gem_id stringlengths 20 25 | id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringlengths 3 59 | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 1 270 | target stringlengths 1 270 | references list | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gem-squad_v2-train-108300 | 5acd20ca07355d001abf35f7 | Aspirated_consonant | When aspirated consonants are doubled or geminated, the stop is held longer and then has an aspirated release. An aspirated affricate consists of a stop, fricative, and aspirated release. A doubled aspirated affricate has a longer hold in the stop portion and then has a release consisting of the fricative and aspiratio... | What consists of a stop, fricative, and unaspirated release? | What consists of a stop, fricative, and unaspirated release? | [
"What consists of a stop, fricative, and unaspirated release?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108301 | 5acd20ca07355d001abf35f8 | Aspirated_consonant | When aspirated consonants are doubled or geminated, the stop is held longer and then has an aspirated release. An aspirated affricate consists of a stop, fricative, and aspirated release. A doubled aspirated affricate has a longer hold in the stop portion and then has a release consisting of the fricative and aspiratio... | A tripled aspirated affricate has a longer what? | A tripled aspirated affricate has a longer what? | [
"A tripled aspirated affricate has a longer what?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108302 | 56e06783231d4119001ac0a9 | Aspirated_consonant | Icelandic and Faroese have preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk]; some scholars interpret these as consonant clusters as well. In Icelandic, preaspirated stops contrast with double stops and single stops: | What two languages mentioned have have preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk]? | What two languages mentioned have have preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk]? | [
"What two languages mentioned have have preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk]?"
] | {
"text": [
"Icelandic and Faroese"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108303 | 56e06783231d4119001ac0aa | Aspirated_consonant | Icelandic and Faroese have preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk]; some scholars interpret these as consonant clusters as well. In Icelandic, preaspirated stops contrast with double stops and single stops: | What do scholars say the preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk] are too? | What do scholars say the preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk] are too? | [
"What do scholars say the preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk] are too?"
] | {
"text": [
"consonant clusters"
],
"answer_start": [
85
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108304 | 56e06783231d4119001ac0ab | Aspirated_consonant | Icelandic and Faroese have preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk]; some scholars interpret these as consonant clusters as well. In Icelandic, preaspirated stops contrast with double stops and single stops: | What do preaspirated stops contrast with in Icelandic? | What do preaspirated stops contrast with in Icelandic? | [
"What do preaspirated stops contrast with in Icelandic?"
] | {
"text": [
"double stops and single stops"
],
"answer_start": [
160
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108305 | 5acd219c07355d001abf3612 | Aspirated_consonant | Icelandic and Faroese have preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk]; some scholars interpret these as consonant clusters as well. In Icelandic, preaspirated stops contrast with double stops and single stops: | What stops contrast with triple and single stops? | What stops contrast with triple and single stops? | [
"What stops contrast with triple and single stops?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108306 | 5acd219c07355d001abf3613 | Aspirated_consonant | Icelandic and Faroese have preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk]; some scholars interpret these as consonant clusters as well. In Icelandic, preaspirated stops contrast with double stops and single stops: | Icelandic and English have preaspirated what? | Icelandic and English have preaspirated what? | [
"Icelandic and English have preaspirated what?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108307 | 5acd219c07355d001abf3614 | Aspirated_consonant | Icelandic and Faroese have preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk]; some scholars interpret these as consonant clusters as well. In Icelandic, preaspirated stops contrast with double stops and single stops: | Aspirated stops contrast with what? | Aspirated stops contrast with what? | [
"Aspirated stops contrast with what?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108308 | 5acd219c07355d001abf3615 | Aspirated_consonant | Icelandic and Faroese have preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk]; some scholars interpret these as consonant clusters as well. In Icelandic, preaspirated stops contrast with double stops and single stops: | In Faroese, preaspirated stops contrast with what? | In Faroese, preaspirated stops contrast with what? | [
"In Faroese, preaspirated stops contrast with what?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108309 | 5acd219c07355d001abf3616 | Aspirated_consonant | Icelandic and Faroese have preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk]; some scholars interpret these as consonant clusters as well. In Icelandic, preaspirated stops contrast with double stops and single stops: | Symbol clusters exists in which two languages? | Symbol clusters exists in which two languages? | [
"Symbol clusters exists in which two languages?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108310 | 56e06851231d4119001ac0b5 | Aspirated_consonant | Preaspirated stops also occur in most Sami languages; for example, in North Sami, the unvoiced stop and affricate phonemes /p/, /t/, /ts/, /tʃ/, /k/ are pronounced preaspirated ([ʰp], [ʰt] [ʰts], [ʰtʃ], [ʰk]) when they occur in medial or final position. | The Sami tongue also has what? | The Sami tongue also has what? | [
"The Sami tongue also has what?"
] | {
"text": [
"Preaspirated stops"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108311 | 56e06851231d4119001ac0b6 | Aspirated_consonant | Preaspirated stops also occur in most Sami languages; for example, in North Sami, the unvoiced stop and affricate phonemes /p/, /t/, /ts/, /tʃ/, /k/ are pronounced preaspirated ([ʰp], [ʰt] [ʰts], [ʰtʃ], [ʰk]) when they occur in medial or final position. | Which Sami tongue has unvoiced stop and affricate phonemes pronounced preaspirated? | Which Sami tongue has unvoiced stop and affricate phonemes pronounced preaspirated? | [
"Which Sami tongue has unvoiced stop and affricate phonemes pronounced preaspirated?"
] | {
"text": [
"North Sami"
],
"answer_start": [
70
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108312 | 5acd225107355d001abf3630 | Aspirated_consonant | Preaspirated stops also occur in most Sami languages; for example, in North Sami, the unvoiced stop and affricate phonemes /p/, /t/, /ts/, /tʃ/, /k/ are pronounced preaspirated ([ʰp], [ʰt] [ʰts], [ʰtʃ], [ʰk]) when they occur in medial or final position. | Unaspirated stops occur in which languages? | Unaspirated stops occur in which languages? | [
"Unaspirated stops occur in which languages?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108313 | 5acd225107355d001abf3631 | Aspirated_consonant | Preaspirated stops also occur in most Sami languages; for example, in North Sami, the unvoiced stop and affricate phonemes /p/, /t/, /ts/, /tʃ/, /k/ are pronounced preaspirated ([ʰp], [ʰt] [ʰts], [ʰtʃ], [ʰk]) when they occur in medial or final position. | What occurs in the medial or start position? | What occurs in the medial or start position? | [
"What occurs in the medial or start position?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108314 | 5acd225107355d001abf3632 | Aspirated_consonant | Preaspirated stops also occur in most Sami languages; for example, in North Sami, the unvoiced stop and affricate phonemes /p/, /t/, /ts/, /tʃ/, /k/ are pronounced preaspirated ([ʰp], [ʰt] [ʰts], [ʰtʃ], [ʰk]) when they occur in medial or final position. | The voiced stop and affricate phonemes occur in what position? | The voiced stop and affricate phonemes occur in what position? | [
"The voiced stop and affricate phonemes occur in what position?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108315 | 5acd225107355d001abf3633 | Aspirated_consonant | Preaspirated stops also occur in most Sami languages; for example, in North Sami, the unvoiced stop and affricate phonemes /p/, /t/, /ts/, /tʃ/, /k/ are pronounced preaspirated ([ʰp], [ʰt] [ʰts], [ʰtʃ], [ʰk]) when they occur in medial or final position. | What are pronounced unaspirated? | What are pronounced unaspirated? | [
"What are pronounced unaspirated?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108316 | 5acd225107355d001abf3634 | Aspirated_consonant | Preaspirated stops also occur in most Sami languages; for example, in North Sami, the unvoiced stop and affricate phonemes /p/, /t/, /ts/, /tʃ/, /k/ are pronounced preaspirated ([ʰp], [ʰt] [ʰts], [ʰtʃ], [ʰk]) when they occur in medial or final position. | In South Sami what are pronounced preaspirated? | In South Sami what are pronounced preaspirated? | [
"In South Sami what are pronounced preaspirated?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108317 | 56e06908231d4119001ac0c4 | Aspirated_consonant | Although most aspirated obstruents in the world's language are stops and affricates, aspirated fricatives such as [sʰ], [fʰ] or [ɕʰ] have been documented in Korean, in a few Tibeto-Burman languages, in some Oto-Manguean languages, and in the Siouan language Ofo. Some languages, such as Choni Tibetan, have up to four co... | How many contrastive aspirated fricatives does Choni Tibetan have? | How many contrastive aspirated fricatives does Choni Tibetan have? | [
"How many contrastive aspirated fricatives does Choni Tibetan have?"
] | {
"text": [
"up to four"
],
"answer_start": [
307
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108318 | 5acd233607355d001abf366a | Aspirated_consonant | Although most aspirated obstruents in the world's language are stops and affricates, aspirated fricatives such as [sʰ], [fʰ] or [ɕʰ] have been documented in Korean, in a few Tibeto-Burman languages, in some Oto-Manguean languages, and in the Siouan language Ofo. Some languages, such as Choni Tibetan, have up to four co... | Unaspirated fricatives have been documented in which language? | Unaspirated fricatives have been documented in which language? | [
"Unaspirated fricatives have been documented in which language?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108319 | 5acd233607355d001abf366b | Aspirated_consonant | Although most aspirated obstruents in the world's language are stops and affricates, aspirated fricatives such as [sʰ], [fʰ] or [ɕʰ] have been documented in Korean, in a few Tibeto-Burman languages, in some Oto-Manguean languages, and in the Siouan language Ofo. Some languages, such as Choni Tibetan, have up to four co... | Which language has up to five contrastive aspirated fricatives? | Which language has up to five contrastive aspirated fricatives? | [
"Which language has up to five contrastive aspirated fricatives?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108320 | 5acd233607355d001abf366c | Aspirated_consonant | Although most aspirated obstruents in the world's language are stops and affricates, aspirated fricatives such as [sʰ], [fʰ] or [ɕʰ] have been documented in Korean, in a few Tibeto-Burman languages, in some Oto-Manguean languages, and in the Siouan language Ofo. Some languages, such as Choni Tibetan, have up to four co... | Most unaspirated obstruents are what? | Most unaspirated obstruents are what? | [
"Most unaspirated obstruents are what?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108321 | 5acd233607355d001abf366d | Aspirated_consonant | Although most aspirated obstruents in the world's language are stops and affricates, aspirated fricatives such as [sʰ], [fʰ] or [ɕʰ] have been documented in Korean, in a few Tibeto-Burman languages, in some Oto-Manguean languages, and in the Siouan language Ofo. Some languages, such as Choni Tibetan, have up to four co... | The Siouan language Ofo has how many contrastive aspirated fricatives? | The Siouan language Ofo has how many contrastive aspirated fricatives? | [
"The Siouan language Ofo has how many contrastive aspirated fricatives?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108322 | 5acd233607355d001abf366e | Aspirated_consonant | Although most aspirated obstruents in the world's language are stops and affricates, aspirated fricatives such as [sʰ], [fʰ] or [ɕʰ] have been documented in Korean, in a few Tibeto-Burman languages, in some Oto-Manguean languages, and in the Siouan language Ofo. Some languages, such as Choni Tibetan, have up to four co... | Choni Tibetan has how many unaspirated fricatives? | Choni Tibetan has how many unaspirated fricatives? | [
"Choni Tibetan has how many unaspirated fricatives?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108323 | 56e069f0231d4119001ac0d1 | Aspirated_consonant | True aspirated voiced consonants, as opposed to murmured (breathy-voice) consonants such as the [bʱ], [dʱ], [ɡʱ] that are common in the languages of India, are extremely rare. They have been documented in Kelabit Taa, and the Kx'a languages. Reported aspirated voiced stops, affricates and clicks are [b͡pʰ, d͡tʰ, d͡tsʰ,... | Indian languages commonly have murmured consonants instead of what? | Indian languages commonly have murmured consonants instead of what? | [
"Indian languages commonly have murmured consonants instead of what?"
] | {
"text": [
"True aspirated voiced consonants"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108324 | 56e069f0231d4119001ac0d2 | Aspirated_consonant | True aspirated voiced consonants, as opposed to murmured (breathy-voice) consonants such as the [bʱ], [dʱ], [ɡʱ] that are common in the languages of India, are extremely rare. They have been documented in Kelabit Taa, and the Kx'a languages. Reported aspirated voiced stops, affricates and clicks are [b͡pʰ, d͡tʰ, d͡tsʰ,... | True aspirated consonants are considered what? | True aspirated consonants are considered what? | [
"True aspirated consonants are considered what?"
] | {
"text": [
"rare"
],
"answer_start": [
170
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108325 | 56e069f0231d4119001ac0d3 | Aspirated_consonant | True aspirated voiced consonants, as opposed to murmured (breathy-voice) consonants such as the [bʱ], [dʱ], [ɡʱ] that are common in the languages of India, are extremely rare. They have been documented in Kelabit Taa, and the Kx'a languages. Reported aspirated voiced stops, affricates and clicks are [b͡pʰ, d͡tʰ, d͡tsʰ,... | True aspirated consonants have been found in Kelabit Taa and what else? | True aspirated consonants have been found in Kelabit Taa and what else? | [
"True aspirated consonants have been found in Kelabit Taa and what else?"
] | {
"text": [
"Kx'a languages"
],
"answer_start": [
226
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108326 | 5acd242407355d001abf3690 | Aspirated_consonant | True aspirated voiced consonants, as opposed to murmured (breathy-voice) consonants such as the [bʱ], [dʱ], [ɡʱ] that are common in the languages of India, are extremely rare. They have been documented in Kelabit Taa, and the Kx'a languages. Reported aspirated voiced stops, affricates and clicks are [b͡pʰ, d͡tʰ, d͡tsʰ,... | Are truly unaspirated voiceless consonants common or rare? | Are truly unaspirated voiceless consonants common or rare? | [
"Are truly unaspirated voiceless consonants common or rare?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108327 | 5acd242407355d001abf3691 | Aspirated_consonant | True aspirated voiced consonants, as opposed to murmured (breathy-voice) consonants such as the [bʱ], [dʱ], [ɡʱ] that are common in the languages of India, are extremely rare. They have been documented in Kelabit Taa, and the Kx'a languages. Reported aspirated voiced stops, affricates and clicks are [b͡pʰ, d͡tʰ, d͡tsʰ,... | What is common in the language of English? | What is common in the language of English? | [
"What is common in the language of English?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108328 | 5acd242407355d001abf3692 | Aspirated_consonant | True aspirated voiced consonants, as opposed to murmured (breathy-voice) consonants such as the [bʱ], [dʱ], [ɡʱ] that are common in the languages of India, are extremely rare. They have been documented in Kelabit Taa, and the Kx'a languages. Reported aspirated voiced stops, affricates and clicks are [b͡pʰ, d͡tʰ, d͡tsʰ,... | Murmured consonants are uncommon in which language of which country? | Murmured consonants are uncommon in which language of which country? | [
"Murmured consonants are uncommon in which language of which country?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108329 | 5acd242407355d001abf3693 | Aspirated_consonant | True aspirated voiced consonants, as opposed to murmured (breathy-voice) consonants such as the [bʱ], [dʱ], [ɡʱ] that are common in the languages of India, are extremely rare. They have been documented in Kelabit Taa, and the Kx'a languages. Reported aspirated voiced stops, affricates and clicks are [b͡pʰ, d͡tʰ, d͡tsʰ,... | What has been documented in Kelabit Taa, and the Kx'a languages? | What has been documented in Kelabit Taa, and the Kx'a languages? | [
"What has been documented in Kelabit Taa, and the Kx'a languages?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108330 | 5acd242407355d001abf3694 | Aspirated_consonant | True aspirated voiced consonants, as opposed to murmured (breathy-voice) consonants such as the [bʱ], [dʱ], [ɡʱ] that are common in the languages of India, are extremely rare. They have been documented in Kelabit Taa, and the Kx'a languages. Reported aspirated voiced stops, affricates and clicks are [b͡pʰ, d͡tʰ, d͡tsʰ,... | True aspirated voice consonants are common in which country? | True aspirated voice consonants are common in which country? | [
"True aspirated voice consonants are common in which country?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108331 | 56e06a517aa994140058e479 | Aspirated_consonant | Aspiration has varying significance in different languages. It is either allophonic or phonemic, and may be analyzed as an underlying consonant cluster. | What has a different significance in various languages? | What has a different significance in various languages? | [
"What has a different significance in various languages?"
] | {
"text": [
"Aspiration"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108332 | 56e06a517aa994140058e47a | Aspirated_consonant | Aspiration has varying significance in different languages. It is either allophonic or phonemic, and may be analyzed as an underlying consonant cluster. | What two forms can aspiration be in? | What two forms can aspiration be in? | [
"What two forms can aspiration be in?"
] | {
"text": [
"allophonic or phonemic"
],
"answer_start": [
73
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108333 | 5acd25e607355d001abf36d0 | Aspirated_consonant | Aspiration has varying significance in different languages. It is either allophonic or phonemic, and may be analyzed as an underlying consonant cluster. | What may be analyzed as an underlying symbol cluster? | What may be analyzed as an underlying symbol cluster? | [
"What may be analyzed as an underlying symbol cluster?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108334 | 5acd25e607355d001abf36d1 | Aspirated_consonant | Aspiration has varying significance in different languages. It is either allophonic or phonemic, and may be analyzed as an underlying consonant cluster. | Aspiration can differ in which two languages? | Aspiration can differ in which two languages? | [
"Aspiration can differ in which two languages?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108335 | 5acd25e607355d001abf36d2 | Aspirated_consonant | Aspiration has varying significance in different languages. It is either allophonic or phonemic, and may be analyzed as an underlying consonant cluster. | Unaspiration has varying significance in what? | Unaspiration has varying significance in what? | [
"Unaspiration has varying significance in what?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108336 | 5acd25e607355d001abf36d3 | Aspirated_consonant | Aspiration has varying significance in different languages. It is either allophonic or phonemic, and may be analyzed as an underlying consonant cluster. | What may be analyzed as an underlying phonemic cluster? | What may be analyzed as an underlying phonemic cluster? | [
"What may be analyzed as an underlying phonemic cluster?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108337 | 5acd25e607355d001abf36d4 | Aspirated_consonant | Aspiration has varying significance in different languages. It is either allophonic or phonemic, and may be analyzed as an underlying consonant cluster. | What is either allophonic or a cluster? | What is either allophonic or a cluster? | [
"What is either allophonic or a cluster?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108338 | 56e06ab2231d4119001ac0dd | Aspirated_consonant | In some languages, such as English, aspiration is allophonic. Stops are distinguished primarily by voicing, and voiceless stops are sometimes aspirated, while voiced stops are usually unaspirated. | Aspiration is what, in English and some other languages? | Aspiration is what, in English and some other languages? | [
"Aspiration is what, in English and some other languages?"
] | {
"text": [
"allophonic"
],
"answer_start": [
50
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108339 | 56e06ab2231d4119001ac0de | Aspirated_consonant | In some languages, such as English, aspiration is allophonic. Stops are distinguished primarily by voicing, and voiceless stops are sometimes aspirated, while voiced stops are usually unaspirated. | How are stops distinguished? | How are stops distinguished? | [
"How are stops distinguished?"
] | {
"text": [
"voicing"
],
"answer_start": [
99
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108340 | 56e06ab2231d4119001ac0df | Aspirated_consonant | In some languages, such as English, aspiration is allophonic. Stops are distinguished primarily by voicing, and voiceless stops are sometimes aspirated, while voiced stops are usually unaspirated. | Voiceless stops are at times what? | Voiceless stops are at times what? | [
"Voiceless stops are at times what?"
] | {
"text": [
"aspirated"
],
"answer_start": [
142
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108341 | 56e06ab2231d4119001ac0e0 | Aspirated_consonant | In some languages, such as English, aspiration is allophonic. Stops are distinguished primarily by voicing, and voiceless stops are sometimes aspirated, while voiced stops are usually unaspirated. | Voiced stops are most often what? | Voiced stops are most often what? | [
"Voiced stops are most often what?"
] | {
"text": [
"unaspirated"
],
"answer_start": [
184
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108342 | 5acd269407355d001abf36e2 | Aspirated_consonant | In some languages, such as English, aspiration is allophonic. Stops are distinguished primarily by voicing, and voiceless stops are sometimes aspirated, while voiced stops are usually unaspirated. | In what language in unaspiration allophonic? | In what language in unaspiration allophonic? | [
"In what language in unaspiration allophonic?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108343 | 5acd269407355d001abf36e3 | Aspirated_consonant | In some languages, such as English, aspiration is allophonic. Stops are distinguished primarily by voicing, and voiceless stops are sometimes aspirated, while voiced stops are usually unaspirated. | Voiceless languages are sometimes what? | Voiceless languages are sometimes what? | [
"Voiceless languages are sometimes what?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108344 | 5acd269407355d001abf36e4 | Aspirated_consonant | In some languages, such as English, aspiration is allophonic. Stops are distinguished primarily by voicing, and voiceless stops are sometimes aspirated, while voiced stops are usually unaspirated. | Symbols are distinguished primarily by what? | Symbols are distinguished primarily by what? | [
"Symbols are distinguished primarily by what?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108345 | 5acd269407355d001abf36e5 | Aspirated_consonant | In some languages, such as English, aspiration is allophonic. Stops are distinguished primarily by voicing, and voiceless stops are sometimes aspirated, while voiced stops are usually unaspirated. | Voiced breaths are usually what? | Voiced breaths are usually what? | [
"Voiced breaths are usually what?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108346 | 5acd269407355d001abf36e6 | Aspirated_consonant | In some languages, such as English, aspiration is allophonic. Stops are distinguished primarily by voicing, and voiceless stops are sometimes aspirated, while voiced stops are usually unaspirated. | What are sometimes allophonic? | What are sometimes allophonic? | [
"What are sometimes allophonic?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108347 | 56e06b78231d4119001ac0e5 | Aspirated_consonant | They are unaspirated for almost all speakers when immediately following word-initial s, as in spill, still, skill. After an s elsewhere in a word they are normally unaspirated as well, except sometimes in compound words. When the consonants in a cluster like st are analyzed as belonging to different morphemes (heteromo... | When following a word such as spill, they are what for most speakers? | When following a word such as spill, they are what for most speakers? | [
"When following a word such as spill, they are what for most speakers?"
] | {
"text": [
"unaspirated"
],
"answer_start": [
9
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108348 | 56e06b78231d4119001ac0e6 | Aspirated_consonant | They are unaspirated for almost all speakers when immediately following word-initial s, as in spill, still, skill. After an s elsewhere in a word they are normally unaspirated as well, except sometimes in compound words. When the consonants in a cluster like st are analyzed as belonging to different morphemes (heteromo... | If the letter s is a different place in the word, it is typical unaspirated unless the word is what? | If the letter s is a different place in the word, it is typical unaspirated unless the word is what? | [
"If the letter s is a different place in the word, it is typical unaspirated unless the word is what?"
] | {
"text": [
"compound words"
],
"answer_start": [
205
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108349 | 56e06b78231d4119001ac0e7 | Aspirated_consonant | They are unaspirated for almost all speakers when immediately following word-initial s, as in spill, still, skill. After an s elsewhere in a word they are normally unaspirated as well, except sometimes in compound words. When the consonants in a cluster like st are analyzed as belonging to different morphemes (heteromo... | If there is a cluster such as st and it belongs to different morphemes, the stop is what? | If there is a cluster such as st and it belongs to different morphemes, the stop is what? | [
"If there is a cluster such as st and it belongs to different morphemes, the stop is what?"
] | {
"text": [
"aspirated"
],
"answer_start": [
11
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108350 | 56e06b78231d4119001ac0e8 | Aspirated_consonant | They are unaspirated for almost all speakers when immediately following word-initial s, as in spill, still, skill. After an s elsewhere in a word they are normally unaspirated as well, except sometimes in compound words. When the consonants in a cluster like st are analyzed as belonging to different morphemes (heteromo... | If the st belongs to one morpheme, then the stop is what? | If the st belongs to one morpheme, then the stop is what? | [
"If the st belongs to one morpheme, then the stop is what?"
] | {
"text": [
"unaspirated"
],
"answer_start": [
9
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108351 | 5acd27b607355d001abf3724 | Aspirated_consonant | They are unaspirated for almost all speakers when immediately following word-initial s, as in spill, still, skill. After an s elsewhere in a word they are normally unaspirated as well, except sometimes in compound words. When the consonants in a cluster like st are analyzed as belonging to different morphemes (heteromo... | What is unaspirated since it is not analyzed as three morphemes? | What is unaspirated since it is not analyzed as three morphemes? | [
"What is unaspirated since it is not analyzed as three morphemes?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108352 | 5acd27b607355d001abf3725 | Aspirated_consonant | They are unaspirated for almost all speakers when immediately following word-initial s, as in spill, still, skill. After an s elsewhere in a word they are normally unaspirated as well, except sometimes in compound words. When the consonants in a cluster like st are analyzed as belonging to different morphemes (heteromo... | What word-initial is aspirated for almost all speakers? | What word-initial is aspirated for almost all speakers? | [
"What word-initial is aspirated for almost all speakers?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108353 | 5acd27b607355d001abf3726 | Aspirated_consonant | They are unaspirated for almost all speakers when immediately following word-initial s, as in spill, still, skill. After an s elsewhere in a word they are normally unaspirated as well, except sometimes in compound words. When the consonants in a cluster like st are analyzed as belonging to different morphemes (heteromo... | When is the consonant unaspirated? | When is the consonant unaspirated? | [
"When is the consonant unaspirated?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108354 | 5acd27b607355d001abf3727 | Aspirated_consonant | They are unaspirated for almost all speakers when immediately following word-initial s, as in spill, still, skill. After an s elsewhere in a word they are normally unaspirated as well, except sometimes in compound words. When the consonants in a cluster like st are analyzed as belonging to different morphemes (heteromo... | Distaste has an unaspirated middle why? | Distaste has an unaspirated middle why? | [
"Distaste has an unaspirated middle why?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108355 | 5acd27b607355d001abf3728 | Aspirated_consonant | They are unaspirated for almost all speakers when immediately following word-initial s, as in spill, still, skill. After an s elsewhere in a word they are normally unaspirated as well, except sometimes in compound words. When the consonants in a cluster like st are analyzed as belonging to different morphemes (heteromo... | After a k elsewhere in a word they are normally what? | After a k elsewhere in a word they are normally what? | [
"After a k elsewhere in a word they are normally what?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108356 | 56e06bd2231d4119001ac0ed | Aspirated_consonant | In many languages, such as Armenian, Korean, Thai, Indo-Aryan languages, Dravidian languages, Icelandic, Ancient Greek, and the varieties of Chinese, tenuis and aspirated consonants are phonemic. Unaspirated consonants like [p˭ s˭] and aspirated consonants like [pʰ ʰp sʰ] are separate phonemes, and words are distinguis... | In languages like Thai and Icelandic, tenuis and aspirated consonants are what? | In languages like Thai and Icelandic, tenuis and aspirated consonants are what? | [
"In languages like Thai and Icelandic, tenuis and aspirated consonants are what?"
] | {
"text": [
"phonemic"
],
"answer_start": [
186
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108357 | 56e06bd2231d4119001ac0ee | Aspirated_consonant | In many languages, such as Armenian, Korean, Thai, Indo-Aryan languages, Dravidian languages, Icelandic, Ancient Greek, and the varieties of Chinese, tenuis and aspirated consonants are phonemic. Unaspirated consonants like [p˭ s˭] and aspirated consonants like [pʰ ʰp sʰ] are separate phonemes, and words are distinguis... | [p˭ s˭] and [pʰ ʰp sʰ] are separate what? | [p˭ s˭] and [pʰ ʰp sʰ] are separate what? | [
"[p˭ s˭] and [pʰ ʰp sʰ] are separate what?"
] | {
"text": [
"phonemes"
],
"answer_start": [
286
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108358 | 5acd287307355d001abf3736 | Aspirated_consonant | In many languages, such as Armenian, Korean, Thai, Indo-Aryan languages, Dravidian languages, Icelandic, Ancient Greek, and the varieties of Chinese, tenuis and aspirated consonants are phonemic. Unaspirated consonants like [p˭ s˭] and aspirated consonants like [pʰ ʰp sʰ] are separate phonemes, and words are distinguis... | In the Armenian language, tenuis and unaspirated stops are what? | In the Armenian language, tenuis and unaspirated stops are what? | [
"In the Armenian language, tenuis and unaspirated stops are what?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108359 | 5acd287307355d001abf3737 | Aspirated_consonant | In many languages, such as Armenian, Korean, Thai, Indo-Aryan languages, Dravidian languages, Icelandic, Ancient Greek, and the varieties of Chinese, tenuis and aspirated consonants are phonemic. Unaspirated consonants like [p˭ s˭] and aspirated consonants like [pʰ ʰp sʰ] are separate phonemes, and words are distinguis... | What makes up combined phonemes? | What makes up combined phonemes? | [
"What makes up combined phonemes?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108360 | 5acd287307355d001abf3738 | Aspirated_consonant | In many languages, such as Armenian, Korean, Thai, Indo-Aryan languages, Dravidian languages, Icelandic, Ancient Greek, and the varieties of Chinese, tenuis and aspirated consonants are phonemic. Unaspirated consonants like [p˭ s˭] and aspirated consonants like [pʰ ʰp sʰ] are separate phonemes, and words are distinguis... | Sentences are distinguished by what? | Sentences are distinguished by what? | [
"Sentences are distinguished by what?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108361 | 5acd287307355d001abf3739 | Aspirated_consonant | In many languages, such as Armenian, Korean, Thai, Indo-Aryan languages, Dravidian languages, Icelandic, Ancient Greek, and the varieties of Chinese, tenuis and aspirated consonants are phonemic. Unaspirated consonants like [p˭ s˭] and aspirated consonants like [pʰ ʰp sʰ] are separate phonemes, and words are distinguis... | In the English language, tenuis and aspirated consonants are what? | In the English language, tenuis and aspirated consonants are what? | [
"In the English language, tenuis and aspirated consonants are what?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108362 | 5acd287307355d001abf373a | Aspirated_consonant | In many languages, such as Armenian, Korean, Thai, Indo-Aryan languages, Dravidian languages, Icelandic, Ancient Greek, and the varieties of Chinese, tenuis and aspirated consonants are phonemic. Unaspirated consonants like [p˭ s˭] and aspirated consonants like [pʰ ʰp sʰ] are separate phonemes, and words are distinguis... | An example of an unaspirated stop is? | An example of an unaspirated stop is? | [
"An example of an unaspirated stop is?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108363 | 56e06c697aa994140058e493 | Aspirated_consonant | In Danish and most southern varieties of German, the "lenis" consonants transcribed for historical reasons as ⟨b d ɡ⟩ are distinguished from their fortis counterparts ⟨p t k⟩, mainly in their lack of aspiration. | How are lenis consonants distinguished from fortis consonants? | How are lenis consonants distinguished from fortis consonants? | [
"How are lenis consonants distinguished from fortis consonants?"
] | {
"text": [
"their lack of aspiration"
],
"answer_start": [
186
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108364 | 56e06c697aa994140058e494 | Aspirated_consonant | In Danish and most southern varieties of German, the "lenis" consonants transcribed for historical reasons as ⟨b d ɡ⟩ are distinguished from their fortis counterparts ⟨p t k⟩, mainly in their lack of aspiration. | If the lenis are ⟨b d ɡ⟩, what are the fortis counterparts? | If the lenis are ⟨b d ɡ⟩, what are the fortis counterparts? | [
"If the lenis are ⟨b d ɡ⟩, what are the fortis counterparts?"
] | {
"text": [
"⟨p t k⟩"
],
"answer_start": [
167
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108365 | 5acd293a07355d001abf3754 | Aspirated_consonant | In Danish and most southern varieties of German, the "lenis" consonants transcribed for historical reasons as ⟨b d ɡ⟩ are distinguished from their fortis counterparts ⟨p t k⟩, mainly in their lack of aspiration. | What is often transcribed for numerical reasons? | What is often transcribed for numerical reasons? | [
"What is often transcribed for numerical reasons?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108366 | 5acd293a07355d001abf3755 | Aspirated_consonant | In Danish and most southern varieties of German, the "lenis" consonants transcribed for historical reasons as ⟨b d ɡ⟩ are distinguished from their fortis counterparts ⟨p t k⟩, mainly in their lack of aspiration. | In English, "lenis" consonants are know as what? | In English, "lenis" consonants are know as what? | [
"In English, \"lenis\" consonants are know as what?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108367 | 5acd293a07355d001abf3756 | Aspirated_consonant | In Danish and most southern varieties of German, the "lenis" consonants transcribed for historical reasons as ⟨b d ɡ⟩ are distinguished from their fortis counterparts ⟨p t k⟩, mainly in their lack of aspiration. | The "lenis" consonants are distinguished from their modern counterparts by what? | The "lenis" consonants are distinguished from their modern counterparts by what? | [
"The \"lenis\" consonants are distinguished from their modern counterparts by what?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108368 | 5acd293a07355d001abf3757 | Aspirated_consonant | In Danish and most southern varieties of German, the "lenis" consonants transcribed for historical reasons as ⟨b d ɡ⟩ are distinguished from their fortis counterparts ⟨p t k⟩, mainly in their lack of aspiration. | Fortis counterparts are known as what in the Spanish language? | Fortis counterparts are known as what in the Spanish language? | [
"Fortis counterparts are known as what in the Spanish language?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108369 | 5acd293a07355d001abf3758 | Aspirated_consonant | In Danish and most southern varieties of German, the "lenis" consonants transcribed for historical reasons as ⟨b d ɡ⟩ are distinguished from their fortis counterparts ⟨p t k⟩, mainly in their lack of aspiration. | Fortis counterparts are translated as what in the Chinese language? | Fortis counterparts are translated as what in the Chinese language? | [
"Fortis counterparts are translated as what in the Chinese language?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108370 | 56e06cd3231d4119001ac0fd | Aspirated_consonant | Standard Chinese (Mandarin) has stops and affricates distinguished by aspiration: for instance, /t tʰ/, /t͡s t͡sʰ/. In pinyin, tenuis stops are written with letters that represent voiced consonants in English, and aspirated stops with letters that represent voiceless consonants. Thus d represents /t/, and t represents ... | Mandarin has stops and affricates that are distinguished by what? | Mandarin has stops and affricates that are distinguished by what? | [
"Mandarin has stops and affricates that are distinguished by what?"
] | {
"text": [
"aspiration"
],
"answer_start": [
70
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108371 | 56e06cd3231d4119001ac0fe | Aspirated_consonant | Standard Chinese (Mandarin) has stops and affricates distinguished by aspiration: for instance, /t tʰ/, /t͡s t͡sʰ/. In pinyin, tenuis stops are written with letters that represent voiced consonants in English, and aspirated stops with letters that represent voiceless consonants. Thus d represents /t/, and t represents ... | Tenuis stops have letters that are representative of English voiced consonant in what? | Tenuis stops have letters that are representative of English voiced consonant in what? | [
"Tenuis stops have letters that are representative of English voiced consonant in what?"
] | {
"text": [
"pinyin"
],
"answer_start": [
119
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108372 | 56e06cd3231d4119001ac0ff | Aspirated_consonant | Standard Chinese (Mandarin) has stops and affricates distinguished by aspiration: for instance, /t tʰ/, /t͡s t͡sʰ/. In pinyin, tenuis stops are written with letters that represent voiced consonants in English, and aspirated stops with letters that represent voiceless consonants. Thus d represents /t/, and t represents ... | What kind of stops in pinyin are written with letters that representative of voiceless consonants? | What kind of stops in pinyin are written with letters that representative of voiceless consonants? | [
"What kind of stops in pinyin are written with letters that representative of voiceless consonants?"
] | {
"text": [
"aspirated stops"
],
"answer_start": [
214
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108373 | 5acd29d707355d001abf3768 | Aspirated_consonant | Standard Chinese (Mandarin) has stops and affricates distinguished by aspiration: for instance, /t tʰ/, /t͡s t͡sʰ/. In pinyin, tenuis stops are written with letters that represent voiced consonants in English, and aspirated stops with letters that represent voiceless consonants. Thus d represents /t/, and t represents ... | The English language has stops and affricates distinguished by what? | The English language has stops and affricates distinguished by what? | [
"The English language has stops and affricates distinguished by what?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108374 | 5acd29d707355d001abf3769 | Aspirated_consonant | Standard Chinese (Mandarin) has stops and affricates distinguished by aspiration: for instance, /t tʰ/, /t͡s t͡sʰ/. In pinyin, tenuis stops are written with letters that represent voiced consonants in English, and aspirated stops with letters that represent voiceless consonants. Thus d represents /t/, and t represents ... | In pinyin, tenuis consonants are written how? | In pinyin, tenuis consonants are written how? | [
"In pinyin, tenuis consonants are written how?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108375 | 5acd29d707355d001abf376a | Aspirated_consonant | Standard Chinese (Mandarin) has stops and affricates distinguished by aspiration: for instance, /t tʰ/, /t͡s t͡sʰ/. In pinyin, tenuis stops are written with letters that represent voiced consonants in English, and aspirated stops with letters that represent voiceless consonants. Thus d represents /t/, and t represents ... | In pinyin, unaspirated stops are written how? | In pinyin, unaspirated stops are written how? | [
"In pinyin, unaspirated stops are written how?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108376 | 5acd29d707355d001abf376b | Aspirated_consonant | Standard Chinese (Mandarin) has stops and affricates distinguished by aspiration: for instance, /t tʰ/, /t͡s t͡sʰ/. In pinyin, tenuis stops are written with letters that represent voiced consonants in English, and aspirated stops with letters that represent voiceless consonants. Thus d represents /t/, and t represents ... | What is written with letter that represent voiced consonants? | What is written with letter that represent voiced consonants? | [
"What is written with letter that represent voiced consonants?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108377 | 5acd29d707355d001abf376c | Aspirated_consonant | Standard Chinese (Mandarin) has stops and affricates distinguished by aspiration: for instance, /t tʰ/, /t͡s t͡sʰ/. In pinyin, tenuis stops are written with letters that represent voiced consonants in English, and aspirated stops with letters that represent voiceless consonants. Thus d represents /t/, and t represents ... | What represents d? | What represents d? | [
"What represents d?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108378 | 56e06d44231d4119001ac103 | Aspirated_consonant | Wu Chinese has a three-way distinction in stops and affricates: /p pʰ b/. In addition to aspirated and unaspirated consonants, there is a series of muddy consonants, like /b/. These are pronounced with slack or breathy voice: that is, they are weakly voiced. Muddy consonants as initial cause a syllable to be pronounced... | What has a three-way distinction in regards to stops and affricates? | What has a three-way distinction in regards to stops and affricates? | [
"What has a three-way distinction in regards to stops and affricates?"
] | {
"text": [
"Wu Chinese"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108379 | 56e06d44231d4119001ac104 | Aspirated_consonant | Wu Chinese has a three-way distinction in stops and affricates: /p pʰ b/. In addition to aspirated and unaspirated consonants, there is a series of muddy consonants, like /b/. These are pronounced with slack or breathy voice: that is, they are weakly voiced. Muddy consonants as initial cause a syllable to be pronounced... | What is the actual distinction for Wu Chinese? | What is the actual distinction for Wu Chinese? | [
"What is the actual distinction for Wu Chinese?"
] | {
"text": [
"/p pʰ b/"
],
"answer_start": [
64
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108380 | 56e06d44231d4119001ac105 | Aspirated_consonant | Wu Chinese has a three-way distinction in stops and affricates: /p pʰ b/. In addition to aspirated and unaspirated consonants, there is a series of muddy consonants, like /b/. These are pronounced with slack or breathy voice: that is, they are weakly voiced. Muddy consonants as initial cause a syllable to be pronounced... | What is /b/ representative of, in addition to aspirated and unaspirated consonants? | What is /b/ representative of, in addition to aspirated and unaspirated consonants? | [
"What is /b/ representative of, in addition to aspirated and unaspirated consonants?"
] | {
"text": [
"Muddy consonants"
],
"answer_start": [
259
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108381 | 56e06d44231d4119001ac106 | Aspirated_consonant | Wu Chinese has a three-way distinction in stops and affricates: /p pʰ b/. In addition to aspirated and unaspirated consonants, there is a series of muddy consonants, like /b/. These are pronounced with slack or breathy voice: that is, they are weakly voiced. Muddy consonants as initial cause a syllable to be pronounced... | What kind of voice are muddy consonants pronounced with? | What kind of voice are muddy consonants pronounced with? | [
"What kind of voice are muddy consonants pronounced with?"
] | {
"text": [
"slack or breathy"
],
"answer_start": [
202
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108382 | 5acd2a8c07355d001abf378c | Aspirated_consonant | Wu Chinese has a three-way distinction in stops and affricates: /p pʰ b/. In addition to aspirated and unaspirated consonants, there is a series of muddy consonants, like /b/. These are pronounced with slack or breathy voice: that is, they are weakly voiced. Muddy consonants as initial cause a syllable to be pronounced... | Wu Chinese has a four-way distinction in what? | Wu Chinese has a four-way distinction in what? | [
"Wu Chinese has a four-way distinction in what?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108383 | 5acd2a8c07355d001abf378d | Aspirated_consonant | Wu Chinese has a three-way distinction in stops and affricates: /p pʰ b/. In addition to aspirated and unaspirated consonants, there is a series of muddy consonants, like /b/. These are pronounced with slack or breathy voice: that is, they are weakly voiced. Muddy consonants as initial cause a syllable to be pronounced... | What is strongly voiced? | What is strongly voiced? | [
"What is strongly voiced?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108384 | 5acd2a8c07355d001abf378e | Aspirated_consonant | Wu Chinese has a three-way distinction in stops and affricates: /p pʰ b/. In addition to aspirated and unaspirated consonants, there is a series of muddy consonants, like /b/. These are pronounced with slack or breathy voice: that is, they are weakly voiced. Muddy consonants as initial cause a syllable to be pronounced... | What causes a syllable to be pronounced with high pitch or light tone? | What causes a syllable to be pronounced with high pitch or light tone? | [
"What causes a syllable to be pronounced with high pitch or light tone?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108385 | 5acd2a8c07355d001abf378f | Aspirated_consonant | Wu Chinese has a three-way distinction in stops and affricates: /p pʰ b/. In addition to aspirated and unaspirated consonants, there is a series of muddy consonants, like /b/. These are pronounced with slack or breathy voice: that is, they are weakly voiced. Muddy consonants as initial cause a syllable to be pronounced... | What is an example of a breathy consonant? | What is an example of a breathy consonant? | [
"What is an example of a breathy consonant?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108386 | 5acd2a8c07355d001abf3790 | Aspirated_consonant | Wu Chinese has a three-way distinction in stops and affricates: /p pʰ b/. In addition to aspirated and unaspirated consonants, there is a series of muddy consonants, like /b/. These are pronounced with slack or breathy voice: that is, they are weakly voiced. Muddy consonants as initial cause a syllable to be pronounced... | What causes a stop to be pronounced with low pitch or light tone? | What causes a stop to be pronounced with low pitch or light tone? | [
"What causes a stop to be pronounced with low pitch or light tone?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108387 | 56e06dca231d4119001ac10d | Aspirated_consonant | Many Indo-Aryan languages have aspirated stops. Sanskrit, Hindi, Bengali, Marathi, and Gujarati have a four-way distinction in stops: voiceless, aspirated, voiced, and breathy-voiced or voiced aspirated, such as /p pʰ b bʱ/. Punjabi has lost breathy-voiced consonants, which resulted in a tone system, and therefore has ... | How many distinctions in stops do languages like Bengali and Hindi have? | How many distinctions in stops do languages like Bengali and Hindi have? | [
"How many distinctions in stops do languages like Bengali and Hindi have?"
] | {
"text": [
"four"
],
"answer_start": [
103
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108388 | 56e06dca231d4119001ac10f | Aspirated_consonant | Many Indo-Aryan languages have aspirated stops. Sanskrit, Hindi, Bengali, Marathi, and Gujarati have a four-way distinction in stops: voiceless, aspirated, voiced, and breathy-voiced or voiced aspirated, such as /p pʰ b bʱ/. Punjabi has lost breathy-voiced consonants, which resulted in a tone system, and therefore has ... | What is another term for voice-aspirated? | What is another term for voice-aspirated? | [
"What is another term for voice-aspirated?"
] | {
"text": [
"breathy-voiced"
],
"answer_start": [
168
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108389 | 56e06dca231d4119001ac111 | Aspirated_consonant | Many Indo-Aryan languages have aspirated stops. Sanskrit, Hindi, Bengali, Marathi, and Gujarati have a four-way distinction in stops: voiceless, aspirated, voiced, and breathy-voiced or voiced aspirated, such as /p pʰ b bʱ/. Punjabi has lost breathy-voiced consonants, which resulted in a tone system, and therefore has ... | Which distinction has Punjabi lost? | Which distinction has Punjabi lost? | [
"Which distinction has Punjabi lost?"
] | {
"text": [
"breathy-voiced consonants"
],
"answer_start": [
242
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108390 | 5acd2b2a07355d001abf379e | Aspirated_consonant | Many Indo-Aryan languages have aspirated stops. Sanskrit, Hindi, Bengali, Marathi, and Gujarati have a four-way distinction in stops: voiceless, aspirated, voiced, and breathy-voiced or voiced aspirated, such as /p pʰ b bʱ/. Punjabi has lost breathy-voiced consonants, which resulted in a tone system, and therefore has ... | What languages have unaspirated stops? | What languages have unaspirated stops? | [
"What languages have unaspirated stops?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108391 | 5acd2b2a07355d001abf379f | Aspirated_consonant | Many Indo-Aryan languages have aspirated stops. Sanskrit, Hindi, Bengali, Marathi, and Gujarati have a four-way distinction in stops: voiceless, aspirated, voiced, and breathy-voiced or voiced aspirated, such as /p pʰ b bʱ/. Punjabi has lost breathy-voiced consonants, which resulted in a tone system, and therefore has ... | Sanskrit has a three-way distinction in what? | Sanskrit has a three-way distinction in what? | [
"Sanskrit has a three-way distinction in what?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108392 | 5acd2b2a07355d001abf37a0 | Aspirated_consonant | Many Indo-Aryan languages have aspirated stops. Sanskrit, Hindi, Bengali, Marathi, and Gujarati have a four-way distinction in stops: voiceless, aspirated, voiced, and breathy-voiced or voiced aspirated, such as /p pʰ b bʱ/. Punjabi has lost breathy-voiced consonants, which resulted in a tone system, and therefore has ... | What has gained breathy-voiced consonants? | What has gained breathy-voiced consonants? | [
"What has gained breathy-voiced consonants?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108393 | 5acd2b2a07355d001abf37a1 | Aspirated_consonant | Many Indo-Aryan languages have aspirated stops. Sanskrit, Hindi, Bengali, Marathi, and Gujarati have a four-way distinction in stops: voiceless, aspirated, voiced, and breathy-voiced or voiced aspirated, such as /p pʰ b bʱ/. Punjabi has lost breathy-voiced consonants, which resulted in a tone system, and therefore has ... | What happened to result in a toneless system? | What happened to result in a toneless system? | [
"What happened to result in a toneless system?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108394 | 5acd2b2a07355d001abf37a2 | Aspirated_consonant | Many Indo-Aryan languages have aspirated stops. Sanskrit, Hindi, Bengali, Marathi, and Gujarati have a four-way distinction in stops: voiceless, aspirated, voiced, and breathy-voiced or voiced aspirated, such as /p pʰ b bʱ/. Punjabi has lost breathy-voiced consonants, which resulted in a tone system, and therefore has ... | What is an example of a two-way distinction in stops? | What is an example of a two-way distinction in stops? | [
"What is an example of a two-way distinction in stops?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108395 | 56e06eee231d4119001ac117 | Aspirated_consonant | Some of the Dravidian languages, such as Telugu, Tamil, Malayalam, and Kannada, have a distinction between voiced and voiceless, aspirated and unaspirated only in loanwords from Indo-Aryan languages. In native Dravidian words, there is no distinction between these categories and stops are underspecified for voicing and... | Telegu, Kannada and others are considered to be some of the what languages? | Telegu, Kannada and others are considered to be some of the what languages? | [
"Telegu, Kannada and others are considered to be some of the what languages?"
] | {
"text": [
"Dravidian"
],
"answer_start": [
12
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108396 | 56e06eee231d4119001ac119 | Aspirated_consonant | Some of the Dravidian languages, such as Telugu, Tamil, Malayalam, and Kannada, have a distinction between voiced and voiceless, aspirated and unaspirated only in loanwords from Indo-Aryan languages. In native Dravidian words, there is no distinction between these categories and stops are underspecified for voicing and... | What has no distinction between the categories of voiced, voiceless, aspirated and unaspirated? | What has no distinction between the categories of voiced, voiceless, aspirated and unaspirated? | [
"What has no distinction between the categories of voiced, voiceless, aspirated and unaspirated?"
] | {
"text": [
"native Dravidian words"
],
"answer_start": [
203
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108397 | 5acd2c2e07355d001abf37bc | Aspirated_consonant | Some of the Dravidian languages, such as Telugu, Tamil, Malayalam, and Kannada, have a distinction between voiced and voiceless, aspirated and unaspirated only in loanwords from Indo-Aryan languages. In native Dravidian words, there is no distinction between these categories and stops are underspecified for voicing and... | In native English words, there is no distinction between what? | In native English words, there is no distinction between what? | [
"In native English words, there is no distinction between what?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108398 | 5acd2c2e07355d001abf37bd | Aspirated_consonant | Some of the Dravidian languages, such as Telugu, Tamil, Malayalam, and Kannada, have a distinction between voiced and voiceless, aspirated and unaspirated only in loanwords from Indo-Aryan languages. In native Dravidian words, there is no distinction between these categories and stops are underspecified for voicing and... | What is used only in loanwords from Spanish languages? | What is used only in loanwords from Spanish languages? | [
"What is used only in loanwords from Spanish languages?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108399 | 5acd2c2e07355d001abf37be | Aspirated_consonant | Some of the Dravidian languages, such as Telugu, Tamil, Malayalam, and Kannada, have a distinction between voiced and voiceless, aspirated and unaspirated only in loanwords from Indo-Aryan languages. In native Dravidian words, there is no distinction between these categories and stops are underspecified for voicing and... | What is underspecified for voicing and unaspiratoin? | What is underspecified for voicing and unaspiratoin? | [
"What is underspecified for voicing and unaspiratoin?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
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