id string | dataset string | question string | options list | answer string | explanation string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
medmcqa_1968 | medmcqa | <ctx>
a blastoma is a type of cancer, more common in children, that is caused by malignancies in precursor cells, often called blasts. examples are nephroblastoma, medulloblastoma, and retinoblastoma. the suffix - blastoma is used to imply a tumor of primitive, incompletely differentiated ( or precursor ) cells, e. g.,... | [
"Teratoma",
"Embryonal carcinoma",
"Seminoma",
"Endodermal sinus tumor"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Seminoma * Testicular tumors are divided into two major categories : (i) Germ cell tumors, and (ii) Sex cord tumors.A) Germ cell tumors# More than 95% of testicular tumors are germ cell tumors. They are further divided into -i) Seminoma* It is the most common germ cell tumor of testis. Female counterp... |
openbookqa_1557 | openbookqa | <ctx>
performed. a common unorthodox means in the american version is to place the clue at the bottom of the roaming gnome, the mascot of travelocity, the former sponsor of the american version. route information route information clues usually instruct the teams where to go next. such a clue often provides only the na... | [
"a taxi driver",
"a middle-schooler",
"a dog",
"a 1700's pirate"
] | D | |
medmcqa_3018 | medmcqa | <ctx>
ways to disrupt them and improve patient outcomes. the niams is committed to pursuing new opportunities in genetics and genomics research, clinical trial design, pain, and biopsychosocial aspects of diseases in this portfolio. it is also committed to identification of risk factors for these disorders, enhancement... | [
"Osteomalacia",
"Osteoahritis",
"Osteoporosis",
"Osteosarcoma"
] | C | Denosumab is a monoclonal antibody against RANK - ligand which inhibits binding to RANK receptor and inhibits the activation of osteoclasts and inhibits bone resorption so it is used in treatment of Osteoporosis. |
aquarat_3810 | aquarat | <ctx>
multiple choice questionnaire, while the results are made transparent. the average approval rate lays around 80 / 100 with those scoring below more than three times mostly leaving the company. risk salary : in order to have fluctuating labour costs with losses and profits, about a third of the employees may have ... | [
"A)Rs.7700",
"B)Rs.3618",
"C)Rs.3600",
"D)Rs.3619"
] | A | Manager's monthly salary
= Rs. (2700 * 26 - 2500 * 25)
= Rs. 7700 Answer:A |
aquarat_46490 | aquarat | <ctx>
: questions will now permit the use of a graphing calculator. the number and type of questions, as well as the section's time allocation remains the same. recent exam information below are statistics from the 2022 exam cycle showing the number of participants, the percentage who obtained a score of 3 or higher, a... | [
"A)80%",
"B)85%x1/2%",
"C)90%",
"D)93x1/3%"
] | C | Explanation :
Pass percentage = (162/180 100)%
= 90%
Answer : C |
arc_easy_221 | arc_easy | <ctx>
of the corrosion determines, including the understanding of the characteristics of the metal of which an object is made, will also determine the techniques and selection of materials that can be effectively used. the corrosion of metals is a spontaneous process of unintentional destruction caused by physical, che... | [
"melts rock.",
"forms deltas.",
"erodes rock in its path.",
"moves rock along a fault."
] | C | |
medmcqa_5195 | medmcqa | <ctx>
osteoblasts ( from the greek combining forms for " bone ", ΞΏΟΟΡο -, osteo - and βλαΟΟΞ±Ξ½Ο, blastano " germinate " ) are cells with a single nucleus that synthesize bone. however, in the process of bone formation, osteoblasts function in groups of connected cells. individual cells cannot make bone. a group of organ... | [
"7,9,10 cranial nerve nucleus",
"7,9,11 cranial nerve nucleus",
"9,10,11 cranial nerve nucleus",
"7,10,11 cranial nerve nucleus"
] | C | Ans. C. 9,10,11 cranial nerve nucleusCells in nucleus ambiguus contain motor neurons associated with three cranial nerves (rostral pole = C.N. IX = glossopharyngeal; middle part = C.N. X = vagus; caudal pole = C.N. XI = spino accessory). Axons arising from nucleus ambiguus pass laterally and slightly ventrally to exit ... |
medmcqa_5411 | medmcqa | <ctx>
schizoaffective disorder ( sza, szd ) is a mental disorder characterized by abnormal thought processes and an unstable mood. this diagnosis requires symptoms of both schizophrenia ( usually psychosis ) and a mood disorder : either bipolar disorder or depression. the main criterion is the presence of psychotic sym... | [
"Disorientation in place, time & person",
"Clouding of conciousness",
"Hallucination",
"Normal common knowledge"
] | D | D. i.e. Normal common knowledge |
mmlu_aux_2047 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
cognitive development is a field of study in neuroscience and psychology focusing on a child's development in terms of information processing, conceptual resources, perceptual skill, language learning, and other aspects of the developed adult brain and cognitive psychology. qualitative differences between how a c... | [
"The language ideas used in early education interrupt mathematical reasoning.",
"It is hopeless to try to teach children mathematics after the age of two.",
"Language teaching should join some mathematical formulas .",
"Preschool education should emphasize society's beliefs and conventions."
] | C | null |
aquarat_8599 | aquarat | <ctx>
of these interest and principal payments must equal the cumulative fixed payments at time t i. e. mat. evaluating the first integral on the right we obtain an expression for i ( t ), the interest paid : unsurprisingly the second integral evaluates to p0 β p ( t ) and therefore : the reader may easily verify that ... | [
"A)12 years.",
"B)13.66 years.",
"C)14 years.",
"D)16.66 years."
] | D | P = 1000.
R = 5%.
T = 10 years.
I = PTR/100 = (1000 * 5*10)/100 = 500.
Now,
Principal = 1000 + 500 = 1500.
A = 2000
I = 500
R = 5%
T = (100 * I)/PR = (100 * 500)/(1500 *5) = 6.66 Years.
Total Time = 10 + 6.66 = 16.66 years.
ANSWER : OPTION D |
aquarat_41035 | aquarat | <ctx>
trimean. the five - number summary is sometimes represented as in the following table : example this example calculates the five - number summary for the following set of observations : 0, 0, 1, 2, 63, 61, 27, 13. these are the number of moons of each planet in the solar system. it helps to put the observations i... | [
"A)2500",
"B)2500.5",
"C)2145.5",
"D)2005.5"
] | B | Sum of first 100 natural numbers = 5000*5001/2 = 12502500
Required average = 12502500/5000 = 2500.5
Answer is B |
mmlu_aux_7798 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
18. 7 conductors and electric fields in static equilibrium 17. is the object in figure 18. 41 a conductor or an insulator? justify your answer. figure 18. 41 18. if the electric field lines in the figure above were perpendicular to the object, would it necessarily be a conductor? explain. 19. the discussion of th... | [
"a tin can and a plastic fork",
"a steel beam and a soda can",
"an eraser and a wooden pencil",
"human skin and rubber gloves"
] | B | null |
aquarat_28110 | aquarat | <ctx>
< 9. 99 : order = 50 if 9. 99 < = price < 19. 99 : order = 30 if price > = 19. 99 : order = 10 a. if price < 9. 99 : order = 50 else : order = 30 order = 10 b. if price < 9. 99 : order = 50 elif price < 19. 99 : order = 30 elif price = = 19. 99 : order = 10 c. if price < 9. 99 : order = 50
20. 50
##litz and wei... | [
"A)$7524",
"B)$7752",
"C)$7880",
"D)$8196"
] | B | 0.95*0.85*0.8*12000 = $7752
The answer is B. |
aquarat_7385 | aquarat | <ctx>
< 2465 * 5 x = 4 98 56 y = ( 2460 + x ) * x = 2464 * 4 = 9856 00 00 algorithm terminates : answer = 12. 34 binary numeral system ( base 2 ) this section uses the formalism from the digit - by - digit calculation section above, with the slight variation that we let, with each or. we iterate all, from down to, and ... | [
"A)0",
"B)25",
"C)50",
"D)75"
] | C | First even minus first odd = 2-1 = 1;
The sum of first 2 even integers minus the sum of first 2 odd integers = (2+4)-(1+3) = 2;
The sum of first 3 even integers minus the sum of first 3 odd integers = (2+4+6)-(1+3+5) = 3;
...
We can see the patterns here, so the sum of first 50 positive even integers minus the sum of f... |
aquarat_15 | aquarat | <ctx>
< 8 ; counter + + ) { if ( ( b & 1 )! = 0 ) { p ^ = a ; } bool hi _ bit _ set = ( a & 0x80 )! = 0 ; a < < = 1 ; if ( hi _ bit _ set ) { a ^ = 0x1b ; / * x ^ 8 + x ^ 4 + x ^ 3 + x + 1 * / } b > > = 1 ; } return p ; } private void mixcolumns ( ) { / /'s'is the main state matrix,'ss'is a temp matrix of the same dime... | [
"A)1/2",
"B)3/2",
"C)5/2",
"D)4/2"
] | B | (a/b)=3/4 οb=(4/3) a.
Therefore, 8a+5b=22 = 8a+5*(4/3) a=22 ο 8a+(20/3) a=22
=44a = 66 = a=(66/44)=3/2
Answer is B. |
aquarat_35251 | aquarat | <ctx>
2. 3 β’ time, velocity, and speed 45 figure 2. 11 position vs. time, velocity vs. time, and speed vs. time on a trip. note that the velocity for the return trip is negative. making connections : take - home investigation β getting a sense of speed if you have spent much time driving, you probably have a good sense... | [
"A)48",
"B)42.5",
"C)44",
"D)50"
] | A | Total Time taken by jerry = (8/40)*60 Minutes + 13 Minutes + (20/60)*60 Minutes = 35 Minutes
Average Speed = Total Distance / Total Time = (8+20) miles / (35/60)Hours = 28*60 / 35 = 48 Miles per hour
Answer: option A |
arc_easy_1356 | arc_easy | <ctx>
backed curtains in front of windows may also help their insulation. " superwindows, " mentioned in natural capitalism : creating the next industrial revolution, became available in the 1980s and use a combination of many available technologies, including two to three transparent low - e coatings, multiple panes o... | [
"chemical energy",
"mechanical energy",
"a renewable energy source",
"a nonrenewable energy source"
] | C | |
mmlu_aux_3696 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
plant diversity. as altitude increases, temperature decreases, limiting plant diversity. coconuts and fruit trees tend to develop better in lower - altitude pekarangans while vegetables tend to grow better at higher altitudes. with better access to water β either by climate or by proximity to water resources β ar... | [
"It tastes good.",
"It is easy to cook.",
"It only needs little water to grow.",
"It is welcomed by many American people."
] | C | null |
aquarat_29306 | aquarat | <ctx>
different - parts. svg | thumb | 300px | assume that a task has two independent parts, a and b. part b takes roughly 25 % of the time of the whole computation. by working very hard, one may be able to make this part 5 times faster, but this only reduces the time for the whole computation by a little. in contrast,... | [
"A)700 hours",
"B)350 hours",
"C)1400 hours",
"D)1010 hours"
] | A | Explanation :
Speed downstream = (14 + 1.2) = 15.2 kmph
Speed upstream = (14 - 1.2) = 12.8 kmph
Total time taken = (4864/15.2) + (4864/12.8) = 320 + 380 = 700 hours. Answer : Option A |
aquarat_455 | aquarat | <ctx>
would be found out. vivian ends up staying with jonathan's family, disguised as his cousin vivian lee. jonathan and sam are especially concerned about the disruptions in history because it may mean that time city will also break apart. however, they learn from vivian's tutor, doctor wilander, that there is anothe... | [
"A)5pm",
"B)6pm",
"C)4am",
"D)3am"
] | D | D
3am
The time after 24, 000, 000 hours will be the same as it is now. We want the time 3 hours before that and thus you can deduct three hours from 9 pm. So the time will be 6 pm. |
medmcqa_9273 | medmcqa | <ctx>
26. 2 take - home experiment : the pupil look at the central transparent area of someone β s eye, the pupil, in normal room light. estimate the diameter of the pupil. now turn off the lights and darken the room. after a few minutes turn on the lights and promptly estimate the diameter of the pupil. what happens t... | [
"Oval and horizontal",
"Oval and vertical",
"Circular",
"Slit like"
] | B | In acute congestive glaucoma, pupil is semidilated (mild dilated), vertically oval and fixed. |
aquarat_12534 | aquarat | <ctx>
parabola is 4 / 3 that of the triangle having the same base and height ( the quadrature of the parabola ) ; the area of an ellipse is proportional to a rectangle having sides equal to its major and minor axes ; the volume of a sphere is 4 times that of a cone having a base of the same radius and height equal to t... | [
"A)[A] x+y+z/3",
"B)[B] x-y+z/3",
"C)[C] x-y+z/2",
"D)[D] (x^2 + y^2 + z^2)/3"
] | C | Radius of a circle inscribed in the right triangle WBC r = (x + z - y)/2 where y is the hypotenuse and x and y are other two sides.
Answer: C |
mmlu_aux_7909 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
##iv. press, new york. viii + 751 - 1824 pp. feder, m. e., a. f. bennett, w. w. burggren, and r. b. huey, eds. 1987. new directions in ecological physiology. cambridge univ. press, new york. 364 pp. garland, t. jr., and p. a. carter. 1994. evolutionary physiology. annual review of physiology 56 : 579 - 621. pdf g... | [
"eating a goldfish cracker",
"building a small house",
"circling way up there",
"leaving home at night"
] | C | null |
qasc_6642 | qasc | <ctx>
are prone to disregard the maup when drawing inferences from statistics based on aggregated data. maup is closely related to the topic of ecological fallacy and ecological bias ( arbia, 1988 ). ecological bias caused by maup has been documented as two separate effects that usually occur simultaneously during the ... | [
"goats",
"economy",
"cows",
"animals"
] | B | |
mmlu_aux_3908 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
in earth's energy balance along with related global and regional changes in climate, the biosphere and biogeochemistry. the atmosphere and ocean are linked because of evaporation and precipitation as well as thermal flux ( and solar insolation ). recent studies have advanced knowledge on ocean acidification, ocea... | [
"show people the findings of a research team",
"warn people of the higher level of CO2",
"inform people of how acid the ocean is now",
"introduce Dr Caldeira and his team's research"
] | B | null |
aquarat_25526 | aquarat | <ctx>
blue shirt around until they announced that cameron will be moved to the blue team due to his poor performance in challenges. sharif then gave the red shirt to andrew for consistently losing big numbers in weigh - ins and for good performance in challenges. week 9 - meaghan - although there was no temptation this... | [
"A)0",
"B)1",
"C)2",
"D)3"
] | D | There are 9 different kinds of clothes.
so if you find the prime factors of 63000
i.e. 3 * 3 * 7 * 2 * 2 *2 *5 * 5 *5 * 1
But the guy has everything greater than 1... so ignoring that there are exactly
9 factors.
and 5 is 3 times.
so Answer is D. |
aquarat_34688 | aquarat | <ctx>
combinatorics on words is a fairly new field of mathematics, branching from combinatorics, which focuses on the study of words and formal languages. the subject looks at letters or symbols, and the sequences they form. combinatorics on words affects various areas of mathematical study, including algebra and compu... | [
"A)117",
"B)144",
"C)177",
"D)155"
] | B | The word MEADOWS has 7 letters of which 3 are vowels.
-V-V-V-
As the vowels have to occupy even places, they can be arranged in the 3 even places in 3! i.e., 6 ways. While the consonants can be arranged among themselves in the remaining 4 places in 4! i.e., 24 ways.
Hence the total ways are 24 * 6 = 144.
Answer:B |
aquarat_18017 | aquarat | <ctx>
step by a deterministic step that keeps the conditional expectation of q at or above | v | / ( d + 1 ). this will ensure a successful outcome, that is, one in which the independent set s has size at least | v | / ( d + 1 ), realizing the bound in turan's theorem. given that the first t steps have been taken, let ... | [
"A)T/y > Ty",
"B)y/t > t+y",
"C)y/t > Ty",
"D)y/T < T+y"
] | B | Consider :
T= -3
y= -2
then put for every option. U'll get ans B. |
openbookqa_1596 | openbookqa | <ctx>
pollination is the transfer of pollen from an anther of a plant to the stigma of a plant, later enabling fertilisation and the production of seeds, most often by an animal or by wind. pollinating agents can be animals such as insects, birds, and bats ; water ; wind ; and even plants themselves, when self - pollin... | [
"carnation",
"rock",
"chair",
"dove"
] | A | |
medmcqa_1707 | medmcqa | <ctx>
genetic testing, also known as dna testing, is used to identify changes in dna sequence or chromosome structure. genetic testing can also include measuring the results of genetic changes, such as rna analysis as an output of gene expression, or through biochemical analysis to measure specific protein output. in a... | [
"Barr body",
"Testosterone receptors",
"Hormone levels",
"Phenotypic features"
] | A | Chromosomal sex can be determined by the study of the leucocytes or by simply taking a smear from the buccal mucosa The nuclei of the female chromosome contains a stainable body called the sex chromatin, hence female cells are termed as chromatin positive. In epithelial cell nuclei this small peripherally situated dark... |
openbookqa_1556 | openbookqa | <ctx>
. as of it was in an orbit with a perigee of, an apogee of and a 98. 2Β° inclination. the mission is expected to cost, including design, development, launch and operations. column measurements rather than directly measuring concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, oco - 2 records how much of the sunligh... | [
"by greenery",
"by detectors",
"by scientists",
"by people"
] | A | |
aquarat_9871 | aquarat | <ctx>
stock under different stock valuation methods can be confusing. another example is modelling labour variances with learning curve corrections and stock level changes. with the absence of a basic profit model in an algebraic form, confident development of such models is difficult. the development of spreadsheets h... | [
"A)3377",
"B)3677",
"C)4200",
"D)2871"
] | D | 15:25 => 3:5
9600*10/100 = 960
9600 - 960 = 8640
8640*3/8 = 3240 + 960
= 4200
Answer: D |
medmcqa_157 | medmcqa | <ctx>
growth. there are several maternal factors, which include age, nutritional status, alcohol use, smoking, and medical conditions. insufficient uteroplacental perfusion is an example of a placental factor. chromosomal abnormalities and genetic diseases are examples of fetal factors. complications for the infant inc... | [
"140 cm",
"145 cm",
"150 cm",
"135 cm"
] | A | 140 cm |
aquarat_1902 | aquarat | <ctx>
2. 4 β’ the cross product 165 219. consider the parallelepiped with edges and where and a. find the real number such that the volume of the parallelepiped is units3. b. for find the height from vertex of the parallelepiped to the plane formed by the edges and. 220. consider points and with and positive real number... | [
"A)1/8",
"B)1/4",
"C)1/3",
"D)1/7"
] | A | The length of cube Q = 1;
The length of cube P = 2;
The ratio of the volume of cube Q to the volume of cube P = 1^3/2^3 = 1/8.
Answer: A |
aquarat_47847 | aquarat | <ctx>
sum of the digits of 6721 is 16. hint : there are 10 base cases, which can be checked easily with the right condition. access multimedia content ( https : / / openstax. org / books / introduction - python - programming / pages / 12 - 2 - simple - math - recursion )
< 2465 * 5 x = 4 98 56 y = ( 2460 + x ) * x = 2... | [
"A)26",
"B)19",
"C)30",
"D)43"
] | C | 1st = x = 13
2nd = x+1
3rd = x+2
4th = x+3
------
sum of 2nd and fourth numbers::
x+1+x+3 = 13+1+13+3 = 30
Answer C |
openbookqa_2842 | openbookqa | <ctx>
, highly parallel algorithm that solves the problem. completeness logic circuits are physical representation of simple logic operations, and, or and not ( and their combinations, such as non - sequential flip - flops or circuit networks ), that form a mathematical structure known as boolean algebra. they are comp... | [
"a bird's eye",
"a dog's paw",
"a wooden ruler",
"your phone's keys"
] | D | |
arc_challenge_373 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
( such as explosions ) may be reflected by layers within the earth. study of the deep reflections of waves generated by earthquakes has allowed seismologists to determine the layered structure of the earth. shallower reflections are used in reflection seismology to study the earth's crust generally, and in partic... | [
"There is no return signal.",
"The return signal is very weak.",
"The return signal appears almost instantaneously.",
"The return signal comes back at a different speed"
] | C | |
medmcqa_7685 | medmcqa | <ctx>
overheating is a phenomenon of rising temperatures in an electrical circuit. overheating causes damage to the circuit components and can cause fire, explosion, and injury. damage caused by overheating is usually irreversible ; the only way to repair it is to replace some components. causes when overheating, the t... | [
"Increased intracellular Na",
"Decreased intracellular chlorine",
"Increased intracellular Ca",
"Increased serum K"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Increased intracellular Ca o The mechanism involves a sudden rise in intracellular calcium due to release of stored calcium in sarcoplasmic reticulum, stimulating contraction, rhabdomyolysis and a hypermetabolic state.o Tachycardia and not bradycardia, is a feature of malignant hyperthermia.MALIGN ANT... |
openbookqa_451 | openbookqa | <ctx>
conservation biology is the study of the conservation of nature and of earth's biodiversity with the aim of protecting species, their habitats, and ecosystems from excessive rates of extinction and the erosion of biotic interactions. it is an interdisciplinary subject drawing on natural and social sciences, and t... | [
"using Styrofoam plates for every meal",
"reusing gift bags again and again",
"throwing plastic bottles in the landfill",
"driving a gas guzzling truck"
] | B | |
aquarat_17998 | aquarat | <ctx>
| 23 | | 50. 7 % | - | align = right | 30 | | 70. 6 % | - | align = right | 40 | | 89. 1 % | - | align = right | 50 | | 97. 0 % | - | align = right | 60 | | 99. 4 % | - | align = right | 70 | | 99. 9 % | - | align = right | 75 | | 99. 97 % | - | align = right | 100 | | % | - | align = right | 200 | | % | - | alig... | [
"A)12",
"B)18",
"C)22",
"D)24"
] | B | 9 * 2 = 18 years
B |
openbookqa_2412 | openbookqa | <ctx>
fact that many astronomers are physicists or astrophysicists. the term " precession " used in astronomy generally describes the observable precession of the equinox ( the stars moving retrograde across the sky ), whereas the term " precession " as used in physics, generally describes a mechanical process. effects... | [
"new york",
"saturn",
"mars",
"astral gas ball"
] | D | |
medmcqa_1860 | medmcqa | <ctx>
a large factor in arsenic environmental contamination. according to croal, gralnick, malasarn and newman, " [ the ] understanding [ of ] what stimulates as ( iii ) oxidation and / or limits as ( v ) reduction is relevant for bioremediation of contaminated sites ( croal ). the study of chemolithoautotrophic as ( i... | [
"Lead",
"Arsenic",
"Copper",
"Mercury"
] | A | Ans. (a) Lead(Ref: Wintrobe's 12th/pg837)Sideroblastic anemia is seen in:*. Alcoholism*. Lead poisoning*. Drugs (isoniazid, pyrazinamide, chloramphenicol)*. Copper deficiency (zinc ingestion, copper chelation, nutritional, malabsorption)*. Hypothermia |
qasc_7292 | qasc | <ctx>
the exhaust valves and is designed to work in conjunction with an exhaust brake so two of the engine's four strokes are used to raise engine braking effect - exhaust and compression strokes. operation description the exhaust stroke is used when exhaust brake shutter closes exhaust manifold after turbocharger open... | [
"makes a sight",
"makes sound",
"causes disruption",
"duplicate itself"
] | B | |
medmcqa_4957 | medmcqa | <ctx>
implicated in the development of diabetic foot ulcers are infection, older age, diabetic neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease, cigarette smoking, poor glycemic control, previous foot ulcerations or amputations, and ischemia of small and large blood vessels. prior history of foot disease, foot deformities that ... | [
"Saphenous nerve",
"Sural nerve",
"Posterior tibial nerve",
"Superficial peroneal nerve"
] | C | Posterior tibial nerve * The posterior tibial nerve innervates the sole of the foot. To perform a peroneal nerve block, 1 percent lidocaine is injected into the subcutaneous tissue lateral to the posterior tibial aery at the upper border of the medial malleolus. * None of the other nerves listed supply the plantar surf... |
qasc_7537 | qasc | <ctx>
at usually low - altitude weather stations, and the area - altitude distribution of the glacier. output are daily snow accumulation ( bc ) and ablation ( ba ) for each altitude interval, which is converted to mass balance by bn = bc β ba. snow accumulation ( bc ) is calculated for each area - altitude interval ba... | [
"rainfall",
"heat energy",
"streams.",
"detritus"
] | D | |
medmcqa_2322 | medmcqa | <ctx>
committee on education in medicinal chemistry of the international union of pure and applied chemistry ( iupac ), which prepared the report on the international education of medicinal chemists ( iupac technical reports number 13 ; 1974 ). his affiliations with several scientific and professional organizations inc... | [
"Less histamine release",
"Less half life",
"Low drug dose",
"Low cost"
] | A | Atracurium Cis-atracurium Mixture of cis-isomers Pure cis-isomer Histamine release No / minimal release CVS unstable CVS stable Less potent Dose - 0.5-0.6mh/kg More potent Dose - 0.1-0.2 mg/kg - Cis-atracurium and atracurium are dependent on Hoffman elimination - Cis-atracurium's duration of action is more predictable ... |
mmlu_aux_2984 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
they sit. when they ask a bird to check, the avian soon returns and tells them about buildings, cities, mountains, and valleys on the other side. the thought of not being able to see those things makes the stones sad. a hundred years soon pass and then a mouse passes by, and the stones ask him to check the other ... | [
"people dance better than bees",
"people learned dance from bees",
"bees dance more often than people",
"bees don't like music"
] | C | null |
medmcqa_6349 | medmcqa | <ctx>
these include a thickening of the basement membrane, a widening of the slit membranes of the podocytes, an increase in the number of mesangial cells, and an increase in mesangial matrix. this matrix invades the glomerular capillaries and produces deposits called kimmelstiel - wilson nodules. the mesangial cells a... | [
"Microscopic haematuria",
"Raised blood urea level",
"Raised serum creatinine level",
"Hypoalbuminaemia"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Hypo albuminaemiao Diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis is characterized by nephritic syndrome whereas hypoalbuminemia is a feature of Nephrotic syndrome.o Clinical features of Diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis |
pubmedqa_20 | pubmedqa | <ctx>
casualties. in response, the idf shelled the area where the attack was launched. the lebanese - italian hospital in tyre admitted three injured civilians. the idf ordered residents of northern israel to seek shelter following reports of drones being launched from southern lebanon. a patriot missile was launched t... | [
"yes",
"no",
"maybe"
] | A | |
arc_easy_437 | arc_easy | <ctx>
, a cytokine, is transferred from the extracellular matrix into muscles through the nitric - oxide dependent pathway. it is thought that hgf activates satellite cells, while insulin - like growth factor - i ( igf - 1 ) and fibroblast growth factor ( fgf ) enhance satellite cell proliferation rate following activa... | [
"digestion.",
"excretion.",
"secretion.",
"circulation."
] | D | |
medmcqa_5226 | medmcqa | <ctx>
students in 3 scientific disciplines : pharmaceutical sciences, medical sciences and health sciences. doctoral students are as well the organizers of the " imedic " ( international medical interdisciplinary congress ), a professional forum of researchers, where they can share their works and achievements, and exp... | [
"Clotrimazole",
"Cotrimoxazole",
"Penicillin",
"none"
] | B | Drug of choice for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia is co-trimoxazole,with adjunctive doses of steroid if the patient has hypoxia.Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia is common in immunocompromised individuals,like HIV positive patients.In P.jirovecii pneumonia,symptoms of cough and breathlessness can be present for severa... |
openbookqa_723 | openbookqa | <ctx>
- eating macaque ( macaca fascicularis ), rhesus monkey ( macaca mulatta ) s. odoi - white - tailed deer ( odocoileus virginianus ) s. orientalis - goat ( capra aegagrus hircus ), rat ( rattus norvegicus ) - malaysian reticulated python ( python reticulatus ) s. ovicanis - sheep ( ovis aries ) - dog ( canis famil... | [
"Chicken",
"Lion",
"Cow",
"Buffalo"
] | B | |
mmlu_aux_1748 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
##ud, t friedrich, c zeeden, s schouten, l smik, a timmermann, p cabedo - sanz, j - j huang, l zhou, t - h ou, y - p chang, l - c wang, y - m chou, c - c shen, m - t chen, k - y wei, s - r song, t - h fang, s a. gorbarenko, w - l wang, t - q lee, h elderfield, d a. hodell, earth and planetary science letters, doi... | [
"Scientists come to understand how El Nino appears.",
"Three scientists from the USA work on this subject.",
"Southern Africa suffered a serious drought and many people died from hunger.",
"El Nino has something to do with Zimbabwe's poor crops."
] | D | null |
openbookqa_1676 | openbookqa | <ctx>
startle response will not occur. as the threatening stimuli moves forward and decreases the flight zone, the dog will exhibit behaviors that fall into a startle or avoidance response. avoidance response the avoidance response is a form of negative reinforcement which is learned through operant conditioning. this ... | [
"squirrel",
"mice",
"snails",
"hawks"
] | D | |
aquarat_6018 | aquarat | <ctx>
ethanol, c2h5oh ( d ) 25 g of i2 in 125 g of ethanol, c2h5oh 33. calculate the mole fraction of each solute and solvent : ( a ) 0. 710 kg of sodium carbonate ( washing soda ), na2co3, in 10. 0 kg of water β a saturated solution at 0 Β°c ( b ) 125 g of nh4no3 in 275 g of water β a mixture used to make an instant ic... | [
"A)10",
"B)99",
"C)5",
"D)22"
] | C | Let the quantity of alcohol and water be 4x litres and 3x litres respectively
28x = 4(3x+5)
16x = 20
x = 1.25
Quantity of alcohol = (4 x 1.25) litres = 5 litres.
Answer: C |
medmcqa_4664 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##ba were the first to use targeted expression of a novel receptor ( rassl ) to activate a neural circuit in a behaving mouse, and profoundly changed its behavior : by expressing rassl in sweet or bitter taste receptor cells they could drive the animal to be attracted, or averse, to the otherwise tasteless rassl ... | [
"Thalamus",
"Internal capsule",
"Cervical spinal nerve",
"Trigeminal nerve"
] | A | Functions of the Thalamus:
The main functions of the thalamus are as follows:
It is a sensory integration and relay station of all the sensory pathways except for the olfactory pathway which is projected directly to the cerebral cortex without being relayed in the thalamus.
TheΒ impulses from taste buds of tongue reach... |
aquarat_34788 | aquarat | <ctx>
: questions will now permit the use of a graphing calculator. the number and type of questions, as well as the section's time allocation remains the same. recent exam information below are statistics from the 2022 exam cycle showing the number of participants, the percentage who obtained a score of 3 or higher, a... | [
"A)A)540",
"B)B)400",
"C)C)700",
"D)D)650"
] | B | Let the number of students appeared be x
then, 65% of x = 260
65x/100 = 260
x = 260*100/65 = 400
Answer is B |
aquarat_17905 | aquarat | <ctx>
< 2465 * 5 x = 4 98 56 y = ( 2460 + x ) * x = 2464 * 4 = 9856 00 00 algorithm terminates : answer = 12. 34 binary numeral system ( base 2 ) this section uses the formalism from the digit - by - digit calculation section above, with the slight variation that we let, with each or. we iterate all, from down to, and ... | [
"A)2",
"B)1",
"C)3",
"D)4"
] | B | We know that 5y is a multiple of 5, so letβs first look at the multiples of 5 closest to 22. We have β20β and β25β. Letβs subtract both of these from 21 and see which one produces the smallest result. When 5y = 20, y is 4 and when 5y = 25, y is 5. Letβs start with letting y = 4.
|21-5(4)|
|21-20|
|1| = 1
Next, letβs le... |
mmlu_aux_4413 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
##ious tup or tip, a sudden whit, a thin hissing sit, and a fuller, harder, and more forceful chit. when excited, sit and chit notes are frequently given quickly and repetitively as a chi - chit, chit - chit - chit or chir - ri - rit, which can be prolonged, accelerated into staccato trilling tititititititik, or ... | [
"how the male made his tricks",
"how an interested female played with the male happily",
"what the male displayed and won the female",
"that the male tried his best but failed to attract the female"
] | C | null |
medmcqa_4903 | medmcqa | <ctx>
the pregnant mother include : emergency cesarean section, postpartum hemorrhage, and obstetric anal sphincter injury. compared to pregnancies without macrosomia, pregnant women giving birth to newborns weighing between 4, 000 grams and 4, 500 grams are at two times greater risk of complications, and those giving ... | [
"Perinatal asphyxia",
"Polycythemia",
"Prematurity",
"Respiratory distress syndrome"
] | C | Prematurity is the most impoant risk factor for necrotizing enterocolitis, although term infants also sometimes develop the condition. Clinical series have repoed that between 60 and 95% of affected babies are premature, and the incidence is markedly increased in babies born at lower gestational ages. Many other purpoe... |
openbookqa_1963 | openbookqa | <ctx>
desert dunes. barchan dunes are formed as winds continuously blow in the same direction, and are characterized by a crescent - shape atop the dune. seif dunes are long and narrow, featuring a sharp crest, and are more common in the sahara desert. analysis of geological features in desert environments can reveal a... | [
"horses",
"hoarded energy",
"sandy nostrils",
"star gates"
] | B | |
arc_easy_1742 | arc_easy | <ctx>
heterogeneous, any asymmetry during gravitational accretion resulted in the angular momentum of the eventual planet. however, if the giant - impact hypothesis for the origin of the moon is correct, this primordial rotation rate would have been reset by the theia impact 4. 5 billion years ago. regardless of the sp... | [
"one day",
"one year",
"one week",
"one month"
] | D | |
medmcqa_3132 | medmcqa | <ctx>
with a more detailed semantic network the infant learns to express a wider range of meanings, helping the infant develop a complex conceptual system of lemmas. around the age of four or five the child lemmas have a wide range of diversity, this helps them select the right lemma needed to produce correct speech. r... | [
"3 months",
"6 months",
"9 months",
"12 months"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., 6 months |
aquarat_4531 | aquarat | <ctx>
solution of is got by solving the linear congruence. examples the following are 4 examples, corresponding to the 3 different cases in which pocklington divided forms of p. all are taken with the modulus in the example. example 0 this is the first case, according to the algorithm,, but then not 43, so we should no... | [
"A)0",
"B)1",
"C)2",
"D)3"
] | A | X=|x| = x when x >= 0 (x is either positive or 0)
|x| = -x when x < 0 (note here that you can put the equal to sign here as well x <= 0 because if x = 0,
|0| = 0 = -0 (all are the same)
So the '=' sign can be put with x > 0 or with x < 0. We usually put it with 'x > 0' for consistency.A |
arc_easy_1199 | arc_easy | <ctx>
##isation, halogenation etc. biochemical change biochemistry deals with the chemistry of the growth and activity of living organisms. it is a chemistry where most reactions are controlled by complex proteins called enzymes and are moderated and limited by hormones. the chemistry is always highly complex and is st... | [
"elements",
"mixtures",
"solutions",
"compounds"
] | D | |
openbookqa_1339 | openbookqa | <ctx>
cleland ce & bedau ma ( eds. ), the nature of life : classical and contemporary perspectives from philosophy and science, cambridge university press, cambridge, berger li 1997, semiconductor materials, crc press, boca raton, bertomeu - sanchez jr, garcia - belmar a & bensaude - vincent b 2002, " looking for an or... | [
"putting it in a tree",
"making it pay rent",
"setting it on fire",
"looking at it through a mirror"
] | C | |
aquarat_20467 | aquarat | <ctx>
10 = 10 b type orders ) and hence total profit will be ( 50 x 10 = rs. 500 for 100 % utilization ) but if it is busy with a type orders, it can do only ( = 100 / 40 = 2. 5 no. of orders ). in this situation it will earn net profit of ( 50 x 2. 5 = rs. 125 for 100 % utilization ). from the customer β s point of vi... | [
"A)10,509",
"B)10,502",
"C)10,500",
"D)10,501"
] | C | Explanation:
Let amount subscribed for R be x.
Therefore, Q = x + 5000 and P = x + 5000 + 4000 = x + 9000
So, x + x + 5000 + x + 9000 = 50000
3x = 36000
x = 12000
P : Q : R = 21000 : 17000 : 12000 = 21 : 17 : 12
ANSWER: Rs. 10,500
Pβs share = 25000 X (21/50) = Rs. 10,500
ANSWER:C |
arc_easy_1544 | arc_easy | <ctx>
a biological membrane, biomembrane or cell membrane is a selectively permeable membrane that separates the interior of a cell from the external environment or creates intracellular compartments by serving as a boundary between one part of the cell and another. biological membranes, in the form of eukaryotic cell ... | [
"digested.",
"recycled.",
"protected.",
"excreted."
] | D | |
aquarat_26830 | aquarat | <ctx>
cycle, and conformal coat ), cycle time had fallen to 30. 5 weeks, of which production manager john reiss attributed 20 weeks to use of a " wip chart system " by the cell teams and the other 10. 5 weeks to the cellular organization itself. later, when it seemed that the cells were overly large and cumbersome, cel... | [
"A)3",
"B)6",
"C)8",
"D)9"
] | A | the choices give away the answer..
48 machines take 4 hours to fill 8 standard orders..
in next eq we are doubling the machines from 48 to 72, but the work is not doubling(only 1 1/2 times),
= 4*48/72*12/8
=4
Ans A |
aquarat_12874 | aquarat | <ctx>
3. 3 β’ measures of position 117 example 3. 10 problem the following ordered dataset represents the scores of 15 employees on an aptitude test : 51, 63, 65, 68, 71, 75, 75, 77, 79, 82, 88, 89, 89, 92, 95 determine the percentile for the employee who scored 88 on the aptitude test. solution there are 15 data values... | [
"A)I, II, III",
"B)I, III, II",
"C)II, I, III",
"D)II, III, I"
] | B | (D) To answer a question such as this, you DO NOT need to know how to calculate standard deviation. You simply need to understand how to compare standard deviations of different sets. The more spread out the numbers are, the greater the standard deviation will be. Even one or two numbers that are much larger or smaller... |
medmcqa_8431 | medmcqa | <ctx>
influence the frequencies : natural selection, mutation, gene flow ( migration ), and genetic drift. a population can be defined as a group of interbreeding individuals and their offspring. for human genetics the populations will consist only of the human species. the hardy β weinberg principle is a widely used p... | [
"G-6-PD deficiency",
"Neurofibromatosis",
"Thalassemia",
"Alkaptonuria"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., G-6-PD deficiency |
qasc_5958 | qasc | <ctx>
##ne, firewood, or any other combustible fuel source used in the developing world such as cow dung. biodegesters thus produce renewable energy, cut down on odors and pathogens in organic materials, reduce surface and groundwater contamination, improve indoor air quality and provide a source of high quality organi... | [
"direct energy",
"one celled organisms",
"chemical energy",
"hydrogen and oxygen"
] | C | |
openbookqa_2961 | openbookqa | <ctx>
##s him to stay the night, but, the next morning, orders him to ask if his eldest daughter will become the wolf's wife, otherwise, the wolf and his brother will destroy his kingdom. the king returns home and asks his elder daughter if she consents to become the wolf's wife ; she declines. the next day, he repeats... | [
"an ibex",
"a mountain",
"a tree",
"a cloud"
] | A | |
mmlu_aux_7198 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
##mura t, yamaoka r. ant nestmate and non - nestmate discrimination by a chemosensory sensillum. science 2005 ; 309 : 311 - 314. 39. rodriguez pa, stam r, warbroek t, bos ji. mp10 and mp42 from the aphid species myzus persicae trigger plant defenses in nicotiana benthamiana through different activities. mol plant... | [
"4",
"270",
"170",
"70"
] | C | null |
medmcqa_8813 | medmcqa | <ctx>
covid - 19 testing involves analyzing samples to assess the current or past presence of sars - cov - 2. the two main types of tests detect either the presence of the virus or antibodies produced in response to infection. molecular tests for viral presence through its molecular components are used to diagnose indi... | [
"IgM- anti HAV",
"IgM- anti- HBcAg",
"Anti-HCV antibody",
"Anti- HDV antibody"
] | D | For Acute Viral hepatitis patient should evaluable for Hep A Hep B Hep C IgM anti HAV lgM anti HBcAg Anti-HCV antibody *If Hep A, B, C is negative then it is Hep D Impoant Diagnostic Test in Common Liver Disease DISEASE DIAGNOSTIC TEST Hepatitis A Anti-HAV IgM Hepatitis B Acute Chronic HBsAg and anti-HBc IgM HBsAg and ... |
aquarat_17870 | aquarat | <ctx>
defined for r = 1, but in this case the only feasible policy is to select the first applicant, and hence p ( 1 ) = 1 / n. this sum is obtained by noting that if applicant i is the best applicant, then it is selected if and only if the best applicant among the first i β 1 applicants is among the first r β 1 applic... | [
"A)42",
"B)70",
"C)140",
"D)196"
] | D | Ans: 196
7C1 * 8C2
Answer D) |
mmlu_aux_3633 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
the modulation and maintenance of hibernation in dwarf lemurs at the duke lemur center, usa. ( sub. for pub., 2020 ) blanco mb, greene lk, klopfer ph, lynch d, browning j, ehmke ee, yoder ad body mass and tail girth predict hibernation expression in captive dwarf lemurs physiological and biochemical zoology, volu... | [
"one o'clock",
"one gun shot",
"A sloth",
"one scientist"
] | C | null |
aquarat_13997 | aquarat | <ctx>
, for a set of randomly chosen people, what is the probability that some pair of them will have the same birthday? the problem itself is mainly concerned with counterintuitive probabilities, but we can also tell by the pigeonhole principle that if there are 367 people in the room, there is at least one pair of pe... | [
"A)3",
"B)8",
"C)10",
"D)15"
] | D | 6C2 = 15
The answer is D. |
aquarat_31010 | aquarat | <ctx>
the possible numbers of successes, given in the final column of this table, are derived as follows. for 0 successes, there is clearly only one set of four choices ( namely, choosing all four incorrect cups ) giving this result. for one success and three failures, there are four correct cups of which one is select... | [
"A)12",
"B)13",
"C)14",
"D)15"
] | D | 1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8 = 36
so, 8 spots are occupied by users
23-8 = 15
ANSWER:D |
arc_challenge_1088 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
anderson, t. m., griffith, d. m., grace, j. b., lind, e. m., adler, p. b., biederman, l. a., blumenthal, d. m., daleo, p., firn, j., hagenah, n., harpole, w. s., macdougall, a. s., mcculley, r. l., prober, s. m., risch, a. c., sankaran, m., schutz, m., seabloom, e. w., stevens, c. j., sullivan, l. l. & 2 others, ... | [
"carrying capacity",
"population density",
"competition for space",
"competition for resources"
] | D | |
medmcqa_9097 | medmcqa | <ctx>
diabetic nephropathy, also known as diabetic kidney disease, is the chronic loss of kidney function occurring in those with diabetes mellitus. diabetic nephropathy is the leading causes of chronic kidney disease ( ckd ) and end - stage renal disease ( esrd ) globally. the triad of protein leaking into the urine (... | [
"Hyaline arteriosclerosis",
"Nodular glomerulosclerosis",
"Renal Amyloid deposits",
"Fibrinoid necrosis"
] | B | Ans: B (Nodular glomerulosclerosis) Ref: Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease, 8th editionExplanation:Diabetic NephropathyThe term diabetic nephropathy is applied to the conglomerate of lesions that occur in the diabetic kidney.Most common lesions involve the glomeruli and are associated clinically with three glomerular... |
openbookqa_724 | openbookqa | <ctx>
the ecology of fear is a conceptual framework describing the psychological impact that predator - induced stress experienced by animals has on populations and ecosystems. within ecology, the impact of predators has been traditionally viewed as limited to the animals that they directly kill, while the ecology of f... | [
"wolves are human",
"wolves elude humanity",
"wolves eat corn",
"wolves are domesticated"
] | B | |
aquarat_35598 | aquarat | <ctx>
of these interest and principal payments must equal the cumulative fixed payments at time t i. e. mat. evaluating the first integral on the right we obtain an expression for i ( t ), the interest paid : unsurprisingly the second integral evaluates to p0 β p ( t ) and therefore : the reader may easily verify that ... | [
"A)Rs. 9451.84",
"B)Rs. 8014.54",
"C)Rs. 8000",
"D)Rs. 8242.42"
] | D | Let the sum be Rs. x. Then,
[(x * 4 * 3)/100] + [(x * 9 * 5)/100] + [(x * 13 * 3)/100] = 8160
12x + 45x + 39x = (8160 * 100)
99x = 816000 => x = 8242.42.
ANSWER:D |
medmcqa_8175 | medmcqa | <ctx>
collect massive quantities of data such as biological samples and self - reported information from consumers, a practice known as biobanking, enabling their researchers to discover more insights on aims. though aim panels can be useful for disease screening, the genetic information nondiscrimination act ( gina ) ... | [
"Case series repo",
"Case control study",
"Clinical trial",
"Coho study"
] | A | Case series repo: A case series repo is a descriptive study where in more than one patients having a paicular disease are studied. No cause related analysis or hypothesis testing is involved. Case control study: Backward looking/ retrospective study in which multiple risk factors are studied together. Odd's ratio can b... |
medmcqa_4961 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##s ) and stick to the vial glass. stabilisers used for vaccines include sugars ( sucrose, lactose ), sorbitol, amino acids ( glycine, monosodium glutamate ) and proteins ( hydrolysed gelatin ). there have very rarely ( one in twomillion vaccinations ) been cases of allergic reaction to the proteins in gelatin. t... | [
"Diphtheria toxoid",
"Bordetella peussis vaccine",
"Tetanus toxoid",
"BCG"
] | D | Recurrent severe infection is an indication for clinical evaluation of immune status. Live vaccines, including BCG attenuated from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, should not be used in the evaluation of a patient's immune competence because patients with severe immunodeficiencies may develop an overwhelming infection from ... |
arc_easy_1020 | arc_easy | <ctx>
those viewed from earth during a full moon. on occasion, the other side of the moon will appear in the earth images as the moon crosses in front of the earth. cultural reception the picture has been identified as one of the most widely publicised and influential images since its release, particularly in the advoc... | [
"each week",
"once a month",
"every two weeks",
"once each leap year"
] | B | |
aquarat_33430 | aquarat | <ctx>
the side labeled c. inscribing the isosceles triangle forms triangle cad with angle ΞΈ opposite side b and with side r along c. a second triangle is formed with angle ΞΈ opposite side a and a side with length s along c, as shown in the figure. thabit ibn qurra stated that the sides of the three triangles were relat... | [
"A)8β3",
"B)9β3",
"C)7β3",
"D)4β3"
] | B | Area of an equilateral triangle = β3/4 S2
If S = 6, Area of triangle = β3/4 * 6 * 6
= 9β3 cm2;
Answer:B |
arc_easy_832 | arc_easy | <ctx>
plant ecology is a subdiscipline of ecology that studies the distribution and abundance of plants, the effects of environmental factors upon the abundance of plants, and the interactions among plants and between plants and other organisms. examples of these are the distribution of temperate deciduous forests in n... | [
"There is more rain in the forest.",
"There is more oxygen in the forest.",
"There is more sunlight in the forest.",
"There is more competition in the forest."
] | A | |
openbookqa_1653 | openbookqa | <ctx>
atmospheric optics is " the study of the optical characteristics of the atmosphere or products of atmospheric processes.... [ including ] temporal and spatial resolutions beyond those discernible with the naked eye ". meteorological optics is " that part of atmospheric optics concerned with the study of patterns ... | [
"precipitation",
"blue skies",
"clear skies",
"empty skies"
] | A | |
medmcqa_1624 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##cleation, severing and end blocking. biochemistry. 1985 ; 24 : 3714 - 3723. 85. weitzman sa, weitberg ab, clark ep, stossel tp. phagocytes as carcinogens. science. 1985 ; 227 : 1231 - 1233. 86. weitzman sa, weitberg ab, niederman r, stossel tp. chronic treatment with hydrogen peroxide. is it safe? j periodontol... | [
"Estrogen",
"Progesterone",
"Thyroxine",
"Testosterone"
] | A | Glycoprotein hormone that controls erythropoiesis, or red blood cell production. Estrogen inhibits the erythropoietin whereas testosterone stimuates production . Ref: Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology; 24th edition; page no: 709 |
arc_easy_80 | arc_easy | <ctx>
5. 2 calorimetry 14. a 500 - ml bottle of water at room temperature and a 2 - l bottle of water at the same temperature were placed in a refrigerator. after 30 minutes, the 500 - ml bottle of water had cooled to the temperature of the refrigerator. an hour later, the 2 - l of water had cooled to the same temperat... | [
"It was used up.",
"It condensed.",
"It was absorbed by the heat.",
"It turned into water vapor."
] | D | |
qasc_2918 | qasc | <ctx>
store ice ( thermal energy in the form of latent heat ) at night to meet peak demand for cooling. fossil fuels such as coal and gasoline store ancient energy derived from sunlight by organisms that later died, became buried and over time were then converted into these fuels. even food ( which is made by the same ... | [
"Dead prehistoric beings",
"Under water",
"basic building blocks of life",
"dead organisms"
] | A | |
arc_challenge_1079 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
14. 3 phase change and latent heat learning objectives by the end of this section, you will be able to : β’ examine heat transfer. β’ calculate final temperature from heat transfer. so far we have discussed temperature change due to heat transfer. no temperature change occurs from heat transfer if ice melts and bec... | [
"showing some graphs",
"making a conclusion",
"developing a hypothesis",
"collecting some data"
] | D | |
qasc_628 | qasc | <ctx>
5. 3 enthalpy chemical reactions, such as those that occur when you light a match, involve changes in energy as well as matter. societies at all levels of development could not function without the energy released by chemical reactions. in 2012, about 85 % of us energy consumption came from the combustion of petr... | [
"fossil fuels",
"cigarettes",
"organic molecules",
"Firecrackers"
] | A | |
openbookqa_3130 | openbookqa | <ctx>
accept his love. it is only in so far as such assurance is forthcoming in a form sufficiently convincing to enable him to depend safely upon his real objects ( parents ) that he is able to gradually renounce infantile dependence without misgiving. in the absence of such assurance his relationships to his objects ... | [
"taffy",
"steel",
"diamond",
"hard pretzels"
] | A | |
medmcqa_3582 | medmcqa | <ctx>
are also described. also, mutations may act as a disease modifier, especially in families where lack of direct causality is reflected by complex inheritance patterns. it is important to note that a significant number of individuals ( 2 - 7 % ) in the general population carry a rare ( population frequency < 1 % ),... | [
"Propensity for GERD",
"High risk of barrett's esophagus",
"High chance for dieulafoy's lesion",
"Dysphagia is common"
] | A | Four types of hiatus hernia are present. Type I, or sliding hiatal hernia comprising at least 95% of total. Pathology is the weakening of the phrenoesophageal ligament attaching the gastroesophageal junction to the diaphragm at the hiatus. Incidence of sliding hernias increases with Age and conceptually, results from w... |
mmlu_aux_4550 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
##us ) and its conservation implication. in : journal of medical primatology. 40 ( 1 ) : 2 β 5. [ sci ], 2010 fredriksson, g., steinmetz, r., wong, s. t. & garshelis, d. l. : helarctos malayanus. in : iucn 2009. iucn red list of threatened species. version 2009. 1. wong, s. t. 2006 : the status of malayan sun bea... | [
"to feed on",
"to protect its babies",
"to hide themselves",
"to give birth to babies"
] | B | null |
medmcqa_3050 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##dine is an essential trace element in our diet ; it is needed to produce thyroid hormone. insufficient iodine in the diet can lead to the development of a goiter, an enlargement of the thyroid gland ( figure 2. 12 ). 72 2 β’ atoms, molecules, and ions access for free at openstax. org figure 2. 12 ( a ) insuffici... | [
"Primary thyrotoxicosis.",
"Secondary thyrotoxicosis.",
"Toxic nodule.",
"None."
] | A | |
mmlu_aux_7002 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
1. 5 β’ measurement uncertainty, accuracy, and precision 33 counted does not change while the counting process is underway. the result of such a counting measurement is an example of an exact number. by counting the eggs in a carton, one can determine exactly how many eggs the carton contains. the numbers of defin... | [
"nitrogen",
"Perfume",
"Oxygen",
"helium"
] | B | null |
mmlu_aux_8447 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
but today the world health organization takes a more broad approach, that the principles of palliative care should be applied as early as possible to any chronic and ultimately fatal illness. palpation β is the process of using one's hands to check the body, especially while perceiving / diagnosing a disease or i... | [
"sustenance",
"food chart",
"wind",
"gales"
] | A | null |
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