id string | dataset string | question string | options list | answer string | explanation string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
qasc_7069 | qasc | <ctx>
##emocoel, penetrate the external wall of the ovaries and finally fertilize the ova. why this self - inflicted skin injury does not lead to bacterial infections is not yet understood ( though likely related to the enzymes used to deteriorate the skin or facilitate the transfer of viable genetic material from male... | [
"From her chicken.",
"it keeps an organism warm",
"Through internal Meiosis.",
"Birds nest."
] | C | |
medmcqa_7385 | medmcqa | <ctx>
the glycocalyx can be triggered by inflammatory stimuli, such as tumor necrosis factor - alpha. whatever the stimulus is, however, shedding of the glycocalyx leads to a drastic increase in vascular permeability. vascular walls being permeable is disadvantageous, since that would enable passage of some macromolecu... | [
"Vasoconstriction",
"Pain at the site of inflammation",
"Bronchodilatation",
"Decreased Vascular permeability"
] | B | Bradykinin causes Increases vascular permeability Aeriolar dilation Bronchial smooth muscle contraction Pain at the site of inflammation ref robbins 9th ed page 52 |
arc_easy_1522 | arc_easy | <ctx>
and therefore could have been enough to cause a marine mass extinction, but this change would not have caused the extinction of the ammonites. the regression would also have caused climate changes, partly by disrupting winds and ocean currents and partly by reducing the earth's albedo and increasing global temper... | [
"mountains",
"erosion",
"earthquakes",
"volcanic eruptions"
] | B | |
arc_challenge_103 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
s history, the hadean, begins with the earth's formation and is followed by the archean eon at 3. 8 ga. the oldest rocks found on earth date to about 4. 0 ga, and the oldest detrital zircon crystals in rocks to about 4. 4 ga, soon after the formation of the earth's crust and the earth itself. the giant impact hyp... | [
"core",
"mantle",
"atmosphere",
"hydrosphere"
] | D | |
mmlu_aux_3915 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
size, but with different masses, what do you think he should have observed? would this result be different if done on the moon? 5. 26 5. 27
surface looked like : lovell continued to describe the terrain they were passing over. one of the crew's major tasks was reconnaissance of planned future landing sites on th... | [
"The moon is beautiful.",
"The moon is different from the Earth.",
"The moon is Earth's nearest neighbor -- it is the easiest place in space to get to.",
"The moon is the easiest place in space to get to and it has no air,unlike Earth."
] | D | null |
medmcqa_4296 | medmcqa | <ctx>
whether this association is due to an alteration of pathophysiology, a variation in symptoms, or a variation in care - seeking. discrete pathophysiology and carpal tunnel syndrome hereditary neuropathy with susceptibility to pressure palsies is a genetic condition that appears to increase the probability of devel... | [
"Classical polyaeritis nodosa",
"Microscopic polyangiitis",
"Henoch-Schonlein purpura",
"Buerger's disease"
] | A | Answer is A (Classic PAN) : Amongst the options provided, mononeuritis multiplex is a feature of classical PAN and microscopic polyangitis. Presence of hypeension (infrequent in microscopic polyangitis) and normal renal function (infrequent in microscopic polyangitis) leads us to a diagnosis of classical polyaeritis no... |
aquarat_23336 | aquarat | <ctx>
of these interest and principal payments must equal the cumulative fixed payments at time t i. e. mat. evaluating the first integral on the right we obtain an expression for i ( t ), the interest paid : unsurprisingly the second integral evaluates to p0 − p ( t ) and therefore : the reader may easily verify that ... | [
"A)19828.77",
"B)19828.8",
"C)19828.82",
"D)19888.82"
] | B | Let the sum be Rs.P
P{ [ 1 + 8/100]2 - 1 } = 2828.80
P(8/100)(2 + 8/100) = 2828.80 [a2 - b2 = (a - b) ( a + b)] P = 2828.80 / (0.08)(2.08) = 1360/0.08 = 17000 Principal + Interest = Rs. 19828.80
Answer: B |
medmcqa_9940 | medmcqa | <ctx>
as recessive. other examples may include noble families, which are inbred due to custom rather than local genetic variety. hemolytic disease of the newborn in theory, the maternal production of anti - h during pregnancy might cause hemolytic disease in a fetus who did not inherit the mother's bombay phenotype. in... | [
"Beta thalassemia",
"Iron deficiency",
"Malaria",
"Lead poisoning"
] | C | |
aquarat_35860 | aquarat | <ctx>
very different from the " service clubs " founded in the early days of the century, like soroptimist and zontas. " women in management " is about women in business in usually male - dominated areas. their motivation, their ideas and leadership styles and their ability to enter into leadership positions is the sub... | [
"A)50",
"B)20",
"C)25",
"D)30"
] | A | Well, first let’s take care of the “totalsâ€. The numbers in the “totals†row must add up. If 90 are females, the other 215 – 90 = 125 must be males. Similarly, the numbers in the “totals†column must add up. If 40 are managers, then the other 215 – 40 = 175 must be associates.
Now, in the “associate... |
mmlu_aux_7086 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
8. 7 introduction to rocket propulsion learning objectives by the end of this section, you will be able to : • state newton ’ s third law of motion. • explain the principle involved in propulsion of rockets and jet engines. • derive an expression for the acceleration of the rocket and discuss the factors that aff... | [
"of how much fuel they use",
"of how fast they are",
"of the power the hit the ground with",
"of how tall they are"
] | C | null |
openbookqa_1845 | openbookqa | <ctx>
##tl is unusual in that it has a lack of thyroid stimulating hormone, which is needed for the thyroid to produce thyroxine in order for the axolotl to go through metamorphosis ; therefore, it keeps its gills and lives in water all its life, even after it becomes an adult and is able to reproduce. its body has the... | [
"live house flies",
"a dog",
"plant fertilizer",
"snakes"
] | A | |
medmcqa_1488 | medmcqa | <ctx>
different sites 18 times within an hour. the transient bee might call before he is detected by the resident bee. these non - territorial males flee the scene immediately after being approached by the resident bee. if caught by the resident male while attempting to copulate, the non - territorial male and the fema... | [
"2-4 hours",
"4-6 hours",
"6-8 hours",
"8-10 hours"
] | C | Capacitation is the process of reconditioning of the sperm, making it more suitable for penetration into the ovum.
It takes about 6-8 hours and occurs in FGT chiefly in the tubes. |
medmcqa_5064 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##ing and timing. hypo and hyperglycemia levels which are significantly above or below this range are problematic and can in some cases be dangerous. a level of < 3. 8 mmol / l ( < 70 mg / dl ) is usually described as a hypoglycemic attack ( low blood sugar ). most diabetics know when they are going to " go hypo ... | [
"Amyotrophy",
"Nerve conductivity",
"Macular edema",
"Microalbuminuria"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Macular edema o The DCCT demonstrated that improvement of glvcemia controly Reduced nonproliferative and proliferative retinopathy (47% reduction).y Microalbuminuria (39% reduction).y Clinical nephropathy (54% reduction).y Neuropathy (60% reduction).y Improved glycemic control also slowed the progress... |
aquarat_23809 | aquarat | <ctx>
< 2465 * 5 x = 4 98 56 y = ( 2460 + x ) * x = 2464 * 4 = 9856 00 00 algorithm terminates : answer = 12. 34 binary numeral system ( base 2 ) this section uses the formalism from the digit - by - digit calculation section above, with the slight variation that we let, with each or. we iterate all, from down to, and ... | [
"A)9",
"B)10",
"C)11",
"D)12"
] | D | have a look on your calender
since,we all knw a year consist of 365 days
february is d only month which has 28 days
4 months in a year has 30 days
and,rest 7 months has 31 days..
so,following d given eq. we can write 28*1 + 30*4 + 31*7..
hence values of a,b and c are 1, 4 and 7 respectively..
a+b+c=12
ANSWER:D |
aquarat_5151 | aquarat | <ctx>
equal to the present value of $ 1, because holding a portfolio consisting of each arrow security will result in certain payoff of $ 1. consider a raffle where a single ticket wins a prize of all entry fees : if the prize is $ 1, the entry fee will be 1 / number of tickets. for simplicity, we will consider the int... | [
"A)Rs. 5000",
"B)Rs. 6500",
"C)Rs. 8000",
"D)Cannot be determined"
] | A | Let x, y and z be the amount invested in schemes A, B and C respectively. Then,
(x * 10 * 1)/100 + (y * 12 * 1)/100 + (z * 15 * 1)/100 = 3200
10x + 12y + 15z = 320000
Now, z = 240% of y = 12/5 y
And, z = 150% of x = 3/2 x
x = 2/3 z = ( 2/3 * 12/5) y = 8/5 y
16y + 12y + 36y = 320000
y = 5000
Sum invested in scheme B = R... |
medmcqa_3833 | medmcqa | <ctx>
testing laboratory tests include all of the following : c - reactive protein, hemoglobin, albumin, and egfr. complete response - all lab values within normal ranges partial response - > 50 % in all lab values stable disease - all lab values between < 50 % improvement and < 25 % worsening progressive disease - > 2... | [
"Gastrointestinal stromal tumors",
"Receptor mediated neuroendocrine tumors",
"Breast cancer",
"Renal cell carcinoma"
] | A | lmatinib This novel antineoplastic drug inhibits the tyrosine protein kinases in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) cells and the ones that are activated by platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor, stem cell receptor and c-kit receptor found in gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST), a rare tumour. Stricking succes... |
aquarat_28767 | aquarat | <ctx>
##0 = d. then γ an integer and γ = 1 γ ≤ 0 the value of is. to begin with, we shall simplify matters by concentrating a particular value of and generalise the result at a later stage. we shall use the value. the indicial equation has a root at, and we see from the recurrence relation that when that that denominat... | [
"A)184",
"B)194",
"C)254",
"D)324"
] | B | q + 1/q=4
we square both sides so we have q^2 + 1/q^2 +2 = 16
or q^2 + 1/q^2= 14
squaring again we have q^4 + 1/q^4 + 2 = 196
or q^4 + 1/q^4 = 194
answer =194 (B) |
aquarat_48785 | aquarat | <ctx>
##ded to the sequence of source symbols acab. using terms from formal language theory, the precise mathematical definition of this concept is as follows : let s and t be two finite sets, called the source and target alphabets, respectively. a code is a total function mapping each symbol from s to a sequence of sy... | [
"A)1 to 1",
"B)5 to 11",
"C)6 to 11",
"D)11 to 6"
] | C | First Code word can be formed from permutation of 10 letters to form 5 letters word = 10P5 = 10!/5!
Second Code word can be formed from permutation of 11 letters to form 5 letters word = 11P5 = 11!/6!
Ratio of the number of code words that can be formed from First Code to the Second Code
= (10!/5!) / (11!/6!)
= 10*9*8*... |
aquarat_7728 | aquarat | <ctx>
module in the iphone 5 alone costs $ 34, $ 10 more than the cellular module in the iphone 4s. similarly, screens used in the iphone 5 cost $ 44, which is $ 7 more than the screen of its predecessor. mashable noted that the profit margin of selling each device is " huge " as the iphone 5 retails for us $ 649. afte... | [
"A)20",
"B)25",
"C)30",
"D)11"
] | D | So the number of $10 modules must be 11 so that the leftover 2 modules are of $15 which will give a total value $140. 11*10+2*15 = 110+30=140
Answer : D |
qasc_7814 | qasc | <ctx>
allowed to penetrate the cochlea. withdrawal from drugs such as benzodiazepines had been known to cause tonic tensor tympani syndrome ( ttts ) during withdrawal. the tympanic reflex will also activate when loud vibrations are generated by the person themselves. the tensor tympani can often be observed vibrating w... | [
"massive damage",
"matter vibrating",
"constriction",
"friction"
] | C | |
aquarat_12502 | aquarat | <ctx>
##ct the median from the other two values for each object, and examine the distribution of the 200 resulting numbers. it should be normal with mean near zero and standard deviation a little larger than σ. a simple monte carlo spreadsheet calculation would reveal typical values for the standard deviation ( around ... | [
"A)a. 15",
"B)b. 13.5",
"C)c. 17",
"D)d. 23.5"
] | B | Value ismore than 2.5SDfrom the mean means that the distance between the mean and the value must be more than 2.5SD=7.5. So the value either <22-7.5=14.5 or >22+7.5=29.5.
Answer: B. |
medmcqa_3429 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##u01960 ) p — glycoprotein hormones alpha chain ; mass c. =? μg / l ( code : npu28109 ) external referencing for npu concepts a key benefit of the npu terminology is clear definition of terms. codes are generally only applied where a clear external database reference is available for unequivocal definition of te... | [
"It is the ratio of energy from protein to total energy in diet",
"It is the ratio between nitrogen retained by the body and total nitrogen intake multiplied by 100",
"It is the amount of one amino acid per gram of a protein divided by the amount of same amino acid per gram of egg protein",
"If the NPU is hig... | B | Net Protein Utilization (NPU) is the ratio between nitrogen retained by the body and total nitrogen intake multiplied by 100. It is a product of digestibility coefficient and biological value divided by 100. It gives a more complete expression of protein quality than the amino acid score. In calculating protein quality... |
aquarat_16880 | aquarat | <ctx>
in the same orientation then the bell will ring. otherwise there are now two glasses down and they must be diagonally opposite. on the fifth turn choose a diagonally opposite pair of glasses and reverse both. the bell will ring. generalisations the puzzle can be generalised to n glasses instead of four. for two g... | [
"A)5C4",
"B)5P4",
"C)(5C4)4!",
"D)B and C"
] | C | No. of ways of selecting 4 fingers from 5(considering a non-mutant) = 5C4.
No. of ways of arranging the 4 rings= 4!
Answer: (5C4).4!
ANSWER:C |
aquarat_2511 | aquarat | <ctx>
now equal this new number ( which is the next prime ), and repeat from step 3. when the algorithm terminates, the numbers remaining not marked in the list are all the primes below. the main idea here is that every value given to will be prime, because if it were composite it would be marked as a multiple of some ... | [
"A)42",
"B)52",
"C)46",
"D)28"
] | D | Explanation :
There are two series here
2, 8, 16, 22, ... (Increase by 6)
7, 17, 27, 37 ... (Increase by 10)
Hence, next term is 22+6 = 28
Answer : Option D |
medmcqa_3489 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##lation therapy. 1 national council against health fraud, ncahf policy statement on chelation therapy, ( peabody, ma, 2002 ).
##szentrum karlsruhe. sonderabdrucke. 338. vergleichende untersuchungen uber die toxizitat der ca - und zn [ ii ] - chelate der diathylentriaminpentaessigsaure ( gesellschaft fur kernfor... | [
"5% of patients survive 5 years after the diagnosis",
"The efficacy of primary radiation therapy for squamous cell carcinomas is similar to that of radical surgery",
"Surgical resection of all gross tumor is feasible in only 45% of cases",
"Chemotherapy is highly effective and sometimes curable"
] | D | ESOPHAGEAL CARCINOMA: The prognosis is poor. 5% of patients survive 5 years after the diagnosis Surgical resection of all gross tumor is feasible in only 45% of cases About 20% of patients who survive a total resection live 5 years. The efficacy of primary radiation therapy for squamous cell carcinomas is similar to th... |
arc_easy_61 | arc_easy | <ctx>
0. 200 m through such a fiber? 12. ( a ) given that the angle between the ray in the water and the perpendicular to the water is, and using information in figure 25. 51, find the height of the instructor ’ s head above the water, noting that you will first have to calculate the angle of refraction. ( b ) find the... | [
"room is totally dark.",
"light source is ultraviolet.",
"beam of light does not travel toward the students.",
"room walls are shielded with insulating material."
] | C | |
medmcqa_8896 | medmcqa | <ctx>
the overall physical effects and facial appearance of dwarfism with premature aging. other features and findings include : intrauterine growth retardation, congenital hip dislocations, winged scapulae ( shoulder blades ), pes planus ( fallen arches ), pseudoepiphyses of the second metacarpals ( upper bone of the ... | [
"Gustatory sweating",
"Aberrant misdirection of parasympathetic fibers of auriculotemporal nerve",
"Botulinum toxin is one of the treatment suggested",
"Less chances with enucleation than parotidectomy"
] | D | FREY 'S SYNDROME (GUSTATORY SWEATING) - Frey's syndrome arises as a complication of parotid surgery usually manifesting several months after the operation.it is characterized by sweating and flushing of the preauricular skin during mastication causing nuisance to the person or social embarrassment. Treatment: -Tympanic... |
qasc_4752 | qasc | <ctx>
the modulation and maintenance of hibernation in dwarf lemurs at the duke lemur center, usa. ( sub. for pub., 2020 ) blanco mb, greene lk, klopfer ph, lynch d, browning j, ehmke ee, yoder ad body mass and tail girth predict hibernation expression in captive dwarf lemurs physiological and biochemical zoology, volu... | [
"organic matter",
"Slowing the transfer of heat",
"saturated fatty acids",
"tree roots"
] | C | |
openbookqa_1180 | openbookqa | <ctx>
25. 5 • dispersion : the rainbow and prisms 1115 figure 25. 22 ( a ) a pure wavelength of light falls onto a prism and is refracted at both surfaces. ( b ) white light is dispersed by the prism ( shown exaggerated ). since the index of refraction varies with wavelength, the angles of refraction vary with waveleng... | [
"when light is burned",
"when light proceeds through",
"when light is black",
"when light is dim"
] | B | |
mmlu_aux_7780 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
light bulbs hanging from chandeliers in an office building at the corner of elm and walker streets. wires came from the electric lights and went to an adjacent room where there was a generator set up to produce electricity. the wires passed through keyholes to the adjoining room. a key was put into the keyhole an... | [
"the electricity was cut off",
"a circuit was opened",
"a fuse was blown",
"a circuit was closed"
] | D | null |
mmlu_aux_2183 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
dichotomyctere nigroviridis ( syn. tetraodon nigroviridis ) is one of the pufferfish known as the green spotted puffer. it is found across south and southeast asia in coastal freshwater, but survives the longest in brackish to saltwater, and brackish water habitats. d. nigroviridis reaches a typical maximum lengt... | [
"cannot be eaten by people",
"don't have a swim bladder",
"only live at high sea levels",
"aren't active in catching food"
] | B | null |
medmcqa_2138 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##s ) and stick to the vial glass. stabilisers used for vaccines include sugars ( sucrose, lactose ), sorbitol, amino acids ( glycine, monosodium glutamate ) and proteins ( hydrolysed gelatin ). there have very rarely ( one in twomillion vaccinations ) been cases of allergic reaction to the proteins in gelatin. t... | [
"Measles",
"Rabies",
"Rubella",
"Varicella"
] | B | Ans. (b) Rabies Vaccine that grows in embryonated eggs: Influenza Yellow fever (17 D strain) Rabies (Flury strain) Mumps Varicella vaccine growns in chick embryo fibroblast culture. Rubella - RA 27/3 vaccine produced in human diploid fibroblast. No eggs culture vaccine of measles are produced. All are tissue culture va... |
openbookqa_2673 | openbookqa | <ctx>
13. 5 phase changes learning objectives by the end of this section, you will be able to : • interpret a phase diagram. • state dalton ’ s law. • identify and describe the triple point of a gas from its phase diagram. • describe the state of equilibrium between a liquid and a gas, a liquid and a solid, and a gas a... | [
"impermanent",
"talk",
"play games",
"smile"
] | A | |
medmcqa_5960 | medmcqa | <ctx>
the risk of venous rupture and hemorrhage. cerebral arteriovenous malformations in the brain have a 2 – 4 % chance of rupture each year. however, many arteriovenous malformations go unnoticed and are asymptomatic throughout a person's lifetime. a germinal matrix hemorrhage is bleeding into the brain of premature ... | [
"Burns",
"Acid ingestion",
"Stress",
"Vomiting"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Vomiting [Ref: CSDT 13th/ep.444 & 11th/e p. 490; Schwartz 9th/ep.874 & 8th/e, p. 906; Bailey & Love 25th/e p.1014 & 24th/ep.996}* Boerhaave's syndrome is spontaneous perforation of the esophagus, occuring usually due tosevere barotrauma when a person vomits against a closed glottis. The pressure in th... |
medmcqa_9389 | medmcqa | <ctx>
cartilage is a resilient and smooth type of connective tissue. it is a semi - transparent and non - porous type of tissue. it is usually covered by a tough and fibrous membrane called perichondrium. in tetrapods, it covers and protects the ends of long bones at the joints as articular cartilage, and is a structur... | [
"Elbow joint",
"Interphalangeal joint",
"Skull sutures",
"Hip joint"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Skull sutures Functional classification of joints (movement)o Joints can also be classified functionally according to the type and degree of movement they allow:Synarthrosis - Permits little or no mobility. Most synarthrosis joints are fibrous joints (e.g., skull sutures).Amphiarthrosis - Permits slig... |
aquarat_42250 | aquarat | <ctx>
, expressed in multiples of? 94 2 • problems & exercises access for free at openstax. org 33. an unwary football player collides with a padded goalpost while running at a velocity of 7. 50 m / s and comes to a full stop after compressing the padding and his body 0. 350 m. ( a ) what is his deceleration? ( b ) how... | [
"A)271",
"B)180",
"C)188",
"D)127"
] | B | Length of the train be ‘X’
X + 120/15 = X + 180/18
6X + 720 = 5X + 900
X = 180m
Answer:B |
medmcqa_90 | medmcqa | <ctx>
gallbladder ( known as courvoisier's sign ) may also raise suspicion, and can help differentiate pancreatic cancer from gallstones. medical imaging techniques, such as computed tomography ( ct scan ) and endoscopic ultrasound ( eus ) are used both to confirm the diagnosis and to help decide whether the tumor can ... | [
"Postprandial state",
"Cholecystitis",
"Congestive cardiac failure",
"Kawasaki disease"
] | D | Ans: D (Kawasaki disease) Ref: Manual of Emergency Critical Care Ultrasound Vicke E Noble. 2nd ed. Pg 156Explanation:Kawasaki disease is associated with hydrops of gallbladder.Gallbladder Wall Thickening A gallbladder wall that is thickened is a sign of inflammation. This is a non-specific finding, and many other patho... |
medmcqa_3276 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##lborough, ellis, 2002. 36. smythies j. the trial of god. ( satirical play ) amazon. com ( booksurge ) 2006. 37. smythies j. every person's guide to antioxidants. rutgers university press 1998. 38. smythies jr. the dynamic neuron. cambridge ma. mit press, 2002. 39. smythies, j., edelstein, l., ramachandran, v. t... | [
"Follows saturation kinetics",
"Is teratogenic",
"Is highly protein bound",
"Stimulates Insulin secretion"
] | D | Phenytoin inhibits the release of insulin and cause hyperglycemia. Ref: Essentials of Medical Pharmacology By KD Tripathi, 5th Edition, Page 372, 373. |
aquarat_28981 | aquarat | <ctx>
, sorts the jobs by their length, shortest first, and then assigns them to the processor with the earliest end time so far. it runs in time o ( n log n ), and minimizes the average completion time on identical machines, p | |. horowitz and sahni present an exact algorithm, with run time o ( n log m n ), for minim... | [
"A)4",
"B)5",
"C)6",
"D)10"
] | D | The part of job that Suresh completes in 9 hours
= 9â„15 = 3â„5
Remaining job = 1 - 3â„5 = 2â„5
Remaining job can be done by Ashutosh in 2â„5 × 25 = 10 hours
Answer D |
aquarat_45899 | aquarat | <ctx>
since no heat is lost,, so that bring all terms involving on the left - hand - side and all other terms on the right - hand - side. solve for the unknown quantity : solution 1. identify the known quantities. the mass of ice is and the mass of soda is. 14. 19 14. 20 14. 21
if bottles > 0 then let bottles $ = ltri... | [
"A)60",
"B)80",
"C)90",
"D)115"
] | C | b+c=250_______(1)
1.5b+0.75c=315
2b+c=420_______(2)
(2)-(1)
b=170
c=80
b-c=170-80=90
ANSWER:C |
medmcqa_7005 | medmcqa | <ctx>
this system is a heterotrimeric g protein, composed of three subunits : a gα protein such as giα, and a complex of two tightly linked proteins called gβ and gγ in a gβγ complex. when not stimulated by a receptor, gα is bound to gdp and to gβγ to form the inactive g protein trimer. when the receptor binds an activ... | [
"C.dipthera",
"B.pertussis",
"M.catarrhalis",
"S.pneumonea"
] | B | Ans. (b) B.pertisusRef: Harrison's 18th ed ch-148 |
arc_easy_1346 | arc_easy | <ctx>
' spread from the primary tumor through the lymph nodes to other sites ( " metastasis " ). this view of the disease was first formulated by the english surgeon campbell de morgan between 1871 and 1874. society and culture although many diseases ( such as heart failure ) may have a worse prognosis than most cases ... | [
"a type of genetic engineering",
"the merging of sex cells",
"abnormal cell division",
"tissue that stops growing"
] | D | |
openbookqa_2012 | openbookqa | <ctx>
##s, and the scrape marks. metallurgy the gundestrup cauldron is composed almost entirely of silver, but there is also a substantial amount of gold for the gilding, tin for the solder and glass for the figures'eyes. according to experimental evidence, the materials for the vessel were not added at the same time, ... | [
"a tree",
"Light placers",
"A Cotton dress",
"Tennis shoes"
] | B | |
medmcqa_4683 | medmcqa | <ctx>
is periodically duplicated during crossover. after this duplication event, one of the two genes may mutate and disable its function, rendering it as a pseudogene. alternatively, the duplicated copy may mutate without dysfunctionality, and will continue making the same olfactory receptor but with altered structura... | [
">m Rna",
">r Rna",
">t Rna",
">hn Rna"
] | A | mRNA (most likely) Gene duplications are impoant forces of genome evolution which change genome size and lead to the evolution of new gene functions. Gene duplication (or chromosomal duplication or gene amplification) is any duplication of a region of DNA that contains a gene; it may occur as an error inhomologous reco... |
openbookqa_1979 | openbookqa | <ctx>
rust would form, leading to sediment build - up that would gradually clog these drains. the problems with corroding galvanized iron pipes eventually led to their replacement by copper or plastic ( pvc ) piping by the 1960s. natural substances such as hair, grease, or other oils continued to be an issue in drain c... | [
"the respiratory system",
"the digestive system",
"the circulatory system",
"the destructive system"
] | B | |
aquarat_38049 | aquarat | <ctx>
1. 91 s 51. ( a ) 94. 0 m ( b ) 3. 13 s 53. ( a ) - 70. 0 m / s ( downward ) ( b ) 6. 10 s 55. ( a ) ( b ) 57. ( a ) 305 m ( b ) 262 m, - 29. 2 m / s ( c ) 8. 91 s 59. ( a ) ( b ) 61. 63. 65. ( a ) 6 m / s ( b ) 12 m / s ( c ) ( d ) 10 s 67. ( a ) car a is traveling faster at the checkpoint because it must go pas... | [
"A)9a.m.",
"B)9.30a.m.",
"C)10a.m.",
"D)8 a.m."
] | D | Suppose the thief overtakes x hours after 6a.m.
Distance covered by the thief in x hrs = distance covered by the owner in (x-1 hours)
50x = 100(x-1)
50x = 100
x = 2 hrs
Thief is overtaken at 8a.m.
Answer is D |
openbookqa_1933 | openbookqa | <ctx>
resulting when the beam passed through a circular aperture. the spot is enlarged because the beam is limited by the aperture to a finite size, and the rings relate to the sharp edges of the beam created by the edges of the aperture. this pattern is called an airy pattern, after its discoverer george airy. by alte... | [
"stuck on metal",
"hard to see",
"really very tiny",
"more easily seen"
] | D | |
medmcqa_6616 | medmcqa | <ctx>
th - 2 and th - 17 pathways are commonly activated in asian people ) possibly explaining the differences in phenotypic presentation of atopic dermatitis in specific populations. mutations in the filaggrin gene, flg, also cause impairment in the skin barrier that contributes to the pathogenesis of ad. filaggrin is... | [
"Zileuton",
"Nedocromil sodium",
"Zafirlukast",
"Fexofenadine"
] | B | nedocromil and sod.cromoglycate- mast cell stabilizers Sodium cromoglycate (Cromolyn sod.) is a synthetic chromone derivative which inhibits degranulation of mast cells (as well as other inflammatory cells) by trigger stimuli. Release of mediators of asthma-like histamine, LTs, PAF, interleukins, etc. are restricted. N... |
medmcqa_3642 | medmcqa | <ctx>
trigeminal nerve carries general somatic afferent fibers ( gsa ), which innervate the skin of the face via ophthalmic ( v1 ), maxillary ( v2 ) and mandibular ( v3 ) divisions. the trigeminal nerve also carries special visceral efferent ( sve ) axons, which innervate the muscles of mastication via the mandibular (... | [
"Usually occurs with transverse petrous temporal bone fracture",
"Usually occurs with longitudinal petrous temporal bone fracture",
"Posttraumatic facial nerve palsy may be complete at the time of presentation",
"Decompression of the canal can be useful treatment"
] | B | TRAUMA TIC FACIAL NERVE PARALYSIS 1. FRACTURES OF TEMPORAL BONE Fractures of temporal bone may be longitudinal, transverse or mixed. Facial palsy is seen more often in transverse fractures (50%). Paralysis is due to intraneural haematoma, compression by a bony spicule or transection of nerve. In these cases, it is impo... |
openbookqa_426 | openbookqa | <ctx>
##ed by the presence of his hired man. ethan then goes into town to buy glue for the broken pickle dish, and upon his return finds that zeena has also come home. zeena retreats upstairs, proclaiming her illness, and refusing supper because she is not hungry. there, she informs ethan that she plans to send mattie ... | [
"nutrients",
"calories",
"heat energy",
"apples"
] | C | |
medmcqa_2561 | medmcqa | <ctx>
diabetic nephropathy, also known as diabetic kidney disease, is the chronic loss of kidney function occurring in those with diabetes mellitus. diabetic nephropathy is the leading causes of chronic kidney disease ( ckd ) and end - stage renal disease ( esrd ) globally. the triad of protein leaking into the urine (... | [
"Vitreous heamorrhage",
"Macular edema",
"Detachment of retina",
"Subretinal haemorrhage"
] | B | Macular edema is the most common cause of loss of vision in NPDR. |
aquarat_19379 | aquarat | <ctx>
combinatorics on words is a fairly new field of mathematics, branching from combinatorics, which focuses on the study of words and formal languages. the subject looks at letters or symbols, and the sequences they form. combinatorics on words affects various areas of mathematical study, including algebra and compu... | [
"A)273000",
"B)283000",
"C)293000",
"D)263000"
] | A | Total no. of ways ENGINEERING can be arranged is
E=3, N=3, G=2, I=2, R=1
=> 11!/(3!*3!*2!*2!) => 277200
No. of ways vowels come together
Vowels ==> (eieei)ngnrng =>
eieei can be considered as 1 letter ... so 1!
ngnrng = 6!
eieei can be arranged as 5!/(3!*2!)
ngnrng can be arranged as 6!/(3!*2!)
So (1!+6 !)*5!/(3!*2!*3!... |
medmcqa_1162 | medmcqa | <ctx>
mri and these features are predominantly associated with poor prognosis. the combination of more dangerous genetic alterations, histology and clinical outcomes for patients with prostate tumours which are visible on mpmri, has led to suggestions that the definition of'clinically significant cancer'should be at le... | [
"Mumps",
"TB",
"Heerfordt syndrome",
"Pleomorphic adenoma"
] | D | Mumps causes the classic bilateral parotitis, but it can present as a unilateral enlargement in rare cases. Heerfordt syndrome includes sarcoidosis.
Tuberculosis historically was associated with ‘cold abscess’. It is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, an acid-fast bacterium that does not stain with Gram stain. It re... |
medmcqa_5562 | medmcqa | <ctx>
but today the world health organization takes a more broad approach, that the principles of palliative care should be applied as early as possible to any chronic and ultimately fatal illness. palpation – is the process of using one's hands to check the body, especially while perceiving / diagnosing a disease or i... | [
"Cardiac region",
"Columns of Morgagni",
"Fundic region",
"Greater omentum"
] | C | The pathologist saw normal chief cells, which are abundant in the body and fundus of the stomach. Chief cells secrete pepsinogen, which is stored in apical membrane- bound granules. The body and fundus of the stomach contain high concentrations of four other types of cells in the epithelium. The parietal (oxyntic) cell... |
qasc_5084 | qasc | <ctx>
##al forests with slow decay rates, and conversion of natural forests into forest plantations. pollution other problems are pollution of soil and water from fertiliser / pesticide use, and emission of ambient air pollutants, mainly from open field burning of residues. the traditional use of wood in cook stoves an... | [
"trees",
"oil",
"deserts",
"habitat"
] | A | |
medmcqa_2627 | medmcqa | <ctx>
the majority of strokes affect people aged 65 or older and the probability of having a stroke doubles only every decade after the age of 55, anyone can suffer from a stroke at any age. a stroke occurs when the blood supply to the brain is disrupted, causing neurons to die within minutes, leading to irreparable br... | [
"Foreign body",
"Bleeding disorder",
"Hypertension",
"Nasopharyngeal carcinoma"
] | C | (c) Hypertension(Ref. Cummings, 6th ed. 680)The most common cause of epistaxis in an elderly person is hypertension.Foreign body is not seen at this age.Bleeding disorder will present with bleeding from multiple sites.Nasopharyngeal carcinoma presents with upper deep cervical lymph node. Nasal obstruction and blood tin... |
openbookqa_2679 | openbookqa | <ctx>
network and arrives as stormflow at the site of interest. wetlands may act as a natural impervious area during storms when groundwater discharge and saturation overland flow are a substantial proportion of stormflow. barren ground in riparian areas may act as a natural impervious area during storms because these ... | [
"be unsafe",
"be great",
"be safe",
"be clean"
] | A | |
arc_easy_620 | arc_easy | <ctx>
necessary operating mechanisms to control an aircraft's direction in flight. aircraft engine controls are also considered as flight controls as they change speed. flight control system ( helicopter ) – a helicopter pilot manipulates the helicopter flight controls to achieve and maintain controlled aerodynamic fli... | [
"gravity and engine thrust",
"engine thrust and friction",
"friction and air resistance",
"air resistance and gravity"
] | C | |
openbookqa_1869 | openbookqa | <ctx>
##coding dispersed seeds to identify frugivore species ( from dna remains of the animal on the seed surface ). this has represented a major conceptual and methodological advance in the study of dispersal systems, and a key innovation with far - reaching consequences in future developments that link population gen... | [
"consuming flower sustenance",
"eating pizza",
"swimming in bleach",
"going to space"
] | A | |
aquarat_34070 | aquarat | <ctx>
in combinatorics, a squarefree word is a word ( a sequence of symbols ) that does not contain any squares. a square is a word of the form, where is not empty. thus, a squarefree word can also be defined as a word that avoids the pattern. finite squarefree words binary alphabet over a binary alphabet, the only squ... | [
"A)690",
"B)504",
"C)740",
"D)760"
] | B | The word 'LOGARITHM' has 9 different letters.
Hence, the number of 3-letter words(with or without meaning) formed by using these letters
= 9P3
=
9
×
8
×
7
=
504
Option B |
medmcqa_9065 | medmcqa | <ctx>
12. 7 • catalysis 637 how sciences interconnect glucose - 6 - phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency enzymes in the human body act as catalysts for important chemical reactions in cellular metabolism. as such, a deficiency of a particular enzyme can translate to a life - threatening disease. g6pd ( glucose - 6 - phos... | [
"Iron deficiency",
"Folate deficiency",
"Protein deficiency",
"Vitamin C deficiency"
] | B | |
aquarat_47452 | aquarat | <ctx>
unknowns formed by the last 4 equations result in the values of the polynomial coefficients : this results in the third - order " smoothstep " function : 5th - order equation starting with a generic fifth - order polynomial function, its first derivative and its second derivative : applying the desired values for... | [
"A)− 7",
"B)− 2",
"C)0",
"D)2"
] | A | we can see from the statement that two terms containing x, x^2 will always be positive and -10x will be positive if x is -ive..
so the equation will have greatest value if x is -ive, and lower the value of x, greater is the equation.
so -7 will give the greatest value..
ans A |
medmcqa_5511 | medmcqa | <ctx>
and shown to have the capacity of inhibiting the function of motor nerves and thus the contraction of the musculature in a manner similar to that of curare. additionally, through chronic tea administration, muscular atrophy would be induced. it was later determined that tea functions in - vivo primarily through i... | [
"Secretion of Ach",
"Synthesis of ACh",
"Inhibits Ach release",
"Muscle nerve block"
] | C | Ref: HL Sharma 3rd ed pg no:133 botulinum toxin and beta-bungaro toxin inhibits the release of Ach into the synapse |
aquarat_5749 | aquarat | <ctx>
, expressed in multiples of? 94 2 • problems & exercises access for free at openstax. org 33. an unwary football player collides with a padded goalpost while running at a velocity of 7. 50 m / s and comes to a full stop after compressing the padding and his body 0. 350 m. ( a ) what is his deceleration? ( b ) how... | [
"A)180 sec",
"B)190 sec",
"C)170 sec",
"D)175 sec"
] | B | Answer: Option B
L = S*T
S= 1200/120
S= 10 m/Sec.
Total length (d)= 1900 m
T = d/S
T = 1900/10
T = 190 Sec |
aquarat_27358 | aquarat | <ctx>
. 98 10. 99 10. 100
10 = 10 b type orders ) and hence total profit will be ( 50 x 10 = rs. 500 for 100 % utilization ) but if it is busy with a type orders, it can do only ( = 100 / 40 = 2. 5 no. of orders ). in this situation it will earn net profit of ( 50 x 2. 5 = rs. 125 for 100 % utilization ). from the cus... | [
"A)Rs. 60",
"B)Rs. 108",
"C)Rs. 110",
"D)Rs. 112"
] | B | P.W. = Rs. (540 - 90) = Rs. 450.
S.I. on Rs. 450 = Rs. 90.
S.I. on Rs. 540 = Rs. (90/450)X540 = Rs. 108.
B.D. = Rs. 108.
ANSWER :B |
medmcqa_4473 | medmcqa | <ctx>
, o'donnell cj, ganesh sk ; charge hematology working group, larson eb, carlson cs, jarvik gp ; the electronic medical records and genomics ( emerge ) network. genetic variation associated with circulating monocyte count in the emerge network. hum mol genet. jan 12, 2013 [ epub ahead of print ] ( ). kim ds, burt ... | [
"Vitiligo",
"Cafe-au-lait spots",
"Ash leaf amelanotic macusles",
"Acanthosis Nigricans"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Cafe-au-lait spots o About 25-33% of patients with a pheochromocytoma or paraganglioma have an inherited syndrome.# Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) was the first described pheochromocytoma-associated syndrome.o The NF1 gene functions as a tumor suppressor by regulating the Ras signaling cascade. Classi... |
arc_easy_1453 | arc_easy | <ctx>
desert dunes. barchan dunes are formed as winds continuously blow in the same direction, and are characterized by a crescent - shape atop the dune. seif dunes are long and narrow, featuring a sharp crest, and are more common in the sahara desert. analysis of geological features in desert environments can reveal a... | [
"conserving water",
"hiding from predators",
"hibernating for long periods",
"producing many offspring"
] | A | |
medmcqa_448 | medmcqa | <ctx>
, and propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate ( pma, more commonly known as pgmea in semiconductor manufacturing processes, where it is used as a resist solvent ). this application consumes about 15 % to 20 % of worldwide acetic acid. ether acetates, for example eea, have been shown to be harmful to human repro... | [
"GnRH agonist",
"Androgen antagonist",
"Selective estrogen receptor modulator",
"Selective progesterone receptor modulator"
] | D | Ans. is d, i.e. Selective progesterone receptor modulatorRef: Harrison's Principles of Internal medicine 19th/ed, p2391Ulipristal acetate (trade name Ella One in the European Union, Ella in the US for contraception, and Esmya for uterine fibroid) is a selective progesterone receptor modulator (SPRM).PharmacodynamicsAs ... |
mmlu_aux_7989 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
. wolbachia is associated with the nurse cells in the queen's ovaries in the species camponotus textor, which results in the worker larva being infected. behavior and ecology nesting carpenter ants work to build the nests that house eggs in environments with usually high humidity due to their sensitivity to envir... | [
"the bird gets a bigger home",
"the bird gains more space",
"the bird loses its home",
"the bird is happy"
] | C | null |
aquarat_43571 | aquarat | <ctx>
| 23 | | 50. 7 % | - | align = right | 30 | | 70. 6 % | - | align = right | 40 | | 89. 1 % | - | align = right | 50 | | 97. 0 % | - | align = right | 60 | | 99. 4 % | - | align = right | 70 | | 99. 9 % | - | align = right | 75 | | 99. 97 % | - | align = right | 100 | | % | - | align = right | 200 | | % | - | alig... | [
"A)(54,821)^2",
"B)(54,821.5)^2",
"C)(54,820.5)^2",
"D)(54,826)^2 + 1"
] | D | 54825^2 = (54826-1)^2 = 54826^2 + 1^2 - 2*54826*1
54827^2 = (54826+1)^2 = 54826^2 +1^2 + 2*54826*1
Taking the average of above 2 , we get (54826)^2 +1
hence the answer is D |
medmcqa_9936 | medmcqa | <ctx>
as rapidly as progesterone when consumed orally. when progesterone is consumed orally it is rapidly metabolized in the gastrointestinal tract and the liver, and broken down into many different metabolites. whereas, norethisterone is not as rapidly metabolized allowing norethisterone to be present in higher quanti... | [
"Inhibiting ovulation",
"Inhibiting the implantation",
"Thickening of cervical mucus",
"None of the above"
] | A | Inhibiting ovulation |
openbookqa_9 | openbookqa | <ctx>
22. 2 ferromagnets and electromagnets learning objectives by the end of this section, you will be able to : • define ferromagnet. • describe the role of magnetic domains in magnetization. • explain the significance of the curie temperature. • describe the relationship between electricity and magnetism. ferromagne... | [
"a belt buckle",
"a wooden table",
"a plastic cup",
"a paper plate"
] | A | |
openbookqa_413 | openbookqa | <ctx>
mother orders her to fill mattresses with feathers, and to go to the aunt's house to get the bread griddle. her husband, shah selim, advises her on both occasions : in his aunt's house, she must open a closed door, feed correctly a horse and a dog, take the griddle and escape from the house. at last, the shah sel... | [
"a harness",
"a lead.",
"grain",
"a saddle"
] | C | |
openbookqa_348 | openbookqa | <ctx>
which causes the orbital nodes to drift with time. equation rate of precession the rate of precession depends on the inclination of the orbital plane to the equatorial plane, as well as the orbital eccentricity. for a satellite in a prograde orbit around earth, the precession is westward ( nodal regression ), tha... | [
"pulling down",
"sunlight",
"planetary pull",
"solar flares"
] | C | |
aquarat_35090 | aquarat | <ctx>
, the 2 - adic absolute value becomes the relevant measure. with any odd score no matter how small in absolute value, it takes at least two darts to win. any even score between 2 and 40 can be satisfied with a single dart, and 40 is a much more desirable score than 2, due to the effects of missing. a common miss ... | [
"A)3d – 1",
"B)x^2 + 1",
"C)3 – x",
"D)x – 3"
] | A | Ans is A .. leads to the max value of 7 for d = -2 |
medmcqa_9851 | medmcqa | <ctx>
' t naturally occur in those substances. an example of this is orange juice, which often is sold with added calcium. food fortification can also be categorized according to the stage of addition : commercial and industrial fortification ( wheat flour, corn meal, cooking oils ) biofortification ( breeding crops to... | [
"Egg",
"Milk",
"Sunflower seeds",
"Tomato"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Sunflower seeds |
qasc_2134 | qasc | <ctx>
##semiotics cell signalling chemotaxis ecology ecosemiotics information migration ( disambiguation ), relevant subtopics olfaction ( sense of smell ) semiosphere signalling theory sound stimulus ( physiology ) taxis thermotaxis visual perception references further references collin sp and marshall nj ( eds ) ( 20... | [
"sheep",
"cows",
"bats",
"Birds"
] | B | |
aquarat_22392 | aquarat | <ctx>
: questions will now permit the use of a graphing calculator. the number and type of questions, as well as the section's time allocation remains the same. recent exam information below are statistics from the 2022 exam cycle showing the number of participants, the percentage who obtained a score of 3 or higher, a... | [
"A)51",
"B)88",
"C)90",
"D)103"
] | D | No. of total students = no of students of biology + no of students of physics but not biology + no of students of calculus but not biology and physics
No. of total students = 65 + (35-15) + (40-10-12) = 65+20+18 = 103
Hence, Answer will be D. |
openbookqa_2625 | openbookqa | <ctx>
section at the top and a rectangular trench at the bottom. volcanology a phreatic eruption or steam - blast eruption occurs when magma heats ground or surface water. biology animals living within the phreatic zone of groundwater aquifers can be referred to as phreatobites. they are usually isopod or amphipod crus... | [
"quit swimming",
"be hungry",
"grow",
"get smarter"
] | A | |
medmcqa_2055 | medmcqa | <ctx>
diagnosis of lung cancer, computed tomography with special three - dimensional cad systems are established and considered as appropriate second opinions. at this a volumetric dataset with up to 3, 000 single images is prepared and analyzed. round lesions ( lung cancer, metastases and benign changes ) from 1 mm ar... | [
"Congenital teratoma",
"Hyperplastic polyp",
"Peutz-Jeghers polyp",
"Tubular adenoma"
] | C | Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is an autosomal dominant, hereditary disorder characterized by intestinal hamartomatous polyps and mucocutaneous melanin pigmentation, which is particularly evident on the face, buccal mucosa, hands, feet, and perianal and genital regions. The polyps seen in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome are hamartomato... |
pubmedqa_389 | pubmedqa | <ctx>
- step support services. these include, but are not limited to aa, narcotics anonymous, cocaine anonymous and al - anon. one recent study suggests the importance of family participation in residential treatment patient retention, finding " increased program completion rate for those with a family member or signif... | [
"yes",
"no",
"maybe"
] | A | |
medmcqa_3270 | medmcqa | <ctx>
greatest density of light receptors and the greatest acuity ( sharpness ) in the visual field. the variable opening ( or pupil ) of the eye along with chemical adaptation allows the eye to detect light intensities from the lowest observable to times greater ( without damage ). this is an incredible range of detec... | [
"Endothelium",
"Stroma",
"Descemet's membrane",
"Epithelium"
] | D | Ans. Epithelium |
qasc_7140 | qasc | <ctx>
5. 3 enthalpy chemical reactions, such as those that occur when you light a match, involve changes in energy as well as matter. societies at all levels of development could not function without the energy released by chemical reactions. in 2012, about 85 % of us energy consumption came from the combustion of petr... | [
"kinetic energy",
"Loud noises",
"vibrating waves",
"An object is seen"
] | C | |
qasc_7956 | qasc | <ctx>
support this view. " the evidence of beneficial health effects of organic food consumption is scarce, which has led researchers to call for more long - term studies. in addition, studies that suggest that organic foods may be healthier than conventional foods face significant methodological challenges, such as th... | [
"Possibly longer survival",
"Fully cooking the oysters",
"to stay warm",
"Help plants grow"
] | A | |
medmcqa_1501 | medmcqa | <ctx>
anterior cingulate cortex ( dorsal acc ). the dorsal acc is one of the major nodes of the salience network, which is the network that is supposed to modulate between the dmn and the cen. this decreased activation is hypothesized to be one of the reasons for the increased activation in the dmn due to the lack of a... | [
"Contralateral weakness of the lower half of the face with sparing of the upper half of the face",
"Decreased gag (pharyngeal) reflex with decreased taste sensation from the posterior one-third of the tongue",
"Hemianesthesia of the face with flaccid paralysis of the muscles of mastication",
"Ipsilateral anos... | A | The physical finding of facial asymmetry is suggestive of an abnormality involving the facial nerve (CN VII). The facial nucleus, which is located within the pons, is divided in half, the upper neurons innervate the upper muscles of the face, while the lower neurons innervate the lower poion of the face. It is impoant ... |
medmcqa_3531 | medmcqa | <ctx>
his hands, as they often moved involuntarily, despite his trying to stabilize them. furthermore, he often could not let go of objects after grasping them with his palms. the other individual, a 47 - year - old female with an aca in a different location of the artery, complained that her left hand would move on it... | [
"Associated with familial syndrome",
"Most common site of rupture is apex which causes SAH",
"Wall contains smooth muscle fibroblasts",
"90% occurs at ant. pa of circulation at branching point"
] | C | Answer is 'c' i.e. Wall contains smooth muscle fibroblasts The wall of Berry aneurysm is made up of thickened hyalinized intima. The adventitia covering the sac is continuous with that of the parent aery. Berry aneurysm (or Saccular or congenital aneurysm) Are the most common type of intracranial aneurysm (other rarer ... |
mmlu_aux_5253 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
the atmosphere, a gas that is required by nearly all living things to carry out cellular respiration. in addition, they are influential in the global carbon and water cycles and plant roots bind and stabilise soils, preventing soil erosion. plants are crucial to the future of human society as they provide food, o... | [
"less",
"no",
"most",
"a lot of"
] | A | null |
aquarat_20255 | aquarat | <ctx>
in probability theory, the coupon collector's problem describes " collect all coupons and win " contests. it asks the following question : if each box of a brand of cereals contains a coupon, and there are n different types of coupons, what is the probability that more than t boxes need to be bought to collect al... | [
"A)0.343",
"B)0.147",
"C)0.189",
"D)0.063"
] | C | 3C2 * (3/10)^2 * 7/10
= 3 * 9/100 * 7/10
= 189/1000
= 0.189=E
Answer - C |
mmlu_aux_7482 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
a geocentric orbit, earth - centered orbit, or earth orbit involves any object orbiting earth, such as the moon or artificial satellites. in 1997, nasa estimated there were approximately 2, 465 artificial satellite payloads orbiting earth and 6, 216 pieces of space debris as tracked by the goddard space flight ce... | [
"night illuminator",
"clouds",
"oceans",
"moon pictures"
] | A | null |
openbookqa_3271 | openbookqa | <ctx>
sedimentary rocks are types of rock that are formed by the accumulation or deposition of mineral or organic particles at earth's surface, followed by cementation. sedimentation is the collective name for processes that cause these particles to settle in place. the particles that form a sedimentary rock are called... | [
"a trilobyte",
"a cookie",
"a wheatgrass shake",
"a diner"
] | A | |
qasc_5568 | qasc | <ctx>
restful stage in which you dream and experience muscle movements or twitches. also during this stage in sleep, a person's heart rate and breathing are typically irregular. non - rem sleep, also sometimes referred to as slow - wave sleep, is associated with deep sleep. the body's blood pressure, heart rate, and br... | [
"disturbed",
"frustrated",
"fitful",
"sound"
] | D | |
mmlu_aux_2905 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
real time via satellite images. collection of scientific data continues to drive douglas - hamilton's work with save the elephants, both with the aerial surveys that he pioneered early in his career, and increasingly with modern technology including tracking collared elephants by gps and satellites. save the elep... | [
"To record the sound of bees.",
"To make a video of elephants.",
"To see if elephants would run away.",
"To find out more about the behavior of bees."
] | A | null |
aquarat_10224 | aquarat | <ctx>
this section consider just those cases in which the player picked door 1 and the host opened door 3. refining the simple solution if we assume that the host opens a door at random, when given a choice, then which door the host opens gives us no information at all as to whether or not the car is behind door 1. in ... | [
"A)5P6/8^3",
"B)7P6/8^2",
"C)8P6/8^6",
"D)9P6/8^5"
] | C | Apart from the ground floor, there are 8 floors
Let's find out the total number of ways in which all the six persons can leave the
lift at eight different floors
The 1st person can leave the lift in any of the 8 floors (8 ways)
The 2nd person can leave the lift in any of the remaining 7 floors (7 ways)
The 3nd person c... |
openbookqa_1975 | openbookqa | <ctx>
be specified by the scientist so that there is a high probability of reaching a correct decision where, in this case, the probability relates to a yet to occur set of random events and hence does not rely on the frequency interpretation of probability. this formulation has been discussed by neyman, among others. ... | [
"cacti will be in snowy regions",
"cacti will be in rocky regions",
"cacti will be in sandy regions",
"cacti will be in watery regions"
] | C | |
medmcqa_4086 | medmcqa | <ctx>
are also not barred to open. capital markets such as the bangko sentral ng pilipinas, the securities and exchange commission, and the philippine stock exchange, were permitted to open beginning march 18 only, provided that skeletal workforce are set up. those industries who act as business process outsourcing or ... | [
"A) Aoa",
"B) Vagus nerve",
"C) Azygos vein",
"D) Thoracic duct"
] | B | The aoic hiatus trans- mits the aoa, thoracic duct, lymphatic trunks from the lower posterior thoracic wall and, sometimes, the azygos and hemiazygos veins |
medmcqa_4582 | medmcqa | <ctx>
aviation an / avs - 10 pnvg from which they were derived, offer a 97° fov. foveated night vision ( f - nvg ) uses specialized wfov optics to increase the field of view through a night vision intensifier tube. the fovea refers to the part of the retina which is responsible for central vision. these night vision de... | [
"Point A",
"Point B",
"Side walls of pelvis",
"None of the above"
] | A | Ans- A a. External beam via cobalt or linear accelerator & brachytherapy (e.g. Radium, cobalt or cesium) are used in the treatment of carcinoma cervix. b. The radium dosage is calculated with respect to the amount of irradiation received at 2 theoretical points a & b. c. Point a lies 2cm above & 2cm lateral to the base... |
pubmedqa_766 | pubmedqa | <ctx>
, the government can use incentives similar to those under the aca for medicare and medicaid to use electronic health records. creating standards for the it infrastructure inappropriate it infrastructure likely limits healthcare analytics findings and their impact on clinical practice. establishing standards ensu... | [
"yes",
"no",
"maybe"
] | C | |
medmcqa_1215 | medmcqa | <ctx>
tricarboxylate transport protein, mitochondrial, also known as tricarboxylate carrier protein and citrate transport protein ( ctp ), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the slc25a1 gene. slc25a1 belongs to the mitochondrial carrier gene family slc25. high levels of the tricarboxylate transport protein are f... | [
"Aconitase",
"Citrate synthase",
"Malic enzyme",
"ATP citrate lyase"
] | B | Reference: Harpers illustrated biochemistry 30th edition |
mmlu_aux_4091 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
, where tigers are present. in areas where leopards and tigers are sympatric, coexistence is reportedly not the general rule, with leopards being few where tigers are numerous. tigers appear to inhabit the deep parts of the forest while leopards are pushed closer to the fringes. in tropical forests, leopards do n... | [
"They can run faster hunting alone.",
"They can't get along well with other tigers.",
"They can hide themselves easily in this way.",
"They can't find enough animals to share with other tigers."
] | D | null |
medmcqa_142 | medmcqa | <ctx>
medical documentation and information. hungary hungary introduced the use of icd - 10 from january 1, 1996, via a ministerial decree. korea a korean modification has existed since 2008. netherlands the dutch translation of icd - 10 is icd10 - nl, which was created by the who - fic network in 1994. there is an onl... | [
"Proptosis",
"Ptosis",
"Reduced intraocular tension",
"Increased power of convergence"
] | A | Ans. A: Proptosis Graves' ophthalmopathy (also known as thyroid eye disease (TED), dysthyroid/thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO), Graves' orbitopathy) is an autoimmune inflammatory disorder affecting the orbit around the eye, characterized by upper eyelid retraction, swelling (edema), redness (erythema), conjunctivit... |
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