gem_id stringlengths 20 25 | id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringlengths 3 59 | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 1 270 | target stringlengths 1 270 | references list | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gem-squad_v2-train-4400 | 56de0c0dcffd8e1900b4b57a | Institute_of_technology | The only technical university in Mauritius is the University of Technology, Mauritius with its main campus situated in La Tour Koenig, Pointe aux Sables. It has a specialized mission with a technology focus. It applies traditional and beyond traditional approaches to teaching, training, research and consultancy. The university has been founded with the aim to play a key role in the economic and social development of Mauritius through the development of programmes of direct relevance to the country’s needs, for example in areas like technology, sustainable development science, and public sector policy and management. | What's the name of Mauritius's sole technical university? | What's the name of Mauritius's sole technical university? | [
"What's the name of Mauritius's sole technical university?"
] | {
"text": [
"University of Technology, Mauritius"
],
"answer_start": [
50
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4401 | 56de0c0dcffd8e1900b4b57b | Institute_of_technology | The only technical university in Mauritius is the University of Technology, Mauritius with its main campus situated in La Tour Koenig, Pointe aux Sables. It has a specialized mission with a technology focus. It applies traditional and beyond traditional approaches to teaching, training, research and consultancy. The university has been founded with the aim to play a key role in the economic and social development of Mauritius through the development of programmes of direct relevance to the country’s needs, for example in areas like technology, sustainable development science, and public sector policy and management. | What's the focus of Mauritius's University of Technology's specialized mission? | What's the focus of Mauritius's University of Technology's specialized mission? | [
"What's the focus of Mauritius's University of Technology's specialized mission?"
] | {
"text": [
"technology"
],
"answer_start": [
190
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4402 | 56de0d34cffd8e1900b4b588 | Institute_of_technology | New Zealand polytechnics are established under the Education Act 1989 as amended, and are considered state-owned tertiary institutions along with universities, colleges of education, and wānanga; there is today often much crossover in courses and qualifications offered between all these types of Tertiary Education Institutions. Some have officially taken the title 'institute of technology' which is a term recognized in government strategies equal to that of the term 'polytechnic'. One has opted for the name 'Universal College of Learning' (UCOL), and another 'Unitec New Zealand'. These are legal names but not recognized terms like 'polytechnic' or 'institute of technology'. Many if not all now grant at least bachelor-level degrees. | What country considers their polytechnics, universities, and colleges state-owned institutions? | What country considers their polytechnics, universities, and colleges state-owned institutions? | [
"What country considers their polytechnics, universities, and colleges state-owned institutions?"
] | {
"text": [
"New Zealand"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4403 | 56de0d34cffd8e1900b4b589 | Institute_of_technology | New Zealand polytechnics are established under the Education Act 1989 as amended, and are considered state-owned tertiary institutions along with universities, colleges of education, and wānanga; there is today often much crossover in courses and qualifications offered between all these types of Tertiary Education Institutions. Some have officially taken the title 'institute of technology' which is a term recognized in government strategies equal to that of the term 'polytechnic'. One has opted for the name 'Universal College of Learning' (UCOL), and another 'Unitec New Zealand'. These are legal names but not recognized terms like 'polytechnic' or 'institute of technology'. Many if not all now grant at least bachelor-level degrees. | What does UCOL stand for? | What does UCOL stand for? | [
"What does UCOL stand for?"
] | {
"text": [
"Universal College of Learning"
],
"answer_start": [
514
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4404 | 56de0d34cffd8e1900b4b58a | Institute_of_technology | New Zealand polytechnics are established under the Education Act 1989 as amended, and are considered state-owned tertiary institutions along with universities, colleges of education, and wānanga; there is today often much crossover in courses and qualifications offered between all these types of Tertiary Education Institutions. Some have officially taken the title 'institute of technology' which is a term recognized in government strategies equal to that of the term 'polytechnic'. One has opted for the name 'Universal College of Learning' (UCOL), and another 'Unitec New Zealand'. These are legal names but not recognized terms like 'polytechnic' or 'institute of technology'. Many if not all now grant at least bachelor-level degrees. | In what year was the Education Act originally passed in New Zealand? | In what year was the Education Act originally passed in New Zealand? | [
"In what year was the Education Act originally passed in New Zealand?"
] | {
"text": [
"1989"
],
"answer_start": [
65
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4405 | 56de11834396321400ee25ad | Institute_of_technology | Since the 1990s, there has been consolidation in New Zealand's state-owned tertiary education system. In the polytechnic sector: Wellington Polytechnic amalgamated with Massey University. The Central Institute of Technology explored a merger with the Waikato Institute of Technology, which was abandoned, but later, after financial concerns, controversially amalgamated with Hutt Valley Polytechnic, which in turn became Wellington Institute of Technology. Some smaller polytechnics in the North Island, such as Waiarapa Polytechnic, amalgamated with UCOL. (The only other amalgamations have been in the colleges of education.) | What school did Massey University combine with? | What school did Massey University combine with? | [
"What school did Massey University combine with?"
] | {
"text": [
"Wellington Polytechnic"
],
"answer_start": [
129
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4406 | 56de11834396321400ee25ae | Institute_of_technology | Since the 1990s, there has been consolidation in New Zealand's state-owned tertiary education system. In the polytechnic sector: Wellington Polytechnic amalgamated with Massey University. The Central Institute of Technology explored a merger with the Waikato Institute of Technology, which was abandoned, but later, after financial concerns, controversially amalgamated with Hutt Valley Polytechnic, which in turn became Wellington Institute of Technology. Some smaller polytechnics in the North Island, such as Waiarapa Polytechnic, amalgamated with UCOL. (The only other amalgamations have been in the colleges of education.) | In what decade did New Zealand's tertiary education institutions begin consolidation? | In what decade did New Zealand's tertiary education institutions begin consolidation? | [
"In what decade did New Zealand's tertiary education institutions begin consolidation?"
] | {
"text": [
"1990s"
],
"answer_start": [
10
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4407 | 56de11834396321400ee25af | Institute_of_technology | Since the 1990s, there has been consolidation in New Zealand's state-owned tertiary education system. In the polytechnic sector: Wellington Polytechnic amalgamated with Massey University. The Central Institute of Technology explored a merger with the Waikato Institute of Technology, which was abandoned, but later, after financial concerns, controversially amalgamated with Hutt Valley Polytechnic, which in turn became Wellington Institute of Technology. Some smaller polytechnics in the North Island, such as Waiarapa Polytechnic, amalgamated with UCOL. (The only other amalgamations have been in the colleges of education.) | What school considered a merger with Waikato Institute of Technology that was later abandoned? | What school considered a merger with Waikato Institute of Technology that was later abandoned? | [
"What school considered a merger with Waikato Institute of Technology that was later abandoned?"
] | {
"text": [
"Central Institute of Technology"
],
"answer_start": [
192
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4408 | 56de11834396321400ee25b0 | Institute_of_technology | Since the 1990s, there has been consolidation in New Zealand's state-owned tertiary education system. In the polytechnic sector: Wellington Polytechnic amalgamated with Massey University. The Central Institute of Technology explored a merger with the Waikato Institute of Technology, which was abandoned, but later, after financial concerns, controversially amalgamated with Hutt Valley Polytechnic, which in turn became Wellington Institute of Technology. Some smaller polytechnics in the North Island, such as Waiarapa Polytechnic, amalgamated with UCOL. (The only other amalgamations have been in the colleges of education.) | What island was Waiarapa Polytechnic located on before it merged with UCOL? | What island was Waiarapa Polytechnic located on before it merged with UCOL? | [
"What island was Waiarapa Polytechnic located on before it merged with UCOL?"
] | {
"text": [
"North Island"
],
"answer_start": [
490
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4409 | 56de120b4396321400ee25b5 | Institute_of_technology | The Auckland University of Technology is the only polytechnic to have been elevated to university status; while Unitec has had repeated attempts blocked by government policy and consequent decisions; Unitec has not been able to convince the courts to overturn these decisions. | What's the only polytechnic school in New Zealand to be designated a university? | What's the only polytechnic school in New Zealand to be designated a university? | [
"What's the only polytechnic school in New Zealand to be designated a university?"
] | {
"text": [
"Auckland University of Technology"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4410 | 56de15cd4396321400ee25bd | Institute_of_technology | The Polytechnic institutes in Pakistan, offer a diploma spanning three years in different branches. Students are admitted to the diploma program based on their results in the 10th grade standardized exams. The main purpose of Polytechnic Institutes is to train people in various trades. | In Pakistan, a student's tests in what grade determine their admission to a diploma program? | In Pakistan, a student's tests in what grade determine their admission to a diploma program? | [
"In Pakistan, a student's tests in what grade determine their admission to a diploma program?"
] | {
"text": [
"10th"
],
"answer_start": [
175
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4411 | 56de15cd4396321400ee25be | Institute_of_technology | The Polytechnic institutes in Pakistan, offer a diploma spanning three years in different branches. Students are admitted to the diploma program based on their results in the 10th grade standardized exams. The main purpose of Polytechnic Institutes is to train people in various trades. | What are people being trained for, mainly, in Pakistan's polytechnic institutes? | What are people being trained for, mainly, in Pakistan's polytechnic institutes? | [
"What are people being trained for, mainly, in Pakistan's polytechnic institutes?"
] | {
"text": [
"trades"
],
"answer_start": [
279
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4412 | 56de15cd4396321400ee25bf | Institute_of_technology | The Polytechnic institutes in Pakistan, offer a diploma spanning three years in different branches. Students are admitted to the diploma program based on their results in the 10th grade standardized exams. The main purpose of Polytechnic Institutes is to train people in various trades. | How many years does it usually take to earn a diploma from polytechnic schools in Pakistan? | How many years does it usually take to earn a diploma from polytechnic schools in Pakistan? | [
"How many years does it usually take to earn a diploma from polytechnic schools in Pakistan?"
] | {
"text": [
"three"
],
"answer_start": [
65
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4413 | 56de16894396321400ee25c3 | Institute_of_technology | After successfully completing a diploma at a polytechnic, students can gain lateral entry to engineering degree (under graduate) courses called BE, which are conducted by engineering colleges affiliated to universities or University of Engineering & Technology or University of Engineering Sciences. | What two-letter abbreviation is used for undergraduate engineering courses? | What two-letter abbreviation is used for undergraduate engineering courses? | [
"What two-letter abbreviation is used for undergraduate engineering courses?"
] | {
"text": [
"BE"
],
"answer_start": [
144
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4414 | 56de1a2a4396321400ee25cd | Institute_of_technology | University of Engineering & Technology or University of Engineering Sciences are the recognized universities that grant Bachelor's and master's degrees in undergraduate and graduate studies respectively. The Bachelor of Science degree awarded by Universities of Engineering & Technology or University of Engineering Sciences are 4 years full-time program after finishing 13 years of education (international high school certificate) in Pakistan known as F.Sc equivalent to British system A-Level. | What's Pakistan's program called that's comparable to the British A Level? | What's Pakistan's program called that's comparable to the British A Level? | [
"What's Pakistan's program called that's comparable to the British A Level?"
] | {
"text": [
"F.Sc"
],
"answer_start": [
454
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4415 | 56de1ac34396321400ee25cf | Institute_of_technology | Politechnika (translated as a "technical university" or "university of technology") is a main kind of technical university name in Poland. There are some biggest Polytechnic in Poland: | What word do they use in Poland for an institute of technology? | What word do they use in Poland for an institute of technology? | [
"What word do they use in Poland for an institute of technology?"
] | {
"text": [
"Politechnika"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4416 | 56de49904396321400ee2780 | Institute_of_technology | The designation "Institute of Technology" is not applied at all, being meaningless in Portugal. However, there are higher education educational institutions in Portugal since the 1980s, which are called polytechnics. After 1998 they were upgraded to institutions which are allowed to confer bachelor's degrees (the Portuguese licenciatura). Before then, they only awarded short-cycle degrees which were known as bacharelatos and did not provide further education. After the Bologna Process in 2007, they have been allowed to offer 2nd cycle (master's) degrees to its students. The polytechnical higher education system provides a more practical training and is profession-oriented, while the university higher education system has a strong theoretical basis and is highly research-oriented. | What is the Portuguese word for the short-cycle degrees awarded prior to 1988? | What is the Portuguese word for the short-cycle degrees awarded prior to 1988? | [
"What is the Portuguese word for the short-cycle degrees awarded prior to 1988?"
] | {
"text": [
"bacharelatos"
],
"answer_start": [
412
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4417 | 56de49904396321400ee2781 | Institute_of_technology | The designation "Institute of Technology" is not applied at all, being meaningless in Portugal. However, there are higher education educational institutions in Portugal since the 1980s, which are called polytechnics. After 1998 they were upgraded to institutions which are allowed to confer bachelor's degrees (the Portuguese licenciatura). Before then, they only awarded short-cycle degrees which were known as bacharelatos and did not provide further education. After the Bologna Process in 2007, they have been allowed to offer 2nd cycle (master's) degrees to its students. The polytechnical higher education system provides a more practical training and is profession-oriented, while the university higher education system has a strong theoretical basis and is highly research-oriented. | What process was instituted in 2007 that brought Master's degrees to the polytechnic education system? | What process was instituted in 2007 that brought Master's degrees to the polytechnic education system? | [
"What process was instituted in 2007 that brought Master's degrees to the polytechnic education system?"
] | {
"text": [
"Bologna Process"
],
"answer_start": [
474
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4418 | 56de4affcffd8e1900b4b7c2 | Institute_of_technology | Polytechnics in Singapore provides industry oriented education equivalent to a junior college or sixth form college in the UK. Singapore retains a system similar but not the same as in the United Kingdom from 1970–1992, distinguishing between polytechnics and universities. Unlike the British Polytechnic (United Kingdom) system Singapore Polytechnics do not offer bachelors, masters or PhD degrees. Under this system, most Singaporean students sit for their O-Level examinations after a four or five years of education in secondary school, and apply for a place at either a technical school termed ITE, a polytechnic or a university-preparatory school (a junior college or the Millennia Institute, a centralized institute). Polytechnic graduates may be granted transfer credits when they apply to local and overseas universities, depending on the overall performance in their grades, as well as the university's policies on transfer credits. A few secondary schools are now offering six-year program which leads directly to university entrance. | What's the name of Singapore's centralized institute that students can attend before university? | What's the name of Singapore's centralized institute that students can attend before university? | [
"What's the name of Singapore's centralized institute that students can attend before university?"
] | {
"text": [
"Millennia Institute"
],
"answer_start": [
678
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4419 | 56de4b924396321400ee279d | Institute_of_technology | Polytechnics offer three-year diploma courses in fields such as information technology, engineering subjects and other vocational fields, like psychology and nursing. There are 5 polytechnics in Singapore. They are namely: | How many polytechnics are there in Singapore? | How many polytechnics are there in Singapore? | [
"How many polytechnics are there in Singapore?"
] | {
"text": [
"5"
],
"answer_start": [
177
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4420 | 56de4b924396321400ee279e | Institute_of_technology | Polytechnics offer three-year diploma courses in fields such as information technology, engineering subjects and other vocational fields, like psychology and nursing. There are 5 polytechnics in Singapore. They are namely: | How many years of study would it take to obtain a degree from a polytechnic in Singapore? | How many years of study would it take to obtain a degree from a polytechnic in Singapore? | [
"How many years of study would it take to obtain a degree from a polytechnic in Singapore?"
] | {
"text": [
"three"
],
"answer_start": [
19
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4421 | 56de4d9ecffd8e1900b4b7e1 | Institute_of_technology | The world's first institution of technology or technical university with tertiary technical education is the Banská Akadémia in Banská Štiavnica, Slovakia, founded in 1735, Academy since December 13, 1762 established by queen Maria Theresa in order to train specialists of silver and gold mining and metallurgy in neighbourhood. Teaching started in 1764. Later the department of Mathematics, Mechanics and Hydraulics and department of Forestry were settled. University buildings are still at their place today and are used for teaching. University has launched the first book of electrotechnics in the world. | What queen set up the Banská Akadémia? | What queen set up the Banská Akadémia? | [
"What queen set up the Banská Akadémia?"
] | {
"text": [
"queen Maria Theresa"
],
"answer_start": [
220
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4422 | 56de4d9ecffd8e1900b4b7e2 | Institute_of_technology | The world's first institution of technology or technical university with tertiary technical education is the Banská Akadémia in Banská Štiavnica, Slovakia, founded in 1735, Academy since December 13, 1762 established by queen Maria Theresa in order to train specialists of silver and gold mining and metallurgy in neighbourhood. Teaching started in 1764. Later the department of Mathematics, Mechanics and Hydraulics and department of Forestry were settled. University buildings are still at their place today and are used for teaching. University has launched the first book of electrotechnics in the world. | What year was the Banská Akadémia founded? | What year was the Banská Akadémia founded? | [
"What year was the Banská Akadémia founded?"
] | {
"text": [
"1735"
],
"answer_start": [
167
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4423 | 56de4d9ecffd8e1900b4b7e3 | Institute_of_technology | The world's first institution of technology or technical university with tertiary technical education is the Banská Akadémia in Banská Štiavnica, Slovakia, founded in 1735, Academy since December 13, 1762 established by queen Maria Theresa in order to train specialists of silver and gold mining and metallurgy in neighbourhood. Teaching started in 1764. Later the department of Mathematics, Mechanics and Hydraulics and department of Forestry were settled. University buildings are still at their place today and are used for teaching. University has launched the first book of electrotechnics in the world. | The Banská Akadémia was originally intended for training workers in what two precious metals? | The Banská Akadémia was originally intended for training workers in what two precious metals? | [
"The Banská Akadémia was originally intended for training workers in what two precious metals?"
] | {
"text": [
"silver and gold"
],
"answer_start": [
273
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4424 | 56de4d9ecffd8e1900b4b7e4 | Institute_of_technology | The world's first institution of technology or technical university with tertiary technical education is the Banská Akadémia in Banská Štiavnica, Slovakia, founded in 1735, Academy since December 13, 1762 established by queen Maria Theresa in order to train specialists of silver and gold mining and metallurgy in neighbourhood. Teaching started in 1764. Later the department of Mathematics, Mechanics and Hydraulics and department of Forestry were settled. University buildings are still at their place today and are used for teaching. University has launched the first book of electrotechnics in the world. | What year did teaching start at the Banská Akadémia? | What year did teaching start at the Banská Akadémia? | [
"What year did teaching start at the Banská Akadémia?"
] | {
"text": [
"1764"
],
"answer_start": [
349
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4425 | 56de4d9ecffd8e1900b4b7e5 | Institute_of_technology | The world's first institution of technology or technical university with tertiary technical education is the Banská Akadémia in Banská Štiavnica, Slovakia, founded in 1735, Academy since December 13, 1762 established by queen Maria Theresa in order to train specialists of silver and gold mining and metallurgy in neighbourhood. Teaching started in 1764. Later the department of Mathematics, Mechanics and Hydraulics and department of Forestry were settled. University buildings are still at their place today and are used for teaching. University has launched the first book of electrotechnics in the world. | What are the university buildings still standing at the Banská Akadémia used for now? | What are the university buildings still standing at the Banská Akadémia used for now? | [
"What are the university buildings still standing at the Banská Akadémia used for now?"
] | {
"text": [
"teaching"
],
"answer_start": [
527
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4426 | 56de4fd14396321400ee27d7 | Institute_of_technology | South Africa has completed a process of transforming its "higher education landscape". Historically a division has existed in South Africa between Universities and Technikons (polytechnics) as well between institutions servicing particular racial and language groupings. In 1993 Technikons were afforded the power to award certain technology degrees. | What are polytechnics called in South Africa? | What are polytechnics called in South Africa? | [
"What are polytechnics called in South Africa?"
] | {
"text": [
"Technikons"
],
"answer_start": [
164
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4427 | 56de4fd14396321400ee27d8 | Institute_of_technology | South Africa has completed a process of transforming its "higher education landscape". Historically a division has existed in South Africa between Universities and Technikons (polytechnics) as well between institutions servicing particular racial and language groupings. In 1993 Technikons were afforded the power to award certain technology degrees. | What year did Technikons gain the ability to give out technology degrees? | What year did Technikons gain the ability to give out technology degrees? | [
"What year did Technikons gain the ability to give out technology degrees?"
] | {
"text": [
"1993"
],
"answer_start": [
274
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4428 | 56de50decffd8e1900b4b7fb | Institute_of_technology | Beginning in 2004 former Technikons have either been merged with traditional Universities to form Comprehensive Universities or have become Universities of Technology, however the Universities of Technology have not to date acquired all of the traditional rights and privileges of a University (such as the ability to confer a wide range of degrees). | When did Technikons start being integrated with traditional South African universities? | When did Technikons start being integrated with traditional South African universities? | [
"When did Technikons start being integrated with traditional South African universities?"
] | {
"text": [
"2004"
],
"answer_start": [
13
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4429 | 56de523ccffd8e1900b4b808 | Institute_of_technology | Most of Thailand's institutes of technology were developed from technical colleges, in the past could not grant bachelor's degrees; today, however, they are university level institutions, some of which can grant degrees to the doctoral level. Examples are Pathumwan Institute of Technology (developed from Pathumwan Technical School), King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang (Nondhaburi Telecommunications Training Centre), and King Mongkut's Institute of Technology North Bangkok (Thai-German Technical School). | Most institutes of technology in Thailand were born out of what other type of institutions? | Most institutes of technology in Thailand were born out of what other type of institutions? | [
"Most institutes of technology in Thailand were born out of what other type of institutions?"
] | {
"text": [
"technical colleges"
],
"answer_start": [
64
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4430 | 56de523ccffd8e1900b4b809 | Institute_of_technology | Most of Thailand's institutes of technology were developed from technical colleges, in the past could not grant bachelor's degrees; today, however, they are university level institutions, some of which can grant degrees to the doctoral level. Examples are Pathumwan Institute of Technology (developed from Pathumwan Technical School), King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang (Nondhaburi Telecommunications Training Centre), and King Mongkut's Institute of Technology North Bangkok (Thai-German Technical School). | What type of degree were Thailand's technical colleges historically not allowed to confer? | What type of degree were Thailand's technical colleges historically not allowed to confer? | [
"What type of degree were Thailand's technical colleges historically not allowed to confer?"
] | {
"text": [
"bachelor's degrees"
],
"answer_start": [
112
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4431 | 56de523ccffd8e1900b4b80a | Institute_of_technology | Most of Thailand's institutes of technology were developed from technical colleges, in the past could not grant bachelor's degrees; today, however, they are university level institutions, some of which can grant degrees to the doctoral level. Examples are Pathumwan Institute of Technology (developed from Pathumwan Technical School), King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang (Nondhaburi Telecommunications Training Centre), and King Mongkut's Institute of Technology North Bangkok (Thai-German Technical School). | What's the new name of Pathumwan Technical School? | What's the new name of Pathumwan Technical School? | [
"What's the new name of Pathumwan Technical School?"
] | {
"text": [
"Pathumwan Institute of Technology"
],
"answer_start": [
256
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4432 | 56de52a24396321400ee2803 | Institute_of_technology | There are two former institutes of technology, which already changed their name to "University of Technology": Rajamangala University of Technology (formerly Institute of Technology and Vocational Education) and King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (Thonburi Technology Institute). | What did the Thonburi Technology Institute become after its name change? | What did the Thonburi Technology Institute become after its name change? | [
"What did the Thonburi Technology Institute become after its name change?"
] | {
"text": [
"King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi"
],
"answer_start": [
212
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4433 | 56de52a24396321400ee2804 | Institute_of_technology | There are two former institutes of technology, which already changed their name to "University of Technology": Rajamangala University of Technology (formerly Institute of Technology and Vocational Education) and King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (Thonburi Technology Institute). | What was the previous name of Rajamangala University of Technology? | What was the previous name of Rajamangala University of Technology? | [
"What was the previous name of Rajamangala University of Technology?"
] | {
"text": [
"Institute of Technology and Vocational Education"
],
"answer_start": [
158
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4434 | 56de55694396321400ee2815 | Institute_of_technology | Institutes of technology with different origins are Asian Institute of Technology, which developed from SEATO Graduate School of Engineering, and Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, an engineering school of Thammasat University. Suranaree University of Technology is the only government-owned technological university in Thailand that was established (1989) as such; while Mahanakorn University of Technology is the most well known private technological institute. Technology/Technical colleges in Thailand is associated with bitter rivalries which erupts into frequent off-campus brawls and assassinations of students in public locations that has been going on for nearly a decade, with innocent bystanders also commonly among the injured and the military under martial law still unable to stop them from occurring. | What is the name of Thammasat University's engineering school? | What is the name of Thammasat University's engineering school? | [
"What is the name of Thammasat University's engineering school?"
] | {
"text": [
"Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology"
],
"answer_start": [
146
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4435 | 56de55694396321400ee2816 | Institute_of_technology | Institutes of technology with different origins are Asian Institute of Technology, which developed from SEATO Graduate School of Engineering, and Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, an engineering school of Thammasat University. Suranaree University of Technology is the only government-owned technological university in Thailand that was established (1989) as such; while Mahanakorn University of Technology is the most well known private technological institute. Technology/Technical colleges in Thailand is associated with bitter rivalries which erupts into frequent off-campus brawls and assassinations of students in public locations that has been going on for nearly a decade, with innocent bystanders also commonly among the injured and the military under martial law still unable to stop them from occurring. | What is Thailand's only government-established and owned institute of technology? | What is Thailand's only government-established and owned institute of technology? | [
"What is Thailand's only government-established and owned institute of technology?"
] | {
"text": [
"Suranaree University of Technology"
],
"answer_start": [
243
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4436 | 56de55694396321400ee2817 | Institute_of_technology | Institutes of technology with different origins are Asian Institute of Technology, which developed from SEATO Graduate School of Engineering, and Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, an engineering school of Thammasat University. Suranaree University of Technology is the only government-owned technological university in Thailand that was established (1989) as such; while Mahanakorn University of Technology is the most well known private technological institute. Technology/Technical colleges in Thailand is associated with bitter rivalries which erupts into frequent off-campus brawls and assassinations of students in public locations that has been going on for nearly a decade, with innocent bystanders also commonly among the injured and the military under martial law still unable to stop them from occurring. | What year was Suranaree University of Technology founded? | What year was Suranaree University of Technology founded? | [
"What year was Suranaree University of Technology founded?"
] | {
"text": [
"1989"
],
"answer_start": [
366
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4437 | 56de55694396321400ee2818 | Institute_of_technology | Institutes of technology with different origins are Asian Institute of Technology, which developed from SEATO Graduate School of Engineering, and Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, an engineering school of Thammasat University. Suranaree University of Technology is the only government-owned technological university in Thailand that was established (1989) as such; while Mahanakorn University of Technology is the most well known private technological institute. Technology/Technical colleges in Thailand is associated with bitter rivalries which erupts into frequent off-campus brawls and assassinations of students in public locations that has been going on for nearly a decade, with innocent bystanders also commonly among the injured and the military under martial law still unable to stop them from occurring. | What is the name of the best-known private institute of technology in Thailand? | What is the name of the best-known private institute of technology in Thailand? | [
"What is the name of the best-known private institute of technology in Thailand?"
] | {
"text": [
"Mahanakorn University of Technology"
],
"answer_start": [
387
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4438 | 56de57394396321400ee282f | Institute_of_technology | In Turkey and the Ottoman Empire, the oldest technical university is Istanbul Technical University. Its graduates contributed to a wide variety of activities in scientific research and development. In 1950s, 2 technical universities were opened in Ankara and Trabzon. In recent years, Yildiz University is reorganized as Yildiz Technical University and 2 institutes of technology were founded in Kocaeli and Izmir. In 2010, another technical university named Bursa Technical University was founded in Bursa. Moreover, a sixth technical university is about to be opened in Konya named Konya Technical University. | What institute of technology opened in Bursa in 2010? | What institute of technology opened in Bursa in 2010? | [
"What institute of technology opened in Bursa in 2010?"
] | {
"text": [
"Bursa Technical University"
],
"answer_start": [
459
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4439 | 56de57394396321400ee2830 | Institute_of_technology | In Turkey and the Ottoman Empire, the oldest technical university is Istanbul Technical University. Its graduates contributed to a wide variety of activities in scientific research and development. In 1950s, 2 technical universities were opened in Ankara and Trabzon. In recent years, Yildiz University is reorganized as Yildiz Technical University and 2 institutes of technology were founded in Kocaeli and Izmir. In 2010, another technical university named Bursa Technical University was founded in Bursa. Moreover, a sixth technical university is about to be opened in Konya named Konya Technical University. | When Konya Technical University opens, how many total institutes of technology will there be in Turkey and the Ottoman Empire? | When Konya Technical University opens, how many total institutes of technology will there be in Turkey and the Ottoman Empire? | [
"When Konya Technical University opens, how many total institutes of technology will there be in Turkey and the Ottoman Empire?"
] | {
"text": [
"six"
],
"answer_start": [
520
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4440 | 56de57394396321400ee2831 | Institute_of_technology | In Turkey and the Ottoman Empire, the oldest technical university is Istanbul Technical University. Its graduates contributed to a wide variety of activities in scientific research and development. In 1950s, 2 technical universities were opened in Ankara and Trabzon. In recent years, Yildiz University is reorganized as Yildiz Technical University and 2 institutes of technology were founded in Kocaeli and Izmir. In 2010, another technical university named Bursa Technical University was founded in Bursa. Moreover, a sixth technical university is about to be opened in Konya named Konya Technical University. | What two cities in Turkey acquired institutes of technology in the 1950s? | What two cities in Turkey acquired institutes of technology in the 1950s? | [
"What two cities in Turkey acquired institutes of technology in the 1950s?"
] | {
"text": [
"Ankara and Trabzon"
],
"answer_start": [
248
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4441 | 56de59f24396321400ee2845 | Institute_of_technology | Polytechnics were tertiary education teaching institutions in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. Since 1970 UK Polytechnics operated under the binary system of education along with universities. Polytechnics offered diplomas and degrees (bachelor's, master's, PhD) validated at the national level by the UK Council for National Academic Awards CNAA. They particularly excelled in engineering and applied science degree courses similar to technological universities in the USA and continental Europe. The comparable institutions in Scotland were collectively referred to as Central Institutions. Britain's first Polytechnic, the Royal Polytechnic Institution later known as the Polytechnic of Central London (now the University of Westminster) was established in 1838 at Regent Street in London and its goal was to educate and popularize engineering and scientific knowledge and inventions in Victorian Britain "at little expense." The London Polytechnic led a mass movement to create numerous Polytechnic institutes across the UK in the late 19th Century. Most Polytechnic institutes were established at the centre of major metropolitan cities and their focus was on engineering, applied science and technology education. | What year did UK polytechnics start functioning in a binary education system? | What year did UK polytechnics start functioning in a binary education system? | [
"What year did UK polytechnics start functioning in a binary education system?"
] | {
"text": [
"1970"
],
"answer_start": [
105
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4442 | 56de59f24396321400ee2846 | Institute_of_technology | Polytechnics were tertiary education teaching institutions in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. Since 1970 UK Polytechnics operated under the binary system of education along with universities. Polytechnics offered diplomas and degrees (bachelor's, master's, PhD) validated at the national level by the UK Council for National Academic Awards CNAA. They particularly excelled in engineering and applied science degree courses similar to technological universities in the USA and continental Europe. The comparable institutions in Scotland were collectively referred to as Central Institutions. Britain's first Polytechnic, the Royal Polytechnic Institution later known as the Polytechnic of Central London (now the University of Westminster) was established in 1838 at Regent Street in London and its goal was to educate and popularize engineering and scientific knowledge and inventions in Victorian Britain "at little expense." The London Polytechnic led a mass movement to create numerous Polytechnic institutes across the UK in the late 19th Century. Most Polytechnic institutes were established at the centre of major metropolitan cities and their focus was on engineering, applied science and technology education. | What organization validates degrees received from polytechnic schools? | What organization validates degrees received from polytechnic schools? | [
"What organization validates degrees received from polytechnic schools?"
] | {
"text": [
"the UK Council for National Academic Awards"
],
"answer_start": [
302
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4443 | 56de59f24396321400ee2847 | Institute_of_technology | Polytechnics were tertiary education teaching institutions in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. Since 1970 UK Polytechnics operated under the binary system of education along with universities. Polytechnics offered diplomas and degrees (bachelor's, master's, PhD) validated at the national level by the UK Council for National Academic Awards CNAA. They particularly excelled in engineering and applied science degree courses similar to technological universities in the USA and continental Europe. The comparable institutions in Scotland were collectively referred to as Central Institutions. Britain's first Polytechnic, the Royal Polytechnic Institution later known as the Polytechnic of Central London (now the University of Westminster) was established in 1838 at Regent Street in London and its goal was to educate and popularize engineering and scientific knowledge and inventions in Victorian Britain "at little expense." The London Polytechnic led a mass movement to create numerous Polytechnic institutes across the UK in the late 19th Century. Most Polytechnic institutes were established at the centre of major metropolitan cities and their focus was on engineering, applied science and technology education. | What two-word term does Scotland use to describe their technological universities? | What two-word term does Scotland use to describe their technological universities? | [
"What two-word term does Scotland use to describe their technological universities?"
] | {
"text": [
"Central Institutions"
],
"answer_start": [
575
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4444 | 56de59f24396321400ee2848 | Institute_of_technology | Polytechnics were tertiary education teaching institutions in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. Since 1970 UK Polytechnics operated under the binary system of education along with universities. Polytechnics offered diplomas and degrees (bachelor's, master's, PhD) validated at the national level by the UK Council for National Academic Awards CNAA. They particularly excelled in engineering and applied science degree courses similar to technological universities in the USA and continental Europe. The comparable institutions in Scotland were collectively referred to as Central Institutions. Britain's first Polytechnic, the Royal Polytechnic Institution later known as the Polytechnic of Central London (now the University of Westminster) was established in 1838 at Regent Street in London and its goal was to educate and popularize engineering and scientific knowledge and inventions in Victorian Britain "at little expense." The London Polytechnic led a mass movement to create numerous Polytechnic institutes across the UK in the late 19th Century. Most Polytechnic institutes were established at the centre of major metropolitan cities and their focus was on engineering, applied science and technology education. | What was the first polytechnic in Britain originally named? | What was the first polytechnic in Britain originally named? | [
"What was the first polytechnic in Britain originally named?"
] | {
"text": [
"Royal Polytechnic Institution"
],
"answer_start": [
630
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4445 | 56de5ba04396321400ee284d | Institute_of_technology | In 1956, some colleges of technology received the designation College of Advanced Technology. They became universities in the 1960s meaning they could award their own degrees. The designation "Institute of Technology" was occasionally used by polytechnics (Bolton), Central Institutions (Dundee, Robert Gordon's), and postgraduate universities, (Cranfield and Wessex), most of which later adopted the designation University, and there were two "Institutes of Science and Technology": UMIST and UWIST, part of the University of Wales. Loughborough University was called Loughborough University of Technology from 1966 to 1996, the only institution in the UK to have had such a designation. | How many Institutes of Science and Technology were affiliated with the University of Wales? | How many Institutes of Science and Technology were affiliated with the University of Wales? | [
"How many Institutes of Science and Technology were affiliated with the University of Wales?"
] | {
"text": [
"two"
],
"answer_start": [
440
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4446 | 56de5ba04396321400ee284e | Institute_of_technology | In 1956, some colleges of technology received the designation College of Advanced Technology. They became universities in the 1960s meaning they could award their own degrees. The designation "Institute of Technology" was occasionally used by polytechnics (Bolton), Central Institutions (Dundee, Robert Gordon's), and postgraduate universities, (Cranfield and Wessex), most of which later adopted the designation University, and there were two "Institutes of Science and Technology": UMIST and UWIST, part of the University of Wales. Loughborough University was called Loughborough University of Technology from 1966 to 1996, the only institution in the UK to have had such a designation. | What was the name Loughborough University was known by from 1966 to 1996? | What was the name Loughborough University was known by from 1966 to 1996? | [
"What was the name Loughborough University was known by from 1966 to 1996?"
] | {
"text": [
"Loughborough University of Technology"
],
"answer_start": [
569
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4447 | 56de5ba04396321400ee284f | Institute_of_technology | In 1956, some colleges of technology received the designation College of Advanced Technology. They became universities in the 1960s meaning they could award their own degrees. The designation "Institute of Technology" was occasionally used by polytechnics (Bolton), Central Institutions (Dundee, Robert Gordon's), and postgraduate universities, (Cranfield and Wessex), most of which later adopted the designation University, and there were two "Institutes of Science and Technology": UMIST and UWIST, part of the University of Wales. Loughborough University was called Loughborough University of Technology from 1966 to 1996, the only institution in the UK to have had such a designation. | In what decade did colleges of technology gain the University designation? | In what decade did colleges of technology gain the University designation? | [
"In what decade did colleges of technology gain the University designation?"
] | {
"text": [
"1960s"
],
"answer_start": [
126
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4448 | 56de5c204396321400ee2853 | Institute_of_technology | Polytechnics were granted university status under the Further and Higher Education Act 1992. This meant that Polytechnics could confer degrees without the oversight of the national CNAA organization. These institutions are sometimes referred to as post-1992 universities. | What act allowed polytechnic schools to become universities? | What act allowed polytechnic schools to become universities? | [
"What act allowed polytechnic schools to become universities?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Further and Higher Education Act 1992"
],
"answer_start": [
50
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4449 | 56de5c204396321400ee2854 | Institute_of_technology | Polytechnics were granted university status under the Further and Higher Education Act 1992. This meant that Polytechnics could confer degrees without the oversight of the national CNAA organization. These institutions are sometimes referred to as post-1992 universities. | The Further and Higher Education Act 1992 allows polytechnics to award degrees without what organization's approval? | The Further and Higher Education Act 1992 allows polytechnics to award degrees without what organization's approval? | [
"The Further and Higher Education Act 1992 allows polytechnics to award degrees without what organization's approval?"
] | {
"text": [
"CNAA"
],
"answer_start": [
181
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4450 | 56de5d2a4396321400ee2857 | Institute_of_technology | Schools called "technical institute" or "technical school" that were formed in the early 20th century provided further education between high school and University or Polytechnic. Most technical institutes have been merged into regional colleges and some have been designated university colleges if they are associated with a local university. | If a technical institute is affiliated with a local university, what does its designation become? | If a technical institute is affiliated with a local university, what does its designation become? | [
"If a technical institute is affiliated with a local university, what does its designation become?"
] | {
"text": [
"university colleges"
],
"answer_start": [
276
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4451 | 56de5d2a4396321400ee2858 | Institute_of_technology | Schools called "technical institute" or "technical school" that were formed in the early 20th century provided further education between high school and University or Polytechnic. Most technical institutes have been merged into regional colleges and some have been designated university colleges if they are associated with a local university. | What century brought the advent of technical schools or technical institutes? | What century brought the advent of technical schools or technical institutes? | [
"What century brought the advent of technical schools or technical institutes?"
] | {
"text": [
"20th century"
],
"answer_start": [
89
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4452 | 56de5d2a4396321400ee2859 | Institute_of_technology | Schools called "technical institute" or "technical school" that were formed in the early 20th century provided further education between high school and University or Polytechnic. Most technical institutes have been merged into regional colleges and some have been designated university colleges if they are associated with a local university. | A student would attend a technical institute before a university or polytechnic but after what? | A student would attend a technical institute before a university or polytechnic but after what? | [
"A student would attend a technical institute before a university or polytechnic but after what?"
] | {
"text": [
"high school"
],
"answer_start": [
137
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4453 | 56de5e5b4396321400ee285d | Institute_of_technology | Polytechnic Institutes are technological universities, many dating back to the mid-19th century. A handful of world-renowned Elite American universities include the phrases "Institute of Technology", "Polytechnic Institute", "Polytechnic University", or similar phrasing in their names; these are generally research-intensive universities with a focus on engineering, science and technology. The earliest and most famous of these institutions are, respectively, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI, 1824), New York University Tandon School of Engineering (1854) and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT, 1861). Conversely, schools dubbed "technical colleges" or "technical institutes" generally provide post-secondary training in technical and mechanical fields, focusing on training vocational skills primarily at a community college level—parallel and sometimes equivalent to the first two years at a bachelor's degree-granting institution. | In what year was Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute founded? | In what year was Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute founded? | [
"In what year was Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute founded?"
] | {
"text": [
"1824"
],
"answer_start": [
501
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4454 | 56de5e5b4396321400ee285e | Institute_of_technology | Polytechnic Institutes are technological universities, many dating back to the mid-19th century. A handful of world-renowned Elite American universities include the phrases "Institute of Technology", "Polytechnic Institute", "Polytechnic University", or similar phrasing in their names; these are generally research-intensive universities with a focus on engineering, science and technology. The earliest and most famous of these institutions are, respectively, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI, 1824), New York University Tandon School of Engineering (1854) and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT, 1861). Conversely, schools dubbed "technical colleges" or "technical institutes" generally provide post-secondary training in technical and mechanical fields, focusing on training vocational skills primarily at a community college level—parallel and sometimes equivalent to the first two years at a bachelor's degree-granting institution. | Which of the three earliest technological universities was founded most recently, in 1861? | Which of the three earliest technological universities was founded most recently, in 1861? | [
"Which of the three earliest technological universities was founded most recently, in 1861?"
] | {
"text": [
"Massachusetts Institute of Technology"
],
"answer_start": [
572
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4455 | 56de5ef44396321400ee2861 | Institute_of_technology | Institutes of technology in Venezuela were developed in the 1950s as an option for post-secondary education in technical and scientific courses, after the polytechnic French concepts. At that time, technical education was considered essential for the development of a sound middle class economy. | What type of economy was technical education in Venezuela intended to support? | What type of economy was technical education in Venezuela intended to support? | [
"What type of economy was technical education in Venezuela intended to support?"
] | {
"text": [
"middle class"
],
"answer_start": [
274
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4456 | 56de5ef44396321400ee2862 | Institute_of_technology | Institutes of technology in Venezuela were developed in the 1950s as an option for post-secondary education in technical and scientific courses, after the polytechnic French concepts. At that time, technical education was considered essential for the development of a sound middle class economy. | When did Venezuela begin to create institutes of technology? | When did Venezuela begin to create institutes of technology? | [
"When did Venezuela begin to create institutes of technology?"
] | {
"text": [
"1950s"
],
"answer_start": [
60
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4457 | 56de5fbccffd8e1900b4b834 | Institute_of_technology | Most of these institutes award diplomas after three or three and a half years of education. The Institute of technology implementation (IUT from Instituto universitario de tecnologia on Spanish) began with the creation of the first IUT at Caracas, capital city of Venezuela, called IUT. Dr. Federico Rivero Palacio adopted the French "Institut Universitaire de Technologie"s system, using French personnel and study system based on three-year periods, with research and engineering facilities at the same level as the main national universities to obtain French equivalent degrees. This IUT is the first and only one in Venezuela having French equivalent degrees accepted, implementing this system and observing the high-level degrees some other IUT's were created in Venezuela, regardless of this the term IUT was not used appropriately resulting in some institutions with mediocre quality and no equivalent degree in France. Later, some private institutions sprang up using IUT in their names, but they are not regulated by the original French system and award lower quality degrees. | What city in Venezuela had the first IUT? | What city in Venezuela had the first IUT? | [
"What city in Venezuela had the first IUT?"
] | {
"text": [
"Caracas"
],
"answer_start": [
239
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4458 | 56de5fbccffd8e1900b4b835 | Institute_of_technology | Most of these institutes award diplomas after three or three and a half years of education. The Institute of technology implementation (IUT from Instituto universitario de tecnologia on Spanish) began with the creation of the first IUT at Caracas, capital city of Venezuela, called IUT. Dr. Federico Rivero Palacio adopted the French "Institut Universitaire de Technologie"s system, using French personnel and study system based on three-year periods, with research and engineering facilities at the same level as the main national universities to obtain French equivalent degrees. This IUT is the first and only one in Venezuela having French equivalent degrees accepted, implementing this system and observing the high-level degrees some other IUT's were created in Venezuela, regardless of this the term IUT was not used appropriately resulting in some institutions with mediocre quality and no equivalent degree in France. Later, some private institutions sprang up using IUT in their names, but they are not regulated by the original French system and award lower quality degrees. | Who pioneered using the French system of technological education? | Who pioneered using the French system of technological education? | [
"Who pioneered using the French system of technological education?"
] | {
"text": [
"Dr. Federico Rivero Palacio"
],
"answer_start": [
287
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4459 | 5727f0e92ca10214002d9a0e | Pope_John_XXIII | Pope Saint John XXIII (Latin: Ioannes XXIII; Italian: Giovanni XXIII) born Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli,[a] Italian pronunciation: [ˈandʒelo dʒuˈzɛppe roŋˈkalli]; 25 November 1881 – 3 June 1963) reigned as Pope from 28 October 1958 to his death in 1963 and was canonized on 27 April 2014. Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli was the fourth of fourteen children born to a family of sharecroppers who lived in a village in Lombardy. He was ordained to the priesthood on 10 August 1904 and served in a number of posts, including papal nuncio in France and a delegate to Bulgaria, Greece and Turkey. In a consistory on 12 January 1953 Pope Pius XII made Roncalli a cardinal as the Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prisca in addition to naming him as the Patriarch of Venice. | What was Pope Saint John XXIII's birth name? | What was Pope Saint John XXIII's birth name? | [
"What was Pope Saint John XXIII's birth name?"
] | {
"text": [
"Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli"
],
"answer_start": [
75
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4460 | 5727f0e92ca10214002d9a0f | Pope_John_XXIII | Pope Saint John XXIII (Latin: Ioannes XXIII; Italian: Giovanni XXIII) born Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli,[a] Italian pronunciation: [ˈandʒelo dʒuˈzɛppe roŋˈkalli]; 25 November 1881 – 3 June 1963) reigned as Pope from 28 October 1958 to his death in 1963 and was canonized on 27 April 2014. Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli was the fourth of fourteen children born to a family of sharecroppers who lived in a village in Lombardy. He was ordained to the priesthood on 10 August 1904 and served in a number of posts, including papal nuncio in France and a delegate to Bulgaria, Greece and Turkey. In a consistory on 12 January 1953 Pope Pius XII made Roncalli a cardinal as the Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prisca in addition to naming him as the Patriarch of Venice. | When was Pope Saint John XXIII born? | When was Pope Saint John XXIII born? | [
"When was Pope Saint John XXIII born?"
] | {
"text": [
"25 November 1881"
],
"answer_start": [
159
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4461 | 5727f0e92ca10214002d9a10 | Pope_John_XXIII | Pope Saint John XXIII (Latin: Ioannes XXIII; Italian: Giovanni XXIII) born Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli,[a] Italian pronunciation: [ˈandʒelo dʒuˈzɛppe roŋˈkalli]; 25 November 1881 – 3 June 1963) reigned as Pope from 28 October 1958 to his death in 1963 and was canonized on 27 April 2014. Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli was the fourth of fourteen children born to a family of sharecroppers who lived in a village in Lombardy. He was ordained to the priesthood on 10 August 1904 and served in a number of posts, including papal nuncio in France and a delegate to Bulgaria, Greece and Turkey. In a consistory on 12 January 1953 Pope Pius XII made Roncalli a cardinal as the Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prisca in addition to naming him as the Patriarch of Venice. | When did Pope Saint XXIII die? | When did Pope Saint XXIII die? | [
"When did Pope Saint XXIII die?"
] | {
"text": [
"3 June 1963"
],
"answer_start": [
178
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4462 | 5727f0e92ca10214002d9a11 | Pope_John_XXIII | Pope Saint John XXIII (Latin: Ioannes XXIII; Italian: Giovanni XXIII) born Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli,[a] Italian pronunciation: [ˈandʒelo dʒuˈzɛppe roŋˈkalli]; 25 November 1881 – 3 June 1963) reigned as Pope from 28 October 1958 to his death in 1963 and was canonized on 27 April 2014. Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli was the fourth of fourteen children born to a family of sharecroppers who lived in a village in Lombardy. He was ordained to the priesthood on 10 August 1904 and served in a number of posts, including papal nuncio in France and a delegate to Bulgaria, Greece and Turkey. In a consistory on 12 January 1953 Pope Pius XII made Roncalli a cardinal as the Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prisca in addition to naming him as the Patriarch of Venice. | How long did he reign as Pope? | How long did he reign as Pope? | [
"How long did he reign as Pope?"
] | {
"text": [
"28 October 1958 to his death in 1963"
],
"answer_start": [
212
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4463 | 5727f0e92ca10214002d9a12 | Pope_John_XXIII | Pope Saint John XXIII (Latin: Ioannes XXIII; Italian: Giovanni XXIII) born Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli,[a] Italian pronunciation: [ˈandʒelo dʒuˈzɛppe roŋˈkalli]; 25 November 1881 – 3 June 1963) reigned as Pope from 28 October 1958 to his death in 1963 and was canonized on 27 April 2014. Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli was the fourth of fourteen children born to a family of sharecroppers who lived in a village in Lombardy. He was ordained to the priesthood on 10 August 1904 and served in a number of posts, including papal nuncio in France and a delegate to Bulgaria, Greece and Turkey. In a consistory on 12 January 1953 Pope Pius XII made Roncalli a cardinal as the Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prisca in addition to naming him as the Patriarch of Venice. | When was he ordained to the priesthood? | When was he ordained to the priesthood? | [
"When was he ordained to the priesthood?"
] | {
"text": [
"10 August 1904"
],
"answer_start": [
453
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4464 | 5a60f519e9e1cc001a33cdca | Pope_John_XXIII | Pope Saint John XXIII (Latin: Ioannes XXIII; Italian: Giovanni XXIII) born Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli,[a] Italian pronunciation: [ˈandʒelo dʒuˈzɛppe roŋˈkalli]; 25 November 1881 – 3 June 1963) reigned as Pope from 28 October 1958 to his death in 1963 and was canonized on 27 April 2014. Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli was the fourth of fourteen children born to a family of sharecroppers who lived in a village in Lombardy. He was ordained to the priesthood on 10 August 1904 and served in a number of posts, including papal nuncio in France and a delegate to Bulgaria, Greece and Turkey. In a consistory on 12 January 1953 Pope Pius XII made Roncalli a cardinal as the Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prisca in addition to naming him as the Patriarch of Venice. | When was Pope Pius XII born? | When was Pope Pius XII born? | [
"When was Pope Pius XII born?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4465 | 5a60f519e9e1cc001a33cdcb | Pope_John_XXIII | Pope Saint John XXIII (Latin: Ioannes XXIII; Italian: Giovanni XXIII) born Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli,[a] Italian pronunciation: [ˈandʒelo dʒuˈzɛppe roŋˈkalli]; 25 November 1881 – 3 June 1963) reigned as Pope from 28 October 1958 to his death in 1963 and was canonized on 27 April 2014. Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli was the fourth of fourteen children born to a family of sharecroppers who lived in a village in Lombardy. He was ordained to the priesthood on 10 August 1904 and served in a number of posts, including papal nuncio in France and a delegate to Bulgaria, Greece and Turkey. In a consistory on 12 January 1953 Pope Pius XII made Roncalli a cardinal as the Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prisca in addition to naming him as the Patriarch of Venice. | When did Pope Pius XII die? | When did Pope Pius XII die? | [
"When did Pope Pius XII die?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4466 | 5a60f519e9e1cc001a33cdcc | Pope_John_XXIII | Pope Saint John XXIII (Latin: Ioannes XXIII; Italian: Giovanni XXIII) born Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli,[a] Italian pronunciation: [ˈandʒelo dʒuˈzɛppe roŋˈkalli]; 25 November 1881 – 3 June 1963) reigned as Pope from 28 October 1958 to his death in 1963 and was canonized on 27 April 2014. Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli was the fourth of fourteen children born to a family of sharecroppers who lived in a village in Lombardy. He was ordained to the priesthood on 10 August 1904 and served in a number of posts, including papal nuncio in France and a delegate to Bulgaria, Greece and Turkey. In a consistory on 12 January 1953 Pope Pius XII made Roncalli a cardinal as the Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prisca in addition to naming him as the Patriarch of Venice. | How long did Pope Pius XII reign as Pope? | How long did Pope Pius XII reign as Pope? | [
"How long did Pope Pius XII reign as Pope?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4467 | 5a60f519e9e1cc001a33cdcd | Pope_John_XXIII | Pope Saint John XXIII (Latin: Ioannes XXIII; Italian: Giovanni XXIII) born Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli,[a] Italian pronunciation: [ˈandʒelo dʒuˈzɛppe roŋˈkalli]; 25 November 1881 – 3 June 1963) reigned as Pope from 28 October 1958 to his death in 1963 and was canonized on 27 April 2014. Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli was the fourth of fourteen children born to a family of sharecroppers who lived in a village in Lombardy. He was ordained to the priesthood on 10 August 1904 and served in a number of posts, including papal nuncio in France and a delegate to Bulgaria, Greece and Turkey. In a consistory on 12 January 1953 Pope Pius XII made Roncalli a cardinal as the Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prisca in addition to naming him as the Patriarch of Venice. | When was Pope Pius XII canonized? | When was Pope Pius XII canonized? | [
"When was Pope Pius XII canonized?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4468 | 5a60f519e9e1cc001a33cdce | Pope_John_XXIII | Pope Saint John XXIII (Latin: Ioannes XXIII; Italian: Giovanni XXIII) born Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli,[a] Italian pronunciation: [ˈandʒelo dʒuˈzɛppe roŋˈkalli]; 25 November 1881 – 3 June 1963) reigned as Pope from 28 October 1958 to his death in 1963 and was canonized on 27 April 2014. Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli was the fourth of fourteen children born to a family of sharecroppers who lived in a village in Lombardy. He was ordained to the priesthood on 10 August 1904 and served in a number of posts, including papal nuncio in France and a delegate to Bulgaria, Greece and Turkey. In a consistory on 12 January 1953 Pope Pius XII made Roncalli a cardinal as the Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prisca in addition to naming him as the Patriarch of Venice. | What was the birth name of Pope Pius XII? | What was the birth name of Pope Pius XII? | [
"What was the birth name of Pope Pius XII?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4469 | 5727f4f83acd2414000df0c3 | Pope_John_XXIII | Roncalli was elected pope on 28 October 1958 at age 76 after 11 ballots. His selection was unexpected, and Roncalli himself had come to Rome with a return train ticket to Venice. He was the first pope to take the pontifical name of "John" upon election in more than 500 years, and his choice settled the complicated question of official numbering attached to this papal name due to the antipope of this name. Pope John XXIII surprised those who expected him to be a caretaker pope by calling the historic Second Vatican Council (1962–65), the first session opening on 11 October 1962. His passionate views on equality were summed up in his famous statement, "We were all made in God's image, and thus, we are all Godly alike." John XXIII made many passionate speeches during his pontificate, one of which was on the day that he opened the Second Vatican Council in the middle of the night to the crowd gathered in St. Peter's Square: "Dear children, returning home, you will find children: give your children a hug and say: This is a hug from the Pope!" | How old was Roncalli when elected pope? | How old was Roncalli when elected pope? | [
"How old was Roncalli when elected pope?"
] | {
"text": [
"76"
],
"answer_start": [
52
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4470 | 5727f4f83acd2414000df0c4 | Pope_John_XXIII | Roncalli was elected pope on 28 October 1958 at age 76 after 11 ballots. His selection was unexpected, and Roncalli himself had come to Rome with a return train ticket to Venice. He was the first pope to take the pontifical name of "John" upon election in more than 500 years, and his choice settled the complicated question of official numbering attached to this papal name due to the antipope of this name. Pope John XXIII surprised those who expected him to be a caretaker pope by calling the historic Second Vatican Council (1962–65), the first session opening on 11 October 1962. His passionate views on equality were summed up in his famous statement, "We were all made in God's image, and thus, we are all Godly alike." John XXIII made many passionate speeches during his pontificate, one of which was on the day that he opened the Second Vatican Council in the middle of the night to the crowd gathered in St. Peter's Square: "Dear children, returning home, you will find children: give your children a hug and say: This is a hug from the Pope!" | When was Roncalli elected pope? | When was Roncalli elected pope? | [
"When was Roncalli elected pope?"
] | {
"text": [
"28 October 1958"
],
"answer_start": [
29
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4471 | 5727f4f83acd2414000df0c5 | Pope_John_XXIII | Roncalli was elected pope on 28 October 1958 at age 76 after 11 ballots. His selection was unexpected, and Roncalli himself had come to Rome with a return train ticket to Venice. He was the first pope to take the pontifical name of "John" upon election in more than 500 years, and his choice settled the complicated question of official numbering attached to this papal name due to the antipope of this name. Pope John XXIII surprised those who expected him to be a caretaker pope by calling the historic Second Vatican Council (1962–65), the first session opening on 11 October 1962. His passionate views on equality were summed up in his famous statement, "We were all made in God's image, and thus, we are all Godly alike." John XXIII made many passionate speeches during his pontificate, one of which was on the day that he opened the Second Vatican Council in the middle of the night to the crowd gathered in St. Peter's Square: "Dear children, returning home, you will find children: give your children a hug and say: This is a hug from the Pope!" | He was the first pope to take the pontifical name of "John" upon election in how long? | He was the first pope to take the pontifical name of "John" upon election in how long? | [
"He was the first pope to take the pontifical name of \"John\" upon election in how long?"
] | {
"text": [
"500 years"
],
"answer_start": [
266
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4472 | 5727f4f83acd2414000df0c6 | Pope_John_XXIII | Roncalli was elected pope on 28 October 1958 at age 76 after 11 ballots. His selection was unexpected, and Roncalli himself had come to Rome with a return train ticket to Venice. He was the first pope to take the pontifical name of "John" upon election in more than 500 years, and his choice settled the complicated question of official numbering attached to this papal name due to the antipope of this name. Pope John XXIII surprised those who expected him to be a caretaker pope by calling the historic Second Vatican Council (1962–65), the first session opening on 11 October 1962. His passionate views on equality were summed up in his famous statement, "We were all made in God's image, and thus, we are all Godly alike." John XXIII made many passionate speeches during his pontificate, one of which was on the day that he opened the Second Vatican Council in the middle of the night to the crowd gathered in St. Peter's Square: "Dear children, returning home, you will find children: give your children a hug and say: This is a hug from the Pope!" | Pope John XXIII surprised those who expected him to be a caretaker pope by calling what? | Pope John XXIII surprised those who expected him to be a caretaker pope by calling what? | [
"Pope John XXIII surprised those who expected him to be a caretaker pope by calling what?"
] | {
"text": [
"Second Vatican Council"
],
"answer_start": [
505
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4473 | 5727f4f83acd2414000df0c7 | Pope_John_XXIII | Roncalli was elected pope on 28 October 1958 at age 76 after 11 ballots. His selection was unexpected, and Roncalli himself had come to Rome with a return train ticket to Venice. He was the first pope to take the pontifical name of "John" upon election in more than 500 years, and his choice settled the complicated question of official numbering attached to this papal name due to the antipope of this name. Pope John XXIII surprised those who expected him to be a caretaker pope by calling the historic Second Vatican Council (1962–65), the first session opening on 11 October 1962. His passionate views on equality were summed up in his famous statement, "We were all made in God's image, and thus, we are all Godly alike." John XXIII made many passionate speeches during his pontificate, one of which was on the day that he opened the Second Vatican Council in the middle of the night to the crowd gathered in St. Peter's Square: "Dear children, returning home, you will find children: give your children a hug and say: This is a hug from the Pope!" | When did he call the Second Vatican Council? | When did he call the Second Vatican Council? | [
"When did he call the Second Vatican Council?"
] | {
"text": [
"11 October 1962"
],
"answer_start": [
568
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4474 | 5a60f70ee9e1cc001a33cdd4 | Pope_John_XXIII | Roncalli was elected pope on 28 October 1958 at age 76 after 11 ballots. His selection was unexpected, and Roncalli himself had come to Rome with a return train ticket to Venice. He was the first pope to take the pontifical name of "John" upon election in more than 500 years, and his choice settled the complicated question of official numbering attached to this papal name due to the antipope of this name. Pope John XXIII surprised those who expected him to be a caretaker pope by calling the historic Second Vatican Council (1962–65), the first session opening on 11 October 1962. His passionate views on equality were summed up in his famous statement, "We were all made in God's image, and thus, we are all Godly alike." John XXIII made many passionate speeches during his pontificate, one of which was on the day that he opened the Second Vatican Council in the middle of the night to the crowd gathered in St. Peter's Square: "Dear children, returning home, you will find children: give your children a hug and say: This is a hug from the Pope!" | When was St. Peter's Square built? | When was St. Peter's Square built? | [
"When was St. Peter's Square built?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4475 | 5a60f70ee9e1cc001a33cdd5 | Pope_John_XXIII | Roncalli was elected pope on 28 October 1958 at age 76 after 11 ballots. His selection was unexpected, and Roncalli himself had come to Rome with a return train ticket to Venice. He was the first pope to take the pontifical name of "John" upon election in more than 500 years, and his choice settled the complicated question of official numbering attached to this papal name due to the antipope of this name. Pope John XXIII surprised those who expected him to be a caretaker pope by calling the historic Second Vatican Council (1962–65), the first session opening on 11 October 1962. His passionate views on equality were summed up in his famous statement, "We were all made in God's image, and thus, we are all Godly alike." John XXIII made many passionate speeches during his pontificate, one of which was on the day that he opened the Second Vatican Council in the middle of the night to the crowd gathered in St. Peter's Square: "Dear children, returning home, you will find children: give your children a hug and say: This is a hug from the Pope!" | When the Second Vatican Council came to Rome what did they plan to return to? | When the Second Vatican Council came to Rome what did they plan to return to? | [
"When the Second Vatican Council came to Rome what did they plan to return to?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4476 | 5a60f70ee9e1cc001a33cdd6 | Pope_John_XXIII | Roncalli was elected pope on 28 October 1958 at age 76 after 11 ballots. His selection was unexpected, and Roncalli himself had come to Rome with a return train ticket to Venice. He was the first pope to take the pontifical name of "John" upon election in more than 500 years, and his choice settled the complicated question of official numbering attached to this papal name due to the antipope of this name. Pope John XXIII surprised those who expected him to be a caretaker pope by calling the historic Second Vatican Council (1962–65), the first session opening on 11 October 1962. His passionate views on equality were summed up in his famous statement, "We were all made in God's image, and thus, we are all Godly alike." John XXIII made many passionate speeches during his pontificate, one of which was on the day that he opened the Second Vatican Council in the middle of the night to the crowd gathered in St. Peter's Square: "Dear children, returning home, you will find children: give your children a hug and say: This is a hug from the Pope!" | How long has there been a Pope in Rome? | How long has there been a Pope in Rome? | [
"How long has there been a Pope in Rome?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4477 | 5a60f70ee9e1cc001a33cdd7 | Pope_John_XXIII | Roncalli was elected pope on 28 October 1958 at age 76 after 11 ballots. His selection was unexpected, and Roncalli himself had come to Rome with a return train ticket to Venice. He was the first pope to take the pontifical name of "John" upon election in more than 500 years, and his choice settled the complicated question of official numbering attached to this papal name due to the antipope of this name. Pope John XXIII surprised those who expected him to be a caretaker pope by calling the historic Second Vatican Council (1962–65), the first session opening on 11 October 1962. His passionate views on equality were summed up in his famous statement, "We were all made in God's image, and thus, we are all Godly alike." John XXIII made many passionate speeches during his pontificate, one of which was on the day that he opened the Second Vatican Council in the middle of the night to the crowd gathered in St. Peter's Square: "Dear children, returning home, you will find children: give your children a hug and say: This is a hug from the Pope!" | What did God expect the Pope to be? | What did God expect the Pope to be? | [
"What did God expect the Pope to be?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4478 | 5a60f70ee9e1cc001a33cdd8 | Pope_John_XXIII | Roncalli was elected pope on 28 October 1958 at age 76 after 11 ballots. His selection was unexpected, and Roncalli himself had come to Rome with a return train ticket to Venice. He was the first pope to take the pontifical name of "John" upon election in more than 500 years, and his choice settled the complicated question of official numbering attached to this papal name due to the antipope of this name. Pope John XXIII surprised those who expected him to be a caretaker pope by calling the historic Second Vatican Council (1962–65), the first session opening on 11 October 1962. His passionate views on equality were summed up in his famous statement, "We were all made in God's image, and thus, we are all Godly alike." John XXIII made many passionate speeches during his pontificate, one of which was on the day that he opened the Second Vatican Council in the middle of the night to the crowd gathered in St. Peter's Square: "Dear children, returning home, you will find children: give your children a hug and say: This is a hug from the Pope!" | What did the crowd gathered at St. Peter's Square think the Pope's name choice settled? | What did the crowd gathered at St. Peter's Square think the Pope's name choice settled? | [
"What did the crowd gathered at St. Peter's Square think the Pope's name choice settled?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4479 | 5727fa0b4b864d1900164116 | Pope_John_XXIII | Pope John XXIII did not live to see the Vatican Council to completion. He died of stomach cancer on 3 June 1963, four and a half years after his election and two months after the completion of his final and famed encyclical, Pacem in terris. He was buried in the Vatican grottoes beneath Saint Peter's Basilica on 6 June 1963 and his cause for canonization was opened on 18 November 1965 by his successor, Pope Paul VI, who declared him a Servant of God. In addition to being named Venerable on 20 December 1999, he was beatified on 3 September 2000 by Pope John Paul II alongside Pope Pius IX and three others. Following his beatification, his body was moved on 3 June 2001 from its original place to the altar of Saint Jerome where it could be seen by the faithful. On 5 July 2013, Pope Francis – bypassing the traditionally required second miracle – declared John XXIII a saint, after unanimous agreement by a consistory, or meeting, of the College of Cardinals, based on the fact that he was considered to have lived a virtuous, model lifestyle, and because of the good for the Church which had come from his having opened the Second Vatican Council. He was canonised alongside Pope Saint John Paul II on 27 April 2014. John XXIII today is affectionately known as the "Good Pope" and in Italian, "il Papa buono". | When did the pope die? | When did the pope die? | [
"When did the pope die?"
] | {
"text": [
"3 June 1963"
],
"answer_start": [
100
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4480 | 5727fa0b4b864d1900164117 | Pope_John_XXIII | Pope John XXIII did not live to see the Vatican Council to completion. He died of stomach cancer on 3 June 1963, four and a half years after his election and two months after the completion of his final and famed encyclical, Pacem in terris. He was buried in the Vatican grottoes beneath Saint Peter's Basilica on 6 June 1963 and his cause for canonization was opened on 18 November 1965 by his successor, Pope Paul VI, who declared him a Servant of God. In addition to being named Venerable on 20 December 1999, he was beatified on 3 September 2000 by Pope John Paul II alongside Pope Pius IX and three others. Following his beatification, his body was moved on 3 June 2001 from its original place to the altar of Saint Jerome where it could be seen by the faithful. On 5 July 2013, Pope Francis – bypassing the traditionally required second miracle – declared John XXIII a saint, after unanimous agreement by a consistory, or meeting, of the College of Cardinals, based on the fact that he was considered to have lived a virtuous, model lifestyle, and because of the good for the Church which had come from his having opened the Second Vatican Council. He was canonised alongside Pope Saint John Paul II on 27 April 2014. John XXIII today is affectionately known as the "Good Pope" and in Italian, "il Papa buono". | What did the pope die of? | What did the pope die of? | [
"What did the pope die of?"
] | {
"text": [
"stomach cancer"
],
"answer_start": [
82
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4481 | 5727fa0b4b864d1900164118 | Pope_John_XXIII | Pope John XXIII did not live to see the Vatican Council to completion. He died of stomach cancer on 3 June 1963, four and a half years after his election and two months after the completion of his final and famed encyclical, Pacem in terris. He was buried in the Vatican grottoes beneath Saint Peter's Basilica on 6 June 1963 and his cause for canonization was opened on 18 November 1965 by his successor, Pope Paul VI, who declared him a Servant of God. In addition to being named Venerable on 20 December 1999, he was beatified on 3 September 2000 by Pope John Paul II alongside Pope Pius IX and three others. Following his beatification, his body was moved on 3 June 2001 from its original place to the altar of Saint Jerome where it could be seen by the faithful. On 5 July 2013, Pope Francis – bypassing the traditionally required second miracle – declared John XXIII a saint, after unanimous agreement by a consistory, or meeting, of the College of Cardinals, based on the fact that he was considered to have lived a virtuous, model lifestyle, and because of the good for the Church which had come from his having opened the Second Vatican Council. He was canonised alongside Pope Saint John Paul II on 27 April 2014. John XXIII today is affectionately known as the "Good Pope" and in Italian, "il Papa buono". | Where was he buried? | Where was he buried? | [
"Where was he buried?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Vatican grottoes beneath Saint Peter's Basilica"
],
"answer_start": [
259
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4482 | 5727fa0b4b864d1900164119 | Pope_John_XXIII | Pope John XXIII did not live to see the Vatican Council to completion. He died of stomach cancer on 3 June 1963, four and a half years after his election and two months after the completion of his final and famed encyclical, Pacem in terris. He was buried in the Vatican grottoes beneath Saint Peter's Basilica on 6 June 1963 and his cause for canonization was opened on 18 November 1965 by his successor, Pope Paul VI, who declared him a Servant of God. In addition to being named Venerable on 20 December 1999, he was beatified on 3 September 2000 by Pope John Paul II alongside Pope Pius IX and three others. Following his beatification, his body was moved on 3 June 2001 from its original place to the altar of Saint Jerome where it could be seen by the faithful. On 5 July 2013, Pope Francis – bypassing the traditionally required second miracle – declared John XXIII a saint, after unanimous agreement by a consistory, or meeting, of the College of Cardinals, based on the fact that he was considered to have lived a virtuous, model lifestyle, and because of the good for the Church which had come from his having opened the Second Vatican Council. He was canonised alongside Pope Saint John Paul II on 27 April 2014. John XXIII today is affectionately known as the "Good Pope" and in Italian, "il Papa buono". | When was he beatified? | When was he beatified? | [
"When was he beatified?"
] | {
"text": [
"3 September 2000"
],
"answer_start": [
533
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4483 | 5727fa0b4b864d190016411a | Pope_John_XXIII | Pope John XXIII did not live to see the Vatican Council to completion. He died of stomach cancer on 3 June 1963, four and a half years after his election and two months after the completion of his final and famed encyclical, Pacem in terris. He was buried in the Vatican grottoes beneath Saint Peter's Basilica on 6 June 1963 and his cause for canonization was opened on 18 November 1965 by his successor, Pope Paul VI, who declared him a Servant of God. In addition to being named Venerable on 20 December 1999, he was beatified on 3 September 2000 by Pope John Paul II alongside Pope Pius IX and three others. Following his beatification, his body was moved on 3 June 2001 from its original place to the altar of Saint Jerome where it could be seen by the faithful. On 5 July 2013, Pope Francis – bypassing the traditionally required second miracle – declared John XXIII a saint, after unanimous agreement by a consistory, or meeting, of the College of Cardinals, based on the fact that he was considered to have lived a virtuous, model lifestyle, and because of the good for the Church which had come from his having opened the Second Vatican Council. He was canonised alongside Pope Saint John Paul II on 27 April 2014. John XXIII today is affectionately known as the "Good Pope" and in Italian, "il Papa buono". | He is still known today as what? | He is still known today as what? | [
"He is still known today as what?"
] | {
"text": [
"the \"Good Pope\""
],
"answer_start": [
1268
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4484 | 5a60f7f5e9e1cc001a33cdde | Pope_John_XXIII | Pope John XXIII did not live to see the Vatican Council to completion. He died of stomach cancer on 3 June 1963, four and a half years after his election and two months after the completion of his final and famed encyclical, Pacem in terris. He was buried in the Vatican grottoes beneath Saint Peter's Basilica on 6 June 1963 and his cause for canonization was opened on 18 November 1965 by his successor, Pope Paul VI, who declared him a Servant of God. In addition to being named Venerable on 20 December 1999, he was beatified on 3 September 2000 by Pope John Paul II alongside Pope Pius IX and three others. Following his beatification, his body was moved on 3 June 2001 from its original place to the altar of Saint Jerome where it could be seen by the faithful. On 5 July 2013, Pope Francis – bypassing the traditionally required second miracle – declared John XXIII a saint, after unanimous agreement by a consistory, or meeting, of the College of Cardinals, based on the fact that he was considered to have lived a virtuous, model lifestyle, and because of the good for the Church which had come from his having opened the Second Vatican Council. He was canonised alongside Pope Saint John Paul II on 27 April 2014. John XXIII today is affectionately known as the "Good Pope" and in Italian, "il Papa buono". | When did Pope Francis die? | When did Pope Francis die? | [
"When did Pope Francis die?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4485 | 5a60f7f5e9e1cc001a33cddf | Pope_John_XXIII | Pope John XXIII did not live to see the Vatican Council to completion. He died of stomach cancer on 3 June 1963, four and a half years after his election and two months after the completion of his final and famed encyclical, Pacem in terris. He was buried in the Vatican grottoes beneath Saint Peter's Basilica on 6 June 1963 and his cause for canonization was opened on 18 November 1965 by his successor, Pope Paul VI, who declared him a Servant of God. In addition to being named Venerable on 20 December 1999, he was beatified on 3 September 2000 by Pope John Paul II alongside Pope Pius IX and three others. Following his beatification, his body was moved on 3 June 2001 from its original place to the altar of Saint Jerome where it could be seen by the faithful. On 5 July 2013, Pope Francis – bypassing the traditionally required second miracle – declared John XXIII a saint, after unanimous agreement by a consistory, or meeting, of the College of Cardinals, based on the fact that he was considered to have lived a virtuous, model lifestyle, and because of the good for the Church which had come from his having opened the Second Vatican Council. He was canonised alongside Pope Saint John Paul II on 27 April 2014. John XXIII today is affectionately known as the "Good Pope" and in Italian, "il Papa buono". | How long after he was elected did Pope Francis die? | How long after he was elected did Pope Francis die? | [
"How long after he was elected did Pope Francis die?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4486 | 5a60f7f5e9e1cc001a33cde0 | Pope_John_XXIII | Pope John XXIII did not live to see the Vatican Council to completion. He died of stomach cancer on 3 June 1963, four and a half years after his election and two months after the completion of his final and famed encyclical, Pacem in terris. He was buried in the Vatican grottoes beneath Saint Peter's Basilica on 6 June 1963 and his cause for canonization was opened on 18 November 1965 by his successor, Pope Paul VI, who declared him a Servant of God. In addition to being named Venerable on 20 December 1999, he was beatified on 3 September 2000 by Pope John Paul II alongside Pope Pius IX and three others. Following his beatification, his body was moved on 3 June 2001 from its original place to the altar of Saint Jerome where it could be seen by the faithful. On 5 July 2013, Pope Francis – bypassing the traditionally required second miracle – declared John XXIII a saint, after unanimous agreement by a consistory, or meeting, of the College of Cardinals, based on the fact that he was considered to have lived a virtuous, model lifestyle, and because of the good for the Church which had come from his having opened the Second Vatican Council. He was canonised alongside Pope Saint John Paul II on 27 April 2014. John XXIII today is affectionately known as the "Good Pope" and in Italian, "il Papa buono". | Where was Pope Francis buried? | Where was Pope Francis buried? | [
"Where was Pope Francis buried?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4487 | 5a60f7f5e9e1cc001a33cde1 | Pope_John_XXIII | Pope John XXIII did not live to see the Vatican Council to completion. He died of stomach cancer on 3 June 1963, four and a half years after his election and two months after the completion of his final and famed encyclical, Pacem in terris. He was buried in the Vatican grottoes beneath Saint Peter's Basilica on 6 June 1963 and his cause for canonization was opened on 18 November 1965 by his successor, Pope Paul VI, who declared him a Servant of God. In addition to being named Venerable on 20 December 1999, he was beatified on 3 September 2000 by Pope John Paul II alongside Pope Pius IX and three others. Following his beatification, his body was moved on 3 June 2001 from its original place to the altar of Saint Jerome where it could be seen by the faithful. On 5 July 2013, Pope Francis – bypassing the traditionally required second miracle – declared John XXIII a saint, after unanimous agreement by a consistory, or meeting, of the College of Cardinals, based on the fact that he was considered to have lived a virtuous, model lifestyle, and because of the good for the Church which had come from his having opened the Second Vatican Council. He was canonised alongside Pope Saint John Paul II on 27 April 2014. John XXIII today is affectionately known as the "Good Pope" and in Italian, "il Papa buono". | What illness did Pope Francis die of? | What illness did Pope Francis die of? | [
"What illness did Pope Francis die of?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4488 | 5a60f7f5e9e1cc001a33cde2 | Pope_John_XXIII | Pope John XXIII did not live to see the Vatican Council to completion. He died of stomach cancer on 3 June 1963, four and a half years after his election and two months after the completion of his final and famed encyclical, Pacem in terris. He was buried in the Vatican grottoes beneath Saint Peter's Basilica on 6 June 1963 and his cause for canonization was opened on 18 November 1965 by his successor, Pope Paul VI, who declared him a Servant of God. In addition to being named Venerable on 20 December 1999, he was beatified on 3 September 2000 by Pope John Paul II alongside Pope Pius IX and three others. Following his beatification, his body was moved on 3 June 2001 from its original place to the altar of Saint Jerome where it could be seen by the faithful. On 5 July 2013, Pope Francis – bypassing the traditionally required second miracle – declared John XXIII a saint, after unanimous agreement by a consistory, or meeting, of the College of Cardinals, based on the fact that he was considered to have lived a virtuous, model lifestyle, and because of the good for the Church which had come from his having opened the Second Vatican Council. He was canonised alongside Pope Saint John Paul II on 27 April 2014. John XXIII today is affectionately known as the "Good Pope" and in Italian, "il Papa buono". | When was Pope Francis beatified? | When was Pope Francis beatified? | [
"When was Pope Francis beatified?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4489 | 5727fc0cff5b5019007d99fe | Pope_John_XXIII | The Roman Catholic Church celebrates his feast day not on the date of his death, June 3, as is usual, nor even on the day of his papal inauguration (as is sometimes done with Popes who are Saints, such as with John Paul II) but on 11 October, the day of the first session of the Second Vatican Council. This is understandable, since he was the one who had had the idea for it and had convened it. On Thursday, 11 September 2014, Pope Francis added his optional memorial to the worldwide General Roman Calendar of saints' feast days, in response to global requests. He is commemorated on the date of his death, 3 June, by the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America and on the following day, 4 June, by the Anglican Church of Canada and the Episcopal Church (United States). | When is his feast day celebrated? | When is his feast day celebrated? | [
"When is his feast day celebrated?"
] | {
"text": [
"11 October"
],
"answer_start": [
231
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4490 | 5727fc0cff5b5019007d99ff | Pope_John_XXIII | The Roman Catholic Church celebrates his feast day not on the date of his death, June 3, as is usual, nor even on the day of his papal inauguration (as is sometimes done with Popes who are Saints, such as with John Paul II) but on 11 October, the day of the first session of the Second Vatican Council. This is understandable, since he was the one who had had the idea for it and had convened it. On Thursday, 11 September 2014, Pope Francis added his optional memorial to the worldwide General Roman Calendar of saints' feast days, in response to global requests. He is commemorated on the date of his death, 3 June, by the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America and on the following day, 4 June, by the Anglican Church of Canada and the Episcopal Church (United States). | What is October 11? | What is October 11? | [
"What is October 11?"
] | {
"text": [
"the day of the first session of the Second Vatican Council"
],
"answer_start": [
243
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4491 | 5727fc0cff5b5019007d9a00 | Pope_John_XXIII | The Roman Catholic Church celebrates his feast day not on the date of his death, June 3, as is usual, nor even on the day of his papal inauguration (as is sometimes done with Popes who are Saints, such as with John Paul II) but on 11 October, the day of the first session of the Second Vatican Council. This is understandable, since he was the one who had had the idea for it and had convened it. On Thursday, 11 September 2014, Pope Francis added his optional memorial to the worldwide General Roman Calendar of saints' feast days, in response to global requests. He is commemorated on the date of his death, 3 June, by the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America and on the following day, 4 June, by the Anglican Church of Canada and the Episcopal Church (United States). | When did Pope Francis added his optional memorial to the worldwide General Roman Calendar of saints' feast days? | When did Pope Francis added his optional memorial to the worldwide General Roman Calendar of saints' feast days? | [
"When did Pope Francis added his optional memorial to the worldwide General Roman Calendar of saints' feast days?"
] | {
"text": [
"11 September 2014"
],
"answer_start": [
410
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4492 | 5727fc0cff5b5019007d9a01 | Pope_John_XXIII | The Roman Catholic Church celebrates his feast day not on the date of his death, June 3, as is usual, nor even on the day of his papal inauguration (as is sometimes done with Popes who are Saints, such as with John Paul II) but on 11 October, the day of the first session of the Second Vatican Council. This is understandable, since he was the one who had had the idea for it and had convened it. On Thursday, 11 September 2014, Pope Francis added his optional memorial to the worldwide General Roman Calendar of saints' feast days, in response to global requests. He is commemorated on the date of his death, 3 June, by the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America and on the following day, 4 June, by the Anglican Church of Canada and the Episcopal Church (United States). | Where did Pope Francis commemorate his death on 3 June? | Where did Pope Francis commemorate his death on 3 June? | [
"Where did Pope Francis commemorate his death on 3 June?"
] | {
"text": [
"by the Evangelical Lutheran Church"
],
"answer_start": [
618
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4493 | 5727fc0cff5b5019007d9a02 | Pope_John_XXIII | The Roman Catholic Church celebrates his feast day not on the date of his death, June 3, as is usual, nor even on the day of his papal inauguration (as is sometimes done with Popes who are Saints, such as with John Paul II) but on 11 October, the day of the first session of the Second Vatican Council. This is understandable, since he was the one who had had the idea for it and had convened it. On Thursday, 11 September 2014, Pope Francis added his optional memorial to the worldwide General Roman Calendar of saints' feast days, in response to global requests. He is commemorated on the date of his death, 3 June, by the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America and on the following day, 4 June, by the Anglican Church of Canada and the Episcopal Church (United States). | Where did Pope Francis commemorate his death on 4 June? | Where did Pope Francis commemorate his death on 4 June? | [
"Where did Pope Francis commemorate his death on 4 June?"
] | {
"text": [
"by the Anglican Church of Canada and the Episcopal Church (United States)"
],
"answer_start": [
698
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4494 | 5a60fa35e9e1cc001a33cde8 | Pope_John_XXIII | The Roman Catholic Church celebrates his feast day not on the date of his death, June 3, as is usual, nor even on the day of his papal inauguration (as is sometimes done with Popes who are Saints, such as with John Paul II) but on 11 October, the day of the first session of the Second Vatican Council. This is understandable, since he was the one who had had the idea for it and had convened it. On Thursday, 11 September 2014, Pope Francis added his optional memorial to the worldwide General Roman Calendar of saints' feast days, in response to global requests. He is commemorated on the date of his death, 3 June, by the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America and on the following day, 4 June, by the Anglican Church of Canada and the Episcopal Church (United States). | When does the United States celebrate his feast day? | When does the United States celebrate his feast day? | [
"When does the United States celebrate his feast day?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4495 | 5a60fa35e9e1cc001a33cde9 | Pope_John_XXIII | The Roman Catholic Church celebrates his feast day not on the date of his death, June 3, as is usual, nor even on the day of his papal inauguration (as is sometimes done with Popes who are Saints, such as with John Paul II) but on 11 October, the day of the first session of the Second Vatican Council. This is understandable, since he was the one who had had the idea for it and had convened it. On Thursday, 11 September 2014, Pope Francis added his optional memorial to the worldwide General Roman Calendar of saints' feast days, in response to global requests. He is commemorated on the date of his death, 3 June, by the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America and on the following day, 4 June, by the Anglican Church of Canada and the Episcopal Church (United States). | What was added by the Evangelical Lutheran Church on Thursday, 11 Sept. 2014? | What was added by the Evangelical Lutheran Church on Thursday, 11 Sept. 2014? | [
"What was added by the Evangelical Lutheran Church on Thursday, 11 Sept. 2014?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4496 | 5a60fa35e9e1cc001a33cdea | Pope_John_XXIII | The Roman Catholic Church celebrates his feast day not on the date of his death, June 3, as is usual, nor even on the day of his papal inauguration (as is sometimes done with Popes who are Saints, such as with John Paul II) but on 11 October, the day of the first session of the Second Vatican Council. This is understandable, since he was the one who had had the idea for it and had convened it. On Thursday, 11 September 2014, Pope Francis added his optional memorial to the worldwide General Roman Calendar of saints' feast days, in response to global requests. He is commemorated on the date of his death, 3 June, by the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America and on the following day, 4 June, by the Anglican Church of Canada and the Episcopal Church (United States). | Why did the Evangelical Lutheran Church add this memorial to the calendar? | Why did the Evangelical Lutheran Church add this memorial to the calendar? | [
"Why did the Evangelical Lutheran Church add this memorial to the calendar?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4497 | 5a60fa35e9e1cc001a33cdeb | Pope_John_XXIII | The Roman Catholic Church celebrates his feast day not on the date of his death, June 3, as is usual, nor even on the day of his papal inauguration (as is sometimes done with Popes who are Saints, such as with John Paul II) but on 11 October, the day of the first session of the Second Vatican Council. This is understandable, since he was the one who had had the idea for it and had convened it. On Thursday, 11 September 2014, Pope Francis added his optional memorial to the worldwide General Roman Calendar of saints' feast days, in response to global requests. He is commemorated on the date of his death, 3 June, by the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America and on the following day, 4 June, by the Anglican Church of Canada and the Episcopal Church (United States). | What group was created by Pope Francis? | What group was created by Pope Francis? | [
"What group was created by Pope Francis?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4498 | 5a60fa35e9e1cc001a33cdec | Pope_John_XXIII | The Roman Catholic Church celebrates his feast day not on the date of his death, June 3, as is usual, nor even on the day of his papal inauguration (as is sometimes done with Popes who are Saints, such as with John Paul II) but on 11 October, the day of the first session of the Second Vatican Council. This is understandable, since he was the one who had had the idea for it and had convened it. On Thursday, 11 September 2014, Pope Francis added his optional memorial to the worldwide General Roman Calendar of saints' feast days, in response to global requests. He is commemorated on the date of his death, 3 June, by the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America and on the following day, 4 June, by the Anglican Church of Canada and the Episcopal Church (United States). | What date was Pope John Paul inagurated? | What date was Pope John Paul inagurated? | [
"What date was Pope John Paul inagurated?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4499 | 5727fd58ff5b5019007d9a44 | Pope_John_XXIII | In February 1925, the Cardinal Secretary of State Pietro Gasparri summoned him to the Vatican and informed him of Pope Pius XI's decision to appoint him as the Apostolic Visitor to Bulgaria (1925–35). On 3 March, Pius XI also named him for consecration as titular archbishop of Areopolis, Jordan. Roncalli was initially reluctant about a mission to Bulgaria, but he would soon relent. His nomination as apostolic visitor was made official on 19 March. Roncalli was consecrated by Giovanni Tacci Porcelli in the church of San Carlo alla Corso in Rome. After he was consecrated, he introduced his family to Pope Pius XI. He chose as his episcopal motto Obedientia et Pax ("Obedience and Peace"), which became his guiding motto. While he was in Bulgaria, an earthquake struck in a town not too far from where he was. Unaffected, he wrote to his sisters Ancilla and Maria and told them both that he was fine. | When did Pietro Gasparri summon him to the Vatican? | When did Pietro Gasparri summon him to the Vatican? | [
"When did Pietro Gasparri summon him to the Vatican?"
] | {
"text": [
"February 1925"
],
"answer_start": [
3
]
} |
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