gem_id stringlengths 20 25 | id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringlengths 3 59 | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 1 270 | target stringlengths 1 270 | references list | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gem-squad_v2-train-106200 | 5725cad4271a42140099d1d4 | Hellenistic_period | Antigonus II, a student of Zeno of Citium, spent most of his rule defending Macedon against Epirus and cementing Macedonian power in Greece, first against the Athenians in the Chremonidean War, and then against the Achaean League of Aratus of Sicyon. Under the Antigonids, Macedonia was often short on funds, the Pangaeu... | Who taught Antigonus II? | Who taught Antigonus II? | [
"Who taught Antigonus II?"
] | {
"text": [
"Zeno of Citium"
],
"answer_start": [
27
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106201 | 5725cad4271a42140099d1d5 | Hellenistic_period | Antigonus II, a student of Zeno of Citium, spent most of his rule defending Macedon against Epirus and cementing Macedonian power in Greece, first against the Athenians in the Chremonidean War, and then against the Achaean League of Aratus of Sicyon. Under the Antigonids, Macedonia was often short on funds, the Pangaeu... | Who did Antigonus II defend against? | Who did Antigonus II defend against? | [
"Who did Antigonus II defend against?"
] | {
"text": [
"Epirus"
],
"answer_start": [
92
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106202 | 5725cb5eec44d21400f3d5ab | Hellenistic_period | Philip V, who came to power when Doson died in 221 BC, was the last Macedonian ruler with both the talent and the opportunity to unite Greece and preserve its independence against the "cloud rising in the west": the ever-increasing power of Rome. He was known as "the darling of Hellas". Under his auspices the Peace of ... | When did Doson die? | When did Doson die? | [
"When did Doson die?"
] | {
"text": [
"221 BC"
],
"answer_start": [
47
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106203 | 5725cb5eec44d21400f3d5ac | Hellenistic_period | Philip V, who came to power when Doson died in 221 BC, was the last Macedonian ruler with both the talent and the opportunity to unite Greece and preserve its independence against the "cloud rising in the west": the ever-increasing power of Rome. He was known as "the darling of Hellas". Under his auspices the Peace of ... | Who took control when Doson died? | Who took control when Doson died? | [
"Who took control when Doson died?"
] | {
"text": [
"Philip V"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106204 | 5725cb5eec44d21400f3d5ad | Hellenistic_period | Philip V, who came to power when Doson died in 221 BC, was the last Macedonian ruler with both the talent and the opportunity to unite Greece and preserve its independence against the "cloud rising in the west": the ever-increasing power of Rome. He was known as "the darling of Hellas". Under his auspices the Peace of ... | Which ruler had the last, best chance of uniting Greece? | Which ruler had the last, best chance of uniting Greece? | [
"Which ruler had the last, best chance of uniting Greece?"
] | {
"text": [
"Philip V"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106205 | 5725cb5eec44d21400f3d5ae | Hellenistic_period | Philip V, who came to power when Doson died in 221 BC, was the last Macedonian ruler with both the talent and the opportunity to unite Greece and preserve its independence against the "cloud rising in the west": the ever-increasing power of Rome. He was known as "the darling of Hellas". Under his auspices the Peace of ... | What was Philip V known as? | What was Philip V known as? | [
"What was Philip V known as?"
] | {
"text": [
"the darling of Hellas"
],
"answer_start": [
264
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106206 | 5725cb5eec44d21400f3d5af | Hellenistic_period | Philip V, who came to power when Doson died in 221 BC, was the last Macedonian ruler with both the talent and the opportunity to unite Greece and preserve its independence against the "cloud rising in the west": the ever-increasing power of Rome. He was known as "the darling of Hellas". Under his auspices the Peace of ... | When was the Peace of Naupactus? | When was the Peace of Naupactus? | [
"When was the Peace of Naupactus?"
] | {
"text": [
"217 BC"
],
"answer_start": [
331
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106207 | 5725cc0e89a1e219009abee2 | Hellenistic_period | In 215 BC Philip, with his eye on Illyria, formed an alliance with Rome's enemy Hannibal of Carthage, which led to Roman alliances with the Achaean League, Rhodes and Pergamum. The First Macedonian War broke out in 212 BC, and ended inconclusively in 205 BC. Philip continued to wage war against Pergamon and Rhodes for ... | When did Philip form and alliance with Hannibal of Carthage? | When did Philip form and alliance with Hannibal of Carthage? | [
"When did Philip form and alliance with Hannibal of Carthage?"
] | {
"text": [
"215 BC"
],
"answer_start": [
3
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106208 | 5725cc0e89a1e219009abee3 | Hellenistic_period | In 215 BC Philip, with his eye on Illyria, formed an alliance with Rome's enemy Hannibal of Carthage, which led to Roman alliances with the Achaean League, Rhodes and Pergamum. The First Macedonian War broke out in 212 BC, and ended inconclusively in 205 BC. Philip continued to wage war against Pergamon and Rhodes for ... | When did the First Macedonian War begin? | When did the First Macedonian War begin? | [
"When did the First Macedonian War begin?"
] | {
"text": [
"212 BC"
],
"answer_start": [
215
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106209 | 5725cc0e89a1e219009abee4 | Hellenistic_period | In 215 BC Philip, with his eye on Illyria, formed an alliance with Rome's enemy Hannibal of Carthage, which led to Roman alliances with the Achaean League, Rhodes and Pergamum. The First Macedonian War broke out in 212 BC, and ended inconclusively in 205 BC. Philip continued to wage war against Pergamon and Rhodes for ... | When did the First Macedonian War end? | When did the First Macedonian War end? | [
"When did the First Macedonian War end?"
] | {
"text": [
"205 BC"
],
"answer_start": [
251
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106210 | 5725cc0e89a1e219009abee5 | Hellenistic_period | In 215 BC Philip, with his eye on Illyria, formed an alliance with Rome's enemy Hannibal of Carthage, which led to Roman alliances with the Achaean League, Rhodes and Pergamum. The First Macedonian War broke out in 212 BC, and ended inconclusively in 205 BC. Philip continued to wage war against Pergamon and Rhodes for ... | How did the First Macedonian War end? | How did the First Macedonian War end? | [
"How did the First Macedonian War end?"
] | {
"text": [
"inconclusively"
],
"answer_start": [
233
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106211 | 5725cc0e89a1e219009abee6 | Hellenistic_period | In 215 BC Philip, with his eye on Illyria, formed an alliance with Rome's enemy Hannibal of Carthage, which led to Roman alliances with the Achaean League, Rhodes and Pergamum. The First Macedonian War broke out in 212 BC, and ended inconclusively in 205 BC. Philip continued to wage war against Pergamon and Rhodes for ... | Who defeated Philip? | Who defeated Philip? | [
"Who defeated Philip?"
] | {
"text": [
"Titus Quinctius Flamininus"
],
"answer_start": [
548
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106212 | 5725cd5838643c19005acd35 | Hellenistic_period | The west Balkan coast was inhabited by various Illyrian tribes and kingdoms such as the kingdom of the Dalmatae and of the Ardiaei, who often engaged in piracy under Queen Teuta (reigned 231 BC to 227 BCE). Further inland was the Illyrian Paeonian Kingdom and the tribe of the Agrianes which covers most of the modern re... | What years did Queen Teutra reign? | What years did Queen Teutra reign? | [
"What years did Queen Teutra reign?"
] | {
"text": [
"231 BC to 227 BCE"
],
"answer_start": [
187
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106213 | 5725cd5838643c19005acd36 | Hellenistic_period | The west Balkan coast was inhabited by various Illyrian tribes and kingdoms such as the kingdom of the Dalmatae and of the Ardiaei, who often engaged in piracy under Queen Teuta (reigned 231 BC to 227 BCE). Further inland was the Illyrian Paeonian Kingdom and the tribe of the Agrianes which covers most of the modern re... | From where did Illyrians import there weapons and armor? | From where did Illyrians import there weapons and armor? | [
"From where did Illyrians import there weapons and armor?"
] | {
"text": [
"Ancient Greeks"
],
"answer_start": [
587
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106214 | 5725cd5838643c19005acd37 | Hellenistic_period | The west Balkan coast was inhabited by various Illyrian tribes and kingdoms such as the kingdom of the Dalmatae and of the Ardiaei, who often engaged in piracy under Queen Teuta (reigned 231 BC to 227 BCE). Further inland was the Illyrian Paeonian Kingdom and the tribe of the Agrianes which covers most of the modern re... | What type or ornamentation was featured on the Illyrians shilds and war belts? | What type or ornamentation was featured on the Illyrians shilds and war belts? | [
"What type or ornamentation was featured on the Illyrians shilds and war belts?"
] | {
"text": [
"Ancient Macedon"
],
"answer_start": [
700
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106215 | 5725cd5838643c19005acd38 | Hellenistic_period | The west Balkan coast was inhabited by various Illyrian tribes and kingdoms such as the kingdom of the Dalmatae and of the Ardiaei, who often engaged in piracy under Queen Teuta (reigned 231 BC to 227 BCE). Further inland was the Illyrian Paeonian Kingdom and the tribe of the Agrianes which covers most of the modern re... | What tribes inhabited the Balkan Coast? | What tribes inhabited the Balkan Coast? | [
"What tribes inhabited the Balkan Coast?"
] | {
"text": [
"Illyrian"
],
"answer_start": [
47
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106216 | 5725cd5838643c19005acd39 | Hellenistic_period | The west Balkan coast was inhabited by various Illyrian tribes and kingdoms such as the kingdom of the Dalmatae and of the Ardiaei, who often engaged in piracy under Queen Teuta (reigned 231 BC to 227 BCE). Further inland was the Illyrian Paeonian Kingdom and the tribe of the Agrianes which covers most of the modern re... | What tribe covered most of the republic of Macedonia? | What tribe covered most of the republic of Macedonia? | [
"What tribe covered most of the republic of Macedonia?"
] | {
"text": [
"Agrianes"
],
"answer_start": [
277
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106217 | 5725ce2e271a42140099d209 | Hellenistic_period | The Odrysian Kingdom was a union of Thracian tribes under the kings of the powerful Odrysian tribe centered around the region of Thrace. Various parts of Thrace were under Macedonian rule under Philip II of Macedon, Alexander the Great, Lysimachus, Ptolemy II, and Philip V but were also often ruled by their own kings. ... | What region was the center of the Odrysian Kingdom? | What region was the center of the Odrysian Kingdom? | [
"What region was the center of the Odrysian Kingdom?"
] | {
"text": [
"Thrace"
],
"answer_start": [
129
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106218 | 5725ce2e271a42140099d20a | Hellenistic_period | The Odrysian Kingdom was a union of Thracian tribes under the kings of the powerful Odrysian tribe centered around the region of Thrace. Various parts of Thrace were under Macedonian rule under Philip II of Macedon, Alexander the Great, Lysimachus, Ptolemy II, and Philip V but were also often ruled by their own kings. ... | Who used Thracians and Agrianes as light cavalry? | Who used Thracians and Agrianes as light cavalry? | [
"Who used Thracians and Agrianes as light cavalry?"
] | {
"text": [
"Alexander"
],
"answer_start": [
367
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106219 | 5725ce2e271a42140099d20b | Hellenistic_period | The Odrysian Kingdom was a union of Thracian tribes under the kings of the powerful Odrysian tribe centered around the region of Thrace. Various parts of Thrace were under Macedonian rule under Philip II of Macedon, Alexander the Great, Lysimachus, Ptolemy II, and Philip V but were also often ruled by their own kings. ... | What fraction of Alexander's army was made up of Thracians and Agrianes? | What fraction of Alexander's army was made up of Thracians and Agrianes? | [
"What fraction of Alexander's army was made up of Thracians and Agrianes?"
] | {
"text": [
"one fifth"
],
"answer_start": [
422
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106220 | 5725ce2e271a42140099d20c | Hellenistic_period | The Odrysian Kingdom was a union of Thracian tribes under the kings of the powerful Odrysian tribe centered around the region of Thrace. Various parts of Thrace were under Macedonian rule under Philip II of Macedon, Alexander the Great, Lysimachus, Ptolemy II, and Philip V but were also often ruled by their own kings. ... | What language was spoken by the Odrysians? | What language was spoken by the Odrysians? | [
"What language was spoken by the Odrysians?"
] | {
"text": [
"Greek"
],
"answer_start": [
562
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106221 | 5725ce2e271a42140099d20d | Hellenistic_period | The Odrysian Kingdom was a union of Thracian tribes under the kings of the powerful Odrysian tribe centered around the region of Thrace. Various parts of Thrace were under Macedonian rule under Philip II of Macedon, Alexander the Great, Lysimachus, Ptolemy II, and Philip V but were also often ruled by their own kings. ... | Which kings wre among the first to be Hellenized? | Which kings wre among the first to be Hellenized? | [
"Which kings wre among the first to be Hellenized?"
] | {
"text": [
"Thracian"
],
"answer_start": [
741
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106222 | 5725cf9089a1e219009abf14 | Hellenistic_period | Southern Italy (Magna Graecia) and south-eastern Sicily had been colonized by the Greeks during the 8th century. In 4th century Sicily the leading Greek city and hegemon was Syracuse. During the Hellenistic period the leading figure in Sicily was Agathocles of Syracuse (361 – 289 BCE) who seized the city with an army o... | What was Southern Italy refered to as? | What was Southern Italy refered to as? | [
"What was Southern Italy refered to as?"
] | {
"text": [
"Magna Graecia"
],
"answer_start": [
16
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106223 | 5725cf9089a1e219009abf15 | Hellenistic_period | Southern Italy (Magna Graecia) and south-eastern Sicily had been colonized by the Greeks during the 8th century. In 4th century Sicily the leading Greek city and hegemon was Syracuse. During the Hellenistic period the leading figure in Sicily was Agathocles of Syracuse (361 – 289 BCE) who seized the city with an army o... | Southern Italy and south-eastern Sicily were colonized by the Greeks in what century? | Southern Italy and south-eastern Sicily were colonized by the Greeks in what century? | [
"Southern Italy and south-eastern Sicily were colonized by the Greeks in what century?"
] | {
"text": [
"8th"
],
"answer_start": [
100
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106224 | 5725cf9089a1e219009abf16 | Hellenistic_period | Southern Italy (Magna Graecia) and south-eastern Sicily had been colonized by the Greeks during the 8th century. In 4th century Sicily the leading Greek city and hegemon was Syracuse. During the Hellenistic period the leading figure in Sicily was Agathocles of Syracuse (361 – 289 BCE) who seized the city with an army o... | Who was the leading figure in Sicily during the Hellenistic period? | Who was the leading figure in Sicily during the Hellenistic period? | [
"Who was the leading figure in Sicily during the Hellenistic period?"
] | {
"text": [
"Agathocles of Syracuse"
],
"answer_start": [
247
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106225 | 5725cf9089a1e219009abf17 | Hellenistic_period | Southern Italy (Magna Graecia) and south-eastern Sicily had been colonized by the Greeks during the 8th century. In 4th century Sicily the leading Greek city and hegemon was Syracuse. During the Hellenistic period the leading figure in Sicily was Agathocles of Syracuse (361 – 289 BCE) who seized the city with an army o... | In 310 Agathocles invaded Tunisia and defeated what army? | In 310 Agathocles invaded Tunisia and defeated what army? | [
"In 310 Agathocles invaded Tunisia and defeated what army?"
] | {
"text": [
"Carthaginian"
],
"answer_start": [
518
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106226 | 5725cf9089a1e219009abf18 | Hellenistic_period | Southern Italy (Magna Graecia) and south-eastern Sicily had been colonized by the Greeks during the 8th century. In 4th century Sicily the leading Greek city and hegemon was Syracuse. During the Hellenistic period the leading figure in Sicily was Agathocles of Syracuse (361 – 289 BCE) who seized the city with an army o... | In defense of Tarentum, when did Agathocles attack Italy? | In defense of Tarentum, when did Agathocles attack Italy? | [
"In defense of Tarentum, when did Agathocles attack Italy?"
] | {
"text": [
"300 BCE"
],
"answer_start": [
784
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106227 | 5725d04f89a1e219009abf30 | Hellenistic_period | Greeks in pre-Roman Gaul were mostly limited to the Mediterranean coast of Provence. The first Greek colony in the region was Massalia, which became one of the largest trading ports of Mediterranean by the 4th century BCE with 6,000 inhabitants. Massalia was also the local hegemon, controlling various coastal Greek cit... | What was the first Greek colony in the Mediterranean? | What was the first Greek colony in the Mediterranean? | [
"What was the first Greek colony in the Mediterranean?"
] | {
"text": [
"Massalia"
],
"answer_start": [
126
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106228 | 5725d04f89a1e219009abf31 | Hellenistic_period | Greeks in pre-Roman Gaul were mostly limited to the Mediterranean coast of Provence. The first Greek colony in the region was Massalia, which became one of the largest trading ports of Mediterranean by the 4th century BCE with 6,000 inhabitants. Massalia was also the local hegemon, controlling various coastal Greek cit... | How many inhabitants were in Massalia? | How many inhabitants were in Massalia? | [
"How many inhabitants were in Massalia?"
] | {
"text": [
"6,000"
],
"answer_start": [
227
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106229 | 5725d04f89a1e219009abf32 | Hellenistic_period | Greeks in pre-Roman Gaul were mostly limited to the Mediterranean coast of Provence. The first Greek colony in the region was Massalia, which became one of the largest trading ports of Mediterranean by the 4th century BCE with 6,000 inhabitants. Massalia was also the local hegemon, controlling various coastal Greek cit... | Who controlled Nice and Agde? | Who controlled Nice and Agde? | [
"Who controlled Nice and Agde?"
] | {
"text": [
"Massalia"
],
"answer_start": [
246
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106230 | 5725d04f89a1e219009abf33 | Hellenistic_period | Greeks in pre-Roman Gaul were mostly limited to the Mediterranean coast of Provence. The first Greek colony in the region was Massalia, which became one of the largest trading ports of Mediterranean by the 4th century BCE with 6,000 inhabitants. Massalia was also the local hegemon, controlling various coastal Greek cit... | Massalia was the center of education according to whom? | Massalia was the center of education according to whom? | [
"Massalia was the center of education according to whom?"
] | {
"text": [
"Strabo"
],
"answer_start": [
874
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106231 | 5725d04f89a1e219009abf34 | Hellenistic_period | Greeks in pre-Roman Gaul were mostly limited to the Mediterranean coast of Provence. The first Greek colony in the region was Massalia, which became one of the largest trading ports of Mediterranean by the 4th century BCE with 6,000 inhabitants. Massalia was also the local hegemon, controlling various coastal Greek cit... | When did Massalia side with Pompey? | When did Massalia side with Pompey? | [
"When did Massalia side with Pompey?"
] | {
"text": [
"49 BCE"
],
"answer_start": [
1045
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106232 | 5725d315271a42140099d25d | Hellenistic_period | The Hellenistic states of Asia and Egypt were run by an occupying imperial elite of Greco-Macedonian administrators and governors propped up by a standing army of mercenaries and a small core of Greco-Macedonian settlers. Promotion of immigration from Greece was important in the establishment of this system. Hellenisti... | Who ran the Hellenistic states of Asia and Egypt? | Who ran the Hellenistic states of Asia and Egypt? | [
"Who ran the Hellenistic states of Asia and Egypt?"
] | {
"text": [
"Greco-Macedonian administrators and governors"
],
"answer_start": [
84
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106233 | 5725d315271a42140099d25e | Hellenistic_period | The Hellenistic states of Asia and Egypt were run by an occupying imperial elite of Greco-Macedonian administrators and governors propped up by a standing army of mercenaries and a small core of Greco-Macedonian settlers. Promotion of immigration from Greece was important in the establishment of this system. Hellenisti... | Where did Hellenistic monarchs put most of the tax revenues? | Where did Hellenistic monarchs put most of the tax revenues? | [
"Where did Hellenistic monarchs put most of the tax revenues?"
] | {
"text": [
"military and paramilitary forces"
],
"answer_start": [
416
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106234 | 5725d315271a42140099d25f | Hellenistic_period | The Hellenistic states of Asia and Egypt were run by an occupying imperial elite of Greco-Macedonian administrators and governors propped up by a standing army of mercenaries and a small core of Greco-Macedonian settlers. Promotion of immigration from Greece was important in the establishment of this system. Hellenisti... | Who handed out gifts in the promotion of Greek culture and religion? | Who handed out gifts in the promotion of Greek culture and religion? | [
"Who handed out gifts in the promotion of Greek culture and religion?"
] | {
"text": [
"the monarch"
],
"answer_start": [
779
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106235 | 5725d315271a42140099d260 | Hellenistic_period | The Hellenistic states of Asia and Egypt were run by an occupying imperial elite of Greco-Macedonian administrators and governors propped up by a standing army of mercenaries and a small core of Greco-Macedonian settlers. Promotion of immigration from Greece was important in the establishment of this system. Hellenisti... | What type of estates did Hellenistic monarchs run their kingdoms? | What type of estates did Hellenistic monarchs run their kingdoms? | [
"What type of estates did Hellenistic monarchs run their kingdoms?"
] | {
"text": [
"royal estates"
],
"answer_start": [
353
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106236 | 5725d315271a42140099d261 | Hellenistic_period | The Hellenistic states of Asia and Egypt were run by an occupying imperial elite of Greco-Macedonian administrators and governors propped up by a standing army of mercenaries and a small core of Greco-Macedonian settlers. Promotion of immigration from Greece was important in the establishment of this system. Hellenisti... | Who were the small core in the Hellenistic states of Asia and Egypt? | Who were the small core in the Hellenistic states of Asia and Egypt? | [
"Who were the small core in the Hellenistic states of Asia and Egypt?"
] | {
"text": [
"Greco-Macedonian settlers"
],
"answer_start": [
195
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106237 | 5725d3b8ec44d21400f3d651 | Hellenistic_period | Ptolemy, a somatophylax, one of the seven bodyguards who served as Alexander the Great's generals and deputies, was appointed satrap of Egypt after Alexander's death in 323 BC. In 305 BC, he declared himself King Ptolemy I, later known as "Soter" (saviour) for his role in helping the Rhodians during the siege of Rhodes... | Who was appointed satrap of Egypt after Alexander's death? | Who was appointed satrap of Egypt after Alexander's death? | [
"Who was appointed satrap of Egypt after Alexander's death?"
] | {
"text": [
"Ptolemy"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106238 | 5725d3b8ec44d21400f3d652 | Hellenistic_period | Ptolemy, a somatophylax, one of the seven bodyguards who served as Alexander the Great's generals and deputies, was appointed satrap of Egypt after Alexander's death in 323 BC. In 305 BC, he declared himself King Ptolemy I, later known as "Soter" (saviour) for his role in helping the Rhodians during the siege of Rhodes... | When did Alexander die and Ptolemy assume his position? | When did Alexander die and Ptolemy assume his position? | [
"When did Alexander die and Ptolemy assume his position?"
] | {
"text": [
"323 BC"
],
"answer_start": [
169
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106239 | 5725d3b8ec44d21400f3d653 | Hellenistic_period | Ptolemy, a somatophylax, one of the seven bodyguards who served as Alexander the Great's generals and deputies, was appointed satrap of Egypt after Alexander's death in 323 BC. In 305 BC, he declared himself King Ptolemy I, later known as "Soter" (saviour) for his role in helping the Rhodians during the siege of Rhodes... | When did Ptolemy declare himself King Ptolemy I? | When did Ptolemy declare himself King Ptolemy I? | [
"When did Ptolemy declare himself King Ptolemy I?"
] | {
"text": [
"305 BC"
],
"answer_start": [
180
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106240 | 5725d3b8ec44d21400f3d654 | Hellenistic_period | Ptolemy, a somatophylax, one of the seven bodyguards who served as Alexander the Great's generals and deputies, was appointed satrap of Egypt after Alexander's death in 323 BC. In 305 BC, he declared himself King Ptolemy I, later known as "Soter" (saviour) for his role in helping the Rhodians during the siege of Rhodes... | What nickname did Rhodians give Ptolemy? | What nickname did Rhodians give Ptolemy? | [
"What nickname did Rhodians give Ptolemy?"
] | {
"text": [
"Soter"
],
"answer_start": [
240
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106241 | 5725d3b8ec44d21400f3d655 | Hellenistic_period | Ptolemy, a somatophylax, one of the seven bodyguards who served as Alexander the Great's generals and deputies, was appointed satrap of Egypt after Alexander's death in 323 BC. In 305 BC, he declared himself King Ptolemy I, later known as "Soter" (saviour) for his role in helping the Rhodians during the siege of Rhodes... | Where did Ptolemy settle his most of his veterans? | Where did Ptolemy settle his most of his veterans? | [
"Where did Ptolemy settle his most of his veterans?"
] | {
"text": [
"Faiyum"
],
"answer_start": [
469
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106242 | 5725d515ec44d21400f3d67d | Hellenistic_period | The Egyptians begrudgingly accepted the Ptolemies as the successors to the pharaohs of independent Egypt, though the kingdom went through several native revolts. The Ptolemies took on the traditions of the Egyptian Pharaohs, such as marrying their siblings (Ptolemy II was the first to adopt this custom), having themsel... | Whose tradition did Ptolemy take on as leader of Egypt? | Whose tradition did Ptolemy take on as leader of Egypt? | [
"Whose tradition did Ptolemy take on as leader of Egypt?"
] | {
"text": [
"Egyptian Pharaohs"
],
"answer_start": [
206
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106243 | 5725d515ec44d21400f3d67e | Hellenistic_period | The Egyptians begrudgingly accepted the Ptolemies as the successors to the pharaohs of independent Egypt, though the kingdom went through several native revolts. The Ptolemies took on the traditions of the Egyptian Pharaohs, such as marrying their siblings (Ptolemy II was the first to adopt this custom), having themsel... | What god did Ptolemy I create? | What god did Ptolemy I create? | [
"What god did Ptolemy I create?"
] | {
"text": [
"Serapis"
],
"answer_start": [
587
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106244 | 5725d515ec44d21400f3d67f | Hellenistic_period | The Egyptians begrudgingly accepted the Ptolemies as the successors to the pharaohs of independent Egypt, though the kingdom went through several native revolts. The Ptolemies took on the traditions of the Egyptian Pharaohs, such as marrying their siblings (Ptolemy II was the first to adopt this custom), having themsel... | Cyprus and Cyrene were run by whom? | Cyprus and Cyrene were run by whom? | [
"Cyprus and Cyrene were run by whom?"
] | {
"text": [
"strategoi"
],
"answer_start": [
1132
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106245 | 5725d515ec44d21400f3d680 | Hellenistic_period | The Egyptians begrudgingly accepted the Ptolemies as the successors to the pharaohs of independent Egypt, though the kingdom went through several native revolts. The Ptolemies took on the traditions of the Egyptian Pharaohs, such as marrying their siblings (Ptolemy II was the first to adopt this custom), having themsel... | By using a central government that taxes heavily, Ptolemy ran his country akin to which bureaucracy? | By using a central government that taxes heavily, Ptolemy ran his country akin to which bureaucracy? | [
"By using a central government that taxes heavily, Ptolemy ran his country akin to which bureaucracy?"
] | {
"text": [
"Ancient Egyptian"
],
"answer_start": [
725
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106246 | 5725d515ec44d21400f3d681 | Hellenistic_period | The Egyptians begrudgingly accepted the Ptolemies as the successors to the pharaohs of independent Egypt, though the kingdom went through several native revolts. The Ptolemies took on the traditions of the Egyptian Pharaohs, such as marrying their siblings (Ptolemy II was the first to adopt this custom), having themsel... | Apis and Osiris combined to make which god? | Apis and Osiris combined to make which god? | [
"Apis and Osiris combined to make which god?"
] | {
"text": [
"Serapis"
],
"answer_start": [
587
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106247 | 5725d5a938643c19005acdc9 | Hellenistic_period | Under Ptolemy II, Callimachus, Apollonius of Rhodes, Theocritus and a host of other poets made the city a center of Hellenistic literature. Ptolemy himself was eager to patronise the library, scientific research and individual scholars who lived on the grounds of the library. He and his successors also fought a series ... | The Syrian was were fought between Ptolemy II and whom? | The Syrian was were fought between Ptolemy II and whom? | [
"The Syrian was were fought between Ptolemy II and whom?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Seleucids"
],
"answer_start": [
333
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106248 | 5725d5a938643c19005acdca | Hellenistic_period | Under Ptolemy II, Callimachus, Apollonius of Rhodes, Theocritus and a host of other poets made the city a center of Hellenistic literature. Ptolemy himself was eager to patronise the library, scientific research and individual scholars who lived on the grounds of the library. He and his successors also fought a series ... | What region was fought for during the Syrian wars? | What region was fought for during the Syrian wars? | [
"What region was fought for during the Syrian wars?"
] | {
"text": [
"Coele-Syria"
],
"answer_start": [
393
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106249 | 5725d5a938643c19005acdcb | Hellenistic_period | Under Ptolemy II, Callimachus, Apollonius of Rhodes, Theocritus and a host of other poets made the city a center of Hellenistic literature. Ptolemy himself was eager to patronise the library, scientific research and individual scholars who lived on the grounds of the library. He and his successors also fought a series ... | Who won the great battle of Raphia? | Who won the great battle of Raphia? | [
"Who won the great battle of Raphia?"
] | {
"text": [
"Ptolemy IV"
],
"answer_start": [
406
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106250 | 5725d5a938643c19005acdcc | Hellenistic_period | Under Ptolemy II, Callimachus, Apollonius of Rhodes, Theocritus and a host of other poets made the city a center of Hellenistic literature. Ptolemy himself was eager to patronise the library, scientific research and individual scholars who lived on the grounds of the library. He and his successors also fought a series ... | When was the great battle of Raphia? | When was the great battle of Raphia? | [
"When was the great battle of Raphia?"
] | {
"text": [
"217 BCE"
],
"answer_start": [
449
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106251 | 5725d5a938643c19005acdcd | Hellenistic_period | Under Ptolemy II, Callimachus, Apollonius of Rhodes, Theocritus and a host of other poets made the city a center of Hellenistic literature. Ptolemy himself was eager to patronise the library, scientific research and individual scholars who lived on the grounds of the library. He and his successors also fought a series ... | Who did Ptolemy IV defeat in the great battle of Raphia? | Who did Ptolemy IV defeat in the great battle of Raphia? | [
"Who did Ptolemy IV defeat in the great battle of Raphia?"
] | {
"text": [
"Seleucids"
],
"answer_start": [
470
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106252 | 5725d643271a42140099d285 | Hellenistic_period | Ptolemy's family ruled Egypt until the Roman conquest of 30 BC. All the male rulers of the dynasty took the name Ptolemy. Ptolemaic queens, some of whom were the sisters of their husbands, were usually called Cleopatra, Arsinoe or Berenice. The most famous member of the line was the last queen, Cleopatra VII, known for... | Till what year did Ptolemy's family rule Egypt? | Till what year did Ptolemy's family rule Egypt? | [
"Till what year did Ptolemy's family rule Egypt?"
] | {
"text": [
"30 BC"
],
"answer_start": [
57
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106253 | 5725d643271a42140099d286 | Hellenistic_period | Ptolemy's family ruled Egypt until the Roman conquest of 30 BC. All the male rulers of the dynasty took the name Ptolemy. Ptolemaic queens, some of whom were the sisters of their husbands, were usually called Cleopatra, Arsinoe or Berenice. The most famous member of the line was the last queen, Cleopatra VII, known for... | All the male rulers of Egypt took what name during the Ptolemy dynasty? | All the male rulers of Egypt took what name during the Ptolemy dynasty? | [
"All the male rulers of Egypt took what name during the Ptolemy dynasty?"
] | {
"text": [
"Ptolemy"
],
"answer_start": [
113
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106254 | 5725d643271a42140099d287 | Hellenistic_period | Ptolemy's family ruled Egypt until the Roman conquest of 30 BC. All the male rulers of the dynasty took the name Ptolemy. Ptolemaic queens, some of whom were the sisters of their husbands, were usually called Cleopatra, Arsinoe or Berenice. The most famous member of the line was the last queen, Cleopatra VII, known for... | Cleopatra, Arsinoe or Berenice were common names for whom? | Cleopatra, Arsinoe or Berenice were common names for whom? | [
"Cleopatra, Arsinoe or Berenice were common names for whom?"
] | {
"text": [
"Ptolemaic queens"
],
"answer_start": [
122
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106255 | 5725d643271a42140099d288 | Hellenistic_period | Ptolemy's family ruled Egypt until the Roman conquest of 30 BC. All the male rulers of the dynasty took the name Ptolemy. Ptolemaic queens, some of whom were the sisters of their husbands, were usually called Cleopatra, Arsinoe or Berenice. The most famous member of the line was the last queen, Cleopatra VII, known for... | Who was the last and most famous queen of the Ptolemy dynasty? | Who was the last and most famous queen of the Ptolemy dynasty? | [
"Who was the last and most famous queen of the Ptolemy dynasty?"
] | {
"text": [
"Cleopatra VII"
],
"answer_start": [
296
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106256 | 5725d643271a42140099d289 | Hellenistic_period | Ptolemy's family ruled Egypt until the Roman conquest of 30 BC. All the male rulers of the dynasty took the name Ptolemy. Ptolemaic queens, some of whom were the sisters of their husbands, were usually called Cleopatra, Arsinoe or Berenice. The most famous member of the line was the last queen, Cleopatra VII, known for... | How did Cleoptra die? | How did Cleoptra die? | [
"How did Cleoptra die?"
] | {
"text": [
"suicide"
],
"answer_start": [
443
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106257 | 5725d76e38643c19005acdef | Hellenistic_period | Following division of Alexander's empire, Seleucus I Nicator received Babylonia. From there, he created a new empire which expanded to include much of Alexander's near eastern territories. At the height of its power, it included central Anatolia, the Levant, Mesopotamia, Persia, today's Turkmenistan, Pamir, and parts o... | After Alexander's empire was split, what region did Seleucus I Nicator receive? | After Alexander's empire was split, what region did Seleucus I Nicator receive? | [
"After Alexander's empire was split, what region did Seleucus I Nicator receive?"
] | {
"text": [
"Babylonia"
],
"answer_start": [
70
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106258 | 5725d76e38643c19005acdf0 | Hellenistic_period | Following division of Alexander's empire, Seleucus I Nicator received Babylonia. From there, he created a new empire which expanded to include much of Alexander's near eastern territories. At the height of its power, it included central Anatolia, the Levant, Mesopotamia, Persia, today's Turkmenistan, Pamir, and parts o... | Pergamum was led by whom when they defeated a Seleucid army? | Pergamum was led by whom when they defeated a Seleucid army? | [
"Pergamum was led by whom when they defeated a Seleucid army?"
] | {
"text": [
"Eumenes I"
],
"answer_start": [
546
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106259 | 5725d76e38643c19005acdf1 | Hellenistic_period | Following division of Alexander's empire, Seleucus I Nicator received Babylonia. From there, he created a new empire which expanded to include much of Alexander's near eastern territories. At the height of its power, it included central Anatolia, the Levant, Mesopotamia, Persia, today's Turkmenistan, Pamir, and parts o... | Who defied his father Seleucus I, and set up a religous cult? | Who defied his father Seleucus I, and set up a religous cult? | [
"Who defied his father Seleucus I, and set up a religous cult?"
] | {
"text": [
"Antiochus I"
],
"answer_start": [
726
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106260 | 5725d76e38643c19005acdf2 | Hellenistic_period | Following division of Alexander's empire, Seleucus I Nicator received Babylonia. From there, he created a new empire which expanded to include much of Alexander's near eastern territories. At the height of its power, it included central Anatolia, the Levant, Mesopotamia, Persia, today's Turkmenistan, Pamir, and parts o... | What was the name of Seleucus II brother, whom he fought in civil war? | What was the name of Seleucus II brother, whom he fought in civil war? | [
"What was the name of Seleucus II brother, whom he fought in civil war?"
] | {
"text": [
"Antiochus Hierax"
],
"answer_start": [
1029
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106261 | 5725d76e38643c19005acdf3 | Hellenistic_period | Following division of Alexander's empire, Seleucus I Nicator received Babylonia. From there, he created a new empire which expanded to include much of Alexander's near eastern territories. At the height of its power, it included central Anatolia, the Levant, Mesopotamia, Persia, today's Turkmenistan, Pamir, and parts o... | Who ultimately defeated Seleucid Anatolia? | Who ultimately defeated Seleucid Anatolia? | [
"Who ultimately defeated Seleucid Anatolia?"
] | {
"text": [
"Attalus I"
],
"answer_start": [
1229
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106262 | 5725d86eec44d21400f3d691 | Hellenistic_period | The vast Seleucid Empire was, like Egypt, mostly dominated by a Greco-Macedonian political elite. The Greek population of the cities who formed the dominant elite were reinforced by emigration from Greece. These cities included newly founded colonies such as Antioch, the other cities of the Syrian tetrapolis, Seleucia ... | The Seleucid Empire was mostly dominated by whom? | The Seleucid Empire was mostly dominated by whom? | [
"The Seleucid Empire was mostly dominated by whom?"
] | {
"text": [
"Greco-Macedonian political elite"
],
"answer_start": [
64
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106263 | 5725d86eec44d21400f3d692 | Hellenistic_period | The vast Seleucid Empire was, like Egypt, mostly dominated by a Greco-Macedonian political elite. The Greek population of the cities who formed the dominant elite were reinforced by emigration from Greece. These cities included newly founded colonies such as Antioch, the other cities of the Syrian tetrapolis, Seleucia ... | What are Seleucid garrisons called? | What are Seleucid garrisons called? | [
"What are Seleucid garrisons called?"
] | {
"text": [
"choria"
],
"answer_start": [
658
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106264 | 5725d86eec44d21400f3d693 | Hellenistic_period | The vast Seleucid Empire was, like Egypt, mostly dominated by a Greco-Macedonian political elite. The Greek population of the cities who formed the dominant elite were reinforced by emigration from Greece. These cities included newly founded colonies such as Antioch, the other cities of the Syrian tetrapolis, Seleucia ... | What are Seleucid military colonies called? | What are Seleucid military colonies called? | [
"What are Seleucid military colonies called?"
] | {
"text": [
"katoikiai"
],
"answer_start": [
686
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106265 | 5725d86eec44d21400f3d694 | Hellenistic_period | The vast Seleucid Empire was, like Egypt, mostly dominated by a Greco-Macedonian political elite. The Greek population of the cities who formed the dominant elite were reinforced by emigration from Greece. These cities included newly founded colonies such as Antioch, the other cities of the Syrian tetrapolis, Seleucia ... | Who defeated Antiochus III at Raphia? | Who defeated Antiochus III at Raphia? | [
"Who defeated Antiochus III at Raphia?"
] | {
"text": [
"Ptolemy IV"
],
"answer_start": [
1230
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106266 | 5725d86eec44d21400f3d695 | Hellenistic_period | The vast Seleucid Empire was, like Egypt, mostly dominated by a Greco-Macedonian political elite. The Greek population of the cities who formed the dominant elite were reinforced by emigration from Greece. These cities included newly founded colonies such as Antioch, the other cities of the Syrian tetrapolis, Seleucia ... | What year did Ptolemy IV die? | What year did Ptolemy IV die? | [
"What year did Ptolemy IV die?"
] | {
"text": [
"204"
],
"answer_start": [
1600
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106267 | 5725d957271a42140099d299 | Hellenistic_period | After the death of Lysimachus, one of his officers, Philetaerus, took control of the city of Pergamum in 282 BC along with Lysimachus' war chest of 9,000 talents and declared himself loyal to Seleucus I while remaining de facto independent. His descendant, Attalus I, defeated the invading Galatians and proclaimed himse... | Which officer took control of Pergamum in 282 BC? | Which officer took control of Pergamum in 282 BC? | [
"Which officer took control of Pergamum in 282 BC?"
] | {
"text": [
"Philetaerus"
],
"answer_start": [
52
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106268 | 5725d957271a42140099d29a | Hellenistic_period | After the death of Lysimachus, one of his officers, Philetaerus, took control of the city of Pergamum in 282 BC along with Lysimachus' war chest of 9,000 talents and declared himself loyal to Seleucus I while remaining de facto independent. His descendant, Attalus I, defeated the invading Galatians and proclaimed himse... | Who did Philetaerus declare himself loyal to? | Who did Philetaerus declare himself loyal to? | [
"Who did Philetaerus declare himself loyal to?"
] | {
"text": [
"Seleucus I"
],
"answer_start": [
192
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106269 | 5725d957271a42140099d29b | Hellenistic_period | After the death of Lysimachus, one of his officers, Philetaerus, took control of the city of Pergamum in 282 BC along with Lysimachus' war chest of 9,000 talents and declared himself loyal to Seleucus I while remaining de facto independent. His descendant, Attalus I, defeated the invading Galatians and proclaimed himse... | Attalus I was a strong ally of Rome and which ruler? | Attalus I was a strong ally of Rome and which ruler? | [
"Attalus I was a strong ally of Rome and which ruler?"
] | {
"text": [
"Philip V of Macedon"
],
"answer_start": [
402
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106270 | 5725d957271a42140099d29c | Hellenistic_period | After the death of Lysimachus, one of his officers, Philetaerus, took control of the city of Pergamum in 282 BC along with Lysimachus' war chest of 9,000 talents and declared himself loyal to Seleucus I while remaining de facto independent. His descendant, Attalus I, defeated the invading Galatians and proclaimed himse... | Where was the library of Pergamum located? | Where was the library of Pergamum located? | [
"Where was the library of Pergamum located?"
] | {
"text": [
"Pergamon"
],
"answer_start": [
611
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106271 | 5725d957271a42140099d29d | Hellenistic_period | After the death of Lysimachus, one of his officers, Philetaerus, took control of the city of Pergamum in 282 BC along with Lysimachus' war chest of 9,000 talents and declared himself loyal to Seleucus I while remaining de facto independent. His descendant, Attalus I, defeated the invading Galatians and proclaimed himse... | What depicts the Gigantomachy on the acropolis of the city? | What depicts the Gigantomachy on the acropolis of the city? | [
"What depicts the Gigantomachy on the acropolis of the city?"
] | {
"text": [
"Pergamum Altar"
],
"answer_start": [
893
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106272 | 5725da9f89a1e219009abfbe | Hellenistic_period | The Celts who settled in Galatia came through Thrace under the leadership of Leotarios and Leonnorios circa 270 BC. They were defeated by Seleucus I in the 'battle of the Elephants', but were still able to establish a Celtic territory in central Anatolia. The Galatians were well respected as warriors and were widely us... | Where did the Celts who settled in Galatia pass through? | Where did the Celts who settled in Galatia pass through? | [
"Where did the Celts who settled in Galatia pass through?"
] | {
"text": [
"Thrace"
],
"answer_start": [
46
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106273 | 5725da9f89a1e219009abfbf | Hellenistic_period | The Celts who settled in Galatia came through Thrace under the leadership of Leotarios and Leonnorios circa 270 BC. They were defeated by Seleucus I in the 'battle of the Elephants', but were still able to establish a Celtic territory in central Anatolia. The Galatians were well respected as warriors and were widely us... | What battle did the Celts lose to Seleucus I? | What battle did the Celts lose to Seleucus I? | [
"What battle did the Celts lose to Seleucus I?"
] | {
"text": [
"battle of the Elephants"
],
"answer_start": [
157
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106274 | 5725da9f89a1e219009abfc0 | Hellenistic_period | The Celts who settled in Galatia came through Thrace under the leadership of Leotarios and Leonnorios circa 270 BC. They were defeated by Seleucus I in the 'battle of the Elephants', but were still able to establish a Celtic territory in central Anatolia. The Galatians were well respected as warriors and were widely us... | What famous statue signified the victory of the Greeks over a worthy enemy? | What famous statue signified the victory of the Greeks over a worthy enemy? | [
"What famous statue signified the victory of the Greeks over a worthy enemy?"
] | {
"text": [
"Dying Gaul"
],
"answer_start": [
742
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106275 | 5725da9f89a1e219009abfc1 | Hellenistic_period | The Celts who settled in Galatia came through Thrace under the leadership of Leotarios and Leonnorios circa 270 BC. They were defeated by Seleucus I in the 'battle of the Elephants', but were still able to establish a Celtic territory in central Anatolia. The Galatians were well respected as warriors and were widely us... | What century did the Galatians become allies of Antiochus the Great? | What century did the Galatians become allies of Antiochus the Great? | [
"What century did the Galatians become allies of Antiochus the Great?"
] | {
"text": [
"2nd century BC"
],
"answer_start": [
919
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106276 | 5725da9f89a1e219009abfc2 | Hellenistic_period | The Celts who settled in Galatia came through Thrace under the leadership of Leotarios and Leonnorios circa 270 BC. They were defeated by Seleucus I in the 'battle of the Elephants', but were still able to establish a Celtic territory in central Anatolia. The Galatians were well respected as warriors and were widely us... | Who sent Gnaeus Manlius Vulso on an expedition against the Galatians? | Who sent Gnaeus Manlius Vulso on an expedition against the Galatians? | [
"Who sent Gnaeus Manlius Vulso on an expedition against the Galatians?"
] | {
"text": [
"Rome"
],
"answer_start": [
1066
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106277 | 5725dbd4ec44d21400f3d6cf | Hellenistic_period | The Bithynians were a Thracian people living in northwest Anatolia. After Alexander's conquests the region of Bithynia came under the rule of the native king Bas, who defeated Calas, a general of Alexander the Great, and maintained the independence of Bithynia. His son, Zipoetes I of Bithynia maintained this autonomy a... | Who were a Thracian people living in northwest Anatolia? | Who were a Thracian people living in northwest Anatolia? | [
"Who were a Thracian people living in northwest Anatolia?"
] | {
"text": [
"The Bithynians"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106278 | 5725dbd4ec44d21400f3d6d0 | Hellenistic_period | The Bithynians were a Thracian people living in northwest Anatolia. After Alexander's conquests the region of Bithynia came under the rule of the native king Bas, who defeated Calas, a general of Alexander the Great, and maintained the independence of Bithynia. His son, Zipoetes I of Bithynia maintained this autonomy a... | King Bas defeated which general of Alexander? | King Bas defeated which general of Alexander? | [
"King Bas defeated which general of Alexander?"
] | {
"text": [
"Calas"
],
"answer_start": [
176
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106279 | 5725dbd4ec44d21400f3d6d1 | Hellenistic_period | The Bithynians were a Thracian people living in northwest Anatolia. After Alexander's conquests the region of Bithynia came under the rule of the native king Bas, who defeated Calas, a general of Alexander the Great, and maintained the independence of Bithynia. His son, Zipoetes I of Bithynia maintained this autonomy a... | Who assumed the title of king from Bas? | Who assumed the title of king from Bas? | [
"Who assumed the title of king from Bas?"
] | {
"text": [
"Zipoetes I"
],
"answer_start": [
271
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106280 | 5725dbd4ec44d21400f3d6d2 | Hellenistic_period | The Bithynians were a Thracian people living in northwest Anatolia. After Alexander's conquests the region of Bithynia came under the rule of the native king Bas, who defeated Calas, a general of Alexander the Great, and maintained the independence of Bithynia. His son, Zipoetes I of Bithynia maintained this autonomy a... | When did Zipoetes I assume the role of king? | When did Zipoetes I assume the role of king? | [
"When did Zipoetes I assume the role of king?"
] | {
"text": [
"297 BCE"
],
"answer_start": [
398
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106281 | 5725dbd4ec44d21400f3d6d3 | Hellenistic_period | The Bithynians were a Thracian people living in northwest Anatolia. After Alexander's conquests the region of Bithynia came under the rule of the native king Bas, who defeated Calas, a general of Alexander the Great, and maintained the independence of Bithynia. His son, Zipoetes I of Bithynia maintained this autonomy a... | Who founded Nicomedia? | Who founded Nicomedia? | [
"Who founded Nicomedia?"
] | {
"text": [
"Nicomedes I"
],
"answer_start": [
430
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106282 | 5725dc6aec44d21400f3d6d9 | Hellenistic_period | In 255 B.C., Ariarathes III took the title of king and married Stratonice, a daughter of Antiochus II, remaining an ally of the Seleucid kingdom. Under Ariarathes IV, Cappadocia came into relations with Rome, first as a foe espousing the cause of Antiochus the Great, then as an ally against Perseus of Macedon and final... | Who married Stratonice? | Who married Stratonice? | [
"Who married Stratonice?"
] | {
"text": [
"Ariarathes III"
],
"answer_start": [
13
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106283 | 5725dc6aec44d21400f3d6da | Hellenistic_period | In 255 B.C., Ariarathes III took the title of king and married Stratonice, a daughter of Antiochus II, remaining an ally of the Seleucid kingdom. Under Ariarathes IV, Cappadocia came into relations with Rome, first as a foe espousing the cause of Antiochus the Great, then as an ally against Perseus of Macedon and final... | When did Stratonice marry Ariarathes III? | When did Stratonice marry Ariarathes III? | [
"When did Stratonice marry Ariarathes III?"
] | {
"text": [
"255 B.C."
],
"answer_start": [
3
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106284 | 5725dc6aec44d21400f3d6db | Hellenistic_period | In 255 B.C., Ariarathes III took the title of king and married Stratonice, a daughter of Antiochus II, remaining an ally of the Seleucid kingdom. Under Ariarathes IV, Cappadocia came into relations with Rome, first as a foe espousing the cause of Antiochus the Great, then as an ally against Perseus of Macedon and final... | Who was Stratonice's father? | Who was Stratonice's father? | [
"Who was Stratonice's father?"
] | {
"text": [
"Antiochus II"
],
"answer_start": [
89
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106285 | 5725dc6aec44d21400f3d6dc | Hellenistic_period | In 255 B.C., Ariarathes III took the title of king and married Stratonice, a daughter of Antiochus II, remaining an ally of the Seleucid kingdom. Under Ariarathes IV, Cappadocia came into relations with Rome, first as a foe espousing the cause of Antiochus the Great, then as an ally against Perseus of Macedon and final... | Cappadocia began it's realtionship with Rome under whom? | Cappadocia began it's realtionship with Rome under whom? | [
"Cappadocia began it's realtionship with Rome under whom?"
] | {
"text": [
"Ariarathes IV"
],
"answer_start": [
152
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106286 | 5725dc6aec44d21400f3d6dd | Hellenistic_period | In 255 B.C., Ariarathes III took the title of king and married Stratonice, a daughter of Antiochus II, remaining an ally of the Seleucid kingdom. Under Ariarathes IV, Cappadocia came into relations with Rome, first as a foe espousing the cause of Antiochus the Great, then as an ally against Perseus of Macedon and final... | What year was Ariarathes V defeated? | What year was Ariarathes V defeated? | [
"What year was Ariarathes V defeated?"
] | {
"text": [
"130 BCE"
],
"answer_start": [
489
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106287 | 5725dd34271a42140099d2bb | Hellenistic_period | The Kingdom of Pontus was a Hellenistic kingdom on the southern coast of the Black Sea. It was founded by Mithridates I in 291 BC and lasted until its conquest by the Roman Republic in 63 BC. Despite being ruled by a dynasty which was a descendant of the Persian Achaemenid Empire it became hellenized due to the influen... | What kingdom was Hellenistic and on the southern coast of the Black Sea? | What kingdom was Hellenistic and on the southern coast of the Black Sea? | [
"What kingdom was Hellenistic and on the southern coast of the Black Sea?"
] | {
"text": [
"Pontus"
],
"answer_start": [
15
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106288 | 5725dd34271a42140099d2bc | Hellenistic_period | The Kingdom of Pontus was a Hellenistic kingdom on the southern coast of the Black Sea. It was founded by Mithridates I in 291 BC and lasted until its conquest by the Roman Republic in 63 BC. Despite being ruled by a dynasty which was a descendant of the Persian Achaemenid Empire it became hellenized due to the influen... | Who founded the Kingdom of Pontus? | Who founded the Kingdom of Pontus? | [
"Who founded the Kingdom of Pontus?"
] | {
"text": [
"Mithridates I"
],
"answer_start": [
106
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106289 | 5725dd34271a42140099d2bd | Hellenistic_period | The Kingdom of Pontus was a Hellenistic kingdom on the southern coast of the Black Sea. It was founded by Mithridates I in 291 BC and lasted until its conquest by the Roman Republic in 63 BC. Despite being ruled by a dynasty which was a descendant of the Persian Achaemenid Empire it became hellenized due to the influen... | When was the Kingdom of Pontus founded? | When was the Kingdom of Pontus founded? | [
"When was the Kingdom of Pontus founded?"
] | {
"text": [
"291 BC"
],
"answer_start": [
123
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106290 | 5725dd34271a42140099d2be | Hellenistic_period | The Kingdom of Pontus was a Hellenistic kingdom on the southern coast of the Black Sea. It was founded by Mithridates I in 291 BC and lasted until its conquest by the Roman Republic in 63 BC. Despite being ruled by a dynasty which was a descendant of the Persian Achaemenid Empire it became hellenized due to the influen... | When was the Kingdom of Pontus taken over by the Roman Republic? | When was the Kingdom of Pontus taken over by the Roman Republic? | [
"When was the Kingdom of Pontus taken over by the Roman Republic?"
] | {
"text": [
"63 BC"
],
"answer_start": [
185
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106291 | 5725dd34271a42140099d2bf | Hellenistic_period | The Kingdom of Pontus was a Hellenistic kingdom on the southern coast of the Black Sea. It was founded by Mithridates I in 291 BC and lasted until its conquest by the Roman Republic in 63 BC. Despite being ruled by a dynasty which was a descendant of the Persian Achaemenid Empire it became hellenized due to the influen... | What was the official language of the Kingdom of Pontus during the reign of Mithridates VI Eupator? | What was the official language of the Kingdom of Pontus during the reign of Mithridates VI Eupator? | [
"What was the official language of the Kingdom of Pontus during the reign of Mithridates VI Eupator?"
] | {
"text": [
"Greek"
],
"answer_start": [
824
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106292 | 5725de2a38643c19005ace0b | Hellenistic_period | The kingdom grew to its largest extent under Mithridates VI, who conquered Colchis, Cappadocia, Paphlagonia, Bithynia, Lesser Armenia, the Bosporan Kingdom, the Greek colonies of the Tauric Chersonesos and for a brief time the Roman province of Asia. Mithridates VI, himself of mixed Persian and Greek ancestry, presente... | Who ruled when the Kingdom of Pontus' was at it's biggest? | Who ruled when the Kingdom of Pontus' was at it's biggest? | [
"Who ruled when the Kingdom of Pontus' was at it's biggest?"
] | {
"text": [
"Mithridates VI"
],
"answer_start": [
45
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106293 | 5725de2a38643c19005ace0c | Hellenistic_period | The kingdom grew to its largest extent under Mithridates VI, who conquered Colchis, Cappadocia, Paphlagonia, Bithynia, Lesser Armenia, the Bosporan Kingdom, the Greek colonies of the Tauric Chersonesos and for a brief time the Roman province of Asia. Mithridates VI, himself of mixed Persian and Greek ancestry, presente... | Who called themselves King Mithridates Eupator Dionysus? | Who called themselves King Mithridates Eupator Dionysus? | [
"Who called themselves King Mithridates Eupator Dionysus?"
] | {
"text": [
"Mithridates VI"
],
"answer_start": [
251
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106294 | 5725de2a38643c19005ace0d | Hellenistic_period | The kingdom grew to its largest extent under Mithridates VI, who conquered Colchis, Cappadocia, Paphlagonia, Bithynia, Lesser Armenia, the Bosporan Kingdom, the Greek colonies of the Tauric Chersonesos and for a brief time the Roman province of Asia. Mithridates VI, himself of mixed Persian and Greek ancestry, presente... | What hairstyle did Mithridates IV copy from Alexander? | What hairstyle did Mithridates IV copy from Alexander? | [
"What hairstyle did Mithridates IV copy from Alexander?"
] | {
"text": [
"anastole"
],
"answer_start": [
523
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106295 | 5725de2a38643c19005ace0e | Hellenistic_period | The kingdom grew to its largest extent under Mithridates VI, who conquered Colchis, Cappadocia, Paphlagonia, Bithynia, Lesser Armenia, the Bosporan Kingdom, the Greek colonies of the Tauric Chersonesos and for a brief time the Roman province of Asia. Mithridates VI, himself of mixed Persian and Greek ancestry, presente... | Who did the Macedoniankings claim Mithridates IV descended from? | Who did the Macedoniankings claim Mithridates IV descended from? | [
"Who did the Macedoniankings claim Mithridates IV descended from?"
] | {
"text": [
"Herakles"
],
"answer_start": [
581
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106296 | 5725de2a38643c19005ace0f | Hellenistic_period | The kingdom grew to its largest extent under Mithridates VI, who conquered Colchis, Cappadocia, Paphlagonia, Bithynia, Lesser Armenia, the Bosporan Kingdom, the Greek colonies of the Tauric Chersonesos and for a brief time the Roman province of Asia. Mithridates VI, himself of mixed Persian and Greek ancestry, presente... | Pontus was defeated in what wars? | Pontus was defeated in what wars? | [
"Pontus was defeated in what wars?"
] | {
"text": [
"Mithridatic"
],
"answer_start": [
677
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106297 | 5725df1cec44d21400f3d701 | Hellenistic_period | Orontid Armenia formally passed to empire of Alexander the Great following his conquest of Persia. Alexander appointed an Orontid named Mithranes to govern Armenia. Armenia later became a vassal state of the Seleucid Empire, but it maintained a considerable degree of autonomy, retaining its native rulers. Towards the e... | Orontid Armenia was given to Alexander the Great after he took control of what area? | Orontid Armenia was given to Alexander the Great after he took control of what area? | [
"Orontid Armenia was given to Alexander the Great after he took control of what area?"
] | {
"text": [
"Persia"
],
"answer_start": [
91
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106298 | 5725df1cec44d21400f3d702 | Hellenistic_period | Orontid Armenia formally passed to empire of Alexander the Great following his conquest of Persia. Alexander appointed an Orontid named Mithranes to govern Armenia. Armenia later became a vassal state of the Seleucid Empire, but it maintained a considerable degree of autonomy, retaining its native rulers. Towards the e... | Who did Alexander apoint to govern Armenia? | Who did Alexander apoint to govern Armenia? | [
"Who did Alexander apoint to govern Armenia?"
] | {
"text": [
"Mithranes"
],
"answer_start": [
136
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106299 | 5725df1cec44d21400f3d703 | Hellenistic_period | Orontid Armenia formally passed to empire of Alexander the Great following his conquest of Persia. Alexander appointed an Orontid named Mithranes to govern Armenia. Armenia later became a vassal state of the Seleucid Empire, but it maintained a considerable degree of autonomy, retaining its native rulers. Towards the e... | Armenia became a vassal state of what Empire? | Armenia became a vassal state of what Empire? | [
"Armenia became a vassal state of what Empire?"
] | {
"text": [
"Seleucid"
],
"answer_start": [
208
]
} |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.