classic of women's missionary work.
|
|||
9206
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 6
|
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-economic-history/article/from-traditional-to-british-currency-in-southern-nigeria-analysis-of-a-currency-revolution-18801948/0153DA3573B899A5B76A22260D9994CB
|
en
|
From Traditional to British Currency in Southern Nigeria: Analysis of a Currency Revolution, 1880–1948
|
[
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/cambridge-core/public/images/icn_circle__btn_close_white.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/cambridge-core/public/images/logo_core.png",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/cambridge-core/public/images/logo_core.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/cambridge-core/public/images/logo_core.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/cambridge-core/public/images/logo_core.svg",
"https://static.cambridge.org/covers/JEH_0_0_0/the-journal-of-economic-history.jpg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/share-icon.cbcfad8.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/close-icon.194b28a.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/cite-icon.44eaaa4.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/rights-icon.d4a677c.svg",
"https://assets.crossref.org/logo/crossref-logo-100.png",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Google_Scholar_logo_2015.PNG",
"https://assets.crossref.org/logo/crossref-logo-100.png",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/cambridge-core/public/images/cambridge_logo.png"
] |
[
"https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-NTX72TG"
] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Walter I. Ofonagoro"
] | null |
From Traditional to British Currency in Southern Nigeria: Analysis of a Currency Revolution, 1880–1948 - Volume 39 Issue 3
|
en
|
/core/cambridge-core/public/images/favicon.ico
|
Cambridge Core
|
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-economic-history/article/abs/from-traditional-to-british-currency-in-southern-nigeria-analysis-of-a-currency-revolution-18801948/0153DA3573B899A5B76A22260D9994CB
|
19th August 2024: digital purchasing is currently unavailable on Cambridge Core. Due to recent technical disruption affecting our publishing operation, we are experiencing some delays to publication. We are working hard to restore services as soon as possible and apologise for the inconvenience. For further updates please visit our website: https://www.cambridge.org/universitypress/about-us/news-and-blogs/cambridge-university-press-publishing-update-following-technical-disruption
Skip to main content Accessibility help
We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.
Hostname: page-component-5c6d5d7d68-wbk2r Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-08-19T03:47:10.288Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
Article contents
Abstract
References
From Traditional to British Currency in Southern Nigeria: Analysis of a Currency Revolution, 1880–1948
Article contents
Abstract
References
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]
Abstract
Soon after establishing political control, the British colonial administration in southern Nigeria attempted to replace the existing currencies of the country with British currency. The traditional currencies competently discharged the functions of money, however, and it required fifty years before the pre-colonial currencies, attacked by the colonial authorities and unrecognized as legal tender, gradually lost standing and proved worthless to their last holders. Theoretical implications of these developments are discussed.
Type
Articles
Information
The Journal of Economic History , Volume 39 , Issue 3 , September 1979 , pp. 623 - 654
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022050700092949 [Opens in a new window]
Copyright
Copyright © The Economic History Association 1979
Access options
Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)
References
1
1 The literature on this subject is rather extensive. See, for instance,Jones, G. I., “Native and Trade Currencies in Southern Nigeria during the XVIII and XIX Centuries,” Africa, 28 (1958), 42–54CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Kirk-Greene, Anthony, “The Major Currencies in Nigerian History,” Journal of the Historical Society of Nigeria (hereafter JHSN), 2 (Dec. 1960), 132–50Google Scholar; Hopkins, Anthony, “The Currency Revolution in Southwest Nigeria in the Late Nineteenth Century,” JHSN, 3 (Dec. 1966)Google Scholar; and Johnson, Marion, “The Cowrie Currencies of West Africa,” Journal of African History, 11, 1 (1970), 17–49CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; and vol. 11, no. 3 (1970), 331–53.
2
2 Kirk-Greene, Anthony, “Major Currencies,” pp. 140–48Google Scholar. Cowries are shells of small molluscs from the Indian Ocean. They were widely used as money in Africa.
3
3 Ibid., p. 148.
4
4 Johnson, Marion, “Cowrie Currencies,” p. 24.Google Scholar
5
5 Ibid., pp. 28-33.
6
6 Nigerian Legislative Council Debates, 22nd Session, March 14, 1944, Statement by the Member from Banking, the Hon, K. M.Oliver, M. C. (Lagos: Government Printer, 1944), pp. 151–52.Google Scholar
7
7 Gann, L. H. and Duignan, Peter, The Economics of Colonialism (Cambridge, 1975), p. 37.Google Scholar
8
8 Hopkins, Anthony G., An Economic History of West Africa (New York, 1973), pp. 21–24.Google Scholar
9
9 Ibid., p. 71.
10
10 Ibid., p. 70. In Igboland, the Aros were the major bankers of the pre-colonial era. See Ofonagoro, “The Aro and Delta Middlemen of Southeast Nigeria and the Challenge of the Colonial Economy,” Journal ofAfrican Studies, 3, 2 (1976), 147. The “Egbo” society of Old Calabar had as one of its principal functions the recovery of bad debts: Ofonagoro, “The Opening Up of Southern Nigeria to British Trade, and its Consequences: Economic and Social History, 1881-1916” (Ph.D. diss., Columbia Univ., 1972), pp. 175–78Google Scholar.
11
11 Manillas were horseshoe-shaped pieces of metal (brass, bronze, or iron).
12
12 Basden, George T., Among the Ibos of Nigeria (London, 1920), p. 199.Google Scholar
13
13 Personal communication. I would like to record my gratitude to Professor Ekwueme Okoli of New York City Community College, to Mr. Metu of Eziama Ikeduru, Owerri; to Mr. B. N. Oriaku of Umuahia, to Mr. J. W. Aguzie of Isiekenesi, Orlu, and numerous others of that generation who have generously provided much information about cowries and other traditional currencies which they recalled using in the forties and in some cases as late as 1952.
14
14 , Hopkins, West Africa, p. 70.Google Scholar
13
13 Sir Gilbert Carter's general report on the Lagos interior expedition, 1893, No. II; The Possibilities of the Yoruba Country,” Lagos Weekly Record, June 2, 1894.
16
16 Public Record Office, London (hereafter PRO), Revise of Minutes of Evidence, Committee on the Currency of the West African Colonies, Nov. 17, 1899, Q498-Q502. In southeast Nigeria the equivalent was 6 cowries; Colonial Office, CO/520/4, Currency Committee Minutes of Evidence, 1899, Q655-Q658. Captain Denton served the government of Lagos as Colonial Secretary for 12 years, 1887-1889; during this period he acted as governor on the numerous occasions when the official incumbent went to England on leave. Mr. Wall administered the Customs Department of the Niger Coast Protectorate, 1891-1899; CO/520/4.
17
17 PRO, Revise of Minutes of Evidence, Committee on the Currency of West African Colonies, Nov. 17, 1899, Q498–Q502, CO/520/4.
18
18 Clough, Raymond Gore, Oil Rivers Trader (London, 1972), pp. 23–24.Google Scholar
19
19 Sir Frederick Lugard, The Dual Mandate in British Tropical Africa (rpt.; London, 1965), pp. 405 ff.
20
20 Sir Burns, Alan, History of Nigeria (London, 1962), p. 131.Google Scholar
21
21 Ibid., p. 96.
22
22 Nwaguru, J., Aba and British Rule (Enugu, Nigeria, 1973), p. 79.Google Scholar
23
23 W. Brandforth Griffiths to Governor Ussher, April 29, 1880, CO/147/41;Payne, J. Otonba, Payne's Lagos and West African Almanack (1893), pp. 43 and 54Google Scholar. Double eagles were American $20 gold coins. Eagles and half eagles are $10 and $5 gold coins, respectively. The French 20-franc pieces were gold coins minted by Napoleon Ill's government, 1853–1870. See also , Johnson, “Cowrie Currencies,” p. 23Google Scholar.
24
24 CO/444/1, Moor to Colonial Office, July 18, 1899. The Brass Chiefs confiscated 5,740 of these silver coins during their raid on the Royal Niger Company's Akassa depot in 1895, and even as late as 1901 the Lugard Administration accepted a portion of the southern Nigerian contribution to the revenue of northern Nigeria in Maria Theresa dollars; CO/520/8, Moor to Colonial Office, June 22,1901.
25
25 CO/147/41, Lt. Governor Brandforth Griffith to Governor Ussher, April 29, 1880.
26
26 Ibid.
27
27 Ryder, Alan, Benin and the Europeans, Appendix I, p. 295.Google Scholar
28
28 CO/444/1, Niger Coast Protectorate Bluebook, 1896-97, Head: “Legal tender currency, giving particulars and legislative authority.” On the antiquity of these currencies, see , Jones, “Native and Trade Currencies,” pp. 43–54Google Scholar. On the use of brass rods in the Calabar Country, see CO/444/1, “Report of Captain E. Roupell, Political Officer, Niger Coast Protectorate, to Sir Ralph Moor, on the state of the Upper Cross River,” enclosure in Moor to Colonial Office, 14/6/99.
29
29 CO/588/1, cf. Text of Native Currency Proclamation, No. 14 of 1902, sections 8 and 9.
30
30 , Basden, Among the Ibos of Nigeria, p. 198.Google Scholar
31
31 Ibid., p. 200. Basden makes the only known reference to the umumu in print. Further fieldwork may be necessary to establish its origins and distribution.
32
32 Ibid., p. 198. Cypraea Annulus were Mozambique cowries, and were valued at half the Cypraea Moneta variety, which came from the Maldive Islands.
33
33 CO/520/13, “Report on the Bluebook for 1900,” enclosure in Moor to Colonial Office, 24/1/02. Such cases were rare.
34
34 CO/444/1, Niger Coast Protectorate Bluebook, 1896/97, Head: “Legal Tender Currency.”
35
35 Ibid.
36
36 CO/520/4, Currency Committee, Minutes of Evidence, Nov. 17, 1899, Q583–90; and Q660–62 read concurrently.
37
37 Ibid., Q668.
38
38 Ibid., Q587, Q638, and Q653. The Administration's insistence on collecting revenues only in British currency was due to the fact that the bulk of the revenue was remitted to the Crown Agents in London, and held or invested there. Only funds sufficient to meet the small demands of the government in Africa—such as the payment of wages to laborers, and the purchase of small quantities of food, clothing, hardware, and building materials—were kept in the local Treasury. The salaries of officials were paid in London. In Africa they lived off their generous allowances, and in virtually free housing.
39
39 CO/520/8, Moor to Colonial Office, 12/6/01.
40
40 CO/520/8, Leslie Probyn to Colonial Office, Aug. 13, 1901.
41
41 These included the brass rod and the Perekule or Awonawo manillas valued at 3d. Next in value were the Prince manillas, valued at ¾d. For higher transactions a fictitious unit of account known as Ikpeghe (Kirk-Greene's Okpoho) existed, which was made up of four Nwaohuru manillas. Thus 2 Ikpeghe equalled 8 Nwaohuru manillas; PRO, CO/520/4, Currency Committee Minutes of Evidence, 1899, Q655-Q658. Other information has been acquired from personal communication fieldwork in Eastern Nigeria.
42
42 PRO, Revise of Minutes of Evidence, Currency Committee, 1899, Q532-Q534.
43
43 Payne's Almanack and Yearbook (1893), p. 54; See also CO/879/59 (Colonial Office Confidential Print), No. 16, Governor McCallum to Chamberlain, Aug. 4, 1897.
44
44 CO/879/59, No. 16, McCallum to Chamberlain, Aug. 4, 1897; CO/520/4, Currency Committee, Minutes of Evidence, 1899, Q472–Q473; and Q468.
45
45 Samuelson, Paul, Economics (New York, 1975).Google Scholar
46
46 CO/520/14, Moor to Colonial Office, 16/6/02. Sir Ralph Moor, the High Commissioner of Southern Nigeria, initially made the same mistake, but later went to great lengths to inform bis superiors of the error of regarding these currencies as barter items.
47
47 Burns, Arthur R., Money in Ancient Times, cited in A. Quiggin, A Survey of Primitive Money (London, 1963), p. 5.Google Scholar
48
48 , Basden, Among the Ibos of Nigeria, pp. 196–97.Google Scholar
49
49 CO/520/13, records of proceedings in the Supreme Court of Southern Nigeria, Assizes held at Asaba on 28 Nov. 1901, “Rex versus A. Plank.” Plank was convicted on two counts of falsification of accounts and forgery; he was at the time the Niger Company's station agent at Idah. The John Holt firm went one better, using the “measure” to fleece even their own locally-recruited staff, who were given contracts “of the usual native type, given to all our clerks in charge of stations—accepting responsibility for all goods entrusted to their care, etc…. They are paid in goods—thirty shillings per month—charged at native prices, the cost of which would be twenty shillings; goods are sent to them at Native prices also. For instance, we dispatch 50 measures of goods (each measures 5s., interior selling prices) and in return we expect 50 bushels of kernels.… The prices paid for kernels in these interior places enables us to pay all expenses and get the kernels down to Asaba at the same price paidfor them Asaba itself.” (Italics are mine.) Holt Papers, Box 1, file 6, extract from Mr. Drewett's letter dated Onitsha, July 5, 1905. For a description of “sortings,” “the ounce,” the “measure,” and the “Good For” see Hopkins, West Africa, p. Ill; Walter Ofonagoro, “The Opening Up of Southern Nigeria to British Trade,” pp. 168-71; and Clough, Oil Rivers Trader, p. 38.
50
50 Similar adjustments had been made by European traders over the years in other areas of West Africa. Examples include the “bar” in seventeenth-century Senegambia and Eastern Nigeria; the “sorting” used in the seventeenth century between the Gold Coast and Cameroons; and the “ounce” of eighteenth-century Gold Coast. See Johnson, Marion, “The Ounce in Eighteenth-Century West African Trade,” Journal ofAfrican History, 7 (1966), 197–214CrossRefGoogle Scholar; , Hopkins, West Africa, pp. 111–12Google Scholar.
51
51 On July 11, 1896, The Lagos Weekly Record drew attention to this problem: “The fart should not be lost sight of that in proportion as the interior natives learn the value of gold and silver as money, in like proportion will they be inclined to hoard it up. The majority of the native producers only come to the colony to exchange their produce for specie which they carry back and hoard up. Their wants in respect of European goods for actual consumption are very small.” In 1922 Lugard indicated that the local people were indeed hoarding their money rather than spending it on high-priced British imports; Lugard, The Dual Mandate, p. 264.
52
52 CO/446/24, F. Lugard to Joseph Chamberlain, July 19, 1902; cf. Minutes, H. Butler to R. An-trobus, Nov. 22, 1902.
53
53 Price, Ward, Dark Subjects, p. 251.Google Scholar
54
54 , Basden, Among the Ibos, pp. 196–200Google Scholar; Smith, M., Baba of Karo (London, 1964), p. 81Google Scholar.
55
55 CO/446/24, Minutes, Butler to Antrobus, Nov. 22, 1902. The hoarding of pennies in the United States has, in recent years, produced similar results.
56
56 CO/520/4, Currency Committee Minutes of Evidence, 1899, Q488, Evidence of Governor Den ton. See also Q498-Q502.
57
57 See Ofonagoro, “The Opening U p of Southern Nigeria,” pp. 12, 13, and 17, for further discussion of this theme.
58
58 An excellent example of this restriction of trade with foreign countries in favor of British goods was the action of the Colonial Government regarding the import of Japanese goods into the country; “The Imperial Government became perturbed about the entry of Japanese goods, such as socks at 3d a pair, and bicycles at 15-; in consequence, severe import restrictions were imposed to prevent them driving British goods off the market”; Price, Ward, Dark Subjects, p. 253Google Scholar.
59
59 , Hopkins, “The Currency Revolution,” p. 479.Google Scholar
60
60 CO/147/41, Griffiths to Ussher, April 29, 1880. See also London Times, March 26, 1880,-where the rate of 51¼ pennies to the dollar is quoted; and Hopkins, “The Currency Revolution,” p. 479.
61
61 CO/147/41, Griffiths to Ussher, April 29, 1880.
62
62 CO/147/41, Minutes, F.R.R. to Meade, July 20, 1880. See also Payne's Almanack (1893), p. 43, public notice re Ordinance No. 2 of 1880, issued by Acting Assistant Secretary Turton, and dated May 11, 1880.
63
63 CO/147/41, Minute by Governor Ussher, Accra, May 8, 1880. The text of the public notice of May 11, 1880, confirms that this was, in fact, what was done. As of May 21, 1880, “being ten clear days from the date of this notice,” only British silver coins would be accepted as legal tender by the Government of Lagos. See Payne's Almanack, p. 43, for text.
64
64 PRO, Index of Despatches from Governor Ussher to Colonial Office, 1880. See summaries of despatches No. 10126 of 27/5/80, No. 10145 of 1/6/80, and No. 10844 of 17/6/80. The above des-patches were destroyed by statute. See also Hopkins, “The Currency Revolution,” p. 480.
65
65 CO/520/4, revise of Minutes of evidence, Committee on the Currency of the West African Colonies, Nov. 17, 1899, Q518-Q522 and Q451-Q457. See also Hopkins, “The Currency Revolution,” pp. 480-81.
66
66 See Ellen Thorpe, Ladder of Bones, p. 218; and PRO, Index to Lagos Despatches, 1880, despatch No. 10132 of 31/5/80.
67
67 CO/520/4, revise of minutes of evidence, West African Currency Committee, 1899, Q518-522; Q455-457; and Hopkins, “The Currency Revolution,” p. 480.
68
68 CO/526/8, Moor to CO., June 22, 1901.
69
69 CO/879/59, enclosure in No. 21, “Correspondence relating to the currency of the West African Colonies”; CO/520/8, “Currency in Southern Nigeria,” the Butler Memorandum, Sept. 9, 1901.
70
70 See CO/588/1 for text. See also CO/520/13, “Report on the Bluebook for 1900,” enclosure in Moor to CO., 24/1/02.
71
71 CO/879/59, enclosure in No. 49, Moor to Chamberlain, Nov. 3, 1899; CO/520/9, Probyn to C.
72
72 CO/444/2, enclosure in Moor to C. O., 1/10/99.
73
73 CO/520/4, Minutes, W. A. Mercer to R. L. Anthrobus, March 23, 1900.
74
74 CO/520/8, Minutes, Butler to Anthrobus, 18/7/01.
75
75 ibid.
76
76 ibid.
77
77 In pre-colonial Niger Igbo communities, the Omu or market queen had exercised this function. See Basden, Among the Ibos, p. 195. In the Delta, the chiefs had exercised similar authority as regards rates of exchange between manillas and foreign currencies.
78
78 CO/588/1, “Native Courts Proclamation, No. 25 of 1901,” section XXXVI (ii).
79
79 Liverpool Chamber of Commerce, C. A. T. S. Minute Book, March 26, 1906 to May 13, 1907, “Commentary on the return of sterling values of native currency for the quarter ending December 31, 1905: Southern Nigeria Gazette, No. 10, April 13, 1906.” See also CO/588/1, text of “Native Currency Proclamation, No. 14 of 1902,” sections 8 and 9.
80
80 Report of the Departmental Committee Appointed to Inquire into Matters Affecting the Currency of the British West African Colonies and Possessions, Cd. 6427, 1912. See evidence of F. W. Fosbery, Provincial Commissioner, Southern Nigeria, pp. 28, 29, and 126.
81
81 West African Mail, March 15, 1912, “Eboe” to W. N. M. Geary.
82
82 Cd. 6247, 1912, evidence of Chief Ogolo at Currency Committee hearings, 1912.
83
83 Thorpe, Ladder of Bones, p. 220; The African Mail, Aug. 30, 1912, p. 479, “Openings for Trade.”
84
84 National Archives, Enugu, Nigeria: Riv. Prof. 2/1/83, No. C. 607, Vol. II, “Draft Report on Ma-nilla currency.” See also RG/B6 National Archives, Ibadan, Nigeria: “Report concerning Manilla currency as used in districts falling within the trading influence of Opobo, Bonny and Eket, with Memorandum relating to 1913,” dated Feb. 19, 1913.
85
85 National Archives, Enugu, Riv. Prof. 2/1/82, No. C. 607, Vol. I, Secretary Eastern Provinces to Residents, Owerri and Calabar Provinces, May 18,1946.
86
86 , Kirk-Greene, “The Major Currencies of Nigerian History,” p. 146Google Scholar; , Thorpe, Ladder of Bones, pp. 216–21Google Scholar; and The United Africa Company, Statistical and Economic Review, 3 (1949), 44–56Google Scholar.
87
87 Personal communication, J. W. Aguzie of Isiekenesi. His father, Job Aguzie of Aba (my grandfather) lost his fortune in the “operation manilla” of 1948. Their successors, the colonial elites of southeast Nigeria, lost their fortunes once more during the Nigeria/Biafra war when Nigerian currency was again changed and when, after the war, the victorious Nigerian government refused to treat Biafran currency as money.
88
88 , Thorpe, Ladder of Bones, p. 220.Google Scholar
89
89 Ibid., p. 217.
90
90 CO/444/1, Niger Coast Protectorate Bluebook; 1896/97, Head: “Legal tender currency, giving particulars and legislative authority.” See also “Report of Captain Roupell, Political Officer, Niger Coast Protectorate to Sir Ralph Moor, High Commissioner, on the state of the Upper Cross River,” enclosure in Moor to C. O., 14/6/99.
91
91 Lagos Weekly Record, June 4, 1894.
92
92 CO/879/59, No. 16, McCallum to C. O., Aug. 4, 1897. See also No. 18, The Treasury (through E. W. Hamilton) to C. O., Oct. 29, 1897; and Minutes, Butler to Anthrobus, Nov. 22, 1902.
93
93 Ibid.
94
94 Ibid.
95
95 Ibid.
96
96 CO/520/8, The Butler Memorandum, Section “A.”
97
97 See Holt Papers, 14/1, John Holt to Jonathan Holt, March 1, 1914. Sir Alfred Jones, chairman of the Bank of British West Africa, which stood to benefit from the currency change, encouraged Butler in this attitude.
98
98 CO/444/1, Messrs. Miller Brothers and Company to Joseph Chamberlain, 11/9/1899; Messrs Bey and Co. to Sir Ralph Moor, Dec. 13, 1899; Crown Agents to Bey and Co;, March 26, 1900; Bey and Co. to Crown Agents, April 4, 1900; and CO/520/4, Currency Committee Minutes of Evidence, Q498-Q502andQ671.
99
99 CO/520/14, Moor to C. O., 16/6/02; Holt Papers, 14/1, John Holt to Jonathon Holt, March 1, 1914.
100
100 See CO/588/1 for text. Section 2 of this proclamation banned importation of cowries and prescribed fines and terms of imprisonment for violators. See also Section 4.
101
101 Liverpool Chamber of Commerce, Committee of the African Trade Section, Minute Book, 1906-1907, enclosure in p. 204, Colonial Office to Committee of the African Trade Section, May 1, 1907.
102
102 CO/520/72, Treasury (through W. Blain) to C. O., 2/10/08 enclosure, Nigeria Coinage Order, 1908; Minutes, Butler to Crown Agents, 17/10/08; and CO/520/61, Butler to Strachey and Anth-robus, 23/6/08.
103
103 , Anene, Southern Nigeria in Transition, p. 295.Google Scholar
104
104 , Basden, Among the Ibos of Nigeria, p. 200.Google Scholar
105
105 , Thorpe, Ladder of Bones, p. 219Google Scholar; , Mars, “The Monetary and Banking System, and the Loan Market of Nigeria,” in Perham, Mining, Commerce, and Finance in Nigeria, p. 183Google Scholar. Further evidence has been derived from personal communications.
106
106 CO/520/4, Currency Committee, evidence of Captain Demon, Colonial Secretary of Lagos, 1887-1899,minutesof evidence, Q470–Q471.
107
107 , Basden, Among the Ibos of Nigeria, p. 199Google Scholar. Before the 1904 prohibition, 25 UKWU exchanged for a shilling. After 1904 the exchange rate changed gradually to 16, 15, and 13 UKWU to the shilling; and by 1915, 12 UKWU to the shilling. The UKWU = 60cowries.
108
108 , Basden, Among the Ibos, p. 198.Google Scholar
109
109 Personal communications.
110
110 Green, R. H. and Seidman, A., Unity or Poverty: The Economics of Pan-Africanism (Baltimore, 1968), p. 31Google Scholar. Green and Seidman confirm that “under colonial rule, modern economic development took place only in sectors limited almost exclusively to production for export, the import trade, and related collection and distribution services. These sectors did not directly affect the bulk of the population who continued to engage in low productivity food and handicraft production predominantly for their own use or sale in local markets.”
111
111 Price, Ward, Dark Subjects, p. 251Google Scholar; , Lugard, The Dual Mandate, p. 491Google Scholar.
112
112 , Lugard, The Dual Mandate, pp. 190, 491 ff., and 609Google Scholar. Some idea of the cash amounts of these profits may be gained from the performance of the West Africa Currency Board. In itsfirstfour years of operation, the Board shipped silver coin with a face value of over £4 million (excluding coins repatriated). The Board's assets on June 30, 1917, stood at £1,867,000, or an average of £497,000 per year.
113
113 G. O. Nwankwo, The Grammar of Money, Inaugural Lecture, University of Lagos, April 14, 1978, pp. 7 and 35. Nwankwo is the Professor of Finance, Chairman of the Department of Finance and Dean of the Faculty of Business Administration, University of Lagos, and Executive Director for Banking and Finance, the Central Bank of Nigeria.
25
Cited by
Cited by
Loading...
|
||||
9206
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 13
|
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/african-studies-review/article/collapse-of-the-gold-standard-in-africa-money-and-colonialism-in-the-interwar-period/A880DDE28C6AD4DC5D558B7599D4AD69
|
en
|
The Collapse of the Gold Standard in Africa: Money and Colonialism in the Interwar Period
|
[
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/cambridge-core/public/images/icn_circle__btn_close_white.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/cambridge-core/public/images/logo_core.png",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/cambridge-core/public/images/logo_core.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/cambridge-core/public/images/logo_core.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/cambridge-core/public/images/logo_core.svg",
"https://static.cambridge.org/covers/ASR_0_0_0/african-studies-review.jpg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/save-pdf-icon.080470e.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/pdf-download-icon.c7fb40c.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/pdf-download-icon.c7fb40c.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/dropbox-icon.3d57046.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/google-drive-icon.a50193b.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/close-icon.194b28a.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/share-icon.cbcfad8.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/close-icon.194b28a.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/cite-icon.44eaaa4.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/rights-icon.d4a677c.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/license-cc-icon.e3a74ed.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/license-by-icon.33e212c.svg",
"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20230926150328567-0203:S0002020622001330:S0002020622001330_fig1.png?pub-status=live",
"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20230926150328567-0203:S0002020622001330:S0002020622001330_fig2.png?pub-status=live",
"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20230926150328567-0203:S0002020622001330:S0002020622001330_fig3.png?pub-status=live",
"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20230926150328567-0203:S0002020622001330:S0002020622001330_fig1.png",
"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20230926150328567-0203:S0002020622001330:S0002020622001330_fig2.png",
"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20230926150328567-0203:S0002020622001330:S0002020622001330_fig3.png",
"https://assets.crossref.org/logo/crossref-logo-100.png",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Google_Scholar_logo_2015.PNG",
"https://assets.crossref.org/logo/crossref-logo-100.png",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/cambridge-core/public/images/cambridge_logo.png"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Leigh Gardner"
] | null |
The Collapse of the Gold Standard in Africa: Money and Colonialism in the Interwar Period - Volume 66 Issue 3
|
en
|
/core/cambridge-core/public/images/favicon.ico
|
Cambridge Core
|
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/african-studies-review/article/collapse-of-the-gold-standard-in-africa-money-and-colonialism-in-the-interwar-period/A880DDE28C6AD4DC5D558B7599D4AD69
|
How did colonialism impact African monetary systems? There is now a substantial literature debating the impact of colonial policies which were intended to impose single currencies linked to metropolitan monetary systems within colonial boundaries.Footnote 1 Such policies served a number of purposes for colonial governments, ranging from a reduction in transaction costs for merchants and governments to a physical and symbolic demonstration of colonial control (Helleiner Reference Helleiner2002). However, the slow and uneven displacement of precolonial currencies by colonial coins and notes also revealed the limits of that control. Africans not only continued to use indigenous currencies such as cowrie shells and kissi pennies, but also retained long-standing practices of negotiating values between multiple currencies (Guyer Reference Guyer2004).
This literature has focused primarily on the opening decades of the colonial period and on the relationship between colonial and indigenous currencies. It has, however, generally neglected the fact that the colonial period as a whole was one of significant monetary instability affecting metropolitan states and, by extension, the African economies linked to them through colonialism. During the period of colonial conquest in Africa, European currencies (and the colonial currencies linked to them) enjoyed stable rates of exchange through the collective enforcement of the pre-war gold standard. This stability vanished with the outbreak of World War I, when imperial powers first abandoned the gold standard and then attempted unsuccessfully to revive it. This instability makes this period, as Barry Eichengreen puts it, one with “an exceptionally rich menu of international monetary experience” (Reference Eichengreen1990:1–2). While this menu has been widely explored for Europe and North America, the impact of this interwar monetary instability on colonial economies remains neglected. How did fluctuations in the exchange rates of colonial currencies impact the monetary systems which had emerged in Africa during the early colonial period? To what extent were colonial states able to manage this instability? And how did producers, merchants, and other stakeholders respond to the rapidly changing global economic situation?
This article explores these questions through a discussion of three different crises for African states during the 1920s and 1930s which were directly tied to fluctuations in the exchange rates of colonial currencies. These include the demonetization of the franc in The Gambia, the rupee crisis in Kenya, and independent Liberia’s shift from using British West African currencies to the US dollar. Together, these incidents illustrate three points about the impact of colonialism and globalization on African monetary systems. First, they go beyond existing arguments about the limits of colonial power to show the degree to which African governments struggled to adapt to changing global economic conditions. All three crises originated in some way in policies adopted during the era of gold standard stability which later became untenable. Second, they show that Africans’ facility with managing multiple currencies extended to the colonial currencies in circulation, and Africans responded readily to opportunities for arbitrage profits created by exchange rate fluctuations—marginal gains for the colonial era. Finally, they suggest that any comprehensive history of interwar monetary instability and the collapse of the gold standard needs to look beyond Europe to consider the impact on economies linked to European monetary systems through colonialism.
|
||||
9206
|
dbpedia
|
2
| 85
|
https://www.samsung.com/us/
|
en
|
Home Electronics
|
[
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/gnb/07152024/GNB_1_Fold6_168x136.png?$LazyLoad_Home_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/gnb/07152024/GNB_1_Fold6_168x136.png?$168_136_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/gnb/07152024/GNB_2_Flip6_168x136.png?$LazyLoad_Home_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/gnb/07152024/GNB_2_Flip6_168x136.png?$168_136_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/gnb/07152024/GNB_3_S24-Ultra_168x136.png?$LazyLoad_Home_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/gnb/07152024/GNB_3_S24-Ultra_168x136.png?$168_136_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/gnb/07152024/GNB_4_watchpro7_168x136.png?$LazyLoad_Home_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/gnb/07152024/GNB_4_watchpro7_168x136.png?$168_136_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/gnb/08022024/GNB_buds3-pro_168x136.png?$LazyLoad_Home_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/gnb/08022024/GNB_buds3-pro_168x136.png?$168_136_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/gnb/07152024/GNB_6_ring_168x136.png?$LazyLoad_Home_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/gnb/07152024/GNB_6_ring_168x136.png?$168_136_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/gnb/07152024/GNB_7_s24-s24plus_168x136.png?$LazyLoad_Home_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/gnb/07152024/GNB_7_s24-s24plus_168x136.png?$168_136_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/gnb/07152024/GNB_7_Tab-S9_168x136.png?$LazyLoad_Home_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/gnb/07152024/GNB_7_Tab-S9_168x136.png?$168_136_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/gnb/08022024/GNB_buds3_168x136.png?$LazyLoad_Home_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/gnb/08022024/GNB_buds3_168x136.png?$168_136_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08162024/W34_KV1_D_1440x640-1x.jpeg?imwidth=1366",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08162024/W34_KV2_M_360x540-2x.jpeg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08162024/W34_KV2_M_360x540-2x.jpeg?imwidth=360",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08142024/SDSAC-7789-LDY-Combo-Free-Vac-HP-KV-MB-720x1080.jpg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08142024/SDSAC-7789-LDY-Combo-Free-Vac-HP-KV-MB-720x1080.jpg?imwidth=360",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08162024/Scom_HP_KV1_Q6-B6-mo.jpg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08162024/Scom_HP_KV1_Q6-B6-mo.jpg?imwidth=360",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/08192024/HP-KV3-WatchUltra-Lifestyle5_081924_MO.jpg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/08192024/HP-KV3-WatchUltra-Lifestyle5_081924_MO.jpg?imwidth=360",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08162024/HP-HD01-HomeKVCarousel-Buds3Pro-Lifestyle-M.jpg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08162024/HP-HD01-HomeKVCarousel-Buds3Pro-Lifestyle-M.jpg?imwidth=360",
"https://image-us.samsung.com/us/icons/close.svg",
"https://image-us.samsung.com/SamsungUS/pzn/Icon-Google_Calendar-80x80.png",
"https://image-us.samsung.com/SamsungUS/pzn/Icon-Yahoo-80x80.png",
"https://image-us.samsung.com/SamsungUS/pzn/Icon-Outlook_Calendar-80x80.png",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08162024/FT06B_Banner_DT.jpg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08162024/FT06B_Banner_DT.jpg?$1440_N_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08162024/SDSAC-7897-S24U-HP-MM-LargeTile-DT-684x684.jpg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08162024/SDSAC-7897-S24U-HP-MM-LargeTile-DT-684x684.jpg?$684_684_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08162024/SDSAC-7897-GB4-Edge-HP-MM-SmallTile-Fullbleed-DT-330x330.jpg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08162024/SDSAC-7897-GB4-Edge-HP-MM-SmallTile-Fullbleed-DT-330x330.jpg?$330_330_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08192024/SDSAC-7814-LS57CG952NNXZA-HP-MM-SmallTile-DT-160x160.png?$LazyLoad_Home_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08192024/SDSAC-7814-LS57CG952NNXZA-HP-MM-SmallTile-DT-160x160.png?$160_160_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08162024/CX-BackToSchool-CO35-New-BudsPro3-DT.jpg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08162024/CX-BackToSchool-CO35-New-BudsPro3-DT.jpg?$330_330_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/08192024/SDSAC-7919-Q80C-HP-MM-SmallTile-DT-160x160-1.png?$LazyLoad_Home_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/08192024/SDSAC-7919-Q80C-HP-MM-SmallTile-DT-160x160-1.png?$160_160_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08022024/HOME_Q6-OnlineExclusive_Merchandising_684x684_pc.jpg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08022024/HOME_Q6-OnlineExclusive_Merchandising_684x684_pc.jpg?$684_684_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/07292024/SDSAC-7742_S24U_ETI_MM_Small_Tile_DT_160x160.png?$LazyLoad_Home_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/07292024/SDSAC-7742_S24U_ETI_MM_Small_Tile_DT_160x160.png?$160_160_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/2407/homepage/Scom_HP_CO05-Mobile_Card-4_WatchUltra-pc-latest.jpg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/2407/homepage/Scom_HP_CO05-Mobile_Card-4_WatchUltra-pc-latest.jpg?$330_330_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08162024/Product-Tile-Chiefs-DT.png?$LazyLoad_Home_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08162024/Product-Tile-Chiefs-DT.png?$160_160_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/2407/homepage/Scom_HP_CO05-Mobile_Card-5_BudsPro-pc-latest.jpg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/2407/homepage/Scom_HP_CO05-Mobile_Card-5_BudsPro-pc-latest.jpg?$330_330_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08162024/SDSAC-7919-QE1D-HP-MM-LargeTile-DT-684x684.jpg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08162024/SDSAC-7919-QE1D-HP-MM-LargeTile-DT-684x684.jpg?$684_684_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08162024/SDSAC-7919-Q80C-HP-MM-SmallTile-DT-160x160.png?$LazyLoad_Home_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08162024/SDSAC-7919-Q80C-HP-MM-SmallTile-DT-160x160.png?$160_160_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08162024/SDSAC-7919-QN90C-HP-MM-SmallTile-DT-160x160.png?$LazyLoad_Home_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08162024/SDSAC-7919-QN90C-HP-MM-SmallTile-DT-160x160.png?$160_160_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08162024/SDSAC-7919-QNX1D-HP-MM-SmallTile-DT-160x160.png?$LazyLoad_Home_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08162024/SDSAC-7919-QNX1D-HP-MM-SmallTile-DT-160x160.png?$160_160_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08162024/SDSAC-7906-S800D-HP-MM-SmallTile-DT-160x160.png?$LazyLoad_Home_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08162024/SDSAC-7906-S800D-HP-MM-SmallTile-DT-160x160.png?$160_160_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/07242024/SDSAC-7789-LDY-Combo-Free-Vac-MM-LargeTile-new-DT-684x684.jpg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/07242024/SDSAC-7789-LDY-Combo-Free-Vac-MM-LargeTile-new-DT-684x684.jpg?$684_684_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/07242024/9900-FH-MM-Small-Tile-DT.jpg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/07242024/9900-FH-MM-Small-Tile-DT.jpg?$330_330_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08142024/8700-LDY-MM-DT.jpg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08142024/8700-LDY-MM-DT.jpg?$330_330_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/06142024-2/NSE6DB850012AA-desktop.jpg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/06142024-2/NSE6DB850012AA-desktop.jpg?$330_330_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08142024/RF29BB8600QL-LDY-MM-DT.jpg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08142024/RF29BB8600QL-LDY-MM-DT.jpg?$330_330_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08162024/SDSAC-7814-LS57CG952NNXZA-HP-MM-LargeTile-DT-684x684.jpg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08162024/SDSAC-7814-LS57CG952NNXZA-HP-MM-LargeTile-DT-684x684.jpg?$684_684_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08162024/SDSAC-7898-Tab-S9FE-HP-MM-SmallTile-DT-160x160.png?$LazyLoad_Home_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08162024/SDSAC-7898-Tab-S9FE-HP-MM-SmallTile-DT-160x160.png?$160_160_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/07262024/SDSAC-7816_GB4_Ultra_GB4_Pro_360_Tab_S9FE_MM_Small_Tile_DT_160x160.png?$LazyLoad_Home_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/07262024/SDSAC-7816_GB4_Ultra_GB4_Pro_360_Tab_S9FE_MM_Small_Tile_DT_160x160.png?$160_160_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08162024/SDSAC-7740-04-LS27C900PANXZA-HP-MM-SmallTile-DT-160x160.png?$LazyLoad_Home_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08162024/SDSAC-7740-04-LS27C900PANXZA-HP-MM-SmallTile-DT-160x160.png?$160_160_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08092024/SDSAC-7832-LS49CG954SNXZA-HP-MM-SmallTile-DT-160x160.png?$LazyLoad_Home_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08092024/SDSAC-7832-LS49CG954SNXZA-HP-MM-SmallTile-DT-160x160.png?$160_160_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08162024/Scom_HP_LOB-Eagles-DT.jpg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08162024/Scom_HP_LOB-Eagles-DT.jpg?$1440_810_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/07112024/Scom_HP_LOB-Mobile_Card-1_Q6-pc.jpg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/07112024/Scom_HP_LOB-Mobile_Card-1_Q6-pc.jpg?$1440_810_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/05262024/SDSAC-7185-S24U-HP-LOB-FullBleed-DT-1440x810.jpg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/05262024/SDSAC-7185-S24U-HP-LOB-FullBleed-DT-1440x810.jpg?$1440_810_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/2407/homepage/Scom_HP_LOB-Mobile_Card-3_X2-pc.jpg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/2407/homepage/Scom_HP_LOB-Mobile_Card-3_X2-pc.jpg?$1440_810_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/2407/homepage/Scom_HP_LOB-Mobile_Card-5_BudsPro-pc.jpg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/2407/homepage/Scom_HP_LOB-Mobile_Card-5_BudsPro-pc.jpg?$1440_810_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/homepage/08192024/W34_LoB1_D_1440x8101x.jpeg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/homepage/08192024/W34_LoB1_D_1440x8101x.jpeg?$1440_810_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/homepage/08192024/W34_LoB2_D_1440x8101x.jpeg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/homepage/08192024/W34_LoB2_D_1440x8101x.jpeg?$1440_810_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/homepage/08192024/W34_LoB3_D_1440x8101x.jpeg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/homepage/08192024/W34_LoB3_D_1440x8101x.jpeg?$1440_810_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/07102024-2/LOB1DT.jpg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/07102024-2/LOB1DT.jpg?$1440_810_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/07102024-2/LOB2DT.jpg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/07102024-2/LOB2DT.jpg?$1440_810_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/07102024-2/LOB3DT.jpg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/07102024-2/LOB3DT.jpg?$1440_810_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08142024/LOB-LDY-DT.png?$LazyLoad_Home_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08142024/LOB-LDY-DT.png?$1440_810_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/07192024/SDSAC-7399-S95C-2-HP-LOB-FullBleed-DT-1440x810.jpg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/07192024/SDSAC-7399-S95C-2-HP-LOB-FullBleed-DT-1440x810.jpg?$1440_810_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/04192024/EarthDay-KVSGlobal-Recycling-Day_KV_HP_DT_1440X810_2.jpg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/04192024/EarthDay-KVSGlobal-Recycling-Day_KV_HP_DT_1440X810_2.jpg?$1440_810_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/04192024/EarthDay_RR_DT.JPG?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/04192024/EarthDay_RR_DT.JPG?$1440_810_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08092024/co15_half-teasher-list-2_pc_684x684.jpg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/08092024/co15_half-teasher-list-2_pc_684x684.jpg?$684_684_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/40821/im0106_home-explore-banner_pc_684x684_Q6B6.jpg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/40821/im0106_home-explore-banner_pc_684x684_Q6B6.jpg?$684_684_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/07122024-2/Hero_684x684.jpg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/07122024-2/Hero_684x684.jpg?$684_684_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/04302024/homepage_explore_MRbeast_PC.jpg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/04302024/homepage_explore_MRbeast_PC.jpg?$684_684_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/06032024-2/ExploreZone_Hero_684x684.jpg?$LazyLoad_Home_JPG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/home/06032024-2/ExploreZone_Hero_684x684.jpg?$684_684_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/image/samsung/assets/us/footer/app_qr_desktop.png?$ORIGIN_PNG$",
"https://images.samsung.com/is/content/samsung/assets/us/footer/text-banner-2.svg"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
"us"
] | null |
[] |
2024-08-20T00:00:00
|
Discover the latest in electronic & smart appliance technology with Samsung. Find the next big thing from smartphones & tablets to laptops & tvs & more.
|
en
|
/etc.clientlibs/samsung/clientlibs/consumer/global/clientlib-common/resources/images/Favicon.png
|
Samsung
|
https://www.samsung.com/us/
|
Samsung and Cookies
This site uses cookies to personalise your experience, analyse site traffic and keep track of items stored in your shopping basket. By Clicking ACCEPT or continuing to browse the site you are agreeing to our use of cookies. See our Privacy Policy here. | Do not Sell or Share My Personal Information
|
||||
9206
|
dbpedia
|
3
| 26
|
http://www.oaugf.ng/6thawam2016/index.php/about/nigeria
|
en
|
Nigeria
|
[
"http://www.oaugf.ng/6thawam2016/modules/mod_gtranslate/tmpl/lang/blank.png",
"http://www.oaugf.ng/6thawam2016/modules/mod_gtranslate/tmpl/lang/blank.png",
"http://www.oaugf.ng/6thawam2016/images/eventx/Nigeria/African_huts_Obudu_Cattle_Ranch_Resort_Calabar.jpg",
"http://www.oaugf.ng/6thawam2016/images/eventx/Nigeria/agugu_fishing_festival_kebbi_state.jpg",
"http://www.oaugf.ng/6thawam2016/images/eventx/Nigeria/Cultural_Heritage_of_Nigeria.jpg",
"http://www.oaugf.ng/6thawam2016/images/eventx/Nigeria/Gurara_Falls_Niger_State.jpg",
"http://www.oaugf.ng/6thawam2016/images/eventx/Nigeria/Marina-Business-Hub-Mainland-Lagos.jpeg",
"http://www.oaugf.ng/6thawam2016/images/eventx/Nigeria/national-arts-theatre.jpg",
"http://www.oaugf.ng/6thawam2016/images/eventx/Nigeria/Obudu_Cattle_Ranch_Calabar_Cross_River.jpg",
"http://www.oaugf.ng/6thawam2016/images/eventx/Nigeria/Sukur_Kingdom_Adamawa_State.jpg",
"http://www.oaugf.ng/6thawam2016/images/eventx/Nigeria/zuma-rock-suleja-niger_state3.jpg"
] |
[
"https://www.youtube.com/embed/a9Ct-EWP0zc"
] |
[] |
[
"OAuGF",
"AFROSAI",
"SAI",
"Nigeria\nWGEA"
] | null |
[
"Super User"
] | null |
AFROSAI Working Group on Environmental Auditing Annual Meeting
|
en
|
/6thawam2016/templates/tx_eventx/favicon.ico
| null |
Nigeria, an African country on the Gulf of Guinea, is known for its natural landmarks and wildlife reserves. Safari destinations such as Cross River National Park and Yankari National Park showcase waterfalls, dense rainforest, savanna and rare primate habitats.
One of its most recognizable sites is Zuma Rock, a 725m-tall monolith outside the capital of Abuja that’s pictured on the national currency. Modern-day Nigeria has been the site of numerous kingdoms and tribal states for millennia. The modern state originated from British colonial rule beginning in the 19th century, and the merging of the Southern Nigeria Protectorate and Northern Nigeria Protectorate in 1914. The British set up administrative and legal structures whilst practicing indirect rule through traditional chiefdoms.
Nigeria became a formally independent Federation in 1960, and plunged into a civil war from 1967 to 1970. It has since alternated between democratically-elected civilian governments and military dictatorships, until it achieved a stable democracy in 1999. Nigeria is often referred to as the "Giant of Africa", owing to its large population and economy.
With approximately 174 million inhabitants, Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa and the seventh most populous country in the world. Nigeria has one of the largest populations of youth in the world. The country is viewed as a multinational state, as it is inhabited by over 500 ethnic groups, of which the three largest are the Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba; these ethnic groups speak over 500 different languages, and are identified with wide variety of cultures. Nigeria is the world's 20th largest economy, worth more than $500 billion and $1 trillion in terms of nominal GDP and purchasing power parity respectively. It overtook South Africa to become Africa's largest economy in 2014.
Also, the debt-to-GDP ratio is only 11 percent, which is 8 percent below the 2012 ratio. Nigeria is considered to be an emerging market by the World Bank. It has been identified as a regional power on the African continent.
|
|||||
9206
|
dbpedia
|
0
| 24
|
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/african-studies-review/article/collapse-of-the-gold-standard-in-africa-money-and-colonialism-in-the-interwar-period/A880DDE28C6AD4DC5D558B7599D4AD69
|
en
|
The Collapse of the Gold Standard in Africa: Money and Colonialism in the Interwar Period
|
[
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/cambridge-core/public/images/icn_circle__btn_close_white.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/cambridge-core/public/images/logo_core.png",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/cambridge-core/public/images/logo_core.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/cambridge-core/public/images/logo_core.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/cambridge-core/public/images/logo_core.svg",
"https://static.cambridge.org/covers/ASR_0_0_0/african-studies-review.jpg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/save-pdf-icon.080470e.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/pdf-download-icon.c7fb40c.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/pdf-download-icon.c7fb40c.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/dropbox-icon.3d57046.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/google-drive-icon.a50193b.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/close-icon.194b28a.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/share-icon.cbcfad8.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/close-icon.194b28a.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/cite-icon.44eaaa4.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/rights-icon.d4a677c.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/license-cc-icon.e3a74ed.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/license-by-icon.33e212c.svg",
"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20230926150328567-0203:S0002020622001330:S0002020622001330_fig1.png?pub-status=live",
"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20230926150328567-0203:S0002020622001330:S0002020622001330_fig2.png?pub-status=live",
"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20230926150328567-0203:S0002020622001330:S0002020622001330_fig3.png?pub-status=live",
"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20230926150328567-0203:S0002020622001330:S0002020622001330_fig1.png",
"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20230926150328567-0203:S0002020622001330:S0002020622001330_fig2.png",
"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20230926150328567-0203:S0002020622001330:S0002020622001330_fig3.png",
"https://assets.crossref.org/logo/crossref-logo-100.png",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Google_Scholar_logo_2015.PNG",
"https://assets.crossref.org/logo/crossref-logo-100.png",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/cambridge-core/public/images/cambridge_logo.png"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Leigh Gardner"
] | null |
The Collapse of the Gold Standard in Africa: Money and Colonialism in the Interwar Period - Volume 66 Issue 3
|
en
|
/core/cambridge-core/public/images/favicon.ico
|
Cambridge Core
|
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/african-studies-review/article/collapse-of-the-gold-standard-in-africa-money-and-colonialism-in-the-interwar-period/A880DDE28C6AD4DC5D558B7599D4AD69
|
How did colonialism impact African monetary systems? There is now a substantial literature debating the impact of colonial policies which were intended to impose single currencies linked to metropolitan monetary systems within colonial boundaries.Footnote 1 Such policies served a number of purposes for colonial governments, ranging from a reduction in transaction costs for merchants and governments to a physical and symbolic demonstration of colonial control (Helleiner Reference Helleiner2002). However, the slow and uneven displacement of precolonial currencies by colonial coins and notes also revealed the limits of that control. Africans not only continued to use indigenous currencies such as cowrie shells and kissi pennies, but also retained long-standing practices of negotiating values between multiple currencies (Guyer Reference Guyer2004).
This literature has focused primarily on the opening decades of the colonial period and on the relationship between colonial and indigenous currencies. It has, however, generally neglected the fact that the colonial period as a whole was one of significant monetary instability affecting metropolitan states and, by extension, the African economies linked to them through colonialism. During the period of colonial conquest in Africa, European currencies (and the colonial currencies linked to them) enjoyed stable rates of exchange through the collective enforcement of the pre-war gold standard. This stability vanished with the outbreak of World War I, when imperial powers first abandoned the gold standard and then attempted unsuccessfully to revive it. This instability makes this period, as Barry Eichengreen puts it, one with “an exceptionally rich menu of international monetary experience” (Reference Eichengreen1990:1–2). While this menu has been widely explored for Europe and North America, the impact of this interwar monetary instability on colonial economies remains neglected. How did fluctuations in the exchange rates of colonial currencies impact the monetary systems which had emerged in Africa during the early colonial period? To what extent were colonial states able to manage this instability? And how did producers, merchants, and other stakeholders respond to the rapidly changing global economic situation?
This article explores these questions through a discussion of three different crises for African states during the 1920s and 1930s which were directly tied to fluctuations in the exchange rates of colonial currencies. These include the demonetization of the franc in The Gambia, the rupee crisis in Kenya, and independent Liberia’s shift from using British West African currencies to the US dollar. Together, these incidents illustrate three points about the impact of colonialism and globalization on African monetary systems. First, they go beyond existing arguments about the limits of colonial power to show the degree to which African governments struggled to adapt to changing global economic conditions. All three crises originated in some way in policies adopted during the era of gold standard stability which later became untenable. Second, they show that Africans’ facility with managing multiple currencies extended to the colonial currencies in circulation, and Africans responded readily to opportunities for arbitrage profits created by exchange rate fluctuations—marginal gains for the colonial era. Finally, they suggest that any comprehensive history of interwar monetary instability and the collapse of the gold standard needs to look beyond Europe to consider the impact on economies linked to European monetary systems through colonialism.
|
||||
9206
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 87
|
https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/ng/ng_full.html
|
en
|
Commanding Heights : Nigeria
|
[
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/ng/images/co_report_lo_flagng.jpg",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/co_report_lo_logo.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/co_report_rule80B4B6.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/co_report_rule80B4B6.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/co_report_rule80B4B6.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/co_report_rule80B4B6.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/co_report_rule80B4B6.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/singpix.gif",
"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/countries/images/co_report_rule80B4B6.gif"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null | null |
British colonial influence becomes more concentrated during the 19th century. Growing economic involvement, particularly in the export of palm oil, leads to the annexation of the port of Lagos in 1861. The Royal Niger Company establishes and expands political and economic administration until transferring authority to the crown in 1900. Protectorates are established in North, South, and East.
Britain formally establishes the Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria in 1914 under the governorship of Sir Frederick Lugard. Separate administrative units are created to allow government through "indirect rule." The British interact with a select few indigenous rulers and institutions, and contact with the majority of the population is limited. Africans are barred from political power.
Indirect rule spawns a nationalist movement. Protesting the increased authority granted the traditional elite (kings and tribal chiefs) by the British, nationalists attempt to work within the colonial structure toward a variety of sociopolitical and economic goals. Nationalist positions include opposition to taxation and the establishment of municipal self-government.
Economic depression brings hardship, unemployment, and heightened nationalist consciousness. European entities such as the United Africa Company, which controls 40 percent of the import/export trade, stir discontent with colonial domination. Italy's 1935 invasion of Ethiopia and the rise in popularity of journalist and anticolonial nationalist Nnamdi Azikiwe help focus unrest on colonial rule.
The nationalist movement gains momentum during World War II as Nigerian soldiers are exposed to Allied propaganda that touts liberty, freedom, and equality. India's independence from Britain in 1947 intensifies the movement, and postwar restructuring increases pressure on the British to grant its colonies independence. The economic environment worsens after a wartime growth spurt.
Concessions by the colonial government pave the way for Nigerian independence. Maneuvering begins in earnest as ethnic and regional interests that determine loyalties and alliances dominate the political landscape. A British-sponsored 1953 conference in London brings together members of competing political parties and regions to determine the constitution for the soon-to-be independent nation.
After 15 years of gradual constitutional reforms and peaceful transfer of power, Nigeria gains independence on October 1, 1960. Alhaji Abubakar Tafawa Balewa is elected prime minister. His majority Northern People's Party governs in coalition with Herbert Macaulay's Nigerian National Council, which has the support of the Eastern Igbos. Presidential elections are set for 1963.
The Federal Republic of Nigeria is declared on October 1, 1963. Nnamdi Azikiwe is elected president. Brewing regional resentment over perceived Northern domination in the federal government prevents agreement on a long-range economic development plan. The nascent government inherits control of a highly centralized economy from its colonial predecessors.
Gen. Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi assumes power in a military coup fueled by regional hostilities. He dissolves the legislature, suspends the constitution, and establishes a military government. Appointed military governors replace elected civilian representatives. Ironsi is soon killed in a countercoup mounted by Northern elements. Lt. Col. Yakubu Gowon takes power.
Eastern regional leaders refuse to recognize Gowon's authority. Negotiations to resolve the North's ethnic violence and general conflict over economic policy and political administration are fruitless. In May 1967 the East declares the Independent Republic of Biafra. Gowon immediately attacks. By the time the fledgling republic surrenders in 1970, more than one million people have died.
Nigeria joins OPEC as the world's seventh largest petroleum-producing country, with crude oil exportation dominating the economy. Although the state controls the oil, it depends on foreign companies for extraction and maintains a role of granting licenses and collecting fees. Gowon's military regime continues to centralize power and reneges on promises to return the government to civilian rule.
Gowon's administration is overthrown in a bloodless coup in July 1975. Lt. Gen. Murtala Muhammad takes power, promising political and economic reforms and a return to civilian rule. Within a year, Muhammad is assassinated, and Lt. Gen. Olusegun Obasanjo replaces him, earning the respect of the people by continuing both his predecessor's reform programs and the transition to the Second Republic.
Alhaji Shehu Shagari is elected president in 1979. Decentralization of power continues as states receive more revenue allocation and the authority to collect taxes. But widespread corruption impedes development prospects. Despite falling oil prices, government spending continues and debt climbs. After bloody ethnic and religious clashes, two million illegal immigrants are expelled.
A failing economy, widespread political corruption, and broad civil unrest contribute to the Second Republic's collapse. Muhammadu Buhari, brought to power by military coup, imposes draconian measures on Nigeria, punishing those associated with the civilian government, curtailing press freedom, subordinating the judiciary to the military, and failing to announce a planned return to civilian rule.
Gaining power in a 1985 coup, Ibrahim Babangida promises a return to civilian rule and policies designed to address economic woes and rampant corruption. While his regime uses tactics to stall the governmental transition, it also launches the Structural Adjustment Program (SAP), a comprehensive economic austerity package meant to deemphasize governmental control of economic interests.
Babangida's reign ends in disgrace when he annuls the 1993 elections, of which Moshood Abiola was the clear victor. SAP policies result in devaluation of Naira, unemployment, and a cost of living unbearable for most Nigerians. Babangida resigns, turning the government over to his handpicked transitional council. The council's leader, Ernest Shonekan, is promptly ousted by Gen. Sani Abacha.
Widely considered the most corrupt dictator of the post-colonial era, Abacha tramples human rights and brings the country to the brink of destruction while claiming to make plans for another return to civilian rule. Abacha abolishes all state and local governments, the federal legislature, and political activity. Abiola is jailed. Civil unrest builds.
Gen. Abdulsalami Abubakar replaces Abacha. Abubakar reaches out diplomatically to other African nations and the West in an effort to restore Nigeria's image. Human rights violations recede, but the continued expenditure of revenues on debt servicing, rather than on social services and basic necessities, prevents infrastructure improvements and stokes discontent.
Olusegun Obasanjo, forced from power almost 25 years earlier, wins the 1999 presidential election. Monetary policy, agricultural revitalization, political stability, a war on corruption, and privatization of parastatals are all announced as reform priorities, but holding the country together amid dramatic civil unrest and violent religious clashes quickly takes precedence.
The adoption of sharia (Islamic law) in the Northern states, continued difficulties of economic management, the volatility of oil prices, and ongoing regional and local protest movements make governing Nigeria extremely difficult. Spending outpaces revenue, and President Obasanjo is under constant political pressure.
Violence escalates in the Southern provinces during the weeks preceding national and regional elections. Ethnic and tribal tensions flare. As opposing political parties vie for control of Nigeria's richest oilfields, reports of election irregularities in that region are rife. Oil output drops. President Obasanjo wins a sweeping victory amid widespread accusations of election fraud.
back to top
Of Nigeria's many ethnic groups, the West's Yoruba, the Southeast's Igbo, and the North's Hausa represent the largest regional divisions. The three are divided by language, ethnicity, religious beliefs, and cultural traditions. British colonial administration encourages their deep cultural separation, which reinforces a natural impediment to national and political unity.
Governor-General Frederick Lugard implements a local format of indirect rule, borrowed from its perceived successful implementation in India and Sudan. The British colonial administration uses select local leaders to carry out colonial regulations and laws, thereby minimizing direct contact with the people and also opposition to the policies and intrusion of a foreign authority.
A nationalist movement led by such charismatic figures as Herbert Macaulay and Nnamdi Azikiwe gives voice to anticolonial dissent. Local legislative councils evolve under the hegemony of colonial rule and exchange ideas about nationalization and administrative participation with other councils. Though their demands are rebuffed, a lasting nationalist consciousness is born.
The Nigerian National Council is formed in 1944 in response to the colonial administration's refusal to consider nationalist demands. With Herbert Macaulay as president and Nnamdi Azikiwe as secretary general, the council opens membership to all Nigerians in an effort at unity. With a goal of self-governance, the council shuns its past passive willingness to work within the current administration.
The British begin to yield to Nigeria's nationalist movement and mounting postwar pressure to decolonize. Constitutional revisions in 1947 allow for the creation of a central legislative body. The following year, large-scale reforms are implemented. Steps are taken to "Nigerianize" the civil service, democratize the local legislatures, and expand social services.
The London Conference of 1953 yields a constitution for an independent Nigeria. It calls for the creation of a federation with a strong centralized government and regional administrations led by Nigerian-born premiers and ministers. But regional conflict dominates the political environment, and progress is thwarted by continual scrambling for position in anticipation of independence.
Even as Nigeria proclaims independence in 1960, regional conflicts worsen. Population-based regional representation at the federal level makes census-data collection and potential restructuring of geographical regions contentious. The populous North helps elect Prime Minister Balewa. His tenuous coalition government is unable to pursue unified national interests in a bitterly divided climate.
Nigeria's governmental structure is modeled on the British parliamentary system and includes three distinct branches -- legislative, judiciary, and executive -- which exist at both federal and regional levels. Newly elected President Nnamdi Azikiwe fails to end increasingly violent regional clashes that result in deadly rioting and the eventual overthrow of the civilian government.
Eastern leaders declare the Independent Republic of Biafra after thousands of Igbo settlers die in ethnic clashes in the Muslim-dominated North. The leaders demand greater autonomy and the authority to retain tax and oil revenues. Lt. Col. Gowon's offer to divide the country into 12 states to prevent political domination by the North is rejected, and a brutally divisive civil war begins.
Following the civil war, Gowon's military regime continues to centralize power in the federal government. In 1974 he announces that his efforts toward stabilizing the political system will delay a return to civilian rule. Gowon promises to draft a new constitution subject to approval of the people, but a widespread feeling of disillusionment with his regime envelops the country.
Murtala Muhammad and Olusegun Obasanjo's military regimes stress commitment to civilian rule. Each continues a four-year transition program to restructure federal government, draft a new constitution, create new states, and hold state and federal elections by 1979. Policy initiatives include decentralizing power, forming national political parties, and combating inflation by reducing money supply.
President Alhaji Shehu Shagari governs from minority status amid struggle with opposition leaders. His administration continues the corrupt practices of post-civil war governments, subordinating long-term social and economic development programs to projects that provide potential for personal profit. Despite the turmoil, Shagari wins a second term in controversial 1983 elections.
Ibrahim Babangida assumes power in 1985 with an empty promise to return Nigeria to civil rule. His decision to annul a 1993 election won by Moshood Abiola throws the country into a political crisis and forces his resignation. Violent clashes between Muslims and Christians increase dramatically when Nigeria registers as a member of the Organization of the Islamic Conference in 1986.
Gen. Sani Abacha reinforces military rule. In spite of claims that he is preparing for a return to civilian government, he replaces elected legislatures with military appointees. Abacha lifts the ban on political activity that he himself imposed, but he imprisons Abiola and obstructs the formation of legitimate political parties. Abacha's abrupt death is followed by Abiola's death in prison.
Abdulsalami Abubakar guides the country into presidential elections; Olusegun Obasanjo, who led the 1976 military government, wins. Oil production and exportation become lightning rods for unrest as demonstrators use violent protests and strikes to underscore widespread socioeconomic inequalities, including a lack of access to basic resources, rampant unemployment, and environmental degradation.
The Northern states implement sharia, underscoring religious and regional differences and challenging the constitution, notably with death sentences for women convicted of adultery. Violent community protests over oil production and economic inequalities continue in the Niger Delta. President Obasanjo trounces his opponents in his bid for reelection, but charges of vote rigging abound.
back to top
The Royal Niger Company establishes stringent trade controls, including high tariffs on imports and exports and on foreign companies operating in the area. Large-scale processing enterprises spring up as focus shifts from food crops to cash crops in an export-oriented environment. Millions are put to work, migration is limited, and some Nigerian merchants begin to gain wealth, status, and power.
Emphasis on production of cash crops for export rather than food crops for sustenance benefits British colonial governors; local farmers, however, struggle to meet demand spurred by modernization of transportation and communication. Capital investment and long-term planning are ignored, as are Nigerian traditions. The South's socioeconomic development and modernization outpace the North's.
As Western markets boom, "developmental economics" policies become deeply rooted and centralized. They are embodied by the establishment of state-run marketing boards that artificially regulate the price farmers are paid for their crops. The colonial administration fails to develop a self-sustaining economic infrastructure or to create vehicles that equitably distribute wealth and social services.
The Great Depression reduces Britain's willingness to commit new money to the colony. The introduction of the pound sterling as the universal medium of exchange encourages export trade in tin, cotton, cocoa, groundnuts, and palm oil, but agricultural production continues to slide. Other than a handful of elite local businessmen, most Nigerians are excluded from economic participation.
Resource shortfalls in Europe brought on by the war effort temporarily increase the demand for raw materials, in particular tin and rubber. Prosperity is short-lived as artificially inflated demand ends with the war itself. Nigeria's strategic importance as a staging area and supply line during the war effort results in rapid development of airports and military bases, and roads to connect them.
The economy shows signs of life following a postwar lull. The colonial government's policy of "Nigerianization" opens jobs in the civil service and expands education. Reforms allow businesses to benefit from access to banks, loans, and government contracts. Exports increase dramatically, and new industries are established. Public spending on roads, energy, industry, and education grows.
Petroleum exports, firmly under state control, begin in 1958, two years after its discovery. Local officials work with foreign companies to produce and export what becomes the country's dominant economic resource. Nigeria realizes the enormous potential for revenue generation, but at the expense of the agricultural and manufacturing sectors. The Central Bank is created to monitor monetary policy.
Nigeria joins the IMF in 1961 and adheres to the Bretton Woods Agreement, which limits exchange restrictions and controls. A huge increase in government expenditure on administrative, social, and economic services and in revenue from taxes and loans follows. Inflationary pressures emerge as money supply increases by almost 30 percent and the cost of living rises at upwards of 5 percent a year.
The transition to the First Republic is difficult, largely because of an inherited colonial legacy that left an export-driven economy, a private sector dominated by foreign interests, and a widening gulf between a small elite class and a growing rural peasantry. Monetary restraint is implemented to curb inflation and stabilize the Naira, and imports are curtailed.
Economic focus is war-based, not long-term. Capital expenditure and manufacturing and agricultural sector growth rates fall. Crude oil accounts for 58 percent of total exports by 1970. Inflation continues to rise. Military rule turns a blind eye to abuses in the oil and manufacturing sectors as officials routinely engage in corrupt contract awards, kickbacks, and fraudulent joint enterprises.
Oil-generated revenues drive economic recovery and unprecedented budget surpluses. The government undertakes a Second National Development Plan to reconstruct facilities damaged during the war and to promote social and economic development. The economy is increasingly dependent on petroleum, which accounts for 81 percent of Nigeria's total exports by 1974 and is subject to wild price fluctuations.
Extreme government spending leads to a bloated money supply, which in turn spawns a food crisis, unemployment, swollen defense budget, and widespread inflation. A Third National Development Plan aims for greater control over oil production, processing, and distribution. A "Nigeria First" campaign encourages foreign business ventures to sell outright to Nigerians or to work as joint ventures.
The Second Republic's constitution calls for a mixed economy, but President Shagari helms an administration, like the colonial ones of the past, in which those in power maintain absolute control of all profitable sectors of the economy to ensure personal gain. Global recession, combined with a sharp drop in oil prices in 1981, puts further pressure on the economy. A period of stagflation follows.
Despite an economic downturn, public-sector government spending continues unabated as the budget deficit climbs. Significant domestic and external loans taken out to meet basic needs and the subsequent servicing of those loans further drain the economy. Military government leader Buhari fails to negotiate debt rescheduling, refusing IMF austerity measures which include devaluing the Naira.
The World Bank-sponsored Structural Adjustment Program (SAP) is launched, emphasizing economic discipline, deregulation, and austerity. SAP allows market forces, not government, to dictate the economic environment. Measures include devaluing the Naira, slashing public spending, stimulating exports and the private sector, removing import licenses, reducing tariffs, and selling parastatals.
SAP collapses under the weight of severe currency devaluation and dramatic surges in inflation and the cost of living. External debt skyrockets, and subsequent debt servicing results in public-expenditure cutbacks. Attempts at privatization allow wealthy individuals to gain ownership of previously state-run enterprises, intensifying the inequality of wealth distribution.
Oil dependence peaks under Abacha at more than 90 percent of total exports. Oil production and the accompanying environmental degradation devastates other economic sectors, particularly agriculture. Abacha officially abandons SAP and, in keeping with his autocratic regime, favors state control of foreign exchange, finance, and trade. Corruption is unchecked at all levels of the failing economy.
As the 1998 federal budget reveals a huge deficit, a devastated economy hits a 20-year low in both manufacturing and industrial output. Inflation is well into the double digits, and Nigeria ranks as the world's 13th poorest country. The Abubakar administration enacts policies aimed at privatizing state-run businesses, reducing government spending, and opening the country to foreign trade.
A legacy of mismanagement greets Obasanjo on his return to power, with external debt topping US$30 billion. Facing rising inflation and continued currency devaluation, he legislates macroeconomic programs to liberalize the economy. Most significantly, he promises a firm commitment to "guided deregulation," specifically privatization of state-owned industries, including energy and transportation.
Public spending exceeds revenues and results in suspension of foreign debt repayment. Failure to reach agreement with the IMF imperils new international support. As striking oil workers take hundreds hostage on foreign-owned offshore rigs, oil production plummets, wiping out hoped-for short-term gains from hikes in oil prices due to war in Iraq. Obasanjo's efforts finally free the hostages.
back to top
|
||||||||
9206
|
dbpedia
|
3
| 4
|
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-economic-history/article/from-traditional-to-british-currency-in-southern-nigeria-analysis-of-a-currency-revolution-18801948/0153DA3573B899A5B76A22260D9994CB
|
en
|
From Traditional to British Currency in Southern Nigeria: Analysis of a Currency Revolution, 1880–1948
|
[
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/cambridge-core/public/images/icn_circle__btn_close_white.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/cambridge-core/public/images/logo_core.png",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/cambridge-core/public/images/logo_core.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/cambridge-core/public/images/logo_core.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/cambridge-core/public/images/logo_core.svg",
"https://static.cambridge.org/covers/JEH_0_0_0/the-journal-of-economic-history.jpg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/share-icon.cbcfad8.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/close-icon.194b28a.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/cite-icon.44eaaa4.svg",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/page-component/img/rights-icon.d4a677c.svg",
"https://assets.crossref.org/logo/crossref-logo-100.png",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Google_Scholar_logo_2015.PNG",
"https://assets.crossref.org/logo/crossref-logo-100.png",
"https://www.cambridge.org/core/cambridge-core/public/images/cambridge_logo.png"
] |
[
"https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-NTX72TG"
] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Walter I. Ofonagoro"
] | null |
From Traditional to British Currency in Southern Nigeria: Analysis of a Currency Revolution, 1880–1948 - Volume 39 Issue 3
|
en
|
/core/cambridge-core/public/images/favicon.ico
|
Cambridge Core
|
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-economic-history/article/abs/from-traditional-to-british-currency-in-southern-nigeria-analysis-of-a-currency-revolution-18801948/0153DA3573B899A5B76A22260D9994CB
|
19th August 2024: digital purchasing is currently unavailable on Cambridge Core. Due to recent technical disruption affecting our publishing operation, we are experiencing some delays to publication. We are working hard to restore services as soon as possible and apologise for the inconvenience. For further updates please visit our website: https://www.cambridge.org/universitypress/about-us/news-and-blogs/cambridge-university-press-publishing-update-following-technical-disruption
Skip to main content Accessibility help
We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.
Hostname: page-component-5c6d5d7d68-wbk2r Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-08-19T03:47:10.288Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
Article contents
Abstract
References
From Traditional to British Currency in Southern Nigeria: Analysis of a Currency Revolution, 1880–1948
Article contents
Abstract
References
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]
Abstract
Soon after establishing political control, the British colonial administration in southern Nigeria attempted to replace the existing currencies of the country with British currency. The traditional currencies competently discharged the functions of money, however, and it required fifty years before the pre-colonial currencies, attacked by the colonial authorities and unrecognized as legal tender, gradually lost standing and proved worthless to their last holders. Theoretical implications of these developments are discussed.
Type
Articles
Information
The Journal of Economic History , Volume 39 , Issue 3 , September 1979 , pp. 623 - 654
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022050700092949 [Opens in a new window]
Copyright
Copyright © The Economic History Association 1979
Access options
Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)
References
1
1 The literature on this subject is rather extensive. See, for instance,Jones, G. I., “Native and Trade Currencies in Southern Nigeria during the XVIII and XIX Centuries,” Africa, 28 (1958), 42–54CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Kirk-Greene, Anthony, “The Major Currencies in Nigerian History,” Journal of the Historical Society of Nigeria (hereafter JHSN), 2 (Dec. 1960), 132–50Google Scholar; Hopkins, Anthony, “The Currency Revolution in Southwest Nigeria in the Late Nineteenth Century,” JHSN, 3 (Dec. 1966)Google Scholar; and Johnson, Marion, “The Cowrie Currencies of West Africa,” Journal of African History, 11, 1 (1970), 17–49CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; and vol. 11, no. 3 (1970), 331–53.
2
2 Kirk-Greene, Anthony, “Major Currencies,” pp. 140–48Google Scholar. Cowries are shells of small molluscs from the Indian Ocean. They were widely used as money in Africa.
3
3 Ibid., p. 148.
4
4 Johnson, Marion, “Cowrie Currencies,” p. 24.Google Scholar
5
5 Ibid., pp. 28-33.
6
6 Nigerian Legislative Council Debates, 22nd Session, March 14, 1944, Statement by the Member from Banking, the Hon, K. M.Oliver, M. C. (Lagos: Government Printer, 1944), pp. 151–52.Google Scholar
7
7 Gann, L. H. and Duignan, Peter, The Economics of Colonialism (Cambridge, 1975), p. 37.Google Scholar
8
8 Hopkins, Anthony G., An Economic History of West Africa (New York, 1973), pp. 21–24.Google Scholar
9
9 Ibid., p. 71.
10
10 Ibid., p. 70. In Igboland, the Aros were the major bankers of the pre-colonial era. See Ofonagoro, “The Aro and Delta Middlemen of Southeast Nigeria and the Challenge of the Colonial Economy,” Journal ofAfrican Studies, 3, 2 (1976), 147. The “Egbo” society of Old Calabar had as one of its principal functions the recovery of bad debts: Ofonagoro, “The Opening Up of Southern Nigeria to British Trade, and its Consequences: Economic and Social History, 1881-1916” (Ph.D. diss., Columbia Univ., 1972), pp. 175–78Google Scholar.
11
11 Manillas were horseshoe-shaped pieces of metal (brass, bronze, or iron).
12
12 Basden, George T., Among the Ibos of Nigeria (London, 1920), p. 199.Google Scholar
13
13 Personal communication. I would like to record my gratitude to Professor Ekwueme Okoli of New York City Community College, to Mr. Metu of Eziama Ikeduru, Owerri; to Mr. B. N. Oriaku of Umuahia, to Mr. J. W. Aguzie of Isiekenesi, Orlu, and numerous others of that generation who have generously provided much information about cowries and other traditional currencies which they recalled using in the forties and in some cases as late as 1952.
14
14 , Hopkins, West Africa, p. 70.Google Scholar
13
13 Sir Gilbert Carter's general report on the Lagos interior expedition, 1893, No. II; The Possibilities of the Yoruba Country,” Lagos Weekly Record, June 2, 1894.
16
16 Public Record Office, London (hereafter PRO), Revise of Minutes of Evidence, Committee on the Currency of the West African Colonies, Nov. 17, 1899, Q498-Q502. In southeast Nigeria the equivalent was 6 cowries; Colonial Office, CO/520/4, Currency Committee Minutes of Evidence, 1899, Q655-Q658. Captain Denton served the government of Lagos as Colonial Secretary for 12 years, 1887-1889; during this period he acted as governor on the numerous occasions when the official incumbent went to England on leave. Mr. Wall administered the Customs Department of the Niger Coast Protectorate, 1891-1899; CO/520/4.
17
17 PRO, Revise of Minutes of Evidence, Committee on the Currency of West African Colonies, Nov. 17, 1899, Q498–Q502, CO/520/4.
18
18 Clough, Raymond Gore, Oil Rivers Trader (London, 1972), pp. 23–24.Google Scholar
19
19 Sir Frederick Lugard, The Dual Mandate in British Tropical Africa (rpt.; London, 1965), pp. 405 ff.
20
20 Sir Burns, Alan, History of Nigeria (London, 1962), p. 131.Google Scholar
21
21 Ibid., p. 96.
22
22 Nwaguru, J., Aba and British Rule (Enugu, Nigeria, 1973), p. 79.Google Scholar
23
23 W. Brandforth Griffiths to Governor Ussher, April 29, 1880, CO/147/41;Payne, J. Otonba, Payne's Lagos and West African Almanack (1893), pp. 43 and 54Google Scholar. Double eagles were American $20 gold coins. Eagles and half eagles are $10 and $5 gold coins, respectively. The French 20-franc pieces were gold coins minted by Napoleon Ill's government, 1853–1870. See also , Johnson, “Cowrie Currencies,” p. 23Google Scholar.
24
24 CO/444/1, Moor to Colonial Office, July 18, 1899. The Brass Chiefs confiscated 5,740 of these silver coins during their raid on the Royal Niger Company's Akassa depot in 1895, and even as late as 1901 the Lugard Administration accepted a portion of the southern Nigerian contribution to the revenue of northern Nigeria in Maria Theresa dollars; CO/520/8, Moor to Colonial Office, June 22,1901.
25
25 CO/147/41, Lt. Governor Brandforth Griffith to Governor Ussher, April 29, 1880.
26
26 Ibid.
27
27 Ryder, Alan, Benin and the Europeans, Appendix I, p. 295.Google Scholar
28
28 CO/444/1, Niger Coast Protectorate Bluebook, 1896-97, Head: “Legal tender currency, giving particulars and legislative authority.” On the antiquity of these currencies, see , Jones, “Native and Trade Currencies,” pp. 43–54Google Scholar. On the use of brass rods in the Calabar Country, see CO/444/1, “Report of Captain E. Roupell, Political Officer, Niger Coast Protectorate, to Sir Ralph Moor, on the state of the Upper Cross River,” enclosure in Moor to Colonial Office, 14/6/99.
29
29 CO/588/1, cf. Text of Native Currency Proclamation, No. 14 of 1902, sections 8 and 9.
30
30 , Basden, Among the Ibos of Nigeria, p. 198.Google Scholar
31
31 Ibid., p. 200. Basden makes the only known reference to the umumu in print. Further fieldwork may be necessary to establish its origins and distribution.
32
32 Ibid., p. 198. Cypraea Annulus were Mozambique cowries, and were valued at half the Cypraea Moneta variety, which came from the Maldive Islands.
33
33 CO/520/13, “Report on the Bluebook for 1900,” enclosure in Moor to Colonial Office, 24/1/02. Such cases were rare.
34
34 CO/444/1, Niger Coast Protectorate Bluebook, 1896/97, Head: “Legal Tender Currency.”
35
35 Ibid.
36
36 CO/520/4, Currency Committee, Minutes of Evidence, Nov. 17, 1899, Q583–90; and Q660–62 read concurrently.
37
37 Ibid., Q668.
38
38 Ibid., Q587, Q638, and Q653. The Administration's insistence on collecting revenues only in British currency was due to the fact that the bulk of the revenue was remitted to the Crown Agents in London, and held or invested there. Only funds sufficient to meet the small demands of the government in Africa—such as the payment of wages to laborers, and the purchase of small quantities of food, clothing, hardware, and building materials—were kept in the local Treasury. The salaries of officials were paid in London. In Africa they lived off their generous allowances, and in virtually free housing.
39
39 CO/520/8, Moor to Colonial Office, 12/6/01.
40
40 CO/520/8, Leslie Probyn to Colonial Office, Aug. 13, 1901.
41
41 These included the brass rod and the Perekule or Awonawo manillas valued at 3d. Next in value were the Prince manillas, valued at ¾d. For higher transactions a fictitious unit of account known as Ikpeghe (Kirk-Greene's Okpoho) existed, which was made up of four Nwaohuru manillas. Thus 2 Ikpeghe equalled 8 Nwaohuru manillas; PRO, CO/520/4, Currency Committee Minutes of Evidence, 1899, Q655-Q658. Other information has been acquired from personal communication fieldwork in Eastern Nigeria.
42
42 PRO, Revise of Minutes of Evidence, Currency Committee, 1899, Q532-Q534.
43
43 Payne's Almanack and Yearbook (1893), p. 54; See also CO/879/59 (Colonial Office Confidential Print), No. 16, Governor McCallum to Chamberlain, Aug. 4, 1897.
44
44 CO/879/59, No. 16, McCallum to Chamberlain, Aug. 4, 1897; CO/520/4, Currency Committee, Minutes of Evidence, 1899, Q472–Q473; and Q468.
45
45 Samuelson, Paul, Economics (New York, 1975).Google Scholar
46
46 CO/520/14, Moor to Colonial Office, 16/6/02. Sir Ralph Moor, the High Commissioner of Southern Nigeria, initially made the same mistake, but later went to great lengths to inform bis superiors of the error of regarding these currencies as barter items.
47
47 Burns, Arthur R., Money in Ancient Times, cited in A. Quiggin, A Survey of Primitive Money (London, 1963), p. 5.Google Scholar
48
48 , Basden, Among the Ibos of Nigeria, pp. 196–97.Google Scholar
49
49 CO/520/13, records of proceedings in the Supreme Court of Southern Nigeria, Assizes held at Asaba on 28 Nov. 1901, “Rex versus A. Plank.” Plank was convicted on two counts of falsification of accounts and forgery; he was at the time the Niger Company's station agent at Idah. The John Holt firm went one better, using the “measure” to fleece even their own locally-recruited staff, who were given contracts “of the usual native type, given to all our clerks in charge of stations—accepting responsibility for all goods entrusted to their care, etc…. They are paid in goods—thirty shillings per month—charged at native prices, the cost of which would be twenty shillings; goods are sent to them at Native prices also. For instance, we dispatch 50 measures of goods (each measures 5s., interior selling prices) and in return we expect 50 bushels of kernels.… The prices paid for kernels in these interior places enables us to pay all expenses and get the kernels down to Asaba at the same price paidfor them Asaba itself.” (Italics are mine.) Holt Papers, Box 1, file 6, extract from Mr. Drewett's letter dated Onitsha, July 5, 1905. For a description of “sortings,” “the ounce,” the “measure,” and the “Good For” see Hopkins, West Africa, p. Ill; Walter Ofonagoro, “The Opening Up of Southern Nigeria to British Trade,” pp. 168-71; and Clough, Oil Rivers Trader, p. 38.
50
50 Similar adjustments had been made by European traders over the years in other areas of West Africa. Examples include the “bar” in seventeenth-century Senegambia and Eastern Nigeria; the “sorting” used in the seventeenth century between the Gold Coast and Cameroons; and the “ounce” of eighteenth-century Gold Coast. See Johnson, Marion, “The Ounce in Eighteenth-Century West African Trade,” Journal ofAfrican History, 7 (1966), 197–214CrossRefGoogle Scholar; , Hopkins, West Africa, pp. 111–12Google Scholar.
51
51 On July 11, 1896, The Lagos Weekly Record drew attention to this problem: “The fart should not be lost sight of that in proportion as the interior natives learn the value of gold and silver as money, in like proportion will they be inclined to hoard it up. The majority of the native producers only come to the colony to exchange their produce for specie which they carry back and hoard up. Their wants in respect of European goods for actual consumption are very small.” In 1922 Lugard indicated that the local people were indeed hoarding their money rather than spending it on high-priced British imports; Lugard, The Dual Mandate, p. 264.
52
52 CO/446/24, F. Lugard to Joseph Chamberlain, July 19, 1902; cf. Minutes, H. Butler to R. An-trobus, Nov. 22, 1902.
53
53 Price, Ward, Dark Subjects, p. 251.Google Scholar
54
54 , Basden, Among the Ibos, pp. 196–200Google Scholar; Smith, M., Baba of Karo (London, 1964), p. 81Google Scholar.
55
55 CO/446/24, Minutes, Butler to Antrobus, Nov. 22, 1902. The hoarding of pennies in the United States has, in recent years, produced similar results.
56
56 CO/520/4, Currency Committee Minutes of Evidence, 1899, Q488, Evidence of Governor Den ton. See also Q498-Q502.
57
57 See Ofonagoro, “The Opening U p of Southern Nigeria,” pp. 12, 13, and 17, for further discussion of this theme.
58
58 An excellent example of this restriction of trade with foreign countries in favor of British goods was the action of the Colonial Government regarding the import of Japanese goods into the country; “The Imperial Government became perturbed about the entry of Japanese goods, such as socks at 3d a pair, and bicycles at 15-; in consequence, severe import restrictions were imposed to prevent them driving British goods off the market”; Price, Ward, Dark Subjects, p. 253Google Scholar.
59
59 , Hopkins, “The Currency Revolution,” p. 479.Google Scholar
60
60 CO/147/41, Griffiths to Ussher, April 29, 1880. See also London Times, March 26, 1880,-where the rate of 51¼ pennies to the dollar is quoted; and Hopkins, “The Currency Revolution,” p. 479.
61
61 CO/147/41, Griffiths to Ussher, April 29, 1880.
62
62 CO/147/41, Minutes, F.R.R. to Meade, July 20, 1880. See also Payne's Almanack (1893), p. 43, public notice re Ordinance No. 2 of 1880, issued by Acting Assistant Secretary Turton, and dated May 11, 1880.
63
63 CO/147/41, Minute by Governor Ussher, Accra, May 8, 1880. The text of the public notice of May 11, 1880, confirms that this was, in fact, what was done. As of May 21, 1880, “being ten clear days from the date of this notice,” only British silver coins would be accepted as legal tender by the Government of Lagos. See Payne's Almanack, p. 43, for text.
64
64 PRO, Index of Despatches from Governor Ussher to Colonial Office, 1880. See summaries of despatches No. 10126 of 27/5/80, No. 10145 of 1/6/80, and No. 10844 of 17/6/80. The above des-patches were destroyed by statute. See also Hopkins, “The Currency Revolution,” p. 480.
65
65 CO/520/4, revise of Minutes of evidence, Committee on the Currency of the West African Colonies, Nov. 17, 1899, Q518-Q522 and Q451-Q457. See also Hopkins, “The Currency Revolution,” pp. 480-81.
66
66 See Ellen Thorpe, Ladder of Bones, p. 218; and PRO, Index to Lagos Despatches, 1880, despatch No. 10132 of 31/5/80.
67
67 CO/520/4, revise of minutes of evidence, West African Currency Committee, 1899, Q518-522; Q455-457; and Hopkins, “The Currency Revolution,” p. 480.
68
68 CO/526/8, Moor to CO., June 22, 1901.
69
69 CO/879/59, enclosure in No. 21, “Correspondence relating to the currency of the West African Colonies”; CO/520/8, “Currency in Southern Nigeria,” the Butler Memorandum, Sept. 9, 1901.
70
70 See CO/588/1 for text. See also CO/520/13, “Report on the Bluebook for 1900,” enclosure in Moor to CO., 24/1/02.
71
71 CO/879/59, enclosure in No. 49, Moor to Chamberlain, Nov. 3, 1899; CO/520/9, Probyn to C.
72
72 CO/444/2, enclosure in Moor to C. O., 1/10/99.
73
73 CO/520/4, Minutes, W. A. Mercer to R. L. Anthrobus, March 23, 1900.
74
74 CO/520/8, Minutes, Butler to Anthrobus, 18/7/01.
75
75 ibid.
76
76 ibid.
77
77 In pre-colonial Niger Igbo communities, the Omu or market queen had exercised this function. See Basden, Among the Ibos, p. 195. In the Delta, the chiefs had exercised similar authority as regards rates of exchange between manillas and foreign currencies.
78
78 CO/588/1, “Native Courts Proclamation, No. 25 of 1901,” section XXXVI (ii).
79
79 Liverpool Chamber of Commerce, C. A. T. S. Minute Book, March 26, 1906 to May 13, 1907, “Commentary on the return of sterling values of native currency for the quarter ending December 31, 1905: Southern Nigeria Gazette, No. 10, April 13, 1906.” See also CO/588/1, text of “Native Currency Proclamation, No. 14 of 1902,” sections 8 and 9.
80
80 Report of the Departmental Committee Appointed to Inquire into Matters Affecting the Currency of the British West African Colonies and Possessions, Cd. 6427, 1912. See evidence of F. W. Fosbery, Provincial Commissioner, Southern Nigeria, pp. 28, 29, and 126.
81
81 West African Mail, March 15, 1912, “Eboe” to W. N. M. Geary.
82
82 Cd. 6247, 1912, evidence of Chief Ogolo at Currency Committee hearings, 1912.
83
83 Thorpe, Ladder of Bones, p. 220; The African Mail, Aug. 30, 1912, p. 479, “Openings for Trade.”
84
84 National Archives, Enugu, Nigeria: Riv. Prof. 2/1/83, No. C. 607, Vol. II, “Draft Report on Ma-nilla currency.” See also RG/B6 National Archives, Ibadan, Nigeria: “Report concerning Manilla currency as used in districts falling within the trading influence of Opobo, Bonny and Eket, with Memorandum relating to 1913,” dated Feb. 19, 1913.
85
85 National Archives, Enugu, Riv. Prof. 2/1/82, No. C. 607, Vol. I, Secretary Eastern Provinces to Residents, Owerri and Calabar Provinces, May 18,1946.
86
86 , Kirk-Greene, “The Major Currencies of Nigerian History,” p. 146Google Scholar; , Thorpe, Ladder of Bones, pp. 216–21Google Scholar; and The United Africa Company, Statistical and Economic Review, 3 (1949), 44–56Google Scholar.
87
87 Personal communication, J. W. Aguzie of Isiekenesi. His father, Job Aguzie of Aba (my grandfather) lost his fortune in the “operation manilla” of 1948. Their successors, the colonial elites of southeast Nigeria, lost their fortunes once more during the Nigeria/Biafra war when Nigerian currency was again changed and when, after the war, the victorious Nigerian government refused to treat Biafran currency as money.
88
88 , Thorpe, Ladder of Bones, p. 220.Google Scholar
89
89 Ibid., p. 217.
90
90 CO/444/1, Niger Coast Protectorate Bluebook; 1896/97, Head: “Legal tender currency, giving particulars and legislative authority.” See also “Report of Captain Roupell, Political Officer, Niger Coast Protectorate to Sir Ralph Moor, High Commissioner, on the state of the Upper Cross River,” enclosure in Moor to C. O., 14/6/99.
91
91 Lagos Weekly Record, June 4, 1894.
92
92 CO/879/59, No. 16, McCallum to C. O., Aug. 4, 1897. See also No. 18, The Treasury (through E. W. Hamilton) to C. O., Oct. 29, 1897; and Minutes, Butler to Anthrobus, Nov. 22, 1902.
93
93 Ibid.
94
94 Ibid.
95
95 Ibid.
96
96 CO/520/8, The Butler Memorandum, Section “A.”
97
97 See Holt Papers, 14/1, John Holt to Jonathan Holt, March 1, 1914. Sir Alfred Jones, chairman of the Bank of British West Africa, which stood to benefit from the currency change, encouraged Butler in this attitude.
98
98 CO/444/1, Messrs. Miller Brothers and Company to Joseph Chamberlain, 11/9/1899; Messrs Bey and Co. to Sir Ralph Moor, Dec. 13, 1899; Crown Agents to Bey and Co;, March 26, 1900; Bey and Co. to Crown Agents, April 4, 1900; and CO/520/4, Currency Committee Minutes of Evidence, Q498-Q502andQ671.
99
99 CO/520/14, Moor to C. O., 16/6/02; Holt Papers, 14/1, John Holt to Jonathon Holt, March 1, 1914.
100
100 See CO/588/1 for text. Section 2 of this proclamation banned importation of cowries and prescribed fines and terms of imprisonment for violators. See also Section 4.
101
101 Liverpool Chamber of Commerce, Committee of the African Trade Section, Minute Book, 1906-1907, enclosure in p. 204, Colonial Office to Committee of the African Trade Section, May 1, 1907.
102
102 CO/520/72, Treasury (through W. Blain) to C. O., 2/10/08 enclosure, Nigeria Coinage Order, 1908; Minutes, Butler to Crown Agents, 17/10/08; and CO/520/61, Butler to Strachey and Anth-robus, 23/6/08.
103
103 , Anene, Southern Nigeria in Transition, p. 295.Google Scholar
104
104 , Basden, Among the Ibos of Nigeria, p. 200.Google Scholar
105
105 , Thorpe, Ladder of Bones, p. 219Google Scholar; , Mars, “The Monetary and Banking System, and the Loan Market of Nigeria,” in Perham, Mining, Commerce, and Finance in Nigeria, p. 183Google Scholar. Further evidence has been derived from personal communications.
106
106 CO/520/4, Currency Committee, evidence of Captain Demon, Colonial Secretary of Lagos, 1887-1899,minutesof evidence, Q470–Q471.
107
107 , Basden, Among the Ibos of Nigeria, p. 199Google Scholar. Before the 1904 prohibition, 25 UKWU exchanged for a shilling. After 1904 the exchange rate changed gradually to 16, 15, and 13 UKWU to the shilling; and by 1915, 12 UKWU to the shilling. The UKWU = 60cowries.
108
108 , Basden, Among the Ibos, p. 198.Google Scholar
109
109 Personal communications.
110
110 Green, R. H. and Seidman, A., Unity or Poverty: The Economics of Pan-Africanism (Baltimore, 1968), p. 31Google Scholar. Green and Seidman confirm that “under colonial rule, modern economic development took place only in sectors limited almost exclusively to production for export, the import trade, and related collection and distribution services. These sectors did not directly affect the bulk of the population who continued to engage in low productivity food and handicraft production predominantly for their own use or sale in local markets.”
111
111 Price, Ward, Dark Subjects, p. 251Google Scholar; , Lugard, The Dual Mandate, p. 491Google Scholar.
112
112 , Lugard, The Dual Mandate, pp. 190, 491 ff., and 609Google Scholar. Some idea of the cash amounts of these profits may be gained from the performance of the West Africa Currency Board. In itsfirstfour years of operation, the Board shipped silver coin with a face value of over £4 million (excluding coins repatriated). The Board's assets on June 30, 1917, stood at £1,867,000, or an average of £497,000 per year.
113
113 G. O. Nwankwo, The Grammar of Money, Inaugural Lecture, University of Lagos, April 14, 1978, pp. 7 and 35. Nwankwo is the Professor of Finance, Chairman of the Department of Finance and Dean of the Faculty of Business Administration, University of Lagos, and Executive Director for Banking and Finance, the Central Bank of Nigeria.
25
Cited by
Cited by
Loading...
|