id
stringlengths
40
40
title
stringlengths
15
120
text
stringlengths
41
3.14k
source
stringclasses
2 values
1c9a5ac298b7b3079bcd99eb6dd3857af53ad5bd
according to the guide to national professional certification
according to the guide to national professional certification programs (1997) by phillip barnhart, "certifications are portable, since they do not depend on one company's definition of a certain job" and they provide potential employers with "an impartial, third-party endorsement of an individual's professional knowled...
wikipedia
5b0933bb52e2fa850347c39b80ca2157dd309afa
many certification programs are affiliated with professional associations,
many certification programs are affiliated with professional associations, trade organizations, or private vendors interested in raising industry standards. certification programs are often created or endorsed by professional associations, but are typically completely independent from membership organizations. certific...
wikipedia
959118d54ff03c0e8e7a4a578e32d51a327926e7
a certification is a third-party attestation of an
a certification is a third-party attestation of an individual's level of knowledge or proficiency in a certain industry or profession. they are granted by authorities in the field, such as professional societies and universities, or by private certificate-granting agencies. most certifications are time-limited; some ex...
wikipedia
57034309bf1fd568cfd7bdf58b892984e97b88f2
professional certification, trade certification, or professional designation, often
professional certification, trade certification, or professional designation, often called simply certification or qualification, is a designation earned by a person to assure qualification to perform a job or task. not all certifications that use post-nominal letters are an acknowledgement of educational achievement, ...
wikipedia
0bd7ddb1827a58ecacfe76653825e156ca98f375
torsiello is a youth product of mainz 05
torsiello is a youth product of mainz 05 and darmstadt 98. he made his professional debut with darmstadt 98 in a 3–0 dfb pokal win over fc ingolstadt 04 on 1 august 2022. on 6 december 2022, he signed his first professional contract with darmstadt 98.
wikipedia
81948a4de9af75a14acd0d88ab74cf5df7423a12
jiří Černoch is a czech professional ice hockey
jiří Černoch is a czech professional ice hockey player. he is currently playing for hc karlovy vary of the czech extraliga (elh). Černoch made his czech extraliga debut playing with hc sparta praha during the 2014–15 czech extraliga season.
wikipedia
f587f1f9d75e96b72531dd4af0ed207101559342
on 1 may 2021, hrivík opted to leave
on 1 may 2021, hrivík opted to leave the shl and return to the khl, signing a one-year contract with russian outfit torpedo nizhny novgorod. in the 2021–22 season, hrivík contributed offensively with nine goals and 23 points through 44 regular season games. with torpedo missing the post-season for the first time in 9 y...
wikipedia
568867c3a8ecd7b8ecef0e27be12b24a4589a820
hrivík remained with leksands for the 2020–21 season,
hrivík remained with leksands for the 2020–21 season, increasing his scoring output to lead the team and the league in scoring with 37 assists and 51 points in just 44 regular season games. he was selected as the shl's forward of the year and was awarded the guldhjälmen as the shl's most valuable player.
wikipedia
34df80c254ae83e1428706b3147de0e79678ecc7
as a free agent, hrivík left the khl
as a free agent, hrivík left the khl and agreed to a one-year deal with the newly promoted swedish club, leksands if of the swedish hockey league (shl), on 16 august 2019.
wikipedia
f3e814efcc8b000adc3a26fbe34647bb2d4e682c
opting to leave the flames in the off-season,
opting to leave the flames in the off-season, hrivík continued his career abroad, agreeing to a one-year deal with russian club hc vityaz of the khl on july 1, 2018. in the 2018–19 season, hrivík added eight goals and 15 points in 26 games with vityaz before his season was cut short due to injury.
wikipedia
da3206024af731a25fca89537ea44e977b4ab794
on july 1, 2017, after five full seasons
on july 1, 2017, after five full seasons within the rangers organization, hrivík left as a free agent and was signed to a one-year, two-way contract with the calgary flames. in the 2017–18 season, he was first assigned to ahl affiliate, the stockton heat. having suffered through injury, hrivík responded to produce 30 p...
wikipedia
e848c28aa5339dfe5b1b1cf537e310256303e798
hrivík won the president's cup in 2009–10 with
hrivík won the president's cup in 2009–10 with the moncton wildcats of the quebec major junior hockey league. on may 30, 2012, hrivík signed his first nhl contract on a three-year entry-level contract with the new york rangers.
wikipedia
40e23be45ccb2f141ec7d05845dc508a9103d4eb
mason mcdonald is a canadian professional ice hockey
mason mcdonald is a canadian professional ice hockey goaltender who is currently an unrestricted free agent. he most recently played under contract to the tulsa oilers of the echl. he was selected by the calgary flames, 34th overall, in the 2014 nhl entry draft.
wikipedia
e14beba3e697f62e8f650edf39c8a183315ad1b6
at the conclusion of his entry-level contract with
at the conclusion of his entry-level contract with the flames, having been unable to make progression within the organization, mcdonald was released as a free agent after he was not tendered a qualifying offer on june 25, 2019. unable to secure another nhl contract, mcdonald agreed to a one-year ahl deal with the color...
wikipedia
9b0309249988aaf67061c926ed6c5e0591064111
after his first two seasons in the qmjhl,
after his first two seasons in the qmjhl, mcdonald was the first goalie drafted, in the 2014 nhl entry draft, 34th overall by the calgary flames. on july 2, 2015, mcdonald was signed to a three-year entry-level contract with the calgary flames.
wikipedia
87cd632cb12c79c5888135d7da7d0f3e0fae95a3
previously, he was selected 20th overall in the
previously, he was selected 20th overall in the quebec major junior hockey league entry draft for 2012 to play for acadie–bathurst titan. in the midst of his second season with the titans in 2013–14, mcdonald was traded to the charlottetown islanders on december 28, 2013.
wikipedia
9d3d6cbe1b821a748151de621a28ea05a09a84cc
mason mcdonald (born april 23, 1996) is a
mason mcdonald (born april 23, 1996) is a canadian professional ice hockey goaltender who is currently an unrestricted free agent. he most recently played under contract to the tulsa oilers of the echl. he was selected by the calgary flames, 34th overall, in the 2014 nhl entry draft.
wikipedia
16aafa2a6779bfec00ed290c008be3a29ae8e80e
this article gives the summarized final standings of
this article gives the summarized final standings of each fivb women's volleyball nations league tournament, an annual competition involving national women's volleyball teams. after the sixth edition in 2024, united states won three golds, italy won two gold medals, turkey also won gold (2023), silver (2018) and bronze...
wikipedia
8f9e2abd15df616956fca8f4ed8bf0345b930256
the 16 national teams involved in the tournament
the 16 national teams involved in the tournament were required to register a squad of 25 players, which every week's 14-player roster must be selected from. each country must declare its 14-player roster two days before the start of each week's round-robin competition.
wikipedia
2e6d6b87dadb286fa325fce70a2355866a9ff96e
the 16 national teams involved in the tournament
the 16 national teams involved in the tournament were required to register a squad of 21 players, which every week's 14-player roster must be selected from. each country must declare its 14-player roster two days before the start of each week's round-robin competition.
wikipedia
8a3bc2ba0bb3ecb90c002ec3114d8e06a6908a81
after the sixth edition in 2024, united states
after the sixth edition in 2024, united states won three golds (2018, 2019, 2021), italy won two gold medals (2022, 2024), turkey also won gold (2023), silver (2018) and bronze (2021), brazil won three silvers (2019, 2021, 2022), china won silver (2023) and two bronze (2018, 2019), japan won one silver medal (2024), po...
wikipedia
160b0b8bf25b8a8a4bdcfb46a59e722f2101fdc9
philip samuel masi was an american professional baseball
philip samuel masi was an american professional baseball player. he played in major league baseball as a catcher from 1939 to 1952, most prominently for the boston braves where he was a four-time all-star player and was an integral member of the 1948 american league pennant-winning team. although masi was considered on...
wikipedia
b8e792787dfbad40dda5d664a409b3406d910592
masi died on march 29, 1990 in mount
masi died on march 29, 1990 in mount prospect, illinois, at the age of 74. upon his death, his will revealed that he really was out on the pick-off play in the 1948 world series.
wikipedia
7fc49dc0fd92308eea17b0b526dd18e76aeb1de6
in a fourteen-year major league career, masi played
in a fourteen-year major league career, masi played in 1,229 games, accumulating 917 hits in 3,468 at bats for a.264 career batting average along with 47 home runs, 417 runs batted in and a.344 on-base percentage. over his career, he committed only 72 errors in 4,257 chances for a career.983 fielding percentage. a four...
wikipedia
afeb05d42a8dc8765dac6bcca2853a74f9f1d4cc
masi returned to the minor leagues in 1953
masi returned to the minor leagues in 1953 where he helped the dallas eagles win the texas league championship before going on to win the 1953 dixie series. he retired as a player at the end of the 1953 season at the age of 37.
wikipedia
d6571860406952685f91561f872aa2eaf193d899
masi's offensive production continued to decline and, with
masi's offensive production continued to decline and, with young prospect del crandall ready to play, the braves traded masi to the pittsburgh pirates in june 1949. after only a half-season with pittsburgh, he was traded to his hometown chicago white sox in 1950. he earned the starting catchers job with the white sox a...
wikipedia
9e9c9c8103d7c229c4614bcc9c2181c8cb30075a
it was in the first game of the
it was in the first game of the 1948 world series held at braves field against the favored cleveland indians that masi would become embroiled in a controversy that secured his place in baseball history. the braves' johnny sain and indians' bob feller were engaged in a scoreless pitchers' duel when the braves came to ba...
wikipedia
a18044a5d8f8ef21d7f27ba032a179ef2fbca52d
although masi's offensive output began to decline in
although masi's offensive output began to decline in 1948, he earned his fourth consecutive all-star selection due to his excellent defensive abilities. his pitch-calling skills helped the braves' pitching staff lead the league in earned run average as the team clinched the 1948 national league pennant by six and a hal...
wikipedia
0b6f015476cc895c76e4cabbf87b963f7f71a0be
masi had his most productive season in 1947,
masi had his most productive season in 1947, earning his third selection as a reserve for the national league in the 1947 all-star game and ending the year ranked tenth in the league in hitting with a career-high.304 batting average. he also posted career-highs in home runs (9) and in on-base percentage (.377) and cont...
wikipedia
08cbee3cc9653bb533c535cb8dced0fa639a7d2d
masi was hitting for a.300 average in late
masi was hitting for a.300 average in late june 1946, earning him a place as a reserve player for the national league in the 1946 all-star game. he ended the season with a.267 average, 3 home runs, a career-high 62 runs batted in and, led the league's catchers in putouts. in 1946, pitchers warren spahn and johnny sain ...
wikipedia
b04ed9a82b13df0683196b03ab31c084049f46dd
masi's batting continued to improve in 1945 when
masi's batting continued to improve in 1945 when he was hitting at a.335 pace in july to earn a place as a reserve catcher for the national league team in the 1945 all-star game however, the game was cancelled due to wartime travel restrictions. masi finished the season with a.272 batting average along with 25 doubles,...
wikipedia
6e796a2779e4ffd18f66ac0f5c5c180c2ea13e14
masi served as the braves' backup catcher first
masi served as the braves' backup catcher first to al lópez, then ray berres, and finally to ernie lombardi. he began to develop his reputation as a good defensive catcher from his association with knuckleball pitcher jim tobin. the other braves catchers shunned tobin due to the unpredictability of the notoriously diff...
wikipedia
9ca911fc9e7910adb4ff33b9fff4a1528e369854
the bees already had future hall of fame
the bees already had future hall of fame member, al lópez, as well as future all-star, ray mueller and veteran johnny riddle as catchers going into spring training in 1939 however, masi impressed bees' manager casey stengel so much that, mueller and riddle would be traded before the start of the season, leaving masi as...
wikipedia
92383ce6bc3957c68fce7257a6670365dc373a2c
masi was then purchased by the milwaukee brewers
masi was then purchased by the milwaukee brewers who assigned him to play for the springfield indians of the middle atlantic league. baseball commissioner kenesaw mountain landis found this move to be in violation of baseball rules and allowed him to sign a non-reserve contract with springfield, meaning that he would b...
wikipedia
501c75f2ee32ece363dcfa29df571badc09cec63
born in chicago, masi attended austin high school,
born in chicago, masi attended austin high school, then began his professional baseball career when he was contracted in 1936 by the cleveland indians at the age of 20. in 1937, he played for the wausau timberjacks and demonstrated his versatility by playing as a catcher, outfielder, third baseman and as a first basema...
wikipedia
2259719f9f4a95c67dc3a21d749442be9d178ef5
although masi was considered one of the best
although masi was considered one of the best defensive catchers of his era, he was also notable for his involvement in a controversial play that occurred during the 1948 world series between the boston braves and the cleveland indians. he also played for the pittsburgh pirates and the chicago white sox.
wikipedia
4c861d7a0bc3de61c6ba30f8898a0dd75e93e62b
philip samuel masi (january 6, 1916 – march
philip samuel masi (january 6, 1916 – march 29, 1990) was an american professional baseball player. he played in major league baseball as a catcher from 1939 to 1952, most prominently for the boston braves where he was a four-time all-star player and was an integral member of the 1948 american league pennant -winning t...
wikipedia
48976b2ca3112bf582d8ecdb2a9d968b4ccc249b
vili saarijärvi is a finnish professional ice hockey
vili saarijärvi is a finnish professional ice hockey defenceman for scl tigers of the swiss national league (nl). he was drafted 73rd overall by the detroit red wings in the 2015 nhl entry draft.
wikipedia
f7e0fc3e737d530c3d59051f32e3827c22bc0cde
saarijärvi represented finland at the 2015 iihf world
saarijärvi represented finland at the 2015 iihf world u18 championships, where he led all defenceman in scoring, recording three goals and six assists in seven games, and won a silver medal. he was selected as the tournament's best defenceman and was named to the 2015 iihf world u18 championship all-star team.
wikipedia
1c697ee937e9fee54f5c113d439b9a8f4b00eacb
on 30 november 2019, saarijärvi was traded to
on 30 november 2019, saarijärvi was traded to the arizona coyotes in exchange for eric comrie. prior to being traded, he recorded one assist in 13 games with the griffins. on 2 december 2019, he was assigned to the coyotes' ahl affiliate, the tucson roadrunners. he finished the season with six assists in 25 games for t...
wikipedia
550c31f24aae1c32e9718596064a21442f6e89e7
on 3 july 2015, the detroit red wings
on 3 july 2015, the detroit red wings signed saarijärvi to a three-year, entry-level contract. during the 2017–18 season, in his first full professional season in north america, saarijärvi split time between the echl 's toledo walleye and the ahl 's grand rapids griffins. he made his ahl debut for the griffins on 28 oc...
wikipedia
0cfc198a53c33e2b66d74a880494f9364bfe4255
on 30 june 2015, saarijärvi was drafted 9th
on 30 june 2015, saarijärvi was drafted 9th overall by the flint firebirds in the chl import draft. on 12 august 2015, the firebirds signed saarijärvi to an ontario hockey league (ohl) contract for the 2015–16 season. saarijärvi played his first career ohl game with the firebirds on 24 september 2015, where he recorded...
wikipedia
0c7044090039540a54631f416cef1c4ce8aa3a27
during the 2014–15 season, saarijärvi recorded six goals
during the 2014–15 season, saarijärvi recorded six goals and 17 assists in 57 games for the green bay gamblers, leading the gamblers' defenceman in scoring, and finishing tied for 20th in scoring among all ushl defenceman. his first career ushl goal was a game-winning overtime goal on 4 october 2014, against the chicag...
wikipedia
97eeafa6b6b707afacd7d18fe475bfcffbda2350
vili saarijärvi (born 15 may 1997) is a
vili saarijärvi (born 15 may 1997) is a finnish professional ice hockey defenceman for scl tigers of the swiss national league (nl). he was drafted 73rd overall by the detroit red wings in the 2015 nhl entry draft.
wikipedia
cbfa4380309474acc68d721f07a735706001b9ac
david leroy wood is an american former professional
david leroy wood is an american former professional basketball player, who most notably played in the national basketball association (nba). his nba career spanned from 1988 until 1997. he played in the continental basketball association with the rockford lightning and the yakima sun kings, and also played professional...
wikipedia
2db3df42de8ddf976b45ffdb0442ae31148e1fd5
cody eakin is a canadian former professional ice
cody eakin is a canadian former professional ice hockey forward. he was selected by the washington capitals in the third round, 85th overall, of the 2009 nhl entry draft and has previously played for the capitals, dallas stars, vegas golden knights, winnipeg jets and buffalo sabres.
wikipedia
e5388a1297f15fe68674db0323061c844eb14875
in the following 2019–20 season, eakin struggled to
in the following 2019–20 season, eakin struggled to produce offensively with the golden knights positing just 10 points through 41 games. on february 21, 2020, eakin was traded by the golden knights to his hometown winnipeg jets in exchange for a 2021 conditional fourth-round pick. later, on march 9, 2020, eakin scored...
wikipedia
9a377d0beb1afe5b03a9ec5056c150bf41e3e4d4
the golden knights matched up with the san
the golden knights matched up with the san jose sharks during the first round of the 2019 playoffs. in game 7 on april 23, eakin cross-checked joe pavelski in the chest following a faceoff. pavelski landed awkwardly on his head, causing the referees to issue eakin a five-minute major penalty and a game misconduct, desp...
wikipedia
e1587aafec95d8e0aca56298fe0db27dee41a896
on june 21, 2017, eakin was left exposed
on june 21, 2017, eakin was left exposed by the stars and chosen by the vegas golden knights in the 2017 nhl expansion draft. in his first season with vegas, eakin scored 11 goals and 27 points in 80 games. the team fell in five games to eakin's former club, the capitals, in the 2018 stanley cup finals. during the 2018...
wikipedia
9e8ffb7284457934fa90eb4a7b455c9fe5ed9083
on december 16, 2016, eakin was suspended for
on december 16, 2016, eakin was suspended for four games for charging new york rangers ' goaltender henrik lundqvist. through injury and a lack of production, eakin endured his worst season in the nhl during the 2016–17 campaign, scoring just 3 goals and 9 assists (12 points) in 60 games.
wikipedia
1d9c5b36734cbef38bc27e922aa47e6720fcf121
eakin scored his first career stanley cup playoff
eakin scored his first career stanley cup playoff goal on april 23, 2014, against frederik andersen of the anaheim ducks. the goal ended up being the game-winner in a 4–2 victory as the stars tied the series at two games apiece.
wikipedia
16f5b51f407fa7b9dc2fe6c02f442d5dd881c743
eakin began the 2011–12 season with the washington
eakin began the 2011–12 season with the washington capitals' american hockey league (ahl) affiliate, the hershey bears. on november 1, 2011, the capitals called-up eakin to their roster, and the following day, he made his nhl debut with in 13 minutes 19 seconds of ice time, but no points, in 5–4 overtime win over the v...
wikipedia
7b7f9032e1c4ec35e7ea283634243c13bcf55a91
in 2010, eakin was named to the whl
in 2010, eakin was named to the whl (east) second all-star team. on january 9, 2011, he was traded to the kootenay ice in exchange for christian magnus, ryan bloom, jarett zentner, colby cave, steven myland and three draft picks ranging from 2011 to 2012. in his first year with the ice, eakin was named to the whl (east...
wikipedia
f0c4fefe296952e9cbcd94550f57292662a8f28f
eakin was drafted in the first round, sixth
eakin was drafted in the first round, sixth overall, by the swift current broncos in the 2006 whl draft. at the 2009 nhl entry draft, he was selected by the washington capitals in the third round, 85th overall.
wikipedia
671997170d1a2cdfcad2082daa0214f67531d65f
cody eakin (born may 24, 1991) is a
cody eakin (born may 24, 1991) is a canadian former professional ice hockey forward. he was selected by the washington capitals in the third round, 85th overall, of the 2009 nhl entry draft and has previously played for the capitals, dallas stars, vegas golden knights, winnipeg jets and buffalo sabres.
wikipedia
8a76e64012782667a47a4ac1ab4d677a46eaf88d
ali uzair left for cambodia to play the
ali uzair left for cambodia to play the 2022 fifa world cup qualifiers. he debuted for pakistan national football team in the 2022 fifa world cup qualifiers against cambodia on 6 june 2019, coming on as a half-time substitution for navid rehman.
wikipedia
080bec83da75f50cbe82f6e014a78bc9d5f41000
in 2022, uzair played for larkana leopards in
in 2022, uzair played for larkana leopards in the sindh super league, a franchise-based football league held in the province of sindh. he helped the team finishing as champions after winning against lyari fighters by 0–1 in the final. uzair was subsequently declared player of the tournament.
wikipedia
3d3f2467fe51c3098e4a929a08de7d6a77228b82
in cryptography, the unbalanced oil and vinegar (uov)
in cryptography, the unbalanced oil and vinegar (uov) scheme is a modified version of the oil and vinegar scheme designed by j. patarin. both are digital signature protocols. they are forms of multivariate cryptography. the security of this signature scheme is based on an np-hard mathematical problem. to create and val...
wikipedia
a7a72a0be900a98b1365e3c87a74046ecc0e8e38
the rainbow cryptosystem is based on uov and
the rainbow cryptosystem is based on uov and is one of three finalists in the nist competition for a post-quantum digital signature standard, though significant concerns have recently been brought to light regarding its security as proposed in the nist competition. a new minrank attack against rainbow was discovered, w...
wikipedia
f2350d8a095c88290f7a45ff450b36a5b0f4f92b
a disadvantage is that uov uses very long
a disadvantage is that uov uses very long key-lengths, with the public key involving the entire system of m {\displaystyle m} equations, which can require several hundred kilobytes. uov has not been used widely. while several attack methods are already known, more may appear if uov becomes widely used. uov is not yet r...
wikipedia
a304c99dd615edfa75bd3e9aa287d1a08cabb94c
a primary advantage is that the mathematical problem
a primary advantage is that the mathematical problem to be solved in the algorithm is quantum-resistant. when a quantum computer is built that can factor large composite numbers using shor's algorithm, this will break commercial signature schemes like rsa or elgamal that rely upon the discrete logarithm problem being u...
wikipedia
557fb7ea945077f27a941a95678c0f8c552ff3a7
this system of equations is a slightly modified
this system of equations is a slightly modified version of the system needed for signature creation. it is modified so that an attacker cannot get information about the secret coefficients and the special formatting of the oil and vinegar variables. every equation of the public key has to be solved to validate the sign...
wikipedia
1a1f9dcb40a0523090d296d5a46772b285aeb4f8
y 1 = f 1 ∗ (x 1,
y 1 = f 1 ∗ (x 1, x 2, …, x n) y 2 = f 2 ∗ (x 1, x 2, …, x n) ⋮ y m = f m ∗ (x 1, x 2, …, x n) {\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}y_{1}&={f_{1}}^{*}(x_{1},x_{2},\ldots,x_{n})\\y_{2}&={f_{2}}^{*}(x_{1},x_{2},\ldots,x_{n})\\&~\vdots \\y_{m}&={f_{m}}^{*}(x_{1},x_{2},\ldots,x_{n})\\\end{aligned}}}
wikipedia
39884cf7659dd7186ae2a703a99b395803d1eceb
the system of equations becomes linear if the
the system of equations becomes linear if the vinegar variables are fixed – no oil variable is multiplied with another oil variable in the equation. therefore, the oil variables can be computed easily using, for example, a gaussian reduction algorithm. the signature creation is itself fast and computationally easy.
wikipedia
f9e09fe02194b20d154a79b751d8496f5e07c0e3
the vinegar and oil variables build the pre-signature
the vinegar and oil variables build the pre-signature a = (a 1, …, a n, a ´ 1, …, a ´ v) {\displaystyle a=(a_{1},\ldots,a_{n},{\acute {a}}_{1},\ldots,{\acute {a}}_{v})}. finally a {\displaystyle a} gets transformed by the private transformation s {\displaystyle s} to give the valid signature x = s − 1 (a) {\displaystyl...
wikipedia
f5ffffb97033fb552491e5936988f882f29a9849
y i = ∑ γ i j k
y i = ∑ γ i j k a j a ´ k + ∑ λ i j k a ´ j a ´ k + ∑ ξ i j a j + ∑ ξ ´ i j a ´ j + δ i {\displaystyle y_{i}=\sum {\gamma _{ijk}a_{j}{\acute {a}}_{k}}+\sum {\lambda _{ijk}{\acute {a}}_{j}{\acute {a}}_{k}}+\sum {\xi _{ij}a_{j}}+\sum {{\acute {\xi }}_{ij}{\acute {a}}_{j}}+\delta _{i}}
wikipedia
f53eb503cb0c67e24fda9cb58f05272c24d4b5d3
to sign a given y {\displaystyle y}, the
to sign a given y {\displaystyle y}, the message must first be transformed to fit in the equations system. t {\displaystyle t} is used to "split" the message to acceptable pieces y 1, y 2, …, y m {\displaystyle y_{1},y_{2},\ldots,y_{m}}. then the equations have to be built. every single equation has the same form:
wikipedia
5cc8677831174516bc031630471cb2f22a60eb98
here the y = (y 1, y 2,
here the y = (y 1, y 2, …, y m) {\displaystyle y=(y_{1},y_{2},\ldots,y_{m})} is a given message which should be signed. the valid signature is x = (x 1, x 2, …, x n) {\displaystyle x=(x_{1},x_{2},\ldots,x_{n})}.
wikipedia
0063e54dfa17b4f0b9ca4987a00d896680cc3b28
y 1 = f 1 (x 1, …,
y 1 = f 1 (x 1, …, x n) y 2 = f 2 (x 1, …, x n) ⋮ y m = f m (x 1, …, x n) {\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}y_{1}&=f_{1}(x_{1},\ldots,x_{n})\\y_{2}&=f_{2}(x_{1},\ldots,x_{n})\\&~\vdots \\y_{m}&=f_{m}(x_{1},\ldots,x_{n})\\\end{aligned}}}
wikipedia
ad3f93eeb1e7e5598e4c8e902203e7c45dae4fcb
to use a mathematical problem for cryptography, it
to use a mathematical problem for cryptography, it must be modified. the computing of the n {\displaystyle n} variables would need a lot of resources. a standard computer isn't able to compute this in an acceptable time. therefore, a special trapdoor is inserted into the equations system. this trapdoor is the signing k...
wikipedia
1b151d28a77badad0ad2ee763578bbcac2aafa8c
a signature scheme has a signing key, which
a signature scheme has a signing key, which is kept private, and a verification key, which is publicly revealed. for instance, in signature schemes based on rsa the keys are both exponents. in the uov scheme, and in every other multivariate signature scheme the keys are more complex.
wikipedia
2e57efd7364c9d3558fc3a40adaebc87adc5f060
a significant drawback with uov is that the
a significant drawback with uov is that the key size can be large. typically n, the number of variables, is chosen to be double m, the number of equations. encoding the coefficients of all these equations in the key requires considerable space, at least 200 kilobytes for a system that would offer security comparable to...
wikipedia
e2d2a63df6ea71f2b72ace48f0abe97f3ce58177
in cryptography, the unbalanced oil and vinegar (uov)
in cryptography, the unbalanced oil and vinegar (uov) scheme is a modified version of the oil and vinegar scheme designed by j. patarin. both are digital signature protocols. they are forms of multivariate cryptography. the security of this signature scheme is based on an np-hard mathematical problem. to create and val...
wikipedia
15165d7cb96e30aeff95295bd9f6624d28c7f3e0
timemap java is an open-source web mapping application,
timemap java is an open-source web mapping application, which was one of the first such applications to introduce generic time filtering and map animation on the web. tmjava is a comprehensive java mapping applet which can run as a standalone application with local data, on a web site or as a two tier application with ...
wikipedia
b9738ecc9dbc11c7d3aeec8c4cb3804257d70032
tmjava provides map-based spatial searching of the ecai
tmjava provides map-based spatial searching of the ecai clearinghouse of cultural datasets and background geographic data. the search includes the rumsey map collection, one of the largest digitised collections of historical maps in the world. search results can be overlaid and displayed in the tmjava map interface, as...
wikipedia
1218ed35357ac0a1463d2ef4a72a3eeaab224709
tmjava can be used to develop interactive maps
tmjava can be used to develop interactive maps for web sites, for intranet enquiry systems, for museum and visitor kiosks, and for standalone cd-rom products. in addition to static datasets, tmjava can connect with databases which are being actively updated or with live data feeds.
wikipedia
748b6833a2e3c6afb1c488f69a253f0542da1339
timemap developed out of work on mapping historical
timemap developed out of work on mapping historical and archaeological data, starting with animated maps in 1995, a windows mapping tool in 1997, and tmjava from 2001. funding came from numerous sources but in particular from the australian research council (sydney timemap project, 2000–2002) and from the electronic cu...
wikipedia
c0d71f7ea97bdc2c8536b960fe8325e901116c03
time map java is an open-source web mapping
time map java is an open-source web mapping application, which was one of the first such applications to introduce generic time filtering and map animation on the web. tmjava is a comprehensive java mapping applet which can run as a standalone application with local data, on a web site or as a two tier application with...
wikipedia
00528e569c1f3294cc78c7fd10621e9292238cce
polintons are large dna transposons which contain genes
polintons are large dna transposons which contain genes with homology to viral proteins and which are often found in eukaryotic genomes. they were first discovered in the mid-2000s and are the largest and most complex known dna transposons. polintons encode up to 10 individual proteins and derive their name from two ke...
wikipedia
717f30974f3d7e0031f1d3518e82c7296910742f
because of their viral capsid-like proteins and self-replication
because of their viral capsid-like proteins and self-replication abilities, it has been suggested that polintons are capable of forming virions and would properly be termed polintoviruses. however, this terminology is not yet accepted and awaits experimental validation of the virion hypothesis.
wikipedia
d91467a883fa2bc3b54a14440634a05770807e07
giant transposable elements were originally discovered in the
giant transposable elements were originally discovered in the mid-2000s, beginning with the description of a novel family of retroviral -like integrase proteins which in 2005 were reported in transposable elements given the name mavericks by cedric feschotte and ellen pritham. an overlapping class of transposable eleme...
wikipedia
fa8f7d2f13acbffa51f9ed4c7b88e5d0b59c70da
the maveriviricetes class of viruses is named after
the maveriviricetes class of viruses is named after their resemblance to maverick/polinton transposons. all the viruses mentioned are united under bamfordvirae for their double jelly-roll capsid. some polinton-like viruses (plvs) other than tlr1 have also been identified, and are yet to be put into a taxon (presumably ...
wikipedia
5caffb944b613d8bfaeb6e872dcf584167bb7b2a
the evolutionary relationships between polintons, double-stranded dna viruses,
the evolutionary relationships between polintons, double-stranded dna viruses, and selfish genetic elements are complex. the first descriptions of polintons linked them by sequence relationship to linear plasmids, bacteriophages, and adenoviruses. more recently, relationships have been identified between polintons, vir...
wikipedia
627e50037d98c24339834fb8983e5420485e0572
early descriptions of polintons identified them as likely
early descriptions of polintons identified them as likely to be ancient, at least one billion years old and possibly associated with an early ancestor of modern eukaryotes. phylogenetic analyses of known polinton sequences support this ancestry model and suggest that transmission of polintons is mainly vertical (though...
wikipedia
101cdd626c2fdf8dccefdb353ae0fa5b219606c5
polintons have been detected in all groups of
polintons have been detected in all groups of eukaryotes other than the archaeplastida (containing red algae, green algae, glaucophytes, and land plants). they are particularly common in unikonts, a group that includes animals. the pathogenic parasite trichomonas vaginalis, which causes trichomoniasis, has a unique gen...
wikipedia
d3bdbd934af6deeba162f35724611d0d1d2f48bd
a typical polinton is around 15–20 kilobase pairs
a typical polinton is around 15–20 kilobase pairs in size, though examples have been described up to 40kb. polintons encode up to 10 proteins, the key elements being the protein-primed type b dna polymerase and the retroviral -like integrase from which they derive their name. polintons are sometimes referred to as "sel...
wikipedia
23b0af1e8dbc9f631b0eddb54e4abc2b057972f3
polintons (also called mavericks) are large dna transposons
polintons (also called mavericks) are large dna transposons which contain genes with homology to viral proteins and which are often found in eukaryotic genomes. they were first discovered in the mid-2000s and are the largest and most complex known dna transposons. polintons encode up to 10 individual proteins and deriv...
wikipedia
997dde3369e02397bd15b56519f45c13e18f2b46
monica lamb-powell or monica lamb is an american
monica lamb-powell or monica lamb is an american former basketball player. she played for the houston comets in the wnba and us national teams. she is now the founder and president of the monica lamb wellness foundation. lamb played on the 1983 world university games team, coached by jill hutchison. she helped the team...
wikipedia
65588dabbea995b2c0046f662c8910b6d2fa2ab3
lamb was selected to be a member of
lamb was selected to be a member of the team representing the us at the 1987 world university games held in zagreb, yugoslavia. the usa team won four of the five contests. in the opening game against poland, lamb was the second leading scorer for the us with 16 points. after winning their next game against finland, the...
wikipedia
a9ab7f0cc122e0607995d7d3f68c0b7a828ff340
monica lamb-powell or monica lamb (born october 11,
monica lamb-powell or monica lamb (born october 11, 1964) is an american former basketball player. she played for the houston comets in the wnba and us national teams. she is now the founder and president of the monica lamb wellness foundation.
wikipedia
21e1de4736f6016edb8478d7dcdc7c93110b2d39
after spending a second season in the french
after spending a second season in the french ligue magnus with brûleurs de loups, harty left as a free agent to sign a one-year contract with slovenian outfit, hdd olimpija ljubljana of the austrian ebel on july 8, 2016.
wikipedia
df36a9cbb14fec0321d3c794c943c165de6d2b0f
on june 1, 2013, harty left the french
on june 1, 2013, harty left the french league as a free agent and signed a one-year contract with swedish hockeyallsvenskan club, mora ik. on june 23, 2014, harty signed a one-year contract with fellow hockeyallsvenskan team if björklöven.
wikipedia
0d451c0ac1cde85cfcac28f44e298bc740ca7a77
with limited north american interest, harty signed his
with limited north american interest, harty signed his first full professional contract in france with ducs d'angers of the ligue magnus on june 12, 2012. in re-uniting with previous junior silvertips assistant coach jay varady, harty competed in 18 games with the league-leading "ducs" (= long-eared owl) to compile two...
wikipedia
fe24ff669f9609eea9f636c699d3caa8e9a4b012
after a four-year major junior career with the
after a four-year major junior career with the everett silvertips of the western hockey league, harty played collegiate hockey with the university of new brunswick of the canadian interuniversity sport. upon completion of a decorated career with the varsity reds, harty began his professional career at the tail end of t...
wikipedia
500d2ae73ea83accd11ebe637af61c7190887615
in mathematics, the discrete sine transform (dst) is
in mathematics, the discrete sine transform (dst) is a fourier-related transform similar to the discrete fourier transform (dft), but using a purely real matrix. it is equivalent to the imaginary parts of a dft of roughly twice the length, operating on real data with odd symmetry, where in some variants the input and/o...
wikipedia
3e66eca0ad60f9ed9a29ce3cfeb3a0eafe3dfd4d
a dst-iii or dst-iv can be computed from
a dst-iii or dst-iv can be computed from a dct-iii or dct-iv (see discrete cosine transform), respectively, by reversing the order of the inputs and flipping the sign of every other output, and vice versa for dst-ii from dct-ii. in this way it follows that types ii–iv of the dst require exactly the same number of arith...
wikipedia
912fe01e8516e9f7faa8ffdffcfd239f290c7191
although the direct application of these formulas would
although the direct application of these formulas would require o(n) operations, it is possible to compute the same thing with only o(n log n) complexity by factorizing the computation similar to the fast fourier transform (fft). (one can also compute dsts via ffts combined with o(n) pre- and post-processing steps.)
wikipedia
401659ef7cc993dbadf4149b7d4e78a8039372c2
as for the dft, the normalization factor in
as for the dft, the normalization factor in front of these transform definitions is merely a convention and differs between treatments. for example, some authors multiply the transforms by 2 / n {\textstyle {\sqrt {2/n}}} so that the inverse does not require any additional multiplicative factor.
wikipedia
13c8b4ba2ea3036c825ffb1328a63bc3acd1202e
the inverse of dst-i is dst-i multiplied by
the inverse of dst-i is dst-i multiplied by 2/(n + 1). the inverse of dst-iv is dst-iv multiplied by 2/ n. the inverse of dst-ii is dst-iii multiplied by 2/ n (and vice versa).
wikipedia
f30ef3e9aec1ca632341dfafb0ed0c8218fa47d2
dst types i–iv are equivalent to real-odd dfts
dst types i–iv are equivalent to real-odd dfts of even order. in principle, there are actually four additional types of discrete sine transform (martucci, 1994), corresponding to real-odd dfts of logically odd order, which have factors of n +1/2 in the denominators of the sine arguments. however, these variants seem to...
wikipedia