gem_id stringlengths 20 25 | id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringlengths 3 59 | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 1 270 | target stringlengths 1 270 | references list | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gem-squad_v2-train-21000 | 572e867adfa6aa1500f8d0a2 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | The Spanish language is the second most spoken language in the United States. There are 45 million Hispanophones who speak Spanish as a first or second language in the United States, as well as six million Spanish language students. Together, this makes the United States of America the second largest Hispanophone country in the world after Mexico, and with the United States having more Spanish-speakers than Colombia and Spain (but fewer first language speakers). Spanish is the Romance language and the Indo-European language with the largest number of native speakers in the world. Roughly half of all American Spanish-speakers also speak English "very well," based on their self-assessment in the U.S. Census. | What type of language id Spanish? | What type of language id Spanish? | [
"What type of language id Spanish?"
] | {
"text": [
"Spanish is the Romance language and the Indo-European language with the largest number of native speakers in the world."
],
"answer_start": [
467
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21001 | 572e867adfa6aa1500f8d0a3 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | The Spanish language is the second most spoken language in the United States. There are 45 million Hispanophones who speak Spanish as a first or second language in the United States, as well as six million Spanish language students. Together, this makes the United States of America the second largest Hispanophone country in the world after Mexico, and with the United States having more Spanish-speakers than Colombia and Spain (but fewer first language speakers). Spanish is the Romance language and the Indo-European language with the largest number of native speakers in the world. Roughly half of all American Spanish-speakers also speak English "very well," based on their self-assessment in the U.S. Census. | How many Spanish speaking students are there in the United States? | How many Spanish speaking students are there in the United States? | [
"How many Spanish speaking students are there in the United States?"
] | {
"text": [
"six million Spanish language students."
],
"answer_start": [
194
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21002 | 5a75097097ca42001a521dfd | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | The Spanish language is the second most spoken language in the United States. There are 45 million Hispanophones who speak Spanish as a first or second language in the United States, as well as six million Spanish language students. Together, this makes the United States of America the second largest Hispanophone country in the world after Mexico, and with the United States having more Spanish-speakers than Colombia and Spain (but fewer first language speakers). Spanish is the Romance language and the Indo-European language with the largest number of native speakers in the world. Roughly half of all American Spanish-speakers also speak English "very well," based on their self-assessment in the U.S. Census. | 45 million people speak Spanish as a first or second language in what country? | 45 million people speak Spanish as a first or second language in what country? | [
"45 million people speak Spanish as a first or second language in what country? "
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21003 | 5a75097097ca42001a521dfe | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | The Spanish language is the second most spoken language in the United States. There are 45 million Hispanophones who speak Spanish as a first or second language in the United States, as well as six million Spanish language students. Together, this makes the United States of America the second largest Hispanophone country in the world after Mexico, and with the United States having more Spanish-speakers than Colombia and Spain (but fewer first language speakers). Spanish is the Romance language and the Indo-European language with the largest number of native speakers in the world. Roughly half of all American Spanish-speakers also speak English "very well," based on their self-assessment in the U.S. Census. | What country is the second-largest Hispanophone country in the world? | What country is the second-largest Hispanophone country in the world? | [
"What country is the second-largest Hispanophone country in the world? "
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21004 | 5a75097097ca42001a521dff | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | The Spanish language is the second most spoken language in the United States. There are 45 million Hispanophones who speak Spanish as a first or second language in the United States, as well as six million Spanish language students. Together, this makes the United States of America the second largest Hispanophone country in the world after Mexico, and with the United States having more Spanish-speakers than Colombia and Spain (but fewer first language speakers). Spanish is the Romance language and the Indo-European language with the largest number of native speakers in the world. Roughly half of all American Spanish-speakers also speak English "very well," based on their self-assessment in the U.S. Census. | What type of language is Spanish? | What type of language is Spanish? | [
"What type of language is Spanish? "
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21005 | 5a75097097ca42001a521e00 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | The Spanish language is the second most spoken language in the United States. There are 45 million Hispanophones who speak Spanish as a first or second language in the United States, as well as six million Spanish language students. Together, this makes the United States of America the second largest Hispanophone country in the world after Mexico, and with the United States having more Spanish-speakers than Colombia and Spain (but fewer first language speakers). Spanish is the Romance language and the Indo-European language with the largest number of native speakers in the world. Roughly half of all American Spanish-speakers also speak English "very well," based on their self-assessment in the U.S. Census. | Half of all Spanish speakers also speak what very well? | Half of all Spanish speakers also speak what very well? | [
"Half of all Spanish speakers also speak what very well?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21006 | 5a75097097ca42001a521e01 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | The Spanish language is the second most spoken language in the United States. There are 45 million Hispanophones who speak Spanish as a first or second language in the United States, as well as six million Spanish language students. Together, this makes the United States of America the second largest Hispanophone country in the world after Mexico, and with the United States having more Spanish-speakers than Colombia and Spain (but fewer first language speakers). Spanish is the Romance language and the Indo-European language with the largest number of native speakers in the world. Roughly half of all American Spanish-speakers also speak English "very well," based on their self-assessment in the U.S. Census. | Spanish has the largest number of native speakers in which branch of language? | Spanish has the largest number of native speakers in which branch of language? | [
"Spanish has the largest number of native speakers in which branch of language?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21007 | 5a76eaf72d6d7f001a4a9ef5 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | The Spanish language is the second most spoken language in the United States. There are 45 million Hispanophones who speak Spanish as a first or second language in the United States, as well as six million Spanish language students. Together, this makes the United States of America the second largest Hispanophone country in the world after Mexico, and with the United States having more Spanish-speakers than Colombia and Spain (but fewer first language speakers). Spanish is the Romance language and the Indo-European language with the largest number of native speakers in the world. Roughly half of all American Spanish-speakers also speak English "very well," based on their self-assessment in the U.S. Census. | How many Spanish speaking students are there in Spain? | How many Spanish speaking students are there in Spain? | [
"How many Spanish speaking students are there in Spain?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21008 | 5a76eaf72d6d7f001a4a9ef6 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | The Spanish language is the second most spoken language in the United States. There are 45 million Hispanophones who speak Spanish as a first or second language in the United States, as well as six million Spanish language students. Together, this makes the United States of America the second largest Hispanophone country in the world after Mexico, and with the United States having more Spanish-speakers than Colombia and Spain (but fewer first language speakers). Spanish is the Romance language and the Indo-European language with the largest number of native speakers in the world. Roughly half of all American Spanish-speakers also speak English "very well," based on their self-assessment in the U.S. Census. | What is the first American language? | What is the first American language? | [
"What is the first American language?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21009 | 5a76eaf72d6d7f001a4a9ef7 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | The Spanish language is the second most spoken language in the United States. There are 45 million Hispanophones who speak Spanish as a first or second language in the United States, as well as six million Spanish language students. Together, this makes the United States of America the second largest Hispanophone country in the world after Mexico, and with the United States having more Spanish-speakers than Colombia and Spain (but fewer first language speakers). Spanish is the Romance language and the Indo-European language with the largest number of native speakers in the world. Roughly half of all American Spanish-speakers also speak English "very well," based on their self-assessment in the U.S. Census. | What is the second most spoken language in Columbia? | What is the second most spoken language in Columbia? | [
"What is the second most spoken language in Columbia?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21010 | 5a76eaf72d6d7f001a4a9ef8 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | The Spanish language is the second most spoken language in the United States. There are 45 million Hispanophones who speak Spanish as a first or second language in the United States, as well as six million Spanish language students. Together, this makes the United States of America the second largest Hispanophone country in the world after Mexico, and with the United States having more Spanish-speakers than Colombia and Spain (but fewer first language speakers). Spanish is the Romance language and the Indo-European language with the largest number of native speakers in the world. Roughly half of all American Spanish-speakers also speak English "very well," based on their self-assessment in the U.S. Census. | What country has more first language Spanish-speakers than Mexico? | What country has more first language Spanish-speakers than Mexico? | [
"What country has more first language Spanish-speakers than Mexico?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21011 | 5a76eaf72d6d7f001a4a9ef9 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | The Spanish language is the second most spoken language in the United States. There are 45 million Hispanophones who speak Spanish as a first or second language in the United States, as well as six million Spanish language students. Together, this makes the United States of America the second largest Hispanophone country in the world after Mexico, and with the United States having more Spanish-speakers than Colombia and Spain (but fewer first language speakers). Spanish is the Romance language and the Indo-European language with the largest number of native speakers in the world. Roughly half of all American Spanish-speakers also speak English "very well," based on their self-assessment in the U.S. Census. | How many Hispanophones speak Spanish in Mexico? | How many Hispanophones speak Spanish in Mexico? | [
"How many Hispanophones speak Spanish in Mexico?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21012 | 572e8a7bc246551400ce430c | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | The Spanish language has been present in what is now the United States since the 16th and 17th centuries, with the arrival of Spanish colonization in North America that would later become the states of Florida, Texas, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, and California. The Spanish explorers explored areas of 42 future U.S. states leaving behind a varying range of Hispanic legacy in the North American continent. Additionally, western regions of the Louisiana Territory were under Spanish rule between 1763 to 1800, after the French and Indian War, further extending the Spanish influence throughout modern-day United States of America. | How old is the Spanish language in the United States? | How old is the Spanish language in the United States? | [
"How old is the Spanish language in the United States?"
] | {
"text": [
"The Spanish language has been present in what is now the United States since the 16th and 17th centuries"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21013 | 572e8a7bc246551400ce430d | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | The Spanish language has been present in what is now the United States since the 16th and 17th centuries, with the arrival of Spanish colonization in North America that would later become the states of Florida, Texas, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, and California. The Spanish explorers explored areas of 42 future U.S. states leaving behind a varying range of Hispanic legacy in the North American continent. Additionally, western regions of the Louisiana Territory were under Spanish rule between 1763 to 1800, after the French and Indian War, further extending the Spanish influence throughout modern-day United States of America. | Did the Spanish conquer land in the United States? | Did the Spanish conquer land in the United States? | [
"Did the Spanish conquer land in the United States?"
] | {
"text": [
"Spanish colonization in North America that would later become the states of Florida, Texas, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, and California."
],
"answer_start": [
126
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21014 | 572e8a7bc246551400ce430e | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | The Spanish language has been present in what is now the United States since the 16th and 17th centuries, with the arrival of Spanish colonization in North America that would later become the states of Florida, Texas, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, and California. The Spanish explorers explored areas of 42 future U.S. states leaving behind a varying range of Hispanic legacy in the North American continent. Additionally, western regions of the Louisiana Territory were under Spanish rule between 1763 to 1800, after the French and Indian War, further extending the Spanish influence throughout modern-day United States of America. | Where in the United States did the Spanish explore? | Where in the United States did the Spanish explore? | [
"Where in the United States did the Spanish explore?"
] | {
"text": [
"The Spanish explorers explored areas of 42 future U.S. states"
],
"answer_start": [
279
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21015 | 572e8a7bc246551400ce430f | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | The Spanish language has been present in what is now the United States since the 16th and 17th centuries, with the arrival of Spanish colonization in North America that would later become the states of Florida, Texas, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, and California. The Spanish explorers explored areas of 42 future U.S. states leaving behind a varying range of Hispanic legacy in the North American continent. Additionally, western regions of the Louisiana Territory were under Spanish rule between 1763 to 1800, after the French and Indian War, further extending the Spanish influence throughout modern-day United States of America. | Were there states ruled by the Spanish? | Were there states ruled by the Spanish? | [
"Were there states ruled by the Spanish?"
] | {
"text": [
"western regions of the Louisiana Territory were under Spanish rule between 1763 to 1800,"
],
"answer_start": [
438
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21016 | 572e8a7bc246551400ce4310 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | The Spanish language has been present in what is now the United States since the 16th and 17th centuries, with the arrival of Spanish colonization in North America that would later become the states of Florida, Texas, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, and California. The Spanish explorers explored areas of 42 future U.S. states leaving behind a varying range of Hispanic legacy in the North American continent. Additionally, western regions of the Louisiana Territory were under Spanish rule between 1763 to 1800, after the French and Indian War, further extending the Spanish influence throughout modern-day United States of America. | Do the Spanish have a legacy in America from their forefathers? | Do the Spanish have a legacy in America from their forefathers? | [
"Do the Spanish have a legacy in America from their forefathers?"
] | {
"text": [
"after the French and Indian War, further extending the Spanish influence throughout modern-day United States of America."
],
"answer_start": [
527
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21017 | 5a750c9097ca42001a521e11 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | The Spanish language has been present in what is now the United States since the 16th and 17th centuries, with the arrival of Spanish colonization in North America that would later become the states of Florida, Texas, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, and California. The Spanish explorers explored areas of 42 future U.S. states leaving behind a varying range of Hispanic legacy in the North American continent. Additionally, western regions of the Louisiana Territory were under Spanish rule between 1763 to 1800, after the French and Indian War, further extending the Spanish influence throughout modern-day United States of America. | When did the Spanish language start showing up in America? | When did the Spanish language start showing up in America? | [
"When did the Spanish language start showing up in America?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21018 | 5a750c9097ca42001a521e12 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | The Spanish language has been present in what is now the United States since the 16th and 17th centuries, with the arrival of Spanish colonization in North America that would later become the states of Florida, Texas, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, and California. The Spanish explorers explored areas of 42 future U.S. states leaving behind a varying range of Hispanic legacy in the North American continent. Additionally, western regions of the Louisiana Territory were under Spanish rule between 1763 to 1800, after the French and Indian War, further extending the Spanish influence throughout modern-day United States of America. | Florida, Texas, and Colorado were part of which colonization? | Florida, Texas, and Colorado were part of which colonization? | [
"Florida, Texas, and Colorado were part of which colonization?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21019 | 5a750c9097ca42001a521e13 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | The Spanish language has been present in what is now the United States since the 16th and 17th centuries, with the arrival of Spanish colonization in North America that would later become the states of Florida, Texas, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, and California. The Spanish explorers explored areas of 42 future U.S. states leaving behind a varying range of Hispanic legacy in the North American continent. Additionally, western regions of the Louisiana Territory were under Spanish rule between 1763 to 1800, after the French and Indian War, further extending the Spanish influence throughout modern-day United States of America. | Besides Florida, Texas, and Colorado, which other states were included in the colonization? | Besides Florida, Texas, and Colorado, which other states were included in the colonization? | [
"Besides Florida, Texas, and Colorado, which other states were included in the colonization?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21020 | 5a750c9097ca42001a521e14 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | The Spanish language has been present in what is now the United States since the 16th and 17th centuries, with the arrival of Spanish colonization in North America that would later become the states of Florida, Texas, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, and California. The Spanish explorers explored areas of 42 future U.S. states leaving behind a varying range of Hispanic legacy in the North American continent. Additionally, western regions of the Louisiana Territory were under Spanish rule between 1763 to 1800, after the French and Indian War, further extending the Spanish influence throughout modern-day United States of America. | How many US states did the Spanish explorers explore? | How many US states did the Spanish explorers explore? | [
"How many US states did the Spanish explorers explore?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21021 | 5a750c9097ca42001a521e15 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | The Spanish language has been present in what is now the United States since the 16th and 17th centuries, with the arrival of Spanish colonization in North America that would later become the states of Florida, Texas, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, and California. The Spanish explorers explored areas of 42 future U.S. states leaving behind a varying range of Hispanic legacy in the North American continent. Additionally, western regions of the Louisiana Territory were under Spanish rule between 1763 to 1800, after the French and Indian War, further extending the Spanish influence throughout modern-day United States of America. | Which years was the Louisiana Territory under Spanish rule? | Which years was the Louisiana Territory under Spanish rule? | [
"Which years was the Louisiana Territory under Spanish rule?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21022 | 5a774f0e2d6d7f001a4a9fc5 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | The Spanish language has been present in what is now the United States since the 16th and 17th centuries, with the arrival of Spanish colonization in North America that would later become the states of Florida, Texas, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, and California. The Spanish explorers explored areas of 42 future U.S. states leaving behind a varying range of Hispanic legacy in the North American continent. Additionally, western regions of the Louisiana Territory were under Spanish rule between 1763 to 1800, after the French and Indian War, further extending the Spanish influence throughout modern-day United States of America. | Since when was the Spanish language been present in Mexico? | Since when was the Spanish language been present in Mexico? | [
"Since when was the Spanish language been present in Mexico?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21023 | 5a774f0e2d6d7f001a4a9fc6 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | The Spanish language has been present in what is now the United States since the 16th and 17th centuries, with the arrival of Spanish colonization in North America that would later become the states of Florida, Texas, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, and California. The Spanish explorers explored areas of 42 future U.S. states leaving behind a varying range of Hispanic legacy in the North American continent. Additionally, western regions of the Louisiana Territory were under Spanish rule between 1763 to 1800, after the French and Indian War, further extending the Spanish influence throughout modern-day United States of America. | When were eastern regions of the Louisiana Territory under Spanish rule? | When were eastern regions of the Louisiana Territory under Spanish rule? | [
"When were eastern regions of the Louisiana Territory under Spanish rule?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21024 | 5a774f0e2d6d7f001a4a9fc7 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | The Spanish language has been present in what is now the United States since the 16th and 17th centuries, with the arrival of Spanish colonization in North America that would later become the states of Florida, Texas, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, and California. The Spanish explorers explored areas of 42 future U.S. states leaving behind a varying range of Hispanic legacy in the North American continent. Additionally, western regions of the Louisiana Territory were under Spanish rule between 1763 to 1800, after the French and Indian War, further extending the Spanish influence throughout modern-day United States of America. | How many future U.S. states did French explorers explore? | How many future U.S. states did French explorers explore? | [
"How many future U.S. states did French explorers explore?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21025 | 5a774f0e2d6d7f001a4a9fc8 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | The Spanish language has been present in what is now the United States since the 16th and 17th centuries, with the arrival of Spanish colonization in North America that would later become the states of Florida, Texas, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, and California. The Spanish explorers explored areas of 42 future U.S. states leaving behind a varying range of Hispanic legacy in the North American continent. Additionally, western regions of the Louisiana Territory were under Spanish rule between 1763 to 1800, after the French and Indian War, further extending the Spanish influence throughout modern-day United States of America. | What states were colonized by the French? | What states were colonized by the French? | [
"What states were colonized by the French?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21026 | 5a774f0e2d6d7f001a4a9fc9 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | The Spanish language has been present in what is now the United States since the 16th and 17th centuries, with the arrival of Spanish colonization in North America that would later become the states of Florida, Texas, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, and California. The Spanish explorers explored areas of 42 future U.S. states leaving behind a varying range of Hispanic legacy in the North American continent. Additionally, western regions of the Louisiana Territory were under Spanish rule between 1763 to 1800, after the French and Indian War, further extending the Spanish influence throughout modern-day United States of America. | What conflict caused eastern regions of the Louisiana to be under Spanish rule? | What conflict caused eastern regions of the Louisiana to be under Spanish rule? | [
"What conflict caused eastern regions of the Louisiana to be under Spanish rule?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21027 | 572e9c77c246551400ce43dc | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | Spanish was the language spoken by the first permanent European settlers in North America. Spanish arrived in the territory of the modern United States with Ponce de León in 1513. In 1565, the Spaniards, by way of Juan Ponce de León, founded St. Augustine, Florida, and as of the early 1800s, it became the oldest continuously occupied European settlement in the continental United States. The oldest city in all of the U.S. territory, as of 1898, is San Juan, capital of Puerto Rico, where Juan Ponce De León was its first governor | When did the Spanish arrive to America? | When did the Spanish arrive to America? | [
"When did the Spanish arrive to America?"
] | {
"text": [
"Spanish arrived in the territory of the modern United States with Ponce de León in 1513."
],
"answer_start": [
91
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21028 | 572e9c77c246551400ce43dd | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | Spanish was the language spoken by the first permanent European settlers in North America. Spanish arrived in the territory of the modern United States with Ponce de León in 1513. In 1565, the Spaniards, by way of Juan Ponce de León, founded St. Augustine, Florida, and as of the early 1800s, it became the oldest continuously occupied European settlement in the continental United States. The oldest city in all of the U.S. territory, as of 1898, is San Juan, capital of Puerto Rico, where Juan Ponce De León was its first governor | Did Europeans speak Spanish in America? | Did Europeans speak Spanish in America? | [
"Did Europeans speak Spanish in America?"
] | {
"text": [
"Spanish was the language spoken by the first permanent European settlers in North America."
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21029 | 572e9c77c246551400ce43de | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | Spanish was the language spoken by the first permanent European settlers in North America. Spanish arrived in the territory of the modern United States with Ponce de León in 1513. In 1565, the Spaniards, by way of Juan Ponce de León, founded St. Augustine, Florida, and as of the early 1800s, it became the oldest continuously occupied European settlement in the continental United States. The oldest city in all of the U.S. territory, as of 1898, is San Juan, capital of Puerto Rico, where Juan Ponce De León was its first governor | Where is the oldest settlement in America? | Where is the oldest settlement in America? | [
"Where is the oldest settlement in America?"
] | {
"text": [
"St. Augustine, Florida"
],
"answer_start": [
242
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21030 | 572e9c77c246551400ce43df | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | Spanish was the language spoken by the first permanent European settlers in North America. Spanish arrived in the territory of the modern United States with Ponce de León in 1513. In 1565, the Spaniards, by way of Juan Ponce de León, founded St. Augustine, Florida, and as of the early 1800s, it became the oldest continuously occupied European settlement in the continental United States. The oldest city in all of the U.S. territory, as of 1898, is San Juan, capital of Puerto Rico, where Juan Ponce De León was its first governor | What is the oldest city of the United States territory? | What is the oldest city of the United States territory? | [
"What is the oldest city of the United States territory?"
] | {
"text": [
"The oldest city in all of the U.S. territory, as of 1898, is San Juan, capital of Puerto Rico"
],
"answer_start": [
390
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21031 | 572e9c77c246551400ce43e0 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | Spanish was the language spoken by the first permanent European settlers in North America. Spanish arrived in the territory of the modern United States with Ponce de León in 1513. In 1565, the Spaniards, by way of Juan Ponce de León, founded St. Augustine, Florida, and as of the early 1800s, it became the oldest continuously occupied European settlement in the continental United States. The oldest city in all of the U.S. territory, as of 1898, is San Juan, capital of Puerto Rico, where Juan Ponce De León was its first governor | How was St. Augustine founded? | How was St. Augustine founded? | [
"How was St. Augustine founded?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Spaniards, by way of Juan Ponce de León, founded St. Augustine, Florida"
],
"answer_start": [
189
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21032 | 5a750d7797ca42001a521e25 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | Spanish was the language spoken by the first permanent European settlers in North America. Spanish arrived in the territory of the modern United States with Ponce de León in 1513. In 1565, the Spaniards, by way of Juan Ponce de León, founded St. Augustine, Florida, and as of the early 1800s, it became the oldest continuously occupied European settlement in the continental United States. The oldest city in all of the U.S. territory, as of 1898, is San Juan, capital of Puerto Rico, where Juan Ponce De León was its first governor | What was the first language spoken by the permanent European settlers? | What was the first language spoken by the permanent European settlers? | [
"What was the first language spoken by the permanent European settlers?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21033 | 5a750d7797ca42001a521e26 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | Spanish was the language spoken by the first permanent European settlers in North America. Spanish arrived in the territory of the modern United States with Ponce de León in 1513. In 1565, the Spaniards, by way of Juan Ponce de León, founded St. Augustine, Florida, and as of the early 1800s, it became the oldest continuously occupied European settlement in the continental United States. The oldest city in all of the U.S. territory, as of 1898, is San Juan, capital of Puerto Rico, where Juan Ponce De León was its first governor | Which Spanish settler arrived in the US first? | Which Spanish settler arrived in the US first? | [
"Which Spanish settler arrived in the US first?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21034 | 5a750d7797ca42001a521e27 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | Spanish was the language spoken by the first permanent European settlers in North America. Spanish arrived in the territory of the modern United States with Ponce de León in 1513. In 1565, the Spaniards, by way of Juan Ponce de León, founded St. Augustine, Florida, and as of the early 1800s, it became the oldest continuously occupied European settlement in the continental United States. The oldest city in all of the U.S. territory, as of 1898, is San Juan, capital of Puerto Rico, where Juan Ponce De León was its first governor | What year did Ponce de Leon settle in the US? | What year did Ponce de Leon settle in the US? | [
"What year did Ponce de Leon settle in the US?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21035 | 5a750d7797ca42001a521e28 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | Spanish was the language spoken by the first permanent European settlers in North America. Spanish arrived in the territory of the modern United States with Ponce de León in 1513. In 1565, the Spaniards, by way of Juan Ponce de León, founded St. Augustine, Florida, and as of the early 1800s, it became the oldest continuously occupied European settlement in the continental United States. The oldest city in all of the U.S. territory, as of 1898, is San Juan, capital of Puerto Rico, where Juan Ponce De León was its first governor | Which city did Juan Ponce de Leon found? | Which city did Juan Ponce de Leon found? | [
"Which city did Juan Ponce de Leon found? "
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21036 | 5a750d7797ca42001a521e29 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | Spanish was the language spoken by the first permanent European settlers in North America. Spanish arrived in the territory of the modern United States with Ponce de León in 1513. In 1565, the Spaniards, by way of Juan Ponce de León, founded St. Augustine, Florida, and as of the early 1800s, it became the oldest continuously occupied European settlement in the continental United States. The oldest city in all of the U.S. territory, as of 1898, is San Juan, capital of Puerto Rico, where Juan Ponce De León was its first governor | What's the capital of Puerto Rico? | What's the capital of Puerto Rico? | [
"What's the capital of Puerto Rico?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21037 | 5a76f8e42d6d7f001a4a9eff | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | Spanish was the language spoken by the first permanent European settlers in North America. Spanish arrived in the territory of the modern United States with Ponce de León in 1513. In 1565, the Spaniards, by way of Juan Ponce de León, founded St. Augustine, Florida, and as of the early 1800s, it became the oldest continuously occupied European settlement in the continental United States. The oldest city in all of the U.S. territory, as of 1898, is San Juan, capital of Puerto Rico, where Juan Ponce De León was its first governor | When did the Spanish arrive to Puerto Rico? | When did the Spanish arrive to Puerto Rico? | [
"When did the Spanish arrive to Puerto Rico?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21038 | 5a76f8e42d6d7f001a4a9f00 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | Spanish was the language spoken by the first permanent European settlers in North America. Spanish arrived in the territory of the modern United States with Ponce de León in 1513. In 1565, the Spaniards, by way of Juan Ponce de León, founded St. Augustine, Florida, and as of the early 1800s, it became the oldest continuously occupied European settlement in the continental United States. The oldest city in all of the U.S. territory, as of 1898, is San Juan, capital of Puerto Rico, where Juan Ponce De León was its first governor | Where is the oldest settlement in Puerto Rico? | Where is the oldest settlement in Puerto Rico? | [
"Where is the oldest settlement in Puerto Rico?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21039 | 5a76f8e42d6d7f001a4a9f01 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | Spanish was the language spoken by the first permanent European settlers in North America. Spanish arrived in the territory of the modern United States with Ponce de León in 1513. In 1565, the Spaniards, by way of Juan Ponce de León, founded St. Augustine, Florida, and as of the early 1800s, it became the oldest continuously occupied European settlement in the continental United States. The oldest city in all of the U.S. territory, as of 1898, is San Juan, capital of Puerto Rico, where Juan Ponce De León was its first governor | What is the oldest city of Florida? | What is the oldest city of Florida? | [
"What is the oldest city of Florida?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21040 | 5a76f8e42d6d7f001a4a9f02 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | Spanish was the language spoken by the first permanent European settlers in North America. Spanish arrived in the territory of the modern United States with Ponce de León in 1513. In 1565, the Spaniards, by way of Juan Ponce de León, founded St. Augustine, Florida, and as of the early 1800s, it became the oldest continuously occupied European settlement in the continental United States. The oldest city in all of the U.S. territory, as of 1898, is San Juan, capital of Puerto Rico, where Juan Ponce De León was its first governor | Where was Juan Ponce De Leion the first president? | Where was Juan Ponce De Leion the first president? | [
"Where was Juan Ponce De Leion the first president?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21041 | 5a76f8e42d6d7f001a4a9f03 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | Spanish was the language spoken by the first permanent European settlers in North America. Spanish arrived in the territory of the modern United States with Ponce de León in 1513. In 1565, the Spaniards, by way of Juan Ponce de León, founded St. Augustine, Florida, and as of the early 1800s, it became the oldest continuously occupied European settlement in the continental United States. The oldest city in all of the U.S. territory, as of 1898, is San Juan, capital of Puerto Rico, where Juan Ponce De León was its first governor | When did the Spaniards found Puerto Rico? | When did the Spaniards found Puerto Rico? | [
"When did the Spaniards found Puerto Rico?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21042 | 572e9c8bdfa6aa1500f8d1f9 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | In 1821, after Mexico's War of Independence from Spain, Texas was part of the United Mexican States as the state of Coahuila y Tejas. A large influx of Americans soon followed, originally with the approval of Mexico's president. In 1836, the now largely "American" Texans, fought a war of independence from the central government of Mexico and established the Republic of Texas. In 1846, the Republic dissolved when Texas entered the United States of America as a state. Per the 1850 U.S. census, fewer than 16,000 Texans were of Mexican descent, and nearly all were Spanish-speaking people (both Mexicans and non-Spanish European settlers who include German Texan) who were outnumbered (six-to-one) by English-speaking settlers (both Americans and other immigrant Europeans).[citation needed] | Was Texas a part of Mexico? | Was Texas a part of Mexico? | [
"Was Texas a part of Mexico?"
] | {
"text": [
"In 1821, after Mexico's War of Independence from Spain, Texas was part of the United Mexican States as the state of Coahuila y Tejas"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21043 | 572e9c8bdfa6aa1500f8d1fa | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | In 1821, after Mexico's War of Independence from Spain, Texas was part of the United Mexican States as the state of Coahuila y Tejas. A large influx of Americans soon followed, originally with the approval of Mexico's president. In 1836, the now largely "American" Texans, fought a war of independence from the central government of Mexico and established the Republic of Texas. In 1846, the Republic dissolved when Texas entered the United States of America as a state. Per the 1850 U.S. census, fewer than 16,000 Texans were of Mexican descent, and nearly all were Spanish-speaking people (both Mexicans and non-Spanish European settlers who include German Texan) who were outnumbered (six-to-one) by English-speaking settlers (both Americans and other immigrant Europeans).[citation needed] | When did the Americans come to Texas? | When did the Americans come to Texas? | [
"When did the Americans come to Texas?"
] | {
"text": [
"A large influx of Americans soon followed, originally with the approval of Mexico's president. In 1836"
],
"answer_start": [
134
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21044 | 572e9c8bdfa6aa1500f8d1fb | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | In 1821, after Mexico's War of Independence from Spain, Texas was part of the United Mexican States as the state of Coahuila y Tejas. A large influx of Americans soon followed, originally with the approval of Mexico's president. In 1836, the now largely "American" Texans, fought a war of independence from the central government of Mexico and established the Republic of Texas. In 1846, the Republic dissolved when Texas entered the United States of America as a state. Per the 1850 U.S. census, fewer than 16,000 Texans were of Mexican descent, and nearly all were Spanish-speaking people (both Mexicans and non-Spanish European settlers who include German Texan) who were outnumbered (six-to-one) by English-speaking settlers (both Americans and other immigrant Europeans).[citation needed] | Was there a war between the Mexicans and the Texans? | Was there a war between the Mexicans and the Texans? | [
"Was there a war between the Mexicans and the Texans?"
] | {
"text": [
"Texans, fought a war of independence from the central government of Mexico"
],
"answer_start": [
265
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21045 | 572e9c8bdfa6aa1500f8d1fc | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | In 1821, after Mexico's War of Independence from Spain, Texas was part of the United Mexican States as the state of Coahuila y Tejas. A large influx of Americans soon followed, originally with the approval of Mexico's president. In 1836, the now largely "American" Texans, fought a war of independence from the central government of Mexico and established the Republic of Texas. In 1846, the Republic dissolved when Texas entered the United States of America as a state. Per the 1850 U.S. census, fewer than 16,000 Texans were of Mexican descent, and nearly all were Spanish-speaking people (both Mexicans and non-Spanish European settlers who include German Texan) who were outnumbered (six-to-one) by English-speaking settlers (both Americans and other immigrant Europeans).[citation needed] | When did Texas become a state? | When did Texas become a state? | [
"When did Texas become a state?"
] | {
"text": [
"In 1846, the Republic dissolved when Texas entered the United States of America as a state."
],
"answer_start": [
379
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21046 | 572e9c8bdfa6aa1500f8d1fd | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | In 1821, after Mexico's War of Independence from Spain, Texas was part of the United Mexican States as the state of Coahuila y Tejas. A large influx of Americans soon followed, originally with the approval of Mexico's president. In 1836, the now largely "American" Texans, fought a war of independence from the central government of Mexico and established the Republic of Texas. In 1846, the Republic dissolved when Texas entered the United States of America as a state. Per the 1850 U.S. census, fewer than 16,000 Texans were of Mexican descent, and nearly all were Spanish-speaking people (both Mexicans and non-Spanish European settlers who include German Texan) who were outnumbered (six-to-one) by English-speaking settlers (both Americans and other immigrant Europeans).[citation needed] | Was Texas a primarily a Spanish speaking state? | Was Texas a primarily a Spanish speaking state? | [
"Was Texas a primarily a Spanish speaking state?"
] | {
"text": [
"Per the 1850 U.S. census, fewer than 16,000 Texans were of Mexican descent, and nearly all were Spanish-speaking people"
],
"answer_start": [
471
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21047 | 5a750f8797ca42001a521e43 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | In 1821, after Mexico's War of Independence from Spain, Texas was part of the United Mexican States as the state of Coahuila y Tejas. A large influx of Americans soon followed, originally with the approval of Mexico's president. In 1836, the now largely "American" Texans, fought a war of independence from the central government of Mexico and established the Republic of Texas. In 1846, the Republic dissolved when Texas entered the United States of America as a state. Per the 1850 U.S. census, fewer than 16,000 Texans were of Mexican descent, and nearly all were Spanish-speaking people (both Mexicans and non-Spanish European settlers who include German Texan) who were outnumbered (six-to-one) by English-speaking settlers (both Americans and other immigrant Europeans).[citation needed] | What was the name for the area Coahuila y Tejas was part of? | What was the name for the area Coahuila y Tejas was part of? | [
"What was the name for the area Coahuila y Tejas was part of?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21048 | 5a750f8797ca42001a521e44 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | In 1821, after Mexico's War of Independence from Spain, Texas was part of the United Mexican States as the state of Coahuila y Tejas. A large influx of Americans soon followed, originally with the approval of Mexico's president. In 1836, the now largely "American" Texans, fought a war of independence from the central government of Mexico and established the Republic of Texas. In 1846, the Republic dissolved when Texas entered the United States of America as a state. Per the 1850 U.S. census, fewer than 16,000 Texans were of Mexican descent, and nearly all were Spanish-speaking people (both Mexicans and non-Spanish European settlers who include German Texan) who were outnumbered (six-to-one) by English-speaking settlers (both Americans and other immigrant Europeans).[citation needed] | How many Texans were of Mexican descent in 1850? | How many Texans were of Mexican descent in 1850? | [
"How many Texans were of Mexican descent in 1850?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21049 | 5a750f8797ca42001a521e45 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | In 1821, after Mexico's War of Independence from Spain, Texas was part of the United Mexican States as the state of Coahuila y Tejas. A large influx of Americans soon followed, originally with the approval of Mexico's president. In 1836, the now largely "American" Texans, fought a war of independence from the central government of Mexico and established the Republic of Texas. In 1846, the Republic dissolved when Texas entered the United States of America as a state. Per the 1850 U.S. census, fewer than 16,000 Texans were of Mexican descent, and nearly all were Spanish-speaking people (both Mexicans and non-Spanish European settlers who include German Texan) who were outnumbered (six-to-one) by English-speaking settlers (both Americans and other immigrant Europeans).[citation needed] | How many Mexicans in Texas were Spanish speaking? | How many Mexicans in Texas were Spanish speaking? | [
"How many Mexicans in Texas were Spanish speaking?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21050 | 5a750f8797ca42001a521e46 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | In 1821, after Mexico's War of Independence from Spain, Texas was part of the United Mexican States as the state of Coahuila y Tejas. A large influx of Americans soon followed, originally with the approval of Mexico's president. In 1836, the now largely "American" Texans, fought a war of independence from the central government of Mexico and established the Republic of Texas. In 1846, the Republic dissolved when Texas entered the United States of America as a state. Per the 1850 U.S. census, fewer than 16,000 Texans were of Mexican descent, and nearly all were Spanish-speaking people (both Mexicans and non-Spanish European settlers who include German Texan) who were outnumbered (six-to-one) by English-speaking settlers (both Americans and other immigrant Europeans).[citation needed] | What's the other nationality with a heavy presence in Texas? | What's the other nationality with a heavy presence in Texas? | [
"What's the other nationality with a heavy presence in Texas?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21051 | 5a750f8797ca42001a521e47 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | In 1821, after Mexico's War of Independence from Spain, Texas was part of the United Mexican States as the state of Coahuila y Tejas. A large influx of Americans soon followed, originally with the approval of Mexico's president. In 1836, the now largely "American" Texans, fought a war of independence from the central government of Mexico and established the Republic of Texas. In 1846, the Republic dissolved when Texas entered the United States of America as a state. Per the 1850 U.S. census, fewer than 16,000 Texans were of Mexican descent, and nearly all were Spanish-speaking people (both Mexicans and non-Spanish European settlers who include German Texan) who were outnumbered (six-to-one) by English-speaking settlers (both Americans and other immigrant Europeans).[citation needed] | When did the republic dissolve and Texas entered the US? | When did the republic dissolve and Texas entered the US? | [
"When did the republic dissolve and Texas entered the US?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21052 | 5a76ff462d6d7f001a4a9f09 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | In 1821, after Mexico's War of Independence from Spain, Texas was part of the United Mexican States as the state of Coahuila y Tejas. A large influx of Americans soon followed, originally with the approval of Mexico's president. In 1836, the now largely "American" Texans, fought a war of independence from the central government of Mexico and established the Republic of Texas. In 1846, the Republic dissolved when Texas entered the United States of America as a state. Per the 1850 U.S. census, fewer than 16,000 Texans were of Mexican descent, and nearly all were Spanish-speaking people (both Mexicans and non-Spanish European settlers who include German Texan) who were outnumbered (six-to-one) by English-speaking settlers (both Americans and other immigrant Europeans).[citation needed] | When did the Americans some to Spain? | When did the Americans some to Spain? | [
"When did the Americans some to Spain?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21053 | 5a76ff462d6d7f001a4a9f0a | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | In 1821, after Mexico's War of Independence from Spain, Texas was part of the United Mexican States as the state of Coahuila y Tejas. A large influx of Americans soon followed, originally with the approval of Mexico's president. In 1836, the now largely "American" Texans, fought a war of independence from the central government of Mexico and established the Republic of Texas. In 1846, the Republic dissolved when Texas entered the United States of America as a state. Per the 1850 U.S. census, fewer than 16,000 Texans were of Mexican descent, and nearly all were Spanish-speaking people (both Mexicans and non-Spanish European settlers who include German Texan) who were outnumbered (six-to-one) by English-speaking settlers (both Americans and other immigrant Europeans).[citation needed] | When did Spain become a state? | When did Spain become a state? | [
"When did Spain become a state?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21054 | 5a76ff462d6d7f001a4a9f0b | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | In 1821, after Mexico's War of Independence from Spain, Texas was part of the United Mexican States as the state of Coahuila y Tejas. A large influx of Americans soon followed, originally with the approval of Mexico's president. In 1836, the now largely "American" Texans, fought a war of independence from the central government of Mexico and established the Republic of Texas. In 1846, the Republic dissolved when Texas entered the United States of America as a state. Per the 1850 U.S. census, fewer than 16,000 Texans were of Mexican descent, and nearly all were Spanish-speaking people (both Mexicans and non-Spanish European settlers who include German Texan) who were outnumbered (six-to-one) by English-speaking settlers (both Americans and other immigrant Europeans).[citation needed] | How many Texans were of English descent? | How many Texans were of English descent? | [
"How many Texans were of English descent?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21055 | 5a76ff462d6d7f001a4a9f0c | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | In 1821, after Mexico's War of Independence from Spain, Texas was part of the United Mexican States as the state of Coahuila y Tejas. A large influx of Americans soon followed, originally with the approval of Mexico's president. In 1836, the now largely "American" Texans, fought a war of independence from the central government of Mexico and established the Republic of Texas. In 1846, the Republic dissolved when Texas entered the United States of America as a state. Per the 1850 U.S. census, fewer than 16,000 Texans were of Mexican descent, and nearly all were Spanish-speaking people (both Mexicans and non-Spanish European settlers who include German Texan) who were outnumbered (six-to-one) by English-speaking settlers (both Americans and other immigrant Europeans).[citation needed] | Who did Spain fight to get independence? | Who did Spain fight to get independence? | [
"Who did Spain fight to get independence?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21056 | 5a76ff462d6d7f001a4a9f0d | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | In 1821, after Mexico's War of Independence from Spain, Texas was part of the United Mexican States as the state of Coahuila y Tejas. A large influx of Americans soon followed, originally with the approval of Mexico's president. In 1836, the now largely "American" Texans, fought a war of independence from the central government of Mexico and established the Republic of Texas. In 1846, the Republic dissolved when Texas entered the United States of America as a state. Per the 1850 U.S. census, fewer than 16,000 Texans were of Mexican descent, and nearly all were Spanish-speaking people (both Mexicans and non-Spanish European settlers who include German Texan) who were outnumbered (six-to-one) by English-speaking settlers (both Americans and other immigrant Europeans).[citation needed] | What census found fewer than 16,000 Texans of English descent? | What census found fewer than 16,000 Texans of English descent? | [
"What census found fewer than 16,000 Texans of English descent?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21057 | 572e9c96cb0c0d14000f135c | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | After the Mexican War of Independence from Spain also, California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, western Colorado and southwestern Wyoming became part of the Mexican territory of Alta California and most of New Mexico, western Texas, southern Colorado, southwestern Kansas, and Oklahoma panhandle were part of the territory of Santa Fe de Nuevo México. The geographical isolation and unique political history of this territory led to New Mexican Spanish differing notably from both Spanish spoken in other parts of the United States of America and Spanish spoken in the present-day United Mexican States. | When did other states become part of Mexico? | When did other states become part of Mexico? | [
"When did other states become part of Mexico?"
] | {
"text": [
"After the Mexican War of Independence from Spain"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21058 | 572e9c96cb0c0d14000f135d | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | After the Mexican War of Independence from Spain also, California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, western Colorado and southwestern Wyoming became part of the Mexican territory of Alta California and most of New Mexico, western Texas, southern Colorado, southwestern Kansas, and Oklahoma panhandle were part of the territory of Santa Fe de Nuevo México. The geographical isolation and unique political history of this territory led to New Mexican Spanish differing notably from both Spanish spoken in other parts of the United States of America and Spanish spoken in the present-day United Mexican States. | What states made up of Alta California | What states made up of Alta California | [
"What states made up of Alta California"
] | {
"text": [
"California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, western Colorado and southwestern Wyoming became part of the Mexican territory of Alta California"
],
"answer_start": [
55
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21059 | 572e9c96cb0c0d14000f135e | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | After the Mexican War of Independence from Spain also, California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, western Colorado and southwestern Wyoming became part of the Mexican territory of Alta California and most of New Mexico, western Texas, southern Colorado, southwestern Kansas, and Oklahoma panhandle were part of the territory of Santa Fe de Nuevo México. The geographical isolation and unique political history of this territory led to New Mexican Spanish differing notably from both Spanish spoken in other parts of the United States of America and Spanish spoken in the present-day United Mexican States. | What states were part of Santa Fe de Nuevo | What states were part of Santa Fe de Nuevo | [
"What states were part of Santa Fe de Nuevo"
] | {
"text": [
"most of New Mexico, western Texas, southern Colorado, southwestern Kansas, and Oklahoma panhandle were part of the territory of Santa Fe de Nuevo México"
],
"answer_start": [
192
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21060 | 572e9c96cb0c0d14000f135f | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | After the Mexican War of Independence from Spain also, California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, western Colorado and southwestern Wyoming became part of the Mexican territory of Alta California and most of New Mexico, western Texas, southern Colorado, southwestern Kansas, and Oklahoma panhandle were part of the territory of Santa Fe de Nuevo México. The geographical isolation and unique political history of this territory led to New Mexican Spanish differing notably from both Spanish spoken in other parts of the United States of America and Spanish spoken in the present-day United Mexican States. | Why is there still Bilingual spoken in these states? | Why is there still Bilingual spoken in these states? | [
"Why is there still Bilingual spoken in these states?"
] | {
"text": [
"The geographical isolation and unique political history of this territory"
],
"answer_start": [
346
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21061 | 5a7704962d6d7f001a4a9f13 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | After the Mexican War of Independence from Spain also, California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, western Colorado and southwestern Wyoming became part of the Mexican territory of Alta California and most of New Mexico, western Texas, southern Colorado, southwestern Kansas, and Oklahoma panhandle were part of the territory of Santa Fe de Nuevo México. The geographical isolation and unique political history of this territory led to New Mexican Spanish differing notably from both Spanish spoken in other parts of the United States of America and Spanish spoken in the present-day United Mexican States. | When did other states become part of Colorado? | When did other states become part of Colorado? | [
"When did other states become part of Colorado?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21062 | 5a7704962d6d7f001a4a9f14 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | After the Mexican War of Independence from Spain also, California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, western Colorado and southwestern Wyoming became part of the Mexican territory of Alta California and most of New Mexico, western Texas, southern Colorado, southwestern Kansas, and Oklahoma panhandle were part of the territory of Santa Fe de Nuevo México. The geographical isolation and unique political history of this territory led to New Mexican Spanish differing notably from both Spanish spoken in other parts of the United States of America and Spanish spoken in the present-day United Mexican States. | Why is there still bilingual spoken in Mexico? | Why is there still bilingual spoken in Mexico? | [
"Why is there still bilingual spoken in Mexico?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21063 | 5a7704962d6d7f001a4a9f15 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | After the Mexican War of Independence from Spain also, California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, western Colorado and southwestern Wyoming became part of the Mexican territory of Alta California and most of New Mexico, western Texas, southern Colorado, southwestern Kansas, and Oklahoma panhandle were part of the territory of Santa Fe de Nuevo México. The geographical isolation and unique political history of this territory led to New Mexican Spanish differing notably from both Spanish spoken in other parts of the United States of America and Spanish spoken in the present-day United Mexican States. | What did Spanish in Spain differ from? | What did Spanish in Spain differ from? | [
"What did Spanish in Spain differ from?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21064 | 5a7704962d6d7f001a4a9f16 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | After the Mexican War of Independence from Spain also, California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, western Colorado and southwestern Wyoming became part of the Mexican territory of Alta California and most of New Mexico, western Texas, southern Colorado, southwestern Kansas, and Oklahoma panhandle were part of the territory of Santa Fe de Nuevo México. The geographical isolation and unique political history of this territory led to New Mexican Spanish differing notably from both Spanish spoken in other parts of the United States of America and Spanish spoken in the present-day United Mexican States. | What was North Dakota a part of? | What was North Dakota a part of? | [
"What was North Dakota a part of?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21065 | 5a7704962d6d7f001a4a9f17 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | After the Mexican War of Independence from Spain also, California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, western Colorado and southwestern Wyoming became part of the Mexican territory of Alta California and most of New Mexico, western Texas, southern Colorado, southwestern Kansas, and Oklahoma panhandle were part of the territory of Santa Fe de Nuevo México. The geographical isolation and unique political history of this territory led to New Mexican Spanish differing notably from both Spanish spoken in other parts of the United States of America and Spanish spoken in the present-day United Mexican States. | What was Nebraska a part of? | What was Nebraska a part of? | [
"What was Nebraska a part of?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21066 | 572ea6d5cb0c0d14000f13f0 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | Through the force of sheer numbers, the English-speaking American settlers entering the Southwest established their language, culture, and law as dominant, to the extent it fully displaced Spanish in the public sphere; this is why the United States never developed bilingualism as Canada did. For example, the California constitutional convention of 1849 had eight Californio participants; the resulting state constitution was produced in English and Spanish, and it contained a clause requiring all published laws and regulations to be published in both languages. The constitutional convention of 1872 had no Spanish-speaking participants; the convention's English-speaking participants felt that the state's remaining minority of Spanish-speakers should simply learn English; and the convention ultimately voted 46-39 to revise the earlier clause so that all official proceedings would henceforth be published only in English. | Why isn't the southwest Spanish speaking? | Why isn't the southwest Spanish speaking? | [
"Why isn't the southwest Spanish speaking?"
] | {
"text": [
"Through the force of sheer numbers, the English-speaking American settlers entering the Southwest established their language, culture, and law"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21067 | 572ea6d5cb0c0d14000f13f1 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | Through the force of sheer numbers, the English-speaking American settlers entering the Southwest established their language, culture, and law as dominant, to the extent it fully displaced Spanish in the public sphere; this is why the United States never developed bilingualism as Canada did. For example, the California constitutional convention of 1849 had eight Californio participants; the resulting state constitution was produced in English and Spanish, and it contained a clause requiring all published laws and regulations to be published in both languages. The constitutional convention of 1872 had no Spanish-speaking participants; the convention's English-speaking participants felt that the state's remaining minority of Spanish-speakers should simply learn English; and the convention ultimately voted 46-39 to revise the earlier clause so that all official proceedings would henceforth be published only in English. | Is Canada bilingual? | Is Canada bilingual? | [
"Is Canada bilingual?"
] | {
"text": [
"United States never developed bilingualism as Canada did."
],
"answer_start": [
235
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21068 | 572ea6d5cb0c0d14000f13f2 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | Through the force of sheer numbers, the English-speaking American settlers entering the Southwest established their language, culture, and law as dominant, to the extent it fully displaced Spanish in the public sphere; this is why the United States never developed bilingualism as Canada did. For example, the California constitutional convention of 1849 had eight Californio participants; the resulting state constitution was produced in English and Spanish, and it contained a clause requiring all published laws and regulations to be published in both languages. The constitutional convention of 1872 had no Spanish-speaking participants; the convention's English-speaking participants felt that the state's remaining minority of Spanish-speakers should simply learn English; and the convention ultimately voted 46-39 to revise the earlier clause so that all official proceedings would henceforth be published only in English. | Was California a bilingual state? | Was California a bilingual state? | [
"Was California a bilingual state?"
] | {
"text": [
"California constitutional convention of 1849 had eight Californio participants; the resulting state constitution was produced in English and Spanish,"
],
"answer_start": [
310
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21069 | 572ea6d5cb0c0d14000f13f3 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | Through the force of sheer numbers, the English-speaking American settlers entering the Southwest established their language, culture, and law as dominant, to the extent it fully displaced Spanish in the public sphere; this is why the United States never developed bilingualism as Canada did. For example, the California constitutional convention of 1849 had eight Californio participants; the resulting state constitution was produced in English and Spanish, and it contained a clause requiring all published laws and regulations to be published in both languages. The constitutional convention of 1872 had no Spanish-speaking participants; the convention's English-speaking participants felt that the state's remaining minority of Spanish-speakers should simply learn English; and the convention ultimately voted 46-39 to revise the earlier clause so that all official proceedings would henceforth be published only in English. | Why didn't California officially become bilingual? | Why didn't California officially become bilingual? | [
"Why didn't California officially become bilingual?"
] | {
"text": [
"the convention's English-speaking participants felt that the state's remaining minority of Spanish-speakers should simply learn English"
],
"answer_start": [
642
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21070 | 572ea6d5cb0c0d14000f13f4 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | Through the force of sheer numbers, the English-speaking American settlers entering the Southwest established their language, culture, and law as dominant, to the extent it fully displaced Spanish in the public sphere; this is why the United States never developed bilingualism as Canada did. For example, the California constitutional convention of 1849 had eight Californio participants; the resulting state constitution was produced in English and Spanish, and it contained a clause requiring all published laws and regulations to be published in both languages. The constitutional convention of 1872 had no Spanish-speaking participants; the convention's English-speaking participants felt that the state's remaining minority of Spanish-speakers should simply learn English; and the convention ultimately voted 46-39 to revise the earlier clause so that all official proceedings would henceforth be published only in English. | Was there a court ruling? | Was there a court ruling? | [
"Was there a court ruling?"
] | {
"text": [
"the convention ultimately voted 46-39 to revise the earlier clause so that all official proceedings would henceforth be published only in English."
],
"answer_start": [
783
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21071 | 5a770f312d6d7f001a4a9f1d | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | Through the force of sheer numbers, the English-speaking American settlers entering the Southwest established their language, culture, and law as dominant, to the extent it fully displaced Spanish in the public sphere; this is why the United States never developed bilingualism as Canada did. For example, the California constitutional convention of 1849 had eight Californio participants; the resulting state constitution was produced in English and Spanish, and it contained a clause requiring all published laws and regulations to be published in both languages. The constitutional convention of 1872 had no Spanish-speaking participants; the convention's English-speaking participants felt that the state's remaining minority of Spanish-speakers should simply learn English; and the convention ultimately voted 46-39 to revise the earlier clause so that all official proceedings would henceforth be published only in English. | Why isn't the southwest English-speaking? | Why isn't the southwest English-speaking? | [
"Why isn't the southwest English-speaking?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21072 | 5a770f312d6d7f001a4a9f1e | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | Through the force of sheer numbers, the English-speaking American settlers entering the Southwest established their language, culture, and law as dominant, to the extent it fully displaced Spanish in the public sphere; this is why the United States never developed bilingualism as Canada did. For example, the California constitutional convention of 1849 had eight Californio participants; the resulting state constitution was produced in English and Spanish, and it contained a clause requiring all published laws and regulations to be published in both languages. The constitutional convention of 1872 had no Spanish-speaking participants; the convention's English-speaking participants felt that the state's remaining minority of Spanish-speakers should simply learn English; and the convention ultimately voted 46-39 to revise the earlier clause so that all official proceedings would henceforth be published only in English. | Why didn't Caifornia officially become monolingual? | Why didn't Caifornia officially become monolingual? | [
"Why didn't Caifornia officially become monolingual?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21073 | 5a770f312d6d7f001a4a9f1f | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | Through the force of sheer numbers, the English-speaking American settlers entering the Southwest established their language, culture, and law as dominant, to the extent it fully displaced Spanish in the public sphere; this is why the United States never developed bilingualism as Canada did. For example, the California constitutional convention of 1849 had eight Californio participants; the resulting state constitution was produced in English and Spanish, and it contained a clause requiring all published laws and regulations to be published in both languages. The constitutional convention of 1872 had no Spanish-speaking participants; the convention's English-speaking participants felt that the state's remaining minority of Spanish-speakers should simply learn English; and the convention ultimately voted 46-39 to revise the earlier clause so that all official proceedings would henceforth be published only in English. | What had no English-speaking participants? | What had no English-speaking participants? | [
"What had no English-speaking participants?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21074 | 5a770f312d6d7f001a4a9f20 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | Through the force of sheer numbers, the English-speaking American settlers entering the Southwest established their language, culture, and law as dominant, to the extent it fully displaced Spanish in the public sphere; this is why the United States never developed bilingualism as Canada did. For example, the California constitutional convention of 1849 had eight Californio participants; the resulting state constitution was produced in English and Spanish, and it contained a clause requiring all published laws and regulations to be published in both languages. The constitutional convention of 1872 had no Spanish-speaking participants; the convention's English-speaking participants felt that the state's remaining minority of Spanish-speakers should simply learn English; and the convention ultimately voted 46-39 to revise the earlier clause so that all official proceedings would henceforth be published only in English. | What had nine California participants? | What had nine California participants? | [
"What had nine California participants?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21075 | 5a770f312d6d7f001a4a9f21 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | Through the force of sheer numbers, the English-speaking American settlers entering the Southwest established their language, culture, and law as dominant, to the extent it fully displaced Spanish in the public sphere; this is why the United States never developed bilingualism as Canada did. For example, the California constitutional convention of 1849 had eight Californio participants; the resulting state constitution was produced in English and Spanish, and it contained a clause requiring all published laws and regulations to be published in both languages. The constitutional convention of 1872 had no Spanish-speaking participants; the convention's English-speaking participants felt that the state's remaining minority of Spanish-speakers should simply learn English; and the convention ultimately voted 46-39 to revise the earlier clause so that all official proceedings would henceforth be published only in English. | Who developed Monolingualism? | Who developed Monolingualism? | [
"Who developed Monolingualism?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21076 | 572ea6dc03f98919007568af | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | For decades, the U.S. federal government strenuously tried to force Puerto Ricans to adopt English, to the extent of making them use English as the primary language of instruction in their high schools. It was completely unsuccessful, and retreated from that policy in 1948. Puerto Rico was able to maintain its Spanish language, culture, and identity because the relatively small, densely populated island was already home to nearly a million people at the time of the U.S. takeover, all of those spoke Spanish, and the territory was never hit with a massive influx of millions of English speakers like the vast territory acquired from Mexico 50 years earlier. | Did America try to make Puerto Rico an English speaking territory? | Did America try to make Puerto Rico an English speaking territory? | [
"Did America try to make Puerto Rico an English speaking territory?"
] | {
"text": [
"U.S. federal government strenuously tried to force Puerto Ricans to adopt English"
],
"answer_start": [
17
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21077 | 572ea6dc03f98919007568b0 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | For decades, the U.S. federal government strenuously tried to force Puerto Ricans to adopt English, to the extent of making them use English as the primary language of instruction in their high schools. It was completely unsuccessful, and retreated from that policy in 1948. Puerto Rico was able to maintain its Spanish language, culture, and identity because the relatively small, densely populated island was already home to nearly a million people at the time of the U.S. takeover, all of those spoke Spanish, and the territory was never hit with a massive influx of millions of English speakers like the vast territory acquired from Mexico 50 years earlier. | How did America try to make Puerto Rico's language English? | How did America try to make Puerto Rico's language English? | [
"How did America try to make Puerto Rico's language English?"
] | {
"text": [
"making them use English as the primary language of instruction in their high schools."
],
"answer_start": [
117
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21078 | 572ea6dc03f98919007568b1 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | For decades, the U.S. federal government strenuously tried to force Puerto Ricans to adopt English, to the extent of making them use English as the primary language of instruction in their high schools. It was completely unsuccessful, and retreated from that policy in 1948. Puerto Rico was able to maintain its Spanish language, culture, and identity because the relatively small, densely populated island was already home to nearly a million people at the time of the U.S. takeover, all of those spoke Spanish, and the territory was never hit with a massive influx of millions of English speakers like the vast territory acquired from Mexico 50 years earlier. | Was English in Puerto Rico successful? | Was English in Puerto Rico successful? | [
"Was English in Puerto Rico successful?"
] | {
"text": [
"It was completely unsuccessful,"
],
"answer_start": [
203
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21079 | 572ea6dc03f98919007568b2 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | For decades, the U.S. federal government strenuously tried to force Puerto Ricans to adopt English, to the extent of making them use English as the primary language of instruction in their high schools. It was completely unsuccessful, and retreated from that policy in 1948. Puerto Rico was able to maintain its Spanish language, culture, and identity because the relatively small, densely populated island was already home to nearly a million people at the time of the U.S. takeover, all of those spoke Spanish, and the territory was never hit with a massive influx of millions of English speakers like the vast territory acquired from Mexico 50 years earlier. | How did Puerto Rico stay a Spanish speaking territory? | How did Puerto Rico stay a Spanish speaking territory? | [
"How did Puerto Rico stay a Spanish speaking territory?"
] | {
"text": [
"Puerto Rico was able to maintain its Spanish language, culture, and identity because the relatively small, densely populated island"
],
"answer_start": [
275
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21080 | 572ea6dc03f98919007568b3 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | For decades, the U.S. federal government strenuously tried to force Puerto Ricans to adopt English, to the extent of making them use English as the primary language of instruction in their high schools. It was completely unsuccessful, and retreated from that policy in 1948. Puerto Rico was able to maintain its Spanish language, culture, and identity because the relatively small, densely populated island was already home to nearly a million people at the time of the U.S. takeover, all of those spoke Spanish, and the territory was never hit with a massive influx of millions of English speakers like the vast territory acquired from Mexico 50 years earlier. | Does Puerto Rico have many English speaking residents? | Does Puerto Rico have many English speaking residents? | [
"Does Puerto Rico have many English speaking residents?"
] | {
"text": [
"the territory was never hit with a massive influx of millions of English speakers like the vast territory acquired from Mexico 50 years earlier."
],
"answer_start": [
517
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21081 | 5a7711c52d6d7f001a4a9f27 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | For decades, the U.S. federal government strenuously tried to force Puerto Ricans to adopt English, to the extent of making them use English as the primary language of instruction in their high schools. It was completely unsuccessful, and retreated from that policy in 1948. Puerto Rico was able to maintain its Spanish language, culture, and identity because the relatively small, densely populated island was already home to nearly a million people at the time of the U.S. takeover, all of those spoke Spanish, and the territory was never hit with a massive influx of millions of English speakers like the vast territory acquired from Mexico 50 years earlier. | How did Mexico try to make Puerto Rico's language English? | How did Mexico try to make Puerto Rico's language English? | [
"How did Mexico try to make Puerto Rico's language English?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21082 | 5a7711c52d6d7f001a4a9f28 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | For decades, the U.S. federal government strenuously tried to force Puerto Ricans to adopt English, to the extent of making them use English as the primary language of instruction in their high schools. It was completely unsuccessful, and retreated from that policy in 1948. Puerto Rico was able to maintain its Spanish language, culture, and identity because the relatively small, densely populated island was already home to nearly a million people at the time of the U.S. takeover, all of those spoke Spanish, and the territory was never hit with a massive influx of millions of English speakers like the vast territory acquired from Mexico 50 years earlier. | Was French in Peurto Rico successful? | Was French in Peurto Rico successful? | [
"Was French in Peurto Rico successful?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21083 | 5a7711c52d6d7f001a4a9f29 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | For decades, the U.S. federal government strenuously tried to force Puerto Ricans to adopt English, to the extent of making them use English as the primary language of instruction in their high schools. It was completely unsuccessful, and retreated from that policy in 1948. Puerto Rico was able to maintain its Spanish language, culture, and identity because the relatively small, densely populated island was already home to nearly a million people at the time of the U.S. takeover, all of those spoke Spanish, and the territory was never hit with a massive influx of millions of English speakers like the vast territory acquired from Mexico 50 years earlier. | How did Puerto Rico stay an English speaking territory? | How did Puerto Rico stay an English speaking territory? | [
"How did Puerto Rico stay an English speaking territory?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21084 | 5a7711c52d6d7f001a4a9f2a | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | For decades, the U.S. federal government strenuously tried to force Puerto Ricans to adopt English, to the extent of making them use English as the primary language of instruction in their high schools. It was completely unsuccessful, and retreated from that policy in 1948. Puerto Rico was able to maintain its Spanish language, culture, and identity because the relatively small, densely populated island was already home to nearly a million people at the time of the U.S. takeover, all of those spoke Spanish, and the territory was never hit with a massive influx of millions of English speakers like the vast territory acquired from Mexico 50 years earlier. | For how long has the U.S. federal government tried to force Puerto Ricans to adopt Spanish? | For how long has the U.S. federal government tried to force Puerto Ricans to adopt Spanish? | [
"For how long has the U.S. federal government tried to force Puerto Ricans to adopt Spanish?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21085 | 5a7711c52d6d7f001a4a9f2b | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | For decades, the U.S. federal government strenuously tried to force Puerto Ricans to adopt English, to the extent of making them use English as the primary language of instruction in their high schools. It was completely unsuccessful, and retreated from that policy in 1948. Puerto Rico was able to maintain its Spanish language, culture, and identity because the relatively small, densely populated island was already home to nearly a million people at the time of the U.S. takeover, all of those spoke Spanish, and the territory was never hit with a massive influx of millions of English speakers like the vast territory acquired from Mexico 50 years earlier. | When did the U.S. government retreat from the policy of making Puerto Ricans use Spanish? | When did the U.S. government retreat from the policy of making Puerto Ricans use Spanish? | [
"When did the U.S. government retreat from the policy of making Puerto Ricans use Spanish?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21086 | 572eac16c246551400ce44ae | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | At over 5 million, Puerto Ricans are easily the 2nd largest Hispanic group. Of all major Hispanic groups, Puerto Ricans are the least likely to be proficient in Spanish, but millions of Puerto Rican Americans living in the U.S. mainland nonetheless are fluent in Spanish. Puerto Ricans are natural-born U.S. citizens, and many Puerto Ricans have migrated to New York City, Orlando, Philadelphia, and other areas of the Eastern United States, increasing the Spanish-speaking populations and in some areas being the majority of the Hispanophone population, especially in Central Florida. In Hawaii, where Puerto Rican farm laborers and Mexican ranchers have settled since the late 19th century, 7.0 per cent of the islands' people are either Hispanic or Hispanophone or both. | How many Puerto Ricans are there? | How many Puerto Ricans are there? | [
"How many Puerto Ricans are there?"
] | {
"text": [
"At over 5 million, Puerto Ricans are easily the 2nd largest Hispanic group. Of all major Hispanic groups"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21087 | 572eac16c246551400ce44af | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | At over 5 million, Puerto Ricans are easily the 2nd largest Hispanic group. Of all major Hispanic groups, Puerto Ricans are the least likely to be proficient in Spanish, but millions of Puerto Rican Americans living in the U.S. mainland nonetheless are fluent in Spanish. Puerto Ricans are natural-born U.S. citizens, and many Puerto Ricans have migrated to New York City, Orlando, Philadelphia, and other areas of the Eastern United States, increasing the Spanish-speaking populations and in some areas being the majority of the Hispanophone population, especially in Central Florida. In Hawaii, where Puerto Rican farm laborers and Mexican ranchers have settled since the late 19th century, 7.0 per cent of the islands' people are either Hispanic or Hispanophone or both. | Do they speak Spanish fluently? | Do they speak Spanish fluently? | [
"Do they speak Spanish fluently?"
] | {
"text": [
"Puerto Ricans are the least likely to be proficient in Spanish"
],
"answer_start": [
106
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21088 | 572eac16c246551400ce44b0 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | At over 5 million, Puerto Ricans are easily the 2nd largest Hispanic group. Of all major Hispanic groups, Puerto Ricans are the least likely to be proficient in Spanish, but millions of Puerto Rican Americans living in the U.S. mainland nonetheless are fluent in Spanish. Puerto Ricans are natural-born U.S. citizens, and many Puerto Ricans have migrated to New York City, Orlando, Philadelphia, and other areas of the Eastern United States, increasing the Spanish-speaking populations and in some areas being the majority of the Hispanophone population, especially in Central Florida. In Hawaii, where Puerto Rican farm laborers and Mexican ranchers have settled since the late 19th century, 7.0 per cent of the islands' people are either Hispanic or Hispanophone or both. | Where are the biggest population of Puerto Ricans on the mainland? | Where are the biggest population of Puerto Ricans on the mainland? | [
"Where are the biggest population of Puerto Ricans on the mainland?"
] | {
"text": [
"many Puerto Ricans have migrated to New York City, Orlando, Philadelphia, and other areas of the Eastern United States"
],
"answer_start": [
322
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21089 | 572eac16c246551400ce44b1 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | At over 5 million, Puerto Ricans are easily the 2nd largest Hispanic group. Of all major Hispanic groups, Puerto Ricans are the least likely to be proficient in Spanish, but millions of Puerto Rican Americans living in the U.S. mainland nonetheless are fluent in Spanish. Puerto Ricans are natural-born U.S. citizens, and many Puerto Ricans have migrated to New York City, Orlando, Philadelphia, and other areas of the Eastern United States, increasing the Spanish-speaking populations and in some areas being the majority of the Hispanophone population, especially in Central Florida. In Hawaii, where Puerto Rican farm laborers and Mexican ranchers have settled since the late 19th century, 7.0 per cent of the islands' people are either Hispanic or Hispanophone or both. | Does Florida have a high Hispanic population? | Does Florida have a high Hispanic population? | [
"Does Florida have a high Hispanic population?"
] | {
"text": [
"increasing the Spanish-speaking populations and in some areas being the majority of the Hispanophone population, especially in Central Florida. In Hawaii"
],
"answer_start": [
442
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21090 | 572eac16c246551400ce44b2 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | At over 5 million, Puerto Ricans are easily the 2nd largest Hispanic group. Of all major Hispanic groups, Puerto Ricans are the least likely to be proficient in Spanish, but millions of Puerto Rican Americans living in the U.S. mainland nonetheless are fluent in Spanish. Puerto Ricans are natural-born U.S. citizens, and many Puerto Ricans have migrated to New York City, Orlando, Philadelphia, and other areas of the Eastern United States, increasing the Spanish-speaking populations and in some areas being the majority of the Hispanophone population, especially in Central Florida. In Hawaii, where Puerto Rican farm laborers and Mexican ranchers have settled since the late 19th century, 7.0 per cent of the islands' people are either Hispanic or Hispanophone or both. | Are Hispanics in Hawaii? | Are Hispanics in Hawaii? | [
"Are Hispanics in Hawaii?"
] | {
"text": [
"7.0 per cent of the islands' people are either Hispanic or Hispanophone or both."
],
"answer_start": [
693
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21091 | 5a7511ea97ca42001a521e57 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | At over 5 million, Puerto Ricans are easily the 2nd largest Hispanic group. Of all major Hispanic groups, Puerto Ricans are the least likely to be proficient in Spanish, but millions of Puerto Rican Americans living in the U.S. mainland nonetheless are fluent in Spanish. Puerto Ricans are natural-born U.S. citizens, and many Puerto Ricans have migrated to New York City, Orlando, Philadelphia, and other areas of the Eastern United States, increasing the Spanish-speaking populations and in some areas being the majority of the Hispanophone population, especially in Central Florida. In Hawaii, where Puerto Rican farm laborers and Mexican ranchers have settled since the late 19th century, 7.0 per cent of the islands' people are either Hispanic or Hispanophone or both. | What is the second largest hispanic group? | What is the second largest hispanic group? | [
"What is the second largest hispanic group? "
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21092 | 5a7511ea97ca42001a521e58 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | At over 5 million, Puerto Ricans are easily the 2nd largest Hispanic group. Of all major Hispanic groups, Puerto Ricans are the least likely to be proficient in Spanish, but millions of Puerto Rican Americans living in the U.S. mainland nonetheless are fluent in Spanish. Puerto Ricans are natural-born U.S. citizens, and many Puerto Ricans have migrated to New York City, Orlando, Philadelphia, and other areas of the Eastern United States, increasing the Spanish-speaking populations and in some areas being the majority of the Hispanophone population, especially in Central Florida. In Hawaii, where Puerto Rican farm laborers and Mexican ranchers have settled since the late 19th century, 7.0 per cent of the islands' people are either Hispanic or Hispanophone or both. | How many Puerto Ricans are there? | How many Puerto Ricans are there? | [
"How many Puerto Ricans are there? "
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21093 | 5a7511ea97ca42001a521e59 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | At over 5 million, Puerto Ricans are easily the 2nd largest Hispanic group. Of all major Hispanic groups, Puerto Ricans are the least likely to be proficient in Spanish, but millions of Puerto Rican Americans living in the U.S. mainland nonetheless are fluent in Spanish. Puerto Ricans are natural-born U.S. citizens, and many Puerto Ricans have migrated to New York City, Orlando, Philadelphia, and other areas of the Eastern United States, increasing the Spanish-speaking populations and in some areas being the majority of the Hispanophone population, especially in Central Florida. In Hawaii, where Puerto Rican farm laborers and Mexican ranchers have settled since the late 19th century, 7.0 per cent of the islands' people are either Hispanic or Hispanophone or both. | Puerto Ricans are citizens of what country? | Puerto Ricans are citizens of what country? | [
"Puerto Ricans are citizens of what country?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21094 | 5a7511ea97ca42001a521e5a | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | At over 5 million, Puerto Ricans are easily the 2nd largest Hispanic group. Of all major Hispanic groups, Puerto Ricans are the least likely to be proficient in Spanish, but millions of Puerto Rican Americans living in the U.S. mainland nonetheless are fluent in Spanish. Puerto Ricans are natural-born U.S. citizens, and many Puerto Ricans have migrated to New York City, Orlando, Philadelphia, and other areas of the Eastern United States, increasing the Spanish-speaking populations and in some areas being the majority of the Hispanophone population, especially in Central Florida. In Hawaii, where Puerto Rican farm laborers and Mexican ranchers have settled since the late 19th century, 7.0 per cent of the islands' people are either Hispanic or Hispanophone or both. | Which region of the United States have many Puerto Ricans migrated to? | Which region of the United States have many Puerto Ricans migrated to? | [
"Which region of the United States have many Puerto Ricans migrated to?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21095 | 5a7511ea97ca42001a521e5b | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | At over 5 million, Puerto Ricans are easily the 2nd largest Hispanic group. Of all major Hispanic groups, Puerto Ricans are the least likely to be proficient in Spanish, but millions of Puerto Rican Americans living in the U.S. mainland nonetheless are fluent in Spanish. Puerto Ricans are natural-born U.S. citizens, and many Puerto Ricans have migrated to New York City, Orlando, Philadelphia, and other areas of the Eastern United States, increasing the Spanish-speaking populations and in some areas being the majority of the Hispanophone population, especially in Central Florida. In Hawaii, where Puerto Rican farm laborers and Mexican ranchers have settled since the late 19th century, 7.0 per cent of the islands' people are either Hispanic or Hispanophone or both. | Where did Puerto Rican farm laborers go in the 19th century? | Where did Puerto Rican farm laborers go in the 19th century? | [
"Where did Puerto Rican farm laborers go in the 19th century?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21096 | 5a7724182d6d7f001a4a9f31 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | At over 5 million, Puerto Ricans are easily the 2nd largest Hispanic group. Of all major Hispanic groups, Puerto Ricans are the least likely to be proficient in Spanish, but millions of Puerto Rican Americans living in the U.S. mainland nonetheless are fluent in Spanish. Puerto Ricans are natural-born U.S. citizens, and many Puerto Ricans have migrated to New York City, Orlando, Philadelphia, and other areas of the Eastern United States, increasing the Spanish-speaking populations and in some areas being the majority of the Hispanophone population, especially in Central Florida. In Hawaii, where Puerto Rican farm laborers and Mexican ranchers have settled since the late 19th century, 7.0 per cent of the islands' people are either Hispanic or Hispanophone or both. | How many U.S. citizens are there? | How many U.S. citizens are there? | [
"How many U.S. citizens are there?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21097 | 5a7724182d6d7f001a4a9f32 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | At over 5 million, Puerto Ricans are easily the 2nd largest Hispanic group. Of all major Hispanic groups, Puerto Ricans are the least likely to be proficient in Spanish, but millions of Puerto Rican Americans living in the U.S. mainland nonetheless are fluent in Spanish. Puerto Ricans are natural-born U.S. citizens, and many Puerto Ricans have migrated to New York City, Orlando, Philadelphia, and other areas of the Eastern United States, increasing the Spanish-speaking populations and in some areas being the majority of the Hispanophone population, especially in Central Florida. In Hawaii, where Puerto Rican farm laborers and Mexican ranchers have settled since the late 19th century, 7.0 per cent of the islands' people are either Hispanic or Hispanophone or both. | Which group is least likely to be proficient in English? | Which group is least likely to be proficient in English? | [
"Which group is least likely to be proficient in English?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21098 | 5a7724182d6d7f001a4a9f33 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | At over 5 million, Puerto Ricans are easily the 2nd largest Hispanic group. Of all major Hispanic groups, Puerto Ricans are the least likely to be proficient in Spanish, but millions of Puerto Rican Americans living in the U.S. mainland nonetheless are fluent in Spanish. Puerto Ricans are natural-born U.S. citizens, and many Puerto Ricans have migrated to New York City, Orlando, Philadelphia, and other areas of the Eastern United States, increasing the Spanish-speaking populations and in some areas being the majority of the Hispanophone population, especially in Central Florida. In Hawaii, where Puerto Rican farm laborers and Mexican ranchers have settled since the late 19th century, 7.0 per cent of the islands' people are either Hispanic or Hispanophone or both. | How any of Puerto Rico's people are either English or Hispanophone or both? | How any of Puerto Rico's people are either English or Hispanophone or both? | [
"How any of Puerto Rico's people are either English or Hispanophone or both?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21099 | 5a7724182d6d7f001a4a9f34 | Spanish_language_in_the_United_States | At over 5 million, Puerto Ricans are easily the 2nd largest Hispanic group. Of all major Hispanic groups, Puerto Ricans are the least likely to be proficient in Spanish, but millions of Puerto Rican Americans living in the U.S. mainland nonetheless are fluent in Spanish. Puerto Ricans are natural-born U.S. citizens, and many Puerto Ricans have migrated to New York City, Orlando, Philadelphia, and other areas of the Eastern United States, increasing the Spanish-speaking populations and in some areas being the majority of the Hispanophone population, especially in Central Florida. In Hawaii, where Puerto Rican farm laborers and Mexican ranchers have settled since the late 19th century, 7.0 per cent of the islands' people are either Hispanic or Hispanophone or both. | How many Hawaiians live in the U.S. mainland? | How many Hawaiians live in the U.S. mainland? | [
"How many Hawaiians live in the U.S. mainland?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
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