id string | dataset string | question string | options list | answer string | explanation string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
arc_challenge_568 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
were active in oncology with neurology and rare diseases being the other two big applications. pharmacogenomics ( a combination of pharmacology and genomics ) is the technology that analyses how genetic makeup affects an individual's response to drugs. researchers in the field investigate the influence of genetic... | [
"technology being used to help heal people.",
"medical procedures being used to hurt people.",
"expensive medicines being used for many purposes.",
"the solution to one problem causing another problem."
] | D | |
aquarat_2534 | aquarat | <ctx>
##35637355132068513997507264512000000000 = 10068347520 this works out to 10, 068, 347, 520, which is much bigger than the ~ 14 million stated above. perm ( 49, 6 ) = 10068347520 and 49 npr 6 = 10068347520. however, the order of the 6 numbers is not significant for the payout. that is, if a ticket has the numbers ... | [
"A)1/2",
"B)1/2",
"C)8/15",
"D)9 by 20"
] | D | Explanation :
Here, S = {1, 2, 3, 4, ...., 19, 20}.
Let E = event of getting a multiple of 3 or 5 = {3, 6 , 9, 12, 15, 18, 5, 10, 20}.
P(E) = n(E)/n(S) = 9/20
Answer : D |
qasc_1721 | qasc | <ctx>
either elements or other compounds, or both. mercury ( ii ) oxide, an orange, crystalline solid, can be broken down by heat into the elements mercury and oxygen ( figure 1. 9 ). when heated in the absence of air, the compound sucrose is broken down into the element carbon and the compound water. ( the initial sta... | [
"Blood",
"bacteria",
"Enzymes",
"Saliva"
] | C | |
medmcqa_4691 | medmcqa | <ctx>
ovocyte and embryo quality. in order to optimise pregnancy rates, there is significant evidence that a morphological scoring system is the best strategy for the selection of embryos. since 2009 where the first time - lapse microscopy system for ivf was approved for clinical use, morphokinetic scoring systems has ... | [
"1 year",
"5 years",
"3 years",
"6 months"
] | A | The US Food and Drug Administration (USFDA)-approved effective life is only 1 year. The contraceptive effectiveness of the progestase is similar to that of Cu IUDs; it reduces menstrual loss but has to be replaced every year. |
medmcqa_949 | medmcqa | <ctx>
. this initial research resulted in numerous studies being done on the antibacterial activity of various glycylcyclines, with extra focus being put on n, n - dimethylglycyl - amino derivatives, due to their reported potency. the aforementioned research culminated in a 1999 paper describing the discovery of a comp... | [
"Inhibition of mycolic acid",
"Inhibition of topoisomerase IV",
"Inhibition of DNA gyrase",
"Inhibition of helicase"
] | C | MECHANISM OF FLUOROQUINOLONES (FQ) In gram negative bacteria, FQ inhibit DNA gyrase by binding to its A subunit and interfere with cutting and resealing function. In gram positive bacteria, FQ inhibit similar enzyme DNA topoisomerase IV. |
aquarat_44576 | aquarat | <ctx>
multiple of every positive integer under ( and including ) 10. terrorism : 2, 996 persons ( including 19 terrorists ) died in the terrorist attacks of september 11, 2001. biology : the dna of the simplest viruses has 3, 000 base pairs. military history : 4, 200 ( republic ) or 5, 200 ( empire ) was the standard s... | [
"A)900",
"B)648",
"C)720",
"D)252"
] | B | We know that numbers between 100 and 1000 will be 3 digit integers.
Let the arrangement be ABC where A,B,C represent distinct digits.
We have 9 options for A (as 0 can not start a 3 digit number), 9 options again for B and 8 for C, giving a total of 9*9*8 = 648 options.
ANSWER B |
mmlu_aux_2007 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
- polluting, non - toxic farming, a challenge to business as usual which is damaging the earth's biosphere. also it fell into the contentious divide between analytic ( reductionist ) and integrative ( holistic ) science though the project employed both to create the world's first mini biosphere. these allegations... | [
"Texas.",
"University of Miami.",
"Arizona desert.",
"The space."
] | C | null |
openbookqa_3209 | openbookqa | <ctx>
, and byproducts resulting from sugar beets and sugarcane processing. roughages : grass pastures, or plant parts like hay, silage, root crops, straw, and stover. diets given to different species are all not the same. for example, livestock animals are fed on a diet that consists mainly of roughages, while poultry... | [
"boost its temperature",
"raise its kids",
"heat its ice",
"lower its temperature"
] | A | |
aquarat_11146 | aquarat | <ctx>
yields c, 5 yields d and 6, 7 or 8 yield e. thus we have a monkey at a typewriter hitting five keys with various probabilities ( 37, 56, 70, 56, 37 over 256 ). there are 55 possible 5 - letter words, and from a string of 256000 ( overlapping ) 5 - letter words, counts are made on the frequencies for each word. th... | [
"A)3",
"B)5",
"C)8",
"D)15"
] | B | time*rate=job --> time*5=25 --> time=25/5=5.
Answer: B. |
openbookqa_368 | openbookqa | <ctx>
, encouraging shoppers to buy soon - to - be - remaindered foods. they can make their purchase online, then go by the store to pick up their food. initially focusing on restaurants and bakeries, the too good to go app enables customers to buy discounted surprise bags of food. too good to go was first used in denm... | [
"only meat products and byproducts",
"exclusively grains and fruits",
"a full assortment of food groups including meat, grains, and vegetables",
"sea life and only green vegetables"
] | C | |
openbookqa_1630 | openbookqa | <ctx>
, if you oiled the concrete you would find it to be easier to get the crate started and keep it going ( as you might expect ). figure 5. 2 is a crude pictorial representation of how friction occurs at the interface between two objects. close - up inspection of these surfaces shows them to be rough. so when you pu... | [
"rivers",
"rainfall",
"photosynthesis",
"sunlight"
] | A | |
mmlu_aux_3108 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
of other objects in the sky, though varying thicknesses of cloud cover have differing effects. a very thin cirrus cloud in front of the moon might produce a rainbow - colored ring around the moon. stars and planets are too small or dim to take on this effect and are instead only dimmed ( often to the point of inv... | [
"All the things you can see give off light.",
"Light from the book is much shorter than that from the moon.",
"The moment you open your eyes the light from the book travels to your eyes.",
"Light travels so fast that there is no time for you to read."
] | C | null |
medmcqa_5382 | medmcqa | <ctx>
' s sense self, incorporating object permanence as well, the child also begins to understand that they can in fact be separated from their primary caregiver. they see this separation as something final though, and don't yet understand that their caregiver will return causing fear and distress for the infant. it i... | [
"Free floating anxiety",
"Worry about tril issues",
"Inability to relax",
"Anxiety about specific situations"
] | D | GAD is characterized by free floating anxiety and negative apprehension about day today tril life events. Anxiety about specific situations are more likely to be seen in phobia. Reference: Kaplon and sadock, 11 th edition, synopsis of psychiatry, 11 th edition, pg no. 407 |
aquarat_723 | aquarat | <ctx>
. it is entirely analogous to the correspondence between rational numbers and strings of binary digits that have an eventually - repeating tail, which is also provided by the question mark function. such repeating sequences correspond to periodic orbits of the dyadic transformation ( for the binary digits ) and t... | [
"A)0.01",
"B)0.1",
"C)0.2",
"D)0.7"
] | D | (5!-4!)/(5!+4!)
4! (5-1)/4! (5+1)
4/6 = 2/3 =0.7 (approximately)
D is the answer |
medmcqa_841 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##ovorans strain kf46ft from this original culture. this strain is a non - mucoid version of kf46f which has been preserved for over 25 years by freezing. in the lab, the strain was able to grow on nutrient - rich media, but failed to completely degrade orange ii under such conditions. fatty acid extraction was a... | [
"Acanthamoeba",
"Nocardia",
"Pseudomonas",
"Herpes"
] | C | Pseudomonas Ulcer Rapid onset & Greenish ulcer base Produce biofilm that cause resistance MC cause of infection in contact lens users Nocardia ulcer resembles fungal ulcer in its characteristics. |
medmcqa_8145 | medmcqa | <ctx>
resistance to current antimalarials. epidemiology p. knowlesi is the most common cause of malaria in malaysia, and cases of p. knowlesi malaria have been reported in most countries of southeast asia as well as travelers from the region. infection with p. knowlesi is associated with socioeconomic and lifestyle fac... | [
"Protozoa",
"Mosquito",
"Bacteria",
"Virus"
] | A | Malarial parasite infecting human belongs to genus plasmodium. P.vivax, P.falciparum,P.malariae,p.ovale.They are protozoa causing malaria in man.In India P.vivax and P. Falciparum are very common.(refer pgno:54 baveja 3 rd edition) |
aquarat_49441 | aquarat | <ctx>
signed integer and p ( 6542 ) = 65521 for unsigned sixteen - bit integers. that would suffice to test primality for numbers up to 655372 = 4, 295, 098, 369. preparing such a table ( usually via the sieve of eratosthenes ) would only be worthwhile if many numbers were to be tested. if instead a variant is used wit... | [
"A)3",
"B)14",
"C)30",
"D)42"
] | D | Let's try the Prime Box Approach
Prime Box is simply a collection of all prime factors of a given number!
(1) Prime Box of 16 = |2, 2, 2, 2|
(2) Prime Box of 45 = |3, 3, 5|
(3) Prime Box of n = |2, 2, 3....|
(4) Prime Box of 210 = |2, 5, 3, 7|
From 3 and 4:
The GCF of n and 210 must be a multiple of 6.
So we can elimin... |
aquarat_9120 | aquarat | <ctx>
< 9. 99 : order = 50 if 9. 99 < = price < 19. 99 : order = 30 if price > = 19. 99 : order = 10 a. if price < 9. 99 : order = 50 else : order = 30 order = 10 b. if price < 9. 99 : order = 50 elif price < 19. 99 : order = 30 elif price = = 19. 99 : order = 10 c. if price < 9. 99 : order = 50
women β s boutique app... | [
"A)10.15",
"B)11.5",
"C)15.0",
"D)21.5"
] | B | C.P. is 120/12=10
Desired profit=15%
The calculation for markup is (C.P.*desired profit/100)=10*15/100=1.5
The calculation for final sale price=C.P.+markup=10+1.5=11.5
ANSWER:B |
aquarat_14607 | aquarat | <ctx>
that motivates bank runs. see also mathematical tools asymptotic analysis backward stochastic differential equation calculus copulas, including gaussian differential equations expected value ergodic theory feynman β kac formula fourier transform girsanov theorem ito's lemma martingale representation theorem mathe... | [
"A)22.5%",
"B)42.5%",
"C)12.5%",
"D)62.5%"
] | C | By investing Rs 128, income derived = Rs. 16
By investing Rs. 100, income derived = = Rs.12.5
Interest obtained = 12.5%
Answer: C |
mmlu_aux_1634 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
26. 3 color and color vision learning objectives by the end of this section, you will be able to : β’ explain the simple theory of color vision. β’ outline the coloring properties of light sources. β’ describe the retinex theory of color vision. the gift of vision is made richer by the existence of color. objects an... | [
"colors have order in weight",
"colors can change the weight of an object",
"people would stay longer in a room with red windows",
"colors can affect our mood and health"
] | D | null |
aquarat_28883 | aquarat | <ctx>
2 table 5. 1 using the range ( ) function. example 5. 2 two programs printing all integer multiples of 5 less than 50 ( notice the compactness of the for construction compared to the while ) # for loop condition using # range ( ) function to print # all multiples of 5 less than 50 for i in range ( 0, 50, 5 ) : pr... | [
"A)5",
"B)6",
"C)7",
"D)11"
] | C | Answer = C =7
If least = -3, then largest = 8
Range = 8 - 1 = 7 |
aquarat_30479 | aquarat | <ctx>
the age of 18 at the end of the year. united kingdom england and wales in england and wales, " year 13 " ( or " upper sixth " ) is the last year of a - level certifications which are completed to finalize a student's last academic year. students are usually 16 β 17 in year 12 and 17 β 18 in year 13. while the sch... | [
"A)30",
"B)32",
"C)40",
"D)50"
] | B | Explanation :
(A + B), five years ago = (15 * 2) = 30 years.
(A+B), now = (30+5*2)years=40 years.
(A + B + C), now = (20 x 3) years =60 years.
C, now = (60 - 40) years = 20 years.
C, after 12 years = (20 + 12) years =32 years.
Answer : B |
medmcqa_3961 | medmcqa | <ctx>
be unusually far from other observations. naive interpretation of statistics derived from data sets that include outliers may be misleading. for example, if one is calculating the average temperature of 10 objects in a room, and nine of them are between 20 and 25 degrees celsius, but an oven is at 175 Β°c, the med... | [
"Z score",
"Standard error (S.E)",
"Standard detion (S.D)",
"Co-efficient of Variation"
] | A | A z-score is the number of standard detions from the mean. The coefficient of variation (CV) is a measure of relative variability. It is the ratio of the standard detion to the mean. Ref : Park 23rd edition Pgno : 849 |
aquarat_6808 | aquarat | <ctx>
48 not just 25 because the square of the next prime is 49, and below n = 25 just 2 and 3 are sufficient. should the square root of n be an integer, then it is a factor and n is a perfect square. an example of the trial division algorithm, using successive integers as trial factors, is as follows ( in python ) : d... | [
"A) β400",
"B) β140",
"C) β8",
"D) 4"
] | C | (1 β 1.25)N = 2
Simplify to get: -0.25N = 2
Rewrite as (-1/4)N = 2
Multiply both sides by -4 to get: N = -8
Answer: C |
medmcqa_6974 | medmcqa | <ctx>
starting a few days post - injury, peaking after seven days post - injury, and decreasing afterwards. in asthma periostin is associated with asthma, a fact that is exploited by the experimental asthma medication lebrikizumab. in cancer periostin over - expression was reported in several types of cancer, most freq... | [
"Dry tap (hypocellular)",
"Megaloblastic cells",
"Microcytic cells",
"Thrombocytosis"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Dry tap (hypocellular) Myelofibrosiso The hallmark of primary myelofibrosis is rapid development of obliterative marrow fibrosis,o Myelofibrosis suppresses bone marrow hematopoiesis, leading to peripheral blood cytopenias.o This results in extensive extramedullary hematopoiesis in the spleen, liver an... |
mmlu_aux_4904 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
they are testing a gray water recycling system, using a three - stage process to reclaim water from sinks and showers. this, along with other water - saving features, have reduced this building's potable water demand by 85 - 90 % of a similarly - sized office building. design the orientation and the lunar - shape... | [
"The recycled water is much better than that from a city tap.",
"The high-tech machine will recycle all the water used on the station.",
"At present, each ISS astronaut uses more water than the people living on the earth.",
"The high-tech machine can only recycle urine to make water at present"
] | A | null |
mmlu_aux_3728 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
in her tent sleeping and eating pizza, and does not care she will be alone for awhile, but sprite advises her to stay in her sleeping bag in case the full moon entices grubs to act unnatural. six hours later, slumberson awakes to plopping sounds and the tent roof sinking. she wraps herself in her bag and evacuate... | [
"Ways to kill cane toads in Australia.",
"Cane toads have evolved a lot in Australia.",
"Australian cane toads hit the road.",
"Worse environment forces toads to travel."
] | C | null |
openbookqa_2957 | openbookqa | <ctx>
would it be easier if monochromatic light were used?
27. 7 thin film interference 70. a soap bubble is 100 nm thick and illuminated by white light incident perpendicular to its surface. what wavelength and color of visible light is most constructively reflected, assuming the same index of refraction as water? 71... | [
"a cardboard box",
"a bottle",
"a gem",
"a diamond"
] | A | |
mmlu_aux_5162 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
keeping crickets as pets emerged in china in early antiquity. initially, crickets were kept for their " songs " ( stridulation ). in the early 12th century the chinese people began holding cricket fights. throughout the imperial era the chinese also kept pet cicadas and grasshoppers, but crickets were the favorit... | [
"It is not hard to care for most lizards.",
"All lizards are dangerous to children.",
"Lizards are better than dogs or cats.",
"Pet 1izards need walks and baths."
] | A | null |
medmcqa_9327 | medmcqa | <ctx>
diagnosis of lung cancer, computed tomography with special three - dimensional cad systems are established and considered as appropriate second opinions. at this a volumetric dataset with up to 3, 000 single images is prepared and analyzed. round lesions ( lung cancer, metastases and benign changes ) from 1 mm ar... | [
"More common in female",
"Smoking is not associated with",
"Central cavitations",
"Upper lobe involvement is most common"
] | A | Ref:Textbook of pathology (Harsh mohan) 6th edition,page no.500 Adenocarcinoma: Adenocarcinoma, also called peripheral carcinoma due to its location and scar carcinoma due to its association with areas of chronic scarring,is the most common bronchogenic carcinoma in women and isslow-growing. Recent estimates on adenoca... |
mmlu_aux_4801 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
mems ) and could conceivably survey an environment or detect explosives and gas. similarly, darpa is developing a neural implant to remotely control the movement of sharks. the shark's unique senses would then be exploited to provide data feedback in relation to enemy ship movement or underwater explosives. in 20... | [
"by removing their wings",
"by sending signals from the remote control",
"by using very small cameras",
"by removing their antennae"
] | B | null |
openbookqa_1602 | openbookqa | <ctx>
diurnal variations, but the modifying effect of the sea restricts the range to less than that in most other parts of the united kingdom. january is the coldest month, with mean minimum temperatures between 1 Β°c ( 34 Β°f ) and 2 Β°c ( 36 Β°f ). july and august are the warmest, with mean daily maxima around 21 Β°c ( 70... | [
"a comet is flying close by",
"mercury is visible in the sky",
"the hemisphere of that region is tilted towards from the sun",
"the hemisphere of that region is tilted away from the sun"
] | C | |
aquarat_22750 | aquarat | <ctx>
all the digits have been used, write " 00 " ) and write them to the right of the remainder from the previous step ( on the first step, there will be no remainder ). in other words, multiply the remainder by 100 and add the two digits. this will be the current value c. find p, y and x, as follows : let p be the pa... | [
"A)35",
"B)56",
"C)142",
"D)87"
] | C | (C)
The pattern is +4, +8, +16, +32, +64
So the missing term is = 142 |
medmcqa_4777 | medmcqa | <ctx>
anchimeric assistance for the first step, making the activation energy to the first transition state much higher. additionally, if there is a high concentration of reactive electrophiles in the reaction mixture, formation of a newly substituted norbornane derivative may preclude non - classical ion formation. an ... | [
"Clostridium tetani",
"Clostridium welchii",
"Mycobacterium tuberculosis",
"Mycobacterium leprae"
] | B | |
openbookqa_2056 | openbookqa | <ctx>
##l, m., callaaghan, t. v., 2000. the arctic : environment, people, policy. harwood academic, uk. stirling, i., lunn, n. j., iacozza, j., 1999. long - term trends in the population ecology of polar bears in western hudson bay in relation to climate change. the arctic institute of north america. v. 52 no. 3, p. 29... | [
"if it is focused",
"if it is determined",
"if it is working",
"if it has excess chub"
] | D | |
aquarat_7841 | aquarat | <ctx>
in mathematics an even integer, that is, a number that is divisible by 2, is called evenly even or doubly even if it is a multiple of 4, and oddly even or singly even if it is not. the former names are traditional ones, derived from ancient greek mathematics ; the latter have become common in recent decades. thes... | [
"A)160",
"B)80",
"C)200",
"D)220"
] | B | Answer
Let the number be N.
Then, (N/5) + 2 = (N/4) - 2
Γ’β‘β (N/4) - (N/5) = 4
Γ’β‘β (5N - 4N)/20 = 4
Γ’ΛΒ΄ N = 80
Option: B |
aquarat_7741 | aquarat | <ctx>
1. 91 s 51. ( a ) 94. 0 m ( b ) 3. 13 s 53. ( a ) - 70. 0 m / s ( downward ) ( b ) 6. 10 s 55. ( a ) ( b ) 57. ( a ) 305 m ( b ) 262 m, - 29. 2 m / s ( c ) 8. 91 s 59. ( a ) ( b ) 61. 63. 65. ( a ) 6 m / s ( b ) 12 m / s ( c ) ( d ) 10 s 67. ( a ) car a is traveling faster at the checkpoint because it must go pas... | [
"A)1.5",
"B)1.3",
"C)1.25",
"D)1.6"
] | C | d = rt
M: r = 50mph, t = t + 1/4hr
d = 50 (t + 1/4)
P: r = 60, t = t
d = 60t
since they went the same distance:
50t + 50/4 = 60t
10t = 50/4
t = 1.25 or 1 hr, 15min
C |
mmlu_aux_3819 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
smoking was clearly correlated with lung cancer, some, such as fisher and yerushalmy, believed that the two variables were confounded and argued against the hypothesis that cigarettes caused the cancer. the authors then explain how causal reasoning ( as developed in the rest of the book ) can be used to argue tha... | [
"one without which it is impossible for the effect to occur",
"one of the causes that can produce the effect",
"one that is enough to make the effect occur",
"none of them"
] | A | null |
arc_easy_1521 | arc_easy | <ctx>
of skin and the formation of wrinkles. because there is so little uv - b and uv - c reaching the earth β s surface, sunburn is caused by large exposures, and skin cancer from repeated exposure. some studies indicate a link between overexposure to the sun when young and melanoma later in life. the tanning response... | [
"dust.",
"ozone.",
"land masses.",
"water vapor."
] | B | |
mmlu_aux_2817 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
resources which are naturally replenished as fast as they are being used. examples are sunlight, wind, biomass, rain, tides, waves and geothermal heat. renewable energy may replace conventional fuels in four distinct markets, namely electricity generation, hot water / space heating, motor fuels, and rural ( off -... | [
"A research plan.",
"A science magazine",
"A book review.",
"A business report."
] | B | null |
aquarat_22237 | aquarat | <ctx>
12. 5 the onset of turbulence 51. verify that the flow of oil is laminar ( barely ) for an oil gusher that shoots crude oil 25. 0 m into the air through a pipe with a 0. 100 - m diameter. the vertical pipe is 50 m long. take the density of the oil to be and its viscosity to be ( or ). 52. show that the reynolds n... | [
"A)188",
"B)100",
"C)177",
"D)268"
] | B | Work done by the third pipe in 1 min = 1/50 - (1/60 + 1/75) = - 1/100.
[-ve sign means emptying]
The third pipe alone can empty the cistern in 100 min.
AnswerB |
aquarat_26795 | aquarat | <ctx>
yields c, 5 yields d and 6, 7 or 8 yield e. thus we have a monkey at a typewriter hitting five keys with various probabilities ( 37, 56, 70, 56, 37 over 256 ). there are 55 possible 5 - letter words, and from a string of 256000 ( overlapping ) 5 - letter words, counts are made on the frequencies for each word. th... | [
"A)18",
"B)17",
"C)16",
"D)15"
] | B | 5 * 2 = 10
5 * 20 = 100
Total multiples = (20-2) + 1 = 19
Exclude 10 and 100 = 19-2 = 17
Answer is B |
medmcqa_408 | medmcqa | <ctx>
blood to flow through the rest of the body.
and the most common symptom reported by women of all races is shortness of breath. other symptoms more commonly reported by women than men are extreme fatigue, sleep disturbances, indigestion, and anxiety. however, some women do experience irregular heartbeat, dizzines... | [
"Erythropoitin",
"Cyclosporine",
"NSAID",
"Levodopa"
] | D | Ans. is d i.e., Levodopa Drug causing hypeension Cocaine MAO inhibitors Oral contraceptives Clonidine withdrawl Tricyclic antidepressants Cyclosporine Glucocoicoids Rofecoxib (NSAID) Erythropoietin Valdecoxib (NSAID) Sympathomimetics |
aquarat_32177 | aquarat | <ctx>
the reduction, refund and delay of tax of coal power and heating enterprises was 27. 1 billion yuan, benefiting about 4, 800 coal power and heating enterprises. the tax payment for small, medium and micro enterprises in the manufacturing industry was delayed and this fee exceeds 210 billion yuan. in 2021, the mac... | [
"A)70",
"B)69",
"C)71",
"D)66"
] | A | Initial tax/revenue ratio = 28/5000 = 84/15000
Revised charge/transaction ratio = 2.5/1500 = 25/15000
Answer: A |
pubmedqa_341 | pubmedqa | <ctx>
the granger causality test is a statistical hypothesis test for determining whether one time series is useful in forecasting another, first proposed in 1969. ordinarily, regressions reflect " mere " correlations, but clive granger argued that causality in economics could be tested for by measuring the ability to ... | [
"yes",
"no",
"maybe"
] | B | |
medmcqa_3793 | medmcqa | <ctx>
and amniotic membrane. the presence of a pregnancy test that is still positive, as well as an empty uterus upon transvaginal ultrasonography, does, however, fulfil the definition of pregnancy of unknown location. therefore, there may be a need for follow - up pregnancy tests to ensure that there is no remaining p... | [
"Gestation sac",
"Fetal node",
"FSH",
"Fetal skeleton"
] | A | Ans. is a i.e. Gestational sac "The first definitive sonographic finding to suggest pregnancy is visualization of the gestational sac." First sign of intrauterine pregnancy is presence of yolk sac within the gestational sac.deg Extra Edge The position of a normal gestational sac is in the mid to upper uterus. As the sa... |
medmcqa_9384 | medmcqa | <ctx>
of circular and elliptical modeling in 80 asymptomatic patients research regarding primary non surgical treatment : review of surgical outcomes regarding biomechanics, biomechanical effects on neurologic function. treatment : non - surgical surgical biological engineering biomechanics
anterior cingulate cortex (... | [
"Concussion",
"Cerebral edema",
"Hypoxic injury",
"Intracerebral hematoma"
] | A | Ans. Concussion |
qasc_7049 | qasc | <ctx>
interactions yuryev a, wennogle lp. cell res 1998 ; 2 : 81 - 98 ( review ) mapping the substrate preferences of protein tyrosine phosphatase ptp - 1b using combinatorial chemistry approaches pellegrini mc, liang h, mandiyan s, wang k, yuryev a, vlattas i, sytwu t, li y - c, wennogle lp. biochemistry 1998 ; 8 : 15... | [
"permineralization",
"oxidation reaction",
"It helps them survive",
"Translation of mRNA"
] | D | |
aquarat_43428 | aquarat | <ctx>
sum of the digits of 6721 is 16. hint : there are 10 base cases, which can be checked easily with the right condition. access multimedia content ( https : / / openstax. org / books / introduction - python - programming / pages / 12 - 2 - simple - math - recursion )
then 4, and so on, ending with - 5, using count... | [
"A)11",
"B)12",
"C)13",
"D)14"
] | B | 13524
14253
24153
24135
25314
31425
31524
+ 6 more numbers replicas of above numbers (total 12)
ANSWER:B |
medmcqa_5023 | medmcqa | <ctx>
thus necessary for a proper sense of smell. as a neural circuit, the glomerular layer receives direct input from afferent nerves, made up of the axons from approximately ten million olfactory receptor neurons in the olfactory mucosa, a region of the nasal cavity. the ends of the axons cluster in spherical structu... | [
"Bladder",
"Brain",
"Chemoreceptors",
"Kidney"
] | C | The glomus cells (type I) are specialized glandular-like cells, mainly located in the carotid bodies and aoic bodies, that control the respiratory activity.The glomus cells have a high metabolic rate and good blood perfusion and synapses directly or indirectly with nerve endings. Thus are sensitive to changes in aerial... |
qasc_2368 | qasc | <ctx>
of monoculture. crop rotation and long - term crop rotations confer the replenishment of nitrogen through the use of green manure in sequence with cereals and other crops, and can improve soil structure and fertility by alternating deep - rooted and shallow - rooted plants. other methods to combat lost soil nutri... | [
"Frogs",
"farms",
"mussels",
"bacteria"
] | D | |
medmcqa_7329 | medmcqa | <ctx>
defect ( s ) or multiple congenital anomalies ( cleft lip / palate, heart defects, spina bifida ) intellectual disability of unknown cause, learning disabilities, or autism sensory impairments ( vision, hearing ) metabolic disorders ( pku, galactosemia, inborn errors of metabolism ) known / suspected genetic diso... | [
"CT brain",
"Serum prolactin",
"Biopsy",
"Mr angiography"
] | B | This is likely to be a case of pituitary adenoma. The most common pituitary adenoma causing the symptoms is prolactinoma. |
openbookqa_955 | openbookqa | <ctx>
##res. salicylic acid ( sa ) and its derivatives, like methyl salicylate, are vocs which help plants to recognize infection or attack and to organize other plant defenses, and exposure to them in animals can cause pathological processes. terpenoids are produced constituently in many plants or are produced as a re... | [
"lazy tourists",
"leaf miners",
"pollinators",
"caterpillars"
] | C | |
mmlu_aux_8116 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
the presence of the full moon can brighten up the sky with scattered light, hindering observation of faint objects. for observation purposes, the optimal location for an optical telescope is undoubtedly in outer space. there the telescope can make observations without being affected by the atmosphere. however, at... | [
"nothing",
"telescope",
"Plain old sunglasses",
"a box"
] | D | null |
arc_challenge_32 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
other organisms. domesticating wild plant and animal species for human benefit has occurred many times all over the planet, and has a major impact on the environment, both positive and negative. wildlife can be found in all ecosystems. deserts, rain forests, plains, and other areas β including the most developed ... | [
"hunting",
"habitat destruction",
"restoration ecology",
"introduced nonnative species"
] | C | |
mmlu_aux_3906 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
that will be described in the next section of this module. the solid - vapor curve, labeled ab in figure 10. 31, indicates the temperatures and pressures at which ice and water vapor are in equilibrium. these temperature - pressure data pairs correspond to the sublimation, or deposition, points for water. if we c... | [
"To learn about climate.",
"To learn about the Alps.",
"To trap air bubbles.",
"To reduce carbon dioxide."
] | A | null |
aquarat_5483 | aquarat | <ctx>
β 0 ) which is proved at the end of this section. the validity of this assertion is largely due to a very rapid rate of increase of the oscillation amplitudes during every era and especially in transition from one era to the next one. the process of the relaxation of the cosmological model to the " stationary " s... | [
"A)0.06048",
"B)1.22",
"C)0.1",
"D)0.16"
] | A | Asking 6 of them continue ,
it has 1 case.
3 6 professors continue
=0.4*0.5*0.6*0.7*0.8*0.9 =0.06048
A |
aquarat_38500 | aquarat | <ctx>
of event 2 is, as person 2 may have any birthday other than the birthday of person 1. similarly, the probability of event 3 given that event 2 occurred is, as person 3 may have any of the birthdays not already taken by persons 1 and 2. this continues until finally the probability of event 23 given that all preced... | [
"A)14",
"B)15",
"C)16",
"D)17"
] | C | Christopher age = x
George age, y = x + 8---------->(1)
Ford age, z = x - 2------------>(2)
Sum of their ages, x+y+z=60---->(3)
Substitute z and y values in equation (3)
Therefore, x+(x+8)+(x-2)=60
=> 3x+8-2=60
=> 3x=60-6
=> 3x=54 =>x=54/3
x=18(Christopher's age)
Substitute x value in equation 1 & 2
y=x+8
y=18+8
y=26(G... |
medmcqa_6127 | medmcqa | <ctx>
to buffering by the pia mater, arachnoid mater, and dura mater that once surrounded and protected the brain tissue. furthermore, not all endocasts are created from a complete cranial fossil and subsequently, the missing parts are approximated based on similar fossils. in some cases, fragments from several fossils... | [
"APL",
"EPL",
"EPB",
"ECU"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., ECU Anatomical Snuffbox Triangular depression on the dorsal and radial aspect of the hand become visible when thumb is fully extended. Boundaries Medial/Posterior - Tendon of the extensor pollicis longus. Lateral/Anterior - Tendon of the extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus. Roof Skin... |
mmlu_aux_1635 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
##carticles database. ortmann, a. & hertwig, r. ( 1998 ). " the question remains : is deception acceptable? " american psychologist, 53 ( 7 ), 806 β 807. retrieved february 22, 2008, from the psycinfo database. shaughnessy, j. j., zechmeister, e. b., & zechmeister, j. s. ( 2006 ). research methods in psychology (... | [
"getting closer to its young",
"driving away the adult predator",
"leaving its young in another nest",
"pretending to be injured"
] | D | null |
medmcqa_7328 | medmcqa | <ctx>
s cousin, who had an interest in the decedent's estate as a residuary legatee, challenged, among other things, the nephew's authority to make donations of stock to himself and his siblings, on behalf of decedent prior to her death. the cousin claimed that the nephew needed the decedent's written authority to make... | [
"Median nerve",
"Musculo-cutaneous nerve",
"Radial nerve",
"Ulnar nerve"
] | A | Answer: (a) Median nerve.MEDIAN NERVE INJURY* When the median nerve is severed in the elbow region, flexion of the proximal interphalangeal joints of the lst-3rd digits is lost and flexion of the 4th and 5th digits is weakened.* Flexion of the distal interphalangeal joints of the 2nd and 3rd digits is also lost.* Flexi... |
mmlu_aux_3292 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
##aila, u. r., and others ( 2011 ). high value and long life β double jeopardy for tunas and billfishes. science, 333, 291 β 292. books and book contributions edited sumaila, u. r. ( 2013 ). game theory and fisheries : essays on the tragedy of free for all fishing. routledge, london, uk, p. 178. noone, k. j., sum... | [
"that whales and dolphins may make mistakes as well as human beings",
"how scientists have found the reasons for the mass beaching of whales",
"how human beings make use of the ocean resources",
"why the mass beaching of whales happens"
] | D | null |
qasc_7327 | qasc | <ctx>
to behavioral deficiencies of released animals because many times captive animals lack natural parental care or other environmental influences during critical learning periods. animals need to learn a variety of behaviors that may be difficult to replicate in captive settings, including how to forage or catch pre... | [
"negative",
"stress",
"dog",
"knife"
] | B | |
medmcqa_8720 | medmcqa | <ctx>
re - entry ventricular arrhythmia is a type of paroxysmal tachycardia occurring in the ventricle where the cause of the arrhythmia is due to the electric signal not completing the normal circuit, but rather an alternative circuit looping back upon itself. there develops a self - perpetuating rapid and abnormal ac... | [
"Foramen magnum",
"Subarachnoid space",
"Interveebral foramen",
"Foramen transversarium"
] | C | Veebral aery is the first and largest branch of the first pa of the subclan aery, destined chiefly to supply the brain PAS OF VEEBRAL AERY: FIRST PA-The first pa extends from the origin of the aery to the transverse process of sixth cervical veebrae SECOND PA-The second pa runs through foramina transversaria of the upp... |
qasc_7842 | qasc | <ctx>
crashes each day in the united states. psychological following collisions, long - lasting psychological trauma may occur. these issues may make those who have been in a crash afraid to drive again. in some cases, psychological trauma may affect individuals'lives, causing difficulty going to work, attending school... | [
"dark matter",
"Quality of life",
"global warming",
"salty cashews"
] | C | |
pubmedqa_86 | pubmedqa | <ctx>
aspects of genetic architecture, genetic variability, and population genetics whereas his main disease focus has been inflammatory bowel diseases, including crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. other research foci have been the diseases psoriasis and primary sclerosing cholangitis. genome wide association stud... | [
"yes",
"no",
"maybe"
] | C | |
medmcqa_1099 | medmcqa | <ctx>
dizziness headaches cold hands and feet pale skin dark urine jaundice chest pain pain in the back or legs vomiting or diarrhea heart problems such as an irregular heartbeat ( arrhythmia ), a heart murmur, an enlarged heart, or heart failure. these may occur because the heart has to work harder to make sure the bo... | [
"Respiratory failure",
"Cardiac failure",
"Renal failure",
"Septicemia"
] | B | Cardiac failure is the most common cause of death in primary or AL amyloidosis. Cardiac involvement is seen in 40% of patients with AL amyloidosis. Amyloid involvement of myocardium, intramural coronary aeries and conduction system may cause congestive hea failure, ischemic syndrome and rythm disturbances. Diagnosis of... |
aquarat_35876 | aquarat | <ctx>
per hour. one can ask whether the vehicles are getting closer or further apart and at what rate at the moment when the north bound vehicle is 3 miles north of the intersection and the west bound vehicle is 4 miles east of the intersection. big idea : use chain rule to compute rate of change of distance between tw... | [
"A)2 : 30 PM",
"B)11 : 30 AM",
"C)1 : 30 PM",
"D)12 : 30 PM"
] | D | Let after t hours they meet then,
3t + 4t = 17.5 β t = 25
β΄ Time = 10 am + 2.5 h = 12 : 30 am
Answer D |
aquarat_2197 | aquarat | <ctx>
area is the measure of a region's size on a surface. the area of a plane region or plane area refers to the area of a shape or planar lamina, while surface area refers to the area of an open surface or the boundary of a three - dimensional object. area can be understood as the amount of material with a given thic... | [
"A)868 sq.cm",
"B)600 sq.cm",
"C)700 sq.cm",
"D)900 sq.cm"
] | C | Explanation:
Surface area = [2 (12 x 14 + 14 x 7 + 12 x 7)] cm2 = (2 x 350)cm2 = 700 cm2.
Answer: C |
mmlu_aux_2560 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
14. 7 β’ radiation 607 energy transfer is less than the equation for the radiative heat transfer would predict because the sun does not fill the sky. the average emissivity ( ) of the earth is about 0. 65, but the calculation of this value is complicated by the fact that the highly reflective cloud coverage varies... | [
"the hot sunlight",
"chemicals around the Earth",
"the plastic bag",
"human activities"
] | B | null |
aquarat_32259 | aquarat | <ctx>
to the high selling price enter the market and / or buyers leave, achieving equilibrium between buyers and sellers. when sellers outnumber buyers, the price falls. eventually buyers enter and / or sellers leave, again achieving equilibrium. thus, the value of a share of a company at any given moment is determined... | [
"A)25%",
"B)23 1/13%",
"C)16 7/3%",
"D)16 6/3%"
] | B | Let the price of the article be Rs. 100.
30% of 100 = 30.
New price
= 100 + 30 = Rs. 130
Required percentage
= (130 - 100)/130 * 100
= 30/130 * 100
= 23 1/13%
Answer:B |
mmlu_aux_5340 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
scientific revolutions : the perspective of an historian of science,'in s vosniadou, a baltas & x vamvakoussi ( eds ), reframing the conceptual change approach in learning and instruction, elsevier, amsterdam, pp. 25 β 34, holderness a & berry m 1979, advanced level inorganic chemistry, 3rd ed., heinemann educati... | [
"red cabbage",
"litmus paper",
"any plant",
"any flower"
] | B | null |
mmlu_aux_4717 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
##ctic information. journal of experimental psychology, general, 122, 184 - 194. herman, l. m., hovancik, j. r., gory, j. d., bradshaw, g. l. ( 1989 ). generalization of visual matching by a bottlenosed dolphin ( tursiops truncatus ) : evidence for invariance of cognitive performance with visual or auditory mater... | [
"An Interesting Experiment",
"Mother Dolphin and Baby",
"Animal Talk",
"Further Research"
] | C | null |
mmlu_aux_7695 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
pollination is the transfer of pollen from an anther of a plant to the stigma of a plant, later enabling fertilisation and the production of seeds, most often by an animal or by wind. pollinating agents can be animals such as insects, birds, and bats ; water ; wind ; and even plants themselves, when self - pollin... | [
"beads",
"assistance",
"shopping",
"patients"
] | B | null |
medmcqa_8586 | medmcqa | <ctx>
a ductile shear zone within which this outcrop resides. the spherical conglomerate pebbles stretched along the direction of movement of this shear zone, attaining their current somewhat flattened cigar - shaped form. the pebbles thus record important information on the orientation of the shear zone ( subvertical ... | [
"Osteomalacia",
"Paget's disease",
"Renal osteodystrophy",
"All of the above"
] | D | Condition where milkman's fracture may be seen *Rickets/osteomalacia *Renal osteodystrophy *Paget's disease *Fibrous dysplasia *Hereditary hyperphosphatasia *Idiopathic Looser&;s Zone ( Milkman&;s Pseudofractures ) Pathognomonic * Looser zones are radiolucent lines that are often penetrating through the coex perpendicu... |
arc_challenge_110 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
bi3 + ions. the formation of these 1 +, 2 +, and 3 + cations is ascribed to the inert pair effect, which reflects the relatively low energy of the valence s - electron pair for atoms of the heavy elements of groups 13, 14, and 15. mercury ( group 12 ) also exhibits an unexpected behavior : it forms a diatomic ion... | [
"loss of electrons.",
"loss of protons.",
"gain of electrons.",
"gain of protons."
] | A | |
medmcqa_5835 | medmcqa | <ctx>
additionally, animal experiments have shown that epigenetic changes can depend on mother - infant interactions after birth. furthermore, a recent study investigating the correlations between maternal stress in pregnancy and methylation in teenagers / their mothers has found that children of women who were abused ... | [
"Thyroid hormone",
"1,25 DHCC",
"Coisol",
"All of these"
] | D | Several hormones, including adrenal and gonadal steroid hormones, thyroid hormones, retinoid hormones, and vitamin D, bind with protein receptors inside the cell rather than in the cell membrane. Because these hormones are lipid soluble, they readily cross the cell membrane and interact with receptors in the cytoplasm ... |
aquarat_19897 | aquarat | <ctx>
of marbles with both colors on them ( that is, the number of marbles that have been drawn twice ) has the hypergeometric distribution. the symmetry in and stems from the fact that the two rounds are independent, and one could have started by drawing balls and colouring them red first. note that we are interested ... | [
"A)1/10",
"B)1/5",
"C)3/10",
"D)2/5"
] | B | Given: 3R and 3 G marbles
Required: Probability that 2 marbles removed without replacement are both red
Initially we have to pick one red from a total of 3 red and 3 green marbles
After one red has been picked, we need to pick 1 red from a total of 2 red and 3 green marbles.
P(Both red) = (3/6)*(2/5) = 1/5
Option B |
medmcqa_4476 | medmcqa | <ctx>
tensor fasciae latae, the knee may be brought medially across the body ( adducted ). if one leans against a wall with crossed legs ( externally / laterally rotated hips ) and pushes the pelvis away from the wall ( leaning the upper body towards it ) sidebending the lumbar spine ( i. e. : curving the spine to the ... | [
"Has 2 heads",
"Supplied by Median nerve",
"Causes Adduction of thumb",
"Arterial supply is from Arteria priceps pollicis"
] | B | Ans: B (Supplied by Median nerve) Ref : Gray s Anatomy, 39th edition, 2008.Page.918Explanation:Adductor pollicis:Has 2 heads, i) Obi ique head ii) Transverse headOblique head: Origin from capitate, bases of 2nd, & 3rd metacarpal bonesTransverse head: Origin from palmar surface of 3rd metacarpal honeInsertion: Two heads... |
qasc_3498 | qasc | <ctx>
a bug " as a core development philosophy. many performance tests have shown railo to perform faster than other cfml engines. in addition to this, railo attempts to resolve many inconsistencies found in traditional cfml. these are either forced changes in behaviour, or configurable options in the railo administrat... | [
"scattered light",
"pheromones",
"heat produced",
"sound"
] | B | |
aquarat_21585 | aquarat | <ctx>
of event 2 is, as person 2 may have any birthday other than the birthday of person 1. similarly, the probability of event 3 given that event 2 occurred is, as person 3 may have any of the birthdays not already taken by persons 1 and 2. this continues until finally the probability of event 23 given that all preced... | [
"A)52 years",
"B)48 years",
"C)56 years",
"D)Data inadequate"
] | D | PβQ = 5β7
or, Q = 7β5P
Case I : Q β (P + 6) = 2
or, Q = P + 8
β΄ 7β5P = P + 8
or, 7P = 5P + 40
β΄ P = 40β2 = 20 and Q = 7β5 Γ 20 = 28
P + Q = 20 + 28 = 48
Case II : (P + 6) β Q = 2
or, P + 6 β 7β5P = 2
or, P = β10 and Q = 14
β΄ P + Q = 10 + 14 = 24 years
Answer D |
aquarat_38179 | aquarat | <ctx>
to be composed of sixteen women's organisations and nine individual activists. these include : action for development association of uganda women medical doctors association of uganda women lawyers centre for domestic violence prevention community development resource network department of women and gender studie... | [
"A)11660",
"B)11700",
"C)11760",
"D)11800"
] | C | Explanation:
We need to select 5 men from 8 men and 6 women from 10 women
Number of ways to do this
= 8C5 Γ 10C6
= 8C3 Γ 10C4 [β΅ nCr = nC(n-r)]
=
(
8
Γ
7
Γ
6
3
Γ
2
Γ
1
)
(
10
Γ
9
Γ
8
Γ
7
4
Γ
3
Γ
2
Γ
1
)
=
56
Γ
210
=11760
Option C |
qasc_3245 | qasc | <ctx>
the evolution of photosynthesis refers to the origin and subsequent evolution of photosynthesis, the process by which light energy is used to assemble sugars from carbon dioxide and a hydrogen and electron source such as water. the process of photosynthesis was discovered by jan ingenhousz, a dutch - born british... | [
"Most plants",
"Primary producers",
"engines",
"circulatory systems"
] | B | |
qasc_7174 | qasc | <ctx>
to visual and rheotactic sensory cues. use of behavioral characteristics such as these can help reduce tremendous waste that often occurs during industrial fishing and help manage for sustainable fisheries. the state of a declining species can sometimes be reversed by augmenting reproduction through behavior. by ... | [
"a doorbell",
"firm hugs",
"Complex rituals",
"Riding a bike"
] | C | |
openbookqa_3016 | openbookqa | <ctx>
consumer markets. plants manufacturing items with longer shelf life, such as butter, milk powders, cheese and whey powders, tend to be situated in rural areas closer to the milk supply. most large processing plants tend to specialise in a limited range of products. exceptionally, however, large plants producing a... | [
"all raw milk is safe",
"to keep bacteria from getting into the milk after the customer buys it",
"the factory farmed cows produce a lot of pus in their milk",
"that makes it taste better"
] | B | |
arc_challenge_814 | arc_challenge | <ctx>
. use in astronomy the light - second is a convenient unit for measuring distances in the inner solar system, since it corresponds very closely to the radiometric data used to determine them. ( the match is not exact for an earth - based observer because of a very small correction for the effects of relativity. )... | [
"from galaxy to galaxy",
"from Saturn to Mercury",
"from the Sun to Proxima Centauri",
"from the Big Dipper to the Little Dipper"
] | B | |
medmcqa_3861 | medmcqa | <ctx>
, y ) yields g ( x, y, r ) when using random string r, then g ( x, y, r ) = f ( x, y ) for at least 2 / 3 of all choices for the string r. the randomized complexity is simply defined as the number of bits exchanged in such a protocol. note that it is also possible to define a randomized protocol with one - sided ... | [
"Unequal and known chances",
"Equal and known chances",
"Unequal and unknown chances",
"Equal and unknown chances"
] | B | |
aquarat_3616 | aquarat | <ctx>
the age of 18 at the end of the year. united kingdom england and wales in england and wales, " year 13 " ( or " upper sixth " ) is the last year of a - level certifications which are completed to finalize a student's last academic year. students are usually 16 β 17 in year 12 and 17 β 18 in year 13. while the sch... | [
"A)9 years",
"B)11 years",
"C)14 years",
"D)7 years"
] | D | Solution
Age of the 15th student =[15x15-(14x3+16x11)]
= (225 - 218)
= 7 years.
Answer D |
qasc_5714 | qasc | <ctx>
an electric fence is a barrier that uses electric shocks to deter people and / or other animals from crossing a boundary. the voltage of the shock may have effects ranging from discomfort to death. most electric fences are used for agricultural fencing and other forms of non - human animal control, although they ... | [
"Plant growth is reduced",
"it allows electricity to flow",
"DNA damage and mutations",
"depress neuronal excitability"
] | B | |
mmlu_aux_1978 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
robert hooke frs ( ; 18 july 16353 march 1703 ) was an english polymath active as a scientist, natural philosopher and architect, who is credited to be one of the first two scientists to discover microorganisms in 1665 using a compound microscope that he built himself, the other scientist being antonie van leeuwe... | [
"its use",
"its shape",
"Hooke's favourites",
"Hooke's experiences"
] | B | null |
mmlu_aux_2807 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
effect : that the normal and deuterated versions of a compound should smell different due to unique vibration frequencies, despite having the same shape. a 2001 study by haffenden et al. showed humans able to distinguish benzaldehyde from its deuterated version. however, experimental tests published in nature neu... | [
"Female flies are insensitive to CO2.",
"Smells could affect humans' lifespan.",
"The sense of smell is vital to humans' health.",
"Female fmit flies can live longer than male flies."
] | B | null |
aquarat_42660 | aquarat | <ctx>
price and purchased for price, is the number of units stocked, and is the expectation operator. the solution to the optimal stocking quantity of the newsvendor which maximizes expected profit is : where denotes the generalized inverse cumulative distribution function of. intuitively, this ratio, referred to as th... | [
"A)12.5%",
"B)11%",
"C)13%",
"D)15%"
] | A | 2400 ---- 300
100 ---- ? => 12.5%
Answer:A |
medmcqa_6170 | medmcqa | <ctx>
anti - gbm develops florid glomerulonephritis. the bb β subunit is aberrant in sle t cells, controls il - 2 deprivation - induced cell death, and probably accounts for the prolonged survival of activated autoreactive t cells. furthermore, pp2a contributes to the production of il - 17. the concept of specific subu... | [
"Liver",
"Lungs",
"Nervous tissue",
"Skeletal system"
] | B | Lungs |
medmcqa_2432 | medmcqa | <ctx>
24. 3 the electromagnetic spectrum learning objectives by the end of this section, you will be able to : β’ list three β rules of thumb β that apply to the different frequencies along the electromagnetic spectrum. β’ explain why the higher the frequency, the shorter the wavelength of an electromagnetic wave. β’ draw... | [
"Rad",
"Rem",
"Quality factor exposure",
"Roentgen"
] | B | EQUIVALENT (RADIATION-WEIGHTED) DOSE:
The equivalent dose (HT) is used to compare the biologic effects of different types of radiation on a tissue or organ. Particulate types of radiation have a high LET and are more damaging to tissue than radiation with low LET, such as x rays. This relative biologic effectiveness of... |
medmcqa_3841 | medmcqa | <ctx>
types of actions. the ventral sector of the basal ganglia ( containing the ventral striatum and ventral tegmental area ) operates at the highest level of the hierarchy, selecting actions at the whole - organism level. the dorsal sectors ( containing the dorsal striatum and substantia nigra ) operate at lower leve... | [
"Gross motor",
"Skilled movements",
"Emotions",
"Maintenance of equilibrium"
] | B | The clear and best known function of basal ganglia is planning and programming of motor functions. Mainly- Complex actions such as writing alphabetsΒ and skilled movements such as using scissors to cut. |
qasc_7976 | qasc | <ctx>
tracking in hunting and ecology is the science and art of observing animal tracks and other signs, with the goal of gaining understanding of the landscape and the animal being tracked ( the " quarry " ). a further goal of tracking is the deeper understanding of the systems and patterns that make up the environmen... | [
"messengers",
"feeding",
"hiding",
"hearing"
] | D | |
medmcqa_5133 | medmcqa | <ctx>
de quebec, quebec city, qc iwk health centre, halifax, ns women's health program, eastern health, st. john's, nl saint john regional hospital, saint john, nb hopital sainte - justine, montreal, qc st. boniface general hospital, winnipeg, mb windsor regional hospital, windsor, on dr. everett chalmers regional hosp... | [
"Absence of fetal fibronectin at < 37 weeks",
"Previous history of preterm baby",
"Asymptomatic cervical dilatation",
"Chylamydial infection of genital tract"
] | A | Absence of fetal fibronectin at < 37 weeks |
openbookqa_2698 | openbookqa | <ctx>
who would like to work more hours β also known as the " underemployed " and the potential additional labour force, who eurostat defines as : those available to work but not seeking a job β a subset of which are known as " discouraged workers " those who are seeking work but who are not immediately available to st... | [
"Autumn changes to Winter",
"spring changes to summer",
"tree leaves start falling",
"the first snow starts falling"
] | B | |
medmcqa_6021 | medmcqa | <ctx>
##ing and timing. hypo and hyperglycemia levels which are significantly above or below this range are problematic and can in some cases be dangerous. a level of < 3. 8 mmol / l ( < 70 mg / dl ) is usually described as a hypoglycemic attack ( low blood sugar ). most diabetics know when they are going to " go hypo ... | [
"Increased sorbitol in the lens",
"Decreased fructose in the lens",
"Increased oxidative phosphorylation in the lens",
"Macular degeneration"
] | A | Fluctuating levels of sugars and sugar alcohols in the lens can cause fluctuating visual acuity. With high blood glucose, there would be increased levels of sorbitol in the lens. The lens does not contain mitochondria and cannot use the TCA cycle/electron transport chain to generate energy. Galactitol causes the same p... |
mmlu_aux_8333 | mmlu_auxiliary | <ctx>
the sky. a saturnian opposition occurs every year β approximately every 378 days β and results in the planet appearing at its brightest. both the earth and saturn orbit the sun on eccentric orbits, which means their distances from the sun vary over time, and therefore so do their distances from each other, hence ... | [
"rocket fuel",
"Sega",
"a central star",
"Saturnalia"
] | C | null |
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