gem_id stringlengths 20 25 | id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringlengths 3 59 | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 1 270 | target stringlengths 1 270 | references list | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gem-squad_v2-train-114700 | 5ad23e14d7d075001a4288ac | Emotion | Emotions involve different components, such as subjective experience, cognitive processes, expressive behavior, psychophysiological changes, and instrumental behavior. At one time, academics attempted to identify the emotion with one of the components: William James with a subjective experience, behaviorists with instr... | What emotional component did behaviorists not identify emotion with? | What emotional component did behaviorists not identify emotion with? | [
"What emotional component did behaviorists not identify emotion with?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114701 | 5ad23e14d7d075001a4288ad | Emotion | Emotions involve different components, such as subjective experience, cognitive processes, expressive behavior, psychophysiological changes, and instrumental behavior. At one time, academics attempted to identify the emotion with one of the components: William James with a subjective experience, behaviorists with instr... | What academics did not identify emotions with physiological changes? | What academics did not identify emotions with physiological changes? | [
" What academics did not identify emotions with physiological changes?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114702 | 5ad23e14d7d075001a4288ae | Emotion | Emotions involve different components, such as subjective experience, cognitive processes, expressive behavior, psychophysiological changes, and instrumental behavior. At one time, academics attempted to identify the emotion with one of the components: William James with a subjective experience, behaviorists with instr... | Who discussed emotions out of the context of expressive body actions and cultural labels? | Who discussed emotions out of the context of expressive body actions and cultural labels? | [
"Who discussed emotions out of the context of expressive body actions and cultural labels?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114703 | 570a7c684103511400d59768 | Emotion | In Scherer's components processing model of emotion, five crucial elements of emotion are said to exist. From the component processing perspective, emotion experience is said to require that all of these processes become coordinated and synchronized for a short period of time, driven by appraisal processes. Although th... | What model of emotion was developed by Scherer? | What model of emotion was developed by Scherer? | [
"What model of emotion was developed by Scherer?"
] | {
"text": [
"components processing model"
],
"answer_start": [
13
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114704 | 570a7c684103511400d59769 | Emotion | In Scherer's components processing model of emotion, five crucial elements of emotion are said to exist. From the component processing perspective, emotion experience is said to require that all of these processes become coordinated and synchronized for a short period of time, driven by appraisal processes. Although th... | How many important emotional elements are present in the components processing model? | How many important emotional elements are present in the components processing model? | [
"How many important emotional elements are present in the components processing model?"
] | {
"text": [
"five"
],
"answer_start": [
53
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114705 | 570a7c684103511400d5976a | Emotion | In Scherer's components processing model of emotion, five crucial elements of emotion are said to exist. From the component processing perspective, emotion experience is said to require that all of these processes become coordinated and synchronized for a short period of time, driven by appraisal processes. Although th... | What processes drive the other components processing model processes? | What processes drive the other components processing model processes? | [
"What processes drive the other components processing model processes?"
] | {
"text": [
"appraisal"
],
"answer_start": [
288
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114706 | 5ad24373d7d075001a4289f2 | Emotion | In Scherer's components processing model of emotion, five crucial elements of emotion are said to exist. From the component processing perspective, emotion experience is said to require that all of these processes become coordinated and synchronized for a short period of time, driven by appraisal processes. Although th... | What model of emotion was undeveloped by Scherer? | What model of emotion was undeveloped by Scherer? | [
"What model of emotion was undeveloped by Scherer?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114707 | 5ad24373d7d075001a4289f3 | Emotion | In Scherer's components processing model of emotion, five crucial elements of emotion are said to exist. From the component processing perspective, emotion experience is said to require that all of these processes become coordinated and synchronized for a short period of time, driven by appraisal processes. Although th... | How many unimportant emotional elements are present in the components processing model? | How many unimportant emotional elements are present in the components processing model? | [
"How many unimportant emotional elements are present in the components processing model?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114708 | 5ad24373d7d075001a4289f4 | Emotion | In Scherer's components processing model of emotion, five crucial elements of emotion are said to exist. From the component processing perspective, emotion experience is said to require that all of these processes become coordinated and synchronized for a short period of time, driven by appraisal processes. Although th... | What processes don't drive the other components processing model processes? | What processes don't drive the other components processing model processes? | [
"What processes don't drive the other components processing model processes?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114709 | 570a7cdb6d058f1900182ea0 | Emotion | Through the use of multidimensional scaling, psychologists can map out similar emotional experiences, which allows a visual depiction of the "emotional distance" between experiences. A further step can be taken by looking at the map's dimensions of the emotional experiences. The emotional experiences are divided into t... | What do psychologists use to visually map emotional experiences? | What do psychologists use to visually map emotional experiences? | [
"What do psychologists use to visually map emotional experiences?"
] | {
"text": [
"multidimensional scaling"
],
"answer_start": [
19
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114710 | 570a7cdb6d058f1900182ea1 | Emotion | Through the use of multidimensional scaling, psychologists can map out similar emotional experiences, which allows a visual depiction of the "emotional distance" between experiences. A further step can be taken by looking at the map's dimensions of the emotional experiences. The emotional experiences are divided into t... | Along with valence, what is the other of the two dimensions used to map emotional experiences? | Along with valence, what is the other of the two dimensions used to map emotional experiences? | [
"Along with valence, what is the other of the two dimensions used to map emotional experiences?"
] | {
"text": [
"arousal"
],
"answer_start": [
403
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114711 | 570a7cdb6d058f1900182ea2 | Emotion | Through the use of multidimensional scaling, psychologists can map out similar emotional experiences, which allows a visual depiction of the "emotional distance" between experiences. A further step can be taken by looking at the map's dimensions of the emotional experiences. The emotional experiences are divided into t... | What is the term for the feeling of energy or enervation created by an emotional experience? | What is the term for the feeling of energy or enervation created by an emotional experience? | [
"What is the term for the feeling of energy or enervation created by an emotional experience?"
] | {
"text": [
"arousal"
],
"answer_start": [
403
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114712 | 570a7cdb6d058f1900182ea3 | Emotion | Through the use of multidimensional scaling, psychologists can map out similar emotional experiences, which allows a visual depiction of the "emotional distance" between experiences. A further step can be taken by looking at the map's dimensions of the emotional experiences. The emotional experiences are divided into t... | What is the term for the degree to which an emotional experience feels positive or negative? | What is the term for the degree to which an emotional experience feels positive or negative? | [
"What is the term for the degree to which an emotional experience feels positive or negative?"
] | {
"text": [
"valence"
],
"answer_start": [
343
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114713 | 570a7cdb6d058f1900182ea4 | Emotion | Through the use of multidimensional scaling, psychologists can map out similar emotional experiences, which allows a visual depiction of the "emotional distance" between experiences. A further step can be taken by looking at the map's dimensions of the emotional experiences. The emotional experiences are divided into t... | What component of emotion provides its perceived energy? | What component of emotion provides its perceived energy? | [
"What component of emotion provides its perceived energy?"
] | {
"text": [
"core affect"
],
"answer_start": [
615
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114714 | 5ad24477d7d075001a428a5e | Emotion | Through the use of multidimensional scaling, psychologists can map out similar emotional experiences, which allows a visual depiction of the "emotional distance" between experiences. A further step can be taken by looking at the map's dimensions of the emotional experiences. The emotional experiences are divided into t... | What do psychologists use to non-visually map emotional experiences? | What do psychologists use to non-visually map emotional experiences? | [
" What do psychologists use to non-visually map emotional experiences?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114715 | 5ad24477d7d075001a428a5f | Emotion | Through the use of multidimensional scaling, psychologists can map out similar emotional experiences, which allows a visual depiction of the "emotional distance" between experiences. A further step can be taken by looking at the map's dimensions of the emotional experiences. The emotional experiences are divided into t... | Along with valence, what is the other of the three dimensions used to map emotional experiences? | Along with valence, what is the other of the three dimensions used to map emotional experiences? | [
"Along with valence, what is the other of the three dimensions used to map emotional experiences?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114716 | 5ad24477d7d075001a428a60 | Emotion | Through the use of multidimensional scaling, psychologists can map out similar emotional experiences, which allows a visual depiction of the "emotional distance" between experiences. A further step can be taken by looking at the map's dimensions of the emotional experiences. The emotional experiences are divided into t... | What isn't the term for the feeling of energy or enervation created by an emotional experience? | What isn't the term for the feeling of energy or enervation created by an emotional experience? | [
"What isn't the term for the feeling of energy or enervation created by an emotional experience?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114717 | 5ad24477d7d075001a428a61 | Emotion | Through the use of multidimensional scaling, psychologists can map out similar emotional experiences, which allows a visual depiction of the "emotional distance" between experiences. A further step can be taken by looking at the map's dimensions of the emotional experiences. The emotional experiences are divided into t... | What is the term for the degree to which an non-emotional experience feels positive or negative? | What is the term for the degree to which an non-emotional experience feels positive or negative? | [
"What is the term for the degree to which an non-emotional experience feels positive or negative?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114718 | 5ad24477d7d075001a428a62 | Emotion | Through the use of multidimensional scaling, psychologists can map out similar emotional experiences, which allows a visual depiction of the "emotional distance" between experiences. A further step can be taken by looking at the map's dimensions of the emotional experiences. The emotional experiences are divided into t... | What component of non-emotion provides its perceived energy? | What component of non-emotion provides its perceived energy? | [
" What component of non-emotion provides its perceived energy?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114719 | 570a7d566d058f1900182eaa | Emotion | More contemporary views along the evolutionary psychology spectrum posit that both basic emotions and social emotions evolved to motivate (social) behaviors that were adaptive in the ancestral environment. Current research[citation needed] suggests that emotion is an essential part of any human decision-making and plan... | Who argued that emotional responses compete with instinct and reason? | Who argued that emotional responses compete with instinct and reason? | [
"Who argued that emotional responses compete with instinct and reason?"
] | {
"text": [
"Paul D. MacLean"
],
"answer_start": [
414
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114720 | 570a7d566d058f1900182eab | Emotion | More contemporary views along the evolutionary psychology spectrum posit that both basic emotions and social emotions evolved to motivate (social) behaviors that were adaptive in the ancestral environment. Current research[citation needed] suggests that emotion is an essential part of any human decision-making and plan... | What technology has allowed for research into the earlier-evolved parts of the brain? | What technology has allowed for research into the earlier-evolved parts of the brain? | [
"What technology has allowed for research into the earlier-evolved parts of the brain?"
] | {
"text": [
"neuroimaging"
],
"answer_start": [
589
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114721 | 570a7d566d058f1900182eac | Emotion | More contemporary views along the evolutionary psychology spectrum posit that both basic emotions and social emotions evolved to motivate (social) behaviors that were adaptive in the ancestral environment. Current research[citation needed] suggests that emotion is an essential part of any human decision-making and plan... | Along with LeDoux, who was a notable neurological brain researcher? | Along with LeDoux, who was a notable neurological brain researcher? | [
"Along with LeDoux, who was a notable neurological brain researcher?"
] | {
"text": [
"António Damásio"
],
"answer_start": [
787
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114722 | 570a7d566d058f1900182ead | Emotion | More contemporary views along the evolutionary psychology spectrum posit that both basic emotions and social emotions evolved to motivate (social) behaviors that were adaptive in the ancestral environment. Current research[citation needed] suggests that emotion is an essential part of any human decision-making and plan... | In what decade did Damásio and LeDoux do notable work? | In what decade did Damásio and LeDoux do notable work? | [
"In what decade did Damásio and LeDoux do notable work?"
] | {
"text": [
"1990s"
],
"answer_start": [
757
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114723 | 5ad24633d7d075001a428adc | Emotion | More contemporary views along the evolutionary psychology spectrum posit that both basic emotions and social emotions evolved to motivate (social) behaviors that were adaptive in the ancestral environment. Current research[citation needed] suggests that emotion is an essential part of any human decision-making and plan... | Who argued against emotional responses compete with instinct and reason? | Who argued against emotional responses compete with instinct and reason? | [
"Who argued against emotional responses compete with instinct and reason?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114724 | 5ad24633d7d075001a428add | Emotion | More contemporary views along the evolutionary psychology spectrum posit that both basic emotions and social emotions evolved to motivate (social) behaviors that were adaptive in the ancestral environment. Current research[citation needed] suggests that emotion is an essential part of any human decision-making and plan... | What technology has disallowed for research into the earlier-evolved parts of the brain? | What technology has disallowed for research into the earlier-evolved parts of the brain? | [
"What technology has disallowed for research into the earlier-evolved parts of the brain?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114725 | 5ad24633d7d075001a428ade | Emotion | More contemporary views along the evolutionary psychology spectrum posit that both basic emotions and social emotions evolved to motivate (social) behaviors that were adaptive in the ancestral environment. Current research[citation needed] suggests that emotion is an essential part of any human decision-making and plan... | Along with LeDoux, who wasn't a notable neurological brain researcher? | Along with LeDoux, who wasn't a notable neurological brain researcher? | [
"Along with LeDoux, who wasn't a notable neurological brain researcher?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114726 | 5ad24633d7d075001a428adf | Emotion | More contemporary views along the evolutionary psychology spectrum posit that both basic emotions and social emotions evolved to motivate (social) behaviors that were adaptive in the ancestral environment. Current research[citation needed] suggests that emotion is an essential part of any human decision-making and plan... | In what decade did Damásio and LeDoux do unnotable work? | In what decade did Damásio and LeDoux do unnotable work? | [
" In what decade did Damásio and LeDoux do unnotable work?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114727 | 570a7de94103511400d5976e | Emotion | This is a communication-based theory developed by Howard M. Weiss and Russell Cropanzano (1996), that looks at the causes, structures, and consequences of emotional experience (especially in work contexts). This theory suggests that emotions are influenced and caused by events which in turn influence attitudes and beha... | Along with Cropanzano, who developed a communication-based theory of emotional experience? | Along with Cropanzano, who developed a communication-based theory of emotional experience? | [
"Along with Cropanzano, who developed a communication-based theory of emotional experience?"
] | {
"text": [
"Howard M. Weiss"
],
"answer_start": [
50
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114728 | 570a7de94103511400d5976f | Emotion | This is a communication-based theory developed by Howard M. Weiss and Russell Cropanzano (1996), that looks at the causes, structures, and consequences of emotional experience (especially in work contexts). This theory suggests that emotions are influenced and caused by events which in turn influence attitudes and beha... | When did Weiss and Cropanzano publish their work? | When did Weiss and Cropanzano publish their work? | [
"When did Weiss and Cropanzano publish their work?"
] | {
"text": [
"1996"
],
"answer_start": [
90
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114729 | 570a7de94103511400d59770 | Emotion | This is a communication-based theory developed by Howard M. Weiss and Russell Cropanzano (1996), that looks at the causes, structures, and consequences of emotional experience (especially in work contexts). This theory suggests that emotions are influenced and caused by events which in turn influence attitudes and beha... | What context did the theory of Weiss and Cropanzano pay particular attention to? | What context did the theory of Weiss and Cropanzano pay particular attention to? | [
"What context did the theory of Weiss and Cropanzano pay particular attention to?"
] | {
"text": [
"work"
],
"answer_start": [
191
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114730 | 570a7de94103511400d59771 | Emotion | This is a communication-based theory developed by Howard M. Weiss and Russell Cropanzano (1996), that looks at the causes, structures, and consequences of emotional experience (especially in work contexts). This theory suggests that emotions are influenced and caused by events which in turn influence attitudes and beha... | Who did Beal write "Reflections on Affective Events Theory" with? | Who did Beal write "Reflections on Affective Events Theory" with? | [
"Who did Beal write \"Reflections on Affective Events Theory\" with?"
] | {
"text": [
"Howard M. Weiss"
],
"answer_start": [
666
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114731 | 570a7de94103511400d59772 | Emotion | This is a communication-based theory developed by Howard M. Weiss and Russell Cropanzano (1996), that looks at the causes, structures, and consequences of emotional experience (especially in work contexts). This theory suggests that emotions are influenced and caused by events which in turn influence attitudes and beha... | Where was "Reflections on Affective Events Theory" published? | Where was "Reflections on Affective Events Theory" published? | [
"Where was \"Reflections on Affective Events Theory\" published?"
] | {
"text": [
"Research on Emotion in Organizations"
],
"answer_start": [
774
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114732 | 5ad253a8d7d075001a428d1c | Emotion | This is a communication-based theory developed by Howard M. Weiss and Russell Cropanzano (1996), that looks at the causes, structures, and consequences of emotional experience (especially in work contexts). This theory suggests that emotions are influenced and caused by events which in turn influence attitudes and beha... | Along with Cropanzano, who did not develop a communication-based theory of emotional experience? | Along with Cropanzano, who did not develop a communication-based theory of emotional experience? | [
"Along with Cropanzano, who did not develop a communication-based theory of emotional experience?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114733 | 5ad253a8d7d075001a428d1d | Emotion | This is a communication-based theory developed by Howard M. Weiss and Russell Cropanzano (1996), that looks at the causes, structures, and consequences of emotional experience (especially in work contexts). This theory suggests that emotions are influenced and caused by events which in turn influence attitudes and beha... | When did Weiss and Cropanzano reject their work? | When did Weiss and Cropanzano reject their work? | [
" When did Weiss and Cropanzano reject their work?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114734 | 5ad253a8d7d075001a428d1e | Emotion | This is a communication-based theory developed by Howard M. Weiss and Russell Cropanzano (1996), that looks at the causes, structures, and consequences of emotional experience (especially in work contexts). This theory suggests that emotions are influenced and caused by events which in turn influence attitudes and beha... | What context did the theory of Weiss and Cropanzano not pay any attention to? | What context did the theory of Weiss and Cropanzano not pay any attention to? | [
"What context did the theory of Weiss and Cropanzano not pay any attention to?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114735 | 5ad253a8d7d075001a428d1f | Emotion | This is a communication-based theory developed by Howard M. Weiss and Russell Cropanzano (1996), that looks at the causes, structures, and consequences of emotional experience (especially in work contexts). This theory suggests that emotions are influenced and caused by events which in turn influence attitudes and beha... | Who did Beal draw "Reflections on Affective Events Theory" with? | Who did Beal draw "Reflections on Affective Events Theory" with? | [
" Who did Beal draw \"Reflections on Affective Events Theory\" with?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114736 | 570a7e7c4103511400d59778 | Emotion | The motor centers of reptiles react to sensory cues of vision, sound, touch, chemical, gravity, and motion with pre-set body movements and programmed postures. With the arrival of night-active mammals, smell replaced vision as the dominant sense, and a different way of responding arose from the olfactory sense, which i... | What parts of reptiles respond to sensory cues? | What parts of reptiles respond to sensory cues? | [
"What parts of reptiles respond to sensory cues?"
] | {
"text": [
"motor centers"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114737 | 570a7e7c4103511400d59779 | Emotion | The motor centers of reptiles react to sensory cues of vision, sound, touch, chemical, gravity, and motion with pre-set body movements and programmed postures. With the arrival of night-active mammals, smell replaced vision as the dominant sense, and a different way of responding arose from the olfactory sense, which i... | What is the principal sense of night-active mammals? | What is the principal sense of night-active mammals? | [
"What is the principal sense of night-active mammals?"
] | {
"text": [
"smell"
],
"answer_start": [
202
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114738 | 570a7e7c4103511400d5977a | Emotion | The motor centers of reptiles react to sensory cues of vision, sound, touch, chemical, gravity, and motion with pre-set body movements and programmed postures. With the arrival of night-active mammals, smell replaced vision as the dominant sense, and a different way of responding arose from the olfactory sense, which i... | Why were early mammals active at night? | Why were early mammals active at night? | [
"Why were early mammals active at night?"
] | {
"text": [
"reptiles slept"
],
"answer_start": [
467
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114739 | 570a7e7c4103511400d5977b | Emotion | The motor centers of reptiles react to sensory cues of vision, sound, touch, chemical, gravity, and motion with pre-set body movements and programmed postures. With the arrival of night-active mammals, smell replaced vision as the dominant sense, and a different way of responding arose from the olfactory sense, which i... | What developed from the mammalian odor pathways? | What developed from the mammalian odor pathways? | [
"What developed from the mammalian odor pathways?"
] | {
"text": [
"limbic brain"
],
"answer_start": [
681
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114740 | 570a7e7c4103511400d5977c | Emotion | The motor centers of reptiles react to sensory cues of vision, sound, touch, chemical, gravity, and motion with pre-set body movements and programmed postures. With the arrival of night-active mammals, smell replaced vision as the dominant sense, and a different way of responding arose from the olfactory sense, which i... | How do the olfactory lobes of mammals compare in size to those of reptiles? | How do the olfactory lobes of mammals compare in size to those of reptiles? | [
"How do the olfactory lobes of mammals compare in size to those of reptiles?"
] | {
"text": [
"larger"
],
"answer_start": [
561
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114741 | 5ad25680d7d075001a428d6c | Emotion | The motor centers of reptiles react to sensory cues of vision, sound, touch, chemical, gravity, and motion with pre-set body movements and programmed postures. With the arrival of night-active mammals, smell replaced vision as the dominant sense, and a different way of responding arose from the olfactory sense, which i... | What parts of reptiles don't respond to sensory cues? | What parts of reptiles don't respond to sensory cues? | [
"What parts of reptiles don't respond to sensory cues?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114742 | 5ad25680d7d075001a428d6d | Emotion | The motor centers of reptiles react to sensory cues of vision, sound, touch, chemical, gravity, and motion with pre-set body movements and programmed postures. With the arrival of night-active mammals, smell replaced vision as the dominant sense, and a different way of responding arose from the olfactory sense, which i... | What is the principal sense of morning-active mammals? | What is the principal sense of morning-active mammals? | [
" What is the principal sense of morning-active mammals?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114743 | 5ad25680d7d075001a428d6e | Emotion | The motor centers of reptiles react to sensory cues of vision, sound, touch, chemical, gravity, and motion with pre-set body movements and programmed postures. With the arrival of night-active mammals, smell replaced vision as the dominant sense, and a different way of responding arose from the olfactory sense, which i... | Why were early mammals active in the morning? | Why were early mammals active in the morning? | [
" Why were early mammals active in the morning?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114744 | 5ad25680d7d075001a428d6f | Emotion | The motor centers of reptiles react to sensory cues of vision, sound, touch, chemical, gravity, and motion with pre-set body movements and programmed postures. With the arrival of night-active mammals, smell replaced vision as the dominant sense, and a different way of responding arose from the olfactory sense, which i... | What developed from the mammalian sonic pathways? | What developed from the mammalian sonic pathways? | [
" What developed from the mammalian sonic pathways?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114745 | 5ad25680d7d075001a428d70 | Emotion | The motor centers of reptiles react to sensory cues of vision, sound, touch, chemical, gravity, and motion with pre-set body movements and programmed postures. With the arrival of night-active mammals, smell replaced vision as the dominant sense, and a different way of responding arose from the olfactory sense, which i... | How do the olfactory lobes of mammals not compare in size to those of reptiles? | How do the olfactory lobes of mammals not compare in size to those of reptiles? | [
"How do the olfactory lobes of mammals not compare in size to those of reptiles?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114746 | 570a7f296d058f1900182eb2 | Emotion | This still left open the question of whether the opposite of approach in the prefrontal cortex is better described as moving away (Direction Model), as unmoving but with strength and resistance (Movement Model), or as unmoving with passive yielding (Action Tendency Model). Support for the Action Tendency Model (passivi... | What model described the opposite of approach as moving away? | What model described the opposite of approach as moving away? | [
"What model described the opposite of approach as moving away?"
] | {
"text": [
"Direction Model"
],
"answer_start": [
131
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114747 | 570a7f296d058f1900182eb3 | Emotion | This still left open the question of whether the opposite of approach in the prefrontal cortex is better described as moving away (Direction Model), as unmoving but with strength and resistance (Movement Model), or as unmoving with passive yielding (Action Tendency Model). Support for the Action Tendency Model (passivi... | What model described the opposite of approach as unmoving but with resistance and strength? | What model described the opposite of approach as unmoving but with resistance and strength? | [
"What model described the opposite of approach as unmoving but with resistance and strength?"
] | {
"text": [
"Movement Model"
],
"answer_start": [
195
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114748 | 570a7f296d058f1900182eb4 | Emotion | This still left open the question of whether the opposite of approach in the prefrontal cortex is better described as moving away (Direction Model), as unmoving but with strength and resistance (Movement Model), or as unmoving with passive yielding (Action Tendency Model). Support for the Action Tendency Model (passivi... | According to the Action Tendency Model, the opposite of approach is described as unmoving with what? | According to the Action Tendency Model, the opposite of approach is described as unmoving with what? | [
"According to the Action Tendency Model, the opposite of approach is described as unmoving with what?"
] | {
"text": [
"passive yielding"
],
"answer_start": [
232
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114749 | 570a7f296d058f1900182eb5 | Emotion | This still left open the question of whether the opposite of approach in the prefrontal cortex is better described as moving away (Direction Model), as unmoving but with strength and resistance (Movement Model), or as unmoving with passive yielding (Action Tendency Model). Support for the Action Tendency Model (passivi... | Along with behavioral inhibition, research on what trait resulted in support for the Action Tendency Model? | Along with behavioral inhibition, research on what trait resulted in support for the Action Tendency Model? | [
"Along with behavioral inhibition, research on what trait resulted in support for the Action Tendency Model?"
] | {
"text": [
"shyness"
],
"answer_start": [
384
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114750 | 5ad257a0d7d075001a428d90 | Emotion | This still left open the question of whether the opposite of approach in the prefrontal cortex is better described as moving away (Direction Model), as unmoving but with strength and resistance (Movement Model), or as unmoving with passive yielding (Action Tendency Model). Support for the Action Tendency Model (passivi... | What model did not describe the opposite of approach as moving away? | What model did not describe the opposite of approach as moving away? | [
"What model did not describe the opposite of approach as moving away?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114751 | 5ad257a0d7d075001a428d91 | Emotion | This still left open the question of whether the opposite of approach in the prefrontal cortex is better described as moving away (Direction Model), as unmoving but with strength and resistance (Movement Model), or as unmoving with passive yielding (Action Tendency Model). Support for the Action Tendency Model (passivi... | What model described the same approach as unmoving but with resistance and strength? | What model described the same approach as unmoving but with resistance and strength? | [
"What model described the same approach as unmoving but with resistance and strength?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114752 | 5ad257a0d7d075001a428d92 | Emotion | This still left open the question of whether the opposite of approach in the prefrontal cortex is better described as moving away (Direction Model), as unmoving but with strength and resistance (Movement Model), or as unmoving with passive yielding (Action Tendency Model). Support for the Action Tendency Model (passivi... | According to the Action Tendency Model, the similar approach is described as unmoving with what? | According to the Action Tendency Model, the similar approach is described as unmoving with what? | [
"According to the Action Tendency Model, the similar approach is described as unmoving with what?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114753 | 5ad257a0d7d075001a428d93 | Emotion | This still left open the question of whether the opposite of approach in the prefrontal cortex is better described as moving away (Direction Model), as unmoving but with strength and resistance (Movement Model), or as unmoving with passive yielding (Action Tendency Model). Support for the Action Tendency Model (passivi... | Along with behavioral inhibition, research on what trait did not result in support for the Action Tendency Model? | Along with behavioral inhibition, research on what trait did not result in support for the Action Tendency Model? | [
"Along with behavioral inhibition, research on what trait did not result in support for the Action Tendency Model?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114754 | 570a7fbf4103511400d59782 | Emotion | In economics, the social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services, emotions are analyzed in some sub-fields of microeconomics, in order to assess the role of emotions on purchase decision-making and risk perception. In criminology, a social science approach to the study o... | In what economics sub-field are emotions discussed? | In what economics sub-field are emotions discussed? | [
"In what economics sub-field are emotions discussed?"
] | {
"text": [
"microeconomics"
],
"answer_start": [
159
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114755 | 570a7fbf4103511400d59783 | Emotion | In economics, the social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services, emotions are analyzed in some sub-fields of microeconomics, in order to assess the role of emotions on purchase decision-making and risk perception. In criminology, a social science approach to the study o... | What is a notable political science subfield where emotions are analyzed? | What is a notable political science subfield where emotions are analyzed? | [
"What is a notable political science subfield where emotions are analyzed?"
] | {
"text": [
"the analysis of voter decision-making"
],
"answer_start": [
926
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114756 | 570a7fbf4103511400d59784 | Emotion | In economics, the social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services, emotions are analyzed in some sub-fields of microeconomics, in order to assess the role of emotions on purchase decision-making and risk perception. In criminology, a social science approach to the study o... | Along with criminal law, what facet of law considers evidence related to emotion? | Along with criminal law, what facet of law considers evidence related to emotion? | [
"Along with criminal law, what facet of law considers evidence related to emotion?"
] | {
"text": [
"tort law"
],
"answer_start": [
658
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114757 | 570a7fbf4103511400d59785 | Emotion | In economics, the social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services, emotions are analyzed in some sub-fields of microeconomics, in order to assess the role of emotions on purchase decision-making and risk perception. In criminology, a social science approach to the study o... | Along with sociology and behavioral sciences, what discipline informs the field of criminology? | Along with sociology and behavioral sciences, what discipline informs the field of criminology? | [
"Along with sociology and behavioral sciences, what discipline informs the field of criminology?"
] | {
"text": [
"psychology"
],
"answer_start": [
388
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114758 | 570a7fbf4103511400d59786 | Emotion | In economics, the social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services, emotions are analyzed in some sub-fields of microeconomics, in order to assess the role of emotions on purchase decision-making and risk perception. In criminology, a social science approach to the study o... | Along with risk perception, what do economists study emotion in relate to? | Along with risk perception, what do economists study emotion in relate to? | [
"Along with risk perception, what do economists study emotion in relate to?"
] | {
"text": [
"purchase decision-making"
],
"answer_start": [
218
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114759 | 5ad25fcbd7d075001a428f96 | Emotion | In economics, the social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services, emotions are analyzed in some sub-fields of microeconomics, in order to assess the role of emotions on purchase decision-making and risk perception. In criminology, a social science approach to the study o... | In what economics sub-field are emotions not discussed? | In what economics sub-field are emotions not discussed? | [
"In what economics sub-field are emotions not discussed?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114760 | 5ad25fcbd7d075001a428f97 | Emotion | In economics, the social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services, emotions are analyzed in some sub-fields of microeconomics, in order to assess the role of emotions on purchase decision-making and risk perception. In criminology, a social science approach to the study o... | What is not a notable political science subfield where emotions are analyzed? | What is not a notable political science subfield where emotions are analyzed? | [
"What is not a notable political science subfield where emotions are analyzed?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114761 | 5ad25fcbd7d075001a428f98 | Emotion | In economics, the social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services, emotions are analyzed in some sub-fields of microeconomics, in order to assess the role of emotions on purchase decision-making and risk perception. In criminology, a social science approach to the study o... | Along with criminal law, what facet of law doesn't consider evidence related to emotion? | Along with criminal law, what facet of law doesn't consider evidence related to emotion? | [
"Along with criminal law, what facet of law doesn't consider evidence related to emotion?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114762 | 5ad25fcbd7d075001a428f99 | Emotion | In economics, the social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services, emotions are analyzed in some sub-fields of microeconomics, in order to assess the role of emotions on purchase decision-making and risk perception. In criminology, a social science approach to the study o... | Along with sociology and behavioral sciences, what discipline does not inform the field of criminology? | Along with sociology and behavioral sciences, what discipline does not inform the field of criminology? | [
"Along with sociology and behavioral sciences, what discipline does not inform the field of criminology?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114763 | 570a803f4103511400d59796 | Emotion | Attempts are frequently made to regulate emotion according to the conventions of the society and the situation based on many (sometimes conflicting) demands and expectations which originate from various entities. The emotion of anger is in many cultures discouraged in girls and women, while fear is discouraged in boys ... | What emotion do many cultures discourage in women? | What emotion do many cultures discourage in women? | [
"What emotion do many cultures discourage in women?"
] | {
"text": [
"anger"
],
"answer_start": [
228
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114764 | 570a803f4103511400d59797 | Emotion | Attempts are frequently made to regulate emotion according to the conventions of the society and the situation based on many (sometimes conflicting) demands and expectations which originate from various entities. The emotion of anger is in many cultures discouraged in girls and women, while fear is discouraged in boys ... | Some cultures attempt to regulate what emotion in boys? | Some cultures attempt to regulate what emotion in boys? | [
"Some cultures attempt to regulate what emotion in boys?"
] | {
"text": [
"fear"
],
"answer_start": [
292
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114765 | 570a803f4103511400d59798 | Emotion | Attempts are frequently made to regulate emotion according to the conventions of the society and the situation based on many (sometimes conflicting) demands and expectations which originate from various entities. The emotion of anger is in many cultures discouraged in girls and women, while fear is discouraged in boys ... | The open expression of what emotion is generally frowned upon in most cultures? | The open expression of what emotion is generally frowned upon in most cultures? | [
"The open expression of what emotion is generally frowned upon in most cultures?"
] | {
"text": [
"disgust"
],
"answer_start": [
627
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114766 | 570a803f4103511400d59799 | Emotion | Attempts are frequently made to regulate emotion according to the conventions of the society and the situation based on many (sometimes conflicting) demands and expectations which originate from various entities. The emotion of anger is in many cultures discouraged in girls and women, while fear is discouraged in boys ... | What social institution is associated with the emotion of love? | What social institution is associated with the emotion of love? | [
"What social institution is associated with the emotion of love?"
] | {
"text": [
"marriage"
],
"answer_start": [
808
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114767 | 570a803f4103511400d5979a | Emotion | Attempts are frequently made to regulate emotion according to the conventions of the society and the situation based on many (sometimes conflicting) demands and expectations which originate from various entities. The emotion of anger is in many cultures discouraged in girls and women, while fear is discouraged in boys ... | What emotion do political campaigns appeal to in regard to terrorism? | What emotion do political campaigns appeal to in regard to terrorism? | [
"What emotion do political campaigns appeal to in regard to terrorism?"
] | {
"text": [
"fear"
],
"answer_start": [
1013
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114768 | 5ad2616cd7d075001a42902c | Emotion | Attempts are frequently made to regulate emotion according to the conventions of the society and the situation based on many (sometimes conflicting) demands and expectations which originate from various entities. The emotion of anger is in many cultures discouraged in girls and women, while fear is discouraged in boys ... | What emotion do many cultures encourage in women? | What emotion do many cultures encourage in women? | [
"What emotion do many cultures encourage in women?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114769 | 5ad2616cd7d075001a42902d | Emotion | Attempts are frequently made to regulate emotion according to the conventions of the society and the situation based on many (sometimes conflicting) demands and expectations which originate from various entities. The emotion of anger is in many cultures discouraged in girls and women, while fear is discouraged in boys ... | Some cultures attempt to regulate what emotion in women? | Some cultures attempt to regulate what emotion in women? | [
" Some cultures attempt to regulate what emotion in women?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114770 | 5ad2616cd7d075001a42902e | Emotion | Attempts are frequently made to regulate emotion according to the conventions of the society and the situation based on many (sometimes conflicting) demands and expectations which originate from various entities. The emotion of anger is in many cultures discouraged in girls and women, while fear is discouraged in boys ... | The open expression of what emotion is generally accepted in most cultures? | The open expression of what emotion is generally accepted in most cultures? | [
"The open expression of what emotion is generally accepted in most cultures?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114771 | 5ad2616cd7d075001a42902f | Emotion | Attempts are frequently made to regulate emotion according to the conventions of the society and the situation based on many (sometimes conflicting) demands and expectations which originate from various entities. The emotion of anger is in many cultures discouraged in girls and women, while fear is discouraged in boys ... | What social institution is not associated with the emotion of love? | What social institution is not associated with the emotion of love? | [
" What social institution is not associated with the emotion of love?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114772 | 5ad2616cd7d075001a429030 | Emotion | Attempts are frequently made to regulate emotion according to the conventions of the society and the situation based on many (sometimes conflicting) demands and expectations which originate from various entities. The emotion of anger is in many cultures discouraged in girls and women, while fear is discouraged in boys ... | What emotion do political campaigns not appeal to in regard to terrorism? | What emotion do political campaigns not appeal to in regard to terrorism? | [
"What emotion do political campaigns not appeal to in regard to terrorism?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114773 | 5a7db48670df9f001a87505f | Matter | Before the 20th century, the term matter included ordinary matter composed of atoms and excluded other energy phenomena such as light or sound. This concept of matter may be generalized from atoms to include any objects having mass even when at rest, but this is ill-defined because an object's mass can arise from its (... | What did the term matter include after the 20th century? | What did the term matter include after the 20th century? | [
"What did the term matter include after the 20th century?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114774 | 5a7db48670df9f001a875060 | Matter | Before the 20th century, the term matter included ordinary matter composed of atoms and excluded other energy phenomena such as light or sound. This concept of matter may be generalized from atoms to include any objects having mass even when at rest, but this is ill-defined because an object's mass can arise from its (... | What are atoms composed of? | What are atoms composed of? | [
"What are atoms composed of?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114775 | 5a7db48670df9f001a875061 | Matter | Before the 20th century, the term matter included ordinary matter composed of atoms and excluded other energy phenomena such as light or sound. This concept of matter may be generalized from atoms to include any objects having mass even when at rest, but this is ill-defined because an object's mass can arise from its (... | What are two examples of matter? | What are two examples of matter? | [
"What are two examples of matter?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114776 | 5a7db48670df9f001a875062 | Matter | Before the 20th century, the term matter included ordinary matter composed of atoms and excluded other energy phenomena such as light or sound. This concept of matter may be generalized from atoms to include any objects having mass even when at rest, but this is ill-defined because an object's mass can arise from its (... | What can an object's mass not come from? | What can an object's mass not come from? | [
"What can an object's mass not come from?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114777 | 5a7db48670df9f001a875063 | Matter | Before the 20th century, the term matter included ordinary matter composed of atoms and excluded other energy phenomena such as light or sound. This concept of matter may be generalized from atoms to include any objects having mass even when at rest, but this is ill-defined because an object's mass can arise from its (... | Matter is currently considered to be what kind of concept? | Matter is currently considered to be what kind of concept? | [
"Matter is currently considered to be what kind of concept?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114778 | 5a7db5c270df9f001a875069 | Matter | All the objects from everyday life that we can bump into, touch or squeeze are composed of atoms. This atomic matter is in turn made up of interacting subatomic particles—usually a nucleus of protons and neutrons, and a cloud of orbiting electrons. Typically, science considers these composite particles matter because t... | What orbits around electrons? | What orbits around electrons? | [
"What orbits around electrons?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114779 | 5a7db5c270df9f001a87506a | Matter | All the objects from everyday life that we can bump into, touch or squeeze are composed of atoms. This atomic matter is in turn made up of interacting subatomic particles—usually a nucleus of protons and neutrons, and a cloud of orbiting electrons. Typically, science considers these composite particles matter because t... | What are protons and neutrons made out of? | What are protons and neutrons made out of? | [
"What are protons and neutrons made out of?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114780 | 5a7db5c270df9f001a87506b | Matter | All the objects from everyday life that we can bump into, touch or squeeze are composed of atoms. This atomic matter is in turn made up of interacting subatomic particles—usually a nucleus of protons and neutrons, and a cloud of orbiting electrons. Typically, science considers these composite particles matter because t... | All particles with rest mass have what kind of volume? | All particles with rest mass have what kind of volume? | [
"All particles with rest mass have what kind of volume?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114781 | 5a7db5c270df9f001a87506c | Matter | All the objects from everyday life that we can bump into, touch or squeeze are composed of atoms. This atomic matter is in turn made up of interacting subatomic particles—usually a nucleus of protons and neutrons, and a cloud of orbiting electrons. Typically, science considers these composite particles matter because t... | What cannot contribute to effective volume? | What cannot contribute to effective volume? | [
"What cannot contribute to effective volume?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114782 | 5a7db5c270df9f001a87506d | Matter | All the objects from everyday life that we can bump into, touch or squeeze are composed of atoms. This atomic matter is in turn made up of interacting subatomic particles—usually a nucleus of protons and neutrons, and a cloud of orbiting electrons. Typically, science considers these composite particles matter because t... | What kind of size or volume do point particles have? | What kind of size or volume do point particles have? | [
"What kind of size or volume do point particles have?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114783 | 5a7db6b770df9f001a875073 | Matter | Matter commonly exists in four states (or phases): solid, liquid and gas, and plasma. However, advances in experimental techniques have revealed other previously theoretical phases, such as Bose–Einstein condensates and fermionic condensates. A focus on an elementary-particle view of matter also leads to new phases of ... | How many forms of solids are there? | How many forms of solids are there? | [
"How many forms of solids are there?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114784 | 5a7db6b770df9f001a875074 | Matter | Matter commonly exists in four states (or phases): solid, liquid and gas, and plasma. However, advances in experimental techniques have revealed other previously theoretical phases, such as Bose–Einstein condensates and fermionic condensates. A focus on an elementary-particle view of matter also leads to new phases of ... | What theory states that matter can exist in four states? | What theory states that matter can exist in four states? | [
"What theory states that matter can exist in four states?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114785 | 5a7db6b770df9f001a875075 | Matter | Matter commonly exists in four states (or phases): solid, liquid and gas, and plasma. However, advances in experimental techniques have revealed other previously theoretical phases, such as Bose–Einstein condensates and fermionic condensates. A focus on an elementary-particle view of matter also leads to new phases of ... | Who suggested the Bose-Einstein theory? | Who suggested the Bose-Einstein theory? | [
"Who suggested the Bose-Einstein theory?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114786 | 5a7db6b770df9f001a875076 | Matter | Matter commonly exists in four states (or phases): solid, liquid and gas, and plasma. However, advances in experimental techniques have revealed other previously theoretical phases, such as Bose–Einstein condensates and fermionic condensates. A focus on an elementary-particle view of matter also leads to new phases of ... | What new form of plasma did Democritus discover? | What new form of plasma did Democritus discover? | [
"What new form of plasma did Democritus discover?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114787 | 5a7db6b770df9f001a875077 | Matter | Matter commonly exists in four states (or phases): solid, liquid and gas, and plasma. However, advances in experimental techniques have revealed other previously theoretical phases, such as Bose–Einstein condensates and fermionic condensates. A focus on an elementary-particle view of matter also leads to new phases of ... | How long have scientists focused on an elementary-particle view? | How long have scientists focused on an elementary-particle view? | [
"How long have scientists focused on an elementary-particle view?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114788 | 5a7db77770df9f001a87507d | Matter | Matter should not be confused with mass, as the two are not quite the same in modern physics. For example, mass is a conserved quantity, which means that its value is unchanging through time, within closed systems. However, matter is not conserved in such systems, although this is not obvious in ordinary conditions on ... | What is considered the same as matter? | What is considered the same as matter? | [
"What is considered the same as matter?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114789 | 5a7db77770df9f001a87507e | Matter | Matter should not be confused with mass, as the two are not quite the same in modern physics. For example, mass is a conserved quantity, which means that its value is unchanging through time, within closed systems. However, matter is not conserved in such systems, although this is not obvious in ordinary conditions on ... | What does special relativity show mass can do? | What does special relativity show mass can do? | [
"What does special relativity show mass can do?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114790 | 5a7db77770df9f001a87507f | Matter | Matter should not be confused with mass, as the two are not quite the same in modern physics. For example, mass is a conserved quantity, which means that its value is unchanging through time, within closed systems. However, matter is not conserved in such systems, although this is not obvious in ordinary conditions on ... | What can be created or destroyed? | What can be created or destroyed? | [
"What can be created or destroyed?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114791 | 5a7db77770df9f001a875080 | Matter | Matter should not be confused with mass, as the two are not quite the same in modern physics. For example, mass is a conserved quantity, which means that its value is unchanging through time, within closed systems. However, matter is not conserved in such systems, although this is not obvious in ordinary conditions on ... | What changes during the transformation of matter? | What changes during the transformation of matter? | [
"What changes during the transformation of matter?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114792 | 5a7db77770df9f001a875081 | Matter | Matter should not be confused with mass, as the two are not quite the same in modern physics. For example, mass is a conserved quantity, which means that its value is unchanging through time, within closed systems. However, matter is not conserved in such systems, although this is not obvious in ordinary conditions on ... | What does not change in an open system? | What does not change in an open system? | [
"What does not change in an open system?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114793 | 5a7db7f770df9f001a875087 | Matter | Different fields of science use the term matter in different, and sometimes incompatible, ways. Some of these ways are based on loose historical meanings, from a time when there was no reason to distinguish mass and matter. As such, there is no single universally agreed scientific meaning of the word "matter". Scientif... | What is always used the same way across fields? | What is always used the same way across fields? | [
"What is always used the same way across fields?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114794 | 5a7db7f770df9f001a875088 | Matter | Different fields of science use the term matter in different, and sometimes incompatible, ways. Some of these ways are based on loose historical meanings, from a time when there was no reason to distinguish mass and matter. As such, there is no single universally agreed scientific meaning of the word "matter". Scientif... | What is poorly defined besides matter? | What is poorly defined besides matter? | [
"What is poorly defined besides matter?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114795 | 5a7db7f770df9f001a875089 | Matter | Different fields of science use the term matter in different, and sometimes incompatible, ways. Some of these ways are based on loose historical meanings, from a time when there was no reason to distinguish mass and matter. As such, there is no single universally agreed scientific meaning of the word "matter". Scientif... | What does matter do in chemistry that it does not do in physics? | What does matter do in chemistry that it does not do in physics? | [
"What does matter do in chemistry that it does not do in physics?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114796 | 5a7db7f770df9f001a87508a | Matter | Different fields of science use the term matter in different, and sometimes incompatible, ways. Some of these ways are based on loose historical meanings, from a time when there was no reason to distinguish mass and matter. As such, there is no single universally agreed scientific meaning of the word "matter". Scientif... | What is the combination of mass and matter called in chemistry? | What is the combination of mass and matter called in chemistry? | [
"What is the combination of mass and matter called in chemistry?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114797 | 5a7db7f770df9f001a87508b | Matter | Different fields of science use the term matter in different, and sometimes incompatible, ways. Some of these ways are based on loose historical meanings, from a time when there was no reason to distinguish mass and matter. As such, there is no single universally agreed scientific meaning of the word "matter". Scientif... | What speed does matter travel at in physics? | What speed does matter travel at in physics? | [
"What speed does matter travel at in physics?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114798 | 5a7db89470df9f001a875091 | Matter | In the context of relativity, mass is not an additive quantity, in the sense that one can add the rest masses of particles in a system to get the total rest mass of the system. Thus, in relativity usually a more general view is that it is not the sum of rest masses, but the energy–momentum tensor that quantifies the am... | What type of quantity is mass? | What type of quantity is mass? | [
"What type of quantity is mass?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114799 | 5a7db89470df9f001a875092 | Matter | In the context of relativity, mass is not an additive quantity, in the sense that one can add the rest masses of particles in a system to get the total rest mass of the system. Thus, in relativity usually a more general view is that it is not the sum of rest masses, but the energy–momentum tensor that quantifies the am... | One can add the rest masses of particles in a system to get what? | One can add the rest masses of particles in a system to get what? | [
"One can add the rest masses of particles in a system to get what?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
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