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gem-squad_v2-train-103600
572a1ca66aef05140015529e
East_Prussia
The Teutonic Order lost eastern Prussia when Grand Master Albert of Brandenburg-Ansbach converted to Lutheranism and secularized the Prussian branch of the Teutonic Order in 1525. Albert established himself as the first duke of the Duchy of Prussia and a vassal of the Polish crown by the Prussian Homage. Walter von Cronberg, the next Grand Master, was enfeoffed with the title to Prussia after the Diet of Augsburg in 1530, but the Order never regained possession of the territory. In 1569 the Hohenzollern prince-electors of the Margraviate of Brandenburg became co-regents with Albert's son, the feeble-minded Albert Frederick.
Who converted to Lutheranism and secularized the Prussian branch of the Teutonic Order?
Who converted to Lutheranism and secularized the Prussian branch of the Teutonic Order?
[ "Who converted to Lutheranism and secularized the Prussian branch of the Teutonic Order?" ]
{ "text": [ "Albert of Brandenburg-Ansbach" ], "answer_start": [ 58 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103601
572a1ca66aef05140015529f
East_Prussia
The Teutonic Order lost eastern Prussia when Grand Master Albert of Brandenburg-Ansbach converted to Lutheranism and secularized the Prussian branch of the Teutonic Order in 1525. Albert established himself as the first duke of the Duchy of Prussia and a vassal of the Polish crown by the Prussian Homage. Walter von Cronberg, the next Grand Master, was enfeoffed with the title to Prussia after the Diet of Augsburg in 1530, but the Order never regained possession of the territory. In 1569 the Hohenzollern prince-electors of the Margraviate of Brandenburg became co-regents with Albert's son, the feeble-minded Albert Frederick.
In what year did The Teutonic Order lose Eastern Prussia?
In what year did The Teutonic Order lose Eastern Prussia?
[ "In what year did The Teutonic Order lose Eastern Prussia?" ]
{ "text": [ "1525" ], "answer_start": [ 174 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103602
572a1ca66aef0514001552a0
East_Prussia
The Teutonic Order lost eastern Prussia when Grand Master Albert of Brandenburg-Ansbach converted to Lutheranism and secularized the Prussian branch of the Teutonic Order in 1525. Albert established himself as the first duke of the Duchy of Prussia and a vassal of the Polish crown by the Prussian Homage. Walter von Cronberg, the next Grand Master, was enfeoffed with the title to Prussia after the Diet of Augsburg in 1530, but the Order never regained possession of the territory. In 1569 the Hohenzollern prince-electors of the Margraviate of Brandenburg became co-regents with Albert's son, the feeble-minded Albert Frederick.
What did Albert establish himself as?
What did Albert establish himself as?
[ "What did Albert establish himself as?" ]
{ "text": [ "first duke of the Duchy of Prussia" ], "answer_start": [ 214 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103603
5a3be545cc5d22001a521c14
East_Prussia
The Teutonic Order lost eastern Prussia when Grand Master Albert of Brandenburg-Ansbach converted to Lutheranism and secularized the Prussian branch of the Teutonic Order in 1525. Albert established himself as the first duke of the Duchy of Prussia and a vassal of the Polish crown by the Prussian Homage. Walter von Cronberg, the next Grand Master, was enfeoffed with the title to Prussia after the Diet of Augsburg in 1530, but the Order never regained possession of the territory. In 1569 the Hohenzollern prince-electors of the Margraviate of Brandenburg became co-regents with Albert's son, the feeble-minded Albert Frederick.
Who led the Teutonic Order?
Who led the Teutonic Order?
[ "Who led the Teutonic Order?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103604
5a3be545cc5d22001a521c15
East_Prussia
The Teutonic Order lost eastern Prussia when Grand Master Albert of Brandenburg-Ansbach converted to Lutheranism and secularized the Prussian branch of the Teutonic Order in 1525. Albert established himself as the first duke of the Duchy of Prussia and a vassal of the Polish crown by the Prussian Homage. Walter von Cronberg, the next Grand Master, was enfeoffed with the title to Prussia after the Diet of Augsburg in 1530, but the Order never regained possession of the territory. In 1569 the Hohenzollern prince-electors of the Margraviate of Brandenburg became co-regents with Albert's son, the feeble-minded Albert Frederick.
In what year was Albert Frederick born?
In what year was Albert Frederick born?
[ "In what year was Albert Frederick born?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103605
5a3be545cc5d22001a521c16
East_Prussia
The Teutonic Order lost eastern Prussia when Grand Master Albert of Brandenburg-Ansbach converted to Lutheranism and secularized the Prussian branch of the Teutonic Order in 1525. Albert established himself as the first duke of the Duchy of Prussia and a vassal of the Polish crown by the Prussian Homage. Walter von Cronberg, the next Grand Master, was enfeoffed with the title to Prussia after the Diet of Augsburg in 1530, but the Order never regained possession of the territory. In 1569 the Hohenzollern prince-electors of the Margraviate of Brandenburg became co-regents with Albert's son, the feeble-minded Albert Frederick.
In what year was the Teutonic Order established?
In what year was the Teutonic Order established?
[ "In what year was the Teutonic Order established?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103606
5a3be545cc5d22001a521c17
East_Prussia
The Teutonic Order lost eastern Prussia when Grand Master Albert of Brandenburg-Ansbach converted to Lutheranism and secularized the Prussian branch of the Teutonic Order in 1525. Albert established himself as the first duke of the Duchy of Prussia and a vassal of the Polish crown by the Prussian Homage. Walter von Cronberg, the next Grand Master, was enfeoffed with the title to Prussia after the Diet of Augsburg in 1530, but the Order never regained possession of the territory. In 1569 the Hohenzollern prince-electors of the Margraviate of Brandenburg became co-regents with Albert's son, the feeble-minded Albert Frederick.
Who was the Polish crown?
Who was the Polish crown?
[ "Who was the Polish crown?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103607
5a3be545cc5d22001a521c18
East_Prussia
The Teutonic Order lost eastern Prussia when Grand Master Albert of Brandenburg-Ansbach converted to Lutheranism and secularized the Prussian branch of the Teutonic Order in 1525. Albert established himself as the first duke of the Duchy of Prussia and a vassal of the Polish crown by the Prussian Homage. Walter von Cronberg, the next Grand Master, was enfeoffed with the title to Prussia after the Diet of Augsburg in 1530, but the Order never regained possession of the territory. In 1569 the Hohenzollern prince-electors of the Margraviate of Brandenburg became co-regents with Albert's son, the feeble-minded Albert Frederick.
In what year did the Teutonic Order begin to rule eastern Prussia?
In what year did the Teutonic Order begin to rule eastern Prussia?
[ "In what year did the Teutonic Order begin to rule eastern Prussia?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103608
572a1e59af94a219006aa7f7
East_Prussia
The Administrator of Prussia, the grandmaster of the Teutonic Order Maximilian III, son of emperor Maximilian II died in 1618. When Maximilian died, Albert's line died out, and the Duchy of Prussia passed to the Electors of Brandenburg, forming Brandenburg-Prussia. Taking advantage of the Swedish invasion of Poland in 1655, and instead of fulfilling his vassal's duties towards the Polish Kingdom, by joining forces with the Swedes and subsequent treaties of Wehlau, Labiau, and Oliva, Elector and Duke Frederick William succeeded in revoking king of Poland's sovereignty over the Duchy of Prussia in 1660. The absolutist elector also subdued the noble estates of Prussia.
In what year did Maximilian III die?
In what year did Maximilian III die?
[ "In what year did Maximilian III die?" ]
{ "text": [ "1618" ], "answer_start": [ 121 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103609
572a1e59af94a219006aa7f8
East_Prussia
The Administrator of Prussia, the grandmaster of the Teutonic Order Maximilian III, son of emperor Maximilian II died in 1618. When Maximilian died, Albert's line died out, and the Duchy of Prussia passed to the Electors of Brandenburg, forming Brandenburg-Prussia. Taking advantage of the Swedish invasion of Poland in 1655, and instead of fulfilling his vassal's duties towards the Polish Kingdom, by joining forces with the Swedes and subsequent treaties of Wehlau, Labiau, and Oliva, Elector and Duke Frederick William succeeded in revoking king of Poland's sovereignty over the Duchy of Prussia in 1660. The absolutist elector also subdued the noble estates of Prussia.
What happened as a result of Maximilian's death?
What happened as a result of Maximilian's death?
[ "What happened as a result of Maximilian's death?" ]
{ "text": [ "Albert's line died out" ], "answer_start": [ 149 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103610
572a1e59af94a219006aa7f9
East_Prussia
The Administrator of Prussia, the grandmaster of the Teutonic Order Maximilian III, son of emperor Maximilian II died in 1618. When Maximilian died, Albert's line died out, and the Duchy of Prussia passed to the Electors of Brandenburg, forming Brandenburg-Prussia. Taking advantage of the Swedish invasion of Poland in 1655, and instead of fulfilling his vassal's duties towards the Polish Kingdom, by joining forces with the Swedes and subsequent treaties of Wehlau, Labiau, and Oliva, Elector and Duke Frederick William succeeded in revoking king of Poland's sovereignty over the Duchy of Prussia in 1660. The absolutist elector also subdued the noble estates of Prussia.
Who revoked the King of Poland's sovereignty over Prussia in 1660?
Who revoked the King of Poland's sovereignty over Prussia in 1660?
[ "Who revoked the King of Poland's sovereignty over Prussia in 1660?" ]
{ "text": [ "Frederick William" ], "answer_start": [ 505 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103611
5a3be6f1cc5d22001a521c1e
East_Prussia
The Administrator of Prussia, the grandmaster of the Teutonic Order Maximilian III, son of emperor Maximilian II died in 1618. When Maximilian died, Albert's line died out, and the Duchy of Prussia passed to the Electors of Brandenburg, forming Brandenburg-Prussia. Taking advantage of the Swedish invasion of Poland in 1655, and instead of fulfilling his vassal's duties towards the Polish Kingdom, by joining forces with the Swedes and subsequent treaties of Wehlau, Labiau, and Oliva, Elector and Duke Frederick William succeeded in revoking king of Poland's sovereignty over the Duchy of Prussia in 1660. The absolutist elector also subdued the noble estates of Prussia.
In what year was Maximilian III born?
In what year was Maximilian III born?
[ "In what year was Maximilian III born?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103612
5a3be6f1cc5d22001a521c1f
East_Prussia
The Administrator of Prussia, the grandmaster of the Teutonic Order Maximilian III, son of emperor Maximilian II died in 1618. When Maximilian died, Albert's line died out, and the Duchy of Prussia passed to the Electors of Brandenburg, forming Brandenburg-Prussia. Taking advantage of the Swedish invasion of Poland in 1655, and instead of fulfilling his vassal's duties towards the Polish Kingdom, by joining forces with the Swedes and subsequent treaties of Wehlau, Labiau, and Oliva, Elector and Duke Frederick William succeeded in revoking king of Poland's sovereignty over the Duchy of Prussia in 1660. The absolutist elector also subdued the noble estates of Prussia.
In what year was the treaty of Wehlau signed?
In what year was the treaty of Wehlau signed?
[ "In what year was the treaty of Wehlau signed?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103613
5a3be6f1cc5d22001a521c20
East_Prussia
The Administrator of Prussia, the grandmaster of the Teutonic Order Maximilian III, son of emperor Maximilian II died in 1618. When Maximilian died, Albert's line died out, and the Duchy of Prussia passed to the Electors of Brandenburg, forming Brandenburg-Prussia. Taking advantage of the Swedish invasion of Poland in 1655, and instead of fulfilling his vassal's duties towards the Polish Kingdom, by joining forces with the Swedes and subsequent treaties of Wehlau, Labiau, and Oliva, Elector and Duke Frederick William succeeded in revoking king of Poland's sovereignty over the Duchy of Prussia in 1660. The absolutist elector also subdued the noble estates of Prussia.
In what year did Poland attain sovereignty over the Duchy of Prussia?
In what year did Poland attain sovereignty over the Duchy of Prussia?
[ "In what year did Poland attain sovereignty over the Duchy of Prussia?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103614
5a3be6f1cc5d22001a521c21
East_Prussia
The Administrator of Prussia, the grandmaster of the Teutonic Order Maximilian III, son of emperor Maximilian II died in 1618. When Maximilian died, Albert's line died out, and the Duchy of Prussia passed to the Electors of Brandenburg, forming Brandenburg-Prussia. Taking advantage of the Swedish invasion of Poland in 1655, and instead of fulfilling his vassal's duties towards the Polish Kingdom, by joining forces with the Swedes and subsequent treaties of Wehlau, Labiau, and Oliva, Elector and Duke Frederick William succeeded in revoking king of Poland's sovereignty over the Duchy of Prussia in 1660. The absolutist elector also subdued the noble estates of Prussia.
In what year was the treaty of Oliva signed?
In what year was the treaty of Oliva signed?
[ "In what year was the treaty of Oliva signed?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103615
5a3be6f1cc5d22001a521c22
East_Prussia
The Administrator of Prussia, the grandmaster of the Teutonic Order Maximilian III, son of emperor Maximilian II died in 1618. When Maximilian died, Albert's line died out, and the Duchy of Prussia passed to the Electors of Brandenburg, forming Brandenburg-Prussia. Taking advantage of the Swedish invasion of Poland in 1655, and instead of fulfilling his vassal's duties towards the Polish Kingdom, by joining forces with the Swedes and subsequent treaties of Wehlau, Labiau, and Oliva, Elector and Duke Frederick William succeeded in revoking king of Poland's sovereignty over the Duchy of Prussia in 1660. The absolutist elector also subdued the noble estates of Prussia.
Who was the king of Poland?
Who was the king of Poland?
[ "Who was the king of Poland?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103616
572a206b3f37b3190047870f
East_Prussia
Although Brandenburg was a part of the Holy Roman Empire, the Prussian lands were not within the Holy Roman Empire and were with the administration by the Teutonic Order grandmasters under jurisdiction of the Emperor. In return for supporting Emperor Leopold I in the War of the Spanish Succession, Elector Frederick III was allowed to crown himself "King in Prussia" in 1701. The new kingdom ruled by the Hohenzollern dynasty became known as the Kingdom of Prussia. The designation "Kingdom of Prussia" was gradually applied to the various lands of Brandenburg-Prussia. To differentiate from the larger entity, the former Duchy of Prussia became known as Altpreußen ("Old Prussia"), the province of Prussia, or "East Prussia".
Brandenburg was part of what dominating force?
Brandenburg was part of what dominating force?
[ "Brandenburg was part of what dominating force?" ]
{ "text": [ "Holy Roman Empire" ], "answer_start": [ 39 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103617
572a206b3f37b31900478710
East_Prussia
Although Brandenburg was a part of the Holy Roman Empire, the Prussian lands were not within the Holy Roman Empire and were with the administration by the Teutonic Order grandmasters under jurisdiction of the Emperor. In return for supporting Emperor Leopold I in the War of the Spanish Succession, Elector Frederick III was allowed to crown himself "King in Prussia" in 1701. The new kingdom ruled by the Hohenzollern dynasty became known as the Kingdom of Prussia. The designation "Kingdom of Prussia" was gradually applied to the various lands of Brandenburg-Prussia. To differentiate from the larger entity, the former Duchy of Prussia became known as Altpreußen ("Old Prussia"), the province of Prussia, or "East Prussia".
What jurisdiction was the Prussian lands under?
What jurisdiction was the Prussian lands under?
[ "What jurisdiction was the Prussian lands under?" ]
{ "text": [ "Teutonic Order" ], "answer_start": [ 155 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103618
572a206b3f37b31900478711
East_Prussia
Although Brandenburg was a part of the Holy Roman Empire, the Prussian lands were not within the Holy Roman Empire and were with the administration by the Teutonic Order grandmasters under jurisdiction of the Emperor. In return for supporting Emperor Leopold I in the War of the Spanish Succession, Elector Frederick III was allowed to crown himself "King in Prussia" in 1701. The new kingdom ruled by the Hohenzollern dynasty became known as the Kingdom of Prussia. The designation "Kingdom of Prussia" was gradually applied to the various lands of Brandenburg-Prussia. To differentiate from the larger entity, the former Duchy of Prussia became known as Altpreußen ("Old Prussia"), the province of Prussia, or "East Prussia".
Who elected there self as King of Prussia in 1701?
Who elected there self as King of Prussia in 1701?
[ "Who elected there self as King of Prussia in 1701?" ]
{ "text": [ "Frederick III" ], "answer_start": [ 307 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103619
572a206b3f37b31900478712
East_Prussia
Although Brandenburg was a part of the Holy Roman Empire, the Prussian lands were not within the Holy Roman Empire and were with the administration by the Teutonic Order grandmasters under jurisdiction of the Emperor. In return for supporting Emperor Leopold I in the War of the Spanish Succession, Elector Frederick III was allowed to crown himself "King in Prussia" in 1701. The new kingdom ruled by the Hohenzollern dynasty became known as the Kingdom of Prussia. The designation "Kingdom of Prussia" was gradually applied to the various lands of Brandenburg-Prussia. To differentiate from the larger entity, the former Duchy of Prussia became known as Altpreußen ("Old Prussia"), the province of Prussia, or "East Prussia".
What did the former Duchy of Prussia become known as?
What did the former Duchy of Prussia become known as?
[ "What did the former Duchy of Prussia become known as?" ]
{ "text": [ "Altpreußen (\"Old Prussia\")" ], "answer_start": [ 656 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103620
5a3bedd8cc5d22001a521c28
East_Prussia
Although Brandenburg was a part of the Holy Roman Empire, the Prussian lands were not within the Holy Roman Empire and were with the administration by the Teutonic Order grandmasters under jurisdiction of the Emperor. In return for supporting Emperor Leopold I in the War of the Spanish Succession, Elector Frederick III was allowed to crown himself "King in Prussia" in 1701. The new kingdom ruled by the Hohenzollern dynasty became known as the Kingdom of Prussia. The designation "Kingdom of Prussia" was gradually applied to the various lands of Brandenburg-Prussia. To differentiate from the larger entity, the former Duchy of Prussia became known as Altpreußen ("Old Prussia"), the province of Prussia, or "East Prussia".
In what year was Emperor Leopold I crowned?
In what year was Emperor Leopold I crowned?
[ "In what year was Emperor Leopold I crowned?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103621
5a3bedd8cc5d22001a521c29
East_Prussia
Although Brandenburg was a part of the Holy Roman Empire, the Prussian lands were not within the Holy Roman Empire and were with the administration by the Teutonic Order grandmasters under jurisdiction of the Emperor. In return for supporting Emperor Leopold I in the War of the Spanish Succession, Elector Frederick III was allowed to crown himself "King in Prussia" in 1701. The new kingdom ruled by the Hohenzollern dynasty became known as the Kingdom of Prussia. The designation "Kingdom of Prussia" was gradually applied to the various lands of Brandenburg-Prussia. To differentiate from the larger entity, the former Duchy of Prussia became known as Altpreußen ("Old Prussia"), the province of Prussia, or "East Prussia".
In what year was the War of the Spanish Succession?
In what year was the War of the Spanish Succession?
[ "In what year was the War of the Spanish Succession?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103622
5a3bedd8cc5d22001a521c2a
East_Prussia
Although Brandenburg was a part of the Holy Roman Empire, the Prussian lands were not within the Holy Roman Empire and were with the administration by the Teutonic Order grandmasters under jurisdiction of the Emperor. In return for supporting Emperor Leopold I in the War of the Spanish Succession, Elector Frederick III was allowed to crown himself "King in Prussia" in 1701. The new kingdom ruled by the Hohenzollern dynasty became known as the Kingdom of Prussia. The designation "Kingdom of Prussia" was gradually applied to the various lands of Brandenburg-Prussia. To differentiate from the larger entity, the former Duchy of Prussia became known as Altpreußen ("Old Prussia"), the province of Prussia, or "East Prussia".
Who had been the last leader of the Duchy of Prussia?
Who had been the last leader of the Duchy of Prussia?
[ "Who had been the last leader of the Duchy of Prussia?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103623
5a3bedd8cc5d22001a521c2b
East_Prussia
Although Brandenburg was a part of the Holy Roman Empire, the Prussian lands were not within the Holy Roman Empire and were with the administration by the Teutonic Order grandmasters under jurisdiction of the Emperor. In return for supporting Emperor Leopold I in the War of the Spanish Succession, Elector Frederick III was allowed to crown himself "King in Prussia" in 1701. The new kingdom ruled by the Hohenzollern dynasty became known as the Kingdom of Prussia. The designation "Kingdom of Prussia" was gradually applied to the various lands of Brandenburg-Prussia. To differentiate from the larger entity, the former Duchy of Prussia became known as Altpreußen ("Old Prussia"), the province of Prussia, or "East Prussia".
In what year did the Duchy of Prussia become known as East Prussia?
In what year did the Duchy of Prussia become known as East Prussia?
[ "In what year did the Duchy of Prussia become known as East Prussia?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103624
5a3bedd8cc5d22001a521c2c
East_Prussia
Although Brandenburg was a part of the Holy Roman Empire, the Prussian lands were not within the Holy Roman Empire and were with the administration by the Teutonic Order grandmasters under jurisdiction of the Emperor. In return for supporting Emperor Leopold I in the War of the Spanish Succession, Elector Frederick III was allowed to crown himself "King in Prussia" in 1701. The new kingdom ruled by the Hohenzollern dynasty became known as the Kingdom of Prussia. The designation "Kingdom of Prussia" was gradually applied to the various lands of Brandenburg-Prussia. To differentiate from the larger entity, the former Duchy of Prussia became known as Altpreußen ("Old Prussia"), the province of Prussia, or "East Prussia".
Who was one of the Teutonic Order grandmasters?
Who was one of the Teutonic Order grandmasters?
[ "Who was one of the Teutonic Order grandmasters?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103625
572a229a3f37b31900478721
East_Prussia
Approximately one-third of East Prussia's population died in the plague and famine of 1709–1711, including the last speakers of Old Prussian. The plague, probably brought by foreign troops during the Great Northern War, killed 250,000 East Prussians, especially in the province's eastern regions. Crown Prince Frederick William I led the rebuilding of East Prussia, founding numerous towns. Thousands of Protestants expelled from the Archbishopric of Salzburg were allowed to settle in depleted East Prussia. The province was overrun by Imperial Russian troops during the Seven Years' War.
What wiped out one third of East Prussia's population during the early 1700's?
What wiped out one third of East Prussia's population during the early 1700's?
[ "What wiped out one third of East Prussia's population during the early 1700's?" ]
{ "text": [ "the plague and famine" ], "answer_start": [ 61 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103626
572a229a3f37b31900478722
East_Prussia
Approximately one-third of East Prussia's population died in the plague and famine of 1709–1711, including the last speakers of Old Prussian. The plague, probably brought by foreign troops during the Great Northern War, killed 250,000 East Prussians, especially in the province's eastern regions. Crown Prince Frederick William I led the rebuilding of East Prussia, founding numerous towns. Thousands of Protestants expelled from the Archbishopric of Salzburg were allowed to settle in depleted East Prussia. The province was overrun by Imperial Russian troops during the Seven Years' War.
What was lost in Prussia's history during the Plague?
What was lost in Prussia's history during the Plague?
[ "What was lost in Prussia's history during the Plague?" ]
{ "text": [ "speakers of Old Prussian" ], "answer_start": [ 116 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103627
572a229a3f37b31900478723
East_Prussia
Approximately one-third of East Prussia's population died in the plague and famine of 1709–1711, including the last speakers of Old Prussian. The plague, probably brought by foreign troops during the Great Northern War, killed 250,000 East Prussians, especially in the province's eastern regions. Crown Prince Frederick William I led the rebuilding of East Prussia, founding numerous towns. Thousands of Protestants expelled from the Archbishopric of Salzburg were allowed to settle in depleted East Prussia. The province was overrun by Imperial Russian troops during the Seven Years' War.
What military overran much of East Prussia?
What military overran much of East Prussia?
[ "What military overran much of East Prussia?" ]
{ "text": [ "Russian troops" ], "answer_start": [ 546 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103628
572a268f6aef051400155312
East_Prussia
In the 1772 First Partition of Poland, the Prussian king Frederick the Great annexed neighboring Royal Prussia, i.e. the Polish voivodeships of Pomerania (Gdańsk Pomerania or Pomerelia), Malbork, Chełmno and the Prince-Bishopric of Warmia, thereby bridging the "Polish Corridor" between his Prussian and Farther Pomeranian lands and cutting remaining Poland off the Baltic Coast. The territory of Warmia was incorporated into the lands of former Ducal Prussia, which, by administrative deed of 31 January 1773 were named East Prussia. The former Polish Pomerelian lands beyond the Vistula River together with Malbork and Chełmno Land formed the Province of West Prussia with its capital at Marienwerder (Kwidzyn). The Polish Partition Sejm ratified the cession on 30 September 1773, whereafter Frederick officially went on to call himself a King "of" Prussia.
In what year was Royal Prussia annexed?
In what year was Royal Prussia annexed?
[ "In what year was Royal Prussia annexed?" ]
{ "text": [ "1772" ], "answer_start": [ 7 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103629
572a268f6aef051400155313
East_Prussia
In the 1772 First Partition of Poland, the Prussian king Frederick the Great annexed neighboring Royal Prussia, i.e. the Polish voivodeships of Pomerania (Gdańsk Pomerania or Pomerelia), Malbork, Chełmno and the Prince-Bishopric of Warmia, thereby bridging the "Polish Corridor" between his Prussian and Farther Pomeranian lands and cutting remaining Poland off the Baltic Coast. The territory of Warmia was incorporated into the lands of former Ducal Prussia, which, by administrative deed of 31 January 1773 were named East Prussia. The former Polish Pomerelian lands beyond the Vistula River together with Malbork and Chełmno Land formed the Province of West Prussia with its capital at Marienwerder (Kwidzyn). The Polish Partition Sejm ratified the cession on 30 September 1773, whereafter Frederick officially went on to call himself a King "of" Prussia.
In what year was the territory of Warmia incorporated?
In what year was the territory of Warmia incorporated?
[ "In what year was the territory of Warmia incorporated? " ]
{ "text": [ "31 January 1773" ], "answer_start": [ 494 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103630
572a268f6aef051400155314
East_Prussia
In the 1772 First Partition of Poland, the Prussian king Frederick the Great annexed neighboring Royal Prussia, i.e. the Polish voivodeships of Pomerania (Gdańsk Pomerania or Pomerelia), Malbork, Chełmno and the Prince-Bishopric of Warmia, thereby bridging the "Polish Corridor" between his Prussian and Farther Pomeranian lands and cutting remaining Poland off the Baltic Coast. The territory of Warmia was incorporated into the lands of former Ducal Prussia, which, by administrative deed of 31 January 1773 were named East Prussia. The former Polish Pomerelian lands beyond the Vistula River together with Malbork and Chełmno Land formed the Province of West Prussia with its capital at Marienwerder (Kwidzyn). The Polish Partition Sejm ratified the cession on 30 September 1773, whereafter Frederick officially went on to call himself a King "of" Prussia.
What was ratified in 1773 in Prussia?
What was ratified in 1773 in Prussia?
[ "What was ratified in 1773 in Prussia?" ]
{ "text": [ "The Polish Partition Sejm" ], "answer_start": [ 714 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103631
5a3bf219cc5d22001a521c3c
East_Prussia
In the 1772 First Partition of Poland, the Prussian king Frederick the Great annexed neighboring Royal Prussia, i.e. the Polish voivodeships of Pomerania (Gdańsk Pomerania or Pomerelia), Malbork, Chełmno and the Prince-Bishopric of Warmia, thereby bridging the "Polish Corridor" between his Prussian and Farther Pomeranian lands and cutting remaining Poland off the Baltic Coast. The territory of Warmia was incorporated into the lands of former Ducal Prussia, which, by administrative deed of 31 January 1773 were named East Prussia. The former Polish Pomerelian lands beyond the Vistula River together with Malbork and Chełmno Land formed the Province of West Prussia with its capital at Marienwerder (Kwidzyn). The Polish Partition Sejm ratified the cession on 30 September 1773, whereafter Frederick officially went on to call himself a King "of" Prussia.
In what year was Marienwerder founded?
In what year was Marienwerder founded?
[ "In what year was Marienwerder founded?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103632
5a3bf219cc5d22001a521c3d
East_Prussia
In the 1772 First Partition of Poland, the Prussian king Frederick the Great annexed neighboring Royal Prussia, i.e. the Polish voivodeships of Pomerania (Gdańsk Pomerania or Pomerelia), Malbork, Chełmno and the Prince-Bishopric of Warmia, thereby bridging the "Polish Corridor" between his Prussian and Farther Pomeranian lands and cutting remaining Poland off the Baltic Coast. The territory of Warmia was incorporated into the lands of former Ducal Prussia, which, by administrative deed of 31 January 1773 were named East Prussia. The former Polish Pomerelian lands beyond the Vistula River together with Malbork and Chełmno Land formed the Province of West Prussia with its capital at Marienwerder (Kwidzyn). The Polish Partition Sejm ratified the cession on 30 September 1773, whereafter Frederick officially went on to call himself a King "of" Prussia.
What was the capital of Royal Prussia?
What was the capital of Royal Prussia?
[ "What was the capital of Royal Prussia?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103633
5a3bf219cc5d22001a521c3e
East_Prussia
In the 1772 First Partition of Poland, the Prussian king Frederick the Great annexed neighboring Royal Prussia, i.e. the Polish voivodeships of Pomerania (Gdańsk Pomerania or Pomerelia), Malbork, Chełmno and the Prince-Bishopric of Warmia, thereby bridging the "Polish Corridor" between his Prussian and Farther Pomeranian lands and cutting remaining Poland off the Baltic Coast. The territory of Warmia was incorporated into the lands of former Ducal Prussia, which, by administrative deed of 31 January 1773 were named East Prussia. The former Polish Pomerelian lands beyond the Vistula River together with Malbork and Chełmno Land formed the Province of West Prussia with its capital at Marienwerder (Kwidzyn). The Polish Partition Sejm ratified the cession on 30 September 1773, whereafter Frederick officially went on to call himself a King "of" Prussia.
What was capital of Poland?
What was capital of Poland?
[ "What was capital of Poland?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103634
5a3bf219cc5d22001a521c3f
East_Prussia
In the 1772 First Partition of Poland, the Prussian king Frederick the Great annexed neighboring Royal Prussia, i.e. the Polish voivodeships of Pomerania (Gdańsk Pomerania or Pomerelia), Malbork, Chełmno and the Prince-Bishopric of Warmia, thereby bridging the "Polish Corridor" between his Prussian and Farther Pomeranian lands and cutting remaining Poland off the Baltic Coast. The territory of Warmia was incorporated into the lands of former Ducal Prussia, which, by administrative deed of 31 January 1773 were named East Prussia. The former Polish Pomerelian lands beyond the Vistula River together with Malbork and Chełmno Land formed the Province of West Prussia with its capital at Marienwerder (Kwidzyn). The Polish Partition Sejm ratified the cession on 30 September 1773, whereafter Frederick officially went on to call himself a King "of" Prussia.
Who was the king of Poland?
Who was the king of Poland?
[ "Who was the king of Poland? " ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103635
5a3bf219cc5d22001a521c40
East_Prussia
In the 1772 First Partition of Poland, the Prussian king Frederick the Great annexed neighboring Royal Prussia, i.e. the Polish voivodeships of Pomerania (Gdańsk Pomerania or Pomerelia), Malbork, Chełmno and the Prince-Bishopric of Warmia, thereby bridging the "Polish Corridor" between his Prussian and Farther Pomeranian lands and cutting remaining Poland off the Baltic Coast. The territory of Warmia was incorporated into the lands of former Ducal Prussia, which, by administrative deed of 31 January 1773 were named East Prussia. The former Polish Pomerelian lands beyond the Vistula River together with Malbork and Chełmno Land formed the Province of West Prussia with its capital at Marienwerder (Kwidzyn). The Polish Partition Sejm ratified the cession on 30 September 1773, whereafter Frederick officially went on to call himself a King "of" Prussia.
In what year did Ducal Prussia cease to exist?
In what year did Ducal Prussia cease to exist?
[ "In what year did Ducal Prussia cease to exist?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103636
572a29476aef05140015532a
East_Prussia
After the disastrous defeat of the Prussian Army at the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt in 1806, Napoleon occupied Berlin and had the officials of the Prussian General Directory swear an oath of allegiance to him, while King Frederick William III and his consort Louise fled via Königsberg and the Curonian Spit to Memel. The French troops immediately took up pursuit but were delayed in the Battle of Eylau on 9 February 1807 by an East Prussian contingent under General Anton Wilhelm von L'Estocq. Napoleon had to stay at the Finckenstein Palace, but in May, after a siege of 75 days, his troops led by Marshal François Joseph Lefebvre were able to capture the city Danzig, which had been tenaciously defended by General Count Friedrich Adolf von Kalkreuth. On 14 June, Napoleon ended the War of the Fourth Coalition with his victory at the Battle of Friedland. Frederick William and Queen Louise met with Napoleon for peace negotiations, and on 9 July the Prussian king signed the Treaty of Tilsit.
What defeat led to Prussia having to swear its allegiance to Napoleon?
What defeat led to Prussia having to swear its allegiance to Napoleon?
[ "What defeat led to Prussia having to swear its allegiance to Napoleon?" ]
{ "text": [ "Battle of Jena-Auerstedt" ], "answer_start": [ 56 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103637
572a29476aef05140015532b
East_Prussia
After the disastrous defeat of the Prussian Army at the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt in 1806, Napoleon occupied Berlin and had the officials of the Prussian General Directory swear an oath of allegiance to him, while King Frederick William III and his consort Louise fled via Königsberg and the Curonian Spit to Memel. The French troops immediately took up pursuit but were delayed in the Battle of Eylau on 9 February 1807 by an East Prussian contingent under General Anton Wilhelm von L'Estocq. Napoleon had to stay at the Finckenstein Palace, but in May, after a siege of 75 days, his troops led by Marshal François Joseph Lefebvre were able to capture the city Danzig, which had been tenaciously defended by General Count Friedrich Adolf von Kalkreuth. On 14 June, Napoleon ended the War of the Fourth Coalition with his victory at the Battle of Friedland. Frederick William and Queen Louise met with Napoleon for peace negotiations, and on 9 July the Prussian king signed the Treaty of Tilsit.
What city did King Frederick William use to flee Prussia?
What city did King Frederick William use to flee Prussia?
[ "What city did King Frederick William use to flee Prussia?" ]
{ "text": [ "Königsberg" ], "answer_start": [ 272 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103638
572a29476aef05140015532c
East_Prussia
After the disastrous defeat of the Prussian Army at the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt in 1806, Napoleon occupied Berlin and had the officials of the Prussian General Directory swear an oath of allegiance to him, while King Frederick William III and his consort Louise fled via Königsberg and the Curonian Spit to Memel. The French troops immediately took up pursuit but were delayed in the Battle of Eylau on 9 February 1807 by an East Prussian contingent under General Anton Wilhelm von L'Estocq. Napoleon had to stay at the Finckenstein Palace, but in May, after a siege of 75 days, his troops led by Marshal François Joseph Lefebvre were able to capture the city Danzig, which had been tenaciously defended by General Count Friedrich Adolf von Kalkreuth. On 14 June, Napoleon ended the War of the Fourth Coalition with his victory at the Battle of Friedland. Frederick William and Queen Louise met with Napoleon for peace negotiations, and on 9 July the Prussian king signed the Treaty of Tilsit.
What year did Napoleon end of the War of the Fourth Coalition?
What year did Napoleon end of the War of the Fourth Coalition?
[ "What year did Napoleon end of the War of the Fourth Coalition?" ]
{ "text": [ "1807" ], "answer_start": [ 415 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103639
5a3bf3b1cc5d22001a521c46
East_Prussia
After the disastrous defeat of the Prussian Army at the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt in 1806, Napoleon occupied Berlin and had the officials of the Prussian General Directory swear an oath of allegiance to him, while King Frederick William III and his consort Louise fled via Königsberg and the Curonian Spit to Memel. The French troops immediately took up pursuit but were delayed in the Battle of Eylau on 9 February 1807 by an East Prussian contingent under General Anton Wilhelm von L'Estocq. Napoleon had to stay at the Finckenstein Palace, but in May, after a siege of 75 days, his troops led by Marshal François Joseph Lefebvre were able to capture the city Danzig, which had been tenaciously defended by General Count Friedrich Adolf von Kalkreuth. On 14 June, Napoleon ended the War of the Fourth Coalition with his victory at the Battle of Friedland. Frederick William and Queen Louise met with Napoleon for peace negotiations, and on 9 July the Prussian king signed the Treaty of Tilsit.
In what country is Konigsberg?
In what country is Konigsberg?
[ "In what country is Konigsberg?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103640
5a3bf3b1cc5d22001a521c48
East_Prussia
After the disastrous defeat of the Prussian Army at the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt in 1806, Napoleon occupied Berlin and had the officials of the Prussian General Directory swear an oath of allegiance to him, while King Frederick William III and his consort Louise fled via Königsberg and the Curonian Spit to Memel. The French troops immediately took up pursuit but were delayed in the Battle of Eylau on 9 February 1807 by an East Prussian contingent under General Anton Wilhelm von L'Estocq. Napoleon had to stay at the Finckenstein Palace, but in May, after a siege of 75 days, his troops led by Marshal François Joseph Lefebvre were able to capture the city Danzig, which had been tenaciously defended by General Count Friedrich Adolf von Kalkreuth. On 14 June, Napoleon ended the War of the Fourth Coalition with his victory at the Battle of Friedland. Frederick William and Queen Louise met with Napoleon for peace negotiations, and on 9 July the Prussian king signed the Treaty of Tilsit.
Who was the leader of the army Napoleon beat at the Battle of Friedland?
Who was the leader of the army Napoleon beat at the Battle of Friedland?
[ "Who was the leader of the army Napoleon beat at the Battle of Friedland?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103641
5a3bf3b1cc5d22001a521c49
East_Prussia
After the disastrous defeat of the Prussian Army at the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt in 1806, Napoleon occupied Berlin and had the officials of the Prussian General Directory swear an oath of allegiance to him, while King Frederick William III and his consort Louise fled via Königsberg and the Curonian Spit to Memel. The French troops immediately took up pursuit but were delayed in the Battle of Eylau on 9 February 1807 by an East Prussian contingent under General Anton Wilhelm von L'Estocq. Napoleon had to stay at the Finckenstein Palace, but in May, after a siege of 75 days, his troops led by Marshal François Joseph Lefebvre were able to capture the city Danzig, which had been tenaciously defended by General Count Friedrich Adolf von Kalkreuth. On 14 June, Napoleon ended the War of the Fourth Coalition with his victory at the Battle of Friedland. Frederick William and Queen Louise met with Napoleon for peace negotiations, and on 9 July the Prussian king signed the Treaty of Tilsit.
What military leader did Napoleon beat at the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt?
What military leader did Napoleon beat at the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt?
[ "What military leader did Napoleon beat at the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103642
5a3bf3b1cc5d22001a521c4a
East_Prussia
After the disastrous defeat of the Prussian Army at the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt in 1806, Napoleon occupied Berlin and had the officials of the Prussian General Directory swear an oath of allegiance to him, while King Frederick William III and his consort Louise fled via Königsberg and the Curonian Spit to Memel. The French troops immediately took up pursuit but were delayed in the Battle of Eylau on 9 February 1807 by an East Prussian contingent under General Anton Wilhelm von L'Estocq. Napoleon had to stay at the Finckenstein Palace, but in May, after a siege of 75 days, his troops led by Marshal François Joseph Lefebvre were able to capture the city Danzig, which had been tenaciously defended by General Count Friedrich Adolf von Kalkreuth. On 14 June, Napoleon ended the War of the Fourth Coalition with his victory at the Battle of Friedland. Frederick William and Queen Louise met with Napoleon for peace negotiations, and on 9 July the Prussian king signed the Treaty of Tilsit.
In what country was Memel?
In what country was Memel?
[ "In what country was Memel?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103643
572a2a906aef051400155330
East_Prussia
The succeeding Prussian reforms instigated by Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein and Karl August von Hardenberg included the implementation of an Oberlandesgericht appellation court at Königsberg, a municipal corporation, economic freedom as well as emancipation of the serfs and Jews. In the course of the Prussian restoration by the 1815 Congress of Vienna, the East Prussian territories were re-arranged in the Regierungsbezirke of Gumbinnen and Königsberg. From 1905, the southern districts of East Prussia formed the separate Regierungsbezirk of Allenstein. East and West Prussia were first united in personal union in 1824, and then merged in a real union in 1829 to form the Province of Prussia. The united province was again split into separate East and West Prussian provinces in 1878.
Who instigated the Prussian reforms?
Who instigated the Prussian reforms?
[ "Who instigated the Prussian reforms?" ]
{ "text": [ "Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein and Karl August von Hardenberg" ], "answer_start": [ 46 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103644
572a2a906aef051400155331
East_Prussia
The succeeding Prussian reforms instigated by Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein and Karl August von Hardenberg included the implementation of an Oberlandesgericht appellation court at Königsberg, a municipal corporation, economic freedom as well as emancipation of the serfs and Jews. In the course of the Prussian restoration by the 1815 Congress of Vienna, the East Prussian territories were re-arranged in the Regierungsbezirke of Gumbinnen and Königsberg. From 1905, the southern districts of East Prussia formed the separate Regierungsbezirk of Allenstein. East and West Prussia were first united in personal union in 1824, and then merged in a real union in 1829 to form the Province of Prussia. The united province was again split into separate East and West Prussian provinces in 1878.
What was included in the reform?
What was included in the reform?
[ "What was included in the reform?" ]
{ "text": [ "emancipation of the serfs and Jews" ], "answer_start": [ 257 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103645
572a2a906aef051400155332
East_Prussia
The succeeding Prussian reforms instigated by Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein and Karl August von Hardenberg included the implementation of an Oberlandesgericht appellation court at Königsberg, a municipal corporation, economic freedom as well as emancipation of the serfs and Jews. In the course of the Prussian restoration by the 1815 Congress of Vienna, the East Prussian territories were re-arranged in the Regierungsbezirke of Gumbinnen and Königsberg. From 1905, the southern districts of East Prussia formed the separate Regierungsbezirk of Allenstein. East and West Prussia were first united in personal union in 1824, and then merged in a real union in 1829 to form the Province of Prussia. The united province was again split into separate East and West Prussian provinces in 1878.
In what year was East and West Prussia first united?
In what year was East and West Prussia first united?
[ "In what year was East and West Prussia first united?" ]
{ "text": [ "1824" ], "answer_start": [ 631 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103646
572a2a906aef051400155333
East_Prussia
The succeeding Prussian reforms instigated by Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein and Karl August von Hardenberg included the implementation of an Oberlandesgericht appellation court at Königsberg, a municipal corporation, economic freedom as well as emancipation of the serfs and Jews. In the course of the Prussian restoration by the 1815 Congress of Vienna, the East Prussian territories were re-arranged in the Regierungsbezirke of Gumbinnen and Königsberg. From 1905, the southern districts of East Prussia formed the separate Regierungsbezirk of Allenstein. East and West Prussia were first united in personal union in 1824, and then merged in a real union in 1829 to form the Province of Prussia. The united province was again split into separate East and West Prussian provinces in 1878.
When did East and West Prussia split again?
When did East and West Prussia split again?
[ "When did East and West Prussia split again?" ]
{ "text": [ "1878" ], "answer_start": [ 796 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103647
5a3bf528cc5d22001a521c50
East_Prussia
The succeeding Prussian reforms instigated by Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein and Karl August von Hardenberg included the implementation of an Oberlandesgericht appellation court at Königsberg, a municipal corporation, economic freedom as well as emancipation of the serfs and Jews. In the course of the Prussian restoration by the 1815 Congress of Vienna, the East Prussian territories were re-arranged in the Regierungsbezirke of Gumbinnen and Königsberg. From 1905, the southern districts of East Prussia formed the separate Regierungsbezirk of Allenstein. East and West Prussia were first united in personal union in 1824, and then merged in a real union in 1829 to form the Province of Prussia. The united province was again split into separate East and West Prussian provinces in 1878.
Who was the leader of the Province of Prussia?
Who was the leader of the Province of Prussia?
[ "Who was the leader of the Province of Prussia?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103648
5a3bf528cc5d22001a521c51
East_Prussia
The succeeding Prussian reforms instigated by Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein and Karl August von Hardenberg included the implementation of an Oberlandesgericht appellation court at Königsberg, a municipal corporation, economic freedom as well as emancipation of the serfs and Jews. In the course of the Prussian restoration by the 1815 Congress of Vienna, the East Prussian territories were re-arranged in the Regierungsbezirke of Gumbinnen and Königsberg. From 1905, the southern districts of East Prussia formed the separate Regierungsbezirk of Allenstein. East and West Prussia were first united in personal union in 1824, and then merged in a real union in 1829 to form the Province of Prussia. The united province was again split into separate East and West Prussian provinces in 1878.
Who was the first leader of the Regierungsbezrik of Allenstein?
Who was the first leader of the Regierungsbezrik of Allenstein?
[ "Who was the first leader of the Regierungsbezrik of Allenstein?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103649
5a3bf528cc5d22001a521c52
East_Prussia
The succeeding Prussian reforms instigated by Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein and Karl August von Hardenberg included the implementation of an Oberlandesgericht appellation court at Königsberg, a municipal corporation, economic freedom as well as emancipation of the serfs and Jews. In the course of the Prussian restoration by the 1815 Congress of Vienna, the East Prussian territories were re-arranged in the Regierungsbezirke of Gumbinnen and Königsberg. From 1905, the southern districts of East Prussia formed the separate Regierungsbezirk of Allenstein. East and West Prussia were first united in personal union in 1824, and then merged in a real union in 1829 to form the Province of Prussia. The united province was again split into separate East and West Prussian provinces in 1878.
Who led the East Prussian province in 1878?
Who led the East Prussian province in 1878?
[ "Who led the East Prussian province in 1878?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103650
5a3bf528cc5d22001a521c53
East_Prussia
The succeeding Prussian reforms instigated by Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein and Karl August von Hardenberg included the implementation of an Oberlandesgericht appellation court at Königsberg, a municipal corporation, economic freedom as well as emancipation of the serfs and Jews. In the course of the Prussian restoration by the 1815 Congress of Vienna, the East Prussian territories were re-arranged in the Regierungsbezirke of Gumbinnen and Königsberg. From 1905, the southern districts of East Prussia formed the separate Regierungsbezirk of Allenstein. East and West Prussia were first united in personal union in 1824, and then merged in a real union in 1829 to form the Province of Prussia. The united province was again split into separate East and West Prussian provinces in 1878.
Who led the West Prussian province in 1878?
Who led the West Prussian province in 1878?
[ "Who led the West Prussian province in 1878?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103651
5a3bf528cc5d22001a521c54
East_Prussia
The succeeding Prussian reforms instigated by Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein and Karl August von Hardenberg included the implementation of an Oberlandesgericht appellation court at Königsberg, a municipal corporation, economic freedom as well as emancipation of the serfs and Jews. In the course of the Prussian restoration by the 1815 Congress of Vienna, the East Prussian territories were re-arranged in the Regierungsbezirke of Gumbinnen and Königsberg. From 1905, the southern districts of East Prussia formed the separate Regierungsbezirk of Allenstein. East and West Prussia were first united in personal union in 1824, and then merged in a real union in 1829 to form the Province of Prussia. The united province was again split into separate East and West Prussian provinces in 1878.
What did the northern districts of East Prussia form in 1905?
What did the northern districts of East Prussia form in 1905?
[ "What did the northern districts of East Prussia form in 1905?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103652
572a2d163f37b3190047876d
East_Prussia
The population of the province in 1900 was 1,996,626 people, with a religious makeup of 1,698,465 Protestants, 269,196 Roman Catholics, and 13,877 Jews. The Low Prussian dialect predominated in East Prussia, although High Prussian was spoken in Warmia. The numbers of Masurians, Kursenieki and Prussian Lithuanians decreased over time due to the process of Germanization. The Polish-speaking population concentrated in the south of the province (Masuria and Warmia) and all German geographic atlases at the start of 20th century showed the southern part of East Prussia as Polish with the number of Poles estimated at the time to be 300,000. Kursenieki inhabited the areas around the Curonian lagoon, while Lithuanian-speaking Prussians concentrated in the northeast in (Lithuania Minor). The Old Prussian ethnic group became completely Germanized over time and the Old Prussian language died out in the 18th century.
Was the population of the Prussian province in 1900?
Was the population of the Prussian province in 1900?
[ "Was the population of the Prussian province in 1900?" ]
{ "text": [ "1,996,626 people" ], "answer_start": [ 43 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103653
572a2d163f37b3190047876e
East_Prussia
The population of the province in 1900 was 1,996,626 people, with a religious makeup of 1,698,465 Protestants, 269,196 Roman Catholics, and 13,877 Jews. The Low Prussian dialect predominated in East Prussia, although High Prussian was spoken in Warmia. The numbers of Masurians, Kursenieki and Prussian Lithuanians decreased over time due to the process of Germanization. The Polish-speaking population concentrated in the south of the province (Masuria and Warmia) and all German geographic atlases at the start of 20th century showed the southern part of East Prussia as Polish with the number of Poles estimated at the time to be 300,000. Kursenieki inhabited the areas around the Curonian lagoon, while Lithuanian-speaking Prussians concentrated in the northeast in (Lithuania Minor). The Old Prussian ethnic group became completely Germanized over time and the Old Prussian language died out in the 18th century.
Which religious group made up the majority of the population in Prussia?
Which religious group made up the majority of the population in Prussia?
[ "Which religious group made up the majority of the population in Prussia?" ]
{ "text": [ "Protestants" ], "answer_start": [ 98 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103654
572a2d163f37b3190047876f
East_Prussia
The population of the province in 1900 was 1,996,626 people, with a religious makeup of 1,698,465 Protestants, 269,196 Roman Catholics, and 13,877 Jews. The Low Prussian dialect predominated in East Prussia, although High Prussian was spoken in Warmia. The numbers of Masurians, Kursenieki and Prussian Lithuanians decreased over time due to the process of Germanization. The Polish-speaking population concentrated in the south of the province (Masuria and Warmia) and all German geographic atlases at the start of 20th century showed the southern part of East Prussia as Polish with the number of Poles estimated at the time to be 300,000. Kursenieki inhabited the areas around the Curonian lagoon, while Lithuanian-speaking Prussians concentrated in the northeast in (Lithuania Minor). The Old Prussian ethnic group became completely Germanized over time and the Old Prussian language died out in the 18th century.
Due to Germanization which three groups saw a decrease in Prussia?
Due to Germanization which three groups saw a decrease in Prussia?
[ "Due to Germanization which three groups saw a decrease in Prussia?" ]
{ "text": [ "Masurians, Kursenieki and Prussian Lithuanians" ], "answer_start": [ 268 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103655
5a3bf619cc5d22001a521c5a
East_Prussia
The population of the province in 1900 was 1,996,626 people, with a religious makeup of 1,698,465 Protestants, 269,196 Roman Catholics, and 13,877 Jews. The Low Prussian dialect predominated in East Prussia, although High Prussian was spoken in Warmia. The numbers of Masurians, Kursenieki and Prussian Lithuanians decreased over time due to the process of Germanization. The Polish-speaking population concentrated in the south of the province (Masuria and Warmia) and all German geographic atlases at the start of 20th century showed the southern part of East Prussia as Polish with the number of Poles estimated at the time to be 300,000. Kursenieki inhabited the areas around the Curonian lagoon, while Lithuanian-speaking Prussians concentrated in the northeast in (Lithuania Minor). The Old Prussian ethnic group became completely Germanized over time and the Old Prussian language died out in the 18th century.
How many people spoke the Low Prussian dialect in East Prussia?
How many people spoke the Low Prussian dialect in East Prussia?
[ "How many people spoke the Low Prussian dialect in East Prussia?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103656
5a3bf619cc5d22001a521c5b
East_Prussia
The population of the province in 1900 was 1,996,626 people, with a religious makeup of 1,698,465 Protestants, 269,196 Roman Catholics, and 13,877 Jews. The Low Prussian dialect predominated in East Prussia, although High Prussian was spoken in Warmia. The numbers of Masurians, Kursenieki and Prussian Lithuanians decreased over time due to the process of Germanization. The Polish-speaking population concentrated in the south of the province (Masuria and Warmia) and all German geographic atlases at the start of 20th century showed the southern part of East Prussia as Polish with the number of Poles estimated at the time to be 300,000. Kursenieki inhabited the areas around the Curonian lagoon, while Lithuanian-speaking Prussians concentrated in the northeast in (Lithuania Minor). The Old Prussian ethnic group became completely Germanized over time and the Old Prussian language died out in the 18th century.
What religion were most Prussian Lithuanians?
What religion were most Prussian Lithuanians?
[ "What religion were most Prussian Lithuanians?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103657
5a3bf619cc5d22001a521c5c
East_Prussia
The population of the province in 1900 was 1,996,626 people, with a religious makeup of 1,698,465 Protestants, 269,196 Roman Catholics, and 13,877 Jews. The Low Prussian dialect predominated in East Prussia, although High Prussian was spoken in Warmia. The numbers of Masurians, Kursenieki and Prussian Lithuanians decreased over time due to the process of Germanization. The Polish-speaking population concentrated in the south of the province (Masuria and Warmia) and all German geographic atlases at the start of 20th century showed the southern part of East Prussia as Polish with the number of Poles estimated at the time to be 300,000. Kursenieki inhabited the areas around the Curonian lagoon, while Lithuanian-speaking Prussians concentrated in the northeast in (Lithuania Minor). The Old Prussian ethnic group became completely Germanized over time and the Old Prussian language died out in the 18th century.
How many Kursenieki were there in the areas around the Curonian lagoon?
How many Kursenieki were there in the areas around the Curonian lagoon?
[ "How many Kursenieki were there in the areas around the Curonian lagoon?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103658
5a3bf619cc5d22001a521c5d
East_Prussia
The population of the province in 1900 was 1,996,626 people, with a religious makeup of 1,698,465 Protestants, 269,196 Roman Catholics, and 13,877 Jews. The Low Prussian dialect predominated in East Prussia, although High Prussian was spoken in Warmia. The numbers of Masurians, Kursenieki and Prussian Lithuanians decreased over time due to the process of Germanization. The Polish-speaking population concentrated in the south of the province (Masuria and Warmia) and all German geographic atlases at the start of 20th century showed the southern part of East Prussia as Polish with the number of Poles estimated at the time to be 300,000. Kursenieki inhabited the areas around the Curonian lagoon, while Lithuanian-speaking Prussians concentrated in the northeast in (Lithuania Minor). The Old Prussian ethnic group became completely Germanized over time and the Old Prussian language died out in the 18th century.
What language did most of the Jews speak?
What language did most of the Jews speak?
[ "What language did most of the Jews speak?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103659
5a3bf619cc5d22001a521c5e
East_Prussia
The population of the province in 1900 was 1,996,626 people, with a religious makeup of 1,698,465 Protestants, 269,196 Roman Catholics, and 13,877 Jews. The Low Prussian dialect predominated in East Prussia, although High Prussian was spoken in Warmia. The numbers of Masurians, Kursenieki and Prussian Lithuanians decreased over time due to the process of Germanization. The Polish-speaking population concentrated in the south of the province (Masuria and Warmia) and all German geographic atlases at the start of 20th century showed the southern part of East Prussia as Polish with the number of Poles estimated at the time to be 300,000. Kursenieki inhabited the areas around the Curonian lagoon, while Lithuanian-speaking Prussians concentrated in the northeast in (Lithuania Minor). The Old Prussian ethnic group became completely Germanized over time and the Old Prussian language died out in the 18th century.
What religion were the Kursenieki?
What religion were the Kursenieki?
[ "What religion were the Kursenieki?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103660
572a2f743f37b31900478787
East_Prussia
At the beginning of World War I, East Prussia became a theatre of war when the Russian Empire invaded the country. The Russian Army encountered at first little resistance because the bulk of the German Army had been directed towards the Western Front according to the Schlieffen Plan. Despite early success and the capture of the towns of Rastenburg and Gumbinnen, in the Battle of Tannenberg in 1914 and the Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes in 1915, the Russians were decisively defeated and forced to retreat. The Russians were followed by the German Army advancing into Russian territory.
Which country invaded east Prussia in World War I?
Which country invaded east Prussia in World War I?
[ "Which country invaded east Prussia in World War I?" ]
{ "text": [ "Russian Empire" ], "answer_start": [ 79 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103661
572a2f743f37b31900478788
East_Prussia
At the beginning of World War I, East Prussia became a theatre of war when the Russian Empire invaded the country. The Russian Army encountered at first little resistance because the bulk of the German Army had been directed towards the Western Front according to the Schlieffen Plan. Despite early success and the capture of the towns of Rastenburg and Gumbinnen, in the Battle of Tannenberg in 1914 and the Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes in 1915, the Russians were decisively defeated and forced to retreat. The Russians were followed by the German Army advancing into Russian territory.
Why did the Russian army face such little resistance when moving through Prussia?
Why did the Russian army face such little resistance when moving through Prussia?
[ "Why did the Russian army face such little resistance when moving through Prussia?" ]
{ "text": [ "German Army had been directed towards the Western Front" ], "answer_start": [ 195 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103662
572a2f743f37b31900478789
East_Prussia
At the beginning of World War I, East Prussia became a theatre of war when the Russian Empire invaded the country. The Russian Army encountered at first little resistance because the bulk of the German Army had been directed towards the Western Front according to the Schlieffen Plan. Despite early success and the capture of the towns of Rastenburg and Gumbinnen, in the Battle of Tannenberg in 1914 and the Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes in 1915, the Russians were decisively defeated and forced to retreat. The Russians were followed by the German Army advancing into Russian territory.
In what year did the battle of Tannenberg take place?
In what year did the battle of Tannenberg take place?
[ "In what year did the battle of Tannenberg take place?" ]
{ "text": [ "1914" ], "answer_start": [ 396 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103663
5a3bf6c6cc5d22001a521c64
East_Prussia
At the beginning of World War I, East Prussia became a theatre of war when the Russian Empire invaded the country. The Russian Army encountered at first little resistance because the bulk of the German Army had been directed towards the Western Front according to the Schlieffen Plan. Despite early success and the capture of the towns of Rastenburg and Gumbinnen, in the Battle of Tannenberg in 1914 and the Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes in 1915, the Russians were decisively defeated and forced to retreat. The Russians were followed by the German Army advancing into Russian territory.
In what year did World War I start?
In what year did World War I start?
[ "In what year did World War I start?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103664
5a3bf6c6cc5d22001a521c65
East_Prussia
At the beginning of World War I, East Prussia became a theatre of war when the Russian Empire invaded the country. The Russian Army encountered at first little resistance because the bulk of the German Army had been directed towards the Western Front according to the Schlieffen Plan. Despite early success and the capture of the towns of Rastenburg and Gumbinnen, in the Battle of Tannenberg in 1914 and the Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes in 1915, the Russians were decisively defeated and forced to retreat. The Russians were followed by the German Army advancing into Russian territory.
Who was the German Army fighting on the Western Front?
Who was the German Army fighting on the Western Front?
[ "Who was the German Army fighting on the Western Front?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103665
5a3bf6c6cc5d22001a521c66
East_Prussia
At the beginning of World War I, East Prussia became a theatre of war when the Russian Empire invaded the country. The Russian Army encountered at first little resistance because the bulk of the German Army had been directed towards the Western Front according to the Schlieffen Plan. Despite early success and the capture of the towns of Rastenburg and Gumbinnen, in the Battle of Tannenberg in 1914 and the Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes in 1915, the Russians were decisively defeated and forced to retreat. The Russians were followed by the German Army advancing into Russian territory.
In what year was the First Battle of the Masurian Lakes?
In what year was the First Battle of the Masurian Lakes?
[ "In what year was the First Battle of the Masurian Lakes?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103666
5a3bf6c6cc5d22001a521c67
East_Prussia
At the beginning of World War I, East Prussia became a theatre of war when the Russian Empire invaded the country. The Russian Army encountered at first little resistance because the bulk of the German Army had been directed towards the Western Front according to the Schlieffen Plan. Despite early success and the capture of the towns of Rastenburg and Gumbinnen, in the Battle of Tannenberg in 1914 and the Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes in 1915, the Russians were decisively defeated and forced to retreat. The Russians were followed by the German Army advancing into Russian territory.
In what year did World War I end?
In what year did World War I end?
[ "In what year did World War I end?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103667
572a303eaf94a219006aa879
East_Prussia
With the forced abdication of Emperor William II in 1918, Germany became a republic. Most of West Prussia and the former Prussian Province of Posen, territories annexed by Prussia in the 18th century Partitions of Poland, were ceded to the Second Polish Republic according to the Treaty of Versailles. East Prussia became an exclave, being separated from mainland Germany. After the Treaty of Versailles, East Prussia was separated from Germany as an exclave; the Memelland was also separated from the province. Because most of West Prussia became part of the Second Polish Republic as the Polish Corridor, the formerly West Prussian Marienwerder region became part of East Prussia (as Regierungsbezirk Westpreußen). Also Soldau district in Allenstein region was part of Second Polish Republic. The Seedienst Ostpreußen was established to provide an independent transport service to East Prussia.
In what year did Germany become a republic?
In what year did Germany become a republic?
[ "In what year did Germany become a republic?" ]
{ "text": [ "1918" ], "answer_start": [ 52 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103668
572a303eaf94a219006aa87a
East_Prussia
With the forced abdication of Emperor William II in 1918, Germany became a republic. Most of West Prussia and the former Prussian Province of Posen, territories annexed by Prussia in the 18th century Partitions of Poland, were ceded to the Second Polish Republic according to the Treaty of Versailles. East Prussia became an exclave, being separated from mainland Germany. After the Treaty of Versailles, East Prussia was separated from Germany as an exclave; the Memelland was also separated from the province. Because most of West Prussia became part of the Second Polish Republic as the Polish Corridor, the formerly West Prussian Marienwerder region became part of East Prussia (as Regierungsbezirk Westpreußen). Also Soldau district in Allenstein region was part of Second Polish Republic. The Seedienst Ostpreußen was established to provide an independent transport service to East Prussia.
What was implemented that separated East Prussia from Germany?
What was implemented that separated East Prussia from Germany?
[ "What was implemented that separated East Prussia from Germany?" ]
{ "text": [ "Treaty of Versailles" ], "answer_start": [ 383 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103669
572a303eaf94a219006aa87b
East_Prussia
With the forced abdication of Emperor William II in 1918, Germany became a republic. Most of West Prussia and the former Prussian Province of Posen, territories annexed by Prussia in the 18th century Partitions of Poland, were ceded to the Second Polish Republic according to the Treaty of Versailles. East Prussia became an exclave, being separated from mainland Germany. After the Treaty of Versailles, East Prussia was separated from Germany as an exclave; the Memelland was also separated from the province. Because most of West Prussia became part of the Second Polish Republic as the Polish Corridor, the formerly West Prussian Marienwerder region became part of East Prussia (as Regierungsbezirk Westpreußen). Also Soldau district in Allenstein region was part of Second Polish Republic. The Seedienst Ostpreußen was established to provide an independent transport service to East Prussia.
What was implemented to provide transport to East Prussia?
What was implemented to provide transport to East Prussia?
[ "What was implemented to provide transport to East Prussia?" ]
{ "text": [ "The Seedienst Ostpreußen" ], "answer_start": [ 795 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103670
5a3bf7fdcc5d22001a521c6c
East_Prussia
With the forced abdication of Emperor William II in 1918, Germany became a republic. Most of West Prussia and the former Prussian Province of Posen, territories annexed by Prussia in the 18th century Partitions of Poland, were ceded to the Second Polish Republic according to the Treaty of Versailles. East Prussia became an exclave, being separated from mainland Germany. After the Treaty of Versailles, East Prussia was separated from Germany as an exclave; the Memelland was also separated from the province. Because most of West Prussia became part of the Second Polish Republic as the Polish Corridor, the formerly West Prussian Marienwerder region became part of East Prussia (as Regierungsbezirk Westpreußen). Also Soldau district in Allenstein region was part of Second Polish Republic. The Seedienst Ostpreußen was established to provide an independent transport service to East Prussia.
In what year was William II crowned as Emperor?
In what year was William II crowned as Emperor?
[ "In what year was William II crowned as Emperor?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103671
5a3bf7fdcc5d22001a521c6d
East_Prussia
With the forced abdication of Emperor William II in 1918, Germany became a republic. Most of West Prussia and the former Prussian Province of Posen, territories annexed by Prussia in the 18th century Partitions of Poland, were ceded to the Second Polish Republic according to the Treaty of Versailles. East Prussia became an exclave, being separated from mainland Germany. After the Treaty of Versailles, East Prussia was separated from Germany as an exclave; the Memelland was also separated from the province. Because most of West Prussia became part of the Second Polish Republic as the Polish Corridor, the formerly West Prussian Marienwerder region became part of East Prussia (as Regierungsbezirk Westpreußen). Also Soldau district in Allenstein region was part of Second Polish Republic. The Seedienst Ostpreußen was established to provide an independent transport service to East Prussia.
In what year was the Second Polish Republic established?
In what year was the Second Polish Republic established?
[ "In what year was the Second Polish Republic established?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103672
5a3bf7fdcc5d22001a521c6e
East_Prussia
With the forced abdication of Emperor William II in 1918, Germany became a republic. Most of West Prussia and the former Prussian Province of Posen, territories annexed by Prussia in the 18th century Partitions of Poland, were ceded to the Second Polish Republic according to the Treaty of Versailles. East Prussia became an exclave, being separated from mainland Germany. After the Treaty of Versailles, East Prussia was separated from Germany as an exclave; the Memelland was also separated from the province. Because most of West Prussia became part of the Second Polish Republic as the Polish Corridor, the formerly West Prussian Marienwerder region became part of East Prussia (as Regierungsbezirk Westpreußen). Also Soldau district in Allenstein region was part of Second Polish Republic. The Seedienst Ostpreußen was established to provide an independent transport service to East Prussia.
In what year was the Treaty of Versailles signed?
In what year was the Treaty of Versailles signed?
[ "In what year was the Treaty of Versailles signed?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103673
5a3bf7fdcc5d22001a521c6f
East_Prussia
With the forced abdication of Emperor William II in 1918, Germany became a republic. Most of West Prussia and the former Prussian Province of Posen, territories annexed by Prussia in the 18th century Partitions of Poland, were ceded to the Second Polish Republic according to the Treaty of Versailles. East Prussia became an exclave, being separated from mainland Germany. After the Treaty of Versailles, East Prussia was separated from Germany as an exclave; the Memelland was also separated from the province. Because most of West Prussia became part of the Second Polish Republic as the Polish Corridor, the formerly West Prussian Marienwerder region became part of East Prussia (as Regierungsbezirk Westpreußen). Also Soldau district in Allenstein region was part of Second Polish Republic. The Seedienst Ostpreußen was established to provide an independent transport service to East Prussia.
Who was the first leader of the Second Polish Republic?
Who was the first leader of the Second Polish Republic?
[ "Who was the first leader of the Second Polish Republic?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103674
5a3bf7fdcc5d22001a521c70
East_Prussia
With the forced abdication of Emperor William II in 1918, Germany became a republic. Most of West Prussia and the former Prussian Province of Posen, territories annexed by Prussia in the 18th century Partitions of Poland, were ceded to the Second Polish Republic according to the Treaty of Versailles. East Prussia became an exclave, being separated from mainland Germany. After the Treaty of Versailles, East Prussia was separated from Germany as an exclave; the Memelland was also separated from the province. Because most of West Prussia became part of the Second Polish Republic as the Polish Corridor, the formerly West Prussian Marienwerder region became part of East Prussia (as Regierungsbezirk Westpreußen). Also Soldau district in Allenstein region was part of Second Polish Republic. The Seedienst Ostpreußen was established to provide an independent transport service to East Prussia.
What was one of the countries that forced Emperor William II to abdicate?
What was one of the countries that forced Emperor William II to abdicate?
[ "What was one of the countries that forced Emperor William II to abdicate?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103675
572a38ef3f37b319004787dd
East_Prussia
Erich Koch headed the East Prussian Nazi party from 1928. He led the district from 1932. This period was characterized by efforts to collectivize the local agriculture and ruthlessness in dealing with his critics inside and outside the Party. He also had long-term plans for mass-scale industrialization of the largely agricultural province. These actions made him unpopular among the local peasants. In 1932 the local paramilitary SA had already started to terrorise their political opponents. On the night of 31 July 1932 there was a bomb attack on the headquarters of the Social Democrats in Königsberg, the Otto-Braun-House. The Communist politician Gustav Sauf was killed; the executive editor of the Social Democrat "Königsberger Volkszeitung", Otto Wyrgatsch, and the German People's Party politician Max von Bahrfeldt were severely injured. Members of the Reichsbanner were attacked and the local Reichsbanner Chairman of Lötzen, Kurt Kotzan, was murdered on 6 August 1932.
Who was the leader of the East Prussian Nazi Party?
Who was the leader of the East Prussian Nazi Party?
[ "Who was the leader of the East Prussian Nazi Party?" ]
{ "text": [ "Erich Koch" ], "answer_start": [ 0 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103676
572a38ef3f37b319004787de
East_Prussia
Erich Koch headed the East Prussian Nazi party from 1928. He led the district from 1932. This period was characterized by efforts to collectivize the local agriculture and ruthlessness in dealing with his critics inside and outside the Party. He also had long-term plans for mass-scale industrialization of the largely agricultural province. These actions made him unpopular among the local peasants. In 1932 the local paramilitary SA had already started to terrorise their political opponents. On the night of 31 July 1932 there was a bomb attack on the headquarters of the Social Democrats in Königsberg, the Otto-Braun-House. The Communist politician Gustav Sauf was killed; the executive editor of the Social Democrat "Königsberger Volkszeitung", Otto Wyrgatsch, and the German People's Party politician Max von Bahrfeldt were severely injured. Members of the Reichsbanner were attacked and the local Reichsbanner Chairman of Lötzen, Kurt Kotzan, was murdered on 6 August 1932.
What large plans did Koch have?
What large plans did Koch have?
[ "What large plans did Koch have?" ]
{ "text": [ "mass-scale industrialization of the largely agricultural province" ], "answer_start": [ 275 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103677
572a38ef3f37b319004787df
East_Prussia
Erich Koch headed the East Prussian Nazi party from 1928. He led the district from 1932. This period was characterized by efforts to collectivize the local agriculture and ruthlessness in dealing with his critics inside and outside the Party. He also had long-term plans for mass-scale industrialization of the largely agricultural province. These actions made him unpopular among the local peasants. In 1932 the local paramilitary SA had already started to terrorise their political opponents. On the night of 31 July 1932 there was a bomb attack on the headquarters of the Social Democrats in Königsberg, the Otto-Braun-House. The Communist politician Gustav Sauf was killed; the executive editor of the Social Democrat "Königsberger Volkszeitung", Otto Wyrgatsch, and the German People's Party politician Max von Bahrfeldt were severely injured. Members of the Reichsbanner were attacked and the local Reichsbanner Chairman of Lötzen, Kurt Kotzan, was murdered on 6 August 1932.
What even occurred during the summer of 1932 in Konigsberg?
What even occurred during the summer of 1932 in Konigsberg?
[ "What even occurred during the summer of 1932 in Konigsberg?" ]
{ "text": [ "attack on the headquarters of the Social Democrats" ], "answer_start": [ 541 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103678
572a38ef3f37b319004787e0
East_Prussia
Erich Koch headed the East Prussian Nazi party from 1928. He led the district from 1932. This period was characterized by efforts to collectivize the local agriculture and ruthlessness in dealing with his critics inside and outside the Party. He also had long-term plans for mass-scale industrialization of the largely agricultural province. These actions made him unpopular among the local peasants. In 1932 the local paramilitary SA had already started to terrorise their political opponents. On the night of 31 July 1932 there was a bomb attack on the headquarters of the Social Democrats in Königsberg, the Otto-Braun-House. The Communist politician Gustav Sauf was killed; the executive editor of the Social Democrat "Königsberger Volkszeitung", Otto Wyrgatsch, and the German People's Party politician Max von Bahrfeldt were severely injured. Members of the Reichsbanner were attacked and the local Reichsbanner Chairman of Lötzen, Kurt Kotzan, was murdered on 6 August 1932.
Who was killed in the attack of the Social Democrats?
Who was killed in the attack of the Social Democrats?
[ "Who was killed in the attack of the Social Democrats?" ]
{ "text": [ "Gustav Sauf" ], "answer_start": [ 654 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103679
5a3bf96acc5d22001a521c7e
East_Prussia
Erich Koch headed the East Prussian Nazi party from 1928. He led the district from 1932. This period was characterized by efforts to collectivize the local agriculture and ruthlessness in dealing with his critics inside and outside the Party. He also had long-term plans for mass-scale industrialization of the largely agricultural province. These actions made him unpopular among the local peasants. In 1932 the local paramilitary SA had already started to terrorise their political opponents. On the night of 31 July 1932 there was a bomb attack on the headquarters of the Social Democrats in Königsberg, the Otto-Braun-House. The Communist politician Gustav Sauf was killed; the executive editor of the Social Democrat "Königsberger Volkszeitung", Otto Wyrgatsch, and the German People's Party politician Max von Bahrfeldt were severely injured. Members of the Reichsbanner were attacked and the local Reichsbanner Chairman of Lötzen, Kurt Kotzan, was murdered on 6 August 1932.
In what year did Konigsberger Volkszeitung become an executive editor?
In what year did Konigsberger Volkszeitung become an executive editor?
[ "In what year did Konigsberger Volkszeitung become an executive editor?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103680
5a3bf96acc5d22001a521c7f
East_Prussia
Erich Koch headed the East Prussian Nazi party from 1928. He led the district from 1932. This period was characterized by efforts to collectivize the local agriculture and ruthlessness in dealing with his critics inside and outside the Party. He also had long-term plans for mass-scale industrialization of the largely agricultural province. These actions made him unpopular among the local peasants. In 1932 the local paramilitary SA had already started to terrorise their political opponents. On the night of 31 July 1932 there was a bomb attack on the headquarters of the Social Democrats in Königsberg, the Otto-Braun-House. The Communist politician Gustav Sauf was killed; the executive editor of the Social Democrat "Königsberger Volkszeitung", Otto Wyrgatsch, and the German People's Party politician Max von Bahrfeldt were severely injured. Members of the Reichsbanner were attacked and the local Reichsbanner Chairman of Lötzen, Kurt Kotzan, was murdered on 6 August 1932.
In what year did Kurt Kotzan become the Reichsbanner Chairman of Lotzen?
In what year did Kurt Kotzan become the Reichsbanner Chairman of Lotzen?
[ "In what year did Kurt Kotzan become the Reichsbanner Chairman of Lotzen?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103681
5a3bf96acc5d22001a521c80
East_Prussia
Erich Koch headed the East Prussian Nazi party from 1928. He led the district from 1932. This period was characterized by efforts to collectivize the local agriculture and ruthlessness in dealing with his critics inside and outside the Party. He also had long-term plans for mass-scale industrialization of the largely agricultural province. These actions made him unpopular among the local peasants. In 1932 the local paramilitary SA had already started to terrorise their political opponents. On the night of 31 July 1932 there was a bomb attack on the headquarters of the Social Democrats in Königsberg, the Otto-Braun-House. The Communist politician Gustav Sauf was killed; the executive editor of the Social Democrat "Königsberger Volkszeitung", Otto Wyrgatsch, and the German People's Party politician Max von Bahrfeldt were severely injured. Members of the Reichsbanner were attacked and the local Reichsbanner Chairman of Lötzen, Kurt Kotzan, was murdered on 6 August 1932.
Who was the local Reichsbanner Chairman of Konigsberg?
Who was the local Reichsbanner Chairman of Konigsberg?
[ "Who was the local Reichsbanner Chairman of Konigsberg?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103682
5a3bf96acc5d22001a521c81
East_Prussia
Erich Koch headed the East Prussian Nazi party from 1928. He led the district from 1932. This period was characterized by efforts to collectivize the local agriculture and ruthlessness in dealing with his critics inside and outside the Party. He also had long-term plans for mass-scale industrialization of the largely agricultural province. These actions made him unpopular among the local peasants. In 1932 the local paramilitary SA had already started to terrorise their political opponents. On the night of 31 July 1932 there was a bomb attack on the headquarters of the Social Democrats in Königsberg, the Otto-Braun-House. The Communist politician Gustav Sauf was killed; the executive editor of the Social Democrat "Königsberger Volkszeitung", Otto Wyrgatsch, and the German People's Party politician Max von Bahrfeldt were severely injured. Members of the Reichsbanner were attacked and the local Reichsbanner Chairman of Lötzen, Kurt Kotzan, was murdered on 6 August 1932.
In what year did Max von Bahrfeldt become a politician for the German People's Party?
In what year did Max von Bahrfeldt become a politician for the German People's Party?
[ "In what year did Max von Bahrfeldt become a politician for the German People's Party?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103683
5a3bf96acc5d22001a521c82
East_Prussia
Erich Koch headed the East Prussian Nazi party from 1928. He led the district from 1932. This period was characterized by efforts to collectivize the local agriculture and ruthlessness in dealing with his critics inside and outside the Party. He also had long-term plans for mass-scale industrialization of the largely agricultural province. These actions made him unpopular among the local peasants. In 1932 the local paramilitary SA had already started to terrorise their political opponents. On the night of 31 July 1932 there was a bomb attack on the headquarters of the Social Democrats in Königsberg, the Otto-Braun-House. The Communist politician Gustav Sauf was killed; the executive editor of the Social Democrat "Königsberger Volkszeitung", Otto Wyrgatsch, and the German People's Party politician Max von Bahrfeldt were severely injured. Members of the Reichsbanner were attacked and the local Reichsbanner Chairman of Lötzen, Kurt Kotzan, was murdered on 6 August 1932.
In what year did the East Prussian Nazi party form?
In what year did the East Prussian Nazi party form?
[ "In what year did the East Prussian Nazi party form?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103684
572a3b9caf94a219006aa8ed
East_Prussia
Through publicly funded emergency relief programs concentrating on agricultural land-improvement projects and road construction, the "Erich Koch Plan" for East Prussia allegedly made the province free of unemployment; on August 16, 1933 Koch reported to Hitler that unemployment had been banished entirely from East Prussia, a feat that gained admiration throughout the Reich. Koch's industrialization plans led him into conflict with R. Walther Darré, who held the office of the Reich Peasant Leader (Reichsbauernführer) and Minister of Agriculture. Darré, a neopaganist rural romantic, wanted to enforce his vision of an agricultural East Prussia. When his "Land" representatives challenged Koch's plans, Koch had them arrested.
How were East Prussians able to pay for land improvements and road construction?
How were East Prussians able to pay for land improvements and road construction?
[ "How were East Prussians able to pay for land improvements and road construction?" ]
{ "text": [ "publicly funded emergency relief programs" ], "answer_start": [ 8 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103685
572a3b9caf94a219006aa8ee
East_Prussia
Through publicly funded emergency relief programs concentrating on agricultural land-improvement projects and road construction, the "Erich Koch Plan" for East Prussia allegedly made the province free of unemployment; on August 16, 1933 Koch reported to Hitler that unemployment had been banished entirely from East Prussia, a feat that gained admiration throughout the Reich. Koch's industrialization plans led him into conflict with R. Walther Darré, who held the office of the Reich Peasant Leader (Reichsbauernführer) and Minister of Agriculture. Darré, a neopaganist rural romantic, wanted to enforce his vision of an agricultural East Prussia. When his "Land" representatives challenged Koch's plans, Koch had them arrested.
What was the name of the initiative to help with the new projects in East Prussia?
What was the name of the initiative to help with the new projects in East Prussia?
[ "What was the name of the initiative to help with the new projects in East Prussia?" ]
{ "text": [ "Erich Koch Plan" ], "answer_start": [ 134 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103686
572a3b9caf94a219006aa8ef
East_Prussia
Through publicly funded emergency relief programs concentrating on agricultural land-improvement projects and road construction, the "Erich Koch Plan" for East Prussia allegedly made the province free of unemployment; on August 16, 1933 Koch reported to Hitler that unemployment had been banished entirely from East Prussia, a feat that gained admiration throughout the Reich. Koch's industrialization plans led him into conflict with R. Walther Darré, who held the office of the Reich Peasant Leader (Reichsbauernführer) and Minister of Agriculture. Darré, a neopaganist rural romantic, wanted to enforce his vision of an agricultural East Prussia. When his "Land" representatives challenged Koch's plans, Koch had them arrested.
What did Koch report to Hitler in 1933?
What did Koch report to Hitler in 1933?
[ "What did Koch report to Hitler in 1933?" ]
{ "text": [ "that unemployment had been banished entirely" ], "answer_start": [ 261 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103687
5a3bfa41cc5d22001a521c92
East_Prussia
Through publicly funded emergency relief programs concentrating on agricultural land-improvement projects and road construction, the "Erich Koch Plan" for East Prussia allegedly made the province free of unemployment; on August 16, 1933 Koch reported to Hitler that unemployment had been banished entirely from East Prussia, a feat that gained admiration throughout the Reich. Koch's industrialization plans led him into conflict with R. Walther Darré, who held the office of the Reich Peasant Leader (Reichsbauernführer) and Minister of Agriculture. Darré, a neopaganist rural romantic, wanted to enforce his vision of an agricultural East Prussia. When his "Land" representatives challenged Koch's plans, Koch had them arrested.
On what date did R. Walther Darre become the Reich Peasant Leader?
On what date did R. Walther Darre become the Reich Peasant Leader?
[ "On what date did R. Walther Darre become the Reich Peasant Leader?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103688
5a3bfa41cc5d22001a521c93
East_Prussia
Through publicly funded emergency relief programs concentrating on agricultural land-improvement projects and road construction, the "Erich Koch Plan" for East Prussia allegedly made the province free of unemployment; on August 16, 1933 Koch reported to Hitler that unemployment had been banished entirely from East Prussia, a feat that gained admiration throughout the Reich. Koch's industrialization plans led him into conflict with R. Walther Darré, who held the office of the Reich Peasant Leader (Reichsbauernführer) and Minister of Agriculture. Darré, a neopaganist rural romantic, wanted to enforce his vision of an agricultural East Prussia. When his "Land" representatives challenged Koch's plans, Koch had them arrested.
What religion was Erich Koch?
What religion was Erich Koch?
[ "What religion was Erich Koch?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103689
5a3bfa41cc5d22001a521c94
East_Prussia
Through publicly funded emergency relief programs concentrating on agricultural land-improvement projects and road construction, the "Erich Koch Plan" for East Prussia allegedly made the province free of unemployment; on August 16, 1933 Koch reported to Hitler that unemployment had been banished entirely from East Prussia, a feat that gained admiration throughout the Reich. Koch's industrialization plans led him into conflict with R. Walther Darré, who held the office of the Reich Peasant Leader (Reichsbauernführer) and Minister of Agriculture. Darré, a neopaganist rural romantic, wanted to enforce his vision of an agricultural East Prussia. When his "Land" representatives challenged Koch's plans, Koch had them arrested.
On what date were Koch's "Land" representative arrested?
On what date were Koch's "Land" representative arrested?
[ "On what date were Koch's \"Land\" representative arrested?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103690
5a3bfa41cc5d22001a521c95
East_Prussia
Through publicly funded emergency relief programs concentrating on agricultural land-improvement projects and road construction, the "Erich Koch Plan" for East Prussia allegedly made the province free of unemployment; on August 16, 1933 Koch reported to Hitler that unemployment had been banished entirely from East Prussia, a feat that gained admiration throughout the Reich. Koch's industrialization plans led him into conflict with R. Walther Darré, who held the office of the Reich Peasant Leader (Reichsbauernführer) and Minister of Agriculture. Darré, a neopaganist rural romantic, wanted to enforce his vision of an agricultural East Prussia. When his "Land" representatives challenged Koch's plans, Koch had them arrested.
What position did Hitler have?
What position did Hitler have?
[ "What position did Hitler have?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103691
5a3bfa41cc5d22001a521c96
East_Prussia
Through publicly funded emergency relief programs concentrating on agricultural land-improvement projects and road construction, the "Erich Koch Plan" for East Prussia allegedly made the province free of unemployment; on August 16, 1933 Koch reported to Hitler that unemployment had been banished entirely from East Prussia, a feat that gained admiration throughout the Reich. Koch's industrialization plans led him into conflict with R. Walther Darré, who held the office of the Reich Peasant Leader (Reichsbauernführer) and Minister of Agriculture. Darré, a neopaganist rural romantic, wanted to enforce his vision of an agricultural East Prussia. When his "Land" representatives challenged Koch's plans, Koch had them arrested.
How much unemployment was there throughout the Reich?
How much unemployment was there throughout the Reich?
[ "How much unemployment was there throughout the Reich?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103692
572a3ff73f37b31900478823
East_Prussia
In 1938 the Nazis altered about one-third of the toponyms of the area, eliminating, Germanizing, or simplifying a number of Old Prussian names, as well as those Polish or Lithuanian names originating from colonists and refugees to Prussia during and after the Protestant Reformation. More than 1,500 places were ordered to be renamed by 16 July 1938 following a decree issued by Gauleiter and Oberpräsident Erich Koch and initiated by Adolf Hitler. Many who would not cooperate with the rulers of Nazi Germany were sent to concentration camps and held prisoner there until their death or liberation.
In what year did the Nazi's alter around one-third of the toponyms of the area?
In what year did the Nazi's alter around one-third of the toponyms of the area?
[ "In what year did the Nazi's alter around one-third of the toponyms of the area?" ]
{ "text": [ "1938" ], "answer_start": [ 3 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103693
572a3ff73f37b31900478824
East_Prussia
In 1938 the Nazis altered about one-third of the toponyms of the area, eliminating, Germanizing, or simplifying a number of Old Prussian names, as well as those Polish or Lithuanian names originating from colonists and refugees to Prussia during and after the Protestant Reformation. More than 1,500 places were ordered to be renamed by 16 July 1938 following a decree issued by Gauleiter and Oberpräsident Erich Koch and initiated by Adolf Hitler. Many who would not cooperate with the rulers of Nazi Germany were sent to concentration camps and held prisoner there until their death or liberation.
Around how many places were renamed when the Nazis entered Prussia?
Around how many places were renamed when the Nazis entered Prussia?
[ "Around how many places were renamed when the Nazis entered Prussia?" ]
{ "text": [ "1,500" ], "answer_start": [ 294 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103694
572a3ff73f37b31900478825
East_Prussia
In 1938 the Nazis altered about one-third of the toponyms of the area, eliminating, Germanizing, or simplifying a number of Old Prussian names, as well as those Polish or Lithuanian names originating from colonists and refugees to Prussia during and after the Protestant Reformation. More than 1,500 places were ordered to be renamed by 16 July 1938 following a decree issued by Gauleiter and Oberpräsident Erich Koch and initiated by Adolf Hitler. Many who would not cooperate with the rulers of Nazi Germany were sent to concentration camps and held prisoner there until their death or liberation.
What would happen if some didn't comply with the Nazi's with their demands?
What would happen if some didn't comply with the Nazi's with their demands?
[ "What would happen if some didn't comply with the Nazi's with their demands?" ]
{ "text": [ "sent to concentration camps" ], "answer_start": [ 515 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103695
5a3bfaf6cc5d22001a521c9c
East_Prussia
In 1938 the Nazis altered about one-third of the toponyms of the area, eliminating, Germanizing, or simplifying a number of Old Prussian names, as well as those Polish or Lithuanian names originating from colonists and refugees to Prussia during and after the Protestant Reformation. More than 1,500 places were ordered to be renamed by 16 July 1938 following a decree issued by Gauleiter and Oberpräsident Erich Koch and initiated by Adolf Hitler. Many who would not cooperate with the rulers of Nazi Germany were sent to concentration camps and held prisoner there until their death or liberation.
In what year was the Protestant Reformation started?
In what year was the Protestant Reformation started?
[ "In what year was the Protestant Reformation started?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103696
5a3bfaf6cc5d22001a521c9d
East_Prussia
In 1938 the Nazis altered about one-third of the toponyms of the area, eliminating, Germanizing, or simplifying a number of Old Prussian names, as well as those Polish or Lithuanian names originating from colonists and refugees to Prussia during and after the Protestant Reformation. More than 1,500 places were ordered to be renamed by 16 July 1938 following a decree issued by Gauleiter and Oberpräsident Erich Koch and initiated by Adolf Hitler. Many who would not cooperate with the rulers of Nazi Germany were sent to concentration camps and held prisoner there until their death or liberation.
What position did Adolf Hitler have in 1938?
What position did Adolf Hitler have in 1938?
[ "What position did Adolf Hitler have in 1938?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103697
5a3bfaf6cc5d22001a521c9e
East_Prussia
In 1938 the Nazis altered about one-third of the toponyms of the area, eliminating, Germanizing, or simplifying a number of Old Prussian names, as well as those Polish or Lithuanian names originating from colonists and refugees to Prussia during and after the Protestant Reformation. More than 1,500 places were ordered to be renamed by 16 July 1938 following a decree issued by Gauleiter and Oberpräsident Erich Koch and initiated by Adolf Hitler. Many who would not cooperate with the rulers of Nazi Germany were sent to concentration camps and held prisoner there until their death or liberation.
In what year did Adolf Hitler rise to power?
In what year did Adolf Hitler rise to power?
[ "In what year did Adolf Hitler rise to power?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103698
5a3bfaf6cc5d22001a521c9f
East_Prussia
In 1938 the Nazis altered about one-third of the toponyms of the area, eliminating, Germanizing, or simplifying a number of Old Prussian names, as well as those Polish or Lithuanian names originating from colonists and refugees to Prussia during and after the Protestant Reformation. More than 1,500 places were ordered to be renamed by 16 July 1938 following a decree issued by Gauleiter and Oberpräsident Erich Koch and initiated by Adolf Hitler. Many who would not cooperate with the rulers of Nazi Germany were sent to concentration camps and held prisoner there until their death or liberation.
How many Polish places were there ordered to be renamed?
How many Polish places were there ordered to be renamed?
[ "How many Polish places were there ordered to be renamed?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-103699
5a3bfaf6cc5d22001a521ca0
East_Prussia
In 1938 the Nazis altered about one-third of the toponyms of the area, eliminating, Germanizing, or simplifying a number of Old Prussian names, as well as those Polish or Lithuanian names originating from colonists and refugees to Prussia during and after the Protestant Reformation. More than 1,500 places were ordered to be renamed by 16 July 1938 following a decree issued by Gauleiter and Oberpräsident Erich Koch and initiated by Adolf Hitler. Many who would not cooperate with the rulers of Nazi Germany were sent to concentration camps and held prisoner there until their death or liberation.
How many Lithuanian places were ordered to be renamed?
How many Lithuanian places were ordered to be renamed?
[ "How many Lithuanian places were ordered to be renamed?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }