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in 1985, gust was appointed as the inaugural
in 1985, gust was appointed as the inaugural director of the macfarlane burnet centre for medical research, fairfield hospital, now commonly known as the burnet institute, holding this position until 1991. between 1991 and 2008, gust served as director of research and development for the commonwealth serum laboratories...
wikipedia
0879c0e8d7c054627725d6c2640ecf1ad9c967c0
after an initial residency at the alfred hospital,
after an initial residency at the alfred hospital, gust was appointed as a pathology registrar at the fairfield infectious diseases hospital, melbourne, australia; then spending two years in the united kingdom at the london school of hygiene and tropical medicine and the who regional virus laboratory in glasgow. gust r...
wikipedia
8554249672c136b1a9b471b5dd21de3f13d3a650
ian david gust ao, frcpa, fracp, masm, ft
ian david gust ao, frcpa, fracp, masm, ft (born 15 january 1941) is an australian medical researcher, virologist, and former science administrator. gust's area of work is in the development of drugs and vaccines against viral diseases and he is best known for the development of vaccines against the hepatitis a virus. h...
wikipedia
0b383754248c80b478eb6da1053f875d5fa8aab4
jon paul fiorentino is a canadian poet, novelist,
jon paul fiorentino is a canadian poet, novelist, short story writer, editor, and professor. fiorentino was born and raised in the transcona area of winnipeg, manitoba. in his book of poems, resume drowning, he wrote that because he has resided in transcona, winnipeg, and montreal, he considers all three to be home. he...
wikipedia
229c67c858e25120b5d076e5e12979db88aece92
from 2017 to 2019, fiorentino was under investigation
from 2017 to 2019, fiorentino was under investigation by the university for sexual misconduct in connection to allegations of widespread sexual misconduct and abuse of power in concordia's creative writing program. as of october 2019, fiorentino is no longer employed at concordia. the university confirms that the inves...
wikipedia
dc001646615aea89f1a965e2f889b9c30fa09c2a
fiorentino taught at concordia university in montreal. from
fiorentino taught at concordia university in montreal. from 2010 to 2012, he was an assistant professor (limited-term appointment) of poetry, prose, and screenwriting within the english department for creative writing from 2010 to 2012. fiorentino was a part-time faculty member in the concordia university faculty direc...
wikipedia
68436680774b1226244046ac25f43218f7294a47
stripmalling is fiorentino's first graphic novel, which was
stripmalling is fiorentino's first graphic novel, which was published in 2009. it is a semi-autobiographical, metafictional novel about an aspiring graphic novelist (named jonny) who works at a gasoline station and his journey in writing his novel titled stripmalling. the story is set in transcona, winnipeg. fiorentino...
wikipedia
03fbb6672419c6c37af8dfbdfe3a2c1918ce687c
fiorentino contributed a number of articles in the
fiorentino contributed a number of articles in the huffington post. he wrote "you don't have to be adam lanza's mother to make a statement" on december 18, 2012. his article "will more male athletes come out in 2013?" was published on december 26, 2012. on february 18, 2013, he wrote the article "a film festival first ...
wikipedia
f4675861ecfbbd2d5b6282f1784a859cc8ac935a
fiorentino published a number of articles on huffington
fiorentino published a number of articles on huffington post, national post, and the barnstormer. on june 19, 2012, he wrote and published the article "waiting for morris lukowich" in the barnstormer. fiorentino has also written a couple of articles for the national post. on june 19, 2013, fiorentino wrote "the rhetori...
wikipedia
a4db06186a1a4b080ef82185b8727023d32f557a
"post-prairie poet" is a termed coined by fiorentino
"post-prairie poet" is a termed coined by fiorentino who, with robert kroetsch, edited the collection post-prairie: an anthology of new poetry (2005). in faustus salvador's interview with fiorentino about his book the theory of the loser class, salvador asks fiorentino about the genesis of his book titles. fiorentino e...
wikipedia
b89425791d5cb358bd27429cca74739bacfab8ec
fiorentino studied at the university of winnipeg until
fiorentino studied at the university of winnipeg until 1998. he then moved to montreal, quebec for further studies at concordia university where he received his bachelor of arts in english and creative writing (with honours and distinction) in 2000. he received his master of arts in english literature and creative writ...
wikipedia
03c85535e6b1d5cc6d7abd73a86ab34ca4fcf95c
fiorentino was born and raised in the transcona
fiorentino was born and raised in the transcona area of winnipeg, manitoba. in his book of poems, resume drowning, he wrote that because he has resided in transcona, winnipeg, and montreal, he considers all three to be home. he started writing in winnipeg and moved to montreal to pursue a life in writing in 1999.
wikipedia
5460f3fb8a0c959e8790837925de208084cb2d18
james f. bell iii is a professor of
james f. bell iii is a professor of astronomy at arizona state university, specializing in the study of planetary geology, geochemistry and mineralogy using data obtained from telescopes and from various spacecraft missions. bell's active research has involved the nasa mars pathfinder, near earth asteroid rendezvous (n...
wikipedia
ef20d2804757d0021c9c477718074273e6572314
bell has received a number of awards and
bell has received a number of awards and honors during his career. most recently, he was awarded the 2011 carl sagan medal from the american astronomical society division for planetary sciences, for excellence in public communication in planetary sciences.bell has also received nasa group achievement awards for his par...
wikipedia
7d2436d9cf5b8293c87098ec264137880a888062
bell is an active planetary scientist and has
bell is an active planetary scientist and has been involved in many nasa robotic space exploration missions. as a professional scientist, he has published over 30 first-authored and 140 co-authored scientific research papers and over 400 short abstracts and conference presentations. bell has also written and edited sev...
wikipedia
f26999be5fc7c3892b14baa9d53ede55c33008e3
bell earned his b.s. degree in planetary science
bell earned his b.s. degree in planetary science and aeronautics from the california institute of technology in 1987. he earned his m.s. degree in geology and geophysics in 1989 and his ph.d. in planetary geosciences in 1992 from the university of hawaiʻi at mānoa.
wikipedia
61caf0d14951219da0736d87d4e42fb8cc91bc22
james f. bell iii (born july 23, 1965)
james f. bell iii (born july 23, 1965) is a professor of astronomy at arizona state university, specializing in the study of planetary geology, geochemistry and mineralogy using data obtained from telescopes and from various spacecraft missions. bell's active research has involved the nasa mars pathfinder, near earth a...
wikipedia
2f2a8ebd373db32129ef86b2f6135ded4a84d8eb
james mckeen cattell was the first professor of
james mckeen cattell was the first professor of psychology in the united states, teaching at the university of pennsylvania in philadelphia. he was a long-time editor and publisher of scientific journals and publications, including science, and served on the board of trustees for science service, now known as society f...
wikipedia
6d384b6ed15399af5c3954b41cb5362967dbd053
cattell married josephine owen, the daughter of an
cattell married josephine owen, the daughter of an english merchant, in 1888. their seven children obtained their pre-college educations at home with their parents as instructors. the whole family shared in cattell's editorial work. one daughter, psyche cattell (1893–1989), followed in her father's footsteps, establish...
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c70eb7e37d5c1ea41fc080a6dda7fa7aff75016b
cattell was skeptical of paranormal claims and spiritualism.
cattell was skeptical of paranormal claims and spiritualism. he dismissed leonora piper as a fraud. he was involved in a debate over piper with the psychologist william james in the science journal. he took issue with james's support for psychical research. in a letter to james, cattell wrote that the " society for psy...
wikipedia
07373424b4106f95c191e5271195129f4d2d31d0
cattell was the editor of science for nearly
cattell was the editor of science for nearly 50 years. during that time, he did much to promote psychology as a science by seeing to it that empirical studies in psychology were prominently featured in the journal. on cattell's editorship of science, ludy t. benjamin wrote "there is no denying that it significantly enh...
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b6ef4995505f30a60fe4b199087caa10440b4030
in 1900, cattell purchased popular science monthly from
in 1900, cattell purchased popular science monthly from d. appleton & company. in 1915, the title was purchased from him and became popular science. he, in turn, founded and edited the scientific monthly, which went to the subscribers of the old popular science monthly as a substitute.
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564accdc754f85a7df1a4b883e2ca080077e213c
cattell was well known for his involvement in
cattell was well known for his involvement in creating and editing scientific journals. he was so involved in owning and publishing journals, that his research productivity declined. along with james mark baldwin, he co-founded the journal psychological review. he also acquired the journal science and, within five year...
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9665cabcff3005af3f075585066c80c16a50f0de
between 1883 and 1886, influenced by francis galton,
between 1883 and 1886, influenced by francis galton, cattell published nine articles on human reaction time rates and individual differences. as a professor at the university of pennsylvania, cattell administered a battery of ten tests to student volunteers, and for the first time introduced the term "mental tests" as ...
wikipedia
e4dc788adb4cda409c76d81e091049024a95fc86
cattell's research on individual differences played a significant
cattell's research on individual differences played a significant role in introducing and emphasizing the experimental technique and importance of methodology in experimentation in america. cattell's design of mental tests were influenced by wundt's definition of psychology in regards to the achievements of psychophysi...
wikipedia
9e66b1f5ef57618a233e3e1f266c9b3d250edaa4
cattell believed that he had “inherited ability", but
cattell believed that he had “inherited ability", but he also credited the influence of his environment, saying "it was my fortune to find a birthplace in the sun. a germplasm fairly well compounded met circumstances to which it was unusually fit to react”. cattell's belief in eugenics even motivated him to offer his o...
wikipedia
41c9b4bef77c6ea368ec320e64e8d2358b5c4df4
like many eminent scientists and scholars of the
like many eminent scientists and scholars of the time, cattell's thought was influenced by belief in eugenics, defined as the "applied science or the bio-social movement which advocates the use of practices aimed at improving the genetic composition of a population, usually referring to human populations." cattell's be...
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467b08a08e6f61f91fa96914f63c0c7905ff0e35
in 1917, cattell and english professor henry wadsworth
in 1917, cattell and english professor henry wadsworth longfellow dana, grandson of henry wadsworth longfellow and richard henry dana jr., were fired from columbia university for opposing the united states’ conscription policy during world war i. he later sued the university and won an annuity. in 1921, he used the mon...
wikipedia
fea8901b3bc6e8a1a2a27e78795e1444fe869aeb
from the beginning of his career, cattell worked
from the beginning of his career, cattell worked to establish psychology as a field as worthy of study as any of the hard physical sciences, such as chemistry or physics. he believed that further investigation would reveal that intellect itself could be parsed into standard units of measurements. he also established th...
wikipedia
830e2c2ed64fab32b3f03545f2c6902a3f2f5af6
in 1889, he returned to the u.s. to
in 1889, he returned to the u.s. to become a professor of psychology at the university of pennsylvania. in 1891, he moved to columbia university, where he became department head of psychology, anthropology, and philosophy. in 1895, he was appointed president of the american psychological association. in 1888, he was el...
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149f74bbe26f3fa34e3a3ed75e70ba8c1684f302
after completing his ph.d. with wundt in germany
after completing his ph.d. with wundt in germany in 1886, cattell took up a lecturing post at the university of cambridge in england, and became a fellow of st. john's college at the university of cambridge. he made occasional visits to the u.s., where he gave lectures at bryn mawr college in bryn mawr, pennsylvania, a...
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2032e0ae1bc6f5fd4b6223b9e5bf8d90abc17fe3
the partnership between wundt and cattell proved highly
the partnership between wundt and cattell proved highly productive; the two helped to establish the formal study of intelligence. under wundt, cattell became the first american to publish a dissertation in the field of psychology. the title of his german dissertation was psychometrische untersuchungen (psychometric inv...
wikipedia
bee2a26cda8bdb37ada86bf195277d479ca8e67c
cattell found his calling after arriving in germany
cattell found his calling after arriving in germany for doctoral studies, where he was supervised by wilhelm wundt at university of leipzig. he also studied under hermann lotze at the university of göttingen. an essay on lotze won cattell a fellowship at johns hopkins university in baltimore.
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e153f5486ea47f36674377640bff2071929e0519
cattell entered lafayette college in 1876 at the
cattell entered lafayette college in 1876 at the age of sixteen and graduated in four years with the highest honors. in 1883, the faculty at lafayette awarded him an m.a., again with highest honors. at lafayette, cattell spent most of his time devouring english literature and also showed a gift for mathematics. cattell...
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ed7cbc528a117208262d7604d7eea6cc16f014a0
cattell was born in easton, pennsylvania, on may
cattell was born in easton, pennsylvania, on may 25, 1860, the eldest child of a wealthy and prominent family. his father, william cassady cattell, a presbyterian minister, became president of lafayette college in easton shortly after james' birth. in 1859, william cattell married elizabeth "lizzie" mckeen; together, t...
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b53ac650a171612f08967ba12fb8e2f9a46735c4
cattell was uncompromisingly opposed to american involvement in
cattell was uncompromisingly opposed to american involvement in world war i. his public opposition to the draft led to his dismissal from his position at columbia university, which later led many american universities to establish academic tenure as a means of protecting unpopular beliefs.
wikipedia
8a5662c0aa349685e5492e1bf8d5eaa25b4ca40d
at the beginning of cattell's career, many scientists
at the beginning of cattell's career, many scientists regarded psychology simply as a minor field of study, or as a pseudoscience which is a collection of beliefs or practices regarded as a scientific method when it is not such as phrenology. cattell helped establish psychology as a legitimate science, worthy of study ...
wikipedia
e2a0cfa1cb1f9973cc73d4e8440675e1e1682b51
james mckeen cattell (may 25, 1860 – january
james mckeen cattell (may 25, 1860 – january 20, 1944) was the first professor of psychology in the united states, teaching at the university of pennsylvania in philadelphia. he was a long-time editor and publisher of scientific journals and publications, including science, and served on the board of trustees for scien...
wikipedia
e1d500dec7e40fdb7c89c1456619a741c7804a04
jaroslav korbela (born may 20, 1957, in České
jaroslav korbela (born may 20, 1957, in České budějovice, czechoslovakia) is an ice hockey player who played for the czechoslovak national team. he won a silver medal at the 1984 winter olympics.
wikipedia
13b6918ede4fcc6dedc91045008dac8df416e62b
in physics, the maxwell–jüttner distribution, sometimes called jüttner–synge
in physics, the maxwell–jüttner distribution, sometimes called jüttner–synge distribution, is the distribution of speeds of particles in a hypothetical gas of relativistic particles. similar to the maxwell–boltzmann distribution, the maxwell–jüttner distribution considers a classical ideal gas where the particles are d...
wikipedia
59f8cc9df602e32854ad85d39631d9e8bfecae45
where the first term of the expansion, which
where the first term of the expansion, which is independently of c {\displaystyle c}, corresponds to the average speed in the maxwell–boltzmann distribution, ⟨ v ⟩ mb = 8 π k b t m {\displaystyle \langle v\rangle _{\text{mb}}={\sqrt {{\frac {8}{\pi }}{\frac {k_{\text{b}}t}{m}}\;}}}, whilst the following are relativisti...
wikipedia
fda3e1b3a88357aba9d5debf4d9a7a49b77ebc1c
to find the average speed, ⟨ v ⟩
to find the average speed, ⟨ v ⟩ mj {\displaystyle \langle v\rangle _{\text{mj}}}, one must compute ∫ 1 ∞ pdf mj (γ) v (γ) d γ {\textstyle \int _{1}^{\infty }\operatorname {pdf} _{\text{mj}}(\gamma)\,v(\gamma)\,\mathrm {d} \gamma }, where v (γ) = c 1 − 1 / γ 2 {\textstyle v(\gamma)=c{\sqrt {1-{1}/{\gamma ^{2}}}}} is th...
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b0094e14fb2891a73e1476f440431ac4d94ea021
by definition lim γ → ∞ cdf mj
by definition lim γ → ∞ cdf mj (γ) = 1 {\displaystyle \lim _{\gamma \to \infty }\operatorname {cdf} _{\text{mj}}(\gamma)=1}, regardless of the parameter θ {\displaystyle \theta }.
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0f7133fc98818b4a903373bbfda0a2c0a7a28759
this means that a relativistic non-quantum particle with
this means that a relativistic non-quantum particle with parameter θ {\displaystyle \theta } has a probability of pdf mj (γ) d γ {\displaystyle \operatorname {pdf} _{\text{mj}}(\gamma)\mathrm {d} \gamma } of having its lorentz factor in the interval {\displaystyle }.
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4f9560eccbf3962e1c8c1699a6bb253de574519a
note that when the mb {\displaystyle {\text{mb}}} distribution
note that when the mb {\displaystyle {\text{mb}}} distribution clearly deviates from the mj {\displaystyle {\text{mj}}} distribution of the same temperature and dimensionality, one can misinterpret and deduce a different mb {\displaystyle {\text{mb}}} distribution that will give a good approximation to the mj {\display...
wikipedia
71ae49960e1d34e837cda3ac29a2bef3461b809f
also useful is the expression of the distribution
also useful is the expression of the distribution in the velocity space. given that d (β γ) d β = γ 3 {\displaystyle {\frac {\mathrm {d} (\beta \gamma)}{\mathrm {d} \beta }}=\gamma ^{3}}, one has:
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e21e66e2379200f0ba789e66e09c253f14757337
where b d = 2 π d /
where b d = 2 π d / 2 Γ (d 2) {\displaystyle b_{d}={\frac {2\pi ^{d}/{2}}{\gamma \left({\frac {d}{2}}\right)}}} is the surface of the unit d -dimensional sphere. then, using the identity γ 2 = (p m c) 2 + 1 {\displaystyle \gamma ^{2}=\left({\frac {p}{mc}}\right)^{2}+1} one has:
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417c68c28b06517ad0dd572b6d31bb0630789e8f
now, because e k b t = γ
now, because e k b t = γ θ {\displaystyle {\frac {e}{k_{\text{b}}t}}={\frac {\gamma }{\theta }}}. then, one normalises the distribution eq. (7). one sets
wikipedia
a79e3dcf56e0f6bbeeebd3efecfd9fa326c1f247
then, d (γ β) = γ (γ 2
then, d (γ β) = γ (γ 2 − 1) − 1 2 d γ = β − 1 d γ {\displaystyle \mathrm {d} (\gamma \beta)=\gamma (\gamma ^{2}-1)^{-{\frac {1}{2}}}\mathrm {d} \gamma =\beta ^{-1}\mathrm {d} \gamma } so that:
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36d8fb901098c754bbaa6b291fa2204cceaf2d4b
(note that e {\displaystyle e} is the sum
(note that e {\displaystyle e} is the sum of the kinetic ε {\displaystyle \varepsilon } and inertial energy e 0, ε k b t = γ − 1 θ {\textstyle e_{0},{\frac {\varepsilon }{k_{\text{b}}t}}={\frac {\gamma -\ 1}{\theta }}}). then, when one includes the d {\displaystyle d} -dimensional density of states:
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2622b821dd457dbc11b81f306528bc5e7fa0113f
while the kinetic energy is given by ε
while the kinetic energy is given by ε = e − e 0 = (γ − 1) e 0 {\displaystyle \varepsilon =e-e_{0}=(\gamma -1)\,e_{0}}. the boltzmann distribution of a hamiltonian is pdf mj (h) ∝ e − h k b t. {\displaystyle \operatorname {pdf} _{\text{mj}}(h)\propto e^{-{\frac {h}{k_{\text{b}}t}}}.} in the absence of a potential energ...
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761b2a7d884af25abe3512e71fea8479344d6ff4
where β ≡ u / c {\displaystyle \beta
where β ≡ u / c {\displaystyle \beta \equiv {\mathbf {u} }/{c}} and γ (β) = (1 − β 2) − 1 / 2 {\displaystyle \gamma (\beta)=(1-\beta ^{2})^{-{1}/{2}}}. (note that the inverse of the unitless temperature θ {\displaystyle \theta } is the relativistic coldness ζ {\displaystyle \zeta }, rezzola and zanotti, 2013.) this dis...
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38441707ed5280e46bb1b77d3cffbdf2d8d6c78d
where θ {\displaystyle \theta } is the temperature
where θ {\displaystyle \theta } is the temperature in speed dimensions, called thermal speed, and d denotes the kinetic degrees of freedom of each particle. (note that the temperature is defined in the fluid’s rest frame, where the bulk speed u b {\displaystyle \mathbf {u} _{b}} is zero. in the non-relativistic case, t...
wikipedia
561f63926411d09359ed2e92f3bc0967cf615ad7
the maxwell–boltzmann (mb {\displaystyle {\text{mb}}}) distribution pdf mb
the maxwell–boltzmann (mb {\displaystyle {\text{mb}}}) distribution pdf mb {\displaystyle \operatorname {pdf} _{\text{mb}}} describes the velocities u {\displaystyle \mathbf {u} } or the kinetic energy ε = 1 2 m u 2 {\textstyle \varepsilon ={\frac {1}{2}}m\mathbf {u} ^{2}} of the particles at thermal equilibrium, far f...
wikipedia
a6cb61d55f8efdbc557e3fe1a3d55b6fd73f1465
perhaps most significantly, the basic mb {\displaystyle {\text{mb}}}
perhaps most significantly, the basic mb {\displaystyle {\text{mb}}} distribution has two main issues: it does not extend to particles moving at relativistic speeds, and it assumes anisotropic temperature (where each dof does not have the same translational kinetic energy). while the classic maxwell–jüttner distributio...
wikipedia
b55507079aa5d25041be3e1fbacbefc2f4ef9ab3
if particle-antiparticle creation is allowed, then once the
if particle-antiparticle creation is allowed, then once the thermal energy k b t {\displaystyle k_{\text{b}}t} is a significant fraction of m c 2 {\displaystyle mc^{2}}, particle-antiparticle creation will occur and begin to increase the number of particles while generating antiparticles (the number of particles is not...
wikipedia
352fe258b2d96b60cee407ab9456f77d679e4e1e
some limitations of the maxwell–jüttner distributions are shared
some limitations of the maxwell–jüttner distributions are shared with the classical ideal gas: neglect of interactions, and neglect of quantum effects. an additional limitation (not important in the classical ideal gas) is that the maxwell–jüttner distribution neglects antiparticles.
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88d9010177d347fe234b80d1a32d857cfead42de
where thermal parameter has been defined as μ
where thermal parameter has been defined as μ = m c 2 k b t = 1 θ {\textstyle \mu ={\frac {mc^{2}}{k_{\text{b}}t}}={\frac {1}{\theta }}}.
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e02036459b7230158d3b7451bba33569f91108cd
where γ (p) = 1 + (p m
where γ (p) = 1 + (p m c) 2 {\textstyle \gamma (p)={\sqrt {1+\left({\frac {p}{mc}}\right)^{2}}}}. the maxwell–jüttner equation is covariant, but not manifestly so, and the temperature of the gas does not vary with the gross speed of the gas.
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622d2e44978ea459ef0caef06899c1f4f3d57970
where β = v c = 1 −
where β = v c = 1 − 1 / γ 2, {\textstyle \beta ={\frac {v}{c}}={\sqrt {1-1/\gamma ^{2}}},} θ = k b t m c 2, {\textstyle \theta ={\frac {k_{\text{b}}t}{mc^{2}}},} and k 2 {\displaystyle \operatorname {k} _{2}} is the modified bessel function of the second kind.
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2afbf1ee33990ba52a814972a3eb7bc50dec65b3
as the gas becomes hotter and k b
as the gas becomes hotter and k b t {\displaystyle k_{\text{b}}t} approaches or exceeds m c 2 {\displaystyle mc^{2}}, the probability distribution for γ = 1 / 1 − v 2 / c 2 {\textstyle \gamma =1/{\sqrt {1-v^{2}/c^{2}}}} in this relativistic maxwellian gas is given by the maxwell–jüttner distribution:
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f76eb5bd352b468793ad9b2cb6d67f3bfbe5f218
the distribution can be attributed to ferencz jüttner,
the distribution can be attributed to ferencz jüttner, who derived it in 1911. it has become known as the maxwell–jüttner distribution by analogy to the name maxwell–boltzmann distribution that is commonly used to refer to maxwell's or maxwellian distribution.
wikipedia
38f7ef1a15c14fe02a716b7be4b90d6461c52a84
in physics, the maxwell–jüttner distribution, sometimes called jüttner–synge
in physics, the maxwell–jüttner distribution, sometimes called jüttner–synge distribution, is the distribution of speeds of particles in a hypothetical gas of relativistic particles. similar to the maxwell–boltzmann distribution, the maxwell–jüttner distribution considers a classical ideal gas where the particles are d...
wikipedia
bc7112bac5ec597cf30593cfc14482cfe7386e4a
a hollinger box, also known as a "document
a hollinger box, also known as a "document box" or "archives box," is a specially constructed cardboard box used in archives for preservation of documents and photographs. the term "hollinger" refers to the manufacturer, hollinger metal edge, a company founded in 1945 in arlington, virginia. hollinger metal edge worked...
wikipedia
2e18a2f082fc4216a475331d533ac3939663bef3
the society of american archivists defines it as
the society of american archivists defines it as a "container that holds folders containing paper documents vertically and that measures roughly 10 inches high, 12 or 15 inches wide, and 6 or 3 inches deep, and that usually has an integral top hinge at the upper back."
wikipedia
e4e42c49475f7fd76d00d416dfe48de2b3a37a42
a hollinger box, also known as a "document
a hollinger box, also known as a "document box" or "archives box," is a specially constructed cardboard box used in archives for preservation of documents and photographs. the term "hollinger" refers to the manufacturer, hollinger metal edge, a company founded in 1945 in arlington, virginia. hollinger metal edge worked...
wikipedia
3173d5e544d2a595dc0c181c03774e5102b21e05
the maslenica bridge is a deck arch bridge
the maslenica bridge is a deck arch bridge carrying the d8 state road spanning the novsko Ždrilo strait of the adriatic sea approximately 1 km (0.62 mi) to the west of the settlement of maslenica, croatia and 500 m (1,600 ft) south of the d54 and d8 state roads junction. it was built in 2005 on a site of a similar brid...
wikipedia
9711ace6e1025786ca98fec05eb560aa7daf2037
traffic on the state roads in croatia is
traffic on the state roads in croatia is regularly counted and reported by hrvatske ceste, operator of the state roads. there is no actual traffic count performed at the maslenica bridge itself, however hrvatske ceste operate a counting station which covers a section of the d8 state road adjacent to the d8 and d54 junc...
wikipedia
5dc60de01aebb06ad2d77b861683e6d311b41af2
as another, reinforced concrete arch bridge, carrying the
as another, reinforced concrete arch bridge, carrying the croatian a1 motorway, was constructed in 1997 approximately 1.5 km (0.93 mi) away from the site of the original maslenica bridge it was given the same name, maslenica bridge. therefore, both bridges are confusingly called both "old" and "new" maslenica bridge.
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d1bd18702d636ac30bcc4124f92161c53287df5a
the construction (or rather reconstruction) costs were 59.8
the construction (or rather reconstruction) costs were 59.8 million croatian kuna, while removal of the remains of the original bridge required additional 2.2 million kuna. at the opening ceremony it was declared that the reconstructed maslenica bridge would also serve as an alternative route to be used during periods ...
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df46bba949c36a212ab562559010b3a3b0fe778d
in 2003 hrvatske ceste started tender procedure regarding
in 2003 hrvatske ceste started tender procedure regarding reconstruction of the maslenica bridge in its original form. the remains of the original bridge left over were pier foundations (some of them shifted or damaged) and the southern abutment. the reconstruction design was based on the original construction designs ...
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38b4b0793467b883add7722353499ee59bc4ce55
the bridge was executed atop barges and served
the bridge was executed atop barges and served as the only road link between zagreb and split (that did not require use of ferries or occupied territories) between 1993 and 1995. the pontoon bridge was repeatedly attacked by artillery causing occasional damage or even sinking of individual barges which were subsequentl...
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5d5b00889cf158fc23403bc423883ef65028007b
in july 1993, as control of the bridge
in july 1993, as control of the bridge general area was restored to the republic of croatia, a pontoon bridge was completed near the location of destroyed maslenica bridge in order to restore the road route linking the croatian capital and dalmatia.
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3c46d9f7029672a1868b01fd7e50afef44a54796
the bridge was destroyed by explosives on 21
the bridge was destroyed by explosives on 21 november 1991 during the croatian war of independence. prior to its demolition it represented the last road link between zagreb and split left intact within the territory controlled by the government of the republic of croatia thereby being of immense importance.
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7b99c158d52bbcb3e23aed21a2137edf2f58a56f
the original maslenica bridge was designed by vojislav
the original maslenica bridge was designed by vojislav draganić of inženjerski projektni zavod (ipz) between 1955 and 1960. by 1989, wear caused by heavy traffic and inadequate maintenance became significant, including cracks on the cross-girders and a pier. that led to a half-year-long suspension of freight traffic ac...
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e8b32e14bcc6b6a377369a4741cf51336001a580
the bridge is 315.3-metre (1,034 ft) long, measured
the bridge is 315.3-metre (1,034 ft) long, measured between the abutments, comprising a steel arch supporting a reinforced concrete deck executed as a continuous girder across 17 spans: 17.52 m (57.5 ft) + 2 x 19.71 m (64.7 ft) + 19.68 m (64.6 ft) + 7 x 17.52 m (57.5 ft) + 19.68 m (64.6 ft) + 4 x 19.71 m (64.7 ft) + 17...
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85917779062cab2c51c96a6ee2f3bc2dfcceff99
the maslenica bridge (croatian: most maslenica, also known
the maslenica bridge (croatian: most maslenica, also known as croatian: maslenički most) is a deck arch bridge carrying the d8 state road spanning the novsko Ždrilo strait of the adriatic sea approximately 1 km (0.62 mi) to the west of the settlement of maslenica, croatia and 500 m (1,600 ft) south of the d54 and d8 st...
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f44d645689b12a91a33410815662798b34ff2c10
in mathematics, the minkowski–steiner formula is a formula
in mathematics, the minkowski–steiner formula is a formula relating the surface area and volume of compact subsets of euclidean space. more precisely, it defines the surface area as the "derivative" of enclosed volume in an appropriate sense. the minkowski–steiner formula is used, together with the brunn–minkowski theo...
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f2f0b287c2ea9d278cf98df2f54f9948eca31a13
taking a = b r ¯ {\displaystyle a={\overline
taking a = b r ¯ {\displaystyle a={\overline {b_{r}}}} gives the following well-known formula for the surface area of the sphere of radius r {\displaystyle r}, s r:= ∂ b r {\displaystyle s_{r}:=\partial b_{r}}:
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849bcf1b66ff46d98fdb10a377ee63ed160ae8ed
where the λ i {\displaystyle \lambda _{i}} are
where the λ i {\displaystyle \lambda _{i}} are some continuous functions of a {\displaystyle a} (see quermassintegrals) and ω n {\displaystyle \omega _{n}} denotes the measure (volume) of the unit ball in r n {\displaystyle \mathbb {r} ^{n}}:
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ac346c72806dab970593bddd5d84bf8c6954fa0b
for "sufficiently regular" sets a {\displaystyle a}, the
for "sufficiently regular" sets a {\displaystyle a}, the quantity λ (∂ a) {\displaystyle \lambda (\partial a)} does indeed correspond with the (n − 1) {\displaystyle (n-1)} -dimensional measure of the boundary ∂ a {\displaystyle \partial a} of a {\displaystyle a}. see federer (1969) for a full treatment of this problem...
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b92e72218137b278ddff0b21df1da850a0802256
let n ≥ 2 {\displaystyle n\geq 2}, and
let n ≥ 2 {\displaystyle n\geq 2}, and let a ⊊ r n {\displaystyle a\subsetneq \mathbb {r} ^{n}} be a compact set. let μ (a) {\displaystyle \mu (a)} denote the lebesgue measure (volume) of a {\displaystyle a}. define the quantity λ (∂ a) {\displaystyle \lambda (\partial a)} by the minkowski–steiner formula
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dfaa2dd255e53e8ce5167240a93c984ccc448451
in mathematics, the minkowski–steiner formula is a formula
in mathematics, the minkowski–steiner formula is a formula relating the surface area and volume of compact subsets of euclidean space. more precisely, it defines the surface area as the "derivative" of enclosed volume in an appropriate sense.
wikipedia
8df39deb29c92c85b4b862e694ab06730ee2ad30
methylecgonine cinnamate is a natural tropane alkaloid found
methylecgonine cinnamate is a natural tropane alkaloid found within the coca plant. its more common name, cinnamoylcocaine, reflects its close structural similarity to cocaine. it is pharmacologically inactive, but some studies funded by anti-drug agencies imply that it is active when smoked. furthermore, the discovery...
wikipedia
8df39deb29c92c85b4b862e694ab06730ee2ad30
methylecgonine cinnamate is a natural tropane alkaloid found
methylecgonine cinnamate is a natural tropane alkaloid found within the coca plant. its more common name, cinnamoylcocaine, reflects its close structural similarity to cocaine. it is pharmacologically inactive, but some studies funded by anti-drug agencies imply that it is active when smoked. furthermore, the discovery...
wikipedia
ac7842de5498cb9deb3f79230c6b4cfeb54a19e8
judith bleich is a professor of judaic studies
judith bleich is a professor of judaic studies at touro college in manhattan. she specializes in the nineteenth-century development of reform and neo-orthodoxy in the wake of the enlightenment and emancipation, and has written extensively on modern jewish history. she is also a member of the steering committee for the ...
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7d7d8404f35efd719ded516003cf97eb5d3983e8
bleich earned her bachelor's degree and bachelor of
bleich earned her bachelor's degree and bachelor of religious education from stern college. she earned her master's degree from yeshiva university. she earned her doctorate from new york university in 1974 with her dissertation jacob ettlinger, his life and works: the emergence of modern orthodoxy in germany.
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8d555802ba51db89d8658a64e86c8b1dea49c489
judith bleich (born 1938) is a professor of
judith bleich (born 1938) is a professor of judaic studies at touro college in manhattan. she specializes in the nineteenth-century development of reform and neo-orthodoxy in the wake of the enlightenment and emancipation, and has written extensively on modern jewish history. she is also a member of the steering commit...
wikipedia
e1dbed51edcd5c81275ab1f4be08f13ad76d0565
magnus john thorsteinson was a canadian professional ice
magnus john thorsteinson was a canadian professional ice hockey right winger who played 4 games in the national hockey league for the new york americans during the 1932–33 season. the rest of his career, which lasted from 1922 to 1935, was spent in various minor leagues.
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ebfd4f7821eab6b5f789c246c81a8845e9d4272b
magnus john thorsteinson (march 19, 1905 — august
magnus john thorsteinson (march 19, 1905 — august 24, 1948) was a canadian professional ice hockey right winger who played 4 games in the national hockey league for the new york americans during the 1932–33 season. the rest of his career, which lasted from 1922 to 1935, was spent in various minor leagues.
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f94776928264772ee306362b0ecadbc48ab34866
icilio guareschi was an italian chemist. icilio guareschi
icilio guareschi was an italian chemist. icilio guareschi studied at the university of bologna and received his ph.d there in 1871. he became professor at the university of siena and in 1879 at the university of turin, where he worked until his death in 1918. guareschi worked in the field of organic chemistry, pharmacy...
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952ba5049b8b575cb10f72d81a8d3329b536c3ed
guareschi worked in the field of organic chemistry,
guareschi worked in the field of organic chemistry, pharmacy, toxicology and the history and chemistry. in 1894 he discovered a reaction to synthesise 2-pyridones, today known as the guareschi-thorpe condensation.
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08408c8e8073f4fd29da215ede103deb0a4f5465
icilio guareschi studied at the university of bologna
icilio guareschi studied at the university of bologna and received his ph.d there in 1871. he became professor at the university of siena and in 1879 at the university of turin, where he worked until his death in 1918.
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151820c414cd6cc8481116fd88297904695e15dc
the heterometallic copper-aluminum superatom is a mackay‐type cluster
the heterometallic copper-aluminum superatom is a mackay‐type cluster with formula [cu43al12](cp*)12. it is an open‐shell 67‐electron superatom. at the time of its synthesis, it was the largest superatom to be synthesized. its two distinct features are its large electron count compared to other heterometallic superatom...
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e5b781ac148ac8e3de694297def267fa7f343179
fischer's lab team designed the material by building
fischer's lab team designed the material by building compounds made of individual copper and aluminum atoms. for this superatom, a mixture of aluminium atoms complexed with pentamethylcyclopentadiene (cp*) and copper atoms complexed with mesitylene (mes) were combined in an inert atmosphere.
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eaf495071b7e7c8595eaae7c1037d9321944974d
this is the very first example of a
this is the very first example of a ligated heterometallic mackay-type cluster, which is an extremely complex crystal structure whose surface is composed of two-shell 20 equilateral triangles composed of 55 copper and aluminum atoms. this shape is also called an icosahedron. the 43 copper and 12 aluminum atoms form a s...
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75b67bd6e68cb05d6668f22fda69d5624484d5cd
marcel boll was a french scientist, sociologist, philosopher,
marcel boll was a french scientist, sociologist, philosopher, educator, scientific journalist, and a founding member (1930) of the rationalist union. boll was one of the most prolific contributors of articles to les cahiers rationalistes and raison présente, two journals published by the rationalist union. he was one o...
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c6f9c6823869fdfb97cc1cefa8ecd7ff7a4a4ecd
boll edited works by various members of the
boll edited works by various members of the vienna circle and the berlin circle (german: die berliner gruppe), including works by philosophers moritz schlick, rudolf carnap, philipp frank, and hans reichenbach. the translations of these works were made by others.
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b7393396a8a9283c67a4f6a3d3a7d9d41f6fd656
he had a brother named andré boll (1896-1983).
he had a brother named andré boll (1896-1983). in the 1930s through the 1950s, marcel and andré tried to launch a cultural movement inspired by neopositivist scientific, philosophical, and sociological insights. the goal of this movement was the establishment of modernism, rationalism, and scientism in all areas of soc...
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2470314173066c11b75a165e13f2822372a881f0
boll was born in the 18th arrondissement of
boll was born in the 18th arrondissement of paris (butte-montmartre, paris), and died in palais-bourbon, paris (the 7th arrondissement of paris). he was a son of a councilor of the council of paris. in 1910 marcel was approved to sit for the examination known as the agrégation de sciences physiques at the espci paris (...
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