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f89c62683a21ce90bd00910d53bfbaee3dee520f
fields made her international debut for australia in
fields made her international debut for australia in a test against india in adelaide in february 2006. she was appointed captain of the australian women's cricket team in 2009, replacing the renowned karen rolton. in doing so, she became the first queensland woman to captain the australian team. fields first game as c...
wikipedia
d714aa061c68c86b49aae5cf4f68c8bddd1a9d0c
fields grew up in queensland playing boy's and
fields grew up in queensland playing boy's and men's cricket before playing women's cricket while at university. she made her debut for the queensland fire in 2000 and captained the team from the 2008–09 season for six years. during her career, she played 165 domestic limited overs matches and 98 women's national crick...
wikipedia
07fbdfc7a804edf04883344da02d263ee310a485
a hoberman mechanism, or hoberman linkage, is a
a hoberman mechanism, or hoberman linkage, is a deployable mechanism that turns linear motion into radial motion. the hoberman mechanism is made of two angulated ridged bars connected at a central point by a revolute joint, making it move much like a scissor mechanism. multiple of these linkages can be joined together ...
wikipedia
42ecc8755c9816d207eb2eb81e569e133db5a023
the hoberman mechanism has also been used in
the hoberman mechanism has also been used in larger scale architectural projects. one of these structures is the hoberman arch featured the 2002 winter olympics in utah. the arch was designed by chuck hoberman; it was built to open and close using many interlocked hoberman mechanisms, acting as a mechanical curtain on ...
wikipedia
45917921082c1514c22ca50cfa541491a94ef20a
the most commonly seen form of the hoberman
the most commonly seen form of the hoberman mechanism is in the toy made by chuck hoberman called the mega sphere or hoberman sphere. the mega sphere is a plastic, sphere shaped toy that expands and retracts as it is pushed and pulled on. the toy is made of six full rings of hoberman mechanisms that are all connected t...
wikipedia
94eb724ca87b6ef96f0a2139a950ff5b8585b13d
the hoberman mechanism is featured in works of
the hoberman mechanism is featured in works of art, mostly made by artist and inventor of the hoberman mechanism, chuck hoberman. structures designed by chuck hoberman that included the hoberman mechanism were featured in the elaine dannheisser projects series from moma. a hoberman sphere also was on display at the mom...
wikipedia
8ff5cfe2486e4d99cd2bff62905057322371fe79
the mobility formula for a single degree of
the mobility formula for a single degree of freedom m = 3(n - 1) - 2j, where m is the degrees of freedom, n is the number of moving elements, and j is the number of joints, predicts that a hoberman mechanism of 12 bars and 18 joints would have -3 degrees of freedom. that makes the hoberman mechanism a over-constrained ...
wikipedia
27da57a7a9bb1129fab7fb02613303750fe23fc5
a pair of prrp linkages that share a
a pair of prrp linkages that share a coupler curve at a common coupler point have a single degree of freedom, which is why the hoberman mechanism has a single degree of freedom. the motion that the hoberman mechanism produces is radial motion, even though it looks like linear motion, because the motion follows the coup...
wikipedia
3e0d6e9a4a019d4a0e239cf620c499424e5299e9
for parameters {r,r,α}, this equation of the coupler
for parameters {r,r,α}, this equation of the coupler curve follows the equation for a straight line (y=mx). because the two angulated rods that make up a hoberman mechanism are identical, they have the same r and r values and thus the same coupler curve.
wikipedia
f98206dc42cafd934116ff12a347bf33b3b8f2d0
the hoberman mechanism is a single degree of
the hoberman mechanism is a single degree of freedom structure meaning that the system can be driven with a single actuator. the mechanism is made of two identical angulated rods joined together by a central revolute pivot and four end pivots constrained to move along a single line. because the four end pivots are rest...
wikipedia
cb8e02459402d531c1c0b4db44262486678b8880
the hoberman mechanism is made of two identical
the hoberman mechanism is made of two identical angulated rods joined together at their bends by one central revolute joint. these mechanisms can be linked by connecting the ends of the pairs together with two more revolute joints. due to the mechanism's design, however, the revolute joints act as if they are prismatic...
wikipedia
32a6cc66f8e209a470b317e77913fc0e67349e38
the hoberman mechanism originates from the idea of
the hoberman mechanism originates from the idea of making something bigger become smaller. chuck hoberman, a fine arts graduate from cooper union, realized that his lack in knowledge of engineering was holding him back from creating the things he could picture in his head. he enrolled in columbia university to get a ma...
wikipedia
cc75dadd35390bb0395fd5e67e4b25e7c1643c67
the hoberman mechanism is made of two angulated
the hoberman mechanism is made of two angulated ridged bars connected at a central point by a revolute joint, making it move much like a scissor mechanism. multiple of these linkages can be joined together at the ends of the angulated bars by more revolute joints, expanding radially to make circle shaped mechanisms. th...
wikipedia
3c1e94c7d6eb4ad7d90a275c5f48c3114480d464
once the english football league had been resumed
once the english football league had been resumed kirton lead stoke to their first title challenge in 1946–47, described as the 'heartbeat of the side' kirton's stoke lost their must win match against sheffield united and missed out on the grand prize. stoke recorded record profits that season but little of it filtered...
wikipedia
cc120dbcd3ebe91e7bedef0c23ed0fd47666d210
kirton was born in aberdeen and played for
kirton was born in aberdeen and played for st marchers and banks o' dee, winning several scottish schoolboy cap. stoke city 's scottish based scouts recommend him to manager bob mcgrory who signed him in the summer of 1935 and he made a number of appearances as cover for frank soo over the following two seasons. kirton...
wikipedia
f9246ffebde9579ff163fee10c4d53ce2998976e
john kirton (4 march 1916 – 12 march
john kirton (4 march 1916 – 12 march 1996) was a scottish footballer who played in the english football league for bradford city and stoke city. he made 249 appearances for stoke.
wikipedia
88cea807c0389a330f0710de69813ad09ab2401c
the nac also worked with darpa on a
the nac also worked with darpa on a network based on the arpanet for military use. the analysis they ran and designs they submitted led to the creation of the project autodin ii which never was realized. it was instead replaced by the defense data network which instead of being separated from arpanet like autodin, used...
wikipedia
dc8f1c926c1bdf326b2db64f0a5dedd4657dae5e
after finishing his project at the oep, in
after finishing his project at the oep, in 1969, howard frank and dave rosenbaum created the network analysis corporation in an effort to solve similar issues than the ones encountered while working at the oep. dr frank was contacted by lawrence roberts to work on the topological design of the arpanet. the nac, with ho...
wikipedia
17ce4f0e56da0be20aa089056fce0e3122f0ba94
after being noticed by a white house official
after being noticed by a white house official at a talk on his breakthrough on paul baran 's work, howard frank was invited to work at the office of emergency preparedness as a consultant. the project he worked on was a proof of concept that an office of analytic planning could have its use in the white house. the grou...
wikipedia
37ae085063659527feedb1327fc68a6dd3b09a60
while writing his phd, howard frank stumbled on
while writing his phd, howard frank stumbled on a paper published in the journal of mathematical biophysics on how cells reacted to radiation. he noticed that the mathematical model developed in that research could be applied to work done by paul baran in a series of papers called "on distributed communication". this i...
wikipedia
aef84e8ef6c1db94576f99453ded81ec92e1e225
his thesis: "optimum locations on a graph with
his thesis: "optimum locations on a graph with probabilistic demands" which he described as "built on probabilistic graphs of some applications and it was statistical communication type theory, sort of an extension of the von neumann work" was completed in 1965. dr frank was hired as assistant professor of engineering ...
wikipedia
720d2cb268c550170c754e6b8decb6b6ca12529e
howard frank was an academic from 1965, the
howard frank was an academic from 1965, the year he finished his phd, to 1968 before working for the oep as a consultant. he then went on to found the network analysis corporation a year later along with a business associate. after selling nac to contel corporation, he created network management incorporated in 1986. h...
wikipedia
48c98fec4f58e85ee201abe4a702da3d8e845c95
a capacitive humidity sensor detects humidity based on
a capacitive humidity sensor detects humidity based on a change of capacitance between two detection electrodes provided on a semiconductor substrate. the capacitance type humidity sensor detects humidity by measuring the change in the electrostatic capacity of an element corresponding to the ambient humidity. a resist...
wikipedia
bfa69a15e62c6714e2bcc3e4d9e1b024afc37353
a humistor has a ceramic composition comprising at
a humistor has a ceramic composition comprising at least one component having a spinel type cubic symmetry selected from the group consisting chromates, stannic or titan oxides of different metals like mgcr o, fecr o, nicr o, cocr o, mncr o, cucr o, mg tio, zn tio, mg sno and zn sno, and, if desired, at least one compo...
wikipedia
fd654b0365ff85525d76ac0a6df5aacd66941cd2
hypogymnia congesta is a rare species of foliose
hypogymnia congesta is a rare species of foliose lichen in the family parmeliaceae. found in china, it was formally described as a new species in 2003. the lichen grows on the bark and wood of conifers and bamboo. hypogymnia congesta has a brown to brownish-grey foliose thallus measuring up to 8 cm (3.1 in) long or bro...
wikipedia
efe0db9a4a1e2f8656a6ad038ab15487c71bfcdd
hypogymnia congesta is unique within its genus for
hypogymnia congesta is unique within its genus for containing virensic acid as a major constituent. virensic acid produces pale violet-gray spots in thin-layer chromatography, with specific retardation factor (rf) values that help identify this unique chemical constituent. other chemical components include atranorin an...
wikipedia
9f520a491335069232a8d52fc8e3eab78d1bf88f
this lichen species lacks soredia and isidia, but
this lichen species lacks soredia and isidia, but often has lobules. apothecia are common, measuring up to 6 mm in diameter. the ascospores are 7.0–8.0 by 5.0–5.5 μm in size, and pycnidia are also common. spermatia are rod-shaped to weakly bifusiform, with dimensions of 5.0–6.0 by 0.8–1.1 μm.
wikipedia
f0fb571f1a999acfb46f356443d57670d60b0b16
the thallus of hypogymnia congest is appressed to
the thallus of hypogymnia congest is appressed to somewhat erect and can reach up to 8 cm (3.1 in) in width or length. it has a cartilaginous texture with variable branching patterns, and the lobes are typically 1.7–3.5 mm wide. the upper surface is smooth to weakly rugose and varies in colour from brown to brownish-gr...
wikipedia
23ae304405b846883c5cad8b23a874fd297a4175
hypogymnia congesta was first formally described by lichenologists
hypogymnia congesta was first formally described by lichenologists bruce mccune and chicita f. culberson in 2003. the type specimen was collected near wei den village, behind lou ma deng mountain in wei xi county (yunnan province) at an elevation of 3,000 m (9,800 ft).
wikipedia
4672ebba7ffb05c2328cbc2c29b9d185b15a31ed
hypogymnia congesta is a rare species of foliose
hypogymnia congesta is a rare species of foliose lichen in the family parmeliaceae. found in china, it was formally described as a new species in 2003. the lichen grows on the bark and wood of conifers and bamboo. hypogymnia congesta has a brown to brownish-grey foliose thallus measuring up to 8 cm (3.1 in) long or bro...
wikipedia
996e0ec74e27009466ea77225d496634adf68dcf
2005 - champion - superbikes 1000cc 2006 -
2005 - champion - superbikes 1000cc 2006 - champion - supersport 600cc 2008 - champion - supersport 600cc 2009 - 3rd - superbikes 1000cc 2010 - 2nd - superbikes 1000cc
wikipedia
16f4788eda88d3e703b6b075b2e3ea2e531a40d2
1998 - champion - honda cbr600 trophy 1999
1998 - champion - honda cbr600 trophy 1999 - 5th - supersport 600cc 2000 - 6th - supersport 600cc 2001 - vice-champion - honda cbr600 trophy 2002 - 6th - superstock 1000cc
wikipedia
321a0cbf885563394d391322bddd171ec94b9826
2009 - 3rd - supersport 600cc 2008 -
2009 - 3rd - supersport 600cc 2008 - 3rd - supersport 600cc 2007 - 4th - supersport 600cc 2005 - 4th - supersport 600cc 2003 - 5th - supersport 600cc
wikipedia
2d5d7f60eb1517d8435c837773ed7843f05132c1
2007 - champion superproduction class - 5th overall
2007 - champion superproduction class - 5th overall 2007 - le mans 24h - 5th superproduction class - 15th overall 2007 - 6h albacete - winner superproduction class - 8th overall 2007 - 24h orschesleben - 3rd superproduction class - 10th overall 2007 - 8h suzuka - winner superproduction class - 14th overall 2007 - 8h qa...
wikipedia
963de65054ba9b9d180db8b28b6e6316e789bce9
helen tracy parsons was an american biochemist and
helen tracy parsons was an american biochemist and nutritionist chiefly known for her early work in vitamin b. parsons developed an interest in biochemistry and nutrition at the university of wisconsin-madision, where she was a graduate student under elmer mccollum. parsons spent most of her own scientific career at th...
wikipedia
77b13b737d3d5f608129face86fda6b09e145d66
parsons retired from the university of wisconsin-madison in
parsons retired from the university of wisconsin-madison in 1956 at the age of 70. she remained active in the american institute of nutrition, the american society of biological chemists, the american dietetics association, and the american home economics association. she was 1 of 112 charter members of the american in...
wikipedia
0b33c7ea62c257816c1efd0ed847293d9089aaf6
although the yeast company she was working for
although the yeast company she was working for was not happy with the results, they allowed parsons to publish her findings. some of her colleagues were not as fortunate - in her oral history parsons recalls some of their research being suppressed by the larger yeast companies and their papers cancelled for publication...
wikipedia
00112c39b23e6cdf81f453dbfe1fd906a4ea3510
parsons' later career revolved around thiamine depletion by
parsons' later career revolved around thiamine depletion by live yeast. in the late 1930s and 1940s, it was popular to drink live yeast cocktails. many yeast companies marketed the mixtures as a good source of nutrients and proteins. however, after talking with her colleagues, parsons began to question validity of the ...
wikipedia
6fd04238b82c7e98fc3927fb26c05ef015a7a065
at the time, parsons' egg-white results were controversial
at the time, parsons' egg-white results were controversial within the egg and poultry industry. she recalls being "insulted at the time any of reports" were given at meetings and her results were often called into question by those involved with the industries.
wikipedia
5171e792cdae4b00888f8d890a8087da8eb35f94
"it was you, my dear doctor parsons, who
"it was you, my dear doctor parsons, who gave me the best stimulus to unravel the difficult problem of egg-white toxicity and biotin deficiency. your excellent and classical experiments on the identification of bound biotin in the feces of rats fed raw egg-white opened the way to solve the puzzle of egg-white toxicity....
wikipedia
4ff83a484818133fe407541b0db283c409461840
parsons and her group then went on to
parsons and her group then went on to look for foods that could counteract the symptoms of egg-white injury. they found that foods like cooked kidney, cooked liver, yeast, egg yolk, or dried milk contained a 'protective factor' (later found to be biotin) that cured the rats dermatitis and prevented the debilitating eff...
wikipedia
659317866d5162cff1c725278d8336b1977a2d41
parsons had noticed during her time at yale
parsons had noticed during her time at yale that rats fed only raw egg-white as their protein diet developed unfavorable physiological effects such as severe dermatitis and neurological dysfunction. if kept on the diet, the rats invariably died after a short period of time. parsons hypothesized that there was an 'anti-...
wikipedia
f3fa4bc4fac50984fe1e65e7dc3d0bb50c3ec3e5
parsons returned to the university of wisconsin-madison in
parsons returned to the university of wisconsin-madison in 1928 as an associate professor with an annual salary of $3600 and research funding from the university for her own laboratory. there, she was able to expand work done during her doctoral period and perform experiments critical to the discovery of biotin and avi...
wikipedia
14ed12471b9c2afcf2df65a661d0de46ddb10b82
around 1927, parsons went to obtain her ph.d.
around 1927, parsons went to obtain her ph.d. under the direction of lafayette mendel, a biochemical nutritionist working out of the yale physiological chemistry laboratory. in parsons’ second year there, she was awarded the mary pemberton nourse fellowship from the american association of university women. her thesis ...
wikipedia
0da4df5df20e6f00b8efa1950e2e2f203afdc578
during this time and until after the late
during this time and until after the late 1920s, the department of home economics was not allowed to have ph.d. candidates. according to parsons, the home economics department was seen as more of a trade school, one where "people did cooking and sewing", and the administration did not want the university "smirched with...
wikipedia
5aefd782107ce9369d34f8d55971231ccca4c93b
in 1917, mccollum moved to head the biochemistry
in 1917, mccollum moved to head the biochemistry department at the newly established johns hopkins school of hygiene and public health, where parsons chose to follow. working in mccollum's lab, parsons had access to the nation's first colony of white rats for use in nutrition experiments. at johns hopkins, parsons work...
wikipedia
6c82e004e0d05461328c0a58172658fca882d8ff
after another brief teaching job in oklahoma, parsons
after another brief teaching job in oklahoma, parsons met abby marlatt, head of the home economics department at the university of wisconsin-madison, at a dinner party in 1913. marlatt offered her an assistant job at the university of wisconsin-madison where parsons was intended to be the “bridge between science and ho...
wikipedia
02f628b1b649f24c5b95df2347d5cbe5fb47c335
at five years old parsons began attending the
at five years old parsons began attending the second ward school in arkansas city, where her aunt was the principal. she moved with her aunt and uncle to alabama, where she attended a co-ed military high school. parsons returned to arkansas city at age sixteen to teach at a country school. after several years of teachi...
wikipedia
7c0e97de122210543517c82dbcc0e3ef08213f50
helen tracy parsons was born on march 26,
helen tracy parsons was born on march 26, 1886, in arkansas city, kansas. her father was a physician who came from a pioneer family in indiana and her mother was born at a mission house to mohegan native americans in new england. both her mother's and father's family believed in education and encouraged scholarly think...
wikipedia
e10e1f5895a45e2d88e2ac6604571970c32ab50c
helen tracy parsons (march 26, 1886 – december
helen tracy parsons (march 26, 1886 – december 30, 1977) was an american biochemist and nutritionist chiefly known for her early work in vitamin b. parsons developed an interest in biochemistry and nutrition at the university of wisconsin-madision, where she was a graduate student under elmer mccollum. parsons spent mo...
wikipedia
540e94cf33bc1a55e5b5cc7922b9088b950c8ff7
hasan ali oglu seyidov was an azerbaijani politician,
hasan ali oglu seyidov was an azerbaijani politician, scientist, chairman of the baku regional executive committee, division chairman of the society of chemists named after d. i. mendeleev and azerbaijan ssr minister of agriculture.
wikipedia
17999a3fbcf32baca8e14250b95630ec8636ea52
seyidov was born in 1908 in erivan governorate.
seyidov was born in 1908 in erivan governorate. in 1928, he graduated from the azerbaijan agricultural institute, and in 1931-1934 he received doctoral studies at the moscow all-union scientific-research fertilizer and agro-soil science institute. from 1937 to 1962, he worked as the director of the azerbaijan agricultu...
wikipedia
f3ee5acbc9644e8c82099f5380b9c95008d5e431
hasan ali oglu seyidov (azerbaijani: həsən Əli oğlu
hasan ali oglu seyidov (azerbaijani: həsən Əli oğlu seyidov, b. 1908, erivan, erivan governorate - d. 8 june 1999, baku) was an azerbaijani politician, scientist, chairman of the baku regional executive committee, division chairman of the society of chemists named after d. i. mendeleev and azerbaijan ssr minister of ag...
wikipedia
4a65a8b077f6629bbbbeb01695c143dbcf862de3
james gillen robertson is a scottish former professional
james gillen robertson is a scottish former professional footballer who played as a winger for cowdenbeath, st mirren, tottenham hotspur, arsenal, ipswich town, stoke city, seattle sounders, walsall and crewe alexandra. he was capped once for scotland.
wikipedia
05ce95772139fae4258749f69f3f7763a9be858a
robertson then joined up with ipswich town in
robertson then joined up with ipswich town in march 1970 for £50,000. at portman road he became a vital member of bobby robson 's squad as ipswich ensured survival in 1969–70 and 1970–71. during the 1971–72 season robertson helped the club move up to a mid-table position. in july 1972 robertson joined stoke city for a ...
wikipedia
675c2befd4fb463e9f64cef924d45718d60e4612
he went on to join spurs' rivals arsenal
he went on to join spurs' rivals arsenal in october 1968, in a straight swap for david jenkins, making him one of the few players to play for both clubs. robertson made his debut for arsenal in a goalless draw against west ham united in october 1968. robertson played 19 league matches in the 1968–69 season. the followi...
wikipedia
7fa32611c41f66d000b8c39eddb12319092945b4
robertson was born in cardonald, glasgow, and began
robertson was born in cardonald, glasgow, and began his career playing as a right winger at english club middlesbrough. he was not offered a professional contract at middlesbrough, so returned to scotland and joined up with cowdenbeath. after his stint there he signed for st mirren in 1962. with the "buddies", robertso...
wikipedia
aa78481ec27b16954973cc9f989f93a0773deb3a
james gillen robertson (born 17 december 1944) is
james gillen robertson (born 17 december 1944) is a scottish former professional footballer who played as a winger for cowdenbeath, st mirren, tottenham hotspur, arsenal, ipswich town, stoke city, seattle sounders, walsall and crewe alexandra. he was capped once for scotland.
wikipedia
de66b9a9db197fb5edbd63482d8fbf2dde40fb71
john cromwell mather is an american astrophysicist, cosmologist
john cromwell mather is an american astrophysicist, cosmologist and nobel prize in physics laureate for his work on the cosmic background explorer satellite (cobe) with george smoot. this work helped cement the big-bang theory of the universe. according to the nobel prize committee, "the cobe-project can also be regard...
wikipedia
fe54223729a10f72d3102d73a67f9a8ae262ffa1
mather is one of the 20 american recipients
mather is one of the 20 american recipients of the nobel prize in physics to sign a letter addressed to president george w. bush in may 2008, urging him to "reverse the damage done to basic science research in the fiscal year 2008 omnibus appropriations bill" by requesting additional emergency funding for the departmen...
wikipedia
d893ecb826a592dc4816e3ea1591667e062c23c0
mather is a senior astrophysicist at the nasa
mather is a senior astrophysicist at the nasa goddard space flight center (gsfc) in maryland and adjunct professor of physics at the university of maryland college of computer, mathematical, and natural sciences. in 2007, time magazine listed mather among the 100 most influential people in the world. in october 2012, h...
wikipedia
6edf47f67e45d0efadbfeb14d8ce440050282d90
john cromwell mather (born august 7, 1946, roanoke,
john cromwell mather (born august 7, 1946, roanoke, virginia) is an american astrophysicist, cosmologist and nobel prize in physics laureate for his work on the cosmic background explorer satellite (cobe) with george smoot.
wikipedia
18d7dd8c4c91d215bcefd5818ccce33b097dc1b0
hubert ('jim') markl is arguably the most influential
hubert ('jim') markl is arguably the most influential figure in european science policy and a key person influencing the relationship between science and society. he has uniquely served as president of the deutsche forschungsgemeinschaft and the max planck gesellschaft. in these roles he has been an outstanding and bol...
wikipedia
e7210e513d7e0911f00900e0fe988b3f03e8f73d
he received the lorenz oken medal from the
he received the lorenz oken medal from the society of german natural scientists and doctors in 1984, the karl vossler prize in 1985, the arthur burkhardt prize in 1989, the karl winnacker prize in 1991, and the ernst robert curtius prize in 1995, the bundesverdienstkreuz (officially verdienstorden der bundesrepublik de...
wikipedia
56606edb956a2db3f902de10774652cd5b4b7a4e
from 1977 to 1983, he was vice president
from 1977 to 1983, he was vice president of the deutsche forschungsgemeinschaft (dfg) and from 1986 to 1991, he was president of the dfg. in 1993, he became president of the newly founded berlin-brandenburg academy of sciences and humanities (berlin-brandenburgische akademie der wissenschaften). from 1996 to 2002, he w...
wikipedia
d187bddc7e9713863ff56b18ac7c2d9726a04f5e
markl was born on 17 august 1938 in
markl was born on 17 august 1938 in regensburg, germany. he studied biology, chemistry and geography at the ludwig maximilian university of munich. he completed his ph.d. in zoology from the ludwig maximilian university of munich in 1962. he did research internships at harvard university and rockefeller university in 1...
wikipedia
0a51ccb40a52812743817416c524e3616b5ef79e
heinz (heinrich) ulrich feldmann is a german-american virologist
heinz (heinrich) ulrich feldmann is a german-american virologist who currently serves as the chief of the laboratory of virology at rocky mountain laboratories, niaid and heads the disease modelling and transmission section. his research focuses on highly pathogenic viruses that require strict biocontainment, including...
wikipedia
68ad35d46226fec6bb0c5a71d0cf70fedfc6d188
from 1999-2008, he served as the chief of
from 1999-2008, he served as the chief of the special pathogens branch at the national microbiology laboratory at phac. in 2008, he began his tenure as the chief of the laboratory of virology at rocky mountain laboratories at niaid.
wikipedia
c34d1d2f0f30f06c48a07088b6c26f67858f6e05
heinz received his md from the university of
heinz received his md from the university of marburg in 1987 and his phd in 1988. his doctoral thesis focused on the structural relationship between alpha-influenzavirus serotype hemagglutinin 10 in mammals and avians. he conducted joint postdoctoral research at the university of marburg and the cdc special pathogens b...
wikipedia
0a51ccb40a52812743817416c524e3616b5ef79e
heinz (heinrich) ulrich feldmann is a german-american virologist
heinz (heinrich) ulrich feldmann is a german-american virologist who currently serves as the chief of the laboratory of virology at rocky mountain laboratories, niaid and heads the disease modelling and transmission section. his research focuses on highly pathogenic viruses that require strict biocontainment, including...
wikipedia
a5ebf869aebcc89648c5178e602fb34fa0b4e7d4
a hoogsteen base pair is a variation of
a hoogsteen base pair is a variation of base-pairing in nucleic acids such as the a•t pair. in this manner, two nucleobases, one on each strand, can be held together by hydrogen bonds in the major groove. a hoogsteen base pair applies the n7 position of the purine base and c6 amino group, which bind the watson–crick (n...
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a9cff486ebd8f763b32fd3c724bf378faf7dcf11
hoogsteen pairs also allows formation of secondary structures
hoogsteen pairs also allows formation of secondary structures of single stranded dna and rna g-rich called g-quadruplexes (g4-dna and g4-rna). evidence exists for both in vitro and in vivo formation of g4s. genomic g4s have been suggested to regulate gene transcription and at the rna level inhibit protein synthesis thr...
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this non-watson–crick base-pairing allows the third strands to
this non-watson–crick base-pairing allows the third strands to wind around the duplexes, which are assembled in the watson–crick pattern, and form triple-stranded helices such as (poly(da)2poly(dt)) and (poly(rg)2poly(rc)). it can be also seen in three-dimensional structures of transfer rna, as t54a58 and u8a14.
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as distortions in the double helix are themselves
as distortions in the double helix are themselves are dependent on base sequence, proteins are able to recognize dna in a manner similar to the way that they recognize other proteins and small ligand molecules, i.e. via geometric shape (instead of the specific sequence). for example, stretches of a and t bases can lead...
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3ff62a9e0137d9883fdcdaf12d9cacc643b2ce11
dna has many features that allow its sequence-specific
dna has many features that allow its sequence-specific recognition by proteins. this recognition was originally thought to primarily involve specific hydrogen-bonding interactions between amino-acid side chains and bases. but it soon became clear that there was no identifiable one-to-one correspondence — that is, there...
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f3e13a4be180c9937c725ed14bb406b16aefd8a8
in some dna sequences, especially ca and ta
in some dna sequences, especially ca and ta dinucleotides, hoogsteen base pairs exist as transient entities that are present in thermal equilibrium with standard watson–crick base pairs. the detection of the transient species required the use of nmr relaxation dispersion spectroscopy applied to macromolecules.
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ebc35a87b1841bbd3c79428da7bac752f85dea0f
hoogsteen pairs have quite different properties from watson–crick
hoogsteen pairs have quite different properties from watson–crick base pairs. the angle between the two glycosidic bonds (ca. 80° in the a t pair) is larger and the c1 ′ – c1 ′ distance (ca. 860 pm or 8.6 Å) is smaller than in the regular geometry. in some cases, called reversed hoogsteen base pair s, one base is rotat...
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a6f4655585af323609acc29a1db0c49af70a70c8
ten years after james watson and francis crick
ten years after james watson and francis crick published their model of the dna double helix, karst hoogsteen reported a crystal structure of a complex in which analogues of a and t formed a base pair that had a different geometry from that described by watson and crick. similarly, an alternative base-pairing geometry ...
wikipedia
a95768b8350a91c6f4b60ca81c00c4868c53ecc0
a hoogsteen base pair is a variation of
a hoogsteen base pair is a variation of base-pairing in nucleic acids such as the at pair. in this manner, two nucleobases, one on each strand, can be held together by hydrogen bonds in the major groove. a hoogsteen base pair applies the n7 position of the purine base (as a hydrogen bond acceptor) and c6 amino group (a...
wikipedia
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iron–sulfur proteins are proteins characterized by the presence
iron–sulfur proteins are proteins characterized by the presence of iron–sulfur clusters containing sulfide-linked di-, tri-, and tetrairon centers in variable oxidation states. iron–sulfur clusters are found in a variety of metalloproteins, such as the ferredoxins, as well as nadh dehydrogenase, hydrogenases, coenzyme ...
wikipedia
c054009ba733768d9c5934e174c4ddc50ea9f3d1
synthetic analogues of the naturally occurring fe–s clusters
synthetic analogues of the naturally occurring fe–s clusters were first reported by holm and coworkers. treatment of iron salts with a mixture of thiolates and sulfide affords derivatives such as (et n) fe s (sch ph) ].
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29c6ce3a6764c24ab3bf1c1b37a9c7d425f44a4c
the yeast isc system is the best described.
the yeast isc system is the best described. several proteins constitute the biosynthetic machinery via the isc pathway. the process occurs in two major steps:(1) the fe/s cluster is assembled on a scaffold protein followed by (2) transfer of the preformed cluster to the recipient proteins.the first step of this process...
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04ae75e6fb431ca6cedada7abdbb86a2fa171744
the biosynthesis of the fe–s clusters has been
the biosynthesis of the fe–s clusters has been well studied. the biogenesis of iron sulfur clusters has been studied most extensively in the bacteria e. coli and a. vinelandii and yeast s. cerevisiae. at least three different biosynthetic systems have been identified so far, namely nif, suf, and isc systems, which were...
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fe05ba123c30cd630410f8c7c6f32b4e3f45b645
proteins are also known to contain centres, which
proteins are also known to contain centres, which feature one iron less than the more common cores. three sulfide ions bridge two iron ions each, while the fourth sulfide bridges three iron ions. their formal oxidation states may vary from (all-fe form) to (all-fe form). in a number of iron–sulfur proteins, the cluster...
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2d38fa552d2a6938501a3e9a77bb9fc93b735568
the second cubane shown here with mixed valence
the second cubane shown here with mixed valence pairs (2 fe3+ and 2 fe2+), has a greater stability from covalent communication and strong covalent delocalization of the “extra” electron from the reduced fe2+ that results in full ferromagnetic coupling.
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2bb079bdb495e025afcadfd3930733cc23017451
some 4fe–4s clusters bind substrates and are thus
some 4fe–4s clusters bind substrates and are thus classified as enzyme cofactors. in aconitase, the fe–s cluster binds aconitate at the one fe centre that lacks a thiolate ligand. the cluster does not undergo redox, but serves as a lewis acid catalyst to convert citrate to isocitrate. in radical sam enzymes, the cluste...
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3dd41cc7f35350e0d054bbc5096a146ec00e03e2
in hipip, the cluster shuttles between (fe s)
in hipip, the cluster shuttles between (fe s) and (fe s). the potentials for this redox couple range from 0.4 to 0.1 v. in the bacterial ferredoxins, the pair of oxidation states are (fe s) and (fe s). the potentials for this redox couple range from −0.3 to −0.7 v. the two families of 4fe–4s clusters share the fe s oxi...
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ed946667fc1624150d1a4637fb8e75c66916c086
a common motif features a four iron ions
a common motif features a four iron ions and four sulfide ions placed at the vertices of a cubane-type cluster. the fe centers are typically further coordinated by cysteinyl ligands. the electron-transfer proteins (ferredoxins) may be further subdivided into low-potential (bacterial-type) and high-potential (hipip) fer...
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the rieske proteins contain fe–s clusters that coordinate
the rieske proteins contain fe–s clusters that coordinate as a 2fe–2s structure and can be found in the membrane bound cytochrome bc1 complex iii in the mitochondria of eukaryotes and bacteria. they are also a part of the proteins of the chloroplast such as the cytochrome b f complex in photosynthetic organisms. these ...
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0f19eeee1d1d02e77df6a490afdc69557cd67d81
the simplest polymetallic system, the cluster, is constituted
the simplest polymetallic system, the cluster, is constituted by two iron ions bridged by two sulfide ions and coordinated by four cysteinyl ligands (in fe s ferredoxins) or by two cysteines and two histidines (in rieske proteins). the oxidized proteins contain two fe ions, whereas the reduced proteins contain one fe a...
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029d8f6b4734ce371933a7d1499ae4a493419ccd
the fe 3d orbital energies follow the "inverted"
the fe 3d orbital energies follow the "inverted" bonding scheme which fortuitously has the fe d-orbitals closely matched in energy with the sulfur 3p orbitals, giving high covalency in the resulting bonding molecular orbital. this high covalency lowers the inner sphere reorganization energy and ultimately contributes t...
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external water molecules positioned close to the iron-sulfur
external water molecules positioned close to the iron-sulfur active site reduces covalency; this can be shown by lyophilization experiments where water is removed from the protein. this reduction is because external water hydrogen bonds with cysteine s, decreasing the latter's lone pair electron donation to the fe by p...
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c5bc320503adfca343cd6767d7f7be904543a3ed
fe -sr bonds have unusually high covalency which
fe -sr bonds have unusually high covalency which is expected. when comparing the covalency of fe with the covalency of fe, fe has almost double the covalency of fe (20% to 38.4%). fe is also much more stabilized than fe. hard ions like fe normally have low covalency because of the energy mismatch of the metal lowest un...
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fa3317bca53e3c48361821375b0e27fafe2b4881
iron-sulfur proteins are involved in various biological electron
iron-sulfur proteins are involved in various biological electron transport processes, such as photosynthesis and cellular respiration, which require rapid electron transfer to sustain the energy or biochemical needs of the organism. to serve their various biological roles, iron-sulfur proteins effect rapid electron tra...
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a8a182889640cd52789b98a2661267558feef33a
in almost all fe–s proteins, the fe centers
in almost all fe–s proteins, the fe centers are tetrahedral and the terminal ligands are thiolato sulfur centers from cysteinyl residues. the sulfide groups are either two- or three-coordinated. three distinct kinds of fe–s clusters with these features are most common.
wikipedia
31ba0babbfc12e079d507fae132cd147e2994fe6
iron–sulfur proteins are proteins characterized by the presence
iron–sulfur proteins are proteins characterized by the presence of iron–sulfur clusters containing sulfide -linked di-, tri-, and tetrairon centers in variable oxidation states. iron–sulfur clusters are found in a variety of metalloproteins, such as the ferredoxins, as well as nadh dehydrogenase, hydrogenases, coenzyme...
wikipedia
d4b1580a0926acbceb418c3d9762d13c98c9d47e
jan j. trąbka was a full professor of
jan j. trąbka was a full professor of neurological and computer sciences at the jagiellonian university medical college. he went to the faculty of medicine of the kraków academy of medicine and received his md from the academy of medicine, kraków in 1955 and defended his phd in 1961, thesis entitled "bioelectric activi...
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8553e95325e9f942edf741492d3cab84a8b120f1
jan j. trąbka (21 june 1931 – 27
jan j. trąbka (21 june 1931 – 27 july 2012) was a full professor of neurological and computer sciences at the jagiellonian university medical college. he went to the faculty of medicine of the kraków academy of medicine and received his md from the academy of medicine, kraków in 1955 and defended his phd in 1961, thesi...
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ee80af852461f7bbd665c8be912c9a752830a363
in june 2019, ifwat was called up to
in june 2019, ifwat was called up to the 2022 fifa world cup qualification match against timor-leste where he played the entire match in the second leg of the 2022 fifa world cup qualification – afc first round in a 5–1 win.
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d4951b7cbdccfdc717ae19abfb4ece86c2f99f12
mohd ifwat akmal bin chek kassim (born 10
mohd ifwat akmal bin chek kassim (born 10 august 1996) is a malaysian professional footballer who plays as goalkeeper for malaysia super league club kedah darul aman and the malaysia national team.
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