gem_id
stringlengths 20
25
| id
stringlengths 24
24
| title
stringlengths 3
59
| context
stringlengths 151
3.71k
| question
stringlengths 1
270
| target
stringlengths 1
270
| references
list | answers
dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gem-squad_v2-train-108300
|
5acd20ca07355d001abf35f7
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
When aspirated consonants are doubled or geminated, the stop is held longer and then has an aspirated release. An aspirated affricate consists of a stop, fricative, and aspirated release. A doubled aspirated affricate has a longer hold in the stop portion and then has a release consisting of the fricative and aspiration.
|
What consists of a stop, fricative, and unaspirated release?
|
What consists of a stop, fricative, and unaspirated release?
|
[
"What consists of a stop, fricative, and unaspirated release?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108301
|
5acd20ca07355d001abf35f8
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
When aspirated consonants are doubled or geminated, the stop is held longer and then has an aspirated release. An aspirated affricate consists of a stop, fricative, and aspirated release. A doubled aspirated affricate has a longer hold in the stop portion and then has a release consisting of the fricative and aspiration.
|
A tripled aspirated affricate has a longer what?
|
A tripled aspirated affricate has a longer what?
|
[
"A tripled aspirated affricate has a longer what?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108302
|
56e06783231d4119001ac0a9
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Icelandic and Faroese have preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk]; some scholars interpret these as consonant clusters as well. In Icelandic, preaspirated stops contrast with double stops and single stops:
|
What two languages mentioned have have preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk]?
|
What two languages mentioned have have preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk]?
|
[
"What two languages mentioned have have preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk]?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Icelandic and Faroese"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108303
|
56e06783231d4119001ac0aa
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Icelandic and Faroese have preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk]; some scholars interpret these as consonant clusters as well. In Icelandic, preaspirated stops contrast with double stops and single stops:
|
What do scholars say the preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk] are too?
|
What do scholars say the preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk] are too?
|
[
"What do scholars say the preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk] are too?"
] |
{
"text": [
"consonant clusters"
],
"answer_start": [
85
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108304
|
56e06783231d4119001ac0ab
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Icelandic and Faroese have preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk]; some scholars interpret these as consonant clusters as well. In Icelandic, preaspirated stops contrast with double stops and single stops:
|
What do preaspirated stops contrast with in Icelandic?
|
What do preaspirated stops contrast with in Icelandic?
|
[
"What do preaspirated stops contrast with in Icelandic?"
] |
{
"text": [
"double stops and single stops"
],
"answer_start": [
160
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108305
|
5acd219c07355d001abf3612
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Icelandic and Faroese have preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk]; some scholars interpret these as consonant clusters as well. In Icelandic, preaspirated stops contrast with double stops and single stops:
|
What stops contrast with triple and single stops?
|
What stops contrast with triple and single stops?
|
[
"What stops contrast with triple and single stops?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108306
|
5acd219c07355d001abf3613
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Icelandic and Faroese have preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk]; some scholars interpret these as consonant clusters as well. In Icelandic, preaspirated stops contrast with double stops and single stops:
|
Icelandic and English have preaspirated what?
|
Icelandic and English have preaspirated what?
|
[
"Icelandic and English have preaspirated what?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108307
|
5acd219c07355d001abf3614
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Icelandic and Faroese have preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk]; some scholars interpret these as consonant clusters as well. In Icelandic, preaspirated stops contrast with double stops and single stops:
|
Aspirated stops contrast with what?
|
Aspirated stops contrast with what?
|
[
"Aspirated stops contrast with what?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108308
|
5acd219c07355d001abf3615
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Icelandic and Faroese have preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk]; some scholars interpret these as consonant clusters as well. In Icelandic, preaspirated stops contrast with double stops and single stops:
|
In Faroese, preaspirated stops contrast with what?
|
In Faroese, preaspirated stops contrast with what?
|
[
"In Faroese, preaspirated stops contrast with what?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108309
|
5acd219c07355d001abf3616
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Icelandic and Faroese have preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk]; some scholars interpret these as consonant clusters as well. In Icelandic, preaspirated stops contrast with double stops and single stops:
|
Symbol clusters exists in which two languages?
|
Symbol clusters exists in which two languages?
|
[
"Symbol clusters exists in which two languages?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108310
|
56e06851231d4119001ac0b5
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Preaspirated stops also occur in most Sami languages; for example, in North Sami, the unvoiced stop and affricate phonemes /p/, /t/, /ts/, /tʃ/, /k/ are pronounced preaspirated ([ʰp], [ʰt] [ʰts], [ʰtʃ], [ʰk]) when they occur in medial or final position.
|
The Sami tongue also has what?
|
The Sami tongue also has what?
|
[
"The Sami tongue also has what?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Preaspirated stops"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108311
|
56e06851231d4119001ac0b6
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Preaspirated stops also occur in most Sami languages; for example, in North Sami, the unvoiced stop and affricate phonemes /p/, /t/, /ts/, /tʃ/, /k/ are pronounced preaspirated ([ʰp], [ʰt] [ʰts], [ʰtʃ], [ʰk]) when they occur in medial or final position.
|
Which Sami tongue has unvoiced stop and affricate phonemes pronounced preaspirated?
|
Which Sami tongue has unvoiced stop and affricate phonemes pronounced preaspirated?
|
[
"Which Sami tongue has unvoiced stop and affricate phonemes pronounced preaspirated?"
] |
{
"text": [
"North Sami"
],
"answer_start": [
70
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108312
|
5acd225107355d001abf3630
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Preaspirated stops also occur in most Sami languages; for example, in North Sami, the unvoiced stop and affricate phonemes /p/, /t/, /ts/, /tʃ/, /k/ are pronounced preaspirated ([ʰp], [ʰt] [ʰts], [ʰtʃ], [ʰk]) when they occur in medial or final position.
|
Unaspirated stops occur in which languages?
|
Unaspirated stops occur in which languages?
|
[
"Unaspirated stops occur in which languages?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108313
|
5acd225107355d001abf3631
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Preaspirated stops also occur in most Sami languages; for example, in North Sami, the unvoiced stop and affricate phonemes /p/, /t/, /ts/, /tʃ/, /k/ are pronounced preaspirated ([ʰp], [ʰt] [ʰts], [ʰtʃ], [ʰk]) when they occur in medial or final position.
|
What occurs in the medial or start position?
|
What occurs in the medial or start position?
|
[
"What occurs in the medial or start position?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108314
|
5acd225107355d001abf3632
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Preaspirated stops also occur in most Sami languages; for example, in North Sami, the unvoiced stop and affricate phonemes /p/, /t/, /ts/, /tʃ/, /k/ are pronounced preaspirated ([ʰp], [ʰt] [ʰts], [ʰtʃ], [ʰk]) when they occur in medial or final position.
|
The voiced stop and affricate phonemes occur in what position?
|
The voiced stop and affricate phonemes occur in what position?
|
[
"The voiced stop and affricate phonemes occur in what position?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108315
|
5acd225107355d001abf3633
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Preaspirated stops also occur in most Sami languages; for example, in North Sami, the unvoiced stop and affricate phonemes /p/, /t/, /ts/, /tʃ/, /k/ are pronounced preaspirated ([ʰp], [ʰt] [ʰts], [ʰtʃ], [ʰk]) when they occur in medial or final position.
|
What are pronounced unaspirated?
|
What are pronounced unaspirated?
|
[
"What are pronounced unaspirated?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108316
|
5acd225107355d001abf3634
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Preaspirated stops also occur in most Sami languages; for example, in North Sami, the unvoiced stop and affricate phonemes /p/, /t/, /ts/, /tʃ/, /k/ are pronounced preaspirated ([ʰp], [ʰt] [ʰts], [ʰtʃ], [ʰk]) when they occur in medial or final position.
|
In South Sami what are pronounced preaspirated?
|
In South Sami what are pronounced preaspirated?
|
[
"In South Sami what are pronounced preaspirated?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108317
|
56e06908231d4119001ac0c4
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Although most aspirated obstruents in the world's language are stops and affricates, aspirated fricatives such as [sʰ], [fʰ] or [ɕʰ] have been documented in Korean, in a few Tibeto-Burman languages, in some Oto-Manguean languages, and in the Siouan language Ofo. Some languages, such as Choni Tibetan, have up to four contrastive aspirated fricatives [sʰ] [ɕʰ], [ʂʰ] and [xʰ].
|
How many contrastive aspirated fricatives does Choni Tibetan have?
|
How many contrastive aspirated fricatives does Choni Tibetan have?
|
[
"How many contrastive aspirated fricatives does Choni Tibetan have?"
] |
{
"text": [
"up to four"
],
"answer_start": [
307
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108318
|
5acd233607355d001abf366a
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Although most aspirated obstruents in the world's language are stops and affricates, aspirated fricatives such as [sʰ], [fʰ] or [ɕʰ] have been documented in Korean, in a few Tibeto-Burman languages, in some Oto-Manguean languages, and in the Siouan language Ofo. Some languages, such as Choni Tibetan, have up to four contrastive aspirated fricatives [sʰ] [ɕʰ], [ʂʰ] and [xʰ].
|
Unaspirated fricatives have been documented in which language?
|
Unaspirated fricatives have been documented in which language?
|
[
"Unaspirated fricatives have been documented in which language?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108319
|
5acd233607355d001abf366b
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Although most aspirated obstruents in the world's language are stops and affricates, aspirated fricatives such as [sʰ], [fʰ] or [ɕʰ] have been documented in Korean, in a few Tibeto-Burman languages, in some Oto-Manguean languages, and in the Siouan language Ofo. Some languages, such as Choni Tibetan, have up to four contrastive aspirated fricatives [sʰ] [ɕʰ], [ʂʰ] and [xʰ].
|
Which language has up to five contrastive aspirated fricatives?
|
Which language has up to five contrastive aspirated fricatives?
|
[
"Which language has up to five contrastive aspirated fricatives?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108320
|
5acd233607355d001abf366c
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Although most aspirated obstruents in the world's language are stops and affricates, aspirated fricatives such as [sʰ], [fʰ] or [ɕʰ] have been documented in Korean, in a few Tibeto-Burman languages, in some Oto-Manguean languages, and in the Siouan language Ofo. Some languages, such as Choni Tibetan, have up to four contrastive aspirated fricatives [sʰ] [ɕʰ], [ʂʰ] and [xʰ].
|
Most unaspirated obstruents are what?
|
Most unaspirated obstruents are what?
|
[
"Most unaspirated obstruents are what?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108321
|
5acd233607355d001abf366d
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Although most aspirated obstruents in the world's language are stops and affricates, aspirated fricatives such as [sʰ], [fʰ] or [ɕʰ] have been documented in Korean, in a few Tibeto-Burman languages, in some Oto-Manguean languages, and in the Siouan language Ofo. Some languages, such as Choni Tibetan, have up to four contrastive aspirated fricatives [sʰ] [ɕʰ], [ʂʰ] and [xʰ].
|
The Siouan language Ofo has how many contrastive aspirated fricatives?
|
The Siouan language Ofo has how many contrastive aspirated fricatives?
|
[
"The Siouan language Ofo has how many contrastive aspirated fricatives?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108322
|
5acd233607355d001abf366e
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Although most aspirated obstruents in the world's language are stops and affricates, aspirated fricatives such as [sʰ], [fʰ] or [ɕʰ] have been documented in Korean, in a few Tibeto-Burman languages, in some Oto-Manguean languages, and in the Siouan language Ofo. Some languages, such as Choni Tibetan, have up to four contrastive aspirated fricatives [sʰ] [ɕʰ], [ʂʰ] and [xʰ].
|
Choni Tibetan has how many unaspirated fricatives?
|
Choni Tibetan has how many unaspirated fricatives?
|
[
"Choni Tibetan has how many unaspirated fricatives?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108323
|
56e069f0231d4119001ac0d1
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
True aspirated voiced consonants, as opposed to murmured (breathy-voice) consonants such as the [bʱ], [dʱ], [ɡʱ] that are common in the languages of India, are extremely rare. They have been documented in Kelabit Taa, and the Kx'a languages. Reported aspirated voiced stops, affricates and clicks are [b͡pʰ, d͡tʰ, d͡tsʰ, d͡tʃʰ, ɡ͡kʰ, ɢ͡qʰ, ᶢʘʰ, ᶢǀʰ, ᶢǁʰ, ᶢǃʰ, ᶢǂʰ].
|
Indian languages commonly have murmured consonants instead of what?
|
Indian languages commonly have murmured consonants instead of what?
|
[
"Indian languages commonly have murmured consonants instead of what?"
] |
{
"text": [
"True aspirated voiced consonants"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108324
|
56e069f0231d4119001ac0d2
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
True aspirated voiced consonants, as opposed to murmured (breathy-voice) consonants such as the [bʱ], [dʱ], [ɡʱ] that are common in the languages of India, are extremely rare. They have been documented in Kelabit Taa, and the Kx'a languages. Reported aspirated voiced stops, affricates and clicks are [b͡pʰ, d͡tʰ, d͡tsʰ, d͡tʃʰ, ɡ͡kʰ, ɢ͡qʰ, ᶢʘʰ, ᶢǀʰ, ᶢǁʰ, ᶢǃʰ, ᶢǂʰ].
|
True aspirated consonants are considered what?
|
True aspirated consonants are considered what?
|
[
"True aspirated consonants are considered what?"
] |
{
"text": [
"rare"
],
"answer_start": [
170
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108325
|
56e069f0231d4119001ac0d3
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
True aspirated voiced consonants, as opposed to murmured (breathy-voice) consonants such as the [bʱ], [dʱ], [ɡʱ] that are common in the languages of India, are extremely rare. They have been documented in Kelabit Taa, and the Kx'a languages. Reported aspirated voiced stops, affricates and clicks are [b͡pʰ, d͡tʰ, d͡tsʰ, d͡tʃʰ, ɡ͡kʰ, ɢ͡qʰ, ᶢʘʰ, ᶢǀʰ, ᶢǁʰ, ᶢǃʰ, ᶢǂʰ].
|
True aspirated consonants have been found in Kelabit Taa and what else?
|
True aspirated consonants have been found in Kelabit Taa and what else?
|
[
"True aspirated consonants have been found in Kelabit Taa and what else?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Kx'a languages"
],
"answer_start": [
226
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108326
|
5acd242407355d001abf3690
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
True aspirated voiced consonants, as opposed to murmured (breathy-voice) consonants such as the [bʱ], [dʱ], [ɡʱ] that are common in the languages of India, are extremely rare. They have been documented in Kelabit Taa, and the Kx'a languages. Reported aspirated voiced stops, affricates and clicks are [b͡pʰ, d͡tʰ, d͡tsʰ, d͡tʃʰ, ɡ͡kʰ, ɢ͡qʰ, ᶢʘʰ, ᶢǀʰ, ᶢǁʰ, ᶢǃʰ, ᶢǂʰ].
|
Are truly unaspirated voiceless consonants common or rare?
|
Are truly unaspirated voiceless consonants common or rare?
|
[
"Are truly unaspirated voiceless consonants common or rare?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108327
|
5acd242407355d001abf3691
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
True aspirated voiced consonants, as opposed to murmured (breathy-voice) consonants such as the [bʱ], [dʱ], [ɡʱ] that are common in the languages of India, are extremely rare. They have been documented in Kelabit Taa, and the Kx'a languages. Reported aspirated voiced stops, affricates and clicks are [b͡pʰ, d͡tʰ, d͡tsʰ, d͡tʃʰ, ɡ͡kʰ, ɢ͡qʰ, ᶢʘʰ, ᶢǀʰ, ᶢǁʰ, ᶢǃʰ, ᶢǂʰ].
|
What is common in the language of English?
|
What is common in the language of English?
|
[
"What is common in the language of English?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108328
|
5acd242407355d001abf3692
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
True aspirated voiced consonants, as opposed to murmured (breathy-voice) consonants such as the [bʱ], [dʱ], [ɡʱ] that are common in the languages of India, are extremely rare. They have been documented in Kelabit Taa, and the Kx'a languages. Reported aspirated voiced stops, affricates and clicks are [b͡pʰ, d͡tʰ, d͡tsʰ, d͡tʃʰ, ɡ͡kʰ, ɢ͡qʰ, ᶢʘʰ, ᶢǀʰ, ᶢǁʰ, ᶢǃʰ, ᶢǂʰ].
|
Murmured consonants are uncommon in which language of which country?
|
Murmured consonants are uncommon in which language of which country?
|
[
"Murmured consonants are uncommon in which language of which country?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108329
|
5acd242407355d001abf3693
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
True aspirated voiced consonants, as opposed to murmured (breathy-voice) consonants such as the [bʱ], [dʱ], [ɡʱ] that are common in the languages of India, are extremely rare. They have been documented in Kelabit Taa, and the Kx'a languages. Reported aspirated voiced stops, affricates and clicks are [b͡pʰ, d͡tʰ, d͡tsʰ, d͡tʃʰ, ɡ͡kʰ, ɢ͡qʰ, ᶢʘʰ, ᶢǀʰ, ᶢǁʰ, ᶢǃʰ, ᶢǂʰ].
|
What has been documented in Kelabit Taa, and the Kx'a languages?
|
What has been documented in Kelabit Taa, and the Kx'a languages?
|
[
"What has been documented in Kelabit Taa, and the Kx'a languages?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108330
|
5acd242407355d001abf3694
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
True aspirated voiced consonants, as opposed to murmured (breathy-voice) consonants such as the [bʱ], [dʱ], [ɡʱ] that are common in the languages of India, are extremely rare. They have been documented in Kelabit Taa, and the Kx'a languages. Reported aspirated voiced stops, affricates and clicks are [b͡pʰ, d͡tʰ, d͡tsʰ, d͡tʃʰ, ɡ͡kʰ, ɢ͡qʰ, ᶢʘʰ, ᶢǀʰ, ᶢǁʰ, ᶢǃʰ, ᶢǂʰ].
|
True aspirated voice consonants are common in which country?
|
True aspirated voice consonants are common in which country?
|
[
"True aspirated voice consonants are common in which country?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108331
|
56e06a517aa994140058e479
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Aspiration has varying significance in different languages. It is either allophonic or phonemic, and may be analyzed as an underlying consonant cluster.
|
What has a different significance in various languages?
|
What has a different significance in various languages?
|
[
"What has a different significance in various languages?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Aspiration"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108332
|
56e06a517aa994140058e47a
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Aspiration has varying significance in different languages. It is either allophonic or phonemic, and may be analyzed as an underlying consonant cluster.
|
What two forms can aspiration be in?
|
What two forms can aspiration be in?
|
[
"What two forms can aspiration be in?"
] |
{
"text": [
"allophonic or phonemic"
],
"answer_start": [
73
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108333
|
5acd25e607355d001abf36d0
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Aspiration has varying significance in different languages. It is either allophonic or phonemic, and may be analyzed as an underlying consonant cluster.
|
What may be analyzed as an underlying symbol cluster?
|
What may be analyzed as an underlying symbol cluster?
|
[
"What may be analyzed as an underlying symbol cluster?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108334
|
5acd25e607355d001abf36d1
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Aspiration has varying significance in different languages. It is either allophonic or phonemic, and may be analyzed as an underlying consonant cluster.
|
Aspiration can differ in which two languages?
|
Aspiration can differ in which two languages?
|
[
"Aspiration can differ in which two languages?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108335
|
5acd25e607355d001abf36d2
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Aspiration has varying significance in different languages. It is either allophonic or phonemic, and may be analyzed as an underlying consonant cluster.
|
Unaspiration has varying significance in what?
|
Unaspiration has varying significance in what?
|
[
"Unaspiration has varying significance in what?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108336
|
5acd25e607355d001abf36d3
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Aspiration has varying significance in different languages. It is either allophonic or phonemic, and may be analyzed as an underlying consonant cluster.
|
What may be analyzed as an underlying phonemic cluster?
|
What may be analyzed as an underlying phonemic cluster?
|
[
"What may be analyzed as an underlying phonemic cluster?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108337
|
5acd25e607355d001abf36d4
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Aspiration has varying significance in different languages. It is either allophonic or phonemic, and may be analyzed as an underlying consonant cluster.
|
What is either allophonic or a cluster?
|
What is either allophonic or a cluster?
|
[
"What is either allophonic or a cluster?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108338
|
56e06ab2231d4119001ac0dd
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In some languages, such as English, aspiration is allophonic. Stops are distinguished primarily by voicing, and voiceless stops are sometimes aspirated, while voiced stops are usually unaspirated.
|
Aspiration is what, in English and some other languages?
|
Aspiration is what, in English and some other languages?
|
[
"Aspiration is what, in English and some other languages?"
] |
{
"text": [
"allophonic"
],
"answer_start": [
50
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108339
|
56e06ab2231d4119001ac0de
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In some languages, such as English, aspiration is allophonic. Stops are distinguished primarily by voicing, and voiceless stops are sometimes aspirated, while voiced stops are usually unaspirated.
|
How are stops distinguished?
|
How are stops distinguished?
|
[
"How are stops distinguished?"
] |
{
"text": [
"voicing"
],
"answer_start": [
99
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108340
|
56e06ab2231d4119001ac0df
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In some languages, such as English, aspiration is allophonic. Stops are distinguished primarily by voicing, and voiceless stops are sometimes aspirated, while voiced stops are usually unaspirated.
|
Voiceless stops are at times what?
|
Voiceless stops are at times what?
|
[
"Voiceless stops are at times what?"
] |
{
"text": [
"aspirated"
],
"answer_start": [
142
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108341
|
56e06ab2231d4119001ac0e0
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In some languages, such as English, aspiration is allophonic. Stops are distinguished primarily by voicing, and voiceless stops are sometimes aspirated, while voiced stops are usually unaspirated.
|
Voiced stops are most often what?
|
Voiced stops are most often what?
|
[
"Voiced stops are most often what?"
] |
{
"text": [
"unaspirated"
],
"answer_start": [
184
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108342
|
5acd269407355d001abf36e2
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In some languages, such as English, aspiration is allophonic. Stops are distinguished primarily by voicing, and voiceless stops are sometimes aspirated, while voiced stops are usually unaspirated.
|
In what language in unaspiration allophonic?
|
In what language in unaspiration allophonic?
|
[
"In what language in unaspiration allophonic?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108343
|
5acd269407355d001abf36e3
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In some languages, such as English, aspiration is allophonic. Stops are distinguished primarily by voicing, and voiceless stops are sometimes aspirated, while voiced stops are usually unaspirated.
|
Voiceless languages are sometimes what?
|
Voiceless languages are sometimes what?
|
[
"Voiceless languages are sometimes what?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108344
|
5acd269407355d001abf36e4
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In some languages, such as English, aspiration is allophonic. Stops are distinguished primarily by voicing, and voiceless stops are sometimes aspirated, while voiced stops are usually unaspirated.
|
Symbols are distinguished primarily by what?
|
Symbols are distinguished primarily by what?
|
[
"Symbols are distinguished primarily by what?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108345
|
5acd269407355d001abf36e5
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In some languages, such as English, aspiration is allophonic. Stops are distinguished primarily by voicing, and voiceless stops are sometimes aspirated, while voiced stops are usually unaspirated.
|
Voiced breaths are usually what?
|
Voiced breaths are usually what?
|
[
"Voiced breaths are usually what?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108346
|
5acd269407355d001abf36e6
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In some languages, such as English, aspiration is allophonic. Stops are distinguished primarily by voicing, and voiceless stops are sometimes aspirated, while voiced stops are usually unaspirated.
|
What are sometimes allophonic?
|
What are sometimes allophonic?
|
[
"What are sometimes allophonic?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108347
|
56e06b78231d4119001ac0e5
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
They are unaspirated for almost all speakers when immediately following word-initial s, as in spill, still, skill. After an s elsewhere in a word they are normally unaspirated as well, except sometimes in compound words. When the consonants in a cluster like st are analyzed as belonging to different morphemes (heteromorphemic) the stop is aspirated, but when they are analyzed as belonging to one morpheme the stop is unaspirated.[citation needed] For instance, distend has unaspirated [t] since it is not analyzed as two morphemes, but distaste has an aspirated middle [tʰ] because it is analyzed as dis- + taste and the word taste has an aspirated initial t.
|
When following a word such as spill, they are what for most speakers?
|
When following a word such as spill, they are what for most speakers?
|
[
"When following a word such as spill, they are what for most speakers?"
] |
{
"text": [
"unaspirated"
],
"answer_start": [
9
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108348
|
56e06b78231d4119001ac0e6
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
They are unaspirated for almost all speakers when immediately following word-initial s, as in spill, still, skill. After an s elsewhere in a word they are normally unaspirated as well, except sometimes in compound words. When the consonants in a cluster like st are analyzed as belonging to different morphemes (heteromorphemic) the stop is aspirated, but when they are analyzed as belonging to one morpheme the stop is unaspirated.[citation needed] For instance, distend has unaspirated [t] since it is not analyzed as two morphemes, but distaste has an aspirated middle [tʰ] because it is analyzed as dis- + taste and the word taste has an aspirated initial t.
|
If the letter s is a different place in the word, it is typical unaspirated unless the word is what?
|
If the letter s is a different place in the word, it is typical unaspirated unless the word is what?
|
[
"If the letter s is a different place in the word, it is typical unaspirated unless the word is what?"
] |
{
"text": [
"compound words"
],
"answer_start": [
205
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108349
|
56e06b78231d4119001ac0e7
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
They are unaspirated for almost all speakers when immediately following word-initial s, as in spill, still, skill. After an s elsewhere in a word they are normally unaspirated as well, except sometimes in compound words. When the consonants in a cluster like st are analyzed as belonging to different morphemes (heteromorphemic) the stop is aspirated, but when they are analyzed as belonging to one morpheme the stop is unaspirated.[citation needed] For instance, distend has unaspirated [t] since it is not analyzed as two morphemes, but distaste has an aspirated middle [tʰ] because it is analyzed as dis- + taste and the word taste has an aspirated initial t.
|
If there is a cluster such as st and it belongs to different morphemes, the stop is what?
|
If there is a cluster such as st and it belongs to different morphemes, the stop is what?
|
[
"If there is a cluster such as st and it belongs to different morphemes, the stop is what?"
] |
{
"text": [
"aspirated"
],
"answer_start": [
11
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108350
|
56e06b78231d4119001ac0e8
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
They are unaspirated for almost all speakers when immediately following word-initial s, as in spill, still, skill. After an s elsewhere in a word they are normally unaspirated as well, except sometimes in compound words. When the consonants in a cluster like st are analyzed as belonging to different morphemes (heteromorphemic) the stop is aspirated, but when they are analyzed as belonging to one morpheme the stop is unaspirated.[citation needed] For instance, distend has unaspirated [t] since it is not analyzed as two morphemes, but distaste has an aspirated middle [tʰ] because it is analyzed as dis- + taste and the word taste has an aspirated initial t.
|
If the st belongs to one morpheme, then the stop is what?
|
If the st belongs to one morpheme, then the stop is what?
|
[
"If the st belongs to one morpheme, then the stop is what?"
] |
{
"text": [
"unaspirated"
],
"answer_start": [
9
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108351
|
5acd27b607355d001abf3724
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
They are unaspirated for almost all speakers when immediately following word-initial s, as in spill, still, skill. After an s elsewhere in a word they are normally unaspirated as well, except sometimes in compound words. When the consonants in a cluster like st are analyzed as belonging to different morphemes (heteromorphemic) the stop is aspirated, but when they are analyzed as belonging to one morpheme the stop is unaspirated.[citation needed] For instance, distend has unaspirated [t] since it is not analyzed as two morphemes, but distaste has an aspirated middle [tʰ] because it is analyzed as dis- + taste and the word taste has an aspirated initial t.
|
What is unaspirated since it is not analyzed as three morphemes?
|
What is unaspirated since it is not analyzed as three morphemes?
|
[
"What is unaspirated since it is not analyzed as three morphemes?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108352
|
5acd27b607355d001abf3725
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
They are unaspirated for almost all speakers when immediately following word-initial s, as in spill, still, skill. After an s elsewhere in a word they are normally unaspirated as well, except sometimes in compound words. When the consonants in a cluster like st are analyzed as belonging to different morphemes (heteromorphemic) the stop is aspirated, but when they are analyzed as belonging to one morpheme the stop is unaspirated.[citation needed] For instance, distend has unaspirated [t] since it is not analyzed as two morphemes, but distaste has an aspirated middle [tʰ] because it is analyzed as dis- + taste and the word taste has an aspirated initial t.
|
What word-initial is aspirated for almost all speakers?
|
What word-initial is aspirated for almost all speakers?
|
[
"What word-initial is aspirated for almost all speakers?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108353
|
5acd27b607355d001abf3726
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
They are unaspirated for almost all speakers when immediately following word-initial s, as in spill, still, skill. After an s elsewhere in a word they are normally unaspirated as well, except sometimes in compound words. When the consonants in a cluster like st are analyzed as belonging to different morphemes (heteromorphemic) the stop is aspirated, but when they are analyzed as belonging to one morpheme the stop is unaspirated.[citation needed] For instance, distend has unaspirated [t] since it is not analyzed as two morphemes, but distaste has an aspirated middle [tʰ] because it is analyzed as dis- + taste and the word taste has an aspirated initial t.
|
When is the consonant unaspirated?
|
When is the consonant unaspirated?
|
[
"When is the consonant unaspirated?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108354
|
5acd27b607355d001abf3727
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
They are unaspirated for almost all speakers when immediately following word-initial s, as in spill, still, skill. After an s elsewhere in a word they are normally unaspirated as well, except sometimes in compound words. When the consonants in a cluster like st are analyzed as belonging to different morphemes (heteromorphemic) the stop is aspirated, but when they are analyzed as belonging to one morpheme the stop is unaspirated.[citation needed] For instance, distend has unaspirated [t] since it is not analyzed as two morphemes, but distaste has an aspirated middle [tʰ] because it is analyzed as dis- + taste and the word taste has an aspirated initial t.
|
Distaste has an unaspirated middle why?
|
Distaste has an unaspirated middle why?
|
[
"Distaste has an unaspirated middle why?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108355
|
5acd27b607355d001abf3728
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
They are unaspirated for almost all speakers when immediately following word-initial s, as in spill, still, skill. After an s elsewhere in a word they are normally unaspirated as well, except sometimes in compound words. When the consonants in a cluster like st are analyzed as belonging to different morphemes (heteromorphemic) the stop is aspirated, but when they are analyzed as belonging to one morpheme the stop is unaspirated.[citation needed] For instance, distend has unaspirated [t] since it is not analyzed as two morphemes, but distaste has an aspirated middle [tʰ] because it is analyzed as dis- + taste and the word taste has an aspirated initial t.
|
After a k elsewhere in a word they are normally what?
|
After a k elsewhere in a word they are normally what?
|
[
"After a k elsewhere in a word they are normally what?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108356
|
56e06bd2231d4119001ac0ed
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In many languages, such as Armenian, Korean, Thai, Indo-Aryan languages, Dravidian languages, Icelandic, Ancient Greek, and the varieties of Chinese, tenuis and aspirated consonants are phonemic. Unaspirated consonants like [p˭ s˭] and aspirated consonants like [pʰ ʰp sʰ] are separate phonemes, and words are distinguished by whether they have one or the other.
|
In languages like Thai and Icelandic, tenuis and aspirated consonants are what?
|
In languages like Thai and Icelandic, tenuis and aspirated consonants are what?
|
[
"In languages like Thai and Icelandic, tenuis and aspirated consonants are what?"
] |
{
"text": [
"phonemic"
],
"answer_start": [
186
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108357
|
56e06bd2231d4119001ac0ee
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In many languages, such as Armenian, Korean, Thai, Indo-Aryan languages, Dravidian languages, Icelandic, Ancient Greek, and the varieties of Chinese, tenuis and aspirated consonants are phonemic. Unaspirated consonants like [p˭ s˭] and aspirated consonants like [pʰ ʰp sʰ] are separate phonemes, and words are distinguished by whether they have one or the other.
|
[p˭ s˭] and [pʰ ʰp sʰ] are separate what?
|
[p˭ s˭] and [pʰ ʰp sʰ] are separate what?
|
[
"[p˭ s˭] and [pʰ ʰp sʰ] are separate what?"
] |
{
"text": [
"phonemes"
],
"answer_start": [
286
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108358
|
5acd287307355d001abf3736
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In many languages, such as Armenian, Korean, Thai, Indo-Aryan languages, Dravidian languages, Icelandic, Ancient Greek, and the varieties of Chinese, tenuis and aspirated consonants are phonemic. Unaspirated consonants like [p˭ s˭] and aspirated consonants like [pʰ ʰp sʰ] are separate phonemes, and words are distinguished by whether they have one or the other.
|
In the Armenian language, tenuis and unaspirated stops are what?
|
In the Armenian language, tenuis and unaspirated stops are what?
|
[
"In the Armenian language, tenuis and unaspirated stops are what?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108359
|
5acd287307355d001abf3737
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In many languages, such as Armenian, Korean, Thai, Indo-Aryan languages, Dravidian languages, Icelandic, Ancient Greek, and the varieties of Chinese, tenuis and aspirated consonants are phonemic. Unaspirated consonants like [p˭ s˭] and aspirated consonants like [pʰ ʰp sʰ] are separate phonemes, and words are distinguished by whether they have one or the other.
|
What makes up combined phonemes?
|
What makes up combined phonemes?
|
[
"What makes up combined phonemes?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108360
|
5acd287307355d001abf3738
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In many languages, such as Armenian, Korean, Thai, Indo-Aryan languages, Dravidian languages, Icelandic, Ancient Greek, and the varieties of Chinese, tenuis and aspirated consonants are phonemic. Unaspirated consonants like [p˭ s˭] and aspirated consonants like [pʰ ʰp sʰ] are separate phonemes, and words are distinguished by whether they have one or the other.
|
Sentences are distinguished by what?
|
Sentences are distinguished by what?
|
[
"Sentences are distinguished by what?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108361
|
5acd287307355d001abf3739
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In many languages, such as Armenian, Korean, Thai, Indo-Aryan languages, Dravidian languages, Icelandic, Ancient Greek, and the varieties of Chinese, tenuis and aspirated consonants are phonemic. Unaspirated consonants like [p˭ s˭] and aspirated consonants like [pʰ ʰp sʰ] are separate phonemes, and words are distinguished by whether they have one or the other.
|
In the English language, tenuis and aspirated consonants are what?
|
In the English language, tenuis and aspirated consonants are what?
|
[
"In the English language, tenuis and aspirated consonants are what?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108362
|
5acd287307355d001abf373a
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In many languages, such as Armenian, Korean, Thai, Indo-Aryan languages, Dravidian languages, Icelandic, Ancient Greek, and the varieties of Chinese, tenuis and aspirated consonants are phonemic. Unaspirated consonants like [p˭ s˭] and aspirated consonants like [pʰ ʰp sʰ] are separate phonemes, and words are distinguished by whether they have one or the other.
|
An example of an unaspirated stop is?
|
An example of an unaspirated stop is?
|
[
"An example of an unaspirated stop is?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108363
|
56e06c697aa994140058e493
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In Danish and most southern varieties of German, the "lenis" consonants transcribed for historical reasons as ⟨b d ɡ⟩ are distinguished from their fortis counterparts ⟨p t k⟩, mainly in their lack of aspiration.
|
How are lenis consonants distinguished from fortis consonants?
|
How are lenis consonants distinguished from fortis consonants?
|
[
"How are lenis consonants distinguished from fortis consonants?"
] |
{
"text": [
"their lack of aspiration"
],
"answer_start": [
186
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108364
|
56e06c697aa994140058e494
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In Danish and most southern varieties of German, the "lenis" consonants transcribed for historical reasons as ⟨b d ɡ⟩ are distinguished from their fortis counterparts ⟨p t k⟩, mainly in their lack of aspiration.
|
If the lenis are ⟨b d ɡ⟩, what are the fortis counterparts?
|
If the lenis are ⟨b d ɡ⟩, what are the fortis counterparts?
|
[
"If the lenis are ⟨b d ɡ⟩, what are the fortis counterparts?"
] |
{
"text": [
"⟨p t k⟩"
],
"answer_start": [
167
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108365
|
5acd293a07355d001abf3754
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In Danish and most southern varieties of German, the "lenis" consonants transcribed for historical reasons as ⟨b d ɡ⟩ are distinguished from their fortis counterparts ⟨p t k⟩, mainly in their lack of aspiration.
|
What is often transcribed for numerical reasons?
|
What is often transcribed for numerical reasons?
|
[
"What is often transcribed for numerical reasons?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108366
|
5acd293a07355d001abf3755
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In Danish and most southern varieties of German, the "lenis" consonants transcribed for historical reasons as ⟨b d ɡ⟩ are distinguished from their fortis counterparts ⟨p t k⟩, mainly in their lack of aspiration.
|
In English, "lenis" consonants are know as what?
|
In English, "lenis" consonants are know as what?
|
[
"In English, \"lenis\" consonants are know as what?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108367
|
5acd293a07355d001abf3756
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In Danish and most southern varieties of German, the "lenis" consonants transcribed for historical reasons as ⟨b d ɡ⟩ are distinguished from their fortis counterparts ⟨p t k⟩, mainly in their lack of aspiration.
|
The "lenis" consonants are distinguished from their modern counterparts by what?
|
The "lenis" consonants are distinguished from their modern counterparts by what?
|
[
"The \"lenis\" consonants are distinguished from their modern counterparts by what?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108368
|
5acd293a07355d001abf3757
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In Danish and most southern varieties of German, the "lenis" consonants transcribed for historical reasons as ⟨b d ɡ⟩ are distinguished from their fortis counterparts ⟨p t k⟩, mainly in their lack of aspiration.
|
Fortis counterparts are known as what in the Spanish language?
|
Fortis counterparts are known as what in the Spanish language?
|
[
"Fortis counterparts are known as what in the Spanish language?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108369
|
5acd293a07355d001abf3758
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In Danish and most southern varieties of German, the "lenis" consonants transcribed for historical reasons as ⟨b d ɡ⟩ are distinguished from their fortis counterparts ⟨p t k⟩, mainly in their lack of aspiration.
|
Fortis counterparts are translated as what in the Chinese language?
|
Fortis counterparts are translated as what in the Chinese language?
|
[
"Fortis counterparts are translated as what in the Chinese language?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108370
|
56e06cd3231d4119001ac0fd
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Standard Chinese (Mandarin) has stops and affricates distinguished by aspiration: for instance, /t tʰ/, /t͡s t͡sʰ/. In pinyin, tenuis stops are written with letters that represent voiced consonants in English, and aspirated stops with letters that represent voiceless consonants. Thus d represents /t/, and t represents /tʰ/.
|
Mandarin has stops and affricates that are distinguished by what?
|
Mandarin has stops and affricates that are distinguished by what?
|
[
"Mandarin has stops and affricates that are distinguished by what?"
] |
{
"text": [
"aspiration"
],
"answer_start": [
70
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108371
|
56e06cd3231d4119001ac0fe
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Standard Chinese (Mandarin) has stops and affricates distinguished by aspiration: for instance, /t tʰ/, /t͡s t͡sʰ/. In pinyin, tenuis stops are written with letters that represent voiced consonants in English, and aspirated stops with letters that represent voiceless consonants. Thus d represents /t/, and t represents /tʰ/.
|
Tenuis stops have letters that are representative of English voiced consonant in what?
|
Tenuis stops have letters that are representative of English voiced consonant in what?
|
[
"Tenuis stops have letters that are representative of English voiced consonant in what?"
] |
{
"text": [
"pinyin"
],
"answer_start": [
119
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108372
|
56e06cd3231d4119001ac0ff
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Standard Chinese (Mandarin) has stops and affricates distinguished by aspiration: for instance, /t tʰ/, /t͡s t͡sʰ/. In pinyin, tenuis stops are written with letters that represent voiced consonants in English, and aspirated stops with letters that represent voiceless consonants. Thus d represents /t/, and t represents /tʰ/.
|
What kind of stops in pinyin are written with letters that representative of voiceless consonants?
|
What kind of stops in pinyin are written with letters that representative of voiceless consonants?
|
[
"What kind of stops in pinyin are written with letters that representative of voiceless consonants?"
] |
{
"text": [
"aspirated stops"
],
"answer_start": [
214
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108373
|
5acd29d707355d001abf3768
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Standard Chinese (Mandarin) has stops and affricates distinguished by aspiration: for instance, /t tʰ/, /t͡s t͡sʰ/. In pinyin, tenuis stops are written with letters that represent voiced consonants in English, and aspirated stops with letters that represent voiceless consonants. Thus d represents /t/, and t represents /tʰ/.
|
The English language has stops and affricates distinguished by what?
|
The English language has stops and affricates distinguished by what?
|
[
"The English language has stops and affricates distinguished by what?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108374
|
5acd29d707355d001abf3769
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Standard Chinese (Mandarin) has stops and affricates distinguished by aspiration: for instance, /t tʰ/, /t͡s t͡sʰ/. In pinyin, tenuis stops are written with letters that represent voiced consonants in English, and aspirated stops with letters that represent voiceless consonants. Thus d represents /t/, and t represents /tʰ/.
|
In pinyin, tenuis consonants are written how?
|
In pinyin, tenuis consonants are written how?
|
[
"In pinyin, tenuis consonants are written how?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108375
|
5acd29d707355d001abf376a
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Standard Chinese (Mandarin) has stops and affricates distinguished by aspiration: for instance, /t tʰ/, /t͡s t͡sʰ/. In pinyin, tenuis stops are written with letters that represent voiced consonants in English, and aspirated stops with letters that represent voiceless consonants. Thus d represents /t/, and t represents /tʰ/.
|
In pinyin, unaspirated stops are written how?
|
In pinyin, unaspirated stops are written how?
|
[
"In pinyin, unaspirated stops are written how?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108376
|
5acd29d707355d001abf376b
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Standard Chinese (Mandarin) has stops and affricates distinguished by aspiration: for instance, /t tʰ/, /t͡s t͡sʰ/. In pinyin, tenuis stops are written with letters that represent voiced consonants in English, and aspirated stops with letters that represent voiceless consonants. Thus d represents /t/, and t represents /tʰ/.
|
What is written with letter that represent voiced consonants?
|
What is written with letter that represent voiced consonants?
|
[
"What is written with letter that represent voiced consonants?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108377
|
5acd29d707355d001abf376c
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Standard Chinese (Mandarin) has stops and affricates distinguished by aspiration: for instance, /t tʰ/, /t͡s t͡sʰ/. In pinyin, tenuis stops are written with letters that represent voiced consonants in English, and aspirated stops with letters that represent voiceless consonants. Thus d represents /t/, and t represents /tʰ/.
|
What represents d?
|
What represents d?
|
[
"What represents d?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108378
|
56e06d44231d4119001ac103
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Wu Chinese has a three-way distinction in stops and affricates: /p pʰ b/. In addition to aspirated and unaspirated consonants, there is a series of muddy consonants, like /b/. These are pronounced with slack or breathy voice: that is, they are weakly voiced. Muddy consonants as initial cause a syllable to be pronounced with low pitch or light (陽 yáng) tone.
|
What has a three-way distinction in regards to stops and affricates?
|
What has a three-way distinction in regards to stops and affricates?
|
[
"What has a three-way distinction in regards to stops and affricates?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Wu Chinese"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108379
|
56e06d44231d4119001ac104
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Wu Chinese has a three-way distinction in stops and affricates: /p pʰ b/. In addition to aspirated and unaspirated consonants, there is a series of muddy consonants, like /b/. These are pronounced with slack or breathy voice: that is, they are weakly voiced. Muddy consonants as initial cause a syllable to be pronounced with low pitch or light (陽 yáng) tone.
|
What is the actual distinction for Wu Chinese?
|
What is the actual distinction for Wu Chinese?
|
[
"What is the actual distinction for Wu Chinese?"
] |
{
"text": [
"/p pʰ b/"
],
"answer_start": [
64
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108380
|
56e06d44231d4119001ac105
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Wu Chinese has a three-way distinction in stops and affricates: /p pʰ b/. In addition to aspirated and unaspirated consonants, there is a series of muddy consonants, like /b/. These are pronounced with slack or breathy voice: that is, they are weakly voiced. Muddy consonants as initial cause a syllable to be pronounced with low pitch or light (陽 yáng) tone.
|
What is /b/ representative of, in addition to aspirated and unaspirated consonants?
|
What is /b/ representative of, in addition to aspirated and unaspirated consonants?
|
[
"What is /b/ representative of, in addition to aspirated and unaspirated consonants?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Muddy consonants"
],
"answer_start": [
259
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108381
|
56e06d44231d4119001ac106
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Wu Chinese has a three-way distinction in stops and affricates: /p pʰ b/. In addition to aspirated and unaspirated consonants, there is a series of muddy consonants, like /b/. These are pronounced with slack or breathy voice: that is, they are weakly voiced. Muddy consonants as initial cause a syllable to be pronounced with low pitch or light (陽 yáng) tone.
|
What kind of voice are muddy consonants pronounced with?
|
What kind of voice are muddy consonants pronounced with?
|
[
"What kind of voice are muddy consonants pronounced with?"
] |
{
"text": [
"slack or breathy"
],
"answer_start": [
202
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108382
|
5acd2a8c07355d001abf378c
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Wu Chinese has a three-way distinction in stops and affricates: /p pʰ b/. In addition to aspirated and unaspirated consonants, there is a series of muddy consonants, like /b/. These are pronounced with slack or breathy voice: that is, they are weakly voiced. Muddy consonants as initial cause a syllable to be pronounced with low pitch or light (陽 yáng) tone.
|
Wu Chinese has a four-way distinction in what?
|
Wu Chinese has a four-way distinction in what?
|
[
"Wu Chinese has a four-way distinction in what?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108383
|
5acd2a8c07355d001abf378d
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Wu Chinese has a three-way distinction in stops and affricates: /p pʰ b/. In addition to aspirated and unaspirated consonants, there is a series of muddy consonants, like /b/. These are pronounced with slack or breathy voice: that is, they are weakly voiced. Muddy consonants as initial cause a syllable to be pronounced with low pitch or light (陽 yáng) tone.
|
What is strongly voiced?
|
What is strongly voiced?
|
[
"What is strongly voiced?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108384
|
5acd2a8c07355d001abf378e
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Wu Chinese has a three-way distinction in stops and affricates: /p pʰ b/. In addition to aspirated and unaspirated consonants, there is a series of muddy consonants, like /b/. These are pronounced with slack or breathy voice: that is, they are weakly voiced. Muddy consonants as initial cause a syllable to be pronounced with low pitch or light (陽 yáng) tone.
|
What causes a syllable to be pronounced with high pitch or light tone?
|
What causes a syllable to be pronounced with high pitch or light tone?
|
[
"What causes a syllable to be pronounced with high pitch or light tone?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108385
|
5acd2a8c07355d001abf378f
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Wu Chinese has a three-way distinction in stops and affricates: /p pʰ b/. In addition to aspirated and unaspirated consonants, there is a series of muddy consonants, like /b/. These are pronounced with slack or breathy voice: that is, they are weakly voiced. Muddy consonants as initial cause a syllable to be pronounced with low pitch or light (陽 yáng) tone.
|
What is an example of a breathy consonant?
|
What is an example of a breathy consonant?
|
[
"What is an example of a breathy consonant?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108386
|
5acd2a8c07355d001abf3790
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Wu Chinese has a three-way distinction in stops and affricates: /p pʰ b/. In addition to aspirated and unaspirated consonants, there is a series of muddy consonants, like /b/. These are pronounced with slack or breathy voice: that is, they are weakly voiced. Muddy consonants as initial cause a syllable to be pronounced with low pitch or light (陽 yáng) tone.
|
What causes a stop to be pronounced with low pitch or light tone?
|
What causes a stop to be pronounced with low pitch or light tone?
|
[
"What causes a stop to be pronounced with low pitch or light tone?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108387
|
56e06dca231d4119001ac10d
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Many Indo-Aryan languages have aspirated stops. Sanskrit, Hindi, Bengali, Marathi, and Gujarati have a four-way distinction in stops: voiceless, aspirated, voiced, and breathy-voiced or voiced aspirated, such as /p pʰ b bʱ/. Punjabi has lost breathy-voiced consonants, which resulted in a tone system, and therefore has a distinction between voiceless, aspirated, and voiced: /p pʰ b/.
|
How many distinctions in stops do languages like Bengali and Hindi have?
|
How many distinctions in stops do languages like Bengali and Hindi have?
|
[
"How many distinctions in stops do languages like Bengali and Hindi have?"
] |
{
"text": [
"four"
],
"answer_start": [
103
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108388
|
56e06dca231d4119001ac10f
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Many Indo-Aryan languages have aspirated stops. Sanskrit, Hindi, Bengali, Marathi, and Gujarati have a four-way distinction in stops: voiceless, aspirated, voiced, and breathy-voiced or voiced aspirated, such as /p pʰ b bʱ/. Punjabi has lost breathy-voiced consonants, which resulted in a tone system, and therefore has a distinction between voiceless, aspirated, and voiced: /p pʰ b/.
|
What is another term for voice-aspirated?
|
What is another term for voice-aspirated?
|
[
"What is another term for voice-aspirated?"
] |
{
"text": [
"breathy-voiced"
],
"answer_start": [
168
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108389
|
56e06dca231d4119001ac111
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Many Indo-Aryan languages have aspirated stops. Sanskrit, Hindi, Bengali, Marathi, and Gujarati have a four-way distinction in stops: voiceless, aspirated, voiced, and breathy-voiced or voiced aspirated, such as /p pʰ b bʱ/. Punjabi has lost breathy-voiced consonants, which resulted in a tone system, and therefore has a distinction between voiceless, aspirated, and voiced: /p pʰ b/.
|
Which distinction has Punjabi lost?
|
Which distinction has Punjabi lost?
|
[
"Which distinction has Punjabi lost?"
] |
{
"text": [
"breathy-voiced consonants"
],
"answer_start": [
242
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108390
|
5acd2b2a07355d001abf379e
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Many Indo-Aryan languages have aspirated stops. Sanskrit, Hindi, Bengali, Marathi, and Gujarati have a four-way distinction in stops: voiceless, aspirated, voiced, and breathy-voiced or voiced aspirated, such as /p pʰ b bʱ/. Punjabi has lost breathy-voiced consonants, which resulted in a tone system, and therefore has a distinction between voiceless, aspirated, and voiced: /p pʰ b/.
|
What languages have unaspirated stops?
|
What languages have unaspirated stops?
|
[
"What languages have unaspirated stops?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108391
|
5acd2b2a07355d001abf379f
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Many Indo-Aryan languages have aspirated stops. Sanskrit, Hindi, Bengali, Marathi, and Gujarati have a four-way distinction in stops: voiceless, aspirated, voiced, and breathy-voiced or voiced aspirated, such as /p pʰ b bʱ/. Punjabi has lost breathy-voiced consonants, which resulted in a tone system, and therefore has a distinction between voiceless, aspirated, and voiced: /p pʰ b/.
|
Sanskrit has a three-way distinction in what?
|
Sanskrit has a three-way distinction in what?
|
[
"Sanskrit has a three-way distinction in what?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108392
|
5acd2b2a07355d001abf37a0
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Many Indo-Aryan languages have aspirated stops. Sanskrit, Hindi, Bengali, Marathi, and Gujarati have a four-way distinction in stops: voiceless, aspirated, voiced, and breathy-voiced or voiced aspirated, such as /p pʰ b bʱ/. Punjabi has lost breathy-voiced consonants, which resulted in a tone system, and therefore has a distinction between voiceless, aspirated, and voiced: /p pʰ b/.
|
What has gained breathy-voiced consonants?
|
What has gained breathy-voiced consonants?
|
[
"What has gained breathy-voiced consonants?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108393
|
5acd2b2a07355d001abf37a1
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Many Indo-Aryan languages have aspirated stops. Sanskrit, Hindi, Bengali, Marathi, and Gujarati have a four-way distinction in stops: voiceless, aspirated, voiced, and breathy-voiced or voiced aspirated, such as /p pʰ b bʱ/. Punjabi has lost breathy-voiced consonants, which resulted in a tone system, and therefore has a distinction between voiceless, aspirated, and voiced: /p pʰ b/.
|
What happened to result in a toneless system?
|
What happened to result in a toneless system?
|
[
"What happened to result in a toneless system?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108394
|
5acd2b2a07355d001abf37a2
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Many Indo-Aryan languages have aspirated stops. Sanskrit, Hindi, Bengali, Marathi, and Gujarati have a four-way distinction in stops: voiceless, aspirated, voiced, and breathy-voiced or voiced aspirated, such as /p pʰ b bʱ/. Punjabi has lost breathy-voiced consonants, which resulted in a tone system, and therefore has a distinction between voiceless, aspirated, and voiced: /p pʰ b/.
|
What is an example of a two-way distinction in stops?
|
What is an example of a two-way distinction in stops?
|
[
"What is an example of a two-way distinction in stops?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108395
|
56e06eee231d4119001ac117
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Some of the Dravidian languages, such as Telugu, Tamil, Malayalam, and Kannada, have a distinction between voiced and voiceless, aspirated and unaspirated only in loanwords from Indo-Aryan languages. In native Dravidian words, there is no distinction between these categories and stops are underspecified for voicing and aspiration.
|
Telegu, Kannada and others are considered to be some of the what languages?
|
Telegu, Kannada and others are considered to be some of the what languages?
|
[
"Telegu, Kannada and others are considered to be some of the what languages?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Dravidian"
],
"answer_start": [
12
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108396
|
56e06eee231d4119001ac119
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Some of the Dravidian languages, such as Telugu, Tamil, Malayalam, and Kannada, have a distinction between voiced and voiceless, aspirated and unaspirated only in loanwords from Indo-Aryan languages. In native Dravidian words, there is no distinction between these categories and stops are underspecified for voicing and aspiration.
|
What has no distinction between the categories of voiced, voiceless, aspirated and unaspirated?
|
What has no distinction between the categories of voiced, voiceless, aspirated and unaspirated?
|
[
"What has no distinction between the categories of voiced, voiceless, aspirated and unaspirated?"
] |
{
"text": [
"native Dravidian words"
],
"answer_start": [
203
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108397
|
5acd2c2e07355d001abf37bc
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Some of the Dravidian languages, such as Telugu, Tamil, Malayalam, and Kannada, have a distinction between voiced and voiceless, aspirated and unaspirated only in loanwords from Indo-Aryan languages. In native Dravidian words, there is no distinction between these categories and stops are underspecified for voicing and aspiration.
|
In native English words, there is no distinction between what?
|
In native English words, there is no distinction between what?
|
[
"In native English words, there is no distinction between what?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108398
|
5acd2c2e07355d001abf37bd
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Some of the Dravidian languages, such as Telugu, Tamil, Malayalam, and Kannada, have a distinction between voiced and voiceless, aspirated and unaspirated only in loanwords from Indo-Aryan languages. In native Dravidian words, there is no distinction between these categories and stops are underspecified for voicing and aspiration.
|
What is used only in loanwords from Spanish languages?
|
What is used only in loanwords from Spanish languages?
|
[
"What is used only in loanwords from Spanish languages?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108399
|
5acd2c2e07355d001abf37be
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Some of the Dravidian languages, such as Telugu, Tamil, Malayalam, and Kannada, have a distinction between voiced and voiceless, aspirated and unaspirated only in loanwords from Indo-Aryan languages. In native Dravidian words, there is no distinction between these categories and stops are underspecified for voicing and aspiration.
|
What is underspecified for voicing and unaspiratoin?
|
What is underspecified for voicing and unaspiratoin?
|
[
"What is underspecified for voicing and unaspiratoin?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
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