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In the case of a notorious Ukrainian oligarch shows how vulnerable the international financial system for criminal transactions. It is the oldest Bank in the United States is playing an inglorious role.
The first round in the fight against the U.S. Department of justice, has lost to Dmitro Firtash, but he doesn’t give up. Since then, the Supreme court has agreed to Austria in June 2019, with his extradition to the United States, to try his lawyers, to avert the worst of it yet. But Firtash, 55 years old, notorious Ukrainian billionaire, stuck in Vienna, at the headquarters of his corporate Empire since he was indicted in the US for alleged payments of bribes over 18.5 million dollars in connection with titanium mining in India. He is only on bail, and the world is talking about it: a Ukrainian oligarch with the best contacts to Russia, from the FBI allegations, and the alleged formation of a criminal Association, being hunted because of bribery, even in affair of the American President Donald Trump, in which he is said to have played with a million payments a roller pulled in the Ukraine. | <urn:uuid:527bc8bc-530a-4151-b83c-ef53b46397ed> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://etrendystock.com/fincen-files-such-as-bny-mellon-is-an-oligarch-helped-economy-36817.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.976458 | 238 | 1.601563 | 2 |
Are you planning on what activity to do next with that special someone, Patrick Eugene’s- “WHERE DO WE GO FROM HERE” exhibition at the Gallery 1957 will be the perfect conversation started to get to know more about the special someone.
Where Do We Go From Here? borrows its title from Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s seminal and final text. The works consist of still, nuanced and pensive vignettes, figuratively representing Black artists as they conceptualize creativity. Eugène has created a body of work that departs from acutely rendered facial features, and deploys loose, layered strokes of pigment that depict the energetic auras of his subjects. The work honors the rigorous mental, and emotional labor that artists are tasked to selflessly encounter and endure, in order to create work that might inspire, heal, spur thought, and social change.
In 1967, Rev.Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. isolated himself from the demands of the Civil Rights Movement, rented a house in Jamaica with no telephone, and labored over his final manuscript. Similarly, In the isolation and solitude enabled by the pandemic, Eugène spent countless hours praying and painting alone, as a spiritual practice of self-care. The daily routine led him to consider how Black artists who experienced traumatic times of the past, while creating profound work, also practiced selfcare. For Where Do We Go From Here? Eugène transposes vintage photography depicting Black artists both candidly and formally posed, into composite portraits that deviate from naturalism, evoking the expressionism indicative of West African masks, and composed in the vibrant hues of Hatian carnival.
Though strongly referencing the past, Eugène’s current body of work facilitates an existential and intersectional dialogue rooted in contemporary concepts of Blackness and Pan-Africanism, while in conversation with the styles of historic Black artists like Beauford Delaney, Horace Pippin, and Boscoe Holder. While conceptually traversing through a lens of the past, Eugène deploys his own emotions, and narratives deriving from introspection and his personal search for the creative self. With a robust painterly technique, displaying broad strokes, layered hues, and impressionistic lighting, Eugène reimagines present day contemporary dancers, poets, painters and sculptors, and voids that subtly represent domestic space.
Where Do We Go From Here explores how canonical Western art movements, such as Mannerism, Primitivism, and Abstract Expressionism which were deeply dependent on the cultural production of Africa and this contemporary moment are inextricably linked. Eugène’s elegant, sumptuous, expressive, and mannerist style, poetically documents the human condition, while focusing on a community that continues to face grave societal challenges.
Eugène leverages the beauty, bravery, brilliance, and boldness of Black artists of the past, presenting a compelling reminder of their living legacy. It is clear that for this artist, the answer to Dr. King’s haunting question of “where do we go from here?” is found in imagining where one’s ancestors have already been.
An excerpt of exhibition text by Danny Dunson.
Source: Gallery 1957
Click on the comment box below and leave us your thoughts. Thank you | <urn:uuid:3189dada-fae4-444a-bfb0-24d03b7c7ef9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://kuulpeeps.com/2021/08/26/plan-your-date-with-a-visit-to-patrick-eugene-where-do-we-go-from-here-gallery-1957-exhibition/pop-culture | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.932156 | 690 | 1.6875 | 2 |
Kenya lies astride the equator, extending from the Indian Ocean in the east to Uganda in the west and from the United Republic of Tanzania in the south to Ethiopia and Sudan in the north. On the east and north-east, it borders Somalia.
How close is Kenya to the equator?
How far is Kenya from the equator and on what hemisphere is it? Kenya is 69.09 mi (111.20 km) north of the equator, so it is located in the northern hemisphere.
Where is Kenya located?
Kenya is located in East Africa. Its terrain rises from a low coastal plain on the Indian Ocean to mountains and plateaus at its center. Most Kenyans live in the highlands, where Nairobi, the capital, sits at an altitude of 5,500 feet (1,700 meters).
Is Nairobi Kenya north or south of the equator?
As Nairobi is situated close to the equator, the differences between the seasons are minimal.
What climate zone is Kenya in?
Kenya is an African country, bisected by the Equator, yet it has three types of climate: hot and humid along the coast (zone 1 on the map), temperate in the west and south-west, where there are mountains and plateaus (zone 2 on the map), and finally, hot and dry in the north and east (zone 3 on the map).
Is Nairobi on the equator?
Nairobi is 88.05 mi (141.70 km) south of the equator, so it is located in the southern hemisphere.
Is Nairobi Kenya close to the equator?
The distance between Nairobi and Equator is 199 km. The road distance is 233.4 km.
Is Kenya a poor?
Kenya is a lower-middle income economy. Although Kenya’s economy is the largest and most developed in eastern and central Africa, 36.1% (2015/2016) of its population lives below the international poverty line. This severe poverty is mainly caused by economic inequality, government corruption and health problems.
Why is Kenya famous?
Kenya is known for the Big Five and the Great Wildebeest Migration. It’s also known for its world record-breaking athletes, its rich biodiversity, and great safari destinations. Kenya is known for being home to Lupita Nyong’o and Barrack Obama Snr. The most famous foods in Kenya are Nyama Choma and Githeri.
Why is Kenya called Kenya?
Kenya is named after a mountain of the same name. The Kikuyu people, who lived around present day Mt Kenya, referred to it as “Kirinyaga” or “Kerenyaga”, meaning mountain of whiteness because of its snow-capped peak. … However, the name ‘Kenya” arose out of the inability of the British to pronounce Kirinyaga correctly.
Why is Nairobi the capital of Kenya?
Nairobi was founded in 1899 by the colonial authorities in British East Africa, as a rail depot on the Uganda Railway. … After independence in 1963, Nairobi became the capital of the Republic of Kenya. During Kenya’s colonial period, the city became a centre for the colony’s coffee, tea and sisal industry.
Why is Kenya so cold?
The reason being that during this time of the year we get an incursion of cold air from the South (Southern Hemisphere) where we have winter at this particular time. When that happens, especially at the surface level, then it gets really cold.
Is Kenya in West Africa?
Kenya, officially the Republic of Kenya (Swahili: Jamhuri ya Kenya), is a country in Eastern Africa.
Is Kenya a hot or cold country?
Kenya lies on the equator and has a pleasant, tropical climate, but there are large regional climatic variations influenced by several factors, including altitude. Kenya’s daytime temperatures average between 20°C/68°F and 28°C/82°F, but it is warmer on the coast.
Why is Kenya so hot?
Kenya’s weather is dictated by monsoon winds, which help to make the high temperatures of the coast more bearable. The winds also influence the country’s rainy seasons, the longest of which lasts from April to June.
Does it snow in Kenya?
Snow and rain are common from March to December, but especially in the two wet seasons. The wet seasons combined account for 5/6 of the annual precipitation. | <urn:uuid:afe8162d-2472-4c85-9593-3f84d366997d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://lexpressbooking.com/african-countries/your-question-is-kenya-on-the-equator.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00264.warc.gz | en | 0.958918 | 965 | 3.609375 | 4 |
Security pass granted, Dr Shirvani (Univ, 2009) takes me right to the top floor of the European Bank of Reconstruction and Development, which is next to London’s Liverpool Street station at One Exchange Square, not a widely appreciated fact.
‘People assume that we must be in Washington DC – which makes sense because the World Bank is there, and that came out of the International Bank of Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) founded to rebuild Europe after World War Two.’
The European Bank of Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), where Tara has worked since 2018 after a five-year stint at the World Bank, arose instead on the crumbly ruins of the Berlin Wall and the USSR. If its forbear rebuilt Europe after the war, so the EBRD has rebuilt Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union, from a London base.
Alighting from a very rapid lift, we enter a boardroom which exudes hushed power.
Resembling the UN Council with a huge oval of chairs, and desks equipped with translation headsets and microphones, the vast space is bounded by flags of 67-member states, creating a colourful pageantry.
Tara’s job title is ‘Principle Specialist, Sustainable Transport Infrastructure Policy and Project Preparation.’ ‘I’m a transport specialist with a climate change/digital technology brief’, she says, adding that in March she spoke at the TEDxCambridge main conference about the implications of block chain for the energy sector. She leads the ‘greening’ and ‘smarting’ of €1 billion a year in transport funds, a huge role at the age of 31.
Aren’t big development banks too often famous for funding insensitive dams, motorways or coal-powered power stations. What does green actually mean here, I ask?
Shirvani says that the bank recently adopted a ‘no coal, no caveats’ financing policy and has slashed lending to oil exploration and production projects. ‘This is a big step in the right direction and certainly brings into sharper relief the activities of Chinese and other development banks that finance huge numbers of coal and oil projects around the world.’
In her previous, not dissimilar role at the World Bank, Tara helped to deploy a rapid transit bus pilot in Dakar, Senegal, the first of its kind in Francophone West Africa. At the EBRD she’s spearheading a green cities initiative, which is also very attentive to the potential for new technology.
‘The EBRD is in pole-position to exploit the 4th industrial technology for its members. I view everything through a green lens but also through a smart innovation lens…’
One example of a tech-green tie-up is a smart-refuse project in Amman, Jordan, where cheap sensors inside civic waste bins will lead to a ‘smart’ refuse collection based on actual need, reducing driven miles and air pollution. In Tbilisi, Georgia, an ERBD loan and grant has replaced 143 obsolete diesel buses with modern, low floor Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) buses, reducing climate emissions and more especially local emissions injurious to public health.
In the bigger picture, Tara talks about greening the ‘Silk Road’, adding that she’s advising the Government of Azerbaijan on a digitalization strategy for the Middle Corridor, the key freight line of the New Silk Road project stretching from China all the way to the Black Sea and beyond. Alongside, ‘a major Green Ports project to integrate renewable energy into port operations in Baku… to achieve sustainable trade and transport between the Caspian Sea Ports of Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan and the wider region, including Europe.’
The daughter of Iranian parents, Tara lived in Vienna, Austria, until the age of 19, her father having moved there to pursue a PhD in forestry. This explains why Tara speaks not only Farsi and English, but German and French. Criss-cross that international background with a BSc in International Management including corporate finance, a Cambridge MPhil in Engineering and an Oxford DPhil in Inorganic Chemistry and Fuel Technology, and the resulting skillset is impressive. Tara also professes an abiding enthusiasm for politics, even though its harsh realities so often frustrate idealism and what she refers to as ‘the holistic view of things.’
In this, her Oxford mentor and supervisor, former Chief Science advisor to the British government and inaugural Director of Oxford’s Smith School of Enterprise and the Environment, Sir David King, was a perfect match and Tara describes him in 2019 as a dear friend and ‘incredible force of nature, still advising the government of Rwanda on COP climate strategy.’
The subject of her research at Oxford was whether algae could be grown in massive quantities to create biofuels to replace fossil fuels. The blunt answer is yes in theory, but not in practice unless oil were to rise steeply in price.
The context of her deep dive into algae was controversy around biofuels. ‘They had a very negative image in the media [in 2009]. If you take corn and maize to produce vehicle fuel, you get food price inflation. I remember protests in Mexico. We were looking at alternatives. Algae looked very promising because you don’t need as much land. We quantified it. Planting a land-space the size of Texas with algae ponds would replace the entire global transport demand for fossil fuels, vehicular, aviation, marine – everything.’
‘But,’ she continues, ‘it’s one thing to have a holistic view of things, say climate change. But the leap to policy implementation is something else. You have to understand the hard practicalities. Engineering; cost; application. That is critical, but also really valuable in the era of fake news and often blunt disregard for evidence.
In the case of algae, it hasn’t taken off because the transition from laboratory to commercial production hasn’t been straightforward or cost effective, quite apart from the abrupt change in US energy politics with the Trump Presidency.
Tara continues, ‘There’s no commercial production yet [of algae for fuel]. Only as part of a blend,’ she says, continuing, ‘…what I learned from my Oxford DPhil is that the devil is always in the detail.’
Having published several articles about Iranian gas production and the diplomacy of sanctions, she knows that energy is above all a political matter, not merely an environmental one.
Noting that she still has lots of family in Iran, and returns there frequently, one of her former inquiries (during the Obama Presidency) concerned whether Iranian gas supplies might have balanced Europe’s dependency on Russia. She’s also done policy work on how to reduce fuel subsidies within Iran, an urgent domestic matter given that Teheran, trapped between mountains, has some of the worst air quality in the world.
Sitting here as we are in the great empty boardroom while Joby sets up his lights for photos, I can sense Tara’s wide interest in policy, which at the end of the day is where any initiative for change has to find acceptance and execution. Is politics a possible future career path?
‘Well yes! A lot of my friends keep asking me about that. But the political climate in Austria is not compatible right now. The very right-wing government in place doesn’t fall within my values. It’s very difficult.’
What is her advice for women contemplating careers in the broad area of engineering and science? She says that she was raised to believe in gender equality and found it both at Oxford and internally at the World Bank. ‘However when you then start working in different countries with different cultural backgrounds, suddenly you realize that the concepts of ‘mansplaining’ and ‘maninterrupting’ are real…it is not easy, not comfortable, you have to learn to stand up for yourself, but to me this is the only path worth walking on.’
Tara remembers Oxford - and her Blue in waterpolo
Tara, what do you remember from your first day at Oxford?
‘I met Sir David at The Smith School. It was a bustling, bubbling world of academia but also a start-up atmosphere. I was shuffled in as a junior, to do research. He was very approachable and it was very natural, not a set event. We just had a coffee in the department. One of the best memories, on reflection, because itall began here!’
I still find it amusing, this Oxford-Cambridge rivalry. You’re brain-washed to think the other university is the inferior one, and there’s lots of bashing! I came to Oxford from Cambridge. When you convert to the other side you see the similarities and the spirit, and also some differences. Oxford is much bigger, and Cambridge felt like a Hogwart bubble.
Oxford felt like a proper city, with its own charm. Univ is on the High so close to the pulse, the student life. While the Oxford Tube was right there on my doorstep to whisk me away I never wanted to escape much, unlike at Cambridge. I was very happy to be in Oxford.
My time at Oxford was really my time to explore everything that could possibly cross my mind. The world was my oyster. Women’s boxing; water polo; college life. I never felt claustrophic. Everything was possible. It was brilliant.’
What was your typical day as a graduate student studying for a DPhil in inorganic chemistry?
7 until 8am was swim training, followed by porridge at Pret. Then I ran to the Department or the Smith School (I split my time between them). Lunch was typically back at Univ. Around 5pm, a talk or a lecture. Readers will relate. There was always something to do, someone to meet. The Smith School had an amazing speaker forum. Bill Clinton came. All the places were taken and it was over-subscribed, so I took a side staircase to stand in the gallery. Who was walking down it but Clinton himself! I caught him and we chatted for five minutes. That was one of the best coincidences I could ever have imagined.
What is the lasting value of a DPhil degree from Oxford, as you see it now, seven years later?
There was a direct application of knowledge to policy because of how the Smith School operated, so there was no question of being trapped in an ivory tower. But now I’m on the other side of that equation in my career, the real value of the degree was the academic rigour. I was able to co-author publications, cultivate a rigorous mindset and adopt research as a life habit rather than something you just do at college.
Something to change at Oxford?
I remain puzzled about the ‘Don’t walk on the grass’ business! There were occasions when this rule was broken! I also think that Oxford came late to the table for cultivating links with commerce and industry.
I understand that has changed, but perhaps it could still do more.
Are you still in touch with Oxford?
Yes, but I don’t go back there as much as I’d like to.
How did you become a blue in water polo?
Sport was very important to me at Oxford. Water polo is a contact sport and the typical injury is a broken nose from someone’s elbow. You’re in a pool and there is a net and a ball. You have to be a very good swimmer. It can get pretty physical. You get bathing suit pulling and nipple-twisting to make someone let go of the ball, not stuff that a casual watcher would observe on the surface!
As for the Varsity match, I played defence and we played at home in the then-new Rosenblatt Swimming Pool on the Iffley Road. We completely lost! They had a crack squad of competitive players. Yet I was massively proud of my blue jacket. I wore it for a year and then lost it in the US – a cleaning lady at the World Bank threw it out. I could have replaced it but decided not to. I’ve seen alumni trying to squeeze into their blues jackets 40 years later. It doesn’t always work! | <urn:uuid:28999668-1c3e-4dfa-8050-09a9e7ece0d4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://alumni.ox.ac.uk/quad/article/tara-shirvani-greening-silk-road | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.966303 | 2,603 | 1.71875 | 2 |
Injury - bladder and urethra; Bruised bladder; Urethral injury; Bladder injury; Pelvic fracture; Urethral disruption; Bladder perforation
Traumatic injury of the bladder and urethra involves damage caused by an outside force.
Types of bladder injuries include:
The amount of injury to the bladder depends on:
Injury to the bladder due to trauma is not very common. The bladder is located within the bones of the pelvis. This protects it from most outside forces. Injury may occur if there is a blow to the pelvis severe enough to break the bones. In this case, bone fragments may pierce the bladder wall. Less than 1 in 10 pelvic fractures lead to bladder injury.
Other causes of bladder or urethra injury include:
Injury to the bladder or urethra may cause urine to leak into the abdomen. This may lead to infection.
Some common symptoms are:
Shock or internal bleeding may occur after a bladder injury. This is a medical emergency. Symptoms include:
If there is no or little urine released, there may be an increased risk for urinary tract infections (UTI) or kidney damage.
An exam of the genitals may show injury to the urethra. If the health care provider suspects an injury, you may have the following tests:
The exam may also show:
A catheter may be inserted once an injury of the urethra has been ruled out. This is a tube that drains urine from the body. An x-ray of the bladder using dye to highlight any damage can then be done.
The goals of treatment are to:
Emergency treatment of bleeding or shock may include:
Emergency surgery may be done to repair the injury and drain the urine from the abdominal cavity in case of extensive injury or peritonitis (inflammation of the abdominal cavity).
The injury can be repaired with surgery in most cases. The bladder may be drained by a catheter through the urethra or the abdominal wall (called a suprapubic tube) over a period of days to weeks. This will prevent urine from building up in the bladder. It will also allow the injured bladder or urethra to heal and prevent swelling in the urethra from blocking urine flow.
If the urethra has been cut, a urological specialist can try to put a catheter in place. If this cannot be done, a tube will be inserted through the abdominal wall directly into the bladder. This is called a suprapubic tube. It will be left in place until the swelling goes away and the urethra can be repaired with surgery. This takes 3 to 6 months.
Injury of the bladder and urethra due to trauma can be minor or fatal. Short- or long-term serious complications can occur.
Some of the possible complications of injury of the bladder and urethra are:
Call the local emergency number (911) or go to the emergency room if you have an injury to the bladder or urethra.
Call your provider if symptoms get worse or new symptoms develop, including:
Prevent outside injury to the bladder and urethra by following these safety tips:
Brandes SB, Eswara JR. Upper urinary tract trauma. Partin AW, Dmochowski RR, Kavoussi LR, Peters CA, eds. Campbell-Walsh-Wein Urology. 12th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 90.
Shewakramani SN. Genitourinary system. In: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018:chap 40.BACK TO TOP
Review Date: 4/26/2020
Reviewed By: Kelly L. Stratton, MD, FACS, Assistant Professor, Department of Urology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.
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The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed medical professional should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. © 1997- 2022 A.D.A.M., a business unit of Ebix, Inc. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited. | <urn:uuid:e649f699-b789-457d-bdc1-39d33cc94a8b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ssl.adam.com/content.aspx?productid=617&isarticlelink=false&pid=1&gid=001063&site=slu.adam.com&login=SLUC3551 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.896218 | 1,121 | 3.25 | 3 |
This title is not a book, but a CD-Rom format of an almost complete and rare collection of timetables plus other data. The files are in PDF format and may be printed.
The Santa Fe, Prescott &, Phoenix Railway was incorporated in May 1891 and built to service the populace and mining communities of central Arizona, later becoming an intricate part of the Atchison, Topeka &, Santa Fe Railway in Arizona.
At Ash Fork, Arizona this line connected with the Atlantic &, Pacific Railroad (an AT&,SF subsidiary) and extended south 196 miles to Prescott and Phoenix, Arizona. This segment was nicknamed 'The Peavine' for it's winding route. This line included a number of branch line (Phoenix &, Eastern Junction to Middleton, Poland Junction to Poland, and Phoenix to Mesa, Arizona).
This collection covers the period from 1893 to 1921 before the trackage came under AT&,SF Coast Lines Albuquerque and Arizona Divisions.
Data includes station names with train schedule of times, train numbers, classes of trains, service facilities, side track capacity, telegraph call letters and more. The timetables are professionally and beautifully reproduced in Color and in their original archival state.
Omni Publications, CD-Rom PDF timetable collection. | <urn:uuid:c3f43c84-c32e-4e2e-b5df-732db4c67420> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.arizonahobbies.com/Santa-Fe-Prescott-Phoenix-Railway-Employee-Timetables-1893-1921-on-CD-Rom-PDF_p_4966.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.915359 | 261 | 1.976563 | 2 |
Moss can be a pesky and persistent problem for homeowners, growing on roofs and in gutters and causing damage that can lead to costly clogged gutters and leaks. In this blog post, we will discuss how to clean moss off roof tiles and gutters, as well as some tips for proper long term maintenance. Let’s get started!
What is Moss and Why Does it Grow on Roofs and in Gutters?
Moss is a small, green plant that grows in damp areas. Mosses don’t have seeds but reproduce mainly by spreading their tiny spores.
Moss is often found growing on roofs and gutters because these surfaces are usually shady and moist. Mosses have their benefits including insulating a building or providing a home for small animals however, while generally harmless, they can cause problems if they start to grow in cracks or crevices in your roof or gutters.
How Does Moss Damage Roofs and Gutters, and What are the Consequences of Letting it Go Untreated?
Moss can damage roofs and gutters in several ways. First, moss holds moisture against the roof, which can lead to rot and deterioration of the shingles or other materials. Moss can also clog gutters, leading to water buildup and potential leaks.
In addition, the weight of moss can damage gutters and downspouts, making them more likely to break or collapse and cause a flood in your home. Finally, moss may attract nesting birds or insects, which are likely to cause further damage to the roof and gutter system.
Untreated moss can lead to a number of problems, including:
- Premature deterioration in roof structure, leading to expensive repairs or replacements.
- Clogged drainage systems, causing water damage to your home’s foundations.
- Increased weight of rooftops and other structures, placing undue stress on the building’s framing.
- The harbouring of pests and diseases that can infect plants or trees around your home and may even make you ill.
- An ideal environment for algae growth, which releases toxins that can discolour stonework and damage plants.
- Creating a lingering unpleasant damp smell in and around your home.
Out of all of the above, the most significant problem moss can cause is severe water damage. Moss absorbs water like a sponge, and if it’s allowed to accumulate on a roof or in gutters, it can cause the wood to rot, the metal to rust, and the seams of roofs to leak. This will not only cost a fortune to repair but in extreme cases, can even cause roofs to collapse posing potential risk to life.
Luckily the build up of moss is preventable and easy to maintain.
What Are Some Economical Ways to Prevent Moss Buildup on Your Roof and in Your Gutters?
There are a few ways to prevent moss buildup in your gutters. The most simple way it can be removed is by scrubbing with a brush, or by using a high-pressure hose. You can also install gutter guards or screens to keep the leaves and debris out once they have been cleared. It is important to make sure that your gutters are properly pitched so that water can flow freely through them and prevent stagnant puddles.
You may want to consider having your gutters professionally cleaned once a year. This will help ensure that they stay clear and functioning properly. As mentioned above, moss buildup on your roof and in your gutters can result in costly damage so it’s definitely worth it to keep them clean. The price of a professional gutter cleaning service will be far less than having to replace your roof!
Considerations When Removing Moss From Roofs and Gutters
- The type of moss – there are two types of moss – green and black. Green moss is more common, and can be removed by hand or with a pressure washer. Black moss is harder to remove, and may require chemical treatment.
- The condition of the roof or gutter – if the roof or gutter is damaged, it may need to be repaired before the moss can be removed. If there is any sign of damage, we recommend that you enlist the services of a professional for your own personal safety.
- What type of roofing material is used – some roofing materials (like asphalt shingles) are more susceptible to moss damage than others. So if you have a particular type of roofing material, again, you may want to consult with a professional before removing the moss yourself.
- Beware of animals – it is not uncommon for birds to create nests in gutters that contain a lot of debris. Many of these birds are protected and you should not attempt to remove them without professional input. Inspect your gutters thoroughly for any birds before beginning the cleaning process.
How Gutter Maintenance UK Can Help
Keeping your gutters clean and free of moss is important for both the aesthetic appeal of your home and the function of your gutters. Gutter Maintenance UK can help you with both regular inspections and treatment to keep your gutters in top condition.
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The Eastern Himalayan Naturenomics™ School had conducted an outreach programme on Earth Day.
> The objective of the programme was to spread awareness on the significance of Earth Day, as well as to promote the initiatives taken up by Balipara Foundation to commemorate this day Earth Day had begun on 22nd April 1970, as a people’s movement in protest of environmental degradation in the United States of America. Ever since, the Earth Day Network (EDN) has coordinated events in support of environmental protection on Earth Day every year, with participation from more than 192 countries. The day brings forward a vast range of global issues, such as pollution, deforestation, improper waste disposal, climate change, conservation of ecosystems, energy and resources, population explosion, etc., with a different theme every year. The theme for this year was ‘Protect Our Species’.
The Eastern Himalayan Naturenomics™ School, under the aegis of the Earth Day Network, had conducted an
awareness programme and plantation drive at Rangapara College and Tezpur College on the 22nd and 23rd
April, 2019, respectively.
On both the days, the programme had started with a welcome speech by the Principal
of the college, after which representatives from Balipara Foundation had shared with the participants the various
initiatives, verticals and projects of the organization. A detailed presentation was shown on the history and
significance of Earth Day, and what could be done at the individual-level to help assuage global environmental
problems. The programme at Tezpur College was strengthened by the presence of the coordinator of IQAC-
NAAC (Internal Quality Assurance Cell for National Assessment and Accreditation Council). The event ended by
donation of 3000 saplings of fruit-bearing trees by Balipara Foundation to each college. Later, the saplings were
distributed among students, teaching and non-teaching staffs. At Rangapara College, several saplings were also
implanted around the college playground by some members of faculty.
Impacts of the event:
> The audience was encouraged to observe Earth Day every year through the medium of various
activities and awareness programs.
> The event disseminated knowledge about the importance of the history of the Earth day and its journey | <urn:uuid:8bbb13d3-8567-440a-98ec-fed612757405> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://baliparafoundation.com/naturenomics-school-outreach-programme | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.953356 | 478 | 2.65625 | 3 |
Touring bluegrass musician Annie Savage doubles as Liberty High orchestra teacher
Between daily 10-hour practices and regular auditions for classical symphony orchestras during college, violinist Annie Savage had a sudden realization.
"I was going to graduate from conservatory and I was not going to know how to make a career out of music," Savage said.
A decade of touring later, Savage is trying to make sure North Liberty high school students don't stumble onto a similar epiphany.
During the summer, the Liberty High orchestra teacher performs across North America in the bluegrass band Savage Hearts. During the school year, she teaches the tricks of the trade she's learned through trial and error, alongside music theory.
'Usually you read off the page, you do exactly what the page says'
Savage does about 100 performances annually, mostly during the summer months.
In July, the band bounced between Iowa and Canada for various bluegrass festivals. During the school year, however, she books shows for String Theory, a band featuring Liberty High orchestra players and some of Savage's colleagues.
She teaches traditional orchestra classes, but she also teaches improvisational bluegrass classes where students are encouraged to perform in the community. She says she wants students to feel like they can have a musical career after school — or at least find ways to keep playing their instruments in their community after graduation.
She reasons that bluegrass can be more approachable than classical orchestra, and live performances give students a feel for what its like to be a professional performer.
Her approach to teaching is refreshing, says Liberty High junior Ethan Benedict.
"Orchestra is usually you read off the page, you do exactly what the page says," he said. "Her way is you learn to understand music theory so that you can then do whatever you want."
Benedict, a cellist, helped out during a free bluegrass clinic Savage hosted at the West Music store in Coralville this July. He said he doesn't want to make a career out of performing, but he said he's going to try to find some sort of group to keep playing with after graduation.
'Making music as a contact sport'
Savage herself got hooked on performing when she was in grade school. While her friends were going to prom, she says she was performing at retirement homes — she jokes that some of her best friends in high school were in their 80s.
At the time, she saw the performances as an act of charity, but when she reflects back on that time, she said the service they did for her — the chance to engage with an audience — really shaped her as a performer.
She says she wants her students to have similarly positive experiences performing. Maybe most importantly, she wants her students to learn to collaborate on a performance.
"I see making music as a contact sport — many of the benefits you get from any team activity also occur in an ensemble," she said. "You have to work together to reach your vision."
Savage says she also tries to help students develop the skills needed for performing. More often than not, these skills are similar to those of a small business owner, she said.
"How to make a set list, how to come up with a catchy band name, how to play a gig in a restaurant or coffee shop where there is a lot of talking, how to run sound — what do you do when you need to amplify?"
The advice is helpful, says Amelia Rios, a Liberty High junior who describes herself as shy. But Rios says what she's really gotten from Savage's class is confidence.
"She knows how to get people out of their shell," Rios said. "She knows how make people smile when they are having a bad day."
Rios said she's wanted to be a professional musician since elementary school, when she was first introduced to Lindsey Stirling, a violinist known for incorporating dance into her performances.
Heading into ninth grade, Rios said, she couldn't imagine herself mustering the confidence to perform in live venues. She said the prospect intimidated her.
Being part of String Theory changed that. Now she runs through sets at nearby festivals and the Iowa City Friday Concert series.
"It's fun — it's definitely a learning experience, too," Rios said.
'Your job as an artist is to ...'
Katie Senn says she's seen several students come out of their shell in Savage's class. Senn is a member of the Awful Purdies, another bluegrass band Savage helped found, and used to teach with Savage in the Cedar Rapids Community School District.
The improvisational style of bluegrass helps, Senn said. Within a song, players with less experience can play rhythm or backup while more experienced musicians can try their hand at the melody or take on a solo.
"You get away from the page, which is really hard," she said. "But what [bluegrass] does is it encourages players who might not have the skills with their fingers yet to participate in a musical experience."
This July, Senn helped with Savage's bluegrass clinic at West Music, where Senn now works as a content and community engagement manager. Senn said she's always excited to have another reason to work with Savage — the violinist, she says, has a way of getting through to students.
"That was always a heartbreaking thing to me when I would have student who would graduate and say, 'I haven't touched a cello in five years,'" Senn said. "I think if kids have a way to see it, then they can do it. So she's creating that vision."
Savage's main advice to these students is "authenticity sells."
"Your job as an artist is to get the technique and the technical skills, but never underestimate the power of being authentic," she said. "Because when you are authentic, you never have to compete with anybody else."
Reporter Aimee Breaux covers education for the Press-Citizen. Reach her at firstname.lastname@example.org or 319-887-5414, and follow her on Twitter @aimee_breaux. | <urn:uuid:f38b275b-8513-46f2-8810-2500bb5eefd3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.press-citizen.com/story/news/education/2018/08/01/savage-hearts-annie-savage-bluegrass-music-liberty-high-orchestra-director/841696002/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.984707 | 1,278 | 1.664063 | 2 |
Can you explain to me what is adverb and adjective?
Briefly, an adjective modifies a noun, and an adverb modifies a verb or an adjective. See HERE and HERE for more.
In addition, you might want to study types of adverbs and usage of adverbs.[YSaerTTEW443543]
TOEIC short conversations: Getting directions to the library.[YSaerTTEW443543] | <urn:uuid:4cb2717f-7dde-41fb-8061-59ed02c71fa1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://forum.english.best/t/what-is-adverb-and-adjective/15579 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.897963 | 99 | 2.8125 | 3 |
With President Donald Trump set to leave the White House in less than a day, the fired ex-director of the Department of Homeland Security's cybersecurity agency expressed concern for the lasting impacts of the disinformation spread by the outgoing president and called for consequences following the attack on the U.S. Capitol.
Christopher Krebs, a longtime Republican and former head of the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, was fired by Trump over Twitter on Nov. 17. The move came just a few days after CISA and other federal agencies released a statement saying the 2020 presidential election was the "most secure in American history," with no evidence votes were deleted, lost, changed or "in any way compromised."
Krebs said that in order for the country to move forward, it's "critical" that elected officials, including the president, who spread the "big lie" that preceded the Jan. 6 attack on Capitol Hill, are held accountable.
"We really [have been] at an inflection point in democracy for far too long," he told "Nightline" host Juju Chang. "These massive disinformation campaigns that are demonstrably false and have been disproven and debunked over and over and over again, and yet, they're still propagated by elected officials. They're still propagated online and [on] fringe media and fringe networks. There has to be consequences for what, ultimately, is the 'big lie' that led to Jan. 6."
Leading up to the election, Krebs said that his work mainly involved creating partnerships with state officials responsible for the election to strengthen their operations and share cybersecurity information. He said they focused on "improving the security of their systems" and their resiliency, so that "even if you have a bad day ... you can fall back on some sort of analog or, in this case, paper ballot-based, evidence-based system."
"I will always thank the officials in Pennsylvania and Georgia, because what really saved the day from a public confidence perspective, and the ability to really demonstrably prove that the election was not stolen or rigged were paper ballots, and those two states ... did not have statewide paper-based systems in 2016. They made those investments in the changeover to 2020."
Krebs was subjected to persistent attacks from not only the president but also his Twitter followers in the wake of his termination. Then, in December, a Trump campaign lawyer appeared on the conservative outlet Newsmax, where he called Krebs an "idiot" and said the former DHS official should be "shot."
But amid what he said were "death threats and other character assassinations," he rests easy because he believes he "did the right thing and put country over party."
Krebs said that in the coming months, he expects the various roles that elected officials played leading up to the insurrection on Jan. 6 to come to light. But he said that ultimately, the president should have known better.
"He should be bigger than all of this. He should care about the United States of America and democracy worldwide," Krebs said. "And I'm not sure we're seeing that follow-through right now."
Krebs said that even if Trump didn't intend to incite an insurrection, "his followers certainly took his words to heart." Now, he says Trump should be convicted in the Senate after the House voted to impeach Trump last week.
"My premise here is that there has to be accountability for inciting an insurrection, which is what this was," Krebs said. "The noble step would have been the president admitting to the American people and the world that he lied, that it was not a stolen election. ... The right step would be to admit it and then resign. Absent that, which clearly is not going to happen ... is impeachment."
"I think conviction and removal from office and subsequent disqualification from further holding office is the appropriate measure," he added.
Krebs believes that the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has made it easier for misinformation to reach people who are spending more time at home, and urged Americans to course correct.
"I think what we really have to be thinking through long-term is the effects of disinformation and, as we're calling it, the information disorder," he said. "The lack of civics education and digital literacy over the last couple of years ... and then you combine that with COVID, where people are sitting at home and [it's] just screen time all day long. We are in a very precarious position. Democracy is in a very precarious position. And we need to have some pretty honest conversations as Americans about where we go next." | <urn:uuid:bced3ccb-5914-4cdf-88a5-923ab45ae145> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/fired-dhs-cybersecurity-head-chris-krebs-trump-convicted/story?id=75355679 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.981013 | 952 | 1.601563 | 2 |
I’ve said it before and I’ll say it again: one of the most important jobs of the informed citizenry is to push back against government excesses. All governments– indeed, all bureaucracies– are inclined to grow fat with power and reluctant to relinquish either the money that they collect or the control that collects around them. It is their nature.
That doesn’t mean that government is evil or only does evil, only that the balance of power should always tip in the favor of the citizens. Government employees and politicians should always be made to be aware that they serve at the whim and will of the people. Protect the people and serve them well, and be safe in your job; serve yourself and you’ll soon need to be looking for a new line of work.
Sadly, it’s damned hard to fire government employees (whose jobs are not only safe, but they have better benefits and pay than their civilian counterparts), and politicians at the national level enjoy retention rates that are ridiculously high (and approval rates that are similarly low).
Gnaw on that fact for a bit.
So, as citizens, we keep rewarding failure at the highest level with more pay, perks, power, and job security. The failures of the United States are not the fault of the political class; they are the fault of the citizenry that refuses to do its job. We have become a trivial people given to worry over irrelevant social policies while our economy continues to falter and the politicians become ever more powerful.
Which is a long-winded prologue to this story of why government, at every level, must be held accountable for their failures and citizens must be protected from their excesses.
Grand juries are supposed to protect us from false allegations, but the old saying that prosecutors could get a grand jury to “indict a ham sandwich”reflects the reality that most fail on that front. Instead, as this study from the Cato Institute explains, they’re often used to harass and intimidate.
Read it all and remember: it’s your job to push back against the excesses of government. At every level.
Vote wisely in the upcoming elections. | <urn:uuid:2d2752dd-d6fc-4add-9f4d-92a2f547e598> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://policyz.com/blog/2014/07/20/grand-jury-sins/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00264.warc.gz | en | 0.971786 | 455 | 1.703125 | 2 |
Maptek’s underground laser scanners and software have been helping geology and geotechnical engineering teams save time and monitor safety at Kirkland Lake Gold’s Fosterville mine in Victoria, Australia.
At the underground mine, the geology team use two SR3 laser scanners and the PointStudio software for structural mapping and identifying structures.
“They primarily focus on scanning the ore drive development headings and then analyse the data and do the mapping in PointStudio,” Fosterville Project Rock Mechanics Engineer, Corey McKenzie, says.
The Maptek SR3 is a dedicated underground laser scanner, with a scan window of 130° vertically and 360° horizontally for capturing roofs and walls in tunnels and underground drives.
With fast accurate sensing and tailored mount accessories, the SR3 can be operated remotely from any web-enabled device and combines well with modelling software PointStudio for improving overall productivity and safety underground, Maptek says.
“PointStudio has a lot of neat tools,” McKenzie says. “Smart Query is useful for extracting joint set data, and the Distance for Objects feature can be used for fibrecrete thickness analysis.”
The geotechnical team uses ZEB scanners for convergence checks and it is, Maptek says, excited about the potential of Maptek workflows to streamline and save time in convergence monitoring.
The Workflow Editor incorporates software menu items, command line executables and scripting capabilities with Maptek Workbench tools and custom components to automate processes.
McKenzie says cloud-to-cloud comparison using laser scan data in PointStudio is all about safety.
“We want to know if the walls or backs are moving,” McKenzie said. “If we notice a spot that is starting to deform, we scan it more regularly so we’ve got that constant update of data and can track how it’s moving and the rate of deformation. We can then make decisions about rehabilitation. And we also need to know when our ground support capacity is going to be consumed.”
When PointStudio was introduced at the site this year, McKenzie found it relatively easy to learn, appreciating the visual layout of the options along the top ribbon, Maptek said.
The Fosterville geotechnical team is looking to expand its usage of PointStudio and expects the new scanline mapping tool in the latest version to help rockmass classification, according to the company.
“We’re just starting to explore the geotech/rock mechanics aspects,” McKenzie said. “Maptek is always willing to answer questions.”
The site also recently completed a trial of Maptek monitoring solution, Sentry.
“Now that we’ve tested Sentry and know its capabilities, we’ll be confident down the track if there’s an area that we want to monitor more closely,” McKenzie concluded. | <urn:uuid:94aaa3f1-f10a-4288-8e3b-d84d45254422> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://im-mining.com/2020/12/03/maptek-scanners-software-boosts-efficiency-and-safety-at-kirkland-lakes-fosterville-mine/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.898578 | 613 | 1.601563 | 2 |
Joseph A. Pipa Jr.
The Christian's Inheritance
> Don't Count Before Eggs Hatch - 8/23/2017 Word Based Spirituality - 8/29/2017 The Final Verdict - 8/30/2017 The Gift of Righteousness - 9/6/2017 The Complexity of God's Ways - 9/13/2017 Praying for the Church - 9/19/2017 Minister's Doctrine - 9/21/2017 Boxed in by the Law - 9/26/2017 Sola Scriptura - 9/27/2017 Not Far From the Kingdom - 10/3/2017 Sola Gratia - 10/4/2017 The Lion of the Tribe of Judah - 10/17/2017 Sola Fide - 10/18/2017 The Certainty of Gospel Fruit - 10/31/2017 Preaching the Glory of Christ - 11/1/2017 We are Weak, He is Strong - 11/7/2017 Solus Christus - 11/8/2017 The Light of the World - 11/15/2017 The Exaltation of Christ - 11/21/2017 The Wicked Punished - 11/28/2017 Beyond Externals - 11/29/2017 A Test Case - 1/24/2018 The Blessedness of Pardon - 1/31/2018 Samuel and the Word of God - 2/6/2018 Baptism Justification Covenant - 2/7/2018 The Christian's Inheritance - 2/14/2018 Submission in the Lord - 2/20/2018 The Work of Faith - 2/21/2018 The Holy Spirit's Help - 2/27/2018 Do Not Be Anxious - 2/28/2018 The God of All Comfort - 3/27/2018 The Focus of Faith - 4/4/2018 Do Not Be Ashamed - 4/10/2018 The Dual Purpose of the Church - 4/16/2018 The Heart of Pastor - 4/17/2018 Then They Will Fast - 4/18/2018 The Great Commission - 4/25/2018 A Peace of the Rock - 5/2/2018
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Sermons preached around the same date | more More videos from this broadcaster | more
02 - Luther's Providential God The Gift of Righteousness The Reality of God's Wrath | <urn:uuid:efc11acf-523e-4fb8-83e5-c8deb76f8b5f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://rss.sermonaudio.com/sermoninfo.asp?SID=214181622183 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.749504 | 561 | 1.671875 | 2 |
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Ovarian transposition offers preservation of hormonal function and fertility potential in women receiving pelvic radiation therapy for various malignancies (eg, cervical/colorectal cancer, pelvic lymphoma/sarcoma).1 The procedure has been recommended for those with low risk of ovarian metastases and with acceptable ovarian reserve.2
The first ovarian transposition described by Batten and Brown in 1952 in a patient with pelvic neuroblastoma involved wrapping of the ovaries sutured together with a homemade lead sheath and attaching them to the anterior parietal peritoneum.3 Since then different surgical approaches have been described including open/laparoscopic approach, with different transposition sites such as the psoas muscles and the paracolic gutters,1 and with4 or without5 retroperitoneal tunneling of the ovarian vessels.
We describe a surgical technique of high ovarian transposition without retroperitoneal tunneling of ovarian vessels. First, the gonadal vessels are mobilized retroperitoneally toward their origin – from the aorta and inferior vena cava on the right and the aorta and left renal vein on the left. The ovaries are then lateralized to the upper abdomen without compromising the blood supply. This technique offers the advantage of minimizing the potential risk of ovarian damage from exposure to scattered radiation. In addition, transposition of the ovaries to the upper abdomen allows the radiation field extension cephalad without compromising the ovarian function. Similar to other reports,5 we had no incidences of bowel obstructions in our series of over 30 cases. The presented procedure was performed in a 19-year-old, G0P0 woman with neurofibromatosis type 1 and 20 cm right groin malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor awaiting pelvic radiotherapy. The appropriate patient consent has been obtained for the publication of this (Video 1).
The high laparoscopic ovarian transposition procedure includes: (1) inspection of the peritoneal cavity for metastases, (2) retroperitoneal dissection and creation of the perirectal and paravesical spaces, (3) bilateral resection of the utero-ovarian ligaments, (4) bilateral opportunistic salpingectomy, (5) complete bilateral ureterolysis (from the renal hilum to the pelvic brim), (6) retroperitoneal paraaortic dissection with bilateral ovarian vessels skeletonization to their origin inferior to the renal vessels, (7) bilateral colon mobilization to facilitate mobilization of the infundibulopelvic ligaments to the upper abdomen, (8) bilateral oophoropexy to the paracolic gutters – above the inferior liver edge on the right and above the splenic flexure on the left, while ensuring the blood supply is not twisted or kinked, (9) securing the ovaries to the peritoneum using permanent sutures such as 2.0 silk, and (10) application of titanium clips at the ovarian level for permanent radiation marking. Ovarian perfusion is assessed at the conclusion of the procedure by observing the patency of the gonadal vessels, the lack of torsion of the vascular pedicles, and the healthy color of the transposed ovaries. Long-term ovarian function can be assessed clinically using symptom assessments and biochemically using serum hormonal measurements.
Data availability statement
All data relevant to the study are included in the article.
Patient consent for publication
Contributors ZM was responsible for conceptualization; video - image and video generation, montage, review, and editing; narration; writing - original draft; and writing - review and editing. TM was responsible for conceptualization; video - image and video generation, review and editing; writing - review and editing; supervision and copyright.
Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.
Competing interests None declared.
Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed. | <urn:uuid:51ff1deb-7265-4dc6-adbd-aaaebb770951> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ijgc.bmj.com/content/31/10/1384 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.867193 | 910 | 1.71875 | 2 |
The cytoskeleton – a collection of polymeric filaments, molecular motors, and crosslinkers – is a foundational example of active matter, and in the cell assembles into organelles that guide basic biological functions. Simulation of cytoskeletal assemblies is an important tool for modeling cellular processes and understanding their surprising material properties. Here, we present aLENS (a Living Ensemble Simulator), a novel computational framework designed to surmount the limits of conventional simulation methods. We model molecular motors with crosslinking kinetics that adhere to a thermodynamic energy landscape, and integrate the system dynamics while efficiently and stably enforcing hard-body repulsion between filaments. Molecular potentials are entirely avoided in imposing steric constraints. Utilizing parallel computing, we simulate tens to hundreds of thousands of cytoskeletal filaments and crosslinking motors, recapitulating emergent phenomena such as bundle formation and buckling. This simulation framework can help elucidate how motor type, thermal fluctuations, internal stresses, and confinement determine the evolution of cytoskeletal active matter.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all)
- Immunology and Microbiology(all) | <urn:uuid:ce7ff552-0873-470f-8751-d6958e8c3a36> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://nyuscholars.nyu.edu/en/publications/toward-the-cellular-scale-simulation-of-motor-driven-cytoskeletal | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.819462 | 254 | 1.96875 | 2 |
Speaker: E Jenkins
Dr. Emily Jenkins, Assistant Professor in the UBC School of Nursing, is currently leading a multi-wave national survey study in collaboration with the Canadian Mental Health Association and the UK-based Mental Health Foundation. It aims to assess the self-reported mental health impacts of COVID as well as identify factors associated with increased mental health risk or coping capacity. Emphasis is being placed on examining the disproportionate impacts of the pandemic on particular populations or structurally vulnerable groups. This monitoring study will use a repeated cross-sectional approach to provide data critical to informing responsive, equity-oriented public health and policy responses in real-time to protect and promote the mental health of all Canadians, including those most at risk. This study will generate a pooled survey database to facilitate comparisons between Canada and other national jurisdictions, a key global priority. Join us to hear the latest details on this important topic. | <urn:uuid:deeee2f1-7ad6-4615-8d63-a61a62ed67f7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cancovid.ca/fr/event/assessing-the-mental-health-impacts-of-covid-19/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.92952 | 183 | 1.71875 | 2 |
SNEEZING AND COUGHING CAN TAKE AWAY YOUR ATTENTION, SO THAT YOU COULD NOT PUT UP WITH IT ALL THE DAY.
In case you have a cough, it would be difficult to get through your daily routines, and what is more no one would love to hug an unhealthy person.
You would not be able to sleep if you have constant cough. Small children are especially influenced by the cough, since children have weak immune system and are not able o fight against cold.
If you have cough, your doctor will probably prescribe you a cough syrup, since most of them think it is the best solution for cough. However, they do not tell the parents that the pharmaceutical solutions can have negative effects and long-term complications.
Headache, sleeplessness and migraine are the most common negative effects which may occur as a result of the therapy. The two most common ingredients which are found in the cough syrup are dextromethorphan and codeine.
This is what you have not heard of, have you?
You should have in mind that natural ingredients which contain raw honey or same other potent ingredients are more beneficial. Try the combination of ginger wrap and honey, and prevent consistent cough immediately.
• 1tablespoon of fresh ginger or ginger powder
• raw honey
• olive oil
You are also going to need napkins, adhesive tape and gauze. | <urn:uuid:58987194-eb20-4e3d-94d0-46225384aa8f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://01easylife.com/wrapped-ginger-removes-mucus-from-your-lungs-in-one-night-and-cures-bad-cough/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.96092 | 295 | 2.03125 | 2 |
I do not at all have the mind of a bully… in my mind bullies are intolerant of contrary opinion, domineering and rather cowardly. I would hope that none of those terms could be fairly used in describing me.
Conrad Black QuotesShowing all quotes
|Birth:||25th August, 1944|
|Profession:||Author, Columnist, Investor, Lawyer, Publisher|
Conrad Black was born in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. He is a Canadian-born British former newspaper publisher, author, lawyer, columnist and investor. He is a non-affiliated life peer and a convicted felon in the United States for fraud. He completed a law degree at Université Laval and in 1973 completed a Master of Arts degree in History at McGill University. In 1966, Black bought his first newspaper, the Eastern Townships Advertiser in Quebec. He is the author of biographies of Maurice Duplessis, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Richard Nixon. Black is the former head of the Argus and Hollinger corporate groups, London’s Telegraph newspapers, and Canada’s National Post. He has been a member of the British House of Lords since 2001.
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Our mission is to motivate, boost self confiedence and inspire people to Love life, live life and surf life with words. | <urn:uuid:e550efa6-9669-4390-82a6-a3d29921bf70> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.quoteswave.com/authors/conrad-black | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.952077 | 300 | 1.578125 | 2 |
Este can be considered one of the most famous pottery towns. Este pottery has been present throughout the centuries, from prehistoric times down to the present day. Like all ancient peoples, the first inhabitants on the banks of the Athesis (the River Adige, which once passed through Este) certainly used clay and created the first rudimentary objects.
These objects were simply dried in the sun and genuine pottery only appeared with the discovery of firing. Ceramic work was perfected over the millennia: different techniques and materials were used, and from simple household pottery objects eventually appeared that tentatively approached the level of art.
At first, it was merely a question of small ornamental motifs or some writing in the language used. Then moulds were perfected, colour began to be introduced and we finally see genuine painted decorations, all through studying and experimenting with different techniques.The National Museum of Atestine Artefacts preserves admirable and abundant documentation of pottery from the so-called “Atestine periods”. This was followed by the Roman era, with its flourishing ceramic production: vases, amphorae and lamps were stamped with the “signatures” of the artisans or factories.
Etched plates with geometric floral decoration
After the Roman period came a period of stasis, without any trace of pottery. In around 1200-1300 ceramics began to revive due to new methods, including etched pottery and engobed glazed pottery. For the period from 1300 to 1600, references are found in notarised documents and parish records to “scudelari”, “bocalari”, and “pignatari” (pottery makers) born and living in Este between 1500 and 1600.
And so we arrive at the 18th century, in the early years of which Europe finally also discovered the secrets of porcelain, which had been dominant in the Far East and on which the entire western world was dependent. Ceramic work, however, received a new impetus in Este, with Girolamo Franchini becoming renowned among the 18th-century ceramic masters.
Este also produced majolica and became particularly known for the black variety (“lustrous black goods”), which could be produced and sold more cheaply than white earthenware. Black majolica was manufactured for convents (hence the designation “monastery black”) and was sold to the military in particular, also due to its lower price.
Plates, jugs, “foghere” (small stoves) and ornamental vases were made, occasionally even featuring gold decorations.
The present-day manufacturers have made tradition their leitmotif, drawing inspiration from Este's historical production, particularly from moulds and decorations by artists such as Girolamo Fernandes, from those of the Contiero period and from the modernised moulds introduced by Giovanni Capuani and Giovanni Battista Giorgini in the second half of the twentieth century. Many young people came to learn the art of pottery from, particularly from “Nino” Capuani, and a kind of “school” began to establish itself in his “workshop”.
Plate box and trompe-l'oeil plate
Several ceramic companies were set up during the years of the economic boom, with about ten operating in the 1980s. Now only five of them still hold the standard of Este aloft in an increasingly competitive global ceramic market: “Antica Ceramica d’Este”, “Ceramica d’Este Artepiù”, “Ceramica Euganea”, “Ceramiche d’Arte Mary” and “Este Ceramiche Porcellane”.
The great quality of the artefacts produced in Este is known and appreciated throughout Italy and the world: the companies work together with major design and international fashion labels, as well as famous artists, who choose the Este factories for the production of refined objects for an increasingly demanding market.
Tableware with polychrome and gold decoration
The great technical and manual expertise, along with the care and attention during all stages of production, which is carried out exclusively with traditional craft techniques and strictly by hand, attract a refined clientele: aristocratic families, large companies and enterprises rely on the experienced hands of the Este artisans when commissioning objects and collections for personal use, as well as for corporate gifts or major events.
Este preserves a large number of original moulds which were used (and are still used today) for the manufacture of antique objects.
Unfortunately, this type of artistic heritage was not so fortunate elsewhere and has been lost. The moulds can now be found in Este's various factories, which can be considered the true heirs of the Este manufacturing legacy.
A ceramic artist decorating a vase
These mainly consist of the old Brunello and Franchini moulds, which were later united in the Apostoli factory, while another collection includes moulds from the factory of young people established after the war and directed by the painter Antonio Ferro.
"The Local Area"
Este is a town of 17,000 inhabitants on the southern slopes of the Euganean Hills, 32 km from Padua and 24 km from Rovigo.
The town has been inhabited since very ancient times: already during the iron age it was the main settlement of the ancient Veneti or Paleoveneti, who developed it and helped boost its economy through trade with the neighbouring peoples, as well as with Greeks and Romans.
The Euganean Hills are a group of hills of volcanic origin that rise, almost like an archipelago, from the Padovan-Venetian plain a few kilometres south-west of Padua. This territory is part of the Colli Euganei Regional Park, the first such park established in Veneto in 1989.
Curator—Camera di Commercio di Padova | <urn:uuid:4888071b-f7d8-4699-8f26-3c7b4b9210d9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://artsandculture.google.com/story/9wVhgNfLvA0A8A | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573908.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820043108-20220820073108-00264.warc.gz | en | 0.969257 | 1,285 | 2.890625 | 3 |
Neurosurgeon Dr. Shailesh Jain puts forth his views on Post-Covid Rise in Tuberculosis Cases
Before the advent of Covid-19, tuberculosis (TB) was the global lead in terms of mortality caused by infectious diseases. According to the available data, almost 25T of the global population had TB in 2019. It has also been accused of taking away almost 4,000 lives every day. However, at the same time, TB treatment was gaining momentum over the past few decades. In 2018 and 2019 only, over 14 million people received TB treatment globally. This progress came to a halt with the emergence of Covid-19 around the world. The disruption in health services caused by the pandemic and the subsequent lockdowns led to a surge in TB cases throughout the globe. In addition to that, as a result of the Covid-19 related restrictions, case notification for TB decreased by 25% in 2020 in India.
Central Nervous System tuberculosis involves significant morbidity and mortality. It has been found that the prevalence of TB within a community can lead to the incidence of CNS-TB and almost 10% of TB patients develop neurotuberculosis. As a matter of fact, tubercular meningitis, tuberculoma, and Potts disease are some of the manifestations of CNS-TB. It can cause several neurological disorders which is why Dr. Shailesh Jain, a senior consultant neurosurgeon of Max Hospital Shalimar bagh, is making sure that people are aware of the risks involved with TB, especially during this pandemic when the health sector is facing severe adversities.
Even though there is still no proper evidence on the direct relationship between Covid-19 and tuberculosis, it cannot be denied that an infection like TB can take the advantage of the impaired immunity in Covid patients. Therefore, a Covid-19 can make people more susceptible to a deadly disease like TB. At the same time, both the diseases attack the human lungs contributing to the dual morbidity of Covid-19 and TB. Following this, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare of India has provided the directive of Tb screening for all Covid19 patients and Covid19 testing for TB patients. In this scenario, Dr. Jain, an M.Ch (Neuro Surgery) from AIIMS, has taken the initiative of proving supervision to any neuro spinal disorder through his clinic Arihant Neuro Spine clinic.
Located in Pitampura, Delhi, Dr.Shailesh jain clinic with the name of Arihant Neuro Spine Center is a trustable name within the patient community. With his 15 years of experience in neurosurgery and neuro treatment, Dr. Shailesh Jain has dedicated his professional career to the treatment of any neurological disorder with utmost care. His expertise in the field has gained his membership of the Neurological Society of India (NSI), Indian Society for Trauma and Acute Care (ISTAC), Medical Council of India (MCI), A-0 SPINE (International), and Delhi Neurological Association (DNA).
Sharing his take on the situation, Dr. Jain says, "There might be no correlation between Covid19 and TB but the pandemic has affected the TB treatment and care adversely. What makes the situation worse is the fact that both of the diseases share a similar set of symptoms including cough, fever, and breathing difficulties. The only thing we can do right now is to keep an eye on the future proceedings and take all the measures to reduce the chances of any further degradation."
As India is getting deep into the pandemic, the Indian Government is taking more and more preventive measures to mitigate the upsurge in TB cases. There has also been an increase in case-finding efforts to contain the entire situation. The global progress against TB might have been impaired by the Covid-19 but the Government could use the expert guidance of doctors like Dr. Shailesh Jain to ensure the safety of its citizens.
Continue Reading on The India Saga | <urn:uuid:a61d6626-b519-43c6-9340-e2e750cdac00> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://theindiasaga.com/saga-corner/neurosurgeon-dr-shailesh-jain-puts-forth-his-views-on-post-covid-rise-in-tuberculosis-cases | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573908.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820043108-20220820073108-00264.warc.gz | en | 0.962643 | 828 | 2.546875 | 3 |
REVELATION • Victory in Jesus • LESSON 16 August 12 Revelation 13 The Beast of the Sea and the Beast of the Earth 1. Take a moment to refresh yourself on the overall context of this incredible vision John is experiencing. What has just happened in the vision? In light of what has just happened, what can we anticipate about the content of Revelation 13? 2. Remember what we studied from Daniel 7. How does it relate to what we are being shown in Revelation 13:1-2? 3. What ought we to make of the fact that the dragon gave the beast rising out of the sea his power and his throne and his great authority (13:2)? 4. How would you summarize the scene as depicted in Revelation 13:3-4? 5. This beast rising out of the sea “was allowed to exercise authority for forty-two months” (13:5). Is there any significance to this language? 6. In your own words, what is being revealed in Revelation 13:6-10? 7. In light of everything we have been told in Revelation 13:1-10, what might this first beast represent? 8. And what about the second beast, “rising out of the earth”? In light of what is revealed in Revelation 13:11-18, what might this second beast represent? 9. “The number of a man…666” (13:18). Much speculation has gone into this statement which “calls for wisdom.” What should we make of it? 10. Revelation 13 is a daunting and incredible chapter in this breathtaking vision. If you were going to summarize its overall message in one sentence, how would you do it?
Podden och tillhörande omslagsbild på den här sidan tillhör BibleTube. Innehållet i podden är skapat av BibleTube och inte av, eller tillsammans med, Poddtoppen. | <urn:uuid:45c2b55c-25e4-448d-94fc-a1a32a99311b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://poddtoppen.se/podcast/999195077/2015-26-weeks-of-revelation-iph/150812-wed-revelation-13-the-beast-of-the-sea-and-the-beast-of-the-earth-lesson-16 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.885901 | 421 | 2.625 | 3 |
Set at the end of a narrow alleyway in a densely built urban area, the local architecture studio built the compact two-storey residence for a Muslim family of four on the western part of the island of Java.
Sunlight was a key component in the design of the building, named Nor House. Openings cut into the sides of the building and its gabled roof allow daylight to filter in from multiple angles.
The triangular window with a white decal cut into one corner of the building's mass allows daylight to flood the home's prayer room, projecting a shadow of the word Allah onto the floor.
The zinc-coated corrugated metal walls and roof reflect the sun's rays and make the structure stand out from the jumble of surrounding buildings.
"The name of Nor House itself is taken from their [the client's] children, who have the word nur or light in Arabic as part of their name. The name inspired us to put the element of the sun into the design," explained lead architect Yanuar Pratama Firdaus.
"In Islam, the communication between humans and God is called the five times of obligatory ritual prayer, in which the five times indicate the transition of the sun," he added.
"The prayer ritual was also our inspiration to design a house with the sun and light as the narrative of the architecture."
A Brazilian firetree planted in the covered garden grows up and out of a square hatch cut into the sloping roof, and a spotlight at the base illuminates the trunk at night.
Trees that burst through the facade are a popular feature in contemporary Indonesian architecture. Branches protrude through circular openings cut into the decks of Budi Pradono's "anti-establishment" house in Jakarta, and trees emerge through openings in the grass-covered roof of another of the studio's projects in the city of Depok.
A wide, angled doorway to the garden opens up the facade of the building, allowing air to circulate to the prayer room off to one side. Sliding glass doors connect the tiled porch to the main part of the house.
The covered, double-height walled "dry garden" provides a semi-outdoors place that is shaded during the hot dry season and sheltered during the rains of the wet season.
In an architectural style described by Aaksen Responsible Aarchitecture as "contemporary tropical", Nor House offers a total of 105 square metres of living space split over two floors. White-painted walls and light parquet floors or ivory-coloured porcelain tiles were used throughout.
Along with the prayer room and patio, the ground floor includes an open-plan living room, dining room, and kitchen, with a separate pantry and drying room, and a downstairs toilet.
Upstairs two children's bedrooms and a family bathroom are arranged either side of a hallway, which overlooks the garden below on one side. The master bedroom runs the full width of the second floor at the end of the gallery.
Indonesian architect Realrich Sjarief added large circular windows and doors to his self-designed home in Jakarta.
Another Budi Pradono project, this time in Lombok in Bali, features a shipping container tilted at a 45 degree angle to create a sloping roof for the master bedroom for a house set into a hillside.
Photography by KIE.
Architects: Aaksen Responsible Aarchitecture
Lead architects: Yanuar Pratama Firdaus, Gea Sentanu
Construction: ASEPDEV (Aesthetical in Engineering Process)
Construction team: Agusti Salman Farizi, Gun Gun Yuliansyah, Arif Rahmansyah
Calligraphy and graphics: Monoponik | <urn:uuid:95d1214e-9d9e-4579-9899-0c4c0e41844b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.dezeen.com/2018/03/02/indonesian-houses-nor-aaksen-responsible-aarchitecture-badung-indonesia-residential-architecture-zinc-trees/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.937405 | 802 | 2.359375 | 2 |
The Delta variant, detected for the first time in India, has put the management of the Covid-19 pandemic in check. «The Delta variant is more in everything»: more contagious, more viral load, it replicates faster and infects vaccinated. For this reason, experts such as Rafael Bengoa , who was the Basque Country Health Minister and adviser to the Obama government , warns that the authorities must be «patient with decisions» when making restrictions more flexible.
«We are no longer in the same pandemic of 2020 and we must act differently,» insists Bengoa, emphasizing that the restrictions of this fifth wave must be lifted more progressively compared to previous waves.
The Government’s plan was to arrive at the end of summer with 70% of the Spanish population vaccinated . This objective has been frustrated by the slowdown in the vaccination strategy, motivated, among others, by the summer holidays. However, from Moncloa they boast of having completed the vaccination schedule of 70% of the target population . That is, the population over 12 years of age included in the vaccination schedule.
According to the latest vaccination report published by the Ministry of Health, on August 20 , 65.5% of Spaniards had been fully immunized against Covid-19 and 74.7% had at least one dose of the serum. Although they are figures to celebrate, it is not the objective that the Pedro Sánchez government had set itself to achieve collective immunity.
This herd immunity , also called herd immunity, is that indirect protection against an infectious disease that is achieved when a part of the population is immune, either by vaccination or by being infected. Already on July 29, Sánchez reported that «with the appearance of the Delta variant, the percentage for immunity will be higher than 70%.»
Now, experts emphasize that, with Delta monopolizing infections, not even 90% of the vaccinated Spanish population could be a «guarantee of future safety» . This percentage proposed as a goal is due to other variants, including the original one detected for the first time in Wuhan. Now epidemiologists suggest that the goal is closer to 85% than 70% , even reaching 95%.
From the BBC, Shabir Madhi , the vaccinologist and director of the Respiratory and Meningeal Pathogens Research Unit of the South African Medical Research Council , further explains that “promoting the concept of herd immunity creates the misconception that we are really going to reach a stage where we eradicate the virus ”, something that is unlikely to happen.
In addition to herd immunity, another problem arises: the duration of protection . So far, little is known about the real time that Covid vaccines protect against the disease, especially with the arrival of Delta. For now, the serums against Covid-19 would be effective, at least, after six to nine months , an estimated time that could vary in the face of future variants.
To achieve true herd immunity in a globalized world, vaccines must be accessible to the entire population . The director general of the World Health Organization (WHO), Tedros Adhanom , insists that, if the entire population is not vaccinated against the coronavirus, we will never be safe , because the virus will continue to circulate and, therefore, evolve . It is estimated that only 32% of the world’s population has been immunized with at least one dose of the vaccine.
PRUDENCE IN THE DESCALED AND RETURN TO THE CLASSROOMS
At the moment, Andalusia, the Basque Country, Catalonia and the Valencian Community are the regions with the most restrictions due to Covid-19 . In all of them, a curfew has been applied in some of their municipalities. At the national level, throughout Spain certain prohibitions are contemplated with the aim of curbing infections.
In the coming days, some of these autonomous communities plan to lift the restrictions . Faced with this new scenario, Bengoa warns and asks for caution: the de-escalation must be carried out with «patience», since Delta does not behave like other variants. This flexibility of measures should only occur «when low figures are reached for all the indicators.»
Experts focus on taking measures for going back to school to avoid a rebound in infections in this age group. In conversation with this medium, Dr. Tomás Vega Alonso , coordinator of the Red Sentinel Vigira de Castilla y León , explains that, with the progress in the vaccination strategy, the unprotected population is those under 12 years of age.
Although children do not suffer from the disease seriously, «the virus could find a niche here to spread . » This spread favors the evolution of the virus and the potential infection of vulnerable people, who, although vaccinated and protected, could be susceptible to becoming ill.
Both Vega and Bengoa emphasize the importance of taking preventive measures in this school year , as they have proven to be effective. Masks, bubble groups and ventilation, as well as CO2 meters, are some of the standards that should continue to be implemented in schools in the, increasingly closer, back to school. | <urn:uuid:ba82183c-9b2b-4480-9e3a-04965b6b3a0a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.blogdefisioterapia.com/the-delta-variant-defeats-the-de-escalation-plan-and-herd-immunity/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.946448 | 1,066 | 1.742188 | 2 |
Few people in the world enjoy getting undesirable email. Whether it’s irritating spam of any variety or anything more threatening, sometimes it’s only natural to need to know where those unknown email messages are coming from. Nevertheless, if you want to discover more about a strange e-mail address, you might not know how to start. One starting point is actually by considering the email headers of the information in question. E-mail headers are personal computer program code mounted on email messages that inform computer systems where the message is arriving from and in which it’s heading. Here’s the best way to put into action Yahoo postal mail to locate and utilize email headers to look into unknown emails.
Finding e-mail headers with Yahoo mail is not hard. If you’re using the att yahoo email, just view the information you would like to open up, and look for the words “Compact Header.” By clicking on the down facing arrow just towards the right of those words, a food selection will appear letting you select “Complete Headers.” The e-mail headers you are searching will show up in a new window. If you’re using the Yahoo Postal mail Traditional, you can nevertheless discover e-mail headers, nevertheless it demands more steps. Choose the “Choices” hyperlink for the food selection club, and after that choose “General Preferences.” Discover the paragraph titled “Messages,” then locate the “Show Headers” going and judge “All.” Now, go back in your mailbox and consider your message you’re thinking about learning about. The entire email headers should now be visible.
Locating the e-mail headers is simply the first step. Now you have to discover whatever they mean. Email headers can be difficult to understand since they are intended to be read by computer systems, not people. If you’re trying to figure out e-mail headers, the first thing you need to look for is the phrase “Obtained: from.” This phrase happens each time the content is sent from a single personal computer to a different. The 1st time the phrase was composed is really the last one noticeable within the headers. Discover the “Obtained: from” nearest the foot of the headers, and pay attention to that line. Alongside “Obtained: from” there’s often a multi-digit number separated with periods. This is actually the Ip address address from the personal computer that began the content. IP addresses are Internet recognition rules which help computers discover the other person. You argjnw make use of this IP address to understand more about the computer that delivered your message, and possibly anyone right behind it.
Needless to say Google e-mail headers aren’t the best way to discover more about a mystery information. If you want to learn who owns a Google email address, you can utilize a reverse email research. Change email searches are services which provide details about unidentified contact information simply and efficiently. No matter which method you select, now you need to have a better idea what resources are for sale to you on the net. | <urn:uuid:5212b86a-3f23-47b4-9ab5-7b013ff0c46f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://airjordanoutletonlinesale.com/5260/att-yahoo-email-login-new-light-on-a-important-point/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.931285 | 660 | 2.375 | 2 |
Vietnam to become world’s 19th largest economy by 2035: CEBR
CEBR’s report estimated by 2035, Vietnam’s nominal GDP is estimated at US$1.59 trillion from the current US$341 billion, a nearly 5-fold increase in a 15-year span.
A steady and consistent economic growth is set to help the Vietnamese economy to overcome major economies in Asia such as Taiwan (China) at 21st and Thailand (25th) to climb to the 19th position among the world’s largest economies by 2035, according to the UK-based Center for Economics and Business Research (CEBR).
20 largest economies by 2035. Source: CEBR.
“The next 15 years are set to see Vietnam climb rapidly up the rankings of the World Economic League Table,” it noted, adding the country’s position will move from 37th in 2020 to 19th in 2035.Vietnam’s annual rate of GDP growth is forecast to pick up to an average of 7.0% between 2021 and 2025. Over the subsequent ten years, the economy will expand by 6.6% on average each year, stated CEBR in its latest report on the outlook of 193 economies until 2035.
The report estimated by 2035, Vietnam’s nominal GDP is estimated at US$1.59 trillion from the current US$341 billion, a nearly 5-fold increase in a 15-year span.
The country has so far had a better containment of Covid-19 outbreak than than in other parts of the world. As of the middle of December, the country had recorded 35 COVID-19 related deaths, equating to less than 1 death per 100,000 people.In 2020, despite the Covid-19 pandemic, the economy was able to escape a contraction and in fact delivered a positive growth rate of 2.91%, a 10-year low but remains among highest in the world.
For 2021, the Vietnamese government target an economic growth of 6.5%, a 0.5 percentage points higher than the goal set by the National Assembly.
By: Ngoc Thuy _ Hanoitimes | <urn:uuid:f8105d34-7dd5-4920-aedf-619795dae754> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://plasticsvietnam.com/vietnam-to-become-worlds-19th-largest-economy-by-2035-cebr/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.944805 | 462 | 2.046875 | 2 |
The NCAA has proclaimed its support for transgender athletes as one of its core values of inclusion, but the letters’ signatories said boycotting Idaho because of its Fairness in Women’s Sports Act amounts to “bullying tactics [that] are antithetical to the NCAA values of respect, fairness, and civility, and would send a chilling message to women across the U.S. about the NCAA’s commitment to the integrity of women’s sports.”
Fairness for female athletes should not be a political or partisan issue. We athletes have diverse views on many topics, but stand united on this fact: protecting the integrity of women’s sports is pro-woman, pro-fairness, and consistent with the purpose and promise of Title IX.
Each one of us has benefitted personally, and many of us professionally, from a fair and level playing field. We have achieved striking success in the sports we love, and we are committed to preserving the same equality of opportunity for future female athletes.
We strongly believe that everyone should have the opportunity to compete, but true athletic parity for women demands that women’s sports be protected for biological females. Protecting the integrity of women’s sports has, for decades, played an integral role in remedying past discrimination against women and empowering them to achieve their full athletic potential.
The letter cited examples about how transgender athletes have displaced top women athletes, including Allyson Felix, a Team USA sprinter who holds the most World Championship medals in history. In 2018, 276 high school boys ran faster times in the 400-meter contest on 783 occasions — showing the striking difference between biological females and biological male performances.
The letter added that transgender females who undergo testosterone hormone suppression does not level the playing field. The letter said:
We do not want to watch our athletic achievements be erased from the history books by individuals with all the inherent athletic advantages that come from a male body. The NCAA’s mandate is fair competition. We urge you to reject all calls to boycott and bully Idaho for seeking to preserve fair competition for women and girls across Idaho.
“I agree with the letter,” said Donna de Varona, a Olympic gold medalist who signed the letter and who benefited from Title IV of federal civil rights law, which
prohibits discrimination against women based on sex in education programs or activities, such as sports, that receive Federal financial assistance.
“Those that want to compete as transgender male-to-female athletes should be accommodated in a more creative, open, or separate category,” de Varona said.
“You don’t need to be especially political or religious to believe that women’s sports should only be for adult biological females,” Beth Stelzer, founder of Save Women’s Sports and a medaling powerlifter, said in the announcement of the letter. “Common sense and science tell us that men and women are different. Because of those differences, girls and women deserve the opportunity to compete, bond, train, suffer and enjoy victory without the presence of male bodies in their competitions or locker rooms.”
Follow Penny Starr on Twitter | <urn:uuid:907c9e97-7010-45c7-a696-6782fbd3604b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wlvrns.io/?p=3099 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573029.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817153027-20220817183027-00264.warc.gz | en | 0.948665 | 660 | 2 | 2 |
Advances by researchers at Aberystwyth University in the understanding of one of the world’s deadliest diseases have the potential to bring relief to thousands of sufferers around the world.
Schistosomiasis, also known as bilharzia, affects over 200 million people world-wide, and causes hundreds of thousands of premature deaths every year.
Caused by a parasitic flatworm found in snails in shallow freshwater, 85% of all cases are found in Sub-Saharan Africa.
People are infected during routine agricultural, domestic, occupational and recreational activities, which expose them to infested water.
Second only to malaria on the scale of devastating parasitic diseases, recent evidence suggests that the disease is moving into parts of Europe with cases reported on the Mediterranean island of Corsica.
Scientists at Aberystwyth University are studying the biology of the schistosome, the flatworm parasite which causes the disease.
Led by Professor Karl Hoffmann at the University’s Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, the team are looking for targets that may lead to the development new treatments.
Writing in the science journal PLoS Pathogens, Professor Hoffmann and colleagues report on a series of experiments that focus on the activity of proteins that are influential in the parasite’s ability to reproduce, once it has infected a person.
Professor Hoffmann said: “Not so long ago, human diseases caused by parasitic worms were thought to be confined to resource poor communities throughout Africa, Asia and South America. However, in this age of global travel and altering climate, parasitic worms are slowly, but surely, moving into parts of Europe and North America. The long term consequences of increased parasitic worm distributions are difficult to predict, but the harm that infection causes highlights the need for developing control strategies that can mitigate this 21st century threat to global health.
“We have spent the last two decades studying schistosome biology in order to identify parasite processes and targets that may lead to the development of new drugs or other treatments.
“Schistosomiasis is currently treated with Praziquantel, a highly effective drug developed in the 1970s, but there is no vaccine. The effectiveness of Praziquantel has meant that drug development has been complacent over the past 20 to 30 years and new treatments are required in case the parasite develops resistance to current treatments.”
Professor Hoffmann’s team has been focusing on DNA methylation where proteins add molecular components called methyl groups to DNA molecules, influencing genetic activity without affecting the underlying DNA sequence (epigenetics).
Their latest findings reveal a potential method for reducing the number of eggs laid by the flatworms in people, and thereby offering the potential for reducing the transmission of the disease.
The paper Methyl-CpG-binding (SmMBD2/3) and chromobox (SmCBX) proteins are required for neoblast proliferation and oviposition in the parasitic blood fluke Schistosoma mansoni was published on Thursday 28 June 2018 in the journal PloS Pathogens.
Professor Hoffman has also written about the challenges of tacking schistosomiasis in The Conversation: Parasitic flatworms affect millions in developing countries, but new research offers hope. | <urn:uuid:d30f6b17-beb4-410a-af56-211dd2314c6b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.wales247.co.uk/aberystwyth-scientists-tackle-one-of-the-worlds-deadliest-diseases | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.941598 | 672 | 3.75 | 4 |
It sounds ridiculous to think that a single light bulb can make a difference – but it really can. When thinking about green living in a school, light bulbs can really help with energy conservation. One important focus is on ENERGY STAR. The ENERGY STAR program, started in 1992 by EPA is a voluntary program “to identify and promote energy-efficient products and buildings in order to reduce energy consumption, improve energy security, and reduce pollution through voluntary labeling of or other forms of communication about products…”
When a product is labeled as ENERGY STAR, you’ll know that it is more energy efficient and will last longer than other products. It takes less energy to make the light bulb work, this helping the school, the budget and the environment. Certainly, school furniture is an area of focus and concern, but so is energy and the easy ways to become more energy efficient in the classroom. | <urn:uuid:51e51be8-768a-4a56-9d22-38d9a0ab8448> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.revolutionpicks.com/light-bulbs-really-can-make-a-difference/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.959779 | 186 | 3.328125 | 3 |
ETHAN , living with Duchenne.
Research Approaches Targeting Muscle Growth and Protection
As muscles weaken and are damaged by Duchenne, a process called fibrosis takes place. Fibrosis is similar to scarring and causes muscle fibers to be replaced by fat and connective tissue. This prevents muscles from working properly. Researchers are studying the effect of antifibrotic therapies to evaluate whether these muscle fibers can be protected.
Myostatin is a naturally occurring protein that limits muscle growth. It prevents muscles from becoming too large. While this is a good thing in healthy people, in people with Duchenne, it can make weakened muscles worse. Researchers believe that stopping myostatin from doing its job may help people with Duchenne develop more muscle mass early in life. Building muscle mass earlier may delay the effects of the disease. This technology is currently being evaluated in clinical trials.
There is another protein in muscle cells called utrophin. It resembles dystrophin and performs a very similar function. Utrophin is produced in the early stages of muscle development but is then “turned off” in favor of dystrophin production. Researchers are investigating whether they can turn utrophin production back on and if this can help make up for the lack of dystrophin. This technology is currently being investigated in clinical trials.
Stem Cell Approaches
The lack of dystrophin in people with Duchenne causes muscles to become damaged and weak. Muscles normally repair themselves, but without dystrophin, muscle damage gets more and more severe until the repair process can no longer keep up. Researchers believe that if they use stem cells from normal muscle tissue, they may be able to inject the stem cells into people with Duchenne to create new muscle cells that function normally. This technology is still in the early stages of exploration. | <urn:uuid:8ea63f10-9e77-4fc8-9696-981a7bc1ef5f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.duchenne.com/drug-development-in-duchenne/research-approaches-targeting-muscle-growth | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.944454 | 405 | 3.3125 | 3 |
Residents of Mandaveli and this neighborhood zone say that though the disrupted water supply via pipeline served by Metrowater has now resumed the water seems to bear a strong smell of chemicals and so they are not sure if this water is fit for drinking.
Supply was disrupted from 4 Dec till 28 Dec 2015 because of a broken pipeline.
Shankar, a resident of Norton 2nd Street, Mandaveli says ” There is no proper response form Metrowater. This chemical smell makes the water completely unusable as the stench lingers
on in one’s body and utensils that are washed with it.” | <urn:uuid:c08fbc0e-9098-4138-b1bc-5f12a264b9b1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.mylaporetimes.com/2016/01/mandaveli-residents-say-metrowater-supply-ha-resumed-but-water-smells-of-chemicals/?replytocom=87948 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573908.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820043108-20220820073108-00264.warc.gz | en | 0.974975 | 134 | 1.648438 | 2 |
How to Transplant Extra Seedlings
We’re all about successful gardening experiences at Seedsheet, so much so that we pack extra seeds into our pods to ensure strong seedling germination. This means that frequently, pods need to be thinned to eliminate the competition between seedlings so they can mature quickly for a bountiful harvest. But once you thin your seedlings, often you are left with an abundance of healthy little seedlings that are a shame to just discard in the compost. If your seedlings have a nice root structure, they can be transplanted quickly into a fresh container with soil to cultivate an auxiliary tomato/basil/squash/pepper/sunflower garden to enjoy double (or triple!) the harvest.
Follow the process below after thinning the necessary seedlings from your original garden.
- First, set up a fresh container with fertilized potting soil and water the soil well to prep for transplants.
- Determine where your seedlings will be planted and make a divot about 1-2 inches deep (depending on the size of the seedling).
- Insert the seedling, root-end down and gently surround the stem of the seedling with soil, patting to secure.
An exception to this process is tomato transplants, which should be planted deeper than other varieties; about 4-6 inches, just below a large set of leaves. When looking at a tomato seedling stalk, fine hairs are present all along the stem. These small hairs actually have the potential to become roots when placed in the ground. So, the deeper they are planted, the stronger the root system, and ultimately, the more nutrients can be pumped through the plant to create bigger, better, more flavorful fruit.
Note that transplanting is a stressful process for seedlings and transplant failure is not uncommon.
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Your email address will not be published. Comments will be approved before showing up. Required fields are marked * | <urn:uuid:04232612-4056-4a97-b484-35aba46bc81f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://seedsheets.com/blogs/howto/how-to-transplant-extra-seedlings | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.928082 | 408 | 2.625 | 3 |
Teaching ESOL Through Popular Education*
Education for Liberation
Urban College, located in downtown Boston, is a two-year college offering programs towards degrees in early childhood education and human services. An English instructor is teaching English-as-a-second-language to immigrants/refugees from China, Morocco, El Salvador, Colombia, Haiti, Puerto Rico, and the Dominican Republic. Her method is that of Popular Education. She is a devotee of education for liberation.
As such, she has studied the U.S. military and corporate dependence on the production of cocaine in Columbia, and the ruinous effects this forced one-crop economy has had over decades on the poor peasants of that country. She has participated in campaigns in her neighborhood in Boston’s African America to expose and put a stop to the importation of cocaine into her community.
She is aware of the cultural and spiritual traditions tying many African Americans to the peoples of Northern Africa, including Morocco. The homework and research assignments she gives out include directing her Moroccan students to uncover these cultural and spiritual ties, and to impart their discoveries to the rest of the class.
In fact, in accordance with the teaching method of education for liberation, each of the students is given assignments which connect their experiences from their country of origin to their present life, and the issues associated with emigration to the United States. The instructor had her Popular Education teeth cut in her teenage years during the nation-wide uprising of the Black American population, known today as the Civil Rights Movement, but known to her and her extended family of the time as the Black Liberation Movement (BLM). At the time of this movement — 1960’s-1970’s — social upheaval world-wide was the rule. In the People’s Republic of China (PRC) there was a revolution taking place within that country’s socialist revolution which was called the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution. The spirit of that revolution led to a foreign policy of the PRC which supported nationalist/anti-imperialist and socialist uprisings around the world. It was in this context that the PRC openly supported, with propaganda and material resources, the Black Liberation Movement. At the apex of the BLM, 1968, Mao Tse-tung, then Chairman of the Communist Party of China, and Head of State said,
Some days ago, Martin Luther King, the Afro-American clergyman, was suddenly assassinated by the U.S. imperialists. Martin Luther King was an exponent of nonviolence. Nevertheless, the U.S. imperialists did not on that account show any tolerance toward him, but used counter-revolutionary violence and killed him in cold blood. This has taught the broad masses of the Black people in the United States a profound lesson. It has touched off a new storm in their struggle against violent repression sweeping well over a hundred cities in the United States, a storm such as has never taken place before in the history of that country. It shows that an extremely powerful revolutionary force is latent in the more than twenty million Black Americans.
This English instructor (now in her ‘50’s), deeply moved by this show of support for her people, could not but undertake, as a young activist, an in-depth study of socialism and of the Chinese revolution.
The instructor lived in a Boston neighborhood for 40 years, which was variously named Boston’s Black community, Boston’s Puerto Rican community, Boston’s Haitian community, and Boston’s Dominican community. As a revolutionary and political activist, she understood it as her responsibility to be aware of, in depth, the struggles of the Puerto Rican people, the Haitian people, and those of the Dominican people, particularly with regard to the U.S. invasions of each country, the U.S. sponsored assassinations of elected officials of each country, as preludes to the outright military occupation of these nations, turning them into full-fledged colonies.
It is in connection with this history — and particularly the English instructor being authoritative about the history of the countries of every student in the class — that the instructor gave out her assignments: The Salvadoran student was enjoined to study the Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, the FMLN (the guerrilla army which represented the workers and peasants of El Salvador in their fight against the U.S.-backed military dictatorship), its origins, the role of the United States in creating a country of refugees, and the present status of the movement for freedom and justice in their country of origin. This study was to be developed to the level of a presentation made to the entire class. One Haitian student was enjoined to study and present on the immense countenance of Toussaint L’Ouveture and the Haitian slave revolution. Another was assigned the task of teaching her classmates about the Lavalas Movement in Haiti. Her instructor loaned her the text, In the Parish of the Poor, by President-elect Jean Bertrand Aristide.
In like manner, the Dominican students were given the assignment of telling the story of the election to President of the DR of Juan Bosch, socialist and close comrade-in-arms of Fidel Castro, his subsequent assassination by the U.S. military, and following this, the invasion of the country by U.S. marines, and the installation by the U.S. overlords of the cannibalist Trujillo military dictatorship which ate the Dominican people for over 30 years.
Some of the students had little systematic knowledge of the events here described. The Salvadoran Sister explained, in her presentation to the class regarding the FMLN:
When I was eleven years old the FMLN came into my town. My parents were told by town leaders that we had to flee. Many people from my extended family found ourselves hiding in a barn, cramped together, body to body, with no food or water, for over three days. When we “escaped” we never looked back. War was raging all over my country. At that age I did not really know what it was about. Ten years later we fled to the United States. As I said, we never looked back… — until three weeks ago when my instructor gave me this assignment. Now I know who the FMLN is. Now I know why they were fighting against the U.S.-backed military dictatorship of my country. I am very proud to find out that the FMLN is now the government of my country, trying to serve the real needs of the people of my country, and to turn a place that has been “a nation of refugees” into a haven of independence, sovereignty and freedom…
In the original presentation, the English was not as good as the above version. The class took her presentation and collectively edited it for grammar.
Four of the students were Chinese, three of them were teenagers during the Chinese Cultural Revolution, and two of these three did not share the reverence which their instructor (African American) had for this movement/episode in the history of the Chinese revolution (1966–1976). One of them voluntarily wrote (in other words, she was not given this as an assignment) a paper denouncing Yao Wen-Yuan, one of the paramount leaders of the Cultural Revolution. Knowing that her instructor revered this leader, nevertheless the student identified him as responsible for all manner of crimes against the people, including the crime of pushing her beloved Chou En-Lai (then Secretary of State of the Peoples Republic of China) to his death due to over-stress.
The method of the instructor, Liberation Pedagogy, is responsible for creating the space for these students to be moved to voluntarily write essays in English, their hoped-to-be second language, even essays which openly contradicted the views of their professor.
The Puerto Rican students who investigated the history of the Puerto Rican Independentista movement were amazed to discover how well known were the Puerto Rican leaders to freedom-loving people world-wide. They had never heard of Lolita Lebron or of “El Maestro” Don Pedro Albizu Campos (who Fidel Castro himself cites as his mentor and credits with being one of his foremost inspirations to political activism). While one of the Haitian students was well aware of the U.S. role in the presence of successive, vicious, inhuman military dictatorships in her country over the course of the last five decades, and the responsibility of U.S. corporate interests in the maintenance of a half-starved, poverty-stricken people in this island nation, the other two Haitians were less so. Therefore, the need to make this the subject of their English study was all the more impending.
Towards the end of the semester the instructor, who brought in guest speakers regularly, had the student activist group called SIM come to present. The Student Immigrant Movement was made up of young political activists who were fighting for the rights of immigrant students. These students had different class and social backgrounds from the students taking the course. Some of the SIM presenters were attending Harvard; some were already engaged in professions such as psychology and art. The students taking the course were working as orderlies in hospitals, day care workers, and nannies.
The class studied a promotional leaflet of SIM a week before the presentation. The leaflet was semi-intelligible for the class — not principally because of a lack of good grammar, and not principally because of the low English skills of the students in the class. The leaflet was hard to understand because it was grandiose: It made six points in each sentence, had manifest run-ons, and was endeavoring to solve all the world’s problems inside one paragraph.
The SIM presentation was very enthusiastically received by the students in the class, as the content of the presentation was the rights of the students. Specifically, they were mobilizing public support for the DREAM Act, a bill before the U.S. Congress which would grant the same public assistance which is afforded low income citizens to undocumented immigrant students. The information was of direct practical need to the students in the class.
This presentation lasted half of the session. The second half of the session was devoted to the students teaching the presenters how to write a leaflet that could be understood by, and be a benefit to, their readers. They went over the grammatical errors and the grandiose phraseology and came to common ground on reformulations.
This is the method of Popular Education. The agents of literacy are the students, not a book, or a professor. Learning oral presentation in English, and how to write grammatically correct English sentences, are the bi-product of a process which undertakes the social, economic and political needs of the students as the subject of study.
At least half of the students had stories about other professors whose teaching style consisted largely of punishing them for their lack of proficiency in English. If you, the reader, can at this moment abstract this image from that of a personal experience, and look at it from the point of view of systemic patterns, it must be readily obvious that this is the way of education in the United States: Students compete with each other for grades. If the student does not do well, she is penalized with a lower grade. In the case of refugees fleeing their countries of origin, coming to the United States, and taking English classes; they are doing so in order that they may take care of their most rudimentary business of life: to gain employment, pay bills, feed their families, enroll their children in school, each of these tasks being at once basic needs, and at the same time human rights. In the education industry in the United States, these students are “evaluated” as to whether or not they deserve to be able to feed their children, make a living wage, or pay their rent without getting ripped off by a vulturistic landlord.
One of the Chinese students made it a habit to print out, from her home computer, articles which she thought her instructor would be interested in. To the extent that she presented them as if she had written them, this is called plagiarism. Two issues arose from this series of exchanges: (1) One of the Moroccan students complained that this Chinese student was voluntarily going above and beyond the call of duty, and that she should not be given a higher grade than others in the class who failed to go to these lengths to impress the instructor. This complaint came mid-way through the semester, and these students, while being aware of the ways of the U.S. in competition and grading, had not yet accustomed themselves to the instructor’s complete rejection of the standards of competition and grading in the learning process.
(2) The issue of plagiarism was one which most of the students had trouble with. The law regarding plagiarism protects the private property of ideas. In the U.S. today, and especially with the advent of cyberspace and internet, presenting one’s ideas as one’s own private property is a very complicated and intricate endeavor. Students told horror stories of having been expelled from classes for the crime of not understanding the law regarding plagiarism. In this class, under the way of this practitioner of Popular Education, the students studied and learned together, they helped each other, they took their “tests” together, and they developed their ideas in community.
The class practiced each-one-teach-one, and in the course of the semester the English oratory and writing skills greatly improved for each student. The instructor recorded a grade of “A” into the transcripts of each one of them.
This rendering of the way of teaching ESOL is a snapshot of the method, theory and practice of Liberation Pedagogy.
* This essay is excerpted from Alexander Lynn. (2013). The Community Teacher’s Guide to Liberation Pedagogy, Chapter One, “People’s Curriculum.” Boston: Boston Women’s Fund Publisher, pp14–18. | <urn:uuid:481ea146-f64d-47aa-9f7a-b34aeac2a588> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://alexandersjeunity.medium.com/teaching-esol-through-popular-education-d2381c7679b4 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.975141 | 2,910 | 2.5 | 2 |
The way i see it.
My world in my most formative years shaped me into a certain kind of someone.
Vermicious Knids (crop) – Roald Dahl
The cultural landscape that formed me, was shaped by all of the generations of individuals before me. It was not only made by my immediate family or neighbours. The physical landscape of my cities and my forests all hold shadows of the history of the power structures and conflicts that have shaped me.
if we accept this as true…
Why is it that my particular ‘history’ as far as history class is concerned, dictate history as conqueror and conquered? Why is my history preselected by my familial ancestors when the embodied history of my Region is what most strongly influences me? Why is the history of indentured labourers from India supposed to be more relevant to me when the history of african slavery and white colonial power equally shaped the cultural context of my world?
I have long felt that this sort of racialised view of history is truly useless.
It is useless because the past does not exist in any tangible way, but in artifact and memory. We tend to be defensive of the artifacts and memory that we identify as our own. In multiethnic societies, that ownership tends to be racially polarized. My question to you today is – what is the real value in that? What is the value of that when the story that belongs to a particular place is comprised of the victors AND the defeated – all sharing the same landscape and different sides of the same coin. Not only is the racially polarized version of events inaccurate, but it’s also dangerous. It allows people to either hate themselves or think far too well of themselves. It encourages blindness and ignorance. It makes a very rich history into propaganda.
I saw a video with one mans reflections on the Ferguson events that really stuck with me. Click here
. He articulates very well something that’s been lurking in my mind for a long time. What if we were able to accept a non racial view of history as our own story? Wouldn’t that be more helpful in understanding the real give and take of civilized society? Wouldn’t a less polarized view of history teach our children more about the actual shape of our world and the real cost of development and growth? Couldn’t we make a more sustainable future for ourselves with a more integrated view of global events and a more level headed view of the people around us?
The shape of your value system and your expectations arises out of the palimpsest that is your silent but ever present cultural id.
For myself, being from the Caribbean, I’ve internally claimed African and Indian history as my own. Never before though have I integrated European Colonial history as a part of my own story. Internally, I’ve held on to the oppressed and oppressor roles. I’ve come to realize though that that’s neither right nor helpful. Without understanding both sides of the equation – without claiming both roles of Caribbean history as part of my own – I am leaving out significant territory in my cultural understanding of myself and the world as I’ve come to know it. I’m also leaving out the knowledge that comes from the mistakes of our ancestors, claiming only the seeming virtues. Every side is ripe with knowledge that can only bring growth.
Vermicious Knids-Roald Dahl-Charlie and the Great Glass Elevator | <urn:uuid:83f6a427-70db-43d2-99f5-6ef17f81bbb8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://colouredcollective.com/2014/12/10/colourful-history/?shared=email&msg=fail | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.966113 | 711 | 2.28125 | 2 |
Google Earth 6 brings some major improvements to navigating through the streets in Street View. Though Street View has been available in Google Earth for a while, it was somewhat awkward to navigate through the streets with it. I found it easier to use Street View in Google Maps and even then it was a bit choppy to use. Mind you, I’m not complaining! That I can get these kind of views of much of the world at all, is amazing. Still I’m happy with the improvements.
Zoom in on a view in Google Earth and when you get close enough to the earth, your view should tilt right down to street level. If it doesn’t, grab PegMan off the navigation tools on the right and plop him down on a blue-highlighted street.
Use your mouse scroll button to move forward or use your keyboard’s arrow keys. Thin yellow lines “overhead” will tell you where you can go forward and streets you can turn down. It’s not totally seamless, but pretty amazing. I just took a long ‘walk’ through the streets of Hesinki, revisiting places I saw last summer. This felt far more immersive than looking at photos.
This video has a nice overview of how to move around in 3D and Street View. | <urn:uuid:12e2d638-b358-4b87-af91-188b49498afd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.pafa.net/2010/12/more-on-google-earth-6/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.936922 | 274 | 1.835938 | 2 |
Ying and Yang computer artwork of the Taijitu symbol representing Yin and Yang These are complementary opposing yet mutually dependent forces in nature according to ancient Chinese philosophy Yin black is the dark introverted and calm side Yang white is the bright extroverted and active side
Why settle for blank walls, when you can transform them into stunning vista points. Explore from imaginative scenic abstracts to sublime beach landscapes captured on camera. The possibilities are endless. The painterly quality of our canvas creates an almost life-like panorama, so you can enjoy your favorite scenery without leaving home.
Vincent Van Gogh’s Starry Night is one of the most renowned scenic masterpieces. Other famous landscape artists and photographers include Georgia O'Keeffe, Ansel Adams, and Claude Monet.
Never lose touch with your roots or embrace a new culture with world art. Our collection will bring you closer to traditions, cultural, and even historical moments worldwide. Explore bohemian, Scandinavian, to tropical art without leaving your couch.
Norman Rockwell, Monica Stewart, Frida Kahlo, Jean -Michel Basquiat are renowned for capturing culture with their art. Elevate your living space with our world culture masterpieces customized in our professionally hand-stretched canvas. | <urn:uuid:a76f45b2-87c3-4d5c-bc84-c80a9cf12c04> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.art.com/products/p22110084938-sa-i7598275/pasieka-yin-and-yang.htm?upi=PL5O7H0&PODConfigID=4990091&sOrigID=792783 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00264.warc.gz | en | 0.882759 | 267 | 1.601563 | 2 |
Haunted House Tag
OR Corn Maze Tag
I like to play this game in late October when some students may have already visited the pumpkin patch, corn maze, or a haunted house with their friends/family.
Tell students we have set up a pretend haunted house(s) (or corn maze). It is not scary, but we are pretending that it is scary! The haunted house can be made of a variety of objects, so just be creative and use what you have.
House/Maze #1: Set up 2 gym mats, standing vertically, side by side. They should be just wide enough to walk through (like a hallway). Drape a big bed sheet over the top and sides of the gym mats so it is enclosed. Students will have to walk through this house.
House/Maze #2: Set up one gym mat laying down on the floor. Put an expandable tunnel on top of it. Line the sides of it with small cones so it doesn’t roll. Tape streamers or ribbon from one end or both ends so you can’t see through the exit of the tunnel (optional). Students will crawl through this house.
House/Maze #3: Use your largest cones and foam cross bars to set up a small tent. Drape a bed sheet over the top and sides. Students will have to crawl through this house.
3 black or orange yarn balls
1-3 Haunted Houses/Corn Mazes (see above for ideas)
Halloween music (optional)
Explanation of Game:
This is tag with NO SAFE. Players continue to move throughout the playing area for 2-3 minutes, until teacher gives them a signal to stop. Rotate taggers every round.
To begin the game, select 3 taggers to begin on the end line. Taggers carry the yarn balls with them and use them for tagging players. Players begin in personal space. When everyone yells “HAPPY HALLOWEEN” the game begins.
If a player is tagged, they must go through ONE of the haunted houses/or corn mazes to re-enter the game.
Note: Taggers may not “babysit” the exit of the haunted houses and just re-tag players immediately. | <urn:uuid:35db327c-f0ed-452f-81a5-24c6979db260> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://carly3.blogspot.com/2010/10/haunted-housecorn-maze-tag.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.930459 | 479 | 2.8125 | 3 |
An increasing number of non-state actors are taking steps towards and beyond carbon neutrality and making claims about their climate impact and contribution to mitigation, so as to contribute to the Paris Agreement’s long-term goal to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius. Voluntary compensation of greenhouse gas emissions enables actors to take responsibility for their remaining emissions by supporting additional mitigation outcomes that occur outside the actors’ boundaries. This report maps key international guidance and initiatives relevant to voluntary compensation. It aims to foster a common knowledge base on high-integrity use of voluntary compensation as part of actors’ broader mitigation efforts towards and beyond carbon neutrality. It was prepared under the Nordic Dialogue on Voluntary Compensation. | <urn:uuid:913cfd67-525e-4168-920d-e5734509901b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.norden.org/is/node/60092 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.94066 | 146 | 2.046875 | 2 |
For the month of April, Blue Grouse Estate Winery will donate $1 from every bottle of wine sold to the Nourish Cowichan Society. Nourish was created to feed children in need, in the Cowichan Valley school district, the maternity clinic at the Cowichan District Hospital, and three daycares.
The Cowichan Valley has the highest rate of child poverty on Vancouver Island, a staggering 30 percent. This is the second highest in British Columbia. Many of the children affected by hunger were going to school without breakfast and the only food they would receive was at school through the Nourish Cowichan program. Now that schools are closed and lessons halted, these children are going hungry.
In addition to giving $1 per bottle sold, the Brunner family, owners of Blue Grouse Winery, will match every donation dollar for dollar. With April being BC Wine month, it is a great time to support BC wineries and farmers, and what a bonus to be able to also help a charitable organisation that needs it so much.
“While there are many deserving charitable organisations and societies that will require support through the Covid-19 pandemic,” notes Blue Grouse Estate Winery owner Paul Brunner, “Blue Grouse and our family will commit to helping our local community, and those most in need in that community.”
“We believe every child should be given the same opportunities to learn and succeed,” notes Brunner. “We hope to help by supporting Nourish Cowichan, so they can combat hunger with nutritious, locally produced food.”
This initiative applies to Blue Grouse and Quill wines sold at the winery, retail and restaurants. Due to recent developments around COVID-19, the team has temporarily closed the winery. However, Blue Grouse is offering pickup at the gates from 11am-4pm, Monday to Friday. Call (250) 743-3834 for Saturday and Sunday options.
In addition, Blue Grouse offera free delivery within a 10 km radius of the winery, with a $100 minimum purchase. Beyond a 10 km radius, shipping is free to BC residents for a purchase of six or more bottles.
The Nourish Cowichan Society works to protect and feed families at risk where parents may have lost their income, and it provides emergency hampers with donated non-perishable items, supermarket gift cards, and more.
Feature photo courtesy: Blue Grouse Estate Winery | <urn:uuid:f7a07827-3076-45fe-8b3a-68eb9e0b391a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.douglasmagazine.com/blue-grouse-winery-helps-children-in-need-in-cowichan-valley/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.960916 | 523 | 1.625 | 2 |
Try Writing Some of These Types of Content to Expand Your Readership
How many posts has your company blog accumulated over the years? Dozens? At some point, you’ll run into a common issue faced by many marketers and business owners: a lack of ideas for fresh content. The solution is to diversify your content by exploring outside of the standard informative blog post format.
Here are some alternative forms of written content for you to try out. These are all forms of content that often go viral—when you add them to the mix, you give yourself more options to choose from while planning your content schedule, and also boost your ability to generate leads.
You’ve seen them all over the internet, popularized by sites like Buzzfeed and numerous imitators. You may have even disparaged these kinds of articles as “clickbait.” However, this form of content grew so common for a reason: it really does get readers to click, and with good reason.
Readers love content that communicates the point clearly and lets them get the relevant info as efficiently as possible. List articles make this easy, providing a user-friendly format that the reader can quickly scan and understand. They work well for the same reason that it works well to break up your regular posts with clear headings, bolded text, bullet points, etc.
Don’t worry, you won’t be diluting your brand or producing “clickbait,” which “baits” clicks with misleading or sensational headlines with no substance behind them. Use list articles to make your useful, relevant content more accessible, and your readers will thank you by spreading it around.
Book and Product Reviews
Another type of content that often entices readers to share and discuss is reviews. Readers often consult reviews for buying advice, and share reviews when debating peers on whether to purchase something. These generally are either product reviews or book reviews, each of which requires its own approach.
If your readership includes the types of people that read books, writing book reviews can be a great way to engage readers and position yourself more as a thought leader. You’ll recommend books that are useful, critique ones that aren’t as good, and share the value you find.
Don’t get caught up discussing every detail of the book, though. It may help to loosely follow this format:
- Introduce the book
- Introduce the author
- Summarize the major points of the book
- Share what’s good about the book
- Share what’s not as good about the book
- Make a recommendation for or against the book
- Link to the book with a call to action
This should keep you on task and help produce a review that gives readers a clear and useful evaluation of the book. Finally, keep in mind that a review will be even more successful if you target new releases, or better yet interview the author and/or get a hold of a pre-release review copy.
A product review helps establish you as an expert and a thought leader, but isn’t as limiting. Not every readership likes books, but ever industry has a range of products and services to try out. As a professional, you’ve been working in this industry every day for years. Your experience positions you as an ideal guide for others looking to navigate the industry, and product reviews are a great tool to achieve that.
The product review should follow the same general format as the book review described above. Introduce the product and producer, describe its features, share the good and bad, recommend one way or the other, and end with a call to action. Also similar to a book review, you can boost the effectiveness by engaging developers, service providers, producers, etc, when discussing a great product. Also note that if the product is a physical object, it’s a good idea to include original photos or a video.
One of the reasons that readers like to share reviews is because it’s an opportunity to voice their own opinion, agree or disagree, and discuss the topic with their own social circles. An opinion post lets you engage them in all those same ways.
The tone of an opinion post is more expressive and voices a stronger opinion than a normal informational blog post. Be clear that you’re voicing your personal take, take a stand, and don’t be afraid to use first-person more than you normally would.
However, stay humble and keep it civil. An opinion piece shouldn’t be an angry rant or personal attack. That’ll turn readers off more than anything.
Also don’t make these too frequent, as readers quickly get tired of you using your blog as a platform for your personal opinions. A good time for an opinion post is when there’s a piece of relevant news to discuss, such as a major change in your industry.
Resource and Link Pages
As we mentioned before, readers engage with content that’s relevant and useful. Sometimes, you can provide value without having to wrap it in too much writing. A page of links to useful resources is an easy and effective way to provide your readers with tangible benefits in an accessible format.
Keep it simple: list the title of the link, make it a hyperlink, and number it. Alternatively, you can introduce each link with a short blurb on its contents and/or usefulness. This lets you add a bit of value of your own and maintain your presence through the list, reinforcing your position as an expert.
Diversify Your Written Content by Scheduling Ahead
You might like how these ideas all sound, but the challenge is to actually implement them after you’ve left this page. All too often, it’s easier to just do another routine informative blog post. To combat that, it’s useful to your content ahead and make it a goal to include more types of written content.
That can take a lot of time and effort. Yet, you don’t have to do it all on your own. Frontier Marketing employs a complete team of marketing professionals to provide a balanced and effective mix of online marketing services. The team includes dedicated writers, graphic designers, and web designers who apply their talents to produce top-quality content for your business. Give us a call at (847) 254-0837 today, and explore how we can take your online marketing to the next level! | <urn:uuid:860c53ea-b9d5-4a4a-bbeb-1227449903c4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://frontiermarketingllc.com/written-content-viral/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.937539 | 1,352 | 1.609375 | 2 |
by Christopher Morgan and Robert Peterson, eds.
Faith Comes by Hearing is a contribution to an evangelical theology of the unevangelized.
InterVarsity Press, Box 1400, Downers Grove, IL 60515, 2008, 270 pages, $23.00.
—Reviewed by Christopher R. Little, professor of intercultural studies, Columbia International University, Columbia, South Carolina.
Faith Comes by Hearing is a contribution to an evangelical theology of the unevangelized. What’s specifically new is Christopher Morgan’s contention that the traditional classification of pluralism, inclusivism, and exclusivism is inadequate and must be replaced. In answering the question, “Is there any basis for hope that those who do not hear of Christ in this life will be saved?” he offers the following spectrum of responses: church exclusivism, gospel exclusivism, special revelation exclusivism (represented in my book, The Revelation of God among the Unevangelized), agnosticism, general revelation inclusivism, world religions inclusivism, postmortem evangelism, universalism, and pluralism (p. 26). This is surely a helpful typology and should be adopted in future discussion.
Other noteworthy contributions in this volume are: Daniel Strange’s “General Revelation: Sufficient or Insufficient?” where he not only argues for the salvific insufficiency of general revelation but also that if people providentially find themselves without special revelation it is due to “divine judicial abandonment” (p. 72); William Edgar’s “Exclusivism: Unjust or Just?” in which he observes: “It is fair for God to be angry with the world…because we have transgressed his covenant and committed cosmic treason” (p. 88); Walter Kaiser Jr.’s “Holy Pagans: Reality or Myth,” where he points out that the way of salvation in the Old and New Testaments is one and the same—through faith in God’s Messiah Jesus (pp. 140–141); Stephen Wellum’s “Saving Faith: Implicit or Explicit?” whereby he reminds those involved in this debate that “logical possibilities are not necessarily biblical possibilities….Unless scripture explicitly sanctions and warrants it, we must be careful in drawing hypotheses that rise to the level of settled convictions” (p. 183); and Robert Peterson’s “Inclusivism and Exclusivism on Key Biblical Texts,” where he examines in detail eight biblical passages and deduces they support an exclusivist reading as opposed to an inclusivist one.
In the final chapter, “Answers to Notable Questions,” Morgan and Peterson respond to critical issues that often arise in the minds of sincere inquirers. Also, they wonder whether inclusivists, based upon Alister McGrath’s definition of evangelicalism, can be considered evangelical since they alter “the character and necessity of the Church’s mission” (p. 251). Whatever the case, every Bible college student, seminarian, and conscientious Christian should read and seriously consider their thoughts regarding the spiritual condition of the lost and the eternal destiny of those who die apart from personal faith in Christ. I know my students will be!
Check these titles:
Okholm, Dennis and Timothy Phillips, eds. 1995. More than One Way? Four Views on Salvation in a Pluralistic World, Grand Rapids, Mich.: Zondervan.
Sanders, John, ed. 1995. What about Those Who Have Never Heard? Three Views on the Destiny of the Unevangelized. Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity Press.
Copyright © 2008 Evangelism and Missions Information Service (EMIS). All rights reserved. Not to be reproduced or copied in any form without written permission from EMIS. | <urn:uuid:294ab213-8ed2-4cc0-a047-69d8fa54e354> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://missionexus.org/faith-comes-by-hearing-a-response-to-inclusivism/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.887912 | 813 | 1.875 | 2 |
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studio in your pocket. | <urn:uuid:a91ca6fb-7548-4325-ac04-c5f470363ced> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.storyboards.com/storyboard-artists | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.865688 | 330 | 1.539063 | 2 |
House cricket (Acheta domesticus) at the National Zoo in Washington D.C.
Barasingha (Rucervus duvaucelii syn. Cervus duvaucelii) also called swamp deer, at the National Zoological Park New Delhi in New Delhi, India.
A wire fence keeps elk (Cervus canadensis) on Elk National refuge land and from roaming into the town of Jackson, Wyoming.
Joel is a popular keynote speaker with conservation, corporate, and civic groups.
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Join the team on our mission to document and bring awareness to every species in human care. | <urn:uuid:5247ea50-867a-44bf-897b-7897efae3ff6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.joelsartore.com/keyword/cervus/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573908.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820043108-20220820073108-00264.warc.gz | en | 0.864846 | 208 | 1.546875 | 2 |
As the temperature drops, so does the humidity. Why do people get sicker during the winter? We turn on our indoor heaters and radiators which further dries up the air around us. The inside of our noses and sinuses also dry out and this creates the perfect environment for cold viruses, aka rhinoviruses, to attach and infect our respiratory cells. Cold weather also changes the outer structure of flu viruses, making them more infectious. This is why flu season is always in the wintertime!
What Can You Do?
There are several ways you can stay healthy during the winter months. First, a humidifier in the house will help cut down on the dryness. It’ll keep your sinuses moist, especially at night when the heater is on full blast.
Finally, keep fresh air flowing as much as possible. This can mean cracking a window or just getting out and walking around more often.
Taking Care of Your Body
Make sure to drink lots of fluid and eat a well-balanced diet. There’s not much you can do to prevent viruses from getting into your body. But if you’re sick, your chances of a quick, easy recovery are higher if you’re already healthy and exercising. With all the heaters and dry air, your body loses water much faster, so stay hydrated to keep it functioning at optimal levels.
Benefits of Yoga In Winter
Winter is a time to reflect, slow, focus turning your attention inwards, so that you can have greater clarity to set your intentions.
Yoga nourishes your body and mind. It encourages you to find stillness and it supports your sleep patterns.
To read more on sleep click here Wishing to improve your sleep
Yoga calming, it boosts the immune system and lowers stress levels. Ever wonder why people tend to get it in the colder months? It’s not because cold weather makes you sick.
However, several factors create the perfect environment for illness, during the winter months ~
- Vitamin deficiency
- Poor diet
- Lack of exercise
- Poor circulation
- Not keeping your body warm
Yoga Poses To Support You During The Winter
Here we are going to look at poses to support your respiratory system, open your chest, throat and sinuses.
- Sun Salutations. Not just one pose, however a flow of poses linking the breath, warming your body while building flexibility and strength.
- Reverse Warrior
- Camel Pose
- Baby Bridge
- Shoulder Stand
- Fish Pose | <urn:uuid:906b4800-94b7-42b8-bb26-935a17ac2cc7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.shakeyourcoreyoga.com/why-do-people-get-sicker-during-the-winter/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.934914 | 530 | 2.875 | 3 |
How to Say It: rose-AY-sha
Rosacea is a skin problem that causes flushing and redness of the face. It can also cause a rash or small red sores that look like acne.
Ocular rosacea affects the eyes. It makes them red and irritated.
Copyright © Nucleus Medical Media, Inc.
The exact cause is not known. It may be due to a problem with the immune system.
Rosacea may be triggered by:
Rosacea often starts in people over 30 years of age. It is more common in people with fair skin who are of European descent.
Other things that may raise the risk are:
Facial flushing and redness are the most common symptoms. Others may be:
You will be asked about your symptoms and health history. A physical exam will be done. This is often enough to make the diagnosis.
There is no cure. The goal of treatment is to manage symptoms. Choices are:
People who are not helped by other methods may need laser therapy or light-based therapies. These can help to ease redness and manage enlarged blood vessels.
There are no known guidelines to prevent this health problem.
American Academy of Dermatology
National Rosacea Society
Canadian Dermatology Association
Gallo RL, Granstein RD, et al. Standard classification and pathophysiology of rosacea: The 2017 update by the National Rosacea Society Expert Committee. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2018 Jan;78(1):148-155
Rosacea. American Academy of Dermatology website. Available at: https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/acne-and-rosacea/rosacea. Accessed December 1, 2020.
Rosacea. EBSCO DynaMed website. Available at: https://www.dynamed.com/condition/rosacea. Accessed December 1, 2020.
Rosacea. Family Doctor—American Academy of Family Physicians website. Available at: https://familydoctor.org/condition/rosacea. Accessed December 1, 2020.
Rosacea. National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases website. Available at: https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/rosacea. Accessed December 1, 2020.
Last reviewed September 2020 by
EBSCO Medical Review Board
Marcin Chwistek, MD
Last Updated: 4/23/2021 | <urn:uuid:fbec8f44-c6f9-4cb9-b19e-a2979103c871> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://healthlibrary.epnet.com/GetContent.aspx?token=ffe89542-7047-469b-aadd-ceea6d53cb65&chunkiid=11587 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00264.warc.gz | en | 0.874041 | 560 | 3.296875 | 3 |
All opinions of the interviewer are my own and do not necessarily reflect those of Novo Nordisk.
Illumina is the industry leader in high-throughput sequencing platforms and over the past decade has employed a fascinating mix of innovation, creativity in approach, community engagement and aggressive exploration into different business areas. I recently had the opportunity to interview Erica Ramos, who works as a clinical genomics specialist and certified genetic counselor in the professional services group within Illumina’s CLIA lab, about Illumina and genetic counseling.
Kyle Serikawa: Can you describe what Illumina is doing in the field of genetic counseling? That is, are you creating a genetic counseling service, or advocating an increase in training of genetic counselors, or creating materials to facilitate counseling?
Erica Ramos: So Illumina has four full time genetic counselors as part of their services group. We don’t provide direct services to patients; Illumina’s model is to provide support to the providers, the physicians. We support what’s being done in the genetics core at Illumina. As for training, we offer opportunities for that. Every year we welcome a second year student in genetic counseling for a 10 week, part time rotation. We’ve done about 5 of those so far. It’s an opportunity for those students to see how genetic counseling skills can be applied to a non-clinical setting. We see the internships as a way to engage these people who will go on to become genetic counselors. Illumina is also a very active in the genetics community, including membership in the American College of Medical Genetics and other organizations.
KS: Given the current landscape of, for example, exome and whole-genome sequencing, it seems like genetic literacy will become an increasingly important skill—both for understanding how genetic variants can be interpreted and also how genetic information will be communicated. How is Illumina thinking about educational needs in genetics?
ER: The genetics community as a whole is concerned about the need for wider understanding of genetics to help inform medical practice. From Illumina’s standpoint, one of the things we can do is to support the internships I’ve described as a way to provide exposure to non-clinical roles for genetic counselors, which broadens the potential market. Also, we’re providing a training option that maybe not all academic programs can support. At the same time, the universities themselves can see the developing need, and through supply and demand we hope to see an increase in the number of genetic counselors being trained.
There is also need for the education and updating of other professions. Physicians, nurse practitioners and others. Illumina has put on the “Understand Your Genome” symposia to work with providers who don’t currently have as deep an understanding as they would like.
KS: How do you see genetic counseling as synergizing with Illumina’s business interests?
ER: Illumina is very interested in genomes being available in the clinical space. It’s an extremely powerful technology. At the same time, we want to make sure that genome information is used in a way that is helpful. This is why we’re focused on things like our training programs, to help make this information useful.
KS: There has been a great increase in interest about the genetic underpinnings of disease and wellness, in no small part because of the technological advances Illumina has been a part of. What do you see as the key ways in which genetic information is helping human health? How do you think genetic information will be used most effectively in the future?
ER: If we look at the landscape now, what are being reported are what you can think of as “poster child” cases; situations where genome sequencing has led to an understanding of the cause of a previously mysterious illness or disease. These are very important as they provide a concrete example of the benefits of learning genomic information. It’s an interesting time. We’re seeing more and more of these “poster children” and it’s very clear that even though often an understanding of the genetic basis doesn’t immediately suggest a cure or treatment, there is nevertheless a real benefit for the diagnosis, and that can’t be undervalued.
Eventually we expect to see value more broadly. Historically for genetics, the way medical incorporation of genetic information and technologies has gone is, an initial round in which the application is primarily to the affected patients, whom are helped. Once we learn about the genes and variants that are important, however, that information can be used to create tests to screen for carrier status. The same thing will, hopefully, happen with genome scale information. At first the community will focus on specific diseases, and over time the benefits and knowledge will spread out and applications will grow.
KS: It’s clear that with the advances in our understanding of genetics and genomics over the past decade that better knowledge and communication of genetic results will be needed in medical practice. How do you see genetic counselors fitting in to the practice of medicine? Do you feel continuing medical education needs to do more in the area of training physicians?
ER: Medical schools are coming to that realization. We’re seeing many medical schools becoming very innovative. Mt. Sinai has started integrating sequencing and genomics into their regular practice of diagnosis and treating of patients. Schools are also creating interactive programs that try to engage patients differently, given a greater understanding of their genomes.
KS: What methods do you see as becoming most useful in the practice of genetic counseling moving forward? As more people get their genome sequenced or at least genotyped, how can nuances best be communicated to people?
ER: One of the things that’s been a focus of thinking is the delivery of genetic counseling services. For example, does that have to be face-to-face? Can that be via video? Or will a phone call suffice? How can we address individuals who live in remote areas?
KS: Yes, that seems to be a thread across a lot of healthcare discussion today—the digital divide, how mobile health may alleviate some of the discrepancies of service in rural areas, and also what are the optimal, as opposed to high-tech, solutions. Being from Seattle, I often immediately think that high-tech is the way to go, but you provide a good reminder that what’s important is what actually gets the job done, and that might be as simple as a phone call.
ER: Exactly. Another thing that’s helping is to have specialization within genetic counseling. For example, we might have a group of cardiovascular specialists, and with the internet and the ability to connect people remotely, those specialists can be called in to talk to specific patients about specific findings that are important for cardiovascular health. In this way, even with a limited number of counselors, the impact can be greater. We have to think about alternative models.
KS: What does Illumina think about the process of consent for genomic studies? For example, is Illumina in favor of portable consents? What is Illumina’s position on the Genetic Information Non-Discrimination Act?
ER: Particularly in clinical services, we are very aware of consenting patients. It’s absolutely a part of our requirements that informed consent be obtained and we’re very proud of that. We do our services via physicians, not patients, and so when communicating with the health care provider we offer advice, templates, and standard practices to them if they need it, to ensure things are done correctly for patient consent.
With respect to using data, we are conscientious about protecting personal health information. We have an external ethics advisory board with whom we discuss uses of data, what consents allow for data use, and where to draw the line between acceptable and unacceptable uses.
With respect to GINA and other legislation, Illumina believes very strongly that access to genetic and genomic testing is of public importance, and that it’s important to have safeguards in place to ensure this can continue.
KS: Thank you very much for your time. Is there anything you’d like to add about genetic counseling and Illumina?
ER: I think generally Illumina has been a good, integrated place for genetic counseling. It’s allowed genetic counselors such as myself to take on roles that are a little different from the norm. It takes the people, interactive, explanatory and analytical skills we are trained in and lets us move those skills into the lab and the business environment. I think this has been a benefit both for us and the larger community. | <urn:uuid:8f546fbd-3b2d-4757-9d78-090200ce3aa8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://kyleserikawa.com/2013/12/13/genetic-counseling-at-illumina/?shared=email&msg=fail | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.955621 | 1,776 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Is this yet another case in which New York is setting global trends? By the end of the year, the state courts in New York are due to have a system in place requiring that civil and commercial disputes be resolved through presumptive mediation. “Presumptive mediation” means an “automatic”, pre-trial, statewide program of court-sponsored ADR. In this context, the term ADR, and specifically its “alternative” first “A”, sounds increasingly like an oxymoron, as mediation reclaims its central position in the mainstream of the justice system.
While similar programs already exist (or did exist) throughout some state courts in New York (see e.g. another post on this blog dated 2014), the new scheme will mandate presumptive mediation statewide. The Report of the New York State ADR Advisory Committee released earlier this year offers a broad overview of court-sponsored mediation programs, including some empirical evidence that “court-sponsored mediation works“. The top two indicators of the effectiveness of mediation: participant satisfaction rates and settlement rates, are typically at levels above 60%.
The existing program of the New Jersey courts, which was first introduced as a pilot on July 1, 1995, belongs to the most successful ones. There also exist ADR schemes tailored for specific categories of disputes, for example, custody and visitation matters or attorney-client fee disputes.
However, the majority of the existing programs currently require either the parties to opt in to mediation, or individual judges to refer the parties to mediation in individual cases. The new program will rely on “automatic presumptive referrals (subject to appropriate opt-out limitations) of identified types of disputes.” While the Report does not use the term “mandatory mediation”, but “presumptive mediation”, in some respects the concept does resemble some existing schemes typically referred to as mandatory.
The program allows for adapting to local conditions and circumstances throughout the state. Administrative Judges are to formulate the individual plans taking the fullest advantage of a wide range of existing resources, including volunteer mediators and neutrals on court rosters, judges, nonjudicial staff, judicial hearing officers and community dispute resolution centres.
In Brooklyn the new presumptive mediation program began on September 3 with a broad spectrum encompassing civil disputes. The fact that the program is “court-sponsored” means, among other things, that “each case gets one free hour of a mediator’s services” at no cost. After the first session, the parties can decide to continue with a mediator or to move towards a trial.
Fingers crossed! Looking forward to seeing more and more New Yorkers presuming that mediation is THE method for resolving disputes! | <urn:uuid:578c1b16-8f40-4b8b-926b-cd02ed7bcd2b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://mediationblog.kluwerarbitration.com/2019/09/18/presumptive-mediation/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.933497 | 561 | 1.882813 | 2 |
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Women’s health is often neglected; learn about heart attacks in women and how it is a growing threat to many Indian women.
The number of Indian women with cardiovascular illnesses is on the rise. The first set of results from the Million Deaths Study (Link to results: PDF), the largest exercise of its kind to gather actual data about mortality in India, states that cardiovascular diseases have emerged as the largest killer across the board, in urban as well as rural areas, and among both men and women.
Across India, heart disease accounted for nearly 19 percent of all deaths. In urban areas, in the age group of 25 to 69 years, heart disease accounts for as high as 32.8 percent of deaths.
Lifestyle and dietary changes are a big factor in the rise of heart related ailments. Urban Indians, both men and women are eating more processed food and leading more sedentary lives than ever before. The lack of proper exercise, unbalanced diets with a high proportion of carbohydrates, stressful careers, smoking and drinking all contribute to risks associated with cardiovascular disease, with heart attack being one of the most common manifestations.
Women may be at higher risk of heart attack, according to a study on the relationship between foods with a high glycemic index and the risk of heart disease conducted by the Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan. It showed that women with diets rich in foods with a high glycemic index such as white bread, sweets and sugary cereals showed an increased incidence of coronary disease. This happens because high carbohydrate diets increase blood glucose levels as well as the levels of triglycerides while reducing the levels of protective good cholesterol.
Dr. Aashish Contractor, Head, Department of Preventive Cardiology and Rehabilitation, Asian Heart Institute, says, “Indians are genetically prone towards Heart Disease, and women are at a greater risk post menopause. Older women do tend to ignore symptoms and not go in for regular check ups, leading to greater complications. The number of women suffering from heart related ailments is going up, and this is because lifestyle related ailments are also going up.”
Lifestyle diseases such as Diabetes which are on the upswing among urban Indians also add to the risk. Never miss real stories from India's women.Register Now
Lifestyle diseases such as Diabetes which are on the upswing among urban Indians also add to the risk.
Lifestyle diseases such as Diabetes which are on the upswing among urban Indians also add to the risk. According to Dr. Contractor, “Higher sugar levels lead to a greater risk of heart ailments.” He maintains that the only way to prevent cardiovascular ailments is to adopt a healthy lifestyle. “The rules are simple. Eat right. Eat light. Exercise for 30 to 40 minutes, for a minimum of five days a week, at moderate levels to start with. Keep your sugar and cholesterol levels within limits through diet control. Quit smoking and alcohol.”
Experts also state that the arteries of women are narrower when compared to men, making them more susceptible to coronary disease. This means that coronary and heart diseases need to be more aggressively managed in women than men. Narrower arteries also make medical interventions more difficult.
Another factor most cardiologists stress on when it comes to women’s health is neglect. Women often neglect their symptoms because they are conditioned not to take their health as seriously. In the traditional family, a woman is always the last to take herself to the doctor if she is ill while the main focus in health matters is the children or the husband.
In the traditional family, a woman is always the last to take herself to the doctor if she is ill.
It is also wrongly believed that women are not prone to cardio vascular ailments; due to this, most women are not aware of what symptoms they should watch out for. Since women have fewer symptoms and breathlessness rather than the chest pain that men suffer, it tends to go unnoticed. Dr. Contractor agrees. “Women should be alert to note any feelings of breathlessness and discomfort and get the necessary check ups done, after consulting their general physician, especially if they are hypertensive, diabetic or have high levels of cholesterol.” If you are above 30, it is always a good idea to get a master health check-up done, especially for those with a higher genetic risk of heart disease.
1. Cut out saturated and trans fat intake. You can do this by cutting down drastically on the intake of solid fats such as butter and ghee.
2. Choose your protein sources with care.
Opt for low fat protein sources. Meat, poultry and fish along with dairy products and eggs are great sources of protein, but also high in total fat, saturated fat and, cholesterol. Make sensible food choices such as skim milk rather than whole milk, skinless chicken breast rather than fried chicken patties and fish rather than red meat. Oily fish like salmon are healthier because they’re rich in omega-3 fatty acids which help lower triglyceride levels and could possibly reduce the risk of sudden cardiac death. Legumes are a good source of protein and have no fat or cholesterol. Soya is another great substitute for animal protein.
3. An apple a day
Traditional wisdom had it right. Fruits and vegetables are rich in fiber, nutrients and phytochemicals which are good for health. Eating fruits and vegetables raw sates hunger pangs and makes us less likely to go for high fat comfort food.
4. Select whole grains
Whole grains such as ragi and jowar are high in fiber which reduces cholesterol levels. They are also important sources of vitamins and minerals, such as thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, folate, selenium, zinc and iron.
5. Finally, be aware of your body. Eat responsibly, exercise diligently, and keep your sugar and cholesterol levels in control either through diet control and exercise or medication if required.
It might just be that edge you need to fight cardiovascular illness, if it ever happens to you.
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Honestly, I made the mistake of judging a book by its cover by considering Janhvi Kapoor to be a stereotypical star, but she's worked hard on this one!
I started watching Good Luck Jerry (2022) with extremely low expectations of what the film would offer. In all honesty, I made the mistake of judging a book by its cover by considering Janhvi Kapoor to be a stereotypical star kid, much like her cousin Sonam Kapoor.
However, I was proved wrong and can say without a doubt that I am in awe of the actor’s hard work and growth. Keeping all of that in mind, here are a few reasons why I believe the film works.
A less explored genre in Indian cinema is that of dark comedies, maybe because of how difficult it is to write a comical script for a film when it promises to deal with serious and heavy themes.
Believe me I was shocked, aghast, disgusted to be watching such bizarre, mindless activities day in and day out.
Recently I happened to read a remarkable post The Potential Dangers Of Phallus-Worshipping A Toddler on this forum itself. The ideas and practices described therein were revolting to say the least.
But would you believe that I had a sense of deja vu after reading it? I was once upon a time a mute witness to certain similar (yet not so similar) activities. Read on to find out.
It was sheer misfortune that I got married into an ultra orthodox house where ‘men’ were premium while women were no better than pair ki juttis/doormats. | <urn:uuid:32aa989a-d161-4f7b-9ca4-40eea86018de> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.womensweb.in/articles/women-cardiovascular-diseases/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.962022 | 1,715 | 2.8125 | 3 |
Dr. Ahjoku Amadi-Obi, Nigerian doctor introduced a mobile app named “HUDIBIA” to provide health care solutions to people all over the world.
This app helps the people to connect with registered medical practitioners all over the world, resulting in increasing access to health care. With this, physicians and patients can communicate with each other in local languages of Nigeria and also in English, Arabic and French.
It will deliver cost-effective and high quality health care solutions to people across the world as it uses several emerging technologies.
Users can pay their medical bills, monitor the health of their family and friends and can also seek professional clarifications regarding any health issue with the help of disease alert function in the pipeline.
This app is available on Android and iOS. | <urn:uuid:2a7acc40-793c-414b-b0b5-d1d71a79c52b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.redbytes.in/now-getting-cost-effective-health-care-becomes-easy-with-mobile-app/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00264.warc.gz | en | 0.950495 | 165 | 1.867188 | 2 |
Growing nations need industry, and industry needs employees. To give industry the employees it needs to make the nation grow, citizens must be trained to fulfill these positions. In Costa Rica this means the government is making efforts to educate and create jobs in the information and communication technology (ICT) field, while in Colombia it means that the government has strengthened programs that allow people to formalize their own independent work and create their own businesses.
The goal is to create decent employment for people: work that is meaningful to them, that they do willingly and that is fairly renumerated. And so agreements are signed, companies brought in or created and educational programs put in place so that someone wanting to embark on a career path that leads to one of these government sponsored jobs is able to do so and is actually able to find a job after finishing their one or two-year course. In this they will find themselves at a distinct advantage compared to many college educated young people. Many university graduates from state-run universities are unable to find work in their chosen field after more than four years of study, as is the case with those who study the arts.
I spoke to the Costa Rican representative for the Work Table on Decent Work in Central America about this issue for an article I wrote for The Global Press Institute on artists starting up their own businesses in Costa Rica. Our conversation sparked a question that has been running through my mind ever since: does it make sense to study the arts in the developing world? Why are state universities grooming people for careers when they know there is not enough work for them? If a person chooses to study art – which is an area the goverment has decided not to focus on – are they giving up their right to decent employment?
Once they graduate, artists are hard-pressed to find work, much less decent work. Many are “forced” into starting their own businesses so that they can be hired as “consultants” or as seasonal employees with no benefits or contracts. Others have to work in a completely different field where jobs are available. Some decide to study a second career that will pay the bills. Many others move to a different country to pursue their dreams far away, finding opportunities there that were unavailable back home. It seems that the stigma surrounding artists is still as strong as ever. I sometimes get the feeling that by choosing to study for a career in arts, we are viewed as having “wasted our money” and that we sort of deserve to be out of work. The arts are considered as superfluous for development, some quaint conceit that modern day dilettantes chose to avoid “hard work”.
But as artists we do need to make a living. A couple of my classmates from college now teach in the same university where we studied, but not in full time jobs. Most of them have looked to work in different latitudes or different fields. Migration is an option for the artists who refuse to give up their dreams: some of them leave the country to study overseas, others to try and find work in a larger market. Colombia’s famous musicians such as Shakira or Juanes had to leave the country to make it big in the international market. But many of us realized that getting a job that pays us regularly and includes benefits is quite an unlikely prospect so we started working in different areas to pay our bills: call centers, teaching English, tourism. For my first few years after college, I worked in all three. But this can change. As artists, we can bring added value to the programs the government is initiating to get more people involved in the job market, and if the government allows us, that would also mean employment for us too.
Over the past few years, different parts of the world have seen an increase in the numbers of people studying criminology and forensic sciences in what has been called The CSI Effect, where a police procedure TV show called CSI put forensic sciences on the map for many people previously unaware of that part of the justice system.
A similar direction could be taken by the government to attract the population’s attention to a particular career path. A multi-lateral approach, where mass media outlets, artists, business owners and government could produce movies, TV series, artwork or music that brings to people’s attention the possibilities of a particular career path. Actors in TV series, radio shows, web shows and theater can bring careers and professions to life that otherwise would be overlooked and prompt youth to head in that direction.
Health and nutrition are also a cornerstone for the development of citizens who can compete in the job market: after all, well fed children do better in school and in life. Artists could work with nutritionists and schools to create programs and activities that promote healthy lifestyles through play, theater, art and music.
And through plays and art programs, we could also work with students and young people to develop their hopes and dreams, to set goals and work towards reaching them. In Colombia, music, art, the hip-hop culture, graffiti and other urban art forms are being used by the Medellin government to get youth involved in positive and peace-building activities, keeping them away from drugs, gangs and violence.
Artists can play an important role in the job market of developing nations, and if governments help art programs, they may well end up helping themselves. | <urn:uuid:42910f7e-4e4c-430d-bd94-992ecba6a676> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.futurechallenges.org/local/the-arts-in-the-developing-world-job-market/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.977951 | 1,097 | 2 | 2 |
Ocean plastic is drawing huge amounts of international attention. We have all been told about the huge floating islands of plastics the size of countries. Here is one example –
“…the Great Pacific Garbage Patch in the North Pacific Ocean is less like a patch and more like a massive swirling vortex more than three times the size of Spain and more than twice the size of Turkey or Texas.”
This conjures up a powerful image and rallies the public to action. I was therefore surprised to read what the National Ocean Service (NOAA) had to say.
“A lot of people hear the word patch and they immediately think of almost like a blanket of trash that can easily be scooped up, but actually these areas are always moving and changing with the currents, and it’s mostly these tiny plastics that you can’t immediately see with the naked eye.” – Diana Parker NOAA
So, apparently, there are no floating islands, instead, there are areas that contain tiny pieces of plastic. Dianna Parker was then asked about the “plastic soup” and this is what she had to say:
“These are tiny plastics that you might not even see if you sailed through the middle of the garbage patch, they’re so small and mixed throughout the water column.”
You may have seen people claiming that we can use ships to scoop up the marine pollution but that does not work. The debris is far too dilute and it would mean sailing hundreds of ships which burn diesel while belching out smoke and carbon dioxide. Such efforts cause more harm than good and are ineffective anyway.
“We did some quick calculations that if you tried to clean up less than one percent of the North Pacific Ocean it would take 67 ships one year to clean up that portion. And the bottom line is that until we prevent debris from entering the ocean at the source, it’s just going to keep congregating in these areas. We could go out and clean it all up and then still have the same problem on our hands as long as there’s debris entering the ocean.”
Dianna Parker NOAA
How much would it cost to attempt a clean-up using ships? Here are some calculations I found online.
“Suppose we were to attempt to clean up less than 1% of the North Pacific Ocean (a 3-degree swath between 30° and 35°N and 150° to 180°W), which would be approximately 1,000,000 km2. Assume we hired a boat with an 18 ft (5.5 m) beam and surveyed the area within 100 m off of each side of the ship. If the ship traveled at 11 knots (20 km/hour), and surveyed during daylight hours (approximately 10 hours a day), it would take 67 ships one year to cover that area! At a cost of $5,000-20,000/day, it would cost between $122M and $489M for the year. That’s a lot of money—and that’s only for boat time. It doesn’t include equipment or labor costs (keep in mind that not all debris items can be scooped up with a net).”
Carey Morishige, Pacific Islands Regional Coordinator, NOAA Marine Debris Program
That was news to me. She is saying that there is so little plastic in the so-called patches that you can’t even tell they are there. So I went looking for peer-reviewed scientific studies to find out just how much plastic there really is. I found a study giving an overview of several studies covering all the patches. It turns out that scientists have been studying these areas for decades and millions of measurements have been made. What do the scientists report about the concentration of plastic fragments? The scientists show that the average amount of plastic in the oceans overall is around 10g per square kilometer. That’s about 1 ounce of plastic per square mile of ocean. I was surprised at how little that was.
Clearly, we don’t want litter of any kind in our oceans but the amount seemed remarkably low compared to what I expected from media coverage. The data showed that there is far more plastic in the patches, but how much more? Looking at all the studies, the worst areas contain 500g of plastic per square kilometer of ocean on average and at most around 1000g per square kilometer. That’s about 2-4lb per square mile of ocean. It’s hard to imagine a square kilometer, so let’s pick an area we can relate to. An Olympic swimming pool measures 50m x 25m which is 0.00125 square kilometers in surface area. That means that if we were to drop a 5g plastic die from a board game into an Olympic pool, that would be more plastic than we find in the same amount of ocean.
Let me say that again – the worst areas of ocean “patches” contain less plastic than 5g per Olympic pool of water
The ocean patches are often referred to as a plastic soup. If it is a soup, then it’s the weakest soup I’ve ever heard of. If you were to pour a bathtub of this “soup” it would not contain one single piece of plastic. That’s not a soup, that’s just water! On average they found just 1 piece of plastic per 130 bathtubs of water and at most 1 small plastic fragment per 3 bathtubs of water.
Let us hear what the scientists had to say when reviewing the actual data from their measurements:
“The discovery of large-scale accumulations of marine debris has attracted worldwide attention in the media, which often refer to these areas as “great garbage patches”. However, these marine plastic accumulations are inaccurately illustrated in some media reports.”
Source: Cózar A, Sanz-Martín M, Martí E, González-Gordillo JI, Ubeda B, Gálvez JÁ, et al.
(2015) Plastic Accumulation in the Mediterranean Sea. PLoS ONE 10(4): e0121762. doi:10.1371/ journal.pone.0121762
The scientists are politely saying that we’ve been lied to
A new study says that the amount of plastic entering the oceans has been massively overestimated:
“…a number of research institutions in France and the University of Barcelona in Spain demonstrate that current river flux assessments are overestimated by two to three orders of magnitude from previous estimates”.
They are saying that the amount of plastic entering the oceans was overestimated by between 100 and 1000 times!
In fact, there is a PhD thesis by Kim De Wolff that tells the story of how the myth of floating islands of plastic was born and how reputable publications have repeated the lie without checking the facts. Quote:
“Spelled out in bold font with the science section authority of no less than the New York Times, the November 9th, 2009 headline seems irrefutable: “Afloat in the Ocean, Expanding Islands of Trash.” That journalist Lindsey Hoshaw has just returned from an expedition through the garbage patch in the North Pacific makes the trash island report all the more real. And the New York Times claims are in good company. Time Magazine describes a “swirling mass of plastic debris twice the size of Texas,” human impact on the ocean so severe “You can literally see the result” (Walsh 2008) The garbage patch is crowned “The World’s Largest Landfill” by Discover amidst calls to recognize it as “the 8th continent” (Kostigen 2008). Visible. Solid. Massive. The collective account does not shy from specifics. As reported by ABC News, the San Francisco Chronicle, and even Oprah, among countless others, the garbage patch spans hundreds of miles, is one hundred meters deep, and weighs 3.5 million tons (Berton 2007; Bonfils 2008). It is, following the most recited descriptor, twice the size of Texas. Or, in all its regional variations, “as large as Central Europe” (Pravda 2004), with a “footprint as large as France and Spain combined” (WHIM 2014), even “twice the size of America” (Daily Mail 2008). This floating mass growing in the North Pacific Ocean, northeast of the Hawaiian Islands is surely impossible to miss. But despite general agreement on its location and the proliferation of claims about its size, no one can find it; not on Google Earth, not after weeks at sea. The trash island is not there.”
We are also told that the ocean plastic is accumulating at an ever increasing pace. Is that true? Scientists have been tracking the trends for several decades. This is what they have to say:
“A study of plastic microdebris in waters from the British Isles to Iceland (5) revealed a statistically significant increase in plastic abundance from the 1960s and 1970s to the 1980s and 1990s. However, similar to this study, no significant increase was observed between the later decades despite a large increase in plastic production and disposal.”
So, contrary to what we have been told, there is no upward trend – the evidence exposes yet another lie
Note that these scientists are not alone. Other studies show the same amount of plastic in the gyres. I would agree that we should take care of our oceans but we should start with facts so that we can make wise decisions. It seems to me that certain groups, claiming to be environmentalists, are more interested into scaring us into opening our wallets than they are in protecting the environment.
If we are to really protect the planet for future generations, then we need to check the science and focus on the topics that make most difference. I spent some time checking to see what pollution there is in our oceans and was dismayed to find that millions of tons of munitions were dumped there including chemical weapons and nerve gas. Why is no-one talking about that? Perhaps the fake environmentalists don’t feel there’s money to be made from it.
If you want to be a force for good, then please spend time to check the evidence before you act because that is the only path to progress. Recently, I read about 500 scientific articles about plastic waste, litter, ocean gyres, microplastics and more, so that we can start making wise decisions. That resulted in The Plastics Paradox: Facts for a Brighter Future. | <urn:uuid:5f86022b-d2ae-44bb-aaaa-4741da633b75> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://plasticsparadox.com/oceans/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573908.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820043108-20220820073108-00264.warc.gz | en | 0.957942 | 2,269 | 3.046875 | 3 |
The elite athlete has a potentially increased sensitivity to respiratory infections, rendering protective measures particularly important. Some other infections that may appear in clusters in the sports setting, such as gastroenteritis, leptospirosis, herpes simplex and viral hepatitis, also require special precautionary attention. Strenuous exercise during ongoing infection and fever may be hazardous and should always be avoided. In addition, early symptoms of infection warrant caution until the nature and severity of the infection become apparent. Because myocarditis may or may not be accompanied by fever, malaise or catarrhal symptoms, athletes should be informed about the symptoms suggestive of this disease. Although sudden unexpected death resulting from myocarditis is rare, exercise should be avoided whenever myocarditis is suspected. Guidelines are suggested for the management and counselling of athletes suffering from infections, including recommendations on when to resume training. Acute febrile infections are associated with decreased performance resulting from muscle wasting, circulatory deregulation and impaired motor coordination, which require variable amounts of time to become normalized once the infection is over. | <urn:uuid:b1ea494e-e6d2-4b74-a564-04e2523e47d1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11050534/?dopt=Abstract | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.929078 | 214 | 2.921875 | 3 |
For fifteen years, Baylor University's Mayborn Museum Complex has fostered opportunities for life-long learning in the community. The museum annually offers a range of events and exhibits that expose guests of all ages to new worlds. We strive to inspire and possibly lead others to ground-breaking careers in natural science and cultural history.
This Giving Day, we are asking for your support as we work to make the museum even better.
The Mayborn Museum hosts traveling exhibits on a variety of topics two to three times per year. These exhibits are valuable to museum members who are frequent visitors as well as bringing community and regional attention to the Mayborn. The museum has hosted exhibits that are nationally recognized and may be the one or one of a few stops in Texas. Past exhibits include Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Secrets of the Sewer, Titanic: The Artifact Exhibition, Very Eric Carle, and The Wizard of Oz Educational Exhibit. The Museum is seeking endowment support to provide sustained, enduring funding to secure such noteworthy exhibits from year to year.
Founding to Future: Bright Lights of Baylor University
Older than the state of Texas, Baylor provides a vibrant campus community for more than 16,000 students by blending interdisciplinary research with an international reputation for educational excellence and a faculty commitment to teaching and scholarship. Experience the essence of Baylor’s origins, traditions, and mission through an interactive timeline, collegial photo-ops, and iconic university artifacts. From founding to future, the exhibition will illuminate the past, present, and future bright lights of Baylor University. Continue to support this new permanent museum that showcases the University to the community and beyond.
Jeanes Discovery Center
Themed Discovery Rooms occupy two floors of one wing of the museum complex. Providing visitors with hands-on activities, these rooms are designed to invigorate young imaginations. Children and families can discover the hidden colors within light, to play a tune on the walk-on piano, and to walk beside dinosaurs in the Jurassic.
The museum has completed renovations to this wing in 2016 with the introduction of Play Waco and the new Light and Sound exhibit. An additional upgrade was accomplished in the fall of 2019 when the museum opened the Backyard Ecology Hall. The new gallery includes live animals that tell a story about local ecology and traditional museum collection objects while also providing ample creative play experiences for children and families. Visitors can compare their strength to a boa constrictor, learn about the Brazos River through an interactive water table, and experience life as a bee by climbing into a honeycomb.
The museum is seeking contributions to an endowed fund that supports continued growth and improvements for this popular wing. | <urn:uuid:d3a4af04-4439-4413-854e-f542662eb4c6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://baylor.scalefunder.com/gday/giving-day/22911/department/23019 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.947066 | 546 | 1.921875 | 2 |
Turkish Prime Minister Ahmet Davutoglu on Tuesday condemned an attack on the rebel-held Syrian city of Idlib, believed to have been carried out by Russian jets, and said Syria will not be part of “Russian imperialist goals”.
Relations between Ankara and Moscow are already at their worst in recent memory after Turkey shot down a Russian warplane over Syria last month.
This weekend’s air strikes killed scores of people in the center of Idlib in northwest Syria on Sunday, rescue workers and residents said.
Turkey, which has long called for the ousting of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad and supports the rebels who have been fighting against him for four years, has been highly critical of Russia’s role in the region. Moscow is a longtime ally of Assad.
“Syrian lands are not, and will not be, a part of Russia’s imperialist goals,” Davutoglu told members of his ruling AK Party in parliament.
Russia began a major campaign of air strikes on Sept. 30 in support of Assad, whose forces have suffered setbacks this year including the loss of Idlib province and other areas of crucial strategic importance.
Davutoglu also said that talks on restoring ties with Israel were continuing and Ankara was insisting on its demands for compensation and for “lifting restrictions” on Gaza, which is subject to an Israeli blockade.
Israel’s once-strong ties to Turkey soured in 2010 when Israeli commandoes killed 10 Turkish activists when they stormed a ship in a convoy seeking to break an Israeli naval blockade of the Palestinian territory of Gaza. Reuters | <urn:uuid:d037b60e-375a-4a01-a59c-1154f4d5e1fe> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.vocfm.co.za/davutoglu-condemns-russia-for-strikes-on-idlib/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.972693 | 326 | 1.523438 | 2 |
Virus Victims: Cryptolocker Ransomware
What is a Cryptolocker Ransomware Virus?
There has been a virus attack which took place and was a Crypto Locker virus. A Cryptolocker virus is a Trojan horse which misleads users and disguises its true intent. This Trojan horse will infect your computer and encrypt your files and are locked. There are only two keys, one is a public key which is used by the hackers to encrypt your data and the other is a private key. The private key is used to decrypt the files and this is the key that is used as a ransom since the victim is told they need to pay a certain amount to get the private key to restore their data otherwise the hackers will destroy the victim’s data.
Common Methods of Infection
Traditionally the most common method is through downloading attachments from emails that are disguised as familiar file type such as *.doc but have an *.exe extension which is hidden. Once this has been downloaded, it opens and activates the virus but your machine will appear to run normally until all files have been encrypted. One other way is through download prompts on websites for plug-ins which operate in the same way the aforementioned does. The Trojan horse cannot replicate itself which is why the methods mentioned are all downloads.
Who Were Affected?
Reported in the news, the ransomware attack has hit many different companies including the Irish NHS. We were hit with the same virus on May 14th, the virus targeted our exchange servers but thanks to our practices in place for passwords and internet shutdowns, only a minor number of servers were hit. We quickly rolled back to snapshots of the affected servers so only a very small number of emails were lost on the Friday night. After an extensive check of all our servers in our VM environment, no other servers were corrupted and all systems were operational by midnight on Friday 14th May. However, companies such as Pipeline in the USA and the Irish NHS are still without services.
Given the frequency of virus attacks lately, we are offering a free cyber security check to ensure your network is safe and secure. Click here to find out more. | <urn:uuid:bc303319-75b5-43d8-93c5-39e75e7c7307> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.advanceditservices.co.uk/virus-victims-cryptolocker-ransomware/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.976015 | 439 | 1.898438 | 2 |
Technology Reports of Kansai University (ISSN: 04532198) is a monthly peer-reviewed and open-access international Journal. It was first built in 1959 and officially in 1975 till now by kansai university, japan. The journal covers all sort of engineering topic, mathematics and physics. Technology Reports of Kansai University (TRKU) was closed access journal until 2017. After that TRKU became open access journal. TRKU is a scopus indexed journal and directly run by faculty of engineering, kansai university.
Technology Reports of Kansai University (ISSN: 04532198) is a peer-reviewed journal. The journal covers all sort of engineering topic as well as mathematics and physics. the journal's scopes are
in the following fields but not limited to:
Zhonghua er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Chinese journal of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery
Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen that cause serious illness in vulnerable individuals such as infant, pregnant woman, elderly and immunocompromised patient. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of L. monocytogenes in chicken offal samples between wet market and supermarket. A total of 498 chicken offal samples (chicken gizzard=154, heart=131, Intestines=70, liver=143) from wet markets and supermarkets in Klang Valley, Malaysia were examined using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay and conventional plating method. Both PCR assay and plating method are equally reliable in detecting the presence of L. monocytogenes in chicken offal. The prevalence of Listeria spp. and L. monocytogenes from total samples was 7.63% and 5.62%, respectively. L. monocytogenes in chicken offal was found gizzard, liver, and heart at 3.21%, 2.00%, and 0.40%, respectively. L. monocytogenes contamination in samples from supermarkets was significantly higher than those in wet markets which might due to the pathogen psychrophilic characteristic. It can be concluded that multiplex PCR assay is a reliable method to detect L. monocytogenes in chicken offal and chilled chicken offal was at a higher risk of contamination
What is Six Sigma and how is its implementation? The studies on Six Sigma have been developing in recent decades, but the discussions on the topic are fragmented and thus challenging to understand comprehensively. This study aims at answering what Six Sigma is and how it is implemented in both manufacturing and non-manufacturing industries. To do this, we conduct a literature review on journal articles published from 2000 to 2017. Six Sigma has beena commonly used method among companies around the world for increasing product quality and operating profit. It is not only used in the manufacturing industry but also in non-manufacturing industries. The finding shows that Six Sigma is a method used to minimize the number of defect products and increase customer satisfaction as well as profit. In its development, Six Sigma is also used as a statistical tool, a managerial philosophy, and a business culture. Although it can be seen from various perspectives, the core of Six Sigma lies in its method, which is based on the scientific approach for developing efficiency and increasing operating profit. In general, the studies on Six Sigma have begun increasing since 2004. In the manufacturing sector, studies on Six Sigma are prevalent in automotive, electronic, and SME sectors and in the non-manufacturing sector, studies are common in the health and educational sectors | <urn:uuid:f705e037-be17-43fe-8758-ca889918437e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.kansaiuniversityreports.com/?page=159 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.94572 | 757 | 1.929688 | 2 |
Let’s discuss the question: how to train a carolina dog. We summarize all relevant answers in section Q&A of website Activegaliano.org in category: Blog Marketing. See more related questions in the comments below.
Can a Carolina Dog be trained?
About This Breed
These dogs are also very suspicious, that is why you need to be very careful when planning to have a Carolina dog training course. Being a watch and hunting dog, the techniques that need to be taught are pretty important, all these being consisted of a special Carolina dog training course.
Are Carolina dogs skittish?
Carolina Dogs tend to be somewhat shy and suspicious, possibly because they haven’t been overly bred for domestication. This makes them skilled guard dogs. But their natural characteristics have also programmed them for loyal companionship.
Carolina Dog – Top 10 Facts
Images related to the topicCarolina Dog – Top 10 Facts
Do Carolina dogs make good pets?
With proper training and socialization the Carolina Dog can make a wonderful family pet. These rare canines are loyal to a fault, energetic, and independent and will thrive with an active, outdoorsy owner by their side.
What is the personality of a Carolina Dog?
How much exercise does a Carolina dog need?
The Carolina Dog should get at least 60 minutes of exercise per day to help keep them fit.
How much do Carolina dogs cost?
Usually, you can expect these dogs to cost somewhere between $800-$2,000. The cost depends largely on the quality of care that the dogs are given, as well as the command.
Do Carolina dogs have floppy ears?
When alert, the ears are always straight up, however, they can be folded back along the head, especially when running. Eyes are almond-shaped, round, and have black rims around them.
Carolina Dog 1st intro to Head Halter Training | Las Vegas Dog Training
Images related to the topicCarolina Dog 1st intro to Head Halter Training | Las Vegas Dog Training
Are Carolina dogs hypoallergenic?
This breed is not hypoallergenic on any level. The dense undercoat sheds profusely, making it terrible for allergies. The Carolina Dog is one of the more rare dog breeds.
Are Carolina dogs loyal?
As a pack dog, Carolina dogs are loyal and social animals. But they can be suspicious and shy around strangers at first.
What is the life expectancy of a Carolina dog?
Carolina Dogs are healthy and could live up to 15 years.
Are Carolina dogs dingos?
The Carolina dog, also known as a yellow dog, yaller dog, American Dingo, or Dixie Dingo, is a breed of medium-sized dog occasionally found feral in Southeastern United States, especially in isolated stretches of longleaf pines and cypress swamps.
Do Carolina dogs have dewclaws?
The thighs are thick, strong and well muscled, almost as in a well-conditioned racing sighthound. Rear dewclaws may be present.
Do dingos make good pets?
Dingoes can make loving and loyal companions if cared for in the right way. However, it is common for people to underestimate what it takes to properly care for a pet dingo. It is more time consuming, expensive and harder than caring for a dog. Because of this, many owners end up surrendering their dingoes.
Carolina Dog \”Dolly\” l Best Dog Trainer Tampa Bay l Before \u0026 After Transformation
Images related to the topicCarolina Dog \”Dolly\” l Best Dog Trainer Tampa Bay l Before \u0026 After Transformation
Does Carolina dog show up on DNA test?
Unfortunately, there is no genetic testing that proves whether a dog is a Carolina.
Do Carolina dogs have pink noses?
Nose: The nose is well pigmented and black, black noses that fade to pink are permissible. The nostrils are well opened. Neck: Moderate length allows for good head carriage.
- how to command train a dog
- how to train dogs to avoid cars
- are carolina dogs hard to train
- dog train tips
Information related to the topic how to train a carolina dog
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You have just come across an article on the topic how to train a carolina dog. If you found this article useful, please share it. Thank you very much. | <urn:uuid:132be7fe-0916-4ce6-8966-8387f358f6fe> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://activegaliano.org/how-to-train-a-carolina-dog-new-update/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573908.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820043108-20220820073108-00264.warc.gz | en | 0.926784 | 957 | 1.75 | 2 |
This Exercise Can Be Performed At Home
Breathe in through your nose when your arms are in the downward position and slowly release the air through your mouth as you raise your arms. You should have expelled all the air out when your arms are fully extended. Breathe in through your nose as you slowly lower your arms.
Benefits: Bigger and Firmer Triceps – Outer Triceps Reps: One Minute (Cardiomuscular™ system).
- Stand with your feet shoulder width apart, knees slightly bent.
- Hold a towel or rope over your head with one hand at each end. You now have your hands in a “hammer grip” position.
- Raise the towel above your head until your arms are perpendicular with the floor.
- Have a partner apply constant resistance as you perform this exercise.
- Keeping your elbows completely steady in that position, bend your forearms backwards behind your head till your forearms touch your biceps. Squeeze.
- Raise your forearms back to the starting positions and squeeze your triceps.
- Do not arch your back or elevate your shoulders while performing this exercise.
This exercise requires a second person to assist you to keep resistance on your triceps muscles. If partners are difficult to find these days, use a Resistance Band securely attached to the bottom of a door.
Possible Damage From Incorrect Lifting: Damage to the rotator cuff,elbow pain, neck pain and ligament and tendon damage.
One exercise from from the fitness programs by Smartness Health
©Copyright – Hector Sectzer | <urn:uuid:a3fff9b6-12f5-4257-bbab-13fdecf046ec> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.smartnesshealth.com/fitness/training/standing-towel-triceps-extension/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.888833 | 325 | 1.609375 | 2 |
Debt and mental health issues are closely linked. In this article, we explore those links, suggest some simple tools to help you control debt more easily, and offer advice on where to go if your debt becomes unmanageable.
According to Mind, the mental health charity, 1 in 4 of us will experience a mental health problem at some stage in our lives. 1 in 6 people say they regularly experience a mental health issue.
What do we mean by mental health and mental health problems?
We realise there’s an enormous sensitivity surrounding mental health and the way we talk and write about it. For the purposes of this article, we talk about mental health and mental health problems as a ‘catch all’ description for a hugely varied collection of more than 200 diagnosed conditions which can include depression, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
We know not everyone appreciates general terms such as ‘mental health problems’ but we have been guided by Time To Change’s advice on the topic in using terms generally viewed as most acceptable.
Mental health and mental capacity
For the purposes of this guide, we’re drawing a distinction between mental health issues and mental capacity. ‘Mental health issues’ describes those thoughts, illnesses or traits that someone may possess which may make it harder for them to manage money or cope with debt.
This is different from someone who lacks mental capacity – which describes someone with, for example, dementia, who may not be able to understand their debt issues or make decisions about it. We’ll cover mental capacity and debt in a separate article.
The link between debt and mental health
In a survey of 5,500 people by Money and Mental Health, 46% of people who have problem debt also have a mental health problem. 86% of respondents said “their financial situation had made their mental health problems worse.”
Yet the issue is not simply one way. Problem debt may lead to mental health issues, but it’s also possible that mental health issues can lead to problem debt.
According to the Money and Mental Health survey, almost one in five (18%) people with mental health problems are in problem debt. If you have a mental health condition, you are 3.5 times more likely to be struggling with problem debt than someone without a mental health condition. And 72% of survey respondents said their mental health problems had made their finances worse.
How debt can affect mental health
A 2010 study by the Royal College of Psychiatrists, as noted in mentalhealth.org, also found a clear link between problem debt and mental ill-health, with 50% of adults in debt saying they had mental health issues.
Those issues ranged from non-diagnosed issues such as embarrassment or guilt, to diagnosable conditions such as stress, anxiety and depression. Whilst suicide often involves a complex cocktail of factors and debt is rarely the only factor, the two are clearly linked.
Debt can affect your mental health in a number of ways, including:
- Sleep: It’s easy to find yourself in a vicious cycle of debt which can affect your ability to get a good night’s sleep. This in turn can affect your energy levels the following day, making it harder to concentrate. If left unchecked, a prolonged lack of sleep can affect your family and career, and compound your debt problems.
- Isolation: There’s no single, common point at which debt becomes the sort of problem debt that can affect your mental health. It’s different for everyone. For some, the debt becomes a problem when there’s no money left for social spending. For others, the problem becomes most acute when there’s no money for rent or heating. But with all of these, the effect on the individual is often very similar – a feeling of isolation; that you don’t want to trouble anyone or that there’s no one you can turn to. This isolation can make mental health issues worse.
- Pressure: If you’re facing debt problems, it’s unlikely your creditors will be leaving you in peace. Even the most considerately worded demand letters can cause additional stress. When debt collection agencies are insensitive or aggressive, that pressure can become unbearable.
- Self-worth: Unmanageable debt stops you being able to pay for the things you once did – from school trips and Christmas presents to clothes and food. That can have a damaging effect on a person’s self-worth, making them feel as though they have ‘failed’.
How does mental health affect your finances?
Income: According to Money and Mental Health, if you have mental health issues, you are less likely to be in any form of paid employment, and if you are in employment, it is likely to be low paid, high turnover, part time or temporary work.
74% of the general working population are in work. That figure drops to 43% for people with mental health problems.
Expenditure: Mental health conditions can affect the decisions we make and the way we behave. That can apply to every facet of life, but it’s especially true of money, because managing money requires a level of control, detail and order that may be difficult to maintain when you’re also managing your mental health. The Money and Mental Health survey found:
- 93% of respondents spent more than usual when they were unwell
- 92% found it harder to make financial decisions
- 74% put off paying bills
- 56% took out a loan they would not have taken out if they didn’t have a mental health problem
To make matters worse, mental health problems can often make it harder to deal with the people and services who can help. In the survey, many people said they felt anxiety when considering talking to a bank. Phone calls were challenging. And it can be difficult to muster the confidence and energy to hold essential conversations, which is why financial problems are left to grow worse.
This can be a particular challenge if you are bipolar or suffer from conditions including depression of OCD.
Managing debt if you are bipolar
Bipolar disorder is commonly a factor in problem debt, because the nature of the condition (bouts of depression and mania) means sufferers will experience sporadic periods when they act impulsively – and sometimes those impulsive actions can include spending money they don’t have. The same can be true for people with depression or OCD.
There are, however, ways you can help control the damage you can cause during manic bouts, and fix things afterwards:
- Most goods that you buy online are governed by the Consumer Contracts Regulations. The regulations give you 14 days to change your mind and return anything you don’t want. So if you have bought something and regret it later, don’t open it when it arrives, just send it back. You can find more about your consumer rights here: www.moneysavingexpert.com/consumerrights
- Ask your credit card company to lower your limits, or give some/all of your cards to a trusted relative or friend who can hold them for you until you really need them
- If gambling is a problem, you can exclude yourself from online sites, high street betting shops, and casinos. None are fool proof and not every operator is yet in the scheme, but they can help put barriers in place that make it harder to run up debt.
- Closely monitor your bank account to ensure you don’t run up overdraft (and worse, unauthorised overdraft) charges
- Join bipolarscotland.org.uk/membership, which includes access to self-help groups and discounts
Get help with your mental health
For expert support with your mental health – and not just for financial matters – contact any of the following:
See If you qualify to write off your debts
You may qualify to write off a percentage of your debts through a debt scheme such as a Trust Deed in Scotland or an IVA (If you live in England, Ireland or Wales). Use our free debt calculator here to see if you qualify.
3 things you can do right now to help reduce your debt
Not all debt is bad debt. But debt that gets out control is a problem – and it could help fuel a mental health issue. It’s not always easy to spot the signs in advance, but if you can see a debt problem growing it will always be easier to tackle it now than later.
The first challenge, then, is recognising that you have a debt problem. Here are some tell-tale signs:
- You feel anxious ahead of each now credit card bill
- You worry about how you will make repayments
- You find yourself shuffling money from one card to the next to make payments (‘robbing Peter to pay Paul’)
- You ignore or avoid demand letters and calls from creditors
- You are starting to miss payments – or you are regularly missing them
To start fighting back against your debt, here are three things you can do right now:
Easier said than done, of course, but with careful budgeting and by being ruthless in cutting out any unnecessary spending, you may be able to prevent adding to the debt.
Here’s a simple one, but there are many more online.
Find a cheaper way to manage the debt you already have
The sooner you do this, the better. Once you start missing payments your credit rating will deteriorate and it will become much harder to access cheap borrowing. But if you act before then, you may find 0% credit card offers or a (relatively) low interest bank loan could enable you to consolidate debt at a much lower interest rate, and a much lower combined monthly payment, than you are currently paying.
Pay the biggest amounts off the most expensive debt
There’s a tendency for us all to spread the payments around when we owe money – perhaps paying an equal amount off all debts each month. Look again at the interest rates you’re paying on each debt. Some will be higher than others, so shift the payments accordingly, paying most off the debts that have the highest rates.
Get debt help
Because of the nature of mental health conditions, taking action before financial problems become critical is rare. But even when the debt collectors are calling and the problems seem at their worst, there’s always a solution.
A Trust Deed Scotland is just one of a range of debt management measures for people in Scotland that could reduce your monthly payments by an average of 60% and stop your creditors chasing you – for good.
92% of our customers rate us as ‘great’ or ‘excellent’ on Trustpilot. So if you’re managing mental health and problem debt, let us help with the money side of things. You may well find that, once we do, it helps alleviate other problems too.
To explore trust deeds and other debt management options, talk to us.
Trust Deed Example
Example Unsecured Debts
|2||Credit card 1||£6,812|
Your Monthly Repayments Would Be
a Scottish Trust Deed £748
(total contractual repayments)
a Scottish Trust Deed £295
(total contractual repayments)
* Subject to creditor acceptance
* Payment subject to individual circumstances
* Credit rating may be affected
* Fees apply, subject to individual's circumstances. For more information on our fees click here | <urn:uuid:faf06ed1-f67a-451a-bc83-8d8483ec8b67> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.scottishtrustdeed.co.uk/knowledge-hub/debt-mental-health-how-to-cope-when-debts-are-spiralling/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.950771 | 2,471 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Speaking at a conference in the Macedonian capital Skopje last week, Christos Pourgourides, chair of the Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights of the Parliamentary Assembly stressed the need for parliaments and national judges to take more account of the jurisprudence of the Court. He emphasized that they should even do so when the case law relates to other countries facing the same issue. To illustrate this problem, he used the case of Marckx v. Belgium of 1979. According to the press release, Pourgourides talked about that "ruling against Belgium in 1979 that children born out of wedlock should not face discrimination, pointing out that France changed its law only after the Court made a similar ruling against it in 2000: “Twenty years lost for the victims of such discrimination, and many years of unnecessary litigation!” " Pourgourides also called for increased dialogue between the Court and state parties, e.g. through more third party interventiions by states.
See the press release here, the speech itself here, and the background document here. | <urn:uuid:004a2c43-a275-4f27-ae59-832361ef8782> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.echrblog.com/2010/10/pace-rapporteur-calls-for-national.html?m=1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.942611 | 223 | 1.992188 | 2 |
Behavioral Health/Case Management
CMWC’s mental health services include a range of counseling, case management and education. Our behavioral health providers provide treatment in areas of depression, anxiety, substance abuse, parenting, anger management and mental health related issues.
Our behavioral health clinicians work with our primary care providers as a team promoting the needs of their patients. Behavioral health case management involves assessing the needs of a patient, implementing an individual tailored care plan and coordinating community resources to ensure the best possible outcomes.
- Crisis intervention counseling
- Group Activities
- Individual therapy (or Individual counseling)
- Psychiatric medication
- substance Abuse Recovery | <urn:uuid:16e7f5ea-7e44-4ab5-a92c-7cc4f6cab68e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.cmwcusa.org/program-services/mental-health-case-management/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.886478 | 134 | 1.6875 | 2 |
Ramayana is one of the major literary achievements to come out of India. It has influenced and inspired generations of Indians and even Non-Indians. There are many works that are written inspired by Ramayana and several art forms- folklores, dance forms, paintings and sculptures, depict portions from Ramayana. Seeing the epic from different viewpoints, different sensibilities, different regions and different perspectives, most of these depictions vary very much from each other. But the basic purpose of writing Ramayana was to answer a question. Is there a perfect man (Purushothama) who demonstrates all the good qualities humans can possess?
So Ramayana was essentially a moral story that tried to show us how to lead a good life. Through his ideal hero Rama, Valmiki was trying to instruct us on living as a perfect son, brother, husband and a king. But due to the many revisionist retellings, we tend to put this factor into background and focus instead on historical or social contexts (like in the recent alternative history of Hindus) of the epic. Through his book series Ramayana: The Game of Life, Shubh Vilas tries to retell the epic. He was kind enough to send me a review copy of the first book in the series, Rise of The Sun Prince which is based on Balakaanta of Valmiki Ramayana.
The book is written based on Valmiki Ramayana, though some portions have the influence of Kamba Ramayana in it. It starts by telling the back story of the origins of Rama, one of the ten incarnations of Lord Vishnu. The situations that lead Lord Vishnu to take up human form, as the son of Raghuvanshi King and ruler of Ayodhya, Dasharatha are detailed, main one being the rise of Ravana, the demon king as a threat for the world. The story ark follows the birth of Rama, after Puthra Kameshtti Yagna is conducted by King Dasharatha, the education and upbringing, his journey to the forest with Sage Viswamitra, the killing of demons Subahu and the lot and ultimately his marrying Sita after breaking the magical bow of Shiva.
The retelling, as far as I could gather with my limited knowledge, is faithful to the scripture. The writer has used a narrative style that is contemporary. This will definitely help the new generation readers in identifying with the story. Also the writer has made it a point to relate the morals in the millennia old story to the crises that a modern person encounters in his day to day life. This, I feel is the major appeal of the book.
Abundance of foot notes made me remember the texts of Ramayana and Githa that I used to see inmy childhood. These foot notes can be a bit distracting if your concentration is on the story line. But they can be of use if you want to take away some life lessons from it. Initially I had some doubts about the story telling abilities of the author. The parts about Ravana especially were a bit dull. But once Viswamithra enters the scene asking Dasaratha to send Rama with him into the jungle, I was hooked. From then onwards the tempo was raising geometrically. And what a character study was that of Viswamithra’s..! It was some great writing, there.
Rise of The Sun Prince, the first book of the series Ramayana, the Game of Life is a retelling of Ramayana told in a way that will entice the readers of today’s world. A careful reading of this book is definitely rewarding. | <urn:uuid:827e2771-a677-4467-a910-fa51f10df83c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://diaryofaragingbull.blogspot.com/2014/04/book-review-rise-of-sun-prince.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.972885 | 766 | 2.546875 | 3 |
Got half a container of buttermilk left after making pancakes, and not sure what to do with the leftovers?
If cooking another batch of pancakes isn’t on the menu, and you’re thinking about freezing the buttermilk, you’re in the right place.
Freezing is a simple way of preserving leftover buttermilk. But, and it’s an important but, this dairy product doesn’t freeze particularly well.
In short, after freezing and thawing buttermilk only works in cooked dishes (pancakes included). And you might need to adjust your recipes slightly to get the result you want.
Read the guide below to learn:
- how freezing affects buttermilk, including before and after photos
- how to freeze buttermilk (three ways)
- ways to defrost it
- what kind of recipes you should use frozen and thawed buttermilk in
- tips when cooking with defrosted buttermilk
Interested? Let’s get going.
Can You Freeze Buttermilk?
Yes, you can freeze buttermilk, but it comes at a cost.
Frozen and thawed buttermilk is separated, and works well only in cooked or baked dishes, such as pancakes or biscuits. Drinking it from the glass or using it in a dip such as Ranch dressing doesn’t really work.
Of course, technically you can use that defrosted buttermilk however you like. But I’m pretty sure you won’t like it in anything except cooked dishes that it’s only a part of.
I mean, here’s how just thawed buttermilk looks like:
Doesn’t look particularly appealing, doesn’t it?
Does Stirring Fix Separated Defrosted Buttermilk?
Okay, you might’ve read that giving that separated buttermilk a good stir will fix most of the issues. That’s not true.
Here’s what stirring the liquid actually does:
As you can tell, the stirring helps, but the liquid is nowhere near what it was before freezing. Here’s a comparison:
Where does that leave us?
Exactly at what I started this section with: frozen and thawed buttermilk works only in cooked dishes.
To use the buttermilk that I froze for the purposes of this article, I made pancakes. Here’s how the mixed pancake batter looks like:
Looks like your average pancake batter, doesn’t it?
And I can assure you, that the pancakes that I made with that batter were perfectly fine as well. You can see some photos of them sprinkled throughout the article.
How To Freeze Buttermilk
Below, I go through three methods of freezing this dairy product. They are quite similar, and all of them require only basic household items. I’m sure you already have everything you need to go with at least one of them.
Freezing Buttermilk in an Ice Cube Tray
This way is best if you don’t already know how you’re going to use the buttermilk and how much you’re going to need. Having it in ice cube form, you can easily adjust how much you thaw.
If you don’t want to decide right now if you’re going to make pancakes, biscuits, mashed potatoes, or add it to a soup, this is your best option. All you need is an ice cube tray, and a freezer bag or container. Here’s how to do it:
- Pour the buttermilk into the ice cube tray.
- Put the tray into the freezer. Leave it there until the whole thing freezes solid. That usually takes around 3 to 6 hours, depending on the temperature in your freezer and the size of the cubes.
- Transfer the frozen cubes into a freezer bag or container. Most of us don’t have an unlimited number of ice cube trays, so freeing the tray for other uses makes perfect sense.
- Chuck the bag or container back into the freezer. Add a label with name and date if you like.
That’s it; the cubes are ready to sit in the freezer for the long term.
If you find the ice cubes a bit too small, consider using a muffin tin instead.
Freezing Buttermilk in a Container
This method is perfect if you know how you’re going to use the thawed buttermilk. This way, you can freeze precisely how much you need for a recipe, and you don’t have to worry about any leftovers.
Grab your measuring cup, an airtight container, and let’s do it.
- Measure for a recipe. As noted, it’s best to freeze in a single container exactly as much as you need for a recipe. But of course, you can freeze however much you like, just remember you will have to deal with the leftovers.
- Pour the buttermilk into the container. Make sure to leave some head-space because the liquid expands when frozen.
- Stick the container into the freezer.
And that’s a wrap – three easy steps you can do in about 3 minutes. And that’s how it looks like after 6 to 8 hours of freezing:
Freezing Buttermilk in Freezer Bags
This option if for you if your freezer is crowded and you want to be as space-efficient as possible. I don’t use this method, but quite a few people swear by it, so you might try it out.
Besides the bags taking little space in the freezer, defrosting the dairy product is also quite fast. If you tend to forget to defrost things ahead of time, this might be a lifesaver for you.
Grab your freezer bags, a bowl, a baking sheet, and let’s get it done.
- Portion the buttermilk into freezer bags. Like with freezing in a container, it’s best to freeze in a single bag exactly as much as you need for a dish. Before pouring, put the freezer bag in a bowl. This way, in case the bag is leaky, you won’t have to clean up half of your kitchen. After pouring, squeeze out the air and seal the bag tightly. Once again, check if it’s leak-proof. Add a label with the name and volume if you like.
- Lay the bags flat on a baking sheet. This way, the milk product freezes flat, and you will be able to stack the bags or fit them into tight spaces in the freezer.
- Freeze the buttermilk. Stick the baking sheet into the freezer for 3 to 5 hours, until the liquid freezes solid.
- Remove the baking sheet from the freezer. Once the buttermilk freezes, the baking sheet is no longer needed. Feel free to reorganize the “sheets” of frozen buttermilk if needed.
That’s it. The buttermilk is frozen and waiting until you’re ready to use it. This way also works great for freezing kefir.
How Long Can You Freeze Buttermilk?
There’s no right answer to this question. Some people suggest you shouldn’t keep it frozen for longer than like 2 or 3 months, but I don’t think that’s accurate.
Of course, the quality of food gradually drops when frozen, but the process is extremely slow, and another week or month in the freezer usually doesn’t make that much of a difference.
Long story short, try to use the frozen buttermilk as soon as possible, but remember that keeping it in the freezer for more than a couple of months shouldn’t be a problem either.
Now that we’ve covered methods of freezing, let’s talk about defrosting buttermilk and getting it ready for the dish you’re prepping.
How To Defrost Frozen Buttermilk
When it comes to defrosting buttermilk, there are a couple of options. Choose one that fits your circumstances best.
In the fridge
Defrosting buttermilk overnight in the fridge is the safest and easiest way to get it done.
The only downside is that you have to actually remember to transfer the container, cubes, or bags into the fridge the evening before.
To speed things up slightly, place your frozen buttermilk in a pot of lukewarm water. This helps because water conducts heat faster than air.
Here’s how such a setup looks like:
Please note that if your portions are quite large (like 2+ cups) and you used a container instead of a bag, defrosting might take more than 8 hours. Plan accordingly.
On the counter
Defrosting dairy on the counter isn’t recommended, and I don’t recommend it either. If there are any rogue microorganisms in your buttermilk, they’ll grow and multiply much quicker than if you defrost it in the fridge.
That said, I have to admit that sometimes I forget to put the container in the fridge the night before or am in a hurry. And that’s when I defrost buttermilk on the counter.
The procedure is simple:
- Place the buttermilk in a pot of lukewarm water.
- Stir it every 15 – 20 minutes.
- Change the water when it becomes ice cold.
Of course, the whole process still takes up to a couple of hours if you have a large container to thaw.
Again, do it at your own risk.
Add it frozen
Skipping defrosting and adding frozen buttermilk might be an option in soups, stews, and similar dishes.
All you need to do is transfer the buttermilk (in whatever shape you have it) into the liquid you’re cooking on the stove. A couple of minutes of cooking and stirring should thaw the dairy product completely.
How To Use Frozen And Thawed Buttermilk
There are lots of options, and many cooked or baked dishes will do.
Unless, of course, buttermilk is its most important ingredient. In such a case, the quality of the dish might suffer if you use frozen buttermilk (avoid those!).
Foods from these categories should turn out just fine no matter if you use frozen and defrosted buttermilk or fresh one:
- biscuits, muffins, and other baked goods
- mashed potatoes
But before you go out there and freeze your buttermilk leftovers, there are a few things about cooking with thawed buttermilk that you might want to know.
Tips For Using Thawed Buttermilk
I didn’t want to leave you with a vague “use it in cooked dishes” advice. Instead, I want to share a couple of tips I found useful when working with frozen and thawed buttermilk.
Here they are.
Use it in recipes that you know
The most important thing, at least to me, is having prior experience with the recipe that you want to use the defrosted buttermilk in.
If you know the recipe well, or at least cooked it two to three times, you know what to expect at each stage. That’s important because when you’re using defrosted buttermilk instead of fresh, you might need to fix some issues (e.g., texture) during cooking.
If you don’t have any experience with the recipe, you won’t know that you have a problem until it’s too late.
Besides that, if you’ve never cooked the recipe before, and it turns out pretty bad, you don’t know if it’s the recipe’s fault or was the thawed buttermilk the culprit.
Cook the dish at least once or twice using fresh ingredients before making it with defrosted buttermilk.
Check the texture
I already talked about this in my article on freezing sour cream, but it applies to buttermilk as well.
When you’re making pancakes, you want your pancake batter (which you can freeze, by the way) to have a certain thickness. It shouldn’t be chunky, but it shouldn’t be runny either.
The texture of frozen and defrosted buttermilk is much thinner than this of fresh buttermilk. It’s not frozen ricotta that stays pretty much intact or frozen cottage cheese that becomes more chunky. Because of that, your batter will end up thinner as well.
There are at least two ways to fix that:
- add more flour (or whatever solid ingredient you’re using)
- add less buttermilk
Similar rules apply to other dishes that require specific texture to get the optimal results.
That’s why it’s important to be familiar with the recipe you’re using. If you’re not, you might not be sure if the texture is right, and end up with flat pancakes (or what have you) instead of thick and fluffy ones.
Mind the appearance
As you already know, thawed buttermilk is separated into solids and liquids. When you’re making a soup, stew, or mashed potatoes, some of those solids might stay visible no matter how much stirring you do.
Here’s how my mashed potatoes with defrosted buttermilk look like:
All of these white dots are solids from the separation, and there’s no easy way (that I know of) of getting rid of them.
For me, those dots are no big deal. My wife doesn’t care about them either. But if I were having someone over, I wouldn’t serve them such mashed potatoes.
Long story short, if you care deeply about the perfect appearance of the dish, using defrosted buttermilk in soups, stews, or mashed potatoes might not be a good idea.
Freeze the dish instead
Pouring buttermilk into a container and placing it in the freezer is easy. It only takes a couple of minutes, and you’re happy because you saved the dairy product.
But if that buttermilk is going to sit in the freezer for ages, freezing doesn’t really solve the problem. It just postpones it for an extra couple of months.
If you’re lazy (like I am), consider making more of the dish you’re already cooking and freezing the leftovers. That’s, of course, assuming that the dish freezes well.
I’d much rather have a package of pancakes ready in the freezer than a container of buttermilk that I need to defrost and only then can use to make pancakes.
The chances of me grabbing those pancakes are high. I don’t need to muster any motivation to do that. It’s a prepped meal that I only need to reheat.
That frozen buttermilk? It’s much more of a hassle to use it. You need to plan ahead, and cooking those pancakes takes time too.
The bottom line is: if you want to be 100% sure that buttermilk gets used anytime soon, cooking something with it and freezing the dish is the best solution.
Warm up the buttermilk before using
If you’re making pancakes often, you know that all the ingredients should be fairly warm (including the buttermilk and eggs). Using them straight from the fridge usually yields subpar results.
If you’re using buttermilk in any dish that involves baking powder (e.g., pancakes), it helps to warm it up to at least room temperature before using. Or to sort-of-hot if you don’t want the dairy product to cool down your warm dish (e.g., mashed potatoes).
FAQ About Freezing Buttermilk
Can you freeze buttermilk in the carton?
Yes, assuming that it’s not full. Buttermilk expands when frozen, so if your carton is full, it might tear. And you probably don’t want to defrost your freezer to clean the aftermath of such an event.
The easiest way to go about that is to open the buttermilk and drink half a cup or so. This way, you’ll be safe.
Can you refreeze buttermilk?
Yes, but only if you thawed it in the fridge. Maintaining refrigeration temperature is key here. If you defrosted it at room temperature or maybe in the microwave, either use the whole thing right away or discard the leftovers. | <urn:uuid:f15c4eec-ff3b-40ca-8c3a-9e2d9e4b8ed5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.doesitgobad.com/freeze-buttermilk/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573908.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820043108-20220820073108-00264.warc.gz | en | 0.927705 | 3,561 | 1.679688 | 2 |
نتایج پیشگیری و بهداشت اولیه: درمان های مسکونی خطرات رنگ مبتنی بر سرب و شیوع مسمومیت با سرب در دوران کودکی
|کد مقاله||سال انتشار||تعداد صفحات مقاله انگلیسی||ترجمه فارسی|
|10647||2012||14 صفحه PDF||سفارش دهید|
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Publisher : Elsevier - Science Direct (الزویر - ساینس دایرکت)
Journal : Journal of Urban Economics, Volume 71, Issue 1, January 2012, Pages 151–164
In order to gain a better understanding of the effects of an investment in primary prevention on health, I investigate the impact of treatment of lead-based paint hazards in housing units (the preventive action) on childhood lead poisoning (the health outcome) at the census tract level in Chicago, IL. I use the findings from the analysis to simulate and then weigh the costs of lead interventions against the potential benefits of reducing blood lead levels in children. Childhood lead poisoning presents an interesting case study of the potential of preventive care in reducing the prevalence of a disease. There is a clear, well-defined pathway of exposure (deteriorating lead paint in older homes) and no method of secondary care that effectively mitigates the negative health effects. I find that a one-tenth percentage point increase in the proportion of older housing units that have been remediated is associated with a four-tenths percentage point reduction in the prevalence of childhood lead poisoning, an elasticity of roughly 0.5. Citywide, this is roughly 2.5 cases of lead poisoning averted for every housing unit remediated. Furthermore, I find evidence that the effect of remediations in preventing the disease has improved over time. The lower bound estimates of the benefits associated with the reduction in lead poisoning – increased expected lifetime earnings and reduced medical expenditures – are two to twenty times the estimated costs of the remediations.
Childhood lead poisoning is the second most prevalent preventable disease (after asthma) in children in the United States (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention – CDC, 2005). In general, the average blood lead level (BLL) in children has been declining over the last three decades, down 90% since 1978 (Envrionmental Protection Agency – EPA, 2005). However, levels among low-income, urban children, particularly those living in older housing, remain high (Chicago Department of Public Health – CDPH, 2004). Furthermore, recent medical studies of the effects of lead poisoning on cognitive ability in children have demonstrated negative impacts at levels previously thought to be below the threshold for concern (Koller et al., 2004). There are many factors that have contributed to the decline in the prevalence of lead poisoning over the past few decades, foremost of which are the phaseout of leaded gasoline beginning in the early 1970s and a greater awareness of the disease. Currently, the greatest source of lead exposure in children is deteriorating lead-based paint in old, poorly-maintained housing. Thus, future reductions in the prevalence of the disease in children will come from the treatment of lead paint hazards in the home. The primary goal of this paper is to investigate the role that the treatment of lead-based paint in homes has played in the declining rate of childhood lead poisoning in the US. More specifically, I intend to estimate the impact of an investment in lead remediations, a non-medical approach to primary prevention, on the prevalence of elevated blood lead levels (EBLs) in Chicago, Illinois. Using these findings, I also provide evidence that the benefits to society from remediations and the resulting reduced lead exposure in children far outweigh the costs of the necessary lead hazard treatments. Rather than measure whether individual remediations prevent cases of lead poisoning, I investigate whether the aggregate remediation efforts in a given area (US census tracts) will reduce the prevalence of childhood lead poisoning there. I use the number of housing units remediated in several different ways to reflect the “health of the housing stock” in an area over time (i.e. the degree to which the housing stock is free of lead hazards). As the investment in prevention increases and the health of the housing stock improves, children face a lower risk of exposure to lead and the prevalence of lead poisoning should decline. There are several aspects of childhood lead poisoning and its prevention that provide a useful case for studying preventive care and its impacts on health. First, there is a clear pathway with a short time horizon from exposure to illness in children (lead-based paint hazards in older, poorly-maintained housing units). Thus, it is possible to isolate the effect of prevention on a health outcome from other confounding factors. In addition, the health effects of lead are irreversible. The only effective way to combat the illness is to prevent it from occurring. Lastly the potential benefits of prevention are rather large compared to the costs of increased remediation. Chicago is an ideal location for the study because it has one of the highest rates of childhood lead poisoning as well as one of the most active lead prevention programs in the nation. Chicago has more total cases of lead poisoning in children per year than any other US city (CDPH, 2004). I observe each variable by year from 1997 to 2003 and by census tract. I begin by estimating a simple linear model of the prevalence of childhood lead poisoning controlling for various changes in census tract characteristics over the study period. The panel dataset also allows me to include year dummy variables to account for aggregate unobserved factors that drive down EBLs homogeneously across tracts over time. There are potential sources of unobserved heterogeneity that differentially impact the prevalence of EBLs in census tracts (i.e. there are “problem tracts” that have high levels of EBLs and lead remediation in homes). If this is the case, OLS estimates of the effect of remediations on EBLs will be biased, leading to a spurious positive relationship between remediation and lead poisoning. I estimate fixed effects models to account for any unobserved census tract impacts. Reverse causality between the remediation variable and the dependent variable (i.e. a fraction of remediations are ordered in homes because children living there have tested positive for lead poisoning) is another potential problem. Again, OLS estimators will tend to underestimate the true effects of remediation. To account for the endogeneity of the remediation variables, I investigate different ways to calculate the variable that will purge any reverse causality. Once I account for census tract fixed effects, a one-tenth percentage point increase in the percentage of housing units remediated (a reasonable increase given the annual changes observed in the data) is associated with a four-tenths percentage point decrease in the prevalence of childhood lead poisoning, an elasticity of roughly 0.5. Citywide, from 1997 to 2003, this effect translates to 2.5 cases averted for each additional housing unit treated. Furthermore, the negative impact of remediations on EBLs strengthens over time, suggesting that each remediation may prevent EBLs in more than one child over succeeding years. I also find that there was a sharp decline in the prevalence of EBLs from 1997 to 2003 not captured by remediations or any of the control variables. This is evidenced by the strong, negative and consistently increasing coefficients on the time dummy variables, most likely accounting for the reduction in lead from gasoline and increased awareness. Lastly, when controlling for various housing and sociodemographic characteristics in the panel analysis, the proportion of the population that is black, a significant risk factor in other studies, is no longer an important predictor of lead poisoning in children. The increase in lifetime earnings and the reduced medical care expenditures from a one-tenth percentage point increase in remediation are far greater than the corresponding costs. The lower bound estimate of the benefit-cost ratio is 2:1 while the upper bound is roughly 20:1. The largest dollar benefit by far is the increase in the discounted net present value of expected lifetime earnings from an increase in cognitive ability in children (measured as an increase in IQ). The upper bound estimates are reasonable for Chicago when compared to other studies finding large nationwide benefits from reductions in mean BLLs.
نتیجه گیری انگلیسی
Once I account for the unobserved effects of census tracts and time, the percentage of addresses remediated in a census tract has an inverse relationship with the prevalence of EBLs in that area. Because a failure to adequately account for reverse causality and time invariant effects in “problem” tracts will provide estimates that are biased upwards toward zero for the impact of remediations, any coefficients can be interpreted as lower bounds (in magnitude) on the range of effects. Furthermore, the magnitude of the impact is feasible given the summary statistics (Table 2). A one-tenth percent increase in the percent of addresses remediated is well within the range of potential changes. The resulting four-tenths percent decrease in the prevalence (an elasticity of roughly 0.5) is also feasible given the dramatic declines in EBLs over time. Applying these results citywide, roughly 2.5 cases of lead poisoning are prevented for each housing unit remediated. Because this ratio is greater than 1:1, there is some spillover effect of remediations. This spillover effect can be attributed to several sources. Multiple children living in a housing unit should all benefit from an effective remediation. Thus, it is certainly feasible that all young siblings will observe a decline in BLLs. Although less likely to produce this large of a spillover effect, it is also possible that children visiting the home will have lower BLLs. These spillover effects are potentially larger if the lead hazards are on the outside of the home, primarily in the form of lead contaminated soil. There is also a positive spillover to future child tenants in treated housing units. Low income renters, a group with an elevated risk to lead exposure, are a highly mobile population in Chicago. If there is high degree of turnover in high risk areas within the city, the potential spillover benefit to new tenants is very large. Conversely, if poisoned children move out of a remediated home into a unit with unaddressed lead hazards, then they will continue to have an EBL. This would suggest that the benefit from a remediation is period specific for those moving frequently rather than a lifetime reduction in lead levels. However, the knowledge gained by a family (behaviors that minimize exposure and recognizing lead hazards) should minimize future exposure in new housing units. The last possible explanation is that children that were once poisoned receive multiple passing screens. This would bias the percentage of EBLs downward and the impact of remediation upwards. This is unlikely as children with multiple screens are more likely to have positive than negative screens since follow-up is ordered only in poisoned children. The choice of a unit of observation (census tract in this analysis) may influence the observed effect of lead remediations on EBLs. The benefit of a case averted might accrue in a different tract than the site of the remediation. For instance, if a child from one census tract faces reduced lead exposure because he visits a remediated home in a neighboring tract, the benefit is seen in the child’s home tract. A unit of observation that characterizes where children are most likely to spend time away from their own home, such as a neighborhood designation, might lead to more accurate estimates of the effect of remediation in a given area. Census tract borders are drawn according to population estimates and therefore, do not necessarily reflect characteristics of an area. Neighborhood boundaries should better reflect the character of an area. If children are more likely to associate with other children and family members in their neighborhood, then using neighborhood as the unit of observation will lead to more accurate estimates. Unfortunately, using Chicago neighborhoods would cut the number of observations dramatically. Similarly, an estimation strategy that considers the effect of remediation on surrounding tracts as well as the child’s home tract might provide a clearer picture of the spacial impact of remediations. This strategy relies on the assumption that children are more likely to spend time in areas close to their home. Remediation was more effective in reducing childhood lead poisoning in later years. It has been noted that the requirements for proper lead remediation have become more stringent over time. Most importantly, the regulations now require that lead dust be controlled. Additionally, anyone performing a lead remediation must be certified in lead safe work practices. These strict guidelines may be driving the increased efficacy of remediations over time. This also means that the expiration of older remediations are not having a meaningful negative impact on the “healthiness” of the housing stock. It is likely that once a housing unit has been remediated, parents and landlords work to ensure that the units remain free of lead hazards. Thus, over time, the preventive action continues to avert cases in siblings, playmates, and future tenants. The final models yielded a few unexpected results with regard to the sign and precision of the coefficients on the covariates. Even the coefficient for the percent of pre-1950 housing units, thought to be a very strong predictor of lead poisoning, was not a significant predictor of the dependent variable. This is not completely surprising as the summary statistics showed that there is not a consistent, positive linear relationship between lead poisoning and the age of the housing stock. Lead poisoning increased with the age of the housing stock but then decreased in areas with the highest percentage of older housing, perhaps reflecting the greater wealth concentrated in areas with very old housing in Chicago. The finding also provides evidence that the condition of the housing is far more important than the age, particularly in a city where the majority of housing units were built prior to 1950 and contain some amount of lead-based paint. The age variable was most likely acting as a proxy for condition in other lead studies that found large, significant effects. In addition, the negative relationships between EBLs and housing value and education and the positive relationship with children in poverty (variables added to control for gentrification over time) are counterintuitive. However, these variables also have a strong negative relationship with remediations. It is possible that informal renovations are more common in gentrifying neighborhoods. As mentioned previously, the literature has shown that home renovations increase lead exposure on average when lead-based paint is present. A positive association with increased lead exposure through home renovations could explain the surprising findings. Multicolinearty between several of the housing and population characteristics included in the model could also contribute generally to the unexpected results for the covariates. The coefficients for the explanatory variables constructed using census data should be interpreted with caution. The variation needed over time in the fixed effects models to control for changes over the study period within tracts is generated using the linear trend between the 1990 and 2000 censuses. If the trends from 1990 to 2003 are reasonable approximations of the changes in tracts from 1997 to 2003, these variables should serve as valid controls. However, to the extent that the trends deviate from a linear trend from 1990 to 2000, I am not picking up the changes in important risk factors that could influence regional changes in lead poisoning. The lack of time-varying census tract data for many of the risk factors is a limitation of the work in that the changes in population and housing variables are intended to control for the evolving nature of Chicago neighborhoods. Future releases of demographic data at the census tract level will strengthen this type of population-based, spatial analysis. The costs savings in Chicago from a small increase in remediation is potentially several hundred million dollars. While this estimate may seem high, it is a reasonable figure for Chicago given the nationwide estimates reported in the literature. Several studies have estimated that the benefit of small reductions in lead exposure nationwide could be tens of billions of dollars (Schwartz, 1994, Salkever, 1995 and Landrigan et al., 2002). One study estimated that the benefit of reduced lead exposure since 1976 has been between $100 and $300 billion (Grosse et al., 2002). In addition, the benefits of remediation will continue to increase over time. A single remediation can potentially prevent lead exposure for all children living in that home in the future. Therefore, improving the “healthiness” of the housing stock benefits all future generations. | <urn:uuid:85174d4b-5ea1-41e6-a944-0514a7ec5fc0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://isiarticles.com/article/10647 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.940237 | 3,796 | 1.914063 | 2 |
Papers relating to the defence of Calais, May 1940, dated 1940-1971, notably including typescript extracts of messages from the log kept by Control Wireless Station of No 12 Wireless Section at Vice Admiralty, Dover, 1940, copied in [1960-1970]; 'Personal experience in the defence of Calais', manuscript text compiled by Wright in 1946 from a report written for the War Office in 1940; press cuttings and copies of press cuttings, 1940-1962; correspondence relating to the rescue of a group of soldiers (including Wright) from Calais harbour by HMS GULZAR, May 1940, dated 1940 and 1968; 'Calais 1940 remembered', article by Lt J A Evitts reprinted from the Journal of the Royal Signals Institution vol 10 no 3, 1971. Other papers relating to Wright and his family, 1916, , 1986, notably including newspaper cutting concerning the rescue from under enemy fire of Wright's father, 2nd Lt Leonard Wright, by Pte William Hall, 1916.
WRIGHT, Col Leslie William (b 1920)
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- ReferenceGB 99 KCLMA Wright L W
- Dates of Creation1916, 1940-1971, , 1986
- Language of MaterialEnglish
- Physical Description2 files
Scope and Content
Administrative / Biographical History
Born in 1920; served in World War Two with BEF, France and Central Mediterranean Forces, Italy; responsible for signals operation in Southern Italy, 1945; joined staff of Sheffield College of Technology (later merged with Sheffield City Polytechnic), 1949, later becoming Senior Lecturer in History; retired, 1980.
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Presented to the Centre by Wright in three sections in 1990 and 1994.
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Summary guide available on-line at http://www.kcl.ac.uk/lhcma/top.htm, and Detailed catalogue available in hard copy in the Centre's reading room.
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Copies, subject to the condition of the original, may be supplied for research use only. Requests to publish original material should be submitted to the Trustees of the Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives, attention of the Director of Archive Services. | <urn:uuid:19c6c69b-3f29-462f-a105-3f4d15c41ad5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk/search/archives/c6ad3feb-e4c2-38b0-ad18-0dd6f438c1c3 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.880289 | 540 | 1.726563 | 2 |
DISCUSS WITH REFERENCE TO APPROPRIATE LEGISLATION, CASE LAW AND/OR RULINGS WHETHER MRS BROWN IS CARRYING ON A BUSINESS FOR TAXATION LAW PURPOSES IN EITHER THE 2016 OR 2017 INCOME YEARS
LAW5230 Assignment Semester 3, 2017 Page | 1 LAW5230 Assignment Taxation Law Assignment Due date: 4 January 2018 Value: 40% Word Limit: 4,000 words (excluding calculations) This assignment consists of two (2) parts. Part A consists of a problem solving scenario (1,000 words) and Part B is a research assignment (3,000 words). You must complete both Part A and Part B. Pay careful attention to the marking criteria at the end of each Part. Part A Issue 1 Mrs Brown has been working in Australia in the child care sector as an early childhood educator from 2012. During the 2017 income year Mrs Brown worked as a casual employee with two different employers in the child care industry. She worked an average of between 25 and 30 hours per week and earned approximately $40,000 in wages during the 2017 income year. During 2015 and 2016 Mrs Brown became worried that as a casual worker she did not have job security, so she started looking at ways she might earn some more money and save for her retirement. Mrs Brown commenced buying shares in late 2015 utilising funds sourced from her savings of approximately $60,000 and a loan of initially $40,000. She used an online stockbroking service for all her share transactions. Mrs Brown purchased shares in banks and mining companies as well as some smaller listed companies. She held seven parcels of shares with a total value of approximately $50,000 as at 30 June 2016. During the 2017 income year Mrs Brown made: (a) 17 purchases to a value of $129,630.87 (b) 9 sales to a value of $75,019.76. The bulk of the transactions took place between July and December 2016. There were only six transactions in the second half of the financial year totalling a value of approximately $50,000. The gross dividends paid to Mrs Brown in the 2017 income year were $4,950.00. Mrs Brown made a small profit on her share transactions during the 2017 income year in the order of $12,000. Mrs Brown said that her investment strategy involved tracking the price of certain high quality shares and buying them whenever the price dipped down below a certain price range. She said that she would check the share price history and read the reports of analysts in financial newspapers and also watch “The Business” program on the ABC, before making purchases LAW5230 Assignment Semester 3, 2017 Page | 2 and sales. She would additionally discuss her strategy with her husband. She also said that the amount invested was based on her available funds. Mrs Brown usually spent 5 to 10 hours on research and share trading per week. She used a home office for researching and transacting shares. Mrs Brown stated that she had no written business plan but believed she was investing as an individual in a planned manner to earn some profit. Required: Discuss with reference to appropriate legislation, case law and/or rulings whether Mrs Brown is carrying on a business for taxation law purposes in either the 2016 or 2017 income years. Also discuss whether it makes any difference to the income tax treatment of the purchases and sales if Mrs Brown is carrying on a business. No calculations are required. Issue 2 Greg lives in Gladstone and carries on a workwear clothing business in the central business district. During the year ended 30 June 2017 he had the following transactions: Greg received $24,000 on 28 September 2016 from the owner of a shopping centre in consideration for Greg opening a second store in the shopping centre in 2017 and signing a five-year lease. Another shopping centre had offered Greg $8,000 to lease a shop in an alternative shopping centre but Greg decided to accept the higher offer. On 28 February 2017 the city council commenced roadworks outside Greg’s shop. As the roadworks took several weeks the city council compensated Greg $45,000 for the potential loss of profits caused by the temporary disruption to his business. On 1 March 2017 Greg received $100,000 for signing a contract with a clothing company to only stock their brand of protective work clothing. From that date Greg cannot stock this style of clothing from any other suppliers. On 30th June 2017 Greg received $5,000 in deposits for a new safety vest that was being released for sale on 5 July 2017. Greg had taken orders for the new vest but if it is not available as planned Greg will refund the money he has taken on deposit. Required: Based on this information what are the income tax consequences of the above transactions for Greg for the year ended 30 June 2017? Support your discussion with reference to legislation, case law and/or taxation rulings. LAW5230 Assignment Semester 3, 2017 Page | 3 LAW5230 – Taxation Law Semester 3, 2017 Assignment Marking Criteria Sheet PART A – Problem Solving Little attemp t F C B A HD Identification of legal issues, legislation and case law Overall the student has identified the relevant assessable income issues, legislation and where appropriate case law and rulings. 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 Application Demonstrated level of understanding of business income issues through the application of the identified law. 1 3 5 6.5 7.5 10 Demonstrated level of understanding of the ordinary income and trading stock issues through the application of the identified law. 1 3 5 6.5 7.5 10 Conclusions Overall, the student has drawn appropriate and valid conclusions after applying the law. 0 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 Total out of 25 Description of Performance Standards; H
The post DISCUSS WITH REFERENCE TO APPROPRIATE LEGISLATION, CASE LAW AND/OR RULINGS WHETHER MRS BROWN IS CARRYING ON A BUSINESS FOR TAXATION LAW PURPOSES IN EITHER THE 2016 OR 2017 INCOME YEARS appeared first on #.
Do you need a similar assignment done for you from scratch? We have qualified writers to help you. We assure you an A+ quality paper that is free from plagiarism. Order now for an Amazing Discount!Use Discount Code “Newclient” for a 15% Discount!NB: We do not resell papers. Upon ordering, we do an original paper exclusively for you. | <urn:uuid:a97f72a2-51eb-4a7f-8e57-fd60b578b260> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://stepessays.com/discuss-with-reference-to-appropriate-legislation-case-law-and-or-rulings-whether-mrs-brown-is-carrying-on-a-business-for-taxation-law-purposes-in-either-the-2016-or-2017-income-years/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.969243 | 1,333 | 1.851563 | 2 |
Digital Timing Using Solutions to Ordinary Differential Equations
This example shows how to model a three stage ring oscillator using models defined by ordinary differential equations (ODE).
This example is the third of three examples that use a three stage ring oscillator model to explore the range of options for simulating the analog applications of digital circuits. The delays in each stage determine the ring oscillator's output frequency, making the accurate modeling of these delays essential to the simulation of the circuit.
The first two examples in the sequence, Logic Timing Simulation and Digital Timing Using Fixed Step Sampling, contain background information about this example. Read them first, in sequence, if you have not already done so.
This model uses blocks defined by ODEs, and depends on the services of an ODE solver. For each stage, the zero crossing detection capabilities of a Compare To Constant block are used to produce a saturated input to the inverter. The inverter output is converted from Boolean to double to drive a Transfer Function block. The Transfer Function block defines the shape of the inverter output transitions.
Load the ODE-based model and update the model to display sample times.
Continuous Time Model Using Exponential Decay
In this section, use a single pole response to evaluate the ring oscillator output when the inverter output is modeled as the response of an RC circuit.
For this section, the Transfer Function blocks are configured for a single pole response. The pole for one of the logic stages is set to a slightly different value than for the other two stages so that the model will enter the correct mode of oscillation.
The solver selection is set to
auto, with a Relative Tolerance of
Run the ODE-based model with the single pole rise/fall response.
Continuous Time Model with Nearly Constant Slew Rate
In this section, model the response of the ring oscillator stages using a continuous time Transfer Function block with a fourth order Bessel-Thompson response to approximate a constant slew rate response.
Set the configuration for the fourth order Bessel-Thompson rise/fall response.
den = getBesselDenominator(3e9); set_param('OdeWaveform/Transfer Fcn','Denominator',mat2str(den)); set_param('OdeWaveform/Transfer Fcn1','Denominator',mat2str(den)); den = getBesselDenominator(3.1e9); set_param('OdeWaveform/Transfer Fcn2','Denominator',mat2str(den));
Run the modified ODE-based model. Note the slight rounding of the onset of the switching edges, similar to the waveforms produced in the Digital Timing Using Fixed Step Sampling example.
Continuous Time with Solver in Auto Mode
In this section, change the solver configuration and observe the change in results.
For circuits which are adequately described by linear, time invariant models, the combination of fixed step and variable step discrete sample times, as described in the Combined Fixed Step and Digital Timing section may be the simplest way to get reliable results. However, for circuits which must be modeled by a nonlinear or time-varying model, the ODE-based solution is the only viable option. In such cases, you should vary the maximum error tolerance, maximum step size or choice of solver in the solver configuration dialog and compare the results to the behavior you expect.
Maintain the model configuration of the previous section but change the solver's Relative Tolerance from
Run the model with the auto solver setting. Observe both the change in period of oscillation and in wave shape. | <urn:uuid:39fe1d95-0eaa-4b31-9d74-e92508a74e02> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ww2.mathworks.cn/help/msblks/ug/digital-timing-using-solutions-to-ordinary-differential-equations.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.830872 | 841 | 2.953125 | 3 |
With the cost of petrol having breached R20 per litre in December, and diesel up to R18:00 for a litre, motorists in South Africa should be looking at ways to bring down their driving costs.
As a driver of an automatic car, it feels like there’s not much in your control to save on petrol costs, but there are driving techniques that’ll extend your fuel to the end of the month, says Suzuki Auto South Africa.
Save money in your automatic with these insider tips on driving fuel efficiently.
1. Keep your momentum
It’s science – a body in motion stays in motion and therefore uses less energy and fuel. Don’t brake unless needed, and driving slowly and consistently will keep your car going forward.
2. Don’t keep your foot on the brake
Resting your foot on the brake pedal, no matter how lightly, immediately applies drag to the car, which hugely impacts fuel economy. Says How Stuff Works, “It’ll place an unnecessary burden on the engine and transmission. You’ll wear out your brakes rapidly, as well.”
3. Tyres properly inflated
Your car only touches the ground on, quite literally, a handful of places. Each tyre has a portion as big as the palm of your hand that actually touches the road – and this has a huge impact on your driving and fuel efficiency. An underinflated tyre causes your car to drag, increases stopping distances and is generally unsafe.
4. Don’t drive angry
Racing to the traffic light, fast braking and accelerating all consumes fuel rapidly. Aggressive driving can increase your fuel consumption by 33% at highway speeds and by 5% around town. Accelerate gently, and pull away slowly to save petrol.
5. Stay cool while cruising on the highway
Use your air conditioning wisely, car manufacturers explain that your car may use more fuel to power your air-con at lower speeds but cruising on the highway with your air-con on, won’t make a difference to your fuel consumption.
You’ll find that some automatic cars stay in lower gears longer than is fuel-efficient. Try coaxing the transmission into shifting earlier than it wants to by taking your foot off the accelerator after 50 Km/h. Accelerate slowly when you’re in the higher gears.
7. Make fewer trips
The more trips you make, the less fuel you’re going to save. This is because once your car is parked for a few hours, the engine has cooled down and it will use more fuel to for the first 10 kilometres or so. Try to combine going grocery shopping and picking up your kids from their after-school activities if you can.
8. It’s all about maintenance
When your car runs smoothly and is in good mechanical condition, you’ll be able to get the best fuel economy from it. How Stuff Works says that sending your car for regular maintenance can boost fuel economy up to 10%.
Regularly schedule maintenance so that car parts will last longer, allowing you to save money through less fuel consumption and reducing repair costs.
9. Cruising when you can
The RAC UK say that cruise control actually helps with saving fuel when driving on a consistent flat surface such as highways and freeways. This is due to driving at a constant speed, which cancels out unnecessary acceleration.
Using your cruise control on steep hills could increase your fuel consumption as the cruise control will attempt to keep your vehicle travelling at a constant speed that uses more fuel.
10. Don’t lose traction
Your tyres are more likely to slip on wet or gravel surfaces, and each time that happens you lose fuel mileage as well as endanger yourself and others. Make sure to take care when starting off on unpaved and slippery roads and slow down on rough surfaces.
All of these small, manageable changes add up to savings you’ll feel between payday, said Suzuki Auto South Africa. | <urn:uuid:6ebe6cab-d0d2-4a44-b9b3-7b655ce42943> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://businesstech.co.za/news/energy/536706/10-ways-to-save-fuel-when-driving-an-automatic-car/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.946306 | 830 | 1.960938 | 2 |
David Futrelle has left another steaming pile on his blog. This one is about a post on The Spearhead. I personally don’t have time for The Spearhead, it’s the MRA equivalent of Jezebel. Most of what gets posted is nonsense. Sometimes, rarely, they post something worth while. David found one such post and then decided to mindlessly attack rather than actually both to actually listen and hear what was being said.
So what did The Spearhead say that was so horribly anti-woman, you know the stuff that feminist actually for equality would agree with?
Well times are hard. Harder than when 2nd wave feminism was around. We are still recovering from the worst economic disaster since the great depression (and by some accounts worse than the great depression) Women need to rely on the men in their lives much more than their mothers did. The myth of every woman being an island into and of herself is crumbling. You can’t do it on your own. “Independence” isn’t all it’s cracked up to be. The “A woman needs a man like a fish needs a bicycle” attitude that is in fact very feminist just simply doesn’t work very well today.
Really women should have relationships with M E N…..should be connected to and interdependent on M E N. The human species thrives when men and women work TOGETHER. Nothing could be more hateful than this, well according to feminists like Manboobz (David Futrelle) it is. What message could be less feminist that “Strong relationships between equals”
In the face of dramatic levels of equality in the workplace, with wives and girlfriends earning more than the husbands and boyfriends what does The Spearhead advocate? They are a bit long winded in saying that men make great homemakers. That men are and should be allowed to break out of outdated gender roles. This is just the most anti-feminist thing ever. What feminist has ever advocated for getting rid of outdated and regressive gender roles.
So what other horribly evil and sexist things are said in the post by Spearhead? Well when times are tough, there are less resources to go around. This is kind of the definition of tough times. A good way to make the most out of resources is sharing burdens like rent and the power bill with other people. Half the population is men, so there is a very large pool of men out there, many of whom are also struggling and would enjoy sharing the burden in a relationship with an equal. This is so very anti-feminist that David should have devoted the entire post just to how horribly sexist and hateful treating women as equals is.
Warren Farrel wrote a book Women Can’t hear What Men don’t Say. Well Men are starting to say, and women and feminists need to learn how to listen. | <urn:uuid:7e07757b-4134-4d64-936f-7e3788ce8a6c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://poisonedwell.wordpress.com/2014/07/22/if-feminists-could-only-stop-talking-and-actually-listen/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.974743 | 602 | 1.742188 | 2 |
Note: a shorter version of this appeared in the October 21 print issue of The Weekly Standard released on October 11 and is still available on-line. The author is grateful for the publisher’s permission to reproduce an annotated version here. While I have added links and footnotes that do not appear in the on-line version, as well as one figure, the text is reproduced nearly verbatim. Any additions to the substance have been inserted as footnotes.
Breaking Bad is the story of a seemingly well-intended but very misguided man who turned to cooking meth in order to amass enough wealth to provide for his family once he dies of cancer. The consequences of that unfortunate decision—not to mention the lies and deceptions to keep it on track—pyramid alarmingly over the course of five seasons, culminating in mayhem and a head-spinning body count.
Obamacare isn’t a TV drama. But it will unleash its own tsunami of unintended consequences: more than a million jobs lost, an economy increasingly made up of part-time workers, higher health spending (at least a half-trillion dollars just over the next decade), a decline in medical innovation(and attendant loss of life).
While Obamacare undoubtedly will do a modest amount of good, the urgent question is whether the law’s supporters will come to see that the good pales in comparison to the damage. Obamacare may still crash and burn (see Medicare Catastrophic Coverage Act of 1988), or it may endure as a monument to government ineptitude and inefficiency (see U.S. Postal Service, whose deficit last year alone was $15.9 billion, despite being exempt from taxes, regulations, and even parking tickets!).
While there are many cooks who spoiled this particular broth, there’s little question that but for Barack Obama himself, this monstrosity would unlikely ever have been signed into law. Health policy scholars have known a dirty little secret for decades: When it comes to “universal coverage,” Americans have never been willing to put their money where their mouth is. Public opinion polls going back to the 1940s rather consistently show a majority of Americans in favor of “national health insurance” (as it was called then) or “universal coverage.” But such opinions were in response to open-ended questions that gave no sense of how such a program might affect respondents’ taxes. Starting about three decades ago, pollsters began taking a more sophisticated approach that probed the willingness to pay for expanded coverage of the uninsured. If one took the results of such polls at face value, i.e., assumed one could collect the actual amount of taxes respondents said they were willing to pay, the combined amount of taxes would cover only one-third to two-thirds of the cost of universal coverage.
This hard truth was so pervasively known in the health policy community that it was the theme of a Christmas card sent out by Princeton health economist Uwe Reinhardt in the late 1980s: Eighty-five percent purported to favor universal coverage, yet only 20 percent were willing to pay more than $50 a year in taxes to achieve this purpose. In short, pursuit of universal health care was either a fool’s errand (from a political standpoint) or would require the wool to be pulled over the eyes of the American public.
In Barack Obama, reformers found a candidate willing and able to rise to the occasion. Notwithstanding a campaign pledge to “always be honest with you about the challenges we face,” candidate Obama offered Americans the moon: He would cover most (albeit not all) of the uninsured; to the degree higher taxes were required to deliver on this promise, every penny would come out of the pockets of “rich” Americans; not only would middle-class Americans not have to pay a penny in new taxes for this dramatic but expensive new entitlement, the “typical” family of four would save $2,500 a year in premiums (before the end of his first term); and the plan would not add a dime to the deficit.
Another hard truth had emerged from the spectacular failure of the Clinton health reform initiative in 1994: The majority of Americans are generally satisfied with their own coverage and deeply resistant to anything that might threaten it. No problem. Obama had that covered as well: If you like your plan (and your doctor), you can keep them. These were the deceptions that brought us Obamacare. Let us examine them in turn.
Deception #1: universal coverage
Obama’s promise: “I will sign a universal health care bill into law by the end of my first term as president that will cover every American” (June 23, 2007).
Reality: Politifact.com views this as a campaign promise kept since President Obama signed into law a plan that included an individual mandate with few exemptions. And keep in mind this promise, unlike the others, actually was doable. However, the Affordable Care Act will not deliver universal coverage. According to the latest CBO projections, when fully implemented, Obamacare will cover fewer than half of the nation’s uninsured (leaving 31 million uninsured in 2023). Nevertheless, this turned out to be the closest the president came to keeping one of his promises. As we will see, the others missed by a mile.
Deception #2: no new taxes on the middle class
Obama’s promise: “I can make a firm pledge under my plan, no family making less than $250,000 a year will see any form of tax increase. Not your income tax, not your payroll tax, not your capital gains taxes, not any of your taxes” (September 12, 2008).
Reality: By 2022, Obamacare will have imposed just over $1 trillion in new taxes. It’s true that $318 billion of this will come in the form of taxes on payroll, dividends, capital gains, and other investment income specifically targeting taxpayers earning over $200,000 (singles) or $250,000 (married).
The remaining taxes, however, represent a laundry list of levies and limitations that will hit the pocket-books of both middle-class and low-income families. One could argue that the Cadillac tax on high-cost health plans ($111 billion) will tend to hit higher-than-average income workers (though certainly not just the top 1 or 2 percent). That may be true initially, but the threshold for determining which plans are taxed is indexed to general inflation rather than medical inflation. Consequently, Bradley Herring, a health economist at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, estimates that as many as 75 percent of plans could be affected by the tax just in the next decade.
As well, Obamacare’s employer mandate penalties ($106 billion) assuredly will hit the lowest-income workers, since they are the ones least likely to be covered through employer health plans. Similarly, taxes levied on health insurers ($101.7 billion), drug manufacturers ($34.2 billion), and medical device manufacturers ($29.1 billion) nominally are levied on big corporations. But everyone knows these ultimately will be passed along to consumers in the form of premium increases or higher out-of-pocket spending.
How do we know this? Because the Congressional Budget Office told us so, in November 2009, months before Obamacare was actually signed into law. Oliver Wyman, a well-known international consulting firm, has estimated the health-insurers tax alone is expected to increase premiums for single coverage by a minimum of $2,150 over the next 10 years while boosting family premiums by $5,080 during the same period. Even older people on Medicare Advantage plans, who tend to have lower-than-average incomes, will see premiums go up by $3,590 over 10 years according to the Oliver Wyman calculations.
Even for progressives who might fantasize that these corporate levies will somehow come out of big business’s (presumably obscene) profits, there can be little doubt that the individual mandate ($55 billion)—which, in fairness, wasn’t a tax until Chief Justice John Roberts declared it to be—will hit the little guy. Likewise, the new limits on Flexible Spending Accounts ($24 billion) and the higher threshold for deducting medical expenses from one’s income tax ($18.7 billion) will hit average families squarely in the pocketbook.
In short, when all is said and done, the very folks the president assured wouldn’t see taxes go up a dime to bankroll health reform will shoulder close to 70 percent of Obamacare’s tax burden. The president has shown himself to be a diligent student of former Louisiana senator Russell Long: “Don’t tax you, don’t tax me, tax that fellow behind the tree.”
And that’s just in the short term. Despite repeated pledges to make “hard decisions” and have an “adult conversation” over entitlements, the president has put us on a fiscal path that his own Treasury Department has declared “unsustainable.” Health entitlements (including Obamacare) will grow so rapidly that federal spending as a share of GDP will rise by more than 40 percent by the year 2085. Rising health entitlements will account for every penny of that increase! All this from a president who assured us last year that “it is not a bigger government we need.”
Deception #3: annual premium savings of $2,500
Reality: Taken literally, we know this promise failed spectacularly. According to the authoritative annual Kaiser Family Foundation/HRET Employer Health Benefits Survey, average premiums for family coverage (i.e., the kind of private coverage the “typical” family has) were $13,375 in 2009 and $16,531 in 2013. In short, average premiums for family coverage grew by $2,976 by the end of President Obama’s first term. Thus, we can accurately say that both in direction and magnitude reality turned out to be the opposite of what the president pledged.
Candidate Obama’s claim that he could pull off this astonishing feat before the end of his first term was not some off-script bit of puffery in a campaign speech. As Kevin Sacks at the New York Times reported: “Mr. Obama’s economic policy director, Jason Furman, said the campaign’s estimates were conservative and asserted that much of the savings would come quickly. ‘We think we could get to $2,500 in savings by the end of the first term, or be very close to it,’ Mr. Furman said.”
Nevertheless, some supporters have argued the president’s promise meant not that premiums would go down, but that they would be $2,500 a year lower than they would have been otherwise. Moreover, while he made the promise repeatedly on the campaign trail, he usually didn’t claim it would be accomplished by the end of his first term. Yet even if we cut the president some slack on both points and give Obamacare 12 years to “bend the cost curve,” the best available estimates still show this promise will fail miserably. For three consecutive years, the Office of the Actuary at the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services has released 10-year projections that compare national health spending under Obamacare with spending assuming Obamacare had never been implemented. In each instance, the ACA increases aggregate national health spending above and beyond the amount that such spending would have increased otherwise.
The latest version of these projections, released just last month, shows that between 2010 and 2022, aggregate health spending will be $621 billion higher under the Obamacare scenario. For a typical family of four, this amounts to $7,579 over that 13-year period.
Some have arguedthat technically it would be possible for health spending to increase for the 30 million formerly uninsured Americans even as premiums dropped for those already covered. In fact, we’ve known since 2008 that the average uninsured individual generates just under $1,000 in uncompensated care costs each year. We’ve also known that three-quarters of those uncompensated care costs are borne by taxpayers (federal, state, and local), leaving at most $285 (2013 dollars) per capita uninsured to be shifted to those with private health insurance, a small fraction of the premium increases we’ll be seeing.
In truth, no well-informed American ever should have believed this absurd promise. At the time Obama made it, Factcheck.org charitably deemedthis claim to be “overly optimistic, misleading and, to some extent, contradicted by one of his own advisers.” Rather than scale back his extravagant claims, President Obama on July 16, 2012, doubled-down, assuring small-business owners that “your premiums will go down.” He made this assertion notwithstanding the fact that by that time, in three separate reports between April 2010 and June 2012, the Medicare actuaries had demonstrated that the ACA would increase health spending. To its credit, the Washington Post fact-checker dutifully awarded the 2012 claim Three Pinocchios (“Significant factual error and/or obvious contradictions”).
Deception #4: no increase in the deficit
Obama’s promise: “I will not sign a plan that adds one dime to our deficits” (September 9, 2009).
Reality: This pledge was made in President Obama’s speech before a joint session of Congress—well before either chamber had voted on a plan. Using rules that everyone recognized were grossly misleading, the CBO scored the plan as a small deficit reducer. However, the president was well aware that his plan was “full of gimmicks and smoke-and-mirrors” (in the words of Rep. Paul Ryan) many weeks before the final bill was passed. Ryan’s analysis left no doubt that the president was trying to stuff a $2.3 trillion health plan (over 10 years) into a $1 trillion wrapper. Pleading ignorance is no excuse when it comes to breaking this particular promise.
According to former CBO director Douglas Holtz-Eakin and Michael Ramet of the American Action Forum, “A more comprehensive and realistic projection suggests that the new reform law will raise the deficit by more than $500 billion during the first 10 years and by nearly $1.5 trillion in the following decade.” Indeed, based on a more realistic (i.e., accurate) alternative fiscal scenario to the one CBO was forced to use to score Obamacare originally, the ACA has put us on a path to add $6.2 trillion (2011 dollars) to the deficit over the next 75 years. Reasonable people might quibble about the president’s level of knowledge when he first made this pledge, but there is little doubt it has turned out to be a promise broken—by a rather extraordinary margin.
Deception #5: you can keep your plan if you like it
Obama’s promise: “If you like your doctor, you will be able to keep your doctor, period. If you like your health care plan, you’ll be able to keep your health care plan, period. No one will take it away, no matter what” (June 15, 2009).
Reality: Virtually all Americans will see changes in their health insurance coverage, whether they want them or not. These changes will increase the cost of coverage for most Americans.
Some rules apply to all health insurance plans, even those that are “grandfathered”: (1) Plans can no longer impose annual or lifetime limits on how much health care coverage people may receive; (2) they must offer dependent coverage for young adults until age 26; (3) plans cannot retroactively cancel coverage because of a mistake made by plan members when applying; and (4) waiting periods for new employees cannot exceed 90 days.
Unless grandfathered, health plans will also be required to cover certain preventive care services at no cost. This is as idiotic as requiring auto insurers to pay for oil changes. You might wonder, if gas and oil are necessities for your car, what’s the big deal if auto insurance pays for them? Well, for starters, consumers become less price-sensitive knowing that all or nearly all of any higher price they pay for something will be borne by a third party. Steven Brill’s Time expose last year and a more recent New York Times piece on the high cost of colonoscopies should settle any questions about whether this phenomenon is widespread in American medicine. In general, Americans pay the highest medical prices on the planet.
Consumers may also undertake preventive activities more frequently than they would otherwise (changing oil every 1,000 miles instead of every 3,000). Case in point: About one-quarter of Medicare patients undergo colonoscopies more often than clinically recommended. Clearly, some of this wasteful spending can be avoided by erecting rules and monitoring to preclude this, but these in turn lead to higher administrative costs.
When someone else pays the bill, the payer always will need to undertake at least some form of monitoring activity to ensure that the service was needed/allowable, that it was actually provided to the customer (the most common forms of Medicare fraud are durable medical equipment never provided and services never performed), and that the price did not exceed some specified “reasonable” level. Otherwise that payer may be subject to massive fraud or excessive payouts. Even if consumers remained prudent shoppers (though there is no incentive to do so when someone else is paying most of the tab) and somehow are cajoled into using precisely the amount of preventive care that they would if they paid for such care on their own, these administrative costs make buying the service through a third-party payer more expensive than if the identical bill had been paid directly by the consumer.
This explains why we do not see auto insurance policies that cover the costs of fill-ups and oil changes, or homeowners’ policies that cover the cost of mowing the grass. It’s more sensible and less expensive to let consumers handle such expenses on their own. But when it comes to our bodies, Obama-care takes away that choice.
Other rules apply only to the individual and small-group markets (whether or not coverage is provided through the Obama-care health exchanges). Beginning in 2014, Obamacare will require all nongrandfathered health plans in the individual and small-group markets to cover essential health benefits (EHB), a broad range of services. These run the gamut from mental health care to preventive and wellness services. Many of these benefits were already routinely offered in employer health insurance plans, but others, such as dental care for children, were far less common. According to a study at HealthPocket.com, “less than 2 percent of the existing health plans in the individual market today provide all the Essential Health Benefits required under the Affordable Care Act.”
Obviously, higher premiums will result in any plans that formerly lacked these benefits. One of the most controversial of the “essential” health benefits is the contraception mandate—a threat to religious liberty so egregious that it has spawned at least 60 different lawsuits. According to the American Action Forum, “premium increases associated with coverage of the essential health benefits have ranged from 0.13 percent in Rhode Island to 33 percent in Maine, with most states expecting single-digit increases.”
Apart from telling individual and small-group plan members what benefits they must have, the law put a floor of 60 percent on the actuarial value of coverage, meaning that such plans had to be arranged to cover at least 60 percent of the expected costs for the average enrollee. This will result in further premium increases given that more than half the plans currently available on the individual market do not meet this 60 percent threshold. Indeed, 12 percent of individual and small-group plans have an actuarial value between 35 percent and 49 percent.
Premiums in the individual and small-group markets will escalate further owing to “modified community rating” (which prohibits insurers from charging their oldest subscribers more than three times the amount charged to any younger subscribers) and “guaranteed issue” (requiring insurers to take all comers, including those with preexisting conditions).
The bottom line is that a large number of those who now buy in the individual market (19.4 millionAmericans) and small-group market (28.5 million) will face significant changes in benefits as well as higher premiums. People now buying their insurance in the individual market will see the greatest rate shock. The American Action Forum recently compared premiums for the lowest-cost plan available in the nongroup market in January 2013 to the lowest cost bronze plan available on the exchange on October 1, 2013. On average, a healthy 30-year-old male nonsmoker will see his lowest-cost option increase in price by 260 percent. The amount varies by state, but an increase was observed in every state and in the District of Columbia, ranging from a low of 9 percent in Massachusetts to a high of 600 percent in Vermont. A Manhattan Institute analysis similarly concluded that 27-year-old males who purchase the least-expensive plan through the exchange will see their rates go up by an average of 97 percent (with only two states experiencing lower average premiums, Colorado and New Hampshire). For 27-year-old women, the average increase will be 55 percent (only four states would see lower average premiums, Colorado, New Hampshire, Ohio, and Rhode Island). For 40-year-olds the projected increases were 99 percent for men and 62 percent for women.
The small-group market will also see higher prices. The National Journal’s independent assessment concluded that even after taking into account subsidies available on the exchanges, 66 percent of workers with single coverage and 57 percent of workers with family coverage will face higher premiums on the exchange compared to what they would pay for employer-sponsored coverage. Admittedly, these increases will be smaller for grandfathered plans, but only about half of small-group workers are enrolled in grand-fathered plans. Already this is a decline from 2011, and eventually all plans will lose their grandfather status.
Defenders of Obamacare say the enhancements in benefits are worth the added premiums, but this defies common sense. There was nothing stopping plans from including any of the benefits now being forcibly imposed under Obamacare. That they did not do so voluntarily implies that the added premium costs associated with such plan enhancements were not worth the added cost to their customers. By definition, in forcing people to do what they would not do voluntarily, Obamacare reduces the social welfare of vast swaths of Americans.
It’s one thing for the content or price of one’s coverage to be changed by meddlesome regulations. It’s quite another to lose one’s coverage entirely. Yet Obamacare also will cause some employers to drop coverage, knowing that their employees can obtain coverage through the exchanges. Estimates of how many will do so are all over the map, with CBO estimating only 9 million employees will lose their employer-sponsored coverage, the Medicare actuary projecting the figure will be 14 million, and former CBO director Douglas Holtz-Eakin calculating the total may be as high as 35 million. As well, Obamacare will slash payments to Medicare Advantage plans, culminating (according to the Medicare actuary) in about half of Medicare Advantage plan members losing their coverage and being forced back into the wasteful and inefficient Medicare fee-for-service system.
‘I did it for myself’
One of the most satisfying scenes in Breaking Bad’s final episode is when meth kingpin Walter White finally comes clean with his wife Skyler (and himself) and admits his real motivation: “I did it for myself.” He may have started out with the intention of providing for his family, but what kept him going even when it was clear that the end could not possibly justify the means was self-interest.
I don’t doubt the sincerity of President Obama’s desire to reform health care to make things better for the American people. But in light of the gargantuan gap between what was promised and what is now being imposed, it’s reasonable to wonder whether he is stubbornly plunging forward because he has deceived himself into thinking he’s making things better, or is desperately clinging to his legacywith little regard for what damage it will do to the people who elected him.
I have linked to my earlier piece, Who Can Deny It? Obamacare Is Accelerating U.S. Towards A Part-Time Nation, written in early July. In mid-September, the Wall Street Journal added some very useful evidence to this debate based on an interview with University of Chicago economics professor Casey Mulligan. There are now 28 million people working part time versus 116.2 million full-timers. Prof. Mulligan estimates that once all the incentives of the ACA kick in by 2015, roughly 10 million workers will have switched from full-time to part-time status, i.e., 38 million part-timers versus 106.2 million full-timers.
As just one example, an analysis by the Pacific Research Institute calculated that the adverse effects on innovation of the law’s tax on medical devices will result in the loss of 1 million years of life annually (e.g., imagine 100,000 additional Americans dying 10 years earlier due to lack of life-saving technology).
Much of this historical evidence is codified in Hazel Erskine. The Polls: Health Insurance, The Public Opinion Quarterly, Vol. 39, No. 1 (Spring, 1975), pp. 128-143.
An example of such a poll that can still be found on-line is from 2004 (slide 24). Public Opinion Strategies, in conjunction with Greenberg Quinlan Rosner Research, conducted a national survey of 800 registered voters on behalf of the American Hospital Association. In response to a question: "How much MORE per year in federal taxes would you be willing to pay to help provide the funding to assure every American citizen receives health care coverage?" 16% said less than $100, 17% said 100-$299, 11% said $300-999 and 14% said $1000 or more. Based on the number of U.S. households in 2004 (113 million), these results implied a collective willingness-to-pay for universal coverage ranging from $22.4 billion (if the lower bound dollar amount for each interval was selected) to $36.7 billion (if the midpoint dollar amount for each interval is used). The net annual cost of universal coverage in 2004 ranged from $48 to $80 billion. So collective willingness to pay for a low-cost universal coverage option (e.g., Medicaid for all) ranged from 47 to 76% of the cost of such a plan; WTP for a high-cost universal coverage plan (e.g., private coverage for all) ranged from only 28 to 46%. As the results from Prof. Reinhardt's Christmas card suggest, other surveys showed much lower willingness-to-pay.
Excerpting from several poll results, the card summarized: “Should we have universal health care in the United States? Eighty-five percent, yes. Whose responsibility is that? Seventy-five percent, federal government. How would you finance this? More taxes, sixty-five percent. Would you be willing to spend more than fifty dollars more a year in taxes to finance this? Twenty percent, yes. Merry Christmas."
The FSA limits are also known as the special needs kids tax since they disproportionately hurt families that relied on the FSA to assist them with expenses for special needs children that can exceed $10,000 a year.
The 40% figure was based on CBO's 2012 long term budget outlook. According to the latest long term budget outlook (corrected on September 24, 2013), the alternative fiscal scenario now shows the size of the federal government will increase by 59% over the next 75 years (measured in terms of non-interest spending as % of GDP); 86% of that increase is accounted for by health entitlements (Medicare alone accounts for 59% of the growth).
President Obama's advisors subsequently hedged on the promise without eviscerating it: for example, White House Deputy Chief of Staff Nancy-Ann DeParle told ABC News in September 2011 that the law needs to play out before savings materialize. She claimed that “by 2019 we estimate that the average family will save around $2,000.”
To be more precise, Brad DeLong, who surely should know better, recently claimed that “right now the premiums of those who buy insurance pay for a lot of the uninsured’s medical care.” But less than half the care for the average uninsured person is uncompensated according to the 2008 study I cite. And the study further shows that only one quarter of this uncompensated care cost is plausibly shifted onto privately insured patients, an amount equal to $285 (2013 dollars) per capita uninsured, i.e., 12% of uninsured spending. From where I sit, this does not seem like "a lot." Moreover, since there were 2.67 privately insured individuals for every average daily uninsured person, the $285 translates into only $107 per privately uninsured individual. Thus, if we had covered every single uninsured person in America, the most a family of four could have expected to see in premium savings would have been $428 (about 2.6 percent of the average family premium according to the Kaiser/HRET survey). Given that Obamacare covers less than half the uninsured, the savings at best for such a family would add up to $214 in 2013 (i.e., magically assuming Obamacare were fully in place right now) or about 1.3% of premiums. So Obamacare essentially is imposing premium increases that in some cases amount to double and triple digits to solve a problem that was increasing private insurance premiums by about 1.3%.
The Washington Post less charitably awarded candidate Obama's original promise Two Pinocchios (“Significant omissions or exaggerations”).
Alert readers will recognize the president made a very similar claim in his most recent State of the Union message—that his laundry list of spending proposals would not add “one dime” to the deficit. The president's fondness for the "single dime" phrase is neatly codified in this video.
As the independent, nonprofit, nonpartisan Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget put it: “It’s easy to say that the alternative fiscal scenario is probably a lot closer to where we are going, even if it has some flaws.” Or as Medicare’s own actuary has pointed out: “the projections shown in the report under current law are clearly unrealistic with respect to physician expenditures and, in addition, may well understate expenditures for most other categories of health care providers” (emphasis added).
As one measure of how badly the promise was broken, the long-run $6.2 trillion Obamacare deficit alone will increase the $10.6 trillion in debt the president inherited upon taking office in January 2009 by 58%.
These are known as "rescissions." Wharton School insurance professor Scott Harrington has exposed the rather flagrant truth-twisting President Obama engaged in when describing this practice in his speech before a joint session of Congress. Rescissions are far less common than the public has been led to believe--less than 1/2% of the millions of private health insurance policies sold every year.
18.3% of covered workers are in firms with fewer than 50 workers, according to Kaiser/HRET. There are 156 million non-elderly with employer-based coverage, according to March 2013 Current Population Survey. Thus, assuming that small firm workers have the same number of covered dependents as large-firm workers, the total number with small-group coverage would be 28.5 million. This is a conservative estimate since the Kaiser figures excludes firms with 1-2 employees.\
The assertion that eventually all plans will lose their grandfather status comes from the federal government’s own fact sheet on grandfathered health plans!
I have argued elsewhere (long before the botched rollout of the Obamacare exchanges) that it is unlikely Obamacare will enhance President Obama's legacy.
Sadly, until and unless President Obama is able and willing to open his eyes to the enormous damage being caused by his signature domestic policy achievement, we are stuck with this lemon until he exits the Oval Office. | <urn:uuid:741d4d0c-198f-4ce6-8872-0a15d3fbbce2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/theapothecary/2013/10/21/health-reform-breaks-bad-the-deceptions-and-disasters-of-obamacare/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00264.warc.gz | en | 0.964722 | 6,857 | 1.695313 | 2 |
The small city of Yanai in Yamaguchi Prefecture is famous for its lanterns, but they're a little different to many lanterns you've likely seen in the past. The lanterns here are shaped like goldfish, and you'll see them displayed outside shops, restaurants, and even personal residences in the area.
The unique lanterns are said to have first been created by a Yanai merchant in the Edo period who was said to have been inspired by lanterns at Aomori's Hirosaki Neputa Festival, and the rest is history.
An annual festival takes place in August to celebrate Yanai's longstanding tradition, with numerous goldfish lanterns decorating the JR Yanai Station and Shirakabe no Machi areas. As this year is the event's first return since the COVID era, it will be held on a smaller scale than in previous iterations – the usual fireworks and traditional dancing won't be held for 2022. | <urn:uuid:2e73b1d5-d341-4ac9-bc56-45d921e0c878> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://en.japantravel.com/yamaguchi/yanai-goldfish-lantern-festival/69136 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.970428 | 195 | 1.945313 | 2 |
Lessons from a Tragedy
The tragic death last week of a one-year-old baby girl in Ashdod triggered tense confrontations between chareidi demonstrators and police in Ashdod and Meah Shearim.
Southern District Attorney Iska Leibowitz initially insisted on nothing less than a full autopsy, after the infant lost consciousness from a high fever and died. But the familiar scenario of confrontations over autopsies had a new twist this time. Leading rabbonim reached an agreement with the police, under which the police agreed to rely upon blood samples, spinal fluids, and x-rays, in place of an autopsy.
Before those tests could be performed, however, unknown parties cut their way through the metal bars on the window of the room in which the infant’s body was being held, and took it for burial.
In the past, those who succeeded in thwarting the police and spiriting the body away would have achieved folk hero status in parts of the chareidi community, and, could have counted on not being censured in the mainstream chareidi press. Not so this time.
The two-page report in Mishpacha’s Hebrew newspaper was typical of the chareidi press. The story quoted only those who opposed the snatching of the body. More than once the demonstrators were referred to as outsiders from Jerusalem and Ramat Beit Shemesh. Even more surprising, the police were described as having acted with great restraint and even “silk gloves.”
The report stressed that the local rabbis, including the heads of both the Belz and Gerrer communities, had requested the demonstrators to disperse while negotiations were ongoing with the police. Those demonstrations, according to the Mishpacha reporter, provided the cover for those who succeeded in breaking into the room in the local cemetery where the body was being kept.
In addition, local activists were quoted as fearful that the snatching of the baby’s body would damage the trust painstakingly built up between local rabbis and the police over a period of time, and ultimately result in dozens of autopsies that could have been avoided in an atmosphere of trust.
A beeper message sent in the name of the BaDaTz and the rabbonim of Jerusalem and Ashdod called upon all those with knowledge of the whereabouts of the infant’s body to make every effort to return her to the family and warned that the taking of the body could only result in Chilul Hashem and damage to the cause of all those involved in the struggle for kavod hameis (the honor of the dead).
The refusal to portray the events in Ashdod last week as a black and white morality tale – i.e., a clash between law enforcement authorities totally insensitive to the concerns of halacha and heroic defenders of the faith — attests to a certain maturation on the part of our community. From what one can garner from the news reports in the chareidi press, the local rabbinic authorities in Ashdod never suggested to the police that they had no legitimate interest in ascertaining the cause of death. Rather they sought a way to reconcile the requirements of halacha with the interests of the law enforcement authorities.
BUT WHY exactly did the police have any interest in a tragic death where there was not a shred of evidence of parental abuse? The baby lost consciousness after running a high fever, something that likely happens hundreds of times a day around the world.
Apparently the police had suspicions that the baby’s parents had not followed a doctor’s standard prescription of antibiotics to treat an infection, and had instead relied on an unlicensed alternative healer to cure her.
I have absolutely no idea whether those suspicions are justified, and pray that they are not. But the general issue of whether our community is too credulous when it comes to every form of alternative medicine is one deserving of discussion.
We are all fond of quoting Chazal’s statement “the best of the doctors go to Gehinnom.” And few of us will reach middle age without a horror story or two concerning the hubris of doctors who thought they knew everything and failed their patients on that account. At the same time, the Torah explicitly mandates that a person pay the medical expenses of someone he has wrongfully injured. And when a great Torah figure is in a life-threatening situation, we can be sure that someone will pay to fly the top specialists to his bedside.
A healthy skepticism about the all-knowingness of Western doctors is warranted. But too frequently the flip side of that skepticism is too great credulity about “alternative” treatments that are founded on no empirically tested scientific theory and buttressed by no clinical tests. I remember Rabbi Nachman Bulman, zt”l, once commenting to me about someone he observed going from one alternative remedy to another that such behavior had the taint of avodah zara about it.
He was not referring to the fact that many alternative healing regimes have their roots in actual avodah zara, but to the willingness to leap at every new therapy – the more preposterous the better. As the wisest of all men put it, “A fool believes in everything” (Mishlei 14:15).
Of course, it is unfair to lump all forms of alternative medicine together. There is obviously a big difference between going to a Harvard-trained doctor, who davens next to you, and uses acupuncture techniques that have been applied to hundreds of millions of Chinese over a millennia, and going to someone who claims that his body’s electro-magnetic waves have magical healing powers. And modern medicine is just beginning to tap the curative powers of traditional folk remedies. The discovery of quinine to treat malaria, for instance, is but one famous example.
Torah Jews base their lives upon their intense belief in Hashem, Whose existence cannot be demonstrated by our five senses. Sometimes that leads us to the logical fallacy of concluding therefore that the less empirically supported or scientifically-based a particular therapy is the better.
That can be a fatal fallacy.
Originally published in Mishpacha Magazine June 7 | <urn:uuid:9470e113-f766-42db-8cc2-bdf0ebbc3d7f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cross-currents.com/2006/06/07/lessons-from-a-tragedy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.965019 | 1,289 | 1.679688 | 2 |
“This engaging biography will take you through the saints life of selfless service, her childhood, her inspirations and her battles as she set out to aid the poor and the homeless on the streets of Calcutta.”
NO MAJOR SPOILERS
This is the first of a series by Sonia Mehta designed to introduce children to the heroes and heroines of India. Perhaps it makes sense on the heels of Mother Teresa’s canonization to begin with the story of India’s first Catholic saint. Mehta starts her book with the young Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu and her brother and sister. Agnes was the youngest of three and she was born in pre World War 1 Albania.
Mehta lays out her text in easy to read sentences with interesting facts that most children – in fact most adults possibly may not know, like the fact that Mother Teresa considered her true birthday to be the day she was received into the Church and not the day she was actually born.
She also puts a historical perspective to the European scenario of the time, the religious squabbles and the reasons behind World War 1. And to make Mother Teresa more relatable to, she also adds that Agnes and her sister sang in the Church choir.
Mother Teresa’s life and commitment to her cause are laid out simply so that it is easy to take in and accentuated by black and white illustrations.
One can see this series gradually becoming part of school texts and being memorised by the younger classes. For adults it makes a quick refresher course of the main details of the Mother’s life and work in Calcutta and the people she met and who came to help her. Not to mention the price of the straight from the loom blue bordered white saris that have gradually become the colours of Calcutta.
Added 2nd September 2017 | <urn:uuid:04af2374-7524-4c6e-aa03-063a435cb41d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://forreadingaddicts.co.uk/book-reviews/sonia-mehta-junior-lives-mother-teresa/?doing_wp_cron=1660002259.1361739635467529296875 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.970138 | 401 | 2.78125 | 3 |
Obstacles Remain To Connecting FoodShare Users With Farmers' Markets
It's the time of year to celebrate the luscious flavors of Wisconsin summers — cherry tomatoes, sweet corn, zucchini and more. Farmers' markets are a great place to obtain affordable, seasonal and healthy produce, but not all Wisconsinites have the ability to purchase these fresh foods.
Approximately one in nine Wisconsin households is food insecure, meaning they have uncertain access to adequate safe, affordable and culturally relevant food to support an active, healthy life, according to the U..S. Department of Agriculture. On a basic level, access to healthy foods is a function of price and economic supports that bolster overall household income like the earned income tax credit and childcare subsidies. But other factors also influence this access, including availability, product placement and promotion are also important in describing a local food environment.
Good nutrition is vital for health. Diet is a known modifiable risk factor, along with smoking and physical activity, contributing to health problems such as heart disease, Type 2 diabetes, cancer and obesity. When compared to current recommendations for optimal dietary patterns to promote health, most Americans have room to improve. Income differences are a factor in nutrition, however — the diets of Americans with who make more money are healthier than low-wage earners.
Limited household earnings present challenges to achieving a healthy diet for a number of reasons. In many cases, healthier foods cost more or are not as readily accessible or available in low-income communities.
Evidence suggests that farmers' markets increase access to healthy foods, especially fruits and vegetables. Research conducted by University of Wisconsin-Extension specialists found that access to healthier foods, including farmers' markets, mitigated some of the negative impacts on health attributed to poverty in rural counties. However just the presence of a farmers' market in a community may not be sufficient to augment healthy food access for all community residents.
The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, known colloquially as food stamps, is the largest food assistance program in the U.S. Administered in partnership between states and the federal government, it helps people with limited money buy the food they need for good nutrition. Benefits can be used to purchase breads and cereals, fruits and vegetables, meats, fish and poultry, dairy products, and seeds and plants to grow food. Called FoodShare in Wisconsin, the program assists approximately 13 percent of the state's population; among recipients in the state, 43 percent are under the age of 18. Some evidence suggests that certain aspects of the diets of SNAP participants improve as a result of receiving this assistance.
In recent years, the USDA has prioritized expanding healthy food access through farmers' markets to those participating in SNAP. For example, the city of Madison recently received a USDA Food Insecurity Nutritional Incentive grant to offer a dollar for dollar match for FoodShare participants; this program follows a 2013 pilot project in the city that was funded by hospitals and a health insurance company. For SNAP participants to utilize their monthly benefits at a farmers' market, an individual vendor or entire market must be authorized by the USDA to accept electronic benefits transfer cards. Once authorized, farmers' markets must acquire point-of-sale terminals or devices that are able to read the EBT cards.
The USDA offers financial resources for supporting and promoting farmers' markets as sources for healthy food. In 2014, UW-Extension's Family Living Programs received a two-year Farmers Market Promotion Program grant from the USDA to explore barriers faced by FoodShare participants to getting food at Wisconsin farmers' markets. Examples of barriers faced by SNAP participants to shopping at a farmers' market includes travel distance, convenience and prices of products available. The original motivation for the grant proposal, called "Extending Reach of Electronic Benefits Transfer (EBT) at Wisconsin Farmers Markets," was to better understand how to support and sustain ongoing growth in SNAP redemption at farmers' markets.
The number of farmers' markets authorized to accept FoodShare continues to grow, but Wisconsin has lagged behind other states in recent years. The USDA reported that in the federal fiscal year 2015 (October 2014 - September 2015), redemption of SNAP benefits at farmers' markets and through direct marketing by farmers in Wisconsin totaled $248,834 – a 46 percent increase since 2012. But despite substantial increases in total SNAP redemption over a three-year period, sales decreased slightly over the previous year. The fiscal year 2014 economic impact of SNAP redemption at farmers' markets and by direct marketing farmers in Wisconsin was $249,282.
As part of its USDA grant efforts, UW-Extension's project collected information from 272 FoodShare participants in five counties (Rock, Milwaukee, Brown, Portage and Wood) with active EBT programs at farmers' markets. The purpose was to learn directly from FoodShare participants about their experiences with farmers' markets, including barriers to shopping at these venues.
Preliminary analysis of this research found that a majority of survey respondents were not aware they could use their FoodShare benefits to shop at farmers' markets in their communities. Among those who knew of this option, word-of-mouth promotion was the primary source of awareness. Survey respondents overwhelmingly indicated that receiving extra money as a result of using FoodShare, such as the city of Madison's new incentive program, would make them more likely to shop at farmers' markets. Another motivating factor for shopping at these markets would be free activities for kids. In response to these findings, the project is testing strategies to increase social capital and community connections in support of increasing FoodShare participants' access to farmers' markets.
At a national level, the National Farmers Market Coalition serves as an information center and advocate for farmers' markets, and seeks to foster state and regional farmers' market associations. The group organizes National Farmers Market Week each August and provides information to help community groups promote access to this source of local, healthy foods.
Farmers' markets provide opportunities to teach people about nutrition and encourage healthier habits. Research shows that individuals shopping at farmers markets consume more fruits and vegetables. From a healthy food access perspective, spreading the word about the ability to use FoodShare at farmers' markets could pay off in long-term health benefits.
Amber Canto is state coordinator of the Wisconsin Nutrition Education Program and principal investigator of the Extending Reach of Electronic Benefits Transfer at Wisconsin Farmers Markets research project. | <urn:uuid:f2034536-2bfd-4f9b-9a87-08b948306624> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wiscontext.org/obstacles-remain-connecting-foodshare-users-farmers-markets | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.958064 | 1,288 | 2.984375 | 3 |
Neuropathy is a condition that often affects your extremities and can cause problems with sensation and feeling in your feet. If you have neuropathy, Jose F. Hilario, DPM, PA, has the answers to all of your questions about the condition. Along with his team, Dr. Hilario provides evidence-based and compassionate care at his Converse, Texas office, serving the communities of Converse, Live Oak, Schertz, and San Antonio, Texas. Call the office today or book an appointment using the website to schedule a consultation with Dr. Hilario.
Neuropathy refers to a condition that occurs when the nerves in your peripheral nervous system become damaged. The peripheral nerves travel to both your arms, hands, legs and feet.
The damage to the nerves in neuropathy causes improper nerve functioning. This can lead to numerous issues, including nerve pain, neuromas, and decreased feeling in the legs and feet.
The most common and frequent cause of neuropathy is diabetes. This condition is characterized by higher-than-normal blood glucose levels, which damage your body's nerves over time. However, there are other causes of neuropathy, some of which include:
Alcoholism and advanced age can also play a role in your chances of developing neuropathy. While it isn’t always preventable, you can slow diabetic neuropathy by maintaining normal blood sugar levels.
The symptoms of neuropathy vary, depending on the nerves affected by the disease and the severity of the condition. However, there are common signs and symptoms, some of which include:
The changes in sensation may lead to other problems, such as foot ulcers or neuromas. You may also notice the pain is very intense because of the damage to the nerves. Nerve pain is a common symptom of neuropathy and can lead to disability in many cases.
A neuroma is a type of benign nerve growth located between your third and fourth toes. It’s sometimes called a “pinched nerve,” but it is a ball of nerve tissue that grows abnormally.
A neuroma can be present when you have neuropathy but can also be caused by trauma or wearing tight-fitting shoes. The neuroma can be very painful and cause problems walking or wearing shoes in general.
The symptoms of a neuroma are similar to those of neuropathy. Typically, there is usually pain between the toes, along with tingling and numbness in your foot. If you’re suffering from any type of nerve pain, Dr. Hilario offers treatments like custom orthotics and medication to ease your symptoms.
To learn more about treating your nerve pain, call the office in Converse, Texas, today or book an appointment on the website. | <urn:uuid:f704a98c-75ed-48f3-968d-ba3816c53f22> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://stopthefootpaintx.com/service/neuropathy | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573908.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820043108-20220820073108-00264.warc.gz | en | 0.960496 | 566 | 2.84375 | 3 |
Individual differences |
Methods | Statistics | Clinical | Educational | Industrial | Professional items | World psychology |
Driving in traffic is more than just knowing how to operate the mechanisms which control the vehicle; it requires knowing how to apply the rules of the road (which govern safe and efficient sharing with other users). An effective driver also has an intuitive understanding of the basics of vehicle handling.
Driving as a physical skill
In terms of the basic physical tasks required, a driver must be able to control direction, acceleration, and deceleration. For motor vehicles, the detailed tasks include:
- Starting the vehicle's engine with the starting system
- Setting the transmission to the correct gear
- Depressing the pedals with one's feet to accelerate, slow, and stop the vehicle, and if the vehicle is equipped with a manual transmission, to modulate the clutch
- Steering the vehicle's direction with the steering wheel
- Operating other important ancillary devices such as the indicators, headlights, and windshield wipers
Driving as a mental skill
Driver error is an important factor in driving accidents, a primary factor in the deaths of over a million people every year. Avoiding such error involves more than just following the rules of the road literally; defensive driving also involves the cultivation of good habits, maintaining attention and a thoughtful, cooperative attitude.
Avoiding or successfully handling an emergency driving situation can involve the following skills:
- Making good decisions based on factors such as road and traffic conditions
- Evasive maneuvering
- Proper hand placement and seating position
- Skid control
- Steering and braking techniques
- Understanding vehicle dynamics
Distractions can compromise a driver's mental skills. One study on the subject of mobile phones and driving safety concluded that, after controlling for driving difficulty and time on task, drivers talking on a phone exhibited greater impairment than drivers who were suffering from alcohol intoxication.
Another survey indicated that music could affect a driver's concentration.
- Aggressive driving
- Defensive driving
- Driver behavior
- Driver education
- Driver's license
- Driving pleasure
- Driving under the influence
- Graduated driver licensing
- Highway safety
- Motor traffic accidents
- Mobile phones and driving safety
- Pedestrian accidents
- Road safety
- Road rage
- Safety belts
- Sleep Deprived Driving
- Traffic sign
- Getting moving. Driving Test Advice.
- Think driving is all about practical skills?. Easy to Drive.
- Strayer, David; Drews, Frank; Crouch, Dennis (2003), FATAL DISTRACTION? A COMPARISON OF THE CELL-PHONE DRIVER AND THE DRUNK DRIVER, University of Utah Department of Psychology, http://www.psych.utah.edu/AppliedCognitionLab/DrivingAssessment2003.pdf
- Hard-Rock and Classic Music Could Lead to Road Accidents, New Survey Says
- Tips For Winter Driving by David Maillie
- Driving research wiki. Simulator Users Group. URL accessed on 2008-01-20.
|This page uses Creative Commons Licensed content from Wikipedia (view authors).| | <urn:uuid:54b8e452-43b0-4c28-a427-4c44c162fb52> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://psychology.fandom.com/wiki/Driving_behavior | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.900137 | 712 | 3.578125 | 4 |
Illegal dumping is the placing of waste onto public or private land without license, permit, or approval to do so. It extends from dropping paper or cigarette butts onto the ground in public urban areas such as parks and beaches, to dumping large items in remote bushland.
The illegal dumping of rubbish and unwanted goods presents enormous problems to Sydney and its metropolitan area, from Manly to Kogarah. It is an issue which presents environmental, social and economic implications. The City of Sydney is committed to stamping out illegal dumping practices as they:
- Waste resources which could otherwise be reused or recycled
- Pollute the stormwater system and consequently our waterways
- May present danger to humans and animals (for example, hazardous waste such as batteries and asbestos; bio-hazardous waste such as used needles)
- Attracts vermin such as rats, mice, and insects such as cockroaches and maggots
- Looks unsightly and smells pungent
- Impedes safe passage of pedestrians and cyclists
- Presents financial burdens on Councils and rate paying citizens
There is never any need to illegally dump unwanted items anywhere, particularly not in the Sydney Metropolitan Area. From Manly and the Northern Beaches to Caringbah; from Watson’s Bay to Parramatta, there are plenty of better options for responsible waste disposal, including:
- Weekly general waste council collections
- Fortnightly household recycling council collections
- Fortnightly green waste council collections
- Bi-annual council kerbside cleanups
- E-waste drop-off days
- Annual Chemical Clean Outs
- Local initiatives for reuse, recycling, and waste disposal
- Private contractors like AA Adonis Rubbish Removal services, who provide a to-your-door rubbish collection service which is environmentally responsible and competitively priced.
- Report abandoned shopping trolleys in your area to Trolley Tracker
- Never dispose of sharps anywhere but in a sharps bin. If no other options exist, label and use an empty laundry detergent bottle. Seal the lid and take it to your pharmacy for proper disposal.
- Always dispose of chewing gum in a bin.
- Never dispose of waste, including chemicals, into a waterway or drain.
- Never leave unwanted goods on a random kerbside; never place household rubbish bags in public bins. | <urn:uuid:1c9a492d-d564-4aa1-ae34-45b670468273> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.aaadonisrubbishremovals.com.au/the-issue-of-illegal-dumping-in-sydney/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.917428 | 491 | 2.734375 | 3 |
Nigeria shows biometric flexibility, slow progress on voter registers continues across Africa
Biometric voting, and the registration required, are once again proving problematic in several African countries. Somalia will miss its target of a November election as it has been unable to put into place election infrastructure or register its people. In Ghana, the plan to populate a new biometric register is continuing to spark controversy with legal challenges and observers deployed to registration centers. Meanwhile Lagos is attempting video conferencing to verify identity and perform liveness checks on its pensioners, and Gambia releases a progress report on its ID issuance.
Somalia: Call for deferred biometric election in 2021
Political differences, flooding, COVID-19 and insecurity have led to the Somalia National Independent Electoral Commission announcing that the upcoming parliamentary and presidential elections will not take place in November as scheduled, reports VOA.
The chair of the NIEC, Halima Ismail Ibrahim (named Halima Yarey in other reports), said the biometric registration necessary could not be completed in time, nor could other aspects of election logistics such as registering candidates and parties.
Although around six million Somalis are eligible to vote, the commission only had a registration target of three million. The chair has said another 13 months are required, meaning a date in August 2021, though a cheaper, quicker alternative with manual registration could be achieved in nine months. This would require parliamentary approval.
Radio Shabelle reports that the UN has called on the country’s leaders to reach a consensus on the issue.
This would be the first ‘one person, one vote’ election since 1969 and the first with universal suffrage for over two decades since the civil war that was triggered by the collapse of the government in 1992.
The last poll was in February 2017 where MPs voted in fortified airport buildings in the capital Mogadishu.
Ghana: Biometric voter registration update – High Court, stranded citizens and breakdowns
Ghana’s High Court has dismissed another call to stop work going ahead on a new voter register. The Ghanainan Times reports that motion filed by an MP who want the court to recognize that the existing register is valid until the Parliament revokes it. Like similar cases, this was rejected.
The Coalition of Domestic Election Observers is deploying 100 observers to monitor voter registration, reports Modern Ghana. Meanwhile some Ghanaians are asking for ways to be able to register abroad to vote on their return. Trapped abroad due to the coronavirus, they argue they have the required ID to register.
And a breakdown of voter registration equipment was reported in Oda, Easter Region, where it took an hour to register just two people.
Nigeria: Lagos takes biometric verification for pensioners online
The annual biometric and facial verification of pensioners called ‘I Am Alive’ has gone online this year in Lagos due to efforts maintain social distancing, reports the The Daily Trust. Pensioners would usually present themselves at the local government offices, but this year government staff will conduct interviews via video conferencing platforms such as Skype and Zoom.
PM Newswire reports that government staff will verify the retirees’ identity and documents via the calls, which will also include a liveness test.
Gambia: 232,000 biometric ID cards issued since 2018
Since the new card was introduced in October 2018, 232,721 biometric ID cards have been issued, generating over D100 million ($2 million), reports Foroyaa.
Another 200,000 are expected by the end of 2020 as four new centers are opened. Semlex has the contract and currently produces only at its local HQ in Kanifing. A minister is reported to have said that 60 percent of the fees go to Semlex and 40 percent to the state.
The progress means around 10 percent of the population has been registered, though 61 percent of recipients are male.
Opinion & Reports
Kenya: The ambition and risk of Huduma Namba
A one-stop timeline and general overview of Kenya’s controversial digital identity scheme from a legal perspective, with links to many of the important articles written on the subject around the world. The report is compiled by Ikigai Law, a New Delhi-based firm which specializes in new technologies.
Africa: A model for Europe?
Africa could be a model for Europe in areas of the digital economy, identity and data sovereignty, argues Lionel Baraban, CEO of Famoco, which provides remote devices for payments and biometric verification. The latest article for ID4Africa states “it is not only a technological revolution that is happening in Africa like anywhere else but rather the way African people are applying innovation and implementing it to their day to day usage that is disrupting.”
News in Brief & Updates
Link – South Africa: Our coverage of South Africa’s FlowCentric and Eldir jointly developing a facial recognition and thermal detection solution for screening to help businesses get back to work after COVID-19 lockdowns are eased.
In brief – Burkina Faso: Biometric voter registration is to resume in Sidéradougou after it was previously stopped over insecurity in March. The district has around 63,000 potential new voters and is part of the southwestern Comoé region, bordering Côte d’Ivoire. The presidential and national assembly elections are due on November 22.
In brief – Nigeria: BVN has been used in assigning farming inputs in Anambra. 535 maize farmers received $230,000 of inputs from the Central Bank Anchor Borrowers Programme although farmers were initially reluctant to provide their BVN.
Link – World/Rwanda: Our coverage of ID2020 naming Zaka Group as another partner for user empowerment and privacy protection. The company operates around the world including voice biometrics in Rwanda for customer verification.
Link – Zimbabwe, Belt & Road: Our coverage of how the smart city surveillance apparatus developed in China is spreading along the Belt and Road trade initiative routes including in Zimbabwe.
Africa | biometric identification | biometrics | digital identity | elections | Famoco | Ghana | Huduma Namba | identity document | identity verification | Kenya | national ID | Nigeria | online authentication | Semlex | Somalia | The Gambia | voter registration | <urn:uuid:2b0a2c09-71eb-46f7-971a-7ad352adf9b1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.biometricupdate.com/202007/nigeria-shows-biometric-flexibility-slow-progress-on-voter-registers-continues-across-africa | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.951914 | 1,310 | 1.929688 | 2 |
Edward Bruce landed in Larne, in modern-day Co Antrim, on 26 May 1315. In early June, Donall Ó Néill of Tyrone and some twelve fellow northern Kings and lords met Edward Bruce at Carrickfergus and swore fealty to him as King of Ireland. Edward held the town of Carrickfergus, but was unable to take the Castle. His army continued to spread south, through the Moyry Pass to take Dundalk.
Outside the town of Dundalk, Bruce encountered an army led by John FitzThomas FitzGerald, 4th Lord of Offaly, his son-in-law Edmund Butler, Earl of Carrick and Maurice FitzGerald, 4th Baron Desmond. The Scottish push them back towards Dundalk and on 29 June lay waste to the town and its inhabitants.
By 22 July Edmund Butler, the Justicier in Dublin, assembled an army from Munster and Leinster to join Richard Óg de Burgh, 2nd Earl of Ulster to fight Bruce. De Burgh refused to let the government troop into Ulster, fearing widespread damage to his land. Bruce was able to exploit their dispute and defeat them separately.
Bruce slowly retreated north, drawing de Burgh in pursuit. Bruce and his O’Neill allies sacked Coleraine, destroying the bridge over the River Bann to delay pursuit. Edward sent word to Fedlimd Ó Conchobair that he would support his position as king in Connacht if he would withdraw. He sent the same message to rival claimant Ruaidri mac Cathal Ua Conchobair. Cathal immediately returned home, raised a rebellion and declared himself king. De Burgh’s Connacht allies under Felim then followed as Felim left to defend his throne. Edward’s force then crossed the Bann in boats, and attacked. The Earl of Ulster withdrew to Connor.
The armies met in Connor on 10 September 1315. The superior force of Bruce and his Irish allies defeated the depleted Ulster forces. The capture of Connor permitted Bruce to re-supply his army for the coming winter from the stores the Earl of Ulster had assembled at Connor. Earl’s cousin, William de Burgh, was captured, as well as, other lords and their heirs. Most of his army retreated to the Castle of Carrickfergus, which the pursuing Scots put under siege. The Earl of Ulster managed to return to Connacht.
The government forces under Butler did not engage Bruce, allowing him to consolidate his hold in Ulster. His occupation of Ulster encouraged risings in Meath and Connacht, further weakening de Burgh. Despite this, and another Scottish/Irish victory at the Battle of Skerries, the campaign was to be defeated at the Battle of Faughart. | <urn:uuid:f7e8f54f-c882-4916-918b-009d32601769> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://stairnaheireann.net/2022/06/29/otd-in-1315-the-irish-annals-state-that-edward-de-brus-took-the-hostages-and-lordship-of-the-whole-province-of-ulster-without-opposition-and-they-consented-to-him-being-proclaimed-king-of/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.973364 | 580 | 2.984375 | 3 |
Once the land was covered in ice. The ice was everywhere and it was cold and dark. But things lived on the land. They lived above the ice, under the ice and in the ice. In one of these places was a place where lots of Penguins lived. They called “Fluff Town”, because the snow there was especially soft and fluffy.
In Fluff Town there were many Penguin nests and in each nest there were eggs.
One day, one of the eggs hatched. The baby was a fluffy fuzzy little Penguin. All baby Penguins are fluffy and fuzzy, but this one was incredibly fluffy and fuzzy, so the Penguins named him “Fluffy”.
The next day, another egg hatched and another fluffy fuzzy little Penguin was born. She was incredibly fluffy and fuzzy, but she was tiny and pretty like a princess so the Penguins named her “Queen”. | <urn:uuid:741bb954-1cf7-461c-9ff3-b72d143770d6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://fluffypengu.com/hello-world/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573908.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820043108-20220820073108-00264.warc.gz | en | 0.993254 | 184 | 3.234375 | 3 |
The results of Pew Research Center’s first poll on abortion since Roe was overturned came out today, revealing, unsurprisingly, that the majority of Americans do not agree with the Supreme Court’s decision to tear down the landmark case, which found abortion to be a constitutional right in the U.S. nearly 50 years ago.
The percentage of Americans who don’t support the death of Roe hasn’t shifted much since Pew conducted its last poll on the issue — 62 percent, overall, said abortion should be legal in most or all cases.
But interestingly, a slim majority disagree with the Supreme Court even in the states that have outlawed abortion in recent days and in states where lawmakers are scrambling to pass new restrictions and bans in the wake of Roe’s demise.
(Pew based its assessment of the status of abortion legislation in various states on the New York Times’ tracker.)
Here’s the breakdown:
In the 17 states where abortion is either newly banned or may soon be, adults surveyed were divided almost 50-50 — 52 percent indicated they disapproved of the SCOTUS decision. Pew surveyed 6,174 Americans between June 27 and July 4 to gather this data.
The percentage was the same in the four states — Florida, Georgia, Ohio and South Carolina — that either have new weeks-related restrictions on the books or are about to, with 52 percent disagreeing with the decision to strike down Roe. Pew also broke down respondents’ opinions in states where things are still up in the air, “in which further action may be taken in the near term by state governors, legislatures or public referendum,” in Pew’s words. In the nine states that fall into that category, opinions were similarly split.
And 65 percent of adults surveyed in states where abortion is legal up to 24 weeks disapproved of the ruling, which is closer to the national average.
The divide among respondents in states scrambling to outlaw abortion could prove consequential, though the extent to which it will is still murky. My colleague Kate Riga has a story today looking at Kansas, a state that, as of 2021 saw the majority of its residents (60 percent) disagreeing with efforts to make abortion completely illegal there. About 50 percent of respondents to that same poll agreed that the state government “should not place any regulations on the circumstance under which women can get abortions.”
As Kate reported, anti-abortion advocates in the state have succeeded in getting a question on the ballot in Kansas’ upcoming August primary that would, if approved, change the language of the Kansas state constitution, which, the state Supreme Court recently found, currently protects the right to an abortion. Abortion supporters are scrambling to turn out voters to repel the Republicans’ attempt to change the state constitution, including encouraging the wide swath of Kansans who don’t traditionally participate in primary election to vote against the measure. (More from Kate here.)
Texas could find itself in a similarly interesting situation. There’s been some new polling out of the Texas Politics Project at the University of Texas at Austin that shows incumbent Republican Gov. Greg Abbott’s lead over Democratic challenger Beto O’Rourke is narrowing, down to just six points. As the Texas Tribune has reported in recent weeks, Abbott’s extreme views on abortion (plus his handling of the Robb Elementary School mass shooting massacre) might be playing a role in O’Rourke’s current standing.
It’s also a state where the reality of extreme restrictions on abortion access have had more time to settle in among voters. Abortion post-six weeks has been banned in Texas since last fall, after Republicans in the state legislature passed a first-of-its-kind bounty hunter style abortion ban, that puts the enforcement of the restriction into the hands of private citizens. We’ve seen copy-cat proposals pop up in red states ever since.
Another recent Texas Politics Project poll found that just 15 percent of respondents in the state support banning abortion entirely. Per the Texas Politics Project: “While 37% of Texas voters say that they support ‘trigger law’ that would ban abortion in most cases in Texas in the wake of the Supreme Court’s ruling, no more than 36% would foreclose all access to legal abortion across a range of circumstances.”
The Best Of TPM Today
Here’s what you should read this evening:
More on those Fulton County subpoenas: What Lindsey Graham Did In Georgia To Keep Trump In Power
The latest from Kate Riga: Kansas Republicans Scheduled Big Abortion Vote For Low-Turnout Primaries. Will It Backfire?
From ProPublica: DOJ Investigating Texas’ Operation Lone Star
Yesterday’s Most Read Story
What We Are Reading
Could John Fetterman Shitpost His Way to the Senate? — Ursula Perano
The Proud Boys Have Only Become More Central to GOP Politics Since Jan. 6 — Rachel Kleinfeld | <urn:uuid:e629013f-4679-4464-bcb8-2eb256fdcadf> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://talkingpointsmemo.com/edblog/states-scrambling-ban-abortion-majority-dont-agree-scotus-roe-texas-kansas | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.940628 | 1,031 | 1.570313 | 2 |
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How to Join an Ecovillage or Intentional Community
Finding community is as critical as obtaining food and shelter, since the need to belong is what makes us human. The isolation and loneliness of modern life have led many people to search for deeper connection, which has resulted in a renewed interest in intentional communities. These intentional communities or ecovillages are an appealing choice for like-minded people who seek to create a family-oriented and ecologically sustainable lifestyle-a lifestyle they are unlikely to find anywhere else.
However, the notion of an intentional community can still be a tremendous leap for some-deterred perhaps by a misguided vision of eking out a hardscrabble existence with little reward. In fact, successful ecovillages thrive because of the combined skills and resources of their members.
Finding Community presents a thorough overview of ecovillages and intentional communities and offers solid advice on how to research thoroughly, visit thoughtfully, evaluate intelligently and join gracefully. Useful considerations include:
- important questions to ask (of members and of yourself)
- signs of a healthy (and not-so-healthy) community
- cost of joining (and staying)
- common blunders to avoid.
Finding Community provides intriguing possibilities to readers who are seeking a more cooperative, sustainable and meaningful life.
Diana Leafe Christian is the author of Creating a Life Together and editor of Communities magazine. She lives at Earthhaven Ecovillage in North Carolina.
"Open-hearted and hard-headed in equal measure—and with a delicious sense of humor —Diana Leafe Christian takes the reader on a comprehensive tour of the world of ecovillages and intentional communities.This is the volume for those exploring the options and willing to learn from those who have already trodden the path.There could be no better guide on the path of exploring this lifestyle."
Jonathan Dawson, president,Global Ecovillage Network; author, Ecovillages: New Frontiers for Sustainability
"When you combine encyclopedic knowledge plus wry humor plus a realistic assessment of what the future holds for all of us, you get the wise advice in Finding Community. In a world after fossil fuels, it can extend the keys to your next car, your next house, and the rest of your life. If there is a silver lining to the clouds on the horizon, it will be found in the redesign of human communities.No one knows this subject better than Diana Leafe Christian.To a troubled world, here is the core of the solution."
Albert Bates, co-founder,Global Ecovillage Network;author, The Post-Petroleum Survival Guide and Cookbook
"Through long experience and sheer social honesty, Diana Leafe Christian offers essential resources for and catalogs the oh-so-many pitfalls as well as delights of visiting and joining a community. Finding Community is like having an explorer's compass and a roll of charts under your arm as you embark upon unknown waters.All the more important to learn these essentials before you're out at sea."
Richard Register, author, Ecocities: Rebuilding Cities in Balance with Nature ; president, Ecocity Builders; founder, International Ecocity Conferences
"Diana Leafe Christian has done it again! Her First book, Creating a Life Together, has become something of a bible for would-be community founders. Finding Community promises to be just as important.Thoughtful, thorough, and engaging, and enlivened by stories from the trenches of real community life, it's a must-read for anyone seriously seeking community."
Liz Walker, author, EcoVillage at Ithaca: Pioneering a Sustainable Culture ; cofounder and director,EcoVillage at Ithaca
"This charming and commonsensical guide to approaching intentional group living should be read by every serious community-seeker. It offers an amazingly knowledgeable perspective, warmly sympathetic but sometimes wryly humorous toward both communities and those who visit and join them."
Ernest Callenbach, author, Ecotopia
"An amazing, comprehensive, collaborative and kaleidoscopic achievement! By showing community seekers practical living examples of cohousing projects, ecovillages,and other intentional communities, Finding Community has the potential to change the suburban way of life and help North America reconcile its ecological footprint."
Professor Declan Kennedy, architect, and member of Lebensgarten Ecovillage,Germany
"This stunning overview of ecovillages and intentional communities is not only a terrific read, but abounds with essential, profoundly important information for anyone seeking more community and a sense of belonging in their lives."
Joan Medlicott, author, The Ladies of Covington Send Their Love series and The Three Mrs. Parkers
"Finding Community is full of wisdom and "Convenient Truths" for anyone wanting to join an ecovillage or intentional community, and packed with advice for ecovillages and communities wanting new members, too."
Max Lindegger, cofounder,Crystal Waters Ecovillage,Queensland,Australia; director,Global Ecovillage Network Asia/Oceania
"Heartwarming and fun, Finding Community will help readers make informed choices about joining a community.Diana Leafe Christian knows what people want."
Hildur Jackson, cofounder,Global Ecovillage Network (GEN);co-editor, Ecovillage Living: Restoring the Earth and Her People
The Insurgent Power of the Commons
Weaving Community through Collaborative Eco-Art
A Guide for White People
A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons
A Community Approach to Independent Living | <urn:uuid:1ccdd540-2e4c-4fc5-8541-57e0e58ea385> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://newsociety.com/products/9780865715783 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.917663 | 1,243 | 1.703125 | 2 |
What is “Short-term Absence” Policy?
The following students are entitled to take up to four(4) weeks of short-term absence after completing a 12-week course.
- Students who register for a course of twenty (20) weeks or more.
- Students who maintain the mandatory 85% attendance rate.
- Students who maintain Satisfactory Academic progress.
Students who fail to return to class after their short-term absence will be dismissed from the school and their SEVIS status will be terminated.
A student must request the Short-term absence in writing in advance of the beginning date of the absence.
- What are the class hours?
- What time do I need to enter the classroom?
- What is the attendance policy for students?
- How will my attendance be marked?
- How can I appeal my attendance percentage to the school?
- How can I inform the school of absence?
- What is the Leave of Absence policy?
- What test(s) do I have to take?
- How can I change my class level?
- What is the grading scale?
- How will my teacher mark my final grade?
- What is Satisfactory Academic Progress (SAP)?
- How much attendance percentage do I need?
- How many students in each class?
- How long can I say in the same level?
- What is "Short-term Absence" Policy?
- What if I get sick and cannot attend class?
- How can I register next session? | <urn:uuid:89b04a25-58e7-4577-a2d2-d3775dd24053> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.newyork-english.edu/faq/class16.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.925364 | 326 | 2.078125 | 2 |
What is a structural engineer?
A structural engineer is a professional civil engineer that has a specialised understanding of the forces and loads in structures that include bridges, buildings and tunnels. Residential structural engineers specialise in the design of residential buildings including houses and units.
Why should I hire a residential structural engineer?
Residential structural engineers have specialised knowledge and training to calculate forces in residential buildings. Structural engineers can make sure that the structural members in your house are the correct size (not too big and not too small) to resist and transmit forces in buildings. They do this by using Australian standards to calculate forces in members and member capacity manuals to check that the members are strong enough to avoid collapse or too much deflection.
You may not need a structural engineer if you are building a simple new home or extension. Simple projects can be designed by qualified building designers or drafters without the input from an engineer.
However sometimes houses and units are complicated or are built on poor ground. In these cases your building designer might recommend that some or all of the building be designed or checked by a structural engineer.
You might need a structural engineer if your building has one or more of these elements:
- Reinforced concrete columns.
- Earth retaining walls.
- Roofs in cyclone affected areas.
- Footings in clay soils or on soft or sloping sites.
- Steel floor beams and roof girders; and
- Suspended concrete slabs.
In some states, the builder’s statutory insurance policy requires that a structural engineer must design and certify house footings, steel floor beams and retaining walls. Check with your building designer to see if this is the case in your state.
How do I select a structural engineer?
It makes sense that if you are building or renovating a house that you select a structural engineer that specialises in residential buildings.
How do you find a structural engineer?
First, ask your builder, building designer or architect for a referral. They will probably have an existing relationship with one or more structural engineers that they have worked with before.
You can also try this link for a list of structural engineers for your area. Look for an engineer with recent experience in your type of project. If site inspections are required, limit your search to engineers that service your area from a local office.
Try to speak directly to the engineer that will work on your project. A good structural engineer will want to know about your project, what you hope to achieve and what services you are expecting. How the engineer responds to your questions will tell you a lot about the engineer.
Pertinent questions show that the engineer is interested in you and thinking about your project. A little bit of informal advice from the engineer means that the engineer wants your project to go well. Look for an engineer that is accessible and one that doesn’t hide behind secretaries, standard forms and junior staff.
Take note of how long it takes to respond to your request for a formal quotation. Big companies might have more paperwork and policies, better quality assurance but take longer to respond to simple requests. Smaller companies might be more personal, quicker to respond to questions and offer personal service. Try to match your requirements to an appropriate structural engineering firm.
Finally, don’t be afraid to ask your engineer for a copy of their professional indemnity insurance and public liability insurance certificates. This insurance is your protection in case of a design error or oversight. Check this article by Matthew Cornell for what to look for in an engineer’s insurance policy.
Note that in Queensland, structural engineers must be registered with the Board of Professional Engineers of Queensland or work under the direct supervision of a registered engineer. Note that professional indemnity insurance is not mandatory in Queensland. Search the BPEQ register to engineers registered in Queensland.
What does structural engineering cost?
Structural engineers charge by the hour or a fixed ‘lump sum’ fee. The fee will depend on the scale of your project and what the structural engineer has to provide.
Hourly rates are determined based on the experience of the engineer working on your project. Hourly rates for graduate structural engineers start at $100 plus GST per hour. Expect to pay up to $250 plus GST per hour for very experienced and fully qualified structural engineers.
You can negotiate a lump sum (fixed) fee for most projects. Lump sum fees for a simple beam design could be as low as $300 including GST. The lump sum fees for a complicated house design with footings, suspended concrete slabs and complicated roofs could be as much as $20,000 including GST.
Don’t forget to shop around. The time taken to ask for two or three quotations from different structural engineers is a great investment in your project.
Does the structural engineer need to inspect my renovation property?
If you are renovating or extending an existing property, it makes sense to arrange for your structural engineer to inspect and view your property. They will want to look at the floor framing, the location of wall framing and the type of roof framing.
Some of the existing structure might be hidden by wall and floor cladding, but an inspection of the shape and layout of the building will still reveal clues on the existing structural framing.
Another inspection might be required once your builder has started work and more of the structure has been exposed. Expect to pay more if more inspections are required.
Can a structural engineer determine if I can remove a wall?
If you’d like to remove an existing wall to create a larger space, a structural engineer can inspect your building to work out if the wall is loadbearing. You can use a builder or a building designer to do this inspection too, but if the wall is loadbearing you will need a structural engineer to design a new beam to replace the carrying capacity of the wall.
If the wall you want to remove is loadbearing, expect to receive some drawings showing where new beams are required, where replacement bracing walls are required or both.
What things doesn’t a structural engineer do?
- Structural engineers prepare drawings and specifications that document the required structural member sizes and how to connect them. These are some of the jobs structural engineers normally don’t do:
- Structural engineers rarely remove wall or ceiling linings to look for internal structural damage. If the damage is not evident on the surface of the building, a visual inspection by a structural engineer might miss it.
- Structural engineers do not submit your drawings to a certifier or to council. Application fees need to be paid when submitting plans and these costs are not included in the engineers quote. This service is normally performed by your builder or building designer.
- When doing damage assessments, structural engineers can’t see behind walls or in hidden spaces any better than you can. They look for indications of movement and damage, but unless the cladding is removed or the roof space is totally accessible, structural engineers cannot find every building defect or locate every problem.
Will an engineered house be guaranteed to be ‘crack-free’?
No. Even if your new house or renovation is designed by a structural engineer, you will not receive a guarantee that your building will never crack. Cracks might even occur in the first six months after construction. That’s because there are a myriad of reasons cracks appear in buildings – and not all of them indicate poor construction or design techniques.
Cracks or concerns with new buildings should be taken up with the builder in the first instance. An inspection by the structural engineer that designed your property should be arranged if you aren’t satisfied with the explanation or rectification procedure proposed by the builder. | <urn:uuid:bf10e738-1aeb-456d-8b08-65c8f63dbae1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.homedesigndirectory.com.au/construction/Structural-Engineering-FAQ.php?showMobileSite=true | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.952338 | 1,578 | 2.46875 | 2 |
Scientists Create Wearable Device That Camouflages against Heat Sensors
The team developed a wearable device that can hide its wearer from heat-detecting sensors, such as those found in night vision goggles. Even if the ambient temperature changes that's not a problem for this new technology.
Their findings were published in Advanced Functional Materials.
It's the first of its kind
In just a few minutes, the device can adjust to the wearer's temperature, changing as the person's temperature changes. So far, no current technology can match this device.
In the end, the wearer's body heat is camouflaged, something that would render night vision goggles or other thermal sensors, completely useless.
The tech's surface can go from 10 to 38 degrees Celcius (50 to 100.5 degrees Fahrenheit) in under a minute. Meanwhile, the inside of the tech remains at exactly the same temperature as the human skin, keeping it comfortable for the wearer.
The device is wireless and can be embedded into fabric, such as an armband. The hope is to create a more advanced version that could, for instance, be fitted into a jacket.
How did the team build the device?
The team used a phase-changing material similar to wax with a melting point of 30 degrees Celcius (about 86 degrees Fahrenheit) — the same temperature as the human skin. If the temperature on the outside of the device reaches higher than that it melts and stabilizes, insulating the wearer; if it's colder on the outside it will slowly solidify, acting as an insulator.
The outside layer of the device developed by a mechanical and aerospace engineering professor at UC San Diego, Renkun Chen, and his team is made of thermoelectric alloys — materials that use electricity in order to create a temperature difference.
Now, the challenge that the researchers face is how to scale up the tech. Their aim is to create a jacket with their tech built into it. However, as it currently stands, the garment would weigh two kilograms (roughly 4.5 lbs.), be five millimeters thick, and only function for one hour.
The team is working on creating a thinner, lighter, and longer-lasting garment.
Adaptive thermo-sensor camouflage is wearable tech based on phase-change material that hides its wearer from heat-detecting sensors (i.e., night vision goggles), even as the ambient temp changes, in just mins. Military apps... (UCSD) https://t.co/BdOkwunIy5— Steven Ashley (@steveashleyplus) March 3, 2020 | <urn:uuid:84beaad9-7117-4ef5-aadd-f47f867aba41> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/scientists-create-wearable-device-that-camouflages-against-heat-sensors | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.940681 | 539 | 3.515625 | 4 |
Here’s A Few Generator Safety Tips For The Upcoming Winter
Losing power is just part of Maine living, I guess.
It's funny how the way you get and keep the power on in your home varies so drastically depending on location. For instance, when I lived in southern Maine back in '98, my lights never even flickered the entire duration of the ice storm. My family here in Bangor was without power for like, 4 days.
If you lived on the peninsula in Portland, you never, ever lost power. Fast forward to moving back to Bangor, and we lost the power the first day in our new house. Hahaha. For that matter in 2020, where I am in Hampden, we lost the power ten times from the end of September until December. I'm not even exaggerating for emphasis. Ten. Times.
So naturally, we bought a generator.
Granted, we went whole hog, and got a 13 kilowatt bad boy that runs on propane. Every year, someone will come check it all out and make sure it's running in peak condition, just like keeping up your furnace. But what if you're running a smaller gas-powered generator?
According to Fox ABC Maine, there's a few things you should keep in mind this winter. Bangor Fire Department Public Education Officer Jason Johnson says they don't get lots of problem associated with folks running their units, but more often it's trouble using and storing them correctly.
Most importantly, only run the generator outside.
This may seem obvious, but lots of people don't want to go outside in the snow or rain, and sometimes try to run it in the garage, or even basement! the number one call for generator 'accidents' is carbon monoxide poisoning. So only ever run it outside.
Next comes storing it. Even after you shut it off, make sure it's cool before getting it out of the elements. But again, it's not something you want to bring in the house. Garage or shed maybe, but never in the house. There's just too many variables that make it the unsafe place for storage.
And of course, make sure it's hooked up correctly.
When they came to install my generator, there was on older panel on the wall that the previous owner used for a small generator, and it wasn't even wired properly. If we had used a small one, it could have easily started a fire.
There's a lot of comfort in owning a generator. Knowing that you'll stay warm, and your food will stay cold, is pretty awesome. And as I'm discovering, if you live out in the sticks, you need an alternate power source, hahaha. Oh boy, it's so great to be an adult, right?! | <urn:uuid:f74cee4a-76b9-4a6e-b55c-d6ded7b6a189> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://q1065.fm/heres-a-few-generator-safety-tips-for-the-upcoming-winter/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.962954 | 577 | 1.78125 | 2 |
Hello Folks, thanks for stopping by.
Just click on the image above to open the ebook and you'll find a toolbar with controls above the book and the sound icon which controls the beautiful background musical composition, The American Journey, by David Arkenstone.
Years ago, I discovered an amazing amount of material that revealed just how much Christian influence there had been in the founding and deveopment of the Colony of Georgia. I began to include this information in my materials and lectures for our eighth grade Georgia History students at Fideles Christian School and have recently compiled it into this ebook form. I hope to have it published in hardback form soon. Also, I hope to publish a companion fieldtrip/vacation guide for visiting locations and places mentioned in Pilgrims in Georgia for those who would like to make their own Pilgrimage to the places of Christian Heritage in Georgia's birthplace.
This is a story of Christian Peoples who came to the colony of Georgia with their Faith seeking a better life for themselves and their families. Some came as refugees due to their Faith, some due to economic or social hardships, and others to found communities based on their Faith. It is about the religious and political history that set the stage that brought them here, both common and famous people, and the Providence of God as it acted upon their lives. Though none of these facts are new, or hidden away, and are open for examination to anyone who should search for them, they are not well known. In the secular climate of education today any reference to the religious backgrounds or motivations of these peoples has largely been ignored. Further, when it is referenced it is usually done piecemeal, focusing on just one group without reference to the whole. Therefore the whole story to my knowledge has never been told. This is an attempt to tell that story and to preserve it for posterity. It is a story of how God worked through many Christian people from many backgrounds and used many diverse circumstances to found a colony. Though not necessarily “Christian” by specific governmental decree, it was Christian in its vital Spirit, as demonstrated through the professions and lives of many of its founders and colonist. A theme that was repeated many times in the founding of the other colonies that came to be the United States.
Hope you enjoy, May God Bless,
Rev. Jonny L Whisenant | <urn:uuid:7275e457-9aab-4af1-9e1c-640875aec6ec> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://jonnywhisenant.net/pilgrims_in_georgia | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.976169 | 481 | 2.21875 | 2 |
The Nigerian Government has enjoyed cordial relationship with the government of the United States over the years especially given the former’s quantum of oil deposit and the latter’s access to exploiting same. However, the emergence of Boko Haram insurgence has been a source of concern to both countries especially as it portends danger to their interests. Despite the efforts of both countries in finding a lasting solution to the problem, the desired result is yet to be attained. In view of this, the study examined the effectiveness of the US security strategies in assisting Nigeria overcome the crisis of Boko Haram. Intractable conflict theory was adopted in arguing that it would be difficult to resolve the crisis of Boko Haram but it can, at least, be managed if proper strategies are put in place. Finally, the work discovered that in line with American foreign policy of zero tolerance to international terrorism, its strategies in assisting Nigeria overcome Boko Haram crisis have not been very effective.
This work by European American Journals is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License | <urn:uuid:d807b2e7-7853-4f57-bb0f-6e7c2b245fd7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.eajournals.org/journals/global-journal-of-arts-humanities-and-social-sciences-gjahss/vol-2no-3may-2014/united-states-security-strategy-management-boko-haram-crisis-nigeria/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00264.warc.gz | en | 0.948107 | 219 | 2 | 2 |
VOLTEO CONCERT OF BELLS PLAYING IN TIME USING LINEAR MOTORS
Date: March 18, 2019
Security, precision, intonation
Finally the bells are free to swing using motors which are resistant to all weather conditions
A superb concert of ringing bells, a unique performance of its kind in the world. The ringing bells can be heard in Menorca at the Cathedral of Santa Maria. The church, in Catalan Gothic style, was built between the 13th and 14th centuries. The bell tower contains eight bells of various sizes.
In Spain it is a tradition to play bells that swing at 360°, hence the name of "volteo" or more precisely, “full rotation”. Traditionally the bells were pushed by hand by bell ringers but today, for the very first time in the world, they can be set in motion and programmed to play using the Belltron linear motors.
The bells move solely by the force of an electromagnetic field at low frequency, avoiding the drawbacks imposed by mechanical parts (chains) which are subject to wear and tear.
Belltron linear motors were made to automate bells. Today we can boast that they are the most marketed item in Italy. The distribution of these advanced technology systems caught the attention of a foreign supplier who requested the development of a particular software to be used to play the “volteo” type bells. Belltron promptly tackled this project and started the production of these systems.
At the Cathedral of Santa Maria in Menorca, Belltron, with its own linear motor production and proprietary technology, responded with a single solution to resolve three obstacles that no one had been able to overcome until now:
1) Adopt the “volteo” system with very heavy bells. The electronic system also allowed the bells to still be played by hand.
2) Produce the "clangore", a typical sound of the Spanish religious musical culture. This sound is played with a specific timing of the rotating bells that requires a particular skill by professional bell ringers. Using the programming settings available in the Belltron linear motors, the momentum time of the bells can be adjusted according to the type of bell, therefore it has been possible to maintain the typical traditional sound of this area.
3) Atmospheric agents create wear to the traditional chain systems, especially in marine areas. The Cathedral of Santa Maria is situated in an area which directly overlooks the sea; thanks to the linear motors, all maintenance problems of the system have been resolved. | <urn:uuid:1eb4f91e-2b5f-4c1d-83a6-c4f0ee248c8d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.belltron.com/en/news/volteo-concert-of-bells-playing-in-time-using-linear-motors | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.951934 | 524 | 2.375 | 2 |
Modern, fourth and fifth-generation nuclear energy was, until the past week, about the only viable option to ease our transition from fossil fuels. The nuclear option was the only one capable of delivering the amounts of energy required within the ever narrowing window for weaning our civilization off oil, gas and coal. Solar, wind, tidal and geothermal technologies simply aren't scaleable as yet. They won't do the job in time.
Japan's ongoing nuclear meltdown has made the nuclear option a non-starter. The criticisms are simplistic, unfair even, but that really doesn't matter. The argument is closed.
So, without the nuclear safety net, we're down to some awfully tough choices. Either we stay with the existing, destructive but cheap fossil fuels or we prepare ourselves to pay a vastly greater portion of our incomes for alternative energies. When many who were once secure in middle classdom now on the ropes, the cost of survival just became an awful lot tougher.
The Japanese fiasco has been music to the ears of Big Oil, Big Coal and Big Gas, especially as it has the Left taking to the streets with torches and pitchforks demanding an end to the nuclear option.
I don't know how many people, if any, will lose their lives to the Japanese reactor disasters but I know that many millions will lose their lives this century to global warming if we paint ourselves into a corner with the fossil fuel industries. It's a tough choice and, right now, much of the public is indulging itself in an orgy of self-gratifying fear. Somehow I have this feeling that the 21st won't be a pleasant century for the timid and the hesitant. | <urn:uuid:f602030f-6068-4917-994b-a19e0c05b88e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://the-mound-of-sound.blogspot.com/2011/03/with-nuclear-down-tubes-were-going-to.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00264.warc.gz | en | 0.962077 | 341 | 1.710938 | 2 |
Presenting to investors can be challenging if you don’t know how to do it. That is why we have put together this guide on how to create a successful business presentation.
To create a perfect pitch that stands out for investors, you need to show that you understand the market and show that your project finances will help them get great returns on their investments.
In this guide, we’ll cover what exactly a business presentation looks like, as well as 9 tips for creating a successful presentation that appeals to investors.
Make a choice about what’s important and let everything else go.
― Peter Coughter, The Art of the Pitch: Persuasion and Presentation Skills.
- 1 9 Useful Tips for Creating a Business Pitch
- 1.1 1. Be Concise and to the Point
- 1.2 2. Create an Elevator Pitch
- 1.3 3. Practice Timing
- 1.4 4. Pay Attention to Details Even If Small
- 1.5 5. Understand Audience, You Are Presenting
- 1.6 6. Address a Real Customer Experience
- 1.7 7. Outline Business Model
- 1.8 8. Talk About Your Amazing Team
- 1.9 9. Present Your Market Strategy
- 1.10 Final Thoughts
What is Business Pitch?
A business pitch is a business plan that you present to your potential investors to secure funding. The speech helps you explain your business to investors so they can make the right decisions.
One of the best ways you can use to present a business pitch is by using visual communication to incorporate diagrams and other visual elements into your presentation to make your audience more attentive and interested.
You can also create an impressive launch pad by using a starter template that helps you get off on the right foot.
Also, if you want to create a unique presentation that helps you stand out from the crowd, present your business idea through a well-designed mind map.
Just place your idea in the center of the map and organize the related subtopics around that idea. This can help fully illustrate your plan and ensure potential investors understand your goals.
Read on to learn more about creating a successful business presentation, but be sure to use our 60+ slide starter presentation presentation theme to help you put together the perfect layout.
9 Useful Tips for Creating a Business Pitch
1. Be Concise and to the Point
A good business pitch requires you to provide crucial points regarding your business. You can use statistics and visual presentations to explain your problems. Simplify the expression and make sure investors understand the facts immediately.
Getting to the point will hook your potential investors into following your topic without losing interest. To do this, you need to focus on the crucial aspects of your business and summarize them in simple terms.
This slide does a great job of summarizing the company information in just a few paragraphs.
2. Create an Elevator Pitch
An elevator speech is a short business presentation that is done quickly, such as during an elevator ride. Describe the nature of your business, what it does, and show why you are the best candidate for funding.
To write a great elevator pitch, be sure to describe your business well to help investors understand it without a hitch.
Take a page out of the slide book. Pay attention to how they used a single sentence to convey what their business does.
3. Practice Timing
Practice what you are going to present and be sure to keep time during the rehearsal. You can let your colleagues control the time and observe your body language and speech. That way, they will give you honest feedback on the quality of their practice.
Please note that you will need to submit your proposal in no time. Depending on the organizer’s specifications, be sure to deliver your presentation within the allotted time.
Summarize your content and focus on your selling proposition, but don’t be too quick to finish your pitch early.
Using a tool like Visme can help you pay attention to how much time you have spent on your slides. The Presenter Notes feature allows you to write speaking notes and keep track of your presentation time.
4. Pay Attention to Details Even If Small
Once you have presented a brief description of your business, go into detail and justify why investors should invest in your business idea, and show how you will offer solutions to social problems.
For example, based on industry analysis, demonstrate how your business compares to others in the niche and what approaches you will use to outperform your competitors.
Also, don’t forget to add financial projection to your presentation. Potential investors are more interested in reviewing this information than others. Simplify your prediction and be prepared to answer any questions investors may ask you.
Using a chart like the one below is the perfect way to visualize growth and financial projections.
5. Understand Audience, You Are Presenting
Before thinking of an effective business proposal, feel free to meet your potential investors and create a personalized proposal for them. Give a brief description of how your product works and show how you plan to grow your business.
Let investors understand what your business does and convince them that it deserves financing. More importantly, talk about your business idea and show the problem you plan to solve.
Keep in mind that investors want to know how your business will generate profits for them. So, show them how you will create demand for your product and present realistic financial projections.
Showing something like a clear product roadmap can be a great way to get investors on your side.
6. Address a Real Customer Experience
Use real customer experiences to highlight an existing problem and demonstrate how your idea will solve it. Tell a story about real customer challenges and avoid the technical talk. More importantly, make sure the story you give relates to your target market.
For example, mention the name of your customer and show how your company managed to solve the problem they had. Be realistic and let your audience connect with your story.
Research shows that a compelling story will make investors relate to the state of your business and better understand your business idea.
This testimonial slideshow is the perfect complement to your business presentation.
7. Outline Business Model
Once you provide your investors with what your company does, they will be interested in knowing how to generate income. A business model involves your assets, business activities, and what you do to get customers and make money.
Inform your investors of how long it is likely to last at each stage of development. Keep in mind that businesses are different. For example, product development for some companies may take many years, while others will take a few months.
Whatever stage your company is in, show investors that your team is competent to run your business at any particular stage.
In your income model, describe how you will generate income for the next several years. For example, provide a five-year financial projection that shows total income, earnings before taxes, operating expenses, and net income.
This basic slide is the perfect starting point for sharing your income model.
8. Talk About Your Amazing Team
Investors are interested in knowing if you have the right team to implement your trading strategies. Highlight the most important details about your team, such as experience and qualifications.
You do not need to provide details of all the people who work for you. However, you can talk about the founders of your company. Provide a short bio of the founding team members and make sure they are diverse in gender and other aspects.
Investors believe that a diverse team has a unique approach to solving problems that is right for their business.
In your presentation, be sure to highlight the following about the founding team:
- A short biography of each member.
- Names and titles
- Member photos
- Social media profiles (for example, LinkedIn)
In any business, a team is one of the most important assets a company has. Investors are concerned about whether the most important people in their company have the experience and knowledge to make their startup successful.
This is a great way to represent your team on a single slide.
9. Present Your Market Strategy
Explain to investors how you intend to market your products or services. Most importantly, show how much money you will spend to acquire new customers.
It is critical to demonstrate to investors that the projected value of their income will be greater than the customer acquisition costs.
This is what you are supposed to highlight in your marketing strategy.
- Identify the problem in the marketplace and show how you will address it.
- Provide details on how your product will solve the problem on the market.
- Describe the target markets in terms of size. Give details of the purchasing power of the market
- Provide market research findings to support product viability.
- Provide information on how you intend to place the products on the market to achieve maximum profitability.
Your slide may look something like this.
Before crafting a business pitch, you need to familiarize yourself with your audience and know exactly what they want. Make your speech concise and deliver it within the allotted time.
Angel investors and venture capitalists like to know if you have the right team to run your business. Therefore, highlight the details of your team members such as their names, titles, bios, and photos.
Be sure to demonstrate the marketing strategies that you will use to get more customers than your competitors. Provide details on your marketing costs and expected revenue.
To make your presentation more seamless and attractive, it is recommended to know the best data visualization practices. | <urn:uuid:ba4c40c5-33d8-479d-85bb-4852d9362df8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://forbesera.com/successful-business-pitch/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573908.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820043108-20220820073108-00264.warc.gz | en | 0.931977 | 1,977 | 1.898438 | 2 |
The theory of the Big Bang serves as the scientific creation myth of our culture. What does it have to do with God? How can it help us discover a spiritual dimension in our lives and recover a sense of wonder? In this talk with Scientists in Synagogues and Congregation Har HaShem, Daniel Matt will explore these questions, drawing on the insights of the Kabbalah as well as contemporary cosmology. He suggests several parallels between these two schools of thought, e.g., between what physicists call “broken symmetry” and what Kabbalah calls “the breaking of the vessels,” but his purpose is not to demonstrate that medieval kabbalists knew what scientists now know about the universe. Rather, he will show how we can appreciate each approach in light of the other and deepen our understanding of both.
Daniel Matt is one of the world’s leading authorities on Kabbalistic texts, especially the Zohar. He taught at the Graduate Theological Union in Berkeley for twenty years. He has also taught at Stanford University and the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He has published over a dozen books, including The Essential Kabbalah (translated into seven languages) and God and the Big Bang: Discovering Harmony between Science and Spirituality.
Recently Professor Matt completed an 18-year project of translating and annotating the Zohar, the masterpiece of Jewish mysticism. This work, consisting of nine volumes was published by Stanford University Press and is entitled The Zohar: Pritzker Edition. This annotated translation has been hailed as “a monumental contribution to the history of Jewish thought.” | <urn:uuid:b0f19a59-f3bf-4ff0-b5ae-5db183026c88> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sinaiandsynapses.org/events/god-and-the-big-bang-discovering-harmony-between-science-and-religion/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00264.warc.gz | en | 0.959984 | 339 | 2.96875 | 3 |
This form of therapeutic treatment therefore transcends traditional forms of medical treatment such as paediatrics and adult health as all age groups seem to take part in the musical experience irrespective of gender, ethnicity etc., which has elsewhere in medicine been attributed some special status such as the requirement in paediatrics for twice the capacity in dealing with minority groups not exceeding one-third of the populace. Looking at all therapies around us, Music Therapy comes in different methods and approaches. Music is a language of its own; it is an alternation form of expression that is different to everyday verbal language communication. There are different definitions of Music Therapy due to different research types carried out in each country.
In a definition given by the American Music Therapy Association, 2005, Music Therapy is the clinical and evidence-based use of music interventions to accomplish individualized goals within a therapeutic relationship by a credentialed professional who has completed an approved music therapy program. Professor K. Bruscia defined music therapy as A systematic process of intervention wherein the therapist helps the client to achieve health, using musical experiences and the relationships that develop through them as dynamic forces of change. In my understanding of broadening this definition, Music therapy is a systematic therapy treatment program of applying music or music related experience to promote physical and mental health. Any therapy that planned to apply music as a tool, in order to achieve the purpose of promoting human physical and mental wellbeing, should belong to scope of music therapy.
Psychodrama, which was developed by J. L. Moreno, is used as a form of psychotherapy. Psychodrama is an action method, participants use dramatization, role playing and dramatic self-presentation, which often includes elements of theater and uses props on a stage, to recreate real-life situation, acting them out in the present. This can also be seen as psychodramatic enactment. Participants have the opportunity to evaluate their behavior and understand better a particular situation in their lives or common experiences in life in general. Moreno encourages participants expressing their underlying needs in role playing, and thereby neutralizing their compelling influence and tendencies.
Clients can use non verbal expression e.g. musical instruments, for their emotion and feeling, which helps naturally healing by this process. Music and Drama are connected historically and have strong affection on each other in many aspects. The same theatrical forms of plays and opera will have the same healing effect. They all support the development of spontaneity and uninhibited expression of emotions and feelings. Its unusual to see the combination of music therapy and psychodrama together until the advent of this book: Acting Your Inner Music: Music Therapy and Psychodrama by Joseph J. Moreno.
The method that is used in this book is defined as music psychodrama, is a particular complementary therapy. The complementary therapy integrates music and psychodrama for participants adequately exchange between music and verbal language, to complement expression of emotion and feeling. The ensemble of music improvisation, creation, using treatments from music therapy, together with traditional psychodramatic therapy, psychodramatic enactment, is a comprehensive treatment which shows better therapeutic effect than any single treatment of the two. The Complementary therapies, which is a term used to describe therapy that combines both music therapy and psychodrama together concomitantly.
The complementary therapy requires participants in groups to express their emotion by communicating effectively with both music and language. Participants dont need to have any musical background; neither needs to know how to play any musical instruments. In another words, anyone who wants to take part in this therapy are welcome to take part in, despite age, gender, occupation and education of participants. The Musical presentation of human emotion can be expressed quite well. This brings out a new and unique treatment effect in complementary therapy. The core of music psychodrama is a psycho-dramatic musical improvisation ensemble.
Its a way of experiencing what happened and how individuals reacted to the given situation and ambient experience of music in combination with an acting format. In order for participants to let go of themselves and enable each individual to freely express their emotion and feeling, the following stages are operated by a psychodrama director or a psychotherapist with musical background: Musical improvisation serve as warm ups; Action, Individual and group improvisation and psychodrama; collectively combined constitute a common access point to Sharing. Its important to note that interpersonal relationships between client and therapist, or psychodrama director remain strong during the whole process; music selected for the therapy is not for leisure proposes.
Therefore the director needs to have a musical background and have professional understanding of music. Director also needs to have intensive training and be familiar with the therapeutic processes, as well as build up close relationship with participants. The room that psychodrama and music therapy is taking place should be quiet and comfortable for all participants to be in and enjoy. Children should not be put into a group of adult participants, babies should not be allowed in the room. If a child cries during the therapy, the sound of crying may tune with high pitch together with the therapeutic music. This could results unnecessary tension and upset and bought to participants, having negative emotions.
* Warm ups
A group of five or five participants are formed either by volunteering or selected by a Director. Each individual is asked to select a musical instrument and then to play a solo improvisation on their instrument, expressing their feeling at the moment or overall life situation. All solo improvisation is recorded and played back for participants to discuss and analyse. This is an effective projective technique. Emotions and personalities of individuals can be simply revealed by sounds projected through the instrumentation. Group music improvisation is another technique that helps the warm up of musical psychodrama.
The principle is similar to individual improvisation. But this technique would emphasize emotions of members towards others in the group. During the orchestrated performance by phychodrama director or a musical therapiest, group members would emphasize their intragroup communication, responsiveness and rapport building of each member.
For example, some would be the person who takes the leads in the group; some would be supporting and coordinating the group; some would immerse in their own performance; therapist can observe individual reactions to the others real behaviour rather than merely listen to verbal description by them. Involvement in and exposure to these experiences would help participants emerging musical imagery and emotional expression to the next stage of therapy, the musical psychodrama.
Protagonist selection of psychodrama is complete by discussion and identification of distinctive sounds of their instruments. During the action of psychodrama on the stage, protagonists need to move from one character to another character by swapping their situations, which means move himself into another persons situation, and learn and action to the other persons mind. The protagonist is living in another persons life. When verbal expression is not clear enough to express by the protagonist, music or instrument can be selected by participants to better express their feelings. For example, participant may select a drum, which is a very powerful and dynamic instrument. The participant can play the drum in a very dominant and aggressive manner; it would easily affect the group feeling and continuously move the whole group to a stronger sharp and dynamic level.
This might also create conflict between group members. The other group members may also use their instruments to change the aggressive behaviour of this participant with drum. In normal verbal communication, people who are involved in the communication also move with rhythmic synchronicity with speaker. If someone wants to pass their opposite opinion or thoughts to a listener in a soft, slow and gentle tone, listener will tend to be easier to accept their opposite idea than someone speak in a fast and commanding voice. Music has the same effect on people in affecting peoples emotion and feelings.
By playing soft and sad music, this music is responsiveness to the drum player. Every nuance gives a continue reaction to drum players feeling. The drum player would be able to verbalise the different feelings, the subliminally hearing helps him to fell and benefit from the group support that the music which is played by other members of the group. Music psychodrama can be seen as a real life. The protagonist will be in different relationships and situations, for example, accepting a death from a beloved one, or giving up part of his life. It takes great courage to release part of ego. Communication through music in the improvisation may sometimes work better and more effectively than verbal communication.
Musical mirroring is an auxiliary technique to mirror the progatonists behaviour or style of interaction by a selection of an appropriate musical instrument and improvise musical statement. The advantage of musical mirroring over verbal mirroring is helping it portray the protagonists essential behaviour without being mired in words. Musical modelling is a technique that suggests and influences the protagonists action, behave and interact through improvisational statements. The advantages are similar Musical Mirroring. Break-in and Break-out techniques are very special techniques in psychodrama. They can be very strong and effective approaches in the session for break through barriers that a protagonist holds him back in a real life situation.
Break-in, protagonist may feel him being excluded from a group, feeling from outside of a group and looking in; Break-out is the reversed situation. In both these two situations, the protagonist needs to find the initiative to break the inner barriers and reconnect to the outside. Group members will surround the protagonist in a circle with locked arms; sometimes, depending on individual circumstance of protagonist, the group members will verbally taunt the protagonist and playing intensive nervous music; protagonist needs to fight his way out of this circle and break this barrier.
Sharing is an essential component in psychodrama. After the psychodrama enactment, all group members will be encouraged by director to share the feelings, thoughts in the experience both verbally and non-verbally. All members will be reassembling face to face in a circle. The purpose of this sharing is not only to help the protagonist feel less isolated; but also help the group member to find out their identification and share these identifications. Sharing in psychodrama enable the unconsciousness deep under in ones mind to become conscious, enable all participants to find the fundamental problems in themselves.
Protagonists in music psychodrama, just like performance in other types of drama, need to be engrossed and throw themselves into the performance. There are many issues that would affect the performance. For example, participants need to be in a quiet and comfortable room for all activities. They will not be disturbed by others outside the room. Its also very important to build up confidence and trust between participants and director. The soul in musical psychodrama is the music that is selected for improvisation for participants. The director must be someone who has musical background and have well understanding of psychology.
During the musical expression on stage, people who have no musical education normally do better than those who have been studied music for a long time. People who study music are more emotional and have more susceptibilities. They know how to technically control musical instruments and vocal, as well as rhythm sensation and volume. This is a limitation of applying musical psychodrama for musicians and musical students. How to use these musical techniques on these people is a subject that we can study. Certain music expression can be conveyed by the elements of music, for example, dynamic indications, differing qualities of touch and articulation, colour, intensity, energy and excitement, etc, through performance.
Director needs to have certain level of appreciation of music in order to distinguish the content conveyed by participants. During the sharing, director and all participants will obtain different level of understanding. These are due to individual differences by culture, education, age, religion and life experiences. These differences would still contribute and help participants to express their emotions freely. Both music therapy and psychodrama are therapeutic approaches for participants to active their own treatment.
The participants, who can be with or without prior music background and knowledge, use music, music instruments or any alternative to verbal expression, improvising their emotions and feelings in interaction with auxiliaries. Some members of the group in these involvements might be less activated with little response to surroundings. These silent participants are also absorbing and learning from the therapy in different levels, reflecting in a inner-action that also help with improving the pshchological status of participants.
Music psychodrama in Mainland China
Psychodrama and Music Therapy were introduced in Mainland China in the 80s. The standard of the knowledge, skills, professionalism and application of music therapy and musical psychodrama are far from the standards of similar researches and studies in these subjects. Both forms of practices are still in the initial stage. For example, in the mid 80s, someone used the term Music Therapy in a clinic in Hunan Province and claimed that Music Therapy can treat many diseases. The so called Therapist only played some soft music for patients and used music as a medicine for treatment.
This was totally misunderstood at the time due to lack of knowledge in this new psychotherapy. During 1985-1986, Beijing Anding Hospital and Beijing Hui Longguan hospital started researchs on Music therapy treatments for chronic mental disorders, Music therapy for senile melancholia; combined therapies for chronic psychosis disorders. China Association for Music Therapy was formed in 1989. In 1991, Music performance personnel stage nervous correctional and training research was produced by Zhang Hongyi. In 1999, China Conservatory of Music formed Music therapy centre for research and development in this subject.
More people started to study and research for music therapy in China recent years. Music Therapy In Treatment Of The Cancer Patients is published in Chinese Mental Health Journal in 2001; Mood and Cognition in Music Therapy is a book that was published by Wu Ji-Hong and Wan Ying in 2006. Music Therapy is growing and being more and more recognised in China in recent years. Main obstacles for developments of Music Therapy in China are listed as followings: poor quality on academic researches and studies, knowledge and skills of this psychotherapy fall behind western countries; the value of academic in researches and publishes dont have the standard compare to countries like American and the UK; there are not official publisher that focus in this subject; there are no professional bodies to evaluate and assess music therapists, neither any regulation nor laws to protect patients; lack of public awareness. Psychodrama or combination of Music and Psychodrama are less common in China.
People are not aware of this term and what it is involves. A small number of researches were carried out in schools and education. On School Psychodrama was published by Chen Xiaomei in Journal of Fujian Commercial College in 2006. Schools can be selected as operational bases for more researches and studied to carry out for psychodrama. Students will also benefit from different activities carried out by psychotherapist and receive good mental health education. In a research programme that was carry out in a university, 300 students were randomly selected for a mental health test. The result shows that 61 students have various degrees of psychological problems, which equals to 20.61% of candidates.
The majority problems are caused by stresses come from studies, worries of employment, interpersonal relationships. This research provides a good breakthrough of applying music therapy for people of who can benefit. Localisation of Music therapy in China is the first step of development of music therapy and musical psychodrama. To develop this, musicians and therapists need to adapt to the Chinese culture and the Chinese social. A serial of arrangement need to be carried out for this localisation procedure: in an academic point of view, meetings and conferences for music therapists, psychologists, musicians, and other relevant specialists to meet up, set up a proper research area for music therapy, either as an academic discipline or therapeutic treatment.
Researches then carried out to categorize music therapy to more detailed branches and select those can be better adapt in China; at the same time, establish and set up institution for this practise. Set up exams and assessment to select people who have musical and psychological expertise to become music therapists. Set up music therapy centres and clinics in hospitals and schools for people who want to participate in the theory. Establish database and update the information for people who are interested in this field.
There are currently very few workshop and activity group in Mainland China. But there are some music therapy associations and workshops in Taiwan and Hong Kong. Music Therapy Association of Taiwan is formed in 1996. In 2012, GaoXiong hospitals approved to use music therapy as a form of clinical alternation treatment for patients. Hong Kong Music Therapy Centre was formed in 2008.
The centre was operated by Ms Mak, an Association of Professional Music Therapists as well as qualification from Academy for Neurologic Music Therapy Academy. Shes the first music therapist in Hong Kong. Many lecturers and workshops are being held in the centre for a range of different attendants, especially youth in Hong Kong. Mainland China should learn and try to implement the development of music therapy in Taiwan and Hong Kong. | <urn:uuid:777dcfa3-1fde-4eff-a87d-c4ea955125e4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://quzzister.com/essay/application-of-music-therapy-and-psychodrama-essay-5172 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.951283 | 3,456 | 3.421875 | 3 |
[Dan Becker and James Gerstenzang] Fouling the Clean Air Act in the United States
Largely hidden in its attack on the federal budget, the House of Representatives has approved a key Republican campaign promise to big business: Protecting it from what the new majority argues are the handcuffs of environmental safeguards. The Republicans would cuff the Environmental Protection Agency instead.
If they prevail in the Senate and overcome a White House veto, they would hobble the Clean Air Act, probably the most successful U.S. law protecting health and the environment, and threaten the authority of California and several other states to use it to fight global warming and other pollution.
The Clean Air Act has meant fewer hospitalizations and missed work days, saving a projected $2 trillion in 2020 alone by reducing asthma, chronic bronchitis and premature deaths from lung disease. Now, given the go-ahead by the Supreme Court, EPA is using it to cut back on carbon-dioxide pollution, the prime culprit behind our changing climate.
Think of the law as the legal weapon ― passed by an overwhelming bipartisan congressional majority, signed by President Richard M. Nixon, approved by the highest court ― that has allowed every president beginning with Nixon to fight some of the nation’s most difficult health and environmental challenges. Using the law to reduce carbon dioxide will bring us solutions that people like: hybrid and other high-tech gas-sipping cars that cut our gasoline bills more than the improved technology costs.
But some of the nation’s biggest polluters have teamed up with the Republicans to try to stop progress ― just as more evidence documents global warming: The 10 warmest years on record have all been since 1998; last year was tied with 2005 as the hottest.
Together, they would turn the House into a special-interest court of appeals to circumvent the 2007 Supreme Court ruling that orders EPA to fight global warming. They would limit the clean air law’s provisions protecting us from power plant pollution and block several states from adopting tougher pollution controls than the federal government.
California has been a leader in setting air pollution and emissions standards under Clean Air Act provisions. Its efforts to set strong standards have been joined by 13 other states, among them New York, Connecticut, Pennsylvania and Washington.
Now, automakers are demanding that politicians ― not scientists ― write the clean car standards intended to reduce carbon-dioxide pollution.
The automakers supported a 5 percent annual reduction in emissions that will get us to 35.5 mpg in 2016 ― the biggest step we’ve taken against global warming. They say they cannot cut emissions 6 percent the next year. These are the same people who said they could not equip cars with seat belts, air bags or catalytic converters.
But, using continuously variable transmissions, low-friction lubricants, improved engines, aerodynamic designs, high-strength light-weight steel and producing the first electric vehicles, they can deliver a fleet that will achieve 62 mpg, cut our emissions by 6 percent per year and help us cut our oil consumption in half by 2030, saving us money at the pump.
Sure, they don’t want to. But they can. If you don’t believe us, listen to Toyota.
Whatever goal the administration sets, “Toyota will be prepared to meet,” the automaker’s vice president for product communications, Jim Colon, said. “If it’s 62 miles a gallon, we’ll be able to achieve that.”
Even General Motors, famously late to the innovation starting line, says it will join the race ― if ordered. Mark Reuss, the company’s top North American executive, said that while he was concerned about meeting a 62 mpg standard, “I think the industry can do anything it wants when it puts its mind to it. ... We’re going to make a plan that’s profitable with cars and trucks that people want.”
That would be a welcome epiphany for a company that stayed afloat with the help of a $50 billion bailout from America’s taxpayers.
With the planet growing warmer, gas prices climbing and new turmoil in the Middle East threatening our energy security, we can’t afford to allow polluters to team up with the new House leadership to deny us progress.
As Mark Twain said, “Denial ain’t just a river in Egypt.”
By Dan Becker and James Gerstenzang
Dan Becker is director of the Safe Climate Campaign, which advocates strong action to fight global warming. James Gerstenzang is the campaign’s editorial director. ― Ed.
(McClatchy-Tribune Information Services) | <urn:uuid:e1b2e5ab-3459-416b-a870-7596abbca737> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://m.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20110227000279&np=1181&mp=119 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.936021 | 972 | 2.78125 | 3 |
Dark age of women's rights in Turkey: From revolutions to oppressions
Author: Idil Igdir
Department: Women’s Rights Team
Turkey has not always had such dark times, especially when it comes to women’s rights. The great leader Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the first President of Turkey and the founder of the Turkish Republic, started to grant political and social rights to Turkish women since the 1920s, making revolutions ahead of his time (Çünkü baska sen yok, N.D). Turkish women, for instance, obtained the rights to divorce, custody, and inheritance with the new Civil Code in 1926, which was based on the Swiss Civil Code, thus acquiring equal status with men in the family and society (Zambrana, 2021). Previously, Turkish men could have four wives at the same time and divorce them whenever they wanted without any legal action. This humiliating situation was abolished in 1926 with the prohibition of polygamy in the Civil Code (Birbiri, 2006). Concerning education, with Tevhid-i Tedrisat Kanunu, the law of “Unification of Education”, dated March 3, 1924, girls and boys began to receive education in an equal framework (Çünkü baska sen yok, N.D). This series of substantial adjustments can therefore be interpreted as an indication of the importance Atatürk placed on gender equality and how much he prioritised it with the establishment of the Republic in 1923. The following words of his were enough to comprehend his stance on this issue: “If our nation now needs sciences and knowledge, men and women must share them equally” (Birbiri, 2006).
‘Women’s right to vote and to be elected’. Source: Karar/December 5, 1934.
Furthermore, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk knew from the very beginning that one of the most important steps for the secularisation of Turkey was to include women in political life. So, by freeing women from the pressure of the old conservative laws and customs, he paved the way for Turkish women to be given the right to vote and be elected on December 5, 1934. (Engin, 2021). However, what needs to be stressed here is that although Atatürk played an influential role in the emergence of this outcome, the real victory belonged to the women who had fought relentlessly since the Ottoman period. The pioneer of the recognition of women’s political rights after the declaration of the republican regime was Nezihe Muhiddin, who completed the formation of the Women’s People’s Party in 1923 and went down in history as the founder of the first political party in Turkey (Karakuş, 2021).
Exactly one year before this landmark decision, Atatürk said the following, which is the clearest and shortest summary of his approach to women’s rights: “A republican regime means a democratic system and a form of the state. The Republic must meet all the necessities of democracy. The recognition of women’s rights is one of these democratic necessities” (Engin, 2021). Thus, despite all the difficulties and obstacles, Atatürk did not give up striving for women’s rights. In other words, the foundations of the Republic of Turkey were shaped around the emphasis on equality as a reflection of his will of democracy which he wanted to pass on to future generations.
‘Quote Atatürk’. Source: doetankpeer, Lisa Bell/ Quotes Gram.
Until recently, Turkey continued to be one of the first on the world stage in the field of women’s rights to advance the democratic order laid by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. Sabiha Gökçen, Atatürk’s adopted daughter for instance, became the world’s first female fighter pilot in 1937 (Zambrana, 2021). With Melahat Ruacan in 1945, Turkey also holds the position of being the first country in the world to have a female supreme court judge (Birbiri, 2006). Furthermore, to combat and prevent violence against women and domestic violence, Turkey was the first country to sign the Istanbul Convention out of 45, mainly European, countries in 2011 (Zambrana, 2021). Regarding a controversial subject such as the right to abortion, while not first, Turkey legalised abortion in 1983, before many Western countries such as Belgium, Ireland, Spain and Switzerland (Zambrana, 2021).
Yet, with the economic and political shifts in Turkey in recent years, the concept of “being the first” has changed and lost its meaning. It led to Turkey being the first country to withdraw from the Istanbul Convention in 2021 (ICJ, 2021). This abrupt news came as a blow to Turkey’s women’s rights. What was once known as a progressive country, has since turned into a land of endless women’s graveyards and systematic attacks on women’s rights. In May 2022 alone, 35 femicides and 16 suspicious deaths of women were recorded in Turkey (Kadin Cinayetlerini Durduracağız Platformu, 2022). In the same month: Turkish actress Melis Sezen’s dress became the target of political Islamists and her dress seen as a “crime”, artist Melek Mosso’s concert was canceled due to her political stance, and, actress Ezgi Mola was fined because of her tweets about the rapist and murderer Musa Orhan.
In the face of increasing violence and threats over the years, women in Turkey started to gather and establish associations to stand out against the system that did not protect them even when their lives were at stake. Kadin Cinayetleri Durduracagiz Platformu, We Will Stop Femicide Platform, was thereupon founded in 2010 after the brutal murder of Munevver Karabulut (Kadin Cinayetlerini Durduracagiz Platformu, N.D). The platform is now one of Turkey’s leading feminist organisations that regularly publishes monthly and annual reports on femicides. Since the scandalous decision in 2021, they have also been working on the re-implementation of the Istanbul Convention, thus Article 6284 in the country. Nevertheless, despite the legal and moral support provided by the platform, the Istanbul Public Prosecutor’s Office filed a closure case in April 2022, upon the request of the Associations Desk and the Governor of Istanbul (Bianet, 2022). The reason for this unacceptable attack appeared on the grounds of manifesting activities contrary to law and morals.
Closure case against one of Turkey’s leading feminist organisations by the Prosecutor on the grounds of ‘immorality’
The closure case opened by the Istanbul Public Prosecutor’s Office in April 2022 was brought before the judge for the first time on June 1, 2022, at the Istanbul 13th Criminal Court of First Instance (Sözcü, 2022). Before the trial started, many feminist associations did not hesitate to make statements in front of the courthouse to show their solidarity and support in the face of the baseless accusations attributed to the We Will Stop Femicide Platform. Among them, the general representative of the platform, Gülsüm Kav, said (Sözcü, 2022) :
“We see the lawsuit brought against our association as a continuation of the unlawfulness of withdrawing from the Istanbul Convention. It was also one of the harbingers of the interventions and new oppressions on our freedoms and rights that we experience every day. That’s why this trial is the cause of all women, the whole society“.
‘Kadin Cinayetlerini Durduracagiz Platformu Dernegi Hukuksuz Davalarla Kapatilamaz’. Source:BirGün,2022.
Furthermore, as news of the closing case spread across the country, families of victims supported by the platform expressed their utmost concern and anger on the day of the trial. The mother of Ayşe Tuba Arslan, one of the murdered women, made a speech and said: “No one protected my daughter. She died 44 days later. Her killers are still out there. This platform has always supported us“ (Sözcü, 2022). Ismail Çet, father of Şule Çet, who was murdered after she was raped in Ankara in 2018, also supported the trial of the We Will Stop Femicide platform which was held in Çağlayan courthouse in Istanbul (Hacaloglu, 2022).
While some seek this anti-femicide organisation to be shut down, lawyers continue to point out that they believe this case is a political issue, not a legal one. Esin Yesilirmak and Ipek Bozkurt, lawyers of the platform, made it clear that they view the closure case as a political matter (Staff Writer, 2022). Regarding the case, Esin Yesilirmak later added, “first, there was too much procedural flaw in the case. In other words, no investigation was conducted according to law” (Hacaloglu & Çolak, 2022). Subsequently, almost 300 lawyers from across Turkey expressed an interest in defending the group (Staff Writer, 2022).
So, on what grounds do they accuse an association dedicated to preventing femicide and protecting women with immorality? Claims such as “ignoring the concept of family, trying to break up the family structure, carrying out immoral activities under the guise of defending women’s rights” were included in the petitions that led to the lawsuit (Sözcü, 2022). Thereafter, the hearing adjourned on Wednesday, June 1, and will resume on October 5, 2022 (Staff Writer, 2022).
In addition, Nursen Inal, group representative of the platform, said “we are under pressure from the government because we publicise, name by name, each and every woman’s murder” (Staff Writer, 2022). Thus it creates a contradiction with the government statistics they use to justify saying “femicide is on the decline” in Turkey. Contrary to the data announced by the government, the platform collects cases that were covered up as suicides and evaluates them under the name of suspicious death. For instance, in the annual report prepared by the platform, it was revealed that there were a total of 280 femicides and 217 suspicious deaths in 2021 alone (Kadin Cinayetlerini Durduracagiz Platformu, 2022). However, for the same year, the Ministry of Interior announced that there were 251 femicides in the country (Sirin, 2022).
From innovation to retrogression, we witness the clocks being turned back for Turkish women as the world moves forward in the modern age. Trying to explain the oppression of women in Turkey by hiding behind cultural and religious excuses creates an environment that only belittles the situations that women are exposed to. On the contrary, women, organisations and associations are constantly working to prevent the normalisation of a non-existent culture. Therefore, the closure case filed against the platform reflects another concrete example of silencing voices that try to protect women.
“Everything we see in the world is the creative work of women”
– Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
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Zambrana M. (2021, September 1). Turkey takes a step backwards on violence against women. Equal Times. Retrieved 8 June 2022, from https://www.equaltimes.org/turkey-takes-a-step-backwards-on#.YqtfOC0RqqB | <urn:uuid:007845db-a5fe-4c19-aed3-5d18e9bfe76a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ghrd.org/dark-age-of-womens-rights-in-turkey-from-revolutions-to-oppressions%EF%BF%BC/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.927076 | 4,203 | 3.671875 | 4 |
Gadsden County reports a spike in fentanyl deaths over July Fourth holiday
It was a deadly weekend involving drugs in Gadsden County. The sheriff’s office handled a spike of fentanyl overdoses, most of them on Friday. Nine people died.
The Gadsden County Sheriff's Office says nine people died from likely fentanyl overdoses over the July Fourth holiday
The U-S Drug Enforcement Administration posted a statement to social media Saturday about a suspected mass fentanyl-poisoning event in the rural Panhandle county.
After two women were found dead of an apparent overdose Friday, that the sheriff's office put out an alert seeking the public’s help to warn others of the possibly polluted drug supply, the Tallahassee Democrat reported.
The DEA issued a warning in April about mass overdose events happening around the country due to the powerful synthetic opioid. It’s often mixed into other drugs, unknown to the users.
Gadsen Sheriff Morris Young said the weekend overdoses are believed to be connected to marijuana or cocaine laced with fentanyl.
The Florida Attorney General’s Office says users often don’t know fentanyl has been mixed with the drug they just purchased.
Information from the Associated Press was used in this report.
Copyright 2022 WFSU. To see more, visit WFSU. | <urn:uuid:fd785032-a435-4af5-a95f-f47c9a95ec29> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://health.wusf.usf.edu/health-news-florida/2022-07-06/gadsden-county-reports-a-spike-in-fentanyl-deaths-over-july-fourth-holiday | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.950379 | 270 | 1.59375 | 2 |
La Trinidad, Benguet – One hundred forty five (145) student beneficiaries of the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program participated in the first school-based Youth Development Session (YDS) and camp at the Benguet National High School-Main, La Trinidad, Benguet on March 29-31.
With the theme “Millennial Legends: Empowering Youth for a Better Tomorrow,” the YDS is a modular session for the Pantawid Pamilya highschool beneficiaries that aims to motivate the students to finish their education. Students undergo sessions that enhance their life skills and knowledge to help them cope with challenges as adolescents.
“We are hopeful that the different activities during the three-day camp inspired and empowered our student beneficiaries”, said Orlyn Hangdaan, Social Welfare Officer, DSWD-CAR.
Topics discussed during the three-day activity included the Role of Youth in the Community, Family Foundation, Understanding True Love, Mental Health Awareness/Stress and Anger Management, Life of an Adolescent, Career Pathing, Critical Decision Making, and Moral Recovery.
“We are expecting that after this activity, the delegates will realize the importance of family… because one of the attributors why students fail in school is family issues. We try to let them understand why such issues are happening in the family. We need to motivate these students how to survive intricate situations like stress, anger, and depression. Also, we want to educate these students on teenage pregnancy and premarital sex as one of the prevailing issues of the youth today,” said Police Corporal Joshua Daligan of the Regional Mobile Force Battalion (RMFB) 15.
Evelyn Cayat, a Grade 12 student, shared “nabuild ti camaraderie ken unity me through diyay team building activities..ken naadal me met ti ikasta nga ag set ti goals para iti future mi. Nafeel ken naappreciate mi dagiyay presence ken sacrifices ti resource speakers, guardians me ken dagiyay amin nga nag conduct ditoy mga activity (Our camaraderie and unity was built through the team building activities. We also learned how to set goals for our future. We also felt and we appreciate the presence and sacrifices of the resource speakers, guardians, and all those who conducted this activity).”
The YDS is a joint activity of the DSWD, RMFB 15 of the Police Regional Office-Cordillera (PROCOR), Department of Education (DepEd), Local Government Unit- La Trinidad, and Benguet National High School. A Memorandum of Agreement was forged last September 2018 to formalize the YDS partnership between RMFB-PROCOR, DepEd, and DSWD.
Implemented by the DSWD, Pantawid Pamilya also known as the Conditional Cash Transfer Program in the Philippines monitors children 0-18 years old. The household beneficiaries receive Php300 and Php500 cash grants if student beneficiaries have at least 85% monthly school attendance in elementary and high school. Although the YDS is not a program condition to receive the cash grant, the activity is implemented to guide and develop the youth beneficiaries to be responsible and productive members of their family and the community.
Meanwhile, the program currently monitors 65, 217 high school students in the Cordillera. #DSWD-CAR, SOCIAL MARKETING UNIT, Marlo Abyado | <urn:uuid:aa9de2c3-02b0-4bdd-a987-298992f5805c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://car.dswd.gov.ph/2019/04/students-join-pantawid-pamilya-development-sessions-in-benguet-nhs/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.9326 | 725 | 1.820313 | 2 |
The Five Laws of Loonshots
The Five Laws began with a drink. Late one night in 2005, I sat down for a whiskey with Sir James Black, who won the 1988 Nobel Prize in medicine for developing the beta-blockers for hypertension and histamine antagonists for ulcers. After a marathon all-day session advising me and a small team of scientists on our cancer research, when I was close to collapsing from exhaustion and wondering how a man in his 80s could outlast me, I mumbled something about how hopeless one project seemed after a couple of failures in the lab.
Sir James leaned over, patted my knee, and said, “Ah, my boy — it’s not a good drug unless it’s been killed at least three times.”
I’ve come to think of that lesson as the First Law: Expect the Three Deaths.
The big ideas, the ones that change the course of science or business or history, rarely arrive with blaring trumpets dazzling everyone with their brilliance. They pass through long dark tunnels of skepticism and uncertainty, crushed or neglected, their champions written off as crazy. There wasn’t a good word for that in the English language, so I made one up: loonshots.
For example, when President John F. Kennedy announced to Congress in 1961 his goal of putting a man on the moon, he was widely applauded. Four decades earlier, though, when Robert Goddard described the principles that might get us to the moon — jet propulsion and rocket flight — he’d been widely ridiculed. The New York Times wrote that Goddard “seems to lack the knowledge ladled out daily in high schools,” namely that of Newton’s law on action and reaction, which made rocket flight in space impossible. (The day after the successful launch of the Apollo 11 rocket to the moon, 14 years after Goddard’s death, the paper announced that rockets did not in fact violate the laws of physics and that “the Times regrets the error.”)
Kennedy’s speech marked the original moonshot. Goddard’s idea was a classic loonshot. A moonshot is a destination. Nurturing loonshots is how we get there.
Failing to understand the surprising fragility of the loonshot — assuming that the best ideas will blast through barriers, fueled by the power of their brilliance — can be a very dangerous mistake, as the US learned in the Second World War: The US military ignored Goddard. German scientists did not. They built on his principles to develop the first long-range missiles, which reigned terror on London, and the first jet aircraft, which flew over 100 miles per hour faster than any Allied plane. Fortunately for the Allies, those breakthroughs came too late in the war to make a difference.
In business, failing to understand that surprising fragility can be a very expensive mistake. In the case of Akira Endo’s discovery, the price tag was roughly $300 billion.
Endo is the scientist behind arguably the greatest drug discovery of the 1970s: the statins. These cholesterol-lowering drugs—Lipitor, Crestor, Zocor, and others—have helped prevent millions of heart attacks, contributing to a three-decade decline in deaths from heart disease.
Not long after identifying the first statin, Endo began the standard small-animal studies used to evaluate the safety and efficacy. The honor of being first is generally awarded to rodents. With great excitement, his team gave the drug to rats and saw … nothing. In drug discovery, a failure of that kind nearly always kills a project.
Which leads us to the Second Law: Mind the False Fail.
At a bar near his lab, Endo ran into a colleague who used chickens in his research. After a few drinks, the colleague confided that his chickens would make a nice dish of yakitori when his project ended. It occurred to Endo that hens might have high blood cholesterol, since their eggs have so much of it, which could make the effects of his drug easier to detect. So Endo convinced his friend to curb his appetite, temporarily, and test the new drug on some spare hens.
The results were spectacular. Endo’s drug decreased cholesterol by nearly half, triglycerides by even more.
Years later, scientists would learn that rats have mostly HDL (“good cholesterol”) circulating in the blood, and very little LDL, the “bad cholesterol” that contributes to heart disease. Which means that rats are a poor choice for evaluating statins, which lower just the LDL. Chickens have both types, like humans.
The failure of statins in rodent models was a False Fail — a result mistakenly attributed to the loonshot but actually a flaw in the test. The same failure permanently killed a similar program at another company, Beecham Pharmaceuticals. Had Beecham persisted, they might have shared in the cumulative $300 billion of revenues from statins.
The False Fail routinely masks promising loonshots, both in science and business. In 2004, for example, when Facebook launched, many social networks had tried and failed to win the loyalty of users who hopped from one network to the next: Sixdegrees, StumbleUpon, Delicious, Tribe, and so on. As Mark Zuckerberg met with investors to raise funds for his new startup, users were just beginning to abandon the most recent social network success story, Friendster, for MySpace. Most investors concluded the websites were like clothing fads. Users switched networks like they switched jeans.
Peter Thiel, however, reached out to friends behind the scenes at Friendster. Like other users, he knew that the site crashed often. He also knew that Friendster had received, and ignored, crucial advice on how to scale — how to transform a site built for a few thousand users into one that could support millions. He asked for the user retention data. He was stunned by how long users stayed despite the irritating crashes.
He concluded that users weren’t leaving because social networks were weak business models. They were leaving because of a software glitch. It was a False Fail.
Thiel wrote Zuckerberg a check for $500,000. Eight years later, he sold most of his stake in Facebook for roughly a billion dollars.
Which leads us to the Third Law: Listen to the Suck with Curiosity (LSC). When you’ve poured your soul into a project, the temptation to dismiss or reject bad outcomes is high. You attack your challengers and turn for reassurance to your friends, mentors, mother.
It’s hard to hear that no one likes your baby. It’s even harder to keep asking why.
Well before Endo convinced his friend with the pre-yakitori chickens to administer last-rite statin, Endo had been investigating why his experiments had failed. He already suspected the drug might behave very differently across animal species. He acted quickly when the opportunity appeared.
Where others assumed the decline of Friendster was the end of a fad, Thiel investigated why users were leaving and found a contrarian answer, in which he had confidence. Contrarian answers, with confidence, create very attractive investments.
All of which brings us to the billion-dollar question. The massive weight of teams and committees, where any failure is an excuse to terminate, will crush fragile loonshots. So how can large organizations possibly succeed?
The greatest system ever invented to solve this puzzle not only helped turn the course of a war but has helped the US lead the world in science and technology ever since.
Had there been prediction markets in early 1939, on the brink of world war, the odds would have favored Nazi Germany. Germany’s new submarines, called U-boats, threatened to dominate the Atlantic and strangle supply lines to Europe. The planes of the Luftwaffe, ready to bomb Europe into submission, outclassed those of any other air force. The discovery of nuclear fission, by two German scientists, put Hitler within reach of a weapon with almost unfathomable power.
Aware of the growing threat, Vannevar Bush, Dean of Engineering at MIT, quit his job and talked his way into a meeting with President Roosevelt.
The US military, Bush told FDR, trailed far behind Germany in the technologies that would be critical to winning the coming war, and was incapable of catching up in time. He handed FDR a single sheet of paper with a proposal: FDR should authorize a new science and technology group within the government, to be led by Bush, reporting only to the president. FDR listened, read the proposal, and signed it “OK — FDR.” The meeting had lasted all of ten minutes.
Bush understood not only that military culture would quash fragile loonshots, and that he would never succeed in changing that culture — but that he shouldn’t try. The tight discipline of a military organization would be essential to building munitions at an unprecedented rate, distributing troops and supplies across four continents, and directing millions of soldiers in battle.
It’s the Fourth Law: Forget culture; create an innovative structure.
The structure Bush created — a quarantined group of scientists and a system for dynamic and rapid exchange of ideas and projects between the scientists in the lab and the soldiers in the field — helped develop the technologies that created decisive advantages for the Allies. Shortly after the end of the war, in October 1945, Congress declared that without Bush’s system, “it is safe to say that victory still would await achievement.”
Although Bush was a brilliant inventor and engineer, he pointedly stayed out of the details of any one loonshot. The genius-entrepreneur who builds a long-lasting empire on the back of his ideas and inventions is a widespread myth.
The ones who truly succeeded, like Bush, have played a much humbler role. Rather than a holy leader standing high atop a mountain, raising his staff, anointing the chosen loonshot, Bush was a careful gardener. He created a nursery to shelter and grow fragile loonshots. He recognized that the weak link in the chain of innovation is not the supply of new ideas, but the transfer of those ideas to the field. So he managed the transfer rather the technology: ensuring that loonshots are brought into the field neither too early nor too late. He intervened only when that transfer broke down.
Transfer in the opposite direction is equally important. Early aircraft radar, for example, nearly failed. Bush nudged scientists into cockpits to see why pilots weren’t using it. In the heat of battle, the scientists discovered, pilots had no time for the early boxes’ complicated switches. The technology was fine; the user interface was lousy. Scientists quickly created a custom display — the sweeping line and moving dots now called PPI. Within four weeks, Allied planes sank one third of the German U-Boat fleet. Six weeks later, the head of the German Navy declared defeat in the Battle of the Atlantic. The lanes were cleared for an Allied invasion of Europe.
Bush personified the Fifth and final Law: Be a gardener, not a Moses.
Toward the end of the war, FDR asked Bush to summarize how the US could use his system to identify new treatments for diseases, improve national well-being, and grow the economy.
Bush’s report, called Science: The Endless Frontier, released in July 1945, caused a sensation. (It was hailed by media outlets, except for the New York Times, which questioned the authors’ understanding of science and concluded by suggesting a better model: “Soviet Russia has approached this task more realistically.”)
Over the next few years, spurred by the success of Bush’s system and the ideas in his report, Congress created the National Science Foundation, the National Institutes of Health, and many other research agencies. Since the end of WWII, that national research system has spawned GPS, personal computers, the biotechnology industry, the internet, pacemakers, artificial hearts, magnetic resonance imaging, even the chemotherapy cure for childhood leukemia. Many others industry-creating innovations — the transistor, for example, which launched the electronics age — were the joint offspring of public and private research.
The teams and companies who wish to lead their industries as the US has led the world in science and technology would do well to set aside the Fail Fast and Pivot mantra. Instead, they should reflect upon the words of Sir James Black and apply the Five Laws of Loonshots.
Read more Letters
Read the Five Laws of Loonshots
“A groundbreaking book that spans industries and time” –Newsweek
“If the Da Vinci Code and Freakonomics had a child together, it would be called Loonshots” –Senator Bob Kerrey | <urn:uuid:87c00c01-9752-4f91-8033-1881011ead70> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.bahcall.com/five-laws-of-loonshots/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.965426 | 2,674 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Be-living: How to Interpret Ecological 'Fangsheng' to Buddhists
Yuxiang Dong, Student International ASLA; Ruilin Zhu, Student International ASLA; Ai Liu, Student International ASLA; Shuaiqi Xia, Student International ASLA; Luqiyao Chen
Faculty Advisors: Jie Shen
Addressing a culturally significant Buddhist practice of releasing captive creatures into the wild that often leads to the deaths of those animals, these students are honoring a tradition while maintaining species and promoting biodiversity. The students created culturally sensitive takeaways like prayer beads that share their findings for another type of practice that is more environmentally friendly. It reminds us that if you want to make change you have to bring people with you.
- 2021 Awards Jury
The 'Be-Living' Project is a series of promotional materials for Buddhist believers to provide scientific guidance on 'Fangsheng' activity, a popular Buddhist ritual in which captive creatures are freed to demonstrate compassion and earn merit. However, thousands of 'Fangsheng' activities occur annually without guidance, causing the low survival rate of released animals and follow-up ecological issues. As landscape architects, we hope to play not just the role of designers or educators but also an interpreter. We coped with ecological problems while understanding the religious doctrines. Through the design and production of 'Fangsheng' monthly calendar, weekly calendar, and guide book, we promote the activity of "Fangsheng" (animal releasing) with religious characteristics to be carried out in an eco-friendly way, which ensures the achievement of Buddhist original intention of releasing activities and the sustainable development of ecological environment.
'Fangsheng’, or 'releasing animals’, to demonstrate compassion and earn merit, is a traditional Buddhist ritual in which captive creatures are freed, usually at a particular time. This practice has a long history since the Spring and Autumn period in China and remains popular today. Since Shanghai is a city with a large number of Buddhist believers, thousands of spontaneous 'Fangsheng' activities take place here annually, and tens of millions of fish are released into rivers.
Although the purpose of 'Fangsheng' is to save the life, evidence shows that it is often backfired. News Report has revealed that those activities created havoc in local ecosystems and the fish death, which is closely related to the improper 'Fangsheng' activities frequently occurring in Shanghai. There are two main reasons for fish death: the place or time of 'Fangsheng' is inappropriate for the selected fishes to survive. The other main reason is that invasive species such as red-eared turtles are released into the local environment, disturbing the local ecosystem.
Through a long-time field study, we found a mismatch between the natural system and 'Fangsheng' activities, a gap not only makes the ecology suffer from potential threats but also makes Buddhists deviate from their original intention. However, there is obviously no lack of scientific articles or lectures about how to conduct 'Fangsheng', but these appeals did not reach our audience very well, leading to the question about “what landscape architects can actually do in this situation. Furthermore, what is the main strength of landscape architects in the role they play?
Could we play the role of educators and tell them how to release animals scientifically? Obviously not. Chinese Buddhism has a long history and mass foundation. Research done by Pew Research Center shows that China has the most significant Buddhist population of 244,110,000 Buddhists globally, which covers 18.2% of the country's total population. Since Buddhism has developed a complete ritual system in China, the way they understand the world is different from how materialists interpret the ecology. Exhortations based on scientific and ecological theories may not be well spread and accepted by Buddhists as well.
The communication barriers pull us back into the meaning of communication. As a religious activity with a long history, 'Fangsheng' is the embodiment of cultural diversity. Therefore, instead of educating Buddhists to learn the knowledge of ecology or biology, we should also try to understand the religious meaning of 'Fangsheng' and present the scientific ecological concept in the form of religious tradition and religious discourse. As a team of landscape architects, we have the ability and interests to cope with ecological problems as well as understanding religious doctrines. In order to break down the barriers of communication, we try to explain the knowledge of ecology and biology with a religious view and promote 'Fangsheng' to become a more ecologically sustainable activity, which is also high in line with the original purpose of 'Fangsheng' that Buddhism has advocated.
This time, our role as Landscape Architects is not just designers or educators, but also an interpreter.
Our main strategy is to use the Buddhist discourse based on the Buddhist philosophy and world view to explain the appropriate release time, place, and species information which are determined through scientific methods, so as to guide religious activities into an environmentally friendly way.
In this project, three products have been made——' Fangsheng' monthly calendar, 'Fangsheng' weekly calendar, and 'Fangsheng' guide book. They are produced to answer the question of “where”,“ when”, and“ how” to conduct 'Fangsheng' into an environmentally friendly and sustainable activity. The calendar is commonly used by Buddhist temples and believers to remember Buddhist festivals and is also preferred by older people. 'Fangsheng' guide book is designed in a folded form which is the same as ancient Buddhist classics. The form of products creates a familiar atmosphere for believers to read, making the content more persuasive.
'Fangsheng' guidebook is an easy-understanding booklet that tells the principles of 'Fangsheng'. The ecological principles are combined with Buddhist doctrine. We want to tell the Buddhist believers that improper 'Fangsheng' activity is not what Buddha intends and would earn vile spawn instead of merit.
'Fangsheng' monthly calendar contains a map of Buddhist style, marking suitable places for releasing certain kinds of fish, called 'Fangsheng pool’, and the calendar next to the map marks the Buddhist festivals suitable for 'Fangsheng'. Guided by this calendar, Buddhist believers will understand when and where to release certain kinds of fish. The suggestion on the calendar is made through scientific methods, integrating multiple urban data of shanghai, such as the data of water quality, water temperature, and species abundance, which are integrated into GIS to assist decision making. In addition, the process gives full play to the advantages of landscape architects.
In the 'Fangsheng' weekly calendar, we create connections between Buddhism and fish for release from a more detailed perspective, and the popular science on fish habits has been added. Furthermore, by combining fish species suitable for releasing at different weeks (called lucky fish of this week in the calendar) with Buddhist events, we try to put a scientific ecological concept into 'Fangsheng' while maintaining its religious nature, and we also write poetries and make paintings to deepen the idea.
The whole project becomes a complex process, and it is only through many communications with monks and Buddhist volunteers that we can move forward step by step. Our products are mainly distributed offline as we contacted some temples and asked them whether they would like to cooperate with us on this idea, and will be placed in publicity stands in temple, Buddhist items store, or exhibitions on Buddhist ceremonies, and people may get them if they need. In a word, this project will remain an ongoing process. The primary goal of this project is to create a new mode of communication and expand the boundary of the work of landscape architects by combining our professional knowledge, analyzing skills, and working experience with religious groups. Furthermore, we hope that this project can be used as a trigger to stimulate more creative but humble cooperation methods. | <urn:uuid:bbea3b79-f76c-4eda-8e26-f00e75a1641e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.asla.org/2021studentawards/3324.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.948842 | 1,660 | 3.109375 | 3 |
Serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor: A useful indicator of the clinical course in pulmonary tuberculosis
- Additional Document Info
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SETTING: In tuberculosis both host protection and most pathogenic mechanisms depend on T lymphocytes. After activation by mycobacterial antigens, T cells both secrete interleukin-2 (IL-2) and express a high affinity receptor for this molecule (IL-2R) on their own surface. A soluble fraction of IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R), released from cell membrane, is detectable in serum and its concentration is known to be elevated in tuberculosis. OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the role of sIL-2R as an indicator of clinical evolution and response to antituberculosis treatment. DESIGN: A prospective study, in which we have measured serum sIL-2R in 52 patients (42 with active and 10 with inactive pulmonary tuberculosis) and in 36 healthy controls. In 20 patients, serum sIL-2R levels were measured serially throughout the treatment. Levels of sIL-2R were correlated to clinical and radiological parameters. RESULTS: Serum sIL-2R was significantly increased in patients with tuberculosis as compared to healthy subjects. Both the radiological findings and the clinical state of patients showed a good correlation with sIL-2R. All patients with normal values of sIL-2R 6 months after starting therapy had a favourable clinical evolution. CONCLUSION: Serum sIL-2R is a useful marker of the clinical state and evolution of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. The detection of permanently high values beyond 3-6 months of treatment suggests that additional drugs or prolonged administration would be advisable in order to ensure full recovery.
has subject area | <urn:uuid:4ec4d3cf-0f9a-4292-afc3-e0a2bce660e1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://experts.mcmaster.ca/display/publication2032037 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00264.warc.gz | en | 0.923205 | 402 | 1.820313 | 2 |
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