gem_id stringlengths 20 25 | id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringlengths 3 59 | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 1 270 | target stringlengths 1 270 | references list | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gem-squad_v2-train-23200 | 5731b311b9d445190005e46b | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson's metaphor of a wall of separation has been cited repeatedly by the U.S. Supreme Court. In Reynolds v. United States (1879) the Court wrote that Jefferson's comments "may be accepted almost as an authoritative declaration of the scope and effect of the [First] Amendment." In Everson v. Board of Education (194... | Who made a metaphor about a wall of separation? | Who made a metaphor about a wall of separation? | [
"Who made a metaphor about a wall of separation?"
] | {
"text": [
"Jefferson"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23201 | 5731b311b9d445190005e46c | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson's metaphor of a wall of separation has been cited repeatedly by the U.S. Supreme Court. In Reynolds v. United States (1879) the Court wrote that Jefferson's comments "may be accepted almost as an authoritative declaration of the scope and effect of the [First] Amendment." In Everson v. Board of Education (194... | What has the U.S. Supreme Court repeatedly cited? | What has the U.S. Supreme Court repeatedly cited? | [
"What has the U.S. Supreme Court repeatedly cited?"
] | {
"text": [
"metaphor"
],
"answer_start": [
12
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23202 | 5731b311b9d445190005e46d | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson's metaphor of a wall of separation has been cited repeatedly by the U.S. Supreme Court. In Reynolds v. United States (1879) the Court wrote that Jefferson's comments "may be accepted almost as an authoritative declaration of the scope and effect of the [First] Amendment." In Everson v. Board of Education (194... | When was the case of Reynolds v. United States? | When was the case of Reynolds v. United States? | [
"When was the case of Reynolds v. United States?"
] | {
"text": [
"1879"
],
"answer_start": [
128
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23203 | 5731b311b9d445190005e46e | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson's metaphor of a wall of separation has been cited repeatedly by the U.S. Supreme Court. In Reynolds v. United States (1879) the Court wrote that Jefferson's comments "may be accepted almost as an authoritative declaration of the scope and effect of the [First] Amendment." In Everson v. Board of Education (194... | What did the Court write about Jefferson's comments as it related to the scope and effect of the First Amendment? | What did the Court write about Jefferson's comments as it related to the scope and effect of the First Amendment? | [
"What did the Court write about Jefferson's comments as it related to the scope and effect of the First Amendment?"
] | {
"text": [
"authoritative declaration"
],
"answer_start": [
206
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23204 | 5731b311b9d445190005e46f | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson's metaphor of a wall of separation has been cited repeatedly by the U.S. Supreme Court. In Reynolds v. United States (1879) the Court wrote that Jefferson's comments "may be accepted almost as an authoritative declaration of the scope and effect of the [First] Amendment." In Everson v. Board of Education (194... | What was the clause against establishment of religion by law intended to erect? | What was the clause against establishment of religion by law intended to erect? | [
"What was the clause against establishment of religion by law intended to erect?"
] | {
"text": [
"a wall of separation between church and state"
],
"answer_start": [
459
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23205 | 5ad138d1645df0001a2d1244 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson's metaphor of a wall of separation has been cited repeatedly by the U.S. Supreme Court. In Reynolds v. United States (1879) the Court wrote that Jefferson's comments "may be accepted almost as an authoritative declaration of the scope and effect of the [First] Amendment." In Everson v. Board of Education (194... | Who refused a metaphor about a wall of separation? | Who refused a metaphor about a wall of separation? | [
"Who refused a metaphor about a wall of separation?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23206 | 5ad138d1645df0001a2d1245 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson's metaphor of a wall of separation has been cited repeatedly by the U.S. Supreme Court. In Reynolds v. United States (1879) the Court wrote that Jefferson's comments "may be accepted almost as an authoritative declaration of the scope and effect of the [First] Amendment." In Everson v. Board of Education (194... | What has the U.S. Supreme Court repeatedly denied? | What has the U.S. Supreme Court repeatedly denied? | [
" What has the U.S. Supreme Court repeatedly denied?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23207 | 5ad138d1645df0001a2d1246 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson's metaphor of a wall of separation has been cited repeatedly by the U.S. Supreme Court. In Reynolds v. United States (1879) the Court wrote that Jefferson's comments "may be accepted almost as an authoritative declaration of the scope and effect of the [First] Amendment." In Everson v. Board of Education (194... | When was the case of Reynolds v. UN? | When was the case of Reynolds v. UN? | [
" When was the case of Reynolds v. UN?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23208 | 5ad138d1645df0001a2d1247 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson's metaphor of a wall of separation has been cited repeatedly by the U.S. Supreme Court. In Reynolds v. United States (1879) the Court wrote that Jefferson's comments "may be accepted almost as an authoritative declaration of the scope and effect of the [First] Amendment." In Everson v. Board of Education (194... | What did the Court write about Jefferson's comments as it related to the scope and effect of the Third Amendment? | What did the Court write about Jefferson's comments as it related to the scope and effect of the Third Amendment? | [
" What did the Court write about Jefferson's comments as it related to the scope and effect of the Third Amendment?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23209 | 5ad138d1645df0001a2d1248 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson's metaphor of a wall of separation has been cited repeatedly by the U.S. Supreme Court. In Reynolds v. United States (1879) the Court wrote that Jefferson's comments "may be accepted almost as an authoritative declaration of the scope and effect of the [First] Amendment." In Everson v. Board of Education (194... | What was the clause against establishment of non-religion by law intended to erect? | What was the clause against establishment of non-religion by law intended to erect? | [
"What was the clause against establishment of non-religion by law intended to erect?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23210 | 5731b3b7b9d445190005e475 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Many early immigrant groups traveled to America to worship freely, particularly after the English Civil War and religious conflict in France and Germany. They included nonconformists like the Puritans, who were Protestant Christians fleeing religious persecution from the Anglican King of England. Despite a common backg... | What was one of the reason early immigrant groups came to America? | What was one of the reason early immigrant groups came to America? | [
"What was one of the reason early immigrant groups came to America?"
] | {
"text": [
"to worship freely"
],
"answer_start": [
48
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23211 | 5731b3b7b9d445190005e476 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Many early immigrant groups traveled to America to worship freely, particularly after the English Civil War and religious conflict in France and Germany. They included nonconformists like the Puritans, who were Protestant Christians fleeing religious persecution from the Anglican King of England. Despite a common backg... | What were Protestant Christians fleeing from? | What were Protestant Christians fleeing from? | [
"What were Protestant Christians fleeing from?"
] | {
"text": [
"religious persecution"
],
"answer_start": [
241
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23212 | 5731b3b7b9d445190005e477 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Many early immigrant groups traveled to America to worship freely, particularly after the English Civil War and religious conflict in France and Germany. They included nonconformists like the Puritans, who were Protestant Christians fleeing religious persecution from the Anglican King of England. Despite a common backg... | Who was persecuting the Puritans? | Who was persecuting the Puritans? | [
"Who was persecuting the Puritans?"
] | {
"text": [
"King of England"
],
"answer_start": [
281
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23213 | 5731b3b7b9d445190005e478 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Many early immigrant groups traveled to America to worship freely, particularly after the English Civil War and religious conflict in France and Germany. They included nonconformists like the Puritans, who were Protestant Christians fleeing religious persecution from the Anglican King of England. Despite a common backg... | What did William Penn ensure the protection of in his colony? | What did William Penn ensure the protection of in his colony? | [
"What did William Penn ensure the protection of in his colony?"
] | {
"text": [
"religious minorities"
],
"answer_start": [
490
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23214 | 5731b3b7b9d445190005e479 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Many early immigrant groups traveled to America to worship freely, particularly after the English Civil War and religious conflict in France and Germany. They included nonconformists like the Puritans, who were Protestant Christians fleeing religious persecution from the Anglican King of England. Despite a common backg... | What did the Plymouth Colony and Massachusetts Bay Colony both establish? | What did the Plymouth Colony and Massachusetts Bay Colony both establish? | [
"What did the Plymouth Colony and Massachusetts Bay Colony both establish?"
] | {
"text": [
"churches"
],
"answer_start": [
611
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23215 | 5ad1395a645df0001a2d126a | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Many early immigrant groups traveled to America to worship freely, particularly after the English Civil War and religious conflict in France and Germany. They included nonconformists like the Puritans, who were Protestant Christians fleeing religious persecution from the Anglican King of England. Despite a common backg... | What was one of the reason late immigrant groups came to America? | What was one of the reason late immigrant groups came to America? | [
"What was one of the reason late immigrant groups came to America?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23216 | 5ad1395a645df0001a2d126b | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Many early immigrant groups traveled to America to worship freely, particularly after the English Civil War and religious conflict in France and Germany. They included nonconformists like the Puritans, who were Protestant Christians fleeing religious persecution from the Anglican King of England. Despite a common backg... | What were Protestant Christians not fleeing from? | What were Protestant Christians not fleeing from? | [
" What were Protestant Christians not fleeing from?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23217 | 5ad1395a645df0001a2d126c | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Many early immigrant groups traveled to America to worship freely, particularly after the English Civil War and religious conflict in France and Germany. They included nonconformists like the Puritans, who were Protestant Christians fleeing religious persecution from the Anglican King of England. Despite a common backg... | Who wasn't persecuting the Puritans? | Who wasn't persecuting the Puritans? | [
" Who wasn't persecuting the Puritans?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23218 | 5ad1395a645df0001a2d126d | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Many early immigrant groups traveled to America to worship freely, particularly after the English Civil War and religious conflict in France and Germany. They included nonconformists like the Puritans, who were Protestant Christians fleeing religious persecution from the Anglican King of England. Despite a common backg... | What did William Penn deny the protection of in his colony? | What did William Penn deny the protection of in his colony? | [
" What did William Penn deny the protection of in his colony?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23219 | 5ad1395a645df0001a2d126e | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Many early immigrant groups traveled to America to worship freely, particularly after the English Civil War and religious conflict in France and Germany. They included nonconformists like the Puritans, who were Protestant Christians fleeing religious persecution from the Anglican King of England. Despite a common backg... | What did the Plymouth Colony and Massachusetts Bay Colony both reject? | What did the Plymouth Colony and Massachusetts Bay Colony both reject? | [
"What did the Plymouth Colony and Massachusetts Bay Colony both reject?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23220 | 5731b46ee99e3014001e61e6 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | ^Note 2: in 1789 the Georgia Constitution was amended as follows: "Article IV. Section 10. No person within this state shall, upon any pretense, be deprived of the inestimable privilege of worshipping God in any manner agreeable to his own conscience, nor be compelled to attend any place of worship contrary to his own ... | What may no person within Georgia be deprived of the privilege of doing in any manner agreeable to them? | What may no person within Georgia be deprived of the privilege of doing in any manner agreeable to them? | [
"What may no person within Georgia be deprived of the privilege of doing in any manner agreeable to them?"
] | {
"text": [
"worshipping God"
],
"answer_start": [
189
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23221 | 5731b46ee99e3014001e61e7 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | ^Note 2: in 1789 the Georgia Constitution was amended as follows: "Article IV. Section 10. No person within this state shall, upon any pretense, be deprived of the inestimable privilege of worshipping God in any manner agreeable to his own conscience, nor be compelled to attend any place of worship contrary to his own ... | When was the Georgia Constitution amended to add Article IV, Section 10? | When was the Georgia Constitution amended to add Article IV, Section 10? | [
"When was the Georgia Constitution amended to add Article IV, Section 10?"
] | {
"text": [
"1789"
],
"answer_start": [
12
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23222 | 5731b46ee99e3014001e61e8 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | ^Note 2: in 1789 the Georgia Constitution was amended as follows: "Article IV. Section 10. No person within this state shall, upon any pretense, be deprived of the inestimable privilege of worshipping God in any manner agreeable to his own conscience, nor be compelled to attend any place of worship contrary to his own ... | What can a citizen of Georgia not be compelled to do? | What can a citizen of Georgia not be compelled to do? | [
"What can a citizen of Georgia not be compelled to do?"
] | {
"text": [
"attend any place of worship contrary to his own faith and judgment"
],
"answer_start": [
272
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23223 | 5731b46ee99e3014001e61e9 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | ^Note 2: in 1789 the Georgia Constitution was amended as follows: "Article IV. Section 10. No person within this state shall, upon any pretense, be deprived of the inestimable privilege of worshipping God in any manner agreeable to his own conscience, nor be compelled to attend any place of worship contrary to his own ... | What is constitutionally forbidden to be established in the state of Georgia? | What is constitutionally forbidden to be established in the state of Georgia? | [
"What is constitutionally forbidden to be established in the state of Georgia?"
] | {
"text": [
"No one religious society"
],
"answer_start": [
591
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23224 | 5731b46ee99e3014001e61ea | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | ^Note 2: in 1789 the Georgia Constitution was amended as follows: "Article IV. Section 10. No person within this state shall, upon any pretense, be deprived of the inestimable privilege of worshipping God in any manner agreeable to his own conscience, nor be compelled to attend any place of worship contrary to his own ... | What will no person be denied the enjoyment of in Georgia based on their religious principles? | What will no person be denied the enjoyment of in Georgia based on their religious principles? | [
"What will no person be denied the enjoyment of in Georgia based on their religious principles?"
] | {
"text": [
"any civil right"
],
"answer_start": [
731
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23225 | 5ad13994645df0001a2d127e | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | ^Note 2: in 1789 the Georgia Constitution was amended as follows: "Article IV. Section 10. No person within this state shall, upon any pretense, be deprived of the inestimable privilege of worshipping God in any manner agreeable to his own conscience, nor be compelled to attend any place of worship contrary to his own ... | What may every person within Georgia be deprived of the privilege of doing in any manner agreeable to them? | What may every person within Georgia be deprived of the privilege of doing in any manner agreeable to them? | [
"What may every person within Georgia be deprived of the privilege of doing in any manner agreeable to them?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23226 | 5ad13994645df0001a2d127f | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | ^Note 2: in 1789 the Georgia Constitution was amended as follows: "Article IV. Section 10. No person within this state shall, upon any pretense, be deprived of the inestimable privilege of worshipping God in any manner agreeable to his own conscience, nor be compelled to attend any place of worship contrary to his own ... | When was the Georgia Constitution amended to add Article VI, Section 10? | When was the Georgia Constitution amended to add Article VI, Section 10? | [
" When was the Georgia Constitution amended to add Article VI, Section 10?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23227 | 5ad13994645df0001a2d1280 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | ^Note 2: in 1789 the Georgia Constitution was amended as follows: "Article IV. Section 10. No person within this state shall, upon any pretense, be deprived of the inestimable privilege of worshipping God in any manner agreeable to his own conscience, nor be compelled to attend any place of worship contrary to his own ... | What can't a citizen of Georgia not be compelled to do? | What can't a citizen of Georgia not be compelled to do? | [
" What can't a citizen of Georgia not be compelled to do?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23228 | 5ad13994645df0001a2d1281 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | ^Note 2: in 1789 the Georgia Constitution was amended as follows: "Article IV. Section 10. No person within this state shall, upon any pretense, be deprived of the inestimable privilege of worshipping God in any manner agreeable to his own conscience, nor be compelled to attend any place of worship contrary to his own ... | What is constitutionally allowed to be established in the state of Georgia? | What is constitutionally allowed to be established in the state of Georgia? | [
"What is constitutionally allowed to be established in the state of Georgia?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23229 | 5ad13994645df0001a2d1282 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | ^Note 2: in 1789 the Georgia Constitution was amended as follows: "Article IV. Section 10. No person within this state shall, upon any pretense, be deprived of the inestimable privilege of worshipping God in any manner agreeable to his own conscience, nor be compelled to attend any place of worship contrary to his own ... | What will every person be denied the enjoyment of in Georgia based on their religious principles? | What will every person be denied the enjoyment of in Georgia based on their religious principles? | [
"What will every person be denied the enjoyment of in Georgia based on their religious principles?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23230 | 5731b510e99e3014001e61f0 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | ^Note 5: The North Carolina Constitution of 1776 disestablished the Anglican church, but until 1835 the NC Constitution allowed only Protestants to hold public office. From 1835-1876 it allowed only Christians (including Catholics) to hold public office. Article VI, Section 8 of the current NC Constitution forbids only... | When did the North Carolina Constitution disestablish the Anglican church? | When did the North Carolina Constitution disestablish the Anglican church? | [
"When did the North Carolina Constitution disestablish the Anglican church?"
] | {
"text": [
"1776"
],
"answer_start": [
44
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23231 | 5731b510e99e3014001e61f1 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | ^Note 5: The North Carolina Constitution of 1776 disestablished the Anglican church, but until 1835 the NC Constitution allowed only Protestants to hold public office. From 1835-1876 it allowed only Christians (including Catholics) to hold public office. Article VI, Section 8 of the current NC Constitution forbids only... | What religious denomination was the only one allowed to hold public office in NC until 1835? | What religious denomination was the only one allowed to hold public office in NC until 1835? | [
"What religious denomination was the only one allowed to hold public office in NC until 1835?"
] | {
"text": [
"Protestants"
],
"answer_start": [
133
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23232 | 5731b510e99e3014001e61f2 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | ^Note 5: The North Carolina Constitution of 1776 disestablished the Anglican church, but until 1835 the NC Constitution allowed only Protestants to hold public office. From 1835-1876 it allowed only Christians (including Catholics) to hold public office. Article VI, Section 8 of the current NC Constitution forbids only... | What category did the NC Constitution broaden the people allowed to hold public office to from 1835 to 1876? | What category did the NC Constitution broaden the people allowed to hold public office to from 1835 to 1876? | [
"What category did the NC Constitution broaden the people allowed to hold public office to from 1835 to 1876?"
] | {
"text": [
"Christians"
],
"answer_start": [
199
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23233 | 5731b510e99e3014001e61f3 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | ^Note 5: The North Carolina Constitution of 1776 disestablished the Anglican church, but until 1835 the NC Constitution allowed only Protestants to hold public office. From 1835-1876 it allowed only Christians (including Catholics) to hold public office. Article VI, Section 8 of the current NC Constitution forbids only... | What part of the NC Constitution forbids atheists from holding public office? | What part of the NC Constitution forbids atheists from holding public office? | [
"What part of the NC Constitution forbids atheists from holding public office?"
] | {
"text": [
"Article VI, Section 8"
],
"answer_start": [
255
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23234 | 5731b510e99e3014001e61f4 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | ^Note 5: The North Carolina Constitution of 1776 disestablished the Anglican church, but until 1835 the NC Constitution allowed only Protestants to hold public office. From 1835-1876 it allowed only Christians (including Catholics) to hold public office. Article VI, Section 8 of the current NC Constitution forbids only... | When did the U.S. Supreme Court rule clauses forbidding people from holding public office based on their religion was unenforceable? | When did the U.S. Supreme Court rule clauses forbidding people from holding public office based on their religion was unenforceable? | [
"When did the U.S. Supreme Court rule clauses forbidding people from holding public office based on their religion was unenforceable? "
] | {
"text": [
"1961"
],
"answer_start": [
443
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23235 | 5ad139e9645df0001a2d129c | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | ^Note 5: The North Carolina Constitution of 1776 disestablished the Anglican church, but until 1835 the NC Constitution allowed only Protestants to hold public office. From 1835-1876 it allowed only Christians (including Catholics) to hold public office. Article VI, Section 8 of the current NC Constitution forbids only... | When did the North Carolina Constitution establish the Anglican church? | When did the North Carolina Constitution establish the Anglican church? | [
"When did the North Carolina Constitution establish the Anglican church?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23236 | 5ad139e9645df0001a2d129d | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | ^Note 5: The North Carolina Constitution of 1776 disestablished the Anglican church, but until 1835 the NC Constitution allowed only Protestants to hold public office. From 1835-1876 it allowed only Christians (including Catholics) to hold public office. Article VI, Section 8 of the current NC Constitution forbids only... | What religious denomination wasn't the only one allowed to hold public office in NC until 1835? | What religious denomination wasn't the only one allowed to hold public office in NC until 1835? | [
"What religious denomination wasn't the only one allowed to hold public office in NC until 1835?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23237 | 5ad139e9645df0001a2d129e | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | ^Note 5: The North Carolina Constitution of 1776 disestablished the Anglican church, but until 1835 the NC Constitution allowed only Protestants to hold public office. From 1835-1876 it allowed only Christians (including Catholics) to hold public office. Article VI, Section 8 of the current NC Constitution forbids only... | What category did the NC Constitution broaden the people allowed to hold public office to from 1935 to 1976? | What category did the NC Constitution broaden the people allowed to hold public office to from 1935 to 1976? | [
" What category did the NC Constitution broaden the people allowed to hold public office to from 1935 to 1976?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23238 | 5ad139e9645df0001a2d129f | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | ^Note 5: The North Carolina Constitution of 1776 disestablished the Anglican church, but until 1835 the NC Constitution allowed only Protestants to hold public office. From 1835-1876 it allowed only Christians (including Catholics) to hold public office. Article VI, Section 8 of the current NC Constitution forbids only... | What part of the NC Constitution allows atheists to hold public office? | What part of the NC Constitution allows atheists to hold public office? | [
" What part of the NC Constitution allows atheists to hold public office?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23239 | 5ad139e9645df0001a2d12a0 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | ^Note 5: The North Carolina Constitution of 1776 disestablished the Anglican church, but until 1835 the NC Constitution allowed only Protestants to hold public office. From 1835-1876 it allowed only Christians (including Catholics) to hold public office. Article VI, Section 8 of the current NC Constitution forbids only... | When did the U.S. Supreme Court rule clauses allow people to hold public office based on their religion was unenforceable? | When did the U.S. Supreme Court rule clauses allow people to hold public office based on their religion was unenforceable? | [
"When did the U.S. Supreme Court rule clauses allow people to hold public office based on their religion was unenforceable?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23240 | 5731b5b50fdd8d15006c646f | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | The Flushing Remonstrance shows support for separation of church and state as early as the mid-17th century, stating their opposition to religious persecution of any sort: "The law of love, peace and liberty in the states extending to Jews, Turks and Egyptians, as they are considered sons of Adam, which is the glory of... | What shows support for the separation of church and state as early as the mid-17th century? | What shows support for the separation of church and state as early as the mid-17th century? | [
"What shows support for the separation of church and state as early as the mid-17th century?"
] | {
"text": [
"The Flushing Remonstrance"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23241 | 5731b5b50fdd8d15006c6470 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | The Flushing Remonstrance shows support for separation of church and state as early as the mid-17th century, stating their opposition to religious persecution of any sort: "The law of love, peace and liberty in the states extending to Jews, Turks and Egyptians, as they are considered sons of Adam, which is the glory of... | What were the Remonstrance opposed to? | What were the Remonstrance opposed to? | [
"What were the Remonstrance opposed to?"
] | {
"text": [
"religious persecution of any sort"
],
"answer_start": [
137
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23242 | 5731b5b50fdd8d15006c6471 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | The Flushing Remonstrance shows support for separation of church and state as early as the mid-17th century, stating their opposition to religious persecution of any sort: "The law of love, peace and liberty in the states extending to Jews, Turks and Egyptians, as they are considered sons of Adam, which is the glory of... | When did a group of English citizens sign a document condemning hatred, war and bondage? | When did a group of English citizens sign a document condemning hatred, war and bondage? | [
"When did a group of English citizens sign a document condemning hatred, war and bondage?"
] | {
"text": [
"December 27, 1657"
],
"answer_start": [
472
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23243 | 5731b5b50fdd8d15006c6472 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | The Flushing Remonstrance shows support for separation of church and state as early as the mid-17th century, stating their opposition to religious persecution of any sort: "The law of love, peace and liberty in the states extending to Jews, Turks and Egyptians, as they are considered sons of Adam, which is the glory of... | Who were the signers of the document affronted by the persecution of? | Who were the signers of the document affronted by the persecution of? | [
"Who were the signers of the document affronted by the persecution of?"
] | {
"text": [
"Quakers"
],
"answer_start": [
569
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23244 | 5731b5b50fdd8d15006c6473 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | The Flushing Remonstrance shows support for separation of church and state as early as the mid-17th century, stating their opposition to religious persecution of any sort: "The law of love, peace and liberty in the states extending to Jews, Turks and Egyptians, as they are considered sons of Adam, which is the glory of... | What had Peter Stuyvesant formally banned all of other than the Dutch Reformed Church? | What had Peter Stuyvesant formally banned all of other than the Dutch Reformed Church? | [
"What had Peter Stuyvesant formally banned all of other than the Dutch Reformed Church?"
] | {
"text": [
"religions"
],
"answer_start": [
692
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23245 | 5ad13a2f645df0001a2d12b8 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | The Flushing Remonstrance shows support for separation of church and state as early as the mid-17th century, stating their opposition to religious persecution of any sort: "The law of love, peace and liberty in the states extending to Jews, Turks and Egyptians, as they are considered sons of Adam, which is the glory of... | What shows support for the separation of church and state as late as the mid-17th century? | What shows support for the separation of church and state as late as the mid-17th century? | [
"What shows support for the separation of church and state as late as the mid-17th century?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23246 | 5ad13a2f645df0001a2d12b9 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | The Flushing Remonstrance shows support for separation of church and state as early as the mid-17th century, stating their opposition to religious persecution of any sort: "The law of love, peace and liberty in the states extending to Jews, Turks and Egyptians, as they are considered sons of Adam, which is the glory of... | What were the Remonstrance not opposed to? | What were the Remonstrance not opposed to? | [
" What were the Remonstrance not opposed to?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23247 | 5ad13a2f645df0001a2d12ba | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | The Flushing Remonstrance shows support for separation of church and state as early as the mid-17th century, stating their opposition to religious persecution of any sort: "The law of love, peace and liberty in the states extending to Jews, Turks and Egyptians, as they are considered sons of Adam, which is the glory of... | When did a group of English citizens reject a document condemning hatred, war and bondage? | When did a group of English citizens reject a document condemning hatred, war and bondage? | [
"When did a group of English citizens reject a document condemning hatred, war and bondage?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23248 | 5ad13a2f645df0001a2d12bb | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | The Flushing Remonstrance shows support for separation of church and state as early as the mid-17th century, stating their opposition to religious persecution of any sort: "The law of love, peace and liberty in the states extending to Jews, Turks and Egyptians, as they are considered sons of Adam, which is the glory of... | Who were the rejecters of the document affronted by the persecution of? | Who were the rejecters of the document affronted by the persecution of? | [
"Who were the rejecters of the document affronted by the persecution of?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23249 | 5ad13a2f645df0001a2d12bc | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | The Flushing Remonstrance shows support for separation of church and state as early as the mid-17th century, stating their opposition to religious persecution of any sort: "The law of love, peace and liberty in the states extending to Jews, Turks and Egyptians, as they are considered sons of Adam, which is the glory of... | What had Peter Stuyvesant formally approved all of other than the Dutch Reformed Church? | What had Peter Stuyvesant formally approved all of other than the Dutch Reformed Church? | [
" What had Peter Stuyvesant formally approved all of other than the Dutch Reformed Church?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23250 | 5731b690b9d445190005e49d | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | There were also opponents to the support of any established church even at the state level. In 1773, Isaac Backus, a prominent Baptist minister in New England, wrote against a state sanctioned religion, saying: "Now who can hear Christ declare, that his kingdom is, not of this world, and yet believe that this blending ... | What did an established church, even at the state level, have? | What did an established church, even at the state level, have? | [
"What did an established church, even at the state level, have?"
] | {
"text": [
"opponents"
],
"answer_start": [
16
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23251 | 5731b690b9d445190005e49e | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | There were also opponents to the support of any established church even at the state level. In 1773, Isaac Backus, a prominent Baptist minister in New England, wrote against a state sanctioned religion, saying: "Now who can hear Christ declare, that his kingdom is, not of this world, and yet believe that this blending ... | What was Issac Backus' profession? | What was Issac Backus' profession? | [
"What was Issac Backus' profession?"
] | {
"text": [
"Baptist minister"
],
"answer_start": [
127
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23252 | 5731b690b9d445190005e49f | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | There were also opponents to the support of any established church even at the state level. In 1773, Isaac Backus, a prominent Baptist minister in New England, wrote against a state sanctioned religion, saying: "Now who can hear Christ declare, that his kingdom is, not of this world, and yet believe that this blending ... | What region did Isaac Backus come from? | What region did Isaac Backus come from? | [
"What region did Isaac Backus come from?"
] | {
"text": [
"New England"
],
"answer_start": [
147
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23253 | 5731b690b9d445190005e4a0 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | There were also opponents to the support of any established church even at the state level. In 1773, Isaac Backus, a prominent Baptist minister in New England, wrote against a state sanctioned religion, saying: "Now who can hear Christ declare, that his kingdom is, not of this world, and yet believe that this blending ... | When did Isaac Backus write against a state sanctioned religion? | When did Isaac Backus write against a state sanctioned religion? | [
"When did Isaac Backus write against a state sanctioned religion?"
] | {
"text": [
"1773"
],
"answer_start": [
95
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23254 | 5731b690b9d445190005e4a1 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | There were also opponents to the support of any established church even at the state level. In 1773, Isaac Backus, a prominent Baptist minister in New England, wrote against a state sanctioned religion, saying: "Now who can hear Christ declare, that his kingdom is, not of this world, and yet believe that this blending ... | When was Thomas Jefferson's Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom enacted? | When was Thomas Jefferson's Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom enacted? | [
"When was Thomas Jefferson's Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom enacted?"
] | {
"text": [
"1786"
],
"answer_start": [
707
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23255 | 5ad13a64645df0001a2d12ca | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | There were also opponents to the support of any established church even at the state level. In 1773, Isaac Backus, a prominent Baptist minister in New England, wrote against a state sanctioned religion, saying: "Now who can hear Christ declare, that his kingdom is, not of this world, and yet believe that this blending ... | What didn't an established church, even at the state level, have? | What didn't an established church, even at the state level, have? | [
"What didn't an established church, even at the state level, have?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23256 | 5ad13a64645df0001a2d12cb | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | There were also opponents to the support of any established church even at the state level. In 1773, Isaac Backus, a prominent Baptist minister in New England, wrote against a state sanctioned religion, saying: "Now who can hear Christ declare, that his kingdom is, not of this world, and yet believe that this blending ... | When was Issac Backus' born? | When was Issac Backus' born? | [
" When was Issac Backus' born?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23257 | 5ad13a64645df0001a2d12cc | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | There were also opponents to the support of any established church even at the state level. In 1773, Isaac Backus, a prominent Baptist minister in New England, wrote against a state sanctioned religion, saying: "Now who can hear Christ declare, that his kingdom is, not of this world, and yet believe that this blending ... | What city did Isaac Backus come from? | What city did Isaac Backus come from? | [
" What city did Isaac Backus come from?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23258 | 5ad13a64645df0001a2d12cd | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | There were also opponents to the support of any established church even at the state level. In 1773, Isaac Backus, a prominent Baptist minister in New England, wrote against a state sanctioned religion, saying: "Now who can hear Christ declare, that his kingdom is, not of this world, and yet believe that this blending ... | When did Isaac Backus write supporting a state sanctioned religion? | When did Isaac Backus write supporting a state sanctioned religion? | [
" When did Isaac Backus write supporting a state sanctioned religion?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23259 | 5ad13a64645df0001a2d12ce | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | There were also opponents to the support of any established church even at the state level. In 1773, Isaac Backus, a prominent Baptist minister in New England, wrote against a state sanctioned religion, saying: "Now who can hear Christ declare, that his kingdom is, not of this world, and yet believe that this blending ... | When was Thomas Jefferson's Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom rejected? | When was Thomas Jefferson's Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom rejected? | [
"When was Thomas Jefferson's Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom rejected?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23260 | 5731b71e0fdd8d15006c6483 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | The phrase "[A] hedge or wall of separation between the garden of the church and the wilderness of the world" was first used by Baptist theologian Roger Williams, the founder of the colony of Rhode Island, in his 1644 book The Bloody Tenent of Persecution. The phrase was later used by Thomas Jefferson as a description ... | Who was Roger Williams? | Who was Roger Williams? | [
"Who was Roger Williams?"
] | {
"text": [
"Baptist theologian"
],
"answer_start": [
128
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23261 | 5731b71e0fdd8d15006c6484 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | The phrase "[A] hedge or wall of separation between the garden of the church and the wilderness of the world" was first used by Baptist theologian Roger Williams, the founder of the colony of Rhode Island, in his 1644 book The Bloody Tenent of Persecution. The phrase was later used by Thomas Jefferson as a description ... | What phrase did Roger Williams first use? | What phrase did Roger Williams first use? | [
"What phrase did Roger Williams first use?"
] | {
"text": [
"\"[A] hedge or wall of separation between the garden of the church and the wilderness of the world\""
],
"answer_start": [
11
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23262 | 5731b71e0fdd8d15006c6485 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | The phrase "[A] hedge or wall of separation between the garden of the church and the wilderness of the world" was first used by Baptist theologian Roger Williams, the founder of the colony of Rhode Island, in his 1644 book The Bloody Tenent of Persecution. The phrase was later used by Thomas Jefferson as a description ... | What colony was Roger Williams the founder of? | What colony was Roger Williams the founder of? | [
"What colony was Roger Williams the founder of?"
] | {
"text": [
"Rhode Island"
],
"answer_start": [
192
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23263 | 5731b71e0fdd8d15006c6486 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | The phrase "[A] hedge or wall of separation between the garden of the church and the wilderness of the world" was first used by Baptist theologian Roger Williams, the founder of the colony of Rhode Island, in his 1644 book The Bloody Tenent of Persecution. The phrase was later used by Thomas Jefferson as a description ... | When was the book The Bloody Tenent of Persecution published? | When was the book The Bloody Tenent of Persecution published? | [
"When was the book The Bloody Tenent of Persecution published?"
] | {
"text": [
"1644"
],
"answer_start": [
213
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23264 | 5731b71e0fdd8d15006c6487 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | The phrase "[A] hedge or wall of separation between the garden of the church and the wilderness of the world" was first used by Baptist theologian Roger Williams, the founder of the colony of Rhode Island, in his 1644 book The Bloody Tenent of Persecution. The phrase was later used by Thomas Jefferson as a description ... | Who used William's phrase as a description of the First Amendment and its restriction on the legislative branch? | Who used William's phrase as a description of the First Amendment and its restriction on the legislative branch? | [
"Who used William's phrase as a description of the First Amendment and its restriction on the legislative branch?"
] | {
"text": [
"Thomas Jefferson"
],
"answer_start": [
286
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23265 | 5ad13aec645df0001a2d12ee | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | The phrase "[A] hedge or wall of separation between the garden of the church and the wilderness of the world" was first used by Baptist theologian Roger Williams, the founder of the colony of Rhode Island, in his 1644 book The Bloody Tenent of Persecution. The phrase was later used by Thomas Jefferson as a description ... | Who was a non-Baptist theologian? | Who was a non-Baptist theologian? | [
"Who was a non-Baptist theologian?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23266 | 5ad13aec645df0001a2d12ef | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | The phrase "[A] hedge or wall of separation between the garden of the church and the wilderness of the world" was first used by Baptist theologian Roger Williams, the founder of the colony of Rhode Island, in his 1644 book The Bloody Tenent of Persecution. The phrase was later used by Thomas Jefferson as a description ... | What phrase did Roger Williams never use? | What phrase did Roger Williams never use? | [
" What phrase did Roger Williams never use?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23267 | 5ad13aec645df0001a2d12f0 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | The phrase "[A] hedge or wall of separation between the garden of the church and the wilderness of the world" was first used by Baptist theologian Roger Williams, the founder of the colony of Rhode Island, in his 1644 book The Bloody Tenent of Persecution. The phrase was later used by Thomas Jefferson as a description ... | What colony did Roger Williams escape from? | What colony did Roger Williams escape from? | [
" What colony did Roger Williams escape from?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23268 | 5ad13aec645df0001a2d12f1 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | The phrase "[A] hedge or wall of separation between the garden of the church and the wilderness of the world" was first used by Baptist theologian Roger Williams, the founder of the colony of Rhode Island, in his 1644 book The Bloody Tenent of Persecution. The phrase was later used by Thomas Jefferson as a description ... | When was the book The Bloody Tenent of Persecution burned? | When was the book The Bloody Tenent of Persecution burned? | [
" When was the book The Bloody Tenent of Persecution burned?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23269 | 5ad13aec645df0001a2d12f2 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | The phrase "[A] hedge or wall of separation between the garden of the church and the wilderness of the world" was first used by Baptist theologian Roger Williams, the founder of the colony of Rhode Island, in his 1644 book The Bloody Tenent of Persecution. The phrase was later used by Thomas Jefferson as a description ... | Who used William's phrase as a description of the Third Amendment and its restriction on the legislative branch? | Who used William's phrase as a description of the Third Amendment and its restriction on the legislative branch? | [
"Who used William's phrase as a description of the Third Amendment and its restriction on the legislative branch?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23270 | 5731b79a0fdd8d15006c648d | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson and James Madison's conceptions of separation have long been debated. Jefferson refused to issue Proclamations of Thanksgiving sent to him by Congress during his presidency, though he did issue a Thanksgiving and Prayer proclamation as Governor of Virginia. Madison issued four religious proclamations while Pr... | Whose conceptions of separation have long been argued over? | Whose conceptions of separation have long been argued over? | [
"Whose conceptions of separation have long been argued over?"
] | {
"text": [
"Jefferson and James Madison's"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23271 | 5731b79a0fdd8d15006c648e | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson and James Madison's conceptions of separation have long been debated. Jefferson refused to issue Proclamations of Thanksgiving sent to him by Congress during his presidency, though he did issue a Thanksgiving and Prayer proclamation as Governor of Virginia. Madison issued four religious proclamations while Pr... | What did Jefferson refuse to issue, when it was sent to him by Congress during his presidency? | What did Jefferson refuse to issue, when it was sent to him by Congress during his presidency? | [
"What did Jefferson refuse to issue, when it was sent to him by Congress during his presidency?"
] | {
"text": [
"Proclamations of Thanksgiving"
],
"answer_start": [
107
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23272 | 5731b79a0fdd8d15006c648f | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson and James Madison's conceptions of separation have long been debated. Jefferson refused to issue Proclamations of Thanksgiving sent to him by Congress during his presidency, though he did issue a Thanksgiving and Prayer proclamation as Governor of Virginia. Madison issued four religious proclamations while Pr... | How many religious proclamations did Madison issue while President? | How many religious proclamations did Madison issue while President? | [
"How many religious proclamations did Madison issue while President?"
] | {
"text": [
"four"
],
"answer_start": [
283
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23273 | 5731b79a0fdd8d15006c6490 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson and James Madison's conceptions of separation have long been debated. Jefferson refused to issue Proclamations of Thanksgiving sent to him by Congress during his presidency, though he did issue a Thanksgiving and Prayer proclamation as Governor of Virginia. Madison issued four religious proclamations while Pr... | Where did both Jefferson and Madison attend religious services? | Where did both Jefferson and Madison attend religious services? | [
"Where did both Jefferson and Madison attend religious services?"
] | {
"text": [
"at the Capitol"
],
"answer_start": [
474
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23274 | 5731b79a0fdd8d15006c6491 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson and James Madison's conceptions of separation have long been debated. Jefferson refused to issue Proclamations of Thanksgiving sent to him by Congress during his presidency, though he did issue a Thanksgiving and Prayer proclamation as Governor of Virginia. Madison issued four religious proclamations while Pr... | What is essential to the purity of both religion and civil government? | What is essential to the purity of both religion and civil government? | [
"What is essential to the purity of both religion and civil government?"
] | {
"text": [
"practical distinction"
],
"answer_start": [
940
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23275 | 5ad13c20645df0001a2d1326 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson and James Madison's conceptions of separation have long been debated. Jefferson refused to issue Proclamations of Thanksgiving sent to him by Congress during his presidency, though he did issue a Thanksgiving and Prayer proclamation as Governor of Virginia. Madison issued four religious proclamations while Pr... | Whose conceptions of separation have long been agreed with? | Whose conceptions of separation have long been agreed with? | [
" Whose conceptions of separation have long been agreed with?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23276 | 5ad13c20645df0001a2d1327 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson and James Madison's conceptions of separation have long been debated. Jefferson refused to issue Proclamations of Thanksgiving sent to him by Congress during his presidency, though he did issue a Thanksgiving and Prayer proclamation as Governor of Virginia. Madison issued four religious proclamations while Pr... | What did Jefferson approve to issue, when it was sent to him by Congress during his presidency? | What did Jefferson approve to issue, when it was sent to him by Congress during his presidency? | [
"What did Jefferson approve to issue, when it was sent to him by Congress during his presidency?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23277 | 5ad13c20645df0001a2d1328 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson and James Madison's conceptions of separation have long been debated. Jefferson refused to issue Proclamations of Thanksgiving sent to him by Congress during his presidency, though he did issue a Thanksgiving and Prayer proclamation as Governor of Virginia. Madison issued four religious proclamations while Pr... | How many non-religious proclamations did Madison issue while President? | How many non-religious proclamations did Madison issue while President? | [
"How many non-religious proclamations did Madison issue while President?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23278 | 5731b868e17f3d1400422311 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson's opponents said his position was the destruction and the governmental rejection of Christianity, but this was a caricature. In setting up the University of Virginia, Jefferson encouraged all the separate sects to have preachers of their own, though there was a constitutional ban on the State supporting a Pro... | What did Jefferson's opponents accuse him of wanting to do to Christianity? | What did Jefferson's opponents accuse him of wanting to do to Christianity? | [
"What did Jefferson's opponents accuse him of wanting to do to Christianity? "
] | {
"text": [
"destruction"
],
"answer_start": [
48
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23279 | 5731b868e17f3d1400422312 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson's opponents said his position was the destruction and the governmental rejection of Christianity, but this was a caricature. In setting up the University of Virginia, Jefferson encouraged all the separate sects to have preachers of their own, though there was a constitutional ban on the State supporting a Pro... | What did Jefferson encourage the separate sects at the University of Virginia to have of their own? | What did Jefferson encourage the separate sects at the University of Virginia to have of their own? | [
"What did Jefferson encourage the separate sects at the University of Virginia to have of their own?"
] | {
"text": [
"preachers"
],
"answer_start": [
229
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23280 | 5731b868e17f3d1400422313 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson's opponents said his position was the destruction and the governmental rejection of Christianity, but this was a caricature. In setting up the University of Virginia, Jefferson encouraged all the separate sects to have preachers of their own, though there was a constitutional ban on the State supporting a Pro... | How was the state banned from supporting a Professorship of Divinity? | How was the state banned from supporting a Professorship of Divinity? | [
"How was the state banned from supporting a Professorship of Divinity?"
] | {
"text": [
"Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom"
],
"answer_start": [
365
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23281 | 5731b868e17f3d1400422314 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson's opponents said his position was the destruction and the governmental rejection of Christianity, but this was a caricature. In setting up the University of Virginia, Jefferson encouraged all the separate sects to have preachers of their own, though there was a constitutional ban on the State supporting a Pro... | What scheme did Jefferson apparently support when it came to University students? | What scheme did Jefferson apparently support when it came to University students? | [
"What scheme did Jefferson apparently support when it came to University students?"
] | {
"text": [
"attend religious worship each morning"
],
"answer_start": [
629
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23282 | 5731b868e17f3d1400422315 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson's opponents said his position was the destruction and the governmental rejection of Christianity, but this was a caricature. In setting up the University of Virginia, Jefferson encouraged all the separate sects to have preachers of their own, though there was a constitutional ban on the State supporting a Pro... | What does Mark David Hall think people focus on way too much? | What does Mark David Hall think people focus on way too much? | [
"What does Mark David Hall think people focus on way too much?"
] | {
"text": [
"one Jeffersonian letter"
],
"answer_start": [
889
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23283 | 5ad14079645df0001a2d13c0 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson's opponents said his position was the destruction and the governmental rejection of Christianity, but this was a caricature. In setting up the University of Virginia, Jefferson encouraged all the separate sects to have preachers of their own, though there was a constitutional ban on the State supporting a Pro... | What did Jefferson's opponents not accuse him of wanting to do to Christianity? | What did Jefferson's opponents not accuse him of wanting to do to Christianity? | [
"What did Jefferson's opponents not accuse him of wanting to do to Christianity?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23284 | 5ad14079645df0001a2d13c1 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson's opponents said his position was the destruction and the governmental rejection of Christianity, but this was a caricature. In setting up the University of Virginia, Jefferson encouraged all the separate sects to have preachers of their own, though there was a constitutional ban on the State supporting a Pro... | What did Jefferson discourage the separate sects at the University of Virginia to have of their own? | What did Jefferson discourage the separate sects at the University of Virginia to have of their own? | [
"What did Jefferson discourage the separate sects at the University of Virginia to have of their own?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23285 | 5ad14079645df0001a2d13c2 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson's opponents said his position was the destruction and the governmental rejection of Christianity, but this was a caricature. In setting up the University of Virginia, Jefferson encouraged all the separate sects to have preachers of their own, though there was a constitutional ban on the State supporting a Pro... | How was the state allowed to support a Professorship of Divinity? | How was the state allowed to support a Professorship of Divinity? | [
"How was the state allowed to support a Professorship of Divinity?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23286 | 5ad14079645df0001a2d13c3 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson's opponents said his position was the destruction and the governmental rejection of Christianity, but this was a caricature. In setting up the University of Virginia, Jefferson encouraged all the separate sects to have preachers of their own, though there was a constitutional ban on the State supporting a Pro... | What scheme did Jefferson reject when it came to University students? | What scheme did Jefferson reject when it came to University students? | [
"What scheme did Jefferson reject when it came to University students?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23287 | 5ad14079645df0001a2d13c4 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson's opponents said his position was the destruction and the governmental rejection of Christianity, but this was a caricature. In setting up the University of Virginia, Jefferson encouraged all the separate sects to have preachers of their own, though there was a constitutional ban on the State supporting a Pro... | What does Mark David Hall think people don't focus on enough? | What does Mark David Hall think people don't focus on enough? | [
" What does Mark David Hall think people don't focus on enough?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23288 | 5731b8f8e17f3d1400422325 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson's letter entered American jurisprudence in the 1878 Mormon polygamy case Reynolds v. U.S., in which the court cited Jefferson and Madison, seeking a legal definition for the word religion. Writing for the majority, Justice Stephen Johnson Field cited Jefferson's Letter to the Danbury Baptists to state that "C... | When did Jefferson's letter enter American jurisprudence? | When did Jefferson's letter enter American jurisprudence? | [
"When did Jefferson's letter enter American jurisprudence?"
] | {
"text": [
"1878"
],
"answer_start": [
57
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23289 | 5731b8f8e17f3d1400422326 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson's letter entered American jurisprudence in the 1878 Mormon polygamy case Reynolds v. U.S., in which the court cited Jefferson and Madison, seeking a legal definition for the word religion. Writing for the majority, Justice Stephen Johnson Field cited Jefferson's Letter to the Danbury Baptists to state that "C... | What was the case that used Jefferson's letter? | What was the case that used Jefferson's letter? | [
"What was the case that used Jefferson's letter?"
] | {
"text": [
"Reynolds v. U.S."
],
"answer_start": [
83
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23290 | 5731b8f8e17f3d1400422327 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson's letter entered American jurisprudence in the 1878 Mormon polygamy case Reynolds v. U.S., in which the court cited Jefferson and Madison, seeking a legal definition for the word religion. Writing for the majority, Justice Stephen Johnson Field cited Jefferson's Letter to the Danbury Baptists to state that "C... | What was the topic of Reynolds v. U.S.? | What was the topic of Reynolds v. U.S.? | [
"What was the topic of Reynolds v. U.S.?"
] | {
"text": [
"Mormon polygamy"
],
"answer_start": [
62
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23291 | 5731b8f8e17f3d1400422328 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson's letter entered American jurisprudence in the 1878 Mormon polygamy case Reynolds v. U.S., in which the court cited Jefferson and Madison, seeking a legal definition for the word religion. Writing for the majority, Justice Stephen Johnson Field cited Jefferson's Letter to the Danbury Baptists to state that "C... | What was the court seeking, in using Jefferson's letter? | What was the court seeking, in using Jefferson's letter? | [
"What was the court seeking, in using Jefferson's letter?"
] | {
"text": [
"legal definition for the word religion"
],
"answer_start": [
159
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23292 | 5731b8f8e17f3d1400422329 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson's letter entered American jurisprudence in the 1878 Mormon polygamy case Reynolds v. U.S., in which the court cited Jefferson and Madison, seeking a legal definition for the word religion. Writing for the majority, Justice Stephen Johnson Field cited Jefferson's Letter to the Danbury Baptists to state that "C... | What did the court rule outlawing polygamy was? | What did the court rule outlawing polygamy was? | [
"What did the court rule outlawing polygamy was?"
] | {
"text": [
"constitutional"
],
"answer_start": [
553
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23293 | 5ad140c8645df0001a2d13d2 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson's letter entered American jurisprudence in the 1878 Mormon polygamy case Reynolds v. U.S., in which the court cited Jefferson and Madison, seeking a legal definition for the word religion. Writing for the majority, Justice Stephen Johnson Field cited Jefferson's Letter to the Danbury Baptists to state that "C... | When did Jefferson's letter not enter American jurisprudence? | When did Jefferson's letter not enter American jurisprudence? | [
" When did Jefferson's letter not enter American jurisprudence?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23294 | 5ad140c8645df0001a2d13d3 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson's letter entered American jurisprudence in the 1878 Mormon polygamy case Reynolds v. U.S., in which the court cited Jefferson and Madison, seeking a legal definition for the word religion. Writing for the majority, Justice Stephen Johnson Field cited Jefferson's Letter to the Danbury Baptists to state that "C... | What was the case that denied Jefferson's letter? | What was the case that denied Jefferson's letter? | [
" What was the case that denied Jefferson's letter?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23295 | 5ad140c8645df0001a2d13d4 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson's letter entered American jurisprudence in the 1878 Mormon polygamy case Reynolds v. U.S., in which the court cited Jefferson and Madison, seeking a legal definition for the word religion. Writing for the majority, Justice Stephen Johnson Field cited Jefferson's Letter to the Danbury Baptists to state that "C... | What was the court seeking, in not using Jefferson's letter? | What was the court seeking, in not using Jefferson's letter? | [
" What was the court seeking, in not using Jefferson's letter?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23296 | 5ad140c8645df0001a2d13d5 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson's letter entered American jurisprudence in the 1878 Mormon polygamy case Reynolds v. U.S., in which the court cited Jefferson and Madison, seeking a legal definition for the word religion. Writing for the majority, Justice Stephen Johnson Field cited Jefferson's Letter to the Danbury Baptists to state that "C... | What was the topic of Meynolds v. U.S.? | What was the topic of Meynolds v. U.S.? | [
" What was the topic of Meynolds v. U.S.?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23297 | 5ad140c8645df0001a2d13d6 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson's letter entered American jurisprudence in the 1878 Mormon polygamy case Reynolds v. U.S., in which the court cited Jefferson and Madison, seeking a legal definition for the word religion. Writing for the majority, Justice Stephen Johnson Field cited Jefferson's Letter to the Danbury Baptists to state that "C... | What did the court rule not outlawing polygamy was? | What did the court rule not outlawing polygamy was? | [
"What did the court rule not outlawing polygamy was?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23298 | 5731b9d9b9d445190005e4c5 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson and Madison's approach was not the only one taken in the eighteenth century. Jefferson's Statute of Religious Freedom was drafted in opposition to a bill, chiefly supported by Patrick Henry, which would permit any Virginian to belong to any denomination, but which would require him to belong to some denominat... | What approach was not the only one taken in the 18th century? | What approach was not the only one taken in the 18th century? | [
"What approach was not the only one taken in the 18th century?"
] | {
"text": [
"Jefferson and Madison's"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23299 | 5731b9d9b9d445190005e4c6 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | Jefferson and Madison's approach was not the only one taken in the eighteenth century. Jefferson's Statute of Religious Freedom was drafted in opposition to a bill, chiefly supported by Patrick Henry, which would permit any Virginian to belong to any denomination, but which would require him to belong to some denominat... | What did Jefferson draft his Statute of Religious Freedom in opposition to? | What did Jefferson draft his Statute of Religious Freedom in opposition to? | [
"What did Jefferson draft his Statute of Religious Freedom in opposition to?"
] | {
"text": [
"a bill"
],
"answer_start": [
157
]
} |
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