gem_id
stringlengths 20
25
| id
stringlengths 24
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| title
stringlengths 3
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| context
stringlengths 151
3.71k
| question
stringlengths 1
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| target
stringlengths 1
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| references
list | answers
dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gem-squad_v2-train-108200
|
5acd477107355d001abf3bf0
|
Estonian_language
|
Many of the coinages that have been considered (often by Aavik himself) as words concocted ex nihilo could well have been influenced by foreign lexical items, for example words from Russian, German, French, Finnish, English and Swedish. Aavik had a broad classical education and knew Ancient Greek, Latin and French. Consider roim ‘crime’ versus English crime or taunima ‘to condemn, disapprove’ versus Finnish tuomita ‘to condemn, to judge’ (these Aavikisms appear in Aavik’s 1921 dictionary). These words might be better regarded as a peculiar manifestation of morpho-phonemic adaptation of a foreign lexical item.
|
What languages did Aavik create?
|
What languages did Aavik create?
|
[
"What languages did Aavik create?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108201
|
5acd477107355d001abf3bf1
|
Estonian_language
|
Many of the coinages that have been considered (often by Aavik himself) as words concocted ex nihilo could well have been influenced by foreign lexical items, for example words from Russian, German, French, Finnish, English and Swedish. Aavik had a broad classical education and knew Ancient Greek, Latin and French. Consider roim ‘crime’ versus English crime or taunima ‘to condemn, disapprove’ versus Finnish tuomita ‘to condemn, to judge’ (these Aavikisms appear in Aavik’s 1921 dictionary). These words might be better regarded as a peculiar manifestation of morpho-phonemic adaptation of a foreign lexical item.
|
When was Aavik's dictionary destroyed?
|
When was Aavik's dictionary destroyed?
|
[
" When was Aavik's dictionary destroyed?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108202
|
5acd477107355d001abf3bf2
|
Estonian_language
|
Many of the coinages that have been considered (often by Aavik himself) as words concocted ex nihilo could well have been influenced by foreign lexical items, for example words from Russian, German, French, Finnish, English and Swedish. Aavik had a broad classical education and knew Ancient Greek, Latin and French. Consider roim ‘crime’ versus English crime or taunima ‘to condemn, disapprove’ versus Finnish tuomita ‘to condemn, to judge’ (these Aavikisms appear in Aavik’s 1921 dictionary). These words might be better regarded as a peculiar manifestation of morpho-phonemic adaptation of a foreign lexical item.
|
What is another term for words Aavik destroyed?
|
What is another term for words Aavik destroyed?
|
[
" What is another term for words Aavik destroyed?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108203
|
5acd477107355d001abf3bf3
|
Estonian_language
|
Many of the coinages that have been considered (often by Aavik himself) as words concocted ex nihilo could well have been influenced by foreign lexical items, for example words from Russian, German, French, Finnish, English and Swedish. Aavik had a broad classical education and knew Ancient Greek, Latin and French. Consider roim ‘crime’ versus English crime or taunima ‘to condemn, disapprove’ versus Finnish tuomita ‘to condemn, to judge’ (these Aavikisms appear in Aavik’s 1921 dictionary). These words might be better regarded as a peculiar manifestation of morpho-phonemic adaptation of a foreign lexical item.
|
Aavik's ex nihilo terms were not influenced by what?
|
Aavik's ex nihilo terms were not influenced by what?
|
[
"Aavik's ex nihilo terms were not influenced by what?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108204
|
56e03fd2231d4119001ac013
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In phonetics, aspiration is the strong burst of breath that accompanies either the release or, in the case of preaspiration, the closure of some obstruents. In English, aspirated consonants are allophones in complementary distribution with their unaspirated counterparts, but in some other languages, notably most Indian and East Asian languages, the difference is contrastive.
|
Aspiration and preaspiration are used in what?
|
Aspiration and preaspiration are used in what?
|
[
"Aspiration and preaspiration are used in what?"
] |
{
"text": [
"phonetics"
],
"answer_start": [
3
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108205
|
56e03fd2231d4119001ac014
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In phonetics, aspiration is the strong burst of breath that accompanies either the release or, in the case of preaspiration, the closure of some obstruents. In English, aspirated consonants are allophones in complementary distribution with their unaspirated counterparts, but in some other languages, notably most Indian and East Asian languages, the difference is contrastive.
|
Aspirated consonants are what in English?
|
Aspirated consonants are what in English?
|
[
"Aspirated consonants are what in English?"
] |
{
"text": [
"allophones"
],
"answer_start": [
194
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108206
|
56e03fd2231d4119001ac015
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In phonetics, aspiration is the strong burst of breath that accompanies either the release or, in the case of preaspiration, the closure of some obstruents. In English, aspirated consonants are allophones in complementary distribution with their unaspirated counterparts, but in some other languages, notably most Indian and East Asian languages, the difference is contrastive.
|
What are two language types where the difference is contrastive?
|
What are two language types where the difference is contrastive?
|
[
"What are two language types where the difference is contrastive?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Indian and East Asian"
],
"answer_start": [
314
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108207
|
5acd155207355d001abf33d4
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In phonetics, aspiration is the strong burst of breath that accompanies either the release or, in the case of preaspiration, the closure of some obstruents. In English, aspirated consonants are allophones in complementary distribution with their unaspirated counterparts, but in some other languages, notably most Indian and East Asian languages, the difference is contrastive.
|
What creates a strong burst of breath?
|
What creates a strong burst of breath?
|
[
"What creates a strong burst of breath?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108208
|
5acd155207355d001abf33d5
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In phonetics, aspiration is the strong burst of breath that accompanies either the release or, in the case of preaspiration, the closure of some obstruents. In English, aspirated consonants are allophones in complementary distribution with their unaspirated counterparts, but in some other languages, notably most Indian and East Asian languages, the difference is contrastive.
|
What are aspirated consonants in the Asian language?
|
What are aspirated consonants in the Asian language?
|
[
"What are aspirated consonants in the Asian language?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108209
|
5acd155207355d001abf33d6
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In phonetics, aspiration is the strong burst of breath that accompanies either the release or, in the case of preaspiration, the closure of some obstruents. In English, aspirated consonants are allophones in complementary distribution with their unaspirated counterparts, but in some other languages, notably most Indian and East Asian languages, the difference is contrastive.
|
Allophones are similar in what two languages?
|
Allophones are similar in what two languages?
|
[
"Allophones are similar in what two languages?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108210
|
5acd155207355d001abf33d7
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In phonetics, aspiration is the strong burst of breath that accompanies either the release or, in the case of preaspiration, the closure of some obstruents. In English, aspirated consonants are allophones in complementary distribution with their unaspirated counterparts, but in some other languages, notably most Indian and East Asian languages, the difference is contrastive.
|
What accompanies the opening of some obstruents?
|
What accompanies the opening of some obstruents?
|
[
"What accompanies the opening of some obstruents?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108211
|
5acd155207355d001abf33d8
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In phonetics, aspiration is the strong burst of breath that accompanies either the release or, in the case of preaspiration, the closure of some obstruents. In English, aspirated consonants are allophones in complementary distribution with their unaspirated counterparts, but in some other languages, notably most Indian and East Asian languages, the difference is contrastive.
|
What uses a weak burst of breath?
|
What uses a weak burst of breath?
|
[
"What uses a weak burst of breath?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108212
|
56e040b27aa994140058e401
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
To feel or see the difference between aspirated and unaspirated sounds, one can put a hand or a lit candle in front of one's mouth, and say pin [pʰɪn] and then spin [spɪn]. One should either feel a puff of air or see a flicker of the candle flame with pin that one does not get with spin. In most dialects of English, the initial consonant is aspirated in pin and unaspirated in spin.
|
With what word should you see a candle flicker or feel a puff of air?
|
With what word should you see a candle flicker or feel a puff of air?
|
[
"With what word should you see a candle flicker or feel a puff of air?"
] |
{
"text": [
"pin"
],
"answer_start": [
140
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108213
|
56e040b27aa994140058e402
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
To feel or see the difference between aspirated and unaspirated sounds, one can put a hand or a lit candle in front of one's mouth, and say pin [pʰɪn] and then spin [spɪn]. One should either feel a puff of air or see a flicker of the candle flame with pin that one does not get with spin. In most dialects of English, the initial consonant is aspirated in pin and unaspirated in spin.
|
In English the first consonant in "pin" is what?
|
In English the first consonant in "pin" is what?
|
[
"In English the first consonant in \"pin\" is what?"
] |
{
"text": [
"aspirated"
],
"answer_start": [
38
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108214
|
5acd16d407355d001abf342c
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
To feel or see the difference between aspirated and unaspirated sounds, one can put a hand or a lit candle in front of one's mouth, and say pin [pʰɪn] and then spin [spɪn]. One should either feel a puff of air or see a flicker of the candle flame with pin that one does not get with spin. In most dialects of English, the initial consonant is aspirated in pin and unaspirated in spin.
|
When should one put a hand or a lit candle in front of one's eyes?
|
When should one put a hand or a lit candle in front of one's eyes?
|
[
"When should one put a hand or a lit candle in front of one's eyes?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108215
|
5acd16d407355d001abf342d
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
To feel or see the difference between aspirated and unaspirated sounds, one can put a hand or a lit candle in front of one's mouth, and say pin [pʰɪn] and then spin [spɪn]. One should either feel a puff of air or see a flicker of the candle flame with pin that one does not get with spin. In most dialects of English, the initial consonant is aspirated in pin and unaspirated in spin.
|
In what dialect would the initial consonant be unaspriated in pin and aspirated in spin?
|
In what dialect would the initial consonant be unaspriated in pin and aspirated in spin?
|
[
"In what dialect would the initial consonant be unaspriated in pin and aspirated in spin?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108216
|
5acd16d407355d001abf342e
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
To feel or see the difference between aspirated and unaspirated sounds, one can put a hand or a lit candle in front of one's mouth, and say pin [pʰɪn] and then spin [spɪn]. One should either feel a puff of air or see a flicker of the candle flame with pin that one does not get with spin. In most dialects of English, the initial consonant is aspirated in pin and unaspirated in spin.
|
Which word would be aspirated in most English dialects?
|
Which word would be aspirated in most English dialects?
|
[
"Which word would be aspirated in most English dialects?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108217
|
5acd16d407355d001abf342f
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
To feel or see the difference between aspirated and unaspirated sounds, one can put a hand or a lit candle in front of one's mouth, and say pin [pʰɪn] and then spin [spɪn]. One should either feel a puff of air or see a flicker of the candle flame with pin that one does not get with spin. In most dialects of English, the initial consonant is aspirated in pin and unaspirated in spin.
|
What would you see when you use your hand to see the difference between aspirated and unaspirated sounds?
|
What would you see when you use your hand to see the difference between aspirated and unaspirated sounds?
|
[
"What would you see when you use your hand to see the difference between aspirated and unaspirated sounds?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108218
|
5acd16d407355d001abf3430
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
To feel or see the difference between aspirated and unaspirated sounds, one can put a hand or a lit candle in front of one's mouth, and say pin [pʰɪn] and then spin [spɪn]. One should either feel a puff of air or see a flicker of the candle flame with pin that one does not get with spin. In most dialects of English, the initial consonant is aspirated in pin and unaspirated in spin.
|
What would you do to see the similarities between aspirated and unaspirated sounds?
|
What would you do to see the similarities between aspirated and unaspirated sounds?
|
[
"What would you do to see the similarities between aspirated and unaspirated sounds?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108219
|
56e042487aa994140058e407
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), aspirated consonants are written using the symbols for voiceless consonants followed by the aspiration modifier letter ⟨◌ʰ⟩, a superscript form of the symbol for the voiceless glottal fricative ⟨h⟩. For instance, ⟨p⟩ represents the voiceless bilabial stop, and ⟨pʰ⟩ represents the aspirated bilabial stop.
|
What does IPA stand for?
|
What does IPA stand for?
|
[
"What does IPA stand for?"
] |
{
"text": [
"International Phonetic Alphabet"
],
"answer_start": [
7
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108220
|
56e042487aa994140058e408
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), aspirated consonants are written using the symbols for voiceless consonants followed by the aspiration modifier letter ⟨◌ʰ⟩, a superscript form of the symbol for the voiceless glottal fricative ⟨h⟩. For instance, ⟨p⟩ represents the voiceless bilabial stop, and ⟨pʰ⟩ represents the aspirated bilabial stop.
|
Written IPA consonants use symbols for what?
|
Written IPA consonants use symbols for what?
|
[
"Written IPA consonants use symbols for what?"
] |
{
"text": [
"voiceless consonants"
],
"answer_start": [
101
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108221
|
56e042487aa994140058e409
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), aspirated consonants are written using the symbols for voiceless consonants followed by the aspiration modifier letter ⟨◌ʰ⟩, a superscript form of the symbol for the voiceless glottal fricative ⟨h⟩. For instance, ⟨p⟩ represents the voiceless bilabial stop, and ⟨pʰ⟩ represents the aspirated bilabial stop.
|
What modifier indicates a voiceless bilabial stop?
|
What modifier indicates a voiceless bilabial stop?
|
[
"What modifier indicates a voiceless bilabial stop?"
] |
{
"text": [
"p"
],
"answer_start": [
32
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108222
|
56e042487aa994140058e40a
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), aspirated consonants are written using the symbols for voiceless consonants followed by the aspiration modifier letter ⟨◌ʰ⟩, a superscript form of the symbol for the voiceless glottal fricative ⟨h⟩. For instance, ⟨p⟩ represents the voiceless bilabial stop, and ⟨pʰ⟩ represents the aspirated bilabial stop.
|
pʰ represents what?
|
pʰ represents what?
|
[
"pʰ represents what?"
] |
{
"text": [
"aspirated bilabial stop"
],
"answer_start": [
327
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108223
|
5acd17e507355d001abf346c
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), aspirated consonants are written using the symbols for voiceless consonants followed by the aspiration modifier letter ⟨◌ʰ⟩, a superscript form of the symbol for the voiceless glottal fricative ⟨h⟩. For instance, ⟨p⟩ represents the voiceless bilabial stop, and ⟨pʰ⟩ represents the aspirated bilabial stop.
|
What is considered an unaspirated consonant?
|
What is considered an unaspirated consonant?
|
[
"What is considered an unaspirated consonant?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108224
|
5acd17e507355d001abf346d
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), aspirated consonants are written using the symbols for voiceless consonants followed by the aspiration modifier letter ⟨◌ʰ⟩, a superscript form of the symbol for the voiceless glottal fricative ⟨h⟩. For instance, ⟨p⟩ represents the voiceless bilabial stop, and ⟨pʰ⟩ represents the aspirated bilabial stop.
|
Aspiration modifiers are represented by what?
|
Aspiration modifiers are represented by what?
|
[
"Aspiration modifiers are represented by what?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108225
|
5acd17e507355d001abf346e
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), aspirated consonants are written using the symbols for voiceless consonants followed by the aspiration modifier letter ⟨◌ʰ⟩, a superscript form of the symbol for the voiceless glottal fricative ⟨h⟩. For instance, ⟨p⟩ represents the voiceless bilabial stop, and ⟨pʰ⟩ represents the aspirated bilabial stop.
|
Voiceless consonants are prefaced by what?
|
Voiceless consonants are prefaced by what?
|
[
"Voiceless consonants are prefaced by what?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108226
|
5acd17e507355d001abf346f
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), aspirated consonants are written using the symbols for voiceless consonants followed by the aspiration modifier letter ⟨◌ʰ⟩, a superscript form of the symbol for the voiceless glottal fricative ⟨h⟩. For instance, ⟨p⟩ represents the voiceless bilabial stop, and ⟨pʰ⟩ represents the aspirated bilabial stop.
|
The voiced glottal fricative is indicated by what letter?
|
The voiced glottal fricative is indicated by what letter?
|
[
"The voiced glottal fricative is indicated by what letter?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108227
|
5acd17e507355d001abf3470
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
In the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), aspirated consonants are written using the symbols for voiceless consonants followed by the aspiration modifier letter ⟨◌ʰ⟩, a superscript form of the symbol for the voiceless glottal fricative ⟨h⟩. For instance, ⟨p⟩ represents the voiceless bilabial stop, and ⟨pʰ⟩ represents the aspirated bilabial stop.
|
The unaspirated bilabial stop is represented by what letter?
|
The unaspirated bilabial stop is represented by what letter?
|
[
"The unaspirated bilabial stop is represented by what letter?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108228
|
56e043c67aa994140058e40f
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Voiced consonants are seldom actually aspirated. Symbols for voiced consonants followed by ⟨◌ʰ⟩, such as ⟨bʰ⟩, typically represent consonants with breathy voiced release (see below). In the grammatical tradition of Sanskrit, aspirated consonants are called voiceless aspirated, and breathy-voiced consonants are called voiced aspirated.
|
What is not often aspirated?
|
What is not often aspirated?
|
[
"What is not often aspirated?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Voiced consonants"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108229
|
56e043c67aa994140058e410
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Voiced consonants are seldom actually aspirated. Symbols for voiced consonants followed by ⟨◌ʰ⟩, such as ⟨bʰ⟩, typically represent consonants with breathy voiced release (see below). In the grammatical tradition of Sanskrit, aspirated consonants are called voiceless aspirated, and breathy-voiced consonants are called voiced aspirated.
|
The symbol followed by bʰ would likely mean the consonant has what type of release?
|
The symbol followed by bʰ would likely mean the consonant has what type of release?
|
[
"The symbol followed by bʰ would likely mean the consonant has what type of release?"
] |
{
"text": [
"breathy"
],
"answer_start": [
147
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108230
|
56e043c67aa994140058e412
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Voiced consonants are seldom actually aspirated. Symbols for voiced consonants followed by ⟨◌ʰ⟩, such as ⟨bʰ⟩, typically represent consonants with breathy voiced release (see below). In the grammatical tradition of Sanskrit, aspirated consonants are called voiceless aspirated, and breathy-voiced consonants are called voiced aspirated.
|
Voiced aspirated consonants are what type?
|
Voiced aspirated consonants are what type?
|
[
"Voiced aspirated consonants are what type?"
] |
{
"text": [
"breathy-voiced"
],
"answer_start": [
282
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108231
|
5acd18c407355d001abf349a
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Voiced consonants are seldom actually aspirated. Symbols for voiced consonants followed by ⟨◌ʰ⟩, such as ⟨bʰ⟩, typically represent consonants with breathy voiced release (see below). In the grammatical tradition of Sanskrit, aspirated consonants are called voiceless aspirated, and breathy-voiced consonants are called voiced aspirated.
|
Voiced symbols are seldom what?
|
Voiced symbols are seldom what?
|
[
"Voiced symbols are seldom what?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108232
|
5acd18c407355d001abf349b
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Voiced consonants are seldom actually aspirated. Symbols for voiced consonants followed by ⟨◌ʰ⟩, such as ⟨bʰ⟩, typically represent consonants with breathy voiced release (see below). In the grammatical tradition of Sanskrit, aspirated consonants are called voiceless aspirated, and breathy-voiced consonants are called voiced aspirated.
|
Symbols for voiceless consonants are typical in what language?
|
Symbols for voiceless consonants are typical in what language?
|
[
"Symbols for voiceless consonants are typical in what language?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108233
|
5acd18c407355d001abf349c
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Voiced consonants are seldom actually aspirated. Symbols for voiced consonants followed by ⟨◌ʰ⟩, such as ⟨bʰ⟩, typically represent consonants with breathy voiced release (see below). In the grammatical tradition of Sanskrit, aspirated consonants are called voiceless aspirated, and breathy-voiced consonants are called voiced aspirated.
|
Unaspirated consonants are called what?
|
Unaspirated consonants are called what?
|
[
"Unaspirated consonants are called what?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108234
|
5acd18c407355d001abf349d
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Voiced consonants are seldom actually aspirated. Symbols for voiced consonants followed by ⟨◌ʰ⟩, such as ⟨bʰ⟩, typically represent consonants with breathy voiced release (see below). In the grammatical tradition of Sanskrit, aspirated consonants are called voiceless aspirated, and breathy-voiced consonants are called voiced aspirated.
|
Symbols for voiced releases typically represent what?
|
Symbols for voiced releases typically represent what?
|
[
"Symbols for voiced releases typically represent what?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108235
|
5acd18c407355d001abf349e
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Voiced consonants are seldom actually aspirated. Symbols for voiced consonants followed by ⟨◌ʰ⟩, such as ⟨bʰ⟩, typically represent consonants with breathy voiced release (see below). In the grammatical tradition of Sanskrit, aspirated consonants are called voiceless aspirated, and breathy-voiced consonants are called voiced aspirated.
|
Breathy-voiced aspirated consonants are called what?
|
Breathy-voiced aspirated consonants are called what?
|
[
"Breathy-voiced aspirated consonants are called what?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108236
|
56e044e9231d4119001ac019
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
There are no dedicated IPA symbols for degrees of aspiration and typically only two degrees are marked: unaspirated ⟨k⟩ and aspirated ⟨kʰ⟩. An old symbol for light aspiration was ⟨ʻ⟩, but this is now obsolete. The aspiration modifier letter may be doubled to indicate especially strong or long aspiration. Hence, the two degrees of aspiration in Korean stops are sometimes transcribed ⟨kʰ kʰʰ⟩ or ⟨kʻ⟩ and ⟨kʰ⟩, but they are usually transcribed [k] and [kʰ], with the details of voice-onset time given numerically.
|
There are no IPA symbols for what?
|
There are no IPA symbols for what?
|
[
"There are no IPA symbols for what?"
] |
{
"text": [
"degrees of aspiration"
],
"answer_start": [
39
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108237
|
56e044e9231d4119001ac01b
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
There are no dedicated IPA symbols for degrees of aspiration and typically only two degrees are marked: unaspirated ⟨k⟩ and aspirated ⟨kʰ⟩. An old symbol for light aspiration was ⟨ʻ⟩, but this is now obsolete. The aspiration modifier letter may be doubled to indicate especially strong or long aspiration. Hence, the two degrees of aspiration in Korean stops are sometimes transcribed ⟨kʰ kʰʰ⟩ or ⟨kʻ⟩ and ⟨kʰ⟩, but they are usually transcribed [k] and [kʰ], with the details of voice-onset time given numerically.
|
What may be doubled to indicate a long aspiration?
|
What may be doubled to indicate a long aspiration?
|
[
"What may be doubled to indicate a long aspiration?"
] |
{
"text": [
"aspiration modifier"
],
"answer_start": [
214
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108238
|
56e044e9231d4119001ac01c
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
There are no dedicated IPA symbols for degrees of aspiration and typically only two degrees are marked: unaspirated ⟨k⟩ and aspirated ⟨kʰ⟩. An old symbol for light aspiration was ⟨ʻ⟩, but this is now obsolete. The aspiration modifier letter may be doubled to indicate especially strong or long aspiration. Hence, the two degrees of aspiration in Korean stops are sometimes transcribed ⟨kʰ kʰʰ⟩ or ⟨kʻ⟩ and ⟨kʰ⟩, but they are usually transcribed [k] and [kʰ], with the details of voice-onset time given numerically.
|
What language, according to the text, may need double stops to indicate aspiration length?
|
What language, according to the text, may need double stops to indicate aspiration length?
|
[
"What language, according to the text, may need double stops to indicate aspiration length?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Korean"
],
"answer_start": [
346
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108239
|
56e044e9231d4119001ac01d
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
There are no dedicated IPA symbols for degrees of aspiration and typically only two degrees are marked: unaspirated ⟨k⟩ and aspirated ⟨kʰ⟩. An old symbol for light aspiration was ⟨ʻ⟩, but this is now obsolete. The aspiration modifier letter may be doubled to indicate especially strong or long aspiration. Hence, the two degrees of aspiration in Korean stops are sometimes transcribed ⟨kʰ kʰʰ⟩ or ⟨kʻ⟩ and ⟨kʰ⟩, but they are usually transcribed [k] and [kʰ], with the details of voice-onset time given numerically.
|
How are voice-onset time details usually presented?
|
How are voice-onset time details usually presented?
|
[
"How are voice-onset time details usually presented?"
] |
{
"text": [
"numerically"
],
"answer_start": [
502
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108240
|
5acd19b407355d001abf34de
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
There are no dedicated IPA symbols for degrees of aspiration and typically only two degrees are marked: unaspirated ⟨k⟩ and aspirated ⟨kʰ⟩. An old symbol for light aspiration was ⟨ʻ⟩, but this is now obsolete. The aspiration modifier letter may be doubled to indicate especially strong or long aspiration. Hence, the two degrees of aspiration in Korean stops are sometimes transcribed ⟨kʰ kʰʰ⟩ or ⟨kʻ⟩ and ⟨kʰ⟩, but they are usually transcribed [k] and [kʰ], with the details of voice-onset time given numerically.
|
Which two IPA symbols are marked?
|
Which two IPA symbols are marked?
|
[
"Which two IPA symbols are marked?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108241
|
5acd19b407355d001abf34df
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
There are no dedicated IPA symbols for degrees of aspiration and typically only two degrees are marked: unaspirated ⟨k⟩ and aspirated ⟨kʰ⟩. An old symbol for light aspiration was ⟨ʻ⟩, but this is now obsolete. The aspiration modifier letter may be doubled to indicate especially strong or long aspiration. Hence, the two degrees of aspiration in Korean stops are sometimes transcribed ⟨kʰ kʰʰ⟩ or ⟨kʻ⟩ and ⟨kʰ⟩, but they are usually transcribed [k] and [kʰ], with the details of voice-onset time given numerically.
|
The two degrees of aspiration in English stops are transcribed as what?
|
The two degrees of aspiration in English stops are transcribed as what?
|
[
"The two degrees of aspiration in English stops are transcribed as what?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108242
|
5acd19b407355d001abf34e0
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
There are no dedicated IPA symbols for degrees of aspiration and typically only two degrees are marked: unaspirated ⟨k⟩ and aspirated ⟨kʰ⟩. An old symbol for light aspiration was ⟨ʻ⟩, but this is now obsolete. The aspiration modifier letter may be doubled to indicate especially strong or long aspiration. Hence, the two degrees of aspiration in Korean stops are sometimes transcribed ⟨kʰ kʰʰ⟩ or ⟨kʻ⟩ and ⟨kʰ⟩, but they are usually transcribed [k] and [kʰ], with the details of voice-onset time given numerically.
|
The details of voice-onset symbols are given how?
|
The details of voice-onset symbols are given how?
|
[
"The details of voice-onset symbols are given how?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108243
|
5acd19b407355d001abf34e1
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
There are no dedicated IPA symbols for degrees of aspiration and typically only two degrees are marked: unaspirated ⟨k⟩ and aspirated ⟨kʰ⟩. An old symbol for light aspiration was ⟨ʻ⟩, but this is now obsolete. The aspiration modifier letter may be doubled to indicate especially strong or long aspiration. Hence, the two degrees of aspiration in Korean stops are sometimes transcribed ⟨kʰ kʰʰ⟩ or ⟨kʻ⟩ and ⟨kʰ⟩, but they are usually transcribed [k] and [kʰ], with the details of voice-onset time given numerically.
|
Which old letter for light aspiration is now obsolete?
|
Which old letter for light aspiration is now obsolete?
|
[
"Which old letter for light aspiration is now obsolete?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108244
|
5acd19b407355d001abf34e2
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
There are no dedicated IPA symbols for degrees of aspiration and typically only two degrees are marked: unaspirated ⟨k⟩ and aspirated ⟨kʰ⟩. An old symbol for light aspiration was ⟨ʻ⟩, but this is now obsolete. The aspiration modifier letter may be doubled to indicate especially strong or long aspiration. Hence, the two degrees of aspiration in Korean stops are sometimes transcribed ⟨kʰ kʰʰ⟩ or ⟨kʻ⟩ and ⟨kʰ⟩, but they are usually transcribed [k] and [kʰ], with the details of voice-onset time given numerically.
|
The aspiration modifier letter may be tripled to indicate what?
|
The aspiration modifier letter may be tripled to indicate what?
|
[
"The aspiration modifier letter may be tripled to indicate what?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108245
|
56e0455c231d4119001ac023
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Preaspirated consonants are marked by placing the aspiration modifier letter before the consonant symbol: ⟨ʰp⟩ represents the preaspirated bilabial stop.
|
A preaspirated consonant is marked how?
|
A preaspirated consonant is marked how?
|
[
"A preaspirated consonant is marked how?"
] |
{
"text": [
"placing the aspiration modifier letter before the consonant symbol"
],
"answer_start": [
38
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108246
|
56e0455c231d4119001ac024
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Preaspirated consonants are marked by placing the aspiration modifier letter before the consonant symbol: ⟨ʰp⟩ represents the preaspirated bilabial stop.
|
What represents a preaspirated bilabial stop?
|
What represents a preaspirated bilabial stop?
|
[
"What represents a preaspirated bilabial stop?"
] |
{
"text": [
"⟨ʰp⟩"
],
"answer_start": [
106
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108247
|
5acd1a5007355d001abf3506
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Preaspirated consonants are marked by placing the aspiration modifier letter before the consonant symbol: ⟨ʰp⟩ represents the preaspirated bilabial stop.
|
Preaspirated symbols are marked how?
|
Preaspirated symbols are marked how?
|
[
"Preaspirated symbols are marked how?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108248
|
5acd1a5007355d001abf3507
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Preaspirated consonants are marked by placing the aspiration modifier letter before the consonant symbol: ⟨ʰp⟩ represents the preaspirated bilabial stop.
|
What represents the unaspirated bilabial stop?
|
What represents the unaspirated bilabial stop?
|
[
"What represents the unaspirated bilabial stop?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108249
|
5acd1a5007355d001abf3508
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Preaspirated consonants are marked by placing the aspiration modifier letter before the consonant symbol: ⟨ʰp⟩ represents the preaspirated bilabial stop.
|
What represents the aspiration modifier letter?
|
What represents the aspiration modifier letter?
|
[
"What represents the aspiration modifier letter?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108250
|
5acd1a5007355d001abf3509
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Preaspirated consonants are marked by placing the aspiration modifier letter before the consonant symbol: ⟨ʰp⟩ represents the preaspirated bilabial stop.
|
What represents the preaspirated bilabial start?
|
What represents the preaspirated bilabial start?
|
[
"What represents the preaspirated bilabial start?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108251
|
5acd1a5007355d001abf350a
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Preaspirated consonants are marked by placing the aspiration modifier letter before the consonant symbol: ⟨ʰp⟩ represents the preaspirated bilabial stop.
|
Unaspirated consonants are marked how?
|
Unaspirated consonants are marked how?
|
[
"Unaspirated consonants are marked how?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108252
|
56e045d2231d4119001ac027
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Unaspirated or tenuis consonants are occasionally marked with the modifier letter for unaspiration ⟨◌˭⟩, a superscript equal sign: ⟨t˭⟩. Usually, however, unaspirated consonants are left unmarked: ⟨t⟩.
|
How are unaspirated or tenuis consonants sometimes marked for unaspiration?
|
How are unaspirated or tenuis consonants sometimes marked for unaspiration?
|
[
"How are unaspirated or tenuis consonants sometimes marked for unaspiration?"
] |
{
"text": [
"with the modifier letter"
],
"answer_start": [
57
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108253
|
56e045d2231d4119001ac028
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Unaspirated or tenuis consonants are occasionally marked with the modifier letter for unaspiration ⟨◌˭⟩, a superscript equal sign: ⟨t˭⟩. Usually, however, unaspirated consonants are left unmarked: ⟨t⟩.
|
What is the superscript equal sign?
|
What is the superscript equal sign?
|
[
"What is the superscript equal sign?"
] |
{
"text": [
"⟨t˭⟩"
],
"answer_start": [
131
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108254
|
56e045d2231d4119001ac029
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Unaspirated or tenuis consonants are occasionally marked with the modifier letter for unaspiration ⟨◌˭⟩, a superscript equal sign: ⟨t˭⟩. Usually, however, unaspirated consonants are left unmarked: ⟨t⟩.
|
Most often, unaspirated consonants are what?
|
Most often, unaspirated consonants are what?
|
[
"Most often, unaspirated consonants are what?"
] |
{
"text": [
"left unmarked"
],
"answer_start": [
182
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108255
|
56e045d2231d4119001ac02a
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Unaspirated or tenuis consonants are occasionally marked with the modifier letter for unaspiration ⟨◌˭⟩, a superscript equal sign: ⟨t˭⟩. Usually, however, unaspirated consonants are left unmarked: ⟨t⟩.
|
How are unaspirated consonants left unmarked?
|
How are unaspirated consonants left unmarked?
|
[
"How are unaspirated consonants left unmarked?"
] |
{
"text": [
"⟨t⟩"
],
"answer_start": [
197
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108256
|
5acd1baa07355d001abf3560
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Unaspirated or tenuis consonants are occasionally marked with the modifier letter for unaspiration ⟨◌˭⟩, a superscript equal sign: ⟨t˭⟩. Usually, however, unaspirated consonants are left unmarked: ⟨t⟩.
|
Aspirated or tenuis consonants are occasionally marked how?
|
Aspirated or tenuis consonants are occasionally marked how?
|
[
"Aspirated or tenuis consonants are occasionally marked how?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108257
|
5acd1baa07355d001abf3561
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Unaspirated or tenuis consonants are occasionally marked with the modifier letter for unaspiration ⟨◌˭⟩, a superscript equal sign: ⟨t˭⟩. Usually, however, unaspirated consonants are left unmarked: ⟨t⟩.
|
How are aspirated consonants marked?
|
How are aspirated consonants marked?
|
[
"How are aspirated consonants marked?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108258
|
5acd1baa07355d001abf3562
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Unaspirated or tenuis consonants are occasionally marked with the modifier letter for unaspiration ⟨◌˭⟩, a superscript equal sign: ⟨t˭⟩. Usually, however, unaspirated consonants are left unmarked: ⟨t⟩.
|
How are aspirated consonants usually left?
|
How are aspirated consonants usually left?
|
[
"How are aspirated consonants usually left?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108259
|
5acd1baa07355d001abf3563
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Unaspirated or tenuis consonants are occasionally marked with the modifier letter for unaspiration ⟨◌˭⟩, a superscript equal sign: ⟨t˭⟩. Usually, however, unaspirated consonants are left unmarked: ⟨t⟩.
|
What is occasionally marked with the modifier letter for aspiration?
|
What is occasionally marked with the modifier letter for aspiration?
|
[
"What is occasionally marked with the modifier letter for aspiration?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108260
|
5acd1baa07355d001abf3564
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Unaspirated or tenuis consonants are occasionally marked with the modifier letter for unaspiration ⟨◌˭⟩, a superscript equal sign: ⟨t˭⟩. Usually, however, unaspirated consonants are left unmarked: ⟨t⟩.
|
Unspirated or tenuis symbols are occasionally marked with which letter?
|
Unspirated or tenuis symbols are occasionally marked with which letter?
|
[
"Unspirated or tenuis symbols are occasionally marked with which letter?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108261
|
56e04669231d4119001ac02f
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Voiceless consonants are produced with the vocal folds open (spread) and not vibrating, and voiced consonants are produced when the vocal folds are fractionally closed and vibrating (modal voice). Voiceless aspiration occurs when the vocal cords remain open after a consonant is released. An easy way to measure this is by noting the consonant's voice-onset time, as the voicing of a following vowel cannot begin until the vocal cords close.
|
What is created when the vocal folds are spread and do not vibrate?
|
What is created when the vocal folds are spread and do not vibrate?
|
[
"What is created when the vocal folds are spread and do not vibrate?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Voiceless consonants"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108262
|
56e04669231d4119001ac030
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Voiceless consonants are produced with the vocal folds open (spread) and not vibrating, and voiced consonants are produced when the vocal folds are fractionally closed and vibrating (modal voice). Voiceless aspiration occurs when the vocal cords remain open after a consonant is released. An easy way to measure this is by noting the consonant's voice-onset time, as the voicing of a following vowel cannot begin until the vocal cords close.
|
What is created when vocal folds are slightly closed and vibrate?
|
What is created when vocal folds are slightly closed and vibrate?
|
[
"What is created when vocal folds are slightly closed and vibrate?"
] |
{
"text": [
"voiced consonants"
],
"answer_start": [
92
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108263
|
56e04669231d4119001ac031
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Voiceless consonants are produced with the vocal folds open (spread) and not vibrating, and voiced consonants are produced when the vocal folds are fractionally closed and vibrating (modal voice). Voiceless aspiration occurs when the vocal cords remain open after a consonant is released. An easy way to measure this is by noting the consonant's voice-onset time, as the voicing of a following vowel cannot begin until the vocal cords close.
|
What is it called when a person's vocal cords stay open after a consonant?
|
What is it called when a person's vocal cords stay open after a consonant?
|
[
"What is it called when a person's vocal cords stay open after a consonant?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Voiceless aspiration"
],
"answer_start": [
197
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108264
|
5acd1c7207355d001abf3574
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Voiceless consonants are produced with the vocal folds open (spread) and not vibrating, and voiced consonants are produced when the vocal folds are fractionally closed and vibrating (modal voice). Voiceless aspiration occurs when the vocal cords remain open after a consonant is released. An easy way to measure this is by noting the consonant's voice-onset time, as the voicing of a following vowel cannot begin until the vocal cords close.
|
Voiced consonants are produced when what opens?
|
Voiced consonants are produced when what opens?
|
[
"Voiced consonants are produced when what opens?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108265
|
5acd1c7207355d001abf3575
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Voiceless consonants are produced with the vocal folds open (spread) and not vibrating, and voiced consonants are produced when the vocal folds are fractionally closed and vibrating (modal voice). Voiceless aspiration occurs when the vocal cords remain open after a consonant is released. An easy way to measure this is by noting the consonant's voice-onset time, as the voicing of a following vowel cannot begin until the vocal cords close.
|
How would you measure voiced aspiration?
|
How would you measure voiced aspiration?
|
[
"How would you measure voiced aspiration?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108266
|
5acd1c7207355d001abf3576
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Voiceless consonants are produced with the vocal folds open (spread) and not vibrating, and voiced consonants are produced when the vocal folds are fractionally closed and vibrating (modal voice). Voiceless aspiration occurs when the vocal cords remain open after a consonant is released. An easy way to measure this is by noting the consonant's voice-onset time, as the voicing of a following vowel cannot begin until the vocal cords close.
|
When the vocal folds are vibrating, what is produced?
|
When the vocal folds are vibrating, what is produced?
|
[
"When the vocal folds are vibrating, what is produced?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108267
|
5acd1c7207355d001abf3577
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Voiceless consonants are produced with the vocal folds open (spread) and not vibrating, and voiced consonants are produced when the vocal folds are fractionally closed and vibrating (modal voice). Voiceless aspiration occurs when the vocal cords remain open after a consonant is released. An easy way to measure this is by noting the consonant's voice-onset time, as the voicing of a following vowel cannot begin until the vocal cords close.
|
What can not begin until after the vocal cords open?
|
What can not begin until after the vocal cords open?
|
[
"What can not begin until after the vocal cords open?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108268
|
5acd1c7207355d001abf3578
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Voiceless consonants are produced with the vocal folds open (spread) and not vibrating, and voiced consonants are produced when the vocal folds are fractionally closed and vibrating (modal voice). Voiceless aspiration occurs when the vocal cords remain open after a consonant is released. An easy way to measure this is by noting the consonant's voice-onset time, as the voicing of a following vowel cannot begin until the vocal cords close.
|
What is produced when the vocal folds are open and vibrating?
|
What is produced when the vocal folds are open and vibrating?
|
[
"What is produced when the vocal folds are open and vibrating?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108269
|
56e046bc7aa994140058e417
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Phonetically in some languages, such as Navajo, aspiration of stops tends to be realised as voiceless velar airflow; aspiration of affricates is realised as an extended length of the frication.
|
Aspiration of stops is seen as voiceless velar airflow in some languages, such as what?
|
Aspiration of stops is seen as voiceless velar airflow in some languages, such as what?
|
[
"Aspiration of stops is seen as voiceless velar airflow in some languages, such as what?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Navajo"
],
"answer_start": [
40
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108270
|
56e046bc7aa994140058e418
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Phonetically in some languages, such as Navajo, aspiration of stops tends to be realised as voiceless velar airflow; aspiration of affricates is realised as an extended length of the frication.
|
In Navajo, the aspiration of affricates can be seen as what?
|
In Navajo, the aspiration of affricates can be seen as what?
|
[
"In Navajo, the aspiration of affricates can be seen as what?"
] |
{
"text": [
"an extended length of the frication"
],
"answer_start": [
157
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108271
|
5acd1d7207355d001abf3592
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Phonetically in some languages, such as Navajo, aspiration of stops tends to be realised as voiceless velar airflow; aspiration of affricates is realised as an extended length of the frication.
|
What is realized as an extended length of the airflow?
|
What is realized as an extended length of the airflow?
|
[
"What is realized as an extended length of the airflow?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108272
|
5acd1d7207355d001abf3593
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Phonetically in some languages, such as Navajo, aspiration of stops tends to be realised as voiceless velar airflow; aspiration of affricates is realised as an extended length of the frication.
|
In what language does the unaspiration of stops tend to be realized as voiceless velar airflow?
|
In what language does the unaspiration of stops tend to be realized as voiceless velar airflow?
|
[
"In what language does the unaspiration of stops tend to be realized as voiceless velar airflow?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108273
|
5acd1d7207355d001abf3594
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Phonetically in some languages, such as Navajo, aspiration of stops tends to be realised as voiceless velar airflow; aspiration of affricates is realised as an extended length of the frication.
|
What is realized as voiced velar airflow?
|
What is realized as voiced velar airflow?
|
[
"What is realized as voiced velar airflow?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108274
|
5acd1d7207355d001abf3595
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Phonetically in some languages, such as Navajo, aspiration of stops tends to be realised as voiceless velar airflow; aspiration of affricates is realised as an extended length of the frication.
|
In what language does voiceless velar airflow not exist?
|
In what language does voiceless velar airflow not exist?
|
[
"In what language does voiceless velar airflow not exist?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108275
|
5acd1d7207355d001abf3596
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Phonetically in some languages, such as Navajo, aspiration of stops tends to be realised as voiceless velar airflow; aspiration of affricates is realised as an extended length of the frication.
|
Aspiration of airflow is realized as what?
|
Aspiration of airflow is realized as what?
|
[
"Aspiration of airflow is realized as what?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108276
|
56e047177aa994140058e41c
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Aspirated consonants are not always followed by vowels or other voiced sounds. For example, in Eastern Armenian, aspiration is contrastive even word-finally, and aspirated consonants occur in consonant clusters. In Wahgi, consonants are aspirated only in final position.
|
In Eastern Armenian, aspirated consonants occur in what?
|
In Eastern Armenian, aspirated consonants occur in what?
|
[
"In Eastern Armenian, aspirated consonants occur in what?"
] |
{
"text": [
"consonant clusters"
],
"answer_start": [
192
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108277
|
56e047177aa994140058e41d
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Aspirated consonants are not always followed by vowels or other voiced sounds. For example, in Eastern Armenian, aspiration is contrastive even word-finally, and aspirated consonants occur in consonant clusters. In Wahgi, consonants are aspirated only in final position.
|
Where are consonants aspirated in just the final position?
|
Where are consonants aspirated in just the final position?
|
[
"Where are consonants aspirated in just the final position?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Wahgi"
],
"answer_start": [
215
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108278
|
5acd1e2007355d001abf35b0
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Aspirated consonants are not always followed by vowels or other voiced sounds. For example, in Eastern Armenian, aspiration is contrastive even word-finally, and aspirated consonants occur in consonant clusters. In Wahgi, consonants are aspirated only in final position.
|
Unaspirated consonants are not always followed by what?
|
Unaspirated consonants are not always followed by what?
|
[
"Unaspirated consonants are not always followed by what?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108279
|
5acd1e2007355d001abf35b1
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Aspirated consonants are not always followed by vowels or other voiced sounds. For example, in Eastern Armenian, aspiration is contrastive even word-finally, and aspirated consonants occur in consonant clusters. In Wahgi, consonants are aspirated only in final position.
|
In what language is unaspiration contrastive?
|
In what language is unaspiration contrastive?
|
[
"In what language is unaspiration contrastive?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108280
|
5acd1e2007355d001abf35b2
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Aspirated consonants are not always followed by vowels or other voiced sounds. For example, in Eastern Armenian, aspiration is contrastive even word-finally, and aspirated consonants occur in consonant clusters. In Wahgi, consonants are aspirated only in final position.
|
In what language are consonants aspirated only in start position?
|
In what language are consonants aspirated only in start position?
|
[
"In what language are consonants aspirated only in start position?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108281
|
5acd1e2007355d001abf35b3
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Aspirated consonants are not always followed by vowels or other voiced sounds. For example, in Eastern Armenian, aspiration is contrastive even word-finally, and aspirated consonants occur in consonant clusters. In Wahgi, consonants are aspirated only in final position.
|
What occurs in sound clusters?
|
What occurs in sound clusters?
|
[
"What occurs in sound clusters?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108282
|
5acd1e2007355d001abf35b4
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Aspirated consonants are not always followed by vowels or other voiced sounds. For example, in Eastern Armenian, aspiration is contrastive even word-finally, and aspirated consonants occur in consonant clusters. In Wahgi, consonants are aspirated only in final position.
|
What is not always followed by vowels or unvoiced sounds?
|
What is not always followed by vowels or unvoiced sounds?
|
[
"What is not always followed by vowels or unvoiced sounds?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108283
|
56e047997aa994140058e422
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Armenian and Cantonese have aspiration that lasts about as long as English aspirated stops, in addition to unaspirated stops. Korean has lightly aspirated stops that fall between the Armenian and Cantonese unaspirated and aspirated stops as well as strongly aspirated stops whose aspiration lasts longer than that of Armenian or Cantonese. (See voice-onset time.)
|
As well as lasting as long as an English aspirated stop, the Armenian and Cantonese aspiration lasts as long as what?
|
As well as lasting as long as an English aspirated stop, the Armenian and Cantonese aspiration lasts as long as what?
|
[
"As well as lasting as long as an English aspirated stop, the Armenian and Cantonese aspiration lasts as long as what?"
] |
{
"text": [
"unaspirated stops"
],
"answer_start": [
107
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108284
|
5acd1f4407355d001abf35c4
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Armenian and Cantonese have aspiration that lasts about as long as English aspirated stops, in addition to unaspirated stops. Korean has lightly aspirated stops that fall between the Armenian and Cantonese unaspirated and aspirated stops as well as strongly aspirated stops whose aspiration lasts longer than that of Armenian or Cantonese. (See voice-onset time.)
|
What languages have aspiration that lasts about as long as Korean aspirated stops?
|
What languages have aspiration that lasts about as long as Korean aspirated stops?
|
[
"What languages have aspiration that lasts about as long as Korean aspirated stops?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108285
|
5acd1f4407355d001abf35c5
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Armenian and Cantonese have aspiration that lasts about as long as English aspirated stops, in addition to unaspirated stops. Korean has lightly aspirated stops that fall between the Armenian and Cantonese unaspirated and aspirated stops as well as strongly aspirated stops whose aspiration lasts longer than that of Armenian or Cantonese. (See voice-onset time.)
|
Whose aspiration lasts longer than that of Armenian or Korean?
|
Whose aspiration lasts longer than that of Armenian or Korean?
|
[
"Whose aspiration lasts longer than that of Armenian or Korean?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108286
|
5acd1f4407355d001abf35c6
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Armenian and Cantonese have aspiration that lasts about as long as English aspirated stops, in addition to unaspirated stops. Korean has lightly aspirated stops that fall between the Armenian and Cantonese unaspirated and aspirated stops as well as strongly aspirated stops whose aspiration lasts longer than that of Armenian or Cantonese. (See voice-onset time.)
|
Whose stops are shorter than that of Armenian or Cantonese?
|
Whose stops are shorter than that of Armenian or Cantonese?
|
[
"Whose stops are shorter than that of Armenian or Cantonese?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108287
|
5acd1f4407355d001abf35c7
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Armenian and Cantonese have aspiration that lasts about as long as English aspirated stops, in addition to unaspirated stops. Korean has lightly aspirated stops that fall between the Armenian and Cantonese unaspirated and aspirated stops as well as strongly aspirated stops whose aspiration lasts longer than that of Armenian or Cantonese. (See voice-onset time.)
|
Korean has what kind of unaspirated stops?
|
Korean has what kind of unaspirated stops?
|
[
"Korean has what kind of unaspirated stops?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108288
|
5acd1f4407355d001abf35c8
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Armenian and Cantonese have aspiration that lasts about as long as English aspirated stops, in addition to unaspirated stops. Korean has lightly aspirated stops that fall between the Armenian and Cantonese unaspirated and aspirated stops as well as strongly aspirated stops whose aspiration lasts longer than that of Armenian or Cantonese. (See voice-onset time.)
|
Armenian unaspirated stops last longer than whose?
|
Armenian unaspirated stops last longer than whose?
|
[
"Armenian unaspirated stops last longer than whose?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108289
|
56e048cf231d4119001ac039
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Aspiration varies with place of articulation. The Spanish voiceless stops /p t k/ have voice-onset times (VOTs) of about 5, 10, and 30 milliseconds, whereas English aspirated /p t k/ have VOTs of about 60, 70, and 80 ms. Voice-onset time in Korean has been measured at 20, 25, and 50 ms for /p t k/ and 90, 95, and 125 for /pʰ tʰ kʰ/.
|
Aspiration alters with what?
|
Aspiration alters with what?
|
[
"Aspiration alters with what?"
] |
{
"text": [
"place of articulation"
],
"answer_start": [
23
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108290
|
5acd1ffd07355d001abf35d6
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Aspiration varies with place of articulation. The Spanish voiceless stops /p t k/ have voice-onset times (VOTs) of about 5, 10, and 30 milliseconds, whereas English aspirated /p t k/ have VOTs of about 60, 70, and 80 ms. Voice-onset time in Korean has been measured at 20, 25, and 50 ms for /p t k/ and 90, 95, and 125 for /pʰ tʰ kʰ/.
|
Voice-onset times in Armenian measure at 20, 25, and what?
|
Voice-onset times in Armenian measure at 20, 25, and what?
|
[
"Voice-onset times in Armenian measure at 20, 25, and what?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108291
|
5acd1ffd07355d001abf35d7
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Aspiration varies with place of articulation. The Spanish voiceless stops /p t k/ have voice-onset times (VOTs) of about 5, 10, and 30 milliseconds, whereas English aspirated /p t k/ have VOTs of about 60, 70, and 80 ms. Voice-onset time in Korean has been measured at 20, 25, and 50 ms for /p t k/ and 90, 95, and 125 for /pʰ tʰ kʰ/.
|
Unaspiration varies with what?
|
Unaspiration varies with what?
|
[
"Unaspiration varies with what?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108292
|
5acd1ffd07355d001abf35d8
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Aspiration varies with place of articulation. The Spanish voiceless stops /p t k/ have voice-onset times (VOTs) of about 5, 10, and 30 milliseconds, whereas English aspirated /p t k/ have VOTs of about 60, 70, and 80 ms. Voice-onset time in Korean has been measured at 20, 25, and 50 ms for /p t k/ and 90, 95, and 125 for /pʰ tʰ kʰ/.
|
Which language measures at 60, 70, and 50 ms?
|
Which language measures at 60, 70, and 50 ms?
|
[
"Which language measures at 60, 70, and 50 ms?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108293
|
5acd1ffd07355d001abf35d9
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Aspiration varies with place of articulation. The Spanish voiceless stops /p t k/ have voice-onset times (VOTs) of about 5, 10, and 30 milliseconds, whereas English aspirated /p t k/ have VOTs of about 60, 70, and 80 ms. Voice-onset time in Korean has been measured at 20, 25, and 50 ms for /p t k/ and 90, 95, and 125 for /pʰ tʰ kʰ/.
|
The Spanish voice-closing times are what?
|
The Spanish voice-closing times are what?
|
[
"The Spanish voice-closing times are what?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108294
|
5acd1ffd07355d001abf35da
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
Aspiration varies with place of articulation. The Spanish voiceless stops /p t k/ have voice-onset times (VOTs) of about 5, 10, and 30 milliseconds, whereas English aspirated /p t k/ have VOTs of about 60, 70, and 80 ms. Voice-onset time in Korean has been measured at 20, 25, and 50 ms for /p t k/ and 90, 95, and 125 for /pʰ tʰ kʰ/.
|
The Spanish voiced stops are?
|
The Spanish voiced stops are?
|
[
"The Spanish voiced stops are?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108295
|
56e06606231d4119001ac097
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
When aspirated consonants are doubled or geminated, the stop is held longer and then has an aspirated release. An aspirated affricate consists of a stop, fricative, and aspirated release. A doubled aspirated affricate has a longer hold in the stop portion and then has a release consisting of the fricative and aspiration.
|
What happens when an aspirated consonant is doubled or geminated?
|
What happens when an aspirated consonant is doubled or geminated?
|
[
"What happens when an aspirated consonant is doubled or geminated?"
] |
{
"text": [
"the stop is held longer and then has an aspirated release."
],
"answer_start": [
52
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108296
|
56e06606231d4119001ac098
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
When aspirated consonants are doubled or geminated, the stop is held longer and then has an aspirated release. An aspirated affricate consists of a stop, fricative, and aspirated release. A doubled aspirated affricate has a longer hold in the stop portion and then has a release consisting of the fricative and aspiration.
|
What is comprised of a stop, fricative, and aspirated release?
|
What is comprised of a stop, fricative, and aspirated release?
|
[
"What is comprised of a stop, fricative, and aspirated release?"
] |
{
"text": [
"An aspirated affricate"
],
"answer_start": [
111
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108297
|
5acd20ca07355d001abf35f4
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
When aspirated consonants are doubled or geminated, the stop is held longer and then has an aspirated release. An aspirated affricate consists of a stop, fricative, and aspirated release. A doubled aspirated affricate has a longer hold in the stop portion and then has a release consisting of the fricative and aspiration.
|
What happens when aspirated consonants are tripled or germinated?
|
What happens when aspirated consonants are tripled or germinated?
|
[
"What happens when aspirated consonants are tripled or germinated?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108298
|
5acd20ca07355d001abf35f5
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
When aspirated consonants are doubled or geminated, the stop is held longer and then has an aspirated release. An aspirated affricate consists of a stop, fricative, and aspirated release. A doubled aspirated affricate has a longer hold in the stop portion and then has a release consisting of the fricative and aspiration.
|
What has a release of the fricative and unaspiration?
|
What has a release of the fricative and unaspiration?
|
[
"What has a release of the fricative and unaspiration?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-108299
|
5acd20ca07355d001abf35f6
|
Aspirated_consonant
|
When aspirated consonants are doubled or geminated, the stop is held longer and then has an aspirated release. An aspirated affricate consists of a stop, fricative, and aspirated release. A doubled aspirated affricate has a longer hold in the stop portion and then has a release consisting of the fricative and aspiration.
|
An unaspirated consonant consists of what?
|
An unaspirated consonant consists of what?
|
[
"An unaspirated consonant consists of what?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
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