Split (1)

train · 35.5k rows

id string	dataset string	question string	options list	answer string	explanation string
arc_easy_1560	arc_easy	<ctx> 1. 2 • phases and classification of matter 15 figure 1. 8 ( a ) the mass of beer precursor materials is the same as the mass of beer produced : sugar has become alcohol and carbon dioxide. ( b ) the mass of the lead, lead oxide, and sulfuric acid consumed by the production of electricity is exactly equal to the m...	[ "an element.", "a compound.", "a mixture.", "a molecule." ]	A
medmcqa_7567	medmcqa	<ctx> noninvasive glucose monitoring ( nigm ) is the measurement of blood glucose levels, required by people with diabetes to prevent both chronic and acute complications from the disease, without drawing blood, puncturing the skin, or causing pain or trauma. the search for a successful technique began about 1975 and h...	[ ">100", ">126", ">110", ">116" ]	B	Criteria for the diagnosis of Diabetes mellitus : * Symptoms of diabetes plus random blood glucose concentration >= 11.1 mmol/L (200 mg/dL) or * Fasting plasma glucose >= 7.0 mm/L (126 mg/dL) or * Glycosylated haemoglobin >= 6.5% or * 2-hr plasma glucose >= 11.1 mmol/L (200 mg/dL) during an oral glucose tolerance test....
medmcqa_3830	medmcqa	<ctx> dizziness headaches cold hands and feet pale skin dark urine jaundice chest pain pain in the back or legs vomiting or diarrhea heart problems such as an irregular heartbeat ( arrhythmia ), a heart murmur, an enlarged heart, or heart failure. these may occur because the heart has to work harder to make sure the bo...	[ "Basal crepitations", "JVP", "Pedal oedema", "Liver enlargement" ]	D	Congestive hea failure (CHF) is unusual in childhood. When it does present, it is usually as a manifestation of congenital hea disease and is seen in the first year of life. The classic triad of symptoms for pediatric CHF is tachypnea, tachycardia, and hepatomegaly. There may also be a history of poor feeding, sweating...
mmlu_aux_6816	mmlu_auxiliary	<ctx> his plans for the future colonisation of mars. astronomers report the detection of a third gravitational wave, named gw170104, thereby further supporting the theory of general relativity presented in 1916 by albert einstein. nasa reports that the curiosity rover provided evidence of an ancient lake in gale crater...	[ "in the south pacific", "upper portion of earth", "lower portion of earth", "the equator near the tropics" ]	B	null
medmcqa_2815	medmcqa	<ctx> a healthy diet, regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight and not smoking. sometimes medication for diabetes, high cholesterol, or high blood pressure are also used. there is limited evidence for screening people who are at low risk and do not have symptoms. treatment involves the same measures as prevention...	[ "Phobic disorders", "Anxiety", "Schizophrenia", "Mania" ]	B	Ans. is 'b' Anxiety Antianxiety Drugs areBenzodiazepinesB BlockersBuspironeMeprobamate & Hydroxyzine
arc_easy_717	arc_easy	<ctx> shade trees and creation of wind breaks permeable paving materials to reduce stormwater run - off and allow rain water to infiltrate into the ground and replenish groundwater rather than run into surface water use of sustainably harvested wood, composite wood products for decking and other garden uses, as well as...	[ "Leaves help the plant make food.", "Leaves help the plant absorb water.", "Leaves help the plant stand upright.", "Leaves help the plant make seeds." ]	A
medmcqa_1127	medmcqa	<ctx> ##tributable to heredity. the remaining theoretical 20 %, however, still leaves room for significant change in thoughts and behavior from environmental / learned sources that should not be understated, and the interpretation of variance in twin studies is controversial, even among clinical psychologists. individu...	[ "Propanolol", "Oral contraceptives", "Reserpine", "Flupenthixol" ]	D	Answer is option4, flupenthisol. The antidepressive and anxiolytic efficacy of flupenthixol has been investigated in numerous controlled and open trials involving patients with endogenous, reactive as well as senile depressions. When administered at a mean daily single or multiple dose of 1-2 mg, flupenthixol proved to...
aquarat_49730	aquarat	<ctx> 20. 50 < 9. 99 : order = 50 if 9. 99 < = price < 19. 99 : order = 30 if price > = 19. 99 : order = 10 a. if price < 9. 99 : order = 50 else : order = 30 order = 10 b. if price < 9. 99 : order = 50 elif price < 19. 99 : order = 30 elif price = = 19. 99 : order = 10 c. if price < 9. 99 : order = 50 is like random...	[ "A)25%", "B)28%", "C)29%", "D)50%" ]	D	cp=112=12 sp=1.215=18 gain=sp-cp=6 gain%=(6/12)*100=50% ANSWER:D
aquarat_38319	aquarat	<ctx> natural thus requiring less effort ( reading a text however can reach 700 words per minute ). virtual assistants save a lot of time by automation : they can take appointments, or read the news while the consumer does something else. it is also possible to ask the virtual assistant to schedule meetings, hence help...	[ "A)20%", "B)80%", "C)100%", "D)180%" ]	D	We can use fractional equivalents here to solve the problem 80% = 4/5; this means that in 1st case if she prepares 5 bears, in 2nd case she prepares 9 bears 10% = 1/10; this means that in 1st case if she needs 10 hours, in 2nd case she needs 9 hours Now we come to productivity Based on above fractional values the produ...
aquarat_44198	aquarat	<ctx> ##7 6063244163040088180887087028771717321932252992567756075264441680858665410918 431223215368025334985424358839 rsa - 420 rsa - 420 has 420 decimal digits ( 1, 393 bits ), and has not been factored so far. rsa - 420 = 2091366302476510731652556423163330737009653626605245054798522959941292730258 1898373570076188752...	[ "A)55 km/hr.", "B)25 km/hr.", "C)65 km/hr.", "D)35 km/hr." ]	D	D 35 km/hr. Time taken = 1 hr 40 min 48 sec = 1 hr 40 4/5 min. = 126/75 hrs. Let the actual speed be x km/hr. Then, (5/7)x X 126/75 = 42 --> x = 35 km/hr.
medmcqa_9499	medmcqa	<ctx> hla - a is a group of human leukocyte antigens ( hla ) that are encoded by the hla - a locus, which is located at human chromosome 6p21. 3. hla is a major histocompatibility complex ( mhc ) antigen specific to humans. hla - a is one of three major types of human mhc class i transmembrane proteins. the others are ...	[ "Neoantigen", "Sequestrated antigen", "Altered antigen", "Cross reacting antigen" ]	B	ANSWER: (B) Sequestrated antigenREF: Ananthanarayan & Paniker 7th ed page 171, Textbook Of Medical Physiology ByKhurana 2009 ed page 207Hidden antigen or sequestrated antigen:Certain self antigens are present in the close system and never exposed to the immune system during fetal life. These are known as hidden antigen...
openbookqa_3001	openbookqa	<ctx> terrestrial animals are animals that live predominantly or entirely on land ( e. g. cats, chickens, ants, spiders ), as compared with aquatic animals, which live predominantly or entirely in the water ( e. g. fish, lobsters, octopuses ), and amphibians, which rely on aquatic and terrestrial habitats ( e. g. frogs...	[ "an eagle", "a cat", "a vole", "a dog" ]	C
medmcqa_9678	medmcqa	<ctx> at least in human smooth muscle. nonproliferating smooth muscle cells ( smc ) exhibit only low levels of pde1c expression but it is highly expressed in proliferating smcs. it can therefore be speculated that inhibition of pde1c could produce beneficial effects due to its putative inhibition of smc proliferation, ...	[ "Inhibits PDE 2", "Inhibits PDE 4", "Inhibits PDE 5", "Inhibits PDE 3" ]	C	Ans. is 'c' i.e., Inhibits PDE 5 * Sildenafil (Viagra) acts to increase cGMP by inhibiting its breakdown by phosphodiesterase isoform 5 (PDE-5).
openbookqa_2068	openbookqa	<ctx> osteoblasts ( from the greek combining forms for " bone ", οστεο -, osteo - and βλαστανω, blastano " germinate " ) are cells with a single nucleus that synthesize bone. however, in the process of bone formation, osteoblasts function in groups of connected cells. individual cells cannot make bone. a group of organ...	[ "thrilled", "muscular", "kind", "spineless" ]	D
arc_easy_158	arc_easy	<ctx> 21. 1 nuclear structure and stability an atomic nucleus consists of protons and neutrons, collectively called nucleons. although protons repel each other, the nucleus is held tightly together by a short - range, but very strong, force called the strong nuclear force. a nucleus has less mass than the total mass of...	[ "neutrons only", "protons and neutrons", "protons and electrons", "neutrons and electrons" ]	B
medmcqa_245	medmcqa	<ctx> personal or family history of bipolar disorder. a significant number of ppp cases, however, occur in individuals with no prior history of psychosis. ( for this reason, first - time pregnancy is itself sometimes considered to be a risk factor for ppp. ) a review of pregnancy - related complications demonstrated so...	[ "Pituitary adenoma", "Adrenal hyperplasia", "Adrenocoical carcinoma", "McCune Albright Syndrome" ]	A	ACTH dependent Cushing syndrome is caused by : ACTH producing pituitary adenoma Ectopic ACTH Bronchial or pancreatic carcinoid Small cell cancer of lung Medullary carcinoma of thyroids Pheochromocytoma ACTH Independent Cushing syndrome is caused by : Adrenocoical adenoma/ carcinoma Primary pigmented nodular adrenal dis...
mmlu_aux_2985	mmlu_auxiliary	<ctx> within - colony tasks as they become older, such as receiving nectar and pollen from foragers, and guarding the hive. later still, a worker takes her first orientation flights and finally leaves the hive and typically spends the remainder of her life as a forager. worker bees cooperate to find food and use a patt...	[ "They are good at dancing", "they want to show their beauty", "they communicate with each other", "they have nothing to do" ]	C	null
arc_easy_2054	arc_easy	<ctx> in real time at times of peak demand, when relatively dirty power plants would otherwise need to be turned on. standby power used by consumer electronics and appliances while they are turned off accounts for an estimated 5 to 10 % of household electricity consumption, adding an estimated $ 3 billion to annual ene...	[ "constructing a small hydroelectric plant", "placing solar panels on the roof of the house", "using gasoline generators", "burning coal or wood" ]	B
qasc_3208	qasc	<ctx> 1. 5 • measurement uncertainty, accuracy, and precision 33 counted does not change while the counting process is underway. the result of such a counting measurement is an example of an exact number. by counting the eggs in a carton, one can determine exactly how many eggs the carton contains. the numbers of defin...	[ "A Greek letter", "encoded information", "a granulated cylinder", "a tape measure" ]	D
medmcqa_4225	medmcqa	<ctx> a cardiac arrhythmia or alternating mris or mammograms every six months if a patient is found to be at increased risk for breast cancer. predictive medicine is intended for both healthy individuals ( " predictive health " ) and for those with diseases ( " predictive medicine " ), its purpose being to predict susc...	[ "MRI", "USG", "Mammography", "Clinical examination" ]	A	– To differentiate scar from recurrence. – To image breasts of women with implants. – To evaluate the management of axilla and recurrent disease. It is useful in screening females with the high-risk group. T1 and T2 weighted images are taken. Irregular mass with speculations, changes in skin and nipple, lymphoedema ar...
qasc_7245	qasc	<ctx> herpetology ( from greek ερπετον herpeton, meaning " reptile " or " creeping animal " ) is the branch of zoology concerned with the study of amphibians ( including frogs, toads, salamanders, newts, and caecilians ( gymnophiona ) ) and reptiles ( including snakes, lizards, amphisbaenids, turtles, terrapins, tortoi...	[ "important habitats", "Veins and arteries.", "running and lifting", "hooded vultures" ]	D
aquarat_37284	aquarat	<ctx> numerator and denominator of the above expression separately. for this, let. first, exploiting the fact that does not depend upon any event in. expanding the denominator by using bayes'theorem and then using the inductive assumption, we get the inductive assumption can be applied here since each event is conditio...	[ "A)11/10", "B)6/55", "C)31/10", "D)3/55" ]	B	P(all the same color) = P(1st flower is ANY colorAND2nd flower is same as firstAND3rd flower is also the same color) = P(1st flower is ANY color)xP(2nd flower is same as 1st)ANDP(3rd flower is the same color) = 1x4/11x3/10 = 6/55 Answer: B
medmcqa_5847	medmcqa	<ctx> fully understood ; however, after administration the anti - d coated red blood cell complexes saturate fcγ receptors sites on macrophages, resulting in preferential destruction of red blood cells ( rbcs ), therefore sparing antibody - coated platelets. anti - d is recommended as a first - line therapy for itp, al...	[ "50 mgm", "150 mgm", "300 mgm", "450 mgm" ]	C	Ans. (c) 300 mgmRef : D. C Dutta 8th ed.l 387, 721
qasc_7789	qasc	<ctx> wormbase is an online biological database about the biology and genome of the nematode model organism caenorhabditis elegans and contains information about other related nematodes. wormbase is used by the c. elegans research community both as an information resource and as a place to publish and distribute their ...	[ "dangerous", "parasitic", "horses", "meiosis" ]	B
qasc_3684	qasc	<ctx> growth. there are several maternal factors, which include age, nutritional status, alcohol use, smoking, and medical conditions. insufficient uteroplacental perfusion is an example of a placental factor. chromosomal abnormalities and genetic diseases are examples of fetal factors. complications for the infant inc...	[ "Cancer.", "bushes", "Roundworms", "bamboo" ]	A
medmcqa_8148	medmcqa	<ctx> , the epidermal and endothelial basement membrane also contains laminin, perlecan and nidogen. hyaluronic acid, a pure glycosaminoglycan component, is found in high amounts in damaged or growing tissues. it stimulates cytokine production by macrophages and thus promotes angiogenesis. in normal skin chondroitin su...	[ "Onchocerca volvulus", "Loa loa", "Brugia malayi", "Wuchereria bancrofti" ]	B	Calabar Swelling: Localized angioedema and erythema usually on the extremities, characterized by fugitive, swollen lumps of subcutaneous tissue caused by a parasitic filarial worm (Loa loa) endemic to Central and West Africa. The swollen areas migrate with the worm through the body at a speed of about 1 cm per minute a...
arc_easy_2184	arc_easy	<ctx> that break down large food molecules before absorbing them through their cell membranes. many fungi are also saprobes, feeding on dead organic matter, making them important decomposers in ecological systems. animals are multicellular eukaryotes. with few exceptions, animals consume organic material, breathe oxyge...	[ "animals.", "rocks and water.", "living and nonliving things.", "populations of plants and animals." ]	C
medmcqa_5011	medmcqa	<ctx> ". regarding the decision to keep the onscreen text to a minimum, toone said that " too much reading can slow the game or kill it, like the adventures of willy beamish, " with the main artist rolf mohr adding that " hopefully, a picture will say a thousand words and make this system easy to use. " according to to...	[ "Severe epistaxis", "Rhinophyma", "CA Maxillary Sinus", "Multiple Antrochoanal polyps" ]	A	Ans. is'a' i.e., Severe epistaxisManagement of intractable spontaneous epistaxis.TESPAL - transnasal endoscopic sphenopalatine aery ligationIndication:Epistaxis not responding to conventional conservative management.Posterior epistaxis
arc_easy_2101	arc_easy	<ctx> ‘ who's there ’ in natural environments. the procedure involves ( a ) isolation of nucleic acids directly from a natural environment, ( b ) pcr amplification of small subunit rrna gene sequences, ( c ) sequencing the amplicons, and ( d ) comparison of the those sequences to a database of sequences from pure cultu...	[ "Nitrogen increases protein production in plants.", "Nitrogen decreases protein production in plants.", "Nitrogen decreases the effectiveness of photosynthesis.", "Nitrogen increases the effectiveness of photosynthesis." ]	A
qasc_6452	qasc	<ctx> theoretical production ecology tries to quantitatively study the growth of crops. the plant is treated as a kind of biological factory, which processes light, carbon dioxide, water, and nutrients into harvestable parts. main parameters kept into consideration are temperature, sunlight, standing crop biomass, plan...	[ "leaves", "sunlight", "solar energy", "sun" ]	A
arc_easy_1302	arc_easy	<ctx> in astronomy, a solar transit is a movement of any object passing between the sun and the earth. this includes the planets mercury and venus ( see transit of mercury and transit of venus ). a solar eclipse is also a solar transit of the moon, but technically only if it does not cover the entire disc of the sun ( ...	[ "full moon.", "new moon.", "first quarter moon.", "last quarter moon." ]	A
aquarat_8791	aquarat	<ctx> the light - second is a unit of length useful in astronomy, telecommunications and relativistic physics. it is defined as the distance that light travels in free space in one second, and is equal to exactly metres ( approximately or 186 282 miles ). just as the second forms the basis for other units of time, the ...	[ "A) 1,11 * 10^7", "B) 6,70 * 10^7", "C) 1,11 * 10^8", "D) 6,,70 * 10^9" ]	D	The easiest way to answer this question is by POE, it does not require any calculation (answered in 30seconds). In one hour there are 3600 seconds, therefore speed in miles/hour will be. (1.8610^6)3600 = (1.8610^6)(3.610^3) = some number10^9.. The key is realizing that thesome numberhas to be bigger thatn 1.86 (b...
medmcqa_6918	medmcqa	<ctx> for example, the indiana numbering plan area 317 was divided to provide a larger numbering pool in the indiana suburbs of chicago ( area code 219 ). initially, states divided into multiple numbering plan areas were assigned area codes with the digit 1 in the second position, while areas that comprised entire stat...	[ "4 & 6", "1, 2 & 3", "5 & 7", "16 & 18" ]	A	4 & 6 {Description: Bradman's areas of Cerebral cortex)
qasc_124	qasc	<ctx> 13. 6 • humidity, evaporation, and boiling 563 figure 13. 30 dew drops like these, on a banana leaf photographed just after sunrise, form when the air temperature drops to or below the dew point. at the dew point, the rate at which water molecules join together is greater than the rate at which they separate, and...	[ "eating", "driving", "survival", "rain" ]	B
arc_easy_1156	arc_easy	<ctx> importance of these findings. patients need to be aware of the importance of brushing and flossing their teeth daily. new parents need to be educated to promote healthy habits in their children. sources of problems plaque dental plaque, also known as dental biofilm, is a sticky, yellow film consisting of a wide r...	[ "Brush for three minutes.", "Turn the water off before brushing.", "Rinse mouth with the running water.", "Use less toothpaste on the toothbrush." ]	B
arc_challenge_912	arc_challenge	<ctx> to be severely incapacitated upon return to a gravitational environment and thus unable to egress a spacecraft without assistance. orthostatic intolerance leading to syncope during post - flight stand test. on - orbit operations astronauts are trained in preparation for the conditions of launch as well as the har...	[ "the vacuum of space.", "intense sunlight.", "micrometeoroids.", "water loss." ]	B
mmlu_aux_2240	mmlu_auxiliary	<ctx> as student transport between the university's different campuses. it is powered by hydrogen fuel or solar cells, batteries and ultracapacitors. india in march 2020, energy swaraj — an essence of sustainability, a program conducted by all india council for technical education ( aicte ) was launched, led by indian ...	[ "providing safer driving conditions", "helping drivers communicate with each other while driving", "creating and carrying clean renewable electricity", "warning drivers of various speed control problems" ]	B	null
qasc_7901	qasc	<ctx> microbiology of decomposition is the study of all microorganisms involved in decomposition, the chemical and physical processes during which organic matter is broken down and reduced to its original elements. decomposition microbiology can be divided into two fields of interest, namely the decomposition of plant ...	[ "biome", "lipids", "acid", "O2" ]	C
medmcqa_9013	medmcqa	<ctx> of coronary ischemia is chest pain or pressure, known as angina pectoris. angina may present typically with classic symptoms or atypically with symptoms less often associated with heart disease. atypical presentations are more common women, diabetics, and elderly individuals. typical angina is typically located b...	[ "Busacca nodules", "Koeppe's nodules", "Lisch nodules", "Dalen Fuch's nodules" ]	A	The pathological reaction in granulomatous uveitis is characterised by infiltration with lymphocytes, plasma cells, with mobilization and proliferation of large mononuclear cells which eventually become epithelioid and giant cells and aggregate into nodules. Iris nodules are usually formed near pupillary border (Koeppe...
pubmedqa_96	pubmedqa	<ctx> children with chronic illnesses is higher than in children in the general population. in a study by helen h l wong and ronald g smith, they investigated patterns of cam therapy use in children diagnosed with asd ( n = 50 ) as compared to a control population of children with no asd ( n = 50 ). over half of the pa...	[ "yes", "no", "maybe" ]	A
openbookqa_1305	openbookqa	<ctx> the person opens the window for some other, legitimate, reason, and the cold air enters as a side effect, no violation has occurred. additionally, most agree that if a person who has no intention to operate the thermostat does something which happens to operate it, no violation has occurred. a few rabbinical auth...	[ "unprocessed gluten mix", "a thermal conductor", "a snowboard", "an energetic stream" ]	B
medmcqa_2404	medmcqa	<ctx> ##posure. however, the influence of inner - hair - cell dysfunction ( e. g., shallower response growth for mild - moderate damage and steeper growth for severe damage ) can confound the effects of outer - hair - cell dysfunction on overall response growth and thus envn coding. thus, not surprisingly the relative ...	[ "Palatal myoclonus", "Glomus tumor", "Carotid aery aneurysm", "Presbyacusis" ]	D	Ans. is 'd' i.e., Presbyacusis Tinnitus Tinnitus is ringing sound or noise in the ear. The characteristic feature is that the origin of this sound is within the patient.
qasc_7455	qasc	<ctx> ##oregulation to achieve this, the body alters three main things to achieve a constant, normal body temperature : heat transfer to the epidermis the rate of evaporation the rate of heat production the hypothalamus plays an important role in thermoregulation. it connects to thermal receptors in the dermis, and det...	[ "the sun", "h2o", "plants", "Bacteria" ]	C
mmlu_aux_4980	mmlu_auxiliary	<ctx> understand whether an animal should stay at a patch or move to a new one, think of a bear in a patch of berry bushes. the longer a bear stays at the patch of berry bushes the less berries there are for that bear to eat. the bear must decide how long to stay and thus when to leave that patch and move to a new patc...	[ "They want other animals to run away from them.", "They want other animals to follow them.", "They want other animals to see them.", "They want other animals to like them." ]	A	null
medmcqa_6832	medmcqa	<ctx> 1996 by the cdc. in these guidelines, the use of one of two prevention methods was recommended : either a risk - based approach or a culture - based screening approach. the cdc issued updated guidelines in 2002 ; these guidelines recommended the universal culture - based screening of all pregnant women at 35 – 37...	[ "Endometriosis", "Iron deficiency anaemia", "Dysmenorrhea", "Pelvic tuberculosis" ]	D	Ans. is d i.e. Pelvic tuberculosis
mmlu_aux_2949	mmlu_auxiliary	<ctx> ##er in his musurgia universalis ( 1650 ) but more careful use was attempted with enhancements in the twentieth century by the germans alwin voigt, cornel schmitt, and hans stadler. kay electric company, started by former bell labs engineers harry foster and elmo crump, made a device that was marketed as the " so...	[ "By comparing birds with human beings.", "By reporting experiment results.", "By describing birds' daily life.", "By telling a bird's story." ]	A	null
qasc_5843	qasc	<ctx> yields 235 positive tests, of which only 45 are genuine drug users, about 19 %. see figure 1 for an illustration using a frequency box, and note how small the pink area of true positives is compared to the blue area of false positives. sensitivity or specificity the importance of specificity can be seen by showin...	[ "alleles", "parents", "lungs", "health" ]	B
aquarat_17872	aquarat	<ctx> in mathematics, the remainder is the amount " left over " after performing some computation. in arithmetic, the remainder is the integer " left over " after dividing one integer by another to produce an integer quotient ( integer division ). in algebra of polynomials, the remainder is the polynomial " left over "...	[ "A)n+3", "B)n+2", "C)n-2", "D)n-1" ]	B	Correct Answer : B n is divided by 5 , the remainder is 3 n=5k+3 (k is integer) add 2 to both sides of the above equation n+2=5k+5 =5(k+1) n+2 divided by 5 yields a remainder to zero.
medmcqa_3178	medmcqa	<ctx> given by the statistician jorgen randers, who argues that traditional projections insufficiently take into account the downward impact of global urbanization on fertility. randers'" most likely scenario " reveals a peak in the world population in the early 2040s at about 8. 1 billion people, followed by decline. ...	[ "70-47 years", "35-47 years", "35-28 years", "28-23 years" ]	B	When crude death rate is substracted from crude bih rate , the net residual is current annual grow rate , exclusive of migration. When the annual growth rate of a population is 1.5% to 2.0%, it takes 35-47 years to double the size of population. Reference : Park&;s textbook of preventive and social medicine, 23rd editi...
aquarat_44014	aquarat	<ctx> that a decisive result is guaranteed. since white's first - move advantage is nowhere near enough to counter that, white is compensated with extra time, usually 5 minutes to 4 minutes when there is no increment. ( if there is no increment, then difficult questions arise when players must try to flag in trivial dr...	[ "A)63.83", "B)111.67", "C)111.64", "D)111.11" ]	A	A runs 1000 m while B runs 940 m and C runs 880 m. The number of meters that C runs when B runs 1000 m, = (1000 * 880)/940=936.17 m. B can give C = 1000 - 936.17= 63.83 m. Answer:A
medmcqa_27	medmcqa	<ctx> injury is another important clinical target for nfb. the peripheral nerve system has an intrinsic ability to regenerate itself and does so naturally for small nerve injuries ( < 5mm in length ). treatments of peripheral nerve injuries that are larger than this relatively short nerve gap require microsurgical inte...	[ "Facial sling", "Facial nerve repair", "Conservative management", "Systemic corticosteroids" ]	B	(b) Facial nerve repair(Ref. Scott Brown, 6th ed., 1404)Since generally following trauma the facial nerve injury occurs as sudden onset. Facial decompression should be the best option.
qasc_4267	qasc	<ctx> the number of species initially present in an ecosystem increases. other researchers believe that the relationship between species diversity and productivity is unimodal within an ecosystem. a 1999 study on grassland ecosystems in europe, for example, found that increasing species diversity initially increased pr...	[ "Reproduction", "cross-pollination", "By coral exoskeletons", "gene flow" ]	B
arc_easy_2060	arc_easy	<ctx> decreased or unchanged concentration of carbonate ion will give rise to a higher concentration of un - ionized carbonic acid and dissolved. this higher concentration in the seas, along with higher temperatures, would mean a higher equilibrium concentration of in the air. carbon moves between the atmosphere, veget...	[ "nitrogen", "carbon dioxide", "carbon monoxide", "hydrogen" ]	B
medmcqa_1835	medmcqa	<ctx> quantium medical cardiac output ( qco ) uses impedance cardiography in a simple, continuous, and non - invasive way to estimate the cardiac output ( co ) and other hemodynamic parameters such as the stroke volume ( sv ) and cardiac index ( ci ). the co estimated by the qco monitor is referred to as the " qco ". t...	[ "1", "3", "0.6", "1.8" ]	C	Ans. is 'c' i.e., 0.6 o Overall V/Q ratio of lung-0.8o V/Q ratio at apex-3.0 (maximum)o V/Q ratio at base-0.6 (Least)
medmcqa_9745	medmcqa	<ctx> oxygenation and removal of carbon dioxide. the left atrium receives newly oxygenated blood from the lungs as well as the pulmonary vein which is passed into the strong left ventricle to be pumped through the aorta to the different organs of the body. pulmonary circulation the pulmonary circulation is the part of ...	[ "Inferior vena cava", "Lt. renal vein", "Rt. renal vein", "Portal vein" ]	B	Ans: b (Lt. renal vein)Venous drainage of the suprarenals:Left suprarenal vein drains into the Lt. renal veinRt. suprarenal vein drains into the inferior vena cavaArterial supply.Each gland is supplied by:1) Superior suprarenal artery- Br. of inferior phrenic artery2) Middle suprarenal artery- Br. of abdominal aorta3) ...
medmcqa_9764	medmcqa	<ctx> an environment containing oxygen. subgingival plaque contains a higher proportion of anaerobic bacteria, or those bacteria which cannot exist in an environment containing oxygen. several anaerobic plaque bacteria, such as porphyromonas gingivalis, secrete antigenic proteins that trigger a strong inflammatory resp...	[ "as an abrasive", "retains moisture", "flavoring agent", "foaming agent" ]	B
medmcqa_6601	medmcqa	<ctx> part, the river meanders from side to side in the restraining trough in one or more channels, but further north the swamp is not limited by higher ground and the system of river channels becomes increasingly complex. the characteristics of the river with its network of channels and lagoons are distinguishable in ...	[ "SLE", "Infective endocarditis", "Rheumatic fever", "Marantic endocarditis" ]	B	Infective endocarditis is a serious infection mandating prompt diagnosis and intervention. Microbial invasion of hea valves or mural endocardium--often with destruction of the underlying cardiac tissues--characteristically results in bulky, friable vegetations composed of necrotic debris, thrombus, and organisms.destru...
medmcqa_3061	medmcqa	<ctx> and the most common symptom reported by women of all races is shortness of breath. other symptoms more commonly reported by women than men are extreme fatigue, sleep disturbances, indigestion, and anxiety. however, some women do experience irregular heartbeat, dizziness, sweating, and nausea. burning, pain, or pr...	[ "Respiratory acidosis", "Respiratory alkalosis", "Metabolic acidosis", "Metabolic alkalosis" ]	C	ANSWER: (C) Metabolic acidosisREF: Harrison 17th ed chapter 274, Essentials of Pathophysiology: Concepts of Altered Health States by Carol Mattson Forth page 200Chronic kidney disease is the most common cause of chronic metabolic acidosis. The kidneys normally conserve HCO3-- and secrete H+ ions into the urine as a mea...
arc_easy_2046	arc_easy	<ctx> . 3 the electromagnetic spectrum the frequency spectrum of the light. when all the visible frequencies are present equally, the perceived color of the light is white, and the spectrum is a flat line. therefore, flat - line spectra in general are often referred to as white, whether they represent light or another...	[ "wavelength and brightness.", "speed and color.", "brightness and color.", "wavelength and frequency." ]	D
aquarat_9324	aquarat	<ctx> of these interest and principal payments must equal the cumulative fixed payments at time t i. e. mat. evaluating the first integral on the right we obtain an expression for i ( t ), the interest paid : unsurprisingly the second integral evaluates to p0 − p ( t ) and therefore : the reader may easily verify that ...	[ "A)s. 5266", "B)s. 5269", "C)s. 5228", "D)s. 5201" ]	D	Explanation: Let us assume Mr. Karan borrowed amount is Rs. A. (the principal) By formula of simple interest, S.I. = PRT / 100 Where P = The principal, R = Rate of interest as a %, T = Time in years S.I. = (P * 6 * 9)/100 = 54 P/100 Amount = Principal + S.I. 8010 = P + (54P/100) 8010 = (100P + 54P)/100 8010 = 154P/100 ...
mmlu_aux_4334	mmlu_auxiliary	<ctx> a bug or paper clip if gently placed on the water. 25. temperature has an effect on intermolecular forces : the higher the temperature, the greater the kinetic energies of the molecules and the greater the extent to which their intermolecular forces are overcome, and so the more fluid ( less viscous ) the liquid....	[ "the temperature of warm water drops faster than that of cold water", "warm water is heavier than cold water", "warm water has the same temperature as cold water", "warm water is not as useful as cold water" ]	A	null
qasc_2346	qasc	<ctx> plant perception is the ability of plants to sense and respond to the environment by adjusting their morphology and physiology. botanical research has revealed that plants are capable of reacting to a broad range of stimuli, including chemicals, gravity, light, moisture, infections, temperature, oxygen and carbon...	[ "haploid plants", "food for bears", "important habitats", "food for bats" ]	D
aquarat_34289	aquarat	<ctx> of marbles with both colors on them ( that is, the number of marbles that have been drawn twice ) has the hypergeometric distribution. the symmetry in and stems from the fact that the two rounds are independent, and one could have started by drawing balls and colouring them red first. note that we are interested ...	[ "A)1/5", "B)1/2", "C)2/3", "D)4/5" ]	D	Painter has two buckets he has to randomly pick from 2 different lists ... Let these Lists be A and B ... He has to choose the first bucket from List A , and the second bucket from List B FOR THE FIRST BUCKET ... Red color - 2 Blue color - 2 FOR THE SECOND BUCKET Red color - 3 Blue color -2 In order to get Purple he ha...
pubmedqa_419	pubmedqa	<ctx> use the air quality index ( aqi ) to check the level of pollution in the outside air before engaging in sporting activities. some common disease screenings include checking for hypertension ( high blood pressure ), hyperglycemia ( high blood sugar, a risk factor for diabetes mellitus ), hypercholesterolemia ( hig...	[ "yes", "no", "maybe" ]	B
qasc_1004	qasc	<ctx> is still debated. distortions to the earth's magnetic field cause the phenomenon aurora borealis, commonly called the northern lights. the magnetic field stores energy given by cosmic particles known as solar wind, which causes the magnetic field lines to expand. when the lines contract, they release this energy,...	[ "air pressure", "waterfalls", "Temperature", "scattered light" ]	A
medmcqa_1768	medmcqa	<ctx> would rather have their children stay inside the home because they fear that gang, drug violence, and other dangers might harm them. genetics childhood obesity is often the result of an interplay between many genetic and environmental factors. polymorphisms in various genes controlling appetite and metabolism pre...	[ "Anorexia nervosa", "Bulimia nervosa", "Binge eating disorder", "None of the above" ]	B	Ans. B. Bulimia nervosaAnorexia nervosa - Under weightBulimia nervosa - Normal WeightBinge eating disorder - Over weight.
medmcqa_6387	medmcqa	<ctx> opening of the coronary arteries ( usually by way of the aortic root ) and / or to the cardiac veins ( by way of the coronary sinus ). these delivery methods are referred to antegrade and retrograde, respectively. cardioplegia solution protects the heart by arresting ( i. e. stopping ) the heart, thereby decreasi...	[ "anterior aoic sinus", "left posterior aoic sinus", "right posterior aoic sinus", "inter aoic sinus" ]	A	Right coronary aery is smaller than the left coronary aery. It arises from the anterior aoic sinus. Left coronary aery is larger than the right coronary aery. It arises from the left posterior aoic sinus. REF : B D Chaurasia's Human Anatomy , seventh edition , volume 2 , pg.no., 278, 279. FIG REF : B D Chaurasia's Huma...
aquarat_34190	aquarat	<ctx> the answer should also have three significant figures. the answer 30. 0 km / hr does indeed have three significant figures, so this is appropriate. note that the significant figures in the conversion factor are not relevant because an hour is defined to be 60 minutes, so the precision of the conversion factor is ...	[ "A)28 sec", "B)29 sec", "C)24 sec", "D)25 sec" ]	B	D = 140 + 150 = 290 S = 36 * 5/18 = 10 mps T = 290/10 = 29 sec B
mmlu_aux_6901	mmlu_auxiliary	<ctx> 25. 5 • dispersion : the rainbow and prisms 1115 figure 25. 22 ( a ) a pure wavelength of light falls onto a prism and is refracted at both surfaces. ( b ) white light is dispersed by the prism ( shown exaggerated ). since the index of refraction varies with wavelength, the angles of refraction vary with waveleng...	[ "it shines at a gem", "it shines at a mirror", "it reflects off a spoon", "it reflects off a car" ]	A	null
mmlu_aux_4007	mmlu_auxiliary	<ctx> the apollo command and service module ( csm ) atop the smaller saturn ib, each delivered a three - astronaut crew. on the last two crewed missions, an additional apollo / saturn ib stood by ready to rescue the crew in orbit if it was needed. mir ( ussr / russia, 1986 – 2001 ) mir was the first modular space stati...	[ "They are impatient and annoyed.", "They are worried and upset.", "They are caring and thoughtful.", "They are excited and curious." ]	C	null
medmcqa_2460	medmcqa	<ctx> this friction. since a spring - loaded pin needs to have a slight gap between the plunger and barrel so that it can slide easily, momentary disconnections can happen when there is vibration or movement. in order to counter this, the plunger usually has a small tilt to ensure a continuous connection. many manufact...	[ "Measure skin fold thickness", "Measure mid arm circumference", "Measure height", "Measure chest circumference" ]	A	Ans. A. Measure Skin fold thicknessSkin fold thickness is an indication of the subcutaneous fat. Triceps skin fold thickness is the most representative of the total subcutaneous fat upto 16 years of age. It is usually above 10mm in normal children whereas in severely malnourished children it may fall below 6mm.
mmlu_aux_2289	mmlu_auxiliary	<ctx> , hawking was awarded a scholarship after taking the examinations in march 1959. undergraduate years hawking began his university education at university college, oxford, in october 1959 at the age of 17. for the first eighteen months, he was bored and lonelyhe found the academic work " ridiculously easy ". his p...	[ "Hawking is famous in the fields of cosmology and quantum gravity.", "Hawking was diagnosed to have the motor neuron disease. k*s5u", "Hawking started to suffer symptoms of disorder when he was in Oxford.", "Hawking gradually lost the use of his arms, legs and voice." ]	C	null
qasc_5838	qasc	<ctx> in biology, the word gene ( from, ; meaning generation or birth or gender ) can have several different meanings. the mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity and the molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in dna that is transcribed to produce a functional rna. there are two types of molecular genes : prote...	[ "mutated", "correlated", "negative", "same" ]	A
aquarat_40506	aquarat	<ctx> combinatorics on words is a fairly new field of mathematics, branching from combinatorics, which focuses on the study of words and formal languages. the subject looks at letters or symbols, and the sequences they form. combinatorics on words affects various areas of mathematical study, including algebra and compu...	[ "A)2", "B)1", "C)3", "D)5" ]	A	Letters in the word Letters in the alphabet C H A C B A R S R S ANSWER A
qasc_7903	qasc	<ctx> as medium whose chemical, physical and biological properties were useful for the services of agronomic productivity. on the other hand, pedologists and geologists did not initially focus on the agronomic applications of the soil characteristics ( edaphic properties ) but upon its relation to the nature and histor...	[ "decomposition", "genetic material", "nutrients", "genetic diversity" ]	A
medmcqa_6859	medmcqa	<ctx> additionally, animal experiments have shown that epigenetic changes can depend on mother - infant interactions after birth. furthermore, a recent study investigating the correlations between maternal stress in pregnancy and methylation in teenagers / their mothers has found that children of women who were abused ...	[ "Squamous cell carcinoma of cervix", "Adenocarcinoma of endometrium", "Clear cell adenocarcinoma of vagina", "Sarcoma of uterus" ]	C	Ans. is 'c' i.e., Clear cell adenocarcinoma of vagina
medmcqa_8665	medmcqa	<ctx> rarer haplotype is found to be absent in the samples of han chinese, and they also possess a high level of redundancy. a study analyzing east asian genetic substructure using genome - wide snp arrays is carried out with greater than 200, 000 genotypes from people of east asian ancestry. the continental population...	[ "Pre B cell", "Pre T cell", "T cell", "B cell" ]	A	Ans. (a) Pre B cellRef: Robbin's pathology 9th ed. /590-93* Most common subtype of ALL is LI according to older classification and Pre B cell variety by the latest WHO classification.* The recent WHO International panel on ALL recommends that the FAB classification be abandoned, since the morphological classification h...
aquarat_938	aquarat	<ctx> is strictly positive, so the length decreases monotonically. more generally, for any evolution of curves whose normal speed is, the rate of change in length is which can be interpreted as a negated inner product between the given evolution and the curve - shortening flow. thus, the curve - shortening flow can be ...	[ "A)28%", "B)30 %", "C)44%", "D)54%" ]	A	percentage change in area =(−10−20+(10×20)/100)%=−28% i.e., area is decreased by 28% ANSWER:A
arc_easy_1786	arc_easy	<ctx> found. the scale insect beesonia ferrugineus forms round, fluffy - looking galls on branches of several melaleuca species. melaleucas are also susceptible to myrtle rust ( puccinia psidii ) which can result in damage to soft plant material and the death of highly susceptible hosts. myrtle rust is common in easter...	[ "adaptation", "competition", "diversification", "mutation" ]	A
mmlu_aux_2768	mmlu_auxiliary	<ctx> ##aam, tanzania. they were eager to discuss a range of problems they knew about from first - hand experience that caused them deep concern. the organisation has over 10, 000 groups in over 100 countries. in 1992, goodall founded the tchimpounga chimpanzee rehabilitation centre in the republic of congo to care for...	[ "She dreamed of going to college.", "She dreamed of studying animals in Africa.", "She dreamed of becoming a famous scientist.", "She dreamed of traveling all around the world." ]	B	null
medmcqa_8171	medmcqa	<ctx> ##sohn, then the head of the department of dermatology in geneva, the son of dermatologist, joseph jadassohn. there he started investigating the occurrence and root causes of inflammation as well as contact dermatitis due to lymphocytes using the guinea pig nipple as a model for the human skin. this led to the fi...	[ "Localized immune complex", "Ag- Ab reaction", "Complement mediated", "Ab mediated" ]	A	Ahus reaction Localized area of tissue necrosis resulting from acute immune complex vasculitis, usually elicited in the skin. "SHARP" S- Serum sickness, Schick test, SLE H- HS pneumonitis (Farmers lung), HSP A- Ahus reaction R- Reactive ahritis, RA, Raji assay P - PAN, PSGN
aquarat_43650	aquarat	<ctx> came as a surprise. delivered to australian field post office ( afpo ) 5 in dili by forklift on large metal raaf l pallets, the volume of mail increased from a day on october to per day in early november. as christmas approached, families and friends of adf personnel took advantage of the australian government's ...	[ "A)A)7", "B)B)6", "C)C)9", "D)D)11" ]	A	Sol. Total packages 490 Each truck carries 70 packages = 490 / 70 = 7 Answer : A
medmcqa_4629	medmcqa	<ctx> tree leaf people person name ( noun ) nature sun star water fire stone path mountain night ( dark time ) verbs and adjectives drink ( verb ) die see hear come new full numerals and pronouns one two i you we asjpcode asjp version from 2016 uses the following symbols to encode phonemes : p b f v m w 8 t d s z c n r...	[ "Lip sucking", "Lip thrust", "Lip insufficiency", "None of the above" ]	D	The various habits of the lips can be divided into following: Lip sucking Lip thrust Lip insuﬃciency
aquarat_35198	aquarat	<ctx> that case, the reasoning in steps 6 and 7 was entirely correct if envelope a happened to contain any of the amounts 2, 4,... 512 : switching envelopes would give an expected ( average ) gain of 25 %. if envelope a happened to contain the amount 1, then the expected gain is actually 100 %. but if it happened to co...	[ "A)5%", "B)10%", "C)15%", "D)20%" ]	B	Sol. CP - = EC7 = 70 1-7 6 77-70 % Profit = 100 = 10% B
arc_easy_1534	arc_easy	<ctx> ), the tipping bucket rain gauge, and the weighing rain gauge. the wedge and tipping bucket gauges have problems with snow. attempts to compensate for snow / ice by warming the tipping bucket meet with limited success, since snow may sublimate if the gauge is kept much above freezing. weighing gauges with antifre...	[ "hail", "rain", "sleet", "snow" ]	A
medmcqa_6052	medmcqa	<ctx> growth. there are several maternal factors, which include age, nutritional status, alcohol use, smoking, and medical conditions. insufficient uteroplacental perfusion is an example of a placental factor. chromosomal abnormalities and genetic diseases are examples of fetal factors. complications for the infant inc...	[ "Rapid induction and delivery by vaccum", "Rapid induction and delivery by forceps", "Immediate LSCS", "Adopt vagos method and rapid vaginal delivery" ]	C	Vasa Pre in a term gestation is managed by immediate LSCS. Management of vasa pre: Confirmed vasa pre not bleeding: Admit at 28-32 weeks, plan elective CS depending on fetal lung maturity Bleeding vasa pre: Delivery should be done by category 1 Emergency CS. (Categories based on urgency such as emergency, urgency, sche...
aquarat_31389	aquarat	<ctx> , it is common for authors to claim that the solution to the problem is easy, even elementary. upon investigating these elementary solutions, however, they often differ from one author to the next. example resolution suppose that the total amount in both envelopes is a constant, with in one envelope and in the ot...	[ "A)2777", "B)1000", "C)2789", "D)2776" ]	B	(5/100) A = (15/100) B A = 3B A + B = 1000 4B = 1000 => B = 1000 Answer B
medmcqa_6586	medmcqa	<ctx> ) may also contribute to the symptoms and effects. much research has asserted that damage to gray matter within the brain results in spatial neglect. new technology has yielded more information, such that there is a large, distributed network of frontal, parietal, temporal, and subcortical brain areas that have b...	[ "Right frontal lobe", "Right occipital lobe", "Left occipital lobe", "Left frontal lobe" ]	A	Horizontal eye movements (Fast one or saccadic) are triggered by the centro lateral frontal lobes i.e. left lateral gaze palsy is caused by right frontal lobe Abducens nuclear lesions produces a complete lateral gaze palsy Ref
aquarat_25203	aquarat	<ctx> of these interest and principal payments must equal the cumulative fixed payments at time t i. e. mat. evaluating the first integral on the right we obtain an expression for i ( t ), the interest paid : unsurprisingly the second integral evaluates to p0 − p ( t ) and therefore : the reader may easily verify that ...	[ "A)1.2", "B)10.92", "C)12.98", "D)12.38" ]	B	Sol. S.I. = Rs. [26 * 7/100 * 6] = Rs. 10.92 Answer B
medmcqa_5969	medmcqa	<ctx> discussed in a separate section below. patients are said to have failed treatment if they fail to respond to treatment ( cough and sputum production persisting throughout the whole of treatment ), or only experience a transient response to treatment ( the patient gets better at first, but then get worse again, al...	[ "Kanamycin", "Pyrazinamide", "Ethionamide", "None of the above" ]	C	Adverse effects of Ethionamide Gastro-intestinal: epigastric discomfo, anorexia, nausea, metallic taste, vomiting, excessive salivation, and sulfurous belching Psychiatric: hallucination and depression Hepatitis Hypothyroidism and goitre with prolonged administration Gynaecomastia, menstrual disturbances, impotence, ac...
medmcqa_8338	medmcqa	<ctx> dvb - h, dvb - sh, and dvb - t2 can operate in the l band. digital multimedia broadcasting t - dmb can operate in the l band. astronomy the band contains the hyperfine transition of neutral hydrogen ( the hydrogen line, 1420 mhz ), which is of great astronomical interest as a means of imaging the normally invisib...	[ "1-123", "1-125", "1-127", "1-131" ]	A	Ans. A: 1-123 The radionuclides that are used in thyroid scans are two isotopes of iodine, 1-131 and 1-123, and an isotope of technetium known as 99m Tc. Technetium scanning is preferred for some diagnostic workups because it is relatively fast and does not require the patient to fast beforehand. Many prefer to reserve...
mmlu_aux_4138	mmlu_auxiliary	<ctx> take a quantum leap... to the edge of science ( 2013 ) extreme biology : from superbugs to clones... get to the edge of science ( 2013 ) climate change : a hot topic! ( 2015 ) microbiology : it's a small world! ( 2015 ) the complete periodic table : more elements with style! ( 2015 ) engineering : the riveting wo...	[ "Magical Microbes.", "Super Material for Sports.", "Wonderful Sounds.", "All the three." ]	A	null
aquarat_34799	aquarat	<ctx> 20. 3 resistance and resistivity 24. what is the resistance of a 20. 0 - m - long piece of 12 - gauge copper wire having a 2. 053 - mm diameter? 25. the diameter of 0 - gauge copper wire is 8. 252 mm. find the resistance of a 1. 00 - km length of such wire used for power transmission. 26. if the 0. 010 - mm diame...	[ "A)84 m", "B)88 m", "C)42 m", "D)137 m" ]	C	Sol. Let the length of the wire b h. Radius = 1/2 mm = 1/20 cm. Then, 22/7 * 1/20 * 1/20 * h = 33 ⇔ = [33 * 20 * 20 * 7 / 22] = 4200cm = 42 m. Answer C
aquarat_16074	aquarat	<ctx> the answer should also have three significant figures. the answer 30. 0 km / hr does indeed have three significant figures, so this is appropriate. note that the significant figures in the conversion factor are not relevant because an hour is defined to be 60 minutes, so the precision of the conversion factor is ...	[ "A)1250m/min", "B)1360m/min", "C)2560m/min", "D)1670m/min" ]	A	Convert hour into minutes ( 1 hour = 60 minutes) and kilometers into meters (1 km = 1000 m) and simplify 75 kilometers per hour = 75 km/hr = (75 × 1000 meters) / (60 minutes) = 1,250 meters / minute correct answer is A)1250m/min
medmcqa_7183	medmcqa	<ctx> arches 3, 4 and 6. cells leading this migration maintain contact with the extracellular matrix and contain filopodia which act as extensions towards the ectodermal pharyngeal arches. a range of secreted factors ensure appropriate directionality of the cells. fgf8 acts as a chemotactic attraction in directing cell...	[ "Hepatic artery", "Hepatic vein", "Portal vein", "Bile duct" ]	B	Ans. B. Hepatic veinThe hepatic lobules are small divisions of the liver defined at the microscopic (histological) scale. The hepatic lobule is a building block of the liver tissue, consisting of a portal triad, hepatocytes arranged in linear cords between a capillary network, and a central vein.A portal triad is a dis...
arc_challenge_1091	arc_challenge	<ctx> the circuit by two wires, through which electric current passes through the device. from the standpoint of power flow, electrical components in a circuit can be divided into two types : in a source or active component, such as a battery or electric generator, electric current ( conventional current, flow of posit...	[ "a circuit that is closed", "a series circuit", "a circuit that is open", "a parallel circuit" ]	C
aquarat_979	aquarat	<ctx> joshi claims fdi will help the farm sector improve critical infrastructure and integrate farmer - consumer relationship. today, the existing retail has not been able to supply fresh vegetables to the consumers because they have not invested in the backward integration. when the farmers'produce reaches the end con...	[ "A)No profit, no loss", "B)5%", "C)8%", "D)20%" ]	D	C.P. of 30 kg rice = Rs. (10 x 20 + 20 x 40) = Rs. 200 + 800 = Rs. 1000. S.P. of 30 kg rice = Rs.30x 40 = Rs. 1200 Gain =200/1000x100% =20%. Answer: Option D
aquarat_25771	aquarat	<ctx> stock under different stock valuation methods can be confusing. another example is modelling labour variances with learning curve corrections and stock level changes. with the absence of a basic profit model in an algebraic form, confident development of such models is difficult. the development of spreadsheets h...	[ "A)3", "B)5", "C)7", "D)9" ]	B	63/60 = 1.05 The answer is B.
aquarat_654	aquarat	<ctx> of these notes. returning to the o - d matrix, note that we have not used as much information as we would have from an o and d survey and from our earlier work on trip generation. for the same travel pattern in the o - d matrix used before, we would have row and column totals, i. e. : consider the way the four fo...	[ "A)Expenses will not go over the budget.", "B)$500", "C)$4,225", "D)$1,725" ]	D	annual travel budget of $59,000 Let, Transportation expenses = T = 19500 and Non-Transportation expenses = N=35000 i.e. Increased Transportation expenses = 1.05T = 20475 and Increased Non-Transportation expenses = 1.15N = 40250 Total Expense = 20475+40250 = 60725 Expense over Budget = Budget - expense = 59000-60725 = 1...
medmcqa_5267	medmcqa	<ctx> 99 – 159. robert k. crane. " digestion and absorption : water - soluble organics ". international review of physiology, gastrointestinal physiology ii, vol. 12, robert k. crane, ed., university park press, 1977, pp. 325 – 365. robert k. crane. " intestinal structure and function related to toxicity ". environment...	[ "Adenosine reuptake inhibition", "Increases PGI,", "Inhibits cycloxygenase", "None" ]	A	Ans. is 'a' i.e., Adenosine reuptake inhibition o Dipyridamole is a powerful coronary dilator; increases total coronary flow by preventing uptake and degradation of adenosine. Remember o Dipyridamol potentiates the action of PG12.

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