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gem-squad_v2-train-107600
57263dd1ec44d21400f3dc98
Royal_Dutch_Shell
On 16 March 2012, 52 Greenpeace activists from five different countries boarded Fennica and Nordica, multipurpose icebreakers chartered to support Shell's drilling rigs near Alaska. Around the same time period, a reporter for Fortune magazine spoke with Edward Itta, an Inupiat Eskimo leader and the former mayor of the ...
Why were the Fennica and Nordica chartered?
Why were the Fennica and Nordica chartered?
[ "Why were the Fennica and Nordica chartered?" ]
{ "text": [ "to support Shell's drilling rigs near Alaska" ], "answer_start": [ 136 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107601
57263dd1ec44d21400f3dc99
Royal_Dutch_Shell
On 16 March 2012, 52 Greenpeace activists from five different countries boarded Fennica and Nordica, multipurpose icebreakers chartered to support Shell's drilling rigs near Alaska. Around the same time period, a reporter for Fortune magazine spoke with Edward Itta, an Inupiat Eskimo leader and the former mayor of the ...
What was the main concern of Edward Itta?
What was the main concern of Edward Itta?
[ "What was the main concern of Edward Itta?" ]
{ "text": [ "an oil spill could destroy the Inupiat Eskimo's hunting-and-fishing culture" ], "answer_start": [ 443 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107602
5a62972ef8d794001af1c12a
Royal_Dutch_Shell
On 16 March 2012, 52 Greenpeace activists from five different countries boarded Fennica and Nordica, multipurpose icebreakers chartered to support Shell's drilling rigs near Alaska. Around the same time period, a reporter for Fortune magazine spoke with Edward Itta, an Inupiat Eskimo leader and the former mayor of the ...
How many countries did the icebreakers support?
How many countries did the icebreakers support?
[ "How many countries did the icebreakers support?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107603
5a62972ef8d794001af1c12b
Royal_Dutch_Shell
On 16 March 2012, 52 Greenpeace activists from five different countries boarded Fennica and Nordica, multipurpose icebreakers chartered to support Shell's drilling rigs near Alaska. Around the same time period, a reporter for Fortune magazine spoke with Edward Itta, an Inupiat Eskimo leader and the former mayor of the ...
What was the name of the Fortune magazine reporter?
What was the name of the Fortune magazine reporter?
[ "What was the name of the Fortune magazine reporter?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107604
5a62972ef8d794001af1c12c
Royal_Dutch_Shell
On 16 March 2012, 52 Greenpeace activists from five different countries boarded Fennica and Nordica, multipurpose icebreakers chartered to support Shell's drilling rigs near Alaska. Around the same time period, a reporter for Fortune magazine spoke with Edward Itta, an Inupiat Eskimo leader and the former mayor of the ...
How many activists were on the Fennica alone?
How many activists were on the Fennica alone?
[ "How many activists were on the Fennica alone?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107605
5a62972ef8d794001af1c12d
Royal_Dutch_Shell
On 16 March 2012, 52 Greenpeace activists from five different countries boarded Fennica and Nordica, multipurpose icebreakers chartered to support Shell's drilling rigs near Alaska. Around the same time period, a reporter for Fortune magazine spoke with Edward Itta, an Inupiat Eskimo leader and the former mayor of the ...
Who was the mayor of North Slope Borough in March 2012?
Who was the mayor of North Slope Borough in March 2012?
[ "Who was the mayor of North Slope Borough in March 2012?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107606
5a62972ef8d794001af1c12e
Royal_Dutch_Shell
On 16 March 2012, 52 Greenpeace activists from five different countries boarded Fennica and Nordica, multipurpose icebreakers chartered to support Shell's drilling rigs near Alaska. Around the same time period, a reporter for Fortune magazine spoke with Edward Itta, an Inupiat Eskimo leader and the former mayor of the ...
What borough were the Greenpeace activists from?
What borough were the Greenpeace activists from?
[ "What borough were the Greenpeace activists from?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107607
57263f3489a1e219009ac5c8
Royal_Dutch_Shell
In response, Shell filed lawsuits to seek injunctions from possible protests, and Benjamin Jealous of the NAACP and Radford argued that the legal action was "trampling American's rights." According to Greenpeace, Shell lodged a request with Google to ban video footage of a Greenpeace protest action that occurred at the...
Why did Shell file lawsuits?
Why did Shell file lawsuits?
[ "Why did Shell file lawsuits?" ]
{ "text": [ "to seek injunctions from possible protests" ], "answer_start": [ 34 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107608
57263f3489a1e219009ac5c9
Royal_Dutch_Shell
In response, Shell filed lawsuits to seek injunctions from possible protests, and Benjamin Jealous of the NAACP and Radford argued that the legal action was "trampling American's rights." According to Greenpeace, Shell lodged a request with Google to ban video footage of a Greenpeace protest action that occurred at the...
Jealous and Radford asserted that the legal action taken by Shell was what?
Jealous and Radford asserted that the legal action taken by Shell was what?
[ "Jealous and Radford asserted that the legal action taken by Shell was what?" ]
{ "text": [ "\"trampling American's rights.\"" ], "answer_start": [ 157 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107609
57263f3489a1e219009ac5ca
Royal_Dutch_Shell
In response, Shell filed lawsuits to seek injunctions from possible protests, and Benjamin Jealous of the NAACP and Radford argued that the legal action was "trampling American's rights." According to Greenpeace, Shell lodged a request with Google to ban video footage of a Greenpeace protest action that occurred at the...
Greenpeace claimed that Shell requested Google to ban what?
Greenpeace claimed that Shell requested Google to ban what?
[ "Greenpeace claimed that Shell requested Google to ban what?" ]
{ "text": [ "video footage of a Greenpeace protest action that occurred at the Shell-sponsored Formula One (F1) Belgian Grand Prix" ], "answer_start": [ 255 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107610
57263f3489a1e219009ac5cb
Royal_Dutch_Shell
In response, Shell filed lawsuits to seek injunctions from possible protests, and Benjamin Jealous of the NAACP and Radford argued that the legal action was "trampling American's rights." According to Greenpeace, Shell lodged a request with Google to ban video footage of a Greenpeace protest action that occurred at the...
What banners appeared on the winners' podium at the August 2013 ceremony?
What banners appeared on the winners' podium at the August 2013 ceremony?
[ "What banners appeared on the winners' podium at the August 2013 ceremony?" ]
{ "text": [ "\"SaveTheArctic.org\"" ], "answer_start": [ 401 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107611
57263f3489a1e219009ac5cc
Royal_Dutch_Shell
In response, Shell filed lawsuits to seek injunctions from possible protests, and Benjamin Jealous of the NAACP and Radford argued that the legal action was "trampling American's rights." According to Greenpeace, Shell lodged a request with Google to ban video footage of a Greenpeace protest action that occurred at the...
At the 2013 ceremony, activitsts controlled their appearance with what?
At the 2013 ceremony, activitsts controlled their appearance with what?
[ "At the 2013 ceremony, activitsts controlled their appearance with what?" ]
{ "text": [ "the use of four radio car antennas" ], "answer_start": [ 560 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107612
5a62986bf8d794001af1c13e
Royal_Dutch_Shell
In response, Shell filed lawsuits to seek injunctions from possible protests, and Benjamin Jealous of the NAACP and Radford argued that the legal action was "trampling American's rights." According to Greenpeace, Shell lodged a request with Google to ban video footage of a Greenpeace protest action that occurred at the...
When did Shell ask google to ban video footage of the Greenpeace protests?
When did Shell ask google to ban video footage of the Greenpeace protests?
[ "When did Shell ask google to ban video footage of the Greenpeace protests?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107613
5a62986bf8d794001af1c13f
Royal_Dutch_Shell
In response, Shell filed lawsuits to seek injunctions from possible protests, and Benjamin Jealous of the NAACP and Radford argued that the legal action was "trampling American's rights." According to Greenpeace, Shell lodged a request with Google to ban video footage of a Greenpeace protest action that occurred at the...
What is the Greenpeace logo?
What is the Greenpeace logo?
[ "What is the Greenpeace logo?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107614
5a62986bf8d794001af1c140
Royal_Dutch_Shell
In response, Shell filed lawsuits to seek injunctions from possible protests, and Benjamin Jealous of the NAACP and Radford argued that the legal action was "trampling American's rights." According to Greenpeace, Shell lodged a request with Google to ban video footage of a Greenpeace protest action that occurred at the...
Who filed the lawsuits against Shell?
Who filed the lawsuits against Shell?
[ "Who filed the lawsuits against Shell?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107615
5a62986bf8d794001af1c141
Royal_Dutch_Shell
In response, Shell filed lawsuits to seek injunctions from possible protests, and Benjamin Jealous of the NAACP and Radford argued that the legal action was "trampling American's rights." According to Greenpeace, Shell lodged a request with Google to ban video footage of a Greenpeace protest action that occurred at the...
Who did SaveTheArctic partner with for the Belgian Grand Prix?
Who did SaveTheArctic partner with for the Belgian Grand Prix?
[ "Who did SaveTheArctic partner with for the Belgian Grand Prix?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107616
5a62986bf8d794001af1c142
Royal_Dutch_Shell
In response, Shell filed lawsuits to seek injunctions from possible protests, and Benjamin Jealous of the NAACP and Radford argued that the legal action was "trampling American's rights." According to Greenpeace, Shell lodged a request with Google to ban video footage of a Greenpeace protest action that occurred at the...
How were the winners' podiums controlled?
How were the winners' podiums controlled?
[ "How were the winners' podiums controlled?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107617
571a9f0e4faf5e1900b8ab3c
Umayyad_Caliphate
The rivalries between the Arab tribes had caused unrest in the provinces outside Syria, most notably in the Second Muslim Civil War of 680–692 CE and the Berber Revolt of 740–743 CE. During the Second Civil War, leadership of the Umayyad clan shifted from the Sufyanid branch of the family to the Marwanid branch. As the...
In what year CE did the Second Muslim Civil War end?
In what year CE did the Second Muslim Civil War end?
[ "In what year CE did the Second Muslim Civil War end?" ]
{ "text": [ "692" ], "answer_start": [ 139 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107618
571a9f0e4faf5e1900b8ab3d
Umayyad_Caliphate
The rivalries between the Arab tribes had caused unrest in the provinces outside Syria, most notably in the Second Muslim Civil War of 680–692 CE and the Berber Revolt of 740–743 CE. During the Second Civil War, leadership of the Umayyad clan shifted from the Sufyanid branch of the family to the Marwanid branch. As the...
During what period did the Berber Revolt occur?
During what period did the Berber Revolt occur?
[ "During what period did the Berber Revolt occur?" ]
{ "text": [ "740–743 CE" ], "answer_start": [ 171 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107619
571a9f0e4faf5e1900b8ab3e
Umayyad_Caliphate
The rivalries between the Arab tribes had caused unrest in the provinces outside Syria, most notably in the Second Muslim Civil War of 680–692 CE and the Berber Revolt of 740–743 CE. During the Second Civil War, leadership of the Umayyad clan shifted from the Sufyanid branch of the family to the Marwanid branch. As the...
What branch took over Umayyad leadership during the Second Civil War?
What branch took over Umayyad leadership during the Second Civil War?
[ "What branch took over Umayyad leadership during the Second Civil War?" ]
{ "text": [ "Marwanid" ], "answer_start": [ 297 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107620
5acf705877cf76001a684e2a
Umayyad_Caliphate
The rivalries between the Arab tribes had caused unrest in the provinces outside Syria, most notably in the Second Muslim Civil War of 680–692 CE and the Berber Revolt of 740–743 CE. During the Second Civil War, leadership of the Umayyad clan shifted from the Sufyanid branch of the family to the Marwanid branch. As the...
What caused unrest in the provinces inside Syria?
What caused unrest in the provinces inside Syria?
[ "What caused unrest in the provinces inside Syria?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107621
5acf705877cf76001a684e2b
Umayyad_Caliphate
The rivalries between the Arab tribes had caused unrest in the provinces outside Syria, most notably in the Second Muslim Civil War of 680–692 CE and the Berber Revolt of 740–743 CE. During the Second Civil War, leadership of the Umayyad clan shifted from the Sufyanid branch of the family to the Marwanid branch. As the...
In what years did the First Muslim Civil War occur?
In what years did the First Muslim Civil War occur?
[ "In what years did the First Muslim Civil War occur?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107622
5acf705877cf76001a684e2c
Umayyad_Caliphate
The rivalries between the Arab tribes had caused unrest in the provinces outside Syria, most notably in the Second Muslim Civil War of 680–692 CE and the Berber Revolt of 740–743 CE. During the Second Civil War, leadership of the Umayyad clan shifted from the Sufyanid branch of the family to the Marwanid branch. As the...
When did leadership shift from the Marwanid branch to the Sufyanid branch?
When did leadership shift from the Marwanid branch to the Sufyanid branch?
[ "When did leadership shift from the Marwanid branch to the Sufyanid branch?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107623
5acf705877cf76001a684e2d
Umayyad_Caliphate
The rivalries between the Arab tribes had caused unrest in the provinces outside Syria, most notably in the Second Muslim Civil War of 680–692 CE and the Berber Revolt of 740–743 CE. During the Second Civil War, leadership of the Umayyad clan shifted from the Sufyanid branch of the family to the Marwanid branch. As the...
What year was the Caliphate of Cordoba started?
What year was the Caliphate of Cordoba started?
[ "What year was the Caliphate of Cordoba started?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107624
5acf705877cf76001a684e2e
Umayyad_Caliphate
The rivalries between the Arab tribes had caused unrest in the provinces outside Syria, most notably in the Second Muslim Civil War of 680–692 CE and the Berber Revolt of 740–743 CE. During the Second Civil War, leadership of the Umayyad clan shifted from the Sufyanid branch of the family to the Marwanid branch. As the...
What war strengthened the Umayyads?
What war strengthened the Umayyads?
[ "What war strengthened the Umayyads?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107625
571a9f4010f8ca14003051c1
Umayyad_Caliphate
Ali was assassinated in 661 by a Kharijite partisan. Six months later in the same year, in the interest of peace, Hasan ibn Ali, highly regarded for his wisdom and as a peacemaker, and the Second Imam for the Shias, and the grandson of Muhammad, made a peace treaty with Muawiyah I. In the Hasan-Muawiya treaty, Hasan ib...
In what year was Ali killed?
In what year was Ali killed?
[ "In what year was Ali killed?" ]
{ "text": [ "661" ], "answer_start": [ 24 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107626
571a9f4110f8ca14003051c2
Umayyad_Caliphate
Ali was assassinated in 661 by a Kharijite partisan. Six months later in the same year, in the interest of peace, Hasan ibn Ali, highly regarded for his wisdom and as a peacemaker, and the Second Imam for the Shias, and the grandson of Muhammad, made a peace treaty with Muawiyah I. In the Hasan-Muawiya treaty, Hasan ib...
Who killed Ali?
Who killed Ali?
[ "Who killed Ali?" ]
{ "text": [ "Kharijite partisan" ], "answer_start": [ 33 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107627
571a9f4110f8ca14003051c3
Umayyad_Caliphate
Ali was assassinated in 661 by a Kharijite partisan. Six months later in the same year, in the interest of peace, Hasan ibn Ali, highly regarded for his wisdom and as a peacemaker, and the Second Imam for the Shias, and the grandson of Muhammad, made a peace treaty with Muawiyah I. In the Hasan-Muawiya treaty, Hasan ib...
Who made peace with Muawiyah I?
Who made peace with Muawiyah I?
[ "Who made peace with Muawiyah I?" ]
{ "text": [ "Hasan ibn Ali" ], "answer_start": [ 114 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107628
571a9f4110f8ca14003051c4
Umayyad_Caliphate
Ali was assassinated in 661 by a Kharijite partisan. Six months later in the same year, in the interest of peace, Hasan ibn Ali, highly regarded for his wisdom and as a peacemaker, and the Second Imam for the Shias, and the grandson of Muhammad, made a peace treaty with Muawiyah I. In the Hasan-Muawiya treaty, Hasan ib...
Where was the capital of the Umayyad dynasty?
Where was the capital of the Umayyad dynasty?
[ "Where was the capital of the Umayyad dynasty?" ]
{ "text": [ "Damascus" ], "answer_start": [ 744 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107629
5acf9c8b77cf76001a6854be
Umayyad_Caliphate
Ali was assassinated in 661 by a Kharijite partisan. Six months later in the same year, in the interest of peace, Hasan ibn Ali, highly regarded for his wisdom and as a peacemaker, and the Second Imam for the Shias, and the grandson of Muhammad, made a peace treaty with Muawiyah I. In the Hasan-Muawiya treaty, Hasan ib...
When was a Kharijite partisan killed?
When was a Kharijite partisan killed?
[ "When was a Kharijite partisan killed?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107630
5acf9c8b77cf76001a6854bf
Umayyad_Caliphate
Ali was assassinated in 661 by a Kharijite partisan. Six months later in the same year, in the interest of peace, Hasan ibn Ali, highly regarded for his wisdom and as a peacemaker, and the Second Imam for the Shias, and the grandson of Muhammad, made a peace treaty with Muawiyah I. In the Hasan-Muawiya treaty, Hasan ib...
Who was the First Imam for the Shias?
Who was the First Imam for the Shias?
[ "Who was the First Imam for the Shias?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107631
5acf9c8b77cf76001a6854c0
Umayyad_Caliphate
Ali was assassinated in 661 by a Kharijite partisan. Six months later in the same year, in the interest of peace, Hasan ibn Ali, highly regarded for his wisdom and as a peacemaker, and the Second Imam for the Shias, and the grandson of Muhammad, made a peace treaty with Muawiyah I. In the Hasan-Muawiya treaty, Hasan ib...
Who followed the conditions of the agreement?
Who followed the conditions of the agreement?
[ "Who followed the conditions of the agreement?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107632
5acf9c8b77cf76001a6854c1
Umayyad_Caliphate
Ali was assassinated in 661 by a Kharijite partisan. Six months later in the same year, in the interest of peace, Hasan ibn Ali, highly regarded for his wisdom and as a peacemaker, and the Second Imam for the Shias, and the grandson of Muhammad, made a peace treaty with Muawiyah I. In the Hasan-Muawiya treaty, Hasan ib...
Who refused to hand over power to Muawiyah?
Who refused to hand over power to Muawiyah?
[ "Who refused to hand over power to Muawiyah?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107633
5acf9c8b77cf76001a6854c2
Umayyad_Caliphate
Ali was assassinated in 661 by a Kharijite partisan. Six months later in the same year, in the interest of peace, Hasan ibn Ali, highly regarded for his wisdom and as a peacemaker, and the Second Imam for the Shias, and the grandson of Muhammad, made a peace treaty with Muawiyah I. In the Hasan-Muawiya treaty, Hasan ib...
Who was regarded as a fool?
Who was regarded as a fool?
[ "Who was regarded as a fool?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107634
571a9f6a4faf5e1900b8ab42
Umayyad_Caliphate
At the time, the Umayyad taxation and administrative practice were perceived as unjust by some Muslims. The Christian and Jewish population had still autonomy; their judicial matters were dealt with in accordance with their own laws and by their own religious heads or their appointees, although they did pay a poll tax ...
What form of tax were Christians required to pay?
What form of tax were Christians required to pay?
[ "What form of tax were Christians required to pay?" ]
{ "text": [ "jizya" ], "answer_start": [ 570 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107635
571a9f6a4faf5e1900b8ab43
Umayyad_Caliphate
At the time, the Umayyad taxation and administrative practice were perceived as unjust by some Muslims. The Christian and Jewish population had still autonomy; their judicial matters were dealt with in accordance with their own laws and by their own religious heads or their appointees, although they did pay a poll tax ...
Who was the mother of Yazid?
Who was the mother of Yazid?
[ "Who was the mother of Yazid?" ]
{ "text": [ "Maysum" ], "answer_start": [ 713 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107636
571a9f6a4faf5e1900b8ab44
Umayyad_Caliphate
At the time, the Umayyad taxation and administrative practice were perceived as unjust by some Muslims. The Christian and Jewish population had still autonomy; their judicial matters were dealt with in accordance with their own laws and by their own religious heads or their appointees, although they did pay a poll tax ...
What was Maysum's religion?
What was Maysum's religion?
[ "What was Maysum's religion?" ]
{ "text": [ "Christian" ], "answer_start": [ 748 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107637
5acf6e1877cf76001a684e16
Umayyad_Caliphate
At the time, the Umayyad taxation and administrative practice were perceived as unjust by some Muslims. The Christian and Jewish population had still autonomy; their judicial matters were dealt with in accordance with their own laws and by their own religious heads or their appointees, although they did pay a poll tax ...
What populations did not have autonomy?
What populations did not have autonomy?
[ "What populations did not have autonomy?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107638
5acf6e1877cf76001a684e17
Umayyad_Caliphate
At the time, the Umayyad taxation and administrative practice were perceived as unjust by some Muslims. The Christian and Jewish population had still autonomy; their judicial matters were dealt with in accordance with their own laws and by their own religious heads or their appointees, although they did pay a poll tax ...
Who ended the Muslim welfare state?
Who ended the Muslim welfare state?
[ "Who ended the Muslim welfare state?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107639
5acf6e1877cf76001a684e18
Umayyad_Caliphate
At the time, the Umayyad taxation and administrative practice were perceived as unjust by some Muslims. The Christian and Jewish population had still autonomy; their judicial matters were dealt with in accordance with their own laws and by their own religious heads or their appointees, although they did pay a poll tax ...
What religion never held prominent positions in the Caliphate?
What religion never held prominent positions in the Caliphate?
[ "What religion never held prominent positions in the Caliphate?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107640
5acf6e1877cf76001a684e19
Umayyad_Caliphate
At the time, the Umayyad taxation and administrative practice were perceived as unjust by some Muslims. The Christian and Jewish population had still autonomy; their judicial matters were dealt with in accordance with their own laws and by their own religious heads or their appointees, although they did pay a poll tax ...
What caused Muawiya to become less popular?
What caused Muawiya to become less popular?
[ "What caused Muawiya to become less popular?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107641
5acf6e1877cf76001a684e1a
Umayyad_Caliphate
At the time, the Umayyad taxation and administrative practice were perceived as unjust by some Muslims. The Christian and Jewish population had still autonomy; their judicial matters were dealt with in accordance with their own laws and by their own religious heads or their appointees, although they did pay a poll tax ...
What part of the empire remained largely Jewish?
What part of the empire remained largely Jewish?
[ "What part of the empire remained largely Jewish?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107642
571a9fa84faf5e1900b8ab48
Umayyad_Caliphate
The Umayyad Caliphate (Arabic: الخلافة الأموية‎, trans. Al-Khilāfat al-ʾumawiyya) was the second of the four major Islamic caliphates established after the death of Muhammad. This caliphate was centered on the Umayyad dynasty (Arabic: الأمويون‎, al-ʾUmawiyyūn, or بنو أمية, Banū ʾUmayya, "Sons of Umayya"), hailing from ...
How many major Islamic caliphates existed after Muhammad's death?
How many major Islamic caliphates existed after Muhammad's death?
[ "How many major Islamic caliphates existed after Muhammad's death?" ]
{ "text": [ "four" ], "answer_start": [ 104 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107643
571a9fa84faf5e1900b8ab49
Umayyad_Caliphate
The Umayyad Caliphate (Arabic: الخلافة الأموية‎, trans. Al-Khilāfat al-ʾumawiyya) was the second of the four major Islamic caliphates established after the death of Muhammad. This caliphate was centered on the Umayyad dynasty (Arabic: الأمويون‎, al-ʾUmawiyyūn, or بنو أمية, Banū ʾUmayya, "Sons of Umayya"), hailing from ...
Who was the third caliph?
Who was the third caliph?
[ "Who was the third caliph?" ]
{ "text": [ "Uthman ibn Affan" ], "answer_start": [ 394 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107644
571a9fa84faf5e1900b8ab4a
Umayyad_Caliphate
The Umayyad Caliphate (Arabic: الخلافة الأموية‎, trans. Al-Khilāfat al-ʾumawiyya) was the second of the four major Islamic caliphates established after the death of Muhammad. This caliphate was centered on the Umayyad dynasty (Arabic: الأمويون‎, al-ʾUmawiyyūn, or بنو أمية, Banū ʾUmayya, "Sons of Umayya"), hailing from ...
Who founded the Umayyad regime?
Who founded the Umayyad regime?
[ "Who founded the Umayyad regime?" ]
{ "text": [ "Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan" ], "answer_start": [ 463 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107645
571a9fa84faf5e1900b8ab4b
Umayyad_Caliphate
The Umayyad Caliphate (Arabic: الخلافة الأموية‎, trans. Al-Khilāfat al-ʾumawiyya) was the second of the four major Islamic caliphates established after the death of Muhammad. This caliphate was centered on the Umayyad dynasty (Arabic: الأمويون‎, al-ʾUmawiyyūn, or بنو أمية, Banū ʾUmayya, "Sons of Umayya"), hailing from ...
How many million square miles was the Umayyad caliphate at its largest size?
How many million square miles was the Umayyad caliphate at its largest size?
[ "How many million square miles was the Umayyad caliphate at its largest size?" ]
{ "text": [ "5.79" ], "answer_start": [ 903 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107646
5acf6cae77cf76001a684de4
Umayyad_Caliphate
The Umayyad Caliphate (Arabic: الخلافة الأموية‎, trans. Al-Khilāfat al-ʾumawiyya) was the second of the four major Islamic caliphates established after the death of Muhammad. This caliphate was centered on the Umayyad dynasty (Arabic: الأمويون‎, al-ʾUmawiyyūn, or بنو أمية, Banū ʾUmayya, "Sons of Umayya"), hailing from ...
How many Islamic caliphates existed before the death of Muhammad?
How many Islamic caliphates existed before the death of Muhammad?
[ "How many Islamic caliphates existed before the death of Muhammad?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107647
5acf6cae77cf76001a684de5
Umayyad_Caliphate
The Umayyad Caliphate (Arabic: الخلافة الأموية‎, trans. Al-Khilāfat al-ʾumawiyya) was the second of the four major Islamic caliphates established after the death of Muhammad. This caliphate was centered on the Umayyad dynasty (Arabic: الأمويون‎, al-ʾUmawiyyūn, or بنو أمية, Banū ʾUmayya, "Sons of Umayya"), hailing from ...
Who was the first caliph?
Who was the first caliph?
[ "Who was the first caliph?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107648
5acf6cae77cf76001a684de6
Umayyad_Caliphate
The Umayyad Caliphate (Arabic: الخلافة الأموية‎, trans. Al-Khilāfat al-ʾumawiyya) was the second of the four major Islamic caliphates established after the death of Muhammad. This caliphate was centered on the Umayyad dynasty (Arabic: الأمويون‎, al-ʾUmawiyyūn, or بنو أمية, Banū ʾUmayya, "Sons of Umayya"), hailing from ...
When did the First Muslim Civil War begin?
When did the First Muslim Civil War begin?
[ "When did the First Muslim Civil War begin?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107649
5acf6cae77cf76001a684de7
Umayyad_Caliphate
The Umayyad Caliphate (Arabic: الخلافة الأموية‎, trans. Al-Khilāfat al-ʾumawiyya) was the second of the four major Islamic caliphates established after the death of Muhammad. This caliphate was centered on the Umayyad dynasty (Arabic: الأمويون‎, al-ʾUmawiyyūn, or بنو أمية, Banū ʾUmayya, "Sons of Umayya"), hailing from ...
What was the first major Islamic caliphate?
What was the first major Islamic caliphate?
[ "What was the first major Islamic caliphate?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107650
5acf6cae77cf76001a684de8
Umayyad_Caliphate
The Umayyad Caliphate (Arabic: الخلافة الأموية‎, trans. Al-Khilāfat al-ʾumawiyya) was the second of the four major Islamic caliphates established after the death of Muhammad. This caliphate was centered on the Umayyad dynasty (Arabic: الأمويون‎, al-ʾUmawiyyūn, or بنو أمية, Banū ʾUmayya, "Sons of Umayya"), hailing from ...
How many square miles big was the Umayyad Caliphate at it's smallest?
How many square miles big was the Umayyad Caliphate at it's smallest?
[ "How many square miles big was the Umayyad Caliphate at it's smallest?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107651
571a9fd84faf5e1900b8ab50
Umayyad_Caliphate
Most historians[who?] consider Caliph Muawiyah (661–80) to have been the second ruler of the Umayyad dynasty, even though he was the first to assert the Umayyads' right to rule on a dynastic principle. It was really the caliphate of Uthman Ibn Affan (644–656), a member of Umayyad clan himself, that witnessed the reviva...
When did Muawiyah become caliph?
When did Muawiyah become caliph?
[ "When did Muawiyah become caliph?" ]
{ "text": [ "661" ], "answer_start": [ 48 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107652
571a9fd84faf5e1900b8ab51
Umayyad_Caliphate
Most historians[who?] consider Caliph Muawiyah (661–80) to have been the second ruler of the Umayyad dynasty, even though he was the first to assert the Umayyads' right to rule on a dynastic principle. It was really the caliphate of Uthman Ibn Affan (644–656), a member of Umayyad clan himself, that witnessed the reviva...
When did the caliphate of Uthman Ibn Affan end?
When did the caliphate of Uthman Ibn Affan end?
[ "When did the caliphate of Uthman Ibn Affan end?" ]
{ "text": [ "656" ], "answer_start": [ 255 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107653
571a9fd84faf5e1900b8ab52
Umayyad_Caliphate
Most historians[who?] consider Caliph Muawiyah (661–80) to have been the second ruler of the Umayyad dynasty, even though he was the first to assert the Umayyads' right to rule on a dynastic principle. It was really the caliphate of Uthman Ibn Affan (644–656), a member of Umayyad clan himself, that witnessed the reviva...
Who was the son of Al-Hakam ibn Abi al-'As?
Who was the son of Al-Hakam ibn Abi al-'As?
[ "Who was the son of Al-Hakam ibn Abi al-'As?" ]
{ "text": [ "Marwan ibn al-Hakam" ], "answer_start": [ 539 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107654
5acf8e3877cf76001a685244
Umayyad_Caliphate
Most historians[who?] consider Caliph Muawiyah (661–80) to have been the second ruler of the Umayyad dynasty, even though he was the first to assert the Umayyads' right to rule on a dynastic principle. It was really the caliphate of Uthman Ibn Affan (644–656), a member of Umayyad clan himself, that witnessed the reviva...
Who was the second ruler to asset the Umayyads' right to rule on dynastic principal?
Who was the second ruler to asset the Umayyads' right to rule on dynastic principal?
[ "Who was the second ruler to asset the Umayyads' right to rule on dynastic principal?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107655
5acf8e3877cf76001a685245
Umayyad_Caliphate
Most historians[who?] consider Caliph Muawiyah (661–80) to have been the second ruler of the Umayyad dynasty, even though he was the first to assert the Umayyads' right to rule on a dynastic principle. It was really the caliphate of Uthman Ibn Affan (644–656), a member of Umayyad clan himself, that witnessed the reviva...
Who do most historians think was the first rules of the Umayyad dynasty?
Who do most historians think was the first rules of the Umayyad dynasty?
[ "Who do most historians think was the first rules of the Umayyad dynasty?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107656
5acf8e3877cf76001a685246
Umayyad_Caliphate
Most historians[who?] consider Caliph Muawiyah (661–80) to have been the second ruler of the Umayyad dynasty, even though he was the first to assert the Umayyads' right to rule on a dynastic principle. It was really the caliphate of Uthman Ibn Affan (644–656), a member of Umayyad clan himself, that witnessed the reviva...
Which caliphate witnessed the downfall of the Umayyad clan?
Which caliphate witnessed the downfall of the Umayyad clan?
[ "Which caliphate witnessed the downfall of the Umayyad clan?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107657
5acf8e3877cf76001a685247
Umayyad_Caliphate
Most historians[who?] consider Caliph Muawiyah (661–80) to have been the second ruler of the Umayyad dynasty, even though he was the first to assert the Umayyads' right to rule on a dynastic principle. It was really the caliphate of Uthman Ibn Affan (644–656), a member of Umayyad clan himself, that witnessed the reviva...
Who was Marwan ibn al-Hakam'a top advisor?
Who was Marwan ibn al-Hakam'a top advisor?
[ "Who was Marwan ibn al-Hakam'a top advisor?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107658
5acf8e3877cf76001a685248
Umayyad_Caliphate
Most historians[who?] consider Caliph Muawiyah (661–80) to have been the second ruler of the Umayyad dynasty, even though he was the first to assert the Umayyads' right to rule on a dynastic principle. It was really the caliphate of Uthman Ibn Affan (644–656), a member of Umayyad clan himself, that witnessed the reviva...
Why can Uthman be considered the founder of a dynasty?
Why can Uthman be considered the founder of a dynasty?
[ "Why can Uthman be considered the founder of a dynasty?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107659
571aa02b10f8ca14003051db
Umayyad_Caliphate
Following the death of Husayn, Ibn al-Zubayr, although remaining in Mecca, was associated with two opposition movements, one centered in Medina and the other around Kharijites in Basra and Arabia. Because Medina had been home to Muhammad and his family, including Husayn, word of his death and the imprisonment of his fa...
What opposition movement was based in Arabia and Basra?
What opposition movement was based in Arabia and Basra?
[ "What opposition movement was based in Arabia and Basra?" ]
{ "text": [ "Kharijites" ], "answer_start": [ 165 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107660
571aa02b10f8ca14003051dc
Umayyad_Caliphate
Following the death of Husayn, Ibn al-Zubayr, although remaining in Mecca, was associated with two opposition movements, one centered in Medina and the other around Kharijites in Basra and Arabia. Because Medina had been home to Muhammad and his family, including Husayn, word of his death and the imprisonment of his fa...
Who sent an army in 683 to stop the opposition movements?
Who sent an army in 683 to stop the opposition movements?
[ "Who sent an army in 683 to stop the opposition movements?" ]
{ "text": [ "Yazid" ], "answer_start": [ 369 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107661
571aa02b10f8ca14003051dd
Umayyad_Caliphate
Following the death of Husayn, Ibn al-Zubayr, although remaining in Mecca, was associated with two opposition movements, one centered in Medina and the other around Kharijites in Basra and Arabia. Because Medina had been home to Muhammad and his family, including Husayn, word of his death and the imprisonment of his fa...
In what battle was the Medinese opposition movement defeated?
In what battle was the Medinese opposition movement defeated?
[ "In what battle was the Medinese opposition movement defeated?" ]
{ "text": [ "Battle of al-Harrah" ], "answer_start": [ 471 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107662
571aa02b10f8ca14003051de
Umayyad_Caliphate
Following the death of Husayn, Ibn al-Zubayr, although remaining in Mecca, was associated with two opposition movements, one centered in Medina and the other around Kharijites in Basra and Arabia. Because Medina had been home to Muhammad and his family, including Husayn, word of his death and the imprisonment of his fa...
Where is the Kaaba located?
Where is the Kaaba located?
[ "Where is the Kaaba located?" ]
{ "text": [ "Mecca" ], "answer_start": [ 637 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107663
5acfa37777cf76001a68569e
Umayyad_Caliphate
Following the death of Husayn, Ibn al-Zubayr, although remaining in Mecca, was associated with two opposition movements, one centered in Medina and the other around Kharijites in Basra and Arabia. Because Medina had been home to Muhammad and his family, including Husayn, word of his death and the imprisonment of his fa...
How many opposition movements was Husayn associated with?
How many opposition movements was Husayn associated with?
[ "How many opposition movements was Husayn associated with?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107664
5acfa37777cf76001a68569f
Umayyad_Caliphate
Following the death of Husayn, Ibn al-Zubayr, although remaining in Mecca, was associated with two opposition movements, one centered in Medina and the other around Kharijites in Basra and Arabia. Because Medina had been home to Muhammad and his family, including Husayn, word of his death and the imprisonment of his fa...
What mosque in Medina was repaired?
What mosque in Medina was repaired?
[ "What mosque in Medina was repaired?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107665
5acfa37777cf76001a6856a0
Umayyad_Caliphate
Following the death of Husayn, Ibn al-Zubayr, although remaining in Mecca, was associated with two opposition movements, one centered in Medina and the other around Kharijites in Basra and Arabia. Because Medina had been home to Muhammad and his family, including Husayn, word of his death and the imprisonment of his fa...
What army laid siege to Arabia?
What army laid siege to Arabia?
[ "What army laid siege to Arabia?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107666
5acfa37777cf76001a6856a1
Umayyad_Caliphate
Following the death of Husayn, Ibn al-Zubayr, although remaining in Mecca, was associated with two opposition movements, one centered in Medina and the other around Kharijites in Basra and Arabia. Because Medina had been home to Muhammad and his family, including Husayn, word of his death and the imprisonment of his fa...
What became a cause for the celebration of the Umayyads in later histories?
What became a cause for the celebration of the Umayyads in later histories?
[ "What became a cause for the celebration of the Umayyads in later histories?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107667
5acfa37777cf76001a6856a2
Umayyad_Caliphate
Following the death of Husayn, Ibn al-Zubayr, although remaining in Mecca, was associated with two opposition movements, one centered in Medina and the other around Kharijites in Basra and Arabia. Because Medina had been home to Muhammad and his family, including Husayn, word of his death and the imprisonment of his fa...
Who dispatched an army to help the opposition movements?
Who dispatched an army to help the opposition movements?
[ "Who dispatched an army to help the opposition movements?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107668
571aa06610f8ca14003051e3
Umayyad_Caliphate
According to tradition, the Umayyad family (also known as the Banu Abd-Shams) and Muhammad both descended from a common ancestor, Abd Manaf ibn Qusai, and they originally came from the city of Mecca. Muhammad descended from Abd Manāf via his son Hashim, while the Umayyads descended from Abd Manaf via a different son, A...
What is another term for the Umayyads?
What is another term for the Umayyads?
[ "What is another term for the Umayyads?" ]
{ "text": [ "Banu Abd-Shams" ], "answer_start": [ 62 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107669
571aa06610f8ca14003051e4
Umayyad_Caliphate
According to tradition, the Umayyad family (also known as the Banu Abd-Shams) and Muhammad both descended from a common ancestor, Abd Manaf ibn Qusai, and they originally came from the city of Mecca. Muhammad descended from Abd Manāf via his son Hashim, while the Umayyads descended from Abd Manaf via a different son, A...
Traditionally, who did the Umayyads and Muhammad both descend from?
Traditionally, who did the Umayyads and Muhammad both descend from?
[ "Traditionally, who did the Umayyads and Muhammad both descend from?" ]
{ "text": [ "Abd Manaf ibn Qusai" ], "answer_start": [ 130 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107670
571aa06610f8ca14003051e5
Umayyad_Caliphate
According to tradition, the Umayyad family (also known as the Banu Abd-Shams) and Muhammad both descended from a common ancestor, Abd Manaf ibn Qusai, and they originally came from the city of Mecca. Muhammad descended from Abd Manāf via his son Hashim, while the Umayyads descended from Abd Manaf via a different son, A...
From what city did the Umayyads originate?
From what city did the Umayyads originate?
[ "From what city did the Umayyads originate?" ]
{ "text": [ "Mecca" ], "answer_start": [ 193 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107671
571aa06610f8ca14003051e6
Umayyad_Caliphate
According to tradition, the Umayyad family (also known as the Banu Abd-Shams) and Muhammad both descended from a common ancestor, Abd Manaf ibn Qusai, and they originally came from the city of Mecca. Muhammad descended from Abd Manāf via his son Hashim, while the Umayyads descended from Abd Manaf via a different son, A...
What son of Abd-Shams was the ancestor of the Umayyads?
What son of Abd-Shams was the ancestor of the Umayyads?
[ "What son of Abd-Shams was the ancestor of the Umayyads?" ]
{ "text": [ "Umayya" ], "answer_start": [ 344 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107672
5acf7f9177cf76001a684fca
Umayyad_Caliphate
According to tradition, the Umayyad family (also known as the Banu Abd-Shams) and Muhammad both descended from a common ancestor, Abd Manaf ibn Qusai, and they originally came from the city of Mecca. Muhammad descended from Abd Manāf via his son Hashim, while the Umayyads descended from Abd Manaf via a different son, A...
Who did Abd Manaf ibn Qusai descend from?
Who did Abd Manaf ibn Qusai descend from?
[ "Who did Abd Manaf ibn Qusai descend from?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107673
5acf7f9177cf76001a684fcb
Umayyad_Caliphate
According to tradition, the Umayyad family (also known as the Banu Abd-Shams) and Muhammad both descended from a common ancestor, Abd Manaf ibn Qusai, and they originally came from the city of Mecca. Muhammad descended from Abd Manāf via his son Hashim, while the Umayyads descended from Abd Manaf via a different son, A...
Who suspects that Muhammad was an adopted son?
Who suspects that Muhammad was an adopted son?
[ "Who suspects that Muhammad was an adopted son?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107674
5acf7f9177cf76001a684fcc
Umayyad_Caliphate
According to tradition, the Umayyad family (also known as the Banu Abd-Shams) and Muhammad both descended from a common ancestor, Abd Manaf ibn Qusai, and they originally came from the city of Mecca. Muhammad descended from Abd Manāf via his son Hashim, while the Umayyads descended from Abd Manaf via a different son, A...
Which historians agree with the Muslim Shia historians?
Which historians agree with the Muslim Shia historians?
[ "Which historians agree with the Muslim Shia historians?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107675
5acf7f9177cf76001a684fcd
Umayyad_Caliphate
According to tradition, the Umayyad family (also known as the Banu Abd-Shams) and Muhammad both descended from a common ancestor, Abd Manaf ibn Qusai, and they originally came from the city of Mecca. Muhammad descended from Abd Manāf via his son Hashim, while the Umayyads descended from Abd Manaf via a different son, A...
Who was married to the grandson of Abdullah bin Amr bin Uthman?
Who was married to the grandson of Abdullah bin Amr bin Uthman?
[ "Who was married to the grandson of Abdullah bin Amr bin Uthman?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107676
5acf7f9177cf76001a684fce
Umayyad_Caliphate
According to tradition, the Umayyad family (also known as the Banu Abd-Shams) and Muhammad both descended from a common ancestor, Abd Manaf ibn Qusai, and they originally came from the city of Mecca. Muhammad descended from Abd Manāf via his son Hashim, while the Umayyads descended from Abd Manaf via a different son, A...
Who was the grandson of Zaid bin amr bin uthman bin affan?
Who was the grandson of Zaid bin amr bin uthman bin affan?
[ "Who was the grandson of Zaid bin amr bin uthman bin affan?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107677
571aa0a810f8ca14003051eb
Umayyad_Caliphate
Following this battle, Ali fought a battle against Muawiyah, known as the Battle of Siffin. The battle was stopped before either side had achieved victory, and the two parties agreed to arbitrate their dispute. After the battle Amr ibn al-As was appointed by Muawiyah as an arbitrator, and Ali appointed Abu Musa Ashaari...
Where did Muawiyah fight Ali?
Where did Muawiyah fight Ali?
[ "Where did Muawiyah fight Ali?" ]
{ "text": [ "Battle of Siffin" ], "answer_start": [ 74 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107678
571aa0a810f8ca14003051ec
Umayyad_Caliphate
Following this battle, Ali fought a battle against Muawiyah, known as the Battle of Siffin. The battle was stopped before either side had achieved victory, and the two parties agreed to arbitrate their dispute. After the battle Amr ibn al-As was appointed by Muawiyah as an arbitrator, and Ali appointed Abu Musa Ashaari...
Who was appointed arbitrator by Ali?
Who was appointed arbitrator by Ali?
[ "Who was appointed arbitrator by Ali?" ]
{ "text": [ "Abu Musa Ashaari" ], "answer_start": [ 304 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107679
571aa0a810f8ca14003051ed
Umayyad_Caliphate
Following this battle, Ali fought a battle against Muawiyah, known as the Battle of Siffin. The battle was stopped before either side had achieved victory, and the two parties agreed to arbitrate their dispute. After the battle Amr ibn al-As was appointed by Muawiyah as an arbitrator, and Ali appointed Abu Musa Ashaari...
In what battle did Ali fight the Kharjites?
In what battle did Ali fight the Kharjites?
[ "In what battle did Ali fight the Kharjites?" ]
{ "text": [ "Battle of Nahrawan" ], "answer_start": [ 1232 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107680
571aa0a810f8ca14003051ee
Umayyad_Caliphate
Following this battle, Ali fought a battle against Muawiyah, known as the Battle of Siffin. The battle was stopped before either side had achieved victory, and the two parties agreed to arbitrate their dispute. After the battle Amr ibn al-As was appointed by Muawiyah as an arbitrator, and Ali appointed Abu Musa Ashaari...
What did the term Kharjites mean?
What did the term Kharjites mean?
[ "What did the term Kharjites mean?" ]
{ "text": [ "those who leave" ], "answer_start": [ 1163 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107681
5acf9b6977cf76001a685470
Umayyad_Caliphate
Following this battle, Ali fought a battle against Muawiyah, known as the Battle of Siffin. The battle was stopped before either side had achieved victory, and the two parties agreed to arbitrate their dispute. After the battle Amr ibn al-As was appointed by Muawiyah as an arbitrator, and Ali appointed Abu Musa Ashaari...
Who did Ali fight against before this battle?
Who did Ali fight against before this battle?
[ "Who did Ali fight against before this battle?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107682
5acf9b6977cf76001a685471
Umayyad_Caliphate
Following this battle, Ali fought a battle against Muawiyah, known as the Battle of Siffin. The battle was stopped before either side had achieved victory, and the two parties agreed to arbitrate their dispute. After the battle Amr ibn al-As was appointed by Muawiyah as an arbitrator, and Ali appointed Abu Musa Ashaari...
Who was appointed as an arbitrator before the battle?
Who was appointed as an arbitrator before the battle?
[ "Who was appointed as an arbitrator before the battle?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107683
5acf9b6977cf76001a685472
Umayyad_Caliphate
Following this battle, Ali fought a battle against Muawiyah, known as the Battle of Siffin. The battle was stopped before either side had achieved victory, and the two parties agreed to arbitrate their dispute. After the battle Amr ibn al-As was appointed by Muawiyah as an arbitrator, and Ali appointed Abu Musa Ashaari...
Who convinced the others that a new Caliph should not be elected?
Who convinced the others that a new Caliph should not be elected?
[ "Who convinced the others that a new Caliph should not be elected?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107684
5acf9b6977cf76001a685473
Umayyad_Caliphate
Following this battle, Ali fought a battle against Muawiyah, known as the Battle of Siffin. The battle was stopped before either side had achieved victory, and the two parties agreed to arbitrate their dispute. After the battle Amr ibn al-As was appointed by Muawiyah as an arbitrator, and Ali appointed Abu Musa Ashaari...
What group's name means "those who stay"?
What group's name means "those who stay"?
[ "What group's name means \"those who stay\"?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107685
5acf9b6977cf76001a685474
Umayyad_Caliphate
Following this battle, Ali fought a battle against Muawiyah, known as the Battle of Siffin. The battle was stopped before either side had achieved victory, and the two parties agreed to arbitrate their dispute. After the battle Amr ibn al-As was appointed by Muawiyah as an arbitrator, and Ali appointed Abu Musa Ashaari...
What was the slogan of those who stayed with Ali's force?
What was the slogan of those who stayed with Ali's force?
[ "What was the slogan of those who stayed with Ali's force?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107686
571aa0ea4faf5e1900b8ab56
Umayyad_Caliphate
The Quran and Muhammad talked about racial equality and justice as in The Farewell Sermon. Tribal and nationalistic differences were discouraged. But after Muhammad's passing, the old tribal differences between the Arabs started to resurface. Following the Roman–Persian Wars and the Byzantine–Sassanid Wars, deep rooted...
Who controlled Iraq before the Arabs?
Who controlled Iraq before the Arabs?
[ "Who controlled Iraq before the Arabs?" ]
{ "text": [ "Persian Sassanid Empire" ], "answer_start": [ 366 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107687
571aa0ea4faf5e1900b8ab57
Umayyad_Caliphate
The Quran and Muhammad talked about racial equality and justice as in The Farewell Sermon. Tribal and nationalistic differences were discouraged. But after Muhammad's passing, the old tribal differences between the Arabs started to resurface. Following the Roman–Persian Wars and the Byzantine–Sassanid Wars, deep rooted...
Who ruled Syria before it was conquered by the followers of Muhammad?
Who ruled Syria before it was conquered by the followers of Muhammad?
[ "Who ruled Syria before it was conquered by the followers of Muhammad?" ]
{ "text": [ "Byzantine Empire" ], "answer_start": [ 421 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107688
571aa0ea4faf5e1900b8ab58
Umayyad_Caliphate
The Quran and Muhammad talked about racial equality and justice as in The Farewell Sermon. Tribal and nationalistic differences were discouraged. But after Muhammad's passing, the old tribal differences between the Arabs started to resurface. Following the Roman–Persian Wars and the Byzantine–Sassanid Wars, deep rooted...
Who was the second caliph?
Who was the second caliph?
[ "Who was the second caliph?" ]
{ "text": [ "Umar" ], "answer_start": [ 567 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107689
5acf95ab77cf76001a68538a
Umayyad_Caliphate
The Quran and Muhammad talked about racial equality and justice as in The Farewell Sermon. Tribal and nationalistic differences were discouraged. But after Muhammad's passing, the old tribal differences between the Arabs started to resurface. Following the Roman–Persian Wars and the Byzantine–Sassanid Wars, deep rooted...
What book never mentioned racial equality?
What book never mentioned racial equality?
[ "What book never mentioned racial equality?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107690
5acf95ab77cf76001a68538b
Umayyad_Caliphate
The Quran and Muhammad talked about racial equality and justice as in The Farewell Sermon. Tribal and nationalistic differences were discouraged. But after Muhammad's passing, the old tribal differences between the Arabs started to resurface. Following the Roman–Persian Wars and the Byzantine–Sassanid Wars, deep rooted...
What was encouraged in the Quran?
What was encouraged in the Quran?
[ "What was encouraged in the Quran?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107691
5acf95ab77cf76001a68538c
Umayyad_Caliphate
The Quran and Muhammad talked about racial equality and justice as in The Farewell Sermon. Tribal and nationalistic differences were discouraged. But after Muhammad's passing, the old tribal differences between the Arabs started to resurface. Following the Roman–Persian Wars and the Byzantine–Sassanid Wars, deep rooted...
What started to resurface before Muhammad's passing?
What started to resurface before Muhammad's passing?
[ "What started to resurface before Muhammad's passing?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107692
5acf95ab77cf76001a68538d
Umayyad_Caliphate
The Quran and Muhammad talked about racial equality and justice as in The Farewell Sermon. Tribal and nationalistic differences were discouraged. But after Muhammad's passing, the old tribal differences between the Arabs started to resurface. Following the Roman–Persian Wars and the Byzantine–Sassanid Wars, deep rooted...
Who was soft on the governors?
Who was soft on the governors?
[ "Who was soft on the governors?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107693
5acf95ab77cf76001a68538e
Umayyad_Caliphate
The Quran and Muhammad talked about racial equality and justice as in The Farewell Sermon. Tribal and nationalistic differences were discouraged. But after Muhammad's passing, the old tribal differences between the Arabs started to resurface. Following the Roman–Persian Wars and the Byzantine–Sassanid Wars, deep rooted...
What area wanted the capital of the Islamic State to be outside their area?
What area wanted the capital of the Islamic State to be outside their area?
[ "What area wanted the capital of the Islamic State to be outside their area?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107694
571aa1474faf5e1900b8ab5c
Umayyad_Caliphate
While the Umayyads and the Hashimites may have had bitterness between the two clans before Muhammad, the rivalry turned into a severe case of tribal animosity after the Battle of Badr. The battle saw three top leaders of the Umayyad clan (Utba ibn Rabi'ah, Walid ibn Utbah and Shaybah) killed by Hashimites (Ali, Hamza i...
How many top leaders of the Umayyads were killed in the Battle of Badr?
How many top leaders of the Umayyads were killed in the Battle of Badr?
[ "How many top leaders of the Umayyads were killed in the Battle of Badr?" ]
{ "text": [ "three" ], "answer_start": [ 200 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107695
571aa1474faf5e1900b8ab5d
Umayyad_Caliphate
While the Umayyads and the Hashimites may have had bitterness between the two clans before Muhammad, the rivalry turned into a severe case of tribal animosity after the Battle of Badr. The battle saw three top leaders of the Umayyad clan (Utba ibn Rabi'ah, Walid ibn Utbah and Shaybah) killed by Hashimites (Ali, Hamza i...
Who did the Umayyads fight in the Battle of Badr?
Who did the Umayyads fight in the Battle of Badr?
[ "Who did the Umayyads fight in the Battle of Badr?" ]
{ "text": [ "Hashimites" ], "answer_start": [ 27 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107696
571aa1474faf5e1900b8ab5e
Umayyad_Caliphate
While the Umayyads and the Hashimites may have had bitterness between the two clans before Muhammad, the rivalry turned into a severe case of tribal animosity after the Battle of Badr. The battle saw three top leaders of the Umayyad clan (Utba ibn Rabi'ah, Walid ibn Utbah and Shaybah) killed by Hashimites (Ali, Hamza i...
What do historians see as the first military defeat of Islam?
What do historians see as the first military defeat of Islam?
[ "What do historians see as the first military defeat of Islam?" ]
{ "text": [ "Battle of Uhud" ], "answer_start": [ 700 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107697
571aa1474faf5e1900b8ab5f
Umayyad_Caliphate
While the Umayyads and the Hashimites may have had bitterness between the two clans before Muhammad, the rivalry turned into a severe case of tribal animosity after the Battle of Badr. The battle saw three top leaders of the Umayyad clan (Utba ibn Rabi'ah, Walid ibn Utbah and Shaybah) killed by Hashimites (Ali, Hamza i...
Who was the spouse of Abu Sufyan?
Who was the spouse of Abu Sufyan?
[ "Who was the spouse of Abu Sufyan?" ]
{ "text": [ "Hind" ], "answer_start": [ 879 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107698
571aa1474faf5e1900b8ab60
Umayyad_Caliphate
While the Umayyads and the Hashimites may have had bitterness between the two clans before Muhammad, the rivalry turned into a severe case of tribal animosity after the Battle of Badr. The battle saw three top leaders of the Umayyad clan (Utba ibn Rabi'ah, Walid ibn Utbah and Shaybah) killed by Hashimites (Ali, Hamza i...
Who was the son of Abu Sufyan?
Who was the son of Abu Sufyan?
[ "Who was the son of Abu Sufyan?" ]
{ "text": [ "Muawiyah I" ], "answer_start": [ 1292 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-107699
5acf818077cf76001a685032
Umayyad_Caliphate
While the Umayyads and the Hashimites may have had bitterness between the two clans before Muhammad, the rivalry turned into a severe case of tribal animosity after the Battle of Badr. The battle saw three top leaders of the Umayyad clan (Utba ibn Rabi'ah, Walid ibn Utbah and Shaybah) killed by Hashimites (Ali, Hamza i...
How many top leaders of the Umayyads survived the Battle of Badr?
How many top leaders of the Umayyads survived the Battle of Badr?
[ "How many top leaders of the Umayyads survived the Battle of Badr?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }