id string | dataset string | question string | options list | answer string | explanation string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
medmcqa_12 | medmcqa | <ctx>
application of pharmacometabolomics is the analysis of a patient's metabolic profile following the administration of a specific therapy. this process is often secondary to a pre - treatment metabolic analysis, allowing for the comparison of pre - and post - treatment metabolite concentrations. this allows for the... | [
"Gastric absorption",
"Liver metabolism",
"Renal clearance",
"Hypersensitivity"
] | C | One of the most impoant pharmacokinetic changes associated with aging is decreased renal elimination of drugs. After age 40, creatinine clearance decreases an average of 8 mL/min/1.73 m2/decade; however, the age-related decrease varies substantially from person to person. Serum creatinine levels often remain within nor... |
medmcqa_5849 | medmcqa | <ctx>
behavioral choices. " self - serving bias a related concept to egocentric bias is self - serving bias, in which one takes undue credit for achievements and blames failures on external forces. however, egocentric bias differs from self - serving bias in that egocentric bias is rooted in an erroneous assumption of ... | [
"Rationalization",
"Compensation",
"Projection",
"Regression"
] | C | Placing unacceptable impulses in yourself onto someone else, i.e. placing blame for the unwanted event upon other is seen in projection. |
medmcqa_8965 | medmcqa | <ctx>
system, can be fatal. taeniasis is not fatal. it is usually contracted after eating undercooked contaminated pork. taeniasis has mild symptoms, including abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, or constipation. drugs are used to treat both diseases. infection can be prevented through stricter meat - inspection standard... | [
"Seizures",
"Focal neurological deficits",
"Dementia",
"Radiculopathy"
] | A | Answer is A (Seizures): "These is wide variety of presentation of Neurocysticercosis depending on the intensity of the infestation, the localization of cystecerci and the degree of inflammatory reaction. Epilepsy (seizure activity) is the most common manifestation occurring in upto 50% cases - API text book of Medicine... |
medmcqa_2881 | medmcqa | <ctx>
antibodies bind to red blood cells that express the corresponding antigen, they cause red blood cells to clump together ( agglutinate ), which can be identified visually. the person's blood group antibodies can also be identified by adding plasma to cells that express the corresponding antigen and observing the a... | [
"Light attenuated in intensity by scattering",
"Refraction of light",
"Reduced transmission of light",
"Filtration of solutes by kidney"
] | A | Nephelometry measures the interaction of antibodies and antigens in solution, detecting immune complex formation by monitoring changes in the scattering of an incident light. Ref: Imboden J.B. (2007). Chapter 3. Laboratory Diagnosis. In J.B. Imboden, D.B. Hellmann, J.H. Stone (Eds), CURRENT Rheumatology Diagnosis & Tre... |
arc_easy_852 | arc_easy | <ctx>
5. 25 208 5 • further applications of newton's laws : friction, drag, and elasticity access for free at openstax. org if we compare animals living on land with those in water, you can see how drag has influenced evolution. fishes, dolphins, and even massive whales are streamlined in shape to reduce drag forces. b... | [
"A bird's sharp beak",
"A cow's tail",
"A sea turtle's flippers",
"A black bear's fur"
] | C | |
medmcqa_694 | medmcqa | <ctx>
cad files into cad / cam software products that guide the user through the manufacturing process. the software can select the tools, machining sequences and cutting conditions optimized for particular types of materials, such as titanium and zirconium, and for particular prostheses, such as copings and bridges. i... | [
"Twin block",
"Activator",
"Bioator",
"Supermarionator"
] | A | |
aquarat_36075 | aquarat | <ctx>
memorization, a run, starting a fire, building a lean - to, serving around camp, writing an essay, all while under a talking ban. at boy's camp, boys are selected for this challenge. those who do not complete the challenge are called " bucks ", and those who do complete the challenge are called " little chiefs ".... | [
"A)A)2888",
"B)B)2885",
"C)C)2880",
"D)D)2876"
] | C | Treat all boys as one unit. Now there are four students and they can be arranged in 4! ways. Again five boys can be arranged among themselves in 5! ways.
Required number of arrangements = 4! * 5! = 24 * 120 = 2880.
Answer:C |
qasc_8114 | qasc | <ctx>
sharp el - 500w series include a range of scientific calculators made by sharp corporation, capable of displaying 2 lines, with multi - line playback. it is the successor to the sharp el - 500v series. features starting with the w series, this product line supports dual - line displays with multiple line playback... | [
"engines",
"meters",
"power",
"liters"
] | D | |
pubmedqa_478 | pubmedqa | <ctx>
##ontal treatment than open flap debridement, including improved attachment gain, reduced pocket depth, less increase in gingival recession and more gain in hard tissue probing at re - entry surgery. however there is marked variability between studies and the clinical relevance of these changes is unknown. as a r... | [
"yes",
"no",
"maybe"
] | C | |
medmcqa_9452 | medmcqa | <ctx>
using polymeric materials. spinal cord engineering spinal cord injury can be seriously detrimental to normal form and function in the human body, often leading to major loss of motor and sensory function that can even affect the whole of the body below the injury level. the number of global spinal cord injury cas... | [
"Both the upper limb.",
"Both the lower limb .",
"One upper and lower limb.",
"Any of the above."
] | B | Paraplegia is due to impairment in motor or sensory function of the lower extremities. |
medmcqa_1199 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##oma syndrome ( mppc syndrome ). fzd4 ( frizzled class receptor 4 ), which is a gene related to familial exudative vitreoretinopathy ( fevr ), was also found to be related to some pfv cases. however, in bilateral cases of pfv with cardiovascular and central nervous system abnormalities, trisomy 13 ( patau syndro... | [
"Malaria",
"Iron deficiency anaemia",
"Physiological anaemia",
"Megaloblastic anaemia"
] | A | Malaria |
aquarat_23669 | aquarat | <ctx>
2003. it is connected to the airside center by the skymetro, an automated underground people mover. runways zurich airport has three runways : 16 / 34 of in length, 14 / 32 of in length, and 10 / 28 of in length. for most of the day and in most conditions, runway 14 is used for landings and runways 16 and 28 are ... | [
"A)25min",
"B)1hr 5min",
"C)1hr 15min",
"D)2hr 20min"
] | B | Following way may not be a pure mathematical approach to solve it but it got me the result within a minute.
A: Flight leaves every hour; 8,9,10,11,12,1,2,3
B: Flight leaves every 20min; 8:20,8:40,9,9:20,9:40,10,10:20,10:40,11
C: Flight leaves every hour: 8:45,9:45,10:45,11:45,12:45
Passenger leaves at 8:00AM from A; re... |
medmcqa_7181 | medmcqa | <ctx>
various detection methods have been employed. most often, these involve the use of nuclear magnetic resonance ( nmr ) spectroscopy or mass spectrometry ( ms ), providing universal detection, identification and quantification of metabolites in individual patient samples. although both processes are used in pharmac... | [
"Rapid urease test",
"Urea breath test",
"Endoscopy and biopsy",
"Serum anti H.Pylori titre"
] | B | Urea breath test is a test with high sensitivity and specificity for Helicobacter pylori. It is a non-invasive test used to diagnose and confirm elimination of H.pylori infection. Ref: Davidson's principles and practice of Medicine, 20th Edition, Chapter 22, Page 886; Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17th Ed... |
medmcqa_2019 | medmcqa | <ctx>
implicated in the development of diabetic foot ulcers are infection, older age, diabetic neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease, cigarette smoking, poor glycemic control, previous foot ulcerations or amputations, and ischemia of small and large blood vessels. prior history of foot disease, foot deformities that ... | [
"Trophic ulcers",
"Neuropathy",
"Microangiopathic changes in blood vessels",
"Macroangiopathy"
] | C | Answer is C (Microangiopathic changes in blood vessels): Macroangiopathic changes in blood vessels in the form of peripheral aerial disease contribute to the generation of foot ulcers and non microangiopathic changes. Pathogenic Factors in generation of foot ulcers in DM Neuropathy (Peripheral Sensory neuropathy): Trop... |
medmcqa_3247 | medmcqa | <ctx>
hemangioma is large it can cause abdominal pain, a sense of fullness in right upper abdominal area, heart problems, and coagulation dysfunction. cavernous hemangiomas are diagnosed with medical imaging ( do not usually need biopsy to confirm diagnosis ). given their benign course and often asymptomatic nature, ca... | [
"Fibroadenoma",
"Fibroadenosis",
"Cancer",
"Mastalgia"
] | A | Ans. (a) Fibroadenoma(Ref. Bailey and Love 27th edition Page 870)* Fibroadenoma (Breast mouse) is mc in young females, painless and freely mobile with Firm Indian rubbery consistency |
medmcqa_5674 | medmcqa | <ctx>
coordinates its actions and sensory information by transmitting signals to and from different parts of its body. the nervous system detects environmental changes that impact the body, then works in tandem with the endocrine system to respond to such events. neurology – is a branch of medicine dealing with disorde... | [
"Ext nasal branch of ophthalmic division of",
"Inferior orbital nerve",
"Buccal br of mandibular nerve",
"Orbital of maxillary n"
] | A | Nerve supply General sensory nerves derived from the branches of trigeminal nerve are distributed to whole of the lateral wall: Anterosuperior quadrant is supplied by the anterior ethmoidal nerve branch of ophthalmic nerve. Anteroinferior quadrant is suplied by the anterior superior alveolar nerve branch of infraorbita... |
aquarat_14453 | aquarat | <ctx>
##ity. more generally, then, the higher the elasticity of demand compared to pes, the heavier the burden on producers ; conversely, the more inelastic the demand compared to supply, the heavier the burden on consumers. the general principle is that the party ( i. e., consumers or producers ) that has fewer opport... | [
"A)11 1/0%",
"B)11 1/5%",
"C)11 1/9%",
"D)11 2/9%"
] | C | 100 – 10 = 90
90------10
100------? => 11 1/9%
Answer: C |
medmcqa_4357 | medmcqa | <ctx>
fully understood ; however, after administration the anti - d coated red blood cell complexes saturate fcγ receptors sites on macrophages, resulting in preferential destruction of red blood cells ( rbcs ), therefore sparing antibody - coated platelets. anti - d is recommended as a first - line therapy for itp, al... | [
"Fresh frozen plasma",
"Whole blood",
"Packed RBCs",
"Cryoprecipitate"
] | A | Refer Robbins page no 664 |
pubmedqa_300 | pubmedqa | <ctx>
33893758. coles cd, kable ja, granovska iv, pashtepa ao, wertelecki w, chambers cd ; cifasd. measurement of neurodevelopmental effects of prenatal alcohol exposure in ukrainian preschool children. child neuropsychol. 2021 may 13 : 1 - 16. epub ahead of print. pmid 33982636. books, chapters and other publications ... | [
"yes",
"no",
"maybe"
] | A | |
medmcqa_7009 | medmcqa | <ctx>
is not readily apparent under normal optics. defects and disease there is evidence to believe that certain defects of any components of the elastic matrix may impair and alter the structural appearance of elastic and collagen fibers. cutis laxa and williams syndrome have elastic matrix defects that have been dire... | [
"Busulfan administration",
"Nelsons syndrome",
"Addison disease",
"Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome"
] | D | Busulfan administration Busulfan, cyclophosphamide, 5-fluorouracil, and inorganic arsenic induce pigment production and cause diffuse hyperpigmentation Nelson's syndrome Increased ACTH (Which has paial MSH activity) due to bilateral adrenalectomy Addison's disease Increased ACTH (Which has paial MSH activity) due to de... |
qasc_6634 | qasc | <ctx>
examined and xi are the individual data values. the expectation and variance of θ are for large n, e ( θ ) is approximately 1 and if the number of individuals sampled ( n'' ) is large this estimate of the variance is in agreement with those derived earlier. however, for smaller samples these latter estimates are ... | [
"population divided by class",
"population divided by area",
"solid, liquid, gas",
"biological diversity"
] | B | |
aquarat_26643 | aquarat | <ctx>
, was transmitted to arabic country in an 825ad book by al khwarizmi via india, and in use by 10th century abu'l - hasan al - uqlidisi and 15th century jamshid al - kashi's work " arithematic key ". addition put the two numerators 1 and 2 on the left side of counting board, put the two denominators 3 and 5 at the... | [
"A)276",
"B)299",
"C)322",
"D)345"
] | C | Clearly, the numbers are (23 * 13) and (23 * 14). Larger number = (23 * 14) = 322.
ANSWER:C |
medmcqa_1990 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##s ) are a particularly vast family, with at least 810 members. there are also lgics for at least a dozen endogenous ligands, and many more receptors possible through different subunit compositions. some common examples of ligands and receptors include : ion channels and g protein coupled receptors some example ... | [
"Most potent stimulus is high PCO2",
"Dopamine is neurotransmitter",
"Low blood flow",
"Afferent through vagus nerve"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Dopamine is neurotransmitter Peripheral chemoreceptors The peripheral chemoreceptors which regulate respiration are located in the carotid body and aoic bodies. These bodies are located in the connective tissue associated with the vessel wall, at the bifurcation of the common carotid, and on the arch ... |
medmcqa_1453 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##aract is caused when crystallins are damaged photochemically, thereby leading to diminished lenticular transparency. he argued that the oxidative stress on the lens induces covalent chemical changes in the constituent molecules and these changes lead to cataract. he researched further on the subject to find out... | [
"Corneal opacity",
"Diabetic retinopathy",
"Glaucoma",
"Trachoma"
] | C | Cataract 39% Glaucoma 10% tracoma3% diabeticretinopathy 4% Ref-Park&;s textbook of Preventive and social medicine 23rd edition. . |
arc_easy_596 | arc_easy | <ctx>
atoms, molecules, or ions and the solid gets hotter. at some point, the added energy becomes large enough to partially overcome the forces holding the molecules or ions of the solid in their fixed positions, and the solid begins the process of transitioning to the liquid state, or melting. at this point, the temp... | [
"The ice changes to a liquid and back to a solid.",
"The ice changes to a liquid then to a gas.",
"The ice changes to a gas and back to a solid.",
"The ice changes to a gas then to a liquid."
] | B | |
mmlu_aux_2426 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
##trator plant in sardinia. the company claim a round trip efficiency of 75 % and a projected cost of eur220 / kwh of storage capacity, which is half that of li - ion batteries. batteries battery storage was used in the early days of direct current electric power. where ac grid power was not readily available, is... | [
"the technology isn't practical up to now",
"the cost of the new technology is quite high",
"the size of the batteries is too big at present",
"the government won't support the technology"
] | D | null |
qasc_3019 | qasc | <ctx>
strands may also form hybrids in which single stranded dna may readily anneal with complementary dna or rna. this principle is the basis of commonly performed laboratory techniques such as the polymerase chain reaction, pcr. two strands of complementary sequence are referred to as sense and anti - sense. the sens... | [
"plants",
"albumin",
"an image",
"resistance"
] | B | |
qasc_1625 | qasc | <ctx>
the atmosphere, a gas that is required by nearly all living things to carry out cellular respiration. in addition, they are influential in the global carbon and water cycles and plant roots bind and stabilise soils, preventing soil erosion. plants are crucial to the future of human society as they provide food, o... | [
"plants",
"fungi",
"cacti",
"clothing"
] | A | |
medmcqa_2298 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##brous sheath at the optic disc ; not known to cause any visual disorders ; visualized as a linear, gray structure anterior to the optic disc. due to pfv ’ s close resemblance with retinoblastoma in particular, conclusively identifying pfv through advanced medical imaging is timely and crucial for an accurate di... | [
"Lenticonus",
"Coloboma",
"Microspherophakia",
"Ectopia lentis"
] | D | Presence of uniocular diplopia together with the finding of the golden crescent on oblique illumination (edge of subluxated lens) or black crecent line on coaxial illumination (edge of subluxated lens) suggests a diagnosis of `subluxation' of the crystalline lens. Ectopic lens refers to the displacement of shows lens f... |
mmlu_aux_4702 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
central executive can be understood as the conscious mind. the central executive can pull information from the long - term memory back to the working memory for its use. as a computer processes information, this is how it is thought our minds are processing information. the output that a computer would deliver ca... | [
"the more information we can put in our Short Term Memory",
"the more information we can put in our Long Term Memory",
"the less information.we can put in our Short Term Memory",
"the less information we can put,in our Long Term Memory"
] | B | null |
mmlu_aux_4886 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
for conservation of biodiversity through captive breeding programs ( " ex - situ " conservation ) in particular of threatened species as well as various " in - situ " conservation programs, such as reintroduction and restocking projects, supporting in - situ conservation projects ( protection of species and / or ... | [
"protect them",
"see them better",
"feed them",
"save them"
] | B | null |
arc_easy_815 | arc_easy | <ctx>
needed to use a constant in a program. however, included with the calculator was a library of over 120 programs that performed common operations in mathematics, geometry, statistics, finance, physics, electronics, engineering, as well as fluid mechanics and materials science. the full library of standard programs... | [
"(1.45)^3",
"1 5/11",
"1.45 x 10^3",
"1.45 x 3"
] | C | |
openbookqa_1808 | openbookqa | <ctx>
the injection moulded connector by a mechanism known as stress corrosion cracking, or scc. the crack took about 7 days to grow across the diameter of the tube, hence the van driver should have seen the leak well before the crack grew to a critical size. he did not, therefore resulting in the accident. the fractur... | [
"black holes",
"Pine",
"time travel",
"emotions"
] | B | |
pubmedqa_982 | pubmedqa | <ctx>
. intranasal administration of oxytocin in patients with an significantly lowered food anticipation and eating concern. substance use disorder uncontrolled and continuous use of a substance, drugs or alcohol, is known as substance use disorder. substances can interfere with neuronal signaling and potentially disr... | [
"yes",
"no",
"maybe"
] | A | |
medmcqa_5593 | medmcqa | <ctx>
noninvasive glucose monitoring ( nigm ) is the measurement of blood glucose levels, required by people with diabetes to prevent both chronic and acute complications from the disease, without drawing blood, puncturing the skin, or causing pain or trauma. the search for a successful technique began about 1975 and h... | [
"Gunpowder residue",
"Seminal stains",
"Blood stains",
"Saliva"
] | A | |
aquarat_12566 | aquarat | <ctx>
longevity may refer to especially long - lived members of a population, whereas life expectancy is defined statistically as the average number of years remaining at a given age. for example, a population's life expectancy at birth is the same as the average age at death for all people born in the same year ( in t... | [
"A)18",
"B)19",
"C)20",
"D)17"
] | A | Let their ages of x years and (x + 11) years respectively.
Then, (x + 11) - 10 = 2(x - 10)
⇔ x +1 = 2x - 20
⇔ 3x = 21.
∴ Present age of the elder person = (7 + 11)
= 18years.
Answer :18 years |
medmcqa_1231 | medmcqa | <ctx>
the pregnant mother include : emergency cesarean section, postpartum hemorrhage, and obstetric anal sphincter injury. compared to pregnancies without macrosomia, pregnant women giving birth to newborns weighing between 4, 000 grams and 4, 500 grams are at two times greater risk of complications, and those giving ... | [
"APH",
"PPH",
"Hea disease",
"Eclampsia"
] | C | Ans. is c i.e. Hea disease |
aquarat_32953 | aquarat | <ctx>
2. 3 • time, velocity, and speed 45 figure 2. 11 position vs. time, velocity vs. time, and speed vs. time on a trip. note that the velocity for the return trip is negative. making connections : take - home investigation — getting a sense of speed if you have spent much time driving, you probably have a good sense... | [
"A)30 mph",
"B)32 mph",
"C)35 mph",
"D)37 mph"
] | C | The time to complete the first 30 miles was (30 miles / 60 mph) = (1/2) hours.
The time to complete the whole trip was (100 miles / 40 mph) = (5/2) hours.
The time to complete the last 70 miles was (5/2) - (1/2) = (2) hours.
The average speed in the last 70 miles was (70 miles / 2 hours) = 35 mph.
The answer is C. |
openbookqa_2994 | openbookqa | <ctx>
##osing, only he who encloses understands. no other heaven measures this sphere's motion, but it serves as the measure for the rest, even as half and fifth determine ten ; the primum mobile is the abode of angels, and here dante sees god as an intensely bright point of light surrounded by nine rings of angels ( c... | [
"rocks",
"the Rio Grande",
"a beeping sound",
"lemurs"
] | D | |
openbookqa_1988 | openbookqa | <ctx>
the parents. at the same time, the more extreme the expression of the trait in the parents, the more likely the child is to express the trait at all. for example, the child of two extremely tall parents is likely to be taller than the average person ( displaying the trait ), but unlikely to be taller than the two... | [
"tooth gap",
"favorite color",
"sense of fun",
"liking dogs"
] | A | |
medmcqa_1544 | medmcqa | <ctx>
further to produce hydrazine, n2h4 : anhydrous hydrazine is relatively stable in spite of its positive free energy of formation : hydrazine is a fuming, colorless liquid that has some physical properties remarkably similar to those of h2o ( it melts at 2 °c, boils at 113. 5 °c, and has a density at 25 °c of 1. 00... | [
"Rodenticide",
"Insecticide",
"Larvicide",
"All"
] | A | Rodenticides They are 2 groups: 1) Single dose /acute(Zinc phosphide and Barium carbonate), 2) multiple doses/cumulative(warfarin, diphacinone, coumafuril, pindone). Zinc phosphide is an efficient single dose rodenticide. Rats are killed by about 3 hours. Due to the good safety record, low cost, and reasonably high eff... |
medmcqa_2523 | medmcqa | <ctx>
from direct contact with hot tooling. an aluminum foil layer is used to block oxygen diffusion into the packaging, so no additional implant material is needed. automotive manufacturing the automotive industry makes large scale use of implant induction welding for the manufacture of large plastic items such as bum... | [
"Osteonecrosis",
"Young female",
"Inflammatory arthritis",
"Revision surgery"
] | B | Based on the articulating surfaces of the prosthesis, THR may be of the following type:-
Metal on poly: One surface is metallic (femoral side) and the other is of polyethene (on the acetabular side).
Metal on metal: Both articulating surfaces are of metal.
Ceramic on ceramic: Both articulating surfaces are of ceramic... |
qasc_4538 | qasc | <ctx>
warms the ground, which in turn warms the air directly above it. the warmer air expands, becoming less dense than the surrounding air mass, and creating a thermal low. the mass of lighter air rises, and as it does, it cools by expansion at lower air pressures. it stops rising when it has cooled to the same temper... | [
"speed",
"the sun",
"energy",
"supersonic"
] | B | |
openbookqa_2071 | openbookqa | <ctx>
m. pt and a single hour encore of the equalizer at 10 : 30 p. m. et / 10 p. m. pt effective until december 24, 2023, when fox is scheduled to air a doubleheader on a given week, local programming will air in the 7 p. m. pacific / 6 p. m. mountain hour, with its prime - time programming beginning at 8 p. m. et / p... | [
"7 days",
"a month",
"a week",
"168 hours"
] | B | |
qasc_6826 | qasc | <ctx>
to describe what happens. notably, in order to deflect a test particle from its geodesic path, an external force must be applied. a chair someone is sitting on applies an external upwards force preventing the person from falling freely towards the center of the earth and thus following a geodesic, which they woul... | [
"ground",
"forces",
"Objectives",
"Earth"
] | D | |
medmcqa_8498 | medmcqa | <ctx>
26. 1 • physics of the eye 1155 since, this gives now, for close vision, discussion for an eye with this typical 2. 00 cm lens - to - retina distance, the power of the eye ranges from 50. 0 d ( for distant totally relaxed vision ) to 54. 0 d ( for close fully accommodated vision ), which is an 8 % increase. this ... | [
"Loss of elasticity of the capsule",
"Sclerosis of lens fibres",
"Reduced anterior movement of the lens",
"Reduced contraction of the ciliary muscle"
] | C | Presbyopia is multifactorial and is believed to result from poor ciliary muscle contraction with age and age-related sclerosis and loss of elasticity of the lens fibres and the lens capsule. |
medmcqa_9474 | medmcqa | <ctx>
. intranasal administration of oxytocin in patients with an significantly lowered food anticipation and eating concern. substance use disorder uncontrolled and continuous use of a substance, drugs or alcohol, is known as substance use disorder. substances can interfere with neuronal signaling and potentially disr... | [
"Heroin",
"Cocaine",
"Cannabis",
"Alcohol"
] | A | Heroin is a semi synthetic derivative of opium. Withdrawal symptoms are lacrimation, sweating, yawning,anxiety,restlessness, rhinorrhoea and tremors seen 8-12 hours after last dose. All the other drugs donot have the above set of side effects. Ref: KD Tripathi 8th ed. |
aquarat_42583 | aquarat | <ctx>
imagine finding in envelope a, if we were to open that envelope, and suppose that a = 2n for some n ≥ 1. in that case the other envelope contains a / 2 with probability 3 / 5 and 2a with probability 2 / 5. so either the first envelope contains 1, in which case the conditional expected amount in the other envelope... | [
"A)s 200",
"B)s 500",
"C)s 300",
"D)s 450"
] | B | Suppose the amount in the beginning was Rs ’x’
Money spent on clothes = Rs 1x/3 Balance = Rs 2x/3
Money spent on food = 1/5 of 2x/3 = Rs 2x/15
Balance = 2x/3 - 2x/15 = Rs 8x/15
Money spent on travel = 1/4 of 8x/15 = Rs 2x/15 = 8x/15 - 2x/15 = 6x/15 = Rs2x/5
Therefore 2x/5 = 200 = 500
ANSWER:B |
medmcqa_2853 | medmcqa | <ctx>
as " speculation " by a team of scientists from sydney commissioned by the attorney general of australia ( ag ). dr. michael buckley, the director of the randwick genomics laboratory at the prince of wales hospital, argued that they should use the criteria set by the american college of medical genetics and genom... | [
"MRI",
"CT",
"X ray",
"Echocardiography"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Echocardiography Investigations o Investiation of choice to identify individual cardiac chamber enlargement - 2D-echocardiography. o Inv estigation of choice for pericardial effusion - 2D-echocardiography. o Investigation of choice for valvular heart disease - 2D-echocardiography. o Investigation of c... |
openbookqa_500 | openbookqa | <ctx>
waterways in general is known as surface hydrology. lakes a lake ( from latin lacus ) is a terrain feature, a body of water that is localized to the bottom of basin. a body of water is considered a lake when it is inland, is not part of an ocean, and is larger and deeper than a pond. natural lakes on earth are ge... | [
"fish and frogs get along",
"there is a mix of life",
"life forms gather together",
"there is a lot of growth"
] | B | |
qasc_505 | qasc | <ctx>
plasticity influence the fitness of an animal in a novel environment by increasing the probability that the animal will survive in that environment. developmental plasticity is particularly important in terms of survival in novel environments, because trial - and - error processes such as learning ( which encompa... | [
"Blankets",
"Lack of Food",
"food",
"Habitat Destruction"
] | A | |
qasc_5634 | qasc | <ctx>
very free - draining, and rainfall on sandy soil is likely to be absorbed by the ground. however, soils containing clay can be almost impermeable and therefore rainfall on clay soils will run off and contribute to flood volumes. after prolonged rainfall even free - draining soils can become saturated, meaning tha... | [
"loose soil",
"important habitats",
"autumnal pools",
"swamp vegetation"
] | C | |
mmlu_aux_5189 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
. haldane, large animals do not look like small animals : an elephant cannot be mistaken for a mouse scaled up in size. this is due to allometric scaling : the bones of an elephant are necessarily proportionately much larger than the bones of a mouse, because they must carry proportionately higher weight. haldane... | [
"A giraffe has only seven bones.",
"The giraffe is the largest animal on the land.",
"It takes eight years for a giraffe to grow up.",
"Most of the leaves on the trees are eaten up by giraffes."
] | C | null |
aquarat_16285 | aquarat | <ctx>
)? 11. a student drove to the university from their home and noted that the odometer reading of their car increased by 12. 0 km. the trip took 18. 0 min. ( a ) what was their average speed? ( b ) if the straight - line distance from their home to the university is
4 s? ( b ) what is his instantaneous velocity at... | [
"A)1km",
"B)500mts",
"C)600mts",
"D)2km"
] | C | Let the each distance be x km
total distance = 3x
then total time,
(x/2)+(x/4)+(x/6) = 11/60
x=0.2
total distance = 3*0.2 = 0.6km = 600meters
correct option is C |
mmlu_aux_3293 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
g. h. hardy in 1930. lectures were normally given in the individual colleges of the university and hardy proposed a central space where mathematics lectures could be held and where mathematicians could regularly meet. this proposal was too ambitious for the university, who allocated just six rooms for mathematici... | [
"Simon Singh",
"Andrew Wiles",
"Pierre de Fermat",
"a French woman scientist["
] | B | null |
openbookqa_259 | openbookqa | <ctx>
animalia ) and the protozoa, single - celled organisms no longer considered animals. in modern times, the biological classification of animals relies on advanced techniques, such as molecular phylogenetics, which are effective at demonstrating the evolutionary relationships between taxa. humans make use of many a... | [
"TV",
"learning from mom",
"instinctive behavior",
"school"
] | C | |
aquarat_24397 | aquarat | <ctx>
of these interest and principal payments must equal the cumulative fixed payments at time t i. e. mat. evaluating the first integral on the right we obtain an expression for i ( t ), the interest paid : unsurprisingly the second integral evaluates to p0 − p ( t ) and therefore : the reader may easily verify that ... | [
"A)500",
"B)287",
"C)288",
"D)122"
] | A | Let the lent at 5% be 'A'
(A x 5 x 1)/100 + [(1500 - A)x 6 x 1]/100 = 85
5A/100 + 90 – 6A/100 = 85
A/100 = 5
=> A = 500
Answer: A |
aquarat_28513 | aquarat | <ctx>
is, entering this into the expression above, we get 21. 34 21. 35 21. 36 21. 37 21. 38 21. 39 21. 40
a unit fraction is a positive fraction with one as its numerator, 1 /. it is the multiplicative inverse ( reciprocal ) of the denominator of the fraction, which must be a positive natural number. examples are 1 /... | [
"A)45",
"B)49",
"C)44",
"D)43"
] | B | Explanation:
[(7/2 ÷ 1/2 × 7/2)]/[(7/2 × 1/2 ÷ 7/2)]
= [7/2 × 2/1 × 7/2]/[7/2 × 1/2 × 2/7]
= 49/2 / 1/2 = 49/2 x 2/1 = 49
Answer: Option B |
openbookqa_2416 | openbookqa | <ctx>
- for example, the udmurt lul, the komi lol, the mansi lal ('life'), the khanty lil'' and the hungarian. occasionally one uses a bunch of leafy, fragrant silver birch called a ( in eastern finland ) to gently beat oneself. this supposedly has a relaxing effect on the muscles and also helps to soothe the irritatio... | [
"hot water",
"an ice pack",
"Fire",
"the sun"
] | B | |
medmcqa_1562 | medmcqa | <ctx>
system, can be fatal. taeniasis is not fatal. it is usually contracted after eating undercooked contaminated pork. taeniasis has mild symptoms, including abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, or constipation. drugs are used to treat both diseases. infection can be prevented through stricter meat - inspection standard... | [
"BHC",
"DDT",
"HHC",
"Permethrin"
] | D | |
aquarat_25612 | aquarat | <ctx>
##ino wanted a snappy delivery from the characters because she believes that " comedy dies slow ", which required large volumes of dialogue to fill the hour - long time slot. scripts averaged 80 pages per episode, compared to an " hour - long " average of 55 – 60 pages, with one page translating to 20 – 25 second... | [
"A)9",
"B)8",
"C)10",
"D)8.5"
] | A | 63/7=9
A.9 |
mmlu_aux_8713 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
which plants have to grow while under the shade of other plants, and the unusual effects this produces. his work in plant biology would later extend to using light emitting diodes ( leds ) to control specific attributes of plants, such as quality, flavor, aroma, nutrition, and texture. on this, folta says that ea... | [
"a fish",
"a canary",
"a penguin",
"a tiger"
] | B | null |
medmcqa_5930 | medmcqa | <ctx>
is taking it " → зэриштэрэ " the way ( s ) he is talking it ". ешхы " ( s ) he is eating " → зэришхырэ " the way ( s ) he is eating ". examples : пшъашъэр зэракӏорэр дахэ - " the way the girl goes is beautiful ". кӏалэр зэреджэрэр дэгъоп - " the way the boy studies is not good ". унэр тэрэзкӏэ зэрашӏырэр - " the ... | [
"Posterior cricoarytenoids",
"Transverse arytenoids",
"Cricothyroid",
"All of the above"
] | A | |
medmcqa_6385 | medmcqa | <ctx>
due to chronic inflammation, such as due to stones or schistosomiasis. investigations performed usually include collecting a sample of urine for an inspection for malignant cells under a microscope, called cytology, as well as medical imaging by a ct urogram or ultrasound. if a concerning lesion is seen, a flexib... | [
"Spleen",
"Liver",
"Pancreas",
"Stomach"
] | A | |
mmlu_aux_2718 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
the price of food. weather events adverse weather events such as droughts or heavy rain can cause harvest failure. there is evidence that extreme weather events and natural disasters cause increased food prices. global differences the price of food has risen quite drastically during the 2007 – 08 and the 2010 – 2... | [
"eggs",
"KTV's",
"houses",
"cigarettes"
] | A | null |
qasc_280 | qasc | <ctx>
11. 1 • the dissolution process 549 when containers of helium and argon are connected, the gases spontaneously mix due to diffusion and form a solution ( figure 11. 3 ). the formation of this solution clearly involves an increase in matter dispersal, since the helium and argon atoms occupy a volume twice as large... | [
"Solutions",
"salinity",
"sugar",
"Condensation"
] | A | |
medmcqa_3910 | medmcqa | <ctx>
cough, chest pain, or breathlessness, which also occur in many other illnesses, so diagnosis can be difficult. usually, only patients with already weakened immune systems or who suffer other lung conditions are susceptible. in humans, the major forms of disease are : acute invasive aspergillosis, a form that grow... | [
"Aspiration",
"Direct spread from liver",
"Hematogenous spread from liver",
"Hematogenous spread from gut"
] | B | Answer is B (Direct spread from liver): An amoebic lung abscess is almost always secondary to spread from the liver. Extraintestinal infection by E. histolytica most often involves the liver. Fuher involvement most commonly leads to Amoebic lung abscess. Infact pleuropulmonary involvement (Lung): is the most frequent c... |
aquarat_13934 | aquarat | <ctx>
1. 2 • physical quantities and units 21 example 1. 1 unit conversions : a short drive home suppose that you drive the 10. 0 km from your school to home in 20. 0 min. calculate your average speed ( a ) in kilometers per hour ( km / h ) and ( b ) in meters per second ( m / s ). ( note : average speed is distance tr... | [
"A)9.53km/hr",
"B)56.89km/hr",
"C)8.96km/hr",
"D)7.96km/hr"
] | A | Let the whole distance travelled be x km
and the average speed of the car for he whole journey be y km/hr
then (x/3)/7+(x/2)/12+(x/4)/16=x/y
x/21+x/24+x/64=x/y
y=9.53km/hr
Answer(A) |
medmcqa_5872 | medmcqa | <ctx>
is already better than the best in terms of the main objective. feasibility determination the goal of this problem is to determine all the feasible designs from a finite set of design alternatives, where the feasible designs are defined as the designs with their performance measures satisfying specified control r... | [
"Assessment of child for degree of dehydration",
"Assessment of child for degree of malnutrition",
"Assessment of child for presence of hea disease",
"Assessment of child for degree of mental"
] | C | Answer is C (Assessment of child for presence of Hea disease) NADA's criteria are used for assessment of child for presence of hea disease. The assessment of a child for the presence or absence of hea disease can be done with the help of some guidelines suggested by 'V -I DA. These guidelines are called NAT) criteria. ... |
mmlu_aux_4771 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
determine if the calls could be distinguished with a known context. the experiment determined that while the vervet monkeys were able to categorize different predators and members of different social groups, however their ability to communicate specific threats is not proven. the chirps and barks that vervet monk... | [
"flies for food",
"follows her home",
"follows her for water",
"flies away"
] | B | null |
medmcqa_535 | medmcqa | <ctx>
broad ligament of the uterus. for a short part, the uterine arteries travel on top for a short ( ) period. they then pass by the cervix, traveling inward towards the bladder. blood and lymphatic supply the arteries which supply the ureter vary along its course. the upper third of the ureter, closest to the kidney... | [
"Left gonadal vein",
"Left renal vein",
"Left brachiocephalic vein",
"Hemiazygous vein"
] | A | The left gonadal vein drains into the left renal vein which crosses the midline to join inferior vena cava. All the other options (Left renal vein, left brachiocephalic vein and hemiazygous vein) cross the midline.Ref: Human Anatomy, B D Chaurasia, 4th Edition, Volume 2, Chapter 24, Page 297, 307, 316; Clinical Anatomy... |
aquarat_20162 | aquarat | <ctx>
1... n ; j = 1... n = 1 if link a is on path r from i to j ; zero otherwise. so constraint ( 1 ) sums traffic on each link. there is a constraint for each link on the network. constraint ( 3 ) assures no negative traffic. example an example from eash, janson, and boyce ( 1979 ) will illustrate the solution to the... | [
"A)17.5%",
"B)16(3/7)%",
"C)18.5%",
"D)18.25%"
] | B | Solution: Let the bike's initial cost be X and then car's initial cost be 5X.
After the increase,
Bike price = 1.2X
Car price = 5.75X
Initial total cost of 5 cars and 10 bikes,
= 25X+10X = 35X
New cost,
= 28.75X+12x = 40.75X
Change in cost = (40.75X-35X) = 5.75X
% change = (5.75X*100)/35 = 16(3/7)%.
Answer: Option B |
medmcqa_3225 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##ccal ganglions, forming the anterior collar. the fifth pair of nerves issue apparently from the outer border of the branchial ganglia, and go to the skin by the side of the head. the sixth pair are small, and come from the upper surface of the branchial ganglions ; these nerves go to the skin of the sides of th... | [
"First web space of foot",
"Anterolateral aspect of leg",
"Fourth web space of foot",
"Lateral aspect of foot"
] | A | First web space of foot is supplied by deep peroneal nerve while the rest three web spaces are supplied by superficial peroneal nerve. |
arc_easy_295 | arc_easy | <ctx>
neuromechanics is an interdisciplinary field that combines biomechanics and neuroscience to understand how the nervous system interacts with the skeletal and muscular systems to enable animals to move. in a motor task, like reaching for an object, neural commands are sent to motor neurons to activate a set of mus... | [
"circulatory",
"excretory",
"nervous",
"respiratory"
] | D | |
medmcqa_756 | medmcqa | <ctx>
from its inception in 1978, the c u shah ophthalmic postgraduate training center has been offering fellowship programmes in vitreo - retinal surgery and general ophthalmology to holders of postgraduate degree and a diploma in ophthalmology. the center ( m c i approved ) offers training programmes for graduates in... | [
"Advance eye care PGI Chandigarh",
"RIO",
"Dr. R P Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences , Delhi",
"Shankara Netralaya , Chennai"
] | C | Dr RP Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, New Delhi has been designated as the apex national institute of ophthalmology. |
mmlu_aux_1721 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
( about one hour short ). at some point, eclipses are no longer possible and the series terminates ( sun leaves the beginning of the node ). an arbitrary solar saros series was designated as solar saros series 1 by compilers of eclipse statistics. this series has finished, but the eclipse of november 16, 1990 bc ... | [
"longer-lasting than most solar eclipses",
"more common than partial or full lunar eclipse",
"the result of the shadow cast by the Moon onto the Earth",
"more difficult to observe than other types of lunar eclipse"
] | D | null |
aquarat_40011 | aquarat | <ctx>
the possible numbers of successes, given in the final column of this table, are derived as follows. for 0 successes, there is clearly only one set of four choices ( namely, choosing all four incorrect cups ) giving this result. for one success and three failures, there are four correct cups of which one is select... | [
"A)1/2",
"B)7/8",
"C)32/35",
"D)11/12"
] | B | answer is B
Total probability=8C3=48
4C3 +4C2*4C1+4C1*4C2=4+24+24=42
therefore the probability that at least one of the fashion magazines will be selected=42/48=7/8
B |
aquarat_21535 | aquarat | <ctx>
a time, to see the result. here are a few expressions to try : • x = 5 • 3 * x - 5 • 3 * ( x - 5 ) • x • type ( 1 ) • type ('1')
all the digits have been used, write " 00 " ) and write them to the right of the remainder from the previous step ( on the first step, there will be no remainder ). in other words, mul... | [
"A)No answer",
"B)25",
"C)1",
"D)0"
] | A | a = 1, b = 5, c = 25
x1,2 = (-5 ± √(5^2 - 4×1×25)) / (2×1) = (-5 ± √(25-100)) / 2 = (-5 ± √ -75) / 2
No real roots
A |
aquarat_29685 | aquarat | <ctx>
of flips, the probability that the game will eventually end this way is 1. ( one way to see this is as follows. any given finite string of heads and tails will eventually be flipped with certainty : the probability of not seeing this string, while high at first, decays exponentially. in particular, the players wo... | [
"A)3/8",
"B)7/8",
"C)1/8",
"D)1/2"
] | B | There are 8 possible outcomes and only one (111) has a sum equal or less than 3.
P(the sum is greater than 3) = 1 - 1/8 = 7/8
The answer is B. |
aquarat_37090 | aquarat | <ctx>
1. 2 • phases and classification of matter 15 figure 1. 8 ( a ) the mass of beer precursor materials is the same as the mass of beer produced : sugar has become alcohol and carbon dioxide. ( b ) the mass of the lead, lead oxide, and sulfuric acid consumed by the production of electricity is exactly equal to the m... | [
"A)35;36",
"B)7 : 8",
"C)15 : 14",
"D)14 : 5"
] | C | 5/8 : 7/12
LCM of 8,12 = 24
(5/8)*24 : (7/12)*24
15:14
Answer is C. |
mmlu_aux_4588 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
. born : marcus du sautoy, british mathematician, in london august 27, 1965 ( friday ) george e. mueller, associate administrator for manned space flight, requested msc director robert r. gilruth to identify the requirements for a spacecraft atmosphere selection and validation program to support the longer durati... | [
"Spacesuits can keep astronauts warm",
"Spacesuits can keep astronauts safe",
"Flying rubbish in space goes very slowly",
"Outside the station ,it can be too cold or hot for people."
] | C | null |
mmlu_aux_2008 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
chlorine compounds into reactive chlorine compounds, which can deplete ozone easily. moreover, the polar vortex formed over antarctica is very tight and the reaction occurring on the surface of the cloud crystals is far different from when it occurs in atmosphere. these conditions have led to ozone hole formation... | [
"absorbs as much as sunlight as possible",
"protects man against ultraviolet radiation",
"controls the changes in temperature",
"prevents the production of carbon dioxide"
] | B | null |
aquarat_25785 | aquarat | <ctx>
themselves on a specific random numbering of the drawers, provided that the director does not overhear this or does not bother to respond by replacing numbers in the boxes before the prisoners are let in. one prisoner may make one change in the case that one prisoner may enter the room first, inspect all boxes, a... | [
"A)49.5m",
"B)46 m",
"C)49 m",
"D)46.5m"
] | C | Let the required length be x metres
More men, More length built (Direct Proportion)
Less days, Less length built (Direct Proportion)
Men 20: 35
Days 6: 3 : : 56 : x
Therefore (20 x 6 x x)=(35 x 3 x 56)<=>x=(35 x 3 x 56)/120=49
Hence, the required length is 49 m.
Answer is C. |
mmlu_aux_3152 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
than the sun. however, the life of the stars which the planets orbit are so short that intelligent extraterrestrial life is not very likely. a and b type stars were surveyed for the research which involved nasa's spitzer space telescope, the two micron all - sky survey, and astronomers from the center for astroph... | [
"there is iron on the new planet",
"we could go to the new planet in winter",
"the star could block our view of the new planet",
"scientists are studying the weather on the new planet"
] | C | null |
qasc_3145 | qasc | <ctx>
11. 5 colloids coral reefs are home to about 25 % of all marine species. they are being threatened by climate change, oceanic acidification, and water pollution, all of which change the composition of the solution known as seawater. dissolved oxygen in seawater is critical for sea creatures, but as the oceans war... | [
"life",
"fish",
"H 2 O",
"humans"
] | B | |
aquarat_15043 | aquarat | <ctx>
, expressed in multiples of? 94 2 • problems & exercises access for free at openstax. org 33. an unwary football player collides with a padded goalpost while running at a velocity of 7. 50 m / s and comes to a full stop after compressing the padding and his body 0. 350 m. ( a ) what is his deceleration? ( b ) how... | [
"A)277 m",
"B)420 m",
"C)617 m",
"D)868 m"
] | B | Let the length of the stationary train Y be LY
Given that length of train X, LX = 300 m
Let the speed of Train X be V.
Since the train X crosses train Y and a pole in 60 seconds and 25 seconds respectively.
=> 300/V = 25 ---> ( 1 )
(300 + LY) / V = 60 ---> ( 2 )
From (1) V = 300/25 = 12 m/sec.
From (2) (300 + LY)/12 = ... |
aquarat_18506 | aquarat | <ctx>
to the same real number – and there are no other duplicate images. in the decimal system, for example, there is 0. = 1. = 1 ; in the balanced ternary system there is 0. = 1. =. a rational number has an indefinitely repeating sequence of finite length, if the reduced fraction's denominator contains a prime factor ... | [
"A)5",
"B)10",
"C)15",
"D)20"
] | D | Solution
Since each desired number is divisible by 5, so we must have 5 at the unit place. So, there is 1 way of doing it.
Tens place can be filled by any of the remaining 5 numbers.
So, there are 5 ways of filling the tens place.
The hundreds place can now be filled by any of the reaming 4 digits. so, there are 4 ways... |
medmcqa_8733 | medmcqa | <ctx>
, e ; eden, c ; hogg, t ; northcott, p ; mack, s ; neale, g ; wang, y ; coyle, b ; atkinson, j ; dewire, m ; kranenburg, ta ; gillespie, y ; allen, jc ; merchant, t ; boop, fa ; sanford, ra ; gajjar, a. “ nature ”, july 2010 adult ependymal tumors : prognosis and the m. d. anderson cancer center experience. armst... | [
"Myometrial invasion >1/2 thickness",
"Positive lymph nodes",
"Endocervical involvement",
"Tumor positive for estrogen receptors"
] | D | Pelvic postoperative radiotherapy (external) in a dose of 6000 cGy over a 6-week period is recommended in high-risk cases such as an undifferentiated tumor, myometrial infiltration, pelvic node involvement, and in serous, clear cell and adenosquamous carcinoma. The postoperative radiotherapy is required in Stages IA (G... |
qasc_4739 | qasc | <ctx>
##a bind to quinones, which carry electrons in the electron transport chain of photosynthesis. quinones are oxidized in the dark and reduced in the light, and the redox state affects kaia activity. when quinones are oxidized, kaia separates from kaic and binds to them, resetting the clock. therefore, quinones are... | [
"seeds",
"viruses",
"humans",
"plants"
] | D | |
medmcqa_2467 | medmcqa | <ctx>
diabetic nephropathy, also known as diabetic kidney disease, is the chronic loss of kidney function occurring in those with diabetes mellitus. diabetic nephropathy is the leading causes of chronic kidney disease ( ckd ) and end - stage renal disease ( esrd ) globally. the triad of protein leaking into the urine (... | [
"Good pasture syndrome",
"Lipoid nephrosis",
"PSGN",
"Lupus nephritis"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Lipoid nephrosis * Effacement (loss) of foot process of perietal epithelial cells (podocytes) is most commonly noted in minimal change disease (lipoid nephrosis).* However, it may be seen other causes of nephrotic syndrome like membronous GN, FSGS, IgA nephropathy (a type of mesangioproliferative GN),... |
medmcqa_3659 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##cleation, severing and end blocking. biochemistry. 1985 ; 24 : 3714 - 3723. 85. weitzman sa, weitberg ab, clark ep, stossel tp. phagocytes as carcinogens. science. 1985 ; 227 : 1231 - 1233. 86. weitzman sa, weitberg ab, niederman r, stossel tp. chronic treatment with hydrogen peroxide. is it safe? j periodontol... | [
"Joint pain",
"Intracranial bleed",
"Anaphylaxis",
"Hypotension"
] | A | Ref Harrison 19 th ed pg 1605 Allergic reactions to streptokinase occur in ~2% of patients who receive it. While a minor degree of hypotension occurs in 4-10% of patients given this agent, marked hypotension occurs, although rarely, in association with severe allergic reactions. |
mmlu_aux_7873 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
stable in a balanced or intermediate state. such a bistable circuit is the basis of one bit of electronic memory. the flip - flop uses a pair of amplifiers, transistors, or logic gates connected to each other so that positive feedback maintains the state of the circuit in one of two unbalanced stable states after... | [
"wires",
"coins",
"AAAs",
"hope"
] | C | null |
aquarat_29622 | aquarat | <ctx>
##0 = d. then γ an integer and γ = 1 γ ≤ 0 the value of is. to begin with, we shall simplify matters by concentrating a particular value of and generalise the result at a later stage. we shall use the value. the indicial equation has a root at, and we see from the recurrence relation that when that that denominat... | [
"A)2",
"B)625",
"C)8",
"D)16"
] | B | (x+y)^2 - (x-y)^2
(x+y+x-y)(x+y-x+y)
(2x)(2y)
4xy
4
5^4 = 625
Answer B |
medmcqa_9776 | medmcqa | <ctx>
of larger molecules and charged particles such as ions. cell membranes also contains membrane proteins, including integral membrane proteins that go across the membrane serving as membrane transporters, and peripheral proteins that loosely attach to the outer side of the cell membrane, acting as enzymes shaping t... | [
"Mitochondria",
"Rough endoplasmic reticulum",
"Golgi apparatus",
"Lysosomes"
] | D | Lysosomes are spherical vesicles enveloped by a single membrane.
Lysosomes are regarded as the digestive tract of the cell, since they are actively involved in digestion of cellular substances-namely proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and nucleic acids.
Lysosomal enzymes are categorized as hydrolases.
The lysosomal enzy... |
openbookqa_1965 | openbookqa | <ctx>
1967, introduction to animal behavior : ethology's first century. prentice - hall. klopfer, p. h., 1969, territories and habitats : a study of the use of space by animals. basic books. klopfer, p. h., 1970, editor, behavioral ecology, dickenson publ. klopfer, p. h. and j. p. hailman, eds., 1972, volume 1 - functi... | [
"air",
"space",
"metal",
"killdeer"
] | D | |
openbookqa_226 | openbookqa | <ctx>
land position " ( 250, 000 net acres ) in a shale gas play in michigan's middle ordovician collingwood shale. encana focused activities in cheboygan, kalkaska, and missaukee counties in michigan's northern lower peninsula. natural gas is produced from both utica and collingwood shale ( called utica collingwood ).... | [
"glaciers tore out lakes",
"there are lots of swimmers",
"glaciers are in lakes",
"lakes are filled with eels"
] | A | |
openbookqa_74 | openbookqa | <ctx>
of their position. irregular shaped particles present a larger surface and hence a higher probability to bind to the molecules to be studied. the coating of the microbeads may also contain ligands able to attach the molecules of interest. for example, the coating may contain streptavidin which couples strongly to... | [
"Wooden hairbrush",
"Oranges",
"Glassware",
"Zippers"
] | D | |
aquarat_28843 | aquarat | <ctx>
mr. jones has two children. the older child is a girl. what is the probability that both children are girls? under the aforementioned assumptions, in this problem, a random family is selected. in this sample space, there are four equally probable events : only two of these possible events meet the criteria specif... | [
"A)44/91",
"B)77/832",
"C)11/77",
"D)308/1411"
] | A | Total possible selections = 4 out of 15 group members = 15C4
Favorable selections = 1 out of 4 women and 3 out of 11 (= 6 men + 5 children) = 4C1 * 11C3
Thus the required probability = 4C1*11C3 / 15C4 = 44/91. Thus A is the correct answer. |
medmcqa_1407 | medmcqa | <ctx>
response ( fbr ) in order to protect the host from the foreign material. the interactions between the device upon the host tissue / blood as well as the host tissue / blood upon the device must be understood in order to prevent complications and device failure. tissue injury caused by device implantation causes i... | [
"Fibrinous inflammation",
"Granulomatous inflammation",
"Purulent inflammation",
"Serous inflammation"
] | D | Serous inflammation is the mildest form of acute inflammation. A blister is a good example of serous inflammation. It is associated primarily with exudation of fluid into the sub-corneal or subepidermal space. Because the injury is mild, the fluid is relatively protein-poor. A protein-rich exudate results in fibrin acc... |
mmlu_aux_4753 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
theoretical production ecology tries to quantitatively study the growth of crops. the plant is treated as a kind of biological factory, which processes light, carbon dioxide, water, and nutrients into harvestable parts. main parameters kept into consideration are temperature, sunlight, standing crop biomass, plan... | [
"What's photosynthesis?",
"How and why leaves change colors?",
"Different kinds of leaves.",
"How the seasons change."
] | B | null |
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