id string | dataset string | question string | options list | answer string | explanation string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
medmcqa_5057 | medmcqa | <ctx>
1. 50 m 566 11 • solutions and colloids access for free at openstax. org example 11. 5 molality and molarity conversions intravenous infusion of a 0. 556 m aqueous solution of glucose ( density of 1. 04 g / ml ) is part of some post - operative recovery therapies. what is the molal concentration of glucose in thi... | [
"311 mmol/ litre",
"300 mmol/ litre",
"245 mmol/ litre",
"250 mmol/ litre"
] | C | Composition of reduced osmolarity ORS: Components Amount in mmol/ litre Sodium 75 Chloride 65 Glucose, anhydrous 75 Potassium 20 Citrate 10 Total osmolarity 245 Ref: Park 21st edition, page 202. |
medmcqa_4587 | medmcqa | <ctx>
the overall physical effects and facial appearance of dwarfism with premature aging. other features and findings include : intrauterine growth retardation, congenital hip dislocations, winged scapulae ( shoulder blades ), pes planus ( fallen arches ), pseudoepiphyses of the second metacarpals ( upper bone of the ... | [
"White phosphorus",
"Red Phosphorus",
"Arsenic",
"Antimony"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., White Phosphorus o Phossy jaw is caused by phosphorus poisoning. All phosphorus poisoning are caused by white (yellow) phosphorus (Red phosphorus is nontoxic).Phosphorus poisoningo Phosphorus is a protoplasmic poison affecting cellular oxidation and causing anoxic necorbiosis, classically affecting li... |
medmcqa_7467 | medmcqa | <ctx>
baths. it is crucial to proceed gradually in order to avoid the overly rapid release of salts that could cause additional damage to the object. removal of calcareous and siliceous deposits the calcareous and siliceous deposits, though difficult to remove as they are fused on the object's surface, can be mechanica... | [
"Choledochoscope",
"Palpation",
"Cholangiogram",
"ERCP"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Cholangiogram o "An operative cholangiogram at time of cholecystectomy will also demonstrate presence or absance of bile duct stones".o "If a CBD exploration was performed and a T-tube left in place, a T-tube cholangiogram is done before its removal". |
medmcqa_5032 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##algia and numerous chronic pain conditions frequently coexist. these include chronic tension headaches, myofascial pain syndrome, and temporomandibular disorders. multiple sclerosis, post - polio syndrome, neuropathic pain, and parkinson's disease are four neurological disorders that have been linked to pain or... | [
"Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid",
"Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid",
"Anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid",
"Follicular carcinoma of the thyroid"
] | A | Ans. A. Medullary carcinoma of the thyroidMEN 2a: Sipple syndromeMEN 2ba. Thyroid; Medullary thyroid carcinomaa. Thyroid: Medullary thyroid carcinomab. Pheochromocytomab. Pheochromocytomac. Parathyroid hyperplasiac. Mucosal neuromas and Marfanoid appearance |
aquarat_22384 | aquarat | <ctx>
of these interest and principal payments must equal the cumulative fixed payments at time t i. e. mat. evaluating the first integral on the right we obtain an expression for i ( t ), the interest paid : unsurprisingly the second integral evaluates to p0 − p ( t ) and therefore : the reader may easily verify that ... | [
"A)s. 5266",
"B)s. 5396",
"C)s. 5228",
"D)s. 5218"
] | B | Explanation:
Let us assume Mr. Karan borrowed amount is Rs. A. (the principal)
By formula of simple interest, S.I. = PRT / 100
Where P = The principal, R = Rate of interest as a %, T = Time in years
S.I. = (P * 6 * 9)/100 = 54 P/100
Amount = Principal + S.I.
8310 = P + (54P/100)
8310 = (100P + 54P)/100
8310 = 154P/100
... |
arc_easy_2114 | arc_easy | <ctx>
visualize the transfer of energy. matter undergoing chemical reactions and physical changes can release or absorb heat. a change that releases heat is called an exothermic process. for example, the combustion reaction that occurs when using an oxyacetylene torch is an exothermic process — this process also releas... | [
"It gives off heat energy and is hot to the touch.",
"It absorbs heat energy and is cold to the touch.",
"It gives off light energy and produces visible light.",
"It gives off water and is wet to the touch."
] | B | |
arc_easy_241 | arc_easy | <ctx>
indications of waterborne debris and sediment transport. defined river or stream bed and banks. the catchment area exceeds. usgs regression on the vhd data layer - oriented application on the probability of intermittent flow. the existence of aquatic organisms that require uninterrupted circulation. as shown by b... | [
"condense",
"evaporate",
"freeze",
"melt"
] | D | |
aquarat_10552 | aquarat | <ctx>
joshi claims fdi will help the farm sector improve critical infrastructure and integrate farmer - consumer relationship. today, the existing retail has not been able to supply fresh vegetables to the consumers because they have not invested in the backward integration. when the farmers'produce reaches the end con... | [
"A)No profit, no loss",
"B)5%",
"C)8%",
"D)10%"
] | B | C.P. of 56 kg rice=Rs.(26x20 + 30x36)= Rs.(520 + 1080)=Rs. 1600.
S.P. of 56 kg rice = Rs. (56 x 30) = Rs. 1680.
Gain =(80/1600) x 100 % = 5%.
answer :B |
openbookqa_859 | openbookqa | <ctx>
computer hardware includes the physical parts of a computer, such as the case, central processing unit ( cpu ), random access memory ( ram ), monitor, mouse, keyboard, computer data storage, graphics card, sound card, speakers and motherboard. by contrast, software is the set of instructions that can be stored an... | [
"money",
"positive ions",
"a mommy",
"youtube"
] | B | |
aquarat_3465 | aquarat | <ctx>
upper ) ; update s : s. lower : = s. upper ; s. upper : = s. upper + i. height ; s. itemwidth : = i. width ; else in this case, place the item next to another one at the same level and split the corresponding sub - strip at this position. find s ∈ s _ 2 with the smallest s. lower ; place i at position ( s. xposit... | [
"A)4",
"B)7",
"C)8",
"D)13"
] | C | Assume the sides to be x and y.
Perimeter = 2x + 2y = 42
Hence x + y = 21 - (i)
Area = xy = 104 - (ii)
Since these are the sides of a billboard, we are dealing with positive numbers only and the options tell us that they are integers.
104 can be written as a product of two numbers as 104*1 or 52*2 or 26*4 or 13*8
Of th... |
pubmedqa_998 | pubmedqa | <ctx>
##tokines are immediately used and destroyed in a healing wound. the harmony between cytokines and their supporting fibrin matrix has much more importance than any other platelet derivatives. dentistry ridge preservation ridge preservation ( colloquially socket preservation ), a procedure to reduce bone loss afte... | [
"yes",
"no",
"maybe"
] | A | |
medmcqa_803 | medmcqa | <ctx>
the medical genetics of jews have been studied to identify and prevent some rare genetic diseases that, while still rare, are more common than average among people of jewish descent. there are several autosomal recessive genetic disorders that are more common than average in ethnically jewish populations, particu... | [
"Case Contral Study",
"Cohort study",
"Cross-sectional study",
"Case report"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Case Control Study " The association of consanguinity with complex disorders can be studied using different approaches. For example, epidemialogial surveys could compare the frequency of a disorder in the progeny offirst cousin parents with that of unrelated parents, whereas case-control studies could... |
mmlu_aux_3888 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
most common families of desert plants are the cacti, which are covered in sharp spines or bristles for defence against herbivory. the bristles on certain cacti also have the ability to reflect sunlight, such as those of the old man cactus. certain xerophytes, like oleander, feature stomata that are recessed as a ... | [
"How plants' \"self-irrigating\" mechanism works",
"How plants growing in the desert survive",
"The desert plants growing in the Negev Desert",
"The world's first \"self-watering\" plant discovered"
] | D | null |
aquarat_40314 | aquarat | <ctx>
stock under different stock valuation methods can be confusing. another example is modelling labour variances with learning curve corrections and stock level changes. with the absence of a basic profit model in an algebraic form, confident development of such models is difficult. the development of spreadsheets h... | [
"A)Gain of 5.5 %",
"B)Gain of 12.5 %",
"C)Loss of 5.5 %",
"D)Loss of 12.5 %"
] | D | Explanation:
Let C.P. of each apple be Re 1/-.
Therefore,
C.P. of 40 apples = Rs. 40
S.P. of 40 apples = Rs. 35
C.P. of 40 apples > S.P. of 40 apples
Loss = 40 – 35 = Rs. 5
Loss% = Loss/c.p. ×100
Loss% = 5/40 ×100
Loss% = 12.5%
ANSWER IS D |
medmcqa_9058 | medmcqa | <ctx>
99 – 159. robert k. crane. " digestion and absorption : water - soluble organics ". international review of physiology, gastrointestinal physiology ii, vol. 12, robert k. crane, ed., university park press, 1977, pp. 325 – 365. robert k. crane. " intestinal structure and function related to toxicity ". environment... | [
"Proteins",
"Lactose",
"Phytic Acid",
"Acidity"
] | C | |
aquarat_2224 | aquarat | <ctx>
in number theory and computer science, the partition problem, or number partitioning, is the task of deciding whether a given multiset s of positive integers can be partitioned into two subsets s1 and s2 such that the sum of the numbers in s1 equals the sum of the numbers in s2. although the partition problem is ... | [
"A)(a) 61250",
"B)(b) 65525",
"C)(c) 42455",
"D)(d) 62525"
] | D | The question is based heavily on pattern-matching skills, and is far more 'layered' than what you would likely see on the Official GMAT on this subject. You'll likely find it easiest to define the patterns one-at-a-time, so that you can see how they impact the question.
To start, we're given information on the sub-sets... |
medmcqa_7310 | medmcqa | <ctx>
, may also be a favorable environment for the growth of an infectious agent, as coming into contact with a vehicle leads to its transmission. vector transmission occurs most often from insect bites from mosquitoes, flies, fleas, and ticks. there are two sub - categories of vectors : mechanical ( an insect transmi... | [
"Epidemic typhus",
"Kala-azar",
"Relapsing fever",
"Trench fever"
] | B | Kala-azar by Sandfly Trypanosomiasis African - Tsetse fly American (Chagas) - Triatomine bug Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 25th Edition, Pg 836 |
aquarat_31694 | aquarat | <ctx>
at least 2, by reduction from the partition problem. schulz and skutella present a ( 3 / 2 + ε ) - approximation algorithm using randomized rounding. their algorithm is a ( 2 + ε ) - approximation for the problem with job release times, r | |. maximizing the profit bar - noy, bar - yehuda, freund, naor and schieb... | [
"A)9/20",
"B)11/20",
"C)11/32",
"D)13/40"
] | D | The two slowest people work at rates of 1/5 and 1/8 of the job per hour.
The sum of these rates is 1/5 + 1/8 = 13/40 of the job per hour.
The answer is D. |
medmcqa_9624 | medmcqa | <ctx>
dentinogenesis is the formation of dentin, a substance that forms the majority of teeth. dentinogenesis is performed by odontoblasts, which are a special type of biological cell on the outer wall of dental pulps, and it begins at the late bell stage of a tooth development. the different stages of dentin formation... | [
"Canine",
"Molar",
"Incisors",
"Premolar"
] | B | First and the last tooth to erupt in permanent dentition is Molars. |
openbookqa_1899 | openbookqa | <ctx>
the international astronomical union ( iau ) defined in august 2006 that, in the solar system, a planet is a celestial body that : is in orbit around the sun, has sufficient mass to assume hydrostatic equilibrium ( a nearly round shape ), and has " cleared the neighbourhood " around its orbit. a non - satellite b... | [
"Earth",
"Pluto",
"Mars",
"the Sun"
] | B | |
aquarat_36085 | aquarat | <ctx>
< 9. 99 : order = 50 if 9. 99 < = price < 19. 99 : order = 30 if price > = 19. 99 : order = 10 a. if price < 9. 99 : order = 50 else : order = 30 order = 10 b. if price < 9. 99 : order = 50 elif price < 19. 99 : order = 30 elif price = = 19. 99 : order = 10 c. if price < 9. 99 : order = 50
a relative price is th... | [
"A)2379",
"B)2600",
"C)9288",
"D)9000"
] | B | Let their prices be 3x, 5x and 7x.
Then, 3x + 5x + 7x = (10000 * 3) or x = 866.6.
Cost of cheapest item = 3x = Rs. 2600.
Answer: B |
aquarat_47178 | aquarat | <ctx>
who chooses to participate in a competition takes an " individual " test that corresponds to his or her level of competition. all competitions include this feature. most individual tests consist of 30 multiple - choice questions ( not including tie - breakers ), a - e, where answer choice " e " is " none of the a... | [
"A)N +12",
"B)N +6",
"C)N +3",
"D)N +8"
] | B | Total of 1st 5 tests= 5N
6th test score = N + 36
Total of all 6 tests = 6N + 36
Average = N +6
Answer : B |
aquarat_17239 | aquarat | <ctx>
later in the form of rain. turnover time if the flow is steady and conservative, the mean residence time equals the ratio between the amount of fluid contained in the control volume and the flow rate through it : this ratio is commonly known as the turnover time or flushing time. when applied to liquids, it is al... | [
"A)24hrs",
"B)60hrs",
"C)70hrs",
"D)80hrs"
] | A | time taken to full the cistern=(1/8-1/12)hrs
=1/24
=24hrs
ANSWER:A |
qasc_5075 | qasc | <ctx>
in electronics, an electronic switch is a switch controlled by an active electronic component or device. without using moving parts, they are called solid state switches, which distinguishes them from mechanical switches. electronic switches are considered binary devices because they dramatically change the condu... | [
"Ocean currents",
"something with fuses.",
"Veins and arteries.",
"circulatory systems"
] | B | |
medmcqa_5214 | medmcqa | <ctx>
death. later, he quickly dressed nonoi in dry clothes, brought her to his parents'flat and laid her on a bed, making it so that she was sleeping. he even take precautions and stood by the bedroom door to not allow anyone disturb her and tell everyone to keep quiet ; he was afraid, he said, to let anyone know that... | [
"Mummification",
"Greenish discolouration of RIF",
"Putrefaction",
"Maggot formation"
] | B | Greenish discolouration of RIF |
medmcqa_563 | medmcqa | <ctx>
/ s41588 - 020 - 0625 - 2 allele - specific epigenetic activity in prostate cancer and normal prostate tissue implicates prostate cancer risk mechanisms. shetty a, seo jh, bell ca, o'connor ep, pomerantz mm, freedman ml, gusev a. the american journal of human genetics. 108 ( 11 ) : 2071 - 2085. doi : 10. 1016 / j... | [
"Acute prostatitis",
"BPH",
"Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasm",
"Prostatic needle biopsy"
] | C | Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia ( PIN) is a precancerous condition; not detected by rectal examination, TRUS , or MRI; does not cause rise in PSA level . It is usually identified after TURP for BPH with final histology or by prostatic biopsy.Reference: page1048 SRB&;s manual of surgery 5th edition |
aquarat_26023 | aquarat | <ctx>
100, which immediately proves that 100 is not prime. every positive integer except 1 is divisible by at least one prime number by the fundamental theorem of arithmetic. therefore the algorithm need only search for prime divisors less than / equal to. for another example, consider how this algorithm determines the... | [
"A)21",
"B)31",
"C)41",
"D)11"
] | A | Ans is A
A prime number has itself and 1 as the only factors. e.g. 2, 3, 7, 11, 19. Factors of 21 = {1 , 3 , 7 , 21} => 21 is not a prime number |
qasc_4692 | qasc | <ctx>
manifest themselves as changes to the location, amount and composition of sediments. legacy effects are temporally and spatially variable and the resulting sediment have varying spatial extents, accumulation rates and residence times within a river system. for example, removal of beaver dams may initially cause l... | [
"less wind",
"dry soil",
"coastlines",
"flooding"
] | B | |
aquarat_14672 | aquarat | <ctx>
##0 = d. then γ an integer and γ = 1 γ ≤ 0 the value of is. to begin with, we shall simplify matters by concentrating a particular value of and generalise the result at a later stage. we shall use the value. the indicial equation has a root at, and we see from the recurrence relation that when that that denominat... | [
"A)x > 0.4",
"B)x < 1/3",
"C)-1/3 < x < 0.4, x > 15/2",
"D)-1/3 < x < 0, x > 2/5"
] | D | Explanatory Answer
We can rewrite the above inequality as 15x - 2/x- 1 > 0
i.e., 15x2−2−x/x> 0
i.e., 15x2−6x+5x−2/x> 0
Factorize the quadratic expression: (5x−2)(3x+1)/x > 0
The above inequality will hold good if the numerator and denominator are both positive or are both negative.
Possibility 1: When (5x - 2)(3x + 1) ... |
qasc_7350 | qasc | <ctx>
alkali and alkaline earth metals the abundant inorganic elements act as ionic electrolytes. the most important ions are sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, phosphate, and bicarbonate. the maintenance of precise gradients across cell membranes maintains osmotic pressure and ph. ions are also critical ... | [
"bottles",
"countertops",
"soil",
"pockets"
] | C | |
mmlu_aux_8232 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
1. 2 • phases and classification of matter 15 figure 1. 8 ( a ) the mass of beer precursor materials is the same as the mass of beer produced : sugar has become alcohol and carbon dioxide. ( b ) the mass of the lead, lead oxide, and sulfuric acid consumed by the production of electricity is exactly equal to the m... | [
"hair",
"shoes",
"inner sustenance canals",
"beach"
] | C | null |
medmcqa_9785 | medmcqa | <ctx>
capnocytophaga spp and prevotella intermedia were the most frequently detected microorganisms in a study, which also noted that capnocytophaga spp was the most prominent bacteria in subgingival samples of patients with aggressive periodontitis. an impaired ability of peripheral blood lymphocytes to react to chemo... | [
"Downey cells.",
"Raquet cells.",
"Arbiskov cells.",
"None of the above."
] | A | |
mmlu_aux_2470 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
astronomy is a natural science that studies celestial objects and phenomena. it uses mathematics, physics, and chemistry in order to explain their origin and evolution. objects of interest include planets, moons, stars, nebulae, galaxies, meteoroids, asteroids, and comets. relevant phenomena include supernova exp... | [
"telescopes",
"spectroscopes",
"radio telescopes",
"spaceships"
] | A | null |
openbookqa_1600 | openbookqa | <ctx>
a public member speaks into a microphone, it records his or her voice, then immediately plays back the voice of a previous participant, as an echo from the past. standards and double standards is an interactive installation that consists of 10 to 100 fastened belts that are suspended at waist height from stepper ... | [
"vocalizing",
"sleeping",
"thinking",
"waiting"
] | A | |
aquarat_41204 | aquarat | <ctx>
element of the array can ever end up in its original position. similarly, always selecting j from the entire range of valid array indices on every iteration also produces a result which is biased, albeit less obviously so. this can be seen from the fact that doing so yields nn distinct possible sequences of swaps... | [
"A)1/4",
"B)3/8",
"C)1/2",
"D)5/8"
] | D | for w Total numbers 8*12
There are 12 numbers divisible by 8 -> 3*12 (if 8 is an example - (6,7,8), (7,8,9), (8,9,10))
and 12 numbers divisible by 4 but not divisible by 8 -> 2*12 (if 4 is an example (2,3,4) and (4,5,6))
The answer 5/8 -> D |
mmlu_aux_6894 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
##rika, midnight ) are lost but can be partly reconstructed from the discussion in brahmagupta's khandakhadyaka. in some texts, he seems to ascribe the apparent motions of the heavens to the earth's rotation. he may have believed that the planet's orbits as elliptical rather than circular. motions of the solar sy... | [
"Orion",
"the Moon",
"Jupiter",
"Pluto"
] | C | null |
qasc_3647 | qasc | <ctx>
at least 1kb. s. pombe pathways and cellular processes s. pombe gene products ( proteins and rnas ) participate in many cellular processes common across all life. the fission yeast go slim provides a categorical high level overview of the biological role of all s. pombe gene products. life cycle the fission yeast... | [
"illness",
"Winter",
"disease",
"death"
] | D | |
mmlu_aux_2850 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
##ing organic material. the eggs are laid side by side, perpendicular to the ground. it is still unknown how long it takes for the eggs to hatch. larvae the larvae are aquatic, but there must be enough solid food for the larva to complete development. this is why they are found in water with high levels of organi... | [
"science fiction novel",
"science news report",
"biography of researchers",
"social affairs report"
] | B | null |
openbookqa_2217 | openbookqa | <ctx>
malate dehydrogenase. malate is then transported via malate shuttles into the vacuole, where it is converted into the storage form malic acid. in contrast to pep - c kinase, pep - c is synthesized all the time but almost inhibited at daylight either by dephosphorylation via pep - c phosphatase or directly by bind... | [
"magic",
"candy",
"sustenance",
"cars"
] | C | |
aquarat_48720 | aquarat | <ctx>
stock under different stock valuation methods can be confusing. another example is modelling labour variances with learning curve corrections and stock level changes. with the absence of a basic profit model in an algebraic form, confident development of such models is difficult. the development of spreadsheets h... | [
"A)15%",
"B)5%",
"C)10%",
"D)25%"
] | C | let the market price of each pen be Rs 1
then,C.P of 40 pens = Rs 36
S.P of 40 pens =99% of Rs 40=Rs 39.60
profit %=((3.60*100)/36) %=10%
Answer is C. |
medmcqa_5746 | medmcqa | <ctx>
the ureters have been resited as a result of surgery, for example due to a kidney transplant or due to past surgery for vesicoureteric reflux, that site may also become narrowed. a narrowed ureter may lead to ureteric enlargement ( ) and cause swelling of the kidneys ( hydronephrosis ). associated symptoms may in... | [
"Acute glomerulonephritis",
"Acute Pyelonephritis",
"Chronic glomerulonephritis",
"Nephrotic syndrome"
] | A | |
medmcqa_2047 | medmcqa | <ctx>
, e ; eden, c ; hogg, t ; northcott, p ; mack, s ; neale, g ; wang, y ; coyle, b ; atkinson, j ; dewire, m ; kranenburg, ta ; gillespie, y ; allen, jc ; merchant, t ; boop, fa ; sanford, ra ; gajjar, a. “ nature ”, july 2010 adult ependymal tumors : prognosis and the m. d. anderson cancer center experience. armst... | [
"Diffuse serous labyrinthitis",
"Purulent labyrinthitis",
"Petrositis",
"Latent mastoiditis"
] | C | In a patient with CSOM, persistent ear discharge with or without deep seated pain in spite of an adequate coical or modified mastoidectomy points towards petrositis. Spread of infection from middle ear and mastoid to the petrous pa of temporal bone is petrositis it can also involve adjacent 5th cranial nerve and 6" cra... |
mmlu_aux_4612 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
##fflers are compared to house servants, and bunnydogs to pizza delivery men. bunnydogs perform basic maintenance tasks on the tribal level, while on a family unit level, snufflers clean up dwellings by eating up any waste. enterprise fish : these are the largest chtorran creatures known. these creatures go throu... | [
"Animals can't eat animals.",
"All the fish in the deep sea have no eyes.",
"The deeper the sea is, the less sunlight there is.",
"The deep sea is a very safe living place for all kinds of sea animals."
] | C | null |
qasc_7338 | qasc | <ctx>
the field of psychology has been greatly influenced by the study of genetics. decades of research have demonstrated that both genetic and environmental factors play a role in a variety of behaviors in humans and animals ( e. g. grigorenko & sternberg, 2003 ). the genetic basis of aggression, however, remains poor... | [
"to move people",
"population movement",
"adrenaline to surge",
"hypothyroidism"
] | C | |
arc_easy_1365 | arc_easy | <ctx>
period ( approximately march to june ). moreover, speciation determines how to control mercury emissions to air. for example, emissions of inorganic mercuric compounds ( such as mercuric chloride ) are captured reasonably well by some control devices ( such as wet - scrubbers ), while capture of elemental mercury... | [
"The organisms built up a resistance to the mercury.",
"The mercury passed through the food chain.",
"The plankton made the mercury safe.",
"The fish would not eat the plankton."
] | B | |
openbookqa_2827 | openbookqa | <ctx>
they used the video to determine the mathematical distribution of time spent during each saccade and time spent with their heads still and found that the time between each saccade varied depending on external environmental cues, which changed as the hawks honed in on their target. notably, this behavior is simila... | [
"mental capacity",
"will power",
"feather color",
"size"
] | D | |
openbookqa_592 | openbookqa | <ctx>
regained popularity once again in the 2010s, in addition to other self - induced abortion methods. these self - helpers are following the 1970s methods of teaching by meeting in other women's homes, performing cervix examinations on each other, and learning menstrual extraction directly from other women. one new ... | [
"pills",
"waste",
"blood",
"flu"
] | B | |
mmlu_aux_3706 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
" bent " in this chart is of course an artifact of our choice of comoving coordinates in which the world lines of the dust particles appear as vertical coordinate lines. a genuine paradox let us draw the light cones for some typical events in the van stockum dust, to see how their appearance ( in our comoving cyl... | [
"some of his wheat had been damaged",
"his grain was growing up in circles.",
"his grain was moved into several circles",
"some of his wheat had fallen onto the ground."
] | D | null |
qasc_2244 | qasc | <ctx>
an international effort to use the dog system as a model for genetics and genomics, with a special application to cancer research. other objectives include finding genes responsible for breed - specific diseases that can inform the genetics of similar diseases in humans. using this information, scientists hope to... | [
"Harm or pain",
"high temperature",
"hate",
"friction"
] | A | |
medmcqa_2446 | medmcqa | <ctx>
, e ; eden, c ; hogg, t ; northcott, p ; mack, s ; neale, g ; wang, y ; coyle, b ; atkinson, j ; dewire, m ; kranenburg, ta ; gillespie, y ; allen, jc ; merchant, t ; boop, fa ; sanford, ra ; gajjar, a. “ nature ”, july 2010 adult ependymal tumors : prognosis and the m. d. anderson cancer center experience. armst... | [
"Stomach",
"Brain",
"Intestine",
"Tonsils"
] | A | *Lymphomas are divided broadly into Hodgkins and Non-Hodgkin&;s lymphomas. *Two-thirds of Non-Hodgkin&;s lymphoma present as generalized lymphadenopathy(Nodal sites).*One third of the cases present at an extranodal site. *Extra nodal sites include the gastrointestinal tract, upper aerodigestive tract, salivary glands, ... |
mmlu_aux_4496 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
it then creates fighter cells that attack the parasite / virus ; literally, causing a war within the body. a virus can affect any part of the body causing a wide range of illnesses such as the flu, the common cold, and sexually transmitted diseases. the flu is an airborne virus that travels through tiny droplets ... | [
"because you read this sentence,a large number of lymphocytes have been consumed",
".this sentence contributes to the increase of the number of lymphocytes in your body",
"the number of lymphocytes in your body is extremely large",
"you would not realize that lymphocytes reproduce themselves rapidly but for t... | C | null |
medmcqa_7809 | medmcqa | <ctx>
robert louis & william c. ward, 1957 : brazos river bar : a study in the significance of grain size parameters ; jour. sediment. petrol., vol. 27, no. 1 / march, p. 3 - 26 george herdan, m. l. smith & w. h. hardwick ( 1960 ) : small particle statistics. 2nd revised edition, butterworths ( london, toronto, etc. ),... | [
"0 .1 mm",
"0.2",
"0.5",
"0.4 to 0.7 mm"
] | D | Rapid sand filter → 0.4 - 0.7 mm
Slow sand filter → 0.2 - 0.3 |
arc_easy_1504 | arc_easy | <ctx>
other cultivated land. behaviour and ecology the black - winged myna feeds on a variety of items, including fruit, nectar and insects. it feeds in small groups and in pairs, both in trees and on the ground. it roosts communally at night in groups, sometimes with other starling species like the bali starling. it i... | [
"attract a better mate",
"compete for resources",
"migrate during the winter",
"blend in with the environment"
] | B | |
medmcqa_3387 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##dolph ac ( eds ) ( 2000 ) experimental and clinical neurotoxicology. oxford university press, oxford, pp. 1310. usepa ( united states environmental protection agency ) ( 1998 ) health effects test guidelines. oppts 870. 6200. neurotoxicity screening battery. washington dc, usepa. vahidnia, a., g. b. van der voe... | [
"Halothane",
"Chloroform",
"Ether",
"Propofol"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e.. Propofol o Following are the groups of hepatotoxic anesthetic agents:i) Group I: Drugs with well known hepatotoxic potential and containing Chlorine or bromine. Eg: chloroform,ii) Group II: Drugs which contain fluorine Eg: halothane, methoxyflurane. o Desflurane, enflurane, sevoflurane, isoflurane, ni... |
medmcqa_3315 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##tric cancer or breast cancer, and thus promotes osteogenesis, contributes to hepatocellular carcinoma progression, promotes proliferation and metastasis, or indirectly regulates expression of proteins involved in cancer aggressiveness, respectively. prader – willi syndrome the deletion of the 48 copies of the c... | [
"Sickle cell anemia",
"Thalassemia",
"Marfan syndrome",
"EDS"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Thalassemiao Defective splicing (defect in snurps) is the most common mutation causing thalassemia,o Molecular defect in pathogens is of thalassemia:-b-Thalassemiao Most common type of genetic abnormality in b-thalassemia is point mutation i.e., nonsense.o Some may also occur due to deletion or insert... |
mmlu_aux_5123 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
that an observer in an inertial reference frame does not see objects he would describe as moving faster than the speed of light. however, in the non - inertial reference frame of earth, treating a spot on the earth as a fixed point, the stars are observed to move in the sky, circling once about the earth per day.... | [
"a star was speeding away very fast.",
"a stars was moving away very slowly.",
"some stars were not real.",
"some stars were not in the Milky Way."
] | A | null |
mmlu_aux_1935 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
a previously smooth flow ) may cause ripple effects ( a cascading failure ) which then spread out and create a sustained traffic jam when, otherwise, the normal flow might have continued for some time longer. separation of work and residential areas people often work and live in different parts of the city. many ... | [
"It has much less participants than the London Marathon in 2014.",
"It has a shorter distance than the London Marathon.",
"The route was changed because the traditional one is not safe any longer.",
"The participants running this marathon will pass a tunnel because this choice is safer."
] | C | null |
medmcqa_7409 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##yme ". the minimal trans - acting hammerhead ribozyme sequence that is catalytically active consists of three base - paired stems flanking a central core of 15 conserved ( mostly invariant ) nucleotides, as shown. the conserved central bases, with few exceptions, are essential for ribozyme's catalytic activity.... | [
"Ribonuclease P",
"Peptidyl transferase",
"Sn RNA",
"All of the above"
] | D | RNA with catalytic activity is known as Ribozyme. All the 3 enzymes given as Options are Ribozymes. |
qasc_6127 | qasc | <ctx>
. ( see figure 34. 13. ) we have observed x rays from certain binary star systems that are consistent with such a picture. this is not quite proof of black holes, because the x rays could also be caused by matter falling onto a neutron star. these objects were first discovered in 1967 by the british astrophysicis... | [
"small",
"dead",
"new",
"SO2"
] | B | |
pubmedqa_117 | pubmedqa | <ctx>
a healthy diet, regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight and not smoking. sometimes medication for diabetes, high cholesterol, or high blood pressure are also used. there is limited evidence for screening people who are at low risk and do not have symptoms. treatment involves the same measures as prevention... | [
"yes",
"no",
"maybe"
] | A | |
mmlu_aux_3794 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
, and the philippines was common. extinct mediterranean population it has been confirmed that dugongs once inhabited the water of the mediterranean possibly until after the rise of civilizations along the inland sea. this population possibly shared ancestry with the red sea population, and the mediterranean popul... | [
"it doesn't travel far",
"it is good at swimming",
"its spines can be used to attack the enemy and escape",
"it is only found in the coastal waters of north-west North America"
] | B | null |
aquarat_36684 | aquarat | <ctx>
9. 46 m / s 26. × 27. equating and, we obtain 29. ( a ) ( b ) this is much, much longer than human time scales. 30. × 32. ( a ) 40 ( b ) 8 million 34. $ 149 36. ( a ) ( b ) 141 s 38. ( a ) 3. 20 s ( b ) 4. 04 s 40. ( a ) × ( b ) 42. identify knowns :,,, identify unknowns : power of the car, force that car applies... | [
"A)7",
"B)8",
"C)9",
"D)6"
] | B | 30 --- 3 DS = 10
? ---- 1
18 ---- 3 US = 6
? ---- 1 M = ?
M = (10 + 6)/2 = 8
Answer: B |
medmcqa_1582 | medmcqa | <ctx>
with h. kallberg et al. : gene - gene and gene - environment interactions involving hla - drb1, ptpn22, and smoking in two subsets of rheumatoid arthritis, american j. hum. genetics, vol. 80, 2007, pp. 867 - 875 with e. f. remmers et al. : stat4 and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosu... | [
"Osteosclerosis of joint",
"Soft tissue swelling",
"Narrowing of joint space",
"Periaicular osteoporosis"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Osteosclerosis of joint Radiological features of RA Following features are seen on X-ray :- Reduced joint space Erosion of aicular margins Subchondral cysts Juxta-aicular rarefaction Soft tissue shadow at the level of the joint because of joint effusion or synol hyperophy Deformities of the hand and f... |
openbookqa_117 | openbookqa | <ctx>
the coal question ; an inquiry concerning the progress of the nation, and the probable exhaustion of our coal mines is a book that economist william stanley jevons wrote in 1865 to explore the implications of britain's reliance on coal. given that coal was a finite, non - renewable energy resource, jevons raised ... | [
"constructs with difficulty",
"makes everything sanitary",
"shines in light",
"cools the air"
] | A | |
arc_easy_1567 | arc_easy | <ctx>
bioenergetics is a field in biochemistry and cell biology that concerns energy flow through living systems. this is an active area of biological research that includes the study of the transformation of energy in living organisms and the study of thousands of different cellular processes such as cellular respirat... | [
"produced in vacuoles.",
"converted from solar energy.",
"developed by centrioles.",
"stored as kinetic energy."
] | B | |
arc_challenge_349 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
1. 2 phases and classification of matter learning objectives by the end of this section, you will be able to : • describe the basic properties of each physical state of matter : solid, liquid, and gas • distinguish between mass and weight • apply the law of conservation of matter • classify matter as an element, ... | [
"more kinetic energy than the solid state.",
"more mass than the solid state.",
"less kinetic energy than the solid state.",
"less volume than the solid state."
] | A | |
medmcqa_9195 | medmcqa | <ctx>
for this purpose. most vcr designs require more than one signal to be coupled to the head drum. in this case, the cup core has more than one concentric winding, isolated by individual raised portions of the core. the transformer for the head drum shown to the right couples six individual channels. another use is ... | [
"Anterior ethmoidal",
"Posterior ethmoidal",
"Auriculotemporal",
"Mandibular"
] | C | The anterior cranial fossa is supplied by
Anterior and posterior ethmoidal nerves (major supply);
Nervus meninges medius (a branch of maxillary nerve); and nervus spinosus (a branch of mandibular nerve). |
medmcqa_2348 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##idants on phagocyte - induced mutagenesis in bacteria. j. immunol. 1982 ; 128 : 2770 - 2772. 70. zaner ks, stossel tp. some perspectives on the viscosity of actin filaments. j cell biol. 1982 ; 93 : 987 - 991. 72. lind se, yin hl, stossel tp. human platelets contain gelsolin, a regulator of actin filament lengt... | [
"Reduced MCHC",
"Normocytic anemia",
"Positive pink test",
"Normal WBC count"
] | A | Laboratory diagnosis of hereditary spherocytosis The anemia is usually normocytic. Increase in mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)- (The only condition in which an increased MCHC is seen.) The diagnosis is on the basis of red cell morphology and osmotic fragility, a modified version called the pink test. R... |
arc_easy_817 | arc_easy | <ctx>
evidenced by the many impact craters on the moon. during this period, some of the protoplanets may have collided and one such collision may have formed the moon. once a planet reaches sufficient mass, the materials of different densities segregate within, during planetary differentiation. this process can form a ... | [
"eruptions of active volcanoes",
"the impacts of many meteoroids",
"shifting rock on the Moon's surface (\"moonquakes\")",
"tidal forces caused by the Earth and Sun"
] | B | |
arc_easy_1855 | arc_easy | <ctx>
1. 67493 10−24 table 2. 2 the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom is its atomic number ( z ). this is the defining trait of an element : its value determines the identity of the atom. for example, any atom that contains six protons is the element carbon and has the atomic number 6, regardless of how many ... | [
"atomic mass",
"atomic radius",
"electrical charge",
"electrical potential"
] | A | |
medmcqa_7412 | medmcqa | <ctx>
bottom of a gum pocket 4 – 5 mm deep, bacteria stagnate in these sites and have the opportunity to proliferate into periodontal disease - causing colonies. once bacterial plaque has infiltrated the pocket, the transformation from biofilm into calculus continues. this results in an ulceration in the lining of the ... | [
"Clinical examination",
"X–Ray",
"CT scan",
"MRI"
] | D | MRI is the best radiographic imaging technique for the identification of abscess and for differentiation between bone and soft tissue infection. |
qasc_6327 | qasc | <ctx>
table, the proximity to marine waters, and the influx of inorganic material into the swamp / bog " all affected the plants and " inorganic content " of the heath. cameron authored " the geology of selected peat - forming environments in temperate and tropical latitudes ", a study for the international journal of ... | [
"graptolites",
"erosion",
"vegetation",
"Sediment"
] | C | |
aquarat_905 | aquarat | <ctx>
and " xii " would be four strikes instead of twelve. clocks using this type of striking usually represent four o'clock on the dial with an " iv " rather than the more common " iiii ", so that the roman numerals correspond with the sequence of strikes on the high and low bells. one small table clock of this type s... | [
"A)11",
"B)12",
"C)22",
"D)24"
] | C | Sol.
The hands of a clock coincide 11 times in every 12 hours (Since between 11 and 1, they coincide only once, i.e. at 12 o’clock).
∴ The hands coincide 22 times in a day.
Answer C |
arc_easy_754 | arc_easy | <ctx>
is one where net production in winter is negative. chiswell thus suggests that the mechanisms of the dilution recoupling hypothesis are incidental, rather than a cause of the spring bloom. physiological considerations in addition to abiotic factors, recent studies have also examined the role of individual phytopl... | [
"availability of plants",
"concentration of bacteria",
"quality of water",
"number of consumers"
] | C | |
medmcqa_7049 | medmcqa | <ctx>
colonisation. crude birth rates from 1860 to 1899 the crude birth rate is the total number of live births per 1, 000 population in a year. source : australian bureau of statistics. historical distribution of the total population by age source : australian bureau of statistics. historical median age of the populat... | [
"Mid year population",
"Total population",
"Live births only",
"Pre-term births"
] | A | Crude birth rate : Number of live births in a year per 1000 mid-year population.
CBR is simplest indicator of fertility : Total mid-year population is not exposed to child bearing thus it doesnot give true idea of fertility of a population. |
medmcqa_9839 | medmcqa | <ctx>
, may also be a favorable environment for the growth of an infectious agent, as coming into contact with a vehicle leads to its transmission. vector transmission occurs most often from insect bites from mosquitoes, flies, fleas, and ticks. there are two sub - categories of vectors : mechanical ( an insect transmi... | [
"Parvovirus B-19",
"Hepatitis B",
"Epstein Bar virus",
"Cytomegalovirus"
] | C | Epstein-Barr virus is acquired saliva,either by droplet infection or environmental contamination in childhood or by kissing among among adolescents & adults.Infections transmitted by blood include hepatitis (HBV,HCV), CMV infection,syphilis,malaria,toxoplasmosis,HIV infection.Reference :Davidson's principles & practice... |
medmcqa_8161 | medmcqa | <ctx>
a healthy diet, regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight and not smoking. sometimes medication for diabetes, high cholesterol, or high blood pressure are also used. there is limited evidence for screening people who are at low risk and do not have symptoms. treatment involves the same measures as prevention... | [
"Endothelin receptor antagonist",
"Phosphodiesterase inhibitors",
"Calcium channel blockers",
"Beta blockers"
] | D | Refer kDT 6/e p 297 Vasodilators are used for the treatment of Pulmonary hypeension. Treatments include: endothelin receptor antagonists - such as bosentan, ambrisentan and macitentan phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors - sildenafil and tadalafil prostaglandins - epoprostenol, iloprost and treprostinil soluble guanylate cyc... |
medmcqa_1764 | medmcqa | <ctx>
t have a tougher time opening a door because they push lower than adults, they have a tougher time because they don ’ t push far enough from the hinges. ) 3.
hopping, jumping, and running back and forth, just for the sheer delight of performing these activities. however, the findings in the article " the relatio... | [
"4 months",
"6 months",
"8 months",
"10 months"
] | A | Ans: A (4 months) Ref: Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, 19th edition. Pg 27. Explanation: (See following table) Fine motor milestones MilestoneAverage age of attainment (in months)Developmental implicationsGrasps rattle3.5Object useReaches for objects4Visuomotor coordinationPalmar grasp gone4Voluntary releaseTransfers ob... |
medmcqa_3306 | medmcqa | <ctx>
be difficult because the viability of probiotics decreases sharply throughout the gastrointestinal tract due to strong acid conditions. although alginate ( alg ) is the most extensively used native microcapsule matrix, combining alg with sodium polyacrylate yields better results based on research comparing differ... | [
"Nitric acid",
"Hydrofluoric acid",
"Formic acid",
"Hydrochloric acid"
] | B | Hydrofluoric acid causes Hypocalcemia. Calcium based therapies are main stay of treating Hydrofluoric acid burns. Topical application of calcium gluconate onto wounds and IV administration of calcium gluconate for systemic symptoms. Intra-aerial calcium gluconate infusion provides effective treatment of progressive tis... |
openbookqa_34 | openbookqa | <ctx>
##s him to stay the night, but, the next morning, orders him to ask if his eldest daughter will become the wolf's wife, otherwise, the wolf and his brother will destroy his kingdom. the king returns home and asks his elder daughter if she consents to become the wolf's wife ; she declines. the next day, he repeats... | [
"kittens",
"wolf pups",
"fox pups",
"dog pups"
] | B | |
arc_challenge_537 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
32. 0 2595 5069 1211 uranium 1133 84 20 3900 1900 454 tungsten 3410 184 44 5900 4810 1150 table 14. 2 heats of fusion and vaporization 6 phase changes can have a tremendous stabilizing effect even on temperatures that are not near the melting and boiling points, because evaporation and condensation ( conversion o... | [
"It has melted.",
"It has sublimated.",
"It has evaporated.",
"It has condensed."
] | B | |
aquarat_13622 | aquarat | <ctx>
the investment vehicle that maximizes the profit. hence, conclusion : knowing the direction the market will go ( i. e. having perfect information ) is worth $ 350. discussion : if someone was selling information that guaranteed the accurate prediction of the future market direction, we would want to purchase this... | [
"A)337",
"B)375",
"C)297",
"D)266"
] | B | CP1 = 100 SP1 = 120
CP2 = 80 SP2 = 80 * (125/100) = 100
20 ----- 100
75 ----- ? => 375
Answer: B |
aquarat_27264 | aquarat | <ctx>
the answer should also have three significant figures. the answer 30. 0 km / hr does indeed have three significant figures, so this is appropriate. note that the significant figures in the conversion factor are not relevant because an hour is defined to be 60 minutes, so the precision of the conversion factor is ... | [
"A)19 km/hr",
"B)21 km/hr",
"C)24 km/hr",
"D)28 km/hr"
] | C | Let distance between his home and hospital =
d
d km
Total distance travelled
=
d
+
d
=
2
d
=d+d=2d km
Total time taken
=
d
60
+
(
d
2
)
10
+
(
d
2
)
30
=d60+(d2)10+(d2)30
=
d
60
+
d
20
+
d
60
=
5
d
60
=
d
12
=d60+d20+d60=5d60=d12 hr
Average speed in the whole journey
=
2
d
(
d
12
)
=
2
d
×
12
d
=
24
=2d(d12)=2d×12d=24 ... |
medmcqa_3384 | medmcqa | <ctx>
other than psychiatry, morphological abnormality per se is not considered sufficient cause to make a diagnosis of disease ; functional abnormality is the necessary condition. szasz's criticism of syndrome - based diagnoses is divorced from a consideration of the history of medicine. in medicine ( in general ) dis... | [
"Lytic bone lesions",
"Plasmacytosis greater than 20%",
"Plasmacytoma on biopsy",
"Monoclonal globulin spike on serum electrophoresis of > 2.5 g/dl for IgG, >1.5 g/dl for IgA"
] | C | Ans. (c) Plasmacytoma on biopsy(Ref: Wintrobes 12th/pg2377)Durie and Salmon criteria for diagnosis of Multiple myeloma.A minimum of 1 major and 1 minor criterion needed, although (1) + (a) is not sufficient, or 3 minor criteria that must include (a) and (b).However, International myeloma working group 2011 has revised ... |
qasc_2238 | qasc | <ctx>
the field of psychology has been greatly influenced by the study of genetics. decades of research have demonstrated that both genetic and environmental factors play a role in a variety of behaviors in humans and animals ( e. g. grigorenko & sternberg, 2003 ). the genetic basis of aggression, however, remains poor... | [
"ligt",
"death",
"harm",
"damage"
] | C | |
medmcqa_1731 | medmcqa | <ctx>
implicated in the development of diabetic foot ulcers are infection, older age, diabetic neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease, cigarette smoking, poor glycemic control, previous foot ulcerations or amputations, and ischemia of small and large blood vessels. prior history of foot disease, foot deformities that ... | [
"Irregular margins",
"Regular sharp margins",
"Tearing",
"Flaying"
] | B | Blunt force on areas where the skin is close to bone, and the subcutaneous tissues are scanty, may produce a wound which by linear splitting of the tissues, may look like incised wound. Lacerations produced without excessive skin crushing may have relatively regular sharp margins. Ref: The Essentials of Forensic Medici... |
qasc_526 | qasc | <ctx>
waste that is separated through these pre - treatment and reverse osmosis modules and taken to an energy recovery module, and any further excess is pumped back out through an outfall pipe. control equipment is used to monitor this process, to ensure it continues running smoothly. when the water is separated it is... | [
"Condensation",
"engines",
"Evaporation",
"Sublimation"
] | C | |
aquarat_30626 | aquarat | <ctx>
absolute deviation from the mean completion time. naval research logistics, 47, pp. 657 – 668. g. mosheiov. ( 2001 ). scheduling problems with learning effect. european journal of operational research, 132, pp. 687 – 693. g. mosheiov. ( 2002 ). the complexity of job - shop scheduling with deteriorating jobs. disc... | [
"A)a. 5",
"B)b. 8",
"C)c. 10",
"D)d. 12"
] | A | You might think of this in a management context - we can use the principle of 'person-hours' to solve any problem where we have identical workers. So, using simpler numbers, suppose you know that 6 identical employees, working simultaneously, would finish a job in 5 hours. Then that job requires 6*5 = 30 total hours of... |
aquarat_41089 | aquarat | <ctx>
the answer should also have three significant figures. the answer 30. 0 km / hr does indeed have three significant figures, so this is appropriate. note that the significant figures in the conversion factor are not relevant because an hour is defined to be 60 minutes, so the precision of the conversion factor is ... | [
"A)5.2 km/hr.",
"B)8.2 km/hr.",
"C)7.8 km/hr.",
"D)3.2 km/hr."
] | C | C
7.8 km/hr.
Speed=(600/5 * 60) m/sec
= 2.16 m/sec.
Converting m/sec to km/hr
=(2*18/5) km/hr
= 7.8 km/hr. |
openbookqa_291 | openbookqa | <ctx>
is the length of its shortest cycle ; this cycle is necessarily chordless. cages are defined as the smallest regular graphs with given combinations of degree and girth. a peripheral cycle is a cycle in a graph with the property that every two edges not on the cycle can be connected by a path whose interior vertic... | [
"a steady recurrence",
"none of these",
"a stagnant pattern",
"a circle shape"
] | A | |
medmcqa_2151 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##ted household contacts who cannot isolate away from the case is reduced from 24 days to 10 days ; fully vaccinated household contacts who can isolate away from the case and non - household contacts is reduced from 7 days to 5 days ; and unvaccinated household contacts who can isolate away from the case and non ... | [
"Erythromycin",
"Penicillin and diphtheria antitoxin",
"Penicillin, diphtheria antitoxin and DPT vaccine",
"No treatment is required"
] | C | Non immunized contacts should receive prophylactic penicillin or erythromycin. They should also be given 1000 to 2000 units of antitoxin and actively immunized against diphtheria. Ref: Park 21st edition, page 151. |
medmcqa_2140 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##lvian syndrome 33. 3 symmetric fetal growth restriction 40 % asymmetric fetal growth restriction 40 % nonimmune hydrops fetalis 15 % atresia ani 18. 2 % microcephalus 15. 4 % omphalocele 12. 5 % prematurity 40 % placental and amniotic fluid entities : amniotic sheet perpendicular to the placenta 50 % cornual – ... | [
"Wilm's tumor",
"Polycystic kidney",
"Neuroblastoma",
"Rhabdomyosarcoma"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Neuroblastoma The commonest intra-abdominal tumor in first two years of life Neuroblastoma The commonest intra-abdominal tumor between 2"d to 5th year of life - Wihn's tumor The commonest intra-abdominal tumor in children (no age specification) Neuroblastoma (Wilm's tumor is the second most common abd... |
openbookqa_2865 | openbookqa | <ctx>
motion, which can induce additional shower and thunderstorm activity. rainfall rates downwind of cities are increased between 48 % and 116 %. partly as a result of this warming, monthly rainfall is about 28 % greater between to downwind of cities, compared with upwind. some cities show a total precipitation incre... | [
"stay the same",
"decrease",
"expand",
"increase"
] | B | |
qasc_7367 | qasc | <ctx>
wireless device used as a substitute for a wire or cable connection, mainly to exchange files between portable devices and connect cellphones and music players with wireless earphones. microwave relay - a long - distance high bandwidth point - to - point data transmission link consisting of a dish antenna and tra... | [
"fibers",
"neurons",
"whispering",
"nokia"
] | D | |
mmlu_aux_3989 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
many private actors have seen commercial opportunities of eliminating space debris. it is estimated that by 2022 the global market for debris monitoring and removal will generate a revenue of around $ 2. 9 billion. for example, astroscale has contracted with european and japanese space agencies to develop the cap... | [
"SpaceShipTwo will be the first to fly.",
"Famous people will be the main passengers in the future.",
"The space trip is still in preparation.",
"Every space trip will be made into a film."
] | C | null |
medmcqa_337 | medmcqa | <ctx>
networks, as women also tend to have higher activity in the prefrontal and limbic regions, such as the anterior cingulate, bilateral amygdala, and right hippocampus, while men tend to have a distributed network spread out among the cerebellum, portions of the superior parietal lobe, the left insula, and bilateral... | [
"PCOS",
"Exogenous steroid ingestion",
"Turner syndrome",
"Kleinfelter syndrome"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., PCOS o The clinical and laboratory features of the patient described in the question match with those of PCOS as depicted in the table. So the most appropriate answer is PCOS.Clinical features of polycystic ovarian diseaseClinical featureHannonalSequelaeo Young womano | E2. levelo Diabaetes (15%)o Cen... |
aquarat_44810 | aquarat | <ctx>
. so the ratio is at most ( 1 + 1 / l - 1 / lm ). worst - case minimum sum in the worst case, the smallest sum in the returned partition is at least times the optimal ( maximum ) smallest sum. proof the proof is by contradiction. we consider a minimal counterexample, that is, a counterexample with a smallest m an... | [
"A)3:9",
"B)3:10",
"C)3:21",
"D)3:12"
] | B | Let the monthly incomes of Amar and Bhuvan be 6x and 5x respectively.
Let the monthly expenditure of Amar and Bhuvan be 3y and 2y respectively.
Savings of Bhuvan every month = 1/4(5x)
= (His income) - (His expenditure) = 5x - 2y.
=> 5x = 20x - 8y => y = 15x/8.
Ratio of savings of Amar and Bhuvan
= 6x - 3y : 1/4(5x) = 6... |
aquarat_22045 | aquarat | <ctx>
first density with the third ( or the second density with itself ). the sum of four variables has mean 0. the density shown in the figure at right has been rescaled by, so that its standard deviation is 1. this density appears qualitatively very similar to a normal density. no lumps can be distinguished by the ey... | [
"A)0",
"B)1",
"C)3",
"D)6"
] | B | Got the question correctly -- the second item -- [highlight]bthe list of elements in the set is required.[/highlight] is not required.
With the new information, there is only one integer value (-1) that is between (-1.375, -0.625) i.e., falls within the three 3 SD range.B |
qasc_7268 | qasc | <ctx>
hindered by much higher cost, confining it mostly to smaller - size bulbs. krypton mixed with xenon, where xenon improves the gas properties further due to its higher atomic weight. its use is however limited by its very high cost. the improvements by using xenon are modest in comparison to its cost. hydrogen, in... | [
"photons",
"energy",
"seeing",
"stay warm"
] | C | |
mmlu_aux_3477 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
##el - like blade, which is a modified scale, on either side of the caudal peduncle. some herrings, anchovies, and halfbeaks have deciduous scales, which are easily shed and aid in escaping predators. male percina darters have a row of enlarged caducous scales between the pelvic fins and the anus. porcupine fishe... | [
"the longtom can make acid easily",
"the longtom often waste energy",
"the longtom's high-protein food helps its unique way of consuming food.",
"meat -eating fish have higher levels of trypsin in their bodies than plant-eating fish"
] | C | null |
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