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1687685a55d02b4ab938a00356138fc8d3d3080b | in 1985, gust was appointed as the inaugural | in 1985, gust was appointed as the inaugural director of the macfarlane burnet centre for medical research, fairfield hospital, now commonly known as the burnet institute, holding this position until 1991. between 1991 and 2008, gust served as director of research and development for the commonwealth serum laboratories... | wikipedia |
0879c0e8d7c054627725d6c2640ecf1ad9c967c0 | after an initial residency at the alfred hospital, | after an initial residency at the alfred hospital, gust was appointed as a pathology registrar at the fairfield infectious diseases hospital, melbourne, australia; then spending two years in the united kingdom at the london school of hygiene and tropical medicine and the who regional virus laboratory in glasgow. gust r... | wikipedia |
8554249672c136b1a9b471b5dd21de3f13d3a650 | ian david gust ao, frcpa, fracp, masm, ft | ian david gust ao, frcpa, fracp, masm, ft (born 15 january 1941) is an australian medical researcher, virologist, and former science administrator. gust's area of work is in the development of drugs and vaccines against viral diseases and he is best known for the development of vaccines against the hepatitis a virus. h... | wikipedia |
0b383754248c80b478eb6da1053f875d5fa8aab4 | jon paul fiorentino is a canadian poet, novelist, | jon paul fiorentino is a canadian poet, novelist, short story writer, editor, and professor. fiorentino was born and raised in the transcona area of winnipeg, manitoba. in his book of poems, resume drowning, he wrote that because he has resided in transcona, winnipeg, and montreal, he considers all three to be home. he... | wikipedia |
229c67c858e25120b5d076e5e12979db88aece92 | from 2017 to 2019, fiorentino was under investigation | from 2017 to 2019, fiorentino was under investigation by the university for sexual misconduct in connection to allegations of widespread sexual misconduct and abuse of power in concordia's creative writing program. as of october 2019, fiorentino is no longer employed at concordia. the university confirms that the inves... | wikipedia |
dc001646615aea89f1a965e2f889b9c30fa09c2a | fiorentino taught at concordia university in montreal. from | fiorentino taught at concordia university in montreal. from 2010 to 2012, he was an assistant professor (limited-term appointment) of poetry, prose, and screenwriting within the english department for creative writing from 2010 to 2012. fiorentino was a part-time faculty member in the concordia university faculty direc... | wikipedia |
68436680774b1226244046ac25f43218f7294a47 | stripmalling is fiorentino's first graphic novel, which was | stripmalling is fiorentino's first graphic novel, which was published in 2009. it is a semi-autobiographical, metafictional novel about an aspiring graphic novelist (named jonny) who works at a gasoline station and his journey in writing his novel titled stripmalling. the story is set in transcona, winnipeg. fiorentino... | wikipedia |
03fbb6672419c6c37af8dfbdfe3a2c1918ce687c | fiorentino contributed a number of articles in the | fiorentino contributed a number of articles in the huffington post. he wrote "you don't have to be adam lanza's mother to make a statement" on december 18, 2012. his article "will more male athletes come out in 2013?" was published on december 26, 2012. on february 18, 2013, he wrote the article "a film festival first ... | wikipedia |
f4675861ecfbbd2d5b6282f1784a859cc8ac935a | fiorentino published a number of articles on huffington | fiorentino published a number of articles on huffington post, national post, and the barnstormer. on june 19, 2012, he wrote and published the article "waiting for morris lukowich" in the barnstormer. fiorentino has also written a couple of articles for the national post. on june 19, 2013, fiorentino wrote "the rhetori... | wikipedia |
a4db06186a1a4b080ef82185b8727023d32f557a | "post-prairie poet" is a termed coined by fiorentino | "post-prairie poet" is a termed coined by fiorentino who, with robert kroetsch, edited the collection post-prairie: an anthology of new poetry (2005). in faustus salvador's interview with fiorentino about his book the theory of the loser class, salvador asks fiorentino about the genesis of his book titles. fiorentino e... | wikipedia |
b89425791d5cb358bd27429cca74739bacfab8ec | fiorentino studied at the university of winnipeg until | fiorentino studied at the university of winnipeg until 1998. he then moved to montreal, quebec for further studies at concordia university where he received his bachelor of arts in english and creative writing (with honours and distinction) in 2000. he received his master of arts in english literature and creative writ... | wikipedia |
03c85535e6b1d5cc6d7abd73a86ab34ca4fcf95c | fiorentino was born and raised in the transcona | fiorentino was born and raised in the transcona area of winnipeg, manitoba. in his book of poems, resume drowning, he wrote that because he has resided in transcona, winnipeg, and montreal, he considers all three to be home. he started writing in winnipeg and moved to montreal to pursue a life in writing in 1999. | wikipedia |
5460f3fb8a0c959e8790837925de208084cb2d18 | james f. bell iii is a professor of | james f. bell iii is a professor of astronomy at arizona state university, specializing in the study of planetary geology, geochemistry and mineralogy using data obtained from telescopes and from various spacecraft missions. bell's active research has involved the nasa mars pathfinder, near earth asteroid rendezvous (n... | wikipedia |
ef20d2804757d0021c9c477718074273e6572314 | bell has received a number of awards and | bell has received a number of awards and honors during his career. most recently, he was awarded the 2011 carl sagan medal from the american astronomical society division for planetary sciences, for excellence in public communication in planetary sciences.bell has also received nasa group achievement awards for his par... | wikipedia |
7d2436d9cf5b8293c87098ec264137880a888062 | bell is an active planetary scientist and has | bell is an active planetary scientist and has been involved in many nasa robotic space exploration missions. as a professional scientist, he has published over 30 first-authored and 140 co-authored scientific research papers and over 400 short abstracts and conference presentations. bell has also written and edited sev... | wikipedia |
f26999be5fc7c3892b14baa9d53ede55c33008e3 | bell earned his b.s. degree in planetary science | bell earned his b.s. degree in planetary science and aeronautics from the california institute of technology in 1987. he earned his m.s. degree in geology and geophysics in 1989 and his ph.d. in planetary geosciences in 1992 from the university of hawaiʻi at mānoa. | wikipedia |
61caf0d14951219da0736d87d4e42fb8cc91bc22 | james f. bell iii (born july 23, 1965) | james f. bell iii (born july 23, 1965) is a professor of astronomy at arizona state university, specializing in the study of planetary geology, geochemistry and mineralogy using data obtained from telescopes and from various spacecraft missions. bell's active research has involved the nasa mars pathfinder, near earth a... | wikipedia |
2f2a8ebd373db32129ef86b2f6135ded4a84d8eb | james mckeen cattell was the first professor of | james mckeen cattell was the first professor of psychology in the united states, teaching at the university of pennsylvania in philadelphia. he was a long-time editor and publisher of scientific journals and publications, including science, and served on the board of trustees for science service, now known as society f... | wikipedia |
6d384b6ed15399af5c3954b41cb5362967dbd053 | cattell married josephine owen, the daughter of an | cattell married josephine owen, the daughter of an english merchant, in 1888. their seven children obtained their pre-college educations at home with their parents as instructors. the whole family shared in cattell's editorial work. one daughter, psyche cattell (1893–1989), followed in her father's footsteps, establish... | wikipedia |
c70eb7e37d5c1ea41fc080a6dda7fa7aff75016b | cattell was skeptical of paranormal claims and spiritualism. | cattell was skeptical of paranormal claims and spiritualism. he dismissed leonora piper as a fraud. he was involved in a debate over piper with the psychologist william james in the science journal. he took issue with james's support for psychical research. in a letter to james, cattell wrote that the " society for psy... | wikipedia |
07373424b4106f95c191e5271195129f4d2d31d0 | cattell was the editor of science for nearly | cattell was the editor of science for nearly 50 years. during that time, he did much to promote psychology as a science by seeing to it that empirical studies in psychology were prominently featured in the journal. on cattell's editorship of science, ludy t. benjamin wrote "there is no denying that it significantly enh... | wikipedia |
b6ef4995505f30a60fe4b199087caa10440b4030 | in 1900, cattell purchased popular science monthly from | in 1900, cattell purchased popular science monthly from d. appleton & company. in 1915, the title was purchased from him and became popular science. he, in turn, founded and edited the scientific monthly, which went to the subscribers of the old popular science monthly as a substitute. | wikipedia |
564accdc754f85a7df1a4b883e2ca080077e213c | cattell was well known for his involvement in | cattell was well known for his involvement in creating and editing scientific journals. he was so involved in owning and publishing journals, that his research productivity declined. along with james mark baldwin, he co-founded the journal psychological review. he also acquired the journal science and, within five year... | wikipedia |
9665cabcff3005af3f075585066c80c16a50f0de | between 1883 and 1886, influenced by francis galton, | between 1883 and 1886, influenced by francis galton, cattell published nine articles on human reaction time rates and individual differences. as a professor at the university of pennsylvania, cattell administered a battery of ten tests to student volunteers, and for the first time introduced the term "mental tests" as ... | wikipedia |
e4dc788adb4cda409c76d81e091049024a95fc86 | cattell's research on individual differences played a significant | cattell's research on individual differences played a significant role in introducing and emphasizing the experimental technique and importance of methodology in experimentation in america. cattell's design of mental tests were influenced by wundt's definition of psychology in regards to the achievements of psychophysi... | wikipedia |
9e66b1f5ef57618a233e3e1f266c9b3d250edaa4 | cattell believed that he had “inherited ability", but | cattell believed that he had “inherited ability", but he also credited the influence of his environment, saying "it was my fortune to find a birthplace in the sun. a germplasm fairly well compounded met circumstances to which it was unusually fit to react”. cattell's belief in eugenics even motivated him to offer his o... | wikipedia |
41c9b4bef77c6ea368ec320e64e8d2358b5c4df4 | like many eminent scientists and scholars of the | like many eminent scientists and scholars of the time, cattell's thought was influenced by belief in eugenics, defined as the "applied science or the bio-social movement which advocates the use of practices aimed at improving the genetic composition of a population, usually referring to human populations." cattell's be... | wikipedia |
467b08a08e6f61f91fa96914f63c0c7905ff0e35 | in 1917, cattell and english professor henry wadsworth | in 1917, cattell and english professor henry wadsworth longfellow dana, grandson of henry wadsworth longfellow and richard henry dana jr., were fired from columbia university for opposing the united states’ conscription policy during world war i. he later sued the university and won an annuity. in 1921, he used the mon... | wikipedia |
fea8901b3bc6e8a1a2a27e78795e1444fe869aeb | from the beginning of his career, cattell worked | from the beginning of his career, cattell worked to establish psychology as a field as worthy of study as any of the hard physical sciences, such as chemistry or physics. he believed that further investigation would reveal that intellect itself could be parsed into standard units of measurements. he also established th... | wikipedia |
830e2c2ed64fab32b3f03545f2c6902a3f2f5af6 | in 1889, he returned to the u.s. to | in 1889, he returned to the u.s. to become a professor of psychology at the university of pennsylvania. in 1891, he moved to columbia university, where he became department head of psychology, anthropology, and philosophy. in 1895, he was appointed president of the american psychological association. in 1888, he was el... | wikipedia |
149f74bbe26f3fa34e3a3ed75e70ba8c1684f302 | after completing his ph.d. with wundt in germany | after completing his ph.d. with wundt in germany in 1886, cattell took up a lecturing post at the university of cambridge in england, and became a fellow of st. john's college at the university of cambridge. he made occasional visits to the u.s., where he gave lectures at bryn mawr college in bryn mawr, pennsylvania, a... | wikipedia |
2032e0ae1bc6f5fd4b6223b9e5bf8d90abc17fe3 | the partnership between wundt and cattell proved highly | the partnership between wundt and cattell proved highly productive; the two helped to establish the formal study of intelligence. under wundt, cattell became the first american to publish a dissertation in the field of psychology. the title of his german dissertation was psychometrische untersuchungen (psychometric inv... | wikipedia |
bee2a26cda8bdb37ada86bf195277d479ca8e67c | cattell found his calling after arriving in germany | cattell found his calling after arriving in germany for doctoral studies, where he was supervised by wilhelm wundt at university of leipzig. he also studied under hermann lotze at the university of göttingen. an essay on lotze won cattell a fellowship at johns hopkins university in baltimore. | wikipedia |
e153f5486ea47f36674377640bff2071929e0519 | cattell entered lafayette college in 1876 at the | cattell entered lafayette college in 1876 at the age of sixteen and graduated in four years with the highest honors. in 1883, the faculty at lafayette awarded him an m.a., again with highest honors. at lafayette, cattell spent most of his time devouring english literature and also showed a gift for mathematics. cattell... | wikipedia |
ed7cbc528a117208262d7604d7eea6cc16f014a0 | cattell was born in easton, pennsylvania, on may | cattell was born in easton, pennsylvania, on may 25, 1860, the eldest child of a wealthy and prominent family. his father, william cassady cattell, a presbyterian minister, became president of lafayette college in easton shortly after james' birth. in 1859, william cattell married elizabeth "lizzie" mckeen; together, t... | wikipedia |
b53ac650a171612f08967ba12fb8e2f9a46735c4 | cattell was uncompromisingly opposed to american involvement in | cattell was uncompromisingly opposed to american involvement in world war i. his public opposition to the draft led to his dismissal from his position at columbia university, which later led many american universities to establish academic tenure as a means of protecting unpopular beliefs. | wikipedia |
8a5662c0aa349685e5492e1bf8d5eaa25b4ca40d | at the beginning of cattell's career, many scientists | at the beginning of cattell's career, many scientists regarded psychology simply as a minor field of study, or as a pseudoscience which is a collection of beliefs or practices regarded as a scientific method when it is not such as phrenology. cattell helped establish psychology as a legitimate science, worthy of study ... | wikipedia |
e2a0cfa1cb1f9973cc73d4e8440675e1e1682b51 | james mckeen cattell (may 25, 1860 – january | james mckeen cattell (may 25, 1860 – january 20, 1944) was the first professor of psychology in the united states, teaching at the university of pennsylvania in philadelphia. he was a long-time editor and publisher of scientific journals and publications, including science, and served on the board of trustees for scien... | wikipedia |
e1d500dec7e40fdb7c89c1456619a741c7804a04 | jaroslav korbela (born may 20, 1957, in České | jaroslav korbela (born may 20, 1957, in České budějovice, czechoslovakia) is an ice hockey player who played for the czechoslovak national team. he won a silver medal at the 1984 winter olympics. | wikipedia |
13b6918ede4fcc6dedc91045008dac8df416e62b | in physics, the maxwell–jüttner distribution, sometimes called jüttner–synge | in physics, the maxwell–jüttner distribution, sometimes called jüttner–synge distribution, is the distribution of speeds of particles in a hypothetical gas of relativistic particles. similar to the maxwell–boltzmann distribution, the maxwell–jüttner distribution considers a classical ideal gas where the particles are d... | wikipedia |
59f8cc9df602e32854ad85d39631d9e8bfecae45 | where the first term of the expansion, which | where the first term of the expansion, which is independently of c {\displaystyle c}, corresponds to the average speed in the maxwell–boltzmann distribution, ⟨ v ⟩ mb = 8 π k b t m {\displaystyle \langle v\rangle _{\text{mb}}={\sqrt {{\frac {8}{\pi }}{\frac {k_{\text{b}}t}{m}}\;}}}, whilst the following are relativisti... | wikipedia |
fda3e1b3a88357aba9d5debf4d9a7a49b77ebc1c | to find the average speed, ⟨ v ⟩ | to find the average speed, ⟨ v ⟩ mj {\displaystyle \langle v\rangle _{\text{mj}}}, one must compute ∫ 1 ∞ pdf mj (γ) v (γ) d γ {\textstyle \int _{1}^{\infty }\operatorname {pdf} _{\text{mj}}(\gamma)\,v(\gamma)\,\mathrm {d} \gamma }, where v (γ) = c 1 − 1 / γ 2 {\textstyle v(\gamma)=c{\sqrt {1-{1}/{\gamma ^{2}}}}} is th... | wikipedia |
b0094e14fb2891a73e1476f440431ac4d94ea021 | by definition lim γ → ∞ cdf mj | by definition lim γ → ∞ cdf mj (γ) = 1 {\displaystyle \lim _{\gamma \to \infty }\operatorname {cdf} _{\text{mj}}(\gamma)=1}, regardless of the parameter θ {\displaystyle \theta }. | wikipedia |
0f7133fc98818b4a903373bbfda0a2c0a7a28759 | this means that a relativistic non-quantum particle with | this means that a relativistic non-quantum particle with parameter θ {\displaystyle \theta } has a probability of pdf mj (γ) d γ {\displaystyle \operatorname {pdf} _{\text{mj}}(\gamma)\mathrm {d} \gamma } of having its lorentz factor in the interval {\displaystyle }. | wikipedia |
4f9560eccbf3962e1c8c1699a6bb253de574519a | note that when the mb {\displaystyle {\text{mb}}} distribution | note that when the mb {\displaystyle {\text{mb}}} distribution clearly deviates from the mj {\displaystyle {\text{mj}}} distribution of the same temperature and dimensionality, one can misinterpret and deduce a different mb {\displaystyle {\text{mb}}} distribution that will give a good approximation to the mj {\display... | wikipedia |
71ae49960e1d34e837cda3ac29a2bef3461b809f | also useful is the expression of the distribution | also useful is the expression of the distribution in the velocity space. given that d (β γ) d β = γ 3 {\displaystyle {\frac {\mathrm {d} (\beta \gamma)}{\mathrm {d} \beta }}=\gamma ^{3}}, one has: | wikipedia |
e21e66e2379200f0ba789e66e09c253f14757337 | where b d = 2 π d / | where b d = 2 π d / 2 Γ (d 2) {\displaystyle b_{d}={\frac {2\pi ^{d}/{2}}{\gamma \left({\frac {d}{2}}\right)}}} is the surface of the unit d -dimensional sphere. then, using the identity γ 2 = (p m c) 2 + 1 {\displaystyle \gamma ^{2}=\left({\frac {p}{mc}}\right)^{2}+1} one has: | wikipedia |
417c68c28b06517ad0dd572b6d31bb0630789e8f | now, because e k b t = γ | now, because e k b t = γ θ {\displaystyle {\frac {e}{k_{\text{b}}t}}={\frac {\gamma }{\theta }}}. then, one normalises the distribution eq. (7). one sets | wikipedia |
a79e3dcf56e0f6bbeeebd3efecfd9fa326c1f247 | then, d (γ β) = γ (γ 2 | then, d (γ β) = γ (γ 2 − 1) − 1 2 d γ = β − 1 d γ {\displaystyle \mathrm {d} (\gamma \beta)=\gamma (\gamma ^{2}-1)^{-{\frac {1}{2}}}\mathrm {d} \gamma =\beta ^{-1}\mathrm {d} \gamma } so that: | wikipedia |
36d8fb901098c754bbaa6b291fa2204cceaf2d4b | (note that e {\displaystyle e} is the sum | (note that e {\displaystyle e} is the sum of the kinetic ε {\displaystyle \varepsilon } and inertial energy e 0, ε k b t = γ − 1 θ {\textstyle e_{0},{\frac {\varepsilon }{k_{\text{b}}t}}={\frac {\gamma -\ 1}{\theta }}}). then, when one includes the d {\displaystyle d} -dimensional density of states: | wikipedia |
2622b821dd457dbc11b81f306528bc5e7fa0113f | while the kinetic energy is given by ε | while the kinetic energy is given by ε = e − e 0 = (γ − 1) e 0 {\displaystyle \varepsilon =e-e_{0}=(\gamma -1)\,e_{0}}. the boltzmann distribution of a hamiltonian is pdf mj (h) ∝ e − h k b t. {\displaystyle \operatorname {pdf} _{\text{mj}}(h)\propto e^{-{\frac {h}{k_{\text{b}}t}}}.} in the absence of a potential energ... | wikipedia |
761b2a7d884af25abe3512e71fea8479344d6ff4 | where β ≡ u / c {\displaystyle \beta | where β ≡ u / c {\displaystyle \beta \equiv {\mathbf {u} }/{c}} and γ (β) = (1 − β 2) − 1 / 2 {\displaystyle \gamma (\beta)=(1-\beta ^{2})^{-{1}/{2}}}. (note that the inverse of the unitless temperature θ {\displaystyle \theta } is the relativistic coldness ζ {\displaystyle \zeta }, rezzola and zanotti, 2013.) this dis... | wikipedia |
38441707ed5280e46bb1b77d3cffbdf2d8d6c78d | where θ {\displaystyle \theta } is the temperature | where θ {\displaystyle \theta } is the temperature in speed dimensions, called thermal speed, and d denotes the kinetic degrees of freedom of each particle. (note that the temperature is defined in the fluid’s rest frame, where the bulk speed u b {\displaystyle \mathbf {u} _{b}} is zero. in the non-relativistic case, t... | wikipedia |
561f63926411d09359ed2e92f3bc0967cf615ad7 | the maxwell–boltzmann (mb {\displaystyle {\text{mb}}}) distribution pdf mb | the maxwell–boltzmann (mb {\displaystyle {\text{mb}}}) distribution pdf mb {\displaystyle \operatorname {pdf} _{\text{mb}}} describes the velocities u {\displaystyle \mathbf {u} } or the kinetic energy ε = 1 2 m u 2 {\textstyle \varepsilon ={\frac {1}{2}}m\mathbf {u} ^{2}} of the particles at thermal equilibrium, far f... | wikipedia |
a6cb61d55f8efdbc557e3fe1a3d55b6fd73f1465 | perhaps most significantly, the basic mb {\displaystyle {\text{mb}}} | perhaps most significantly, the basic mb {\displaystyle {\text{mb}}} distribution has two main issues: it does not extend to particles moving at relativistic speeds, and it assumes anisotropic temperature (where each dof does not have the same translational kinetic energy). while the classic maxwell–jüttner distributio... | wikipedia |
b55507079aa5d25041be3e1fbacbefc2f4ef9ab3 | if particle-antiparticle creation is allowed, then once the | if particle-antiparticle creation is allowed, then once the thermal energy k b t {\displaystyle k_{\text{b}}t} is a significant fraction of m c 2 {\displaystyle mc^{2}}, particle-antiparticle creation will occur and begin to increase the number of particles while generating antiparticles (the number of particles is not... | wikipedia |
352fe258b2d96b60cee407ab9456f77d679e4e1e | some limitations of the maxwell–jüttner distributions are shared | some limitations of the maxwell–jüttner distributions are shared with the classical ideal gas: neglect of interactions, and neglect of quantum effects. an additional limitation (not important in the classical ideal gas) is that the maxwell–jüttner distribution neglects antiparticles. | wikipedia |
88d9010177d347fe234b80d1a32d857cfead42de | where thermal parameter has been defined as μ | where thermal parameter has been defined as μ = m c 2 k b t = 1 θ {\textstyle \mu ={\frac {mc^{2}}{k_{\text{b}}t}}={\frac {1}{\theta }}}. | wikipedia |
e02036459b7230158d3b7451bba33569f91108cd | where γ (p) = 1 + (p m | where γ (p) = 1 + (p m c) 2 {\textstyle \gamma (p)={\sqrt {1+\left({\frac {p}{mc}}\right)^{2}}}}. the maxwell–jüttner equation is covariant, but not manifestly so, and the temperature of the gas does not vary with the gross speed of the gas. | wikipedia |
622d2e44978ea459ef0caef06899c1f4f3d57970 | where β = v c = 1 − | where β = v c = 1 − 1 / γ 2, {\textstyle \beta ={\frac {v}{c}}={\sqrt {1-1/\gamma ^{2}}},} θ = k b t m c 2, {\textstyle \theta ={\frac {k_{\text{b}}t}{mc^{2}}},} and k 2 {\displaystyle \operatorname {k} _{2}} is the modified bessel function of the second kind. | wikipedia |
2afbf1ee33990ba52a814972a3eb7bc50dec65b3 | as the gas becomes hotter and k b | as the gas becomes hotter and k b t {\displaystyle k_{\text{b}}t} approaches or exceeds m c 2 {\displaystyle mc^{2}}, the probability distribution for γ = 1 / 1 − v 2 / c 2 {\textstyle \gamma =1/{\sqrt {1-v^{2}/c^{2}}}} in this relativistic maxwellian gas is given by the maxwell–jüttner distribution: | wikipedia |
f76eb5bd352b468793ad9b2cb6d67f3bfbe5f218 | the distribution can be attributed to ferencz jüttner, | the distribution can be attributed to ferencz jüttner, who derived it in 1911. it has become known as the maxwell–jüttner distribution by analogy to the name maxwell–boltzmann distribution that is commonly used to refer to maxwell's or maxwellian distribution. | wikipedia |
38f7ef1a15c14fe02a716b7be4b90d6461c52a84 | in physics, the maxwell–jüttner distribution, sometimes called jüttner–synge | in physics, the maxwell–jüttner distribution, sometimes called jüttner–synge distribution, is the distribution of speeds of particles in a hypothetical gas of relativistic particles. similar to the maxwell–boltzmann distribution, the maxwell–jüttner distribution considers a classical ideal gas where the particles are d... | wikipedia |
bc7112bac5ec597cf30593cfc14482cfe7386e4a | a hollinger box, also known as a "document | a hollinger box, also known as a "document box" or "archives box," is a specially constructed cardboard box used in archives for preservation of documents and photographs. the term "hollinger" refers to the manufacturer, hollinger metal edge, a company founded in 1945 in arlington, virginia. hollinger metal edge worked... | wikipedia |
2e18a2f082fc4216a475331d533ac3939663bef3 | the society of american archivists defines it as | the society of american archivists defines it as a "container that holds folders containing paper documents vertically and that measures roughly 10 inches high, 12 or 15 inches wide, and 6 or 3 inches deep, and that usually has an integral top hinge at the upper back." | wikipedia |
e4e42c49475f7fd76d00d416dfe48de2b3a37a42 | a hollinger box, also known as a "document | a hollinger box, also known as a "document box" or "archives box," is a specially constructed cardboard box used in archives for preservation of documents and photographs. the term "hollinger" refers to the manufacturer, hollinger metal edge, a company founded in 1945 in arlington, virginia. hollinger metal edge worked... | wikipedia |
3173d5e544d2a595dc0c181c03774e5102b21e05 | the maslenica bridge is a deck arch bridge | the maslenica bridge is a deck arch bridge carrying the d8 state road spanning the novsko Ždrilo strait of the adriatic sea approximately 1 km (0.62 mi) to the west of the settlement of maslenica, croatia and 500 m (1,600 ft) south of the d54 and d8 state roads junction. it was built in 2005 on a site of a similar brid... | wikipedia |
9711ace6e1025786ca98fec05eb560aa7daf2037 | traffic on the state roads in croatia is | traffic on the state roads in croatia is regularly counted and reported by hrvatske ceste, operator of the state roads. there is no actual traffic count performed at the maslenica bridge itself, however hrvatske ceste operate a counting station which covers a section of the d8 state road adjacent to the d8 and d54 junc... | wikipedia |
5dc60de01aebb06ad2d77b861683e6d311b41af2 | as another, reinforced concrete arch bridge, carrying the | as another, reinforced concrete arch bridge, carrying the croatian a1 motorway, was constructed in 1997 approximately 1.5 km (0.93 mi) away from the site of the original maslenica bridge it was given the same name, maslenica bridge. therefore, both bridges are confusingly called both "old" and "new" maslenica bridge. | wikipedia |
d1bd18702d636ac30bcc4124f92161c53287df5a | the construction (or rather reconstruction) costs were 59.8 | the construction (or rather reconstruction) costs were 59.8 million croatian kuna, while removal of the remains of the original bridge required additional 2.2 million kuna. at the opening ceremony it was declared that the reconstructed maslenica bridge would also serve as an alternative route to be used during periods ... | wikipedia |
df46bba949c36a212ab562559010b3a3b0fe778d | in 2003 hrvatske ceste started tender procedure regarding | in 2003 hrvatske ceste started tender procedure regarding reconstruction of the maslenica bridge in its original form. the remains of the original bridge left over were pier foundations (some of them shifted or damaged) and the southern abutment. the reconstruction design was based on the original construction designs ... | wikipedia |
38b4b0793467b883add7722353499ee59bc4ce55 | the bridge was executed atop barges and served | the bridge was executed atop barges and served as the only road link between zagreb and split (that did not require use of ferries or occupied territories) between 1993 and 1995. the pontoon bridge was repeatedly attacked by artillery causing occasional damage or even sinking of individual barges which were subsequentl... | wikipedia |
5d5b00889cf158fc23403bc423883ef65028007b | in july 1993, as control of the bridge | in july 1993, as control of the bridge general area was restored to the republic of croatia, a pontoon bridge was completed near the location of destroyed maslenica bridge in order to restore the road route linking the croatian capital and dalmatia. | wikipedia |
3c46d9f7029672a1868b01fd7e50afef44a54796 | the bridge was destroyed by explosives on 21 | the bridge was destroyed by explosives on 21 november 1991 during the croatian war of independence. prior to its demolition it represented the last road link between zagreb and split left intact within the territory controlled by the government of the republic of croatia thereby being of immense importance. | wikipedia |
7b99c158d52bbcb3e23aed21a2137edf2f58a56f | the original maslenica bridge was designed by vojislav | the original maslenica bridge was designed by vojislav draganić of inženjerski projektni zavod (ipz) between 1955 and 1960. by 1989, wear caused by heavy traffic and inadequate maintenance became significant, including cracks on the cross-girders and a pier. that led to a half-year-long suspension of freight traffic ac... | wikipedia |
e8b32e14bcc6b6a377369a4741cf51336001a580 | the bridge is 315.3-metre (1,034 ft) long, measured | the bridge is 315.3-metre (1,034 ft) long, measured between the abutments, comprising a steel arch supporting a reinforced concrete deck executed as a continuous girder across 17 spans: 17.52 m (57.5 ft) + 2 x 19.71 m (64.7 ft) + 19.68 m (64.6 ft) + 7 x 17.52 m (57.5 ft) + 19.68 m (64.6 ft) + 4 x 19.71 m (64.7 ft) + 17... | wikipedia |
85917779062cab2c51c96a6ee2f3bc2dfcceff99 | the maslenica bridge (croatian: most maslenica, also known | the maslenica bridge (croatian: most maslenica, also known as croatian: maslenički most) is a deck arch bridge carrying the d8 state road spanning the novsko Ždrilo strait of the adriatic sea approximately 1 km (0.62 mi) to the west of the settlement of maslenica, croatia and 500 m (1,600 ft) south of the d54 and d8 st... | wikipedia |
f44d645689b12a91a33410815662798b34ff2c10 | in mathematics, the minkowski–steiner formula is a formula | in mathematics, the minkowski–steiner formula is a formula relating the surface area and volume of compact subsets of euclidean space. more precisely, it defines the surface area as the "derivative" of enclosed volume in an appropriate sense. the minkowski–steiner formula is used, together with the brunn–minkowski theo... | wikipedia |
f2f0b287c2ea9d278cf98df2f54f9948eca31a13 | taking a = b r ¯ {\displaystyle a={\overline | taking a = b r ¯ {\displaystyle a={\overline {b_{r}}}} gives the following well-known formula for the surface area of the sphere of radius r {\displaystyle r}, s r:= ∂ b r {\displaystyle s_{r}:=\partial b_{r}}: | wikipedia |
849bcf1b66ff46d98fdb10a377ee63ed160ae8ed | where the λ i {\displaystyle \lambda _{i}} are | where the λ i {\displaystyle \lambda _{i}} are some continuous functions of a {\displaystyle a} (see quermassintegrals) and ω n {\displaystyle \omega _{n}} denotes the measure (volume) of the unit ball in r n {\displaystyle \mathbb {r} ^{n}}: | wikipedia |
ac346c72806dab970593bddd5d84bf8c6954fa0b | for "sufficiently regular" sets a {\displaystyle a}, the | for "sufficiently regular" sets a {\displaystyle a}, the quantity λ (∂ a) {\displaystyle \lambda (\partial a)} does indeed correspond with the (n − 1) {\displaystyle (n-1)} -dimensional measure of the boundary ∂ a {\displaystyle \partial a} of a {\displaystyle a}. see federer (1969) for a full treatment of this problem... | wikipedia |
b92e72218137b278ddff0b21df1da850a0802256 | let n ≥ 2 {\displaystyle n\geq 2}, and | let n ≥ 2 {\displaystyle n\geq 2}, and let a ⊊ r n {\displaystyle a\subsetneq \mathbb {r} ^{n}} be a compact set. let μ (a) {\displaystyle \mu (a)} denote the lebesgue measure (volume) of a {\displaystyle a}. define the quantity λ (∂ a) {\displaystyle \lambda (\partial a)} by the minkowski–steiner formula | wikipedia |
dfaa2dd255e53e8ce5167240a93c984ccc448451 | in mathematics, the minkowski–steiner formula is a formula | in mathematics, the minkowski–steiner formula is a formula relating the surface area and volume of compact subsets of euclidean space. more precisely, it defines the surface area as the "derivative" of enclosed volume in an appropriate sense. | wikipedia |
8df39deb29c92c85b4b862e694ab06730ee2ad30 | methylecgonine cinnamate is a natural tropane alkaloid found | methylecgonine cinnamate is a natural tropane alkaloid found within the coca plant. its more common name, cinnamoylcocaine, reflects its close structural similarity to cocaine. it is pharmacologically inactive, but some studies funded by anti-drug agencies imply that it is active when smoked. furthermore, the discovery... | wikipedia |
8df39deb29c92c85b4b862e694ab06730ee2ad30 | methylecgonine cinnamate is a natural tropane alkaloid found | methylecgonine cinnamate is a natural tropane alkaloid found within the coca plant. its more common name, cinnamoylcocaine, reflects its close structural similarity to cocaine. it is pharmacologically inactive, but some studies funded by anti-drug agencies imply that it is active when smoked. furthermore, the discovery... | wikipedia |
ac7842de5498cb9deb3f79230c6b4cfeb54a19e8 | judith bleich is a professor of judaic studies | judith bleich is a professor of judaic studies at touro college in manhattan. she specializes in the nineteenth-century development of reform and neo-orthodoxy in the wake of the enlightenment and emancipation, and has written extensively on modern jewish history. she is also a member of the steering committee for the ... | wikipedia |
7d7d8404f35efd719ded516003cf97eb5d3983e8 | bleich earned her bachelor's degree and bachelor of | bleich earned her bachelor's degree and bachelor of religious education from stern college. she earned her master's degree from yeshiva university. she earned her doctorate from new york university in 1974 with her dissertation jacob ettlinger, his life and works: the emergence of modern orthodoxy in germany. | wikipedia |
8d555802ba51db89d8658a64e86c8b1dea49c489 | judith bleich (born 1938) is a professor of | judith bleich (born 1938) is a professor of judaic studies at touro college in manhattan. she specializes in the nineteenth-century development of reform and neo-orthodoxy in the wake of the enlightenment and emancipation, and has written extensively on modern jewish history. she is also a member of the steering commit... | wikipedia |
e1dbed51edcd5c81275ab1f4be08f13ad76d0565 | magnus john thorsteinson was a canadian professional ice | magnus john thorsteinson was a canadian professional ice hockey right winger who played 4 games in the national hockey league for the new york americans during the 1932–33 season. the rest of his career, which lasted from 1922 to 1935, was spent in various minor leagues. | wikipedia |
ebfd4f7821eab6b5f789c246c81a8845e9d4272b | magnus john thorsteinson (march 19, 1905 — august | magnus john thorsteinson (march 19, 1905 — august 24, 1948) was a canadian professional ice hockey right winger who played 4 games in the national hockey league for the new york americans during the 1932–33 season. the rest of his career, which lasted from 1922 to 1935, was spent in various minor leagues. | wikipedia |
f94776928264772ee306362b0ecadbc48ab34866 | icilio guareschi was an italian chemist. icilio guareschi | icilio guareschi was an italian chemist. icilio guareschi studied at the university of bologna and received his ph.d there in 1871. he became professor at the university of siena and in 1879 at the university of turin, where he worked until his death in 1918. guareschi worked in the field of organic chemistry, pharmacy... | wikipedia |
952ba5049b8b575cb10f72d81a8d3329b536c3ed | guareschi worked in the field of organic chemistry, | guareschi worked in the field of organic chemistry, pharmacy, toxicology and the history and chemistry. in 1894 he discovered a reaction to synthesise 2-pyridones, today known as the guareschi-thorpe condensation. | wikipedia |
08408c8e8073f4fd29da215ede103deb0a4f5465 | icilio guareschi studied at the university of bologna | icilio guareschi studied at the university of bologna and received his ph.d there in 1871. he became professor at the university of siena and in 1879 at the university of turin, where he worked until his death in 1918. | wikipedia |
151820c414cd6cc8481116fd88297904695e15dc | the heterometallic copper-aluminum superatom is a mackay‐type cluster | the heterometallic copper-aluminum superatom is a mackay‐type cluster with formula [cu43al12](cp*)12. it is an open‐shell 67‐electron superatom. at the time of its synthesis, it was the largest superatom to be synthesized. its two distinct features are its large electron count compared to other heterometallic superatom... | wikipedia |
e5b781ac148ac8e3de694297def267fa7f343179 | fischer's lab team designed the material by building | fischer's lab team designed the material by building compounds made of individual copper and aluminum atoms. for this superatom, a mixture of aluminium atoms complexed with pentamethylcyclopentadiene (cp*) and copper atoms complexed with mesitylene (mes) were combined in an inert atmosphere. | wikipedia |
eaf495071b7e7c8595eaae7c1037d9321944974d | this is the very first example of a | this is the very first example of a ligated heterometallic mackay-type cluster, which is an extremely complex crystal structure whose surface is composed of two-shell 20 equilateral triangles composed of 55 copper and aluminum atoms. this shape is also called an icosahedron. the 43 copper and 12 aluminum atoms form a s... | wikipedia |
75b67bd6e68cb05d6668f22fda69d5624484d5cd | marcel boll was a french scientist, sociologist, philosopher, | marcel boll was a french scientist, sociologist, philosopher, educator, scientific journalist, and a founding member (1930) of the rationalist union. boll was one of the most prolific contributors of articles to les cahiers rationalistes and raison présente, two journals published by the rationalist union. he was one o... | wikipedia |
c6f9c6823869fdfb97cc1cefa8ecd7ff7a4a4ecd | boll edited works by various members of the | boll edited works by various members of the vienna circle and the berlin circle (german: die berliner gruppe), including works by philosophers moritz schlick, rudolf carnap, philipp frank, and hans reichenbach. the translations of these works were made by others. | wikipedia |
b7393396a8a9283c67a4f6a3d3a7d9d41f6fd656 | he had a brother named andré boll (1896-1983). | he had a brother named andré boll (1896-1983). in the 1930s through the 1950s, marcel and andré tried to launch a cultural movement inspired by neopositivist scientific, philosophical, and sociological insights. the goal of this movement was the establishment of modernism, rationalism, and scientism in all areas of soc... | wikipedia |
2470314173066c11b75a165e13f2822372a881f0 | boll was born in the 18th arrondissement of | boll was born in the 18th arrondissement of paris (butte-montmartre, paris), and died in palais-bourbon, paris (the 7th arrondissement of paris). he was a son of a councilor of the council of paris. in 1910 marcel was approved to sit for the examination known as the agrégation de sciences physiques at the espci paris (... | wikipedia |
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