gem_id stringlengths 20 25 | id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringlengths 3 59 | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 1 270 | target stringlengths 1 270 | references list | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gem-squad_v2-train-113000 | 570d6819b3d812140066d869 | Adolescence | Jean Macfarlane founded the University of California, Berkeley's Institute of Human Development, formerly called the Institute of Child Welfare, in 1927. The Institute was instrumental in initiating studies of healthy development, in contrast to previous work that had been dominated by theories based on pathological pe... | Who founded the University of California, Berkeley's Institude of Human Development? | Who founded the University of California, Berkeley's Institude of Human Development? | [
"Who founded the University of California, Berkeley's Institude of Human Development?"
] | {
"text": [
"Jean Macfarlane"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113001 | 570d6819b3d812140066d86a | Adolescence | Jean Macfarlane founded the University of California, Berkeley's Institute of Human Development, formerly called the Institute of Child Welfare, in 1927. The Institute was instrumental in initiating studies of healthy development, in contrast to previous work that had been dominated by theories based on pathological pe... | What year was the University of California, Berkeley's Instutute of Human Development founded? | What year was the University of California, Berkeley's Instutute of Human Development founded? | [
"What year was the University of California, Berkeley's Instutute of Human Development founded?"
] | {
"text": [
"1927"
],
"answer_start": [
148
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113002 | 570d6819b3d812140066d86b | Adolescence | Jean Macfarlane founded the University of California, Berkeley's Institute of Human Development, formerly called the Institute of Child Welfare, in 1927. The Institute was instrumental in initiating studies of healthy development, in contrast to previous work that had been dominated by theories based on pathological pe... | What was the Univerity of California, Berkeley's Institute of Human Development formerly called? | What was the Univerity of California, Berkeley's Institute of Human Development formerly called? | [
"What was the Univerity of California, Berkeley's Institute of Human Development formerly called?"
] | {
"text": [
"Institute of Child Welfare"
],
"answer_start": [
117
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113003 | 570d6819b3d812140066d86c | Adolescence | Jean Macfarlane founded the University of California, Berkeley's Institute of Human Development, formerly called the Institute of Child Welfare, in 1927. The Institute was instrumental in initiating studies of healthy development, in contrast to previous work that had been dominated by theories based on pathological pe... | What year was the Oakland Growth Study initiated? | What year was the Oakland Growth Study initiated? | [
"What year was the Oakland Growth Study initiated?"
] | {
"text": [
"1931"
],
"answer_start": [
570
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113004 | 570d6819b3d812140066d86d | Adolescence | Jean Macfarlane founded the University of California, Berkeley's Institute of Human Development, formerly called the Institute of Child Welfare, in 1927. The Institute was instrumental in initiating studies of healthy development, in contrast to previous work that had been dominated by theories based on pathological pe... | What year did data for the Oakland Growth Study stop being collected? | What year did data for the Oakland Growth Study stop being collected? | [
"What year did data for the Oakland Growth Study stop being collected?"
] | {
"text": [
"1981"
],
"answer_start": [
725
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113005 | 570d7b4db3d812140066d9cb | Adolescence | The major landmark of puberty for males is the first ejaculation, which occurs, on average, at age 13. For females, it is menarche, the onset of menstruation, which occurs, on average, between ages 12 and 13. The age of menarche is influenced by heredity, but a girl's diet and lifestyle contribute as well. Regardless o... | What is a male's major landmark of puberty? | What is a male's major landmark of puberty? | [
"What is a male's major landmark of puberty?"
] | {
"text": [
"first ejaculation"
],
"answer_start": [
47
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113006 | 570d7b4db3d812140066d9cc | Adolescence | The major landmark of puberty for males is the first ejaculation, which occurs, on average, at age 13. For females, it is menarche, the onset of menstruation, which occurs, on average, between ages 12 and 13. The age of menarche is influenced by heredity, but a girl's diet and lifestyle contribute as well. Regardless o... | At what average age does a male's first ejaculation occur? | At what average age does a male's first ejaculation occur? | [
"At what average age does a male's first ejaculation occur?"
] | {
"text": [
"13"
],
"answer_start": [
99
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113007 | 570d7b4db3d812140066d9cd | Adolescence | The major landmark of puberty for males is the first ejaculation, which occurs, on average, at age 13. For females, it is menarche, the onset of menstruation, which occurs, on average, between ages 12 and 13. The age of menarche is influenced by heredity, but a girl's diet and lifestyle contribute as well. Regardless o... | What is a female's major landmark of puberty? | What is a female's major landmark of puberty? | [
"What is a female's major landmark of puberty?"
] | {
"text": [
"menstruation"
],
"answer_start": [
145
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113008 | 570d7b4db3d812140066d9ce | Adolescence | The major landmark of puberty for males is the first ejaculation, which occurs, on average, at age 13. For females, it is menarche, the onset of menstruation, which occurs, on average, between ages 12 and 13. The age of menarche is influenced by heredity, but a girl's diet and lifestyle contribute as well. Regardless o... | Besides heredity, what other factors contribute to when menustration begins? | Besides heredity, what other factors contribute to when menustration begins? | [
"Besides heredity, what other factors contribute to when menustration begins?"
] | {
"text": [
"diet and lifestyle"
],
"answer_start": [
269
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113009 | 570d7b4db3d812140066d9cf | Adolescence | The major landmark of puberty for males is the first ejaculation, which occurs, on average, at age 13. For females, it is menarche, the onset of menstruation, which occurs, on average, between ages 12 and 13. The age of menarche is influenced by heredity, but a girl's diet and lifestyle contribute as well. Regardless o... | Do girls who are malnourished start menustrating earlier or later than those with high-fat diets? | Do girls who are malnourished start menustrating earlier or later than those with high-fat diets? | [
"Do girls who are malnourished start menustrating earlier or later than those with high-fat diets?"
] | {
"text": [
"later"
],
"answer_start": [
777
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113010 | 570d7fc7fed7b91900d461d1 | Adolescence | Adolescents can conceptualize multiple "possible selves" that they could become and long-term possibilities and consequences of their choices. Exploring these possibilities may result in abrupt changes in self-presentation as the adolescent chooses or rejects qualities and behaviors, trying to guide the actual self tow... | How can the ideal self be described in terms of the adolescent? | How can the ideal self be described in terms of the adolescent? | [
"How can the ideal self be described in terms of the adolescent?"
] | {
"text": [
"who the adolescent wishes to be"
],
"answer_start": [
340
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113011 | 570d7fc7fed7b91900d461d2 | Adolescence | Adolescents can conceptualize multiple "possible selves" that they could become and long-term possibilities and consequences of their choices. Exploring these possibilities may result in abrupt changes in self-presentation as the adolescent chooses or rejects qualities and behaviors, trying to guide the actual self tow... | How can the feared self be described in terms of the adolescent? | How can the feared self be described in terms of the adolescent? | [
"How can the feared self be described in terms of the adolescent?"
] | {
"text": [
"who the adolescent does not want to be"
],
"answer_start": [
404
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113012 | 570d7fc7fed7b91900d461d3 | Adolescence | Adolescents can conceptualize multiple "possible selves" that they could become and long-term possibilities and consequences of their choices. Exploring these possibilities may result in abrupt changes in self-presentation as the adolescent chooses or rejects qualities and behaviors, trying to guide the actual self tow... | Do adolescents demonstrate intended behavior moving towards the ideal or feared self? | Do adolescents demonstrate intended behavior moving towards the ideal or feared self? | [
"Do adolescents demonstrate intended behavior moving towards the ideal or feared self?"
] | {
"text": [
"ideal"
],
"answer_start": [
328
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113013 | 570d80ccb3d812140066da0d | Adolescence | In females, changes in the primary sex characteristics involve growth of the uterus, vagina, and other aspects of the reproductive system. Menarche, the beginning of menstruation, is a relatively late development which follows a long series of hormonal changes. Generally, a girl is not fully fertile until several years... | What term is the beginning of menstruation given? | What term is the beginning of menstruation given? | [
"What term is the beginning of menstruation given?"
] | {
"text": [
"Menarche"
],
"answer_start": [
139
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113014 | 570d80ccb3d812140066da0e | Adolescence | In females, changes in the primary sex characteristics involve growth of the uterus, vagina, and other aspects of the reproductive system. Menarche, the beginning of menstruation, is a relatively late development which follows a long series of hormonal changes. Generally, a girl is not fully fertile until several years... | How many years does regular ovulation follow menarche? | How many years does regular ovulation follow menarche? | [
"How many years does regular ovulation follow menarche?"
] | {
"text": [
"two years"
],
"answer_start": [
384
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113015 | 570d80ccb3d812140066da0f | Adolescence | In females, changes in the primary sex characteristics involve growth of the uterus, vagina, and other aspects of the reproductive system. Menarche, the beginning of menstruation, is a relatively late development which follows a long series of hormonal changes. Generally, a girl is not fully fertile until several years... | Do males or females appear physically mature before they are capable of reproduction? | Do males or females appear physically mature before they are capable of reproduction? | [
"Do males or females appear physically mature before they are capable of reproduction?"
] | {
"text": [
"females"
],
"answer_start": [
420
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113016 | 570d80ccb3d812140066da10 | Adolescence | In females, changes in the primary sex characteristics involve growth of the uterus, vagina, and other aspects of the reproductive system. Menarche, the beginning of menstruation, is a relatively late development which follows a long series of hormonal changes. Generally, a girl is not fully fertile until several years... | What are two areas of the reproductive system that experience growth in females during puberty? | What are two areas of the reproductive system that experience growth in females during puberty? | [
"What are two areas of the reproductive system that experience growth in females during puberty?"
] | {
"text": [
"uterus, vagina"
],
"answer_start": [
77
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113017 | 570d97d816d0071400510ba5 | Adolescence | Primary sex characteristics are those directly related to the sex organs. In males, the first stages of puberty involve growth of the testes and scrotum, followed by growth of the penis. At the time that the penis develops, the seminal vesicles, the prostate, and the bulbourethral gland also enlarge and develop. The fi... | What activity often results in a boy's first ejaculation? | What activity often results in a boy's first ejaculation? | [
"What activity often results in a boy's first ejaculation?"
] | {
"text": [
"masturbation"
],
"answer_start": [
565
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113018 | 570d97d816d0071400510ba6 | Adolescence | Primary sex characteristics are those directly related to the sex organs. In males, the first stages of puberty involve growth of the testes and scrotum, followed by growth of the penis. At the time that the penis develops, the seminal vesicles, the prostate, and the bulbourethral gland also enlarge and develop. The fi... | What are primary sex characteristics? | What are primary sex characteristics? | [
"What are primary sex characteristics?"
] | {
"text": [
"those directly related to the sex organs"
],
"answer_start": [
32
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113019 | 570d97d816d0071400510ba7 | Adolescence | Primary sex characteristics are those directly related to the sex organs. In males, the first stages of puberty involve growth of the testes and scrotum, followed by growth of the penis. At the time that the penis develops, the seminal vesicles, the prostate, and the bulbourethral gland also enlarge and develop. The fi... | What does the first stage of puberty involve for males? | What does the first stage of puberty involve for males? | [
"What does the first stage of puberty involve for males?"
] | {
"text": [
"growth of the testes and scrotum"
],
"answer_start": [
120
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113020 | 570d97d816d0071400510ba8 | Adolescence | Primary sex characteristics are those directly related to the sex organs. In males, the first stages of puberty involve growth of the testes and scrotum, followed by growth of the penis. At the time that the penis develops, the seminal vesicles, the prostate, and the bulbourethral gland also enlarge and develop. The fi... | After growth of the testes and scrotum, while male body part experiences growth next? | After growth of the testes and scrotum, while male body part experiences growth next? | [
"After growth of the testes and scrotum, while male body part experiences growth next?"
] | {
"text": [
"penis"
],
"answer_start": [
180
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113021 | 570d97d816d0071400510ba9 | Adolescence | Primary sex characteristics are those directly related to the sex organs. In males, the first stages of puberty involve growth of the testes and scrotum, followed by growth of the penis. At the time that the penis develops, the seminal vesicles, the prostate, and the bulbourethral gland also enlarge and develop. The fi... | Which male body parts enlarge and develop at the same time as the penis? | Which male body parts enlarge and develop at the same time as the penis? | [
"Which male body parts enlarge and develop at the same time as the penis?"
] | {
"text": [
"seminal vesicles, the prostate, and the bulbourethral gland"
],
"answer_start": [
228
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113022 | 570d995c16d0071400510bb9 | Adolescence | Adolescence marks a rapid change in one's role within a family. Young children tend to assert themselves forcefully, but are unable to demonstrate much influence over family decisions until early adolescence, when they are increasingly viewed by parents as equals. The adolescent faces the task of increasing independenc... | At what stage do parents see their children as equals? | At what stage do parents see their children as equals? | [
"At what stage do parents see their children as equals?"
] | {
"text": [
"early adolescence"
],
"answer_start": [
190
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113023 | 570d995c16d0071400510bba | Adolescence | Adolescence marks a rapid change in one's role within a family. Young children tend to assert themselves forcefully, but are unable to demonstrate much influence over family decisions until early adolescence, when they are increasingly viewed by parents as equals. The adolescent faces the task of increasing independenc... | During what stage of development is there increased parent-child conflict and a less cohesive familial bond? | During what stage of development is there increased parent-child conflict and a less cohesive familial bond? | [
"During what stage of development is there increased parent-child conflict and a less cohesive familial bond?"
] | {
"text": [
"puberty"
],
"answer_start": [
411
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113024 | 570d995c16d0071400510bbb | Adolescence | Adolescence marks a rapid change in one's role within a family. Young children tend to assert themselves forcefully, but are unable to demonstrate much influence over family decisions until early adolescence, when they are increasingly viewed by parents as equals. The adolescent faces the task of increasing independenc... | During puberty and adolescence, do most children share the same or different attitudes and values as their parents? | During puberty and adolescence, do most children share the same or different attitudes and values as their parents? | [
"During puberty and adolescence, do most children share the same or different attitudes and values as their parents?"
] | {
"text": [
"same"
],
"answer_start": [
1833
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113025 | 570d9a1c16d0071400510bc9 | Adolescence | The first areas of the brain to be pruned are those involving primary functions, such as motor and sensory areas. The areas of the brain involved in more complex processes lose matter later in development. These include the lateral and prefrontal cortices, among other regions. Some of the most developmentally significa... | Which part of the brain is involved in decision making and cognitive control? | Which part of the brain is involved in decision making and cognitive control? | [
"Which part of the brain is involved in decision making and cognitive control?"
] | {
"text": [
"prefrontal cortex"
],
"answer_start": [
357
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113026 | 570d9a1c16d0071400510bca | Adolescence | The first areas of the brain to be pruned are those involving primary functions, such as motor and sensory areas. The areas of the brain involved in more complex processes lose matter later in development. These include the lateral and prefrontal cortices, among other regions. Some of the most developmentally significa... | Which area of the brain is important for controlling impulses and planning ahead? | Which area of the brain is important for controlling impulses and planning ahead? | [
"Which area of the brain is important for controlling impulses and planning ahead?"
] | {
"text": [
"dorsolateral prefrontal cortex"
],
"answer_start": [
855
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113027 | 570d9a1c16d0071400510bcb | Adolescence | The first areas of the brain to be pruned are those involving primary functions, such as motor and sensory areas. The areas of the brain involved in more complex processes lose matter later in development. These include the lateral and prefrontal cortices, among other regions. Some of the most developmentally significa... | Which part of the brain is important for evaluating rewards and risks? | Which part of the brain is important for evaluating rewards and risks? | [
"Which part of the brain is important for evaluating rewards and risks?"
] | {
"text": [
"orbitofrontal cortex"
],
"answer_start": [
1050
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113028 | 570d9a1c16d0071400510bcc | Adolescence | The first areas of the brain to be pruned are those involving primary functions, such as motor and sensory areas. The areas of the brain involved in more complex processes lose matter later in development. These include the lateral and prefrontal cortices, among other regions. Some of the most developmentally significa... | Which are the first areas to be pruned during puberty? | Which are the first areas to be pruned during puberty? | [
"Which are the first areas to be pruned during puberty?"
] | {
"text": [
"those involving primary functions"
],
"answer_start": [
46
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113029 | 570d9a1c16d0071400510bcd | Adolescence | The first areas of the brain to be pruned are those involving primary functions, such as motor and sensory areas. The areas of the brain involved in more complex processes lose matter later in development. These include the lateral and prefrontal cortices, among other regions. Some of the most developmentally significa... | Motor and sensory skills are examples of what kind of brain function? | Motor and sensory skills are examples of what kind of brain function? | [
"Motor and sensory skills are examples of what kind of brain function?"
] | {
"text": [
"primary"
],
"answer_start": [
62
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113030 | 570d9b8216d0071400510bd9 | Adolescence | Communication within peer groups allows adolescents to explore their feelings and identity as well as develop and evaluate their social skills. Peer groups offer members the opportunity to develop social skills such as empathy, sharing, and leadership. Adolescents choose peer groups based on characteristics similarly f... | What is one area in which peer groups can have positive influences on an individual? | What is one area in which peer groups can have positive influences on an individual? | [
"What is one area in which peer groups can have positive influences on an individual?"
] | {
"text": [
"academic motivation and performance"
],
"answer_start": [
809
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113031 | 570d9b8216d0071400510bda | Adolescence | Communication within peer groups allows adolescents to explore their feelings and identity as well as develop and evaluate their social skills. Peer groups offer members the opportunity to develop social skills such as empathy, sharing, and leadership. Adolescents choose peer groups based on characteristics similarly f... | What are some of the negative experiences that peer pressure can influence during adolescence? | What are some of the negative experiences that peer pressure can influence during adolescence? | [
"What are some of the negative experiences that peer pressure can influence during adolescence?"
] | {
"text": [
"experimentation with drugs, drinking, vandalism, and stealing"
],
"answer_start": [
998
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113032 | 570d9b8216d0071400510bdb | Adolescence | Communication within peer groups allows adolescents to explore their feelings and identity as well as develop and evaluate their social skills. Peer groups offer members the opportunity to develop social skills such as empathy, sharing, and leadership. Adolescents choose peer groups based on characteristics similarly f... | At what age does succeptability to peer pressure peak? | At what age does succeptability to peer pressure peak? | [
"At what age does succeptability to peer pressure peak?"
] | {
"text": [
"14"
],
"answer_start": [
1168
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113033 | 570d9b8216d0071400510bdc | Adolescence | Communication within peer groups allows adolescents to explore their feelings and identity as well as develop and evaluate their social skills. Peer groups offer members the opportunity to develop social skills such as empathy, sharing, and leadership. Adolescents choose peer groups based on characteristics similarly f... | What are some social skills that peer groups offer members the opportunity to develop? | What are some social skills that peer groups offer members the opportunity to develop? | [
"What are some social skills that peer groups offer members the opportunity to develop?"
] | {
"text": [
"empathy, sharing, and leadership"
],
"answer_start": [
219
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113034 | 570d9c7616d0071400510beb | Adolescence | There are at least two major approaches to understanding cognitive change during adolescence. One is the constructivist view of cognitive development. Based on the work of Piaget, it takes a quantitative, state-theory approach, hypothesizing that adolescents' cognitive improvement is relatively sudden and drastic. The ... | What view towards cognitive development during adolescence did Piaget take? | What view towards cognitive development during adolescence did Piaget take? | [
"What view towards cognitive development during adolescence did Piaget take?"
] | {
"text": [
"constructivist"
],
"answer_start": [
105
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113035 | 570d9c7616d0071400510bec | Adolescence | There are at least two major approaches to understanding cognitive change during adolescence. One is the constructivist view of cognitive development. Based on the work of Piaget, it takes a quantitative, state-theory approach, hypothesizing that adolescents' cognitive improvement is relatively sudden and drastic. The ... | Did Piaget believe that cognitive improvement was sudden and drastic or slow and steadied? | Did Piaget believe that cognitive improvement was sudden and drastic or slow and steadied? | [
"Did Piaget believe that cognitive improvement was sudden and drastic or slow and steadied?"
] | {
"text": [
"sudden and drastic"
],
"answer_start": [
296
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113036 | 570d9c7616d0071400510bed | Adolescence | There are at least two major approaches to understanding cognitive change during adolescence. One is the constructivist view of cognitive development. Based on the work of Piaget, it takes a quantitative, state-theory approach, hypothesizing that adolescents' cognitive improvement is relatively sudden and drastic. The ... | Besides the information-processing perspective, what is the other major approach to understanding cognitive change during adolescence? | Besides the information-processing perspective, what is the other major approach to understanding cognitive change during adolescence? | [
"Besides the information-processing perspective, what is the other major approach to understanding cognitive change during adolescence?"
] | {
"text": [
"quantitative, state-theory"
],
"answer_start": [
191
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113037 | 570d9c7616d0071400510bee | Adolescence | There are at least two major approaches to understanding cognitive change during adolescence. One is the constructivist view of cognitive development. Based on the work of Piaget, it takes a quantitative, state-theory approach, hypothesizing that adolescents' cognitive improvement is relatively sudden and drastic. The ... | The information-processing perspective towards cognitive development derives from the study of what? | The information-processing perspective towards cognitive development derives from the study of what? | [
"The information-processing perspective towards cognitive development derives from the study of what?"
] | {
"text": [
"artificial intelligence"
],
"answer_start": [
402
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113038 | 570d9dfadf2f5219002ed058 | Adolescence | Adolescence marks a time of sexual maturation, which manifests in social interactions as well. While adolescents may engage in casual sexual encounters (often referred to as hookups), most sexual experience during this period of development takes place within romantic relationships. Adolescents can use technologies and... | Casual sexual encounters are often referred to as what? | Casual sexual encounters are often referred to as what? | [
"Casual sexual encounters are often referred to as what?"
] | {
"text": [
"hookups"
],
"answer_start": [
174
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113039 | 570d9dfadf2f5219002ed059 | Adolescence | Adolescence marks a time of sexual maturation, which manifests in social interactions as well. While adolescents may engage in casual sexual encounters (often referred to as hookups), most sexual experience during this period of development takes place within romantic relationships. Adolescents can use technologies and... | Do most sexual experiences during adolescence take place within or seperate from romantic relationships? | Do most sexual experiences during adolescence take place within or seperate from romantic relationships? | [
"Do most sexual experiences during adolescence take place within or seperate from romantic relationships?"
] | {
"text": [
"within"
],
"answer_start": [
253
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113040 | 570d9dfadf2f5219002ed05a | Adolescence | Adolescence marks a time of sexual maturation, which manifests in social interactions as well. While adolescents may engage in casual sexual encounters (often referred to as hookups), most sexual experience during this period of development takes place within romantic relationships. Adolescents can use technologies and... | Where do some adolescents feel is a safe place to seek out romantic relationships, try out dating and indentity exploration? | Where do some adolescents feel is a safe place to seek out romantic relationships, try out dating and indentity exploration? | [
"Where do some adolescents feel is a safe place to seek out romantic relationships, try out dating and indentity exploration?"
] | {
"text": [
"social media"
],
"answer_start": [
321
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113041 | 570d9dfadf2f5219002ed05b | Adolescence | Adolescence marks a time of sexual maturation, which manifests in social interactions as well. While adolescents may engage in casual sexual encounters (often referred to as hookups), most sexual experience during this period of development takes place within romantic relationships. Adolescents can use technologies and... | What seperates "heavy" sexual activity from other forms of affection? | What seperates "heavy" sexual activity from other forms of affection? | [
"What seperates \"heavy\" sexual activity from other forms of affection?"
] | {
"text": [
"genital stimulation"
],
"answer_start": [
647
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113042 | 570d9dfadf2f5219002ed05c | Adolescence | Adolescence marks a time of sexual maturation, which manifests in social interactions as well. While adolescents may engage in casual sexual encounters (often referred to as hookups), most sexual experience during this period of development takes place within romantic relationships. Adolescents can use technologies and... | For older adolescents, is sexual activity in a romantic relationship associated with lower or higher levels of deviant behavior? | For older adolescents, is sexual activity in a romantic relationship associated with lower or higher levels of deviant behavior? | [
"For older adolescents, is sexual activity in a romantic relationship associated with lower or higher levels of deviant behavior?"
] | {
"text": [
"lower"
],
"answer_start": [
1206
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113043 | 570d9f0316d0071400510bfd | Adolescence | A third gain in cognitive ability involves thinking about thinking itself, a process referred to as metacognition. It often involves monitoring one's own cognitive activity during the thinking process. Adolescents' improvements in knowledge of their own thinking patterns lead to better self-control and more effective s... | What is the term used to describe thinking about thinking itself? | What is the term used to describe thinking about thinking itself? | [
"What is the term used to describe thinking about thinking itself?"
] | {
"text": [
"metacognition"
],
"answer_start": [
100
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113044 | 570d9f0316d0071400510bfe | Adolescence | A third gain in cognitive ability involves thinking about thinking itself, a process referred to as metacognition. It often involves monitoring one's own cognitive activity during the thinking process. Adolescents' improvements in knowledge of their own thinking patterns lead to better self-control and more effective s... | Are adolescents or children better able to understand that people do not have complete control over their thoughts? | Are adolescents or children better able to understand that people do not have complete control over their thoughts? | [
"Are adolescents or children better able to understand that people do not have complete control over their thoughts?"
] | {
"text": [
"Adolescents"
],
"answer_start": [
564
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113045 | 570d9f0316d0071400510bff | Adolescence | A third gain in cognitive ability involves thinking about thinking itself, a process referred to as metacognition. It often involves monitoring one's own cognitive activity during the thinking process. Adolescents' improvements in knowledge of their own thinking patterns lead to better self-control and more effective s... | The imaginary audience and personal fable peak at what age? | The imaginary audience and personal fable peak at what age? | [
"The imaginary audience and personal fable peak at what age?"
] | {
"text": [
"fifteen"
],
"answer_start": [
892
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113046 | 570d9f0316d0071400510c00 | Adolescence | A third gain in cognitive ability involves thinking about thinking itself, a process referred to as metacognition. It often involves monitoring one's own cognitive activity during the thinking process. Adolescents' improvements in knowledge of their own thinking patterns lead to better self-control and more effective s... | At what age does self-consciousness in general peak? | At what age does self-consciousness in general peak? | [
"At what age does self-consciousness in general peak?"
] | {
"text": [
"fifteen"
],
"answer_start": [
892
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113047 | 570da031df2f5219002ed072 | Adolescence | A questionnaire called the teen timetable has been used to measure the age at which individuals believe adolescents should be able to engage in behaviors associated with autonomy. This questionnaire has been used to gauge differences in cultural perceptions of adolescent autonomy, finding, for instance, that White pare... | What questionaire has been used to measure the age in which adolescents should be able to engage in autonomous behaviors? | What questionaire has been used to measure the age in which adolescents should be able to engage in autonomous behaviors? | [
"What questionaire has been used to measure the age in which adolescents should be able to engage in autonomous behaviors?"
] | {
"text": [
"teen timetable"
],
"answer_start": [
27
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113048 | 570da031df2f5219002ed073 | Adolescence | A questionnaire called the teen timetable has been used to measure the age at which individuals believe adolescents should be able to engage in behaviors associated with autonomy. This questionnaire has been used to gauge differences in cultural perceptions of adolescent autonomy, finding, for instance, that White pare... | Do White or Asian parents tend to expect autonomy earlier than the other? | Do White or Asian parents tend to expect autonomy earlier than the other? | [
"Do White or Asian parents tend to expect autonomy earlier than the other?"
] | {
"text": [
"White"
],
"answer_start": [
310
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113049 | 570da031df2f5219002ed074 | Adolescence | A questionnaire called the teen timetable has been used to measure the age at which individuals believe adolescents should be able to engage in behaviors associated with autonomy. This questionnaire has been used to gauge differences in cultural perceptions of adolescent autonomy, finding, for instance, that White pare... | What has the teen timetable questionnaire been used to guage? | What has the teen timetable questionnaire been used to guage? | [
"What has the teen timetable questionnaire been used to guage?"
] | {
"text": [
"differences in cultural perceptions of adolescent autonomy"
],
"answer_start": [
222
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113050 | 570da297df2f5219002ed082 | Adolescence | Given the potential consequences, engaging in sexual behavior is somewhat risky, particularly for adolescents. Having unprotected sex, using poor birth control methods (e.g. withdrawal), having multiple sexual partners, and poor communication are some aspects of sexual behavior that increase individual and/or social ri... | What is an example of a poor birth control method? | What is an example of a poor birth control method? | [
"What is an example of a poor birth control method?"
] | {
"text": [
"withdrawal"
],
"answer_start": [
174
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113051 | 570da297df2f5219002ed083 | Adolescence | Given the potential consequences, engaging in sexual behavior is somewhat risky, particularly for adolescents. Having unprotected sex, using poor birth control methods (e.g. withdrawal), having multiple sexual partners, and poor communication are some aspects of sexual behavior that increase individual and/or social ri... | Are higher or lower levels of parental support associated with risky sexual behavior? | Are higher or lower levels of parental support associated with risky sexual behavior? | [
"Are higher or lower levels of parental support associated with risky sexual behavior?"
] | {
"text": [
"lower"
],
"answer_start": [
457
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113052 | 570da297df2f5219002ed084 | Adolescence | Given the potential consequences, engaging in sexual behavior is somewhat risky, particularly for adolescents. Having unprotected sex, using poor birth control methods (e.g. withdrawal), having multiple sexual partners, and poor communication are some aspects of sexual behavior that increase individual and/or social ri... | Is exploratory sexual behavior seen as similar or seperate to other aspects of identity? | Is exploratory sexual behavior seen as similar or seperate to other aspects of identity? | [
"Is exploratory sexual behavior seen as similar or seperate to other aspects of identity?"
] | {
"text": [
"similar"
],
"answer_start": [
756
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113053 | 570da297df2f5219002ed085 | Adolescence | Given the potential consequences, engaging in sexual behavior is somewhat risky, particularly for adolescents. Having unprotected sex, using poor birth control methods (e.g. withdrawal), having multiple sexual partners, and poor communication are some aspects of sexual behavior that increase individual and/or social ri... | Does having unprotected sex, multiple sexual partners, and poor communication increase or decrease individual and social risk? | Does having unprotected sex, multiple sexual partners, and poor communication increase or decrease individual and social risk? | [
"Does having unprotected sex, multiple sexual partners, and poor communication increase or decrease individual and social risk?"
] | {
"text": [
"increase"
],
"answer_start": [
284
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113054 | 570da4e916d0071400510c3b | Adolescence | Research seems to favor the hypothesis that adolescents and adults think about risk in similar ways, but hold different values and thus come to different conclusions. Some have argued that there may be evolutionary benefits to an increased propensity for risk-taking in adolescence. For example, without a willingness to... | Does research favor or reject the hypothesis that adolescents and adults think about risk similarly but hold different values and therefore come to different conclusions? | Does research favor or reject the hypothesis that adolescents and adults think about risk similarly but hold different values and therefore come to different conclusions? | [
"Does research favor or reject the hypothesis that adolescents and adults think about risk similarly but hold different values and therefore come to different conclusions?"
] | {
"text": [
"favor"
],
"answer_start": [
18
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113055 | 570da4e916d0071400510c3c | Adolescence | Research seems to favor the hypothesis that adolescents and adults think about risk in similar ways, but hold different values and thus come to different conclusions. Some have argued that there may be evolutionary benefits to an increased propensity for risk-taking in adolescence. For example, without a willingness to... | A priority in sexual attraction and dating can prove helpful in order to complete what reproductive advantage? | A priority in sexual attraction and dating can prove helpful in order to complete what reproductive advantage? | [
"A priority in sexual attraction and dating can prove helpful in order to complete what reproductive advantage?"
] | {
"text": [
"impress potential mates"
],
"answer_start": [
837
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113056 | 570da4e916d0071400510c3d | Adolescence | Research seems to favor the hypothesis that adolescents and adults think about risk in similar ways, but hold different values and thus come to different conclusions. Some have argued that there may be evolutionary benefits to an increased propensity for risk-taking in adolescence. For example, without a willingness to... | What does research indicate may affect risk-taking behavior throughout the lifespan? | What does research indicate may affect risk-taking behavior throughout the lifespan? | [
"What does research indicate may affect risk-taking behavior throughout the lifespan?"
] | {
"text": [
"baseline sensation seeking"
],
"answer_start": [
891
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113057 | 570da64516d0071400510c41 | Adolescence | Identity development is a stage in the adolescent life cycle. For most, the search for identity begins in the adolescent years. During these years, adolescents are more open to 'trying on' different behaviours and appearances to discover who they are. In other words, in an attempt to find their identity and discover wh... | When does the search for identity begin for most individuals? | When does the search for identity begin for most individuals? | [
"When does the search for identity begin for most individuals?"
] | {
"text": [
"adolescent years"
],
"answer_start": [
110
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113058 | 570da64516d0071400510c42 | Adolescence | Identity development is a stage in the adolescent life cycle. For most, the search for identity begins in the adolescent years. During these years, adolescents are more open to 'trying on' different behaviours and appearances to discover who they are. In other words, in an attempt to find their identity and discover wh... | What are some factors that make developing and maintaining an identity during the adolescent years a difficult task? | What are some factors that make developing and maintaining an identity during the adolescent years a difficult task? | [
"What are some factors that make developing and maintaining an identity during the adolescent years a difficult task?"
] | {
"text": [
"family life, environment, and social status"
],
"answer_start": [
543
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113059 | 570da64516d0071400510c43 | Adolescence | Identity development is a stage in the adolescent life cycle. For most, the search for identity begins in the adolescent years. During these years, adolescents are more open to 'trying on' different behaviours and appearances to discover who they are. In other words, in an attempt to find their identity and discover wh... | What are two main aspects of identity development? | What are two main aspects of identity development? | [
"What are two main aspects of identity development?"
] | {
"text": [
"self-clarity and self-esteem"
],
"answer_start": [
871
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113060 | 570da64516d0071400510c44 | Adolescence | Identity development is a stage in the adolescent life cycle. For most, the search for identity begins in the adolescent years. During these years, adolescents are more open to 'trying on' different behaviours and appearances to discover who they are. In other words, in an attempt to find their identity and discover wh... | What are the three general approaches to understanding identity development? | What are the three general approaches to understanding identity development? | [
"What are the three general approaches to understanding identity development?"
] | {
"text": [
"self-concept, sense of identity, and self-esteem"
],
"answer_start": [
1209
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113061 | 570da64516d0071400510c45 | Adolescence | Identity development is a stage in the adolescent life cycle. For most, the search for identity begins in the adolescent years. During these years, adolescents are more open to 'trying on' different behaviours and appearances to discover who they are. In other words, in an attempt to find their identity and discover wh... | Do adolescents with a less privileged upbringing have a more or less difficult time developing their identity? | Do adolescents with a less privileged upbringing have a more or less difficult time developing their identity? | [
"Do adolescents with a less privileged upbringing have a more or less difficult time developing their identity?"
] | {
"text": [
"more difficult"
],
"answer_start": [
1756
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113062 | 570da71c16d0071400510c55 | Adolescence | Research since reveals self-examination beginning early in adolescence, but identity achievement rarely occurring before age 18. The freshman year of college influences identity development significantly, but may actually prolong psychosocial moratorium by encouraging reexamination of previous commitments and further e... | Identity achievement rarely occurs before what age? | Identity achievement rarely occurs before what age? | [
"Identity achievement rarely occurs before what age?"
] | {
"text": [
"18"
],
"answer_start": [
125
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113063 | 570da71c16d0071400510c56 | Adolescence | Research since reveals self-examination beginning early in adolescence, but identity achievement rarely occurring before age 18. The freshman year of college influences identity development significantly, but may actually prolong psychosocial moratorium by encouraging reexamination of previous commitments and further e... | Is there a final endpoint in identity development? | Is there a final endpoint in identity development? | [
"Is there a final endpoint in identity development?"
] | {
"text": [
"no"
],
"answer_start": [
581
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113064 | 570da71c16d0071400510c57 | Adolescence | Research since reveals self-examination beginning early in adolescence, but identity achievement rarely occurring before age 18. The freshman year of college influences identity development significantly, but may actually prolong psychosocial moratorium by encouraging reexamination of previous commitments and further e... | Evidence has supported which theorist's idea concerning stages of development? | Evidence has supported which theorist's idea concerning stages of development? | [
"Evidence has supported which theorist's idea concerning stages of development?"
] | {
"text": [
"Erikson"
],
"answer_start": [
432
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113065 | 570da71c16d0071400510c58 | Adolescence | Research since reveals self-examination beginning early in adolescence, but identity achievement rarely occurring before age 18. The freshman year of college influences identity development significantly, but may actually prolong psychosocial moratorium by encouraging reexamination of previous commitments and further e... | Does self-examination begin early or late in adolescence? | Does self-examination begin early or late in adolescence? | [
"Does self-examination begin early or late in adolescence?"
] | {
"text": [
"early"
],
"answer_start": [
50
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113066 | 570da8e2df2f5219002ed0ce | Adolescence | Egocentrism in adolescents forms a self-conscious desire to feel important in their peer groups and enjoy social acceptance. Unlike the conflicting aspects of self-concept, identity represents a coherent sense of self stable across circumstances and including past experiences and future goals. Everyone has a self-conce... | Which theorist argued that not everyone fully achieves identity? | Which theorist argued that not everyone fully achieves identity? | [
"Which theorist argued that not everyone fully achieves identity?"
] | {
"text": [
"Erik Erikson"
],
"answer_start": [
332
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113067 | 570da8e2df2f5219002ed0cf | Adolescence | Egocentrism in adolescents forms a self-conscious desire to feel important in their peer groups and enjoy social acceptance. Unlike the conflicting aspects of self-concept, identity represents a coherent sense of self stable across circumstances and including past experiences and future goals. Everyone has a self-conce... | How do adolescents initially define themselves? | How do adolescents initially define themselves? | [
"How do adolescents initially define themselves?"
] | {
"text": [
"crowd membership"
],
"answer_start": [
852
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113068 | 570da8e2df2f5219002ed0d0 | Adolescence | Egocentrism in adolescents forms a self-conscious desire to feel important in their peer groups and enjoy social acceptance. Unlike the conflicting aspects of self-concept, identity represents a coherent sense of self stable across circumstances and including past experiences and future goals. Everyone has a self-conce... | How is Moratorium defined? | How is Moratorium defined? | [
"How is Moratorium defined?"
] | {
"text": [
"process of exploration"
],
"answer_start": [
2330
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113069 | 570da8e2df2f5219002ed0d1 | Adolescence | Egocentrism in adolescents forms a self-conscious desire to feel important in their peer groups and enjoy social acceptance. Unlike the conflicting aspects of self-concept, identity represents a coherent sense of self stable across circumstances and including past experiences and future goals. Everyone has a self-conce... | Which researcher developed the current method for testing an individual's process along the stages of identity? | Which researcher developed the current method for testing an individual's process along the stages of identity? | [
"Which researcher developed the current method for testing an individual's process along the stages of identity?"
] | {
"text": [
"James Marcia"
],
"answer_start": [
1786
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113070 | 570da8e2df2f5219002ed0d2 | Adolescence | Egocentrism in adolescents forms a self-conscious desire to feel important in their peer groups and enjoy social acceptance. Unlike the conflicting aspects of self-concept, identity represents a coherent sense of self stable across circumstances and including past experiences and future goals. Everyone has a self-conce... | James Marcia divides questions into how many categories? | James Marcia divides questions into how many categories? | [
"James Marcia divides questions into how many categories?"
] | {
"text": [
"three"
],
"answer_start": [
1916
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113071 | 570da9c916d0071400510c71 | Adolescence | The final major aspect of identity formation is self-esteem. Self-esteem is defined as one's thoughts and feelings about one's self-concept and identity. Most theories on self-esteem state that there is a grand desire, across all genders and ages, to maintain, protect and enhance their self-esteem. Contrary to popular ... | Which term is defined as one's thoughts and feelings about one's self-concept and identity? | Which term is defined as one's thoughts and feelings about one's self-concept and identity? | [
"Which term is defined as one's thoughts and feelings about one's self-concept and identity?"
] | {
"text": [
"Self-esteem"
],
"answer_start": [
61
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113072 | 570da9c916d0071400510c72 | Adolescence | The final major aspect of identity formation is self-esteem. Self-esteem is defined as one's thoughts and feelings about one's self-concept and identity. Most theories on self-esteem state that there is a grand desire, across all genders and ages, to maintain, protect and enhance their self-esteem. Contrary to popular ... | Is there evidence to support a drop in self-esteem during adolescence? | Is there evidence to support a drop in self-esteem during adolescence? | [
"Is there evidence to support a drop in self-esteem during adolescence?"
] | {
"text": [
"no"
],
"answer_start": [
337
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113073 | 570da9c916d0071400510c73 | Adolescence | The final major aspect of identity formation is self-esteem. Self-esteem is defined as one's thoughts and feelings about one's self-concept and identity. Most theories on self-esteem state that there is a grand desire, across all genders and ages, to maintain, protect and enhance their self-esteem. Contrary to popular ... | Which type of self-esteem fluctuates rapidly and can cause severe distress and anxiety? | Which type of self-esteem fluctuates rapidly and can cause severe distress and anxiety? | [
"Which type of self-esteem fluctuates rapidly and can cause severe distress and anxiety?"
] | {
"text": [
"Barometric self-esteem"
],
"answer_start": [
430
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113074 | 570da9c916d0071400510c74 | Adolescence | The final major aspect of identity formation is self-esteem. Self-esteem is defined as one's thoughts and feelings about one's self-concept and identity. Most theories on self-esteem state that there is a grand desire, across all genders and ages, to maintain, protect and enhance their self-esteem. Contrary to popular ... | Which type of self-esteem remains stable throughout adolescence? | Which type of self-esteem remains stable throughout adolescence? | [
"Which type of self-esteem remains stable throughout adolescence?"
] | {
"text": [
"baseline self-esteem"
],
"answer_start": [
520
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113075 | 570da9c916d0071400510c75 | Adolescence | The final major aspect of identity formation is self-esteem. Self-esteem is defined as one's thoughts and feelings about one's self-concept and identity. Most theories on self-esteem state that there is a grand desire, across all genders and ages, to maintain, protect and enhance their self-esteem. Contrary to popular ... | What is the most important function of friendship? | What is the most important function of friendship? | [
"What is the most important function of friendship?"
] | {
"text": [
"having someone who can provide social and moral support"
],
"answer_start": [
896
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113076 | 570daaea16d0071400510c7b | Adolescence | In terms of sexual identity, adolescence is when most gay/lesbian and transgender adolescents begin to recognize and make sense of their feelings. Many adolescents may choose to come out during this period of their life once an identity has been formed; many others may go through a period of questioning or denial, whic... | At what age does awareness of one's sexual orientation occur on average? | At what age does awareness of one's sexual orientation occur on average? | [
"At what age does awareness of one's sexual orientation occur on average?"
] | {
"text": [
"10"
],
"answer_start": [
562
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113077 | 570daaea16d0071400510c7c | Adolescence | In terms of sexual identity, adolescence is when most gay/lesbian and transgender adolescents begin to recognize and make sense of their feelings. Many adolescents may choose to come out during this period of their life once an identity has been formed; many others may go through a period of questioning or denial, whic... | At what age does coming out to one's peers occur on average? | At what age does coming out to one's peers occur on average? | [
"At what age does coming out to one's peers occur on average?"
] | {
"text": [
"16"
],
"answer_start": [
636
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113078 | 570daaea16d0071400510c7d | Adolescence | In terms of sexual identity, adolescence is when most gay/lesbian and transgender adolescents begin to recognize and make sense of their feelings. Many adolescents may choose to come out during this period of their life once an identity has been formed; many others may go through a period of questioning or denial, whic... | At what age does coming out to adults occur on average? | At what age does coming out to adults occur on average? | [
"At what age does coming out to adults occur on average?"
] | {
"text": [
"17"
],
"answer_start": [
643
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113079 | 570daaea16d0071400510c7e | Adolescence | In terms of sexual identity, adolescence is when most gay/lesbian and transgender adolescents begin to recognize and make sense of their feelings. Many adolescents may choose to come out during this period of their life once an identity has been formed; many others may go through a period of questioning or denial, whic... | How many times higher is the suicide rate amongst LGBT adolescents than their heterosexual peers? | How many times higher is the suicide rate amongst LGBT adolescents than their heterosexual peers? | [
"How many times higher is the suicide rate amongst LGBT adolescents than their heterosexual peers?"
] | {
"text": [
"four"
],
"answer_start": [
1324
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113080 | 570daaea16d0071400510c7f | Adolescence | In terms of sexual identity, adolescence is when most gay/lesbian and transgender adolescents begin to recognize and make sense of their feelings. Many adolescents may choose to come out during this period of their life once an identity has been formed; many others may go through a period of questioning or denial, whic... | What are factors causing a hightened suicide rate amongst LGBT adolescents? | What are factors causing a hightened suicide rate amongst LGBT adolescents? | [
"What are factors causing a hightened suicide rate amongst LGBT adolescents?"
] | {
"text": [
"bullying and rejection from peers or family members"
],
"answer_start": [
1387
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113081 | 570dad1d16d0071400510cad | Adolescence | Despite changing family roles during adolescence, the home environment and parents are still important for the behaviors and choices of adolescents. Adolescents who have a good relationship with their parents are less likely to engage in various risk behaviors, such as smoking, drinking, fighting, and/or unprotected se... | Are adolescents with authoritative parents more or less likely to complete secondary education by age 22? | Are adolescents with authoritative parents more or less likely to complete secondary education by age 22? | [
"Are adolescents with authoritative parents more or less likely to complete secondary education by age 22?"
] | {
"text": [
"more"
],
"answer_start": [
554
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113082 | 570dad1d16d0071400510cae | Adolescence | Despite changing family roles during adolescence, the home environment and parents are still important for the behaviors and choices of adolescents. Adolescents who have a good relationship with their parents are less likely to engage in various risk behaviors, such as smoking, drinking, fighting, and/or unprotected se... | Are adolescents that have a good relationship with their parents more or less likely to smoke, drink, fight, or engage in unprotected sex? | Are adolescents that have a good relationship with their parents more or less likely to smoke, drink, fight, or engage in unprotected sex? | [
"Are adolescents that have a good relationship with their parents more or less likely to smoke, drink, fight, or engage in unprotected sex?"
] | {
"text": [
"less likely"
],
"answer_start": [
213
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113083 | 570dad1d16d0071400510caf | Adolescence | Despite changing family roles during adolescence, the home environment and parents are still important for the behaviors and choices of adolescents. Adolescents who have a good relationship with their parents are less likely to engage in various risk behaviors, such as smoking, drinking, fighting, and/or unprotected se... | Which researchers conducted a 2009 study that concerned adolescents, their parents, and secondary education completion? | Which researchers conducted a 2009 study that concerned adolescents, their parents, and secondary education completion? | [
"Which researchers conducted a 2009 study that concerned adolescents, their parents, and secondary education completion?"
] | {
"text": [
"Adalbjarnardottir and Blondal"
],
"answer_start": [
420
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113084 | 570dae6016d0071400510cc7 | Adolescence | Much research has been conducted on the psychological ramifications of body image on adolescents. Modern day teenagers are exposed to more media on a daily basis than any generation before them. Recent studies have indicated that the average teenager watches roughly 1500 hours of television per year. As such, modern da... | Are modern day teenagers exposed to more or less media than other generations? | Are modern day teenagers exposed to more or less media than other generations? | [
"Are modern day teenagers exposed to more or less media than other generations?"
] | {
"text": [
"more"
],
"answer_start": [
134
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113085 | 570dae6016d0071400510cc8 | Adolescence | Much research has been conducted on the psychological ramifications of body image on adolescents. Modern day teenagers are exposed to more media on a daily basis than any generation before them. Recent studies have indicated that the average teenager watches roughly 1500 hours of television per year. As such, modern da... | How many hours of television does the average teenager watch per year? | How many hours of television does the average teenager watch per year? | [
"How many hours of television does the average teenager watch per year?"
] | {
"text": [
"1500"
],
"answer_start": [
267
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113086 | 570dae6016d0071400510cc9 | Adolescence | Much research has been conducted on the psychological ramifications of body image on adolescents. Modern day teenagers are exposed to more media on a daily basis than any generation before them. Recent studies have indicated that the average teenager watches roughly 1500 hours of television per year. As such, modern da... | Teenagers' views on body mass, loe self-esteem, and atypical eating patterns results in what? | Teenagers' views on body mass, loe self-esteem, and atypical eating patterns results in what? | [
"Teenagers' views on body mass, loe self-esteem, and atypical eating patterns results in what?"
] | {
"text": [
"body dissatisfaction"
],
"answer_start": [
528
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113087 | 570dae6016d0071400510cca | Adolescence | Much research has been conducted on the psychological ramifications of body image on adolescents. Modern day teenagers are exposed to more media on a daily basis than any generation before them. Recent studies have indicated that the average teenager watches roughly 1500 hours of television per year. As such, modern da... | How is "body dissatisfaction" defined? | How is "body dissatisfaction" defined? | [
"How is \"body dissatisfaction\" defined?"
] | {
"text": [
"The concept of a person being unhappy with their own image or appearance"
],
"answer_start": [
397
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113088 | 570dafb616d0071400510cd9 | Adolescence | A potential important influence on adolescence is change of the family dynamic, specifically divorce. With the divorce rate up to about 50%, divorce is common and adds to the already great amount of change in adolescence. Custody disputes soon after a divorce often reflect a playing out of control battles and ambivalen... | What is the current divorce rate? | What is the current divorce rate? | [
"What is the current divorce rate?"
] | {
"text": [
"about 50%"
],
"answer_start": [
130
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113089 | 570dafb616d0071400510cda | Adolescence | A potential important influence on adolescence is change of the family dynamic, specifically divorce. With the divorce rate up to about 50%, divorce is common and adds to the already great amount of change in adolescence. Custody disputes soon after a divorce often reflect a playing out of control battles and ambivalen... | Does divorce usually result in more or less contact with the noncustodial parent? | Does divorce usually result in more or less contact with the noncustodial parent? | [
"Does divorce usually result in more or less contact with the noncustodial parent?"
] | {
"text": [
"less"
],
"answer_start": [
367
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113090 | 570dafb616d0071400510cdb | Adolescence | A potential important influence on adolescence is change of the family dynamic, specifically divorce. With the divorce rate up to about 50%, divorce is common and adds to the already great amount of change in adolescence. Custody disputes soon after a divorce often reflect a playing out of control battles and ambivalen... | What new theory states that traumatic events during adolescence have lifelong effects? | What new theory states that traumatic events during adolescence have lifelong effects? | [
"What new theory states that traumatic events during adolescence have lifelong effects?"
] | {
"text": [
"epistemological trauma theory"
],
"answer_start": [
987
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113091 | 570dafb616d0071400510cdc | Adolescence | A potential important influence on adolescence is change of the family dynamic, specifically divorce. With the divorce rate up to about 50%, divorce is common and adds to the already great amount of change in adolescence. Custody disputes soon after a divorce often reflect a playing out of control battles and ambivalen... | Does a parental divorce during childhood or adulthood have a positive or negative effect on a person during early adulthood? | Does a parental divorce during childhood or adulthood have a positive or negative effect on a person during early adulthood? | [
"Does a parental divorce during childhood or adulthood have a positive or negative effect on a person during early adulthood?"
] | {
"text": [
"negative"
],
"answer_start": [
1408
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113092 | 570db299df2f5219002ed0fc | Adolescence | Some examples of social and religious transition ceremonies that can be found in the U.S., as well as in other cultures around the world, are Confirmation, Bar and Bat Mitzvahs, Quinceañeras, sweet sixteens, cotillions, and débutante balls. In other countries, initiation ceremonies play an important role, marking the t... | What are a few examples of social and religious transition ceremonies? | What are a few examples of social and religious transition ceremonies? | [
"What are a few examples of social and religious transition ceremonies?"
] | {
"text": [
"Confirmation, Bar and Bat Mitzvahs, Quinceañeras, sweet sixteens, cotillions, and débutante balls"
],
"answer_start": [
142
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113093 | 570db299df2f5219002ed0fd | Adolescence | Some examples of social and religious transition ceremonies that can be found in the U.S., as well as in other cultures around the world, are Confirmation, Bar and Bat Mitzvahs, Quinceañeras, sweet sixteens, cotillions, and débutante balls. In other countries, initiation ceremonies play an important role, marking the t... | What are some physical ways that some cultures mark the transition into adulthood? | What are some physical ways that some cultures mark the transition into adulthood? | [
"What are some physical ways that some cultures mark the transition into adulthood?"
] | {
"text": [
"tattoos and scarification"
],
"answer_start": [
487
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113094 | 570db299df2f5219002ed0fe | Adolescence | Some examples of social and religious transition ceremonies that can be found in the U.S., as well as in other cultures around the world, are Confirmation, Bar and Bat Mitzvahs, Quinceañeras, sweet sixteens, cotillions, and débutante balls. In other countries, initiation ceremonies play an important role, marking the t... | Do cultural transitions into adulthood vary, or are they the same? | Do cultural transitions into adulthood vary, or are they the same? | [
"Do cultural transitions into adulthood vary, or are they the same?"
] | {
"text": [
"vary"
],
"answer_start": [
563
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113095 | 570db375df2f5219002ed102 | Adolescence | Romantic relationships tend to increase in prevalence throughout adolescence. By age 15, 53% of adolescents have had a romantic relationship that lasted at least one month over the course of the previous 18 months. In a 2008 study conducted by YouGov for Channel 4, 20% of 14−17-year-olds surveyed revealed that they had... | Do romantic relationships tend to increase or decrease throughout adolescence? | Do romantic relationships tend to increase or decrease throughout adolescence? | [
"Do romantic relationships tend to increase or decrease throughout adolescence?"
] | {
"text": [
"increase"
],
"answer_start": [
31
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113096 | 570db375df2f5219002ed103 | Adolescence | Romantic relationships tend to increase in prevalence throughout adolescence. By age 15, 53% of adolescents have had a romantic relationship that lasted at least one month over the course of the previous 18 months. In a 2008 study conducted by YouGov for Channel 4, 20% of 14−17-year-olds surveyed revealed that they had... | How many percent of adolescents have had a romantic relationship lasting one month or longer by age 15? | How many percent of adolescents have had a romantic relationship lasting one month or longer by age 15? | [
"How many percent of adolescents have had a romantic relationship lasting one month or longer by age 15?"
] | {
"text": [
"53%"
],
"answer_start": [
89
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113097 | 570db375df2f5219002ed104 | Adolescence | Romantic relationships tend to increase in prevalence throughout adolescence. By age 15, 53% of adolescents have had a romantic relationship that lasted at least one month over the course of the previous 18 months. In a 2008 study conducted by YouGov for Channel 4, 20% of 14−17-year-olds surveyed revealed that they had... | At what average age did American males report their first sexual intercourse took place? | At what average age did American males report their first sexual intercourse took place? | [
"At what average age did American males report their first sexual intercourse took place?"
] | {
"text": [
"17.0"
],
"answer_start": [
501
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113098 | 570db375df2f5219002ed105 | Adolescence | Romantic relationships tend to increase in prevalence throughout adolescence. By age 15, 53% of adolescents have had a romantic relationship that lasted at least one month over the course of the previous 18 months. In a 2008 study conducted by YouGov for Channel 4, 20% of 14−17-year-olds surveyed revealed that they had... | At what average age did American females report their first sexual intercourse took place? | At what average age did American females report their first sexual intercourse took place? | [
"At what average age did American females report their first sexual intercourse took place?"
] | {
"text": [
"17.3"
],
"answer_start": [
520
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113099 | 570db375df2f5219002ed106 | Adolescence | Romantic relationships tend to increase in prevalence throughout adolescence. By age 15, 53% of adolescents have had a romantic relationship that lasted at least one month over the course of the previous 18 months. In a 2008 study conducted by YouGov for Channel 4, 20% of 14−17-year-olds surveyed revealed that they had... | Does the typical duration of relationships increase or decrease throughout the teenage years? | Does the typical duration of relationships increase or decrease throughout the teenage years? | [
"Does the typical duration of relationships increase or decrease throughout the teenage years?"
] | {
"text": [
"increases"
],
"answer_start": [
576
]
} |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.