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If you or your child is struggling with teeth that are crowded, you know how frustrating it can be. Every time you look in the mirror, you don’t want to open your mouth because you can’t stand the sight of those teeth that are piled on top of each other. Oral hygiene is also an everyday struggle when you try to clean all of those hard to reach places. You’re afraid those crooked teeth could lead to a TMJ disorder down the line with the improper placement of your bite. There is a long list of reasons why crowding in your mouth can drive you crazy. You’ve decided it’s finally time to do something about it at a Southington Orthodontics office. You’re thinking about Invisalign treatment, but you have reservations. You’ve heard that you or your teen will need to have your teeth shaved.
Is Teeth Shaving an Absolute Must with Invisalign Treatment?
Invisalign treatment involves having clear aligners created that are specifically tailored to meet the patient’s orthodontic needs through the most advanced technology. These plastic aligners are changed every two weeks. With each new set, subtle adjustments are made. They are much more comfortable than traditional braces and convenient as well. Invisalign aligners can be removed in order to stay committed to excellent oral hygiene. They are also removed during meal times. For anyone involved in contact sports, it is a wise decision to remove aligners before a sporting event. With Invisalign, people don’t even know when someone is wearing them. This is all well and good. However, you still have questions about teeth shaving to correct crowding.
Your Orthodontist Needs to Make Room
If your orthodontist needs to correct crowding, whether it is for you or your child, it means that he or she will have to make room somehow. There are three, typical solutions to making room. Your arch can be expanded through the use of orthodontic expanders. When opting for Invisalign, your orthodontist can choose to remove teeth or shave teeth in order to have adequate space. It’s plain and simple. There needs to be more room in your mouth for your teeth. Tooth extraction is a more extreme solution that means losing permanent teeth when there isn’t a need. With teeth shaving, only a minor amount of the tooth is removed in order to finally acquire enough space.
Set Up Your Consultation with an Orthodontist Today
Go to Team Demas Orthodontics to find out about all of your options when it comes to Southington Orthodontics. Make your first appointment to discuss your personal situation. Braces and Invisalign are not a once-size-fits-all solution. They will be tailored to suit your needs or the needs of your teen. Your orthodontic team will be able to guide you towards an effective treatment plan that is satisfying to you. Express all of your concerns and move toward a beautiful smile today.
Team Demas Orthodontics
27 Meriden Ave #2a, Southington, CT 06489, USA | <urn:uuid:937a6aed-9aa4-4a0b-93cc-bf8d8d7264bf> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://teamdemas.com/how-to-correct-crowding-with-invisalign/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00073.warc.gz | en | 0.940271 | 672 | 1.773438 | 2 |
What is an Apprenticeship?
It’s a real job, with real training, meaning you can earn while you learn and gain a nationally recognised qualification.
To get your career started you usually need a combination of experience and qualifications. An Apprenticeship gives you both by combining on the job training with study (usually one day a week) meaning you can earn while you learn. With some Apprenticeships you can now study at Degree Level too, meaning you can get a degree, whilst earning and not racking up debt via tuition fees.
It usually takes between one and four years to complete an Apprenticeship depending on which level you take. Apprenticeships are available across a wide range of industries and many high quality, prestigious companies and organisations offer them.
What can I earn?
The current minimum wage rate for an apprentice can be found here, but many employers pay more than this. Apprentices going into their second year of study will earn more, with different rates for those aged over 21 and those aged under 18. However dependant on the sector, region and Apprenticeship level, some higher Apprenticeships pay up to £500 per week. More details on salaries and entry criteria in specific Apprenticeship occupations can be found here.
What’s in it for me?
- Earn a real wage
- Be trained in the skills employers want
- You are more likely to progress quicker and higher than a typical student
- Learn at a pace that suits you and be supported by a mentor
- Have a holiday and be paid while your away
- Set yourself up for the future – apprentices enjoy marked salary increases when they complete their training, and those completing a higher Apprenticeship could see increased earnings of an estimated £150,000 over their lifetime.
How do I apply?
To apply, click here. You will need to create a user account, then you can search and apply online using the relevant ‘search’ selections. At any one time there are up to 28,000 Apprenticeship vacancies available online in a variety of careers and industries across England.
A traineeship is an education and training programme with work experience that unlocks the great potential of young people and prepares them for their future careers by helping them to become ‘work ready’.
Designed to help young people aged 16 to 24 who don’t yet have the appropriate skills or experience, traineeships provide the essential work preparation training, English, maths and work experience needed to secure an Apprenticeship or employment.
- Traineeships have been developed by employers making them a great stepping stone to an Apprenticeship or other job.
- Traineeships are continuing to grow - there were 24,100 traineeship starts in 2015 to 2016.
- 94% of employers consider traineeships an effective way of increasing young people’s chances of finding paid jobs and Apprenticeships
More Key facts about Apprenticeships
- Up to 28,000 Apprenticeship vacancies are available online at any one time.
- Apprenticeships are available in 1500 job roles, covering more than 170 industries, from advertising to youth work and from environmental engineering to legal.
- More than 2,600 employers are involved in designing the new Apprenticeships standards.
- 270 Apprenticeship standards have been published so far, of which over 84 are higher and degree Apprenticeships.
- Nearly all apprentices feel that they acquire or improve their skills as a direct result of their Apprenticeship.
- Almost 9 out of every 10 Apprenticeship employers hoping to achieve business benefits tell us that Apprenticeships deliver – including 75% reporting that it has helped their business improve the quality of their product or service.
- There are currently 100 higher and degree Apprenticeships available, with more in development, including foundation degrees, HNDs and full honours degrees. These include job roles ranging from legal services to banking and engineering.
- After finishing, 7 in 10 apprentices (77%) stay with the same employer.
- 46% of apprentices had received a pay rise since completing their Apprenticeship.
- 36% of higher apprentices’ report getting a promotion after completing their Apprenticeship.
Apprenticeships are available at the following levels:
- Intermediate: Level 2 – equivalent to five GCSE’s
- Advanced: Level 3 – equivalent to two A Levels
- Higher: Level 4 – equivalent to a higher education diploma
- Higher: Level 5 – equivalent to a foundation degree
- Level 6 - equivalent to a Bachelor Degree
- Level 7 – equivalent to a Masters Degree
- Level 8 – equivalent to a Doctorate | <urn:uuid:bdf2fb14-37d0-4fda-91fd-ca0421f4765e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://trainingprovider.com/apprenticeships/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00073.warc.gz | en | 0.954106 | 968 | 2.4375 | 2 |
By: Phil Kernen
Recently, Tesla crossed the trillion-dollar threshold in market value. A trillion dollars isn’t what it used to be, but it remains a big deal and a monumental market milestone. Four other U.S. companies are current members, all of which anyone will recognize. One non-U.S. company is in the club, Saudi Aramco. The Saudi Arabian state-owned oil producer founded in 1933, which began trading publicly in 2019, is worth 2.01T. Data is as of 10-29-21.
|Market Cap||Date Started||Reached 1 Trillion MV||Years|
Of those currently in the club, Tesla required the least time to reach a trillion-dollar valuation. It took 18 years from its first day as a company and only 11 years from its initial public offering in 2010. The most recent price increase derives from the announcement by Hertz that they would buy 100,000 Teslas for their rental fleet. Further, Hertz would pay full price rather than the discounted costs so commonly seen in fleet purchases. In addition to the billions in expected revenue, Tesla also gains the marketing benefit of putting new drivers in an electric vehicle for the first time who may not otherwise consider such an option.
Meanwhile, the speed of its growth highlights some eye-popping comparisons. Toyota Motors is the second most valuable car company after Tesla but carries a market cap one-quarter as large, valued at $250 billion. Yet, Toyota sells 20 times more cars than Tesla, delivering 10 million each year compared to 500,000 from Tesla in 2020. After three quarters, Tesla is on track to sell 900,000 units in 2021, so that multiple will drop, yet the valuation gap grows still wider because investors like the rapid growth.
Who is next?
Except for Saudi Aramco, the biggest trillion-dollar organizations are tech companies. And more tech companies are the likeliest candidates to next cross one trillion dollars in market cap, including Facebook (0.88T), Nvidia (0.62T). Technically, Tesla was the sixth company to join the club. Meta, formerly known as Facebook, crossed the mark earlier in 2021 but has since retreated as it faces scrutiny over its business model following the release of the Facebook files. These internal documents reflect the company’s knowledge of flaws in its platform that cause harm to its users. Meta will likely regain trillion-dollar status as it responds to criticism, makes improvements, and pivots towards its metaverse vision.
Nvidia, which makes semiconductors for video gaming and data center customers, is also expected to move higher along with continued growth in revenues and earnings. Second-quarter revenue increased 68%. Despite supply chain challenges, sales momentum will continue with an accompanying increase in their share price. A 70% increase is all that is needed to reach one trillion in market value.
The other members of the top ten are less likely to cross one trillion soon. Tencent, a Chinese internet-based technology company, faces challenges. Growing competition and political and regulatory pressure from the Chinese Communist Party will limit the speed at which it grows in the future. The other non-tech top-ten name is Berkshire Hathaway (0.65T). The investment vehicle of Warren Buffett has a long history and has benefitted from more than a decade of generally rising equity markets. While this trajectory might continue further for stock prices in general and Berkshire in particular, we don’t expect it to push them over one trillion in market cap soon.
Disclosure: This is for informational purposes only and any reference to a specific company does not constitute a recommendation to buy or sell that company. The reader should not assume that an investment in the securities identified or described, was or will, be profitable.
For a complete list of disclosures, please click https://mitchcap.com/disclosure/ | <urn:uuid:f6fb5cfb-982d-44e2-827c-4f682ba13450> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mitchcap.com/trillion-dollar-club/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.942541 | 871 | 1.960938 | 2 |
Back in the '70s, I was diagnosed with depression but never with bipolar. I am now 56 years old and have started menopause. I started hearing voices and imagining people were following me. I have so many highs and lows, I feel like I'm on an emotional roller coaster. Everything seems to depress me, but the doctors I have been to only call it depression. Why is mental health not taken seriously enough? It is a very serious matter, and it's hard to understand. I have a son who is bipolar, and he has attempted suicide so many times, but as for me I have only had thoughts of suicide. Let me tell you this is a very scary thing because I don't know if I'm having a breakdown or not.
It sounds like you are experiencing psychotic symptoms during your mood episodes, which I’m sure is extremely frightening. While psychotic symptoms can occur during a depressive episode, they warrant special attention and may require treatment with different types of medications.
There is some research suggesting that estrogen may protect against the development of severe mental illness in younger women, and thus menopause may be a period of increased risk for the development of these disorders. Do you have a relationship with a psychologist or psychiatrist? If not, now would be a good time to seek someone out so that you can address the changes in your symptoms.
It is extremely important for the sake of both you and your son that you have some good treatment in place. Unfortunately, you are right that mental health treatment often comes last or is completely ignored.
Learn more in the Bipolar Disorder Center. | <urn:uuid:096fe786-b993-4ccc-ab4f-c6b4fc5eb430> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.everydayhealth.com/bipolar/specialists/after-menopause-depression-seems-more-like-bipolar.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280364.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00031-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.982849 | 327 | 1.976563 | 2 |
Preventing Cross Country Running Injuries
When fall is here, cross country running injuries appear and can sideline high school athletes and other distance runners. Some of the most common running injuries are shin splints, tendinitis of the knee, ankle sprains, muscle pull, and stress fractures of the leg. A large percentage of running injuries are overuse injuries and can be prevented with proper training techniques and smart sports medicine.
Tips and Tricks:
- Wear proper shoes, test race-day shoes, and replace them frequently
- Pay attention to form, check the soles of your shoes for improper wear patterns
- Stretch before and after a practice or meet, keep your body loose and limber
- Vary training mileage, gradually increase mileage
- Adjust to new terrain, add in hills and other training changes slowly
- Warm-up and cool down before and after all runs and races
- Improve and maintain flexibility by practicing yoga or recommended stretches
- Make sure to incorporate strength training and cross-training, which improve balance and agility, into your training program
- Run with a purpose and stay present on the course
- Have pain checked out by a doctor or physical therapist
- Stay hydrated to avoid muscle cramps
- Pay attention to nutrition to improve energy, endurance, and performance
- Include rest days in your training schedule, try walking, cycling, or swimming
- Train during the summer if possible
It helps coaches and athletic trainers assess their athletes’ risk of injury if they know their level of summer training and overall running fitness. Be honest! A conditioned runner who diligently logged miles throughout the summer is probably better prepared than a beginner or a team member who was lax over the summer break.
If you should experience an injury, work with your athletic trainer, doctor, and physical therapist to properly rehabilitate your injury or assess improper running mechanics. As you recover, take it slow, listen to your body, and pay attention to signs you are overdoing it. You don’t want to reaggravate or reinjure the same body part. The course will be there!
Contact Ivy Rehab for more information on overuse injuries, prevention tips, orthopedic therapy, sports injury screenings, or Ivy’s running analysis program.
Article Reviewed by Holly Lookabaugh-Deur, PT, DSc, GCS, CEEAA
Holly Lookabaugh-Deur, PT, DSc, GCS, CEEAA is a practicing physical therapist and a partner and Director of Clinical Services at Ivy Rehab Network. Deur is board certified as a geriatric clinical specialist and certified exercise expert for aging adults with more than 35 years of clinical experience. She is certified as an aquatic and oncology rehabilitation specialist and serves as adjunct faculty at Central Michigan University and Grand Valley State University.
The medical information contained herein is provided as an information resource only, and does not substitute professional medical advice or consultation with healthcare professionals. This information is not intended to be patient education, does not create any patient-provider relationship, and should not be used as a substitute for professional diagnosis, treatment or medical advice. Please consult with your healthcare provider before making any healthcare decisions or for guidance about a specific medical condition. If you think you have a medical emergency, call your doctor or 911 immediately. IvyRehab Network, Inc. disclaims any and all responsibility, and shall have no liability, for any damages, loss, injury or liability whatsoever suffered as a result of your reliance on the information contained herein. | <urn:uuid:44b751b1-472e-4e81-9d6a-b3ac58583afa> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ivyrehab.com/news/preventing-cross-country-running-injuries/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573193.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818094131-20220818124131-00470.warc.gz | en | 0.936088 | 726 | 2.46875 | 2 |
Tired of waiting for Sun Microsystems to develop standardised real-time extensions for its popular Java programming language, Microsoft, Hewlett-Packard and others have formally organised to do the job.
The extensions would allow Java to be used to operate real-time programs for flight navigation, elevator control or any other system that responds to immediate commands. Companies that offer software for those applications have formed the group, which they called the J Consortium, according to spokesmen for the group.
The consortium is a formal incorporation of a group of companies that first came together last November as the Java Real Time Working Group, spokesmen said. In January, the group tried unsuccessfully to have the National Committee for Information Technology Standards oversee development of real-time Java standards.
A Java standard for real-time technology would enable the companies to move ahead with product development, the spokesmen said.
"We all have ideas for developing products for the marketplace with Java technology, but we need to unify our ideas to create standards so that customers can get portability and interoperability," said Kelvin Nilson, chief technology officer for NewMonics and technology chairman of the consortium.
In March, Sun announced its own project, called the Real-Time Extension Group. But the J Consortium companies say Sun wants too much control over what is supposed to be an open process.
"Their working group is not completely open to everyone," said Wendy Fong, chairman of the consortium and an HP manager. "They decide what projects get accepted."
A Sun spokesman denied that the company exerts too much control over its Java development group.
"We have an extremely fast, efficient system at work in the Java community," said David Harrah. | <urn:uuid:ce326a0a-412c-4e93-a56d-a765022cbe12> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/article/106339/microsoft_hp_others_found_java_consortium/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280266.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00501-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.959777 | 350 | 1.664063 | 2 |
| Module Info
| Add a review of UML-Class-Simple
This is a nice module and easy to install and use but don't expect too much, it doesn't generate real UML class diagrams. I know it's a "*::Simple" CPAN module but I think the output it generates misses absolute must haves.
It will draw classes and their inheritance hierarchy but doesn't draw any of the object-level relationships between classes with directionality and cardinality. These are very important to have in any UML class diagram.
Because perl is dynamic and everything can be changed at runtime, I thought it would just be too difficult to do this properly...
But I gave UML::Class::Simple a whirl, and I'm absolutely blown away. The result is phenomenal. To see my last year's work (30,000 lines) represented this way is just incredible.
Great module. Dead simple to use, and produces very pretty graphs. | <urn:uuid:48e3b760-033f-49d8-a5b5-529328b8fb15> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://cpanratings.perl.org/dist/UML-Class-Simple | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280825.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00202-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.938219 | 199 | 1.851563 | 2 |
Amends the Fish and Aquatic Life Code. Provides that all casting nets shall be legal, without size limits, for the capture of shad, minnow, common carp (Cyprinus carpio), goldfish (Carassius auratus), Asian carp [bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis), black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus), grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), and silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molotrix)], goldeye, mooneye, carp, carpsuckers, suckers, redhorse, buffalo fish, freshwater drum, and skipjack for use as live, dead, or cut bait. Provides that all individuals using casting nets for the capture of specified fish shall possess a valid sport fishing license.
No votes to display
Session Sine Die
Referred to Rules Committee
Filed with the Clerk by Rep. Raymond Poe
|Bill Text Versions||Format|
|No related documents.|
Data on Open States is updated periodically throughout the day from the official website of the Illinois General Assembly.
If you notice any inconsistencies with these official sources, feel free to file an issue. | <urn:uuid:ec5b6990-6c5f-487f-976f-990dc87dbb9e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://openstates.org/il/bills/98th/HB3778/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00678.warc.gz | en | 0.74051 | 277 | 1.617188 | 2 |
Rono Hills, Feb 11: Education Minister Taba Tedir has expressed discontentment over the inept implementation of the Sarva Siksha Abhiyan (SSA), the Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA) and the Right to Education (RTE) in the state.
“These policies are not bad. However, due to such schemes not being properly implemented all these years, there have been serious effects on the overall educational scenario of our state,” the minister said, lamenting that the state is ranked among the lowest when it comes to pass percentage and results, especially in the board examinations.
Attending the celebration of the 150th birth year of Mahatma Gandhi at Rajiv Gandhi University (RGU) here on Tuesday, Tedir said while “education is the top priority of the Pema Khandu-led government,” parents should also be aware of their responsibilities with regard to their children’s education.
Strongly advocating conversing in one’s own dialect at home, the minister urged the university to involve research scholars in conducting in-depth research on the various tribal dialects of the state, “so that efforts can be taken for their preservation.”
He informed that the state government will have a budgetary provision of about Rs 2 crore for students of Class 11 and Class 12 who wish to pursue coaching for various examinations.
“This will be in addition to the ongoing state flagship programmes in the education sector,” Tedir said.
Rahul Patwa, from the National Commission for Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR), stressed on providing free primary-level education and vocational training.
Advocating “mother tongue influence,” he said Gandhi had also strongly called for teaching in one’s own mother tongue for effective teaching-learning.
“It is important for every one of us to remember the philosophy of Gandhiji as his philosophies have played a very important role in shaping the educational scenario in our country,” said RGU’s Women Study & Research Centre Director, Prof Elizabeth Hangsing.
Speaking out against child marriage, she said “violence against children is against the philosophy of Gandhi.”
Citing the example of African nations where children are taught at least one foreign language in schools, RGU Vice-Chancellor, Prof Saket Kushwaha, suggested teaching different languages to the children as much as possible.
Tedir later felicitated the winners of the essay-writing competition that had been conducted on the occasion of Constitution Day celebration on 26 November, 2019.
While Ome Tamuk, Trisha Bharadwaj and Mudang Onju bagged the first, second and third prize, respectively, in the girls’ category, Lokpa Tamang, Pem Donduk and Madhuriya Mohan bagged the first, second and third prize, respectively, in the boys’ category.
In addition to the students and staffs from various departments of RGU, the programme was attended by students of VKV Nirjuli, St Thomas School, Emchi, and Don Bosco School, Doimukh.
A special film by Childline on child abuse was also screened for the students.
Themed ‘Baal Swaraj’, event was held in collaboration with the NCPCR. | <urn:uuid:b988a231-754a-40b2-a8e3-4ff21c3415b6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://arunachaltimes.in/index.php/2020/02/12/minister-unhappy-with-inept-implementation-of-ssa-rmsa-rte/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.961489 | 711 | 1.679688 | 2 |
Hitler is the dictator of Germany. one of the reasons for second war was hilter .
Germany and allies got defeated in the first world war. treaty of Versailles imposed some military cuts and made the Germany reason for world war one .hilter who was dictator wanted to take away the polish colony of Poland which divided Germany into two halves .he thought it would be a small issue but it led to the second world war.
hilter came with strong objectives which made the people believe in him so all of them joined Nazism implemented by hitler .however after getting defeated in second world war he committed suicide. | <urn:uuid:9b4bd048-cf86-4c24-8c26-ec76859b565f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://brainly.in/question/35604 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283689.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00346-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.987168 | 130 | 3.140625 | 3 |
DEC: The best of systems, the worst of systems
Digital Equipment Corp's hits and misses
Opinion Which were the greatest DEC computers and why? Which were the worst - and why?
Everyone has their own definition of greatest and worst, and exemplars of each, but I'm looking at the machines that had the most or the least influence. Since DEC under Olsen got a lot of things right, it's quicker and easier starting from the bottom.
The PDP-4, a follow up to the original PDP-1: The PDP-4 was 5/8ths the performance of the PDP-1 for half the price, and that just didn't cut it.
The Rainbow: A complete misreading of what a PC should be.
The PDP-11/60: Intended to be a reliable, maintainable mid-range PDP-11, it couldn't be maintained and was unreliable. The Rhode Island Computer Museum has in its collection nearly every flavor of PDP-11 ever made, with the notable exception of the PDP-11/60. They've never been able to find one.
The PDP-8/S, a serial implementation of the PDP-8: It was intended to be a minimal implementation of what was a minimal computer architecture. It was clever, and in a notably small package (for its day), but it was too slow to get out of its own way. It was rapidly obsoleted by IC (integrated circuit) technology.
I must also admit to not being a fan of the VAX architecture, which, to some people, is sacrilege. I like computer architectures that are simple, clean and elegant, none of which characteristics the VAX has.
I always got the impression that Gordon Bell's people never understood that, just because you can add a feature, it doesn't mean you should. Of course the VAX was wildly successful, with an army of devotees unto this day, so one can't exactly say it was among DEC's worst efforts. But it was not their best.
Don't get me started on the Alpha…
Now from the top:
The PDP-1: While clearly a "first effort" design full of things we now know could have been done better, the PDP-1 is technologically important in that it brought the idea of small, cheap, interactive computers to the world. Had there not been a PDP-1, we'd still be communicating by post with letters written on typewriters.
That you can type something into a computer and edit it in real time, display it on a screen, then send it elsewhere, is all the legacy of the PDP-1.
The PDP-7: in spite of itself. The PDP-7 was the successor to the PDP-4, and was something of a mess mechanically and thermally. (I spent four years working with a surplus PDP-7 that was held together with tape and bailing wire, so I have a particular fondness for the type.)
Unix was first implemented on a cast-off PDP-7, earning the machine a place in computer history it probably would not otherwise have deserved. PDP-7s tended to be more productive after their nominal working lives ended, when people got the chance to play with them without "adult supervision" than during them.
The PDP-10 series: For a long time everybody's first computer - via timesharing. The architecture was elegant, the tools were superb, the operating system has never been bettered, anywhere, and the things were rock solid. The PDP-10 was the pinnacle of everything that DEC got right. And then DEC murdered it in favor of the VAX.
The PDP-8/e: For the first time, all the pieces that made up a minicomputer system came together:
A workable architecture.
A powerful resident operating system (OS/8), supported by tools and compilers galore.
A rational bus (Omnibus) that allowed easy system expansion and the ability to roll-your-own custom devices.
The right packaging.
Documentation that told you *everything* and...
A rabid user group (Decus) that provided tons of free code, sort of an early open-source movement long before anybody coined the term.
The PDP-8/e was enormously successful in its day.
The PDP-11/34: In some ways the 16-bit successor to the PDP-8/e, the /34 was the right-sized machine, for the right price, for an awful lot of applications. As semiconductor technology progressed the PDP-11/34 was supplanted by the PDP-11/23; the same ideas, but for a lower price.
OK, that's my list. Ask any N retro-computing enthusiasts and you are likely to get at least N lists, all mutually incompatible. And the "discussions" that ensue when listers compare lists is most amusing - particularly when experienced from a safe distance. (Be prepared for an extended performance. Earplugs are recommended. So is a fire extinguisher.)
Before closing, let me posit a thought. My list of DEC machines is certain to be controversial, as would be anybody's list, but that's nothing. If you want to start a real column-inches-filling flame war, once the battle among DECies calms down, pose this question:
Which was better, the PDP-11 or the [Data General] Nova?
But first, make sure you're within dashing distance of your fallout shelter. ®
I'm one of those old-timers who worked on with the PDP-1 (although well after its heyday), as well as the PDP-5, PDP-6 (a 36-bit mainframe), PDP-7, PDP-8 series, PDP-9, PDP-10 series (the successors to the PDP-6), PDP-11 and PDP-12 (a combination PDP-8 and a specialized DEC computer called the LINC). I never got to work on a PDP-15, but one can't have everything.
I was the Vice President of the Rhode Island Computer Museum, and am a member of the Retro-Computing Society of Rhode Island, both of which have large collections of minicomputers. I myself have several flavours of PDP-8s, in various stages of disrepair, as well as PDP-11s, an HP-1000, and several other vintage machines.
"The" Computer History Museum on the Left Coast (as though there's only one...) gets all the retro-computing limelight, even though a lot of its collection was once in the defunct Boston Computer Museum, and the retro-computerists in New England are left shivering in the cold and dark.
Both the Rhode Island Computer Museum and the Retro-Computing Society of Rhode Island are strictly volunteer organizations that are doing what they can to preserve our technological history, and mentioning them might get them a little well-deserved publicity.
I don't know what it is about Rhode Island, but there are a lot of folks there who collect old kit. In addition to the RICM and the RCS/RI, there's also the Warbirds Museum at Quonset Point, full of old aircraft, and the New England Museum of Wireless and Steam, with two huge collections, one of pre-WWII radios (including the entire Massey Point Judith spark station, with building), the other of running stationary steam engines. Maybe it's the water or something... | <urn:uuid:04ff3865-ae29-42db-8c21-a4faa956beac> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.theregister.co.uk/2011/02/11/dec_hits_and_misses/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279169.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00219-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.967424 | 1,603 | 1.820313 | 2 |
The road from Clanwilliam over the Nardouwberg mountain to De Lille rooibos farm is like 53-year-old Niklaas Slinger’s road to success. It’s long and steep, but the scenery is breathtaking. Niklaas grew up in this mostly untamed part of the Western Cape, where his father worked as a shepherd on local farms.
After working as a farmworker for 20 years, Niklaas managed to buy his own farm in 1992. In 2009 the South African Rooibos Tea Council named him one of the country’s top 20 rooibos producers. In 2010, Agricultural Writers South Africa named him the National South African Emerging Farmer of the Year.
Farmworker to farmer
“I was one of 17 children. We were very poor and the farms we lived on were far away from schools, so I never learnt to read or write,” says Niklaas. When he was a child, his father taught him about animals.
And by working on sheep, cattle and rooibos farms, he learnt the practical side of farming. In 1972, when Niklaas was 15, he worked on Jan Theron’s farm Vondeling. Some years later, Jan passed away. Jan’s son JP was only six years old, and Niklaas and Jan’s wife Annie had to run the farm. As JP grew up, a strong bond developed between him and Niklaas.
“In 1992, neighbouring farm De Lille was for sale, and I saw it as my opportunity to start farming for myself,” recalls Niklaas. “The only problem was I didn’t have the money to buy it.” He approached JP, who helped him get financing from the department of agriculture. JP also helped Niklaas buy a bakkie and provided additional financing. “I’m very grateful for everything the Therons, who are now my neighbours, have done for me,” says Niklaas. “I don’t know how I would’ve managed to get to where I am today without their support.”
The farm was originally 2 066ha, but in 2010, Niklaas sold 50ha to another farmer to raise the money to pay off what he still owed on it. “When I bought the farm, there was only 30ha of rooibos planted. Now I have 300ha of rainfed rooibos, yielding between 200kg/ha and 500kg/ha. My previous total yield was 80t for the local and export market,” he says. Niklaas could grow rooibos on between 500ha and 800ha on the farm, but several factors are holding him back, such as the oversupply in the rooibos market this year, which drove prices down and saw many rooibos farmers produce less.
However, the SA Rooibos Tea Council predicts a strong growth in demand that would see the market recover in 2011. Most of the rooibos is harvested from January to March, but weather permitting, harvesting can continue until early May. After that it gets too cold for the harvested tea to dry. Niklaas explains that production decreases in plants older than five years. He therefore replaces up to 100ha of rooibos annually, depending on yield.
Production runs on a seven-year rotation. A piece of land is under rooibos for five years, after which the bushes are slashed down and disced into the soil. Niklaas then plants oats for one year to break the cycle of soil-borne diseases and produce feed for his Dorper sheep. He prefers to leave the land fallow for one year before planting rooibos again.
“I let the sheep graze on the oat stubble after harvesting,” he adds. For the past two years, Niklaas has used no chemical spray and no fertiliser on the rooibos. For the oats he applies chicken manure at planting. “I don’t have my own infrastructure for drying tea, so I use JP’s facilities,” he explains. “Here we dry tea for two other farmers, and produce about 220t of dry tea every year.”
Diversification into livestock
Not all the land on his farm is suitable for rooibos production. Niklaas farms with Dorper sheep to use some of the more marginal areas economically. He has around 250 ewes and aims to maintain the flock at this level. “The ewes lamb once a year – half of the flock in May and the other half in June. We sell the lambs at four months in early October when there’s a shortage of natural pasture,” he explains.
This year his lambing percentage was 100%. He selects 50 ewe lambs to replace culled ewes, and the other lambs are marketed to be slaughtered. “When rooibos and sheep prices started to fall, I decided I needed to diversify further, and in 2009 I bought shares in JP’s ostrich operation,” says Niklaas. The ostriches are sold to an abattoir in Moorreesburg.
Facing future challenges
“I come from a background where money alone can’t solve problems,” explains Niklaas. “This taught me to be resourceful and to think creatively when facing problems, or fixing things on the farm. Growing up poor also taught me to get by on very little, giving me the self-discipline I needed to save money to pay off my debt.” Now that he’s paid off the farm, he plans to start saving towards buying machinery that will increase the farm’s productivity and profitability. “I’d also like to put up my own drying and storage facilities,” he adds.
Niklaas, who also serves as a lay preacher in his community, is excited about his son Andries becoming more involved with the management of the farm in the near future. “All my children finished high school. Andries has a better formal education than I have, and while I can teach him the practicalities of farming, I think he’ll have some valuable management ideas,” he says. Contact Niklaas Slinger on 083 656 7612. | <urn:uuid:c3f584d6-aeed-4f43-bc30-2a487a08630a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.farmersweekly.co.za/agri-business/empowerment/from-shepherds-son-to-top-farmer/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571198.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810161541-20220810191541-00268.warc.gz | en | 0.975576 | 1,363 | 1.53125 | 2 |
Whether you’re a first timer at the London or a seasoned veteran visitor, each experience is different from the last. It is open year-round with weather permitting, the experiencing changing with the seasons as the animals adjust to the changing temperatures and follow their instincts.
The London Zoo is located in Regents Park and has numerous Tube stations within close walking distance. The only day it is not open is Christmas Day. The zoo offers numerous education opportunities, the exhibits changing frequently to offer new attractions for guests of all ages.
The Big Four Attractions
The Indoor Rainforest
Adorned with the only indoor rainforest in all of England, the London Zoo allows visitors to wander through the simulated rainforest and experience hundreds of species who co-exist in this wonderfully diverse setting. Included in the Rainforest at Night exhibit is the added bonus of hearing rich sounds of the ‘nightlife’ in the rainforest after the sunsets. It’s a beautifully immersive experience.
This attraction is new to the zoo and offers the largest penguin pool in England. Visitors can watch the penguins as they play in water or have their meal.
This attraction was first opened in 2006 to a rousing success. The exhibit is devoted to the conservation and study of butterflies and moths. The exhibits educate visitors about all stages of a butterfly’s life. There are hundreds of butterfly species from around the world.
There are an impressive three halls devoted to the London Zoo’s Aquarium. Conservation programs are prevalent with the seahorse breeding program being the most popular. Visitors can watch in awe at the many dazzling sea creatures swim by or learn about conservation programs across the country.
Not to Miss Events
Junior Zookeepers for a Day
For those kids who can’t get enough of animals, this is a great excursion for them. Children aged 11-15 years of age will have a 3.5-hour experience with close-up encounters with animals and get a free entry ticket with an accompanying adult. They’ll have morning refreshments and get an exclusive Zookeeper t-shirt and cap which they take home with them, a goody bag, and free parking pass.
Children will be in groups of five and work alongside a zookeeper as they work behind the scenes at the zoo, feeding animals and taking care of their cages.
Meet the Meerkats
This experience allows patrons to go inside the meerkat’s home and watch them as they play and search for their food. An expert zookeeper will be on hand to answer questions and to supervise the event.
Patrons will have a twenty-minute meet and feed the family of meerkats, discovering interesting facts while feeding them. The groups are limited to four individuals so there will be a lot of one-on-one time with the meerkats.
Feed the Gorillas
If you have ever wanted to get up close to the gorillas, now is your chance. Whether you’ve wanted to see them play with each other or interact with the zookeeper, you will see it all in this experience. Patrons will be able to feed this wonderfully charismatic gorilla troop all under the guidance of an expert primate keeper. Get up close and personal with our gorillas.
Each group is limited to six people so there will be plenty of interaction time with our gorillas. Visitors will have a fifteen minutes photo op with our gorillas as well as a chance to feed them and have a question-and-answer period with our gorilla expert. There is so much to discover about this incredible but critically endangered species.
It is important to note that visitors will not be in direct contact with the gorillas. This is for safety reasons. Food will be scattered about their outdoor area allowing for numerous photo opportunities to take place by our viewing area behind glass. It is important for guests to notify the zoo if anyone in the party has nut allergies. Masks and gloves will need to be worn during the experience and all guests will need to wash their hands before being allowed to feed the gorillas.
Gorillas and guests will be separated by a 3-meter barrier. All guests should be able to throw that distance in order to get the food to the gorillas in their enclosure. There are ball throwers available to assist though we do recommend this guest experience to be limited to those five years and older.
Meet the Penguins
This is one of the most popular of all the zoo’s attractions. The penguin pool has just recently opened and is the larges penguin pool in all of England. It is a truly unique meet the animals experience at London Zoo.
Meeting our colony of Humboldt penguins is a singular experience where gusts are able to go inside the encloser to Penguin Beach and meet each penguin who will happily waddle over to meet each guest. This experience is limited to groups of four guests so there will be plenty of time to interact with the penguins and get answers to all questions from the penguin expert.
Guests will have fifteen minutes with the penguins which beings after a health and safety briefing from our friendly and enthusiastic staff who will then escort guests to the exciting Penguin Beach. The Humboldt penguins are always inquisitive and will immediately waddle over to meet each of the visitors as the penguin expert will introduce them to the guests. Each penguin has a in individual personality that guests will easily be able to recognize.
Unfortunately, guests are not allowed to feed the penguins because they are on a special diet which is quite smelly and the zoo wouldn’t want our guests smelling bad for the rest of their visit.
That in no way lessens the excitement of the experience. One more note of importance is that Penguin Beach is not like other beaches where guests might wear sandals. We strongly advise guests to not wear flip-flops but wear closed toe footwear instead. | <urn:uuid:658449cd-2ec6-488a-994a-1f24fe4c43ad> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://londonrelocation.com/blog/about-living-in-london/a-day-at-the-zoo/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00668.warc.gz | en | 0.950884 | 1,245 | 1.671875 | 2 |
San Francisco Historic District
The Webster Street Historic District consists almost entirely of houses in the Italianate architectural style. The district has a common scale, with nearly uniform height, setback, vertical emphasis and dominant cornice line. The consistency of the Italianate architecture is remarkable. Most of the houses still appear with their original or restored details.
Adapted from Resolution No. 8810 of the San Francisco Planning Commission | <urn:uuid:63998ce8-109f-46be-80e0-053746e267bf> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://noehill.com/sf/landmarks/sf_webster_street.asp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719843.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00292-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.927002 | 82 | 1.664063 | 2 |
Plenty of folks blog without pictures and those that do a good job of it are able to write well. I hope somehow that my mediocre pics and mediocre writing somehow make up for each other or cancel each other out or whatever.
Anyway, back to the subject at hand - Nasturtiums. Both the leaves and flowers are edible; at one time even the flower buds were pickled like capers. I've read that they are sometimes planted beneath fruit trees or tomato or squash vines to trap insects that would like to munch on the more valuable property above them. I plant mine in pots on the front steps with some other herbs like dill and pineapple sage. They have a peppery taste that I like in salads mixed with sweeter greens and the flowers make a pretty garnish.
They are easy to grow from seed and like sun and moisture, but not a rich planting medium as too much fertilizer will keep them from blooming well. Aphids seem to love them and the older leaves develop a strange mottled appearance, so I pick the young leaves for eating. Snails and slugs like them, too. Books say that they're also favored by hummingbirds as each flowers holds a small well of sweet nectar inside it. Last night I added some fresh-picked flowers and leaves to the salads for the bunnies - these and dandelion flowers are a favorite treat. | <urn:uuid:2a34ddc3-6cc0-4f64-a2ad-e7990bf02dad> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://somewhereinnj.blogspot.com/2006/06/nasturtiums.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280763.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00515-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.9724 | 286 | 1.945313 | 2 |
Energy consulting and testing and certification company DNV KEMA will invest approximately EUR 70 million in the expansion of its high-power laboratory in Arnhem, the Netherlands. With the expansion, DNV KEMA creates the first laboratory in the world in the extreme testing segment for the upcoming market for super grids: bulk energy transport at 800 kV+ levels (800,000 V and above). The investment has been made possible by DNV KEMA's majority shareholder, global risk management firm, DNV .
"It is evident that the global demand for electricity will rapidly increase over the next decades. According to independent studies, this growth will translate into a strong increase in investments in the global electricity transmission and distribution infrastructure," says David Walker, CEO, DNV KEMA. "There are four major trends that relate to our future electricity supply. The first trend is the strong increase of distributed and local electricity generation, whereby people will be increasingly self-supporting in relation to their own electricity supply. This includes the development of smart energy services and smart grids, as well as the use of smart appliances."
"The second trend is the development of super grids-a wide, trans-national, or even trans-continental transmission network that facilitates the transport of high volumes of electricity across great distances," continues Walker. These super grids facilitate the integration of large-scale renewable energy. Examples of super grids include long-distance and ultra high-voltage connections between the hydropower stations in the western part of China and the load centers on the east coast of the country, such as Beijing and Shanghai. Other examples can be found in Canada and India, and the possible connection between continental Europe and large-scale solar farms in the Sahara desert in Africa.
"The third trend we have distinguished is the vast growth of global high-voltage power networks and new manufacturers of T&D components, such as circuit breakers and power transformers. Utilities require that these new T&D components are tested and that they function correctly before installing in the power network. This requires more flexible testing facilities at the DNV KEMA High-Power Laboratory."
"The last major trend is that utilities, investors, regulators, and insurance companies, increasingly consider testing a vital element in creating a safe and reliable energy infrastructure. Having non-tested components in a power network may cause unexpected outages with high technical, financial, economic, and social implications."
While new super grid technologies are focused on safety and reliability, there is always a risk of outage. The impact of outages in super grids is huge, both from an economic, social, and technical point of view.
"As millions-and sometimes tens of millions-of people are relying on these super grids for their electricity supply, the necessity for safe and reliable super grids is big," according to Gerd Enoch, global director, Testing, Inspection & Certification, DNV KEMA. Remarkably and paradoxically, testing is not mandatory by law in today's electricity T&D sector. "Excellent functioning of circuit breakers and power transformers for super grids is crucial, as these serve entire metropolitan cities or large regions within a country."
Under the expansion program, DNV KEMA will increase the number of short circuit generators from four to six, and extend the available testing space. As a result, the testing capacity will be technologically and physically expanded.
"The latest technology requires different ways of testing. Components like high-power transformers require very high-power ratings that can only be tested using six short circuit generators, with an equivalent of 15 GW testing power. This equals about two-thirds of the installed capacity in the Netherlands, a country with 16 million inhabitants," says Bas Verhoeven, director, High-Power Laboratory and High-Voltage Laboratory, DNV KEMA.
DNV KEMA's High-Power Laboratory is already the world's largest short-circuit testing lab for T&D networks. It offers testing at power levels that no other laboratory can reach. "With the distances of T&D networks strongly increasing, equipment manufacturers are looking to deploy networks that run at voltages of 800 kV and above," explains Verhoeven. "To ensure safety and reliability of the energy infrastructure, equipment manufacturers need to be able to test components at these extreme power levels. In addition, we will have further testing slots available to meet the high demand from manufacturers and utilities."
Once the expansion is finished in 2015, DNV KEMA's High-Power Laboratory will be the only facilities in the world capable of extreme high-power short-circuit testing at 800 kV levels and above. This will give DNV KEMA a solid platform to grow in an unpopulated market where the entrance barriers are very high.
Strong growth in global electricity demand
The global demand for electricity will strongly increase over the next decades. According to the International Energy Agency's recently published report, World Energy Outlook (WOE) 2012, the global demand for electricity will grow more than 70% to almost 32,000 TWh by 2035. The increase comes overwhelmingly from non-OECD countries; over half from China and India alone. According to the same report, electricity generation from renewable energy sources grows to almost three times its 2010 levels by 2035; its share in the generation mix grows from 20% to 31%. The increase in global electricity demand is related to global economic growth, population growth-especially in emerging countries-as well as the expected increase in the use of electric vehicles, electric appliances, heat pumps, and other forms of electrification.
Need for extra capacity and modernization of electricity infrastructure
The International Energy Agency's WEO report also concluded that an additional 5,890 GW of capacity is needed until 2035-which is more than the total installed global capacity in 2011. One-third of this will replace retiring plants, while the remaining capacity will meet the growing electricity demand. At 3,000 GW, renewable energy resources represent half the capacity additions over the period 2012-2035, followed by gas at 1,400 GW. The total power sector requires an investment of USD 16.9 trillion over 2012-2035-almost half the total energy supply infrastructure investment in this period. Two-fifths of this investment is for electricity networks, while the rest is allocated to generation capacity. | <urn:uuid:0ce11c3e-565e-47b1-be83-c111d187c245> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://tdworld.com/generation-renewables/dnv-kema-expands-high-power-laboratory-netherlands-facilitate-super-grids | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283689.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00347-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.928533 | 1,288 | 1.9375 | 2 |
Paracetamol (brand names Panado®, Tylenol®, Dafalgan®, Empaped®, Antalgic®, Dolorol®, Napamol®, Painamol®, any many, many others) is such a popular pain killer that it almost became the victim of its own success.
When patients are asked “do you have any pain killers at home?”, they often shrug when answering: “not really, just ordinary Panado”. Lots of people consider it so common that it cannot really be much good. Or is it?
Studies have shown that a single dose of paracetamol is more effective against acute pain (e.g. pain after an injury) than codeine or propoxyfene (which are a weaker type of opioids). Combining it with a pain killer from a different group, the NSAID’s like Voltaren®, makes it even more effective. Actually, the combination of these two different types of painkillers relieves pain better than double the dose of each alone!
Side-effects and complications
One of the main attractions of paracetamol is that it has few side-effects. There is no irritation of the stomach, constipation, dizziness or sleepiness, or interference with blood clotting like with other pain killers. This does not mean that paracetamol can be taken with impunity, because there are possible side-effects, and they can be devastating!
One of them is liver failure, especially when paracetamol is taken on a long-term basis, in too high quantities, or in combination with acute or chronic alcohol abuse. One of our university hospitals recently admitted a 42 year old migraine sufferer, who took paracetamol on a regular basis, and who had now taken 2 gram (four tablets) of paracetamol, with a glass of port wine. Three days later she died from liver failure!
Kidney failure is another rare complication. Whether this is due to the paracetamol alone, or due to the fact that paracetamol is often combined by the manufacturer with other painkillers like aspirin, is still under debate. Fact is, however, that long-term intake of paracetamol can pose a risk for renal failure, which is often irreversible, and might necessitate life-long dialysis or a kidney transplant.
Recently it has been shown that paracetamol in combination with aspirin or other NSAID’s increases the risk of these drugs to do damage to the stomach lining, i.e. gastritis or gastric ulcer.
Paracetamol exerts its effect in the brain, it has a so-called central anti-prostaglandin effect. This is probably also the reason why it is a very good anti-pyretic (meaning it brings fever down).
Paracetamol is safe for the newborn and children, but a dose of 90 mg / kg per day should not be exceeded. Give it in four to five divided doses of 15 – 20 mg each. The traditional commercial preparations contain 120 mg/ 5 ml syrup, so a 10 kg baby should not receive more than 5 – 8 ml per dose, and not more than 30 - 35 ml per day of this preparation. To err on the side of safety, one can decrease the administered amount, but the desired pain relief is then often not obtained.
For adults, the recommended maximum daily dose of 4 gram should not be exceeded. This means maximum 1 gram (2 tablets) every six hours.
Because of the possible serious side-effects, care must be taken against chronic intake of paracetamol. Many manufacturers combine paracetamol with other drugs, like caffeine or meprobamate, intended to make you more alert or more sedated.
Often those cocktail drugs (also popular against flu) are totally illogical, and carry a substantial risk for abuse. Many people are known to always have painkillers on them to just pop one when they feel down or stressed out, and become addicted before they realise it. Remember that the side-effects are few, but can be fatal!
Colds and flu
Paracetamol is an extremely popular medication for common cold and flu. Remember that paracetamol (or any other medication) does not cure you from your cold or flu, it will merely take the symptoms away. This means that you will feel a bit better, but the course of the disease is not quicker!
PAIN - A guide to therapy
Arthritis, Pain and Inflammation
Arthritis Foundation of South Africa
Multiple Sclerosis South Africa
The South African Society of Physiotherapy | <urn:uuid:ecb26d81-4ae0-4a27-a1b4-459497e63dd8> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.health24.com/Medical/Pain-Management/Different-painkilling-drugs/Paracetamol-20120721 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280310.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00187-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.940842 | 964 | 2.1875 | 2 |
Definition of Military Justice
Military Justice in the United States is a separate system for the discipline and/or punishment of military personnel, authorized by the Constitution and authored by the Legislative and Executive branches of the United States government, with the Supreme Court as the final arbiter of matters brought under it.
BLACK'S LAW DICTIONARY. 1083 (9th ed. 2009) defines it as, "a structure of punitive measures designed to foster order, morale, and discipline within the military."
According to BLACK'S LAW DICTIONARY 1083 (9th ed. 2009) military law is the branch of public law governing military discipline and other rules regarding service in the armed services. It is exercised both in peacetime and in war, is recognized by civil courts, and includes rules far broader than for the punishment of offenders. --also termed military justice - Sometimes loosely termed martial law.
The Constitution of the United States
The Congress shall have Power To lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence and general Welfare of the United States; but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform throughout the United States; ...
To provide for calling forth the Militia to execute the Laws of the Union, suppress Insurrections and repel Invasions;
To provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining, the Militia, and for governing such Part of them as may be employed in the Service of the United States, reserving to the States respectively, the Appointment of the Officers, and the Authority of training the Militia according to the discipline prescribed by Congress;
The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the Militia of the several States, when called into the actual Service of the United States; he may require the Opinion, in writing, of the principal Officer in each of the executive Departments, upon any Subject relating to the Duties of their respective Offices, and he shall have Power to grant Reprieves and Pardons for Offences against the United States, except in Cases of Impeachment.
No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation. | <urn:uuid:3b5dbac4-9b32-43a3-8c4c-49cf7a3ecf30> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://libguides.stcl.edu/militaryjustice | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279224.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00486-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.938477 | 567 | 3.171875 | 3 |
Nitinol (°°50% nickel, °°50% titanium) alloys exhibit two closely related and very unique properties: shape memory and superelasticity (also called pseudoelasticity). Shape memory refers to the ability of Nitinol to undergo deformation at one temperature, and then recover its original, undeformed shape upon heating above its "transformation temperature." Superelasticity occurs at a narrow temperature range just above its transformation temperature. In this case, no heating is necessary to cause the undeformed shape to recover, and the material exhibits enormous elasticity – some 10-30 times that of ordinary metal.
Nitinol's extraordinary ability to accommodate large strains, coupled with its physiological and chemical compatibility with the human body have made it one of the most commonly used materials in medical device engineering and design. One such application for nitinol alloys is medical stents.
Shape setting refers to the process used to form Nitinol. Whether the Nitinol is superelastic or shape memory, in the cold work or straightened condition, it is often necessary to form the material into a new “memory” shape. This is done by firmly constraining the material into its new shape in a fixture or on a mandrel and then performing a heat treatment. The heating method can be an air or vacuum furnace, salt bath, sand bath, heated die or other heating method. The temperature should be in the range of 500-550°C (930-1020°F) with higher temperatures resulting in lower tensile strengths. Cooling should be rapid to avoid aging effects, a water quench is recommended. The heat-treatment time should be such that the material reaches the desired temperature throughout its cross-section. This depends on the mass of the fixture and material and the heating method. Times may be less than a minute for heating small parts in a salt bath or heated die. Times may be much longer (10-20 minutes) for heating massive fixtures in a furnace with an air or argon atmosphere. In these cases, a thermocouple in contact with the material or fixture is recommended. In all cases, experimentation for the proper time and temperature will be required to determine the combination that gives the desired results.
Aging can be done to raise the A ftemperature of superelastic Nitinol components. Aging is done by heat treating to about 475°C (890°F) for extended periods. Aging and shape setting can be done simultaneously by firmly constraining the material to its new shape in a fixture and heating to around 475°C (890°F) for up to an hour. Longer times result in higher Aftemperatures. Aging can also be done on material that was previously shape set. As with shape setting, aging times must be determined experimentally because they depend on the processing history of the material, the heating method and temperature. It is advisable to perform a water quench after aging to sharply define the heating time. | <urn:uuid:9b762446-079d-4d1a-a222-009f25fd5372> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.industrialheating.com/blogs/14-industrial-heating-experts-speak-blog/post/88984-heat-treatment-of-nitinol-alloys-part-1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.927847 | 625 | 3.21875 | 3 |
Mar 12, 2013
113th Congress, 2013–2015
Died in a previous Congress
This bill was introduced on March 12, 2013, in a previous session of Congress, but was not enacted.
Delegate for the Virgin Islands
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Last Updated: Mar 12, 2013
Length: 2 pages
Earlier Version — Introduced
This activity took place on a related bill, H.R. 3979 (112th).
This is the first step in the legislative process.
H.R. 1085 (113th) was a bill in the United States Congress.
A bill must be passed by both the House and Senate in identical form and then be signed by the President to become law.
This bill was introduced in the 113th Congress, which met from Jan 3, 2013 to Jan 2, 2015. Legislation not enacted by the end of a Congress is cleared from the books.
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Civic Impulse. (2017). H.R. 1085 — 113th Congress: To amend the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States to extend to 2025 the ... Retrieved from https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/113/hr1085
“H.R. 1085 — 113th Congress: To amend the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States to extend to 2025 the ...” www.GovTrack.us. 2013. January 21, 2017 <https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/113/hr1085>
|title=H.R. 1085 (113th)
|accessdate=January 21, 2017
|author=113th Congress (2013)
|date=March 12, 2013
|quote=To amend the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States to extend to 2025 the ...
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GovTrack automatically collects legislative information from a variety of governmental and non-governmental sources. This page is sourced primarily from Congress.gov, the official portal of the United States Congress. Congress.gov is generally updated one day after events occur, and so legislative activity shown here may be one day behind. Data via the congress project. | <urn:uuid:c895667a-352a-49aa-97e1-c9c3a3e8f4f1> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/113/hr1085 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280929.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00429-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.892258 | 479 | 2.109375 | 2 |
Question about CE Software Startly Technologies Quickeys X2 (4x20eu04) for PC, Mac
If you have visual basic project then go to www.planet-source-code.com. you will find there
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Step 2: Please assign your manual to a product: | <urn:uuid:2399235f-650e-45ee-a431-a4544755c031> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.fixya.com/support/t488486-visul_basic | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281331.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00220-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.856617 | 362 | 2.40625 | 2 |
When Kanshi Ram first visited Mayawati’s home, her biographer Ajoy Bose writes, she ‘announced somewhat piously, ‘I am studying to pass the IAS exams and become a collector so that I can serve my community properly’.’ Kanshi Ram’s prophetic reply summed up the essence of power in India: “I can make you such a big leader one day that not one, but a whole row of collectors will line up with files in front of you, waiting for orders.” Collectors cowering in Mayawati’s presence are a fact of life in Uttar Pradesh today.
She is not the only one to have realised Kanshi Ram’s prediction. MG Ramachandran could have, perhaps even more theatrically, made the same promise to his protégé and love, Jayalalithaa. When I was reporting on a story on Jayalalithaa in 2005, I was told by an industrialist that as Tamil Nadu Chief Minister, “She sits behind a bare table, several top bureaucrats of the state are seated in a row to her left. As the visitor enters the room, she rises to greet him; so do the bureaucrats, but their eyes are turned towards Jayalalithaa. When everyone is seated, she focuses on the business at hand. She turns to the bureaucrat concerned, who gets up and stands silently, hands folded. She interprets his silence to the visitor, letting him know if a particular demand can be conceded or not.”
Mamata Banerjee, meanwhile, has only begun work on ensuring that a bureaucracy long used to other ways of working falls in line. A senior bureaucrat in West Bengal was recently quoted in the media as saying, “As Chief Minister [of the state], she can always express her displeasure [of] any officer in a private meeting with the officer concerned. But the kind of dressing down senior officers are receiving in the presence of junior officers is insulting and demoralising.”
Mamata Banerjee’s aim, presumably, is to replicate what she achieved at the Centre in the Union Railway Ministry, where even junior officers reporting to her office would take their orders directly from her. Even a matter as trivial as a day’s leave for any of them had to be sanctioned by her, often through a text message.
The result in each case is the same: authority is centralised in the charismatic figure of a chief minister who embodies her party.
THE QUESTION OF GENDER
Politically, between them, Mayawati, Mamata Banerjee and Jayalalithaa control the destiny of 360 million people, roughly 30 per cent of the Indian population. They answer to no one, they seem to trust no one, and they do not subscribe to the politics of dynasty (after all, they are single without any heirs in sight), or for that matter the politics of ideology as usually understood in Indian politics (each has supported both the Congress and BJP at the Centre). They also happen to be women in power in a country where this is uncommon.
Since Independence, India has had 14 women chief ministers: five of the Congress, three of the BJP, Janaki Ramachandran (MGR’s wife who was CM for a month), Rabri Devi (Lalu Prasad’s’s wife), Shashikala Kakodkar (the second CM of Goa after her father Dayanand Bandodkar), and of course Mayawati, Jayalalithaa and Mamata.
In this long list, it is only the last three who have achieved power without belonging to a national party or on the dint of kinship through marriage or birth.
It has been argued that Mayawati and Jayalalithaa were mentored by Kanshi Ram and MG Ramachandran, respectively, and, like all women who enter the arena of politics, needed male patronage to succeed. True as this may be, it leaves out one essential fact. Neither Mayawati nor Jayalalithaa attained her power because she was related to any mentor. The nature of either relationship may have been physical; however, as Ajoy Bose’s book relates, Kanshi Ram sought out Mayawati not because of any such attraction, but because he saw a certain potential that he backed even when his own compatriots and family opposed her. In Jayalalithaa’s case, MGR chose her to enter politics a decade after he met her, over objections by his own family and party. She eventually had to best his wife Janaki politically to succeed in this new role. Both Kanshi Ram and MGR detected political potential in the women. None of this can be said about the women who first inherited power purely through birth or marriage, such as Rabri Devi or even Sonia Gandhi. Perhaps Indira Gandhi falls somewhere inbetween, encouraged to join politics by her father Jawaharlal Nehru but not selected to succeed him. And, in a sense, of the women politicians from the Congress and BJP, Indira Gandhi and Uma Bharati in their attitude and politics are the closest to these three women.
In an insightful essay, Madhu Kishwar asked the question, ‘How do we account for the extraordinary clout these women, who came to power in such different ways, have acquired within their parties, the awe they inspire among fellow politicians, and the enormous hold they have over the popular imagination?’ Her answer is worth reproducing in some detail: ‘One common characteristic that Jayalalithaa, Mamata, Mayawati, and to a much lesser extent Sonia Gandhi, share with each other is that they act as though no one could get away with trying to intimidate them...The mesmeric power these women exercise over our political life provides us with interesting insights into the Indian male psyche. While Indian men have made it fairly difficult for ordinary women to feel comfortable as equal participants in the political domain, they tend to succumb easily to the demands of women who have the shrewdness and determination to grasp some dynastic or other leverage that provides them with the crucial opportunity to demonstrate that they are stronger and more resilient than the entire range of men in our politics …’
Further, Kishwar writes: ‘This is a variation of our family scene wherein many men find it hard to deal with wives desiring equality. But the very same man has no difficulty in accepting his mother as an authority figure … or even a wife who begins to assume matriarchal authority. Most women, trapped in dependency, don’t often get to be taken seriously. However, when they manoeuvre themselves into a superior position, whether as mothers, elder sisters, grandmothers, aunts or even well established wives, they acquire numerous advantages that accumulate, including certain well defined rights to order and command.’
Consider the terms used for the three chief ministers: ‘Amma’, ‘Behenji’ and ‘Didi’. These confirm Kishwar’s arguments. These CMs are seen as matriarchal figures, a mother or an elder sister, as the case may be. Such a role almost demands that their sexuality be toned down. This has always been the case with Mamata, with her plain cotton saris, and to a great extent with Mayawati. In Jayalalithaa’s case, sociologist MSS Pandian once told me that it is interesting to note that while she inherited MGR’s legacy, which was built around his image of a larger-than-life film star, the way she projected herself was very different: “You can see it in the way she has completely disassociated herself from her cinematic past. Her cape, the term ‘Amma’, all this seeks to de-sexualise her, distance her from her cinematic image. There was a lesson on Jayalalithaa in [Tamil Nadu] school texts, it contained no references to her association with cinema.”
THE CULT OF THE GODDESS
Kishwar goes on to argue, ‘As pointed out very elegantly by AK Ramanujan, in India we have two kinds of goddesses—the benign consort goddesses like Parvati and Lakshmi… People revere but do not fear them. By contrast, there are far more numerous non-consort goddesses who are far more powerful… As with all the ferocious goddesses of Indian mythology and village lore, Jayalalithaa justifies her authoritarian ways and her vindictive politics as the legitimate response of a woman long wronged and exploited by men, till she rose in fury and decided to give tit for tat, and gave ten kicks for every one she received.’
In 1984, after MGR’s death, his body was placed on a gun carriage for the funeral procession. Millions of viewers watched on TV as Jayalalithaa was pulled away from the carriage by Janaki’s relatives.
‘Mamata,’ continues Kishwar, ‘has built her political career more in the tradition of an avenging deity than a politician. She presents herself as a victim of the CPM’s dictatorship who will not rest till she has destroyed their power. Mayawati does not use any personal history of persecution but claims to be avenging the collective, historic insults heaped upon the entire Dalit community.’ This is certainly true insofar as her identity as a Dalit is concerned, but she does often invoke the Samajwadi Party’s assault on her in a guesthouse in Lucknow when it was clear that the BSP had brought down the coalition government with the SP in 1995.
This cult is carefully nurtured and reinforced by each of them. In Mayawati’s case, the monuments built during her rule speak for themselves. She is the presiding female deity in the temples built to celebrate a religion that commences with Ambedkar, is taken forward by Kanshi Ram, and culminates in her success.
Explaining Jayalalithaa, V Geetha, editor of Chennai-based Tara Publishing, had once told me, “During her first phase in power, she tried to create a cultic image. There was an active identification with religious symbols through the huge cutouts on every street corner — Jayalalithaa astride a lion, Jayalalithaa as Mother Mary.” A signboard even dared to proclaim, ‘Henceforth History will be Her Story.’ Soon enough, MGR, much like Kanshi Ram in Mayawati’s case, was a figure relegated to the background.
In Mamata’s case, it suffices to quote a news item: ‘There were long queues of people at West Bengal Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee’s house here Thursday as she gave away Kali puja ‘prasad’, greeting VIPs and commoners alike…. Banerjee has been organising the puja at her Kalighat residence in south Kolkata since 1978, when she was a student leader. This year, the event was special... The doors of her spartan residence on Harish Chatterjee Street were thrown open to the public. Thanks to her instructions, the security was never obtrusive. Thousands of her supporters visited the single storey house throughout the day to watch the puja on the courtyard and for a glimpse of the popular politician widely known as ‘Didi’. “This is the 34th year of Kali worship in our house. It was her [Mamata Banerjee’s] idea. The rituals are conducted by strictly following the scriptures,” said a member of the household.’
In a state where the Cult of the Goddess is all important, it is not difficult for people to make the association.
THE POLITICS OF PERSONALITY
Such a cult does not allow for friends or equals. Authority such as this has to go unquestioned. To find oneself in such a role is to be beset by a deep insecurity. There is no one you can completely trust. This is not peculiar to Mayawati, Jayalalithaa or Mamata. Regional parties built around a cult of personality tend to force the same insecurity on every politician, be it Mulayam Singh or MK Karunanidhi. But as women who have had to renounce their sexuality, they do not have families to turn to, whereas Mulayam has his son, and Karunanidhi has an entire clan.
This insecurity has defined the politics of these three leaders. Mayawati has, from the time she achieved power, worked to get rid of Dalit leaders who trace their roots in the BSP back to Kanshi Ram, or show signs of establishing a presence of their own. At a time when the party was showing significant progress in Madhya Pradesh, she threw out Phool Singh Baraiyya, the one leader who had worked to ensure this. In Punjab, another state where the BSP was a significant force, old associates of Kanshi Ram like Satnam Singh Kainth have left the party.
The only people Mayawati has trusted, and even this trust is not permanent, are those who can be no threat—such as Pawan Sagar, who went from being her travel agent to her officer-on-special-duty, his wife Poonam, a beauty parlour owner responsible for her makeover, who became a confidante, her one-time telephone operator BS Khushwaha, who represented Other Backward Castes in the party and has now suffered the ignominy of expulsion. The lawyer SC Mishra, who was advocate general of UP during her last tenure and has wooed many of the state’s Brahmins to her side, and Naseemuddin Siddiqui are perhaps the only people in her inner circle with minds and opinions of their own, but then a Brahmin or Muslim can never pose a real threat to her within a party that depends heavily on Dalit votes.
Much the same is true of Jayalalithaa. RR Gopal, editor of Tamil weekly Nakheeran, who has always been at loggerheads with her, had once pointed out, “She has never retained any acquaintance of hers except for Sasikala. After MGR’s death, when one group of the party wanted to eliminate her politically, she absconded to Bangalore for three months. Several prominent AIADMK leaders went there to persuade her to change her mind. Today, not one of them is in favour.” Today, even Sasikala is out of favour, at least for the moment.
It is a pattern Mamata has replicated. She may seek others’ advice, but in the end every decision is her own, often catching even her close advisors by surprise. In the recent Parliamentary vote on the Lokpal Bill, her party MPs had voted with the Government in the Lok Sabha. They were only following a line she had laid down. The vote took place late at night, and they did not consult her immediately before. The next day, they were reprimanded for failing to do so, and Mamata had changed her stand without even the next seniormost member of her party knowing why.
This overt control extends to someone such as Dinesh Trivedi, her handpicked successor at the Railway Ministry, who does not take any major decision without her approval. When he suggested that fares be rationalised by rounding them off to the nearest multiple of ten, it was not the PM or Union Cabinet, but Mamata who vetoed the idea.
THE REALITY OF POLITICS
The question of where their political ambitions will take them next is crucial to the future of Indian politics. And it would not come as a surprise to anyone that each sees herself as a potential Prime Minister.
Writing of the 2009 polls, Ajoy Bose had stated, ‘Mayawati’s chances of becoming Prime Minister depend on how the political melting pot … gets stirred…. A supreme opportunist who has always managed to exploit other people’s compulsions and vulnerabilities to her advantage, the BSP leader is capable of doing business with both the Congress and BJP.’
This remains as true today, and it applies in equal measure to Mamata and Jayalalithaa as well. The Uttar Pradesh polls are crucial. If Mayawati’s BSP emerges as the single largest party and can form a government in Lucknow without the Congress, then we would see a scenario in which general elections are likely sooner than later. Both Jayalalithaa and Mamata have just come off strong Assembly victories, and each sees far greater chances of gathering the same voteshare if Lok Sabha polls are held before their 2014 schedule.
Notably, neither of them has any compunctions doing business with the Congress or BJP. In fact, in their home states, each has only gained at the expense of either of the two national parties.
At the national level, their presence in any alliance with the BJP does ensure one thing, a moderation of extreme Hindutva, since they are dependent on at least a portion of Muslim votes in their own states. But beyond this, they see their involvement with regular national-level politics purely in terms of the advantages they obtain from the Central Government.
If and when the hypothetical situation does crop up, the question is who will be the most likely contender. Mamata’s aim had always been to eject Communists from power. She has achieved that in West Bengal, and she already seems to be floundering. This is a problem she will soon realise she needs to address: who does she speak for and what does she stand for? She only has to look at the other contenders. Jayalalithaa only represents herself; the ideological impetus that formed the basis for the Dravidian assertion in Tamil Nadu had been subsumed under the cult of personality even before she joined politics. This leaves Mayawati. Of the three, she is the only one who stands for something larger than herself. Just by being in power, she confers Dalits in India with something significant, the confidence to deal with local authorities on equal terms in day-to-day transactions. That already is a lot more than can be said about most Prime Ministers this country has had. | <urn:uuid:1e468191-a772-40cd-a735-b0c72821e475> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.openthemagazine.com/article/india/didi-amma-behenji | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285289.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00145-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.977707 | 3,873 | 1.734375 | 2 |
There’s so much structured data on websites that would be useful for journalists or data enthusiasts if only they could get their hands on it, like listings on online directories, real estate sites, social networks, online shopping sites and government agency landing pages.
However, most sites don’t offer the functionality to copy the data into a nice, machine-readable format like a spreadsheet. If you want that data, you often have to manually copy and paste from the website into Excel or Google Sheets.
This takes forever, and most people can’t afford to make an intern do it or use a service like Amazon Mechanical Turk.
What is web scraping?
Web scraping (also known as screen scraping, web data extraction or web harvesting) is a programming technique to automate the copying and pasting process in a fraction of the time.
Some methods include using libraries from programming languages like Python and R. There are also programs that have been built specifically for web scraping.
We’ll go over how to use one of them, Import.io in this tutorial.
Is web scraping ethical?
I believe it is because there’s no technical difference between a person copying and pasting the information versus a computer.
However, there are ways in which it can be unethical.
- Taking and displaying personal information.
- Scraping too much, too often, resulting in something akin to a “Denial of Service” attack when their server is overloaded with your requests.
- Copying and displaying their content wholesale.
Don’t do any of the above. It’s not nice.
Difficulty level: Beginners.
Download the app import.io and install it. There’s a version for Mac and PC.
Navigating the program
Start it up and click on New at the top right.
You’ve got a lot of options.
- Magic – Tries to detect the data and structure based on the URL you feed it
- Extractor – Gives you more control by letting you choose what specific data you want
- Classic Extractor – Same as Extractor but in a different format
- Authenticated Extractor – Same as Extractor but for websites you have to log into first
- Crawler – A sophisticated version that’s more advanced and gives you more control
- Connector – Sort of a mashup between an extractor and a crawler
Go ahead and click on Magic under the New pulldown menu.
This is a list of “most popular” sites that people like to scrape.
Intro to Zillow data
Click on the Zillow button.
This is the data that Import.io has detected and has guessed the structure for on Zillow.com.
Do you see the similarities to the data from the original website?
Click on Download CSV at the bottom right (Or Extract Data at the top right).
You can select how many pages of data to download.
This is what the exported data looks like.
It’s rough and needs cleaning up, but now you can do a bunch of data analyses on it.
What do you think you can do with this type of data?
Scraping from Airbnb
Click New > Extractor
Let’s take a look at AirBNB data
Type in airbnb.com into the URL bar at the top of the app.
Search for Hartford, CT.
Click the ON button at the top left.
Are you sure? Yes.
We need to train the import.io app to recognize the data and sort them into a data frame.
Hover over the data you want to train.
Hover over the $90 until it turns orange.
We want to turn each of these listings into a row of a spreadsheet.
Select Many rows.
This is also a link, would you like to add this too?
We’re going to need it later.
We can continue to click on +New Column and hover and click for every facet that we want…
Or we can just click Suggest Data and it will guess what we want.
Go ahead and click it.
OK, that’s a lot of interesting data.
It’s pretty much what we want.
Click Done at the top right.
You’ve created an API.
Name it and click Publish.
You’ll be brought to your import.io library.
The problem here is that you’ve only got one page of data.
That means 18 results from the page. There might be hundreds more.
Fortunately, there’s an option for Bulk Extract.
Give it a list of URLs with structure similar to the original one and it will pull out the data.
We need to get the links for the other pages.
Right click on the 2 link at the bottom and copy the link.
The link looks like
And it appears there are 13 pages total.
You could paste this link into the import.io box 13 times and just change the number from 2 to 3 to 4, etc.
But here’s a quicker way.
Open up Google Spreadsheets.
The only thing that changes from page to page in the URL is the number at the very end.
So let’s make a formula that let’s us change it easily.
Delete the 2.
Type it into the column to the right.
You’re separating it.
Drag down the URL so that it copies down for 13 rows.
Put in the numbers so it counts incrementally.
Now, let’s use a formula in the next column to bring those two together.
Drag the formula down so it fills out.
Now you have a list of URLs.
Copy that column over to the import.io app and place it in the Bulk Extract box.
Click Run Query
It will tell you that 14/14 URLs have been processed (1 URL failed because it looked for page 14 when it only goes up to 13)
Click the Export button at the top right when you’re done.
Now you have a new data set to analyze.
The data set also includes links to specific pages for each AirBNB listing that will include more specific information, such as amenities and neighborhood.
It’s a little rough and will require thorough cleaning, but it’s a start. You’ll definitely need to eliminate duplicates, but fortunately there’s another Trend CT tutorial on that. | <urn:uuid:084b6c2f-d711-48ce-be49-0294e7c22e29> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://trendct.org/2016/01/08/how-to-scrape-airbnb-data-without-programming-using-import-io/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282202.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00546-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.889897 | 1,376 | 2.578125 | 3 |
Every Child Ready to Read® @ your library® is a program of the Association for Library Service to Children and Public Library Association, divisions of the American Library Association.
Use IndyPL’s Read Right Now! pages to have fun at home doing the five things that build early reading skills: Reading, Playing, Writing, Singing & Talking. Find books to read, songs to listen to, games to play, crafts to make and more! Things you can do RIGHT NOW, at home – no waiting!
The Little Red Hen’s friends are lazy and don’t want to do any work to make the cake they want to eat…kind of like children sometimes! Books are a great way to help children understand what it means to help out and be part of a team that gets things done. Sometimes, the thing that needs done is keeping the toys picked up and the house clean. Sometimes, the thing is setting the table so the family can eat. Sometimes the thing is simply saying thank you.
FREE Online eBooks about Helping:
eBooks & eAudiobooks about Helping to Check out with your Library Card:
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- Free Read Along eBooks for Kids from Hoopla – Borrow with your library card.
Printables, Crafts & More about Helping:
- Printable: Between the Lions: Early Literacy Activity Guide for The Little Red Hen
- Printable: Stick Puppet Patterns to Tell the Story of The Little Red Hen
- Printable: Mini Book “The Little Red Hen” + Other Activities
- Printable: Clifford’s Big Idea – Help Others
- Printable: Clifford’s Big Idea – Work Together
- Online Game: Curious George Everything Must Go
- Online Game: Flo and Zo Sort It Out | <urn:uuid:fbda2059-6fa3-4f8a-8e49-7acca221d5dd> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.imcpl.org/readytoread/?p=1548 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280891.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00163-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.854252 | 456 | 2.234375 | 2 |
How Animal Control Authorities Can Help a Barking Dog Problem
Got a barking dog in your neighborhood? If your efforts at working something out with your dog-owning neighbor haven't succeeded, talk to the animal control department in your city or county. The people there are likely to be more receptive than the police or other municipal officials.
When you call, don't just make your complaint and hang up. If it's really a persistent problem, you need to be persistent, too. Find out how to follow up and get results. Ask the person you talk to—and write down his name, so you won't have to explain your problem every time you call—about the department's procedures. Find out what the department will do, and when. For example, if the problem is a barking dog, the department may need to receive a certain number of complaints within a certain time before it will act. If that's the case, you may want to discuss the problem with neighbors; if they feel as you do, enlist their help.
Some cities have set up special programs to handle dog complaints. The animal control department establishes a simple procedure for making a complaint, and follows up promptly—and repeatedly, if necessary. This is a great idea, for two main reasons. First, it gives a specific city official or department—usually the health, police, or public safety department—responsibility for the problem. Otherwise, if it's not clear who's primarily responsible, someone with a complaint is likely to get shuffled from department to department, explaining the problem to six different people during each call.
A dog complaint program also lets everyone—dog owners and their neighbors—know what they can expect. A predictable system of warnings and sanctions tells dog owners what's expected of them and lets neighbors know what it will take to solve a problem before it drives everyone in the neighborhood batty. Of course, it doesn't do much good unless these rules are published and readily available—which, unfortunately, is rare. | <urn:uuid:f685341e-18f8-4964-8751-874628056260> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/free-books/dog-book/chapter7-5.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280900.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00007-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.962471 | 407 | 2.59375 | 3 |
EPA's Use of Funds for Brownfields
RCED-00-32R: Published: Oct 27, 1999. Publicly Released: Nov 10, 1999.
- Full Report:
Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO provided information on the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) use of funds for its brownfield-related initiatives, focusing on the: (1) amount of funds that EPA actually obligated in fiscal years (FY) 1997-1999; (2) amount it plans to obligate in FY 2000; and (3) number of grants and agreements that EPA awarded or plans to award with these funds, along with the recipients of these awards.
GAO noted that: (1) EPA obligated $37.2 million in FY 1997, $88.2 million in FY 1998, and $91.1 million in FY 1999 for brownfield assessments and cleanup activities; (2) the agency plans to obligate $91.2 million in FY 2000; and (3) EPA is conducting these activities primarily through more than 800 grants, agreements, and contracts with states, tribes, local governments, and private entities, such as universities and research organizations. | <urn:uuid:3668e4c3-44c2-47ed-982a-e85e931abd45> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://gao.gov/products/RCED-00-32R | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280718.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00403-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.926858 | 240 | 1.976563 | 2 |
What are university campuses for? They are places where individuals, singly or in groups, may speak, listen, read and write and think for the sake of learning and excellence. Disruptive behaviour — especially continual, amplified noise — makes it difficult, indeed impossible to conduct any of these activities. And since they are integral to the business of teaching, learning, research and related administration, premises that foster disruptiveness and hinder academic progress should cease to be considered fit for use as a university. So, if 13 departments of Calcutta University cannot function properly in their traditional location because of noisy and uncontrollable politicking, then it is perhaps a good idea — from a strictly pragmatic point of view — to move them to where they may get on with their usual business without interruptions and annoyance.
It is true, though, that to be forced to do this is an admission of one kind of failure — the failure to maintain law and order in the campus so that students can study and attend classes and teachers can teach. To maintain discipline is one of the important functions of the university authorities, and to admit to not being able to do so speaks of an unfortunate state of affairs in the realms of both higher education and politics in West Bengal. This is the only reason why the vice-chancellor’s wondering aloud whether the departments may be relocated is to be lamented. To say that Pali has been taught in a particular building for more than hundred years and therefore it cannot be taught anywhere else is to take the respect for tradition or heritage a little too far. Of course, the College Street buildings of the university are very old and some worthy activities have been conducted in them for a long time. But it is more important to ensure that these activities are allowed to continue than to preserve heritage — whatever that may mean in this context — at the cost of the university’s primary academic function. Calcutta University’s current condition, together with its continuation into the future, is far more important than the glories of its past — a somewhat obvious fact that is applicable to most gloriously pedigreed institutions in Bengal, and indeed to the state itself. Ensuring that classes are not disrupted is crucial. But the question of discipline, and of law and order, should not be ignored as well. | <urn:uuid:6b41190e-3c51-4c0c-bc85-58af8ba345ab> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.telegraphindia.com/1121205/jsp/opinion/story_16273074.jsp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283301.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00503-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.964761 | 467 | 2.140625 | 2 |
I just purchased an Alberg 30
in an auction
for a low price
. Why so low? Because the rudder
needs considerable work. Alberg
30s have one pintle and one gudgeon about midway on the rudder
and a pintle at the bottom of the rudder that fits into a rudder shoe attached to the hull
. The shoes are prone to decay, which was the case on the Alberg
I just bought. The former owner wanted to do a repair and purchased the new fittings (i.e. pintle, gudgeon, rudder shoe). Good. But unfortunately the fiberglass
at the bottom of the rudder has crumbled right at the point where the pintle fits into the shoe. The rudder thus needs to be taken off the boat and reglassed before it is going to support the pintle. This maneuver is in itself complicated because the boat has to be lifted in order to extend the shaft to slide the rudder off. I've uploaded a picture to help visualize all this.
The boat is now in a high-end marina with high-end prices. I had planned to sail it out of there. My question is this: Would I have enough stability for the rudder if I install a second pintle-gudgeon set at the bottom of the rudder in place of the rudder shoe? This would be a temporary solution so I could sail the boat to my marina about 50 nm from where it is now and later do the permanent repairs
the boat needs.
I would really appreciate any advice. | <urn:uuid:b7b72762-517e-4aa2-93e0-4ffe22fa1162> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.cruisersforum.com/forums/f47/rudder-system-on-alberg-30-a-170839.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279915.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00282-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.962047 | 331 | 1.625 | 2 |
I realize that asking for information from a general-interest forum is not the ideal way to get all pertinent details, but I was hoping that someone might be able to shed some light something I came across.
I finished my taxes for this year, and since I’m getting married in…holy crap, we’re down to five weeks left :eek:. Um, anyway, I’m getting married in March, so I decided to run some “what-ifs” through turbotax to get an idea how things will look for us next year.
We wanted to compare our tax liability filing married jointly vs. separately. Since we don’t have too many complications in our financials, it did end up being more advantageous to file jointly. But that’s not my question.
In the course of doing my “married filing separately”, Turbotax pointed out that I was over my IRA contribution limit. Some digging around in the IRS site brought up this publication that states that if you are married and filing separately, and you lived with your spouse during the year, and your Adjusted Gross Income is over $10,000, you can not contribute to a Roth. And if you did, you have to remove the contribution or pay an excise tax.
My question is: why? AIUI, contributions to a Roth IRA has no impact on taxable income so why does filing status affect the contribution limits? Is it to prevent people from contributing beyond the regular limits by shifting income between spouses? I see that singles can make the full Roth contribution if they have AGI < $99k, while for married jointly only if total AGI < $156k. So I suppose if one person made more than $99k and the other made less, without this restriction they could theoretically “shift” income (not wages, but maybe earned interest, investment returns, etc) to the lower earner to let the higher earner make a full contribution. But why such a low income level for filing separately? My first guess would’ve been that the income level for filing separately would be half the joint amount.
Again, I only came across this during a “what if” scenario. I’m filing as single this year, and we’re going to be filing married-jointly next year. If the above scenario was going to actually apply to me, I’d definitely be going to a financial and/or tax expert. But since I’m just trying to wrap my head around some (seemingly) inane IRS stipulations, I thought the SDMB could provide some information. | <urn:uuid:f01e8229-e103-4c38-97be-8dcd20061cfe> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://boards.straightdope.com/t/tax-question-roth-iras-and-married-filing-separately/435763 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571190.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810131127-20220810161127-00071.warc.gz | en | 0.969692 | 552 | 1.679688 | 2 |
UNION Hall was the setting for a a special ceremony at the weekend for a naming ceremony for the local RNLI’s Atlantic 85 lifeboat, Christine and Raymond Fielding.
The funding for the lifeboat came from the late Dr Raymond Fielding, a keen mariner and proud Corkman. While Raymond and his wife Christine did not live to see the lifeboat put into service, Raymond asked that it bear both their names.
The lifeboat has been in service since June 2021, but the ceremony was postponed due to Covid, to allow the community to celebrate together.
The lifeboat was officially handed into the care of the institution by Eddie Fitzgerald, a close friend of the Fieldings. The couple were described by Mr Fitzgerald as a ‘great team’ who had been married for 48 years before Christine predeceased Raymond. The Fieldings loved sailing, and spent a lot of time in West Cork.
RNLI trustee John Killeen accepted the lifeboat from Mr Fitzgerald, on behalf of the charity, before giving it into the care of Union Hall Lifeboat Station, who were represented by deputy launching authority Peter Deasy.
‘All of us in the RNLI are one crew and we need the tools of the trade to carry out our lifesaving work,’ said Mr Killeen. ‘One part of that is the lifeboat, while the other is our volunteers. The lifeboat crew give a lot of their time and take a risk in going out to save people. It’s a fantastic day for the community here in Union Hall.’
Mr Deasy added: ‘While we’re sad to say farewell to our former lifeboat Margaret Bench of Solihull, which has served the station faithfully for five years, we look forward to writing a new chapter in the station’s history with the arrival of this new Atlantic class lifeboat.’
He said the Atlantic class lifeboat means that Union Hall RNLI now has the latest and finest rescue equipment available. ‘I know that when the crews head out to sea, we will have peace of mind that this lifeboat will help to keep them safe. We also remember the people who worked so hard in setting up this station and who sadly are no longer with us, particularly Paddy O’Donovan, our former chairperson of the lifeboat station, who was passionate about establishing a lifeboat here.’
A service of dedication was led by Reverend Chris Peters and Father Gerard Thornton, and the lifeboat was officially named by Bill Deasy, Union Hall RNLI boathouse manager, with the occasion being marked by helm Chris Collins pouring champagne over the bow of the lifeboat.
A vote of thanks was delivered by Brian Crowley, chairperson of Union Hall RNLI. Music for the ceremony was provided by St Fachtna’s Silver Band and The Union Hall and Castlehaven Parish Choir. MC for the event was fundraising chairperson Carmel McKenna.
The Atlantic 85 class lifeboat is one of the fastest vessels in the fleet and has a top speed is 35 knots. Designed to operate in shallower water, the B class can handle challenging open sea conditions. It is ideal for rescues close to shore, near cliffs and rocks, and areas inaccessible to all-weather lifeboats. It is also capable of being beached in an emergency without sustaining damage to the engines. In addition to night vision equipment, the B class lifeboat carries a searchlight and parachute illuminating flares to light up the surrounding area, helping to keep crew members safe, as well as locate those in need of help.
The B class has a manually operated righting mechanism in the event of a capsize which involves inflating a bag on top of the roll bar.
The engines are inversion-proofed so that they shut down should the lifeboat capsize and can be restarted after she has been righted.
The boat replaces the Atlantic 75 lifeboat, Margaret Bench of Solihull, which had been in service since 2017. Before this, the lifeboat Maritime Nation was in service from 2014. Both lifeboats came from the RNLI’s relief fleet, making the Christine and Raymond Fielding the first lifeboat to be built specially for service at Union Hall RNLI.
Since the station opened in 2014, Union Hall RNLI has launched 68 times and brought 98 people to safety. | <urn:uuid:8071801b-4a34-409b-8a1d-799211d3bb0e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.southernstar.ie/news/new-lifeboat-handed-over-to-union-hall-rnli-crew-4245267 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571502.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811194507-20220811224507-00068.warc.gz | en | 0.974783 | 910 | 1.539063 | 2 |
Standing upright is complex business and requires a finely tuned set of reflex responses. If these reflex responses fail, blood pressure plummets, blood supply to the brain is cut off, and sooner or later we all fall down.
When the nerves that control the blood vessels are damaged, falls in blood pressure occur each time we stand. This condition – known as orthostatic hypotension – can indicate something more troubling. Evidence is piling up to show that patients with orthostatic hypotension have a much greater risk of developing synucleinopathies – like Parkinson disease and multiple system atrophy. These diseases are caused by the abnormal accumulation of the misfolded protein alpha-synuclein and its prion-like spread to areas of the brain that control movement and cognition.
Orthostatic hypotension can – at times – be difficult to diagnose. Current guidelines teach us, we should measure the blood pressure lying down and see if it falls after 3 minutes of standing. But, not every patient encountered in the clinic meets the 3-minute criteria. Some have what is now known as delayed orthostatic hypotension, and require longer than 3 minutes standing to drop their blood pressure.
As Dr. Kaufman points out, delayed orthostatic hypotension is not a trivial issue. In this issue of Neurology our Autonomic Consortium collaborators in Boston published an article describing the follow-up of their patients with delayed orthostatic hypotension. Within 10-years, blood pressure control gets progressively worse in these patients. But, perhaps most worrisome, is that one-third of patients with delayed orthostatic hypotension, then go on to develop synucleinopathies and signs of brain disease.
Both the article and the editorial suggest that we might need to have more patience with our patients. There may be virtue in waiting more that 3 minutes to detect a fall in blood pressure standing. Autonomic features are now being recognized as early signs of abnormal alpha-synuclein accumulation in the body. Diagnosing this in the pre-motor phase may present a unique therapeutic window – and a chance to intervene early to stop the spread of the disease to the brain.
Read the article here: Gibbons CH, Freeman R. Clinical implications of delayed orthostatic hypotension: A 10-year follow-up study. Neurology. 2015 Sep 23. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 26400576
Read the editorial here: Kaufmann H, Jacobs G. Early and delayed orthostatic hypotension: Time tells. Neurology. 2015. | <urn:uuid:113749b7-6916-4544-ac7c-47fa98bb2bfe> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dysautonomiacenter.com/2015/10/06/low-blood-pressure-standing-may-be-an-early-sign-of-brain-disease/?like_comment=1183&_wpnonce=f5adf2557e | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.922225 | 523 | 3.0625 | 3 |
Bilingual Yiddish/English text
The Canvas and Other Stories by Salomea Perl is a bilingual Yiddish-English text featuring the only known stories Perl wrote and published in the various Yiddish newspapers of her time. Uncovered after two years of research and translated by Ruth Murphy, the book presents the original Yiddish text and English translation in a side-by-side format. Murphy's translations present Perl's voice to English readers, while Perl's rich, authentic Yiddish brings readers back to the Jewish, Yiddish-speaking streets of turn-of-the-century Poland. The insightful introduction by Dr. Justin Cammy gives the historical background of both the text and its author. The work of Salomea Perl, an author completely unknown until these translations, is an important addition to ongoing discovery of female Yiddish writers.
Payment & Security
Your payment information is processed securely. We do not store credit card details nor have access to your credit card information. | <urn:uuid:9657c533-bef9-4b69-8487-19496ae91f84> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://shop.yiddishbookcenter.org/collections/yiddish-in-translation/products/the-canvas-and-other-stories-by-salomea-perl | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571502.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811194507-20220811224507-00071.warc.gz | en | 0.914991 | 212 | 1.828125 | 2 |
The demand of research chemicals are increased in the global markets recently years that’s why there are number of chemical stores established in few time. These offers given great chance to the consumers for making the best choice of buy research chemicals entering the marketplace every day. However, without making cautious considerations as well as weighting associated with options, you may buy the wrong chemical associated with bad quality from wrong chemicals provider getting involved in wrong process. Different kinds of research chemicals available in the chemical market include AMT research chemical, Benzo-Fury, Ethylphenidate, Methiopropamine, 5-MeO-DALT or even 6-APB and so on. All these come in various packing sizes and also in different prices. The Chemical quantity also takes effects on these prices. The more you purchase from the reliable vendor; the prices are going to be cheaper. A few of the suppliers currently available in the market comprise associated with several trustworthy pharmaceutical businesses which give a certificate of analysis along with each order of chemicals that they supply the shoppers. With the accessibility to wide selection of different chemicals, the first of all point you’ll want to consider in purchasing the right research chemical is to make the good choice of the right chemical that meet your requirements. It is really good for you go advanced in market to ensure that the purchased best chemicals which meet your needs. Second, you have to ensure that you have given sufficient time to buy the right quantity of product for your own research. In modern time, research chemicals are obtainable in great range of sachets as well as larger stocks to match the wide selection of potential clients. Those researchers who need it for doing small research may buy smaller sachets. Another point you’ll want to consider in purchasing the chemical would be checking the background of the potential suppliers for the chemicals. All suppliers put different costs on various research chemicals. Going with regard to proper investigation will make sure you to know the best price from the chemical. Furthermore, the well-recognized suppliers will give you secure transportation, on-time shipping, better chemical labeling as well as packaging and so on. Making research on vendors may truly provide you with the best quality chemical substance including methoxetamine, camfetamine and much more to execute the study properly. Utilization of research chemical substances has usually caused air pollution. Therefore, when buying your preferred chemical from the vendor, you should be assured that the chemicals you are going to use are actually environmental friendly and they will not create any kind of risk towards the environment. | <urn:uuid:d3303e88-b3fe-42e0-9de5-8ba2a575212d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thesolutionsdesign.com/research/5-meo-dalt-research-chemical-buy-from-authorized-suppliers.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00476.warc.gz | en | 0.964952 | 516 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Lake Bell’s In A World… is a film about voice. Which, if you stop to think about it for even a second, is a pretty odd thing. We watch movies, we go to see them. Film is a ‘visual’ medium. This strange transplant of an audial mode in a visually-dominated domain made me think about the noises we make and how these are heard.
In A World...’s protagonist Carole Solomon (Lake Bell) is a voice coach and daughter of the successful voice artist, Sam Sotto (Fred Melamed). The film begins with the death of the real Don LaFontaine voice of over 5,000 movie trailers and inseparable from the phrase ‘In a world…’. With the appearance of LaFontaine, movie trailers are positioned as the pinnacle of voice acting work. Which makes you think, When was the last time I heard a woman voicing a movie trailer?
Early in the film, Sotto tells Carole that the voice-over industry, and by implication the film industry, ‘does not crave a female sound’. This statement is a useful touchtone to some of the concerns of the film. I’ve read it in several reviews and in a large part this is a film about a woman trying to progress in a man’s field. However, what quoting this statement out of context doesn’t reveal is the particular approach to telling the story of her characters that Bell’s film takes. This is a noisy, chattering film. Sotto’s clear authoritative statement comes in a swamp of dialogue during which he touches on: how he’s tried to help his daughter, an article his girlfriend has printed out from Yahoo health about enabling and an off-the-cuff imagining and then dismissing of a premise where he gives his daughter a piece of his award-winning voice. But it’s not a monologue, as such, Carole pipes in telling Sotto his girlfriend is too young, that he needs to start spin class again, but Sotto has the upper hand, the stronger voice, he refers to Carole’s ‘voice-cracking problem’ which is not really a thing and explains that she needs to ‘stick with the accents’ because that’s ‘her thing’ and so the conversation ends with Carole doing the ‘Russian Star Wars thing she used to do as a kid’ and Sotto telling Carole she needs to move out because his girlfriend is moving in. In this way Sotto’s statement about the industry and women is played out in the form of the conversation around the statement. The woman’s sound is there but unsuccessful in changing what the man’s sound wants. But I’ve simplified it to make it binary and boring, and this film is anything but that. Because Sotto talks so much, it complicates his role as oppressor and the situation as a whole. ‘I’m not being sexist,’ he says. ‘It’s just the truth.’ So merely hoping for the downfall of Sotto is not going to change anything either.
People talk a lot in this film and although it looks beautiful and the physicality of the acting is clever and funny, this layer of noise creates what I think might be the most interesting landscape of the film. And it’s a varied and distinct landscape, especially in the range it gives to female voice. Women shout, they laugh, they make odd noises during vocal exercises. And it’s all manner of female voice which is given space to make sound: high-pitched women with high-rising terminal, fast-talking women, women with accents and the dry, measured voice of the magnificent Tig Notaro. All the female characters have voice in this film. In fact all the characters in this film speak and are heard. The interesting effect of all this talk, as I’ve touched on previously, is that it makes it very difficult to minimise or simplify a character when they’re given so much space to speak. On some levels Sotto and Ken Marino’s character Gustav Warner are the ‘bad guys’ of the film but the way they chatter and talk and talk and talk dissolves any cover for their contradictions and vulnerabilities. In some ways the person who speaks least, Katherine Huling played by Geena Davis, is the character I found the most evil and confronting.
I’ve been playing with the idea lately that art is made in the excesses – those things over and above the bare necessities needed to make sense or be of use. So, as I noticed it I was really interested to go back and see the effect of this ‘decorative’ constant chat and over-sharing. One of my favourite examples of the comedic opportunity of all this talk is a scene where Carole is on the phone to her sister Dani asking her a favour and she suddenly drops in the phrase ‘sister code’. The first time I heard it I let it pass as noise – I didn’t know what it meant, it obviously meant something but not to me – then she throws it in again, and again, ‘sister code’, ‘sister code’, and I started seeing it as possibly this quite funny attempt to distract, then, as she repeated it more and more it became really funny in the strangeness of its sound and the lack of its use in the mechanics of the instructions she was delivering and when Dani calls Carole out asking, ‘What is this “sister-code” thing that you’re doing right now?’ it’s even funnier as Carole explains it’s just something she’s ‘working with’ and does Dani like it and no Dani doesn’t think she does likes it. I really like physical comedy but there is something about dialogue-based comedy that just breaks me apart. I love stand-up and I love it when people over-explain, when they’re caught out doing something that is stupid and they attempt to cover it with words rather than silence. And I think possibly this idea of keeping quiet is an interesting one to look at in relation to voice and talking.
I feel like I learned very early on that smart people are quiet while stupid people talk a lot and I’m pretty sure this belief came from an over-riding message around me that men were silent and women talked – nagged, bitched, bleated, complained, gossiped. I was told time and again to think before I spoke and if I didn’t have anything nice to say I shouldn’t say anything at all. I pretty much never had anything nice to say, so apart from shutting up I only had one option which was to create and sustain a persona which I thought others would find pleasing by preparing words in my head before I said them. So this was the persona people got to know and on the whole people were pleased. But when I look back, the times I’ve felt the most in communication with the world and learnt the most about it and myself are when I’ve said things without thinking, blurted them out, talked and talked and talked too much so that because of the lack of something more to say, I’ve said the truth about what I think or how I see things and it’s often through this over-talking or talking out of turn that I’ve become and recognised who I am today. However, I think this pressure to stay silent affects me even now, decades from the time and place I learnt these lessons about talking and I think it affects me as a writer quite acutely. Making noise is a hard thing to justify when you think the only noises you’re capable of making are nagging or hysterical. I often find myself reading over things I’ve written and thinking, Oh, is that too loud? And I think this is why a film like In A World… has affected me so strongly. It seems to give space for the ‘female sound’ as Sotto calls it, and not just one homogenous version of that. While I feel safer being silent, I think this film has important things to say about making a lot of uninhibited noise.
Almost every week, I feel like I’m thinking to myself, Comedy has to be the most powerful of the arts at the moment. This week it was during Louis CK’s SNL monologue that I thought, You take away the audience laughter and this is a call to arms, a transcript of this, unedited, would read like revolutionary rhetoric. And no one can deny that women are more and more the leaders in this kind of comedy. I’d argue that programmes like Broad City and Inside Amy Schumer are saying some of the bravest and most exciting things about the experience of being woman and they’re saying them out of one of our most readily consumed cultural media. These women are not talking about sex and drugs and work quietly over tea with their friends, they’re talking about it loudly and often with little regard to conventional manners on TV. One of my favourite comedians at the moment is Maria Bamford. I feel like she is part of a new wave of comedy which pushes the boundary of how unfunny comedy can be before it’s not funny. I think comedy is so brave at the moment it feels like it’s creating a whole other genre. While nowhere near as raw as Sarah Silverman or Amy Schumer or as terrifyingly awkward as Maria Bamford, In A World… seems part of this new wave. There’s an element of the surreal and I’m sure some of this is caused by the connotations brought by the actors Bell has cast – it’s so nicely odd to see Demetri Martin as a romantic interest, Nick Offerman appears without a beard, and it’s hard to watch Rob Corddry without thinking of Dr Blake Downs, especially when he’s acting against other Children’s Hospital staff members Drs Cat Black and Glenn Richie. But it’s so subtle, even the talking and talking feels only slightly odd (it’s not a Hal Hartley film but it orbits a similar artifice) and I think it’s this slight ‘offness’ that feels very fresh and new. The film seems so assured about itself that it doesn’t always play for the laugh and it never plays for the easy laugh, sometimes it plays for the smile, sometimes it plays for the sadness. In A World… is a lot about who gets heard and who doesn’t and I think the decision to use voice so centrally both demonstrates the problems and complicates them. In a way it enacts a utopia of speaking and being heard, but by doing this brings into sharper relief the silences and exceptions and through Katherine Huling’s small and only moment of dialogue demonstrates how damaging truth can’t be unheard. But most importantly, I think In A World… makes a new sound and makes space for more new noise.
I gained an MA in Creative Writing with Distinction from Victoria University in 2007, and a PhD in 2012. I was grateful to receive an Arts Foundation of New Zealand New Generation Award in 2012 and my first collection of short stories, Everything We Hoped For (Victoria University Press) won the NZ Post Best First Book Award in 2011. In 2013 Victoria University Press published my first novel I’m Working on a Building.
I went to film school in 1994 and miss working in television and film a lot. I feel really excited about television and film today, especially the work that’s being produced and broadcast through alternative means. I watched In A World… on a DVD which I rented from the best video store in the world, Aro Video.
Twitter In A World... Lake Bell Pip Adam
Many thanks for this, Pip! Pip also contributed to a post about Jane Campion's workshops in Wellington last year. | <urn:uuid:ae653297-92f1-4de0-b8b9-5a6f8b9129ae> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://wellywoodwoman.blogspot.com/2014/04/making-noise-hearing-noise-by-pip-adam.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720468.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00487-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.973155 | 2,523 | 1.5625 | 2 |
Finding rare coins in your pocket change can be fun and profitable. Once you start to develop coin-checking habits, identifying valuable coins in U.S. circulation will become easy. That is, if you are ever lucky enough to come across on of these extremely rare coins. Here are five coins to keep a keen eye out for:
1969 Double Die
Before you get your hopes up, this coin is exceedingly rare. The earliest copies were confiscated by the Secret Service until the U.S. Mint admitted that it was a genuine coin. In order to detect a 1969-S double die Lincoln cent, you have to examine the “heads” side. Take a close look at the phrases “In God We Trust” and “Liberty.” The strike doubling damage is what coin experts commonly refer to as a “double die.” However, if the mint mark is doubled, it’s probably fake as mint marks were punched in the dies separately in 1969. If you’re lucky enough to find this coin, you hit the lottery as this one-cent piece’s value exceeds $10,000.
1943 Copper Penny
During the 1940s, the United States was in the midst of World War II. Therefore, all pennies made during 1943 were supposed to be minted as the steel pennies in order to save copper for the war efforts. According to coin experts, copper plates may have been tested or left mixed among steel plates from 1942 and thus the error. Whatever the cause, these rare beauties sell for about $100,000. Fair warning: there are many fake 1943 copper pennies out there. Be careful, and make sure your coin is certified!
1982 Roosevelt Dime
While most dimes made at this time have the “P” mind mark, this rare 1982 Roosevelt dime has no mint mark. During this time, when coins were made the dies were sent to the individual brand mints which would be punched with the proper mint mark letter for that branch. This rare coinage came about because one or more non-punched dies were used to make coins. It’s very easy to detect. Just look for a 1982 dime with no mint mark on it. If you find one, it’s may be worth $30 or $50, depending on condition.
2004 Wisconsin Quarter
This rare coin could be in your pocket right now and you don’t even know it! This 2004-D Wisconsin State Quarter has an extra leaf one it. Look on the lower left-hand side of the ear of corn on the “tails” side. This leaf is very obvious. It’s also known in two different varieties, the high leaf and low leaf type. Hurry home and check your loose change, this little beauty can be worth between $200-$300.
Ever since the Presidential Dollar was created back in 2007, there have been errors associated with the lettering on the edge of these particular coins. In some cases, the lettering was missing entirely. In other instances, the edge lettering had been placed there multiple times (double die). You can detect this error by looking at the edge of the dollar. The inscription should appear fully stamped around the circumference of the coin. But, missing or doubled inscriptions are rare and very valuable. If you find one, it can be worth $50 to $3,000, depending on the President.
- License: Creative Commons image source
Katelyn Porter is a freelance writer and avid coin collector. Among her favorite coins to collect are 90% silver coins, which she’s been collecting for more than 10 years! In her spare time, Katelyn studies rare U.S. coins. | <urn:uuid:72c07cd6-d5b7-40e8-bb67-fc787e3c8f14> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://blog.triciaswaterdragon.com/2013/03/15/5-valuable-u-s-coins-in-circulation-today/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284411.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00454-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961598 | 774 | 1.914063 | 2 |
Taking care of our individual waste is difficult enough. Having to figure out what item is disposed of in which container in the office break room has become a complex chore. Co-workers sometimes joke that you need a college degree just to be able to toss an orange peel. Just because properly disposing of waste is difficult, doesn’t mean it isn’t worthwhile. For example, it takes thousands of tiny grains of sand to form a beach, likewise, the small actions we make each day can make a difference.
On a grander scale, having to figure out what to do with waste for an entire company, factory or organization is even more difficult. Often garbage or waste causes problems and expenses that are not clear at the outset. In many countries, there are complex regulations that need to be followed in order to do business. In the U.S. it is the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) that governs how waste can be disposed of.
Public perception of an enterprise can also be affected by how that business chooses to deal with waste. Many companies choose to highlight their environmentally friendly practices as part of their marketing campaigns. There is even a term coined to describe the practice, “Green Marketing”.
Strategic planning is required to deal with waste, not just how to get rid of it, but how to manage and prevent large amounts of waste. An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.
As previously mentioned, many jurisdictions and countries have regulations in place in terms of how waste, particularly industrial waste is to be dealt with. With the current complexities and issues of dealing with waste it is no surprise that worldwide, in the year 2025, the waste management industry is projected to be worth $530 billion dollars.
When the amount of waste being dealt with is on a larger scale, an expert or guide can be helpful. It takes a lot of time to become educated enough on the topic of waste management to deal with and navigate its challenges successfully. Taking time and budget into account, it is an area where delegating might be the best solution. Consulting with a waste management consultant can be an effective way of getting better results in terms of dealing with waste. A waste management consultant will not only help to figure out how to dispose of the waste but will take a more comprehensive approach, analyzing and streamlining an organization’s processes to achieve peak efficiency.
As with all things in business, having a plan can save time, money, and aggravation. When it comes to waste, keeping the end in mind is more important than ever. Dealing with waste is a worldwide issue and finding ways to deal with it is only going to become more difficult. Keeping aware of current trends is vital. Smart business is to get ahead of the issue now by keeping waste to a minimum and adopting new and better practices to deal with and prevent waste. | <urn:uuid:a15d8b55-2319-4435-8c2b-0d82ffd847e4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.pdeportal.com/keeping-the-end-in-mind-the-importance-of-a-waste-management-plan | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572581.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816211628-20220817001628-00068.warc.gz | en | 0.961719 | 583 | 2.578125 | 3 |
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ANCHORAGE - Dozens of undeveloped sites along Alaska's southcentral and southeast coast are available for lease from the state to private entrepreneurs for aquatic farms.
The 158 sites are on a new list of coves, bights and beaches that could be used for raising such salable species as oysters and littleneck clams.
The state Legislature ordered a list of at least 90 sites drawn up two years ago after critics contended the state's existing mariculture program wasn't moving fast enough.
Among the new locations are several beaches in Prince William Sound where the public would no longer be allowed to harvest clams. State officials say the locations were carefully chosen to avoid conflicts.
The state was guided by a 2001 court decision that called it unconstitutional to allow aquatic farming in areas receiving heavy "common use" by the public, said Jackie Timothy, a mariculture program specialist with the Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
An appeal of that decision, brought by aquaculture interests hoping for a more generous interpretation of the state constitution, is now pending before the Alaska Supreme Court.
Meanwhile, the state started taking sealed bids for use of the new sites earlier this month and will continue until Jan. 16. Unclaimed sites can be leased over the counter after the auction.
The new system supersedes the existing program, in which individuals nominate sites and then wait eight months for a review to see whether the site is acceptable. Most of the interest has been in growing oysters and mussels from hanging nets and baskets.
Excluded from the new list is Kachemak Bay, already a center of mariculture industry in Southcentral. Clam beaches there are off-limits because the area has been designated a state critical habitat. An offshore site nominated in Bear Cove was rejected because it was near a seal haul-out, and another in Seldovia Bay was rejected because of conflicts with setnetters, according to the state.
Aesthetic concerns were not a factor, state officials said.
"Just because somebody doesn't want to see a sea of buoys isn't a legitimate concern," John Thiede, with the state Department of Natural Resources, told the Anchorage Daily News.
Other areas were eliminated from consideration or reduced in size because of conflicts over anchorages, commercial fishing or public access to shore, Thiede said. | <urn:uuid:c3ec39de-78c8-4e23-a28f-f5052ef8388d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://juneauempire.com/stories/123103/sta_aquafarm.shtml | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281069.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00263-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.965651 | 511 | 1.773438 | 2 |
Small drives and motors with a power output of up to 4kW are frequently used in control technology and machine design. In the process, sometimes both directions (forward/reverse) need to be controlled and the drives have to be protected against possible errors.
It must also be ensured that they can be reliably and safely shut off through an external Emergency Stop function in the event of a breakdown. MOTUS®ContactronControl from Wohner combines these four important requirements into one device.
The MOTUS®ContactronControl is an extraordinary durable innovation due to its hybrid switching technology, resulting in a smooth switching function. The built-in semiconductor switches without wear. The continuous current is carried by a mechanical contact. This keeps the load on the mechanical switching element extremely low, allowing the size of the relay to be considerably reduced. The combination of overload, short-circuit and safety function, integrated into a single device, also guarantees minimal connection effort.
The MOTUS®ContactronControl relies on CrossLink Technology. The device is supplied with an adapter for the 60mm-system compact, for the 60mm-System classic or for DIN rail mounting. With all versions, the contacts of the CrossLink adapter remain covered to protect them from being touched when the electronics module is removed.
Flexibility is guaranteed through three current sizes, Within the range of 0.075A to 9A, these devices can be finely adjusted. In case of an overload or short-circuit, the built-in electronics safely shut the unit down. In special fault cases, the integrated fuses provide additional protection. The fuses are simply exchanged and the device is ready to go again. Furthermore, with the UL approval, the requirements for the North American market are fulfilled.
The 4 Primary Functions:
Forward-rotation: Control is effected simply through a 24 VDC signal.
Reverse-rotation: The reversing function includes an interlock circuit and load wiring.
Motor-protection: The motor protection relay provides convenient protection with its automatic mode and remote reset.
Emergency Stop: The integrated safety function allows use in safety-related applications.
SmartWire-DT™ with MOTUS
In order to couple energy distribution and information exchange together, the MOTUS®ContactronControl can optionally be provided with a pluggable SmartWire-DT™ bus module. This allows access to power reserves and increase the safety of the system. Important energy parameters are recorded, evaluated and processed in a timely manner both locally and at the central location. Powerful gateways allow this to be done from any location in the world. SmartWire-DT™ also facilitates direct access - as required: Necessary actions in the distribution system can be undertaken through bus technology.
Download the MOTUS®ContactronControl brochure here
Tags: Woehner, SmartWire-DT™, Drives and Control, New Products, The Panel Builder, e-lec.org | <urn:uuid:276f54bd-f8e0-4565-aed8-ddc1dc03ba0e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.thepanelbuilder.co.uk/product-news/3825-woehner-motusrcontactroncontrol-where-less-is-more | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282935.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00236-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.901197 | 604 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Scrabble word: BURG
In which Scrabble dictionary does BURG exist?
Definitions of BURG in dictionaries:
- noun - colloquial American term for a town
- A city or town: “There are no more opportunities for you in this burg” (Damon Runyon).
- A fortified or walled town in early or medieval Europe.
- noun - a city or town
There are 4 letters in BURG: B G R U
Scrabble words that can be created with an extra letter added to BURG
All anagrams that could be made from letters of word BURG plus a wildcard: BURG?
Scrabble words that can be created with letters from word BURG
Images for BURG
SCRABBLE is the registered trademark of Hasbro and J.W. Spear & Sons Limited. Our scrabble word finder and scrabble cheat word builder is not associated with the Scrabble brand - we merely provide help for players of the official Scrabble game. All intellectual property rights to the game are owned by respective owners in the U.S.A and Canada and the rest of the world. Anagrammer.com is not affiliated with Scrabble. This site is an educational tool and resource for Scrabble & Words With Friends players. | <urn:uuid:25776675-42f4-49e2-9a34-504ea369b0b0> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.anagrammer.com/scrabble/burg | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282926.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00398-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.906068 | 282 | 2.015625 | 2 |
In our latest Quarterly Report we highlighted the work of Cure Alzheimer's Fund researcher Dr. Charles Glabe, who is conducting groundbreaking research on vaccinations and immunotherapy. In case you didn't catch the article, here's an excerpt:
The development of vaccinations as a strategy for treating or preventing Alzheimer’s is an example of thinking out of the box. Vaccinations commonly are associated with infectious diseases, like influenza, small pox and polio, which appear to have little in common with neurodegenerative diseases, like Alzheimer’s. Moreover, the brain is an immunoprivileged site with little access to antibodies, so it seems unlikely antibodies would be protective in the brain. | <urn:uuid:c50b7ee5-22b7-467d-a361-04ea88e8fb90> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.curealz.org/2009/10/cure-alzheimers-funds-charles-glabe-making-strides-alzheimers-vaccination-research?page=66 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721174.97/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00281-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.937304 | 139 | 2.65625 | 3 |
3 Answers | Add Yours
The main spark that started the war was control of the Shatt-al-Arab waterway between Iraq and Iran, which is Iraq's only means of reaching the Persian Gulf. The underlying, larger cause, was that Iraq and Iran are traditional enemies, with Iraq being ruled by Sunni Muslims, and Iran by Shia Muslims. Iraq under Saddam Hussein mistreated its majority Shia population, and Iran gave money and assistance to potential Shia rebels. No love lost at the time between those two.
The war did not widen beyond those two countries, although Saudi Arabia, Egypt and Syria gave military and financial aid to Iraq at one point, as did the United States, who liked having Iran kept militarily busy defending its own borders. The war was almost an old style World War I bloodbath. Hundreds of thousands on each side were killed over eight years, and nothing was resolved. Each side economically and militarily tired of the fighting, and signed a cease fire.
This war was a war between Iran and Iraq. Iraq was supported by the United States during much of this war. The war began in 1980 and ended in 1988. I do not think you can say that either side won this war -- the outcome was just a whole lot of people getting killed.
The war started when Saddam Hussein, then leader of Iraq, decided to invade Iran in September of 1980. He did this because Iran had just had an Islamic revolution the previous year. Hussein was afraid that the new Iranian government would stir up the Shi'a Muslims in Iraq. They were the majority of the country but had little power under Hussein's rule. So Hussein attacked Iran in hopes of preventing Iran from causing a rebellion among the Shi'a.
We’ve answered 317,808 questions. We can answer yours, too.Ask a question | <urn:uuid:2afed678-3f23-4154-b13c-5884043ef25a> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.enotes.com/homework-help/iran-iraq-war-how-did-happen-who-was-involved-394100 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721008.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00117-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.986545 | 371 | 2.6875 | 3 |
The Ultrasound Scan
As part of the antenatal tests offered throughout pregnancy, you'll have at least two ultrasound scans. These are routine and are designed to check on the health and development of your baby. Ultrasounds are generally one of the most unobtrusive types of test you'll face, but if you're nervous about what's involved or it's the first time you'll have had one, here's a rundown of what to expect.
The good news is that ultrasounds are completely pain-free and stress-free. Although you may be anxious to know how things are in the womb and how your baby is progressing, it won't hurt to have an ultrasound and it shouldn't be something to cause you worry. It's also a chance for doctors to check your health too, as the scan can see how your uterus and cervix are doing and make sure everything is okay. Scans can, for example, detect conditions such as ovarian cysts or ectopic pregnancies.
What's Involved?To have an ultrasound, you'll have cold gel put on your stomach and the person doing the scan will move a small handheld device over your skin. It works by transmitting high frequency sound waves through the uterus. The waves bounce off the baby and the echoes that return are cleverly translated by a computer and become an image on screen. This image shows your uterus and baby. The area around the baby, which shows up as black on the screen, is the amniotic fluid that he lies in.
In some cases, particularly early in pregnancy, you may be asked to drink lots of water in advance, so that the stenographer can get a good picture of your baby. In cases where your baby is too deep in your pelvis, it's early on in your pregnancy or if you're overweight, it may be necessary to do a vaginal scan. A long scanning device is inserted a short way into your vagina and the scan is done. This method usually gives a very clear picture of your baby and won't cause any harm.
When Will I Have Ultrasounds?The first ultrasound you have may take place in the first 10 to 12 weeks of pregnancy. Early ultrasounds such as these are great for helping calculate exactly how old your baby is, when he was likely to have been conceived and an estimated due date. If the baby is developing well and everything is fine, you may not have to have another ultrasound scan until about 20 weeks.
If any problems are detected, such as the baby not growing at the normal rate, the placenta is found to be in an abnormal position or any abnormalities are discovered, then it may be necessary for you to go back for one or more follow-up scans. You're also likely to be offered additional scans if you're carrying twins or multiples, if you're at risk of giving birth prematurely or have any existing health conditions (such as diabetes) that could affect your pregnancy.
Later ultrasound scans will be more detailed and will thoroughly check the development of your baby. For example, they'll use the scan to take lots of measurements of his growing body, including the brain, skull, chest, heart, arms, legs, spine, kidneys, bladder and skull. They'll also be the chance for you to see your baby in more detail and to learn - if you wish - whether you're having a boy or girl.
Ultrasounds are completely safe and have been used in hospitals for years. You're under no obligation to have them, but they can certainly help put your mind at rest and let medical professionals know that both you and your baby are healthy and well. | <urn:uuid:f9216dfc-a156-43ca-bf51-f267a0cd1eca> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.babyandpregnancy.co.uk/ultrasoundscans.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573744.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819161440-20220819191440-00471.warc.gz | en | 0.973079 | 741 | 2.171875 | 2 |
ERIC Number: ED193136
Record Type: RIE
Publication Date: 1980
Reference Count: 0
The Treatment of Jewish History in World Civilization Textbooks: A Report to the Dallas Independent School District.
Mason, Betty; And Others
The paper discusses a study undertaken to evaluate how Jews and Jewish history are treated in three textbooks used in public high schools in Dallas. It also presents findings from the study, and recommends activities and supplementary materials which give a more realistic and comprehensive picture of Jewish history. Major objectives were to identify shortcomings of textbooks with regard to Jewish history and to offer suggestions to teachers on overcoming these shortcomings. Textbooks evaluated were "People and Our World," (Holt, Rinehart & Winston, 1977), "The Human Expression: A History of Peoples and Their Cultures," (J.B. Lippincott Co., 1977), and "The Ecumene: Story of Humanity," (Harper & Row, 1973). The document is presented in three sections. Section I introduces the study and summarizes criteria by which the textbooks were evaluated. Criteria included, Does the book recognize the Jewish roots of Christianity? Are Jews treated as an obsolete remnant of a past civilization? and Is the emphasis on persecution at the expense of intellectual and economic achievement? Section II presents evaluative information. For each book, a summary evaluation is given, followed by general comments and a unit by unit review of omissions and inaccuracies. Page numbers and quotations are given. Of the three textbooks reviewed, "People and Our World" scored the best on treatment of Jewish history. Section III presents a chronology of Jewish history, identifies major concepts in world and American Jewish history, and suggests specific materials and activities for improving the curriculum. A bibliography concludes the document. (DB)
Descriptors: Educational Needs, Ethnic Stereotypes, Ethnic Studies, Information Needs, Jews, Learning Activities, Secondary Education, Social Studies, Textbook Bias, Textbook Content, Textbook Evaluation, World History
Dallas Chapter of the American Jewish Committee, 1809 Tower Building, Dallas, TX 75201 ($3.75)
Publication Type: Reports - Evaluative
Education Level: N/A
Authoring Institution: North Texas State Univ., Denton. Coll. of Education.; National Council on Measurement in Education, Washington, DC.; Dallas Independent School District, TX. | <urn:uuid:daa7cef7-e496-49a0-8bb4-36a1d173166d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED193136 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281226.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00376-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.892461 | 489 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Protect Your Eyes-and Your Phone As we use our devices more, the risks to our eyes and health increase. Digital eye strain can cause premature eye aging in children, dry and irritated eyes, sleep disruption and loss, and blurred vision. The Eyesafe® technology of GlassFusion™ VisionGuard protects eyes from blue light and the harmful effects of digital eye strain. And its strong, hybrid glass design protects your screen from scratches and impacts while maintaining the smooth feel of your S10 or S10+. VisionGuard for Healthy Eyes Filter harmful high-energy visible (HEV) blue light from your device screen with a protective Eyesafe® layer. True Color The Eyesafe layer filters harmful blue light while maintaining the superior color performance of your device display. Strength and Style Military-grade materials combine with the properties of glass to create powerful protection with a smooth finish. And the beveled edges blend seamlessly with the edges of your screen. Flexible Protection The flexible quality of GlassFusion's unique hybrid glass allows it to absorb impact and disperse shock before it reaches your screen. Your InvisibleShield may take a beating, but your screen remains safe and intact. Chip, Crack and Scratch Protection GlassFusion won't chip which prevents cracks from starting and spreading, and its tough components protect your screen from scuffs and scratches. Smudge Resistance GlassFusion's smooth, unique surface finish prevents oils from adhering to your screen, so smudges and fingerprints wipe away easily. Fast, Accurate, and Bubble-Free We believe installation should be as simple and accurate as possible, so we are constantly refining our processes with innovations like our EZ Apply® technology and advanced adhesives. | <urn:uuid:802bc07d-c4cf-495a-8345-3eaf37aab575> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.officespecialties.com/invisibleshield_200303100_glassfusion_visionguard_screen_protector_544361_prd1.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572581.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816211628-20220817001628-00071.warc.gz | en | 0.869634 | 341 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Elizabeth Berg is the author of The Dream Lover, a lush historical novel based on the sensuous Parisian life of the nineteenth-century writer, George Sands.
Nancy Horan is the bestselling author of Loving Frank and Under the Wide and Starry Sky.
NANCY HORAN: I know you were strongly drawn to George Sand’s story but you resisted writing a novel about her at first. What made you jump in and go for it?
ELIZABETH BERG: Well, the real answer, as you may recall, is that you wouldn’t! One day I read a little about George Sand on The Writer’s Almanac, and I got very excited about learning more. I especially wanted to know the “good stuff,” which is to say, deeply personal things about her character as well as her thoughts and feelings, even if those things were largely conjecture. I thought you would be the perfect person to write a novel about her; I so admired the way you provided intimate access into the character of Mamah Cheney in Loving Frank. So I called you to beg you to write about George Sand. I believe when you answered the phone I said, “Nancy! You have to write about George Sand! She’s so interesting!” You had just finished Under the Wide and Starry Sky, and you weren’t ready to begin another huge undertaking. And, of course, I assume you are like most writers and want to pick your own subjects, not have them thrust upon you. At any rate, you said, “You write it!” I told you I couldn’t possibly. But then the idea wouldn’t go away, and so I plunged in, buoyed up by the last words you said to me: “Oh, of course you can write it. It will be fabulous!”
NH: I think creating a voice for a real historical figure, particularly for someone who lived nearly two hundred years ago, is rather tricky. How did you arrive at the voice you used for George Sand? Did you pull expressions from her letters to integrate into the dialogue? Did you stick to language as it was used at the time, or did you feel free to use more contemporary expressions?
EB: You know, it is a tricky thing, and I did try hard to stay away from contemporary expressions, which, when you’re reading historical fiction, can take you right out of the story. In the end, I think the way the language thing worked for me was the way my other books have worked best: the less predetermined—-the less conscious—-things are, the better.
When I was nine years old, my family lived in Texas for a while. It took me about thirty–five seconds to develop a Southern accent, to incorporate “y’all” quite naturally into my speech. I came in one night and told my parents my friend and I had to stop playing because Sherry was “fixing to eat.” My parents exchanged amused glances, and I thought, What? What’s funny?
Anyway, what I mean to say is that things rub off on me. I have a tendency to imitate, to pretend, to dramatize, as I believe many fiction writers do. So when I read (i.e., “listen to”) a lot of a person, as I did when I read George Sand’s thousand–plus–page autobiography, Story of My Life, that person’s ways of thinking and speaking rub off. George Sand entered my subconscious. I began to dream of her; then, I thought, to dream like her. I know that might sound arrogant or at least unlikely. But I believe she captured me, and I was a most willing prisoner.
NH: I find the foreignness of the past attractive territory to explore. Modern lives seem more daunting to portray in a fresh way, since so much is familiar terrain. Do you agree? Can you talk a bit about the different challenges and attractions of portraying modern lives versus historical lives?
EB: I agree that the past is wonderful to explore: evocative—-thrilling, really—-and quite necessary, when you’re writing historical fiction. But I find it much more difficult to write about the past than the present. I move through pages very quickly and easily when I write about modern times. When I’m trying to re–create something from so long ago, the pressure bears down upon me. So much to find out about, and to be responsible for! Clothes, language, the sounds of the streets, what bathrooms were like, how lamb was served, the tone of the newspapers, where one bought soap, the feel of a carriage ride over cobblestones. I spent a long time with my chin in my hands writing this book, wondering if I really should go on with it.
NH: George was considered a scandalous woman for her time. What do you think was particularly unusual about her? Do you think her reputation affected—-helped or hindered—-her career as a writer? How did it feel to write a novel about such a controversial figure?
EB: Henry James described coming up with the idea for a novel as creating a big “to do” around a character. When you write about someone real who was so controversial, the “to do” comes built in. But I am always interested in the backstory—-when someone is described as being scandalous, or out of order, or different, or demanding, especially when that someone is a woman—-and I am full of questions. What made her that way? What kind of vulnerability is behind great strength? What kind of sadness lives inside a person believed to be joyful? Or, conversely, what gaiety is there in someone viewed as being very serious? One of the things I learned in writing this novel is that the esteemed Russian writer Ivan Turgenev loved being silly. He was quite the party animal, as opposed to another of Sand’s close friends, Gustave Flaubert, who was like Eeyore the donkey in his depressive outlook.
I think what was unusual about Sand was the way her male and female qualities existed side by side, the way she was fluid about assuming the character of a man or a woman, sometimes simultaneously. Also, she was a mass of contradictions: she advocated strongly for women but didn’t like being around them all that much (with one notable exception). She was called bold but in fact was very shy. Her strongest desire was for love, but she had a pattern of having (or making) relationships disintegrate. In her time and even now, she was both reviled and adulated. She created her own god, renouncing the ideas found in organized religion, yet in her youth she wanted to be a nun.
Her reputation may have helped her as a writer, but I think it was mostly her great talent. And in any case, her reputation changed. In her own small hometown of Nohant, she went from being disapproved of—-even reviled—-to being called “The Good Woman of Nohant,” and she was deeply mourned by everyone from peasants to princes after her death.
As to how it felt writing about her, one phrase will do: challenging but exhilarating.
NH: George’s relationships with women, especially the women in her family, were very complicated. What connections do you see between George’s relationship with her mother, Sophie, and George’s subsequent relationship with her own daughter, Solange? With other people? With the actress Marie Dorval? Chopin? What might these relationships say about George herself?
EB: This is a very complicated question with a simple, two–part answer, as I see it. If you do not get the love you so desperately need early in your life, you search for it ever after. And whatever your experience of love was in those young and vulnerable years, you tend to reenact it in future relationships. Sand’s mother was by turns loving and cruel, or at least indifferent; so Sand was with her own daughter. In Sand’s relationships with men, she tended to go quickly from being passionate to being maternal, because she felt that if men needed her, they would not leave her. For Marie, she served as a man who loved with the intensity and devotion and sensitivity of a woman. I think it takes an enormous amount of insight and hard work to make yourself step out of or away from dangerous patterns that you adopt unconsciously early in life, but it can be done. That George Sand was happy and at peace with herself in her later years (after so many years of experiencing deep depressions and suicidal ideation) attests to that.
NH: Was it daunting to write about another writer? Did you reach any new understandings about the art of writing by studying Sand’s works and her comments on the subject? Do you see yourself any differently, as a writer, now that you’ve written this book?
EB: It wasn’t daunting to write about another writer, but it was daunting to write about someone so fiercely intelligent, and whose prose was so startlingly lucid and precise. I didn’t reach any new understandings about the writing process; rather, I had my own methods validated. Sand did not plot, she was wildly prolific, and she wrote from the heart. I can, as they say, relate to that.
NH: You re–create so wonderfully life in Paris in the 1820s and ’30s, and in the French countryside near Sand’s family’s estate at Nohant. What did you find about these places, this era, that inspired you? Was it liberating to write about an era different from your own?
EB: It was great fun to imagine how the sights and sounds of the city of nineteenth–century Paris would collide with the pastoral life Sand lived at Nohant. My challenge was to present the charms and allure of both lives. Sand loved and needed the intellectual and artistic and political life she had in Paris, but she needed equally the gifts of nature that she found in Nohant.
I was inspired by all the revolutionary goings–on in Paris at that time, and the way that roles of women were challenged, the way that socialism kept trying to assert itself, the way that artists—-writers, musicians, painters, poets—-gathered together in salons for entertainment that was the opposite of virtual reality. Would that we had such salons today! I wanted to be there in those salons, and one of the joys in writing this book is that I was.
As for the scenes of nature, I’m a nature and bird lover myself, so all of that came pretty easily.
NH: What do you hope that your readers will take away from this book, and from George herself? What do you feel is most important about her relevance today?
EB: George Sand’s struggle to become and stay herself, in all her permutations, was of paramount importance, and that idea is still relevant today, whether you’re a man or a woman. How is it that we find our deepest truths? What directions in life serve to move us toward our highest purposes? How do we accommodate and respect changes in ourselves? What do we owe the earth, and each other? How can we focus on appreciating the small gifts we are offered daily, for free, and relieve ourselves of the never–ending quest for more, more, more? How can we honor (and use!) what makes us different from others, rather than be ashamed of it? What is the best way to love and be loved?
All of these questions percolated in me as I wrote about George Sand, and I would be happy to have people who read the book take away the idea that answering such questions is not only our duty but our great pleasure. I would also like readers to consider whether it is true that we owe it to ourselves, and to those we love, to live in truth, even when it’s hard—-perhaps especially when it’s hard. If I could wish for one more thing, it would be that George Sand’s prose would be appreciated again, and that she would be understood as someone who was a bit more than the ruthless cigar–smoking nymphomaniac she is often portrayed as.
Finally, honestly, I will tell you that I hope readers will finish the last sentence of The Dream Lover and think to themselves, Boy! That was a good read! | <urn:uuid:18286c3f-474c-4f76-b74a-15409c03fbaf> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.randomhouse.com/rhpg/rc/tag/nancy-horan | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279915.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00274-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.982308 | 2,635 | 1.976563 | 2 |
Category: Travel & Holiday Guides|
The author of the book: Lonely Planet
Format files: PDF, EPUB, TXT, DOCX
The size of the: 561 KB
Edition: LONELY PLANET PUBLICATIONS
Date of issue: 1 November 2012
Description of the book "Lonely Planet Maldives":Lonely Planet: The world's leading travel guide publisher Lonely Planet Maldives is your passport to all the most relevant and up-to-date advice on what to see, what to skip, and what hidden discoveries await you. Chat with the locals amongst brightly painted houses in Male, feed the Hammerhead sharks in Rasdhoo Atoll, or watch a bodu beru performance; all with your trusted travel companion. Get to the heart of Maldives and begin your journey now! Inside Lonely Planet Maldives Travel Guide: *Colour maps and images throughout *Highlights and itineraries show you the simplest way to tailor PDF your trip to your own personal needs and interests *Insider tips save you time and money and help you get around like a local, avoiding crowds and trouble spots *Essential info at your fingertips - including hours of operation, phone numbers, websites, transit tips, and prices *Honest reviews for all budgets - including eating, sleeping, sight-seeing, going out, shopping, and hidden gems that most guidebooks miss *Cultural insights give you a richer and more rewarding travel experience - including customs, history, art, literature, music, dance, architecture, politics, wildlife, and cuisine *Over 16 local maps *Useful features - including Top Experiences, Choosing a Resort, and Diving ePub, Snorkelling & Surfing *Coverage of Male, Ari Atoll, Utheemu, Rasdhoo Atoll, Gan, Baa, South Male Atoll, North Male Atoll, Raa, Noonu, Addu Atoll, Haa Alifu, and more Authors: Written and researched by Lonely Planet and Tom Masters. About Lonely Planet: Started in 1973, Lonely Planet has become the world's leading travel guide publisher with guidebooks to every destination on the planet, as well as an award-winning website, a suite of mobile and digital travel products, and a dedicated traveller community. Lonely Planet's mission is to enable curious travellers to experience the world and to truly get PDF to the heart of the places they find themselves in. TripAdvisor Travelers' Choice Awards 2012 and 2013 winner in Favorite Travel Guide category 'Lonely Planet guides are, quite simply, like no other.' - New York Times 'Lonely Planet. It's on everyone's bookshelves; it's in every traveller's hands. It's on mobile phones. It's on the Internet. It's everywhere, and it's telling entire generations of people how to travel the world.' - Fairfax Media (Australia)
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Download EBOOK Lonely Planet Maldives for free | <urn:uuid:8435dce4-06d7-40ba-af99-21e55ef7ebca> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://clearwalksoft.com/travel-holiday-guides/118838-lonely-planet-maldives.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280128.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00392-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.877218 | 857 | 1.59375 | 2 |
Surgeon General Recommends Ventilation Standard
The Centers for Disease Control and the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development recognize ASHRAE guidance as a means for creating healthy homes.
Earlier this month, Acting Surgeon General Steven K. Galson released The Surgeon General's Call to Action to Promote Healthy Homes, calling for Americans to prevent disease and promote healthy environments in homes. ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2007, Ventilation and Acceptable Indoor Air Quality in Low-Rise Residential Buildings, was recommended as an effective way to reduce indoor air pollution through ventilation in the CDC's and HUD's supporting guidance for builders and homeowners.
"The citation of Standard 62.2 by the Surgeon General highlights the relevance of this standard to the national need for safe and healthy housing," says Andy Persily, chair of ASHRAE's Technology Council. "ASHRAE members should be proud to be able to contribute to such an important goal."
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2 helps ensure air inside homes is clean and safe by limiting sources of pollutants and requiring enough mechanical ventilation to provide dilution for unavoidable contaminants. The standard ensures that heating, ventilating, air-conditioning, and refrigeration systems work together to effectively ventilate homes and minimize sources of indoor pollution.
The standard applies to spaces intended for human occupancy within single-family houses and multi-family structures of three stories or fewer, including manufactured and modular houses. It does not apply to transient housing such as hotels, motels, nursing homes, dormitories, or jails. The standard applies to both new and existing buildings and renovations. | <urn:uuid:df40ea9f-776f-47f9-b95a-2cbe35e86fb5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://eponline.com/articles/2009/07/08/surgeon-general-recommends-ventilation-standard.aspx?admgarea=ht.water | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280730.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00254-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.919659 | 344 | 2.90625 | 3 |
|• Total||143.27 km2 (55.32 sq mi)|
|Elevation||1,620 m (5,310 ft)|
|• Density||1,800/km2 (4,600/sq mi)|
|Racial makeup (2011)|
|• Black African||62.3%|
|First languages (2011)|
|Time zone||UTC+2 (SAST)|
|Postal code (street)|
Germiston, also known as kwaDukathole, is a small city in the East Rand region of Gauteng, South Africa, administratively forming part of the City of Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality since the latter's establishment in 2000. It functions as the municipal seat of Ekurhuleni, hosting the municipal council and administration.
It was established in the early days of the gold rush when two prospectors, John Jack from the farm of Germiston near Glasgow and August Simmer from Vacha in Germany, struck paydirt on the farm of Elandsfontein. In August 1887, the pair were on their way to the Eastern Transvaal when they outspanned (rest the pack animals) on the farm Elandsfontein and decided to stay and buy the land.: 285 Both men made fortunes and the town sprang up 2 km from the Simmer and Jack mine named after Jack's fathers farm.: 285
In 1921, the world's largest gold refinery, the Rand Refinery, was established at Germiston. Seventy percent of the western world's gold passes through this refinery. Although gold mining gradually wound down in Germiston, to the point that by the end of the 20th century it was no longer a mining centre, the Rand Refinery remains as busy as ever.
The city has a number of historic buildings. Among these are the St Andrew's Presbyterian Church which was built in 1905, and St Boniface Church designed by Sir Herbert Baker, which was built in 1910 (this is the second church on the site, as the Anglican Parish was founded in 1897). The church also houses the historic 1910 English Romantic Norman and Beard Organ.
The Alexander Hotel was also partly designed by Baker, using his traditional stone appearance. This building has recently been completely renovated and now houses a well-known law firm. The builder of the hotel, Alexander Stuart, some of whose descendants still live in Germiston, died when the RMS Lusitania was torpedoed in the First World War on 7 May 1915. The hotel thus remains a memorial to his pioneer work in the city over a hundred years ago.
According to the 2001 census, the population of Germiston consisted of 139,719 people living in 49,062 households, and its land area was 129 square kilometres (50 sq mi). Of this population, 49.8% described themselves as "White", 46.8% as "Black African", 1.9% as "Coloured", and 1.5% as "Indian or Asian". No language was predominant, with the breakdown of first languages being as follows:
South African Airways moved its head office from Durban to Rand Airport in Germiston on 1 July 1935. It later moved the offices first to Johannesburg, then to Kempton Park. The city is an industrial centre with steel manufacture and distribution being the largest industries. It has large railway workshops, a large glassworks, engineering companies, gas distribution firms, and many other heavy and light industries.
Victoria Lake is better known today simply as Germiston Lake, however, the famous Sailing and Rowing Club retains the name of the Victoria Lake Club. The club is home to some of the best canoeists and rowing crews in the country, including the twenty-time South African School Champions, St Benedict's College. The lake is very popular at weekends for water-skiing and regattas. The lake grounds have recently been re-landscaped and the braai areas and shelters rebuilt.
The WesBank Raceway motorsports facility was located in the city, but it was sold to industrial estate developers in November 2007. The Raceway was formerly the Gosforth Park Race Club, one of the major horse racing facilities in Gauteng. Germiston Stadium (formerly the Herman Immelman Stadium) is also located in the city. This is also the home ground for the Germiston Simmer Rugby Club and has a tartan track for athletics.
By 1931, the Germiston municipality had assumed a pseudo-heraldic coat of arms, depicting (1) buck in the veld, (2) a scene showing mineshafts, (3) a railway train in a landscape, and (4) a half-tented ox-wagon in a landscape, the quarters separated by a red cross. The motto was Salus populi suprema lex.
A proper coat of arms was granted by the College of Arms in August 1935. It was registered with the Transvaal Provincial Administration in August 1963 and at the Bureau of Heraldry in February 1968.
The arms were: Gules, within two bendlets Or between two ox wagons Argent, three bezants (i.e. a red shield displaying three gold coins between two diagonal gold lines between two ox-wagons).
The crest was a rising falcon (representing Rand Airport); the supporters were two eland, each resting a foot on an heraldic fountain (a white and blue striped disc); the motto was Salus populi suprema lex.
Germiston is well-connected to five major freeways or motorways that service the Greater Johannesburg region. These include to the west of Germiston, the M2 motorway that connects to the southern Johannesburg CBD, the N3 Eastern Bypass and the N12 South; On the southern side, the N17 and N3 and in the north, the N12 East and the R24 service the city.
Being a mining and industrial city, Germiston is serviced by passenger rail and the CBD has several stations, the main one being Germiston Station. The industrial areas are serviced by rail spurs and stations and the Transnet has a large depot north of the CBD in Keswick Road.
Germiston is also the location of Rand Airport, at one time one of the busiest in Africa and the southern hemisphere. Today it caters largely for light aircraft and flying schools, but is also home to the South African Airways Museum. As a result of this, two of the earlier Boeing 747 Jumbo aircraft used by SAA now reside there on permanent display.
Germiston is served by the Bertha Gxowa Hospital, a public state hospital. Other private hospitals include Life Roseacres Hospital in Primrose.
The oldest high school in the city is part of the combined St Catherine's School, an independent Catholic school which was founded by the Dominican Sisters under the leadership of Mother Rose Nyland in the city centre in 1908. The school then relocated to Piercy Avenue in the suburb of Parkhill Gardens in the 1940s. Today it is considered to be one of the leading private schools in Gauteng. Germiston High School was founded in 1917 alongside Victoria Lake; from the 1940s to 1963, the girls were based in Fourth Avenue in Lambton, at what was known as Germiston Girls' High School, whilst the boys remained at the 1917 campus as Germiston Boys' High School. In 1964, due to the need to relocate the Afrikaans Delville Primary School, the girls were moved back to combine with the boys in the original historic buildings. The school celebrated its centenary in 2017. Famous past pupils include Dr Sydney Brenner, winner of the 2002 Nobel Prize.
The Germiston Boys' High School cadet band was known throughout South Africa as one of the greatest school cadet bands ever to compete and parade in South Africa. This cadet band's record of achievement is unparalleled in the history of South African school cadet bands. The band started its success from the year 1952, running up to and including 1964. Often the band would record an average mark of 99 percent overall. (Music performance, drumming, bugle and trumpet ensemble, along with drill, dress and discipline).
The school boasted a very large and active music centre for a number of years, which grew largely due to the work of the late George Burgess. The various jazz and concert bands that were the product of the music centre recorded various long playing records, won awards in various Eisteddfods and national competitions and appeared on television. Sadly, due to education department budget restructuring, the music centre was closed. The school still enjoys the singing of an excellent choir.
The rowing club, which won the South African National Championships in 1980, is still flourishing, and the oarsmen and women compete at all the school regattas.
Notable people to come from Germiston include: | <urn:uuid:ae4914d4-d8c0-442b-b156-f8aee61204e2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://db0nus869y26v.cloudfront.net/en/Germiston | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.965605 | 2,191 | 2.015625 | 2 |
The School of Education provides an online portfolio of Career-long Professional Learning (CPL) programmes for the education workforce, to meet both current and emerging needs associated with the profession and to reflect the increasing importance attached nationally to professional learning, update and practice.
The MEd Leadership for Learning is designed for workforce professionals from a variety of backgrounds who are experienced practitioners.
About the programme
The programme gives you the opportunity to enhance your professional practice in, and understanding of, current developments in the area of Leadership for Learning.
Modules will encourage you to reflect upon and enhance your practice and understanding of current trends in the area of Leadership for Learning. The programme currently has participants from a wide range of backgrounds including nursing, speech and language therapists, paramedics, nurses, teachers and lecturers.
The Certificate phase comprises three core modules: Curriculum Leadership: Investigating; Curriculum Leadership: Developing; and Curriculum Leadership: Disseminating. The Diploma phase comprises three core modules: Leadership: Vision and Values; Leadership: Qualities and Skills; and Research Methods. Upon successful completion of the Diploma participants can progress to the MEd stage where you will undertake a dissertation on a relevant topic of your choice.
There is no requirement to attend ‘face-to-face’ sessions on this programme as it is offered by distance learning, using the UWS virtual learning environment.
Our Careers Adviser says
Excellent leadership skills are highly sought after by employers in numerous sectors including education, health and social services. Showing a willingness to develop and build on existing leadership skills and to constantly seek ways to improve personal development goals are very attractive.
You’ll have access to a wide range of technology to facilitate your learning. Our libraries are stocked with a vast range of specialist resources to help you in your studies, and you’ll also have access to our extensive electronic library collection (including e-books and academic journals) and the virtual learning environment, Moodle.
Applicants must satisfy the specific admission requirements for Masters programmes offered by University of the West of Scotland and should normally hold an undergraduate degree in a related discipline.Exceptions may be made in the case of applicants who can demonstrate significant relevant experience together with recent academic study. English Language Requirements: Overseas students must meet UWS English Language Requirements.
Scottish/EU Students: £3,400, Rest of UK Students: £3,400, International Students £11,000
Recipient: University of the West of Scotland
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You haven’t included a message. Providing a specific message means universities will take your enquiry more seriously and helps them provide the information you need. Why not add a message here | <urn:uuid:195ae70a-afc7-4f27-963b-7dc13577dbc7> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.findamasters.com/search/masters-degree/i360d6387c26908/leadership-for-learning-med | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279489.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00014-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.926473 | 561 | 1.5625 | 2 |
The vote against the Federal Marriage Amendment in the Senate shows just how little regard senators have for the will of the people, said Family Research Council (FRC) President Tony Perkins yesterday.
The constitutional amendment, which would have preserved the definition of marriage as the union of one man and one woman, had been debated both in and out of the Senate for months. However, senators only cast their votes yesterday.
Recent polls indicate that between 60 and 70 percent of Americans want marriage to remain one man, one woman, Perkins noted. In addition, nine states are poised to have state constitutional amendments on their ballots this fall on marriage.
“Americans realize that the protection of marriage is vital to the future of the family, the welfare of children and the security of our nation,” he said.
"The Senate's vote today has left the future of marriage in the hands of unelected judges, at least for the time being.”
Perkins vowed in a press release that the “fight [for marriage] has just begun.”
The FRC said pro-family groups have benefited from the debate over the past few days.
“Every time this issue is forced into the public square, the opposition to same-sex 'marriage' among the American public grows,” said Perkins. “Second, we now know which Senators are for traditional marriage and which ones are not, and by November, so will voters in every state.”
The FRC is promoting "thank you" or "shame you" messages to senators at: http://www.frc.org/get.cfm?i=AL04G05 | <urn:uuid:e0219ec4-02d3-4f82-9eff-06885b578ecc> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/battle_for_marriage_has_just_begun_says_family_group_after_senate_blocks_amendment/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281331.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00218-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.972073 | 342 | 1.65625 | 2 |
“Be Like Water, My Friend…”– Bruce Lee
Water is essential to life. There’s no question. But water has the potential to create or destroy. Of this, there is also no question. Bruce Lee is famously known for including the concept to “be like water” in his teachings. And for good reason. The concept behind this is an important one in the martial arts. Fluidity of movement and adapting any given scenario without necessarily being stuck to any one system or style is what I always felt Lee was getting at when he referred to this.
I think my favourite version of this, was said by Jason Scott Lee when he starred as Bruce Lee (believe it or not, there’s no relation) in Dragon: The Bruce Lee Story in 1993. Lee explains how in order to study the martial arts a practitioner has to “be like the nature of water.” He explains that water will take any form, fill any container. Water is the softest stuff on Earth, but it can penetrate rock… Yeah… About that last one…
Enter: last Thursday night. I was sitting in my small basement office, researching and typing away and searching for jobs. Sometime late in the evening, beyond the 10pm hour, a thunder storm rolled in and thunder was audible in the basement. For whatever reason, Nathan becomes skittish and frightened when there’s thunder so I went upstairs to find him standing on his bed looking out the window. I could tell he was apprehensive, so I offered to build him a blanket fort in the downstairs office so he could go to sleep and have me nearby. He eagerly agreed.
Torrential rain fell for well over an hour and just past the 11pm hour, my wife came down to check on us and confirm that I had closed up our garage (which I had). As we stepped out of the office together and walked towards the stairs, we could see a difference in colour on our basement floor and turned on some lights. We found that the floor at our west wall was soaked with water. Our baseboards had warped and at least a half dozen cardboard boxes we had in storage had soaked up a heavy amount of rain water.
Our foundation was very obviously leaking, and we worked quickly to try and move as many things out of the line of water as we could. Just to be clear, it wasn’t pouring water in like a sieve, but water was seeping in enough to have a visible wetness on the tile floor in the storage room and to soak about two feet of carpet from the wall, all along the western edge of our house. We emptied out our boxes and found that several books had been damaged/ruined in the incident and that many other items were in need of drying off.
It was late at night, and I had consumed a couple of glasses of red wine at this point and was ready for bed. Nothing snaps you out of it quite like a threatening incident against your home. I was at a loss. There was no way to stop the rain and certainly no way to repair the foundation in such a way that it would stop the further propagation of water during the night. We did the best we could in moving everything away from the damaged wall and called it a night.
I’ve often written that foundation is everything. Your foundation is basis for everything that it holds up and that if your foundation is weak, your structure can be the strongest in the world but will still falter, in time. In writing about that concept, I’ve usually been referring to the martial arts. But the joke is that I was now exposed to a real-life example of how this is true. The foundation of my home is now weakened and compromised and it threatens the safety of my home as a whole.
I contacted our insurance company the following day to report the incident. I was provided good, friendly service by the lady I was speaking to and was scheduled to have an adjuster/investigator come assess the damages to see if our insurance would cover costs of repairs. I asked several questions, one of which was whether or not the foundation would be repaired in order to prevent such a thing from happening again. The response was that all of the foundations in our city were subject to cracking and shifting because of the nature of our soil, and that insurance wouldn’t cover anything related to our foundation due to it being a “naturally occurring event that happens over time.”
I was understandably upset and asked her what, exactly, that she expected would be repaired for us if not the actual source of the problem. She explained that they would replace our baseboard and walls, as well as pull up the carpet, clean and replace the flooring as necessary. So basically, they’d be looking at replacing our 1969 orange carpet and wooden clapboard, which we were planning on renovating anyway. But they fully intended on leaving the foundation damaged.
It’s a prime example of how the almighty dollar rules modern society. When we purchased our home, we were forced to obtain home owner’s insurance in order to be approved for a mortgage. I don’t know if this is the same everywhere, but it was certainly the case through my bank. But despite being forced to get it and paying thousands a year in premiums, they don’t seem keen on covering the aspects of one’s home that can actually become an issue. Not to mention the $1,000 deductible that I would have to pay.
The lady also advised me that moving forward with a claim would eliminate my “claims-free” status and that my yearly premium would be increased by 15% for the next three years. I was polite enough not to swear at her over the phone, but I have to admit that I’ve never wanted to get rid of a home so badly in my life. I think we may be shopping around for a closer and better insurance company in the near future. In the meantime, my wife and I need to start the arduous task of taking our basement apart and starting repairs on our own. And we’ll likely have to repair our foundation at our own cost. Ah, home ownership…
Like I said, this is a real life example of how water can be just as destructive to us as it is necessary. Even if one were to assume that a concrete wall should be able to hold water at bay, my home is proof that water will eventually erode any surface and find its way through. This should be a good lesson for the importance of tenacity and commitment. But at the moment, it’s really just something that’s testing the upper limits of my calm. ☯ | <urn:uuid:5fa8be76-baa5-4b2a-8620-1fe093de41a8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thebloggingbuddhist.com/category/opinion/page/29/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00477.warc.gz | en | 0.984952 | 1,395 | 1.828125 | 2 |
Dudley has been since 1974 a large town in the county of the West Midlands in England. It is located 6 miles (9.7 km) south-east of Wolverhampton and 8 miles (13 km) north-west of Birmingham. The town is the administrative centre of the Metropolitan Borough of Dudley and in 2011 had a population of 79,379. However, this figure excludes areas such as Sedgley and Gornall which under previous methodology were included in the town. The Dudley urban sub-division up area has a population of 194,919, while the wider metropolitan borough has a population of 312,900 (see Demography in the Wikipedia article). Dudley is sometimes called the capital of the Black Country.
For many years the town (but not the castle, which was outside the boundary in Staffordshire) formed part of an exclave of the county of Worcestershire. The change to include Dudley in Staffordshire only occurred in 1966. Wikipedia includes a map of 1814 illustrating the placement of the county border at that time. Despite the more recent changes in county boundaries, the town and borough still remain part of the Anglican Diocese of Worcester. There are further notes on Dudley Castle below.
Period of the Middle Ages
Dudley Castle, constructed in 1070 by Ansculf de Picquigny after his acquisition of the town, served as the seat of the extensive Barony of Dudley, which possessed estates in eleven different counties across England.
The castle provided the centre from which the town and borough grew, with early coal and iron workings helping establish Dudley as a major market town during the Middle Ages, selling not only agricultural produce, but also iron goods at a national level. Working iron and mining for coal was in practice as early as the 13th century. The first mention of Dudley's status as a borough dates from the mid-13th century, when Roger de Somery, then Baron of Dudley, approved of the establishment of a market in nearby Wolverhampton. An inquisition after his death further established the value and importance of the borough, with mentions to the town's growing coal industry.
Early modern and Industrial Revolution
By the early 16th century the Dudley estate, now held by the Sutton family, had become severely in debt, and was first mortgaged to distant relative John Dudley, Duke of Northumberland, before being sold outright in 1535. Following Dudley's death, the estate returned to the Sutton family, during which time the town was visited by Queen Elizabeth during a tour of England.
During the English Civil War Dudley served as a Royalist stronghold, with the castle besieged twice by the Parliamentarians and later partly demolished on the orders of the Government after the Royalist surrender.
Dudley had become an incredibly impoverished place during the 16th and 17th centuries, but the advent of the Industrial Revolution began to reverse this trend. In the early 17th century, Dud Dudley, an illegitimate son of Edward Sutton, 5th Baron Dudley, devised a method of smelting iron ore using coke at his father's works in Cradley and Pensnett Chase, though his trade was unsuccessful due to circumstances of the time. His techniques were later refined by his distant relative Abraham Darby, who established his works in Coalbrookdale, Shropshire.
Dud Dudley's discovery, together with improvements to the local road network and the construction of the Dudley Canal between 1779 and 1792, made Dudley into an important industrial and commercial centre. The first Newcomen steam engine, used to pump water from the mines of the Lord Dudley's estates, was installed at the Conygree coal works a mile east of Dudley Castle in 1712. This is challenged by Wolverhampton, which also claims to have been the location of the first working Newcomen engine.
Dudley's population grew dramatically during the 18th and 19th centuries because of the increase in industry, with the main industries including coal and limestone mining. Other industries included iron, steel, engineering, metallurgy, glass cutting, textiles and leatherworking.
19th and 20th centuries
During this time living conditions remained incredibly poor, with Dudley being named 'the most unhealthy place in the country', which led to the installation of clean water supplies and sewage systems, and later the extensive development of council housing during the early 20th century to relocate the occupants of local slum housing.
Following parliamentary reforms in 1966, Dudley was expanded to include the majority of the former urban districts of Brierley Hill and Sedgley, along with parts of Coseley, Amblecote and Rowley Regis; an area in the eastern section of the town was also transferred into the new borough of Warley. At this time Dudley commenced its 8-year sojourn in Staffordshire before transferring to the West Midlands in 1974.
Dudley Castle is a ruined fortification in the town of Dudley, West Midlands, England. Dudley Zoo is located in its grounds. The location, Castle Hill, is an outcrop of Wenlock Group limestone that was extensively quarried during the Industrial Revolution, and which now along with Wren's Nest Hill is a Scheduled Ancient Monument as the best surviving remains of the limestone industry in Dudley. It is also a Grade I listed building. The Dudley Tunnel runs beneath Castle Hill, but not the castle itself.
Quoting from Wikipedia
In 1889, the extra-parochial place of Dudley Castle, formerly in Worcestershire, became a detached part of Staffordshire, surrounded by the county borough of Dudley, itself a detached part of Worcestershire. In 1894, [on the establishment of rural districts], the area became the only parish in Dudley Rural District. In 1929, it was absorbed by the civil parish and county borough of Dudley, Worcestershire.
Dudley Castle Hill was also considered to be part of Dudley Rural District.
Dudley Archives and Local History (Link revised.)
Staffordshire Research Tips
Reminder: Staffordshire today covers a much smaller area than formerly. The West Midlands now governs the southeastern corner of pre-1974 Staffordshire and Stoke-on-Trent, although ceremonially still part of Staffordshire, is a unitary authority covering a large well-populated part of the north of the county.
Further Research Tips
Refer to Wikipedia for sources for the above article. | <urn:uuid:fcd75cb9-ab3f-42ea-9af9-2a61eed1fd28> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.werelate.org/wiki/Place:Dudley,_Worcestershire,_England | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988722951.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183842-00209-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.971138 | 1,316 | 3.21875 | 3 |
Welcome to Havana, Señor Hemingway
"My grandfather knocked down Ernest Hemingway, or so I was told..." So begins an intriguing journey of discovery to Cuba. Many years ago, Javier Lopez Angulo met the celebrated writer in Prohibition-era Havana. Now, his grandson returns to the island to find out why their friendship ended so abruptly. The result is a richly detailed historical novel. which brings to life the Golden Age of Havana in the 1930s and presents a fresh portrait of Hemingway from a Cuban perspective.--From publisher description.
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A quarter century before the revolution that brought Castro to power in Cuba was also a time of brutal political unrest, and Ernest Hemingway was in the midst of it all, fishing for marlin, carousing ... Read full review | <urn:uuid:7490708a-caab-456f-afd4-7412ea8dadd0> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://books.google.com/books?id=qqNuAAAAMAAJ&q=Havana+Trust&dq=related:ISBN0394539834&lr=&source=gbs_word_cloud_r&hl=en | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280364.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00034-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.914553 | 210 | 1.820313 | 2 |
In January 2003, President Bush announced plans for the U.S. to rejoin an international research consortium that aims to build the world’s first nuclear fusion reactor. If it works, the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) will be the first reactor of its kind capable of producing a nearly unlimited amount of clean, safe, and cheap energy.
With research underway for over a decade now, the ITER has been a joint enterprise of Europe, Canada, Russia, China, Japan, and the U.S., though the United States withdrew support in 1998 due to budgetary concerns. ITER’s construction costs have since been reduced from ten to five billion dollars, and last year, the National Energy Task Force, chaired by Vice President Cheney, asked the Department of Energy to take a second look at nuclear fusion’s feasibility and promise.
Unlike today’s nuclear fission reactors — which use scarce uranium resources, produce radioactive waste, and cause environmental problems — a fusion reactor could theoretically produce energy from naturally abundant hydrogen isotopes, creating only a nominal amount of radioactive waste that becomes inert in roughly the span of a human life.
Many of the world’s leading scientific journals have adopted a voluntary policy that acknowledges the danger of publishing research that might be of value to terrorists. Under the new policy, journals will set up processes to determine whether a study could be exploited for the purposes of bioterrorism. Editors will have the prerogative to modify — or even decline to publish — risky papers.
This new self-censorship policy seeks prudently to balance the scientific tradition of openness with the reality of the world’s present security situation. The policy has its critics, like the Stanford microbiologist who pointed out to the New York Times that some research, proscribed because of its potential value for terrorism, could also be useful for biodefense. “Ignorance is not a good defense,” he said. “Knowledge is.” Of course, other sensitive areas of scientific research — including branches of physics and mathematics — have long operated under some secrecy restrictions.
The new policy was fleshed out at a January workshop sponsored by the National Academy of Sciences and the Center for Security and International Studies. A statement describing the policy was announced in February at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Science and Nature are among the two dozen participating journals.
Last January, the Supreme Court upheld a law passed by Congress in 1998 that extended all copyright protections by an additional 20 years, thereby preventing nearly half a million books, movies, poems, songs and other creative material produced between 1923 and 1943 from entering the public domain for two decades. Under the 1998 law, new artistic works don’t enter the public domain until the author has been dead for 70 years (or 95 years if the copyright holder is a corporation). The recent Court ruling means, essentially, that Congress could continue to extend copyright every 20 years ad infinitum, even though the Constitution only allows Congress to authorize copyrights for “limited times.”
The case, Eldred v. Ashcroft, can be seen as just the most recent skirmish in the continuing war over intellectual property in the age of the Internet. This war pits the owners and producers of intellectual property, particularly the music and movie industries, against the “information wants to be free” crowd, led by a motley crew of techno-geeks, libertarians, and librarians. The most famous battles have been over online trading — call it “sharing” or “piracy” depending on whose side you’re on — of copyrighted music and movies. In Eldred, as in those other cases, we see how the tendency of the Internet to decentralize information conflicts with the desire of corporations to keep a tight grip on their intellectual property.
In the wake of the decision, Lawrence Lessig, the Stanford Law School professor who argued before the Court against the 1998 law, has proposed the “Eldred Act,” which would require a copyright holder to pay a nominal fee — perhaps just one dollar — to keep a copyright active after 50 years. His proposal, which Steve Forbes has called a “sensible compromise,” is attracting attention.
The Pentagon’s controversial Total Information Awareness (TIA) program is still alive, despite a congressional effort to end it. A project of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, TIA would sift through enormous amounts of information in order to help other government agencies find terrorists before their plans are carried out. Although the project is still in the earliest stages of development, the news of its existence last year was a media sensation and spawned an enormous public reaction, resulting in congressional efforts to limit the scope of the project and block its funding.
Work on TIA hasn’t stopped, although the Pentagon has acknowledged the controversy by setting up two oversight boards to monitor the project: an internal board within the Department of Defense and an outside advisory board that includes such luminaries as Newton Minow, Floyd Abrams, and Lloyd Cutler.
Meanwhile, privacy advocates are gearing up to fight another government data-mining system, the Computer Assisted Passenger Prescreening System II (CAPPS II). This system, created by the Transportation Security Administration, would run quick background checks on all airline passengers before they are allowed to board planes. According to a March press release, the Transportation Security Administration “expects to test CAPPS II this spring and implement it throughout the U.S. commercial air travel system by the summer of 2004.”
Spending on healthcare rose dramatically in 2001, according to a recent report from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. In that year, Americans spent $1.424 trillion on healthcare — which breaks down to over $5,000 per capita. That’s a rise of 8.7 percent over 2000, the steepest percentage increase in a decade. The report, published in the January/February issue of the journal Health Affairs, also says that healthcare spending grew to 14.1 percent of the GDP in 2001, up from 13.3 percent the year before.
Shannon Brownlee, senior fellow at the New America Foundation, says we’re suffering from a surfeit of healthcare in this country. Writing in the January/February Atlantic Monthly, Brownlee links geography to healthcare spending, making the case that there is “excess spending” on healthcare in some parts of the country. Citing recent studies, Brownlee argues that higher spending on healthcare “does not buy citizens better health” — and in fact can be deleterious, as when a patient is “subjected to diagnostic testing that leads to unnecessary treatment.”
Researchers in Germany, a country still haunted by gruesome memories of Nazi doctors experimenting on Jews (among others), have begun importing embryonic stem cells from Israel for research purposes.
In 1990, the Bundestag passed a law prohibiting research on human embryos and banning their creation in laboratories for any purpose other than in vitro fertilization. In recent years, as interest in embryonic stem cell research has grown, some German policymakers argued that the government should at least allow the importation of embryonic cells from other countries, so Germany could reap the potential medical and economic benefits of such research.
Despite condemnation from a coalition of religious leaders and Greens, the Bundestag voted in 2002 to allow embryonic stem cell importation, but only for use in experiments of “overwhelming significance.” In December, a neurobiologist from Bonn received the first permit to import cells derived from destroyed human embryos; the first shipment came from a lab in Haifa, Israel.
At least two writers so far have described the experience of having their entire genome scanned for mutations. Last November, David Ewing Duncan wrote in Wired magazine about becoming the first healthy human to be fully screened for genetic indicators of possible disease. “All I’ve really learned,” Duncan said, “is I might get heart disease, and I could get diabetes. And I should avoid smoking and unsafe sex — as if I didn’t already know this.”
In February, Nicholas Kristof described his own genome scan in the New York Times. He learned that he has “common mutations that give me a mildly increased risk for dangerous blood clots, schizophrenia and Type 2 diabetes. Worst of all, my ApoE gene indicates I have three times the average risk for getting Alzheimer’s.” Nice of them to share!
For the last seventeen years, a tiny federal agency, run jointly by the State Department and the Pentagon, has been quietly encouraging the development of anti-terrorism technologies in the private sector. The Technical Support Working Group provides funding for promising research into devices and techniques that might be useful in preventing or responding to terrorism. They receive applications for funding from companies and individuals, and offer grants to those that seem promising.
The events of September 11 obviously brought added urgency to the group’s work — and significantly more funding. After living with annual budgets under $10 million for years, the agency’s budget this year could exceed $200 million. According to the Wall Street Journal, the group has received more than 16,000 proposals in the past two years, but only about 120 were funded. Among these are the “dosimeter” (a tiny device that can alert users if they have been exposed to radioactive material), an undershirt that can efficiently cool a person wearing body armor, and a nearly-invincible laptop computer for use by emergency personnel. The group, acting on behalf of the Department of Homeland Security, now has its eye on devices to screen train passengers, to detect floating mines, and to sample and decontaminate air in office buildings and public places.
Dolly the sheep, the world’s first cloned mammal, was euthanized by her creators on Valentine’s Day, after she was found to be suffering from a severe and untreatable lung infection. Researchers at the Roslin Institute in Edinburgh, Scotland, where Dolly was created and kept, said they hoped to learn through autopsy whether her condition, and the premature arthritis from which she suffered, had anything to do with the fact that she was a clone.
Garry Kasparov, the world’s top-ranked chess player, tied a match against a computer program called “Deep Junior” in February. This was Kasparov’s third highly-publicized match against an advanced chess program; he won the first match (in 1996 against the “Deep Blue” computer) and lost the second (a 1997 rematch against Deep Blue). The tie in this year’s match against Deep Junior was apparently the result of a questionable decision by Kasparov in the final game to offer a draw too quickly.
In a subsequent op-ed in the Wall Street Journal, Kasparov characterized these matches as part of a grand experiment in artificial intelligence, and he lauded the operators of Deep Junior for their fairness and openness. He also criticized the IBM team behind his former nemesis Deep Blue, because after Deep Blue’s 1997 victory over Kasparov, they “dismantled the machine and terminated the experiment” instead of “conducting follow-up experiments” and “spawning dozens of doctoral theses.”
China’s manned spaceflight plans are part of a larger strategy to step up the country’s production of high-tech weapons systems, according to the Russian Ministry of Defense. As translated and reported in the American Foreign Policy Council’s “China Reform Monitor,” the Russians believe that China’s “main emphasis of military production is on breakthrough technologies in rocketry and space, aviation, naval, and laser equipment, air-defense systems, and command, control, and communications.”
DriveSavers, a California company that specializes in data recovery, employs a full-time crisis counselor to console and comfort customers distressed by the prospect of losing their hard drives, according to the San Francisco Chronicle. The counselor apparently spent years working at a suicide hotline before coming to DriveSavers — and the new job seems to her pretty similar. As she put it: “A crisis is a crisis is a crisis.”
Based on DNA evidence collected in countries that were once part of the Mongol empire, a team of researchers has concluded that about one out of every 200 men alive today is descended from Genghis Khan. By using genetic clues on the Y-chromosome, which only men have, the researchers determined that a single man who lived in the last millennium is probably the direct male ancestor of 16 million men alive today. In their paper, called “The Genetic Legacy of the Mongols” (American Journal of Human Genetics), the researchers concluded that only Genghis Khan fit the bill. By way of comparison, an ordinary male contemporary of Genghis Khan would likely have about 20 descendants in his direct male line alive today.
Agnes Scott College, a women’s school just outside Atlanta, opened its new science center earlier this year. Gracing the east wall of the building’s atrium is a three-story double helix, along with more than a thousand letters representing a nucleotide sequence from the mitochondrial DNA of the woman for whom the college was named. Although Agnes Scott died in 1877 and no samples of her DNA were available, the school found a writer living in Pennsylvania who, because she is a direct female descendant of Agnes Scott, has the same mitochondrial DNA. The descendant was also an alumna of the school, and she agreed to donate samples of her blood for the project.
Last December, the federal government launched a new website to bring together science-related resources from about a dozen government agencies. The site is Science.gov, a one-stop-shopping portal modeled after the FirstGov site.
Notes & Briefs | <urn:uuid:780e1ee7-cf16-4c83-b8e4-f263a1ab62d0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://tna-dev.tbfdev.com/publications/notes-and-briefs-spring-2003 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00679.warc.gz | en | 0.952981 | 2,892 | 2.5 | 2 |
State of Emergency or Emergency in a state? When an emergency isn't really an emergency.
President Jonathan declared a “State of Emergency” in Yobe, Borno and Adamawa states respectively, good! However his declaration doesn't affect the political appointees in the affected states. Some expected a situation where the executive is suspended and the military assumes command in the interim- as it is assumed 'force' is the best strategy to quell the insurgents for good. But the President has chosen an approach which many are keen to see its implementation, due to its perceived duality of powers.
State of Emergency explained:
"A state of emergency is a governmental declaration which usually suspends a few normal functions of the executive, legislative and judicial powers, alert citizens to change their normal behaviours, or order government agencies to implement emergency preparedness plans. It can also be used as a rationale for suspending rights and freedoms, even if guaranteed under the constitution. Such declarations usually come during a time of natural or man made disaster, during periods of civil unrest, or following a declaration of war or situation of international or internal armed conflict."
To some of the President's critics the “State of Emergency” is a contradiction in terms, they are accused of never seeing anything good in whatever he does. To his supporters however, the declaration is long overdue, as they will defend anything he does- including special pardons and his “I don't give a damn” attitude.
Interestingly this isn't the first time Jonathan would declare a “State of Emergency”, in Yobe and Borno especially.
A State of Emergency was declared on 31 December 2011, in the North-Eastern (Yobe and Borno States) and North-Central (Plateau and Niger State) regions of the country.
Basically, another “State of Emergency” has been declared in the 'States' of Emergency. Evidently nothing was achieved by the previous declaration and we wonder what effect this latest declaration, however special, would have on the affected areas.
I wonder how the “amnesty” initiative fits into this bedlam.
An awkward development occurred while one of the accused Boko Haram members, Kabiru Sokoto appeared in court recently, according to his lawyer “Our client has confided in us that he never met with the Amnesty Committee. Even on the said date of the purported meeting, Kabiru Sokoto was before Justice Ademola Adeniyi.”
With this contradictory revelation, many are beginning to question the dynamics and authenticity of this amnesty programme.
As expected, some prominent figures are questioning the rationale behind this declaration and wonder why Nassarawa and Bayelsa States weren't including on the declaration list- considering a significant number of police officers have been murdered by militia in those states.
Nigeria is probably at its most fragile ebb and whatever decisions the President takes affects lives. To those in the affected regions, the hardship continues. Overtime numerous lives have been lost: the police, the JTF and civilians, they are all Nigerians, so from that perspective, we are killing ourselves.
The President is meant to be the Commander-in-Chief of the Federal Republic of Nigeria and is responsible for security of the nation. President Jonathan hasn't really impressed majority of the citizenry on security, we fervently hope he can get a grip on the nations security challenges.
Some may applaud this move as firm and decisive, as some would dismiss it as political rhetoric and strategising towards the next elections. Whatever it is, we want a stop to the wasting of innocent lives and our richly diverse human resources.
As the confusion on the State of Emergency continues, we hope we aren't left more confused than we were about the state of affairs, before the declaration: a State of Confusion!
Full Speech of President Jonathan on The State of Emergency, May 14th 2013.
1. It has become necessary for me to address you on the recent spate of terrorist activities and protracted security challenges in some parts of the country, particularly in Borno, Yobe, Adamawa, Gombe, Bauchi, Kano, Plateau and most recently Bayelsa, Taraba, Benue and Nasarawa states. These unfortunate events have led to needless loss of lives and property of many innocent Nigerians including members of our security forces.
2. The recent killing of security operatives by a cult group in Nasarawa state is particularly condemnable. I have directed that no effort or expense be spared in identifying and bringing to justice all those who had a hand in the killing of the operatives.
3. The activities of insurgents and terrorists have been reprehensible, causing fear among our citizens and a near-breakdown of law and order in parts of the country, especially the North. We have taken robust steps to unravel and address the root causes of these crises, but it would appear that there is a systematic effort by insurgents and terrorists to destabilize the Nigerian state and test our collective resolve.
4. Since I returned to the country after cutting short my visit to South Africa and aborting a planned state visit to Namibia, I have received detailed briefings from our security agencies. These briefings indicate that what we are facing is not just militancy or criminality, but a rebellion and insurgency by terrorist groups which pose a very serious threat to national unity and territorial integrity. Already, some northern parts of Borno state have been taken over by groups whose allegiance is to different flags and ideologies.
5. These terrorists and insurgents seem determined to establish control and authority over parts of our beloved nation and to progressively overwhelm the rest of the country. In many places, they have destroyed the Nigerian flag and other symbols of state authority and in their place, hoisted strange flags suggesting the exercise of alternative sovereignty.
6. They have attacked government buildings and facilities. They have murdered innocent citizens and state officials. They have set houses ablaze, and taken women and children as hostages. These actions amount to a declaration of war and a deliberate attempt to undermine the authority of the Nigerian state and threaten her territorial integrity. As a responsible government, we will not tolerate this.
7. Previously, we adopted a multi-track approach to the resolution of this problem through actions which included persuasion, dialogue and widespread consultation with the political, religious and community leaders in the affected states.
8. We exercised restraint to allow for all efforts by both State Governors and well-meaning Nigerians to stop the repeated cases of mindless violence.
9. Yet, the insurgents and terrorists seek to prevent government from fulfilling its constitutional obligations to the people as they pursue their fanatical agenda of mayhem, mass murder, division and separatism.
10. While the efforts at persuasion and dialogue will continue, let me reiterate that we have a sacred duty to ensure the security and well-being of all our people and protect the sovereign integrity of our country. Therefore, we shall, on no account, shy away from doing whatever becomes necessary to provide the fullest possible security for the citizens of this country in any part of the country they choose to reside.
11. We have a duty to stand firm against those who threaten the sovereign integrity of the Nigerian state. Our will is strong, because our faith lies in the indivisibility of Nigeria.
12. Following recent developments in the affected states, it has become necessary for Government to take extraordinary measures to restore normalcy. After wide consultations, and in exercise of the powers conferred on me by the provisions of Section 305, sub-section 1 of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 1999 as amended, I hereby declare a State of Emergency in Borno, Yobe and Adamawa states.
13. Accordingly, the Chief of Defence Staff has been directed to immediately deploy more troops to these states for more effective internal security operations. The troops and other security agencies involved in these operations have orders to take all necessary action, within the ambit of their rules of engagement, to put an end to the impunity of insurgents and terrorists.
14. This will include the authority to arrest and detain suspects, the taking of possession and control of any building or structure used for terrorist purposes, the lock-down of any area of terrorist operation, the conduct of searches, and the apprehension of persons in illegal possession of weapons.
15. The details of this Proclamation will be transmitted to the National Assembly in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution. But in the meantime, let me make it clear that within the purview of this Proclamation, the Governors and other political office holders in the affected states will continue to discharge their constitutional responsibilities.
16. I urge the political leadership in Borno, Yobe and Adamawa states to co-operate maximally with the Armed Forces and the Police to ensure that the exercise succeeds. We call on the citizenry to co-operate with our security agencies to ensure a return to normalcy within the shortest possible time.
17. I am again approaching our neighbouring countries, through diplomatic channels, as done in the recent past, for their co-operation in apprehending any terrorist elements that may escape across the border.
18. Nigerians are peace-loving people; these sad events perpetrated by those who do not wish our nation well have not changed the essential character of our people.
19. I want to reassure you all that those who are directly or indirectly encouraging any form of rebellion against the Nigerian state, and their collaborators; those insurgents and terrorists who take delight in killing our security operatives, whoever they may be, wherever they may go, we will hunt them down, we will fish them out, and we will bring them to justice. No matter what it takes, we will win this war against terror.
20. I am convinced that with your support and prayers, we shall overcome these challenges and together, we will restore every part of our country to the path of peace, growth and development.
Long live the Federal Republic of Nigeria. | <urn:uuid:5ef54224-25bd-4363-a262-f3d938f7c25a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://saharareporters.com/2013/05/14/state-confusion-mbo-owolowo | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283008.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00088-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.960586 | 2,045 | 2.125 | 2 |
What was Jesus’ real name in his aramaic language?
As far as we can tell, Jesus’ name in the Aramaic of his day was Yeshua, which corresponds to the Joshua of the Old Testament (Yĕhowshuwa`). An indication that we’re on the right track is found in Acts 7:44-6,
“Our fathers had the tabernacle of witness in the wilderness, as he had appointed, speaking unto Moses, that he should make it according to the fashion that he had seen. Which also our fathers that came after brought in with Jesus into the possession of the Gentiles, whom God drave out before the face of our fathers, unto the days of David; Who found favour before God, and desired to find a tabernacle for the God of Jacob.”
Read that a few times and you’ll realize the Jesus mentioned here is that Joshua who succeeded Moses in leading the children of Israel into the Promised Land.
The name Joshua means “Jehovah is salvation”, and is based on the root yasha`, which means “to save” or “to deliver”. Both angels and the vilest of men used this as a play on words. When the angel greeted the shepherds, they identified which of all the children born that night was their Messiah, “For unto you is born this day in the city of David a Saviour (yasha), which is Christ the Lord” (Luke 2:11). On the cross detractors taunted, “He trusted in God; let him deliver him now, if he will have him: for he said, I am the Son of God” (Matthew 27:43), or in other words, “Yeshua (Yahweh + yasha) trusted in Yahweh, let Yahweh yasha him now, if he will have him.” | <urn:uuid:5033738c-5060-434e-a9d0-3b82ce92de9c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://askgramps.org/jesus-real-name/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280292.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00340-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.976824 | 409 | 2.75 | 3 |
You know the problem: the dishwasher that has cleaned your dishes faithfully for 15 years suddenly stops working. You call out a repairman who identifies the problem: the filter unit has finally given up the ghost. "Ah," you say, much relieved, "can you fit a new one?" At which point the chap shakes his head sorrowfully. No can do, he explains. The company that made the machine was taken over years ago by another outfit and they no longer supply spares for your ancient machine.
Up until now, this story would have had a predictable ending in which you sorrowfully junked your trusty dishwasher and bought a new one. But there's an emerging technology that could change that. It's called three-dimensional printing.
Eh? Surely printing is intrinsically a two-dimensional process, involving the squirting of coloured dyes on to flat sheets of paper? And indeed it is, so perhaps the use of the word "printing" in 3D printing is a bit naughty – which is why men in suits tends to call it "additive manufacturing". But there is still a strong metaphorical correspondence between the 2D and 3D processes. In the former, we take an electronic representation of a document on a computer screen and output a replica of that on to paper; in the latter, we take a three-dimensional computer model of something and use printing-like technology to create a three-dimensional version of it in plastic or other materials.
It works like this: a designer uses computer-assisted design software to create a three-dimensional model of an object. Another program then "slices" the model into thin sections and instructs the "printer" to lay down an exact replica of the section in plastic (or other types of) granules which are then fused to become a solid layer. The process is repeated, slice by slice, until the entire object has been made.
What comes irresistibly to mind the first time one sees a 3D printer in action is Arthur C Clarke's famous observation that "any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic". You're sitting there watching the machine busily going about its business and then, suddenly, there's a complex, fully functional object with moving parts – for example the roller-bearings that are an essential component in every thing that runs on wheels. And then you realise that this is not a technology for making toys and garden gnomes, but something that could transform manufacturing.
Why? Because up until now, manufacturing has been dominated by economies of scale. The upfront costs of "tooling up" to manufacture anything – whether it's roller bearings or automobiles – using conventional materials and assembly methods are huge, so you have to stamp out many thousands of identical products in order to get the price of each one down to a reasonable level. But with 3D printing, the tooling-up costs are much less – essentially consisting of the costs of building the computer model of the product. And since it's easy to tweak a computer model – it's just software, after all – small production runs suddenly become economic. So the technology could enable a shift from the mass production bequeathed to us by Henry Ford to what some people call "mass customisation".
The disruptive significance of this has yet to dawn on many governments and corporations. But some observers – for example writers for that great cheerleader of capitalism, the Economist – are trying to attract their attention by dubbing digital-driven manufacturing the "third Industrial Revolution". "Digital technology has already rocked the media and retailing industries," says the Economist, "just as cotton mills crushed hand looms and the Model T put farriers out of work. Many people will look at the factories of the future and shudder. They will not be full of grimy machines manned by men in oily overalls. Many will be squeaky clean – and almost deserted... Most jobs will not be on the factory floor but in the offices nearby, which will be full of designers, engineers, IT specialists, logistics experts, marketing staff and other professionals. The manufacturing jobs of the future will require more skills. Many dull, repetitive tasks will become obsolete: you no longer need riveters when a product has no rivets."
Quite so. There's just one fly in this techno-Utopian ointment. Just suppose the Economist is right – that digital manufacturing really does wipe out the low-level manufacturing jobs currently provided, here and overseas, by older technology. What then happens to the hundreds of millions of people who will have no employment (not everyone can become "designers, engineers, IT specialists, logistics experts", after all), and who, incidentally, will not have the disposable income to purchase the wonderful products created by digital manufacturing? 3D printing may indeed be indistinguishable from magic; but it could turn out to be of the blacker variety. | <urn:uuid:b0fbff71-7c99-494d-a138-fea0262f3598> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2012/may/13/3d-printing-digital-manufacturing-industry | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282202.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00547-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956185 | 992 | 2.890625 | 3 |
|1.||Chaisson, Richard E: 24 articles (10/2015 - 12/2002)|
|2.||Peloquin, Charles A: 19 articles (06/2014 - 09/2002)|
|3.||Grant, Alison D: 17 articles (04/2015 - 06/2005)|
|4.||Churchyard, Gavin J: 17 articles (04/2015 - 06/2005)|
|5.||Nuermberger, Eric L: 16 articles (07/2015 - 02/2004)|
|6.||Donald, P R: 15 articles (12/2011 - 06/2000)|
|7.||Karakousis, Petros C: 14 articles (01/2015 - 09/2004)|
|8.||Tuberculosis Trials Consortium: 12 articles (08/2015 - 08/2002)|
|9.||Fielding, Katherine L: 12 articles (04/2015 - 06/2005)|
|10.||Menzies, Dick: 12 articles (07/2013 - 08/2004)|
04/16/2015 - "Isoniazid is reported to be the most reliable and cost-effective remedy for tuberculosis treatment and prophylaxis among first line anti-tuberculosis drugs. "
01/01/1991 - "The parenteral administration of isoniazid in combination with other drugs was shown to be highly beneficial in disseminated form of tuberculosis in children."
05/01/1952 - "[Remarkable efficacy of isonicotinic acid hydrazide in a case of lingual tuberculosis and a case of ano-rectal tuberculosis]."
04/01/2005 - "The optimal duration of preventive therapy with single drug isoniazid, daily or twice weekly, should be greater than six months to provide the maximum degree of protection against tuberculosis. "
01/23/2014 - "Analysis of the direct effect of isoniazid in 10,909 miners showed a reduced incidence of tuberculosis during treatment (1.10 cases per 100 person-years among miners receiving isoniazid vs. 2.91 cases per 100 person-years among controls; adjusted rate ratio, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.20 to 0.88; P=0.03), but there was a subsequent rapid loss of protection. "
05/01/2013 - "This study is a pharmacogenetic clinical trial designed to clarify whether the N-acetyltransferase 2 gene (NAT2) genotype-guided dosing of isoniazid improves the tolerability and efficacy of the 6-month four-drug standard regimen for newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis. "
04/01/1996 - "To compare the pharmacokinetic parameters and the clinical efficacy of isoniazid, administered in 10 mg/kg or 5 mg/kg to children suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis. "
07/13/1956 - "[Efficacy of isoniazid-PAS in pulmonary tuberculosis therapy]."
07/01/2011 - "This study was designed to characterize the population pharmacokinetics of isoniazid in South African pulmonary tuberculosis patients. "
01/01/2011 - "The aim of this study was to investigate the significance of multiple-mutations in the katG gene, predominant nucleotide changes and its correlation with high level of resistance to isoniazid in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates that were randomly collected from sputa of 42 patients with primary and secondary active pulmonary tuberculosis from different geographic regions of Iran. "
01/01/2005 - "According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, treatment of latent infection is highly effective with isoniazid administration for 9 months. "
06/01/1997 - "Other influences that may have diluted the efficacy of isoniazid include a high rate of transmission of new infection and rapid progression to disease or insufficient duration of isoniazid in subjects with relatively advanced immunosuppression. "
06/01/2006 - "Isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) effectively treats latent TB infection (LTBI) and prevents progression to active TB. "
02/01/2000 - "Preventive treatment with isoniazid for 6-12 months is effective in reducing those with latent infection."
12/01/1998 - "Isoniazid is effective in the treatment of infection and prevention of progression of infection to clinical disease. "
01/01/2013 - "Patient adherence to isoniazid (INH) monotherapy for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) has been suboptimal despite its proven efficacy. "
09/15/2007 - "A 9-month course of isoniazid monotherapy is currently recommended for the treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and has been shown to be effective in both children and adults. "
05/01/2010 - "Isoniazid (INH) has been the mainstay of treatment of latent tuberculosis infection for almost 50 years. "
03/05/2010 - "Since the 1960s, 6 to 9 months of isoniazid (INH) has been the mainstay of treatment for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), but its application has been limited by concerns about the toxicity of INH and the long duration of treatment. "
08/15/2003 - "In summary, we conclude that in our clinic population isoniazid is a safe therapy for latent tuberculosis, but its effectiveness is limited by modest completion rates."
08/01/1999 - "The results of these studies indicated that slow inactivator of isoniazid and its epileptogenic effects might contribute to the pathogenesis of myoclonic seizures in our patient."
10/01/2015 - "We report a 20-year-old female migrant who presented with recurrent seizures after ingesting 25 g of isoniazid. "
10/01/2015 - "Isoniazid is a rare overdose that causes seizures and there is limited evidence to guide treatment. "
01/01/2015 - "Isoniazid induced convulsions at therapeutic dose in an alcoholic and smoker patient."
01/01/2014 - "This report presents a case of convulsive seizures that occurred in association with the short-term administration of a therapeutic dose of isoniazid. "
|4.||Streptomycin (Streptomycin Sulfate)
|7.||Aminosalicylic Acid (Rezipas)
|1.||Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
|4.||Transplantation (Transplant Recipients) | <urn:uuid:d7b5c7a9-9f80-4595-acea-ffefb75d9c21> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.curehunter.com/public/keywordSummaryD007538-Isoniazid-Ftivazide.do | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279368.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00330-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.85852 | 1,380 | 1.71875 | 2 |
75% Raw Food Detox Diet
In her book Rose outlines five levels, which include raw foods to varying degrees.
Dieters undertake a series of questions in order to determine which level is the most suitable for them to commence the diet with.
The Raw Food Detox Diet Basics
As dieters adjust to one level they may then progress through the different levels of the diet at their own pace.
Level 5 is the most lenient of all the phases and includes 75% raw foods with at least one cooked meal daily such as a vegetarian pasta dish. Moderate amounts of animal products are allowed including eggs, chicken, and fish. Dairy products are limited to goat cheese only.
Level 1 is the most stringent where dieters will consume only raw fruit, vegetables and juices up until dinner, which is a raw vegan meal on most days. Salmon is allowed once a week on this plan.
As dieters progress through the levels Rose says that the body will detoxify and cleanse at a gentle pace so that the likelihood of experiencing uncomfortable symptoms is reduced.
Rose questions many misconceptions about the raw food diet emphasizing that it is not necessary to eat 100% raw or vegan food to benefit from the diet. In fact she says that in many cases it is actually healthy to include some cooked food in the diet to prevent an overly intense detoxification as well to support pleasure and emotional satisfaction.
She highlights that a 100% raw food diet is not for everyone and especially not for those who are just getting started with this style of eating.
Food combining is an important aspect of this program and dieters are guided in how to choose ‘quick exit combinations’ that Rose says will lead to improved digestion and elimination.
Raw fruits and vegetables form the foundation of the diet. Also included are raw nuts and seeds, dried fruits, Thai young coconut, avocado, olive oil, and goat cheese.
Rose gives information regarding commercially available raw substitutes for foods such as breads, crackers, health bars and cookies.
The less strict phases may include some cooked meals including vegetarian pasta, brown rice, steamed vegetables or soups.
On all levels of the plan dieters are allowed to consume a raw dessert or a small amount of Dagoba 75% chocolate.
Sample Diet Plan
|Sample Diet Plan for Level 5|
A piece of fresh fruit
Sprouted grain toast with fresh avocado slices
Large raw vegetable salad
1 bag baby carrots
Large raw vegetable salad (goat cheese optional)
1/3 bar Dagoba 75% chocolate
|Sample Diet Plan for Level 1|
|Throughout the day
Fresh fruit as desired
Thai coconut soup
Rose states that dieters will see results on her plan without the need to exercise. She says that most of her Manhattan clients do not engage in exercise except for walking in the city.
Costs and Expenses
The Raw Food Detox Diet retails at $15.95.
It may be necessary for dieters to purchase equipment food preparation including a juicer, blender, and food processor.
- Encourages a high intake of fruit and vegetables.
- Flexible approach that allows the dieter to proceed at their own pace.
- Allows for inclusion of animal products thus avoiding the deficiencies that are common on raw vegan diets.
- Provides recipes and alternatives for treats such as ice cream and other desserts.
- Allows chocolate, which may help adherence to the diet while providing a good source of antioxidants.
- Difficult to eat out and most meals must be prepared from scratch.
- Many rules to follow in regard to proper food combining.
- Early levels include large amounts of grains such as pasta and sprouted grain breads.
- May not be suitable for those who are carbohydrate sensitive.
- May be expensive to purchase larger amounts of fresh produce, nuts, etc.
- May require purchase of additional kitchen equipment.
- Recommends colonics, which may not be appropriate for many individuals.
- Does not encourage exercise.
Good Transition Tool
Rose offers a plan that is nutritionally balanced in contrast to many of the raw food and detox diets that are often promoted.
Although this is quite a stringent plan the transitional approach will be beneficial for dieters who would like to try a this style of eating but may have difficulty initially with a 100% raw food diet.
- Golay, A., Allaz, A. F., Ybarra, J., Bianchi, P., Saraiva, S., Mensi, N., … & de Tonnac, N. (2000). Similar weight loss with low-energy food combining or balanced diets. International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders: journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 24(4), 492-496. link
- Szeto, Y. T., Tomlinson, B., & Benzie, I. F. (2002). Total antioxidant and ascorbic acid content of fresh fruits and vegetables: implications for dietary planning and food preservation. British journal of nutrition, 87(01), 55-59. link | <urn:uuid:1431c580-c684-4781-a141-7aba8eebe637> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.everydiet.org/diet/raw-food-detox-diet | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283301.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00508-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.917775 | 1,047 | 1.773438 | 2 |
Brachiosaurus was a giant, long-necked, plant-eating dinosaur that lived during the Jurassic period, 156-145 million years ago.
Anatomy: This sauropod had a bulky body, a small head, blunt teeth, and a short, thick tail. Its front legs were longer than its hind legs; this is unusual for dinosaurs. Brachiosaurus was up to 40-50 feet tall (12-16 m) and about 85 feet (26 m) long. It weighed roughly 50-80 tons.
Fossils: Brachiosaurus was named in 1903 by paleontologist Elmer S. Riggs. The type species is B. altithorax. Fossils have been found in North America and Africa.
Click here to go to the PDF and then print it using your browser or an external program.
Click here to download the PDF. Depending on your browser, this may download the file or open it in a new window. If you'd like to download it, but it opens in a new window, right click the link and choose the option "Save As" or "Download As" on the pop-up menu.
You may need to adjust the scale in the print settings. When you choose print in your browser (or whatever program you use to print PDFs), most should have an option to "Scale to Fit" (or "Fit to Printable Area"), but if not, you can manually put in a percentage like "95%" until it displays correctly. | <urn:uuid:5d44d3fa-8b2d-4999-bdff-81eaf1518ac7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/dinosaurs/dinotemplates/Brachioskel.shtml | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571502.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811194507-20220811224507-00071.warc.gz | en | 0.929883 | 321 | 3.78125 | 4 |
Page count: 297
Last checked: December 21, 2016
Wiki is Adoptable
Urusei Yatsura (うる星やつら) is a comedic manga series written and illustrated by Rumiko Takahashi that premiered in Weekly Shōnen Sunday in 1978 and ran until its conclusion in 1987. Its 374 individual chapters were collected and published in 34 tankōbon volumes. The series tells the story of Ataru Moroboshi, and the alien Lum who believes she is Ataru's wife after he accidentally proposes to her. The series makes heavy use of Japanese mythology, culture and puns. The series was adapted into a TV anime series produced by Kitty Films and broadcast on Fuji Television affiliates from 1981 to 1986 over 195 episodes. Eleven original video animations and six theatrical movies followed, and the series has been released on VHS, Laserdisc and DVD in Japan.
The manga series was republished in several different formats in Japan. Viz Media licensed the series for English publication in North America under the names Lum and The Return of Lum, but the series was dropped after nine volumes were released. The television series, OVAs and five of the films have been released in North America with English subtitles by AnimEigo who provided extensive notes on the series to allow people to understand the many cultural references and jokes in the series that would normally be impenetrable for non-Japanese. The remaining film Beautiful Dreamer was released by Central Park Media. Five of the movies as well as the OVA's are available from MVM Films in the United Kingdom.
The series has received positive reception inside and outside of Japan from both fans and critics. In 1981, the series received the Shogakukan Manga Award. The television series is credited with introducing the format of using pop songs as opening and ending themes in anime. In 2008 the first new episode in 17 years was shown at the Rumiko Takahashi exhibition It's a Rumic World.
An alien race known as the Oni arrive on Earth with the intention of invading the planet. Instead of taking over the planet by force, the Oni give humans a chance to fight for the rights to the planet by competing in a competition. The competition is a variant of the game of tag, in which the human player must touch the horns on the head of the Oni player within one week. The computer selected human player is Ataru Moroboshi, a highly lecherous, very unlucky and stupid high school student from the Japanese city of Tomobiki, and the Oni player is Lum, daughter of the leader of the attempted Invasion.
Despite his initial reluctance to take part in the competition, Ataru becomes extremely interested in the game when he meets Lum. When the competition begins, Lum surprises everyone by flying away and Ataru finds himself unable to catch her. Before the last day of the competition, Ataru's girlfriend Shinobu Miyake encourages Ataru by pledging to marry him if he wins. On the final day of the competition, Ataru wins the game by stealing Lum's bikini top, which prevents her from protecting her horns in favour of protecting her modesty. In celebrating his victory, Ataru expresses his joy at being able to get married; however, Lum misinterprets this as a proposal from Ataru and accepts on live television. Despite the misunderstanding, Lum falls in love with Ataru and moves into his house.
Despite Ataru's lack of interest in Lum (due of immense shame that the tag game brought to him) and attempts to rekindle his relationship with Shinobu, Lum frequently interferes and eventually Shinobu loses interest in Ataru. Still, Ataru's high flirtatious nature persists despite Lum's constant attention. Lum attempts to stop him from flirting, which results in Ataru receiving powerful electric shock attacks from Lum as punishment. Two characteristics of Ataru are particularly strong: his bad luck, that drow to him all possible weirdos of the planet, the spirit world and even galaxy, and his prodigious ability to support extreme physical wounds without a scratch, beyond doing incredible physical performances like ninja tricks and catch a katana with the bare hands.
Later Lum begins attending the same school as Ataru despite his objections ( he strangled himself with the food he was eating when he heard the news), and Lum develops a fanbase of admirers among the boys of the school, including Shutaro Mendō, the heir to a large corporation ( but in truth not so different from Ataru ). Despite their romantic interest, none of Lum's admirers would risk upsetting Lum by trying to force her and Ataru apart, although this doesn't stop them from trying to get Ataru entrapped from his own behavior, and interferred with them ( namely beating Ataru very bad ) every time they get closer.
As the series continues Ataru develops his own sentiments for Lum but, for reasons never explained, he denies them even to himself, keeping his rash and very platonic behavior aganist her. Only when there is the serious risk to lose her, his guard lowers showing how much he values her, sometimes even putting his life in peril almost to a suicidal level. Only to return at his old idiotic ways after the danger passes. For example on one occasion he had the opportunity to construct his ideal future, were he is master of an harem. However while visiting this future he discovered that Lum dumped him because of the ill-treatment that his future-self deserves to her ( for keep the harem, set in a mere six tatami mat appartament, he sold all of her things, have made her found a part-time job, made her sleep on the roof and even stopped feeding her )the youngh Ataru didn't think twice to throw aside this future. In this same occasion he saw a future were they getting married, and after seeing how much happy she was in this future, he fought with all of his strength for protect it, unluckily failing ( because the future isn't set in stone, it can be changed by every move one do ).
Many histories are set in different chapters, but very few of them actually told events with later effects in the plot and the majority of the stories concludes without explaing how the things settled, as in the next story all is back to normal. The manga plot differes from the anime/movies plot in some details. First many characters, that in the manga appeared only a couple of times, in the anime became fixed. The best examples of this are the Lum Strormtroopers: Megane, Chibi, Perm and Kakugari. While in the manga they appeared only in the first two volumes, for being later replaced by Shuutaro Mendou, in the anime they are beetween the main characters ( particularly Megane ), filling they roles alongside Mendou. Anoter example is Ten, the arsonist cousin of Lum, that in the manga appered starting from the seventh volume, but in the anime he appeared since the third episode, so many tales are modified to include him. Many of the anime episodes are based on two or more tales sewn together, others are entirely new tales, and others are expanded single chapters. Also the tales composed by more chapters are compressed in single episodes. Finally the order in which stories are told is different from the one of the manga.
Also, Ataru and Lum are more closer in the anime sharing many more romantic moments and even properly kissing each other a couple of times ( somenthing that in the manga never happened). However their relationship in the anime is also more complicated because the order of episodes is different by the original manga order and so the evolution of the characthers isn't linear. So in some episodes Ataru is extremely ( but subtle ) attached at Lum, but in the next he tried to get rid of her forever. The same concept is appled to the other characters. For this reason the love square beetween Shinobu, Lum, Ataru and Mendou never came at an end while in the manga Shinobu stop paying attention to Mendou in favour of Inaba, a trans-dimensional man dressed as a bunny, that in the anime appeared only in the first OVA and in the fifth movie. | <urn:uuid:d09fd21e-693d-4549-a066-dfa31ab327d0> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://animanga.wikia.com/wiki/Urusei_Yatsura | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280718.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00410-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.975406 | 1,698 | 1.71875 | 2 |
- Click the power button on
- CPU load instruction from firmware chip on the motherboard and execute it
- Firmware code does initialize and tests system hardware.
- Firmware start bootloader and give the next step to the boot loader.
Two famous firmware:
- BIOS firmware
- UEFI firmware
- Frequently is stored in ROM
- Initializes and tests system hardware
- Bases on user predefined prioritized boot device, BIOS try to check each device in order to see if it is bootable by trying to load MBR.
- From valid MBR, BIOS loads boot loader and give next step to it.
- Special type of boot sector
- The very beginning of the partitioned hard disk
- Designed to replace BIOS firmware
- Initializes and tests system hardware.
- UEFI, or user let UEFI knows which boot loader is used. Not dependent on disk and MBR.
- Boot loader of UEFI is stored in the EFI system partition of the hard drive GPT partition type. | <urn:uuid:245fc8fa-52e4-4719-a545-636a11d57ffc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thuc.space/posts/firmware-boot-process/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00266.warc.gz | en | 0.821087 | 235 | 2.6875 | 3 |
If you own an iPhone, iPad or iPod Touch, you will know the extent to how much the kids love your device. The kids seem to grasp a rapid understanding about the touch screen interface and the app developers work in order to to help them. The AppStore has many great applications for the kids ranging from a wide range of developers take it the small developing companies or the big brands. Here is a list of 5 apps that are considered the best for the kids.
Charlie Brown Christmas: This seasonal entry will remain on your iPhone or iPad for the entire year. It is based on a cartoon series of 1965 and has converted this into a virtual picturebook. It has an excellent design with characters and the other objects sliding in to the place as the page is turned. They will also pop up when they are touched. The app involves some games and extras like the Christmas decorations that have to be unlocked.
The Fantastic Flying Books of Mr Morris Lessmore: This is a book app that will be interesting for both parents as well as kids. The award winning short film, Morris Lessmore came as an app and involves some animation, game and storybook in it. The story tells about a man who was wiped away by a storm and currently in a country house that is friendly and charming to look.
Toca Robot Lab: This simple app offers limitless entertainment to the kids. The bottom of the device screen will feature lots of robot parts. The kids have to select the parts one by one and them assemble them in order to create a robot and then they can fly to collect stars. The kids will never get tired with this app and it shows the importance of the repetition and experimentation in the learning process.
The Going to Bed Book - Sandra Boynton: The books of Sandra Boynton are always delighting for the kids since 30 years and the developer has made a better pavement in adapting this idea for the iPad and iPhone. There are around 4 titles in this app but this one will get more credits from the elders.
Ladybird Classic Me Books: This an app that will engage both the parts and the children by providing more entertainment. This app will provide the access to the classic Ladybird books' digital versions. It is a good try as the classic ones were actually evolved in 1940s. The books will be narrated by lot of celebrities and you also can record your version if you like. | <urn:uuid:1443a238-779a-408f-98bd-fd5f70ace9df> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.gizbot.com/apps/top-5-ios-apps-for-kids.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00483-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.967514 | 484 | 1.671875 | 2 |
I have a question regarding the definition of Borel Measurable Functions.
Borel Measurable Functions is defined as the smallest collection of real-valued functions on R that contains the collection of continuous functions and is closed under pointwise limits.
But we know that the collection of continuous functions is NOT closed under pointwise limits. So when defining a collection of functions that IS closed under pointwise limits, should we exclude the collection of continuous functions? Does this definition seem contradictory? or am I missing something? (I know it's probably the latter.)
Any input is appreciated, thanks in advance. | <urn:uuid:26ea2e47-7629-406f-a98e-fa1c0aa8001b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://mathhelpforum.com/differential-geometry/185203-definition-borel-measurable-functions.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281331.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00219-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.94922 | 124 | 1.929688 | 2 |
One Busy Tortoise Saves Entire Species From Extinction
The giant panda was recently scrubbed off the endangered list thanks to some pretty aggressive conservation tactics – but one animal has single-handedly one-upped this effort.
Fifty years ago, Diego the giant tortoise was relocated from San Diego Zoo to the Galapagos Islands in the hope he would breed.
At the time there were only two males and 12 females on the island and were so spread out, they couldn’t be bred successfully, The Independent reported.
Not only did Diego breed – the 100-year-old has singlehandedly repopulated his entire species, essentially pulling it back from extinction.
Washington Tapia, a tortoise preservation specialist at Galapagos Naitonal Park, told metro.co.uk: “He’s a very sexually active male reproducer. He’s contributed enormously to repopulating the island.”
A genetic study found that Diego was the father of nearly 800 offspring, or 40 per cent of the offspring released into the wild.
Your move, Pandas. | <urn:uuid:9db7c4bf-9624-4184-9f83-f49b8d106a6e> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.4kq.com.au/newsroom/one-busy-tortoise-saves-entire-species-from-extinction/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721355.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00014-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956501 | 231 | 2.9375 | 3 |
The IHS offers a wide range of services in the field of flow measurement. Here we inform you among other things about the equipment of our laboratory.
Please direct requests to Dr.-Ing. O. Kirschner.
In the laboratory of the institute different permanently installed test rigs are available for various experimental investigations. In all test rigs, the flow characteristics of valves, pumps and turbines are measured. Thanks to a large number of measuring instruments with a wide variety of measuring principles and the selection of test rigs, very different measuring application are possible in the laboratory.
An excerpt of activities carried out:
- Creation of hill charts
- Velocity measurement with LDA and PIV
- Expreimental investigation of cavitation
- Expreimental investigation of the transient operating of
- Acoustic emission measurements
Closed loop test rig
A closed loop test rig allows examinations at different pressure levels. The tail-water-vessel is equipped with an air-chamber; this air- chamber can be used to adjust the pressure level in the test rig. In addition, a vacuum pump is connected to the tail-water-vessel in order to lower the pressure level for cavitation tests below the ambient pressure.
|Max. discharge||Max. pressure|
|Pumps in serial operation||Qmax = 0,25 m³/s||pmax = 10 bar|
|Pumps in parallel operation||Qmax = 0,5 m³/s||pmax = 5 bar|
Table 1: Operating data of the closed loop test rig.
Open loop test rig
Depending on the application, a small open low pressure test rig, a large open low pressure test rig with three pumps and an open high pressure test rig are available. The open high-pressure test rig leads through an anechoic room. Here acoustic measurements can be made on valves, smaller pump units or other models. In the large open low pressure test rig, the water can be pumped through the test section with a bulb-turbine or into a flume.
|Small low pressure open loop test rig||Q = 0,025 m³/s||p = 7 bar|
|Big low pressure open loop test rig||Q1 = 0,83 m³/s
Q2 = 0,28 m³/s
Q3 = 0,17 m³/s
|p1 = 0,7 bar
p2 = 4 bar
p3 = 8 bar
|High pressure open loop test rig||Q= 0,02 m³/s||p = 55 bar|
Table 2: Operating data of the pumps of open loop test rigs
A workshop is available at the institute for the construction and production of test stands and test rigs. It is equipped with conventional cutting machines, welders and various power tools. The workshop employees have many years of experience in handling turbomachinery and measuring technology.
In addition to the water test rigs, a small wind tunnel is also available for experiments. In addition to the fixed test rigs described above, several smaller pumps and pipes are still available in the laboratory to allow flexible short-term test rigs with lower flow rates.
With the large number of measuring devices with different measuring principles, flexible measuring campaigns can also be implemented in difficult locations. Examples of measurements already taken:
- Efficiency measurements on hydroelectric power plants
- Checking the control quality of hydropower plants
- Efficiency measurements on pumps
- Sound measurement and acoustic spectral analysis | <urn:uuid:6f42aaa2-2c85-492d-9cdb-037b1cea0ef7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ihs.uni-stuttgart.de/en/services/experimentalanalysis/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00270.warc.gz | en | 0.863078 | 745 | 2.28125 | 2 |
President Obama has recently been touting the Buffett Rule, a proposed new tax on the uber-wealthy, named for famed billionaire Warren Buffet. Buffett has been vocal in his support for higher taxes on high-income earners, claiming that he pays fewer taxes than his secretary.
No word on whether or not Buffett has voluntarily donated to the government.
This is such a dumb idea. First of all, why should we punish people for their financial success? Secondly, the wealthy already pay the lion’s share of the taxes in our country. All of those percentages being tossed around, like Warren Buffett paying a lower percentage than his two hundred thousand dollar a year secretary are skewed numbers, because no one seems to understands what “income” is.
Super rich people make money from capital gains and dividends, which they then turn around and reinvest into the economy. Raising taxes on capital gains means that rich people employers won’t be able to create jobs.
President Obama turned to social media on Tuesday to promote the ridiculous lie that implementing the Buffett Rule will solve our economic woes. As conservatives on Twitter love to do, we took over the hashtag, and hilariousness ensued.
Here are some of the best tweets:
the salad bar is only useful for putting bacon and cheese on your baked potato #BuffettRule @mamaswati
Don’t let it be said that conservatives don’t have a sense of humor.
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With the printing of online documents becoming more common, bookbinding provides an artful way to create a personalised book or to protect a printed e-book or report. Bookbinding ensures documents stand the test of time to pass down to future generations.
Other People Are Reading
Saddle stitch binding that includes a self cover, or a cover made of the same paper as the inside pages, is one of the most inexpensive and easy bookbinding techniques. To create a saddle stitch binding, you nest folded pieces of paper inside each other and staple or sew down the middle of the crease. While this technique is not recommended for larger books, it works well for pamphlets and brochures. It's simple to do and ideal for businesses or organisations trying to economise.
Spiral binding is ideal for books that need to lay flat. Spiral binding usually uses either a plastic or wire comb binding or a wire spiral. The comb has round plastic or wire spines with either 19 or 21 rings, and a hole punch that creates rectangular holes in the pages. To bind the pages of the book, simply punch holes in the paper and cover with the specialised hole punch, then thread the spiral binding through the holes. For a regular wire spiral, you can punch normal holes in the cover and pages and thread the wire spiral through the holes.
The perfect binding technique is one of the most popular techniques in bookbinding for paperback books. Other names for this technique include unsewn binding and adhesive binding. This technique requires application of adhesive to the cover of the book, then setting the block of pages into the adhesive. The edges on the three open sides of the book are trimmed evenly so the cover is even on all sides.
Case binding is one of the most popular easy bookbinding techniques for hardcover books; a good option for heavily used volumes such as textbooks. The case binding method can be used with an adhesive or by sewing. To create a casebound book, all of the inside pages are put together in small sections then either sewn with bookbinding thread or linen tape and a bookbinding needle. A bookbinding adhesive can be used in place of sewing if desired. Once the inside pages are bound, a case is made with book cloth, paper and a Davey board (extra heavy-duty paper) or something similar, this cover protects the book. The bound pages are glued at the spine to the cover to finish the book.
- 20 of the funniest online reviews ever
- 14 Biggest lies people tell in online dating sites
- Hilarious things Google thinks you're trying to search for | <urn:uuid:ff183326-f8e3-4db6-9680-a12eb55ac095> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.ehow.co.uk/info_8492266_easy-bookbinding-techniques.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280242.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00073-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.916458 | 530 | 2.796875 | 3 |
Saturday, January 6, 2007
Ralf Michaels, Duke, and Nils Jansen, University of Dusseldorf, have a new paper: Private Law and the State: Comparative Perceptions and Historical Observations. Here's the abstract: The relation of private law to the state is one of the most complex aspects of the challenges posed for the law by Europeanization and globalization. It is not only distinct from that between public law and the state; it is also not the same in different legal systems. This article provides a historical and comparative overview of this relation in Germany and in the United States. It analyses the historical conditions and reasons for which the state became the ultimate source of authority for private law in Europe but remained largely without importance for doctrinal discussions and jurisprudential decisions within private law. It also identifies some factors that can explain largely different developments in the United States, where, despite the conceptual absence of the state within private law, private law was never seen to the same degree as autonomous from social policy. On the basis of these comparative and historical observations, the article concludes with more general, theoretical remarks on some of the problems that may be seen as core aspects of the relation of private law and the state.
Mary L. Dudziak at 7:24 AM | <urn:uuid:48783a40-58c5-4e22-a7aa-1484cc680bcf> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://legalhistoryblog.blogspot.com/2007/01/michaels-and-jansen-on-private-law-and.html?m=1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719079.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00033-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956044 | 263 | 1.90625 | 2 |
Anatomy of the Shoulder
The shoulder is the most flexible joint in the human body, allowing us to raise, bend, rotate, and twist the arm. Healthy shoulders have a socket within the shoulder blade that is covered with smooth cartilage that permits a full range of motion to occur without pain.
Our orthopedic specialists in sports medicine treat patients who have severe shoulder pain from rotator cuff tears, frozen shoulder, and all forms of arthritis and degenerative disease. When chronic shoulder pain limits your ability to move your arm, Monmouth surgeons can recommend appropriate shoulder replacement surgeries that can restore movement and eliminate shoulder pain. Our patients typically experience great relief from pain and are able to return to sports including golf, swimming, tennis, bowling and daily activities after rehabilitation from shoulder replacement surgery.
Causes of shoulder pain often include:
- Osteoarthritis of the shoulder
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Severe fracture of the arm near the shoulder
- Trauma to the shoulder
- Severely damaged or torn tissues in the shoulder
- Tumor in or near the shoulder
Monmouth Medical Center’s sports medicine orthopedic surgeons perform a high volume of shoulder replacements each year, making them among the most experienced shoulder replacement specialists in New Jersey.
Athletes and patients who have chronic shoulder pain or who have experienced shoulder injuries trust Monmouth’s experienced team for advanced surgical options:
Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
Restoring Function and Eliminating Shoulder Pain
Total shoulder replacement or shoulder arthroplasty involves replacing the damaged joint surface with a plastic socket, and a metal ball and stem to replace the upper arm bone.
The total shoulder replacement procedure most often is performed on patients who suffer from severe shoulder pain due to osteoarthritis and significant deterioration of the shoulder joint. For other patients who have acute injuries or other forms of shoulder disease, Monmouth’s orthopaedic surgeons may decide to replace only part of the shoulder that is damaged.
Partial Shoulder Replacement
Monmouth orthopedic specialists in sports medicine perform a high number of partial shoulder replacements or hemiarthroplasties of the shoulder to restore function to patients, and to relieve shoulder pain.
A partial shoulder replacement involves replacing the broken or severely damaged humeral head with an artificial joint and reconstructing the fractured bone around the artificial joint to ensure stability. Patients with acute fractures or those who have chronic shoulder disease are candidates for this procedure.
Rehabilitation and Recovery After Shoulder Replacement Surgery
Immediately after shoulder replacement, the pain of arthritis will be gone. Patients’ discomfort is limited to the normal and expected pain due to the surgical procedure, which is effectively treated through pain medications.
At Monmouth Medical Center, therapy and rehabilitation begins immediately on our state-of-the-art post-surgical unit and, in time, movement and recovery with rehabilitation and medication is greatly improved. Patients notice increased mobility in their shoulder when rehabilitation starts, and often report that the grinding or grating caused by shoulder osteoarthritis has been eliminated.
Each patient’s recovery and rehabilitation after shoulder replacement depends on the condition and strength of the tendons and muscles of the shoulder. After discharge, patients will receive outpatient rehabilitation and often return to light duty work activities within two to three weeks. By six months, most patients have returned to normal activities including sports.
For a consultation with a Monmouth orthopedic surgeon, or for more information on shoulder replacement, please call (732) 923-7666. | <urn:uuid:cd207076-011b-4fae-aec5-cb0e3a380019> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.barnabashealth.org/Monmouth-Medical-Center/Our-Services/Joint-Replacement-and-Spine-Center/Joint-Replacement/Shoulder-Replacement.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279650.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00434-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.913678 | 733 | 2.0625 | 2 |
Previously I urged Umno to engage Islam-based NGO if they are truly interested in uplifting the lot of the ummah instead of being immersed in meaningless protracted political drama with PAS.
I would like to suggest a better way in which Umno could spend their time and resources for the betterment of the Ummah, if I may.
Instead of having all that annoying rah-rah moments with big "I love PM" rallies, or huge 2-day job fairs that address just a small segment of the intended target, the money is better put to use in creating a lot of goodwill through low-key social programmes with participation from NGOs which are not the usual Umno-related ones.
Start with independent, non-political Islamic social development organisations that run old folks homes, orphanages, nursing homes for mental patients or half way homes for social misfits.
See how these places are managed and find ways to help these organisations administer and run these places while helping out by organising all those Puteri and Umno Youth boys to actually perform voluntary work there on a semi-permanent basis.
Make this as part of their mandatory community contribution, it may help them to get grounded and avoid the pitfalls of the "tin kosong" syndrome when they open their mouths.
They can also create groups of "helpers" that go to the local schools, colleges and universities to counsel students on how to make the best of their talents when choosing specific career paths, help them to recognise opportunities for better career options, assist them to get through any difficulties in their academic endeavours, suggest other options that fit with their capabilities.
It's a positive way of guiding these youngsters to achieve academic success, hence giving them a leg up in fighting for a place in college, universities and the job place, while keeping in touch with these kids without polluting their thinking with all that political rhetoric that is capable of destroying lives.
Maintain this network of youngsters who will then be encouraged to contribute back to society through the same organisation, while they provide each other with business and professional networking that will help Bumiputra businesses to grow bigger and more Bumiputra professionals to become high achievers.
Maybe you won't get lots of photo ops that will fill up the pages of newspapers, but these are things that mean a lot to many people, except the few who think that the world owe them everything, and will allow Umno to constantly be in touch to what is important in the hearts of the people.
You have all those missions to foreign lands, well and good, but don't forget that you should also create goodwill among the ordinary people, who may not need as much help as those poor downtrodden people; to just have their troubles acknowledged and addressed would do wonders of how they perceive you.
There are many little things such as these that Umno members can do to make a difference, I am sure, and people may also have lots more ideas on how to get these done in a more meaningful way, but they should start somewhere instead of constantly lamenting about the perfidy of youth. | <urn:uuid:e634a4da-0b3e-421a-a6b4-7c9af6a4aa78> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://bigcatrambleon.blogspot.com/2014/08/making-difference.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281746.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00288-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.969304 | 637 | 1.539063 | 2 |
Motor Trend Breaks Car of the Year Tradition
Since America’s love affair with cars really got rolling after World War II, nothing but a gasoline-burning internal combustion engine would do. Until now.
The gearheads at Motor Trend have named the Tesla Model S the car of the year for 2013—the first time an all-electric vehicle has ever won the honor. “The turning point will be when electric cars become the best product, and that’s the key for mass adoption,” argued Tesla founder Elon Musk at an event to announce the award November 12. The Model S “is just the best car.”
That’s quite an achievement given that Tesla had to learn how to make a car from scratch, starting as a company in 2003 and then, in 2008, offering its first all-electric sports car known as the Roadster. The Model S is the current bid for more affordability, with a price of at least $49,900 (after a federal tax credit, which Musk, for one, would like to see extended). “It’s difficult to create a car company of any kind,” Musk mused. “An electric car adds additional difficulty and the economy didn’t make it any easier.” In fact, in 2008, Tesla nearly ran out of money until Musk stepped in with his personal fortune.
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We don't want to get sick. Nobody wants to lie in bed and not do anything. When we're down with a disease, we feel useless. And when it comes to maladies, some of the most common are colds (which is probably why it's called the 'common cold'), and the flu. When we're down with it, aside from obviously not feeling well, we also feel unattractive. We then avoid going out or even accepting visitors because we don't people to see us in that state.
Well, stop losing sleep (which can worsen your health) over not looking pleasing when you're sick. There are tips you can make use of on how to look your best even when you're down with an illness. Here are some of them:
Have tissues on hand - And plenty of them. When you have the sniffles, you're bound to do a lot of blowing and, well, sniffling. You don't want to be caught in a situation where you have something dripping out of your nose and you have nothing to wipe it off. That would be part of your list of most embarrassing moments. Whether you're staying home or going out while down with a cold, you have to have with you enough tissues.
Stay hydrated - You've probably heard of this piece of advice numerous times, and its importance can never be overstated. Our body is made up of 50 - 75% water, and when we're sick, we usually get dehydrated. Losing water can take a toll on our body, one of the manifestations of which is on our skin. Be sure to stay hydrated both inside and outside by applying a facial moisturizer and, of course, by drinking plenty of water.
Battle the eye bags - One of the obvious signs when we're unwell is those dark circles around the eyes or the bags under them. To provide a soothing solution to those puffy eyes, try the tea treatment. Take two wet teabags (preferably cold) and place them over your eyes for about 15 minutes while lying down. Doing this can actually do wonders in banishing those unsightly eye bags. You can also sleep with your head propped up slightly so the fluids can easily drain from your face.
Prep your face before putting on makeup - Before you put on makeup so you can look better, make you apply a face primer first. When you have a flu, you'll be blowing your nose and sneezing and rub your eyes a whole lot. By putting a face primer, you extend the staying power of your appearance.
Hide the flaws and discolorations - Unless it's fine by you to show to everyone your sick look, use concealers or anything that can cover the signs of your ill health. Don't overdo the concealment job as it may make you look worse instead. Just apply the right amount of concealer to hide those unsightly spots.
These are some of the tips you can follow so you can still look comely despite feeling under the weather. Once you get well, you can then decide to look even better by getting beauty treatments.
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Pamela Cobb is a skincare expert with over 8 years of experience in the health and beauty industry. Through blogging, she aims to share her expertise, knowledge and experience in skincare to beauty-conscious men and women of today. For vein removal treatments, she recommends you get info for vein removal at Heberdavis.
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This early maturing tomato cultivar was bred with the sole purposing of growing in pots, window boxes, and containers. A big part of your tomato plant’s success lies in maintaining moist soil.
You may need to transplant the seedlings to 3 or 4 inch pots when seedlings have at least 3 pairs of leaves before transplanting to the garden so they have.
Celebrity tomato plants in pots. They grow well in many types of. Space bush celebrity tomatoes 24 inches apart, and standard celebrity tomatoes 36 inches apart. Vfnt celebrity grows well in almost every region and tolerates a broad range of conditions.
When you try to cut off the patch to eat the tomato, the fruit inside looks mealy. Space rows 4 to 5 feet apart. But they can reach up to 10 feet or higher depending on the soil depth and climate.
Mountain fresh plus tomato plant. When deciding where to locate tomato containers, find a location with that amount of sun. 5 tips for growing tomatoes in pots.
(browse celebrity tomato seeds and plants.) what you need to know about growing celebrity. Size depends on climate and soil. This can be in the form of some extra organic compost, or even a liquid based fertilizer.
Either way, the major consideration here is to give your tomato plants sufficient growing space. Clip several “suckers” from your best tomato plants. Fertilizer for your celebrity tomatoes in order to grow large celebrity tomatoes, add a modest amount of nutrients to your plants diet.
A small container would be enough to grow 2 or 3 plants of this variety. Cut away all of the little stems and if you haven’t already, make sure you have a nice clean cut on the bottom, preferably at a slant. Remove tomato plants from their containers and gently loosen the root ball.
Ideally, the tomato plants you start with should have been repotted at least once, and hardened off properly so they’re ready to live outside in the sun. However, even the smallest varieties do better in larger pots because tomatoes have extensive root systems, and they need room to grow properly. (if you started your own plants from seed, follow my previous guides on how to repot your seedlings into larger containers, and how and why to transplant them a second time.)
This is a dwarf variety, thus, it is ideal for container gardening. Although classified as a determinate, celebrity often continues to produce tomatoes until frost. Gardeners love that the plants are quite resistant to disease, too.
To get an idea of minimum size, one tomato plant can be successfully grown in a large reusable grocery bag, which is the minimum. Celebrity tomato plants grow in bushes between 3 to 4 feet tall. It is also one of the biggest challenges you will face.
When planting outside, surround the celebrity tomato plants with a layer of mulch to cut back on insects and unwanted weeds. Supporting your tomato plants will give your garden maximum growth and yields. This allows for plenty of air circulation around the plants and reduces the risk of disease.
They do best in usda zones 3 through 9. (but not with these tips!) during hot summers or hot, windy days, you should water your plants twice a day. Maybe people think that this small size is correct to use with small tomato varieties.
The tomato plants appear healthy, but as the tomatoes ripen, an ugly black patch appears on the bottoms.the black spots on tomatoes look leathery. Here’s one of my clippings. Your tomatoes in pots will need water all summer long.
Planting several plants in one pot might seem like a good idea, but it usually is counterproductive. Start with a strong and healthy transplant. Tomato plants require full sun which means at least 6 to 8 hours per day between the hours of 10 a.m.
Tomato, celebrity hybrid short description. Early girl ii tomato plant. unless the pot is tremendous in size (like the size of a raised bed) plant only one tomato plant per pot.
Continue to gently cut away excess leaves, which will place more stress on the cutting. Other than the celebrity tomato, he also developed the husky gold tomato and big beef tomato. Water your tomato plants in pots consistently.
Both of which went on to win aas awards. This variety is a heavy producer but if you grow many plants, you will have a rewarding yield. Although it is bushy, plants can get to be 10 feet tall or more.
This variety is also resistant to disease and insects. It’s easy to grow tomato plants in pots. Controlling weeds with mulch has the added benefit of retaining moisture.
Highly adaptable from canada to the south. You can use a measuring device like a sun calculator or go outdoors to. | <urn:uuid:ec79405c-4fcd-4b19-b138-822bd755f556> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dailybuzzer.net/celebrity-tomato-plants-in-pots/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00076.warc.gz | en | 0.937292 | 990 | 2.203125 | 2 |
Chances of getting HIV from contact with another person's blood
Apr 26, 2012
I am a 19-year old college student and went to a fraternity party yesterday night. I had to go to the bathroom, which I realized was covered in blood (not fully covered, but there was some on the seat, some behind it, in the sink, etc). The floor was covered in something that looked like pink liquid, which was most likely a mixture of urin and blood and I was wearing ballerinas. So, anyway, I still stepped into the toilet, wiped the seat as much as I could and so on. Later I got really scared. Although I have no visible cuts nor anything of sorts, I feel I was in contact with another person's blood and I know this question might seem silly, but I have no idea what to do. I don't know how long it takes to get tested, and I don't know if I should ask about PEPs, or anything alike.
Please tell me if I am sounding silly and this is nothing to worry about. Conversely, please tell me what should I do if this requires action.
Thank you in advance.
Response from Ms. Southall
Hi There is no such thing as a silly question. HIV dies once it is outside of the body also being a frat party who knows what that pink liquid could be. Not having a cut on your feet as well helps the situation of you not contracting anything!
You have nothing to worry about. For HIV transmission to occur there has to be a direct exchange of body fluid. From what you described this did not happen and thus you are fine.
Be well and stay safe, Shannon
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Pneumatic Air Pump Walking Boot
A pneumatic boot is one that uses air to support and apply compression to one’s ankle and/or foot. The air cells of this pneumatic walker boot are easy to adjust. A user can customize the amount of compression and support he or she receives with a simple-to-operate knob.
The upright struts that make up the frame of the tall walker boot are polymer molded to fit the leg. This material is unique in that it is both durable and viscoelastic. For a user, this means the cam walking boot is beneficial for ensuring the brace fits the leg comfortably and the durable quality of the high ankle brace means it will resist damaging forces, as well.The fit of the brace itself can also be easily adjusted via its five Velcro strap tabs across the calf, ankle and foot.
The bottom of the frame is a rocker-style and the heel is low-profile. This is beneficial in that it promotes a more natural way of walking. This, too, is helpful from a recovery standpoint.
Inside the walking boot for fractured ankle care is a soft liner that protects the skin against any chaffing of the frame of the brace against the skin. The footbed of the high-top walking boot is wide and can easily be adjusted via Velcro closures. The toe is also open for increased breathability and a cooler fit.
The heel is cushioned, which makes the tall cam boot more comfortable to wear once one is able to move about. There is also a strap at the ankle for additional padding. Check out other cam walker boots.
Air Walker Boot for Fractured Ankle & Sprain Treatment
As noted previously, this walking boot for the ankle can be used for treatment of either an ankle sprain or a stable fracture where no bones or bone fragments have shifted out of place. A walking boot with a high top is also sufficient in many cases for treating stress fractures. It may also be an option following surgery to treat an unstable fracture. Learn about other common foot problems.
For stable fractures and sprains, following the steps of RICE (rest, ice, compression and elevation) with the aid of a medical walking boot is often sufficient in terms of treatment. The tall walker boot for ankle fractures and sprains can immobilize the ankle and protect it against further damaging motions. The boot can also reduce the amount of pressure placed on the ankle. A period of crutch use is sometimes necessary for additional immobilization and limited or no-weight bearing, as well. All of this falls under the “rest” category of the acronym RICE.
The other steps of this treatment guide are largely focused on reducing swelling and discomfort. These include icing the injured region and applying compression. The liner of the ankle brace is helpful to this end as well. Elevating the leg can also help reduce swelling and pain.
While following these steps can get one on the road to healing, restoring full function to the leg and ankle will likely require some physical therapy exercises and stretches. Check out BraceAbility’s Sprained Ankle Rehabilitation Program for some tools and instructions to help with that later stage of the recovery process.
Tall Pneumatic Walker Boot Features
This pneumatic boot walker is available in sizes to fit just about anyone. Other highlights of this walking boot for sprains and fractures include the following.
- Adjustable air cells let you inflate and deflate the boot at any time to customize your level of stability and compression. Simply press the red button to inflate the pneumatic air cells. To deflate, open the cap of the smaller button beneath the red air pump and press to deflate. Polymer-molded upright struts that conform to the leg
- Treats pain & discomfort from ankle fractures & sprains
- Cushioned heel to absorb impact
- Strap for additional ankle padding
- Rocker bottom makes it easy and comfortable to walk
- Low-profile heel encourages a natural and comfortable walking gait
- Wide footbed allows room for bandages around your foot
- Simple Velcro closures for a secure, easy-to-adjust fit
- Polymer plastic frame is lightweight yet extremely durable
- Extra padded inserts are included to fill up extra room inside the boot incase it feels too large
|Men's US Shoe Size||5 - 8.5||9 - 11||11.5 - 13||13.5+|
|Women's US Shoe Size||4 - 7||7.5 - 10||10.5 - 12||12.5+|
|Measured by U.S. Shoe Sizes. Padded inserts are included which allow you to fill in extra room inside the boot.| | <urn:uuid:86b293e2-f1c6-4ea0-8578-2ff4a22e469f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.braceability.com/braceability-pneumatic-walking-boot | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281450.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00180-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.914801 | 990 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Difference between revisions of "Flinders Ranges"
Revision as of 10:27, 29 January 2012
This is a rich environment for you to experience. The Flinders Ranges provide an emotionally uplifting and tranquil travel destination. It's home to Wilpena Pound, a giant natural ampitheatre. It's the ideal destination for Outback drives, camping, trekking and just drinking in the fresh air and starry skies. There's plenty of accommodation, including campsites and luxury eco villas.
The Flinders Ranges region covers most of the north-east of South Australia, and includes some sparse and isolated parts of the state. For most tourists, the areas most often visited are Wilpena Pound and the towns in the mid- and far north of the state, though more adventurous travellers may choose to venture beyond onto the Birdsville and Strzlecki Tracks towards Queensland and the Northern Territory.
The main town at the bottom of the Flinders Ranges is Port Augusta, which is a 3.5 hour drive from Adelaide along Port Wakefield Road (Route A1) via Snowtown and Port Pirie (both of which are bypassed). Wilpena Pound is a 4.5-5 hour drive from Adelaide, either via Port Wakefield Road, Quorn and Hawker or via the more scenic route through the Clare Valley. To venture into the Northern Flinders ranges will be a further drive, often along dirt roads. Sealed roads only run as far north as Lyndhurst (on the road to Marree) and Blinman (on the Wilpena Pound Road).
There are plenty of services currently operating to Port Augusta. Greyhound (on the Adelaide-Alice Springs route) and Premier Stateliner (on its Adelaide-Eyre Peninsula routes) currently operate frequent coach services through Port Augusta.
There are currently no scheduled public transport services into the central and northern Flinders Ranges, including to Wilpena Pound. The Yorke Peninsula Coaches "Mid-North Passenger" and "Upper North Intertown" services operate in the Mid and Upper North towns, including one service weekly (currently on Fridays) as far as Quorn, but this is still a significant distance from Wilpena Pound. Travellers wishing to travel here may have to hire a car in Adelaide or Port Augusta, or find a scheduled arranged tour.
Great Southern Railways currently operate the Indian Pacific and Ghan trains once or twice weekly to and from Adelaide, passing through Port Augusta. There are no scheduled train services further than Port Augusta, apart from the tourist Pichi Richi Railway which runs infrequent services as far as Quorn, but is more of a tourist attraction than a means of transport.
Sharp Airlines currently run 2 services on weekdays between Adelaide and Port Augusta (there is one service on Sundays and none on Saturdays). Port Augusta Airport is located 10 minutes' drive from the City Centre. No scheduled passenger airline flies into other areas of the Flinders Ranges.
Because of the lack of public transport, unless you are on a scheduled tour, it will more than likely be necessary to hire a car. Hitchhiking is not recommended due to the isolated areas and the extreme temperatures, especially in summer.
There is a range of accomodation available in Flinders Ranges including camping, farm stays
The cheapest place for camping is at the National Park Camp Grounds. Some are accessible only via 4WD or walking trails. Camping sites
If you want the luxury of full facilities Wilpena Pound Camping Ground. Both powered and bush camping sites are available and there are showers, laundry, petrol and a general store.
Rawnsley Park Caravan Park Set in a bushland setting this caravan park has powered sites and bush camping. Facilities include a licensed shop, camp kitchen, modern amenities block and swimming pool.
Rawnsley Park Caravan Park Set in a bushland setting this caravan park has cabins and a bunkhouse which sleeps 50. Facilities include a licensed shop, camp kitchen, modern amenities block and swimming pool.
Wilpena Pound Resort has 60 rooms all with air conditioning and children stay free. The resort is in a natural setting and wildlife roam around the grounds. Facilities include a pool, restaurant and bar.
Arkaba Station is a member of Luxury Lodges of Australia and the homestead dates back to 1851. There are 4 bedrooms in the homestead and a 5th in a Coachman's Cottage. They offer all inclusive rates which include full access to the entire property. The Homestead provides great food, premium wines and supremely comfortable bedrooms.
Arkapena Homestead secluded, luxurious and self-contained the homestead is ideal for two couples or a small family. The homestead is nestled on a 9,000-hectare station owned by Rawnsley Park. Facilities include a private swimming pool and outdoor shower. Access to Rawnsley Park Station's facilities and tours is available to guests.
Rawnsley Park Eco Villas Two bedroom villas whicha re said to be the ultimate in eco-friendly accommodation. Guests can enjoy uninterrupted views of Wilpena Pound and the surrounding ranges from their private verandah or watch the stars from their bed via the over-bed skylight | <urn:uuid:082a9974-d191-41c2-867d-b864ab424f6d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://wikitravel.org/wiki/en/index.php?title=Flinders_Ranges&diff=1821051&oldid=1814783 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00054-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950941 | 1,097 | 1.601563 | 2 |
Politicians vs. aliens: A first look at 'Saucer Country'
Politics and outer space are beginning to be buzzworthy bedfellows.
Republican nominees for president are debating lunar colonies on the moon, but more importantly for comic-book fans, writer Paul Cornell is combining West Wing-type drama with alien abduction in his new Vertigo Comics series Saucer Country, which debuts in comic shops and digitally March 14.
"I've been into UFO mythology since books about flying saucers were a scary childhood addiction," Cornell says. "Saucer Country is a chance to finally tell a story I've been researching all my life."
With art by Ryan Kelly (Lucifer, Local), the series stars Arcadia Alvarado, the governor of New Mexico who's "abducted by aliens" — although neither she nor readers know quite what happens — just before she's to announce her candidacy for president.
While it's not for kids who adore E.T. The Extra-Terrestrial and want to see what else is out there in the great cosmos, Cornell says it has the adult themes and subjects of your normal cable TV series. "We've got an accessible art style, with Ryan Kelly's realistic people and places. We like to think it's an intelligent, exciting, political thriller with an interesting 'cast.' "
The writer reports he has story arcs planned about steampunk "airships" that floated over America at the turn of the century, fairy lore and "Men in Black" as an Air Force hazing ritual.
Overall the story will be more about the mythology of aliens than encountering those with plans, weapons and malevolent machinations.
"It's all about people and the myths they make, and how complex and wonderful American UFO legend has become," says Cornell, a British writer of Doctor Who novels and the series Demon Knight for DC Comics.
He remembers as a kid reading UFO books under his bed sheets, "wondering how much of it was true, and trying to guess if there'd be a scary drawing of an alien on the next page." In science-fiction terms, he says there wasn't much out there along those lines before The X-Files, although Cornell counts "the glorious fiction" of all the "true stories" of alien abduction as sci-fi, too.
He will be discussing the occasional of those in Saucer Country as stand-alone tales between story arcs, especially the classic cases that have shaped the UFO myth over the years.
(For the record, Cornell tends to be more Scully than Mulder about how "true" reports of alien abduction are. "I respect and care about those who've experienced the phenomenon, and I don't think many of them are lying, but in many ways 'Is this true?' isn't the most interesting question about UFOs.")
As much as he digs aliens and UFOs, Cornell is also an admittedly huge politico. In the series, Arcadia confides her experience to "a quirky and skillful inner group of staff" but not to the public, and while they're a bit incredulous, she manages to keep them on her side.
"I don't like stories about stupid politicians, I like stories about politicians who show skill and daring, and by the end of the first arc, Arcadia's used her political instincts to get her and her team out of an immediate danger, and on the way to being able to use the powers of a candidate to start investigating what happened to her," Cornell says.
Thankfully, no real political figures were harmed in the making of Saucer Country. But Cornell does take note of the timing of the series right in the middle of an election year.
"Arcadia will be campaigning in the same political America we all know, dealing with the same issues," he says. "She is, actually, the politician with the most interest in the truth." | <urn:uuid:0ec5f6d7-e8a3-4958-a763-e70a04c525e4> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/life/comics/story/2012-02-08/Saucer-Country-comic-book-series/53010016/1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279915.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00281-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.970814 | 801 | 1.609375 | 2 |
For many Germans, Nazism seems to bring nothing but promise after a humbling defeat in World War I and economic depression. But Nazism's racial ideology produces unspeakable terror and atrocities that destroy the lives of millions.
Unit Themes and Topics:
anti-Semitism and ethnic hatred
Hitler's rise to power
human rights and endurance
World War II
Connections Across History connection: when: where: program: antiwar efforts 1919-1935 France, Germany Great Britain, United States "Lost Peace" Nazi propaganda at the Olympics 1936 Germany "Sporting Fever" World War II 1939-1945 Western and Eastern Europe, United States "Total War"
Note to Teachers: This program contains graphic scenes and emotionally powerful material that raise sensitive issues. We recommend that you preview the program before using it in the classroom.
(former member of the Nazi propaganda ministry, Germany)
"It was a process which developed slowly but surely and took over whole sections of the population who had never thought about it before. A lot of them just talked about it, not necessarily believing it. But gradually their brains became fogged, and they started to say, 'The Jews are our misfortune.'"
1. Explain that the program traces the rise of ethnic hatred and the myth of the master race in Nazi Germany. Divide the class into two groups. As students watch the program, have one group write down the turning points in Hitler's foreign policy and the other group write down the turning points in Hitler's policies toward the Jews and other groups.
2. In the program Norbert Lopper says, "There had always been anti-Semitism in Vienna and in Austria long before 1938. This was nothing new. But then it became official and that made it much worse." Ask students to consider what happens when ethnic hated is sanctioned by the government.
1. What were important turning points in Hitler's foreign policy and in his policies toward Jews and other groups? How did the escalation toward war fuel the escalation of ethnic hatred
2. In his quotation, how does Horst Slesina seek to explain the rapid growth of German anti-Semitism? How do other people in the program explain why they supported the Nazis? How did ordinary people's decisions and actions support the Holocaust?
Have students write journal entries to reflect on their emotional response to the program. Ask students to include the events or speakers in the program that affected them the most and to explain why. Then ask them to imagine what they would say if they met one of the speakers. What questions would they ask?
Have students locate and read first-hand accounts of those who lived through Kristallnacht. Why was this such a turning point in the rise of Nazism? What was the reaction in Europe and America? Ask students to write an editorial or newspaper article describing what happened.
About the Series | Episodes | Timeline | Your Stories | Thematic Overview | Teacher's Guide
The following lesson focuses on a program segment about the early days of Nazi rule. People who were children and young adults in 1930s Germany explain how the propaganda, policies, and racial myths of Nazism affected their lives.
approximately 24 minutes
The beginning of the program
Horst Slesina says, "They started to say, 'The Jews are our misfortune.'"
1. As students watch the program segment, have them take notes on how Hitler's policies, ideology, and strategies affected different people's perspectives.
1. How did Hitler's ideas and policies affect how many Germans thought about themselves and others? How did their beliefs affect their behavior?
2. How did Nazis define the ideal German? What images did they use to create stereotypes of Jews? How did stereotyping Jews help the Nazis create a German identity?
3. Why did the Nazis sponsor youth activities such as the May Day festival? What were other ways Nazis sought to broaden support for Nazism? In what ways did they try to stifle opposition?
4. How are American ideas about what makes Americans special similar to or different from Nazi ideas about what made Germans special? Have these ideas ever been harmful to others in the United States? If so, how?
Have students explore anti-Semitism in the restrictive immigration laws America passed in 1924. First have students research the government's arguments for restricting immigration into the United States from southern and eastern Europe in the 1920s. Ask students to include in their investigation public opinion on the restrictions. How did these laws reflect attitudes towards the Jews? Then, as a class, create a list of the arguments. Compare the arguments to Nazi racial ideologies and the role of public opinion in accepting laws passed against the Jews in Germany. What were the short-range and long-range effects of these laws? Discuss the similarities and differences between how the United States in the 1920s and Germany in the 1930s interpreted the relationship between race and nationhood.
Ask students to collect recent news articles on the rise of neo-Nazi movements in different countries, such as Germany, Great Britain, France, and the United States. Brainstorm a list of the factors that led to the rise of Nazism in 1930s Germany. Discuss which of these or other factors contribute to the rise of neo-Nazi movements today.
About participating in the May Day activities, Herta Grabarz says, "We took part because everybody did. We didn't want to be left behind, so we went along with it." Ask students to reflect on how her description compares with "peer pressure" or other societal pressures they may have experienced. Have them write a brief comparison.
Use the following information to assist in finding specific segments within the program. The times listed on the left indicate minutes into the program.
1:20 Berlin, 1933: National socialists come to power. How and why Hitler rose to power.
6:30 Hitler gives the employed jobs by launching public works projects.
8:20 The use of radio for Nazi propaganda.
10:10 Use of propaganda to promote anti-semitism.
12:40 The first official movement against Jews. Nationwide boycott of Jewish-owned businesses.
13:30 Nazi's justification for anti-semitism.
14:20 The development of the SS.
18:00 Other methods of developing master race German propaganda (e.g., Faith and Beauty scheme, May Day Festival, Hitler Youth).
21:10 State-mandated anti-semitism supported by propaganda.
24:00 Nazi discrimination of gypsies.
26:30 Nazi discrimination of mentally ill.
28:10 Germany absorbs Austria in defiance of the Treaty of Versailles. State-mandated anti-semitism spread to Austria.
30:20 Spread of German territory with annexing of the German-speaking part of Czechoslovakia in January, 1939. Where possible, Jews start to emigrate.
31:40 WWII begins with invasion of Poland. "Racial war" escalates against Jews, mentally ill, and handicapped.
35:50 Jewish Warsaw ghetto.
38:20 December, 1941: Methods of killing Jews.
43:30 Deportation of Jews to concentration camps. Methods used for extermination
People's Century | WGBH | PBS Online | Search PBS | Feedback | Shop | © | <urn:uuid:834c4541-4db6-43da-b304-2f50b2994f9e> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/peoplescentury/teachers/tgmaster.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718309.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00404-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.945578 | 1,489 | 4.3125 | 4 |
Residents and tourists in Hawaii received quite a scare, shortly after 8 a.m on Saturday morning (Jan. 13), when an emergency cellphone alert went out warning of an incoming missile strike.
According to the Washington Post, the alert - which read "BALLISTIC MISSILE THREAT INBOUND TO HAWAII. SEEK IMMEDIATE SHELTER. THIS IS NOT A DRILL.” - was sent out in error by the Hawaii Emergency Management Agency, but it took more than 30 minutes for officials to acknowledge the mistake.
George D. Szigeti, president and CEO of the Hawaii Tourism Authority (HTA), issued the following statement commenting on the false alert.
Speaking in regards to Saturday's incident, Szigeti said:
"This morning's false alert was regrettable and completely avoidable. There was no reason for the alert to be issued and the public needs to know that it was simply a mistake caused by human error. Our governor and the director of the Hawaii Emergency Management Agency have made strong public assurances that this type of mistake will never happen again, and we should all take that to heart.
“Already, procedures have been improved to ensure that an error of this magnitude is not repeated. The health and welfare of our residents and visitors is always the State of Hawaii’s top priority and no agency takes that responsibility more seriously than the Hawaii Emergency Management Agency.
"There is no cause for travellers with trips already booked to Hawaii or considering a vacation in the islands to change their plans. Hawaii continues to be the safest, cleanest and most welcoming travel destination in the world and the alarm created [today] by the false alert does not change that at all.” | <urn:uuid:b27d07b7-8583-4eff-b572-6391714591c6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://newswest.paxeditions.com/news/pnw-tourism-board/hta-issues-statement-false-missile-alert | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571198.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810161541-20220810191541-00273.warc.gz | en | 0.958289 | 358 | 1.71875 | 2 |
To Colonel Otho Williams
[Smiths Clove, New York, June 12,1 1779]
The Genl sends you four fresh horsemen to enable you to transmit him intelligence.2 The General will take the road you marched to your quarters.
Mind your eye my boy, and if you have an opportunity, fight damned hard!
Yr. friend & serv
A Hamilton ADC
ALS, Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
1. Both J. C. Hamilton (JCHW description begins John C. Hamilton, ed., The Works of Alexander Hamilton (New York, 1851). description ends , I, 79) and Lodge (HCLW description begins Henry Cabot Lodge, The Works of Alexander Hamilton (New York, 1904). description ends , IX, 166) incorrectly date this letter June 11. | <urn:uuid:09d05f09-769b-4bf5-907a-71e8d1a99b43> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://founders.archives.gov/documents/Hamilton/01-02-02-0227 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719136.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00467-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.734422 | 172 | 1.53125 | 2 |
BLOOMINGTON, Minn. (WCCO) -- Boxes of faded war letters paint a picture of the father Gretchen Wronka never knew. The Bloomington woman was only a baby when her dad last held her.
"He shipped off overseas in the fall 1944, so that's when I was just nine months old," Wronka said.
A book of her father's poetry now warms her heart with each verse she reads. Gretchen looks at black and white photographs showing a handsome young man, so full of life.
Her father, Lt. Loren Hintz, was a P-47 fighter pilot in the U.S. Army Air Corps, flying dangerous missions aimed at driving the Nazi's from Italy.
It was a patriotic sacrifice which kept Loren from attending Gretchen's first birthday, or later witnessing the gift of grandchildren.
Recalls Gretchen's son, Hans, "Sometimes I'd ask my mom about it, 'How come I don't have a grandpa?' She'd remind me, 'You do, but grandpa died.'"
On April 21, 1945, Hintz and his 79th Fighter Group were attacking German positions around Bagnarola, Italy.
His 66th mission, one he'd volunteered for, would be Loren's last.
"It was very symbolic the fact that he was killed on the very day Bologna had been liberated," Wronka said.
A War Department telegram brought the bitter news to his widow in Iowa that Hintz was missing in action.
There was no funeral service for Hintz, his body was never returned stateside. For the next 71 years, his family had little else but photographs, letters and poetry.
Understand that in the closing days of the war, the military didn't always devote the resources to recover a fallen soldier's or an airman's remains.
"Always being a curious person, I was wanting to see where the story went," Hans said.
Hans began by searching the internet for his grandfather's name. He was led to a reunion page for the 79th Fighter Group.
"So I just wrote something simple...does anyone out there know who Loren E. Hintz is?" Hans said.
He'd spend hours of his spare time digging through maps and old military records, looking for the slightest trace of evidence indicating where his grandfather was shot down.
Several years passed before he finally got the hit he'd been looking for. It came from a man in Bologna, Italy.
"By July 2012, I'm on a plane going to Italy with my wife and son. I'm like, we're going," Hans said.
He and his family went to the countryside around Bagnarola, Italy, where they continued piecing together the mysterious puzzle.
Unfortunately, they would soon return home without finding what they'd been looking for, Hintz's final resting place.
Maps, photos and military records got them close, but still they couldn't find the crash site.
That is, until the early days of July 2016.
Once again, they would board a jet and head back to an Italian countryside.
"Then came that eureka moment, when Pierro said we have a guy who was an eyewitness," Hans said.
A man named Antonio was 12 years old at the time. He recalled seeing the plane crash in the distance and would lead Hans and his crew to the exact spot.
There, using ground penetrating sonar, they located what appeared to be a large mass of metal.
With the help of an archaeological team, they began digging. There, 16 feet under the Italian soil, they would locate fragmented pieces of what appeared to be an airplane.
Soon, Hans got a lump in his throat as the excavation revealed one of the plane's .50-caliber machine guns.
Hans choked with emotion as he recalled, "This is too early. It's only 15 minutes into the dig, and I can't start tearing up already."
Then came fragments of the P-47's airframe, bullet casings and its massive 18 cylinder engine, mangled and still leaking oil.
Hans held up a shard of clear material and exclaimed, "That glass is what Loren was looking through." It was a fragment of the cockpit windshield.
Suddenly, came the moment of truth as the excavation revealed, human bones and two discernible dog tags. On each was embossed, "Lt. Loren Hintz."
"The people, everybody got a little quiet," Hans said, adding, "I didn't need to ask anybody what was on their minds. They were all thinking the same things."
After 71 years, a family mystery was finally solved.
In a solemn ceremony at the crash site, the family held a memorial service, and the group of grateful Italians presented Hans and his family an American flag.
"I never could have dreamed of an experience like this," Hans said. "I'm happy also. We've found Loren!"
for more features. | <urn:uuid:31f05fde-a96c-4e85-bdff-82d8d47d98da> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.cbsnews.com/minnesota/news/grandson-finds-wwii-airmans-body/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00077.warc.gz | en | 0.985482 | 1,048 | 1.835938 | 2 |
SAP® is embedding Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) into its business applications, enabling developers & data scientists to use the Business Technology Platform (BTP) to create intelligent data models and forecasts to use in day-to-day operations. Read on to learn the differences between AI and ML and how to identify situations to benefit your business.
The Upside of COVID
“Was I deceived or did a sable cloud Turn forth her silver lining on the night?”
– John Milton, 1634
The modern version is shorter but loses the poetry: “Every cloud has a silver lining.”
While COVID-19 has had a devastating impact on life as we know it, it’s also fast-tracked adoption of digital transformation and technologies like cloud, artificial intelligence, robotics, blockchain, Internet of Things (IOT), and 3D printing.
Machine Learning Aims to Eliminate Routine Work
Machine Learning – another of those fast-tracked technologies – is helping enterprise SAP S/4HANA users respond to customers, competitors, regulators and partners all while transforming their businesses into intelligent enterprises.
According to Gartner (2020), 69% of the routine work managers are doing will be fully automated by 2024. Machine Learning is critical for businesses wanting to get going on that automation.
Artificial Intelligence vs. Machine Learning vs. Deep Learning
What do all the terms mean?
AI is a somewhat generic term for machines that mimic abilities usually found in humans – like solving problems or learning. Most AI is really a set of programmed instructions that tell a machine how to respond in specific situations.
Machine learning is a smaller subset of AI that detects patterns and learns how to make predictions and recommendations by processing data rather than relying on programming logic.
Deep Learning is a subset of Machine Learning, where the learning is based on artificial neural networks that also require vast amounts of data.
SAP’s S/4 HANA in the AI/ML World
SAP is embedding AI into applications (S/4HANA and other apps) combining Robotic Process Automation (RPA), SAP Conversational AI, and SAP AI Business Services through its Business Technology Platform (BTP).
How is SAP’s AI different from Robotic Process Automation?
SAP’s ML predicts future outcomes in real-time using historical data, helping business users make accurate, timely decisions.
RPA automates repetitive, recurring non-value-added tasks, freeing up business users for more important work.
How Does ML work in SAP S/4HANA?
It uses customer-specific history and exceptions to predict future outcomes which can be used to automate decisions.
Which Business Problems Should it Solve?
Which business problems should and should not be solved by using ML? For problems being solved by ML, what’s the best approach?
If your business problem has no clear business logic to solve (or if the logic involves complex business rules) with historical data, it’s a good candidate for using ML. Predicting delivery times or segmenting sales prospects are good examples.
If there is clear business logic that can solve your business problem, you can instead use programming to solve it (like calculating inventory).
Currently-available cloud platforms and 3rd-party data analytics tools enable just about any organization to implement a ML program.
SAP is embedding ML into its business applications and enabling developers and data scientists to create ML models through the Business Technology Platform (BTP).
Two Kinds of ML in S/4HANA
SAP S/4HANA has two ML capabilities: Embedded and Side by Side.
Embedded ML is great for simple processes that can use classic algorithms like clustering and classification using no external data. It’s based on SAP Analytics cloud.
Side-by-Side ML is for complex processes requiring deep learning, high CPU and RAM capacities, and incorporating external data. It’s based on the SAP Business Technology Platform.
Managing Machine Learning Scenarios
SAP’s Intelligent Scenario Management App (ISLM) offers an interface for managing ML models regardless of what data sources the model uses. It allows developers to train a ML model using existing customer data. Users can publish the model for use in other SAP Fiori applications.
ISLM comes with a number of sample ML scenarios including versions that automate sales orders, predict lead times, and predicts sales performance. The scenarios apply to different lines of business including finance, public services, sales, manufacturing, and more.
Other ideas for ML scenarios are available from SAP resources.
Let Computers be Computers
Using SAP S/4HANA Machine Learning models, users across all lines of business can let computers be computers. Use them to automate redundant tasks, process large data sets, make predictive decisions, or even automate entire processes.
And free up valuable employees to do the work that still requires a human touch. | <urn:uuid:6f96a658-5b52-45cf-a3f7-98c956d3c7fb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://rizing.com/consumer-industries-fashion-fashion/use-sap-s-4hana-machine-learning-to-be-more-efficient-and-make-better-decisions/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573193.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818094131-20220818124131-00474.warc.gz | en | 0.893846 | 1,050 | 2.859375 | 3 |
With GenIcam 3D, specific features are no longer required across software for the communication of application and hardware, which means that a problem-free connection between software and 3D camera is possible via Plug&Play. Two further advantages of the new standard interface are the MultiPart and MultiPeak features. Thanks to MultiPart, significantly more features can be output than before, regardless of the pixel format and algorithm. In addition to the height values, the user also receives intensity data, for example. With MultiPeak, it is also possible to define an exact peak, which eliminates the possibility of incorrect measurements due to reflections, for example. AT Technology has already integrated GenICam 3D in its new cx4090HS 3D sensor module.
Chromasens has introduced a 3D inspection system designed for detecting imperfections on the surface of metal cylinder heads requiring large field of views. | <urn:uuid:73d5858b-2019-4373-a856-4162ce97adcc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://invision-news.com/invision/genicam-3d-for-3d-sensors/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.930211 | 182 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Saving money is always an important consideration for any business and never more so than in the current economic recession. Print can be a notoriously expensive resource to manage and one way in which savings can be made is by switching to compatible toners. The decision to switch can be a difficult one, though, with concerns about quality, reliability and the ever-present warranty issue. Read on to find out if compatibles are right for you…
What are compatibles?
Compatible cartridges are non-branded consumables produced by third parties, as opposed to the printer manufacturer. Examples of compatible brands you may have come across include Katun, Planitgreen, Danwood and Xerox (Xerox makes it’s own versions of other manufacturers’ toners, such as HP).
How are compatible toner cartridges made?
Some compatible cartridges are simply refilled – the casing is cracked open and refilled with new toner. Compatibles produced in this way are generally poor quality, unreliable and often lower capacity compared with branded cartridges.
Refurbished cartridges are completely stripped down and rebuilt from scratch, using reconditioned components, or brand new ones where necessary. The cartridges are reassembled to the original manufacturer’s specifications and given a full load of toner; as a result, cartridges produced in this way can be at least equal in build quality to the originals.
It should be noted that Printware sells only refurbished, not refilled, toner cartridges.
What are the advantages of using compatible toner cartridges?
The obvious advantage is cost - compatible toner cartridges are now available for a wide range of printers and can save you up to 40% compared with original, branded cartridges.
What about print quality?
Since the majority of office printing is Word documents, e-mails, invoices etc., there will be no discernible difference in quality between compatible and original cartridges. However, if you are printing high coverage images where quality is paramount, you will obtain better results from using original inks and toners.
How reliable are they?
Refilled ink and toner cartridges can be problematic. The most common malfunction is that of a cracked or "exploded" casing which consequently empties its contents into the internal workings of the printer. As mentioned previously, the volume of ink or toner can often be lower than that of the original alternative. Most remanufactured cartridges that are made in a controlled environment should be as reliable as original cartridges and will come with their own warranty.
Will using compatibles invalidate my warranty?
In a word, no; using compatible consumables in your printer will not invalidate the warranty. However any damage caused to your printer by the use of third party consumables will not be repaired under the terms of the printer’s warranty. Any claims in this instance would have to be directed to the consumables supplier. This will not affect any future claims or any claims unrelated to the use of compatible consumable items. The following is taken from the Warranty Terms and Conditions section on HP’s website:
"HP warranty extends only to HP products and options. If you install a non-HP option into your HP product and this option then fails, you must contact the supplier for warranty cover on that item.
The warranty on your HP product will not be affected by the installation of a non-HP upgrade/option unless your HP product is damaged as a result of installation and/or operation of a third party option, such damage will not be covered by HP warranty.
If your HP product is not operating correctly, you may be asked to verify that any non-HP option is not responsible for the problem by uninstalling any such items."
To Sum Things Up...
Compatible inks and toners are a sensible option for everyday use and we use them in our own "general" printers for internal documents. However, original cartridges are the better option when colours need to be accurate and quality is paramount. For this reason, we always use originals in our demo machines and for any external documents.
Compatible cartridges are covered by their own warranty and, in our experience, the toner manufacturers have been extremely helpful in sorting out any problems. There is, however, the potential for greater down time versus original cartridges, as the risk of failure and the average the time taken to make a warranty claim will be higher. With this in mind, it may be worth sticking with original toners in business critical machines.
The decision on whether to save money by purchasing compatible consumables is entirely yours; Printware sells both original and compatible cartridges but we do not refill cartridges or sell refilled cartridges. All the compatibles we sell are manufactured to the highest standards and our cartridges are built in an ISO 9001 certified factory, designed to at least meet the manufacturer’s specifications.
by Anthony Morgan</a> | <urn:uuid:9ecd5d5e-ec75-4038-9a99-c398f006c8ab> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.printware.co.uk/Blog/308/Originals-or-Compatibles.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720000.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00023-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.938224 | 1,001 | 1.632813 | 2 |
Tribology and Lubrication Technology December 2013 : Page 26
FEATURE ARTICLE Dr. Neil Canter / Contributing Editor Lubricant additives: What degree are they removed by filtration systems? Several factors indicate that additive removal by filters is nonexistent in properly maintained lubricant systems. LUBRICANT MANUFACTURERS FACE EXTENSIVE CHALLENGES in formulating prod-ucts for their end-user customers. Several articles have been published in TLT discussing many techniques for helping lubricant companies and end-users achieve superior performance for their lubricants and production machines. One issue that has not received much attention is concern about whether filters are involved in removing additives from lubricants. There is no ques-tion that the role of filtration equipment in maintaining lubricant systems is crucial. In the November TLT, an article based on a Webinar presentation sponsored by STLE University reviewed the fundamentals of filtration. 1 (avail-able digitally at www.stle.org. ) Filters serve the purpose of removing contaminants from lubricant sys-tems that, if left, can significantly reduce operating life and affect the perfor-mance of production machines. The particles trapped from filters can range in size from 40 microns down to the 6-10 micron range. This latter range is the focus for most filters. Concern has been raised in the lubricant industry on an anecdotal basis that filters might also remove additives from lubricants as they remove con-taminants. Such a scenario could reduce the effectiveness of the lubricant and 26 • DE CEMBER 2 013 TRIBOL OG Y & L UBRIC A TION TE CHNOL OG Y WWW .S TLE. OR G
Lubricant additives: What degree are they removed by filtration systems?
Several factors indicate that additive removal by filters is nonexistent in properly maintained lubricant systems.
LUBRICANT MANUFACTURERS FACE EXTENSIVE CHALLENGES in formulating products for their end-user customers. Several articles have been published in TLT discussing many techniques for helping lubricant companies and end-users achieve superior performance for their lubricants and production machines.
One issue that has not received much attention is concern about whether filters are involved in removing additives from lubricants. There is no question that the role of filtration equipment in maintaining lubricant systems is crucial. In the November TLT, an article based on a Webinar presentation sponsored by STLE University reviewed the fundamentals of filtration.1 (available digitally at www.stle.org.)
Filters serve the purpose of removing contaminants from lubricant systems that, if left, can significantly reduce operating life and affect the performance of production machines. The particles trapped from filters can range in size from 40 microns down to the 6-10 micron range. This latter range is the focus for most filters.
Concern has been raised in the lubricant industry on an anecdotal basis that filters might also remove additives from lubricants as they remove contaminants. Such a scenario could reduce the effectiveness of the lubricant and adversely impact its application. The purpose of this article is to gain insight from key industry experts representing the additive supplier, basestock supplier, lubricant supplier and filter-supplier market segments on this issue.
None of the six respondents interviewed wished to be identified, so they will be referred to as:
1. Additive Supplier
2. Basestock Supplier
3. Filter Supplier No. 1
4. Filter Supplier No. 2
5. Filter Supplier No. 3
6. Lubricant Supplier.
The initial topic that needs to be covered is the solubility of additives in the main types of basestocks that are used in the lubricant industry. This covers the four types of mineral oils (Group I, II and III) and naphthenic oil, polyalphaolefins (PAOs-Group IV) and the synthetic basestocks grouped into Group V (dibasic and polyol esters, polyalkylene glycols (PAGs), phosphate esters and alkylated aromatics).
The additive supplier representative says, “Virtually all types of additives follow the same trend as we move from Group I to Group IV—the solvency of the oil decreases such that some additives that appear to be fine in Group I and Group II may drop out in Group III and IV. To compensate for products prepared with Group III or Group IV oils, lubricant companies either do not use these additives or else formulate with a co-stock (such as an ester or an alkylated aromatic) to improve base oil solubility.”
The additive supplier stresses that no additives are recommended for a specific lubricant application if they will precipitate out under stressed conditions. The individual says, “We do not recommend any insoluble additives for use in a well-formulated lubricant.”
All additives recommended for a basestock are evaluated in aging studies in that specific basestock at elevated temperatures and under cold temperature storage. The additive supplier says, “Solvency has become a significant consideration as oil refining has evolved over the past 20 years. We define an additive as soluble in a particular basestock if no haze is seen under the various conditions the lubricant is expected to encounter as it is used.”
This view means that solubility is probably not the source of any problems encountered with additive removal by filters. But the additive supplier representative makes clear that an additive may be removed from one type of basestock and not from a second basestock. The individual says, “We do not know whether an additive that is soluble in both Groups I and III based on our testing might be extracted from the Group III oil but not from the Group I basestock.”
In looking at the wide variety of additives, the question was asked if additives are organized into nonpolar, ashless polar and metal-containing polar categories and which category is most vulnerable to filter removal. The additive supplier says, “We speculate that polar additives are more susceptible but do not know if having an ashless or metal-containing component makes a difference. Polar molecules are incorporated largely for surface-active functionality and will seek any surface. This includes the filter (which may have a large surface area). However, it is difficult to speculate if this changes as the lubricant system ages. We do not know if a specific polar additive may be “filtered out” any more or less readily after the first pass through a filter.”
One additive class that appears to be vulnerable is defoamers. A past reference states that defoamer additives are semisolid suspensions in the 5-10 micron range that can be removed by filtration.2 This same reference also notes that sulfur and phosphorus EP additives that are not dissolved as well as suspended antiscuff additives can potentially be removed by efficient 1-micron filters.
Other factors that were considered include the physical dimensions of an additive and whether it is acidic, neutral or basic. The additive supplier says, “We do not know whether physical dimensions is an issue but are sure that solubility is a must. Acidic and basic additives may be more susceptible to removal by filtration if they react with another component present in the lubricant to possibly form a new insoluble species.”
One other additive type that will change over the course of a lubricant’s operating life is the dispersant. The additive supplier says, “Dispersants surround a particle produced as a result of an antioxidant doing its job, wear debris or dust incursion and transport it to the filter for removal. This, of course, means the dispersant is also removed at the same time.”
Among the additive types most vulnerable to removal by filtration, the additive supplier representative believes most are in the surface-active category. Besides detergents/dispersants, this covers antiwear additives, corrosion inhibitors and extreme pressure agents.
Although some additive types might be more likely to be removed and thus shorten some aspect of the life of the lubricant, the additive supplier representative feels formulators should be taking this factor into consideration by selecting the proper type and amount of an additive needed to perform the desired function over the desired life of the lubricant. Additive removal by filters should not be inherent in a wellformulated lubricant.
A representative from a basestock supplier agrees that a co-basestock may be required to ensure the solubility of specific additives in a lubricant. This individual says, “Optimum performance of the formulation is sometimes difficult due to the multifunctionality of the additives and can be challenging for those polar additives that race for occupancy on the surface. This problem becomes severe when antiwear/extreme pressure/corrosion inhibitor/friction modifier filmforming additives are used in polar base fluids such as esters and PAGs.”
The basestock supplier indicates that finding a balance between the right types of basestocks and additives is important to ensure that the latter do not precipitate out from the lubricant. This individual says, “Any imbalance will not provide the required additive properties in a lubricant and may lead to additive removal during filtration and under potential severe operating conditions of the application.”
One parameter used to measure basestock solvency is aniline point. A comparison of the aniline point for eight basestocks, as measured by ASTM D611-01, is shown in Figure 1. Additive compatibility with basestocks can be improved if the basestock polarity is changed. The basestock supplier says, “We have seen improvement in solvency through the use of oil-soluble PAGs, which combine the performance of conventional PAGs with improved additive compatibility.”
The result, as shown in Figure 2, is that the solvency power of a basestock blend can be boosted through using oilsoluble PAGs. The basestock supplier says, “Lubricant companies can utilize this approach to adjust polarity so that proper film-forming polar additives are compatible and minimize the possibility of additive removal by filtration.”
FILTRATION SUPPLIER’S PERSPECTIVE
The three filter supplier representatives interviewed indicate that the main type of filter used in lubrication systems is prepared from a resin-based glass fiber. Filter supplier No. 1 says, “Suitable support layers from either polyester or polyamide are employed with filter efficiencies, as defined by the filter element beta ratio selected for the application.”
Filter supplier No. 2 adds, “The filter efficiency can range from 3 microns to 12 microns where the beta ratio is 1,000.”
According to filter supplier No. 3, most lubricant systems are supplied from the manufacturer with inline spin on filters that typically have a 10-micron rating. This individual says, “These are particulate-only removal and do not remove water.”
When asked about the most common filter size and parameters used to select filters, all three suppliers indicate that the filter chosen is dependent upon the application. Filter supplier No. 1 says, “Filter selection is highly dependent on the clearance size of the most critical component. Hence, for systems equipped with servo-valve applications, we would usually employ 3-micron (Beta (3) > 200) filtration efficiencies, whereas for journal bearing applications in gas turbine lubricant systems, we could go as ‘high’ as 20 microns.”
Filter supplier No. 2 says, “Filter size can range from up to 40-feet long for applications such as paper machines that require large filter assemblies and are often used in multiple, parallel housings. Smaller lubricant systems (such as on board automobiles) require smaller filter assemblies. The filter size is selected after evaluating various parameters, including operating conditions (flow rate, fluid viscosity) and service life considerations.”
Filter supplier No. 3 says, “For hydraulic fluid systems, the size of the OEM filter is dictated by the equipment manufacturer but should be based upon the amount of fluid present.”
Before discussing whether filters can remove additives from lubricants, each of the filter suppliers was asked about the process used by filters to remove contaminants. Filter supplier No. 1 says, “The predominant mechanism is direct capture or basically a sieving action where particles larger than the pores get trapped at fiber intersections. To a much lesser extent, contaminants can be removed by electrostatic (adhesive) attraction, inertial interception or possibly diffusional interception.”
Filter supplier No. 1 noted that the last two mechanisms are mostly operative only in gases.
Filter supplier No. 2 says, “Pleated filter elements with resin-bonded, glass-fiber filtration media remove contaminants by interception and physical adsorption over a wide range of particle sizes. Filtration efficiency changes as a function of particle size. It is higher for larger particles, lower for smaller particles.”
Filter supplier No. 3 says, “Filters remove water and moisture contamination through two methods. An absorbent filter removes contamination by mechanical design. An adsorbent filter removes soluble and insoluble contaminants on its surface by molecular adhesion.”
All three filter suppliers have seen no evidence that additives are removed by filters. Filter supplier No. 1 was adamant about this issue but noted that silicone defoamers may be the only exception. This individual says, “The answer to the question about additive removal by filters is a most emphatic no! The reason is due to the size difference between filter pores and additives. The primary removal mechanism is pore blockage. The pores (even the finest ones) are typically on the order of micron sized (10-6 meter), whereas the dissolved additive molecules are typically on the order of normal molecular size, hence nanometers (10-9 meter) and are at least three orders of magnitude smaller than the smallest pore.”
Filter supplier No. 1 continues, “The only exception might be the silicone antifoamant because (1.) this additive is dispersed in the form of fine droplets, hence not dissolved, and (2.) the difference between surface energies of the glass fiber (very high) and silicone (considerably lower, say around half of glass fiber) makes the droplets accumulate on the fiber surface and through this adsorptive effect, some of the silicone antifoamant can indeed get removed. However, once the glass fiber surface is saturated with accumulated droplets, the rest of them go through unabated.”
Filter supplier No. 2 says, “Filter elements do not remove fluid additives under normal operating conditions. The only case where additives may be removed is due to contamination of a lubricant system.”
Filter supplier No. 3 says, “After extensive oil analysis testing over many years, our depth filter has never removed additives or additive packages from any type of lubricating oil. With our filter, there are no factors or sizing that effects additive removal. In fact, if water and particulate contamination is kept extremely low, testing shows that additive packages can be extended beyond their normal operating life.”
Filter supplier No. 1 provides data from studies done evaluating the following four lubricants:
1. Mineral oil-based products.
2. Mineral oil formulated with a poly methylmethacrylate viscosity index (VI) improver.
3. PAO mixed with a polyol ester co-basestock.
4. Straight polyol ester-based fluid.
All four lubricants were filtered at least several hundred times through two different sets of 5-micron filters, then two 10-micron filters and finally one 20-micron filter. The lubricants were filtered at temperatures ranging from -10 C to 25 C.
Data generated from evaluating these lubricants is shown in Tables 1 through 3.
Table 1 shows the results from an ICP-AE analysis of appropriate elements from the four lubricant formulations. Filter supplier No. 1 says, “As noted in our data, there was no change in the concentration of metals such as zinc, phosphorus and sulfur.”
Acid number values for the four lubricants (before and after filtration) also do not change, as shown in Table 2. Viscosity values measured (before and after filtration) for the four lubricants are shown in Table 3. Filter supplier No. 1 says, “The individual viscosity values obtained (before and after filtration) do not differ, and the entire VI behavior of these lubricants remain unaffected.”
Values from the three tests do differ slightly, but fluid supplier No. 1 indicates that the slight differences are within the bounds of experimental error.
FT-IR spectra were prepared for all four lubricants and showed little, if any, change in the composition of the lubricants. Figure 3 shows FT-IR spectra for fresh and used lubricant oil No. 1. The FT-IR profiles are virtually identical, indicating little, if any, change in the composition of the lubricant basestocks.
Filter supplier No. 2 indicates that contamination can be a factor causing filters to remove additives. This individual says, “If there is a system upset (such as ingression of water or cross-contamination with another fluid), the carefully blended additive package may become disrupted, and additives may precipitate and agglomerate. These agglomerated, precipitated additives may be large enough to be removed by the filter elements, resulting in unusually short filter element service life and requiring a premature filter element changeout. Thus, the filter element is simply performing as intended, and is, in fact, acting as an indicator, alerting the operator of a system upset.”
Filter supplier No. 2 believes that particulate contaminants usually do not create problems with the additive package formulated into a lubricant. Rather, water contamination and incompatibilities with other lubricants are most likely the cause.
Figure 4 shows a photomicrograph of precipitated additives that are produced through this type of contamination.
Filter supplier No. 3 claims that both water and particulates are involved in accelerating the decomposition of the lubricant and the potential removal of additives. This individual says, “Additive packages are manufactured into lubricating oils to attempt to extend the oil’s life by combating contaminants. The catalyst to contamination is water and particulates that are the precursors to the formation of oxidation in oil. By maintaining the oil in an extremely clean condition (free of water and particulates), the oxidation process is slowed and the integrity of the lubricant maintained over a longer operating period.”
The surface nature of some contaminants may expedite the removal of additives from lubricants, according to filter supplier No. 1. This individual says, “The active surfaces of some contaminants can lead to adsorption, agglomeration or some other interaction with additives, resulting in their removal from the lubricant. However, this ONLY happens when the additive molecules themselves break down in some way (and hence are no longer functional) and their fragments are looking for something to adhere to or react with in some fashion.”
When asked about the types of contaminants most likely to facilitate additive removal, both filter suppliers No. 1 and No. 3 indicate that dirt, sludge, varnish and particulates can all possibly be involved. Filter supplier No. 3 says, “The formation of sludge is primarily a result of more particulate contamination with some water present and takes time to form. Varnish is the end result of water and particulate contamination that oxidizes the oil and forms varnish or what is commonly known as a thin layer of lacquer over the internal components of the hydraulic system. Oxidation is responsible for viscosity increase, base oil breakdown, increased acidity and additive depletion.”
Filter supplier No. 1 says, “One must keep in mind that some varnish or sludge already IS or CAN BE composed of partially degraded additive components and/or oil oxidation byproducts. Once the base oil hydrocarbon molecules are oxidized (typically to carboxylic acids or something similar) and the additives break down or are oxidized in some way, they can form all kinds of adducts, agglomerates or other structures that are then harmful to the fluid, and, consequently, it is beneficial for them to be removed. All of these processes proceed via free radical (and therefore highly uncontrolled) polymerization processes, so it is very hard to define the source of the varnish or sludge.”
LUBRICANT SUPPLIER’S PERSPECTIVE
A representative from a lubricant supplier was contacted to provide insight on whether additive removal by filtration has been detected in lubricant applications. This individual says, “We have determined that a demulsifier used in a hydraulic fluid was removed by a 1-micron filter. This filtration occurred at the operating temperature of the system.”
The lubricant supplier said that additive suppliers indicate using filters down to a 3-micron size in hydraulic fluid and wind turbine gear oil applications should remove particulates without leading to additive removal. But use of filters below 3 microns can cause problems. The lubricant supplier says, “We often hear that defoamers may be the first additive to be removed from a lubricant if filters that are less than 3 microns are used in a specific system.”
But this individual also cautions, “It is also published that servo-valves found in high accuracy hydraulic systems have tolerances in some areas on the order of one-half to 1 micron.”
The basestock used in a specific lubricant also can lead to additive removal problems, so care must be taken to ensure that the additives used are soluble in whatever choice is made. The lubricant supplier says, “We have found that additives formulated into PAO-based lubricants can potentially be removed because of the lack of solvency from the basestock. This factor is also possible in Group II-based lubricants.”
The temperature of a lubricant system is also a factor because it affects additive solubility in the basestock. The lubricant supplier says, “A rise in temperature always helps to improve solvency and make various chemical species soluble in oil. Additive solubility in a basestock is worse at low temperatures.”
One application where the lubricant is subjected to low temperatures is the wind turbine gear oil. The lubricant supplier says, “A major challenge is trying to filter a highly viscous lubricant (ISO VG 220 or 320) under cold temperature conditions. Fine filtration is not recommended because of the pressure drop the filters can cause. One other problem is that any filter finer than 3 microns will remove the defoamer.”
Can additive removal lead to a reduction in lubricant performance? The lubricant supplier representative feels that this is possible but depends upon the specific additive and application. This individual says, “We found in the case of the demulsifier used in the hydraulic fluid, additive removal is not a problem unless the lubricant is subjected to water contamination.”
For the hydraulic fluid application, the lubricant supplier conducted a study using the ISO 13357 filterability test to determine why additive removal was seen in this particular hydraulic fluid and not in the previous lubricant. The lubricant supplier says, “The ISO 13357 test involves heating the lubricant at 70 C for 24 hours and then cooling at room temperature for 24 hours. Lubricants are tested dry and also when contaminated with 0.2 percent water. They are filtered through two dry stages and two wet stages. The lubricant that suffered no additive removal did well in all four stages. In contrast, the lubricant that lost demulsifier failed during the wet stages of the ISO 13357 procedure, which uses 0.8 micron filters. But this particular lubricant passed the Denison filterability test that utilizes 1.2-micron filters.”
The conclusion reached here is that water contamination played an important role in additive removal. The lubricant supplier adds, “It appears that water is a type of contaminant that helps with additive removal. Knowing the chemistry of dispersants, we suspect that filters, as fine as 1 micron, may remove additives from hydraulic oils formulated with detergent/ dispersants when water contaminates the lubricant.”
The evidence presented strongly indicates that filters do not remove additives from lubricants in properly maintained systems. Clear evidence from ICP-AE, acid number, viscosity and FT-IR analysis of various new and filtered fluids shows no change in the properties of these lubricants after filtration.
This means that if the proper fluid is used in a particular application and the recommended maintenance is conducted, additive removal from the lubricant is virtually nonexistent except for the case of defoamers, which are dispersed in most lubricants rather than dissolved in order to minimize foam generation.
The possibility of spent additive removal increases with the onset of contamination of the lubricant system. Water, in particular, can cause additives to precipitate and agglomerate, leading to their removal by filters. This is not in itself a filtration problem but, rather, should send a message to the maintenance group that lubricant performance is in the process of being compromised. When a system becomes contaminated in this fashion, the filters are just trying to perform their role to eliminate any undesirable components.
Water contamination must be dealt with specifically. Filters do not have the ability to remove water. The lubricant supplier says, “A special removal technique such as using a vacuum dehydrator will help. The fact is fine filters still could not be used in a system where water contamination is unstoppable, even if the system has the fanciest water removal technique hooked up to it.”
The basestock supplier believes that water contamination is an underappreciated problem in the lubricant industry. This individual says, “With traditional hydrocarbon-based lubricants, water ingress can lead to the breakdown of the protective hydrodynamic lubricant film and lowers the change-out interval as oxidation and hydrolysis will increase. The industry has found success in using lubricant basestocks such as PAGs that can tolerate and compatibilize much higher concentrations of water contaminants. In addition, the industry is finding the benefits of oil-soluble PAGs, which can act as a molecular sponge and protect traditional formulations from oxidation and hydrolysis.”
Excessive build-up of particulates and agglomerated materials on filters should be an indication that the lubricant system is not properly maintained. Steps then need to be taken to find the root cause of the contamination. In essence, filters are performing an important service in the continuing efforts to provide more effective maintenance as a means to extend optimum fluid performance over a longer operating period.
Neil Canter heads his own consulting company, Chemical Solutions, in Willow Grove, Pa. You can reach him at email@example.com.
• Concern has been raised in the lubricant industry on an anecdotal basis that filters may remove additives from lubricants.
• Filtration studies on new and used lubricants prepared with several basestocks shows that no additives are removed from these lubricants after they were filtered several hundred times.
• Additives are not removed from properly maintained lubricant systems but contamination (from water in particular) increases the possibility of spent additive removal.
Read the full article at http://onlinedigitalpublishing.com/article/FEATURE+ARTICLE/1564717/184584/article.html.
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In legacy telephony, everything revolves around hardware. There is the telephone receiver you hold in your hand and the buttons you press to make calls. The telephone is connected back to a central brain by one or more dedicated wires. Those wires eventually connect the telephone to a line card that feeds signals into a call processor. The call processor manages a voice bus that ultimately connects the calling and called parties.
In other words, circuit-switched telephony requires a lot of moving parts and most of those moving parts consist of metal and plastic.
Along with hardware, there is the telephone number. While you might want to think about the telephone number as an abstract idea that allows people to make and receive calls, it has a very intimate relationship with all that hardware. A telephone number has a tighter association with wires and devices than it does with users. You can’t go home and easily change the telephone number of your landline, and even though there aren’t any physical wires, you can’t do that to your cell phone, either.
With SIP, the telephone number can be an abstract concept. I use several SIP endpoints and it’s a trivial job to reconfigure them with a new number. With a few keystrokes, I can log out the current user, log in a new user, and voila, my telephone now marches to a new drummer.
With SIP, this logging in and out is accomplished with the REGISTER method. It’s what associates a user (e.g. sip:firstname.lastname@example.org) with an IP address and ultimately, a device.
For a deep dive into REGISTER, please see Understanding SIP Registration.
Today I want to talk about one of my favorite aspects of SIP – multiple registration. With multiple registration, I can be in more than one place at the same time. Personally, I use it to be in three places at the same time. Using the same user ID and password, I register my Avaya 9641 desk phone, One-X Communicator for IOS iPhone client, and iPad Communicator. Every time someone calls me, all three devices ring.
To demonstrate how this works, I started my mobile clients on separate networks (my iPhone on AT&T LTE and my iPad on a Comcast cable network) and then using my home telephone, I called my work number. I captured all the messages that went in and out of my company’s Avaya SBC with traceSBC.
The details of traceSBC can be found in my article A Necessary Guide to the Avaya traceSBC Utility.
The call flow can be described as follows:
- Using my home telephone, I call my work number.
- The call traverses the PSTN and eventually arrives at my company’s Avaya Aura system via an ISDN trunk.
- The Avaya Aura system sends the call to Session Manager (10.11.238.49).
- The Session Manager sends the call to three destinations: 9641 deskphone, iPhone client (184.108.40.206), and iPad client (220.127.116.11). Since the iPhone and iPad clients ingress and egress through an Avaya SBC, the session manager sends two separate INVITE messages to the SBC.
- The SBC sends the INVITE messages to each mobile client.
- Both clients return 180 Ringing responses.
- I press answer on my iPhone. One-X Communicator sends a 200 Ok response.
- Session Manager cancels the ringing call on the iPhone with a SIP CANCEL.
- Lots of presence and Avaya proprietary subscription event messages are sent.
The following traceSBC screen capture shows steps 1 through 5.
Expanding the first INVITE shows you the following:
Expanding the second INVITE shows you the following:
Notice how these INVITE messages essentially look the same. Specifically, they have the same Call-ID, To header, From header and From tag. There is no To tag in either header. That will come later.
Next, the clients return 180 Ringing responses.
Notice that there are tags in the To headers and they are not the same value. This allows the proxy (or proxies) to distinguish SIP dialogs.
For a deep dive into To and From tags, please see my article Let’s Play (SIP) Tag.
When I answered the call on my iPhone, a 200 Ok was sent.
Notice how the User-Agent header tells me that this response is from an iPhone.
Now that Session Manager realizes that at least one of the ringing calls has been answered, it needs to cancel all remaining ringing calls. It does this, of course, by sending a SIP CANCEL. In my example, the CANCEL will go to the iPad Communicator client.
The iPad Communicator client sends a 200 Ok response for the CANCEL.
Note that CSeq header indicates that this response is for the CANCEL.
All that is left to do now is release the INVITE session to the iPad Communicator. This is accomplished by the iPad Communicator sending a 487 Request Terminated.
For a deep dive into CANCEL, please see Understanding SIP CANCEL.
Putting it all together, we see the entire call flow as follows:
I hope this made sense to you. The notion of separating the user from the device is one of the most powerful aspects of SIP. Not only does it give us device independence and mobility, it is at the core of SIP’s ability to be in more than one place at the same time. | <urn:uuid:68fa947a-1a3d-4b52-8fa8-5fc6b992c698> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://andrewjprokop.wordpress.com/2015/04/07/multiple-registration-and-call-forking-with-sip/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282202.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00554-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.903494 | 1,189 | 1.992188 | 2 |
Canadian 'Dracula' to draw blood in China
By Chen Jie for China Daily
Vampire Count Dracula (Johnny Weiqiang Chang) prepares to stangle Lucy Westenra (Tara Birtwhistle) in the ballet.
First published in 1897, the novel "Dracula," by Irish author Bram Stoker, has never been out of print. It has been reissued in over 300 editions, including dozens in foreign languages.
Count Dracula has been a dominant figure in 20th-century Western culture, finding his way into movies, onto cereal boxes, and from Sesame Street to Canada's Royal Winnipeg Ballet. click for more | <urn:uuid:7f6cb8d6-3f14-4e1b-b584-a1cc32e8aa9f> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.ballet-dance.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=34&t=22894&p=157834 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720941.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00518-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956564 | 136 | 1.585938 | 2 |
FlyZero: How an easyJet pilot is helping aviation’s effort to cut emissions
There’s not a lot of flying going on in Europe right now. But that doesn’t mean the aviation industry is twiddling its thumbs while waiting for the pandemic to ease and people to get back on planes. Behind the scenes, aerospace manufacturers, airlines, engineers, pilots, academics and governments are working on how to make flying more sustainable in the future.
Britain’s Aerospace Technology Institute last year announced the FlyZero initiative to help the UK aerospace industry develop a zero-carbon emission aircraft by 2030.
The pressure has since increased on the UK aviation industry to become more sustainable after the British government announced on 20 April 2021 that it wanted to cut carbon emissions by 78% from 1990 levels by 2035, with international aviation being included in the target for the first time.
“The industry completely needs to come on board with this topic now. And it's becoming more and more important with every year that goes by,” says Deborah Thomas, an easyJet A320 First Officer and software engineer, who started work for FlyZero in February.
Deborah studied maths and astrophysics and has also recently started a Master’s Degree in computer science and data analytics. She asked easyJet last year if she could be seconded to the project while grounded as a result of the Coronavirus pandemic.
“I was looking at how I could use some of my skills in engineering to help and what I could do with my time usefully,” Deborah explains.
The FlyZero programme brings together around 100 people seconded from industry and academia and has received a £15 million grant from the UK Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS)
The project also aligns with easyJet’s ambitions, with the company stating it is “fully committed” to the UK Government and EU targets of net zero emissions by 2050 and believes that European short-haul aviation should aim to reach net zero earlier than this.
Deborah, who started flying commercially in her thirties after previously working for Airbus as a software engineer in Bristol, says FlyZero aims to provide a roadmap for how the UK can achieve a zero-carbon emission aircraft by the end of the decade.
“We're looking at it from the industrial side, the infrastructure required for these new technologies, to the manufacturing, to the design and the airlines, airports and airspace that they're going to be embedded within in the future. So it's a whole holistic view to making this happen,” Deborah told AeroTime.
“I believe with FlyZero we will make really good headway into making that a realistic achievement.”
Deborah is used to juggling lots of demands, having trained to become a commercial pilot on a modular basis while working for Airbus and raising her family. She also understands how crucial it is to be flexible in an industry where things can change overnight, after the 9/11 attacks thwarted her initial plans to get into commercial flying after university.
Her career path now means she is uniquely placed to bring together competing aspects of creating a zero-carbon emissions aircraft.
Not only can she create mathematical simulations of the concepts and technologies that FlyZero is exploring, Deborah can also elaborate on actually operating the aircraft day to day in the current airspace set up.
“ I think if you're doing a research project in isolation away from the actual operations you could come out with an answer that's not workable within a real operation. So I think to have that perspective is really important,” she says.
As a relatively new pilot, Deborah is very much enjoying flying the Airbus A320 but would of course love to fly a new concept aircraft that comes out of the FlyZero project.
“It would be a wonderful thing for us to achieve zero carbon flying to make it a sustainable future,” she says.
Interview | Diversifying the industry: United Aviate CEO accepts AeroTime Award
AeroTime talks to United Aviate Academy CEO, Dana Donati about her exciting career path in aviation and the need t...
Diversifying the pilot pipeline: United Aviate cadet Natalie shares her story
AeroTime speaks to cadets from the United Aviate Academy for World Pilots’ Day, with Natalie sharing her story to...
Is the mental health of Pilots improving in the post-pandemic era?
Experts suggest COVID-19 is likely to ‘fade away’ in 2022. But what about its lasting impact on the mental h... | <urn:uuid:2c929183-6ef6-4382-9fa3-31dfc0b1f43f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.aerotime.aero/articles/27825-flyzero-easyjet-pilot-helps-to-cut-emissions | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573623.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819035957-20220819065957-00667.warc.gz | en | 0.960032 | 951 | 2.625 | 3 |
River Smyrlabjargaa runs through County
Sudursveit. It mostly collects run off water, but also carries some
glacial meltwater from the glacier snout Heinabergsjokull. This snout
retreated fast during the second half of the 20th century,
and the plans for the construction of a hydroelectric power station in
the sixties were postponed. It was considered necessary to carry out a
more detailed research of the volume delivered over a longer period of
time before costly enterprises were started.
In 1956 a Czech company was contracted to provide
the generators for four power stations on rivers Grimsa, Mjolka, Fossa,
and Smyrlabjargaa. During the research period, the reserve, diesel
generation of electricity was increased in the town Hofn. The power
plant was built near Farm Smyrlabjorg. The construction work commenced in 1968.
Several disruptions delayed the process, but eventually the
power station was inaugurated on October 3rd 1969.
The original capacity was 1,000 kW, but the enlargement of a dam and
other measures increased it to 1,200 kW. Later it was increased to
1,485 kW. In 1974 new reservoirs were added to stabilize the operation
of the power plant.
Source: The State Energy Company.
Part of Vatnajokull | <urn:uuid:6168d901-51ca-4bbf-86bd-a3d3e8c94f35> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.nat.is/travelguideeng/plofin_power_plant_smyrlabjargaa.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00043-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.953179 | 289 | 3.296875 | 3 |
Gandhi read a poem describing the farmer as the father of the world. It said God was the provider and cultivator was his hand. He asserted that in peasants' freedom from poverty and ignorance lay the freedom of India: " Over 75% of the population are agriculturists. The Kisan is the salt of the earth which should belong to him and not to the absentee landlord sabhi bhumi gopalki. There cannot be much self-government about us, if we take away from the peasants almost the whole of the results of their labour. Our salvation can only come through the farmer. Neither the lawyers nor the doctors, nor the rich landlords are going to secure it."
Twenty-five percent of the state revenue was
collected from the peasantry. The pressure of land tax was heavy. Whenever
Gandhi heard of or saw a new palatial building being constructed in any city in
India, he sadly remarked : " Oh it is the money that comes from agriculturists."
Any such symbol of urban prosperity reminded him of the peasantry burdened with
taxation, illegal exactions, debts which could never be fully paid, illiteracy,
superstition and diseases.
Gandhi was not a born Kisan but he made every
effort to become one. From boyhood he loved to grow fruits. Every
afternoon, coming back from school, he carried buckets of water up on the
terrace to water plants. At the age of 36, he began to live a peasant's life on
a farm. An acre of ground with some fruit trees attracted him when he was
searching a plot of land with his family and friends. slowly he took to farming
and gave up the gentlemanly occupation of an attorney. the cottages were built
by the inmates of the farm. Gandhi tilled the soil, drew water, grew vegetables
and fruits and hewed wood. He soon converted the land into an orchard.
Ten years of farm life in south Africa armed him
with good knowledge of and experience in farming. He popularised the non-violent
and more scientific method of bee -keeping that did not displace the honey comb,
nor destroyed the bees. He explained how bee-keeping near a harvesting land or a
garden of fruits and vegetables increased the yield from plants. The bees while
drinking honey from the flowers carry pollens with their feet and improve the
quality and quantity of crops.
Gandhi brushed aside any complaint about the
barrenness of land, dearth of implements or meagre water supply. The major asset
of a cultivator, he affirmed, was an intelligent use of his labour. He should be
energetic, resourceful and self-reliant. When an organiser of the Nayee Talim
complained that the land at their disposal was not fit for agriculture, Gandhi
said: " You do not know what kind of land we had to begin with in South Africa.
If I were in your place, I would not use the plough to begin with. I would arm
the children with hoe and teach them to use it. It is an art. the bullock power
can come later. A thin top layer of loam or compost manure can enable us to grow
many a useful vegetable and pot-herb. Conversion of night-soil into manure by
shallow trenching system does not need more than a fortnight . Our children
should be taught to regard the work of agriculture as honorable. It is not
degrading but a noble occupation." Gandhi thought agriculture could play an
important part in basic education scheme.
Just before the partition of India, the Hindus of
Noakhali asked him:" How can we continue to stay here, what are we to feed on?
the Muslim peasants are non-co-operating with us and are not supplying us with
bullocks or ploughs." Gandhi retorted: " Get hold of some pickaxes and start
digging. Crop yield won't be poor from earth dug with pickaxes."
In 1943, when Gandhi was in jail, lakhs of people
died of starvation in Bengal. The memory of that tragic event was fresh in the
minds of the people and the government officials. When there was fear of another
famine in 1947, the Viceroy promptly sent his private secretary to Sevagram in a
plane to seek Gandhi's advice. Gandhi remained unshaken and asked people to shed
all fear of the approaching calamity; " There is plenty of fertile land, enough
water and no dearth of man-power. Why should there be food shortage under such
circumstances? People should be educated to become self-reliant. He who eats two
grains must produce four. Everyone should grow some edible for personal use. The
easiest way to do so is to collect clean earth, mix it with organic manure even
a little bit of dried cow-dung is good organic manure and put it in any earthen
pot or tin pot and throw some seeds of vegetables and daily water the pots. All
exports of seeds should stopped. Starch can be derived from such roots as
carrots, parsnips, potatoes, yam and bananas. The idea being to exclude from the
present diet grains and pulses which can be kept and stored." His call for
self-help needed determined practice of discipline and austerity, adaptability
to anew type of food habit and no begging from abroad.
During the control of food and cloth, Gandhi
needed no rations from the Government stock. He could manage without rice, bread
and pulses and did not use sugar. He made his own cloth.
In Harijan, he gave detailed instructions as how
to make compost manure using the things that were near at hand, the things that
cost nothing -cow dung, night soil, urine, peelings of vegetables and deadly
water hyacinths. With labour and application, compost manure could be made
without any capital . In his ashrams, night-soil and urine were conserved in
pits. In a short time, they were turned in to rich manure. This bhangi cum
kisan's work did not appeal to the conservative peasants. Gandhi preferred
organic manure to chemical fertiliser. Use of the latter for soil fertility or
for quick return of crop was in his opinion dangerous. It might results in
depletion of the soil in spite of its promise of dramatic results.
He also did not favour the use of a tractor in
place of cattle plough. At the Sabarmati Ashram he tried almost all improved
ploughs but the primitive cattle plough proved must suitable. It conserved soil
because it ploughed deep enough for the crop but never too deep to do any
damage. Moreover, he disliked the displacement of human labour of hundreds of
men by a tractor. He wanted to employ them in fruitful productive work. He had a
fear that a mechanical device would blunt the creative faculty of the peasants.
The age long system of ploughing small holdings separately was not approved by
him because " it is better for 100 families to cultivate together and divide the
income there from than to divide the land any how into 100 portions. Everyone in
a village having a bullock and a bullock-cart seems wasteful'. He advocated
co-operative cattle farming. Collective cattle farming can ensure proper
veterinary treatment to animals and maintain a common grazing ground and a
select stud bull for many cows. No ordinary farmer can provide for these
arrangements. Cattle Fodder often costs more than what the cattle yield. As the
number of cattle increases , under pressure or turns them out to starve to
death. He ill treats the cattle and cruelly extracts work from them.
Gandhi laid special stress on protection of the
cow the most valuable animal in farm economy. During his tours all over India,
he was distressed to see lusterless eyes of the peasants and the pitiable
condition of the cows; " In no country on earth were the cow and its progeny so
ill-treated as in India where the cow is held in veneration. The veneration now
consists of deadly feuds with the Muslims over cow-killing and in sanctifying
ourselves with her sacred touch. Many pinjrapoles and goshalas are dens of
torture." He expected the pinjarapoles to take care of dry and disabled animals
and to give expert advice on cattle breeding. He preferred cow's milk and butter
to those of a buffalo for their superior quality. Moreover after death, the
skin, bone, entrails and flashings of the cow are useful.
In his ashram goshala he kept good stud bulls and
maintained a model yet inexpensive cow-shed. He attended to every detail of the
goshala. All new born calved were greeted with a loving pat by him. A heifer was
once suffering from an incurable disease. No medicals relief was of any avail.
Gandhi decide to end its life and himself held a paw of the ailing calf when the
doctor put it to sleep. There was aloud protest against this act of violence
committed by the great apostle of non-violence. One Jain threatened to wipe out
this sin with Gandhi's blood. Gandhi faced the storm calmly.
Once more he shocked the rigid observers of ahimsa
with his proposal of killing the monkeys that destroyed crops, fruits and
vegetable grown in the ashram, He said: " having become a peasant myself, I must
find out some means by which crops can be safeguarded against them with the
minimum use of himsa. The monkey nuisance has become very acute. The monkeys
refuse to be frightened even by gun-shots and only gibber and howl when shots
are fired. I am seriously considering the question of killing them, in case it
should become unavoidable. " No monkey was ever killed or hurt by arrows or
otherwise in the ashram.
How to increase the income of the poor peasants
was Gandhi's constant concern. They were without work for four to six months a
year. They could not maintain themselves only on agriculture. He tried to
utilize this enforced idleness of 30 crores of peasants by restoring to women
their spinning wheel and to men their handlooms . He wanted to raise the income
of these illiterate, ill-clad, ill-fed peasants to a level that would ensure a
balanced diet, livable dwelling houses cloth enough for health requirements and
good education. they should also develop a will to resist He stood for
Kisan-Mazdoor-Praja-Raj and warned: " When the peasant is fully awakened to a
sense of his plight and knows that is fully awakened to a sense of his plight
and knows that is to not his kismet that has brought hi m to this helpless
state, he will abolish all distinctions between constitutional and
unconstitutional means . When the Indian peasantry will under stand what swaraj
is, then nobody dare hold it back from him."
Under Gandhi's lead, the peasants joined the civil
disobedience movement, made salt despite the official prohibition and took the
Independence Pledge in public meetings. During the no-tax campaign, their land
and property were confiscated. they lost economically but grew in moral stature. | <urn:uuid:9c92cdee-63f4-4399-af3d-4a292cd6f252> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.mkgandhi.org/bahurupi/chap16.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281151.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00115-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.966846 | 2,417 | 2.96875 | 3 |
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
|Title:||Anglo-Chinese trade and finance 1854-1914.|
|Authors:||Wong, Kwai Lam.|
|Presented at:||University of Leicester|
|Abstract:||The intention of this thesis is to study the underlying trends of Anglo-Chinese trade and finance-in the period 18514 to 1914. Before the mid-l890s, commercial relations between Britain and China were mainly based on an exchange of goods. Even though large scale portfolio investment began to flow to China from the l850s, it was mainly used to improve efficiency in Anglo-Chinese trading operations. This characteristic is not difficult to explain because for three decades after the signing of the Treaty of Nanking in 1842, Anglo-Chinese import and export trades flourished. After the mid-l870s, the goldengage of the Chinese trade was gone: the British and European markets for Chinese tea and silk dwindled; British exports to China stagnated whilst the expansion of Indian opium exports to China was seriously undermined by local Chinese production. Meanwhile, the opening of the Suez Canal and the construction of Europe- China telegraph resulted in an increase in the number of merchants with small capitals who impaired the virtual control of the Chinese trade by the 'prince firms' the prominent merchants. The situation turned from bad to worse in the nineties. Although British exports to China began to increase after mass inflation in Chinese export and import prices cast serious doubts upon genuine commercial expansion. Faced with a black future for the Anglo-Chinese import and export trades, some 'princes' tried to shift their activities to become Chinese government and railway loan contractors. With direct British diplomatic support, they succeeded in getting the bulk of the Chinese financial projects and with London supplying the capital required, British portfolio investment in China - and mainly in areas not directly concerned with the import and export trades - increased sharply after the mid-l890s and the structure of Anglo-Chinese trade and finance underwent fundamental changes.|
|Rights:||Copyright © the author. All rights reserved.|
|Appears in Collections:||Theses, School of Historical Studies|
Items in LRA are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated. | <urn:uuid:844afdea-75ff-4e37-b081-d0a806fee4ca> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://lra.le.ac.uk/handle/2381/35606 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280128.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00389-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.925444 | 474 | 2.265625 | 2 |
New York - It's an article of faith in the credit markets that certain fundamental forces propel the yields on government debt, specifically economic growth, state spending, inflation and central bank guidance.
Not so, says HSBC Holdings fixed-income analysts led by Steven Major. Instead, high debt levels, demographic forces and wealth inequality overwhelm the traditional forces cited for the feared unravelling of the bond market's 35-year bull run this year.
"We show that many of the common rules of thumb or ‘heuristics’ that are applied to bond yields are simply false," Major wrote in a client note this week. Major and his team believe that while Treasuries reflect key economic data, it's not clear that they're still the principal drivers of yields. | <urn:uuid:2ed6519c-d0e9-43c1-ac41-f56d78c09836> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.news24.com/fin24/markets/bonds/everything-you-thought-you-knew-about-bond-yields-is-wrong-hsbc-20170201 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570871.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808183040-20220808213040-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.952939 | 156 | 1.765625 | 2 |
Monday, 26th January 2015
In General Japan News,
Japan gets ready for plum festivals
Across Japan, numerous temples and shrines are undergoing preparations for the start of spring, with the flowering of the plum trees in February being a major date in the nation's calendar.
During the second month of the year, plum - or ume - matsuri are held at dozens of major places of worship as the Japanese go to parks and other outdoor areas in droves to enjoy the blossoms.
Considered something of a warm-up for the impending madness that is the sakura cherry blossoms in April, the ume matsuri make February an exceptionally pleasant time of year to be in Japan.
Ume season varies dramatically depending on where abouts you plan to visit in Japan as the southern parts of the country start to see the weather turning first. Tokyo is among the first to get the flowers, with its parks showing bursts of colour as early as the first week of February.
Koishikawa Korakuen, a landscape garden in the middle of the capital, is one of the best places to witness the flowering. A festival is held annually from February 8th which includes refreshment booths selling all manner of plum foods, such as plum yokan sweets, plum daifuku buns, and ripe plum madeleines.
Other popular spots include Hanegi Park, which holds an ume matsuri at about the same time of year. Koto instrument performances, haiku classes, outdoor matcha tea ceremonies, tea ceremonies, rice cake pounding, and other events can be attended at weekends in February and March.
Spring is undoubtedly one of the most magical times to be in Japan, with the country celebrating renewal and rejuvenation as the temperatures warm up. | <urn:uuid:db66a53e-2e46-41b9-8ad2-5a34cfcd1e81> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.insidejapantours.com/japan-news/3496/japan-gets-ready-for-plum-festivals/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282926.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00396-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961278 | 362 | 2.125 | 2 |
Vatican News staff writer
The Permanent Council of the Canadian Conference of Catholic Bishops (CCCB) released a statement on Friday noting its support to Bishops of Saskatchewan who are have issued an “Appeal for Support of Healing and Reconciliation” in favor of the Indigenous Peoples of Canada. The project aims to generate fundraising to promote healing and reconciliation. It also foresees cemeteries on the sites of former residential schools, as well as educational and cultural support. The goal of the campaign, according to the Bishops of Saskatchewan, is to "support Indian Residential School survivors and their communities, and to engage more deeply in our own ongoing commitment and response to the Truth and Reconciliation process."
In the statement, the Bishops of Canada express once again how they “are profoundly saddened by the Residential Schools legacy” and they renew their commitment “to working with Indigenous Peoples and communities towards a greater understanding of the priorities of healing and reconciliation and how to address them together.”
The statement notes now Bishops from across the country have communicated their readiness to participate in local and regional fundraising activities, which will be coordinated after further planning and consultations.
The CCB Permanent Council emphasized that “The work of healing and reconciliation with Indigenous Peoples is of fundamental importance to our local and national Catholic communities and to all of us as Canadians. By renewing our commitment to work together with them, the Church in Canada pledges solidarity with the Indigenous communities of this land.”
In conclusion, the Council writes, “We lift up our prayers to the Lord for the support and healing of Residential School survivors, their communities, and intergenerational wounds still present.”
Canadians have been shocked by the discovery of more than a 1,000 unmarked graves of indigenous children discovered in the grounds of former residential schools, Catholic and Christian-run institutions funded by the government in the past century. The nation is investigating the matter through a Truth and Reconciliation Commission. | <urn:uuid:03ba4ccd-2c5e-4d50-94ad-c7492af15f01> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.vaticannews.va/en/church/news/2021-07/canadian-bishops-convey-commitment-to-healing-and-reconciliation.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817001643-20220817031643-00271.warc.gz | en | 0.959899 | 408 | 1.578125 | 2 |
"Nobody understands quantum mechanics"
|Intuitively, we expect physical quantities such as energy to be continuous and single-valued, like a dimmer switch. At very small scales, however, they are both discrete and multivalued, like a light switch that can be on and off at the same time.
Of all the scientific theories that have broken out into public consciousness, none have ranged as far as quantum mechanics. This subject is sometimes presented as an erudite abstraction, as a smokescreen of uncertainty, as an almost mystical philosophy or as evidence that physicists have lost their minds. It's rarely said that quantum mechanics makes sense.
There is good reason for that. Quantum mechanics is as hard to believe as anything can be while being demonstrably true. Feynman's famous quote, "I think I can safely say that nobody understands quantum mechanics," is sometimes taken out of context as suggesting that if you think you get it, you don't. This defeatist attitude is unnecessary. Quantum mechanics is bizarre, but it can be understood.
The rules of quantum mechanics are logical, yet unfamiliar. For example, we expect a physical quantity like the position of a particle to be a single number, something that could be measured by a ruler. It is here and not there. That number may vary continuously as the particle moves, and it may be imprecisely known if we have not measured it well, but we intuitively expect it to be a specific number at a specific time.
What physicists have learned is that the position of a particle is not a single number: It is multivalued. The particle is here and there in a way that can be quantified, called the wavefunction. We imagine the wavefunction as a blob filling space, describing the degree to which the particle is in each place: thicker here, thinner there. It can be measured and charted, but our brains don't like it because we evolved to manipulate the macroscopic world, everything larger than a splinter and smaller than a mammoth. Studying quantum mechanics forces us beyond our comfort zone, to apprehend something truly alien and shed our macrocentrism.
When I first learned about quantum mechanics, I was bothered by the crispness of quantum properties almost as much as their fuzziness. Not only is the energy of a particle multivalued, but each of those values is a whole number, never a fraction. It is as though the sliding dimmer light of our intuition has been replaced by an on-off switch with no middle value, but one that can be 30 percent on and 70 percent off, or any other ratio. Quantities have surprisingly little freedom in what values they can take, but surprisingly much freedom in how many they can take at once.
This is the first in a four-part series on quantum mechanics. In the next article, I will present the time paradoxes, followed by wave-particle duality and an overview of how we know what we know. | <urn:uuid:66147777-b3bf-454c-90d9-46aa63d80073> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.fnal.gov/pub/today/archive/archive_2014/today14-01-24.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281226.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00376-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.967758 | 610 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Mobile-Free Life – 9 Pathways to Retaking Control of Your Lives, Loves, and Relationships
Distraction is a killer!
Distraction kills both people and relationships. The evidence for this is mounting daily; ignore it at your peril. The average amount of time spent in the cyber world by each of us is between five and six hours per day. Hey, I’m not looking at my smartphone or tablet that much! So, someone else must be doing my share on top of their own.
Texting while driving is an epidemic in our country today. One in four accidents is caused by it, resulting in 330,000 serious injuries. It’s scary, isn’t it? Studies in performance psychology consistently show youngsters underperforming in exams when their smartphone is on the desk – not switched on, not used, just available and within reach – in comparison with when it is absent.
In business, the smartphone is ubiquitous, which means that we are all less productive than we can be. Because our attention is divided between “here and now” and “there and then,” our interpersonal communication and relationships are suffering hugely. But it doesn’t have to be this way. Here are 9 pathways to greater control over your life and loves.
1. Meditate at least once a day. Close your eyes, breathe deeply, focus inwards, and be uncoupled from all the usual stuff. Allow your unconscious mind to innovate.
2. Be mindful of the proven side effects your smartphone has on you, both physically and emotionally. Be aware of stress so that you can combat it. When you find yourself squeezing and scrolling frenetically, take a deep breath, count to ten, and start again.
3. Focus on your purpose in going to your devices. When you realize you are multitasking in ways such as talking and typing, or texting and driving, just stop with the secondary task. Get back to the primary job in hand. You’ll do a much better job of it and hopefully live to tell the tale.
4. Be sure to listen and respond with empathy when you are talking on Skype or WhatsApp, etc. Concentrate on the voice tone in your ear and their silences. Check your understanding of the messages they are sending you. Deal with others as you want to be dealt with.
5. Censor your desire to check your phone when in the company of others. When it rings or vibrates, you may experience the fear of missing out on “something.” The feeling will pass, and the world will keep on turning. Nothing is more important than authentic communication with the person in front of you.
6. Limit and schedule time for your device usage. It’s only a tool! A means to your ends. Every time you find yourself reaching out to the Internet, ask yourself, “is this the best way to accomplish this task?” Each small step will loosen the bonds that ensnare your mind.
7. Share your rationale with any people you interact with if there is a pressing personal or business need to be available. Never place your device between you and your colleagues, family, or friends. Rather, say something up front like; “There’s a chance I may have to take a call. Please excuse me if that happens while we’re talking.”
8. Dare I say, stop it with the selfies and the food pictures? Think of the time and resources involved in posting, replying, and checking. What could you do instead? How about check in with a customer? Or call your partner or parents, to let them know you are thinking of them. Every minute spent online is one NOT spent on authentic interaction with people in front of you.
9. Recognize you are addicted to your device if IT sleeps nearby. If it’s the last thing you see at night and the first thing you reach for in the morning, then you are in trouble. Time to wean yourself from checking emails or social media at every opportunity. More than once a day is an expensive habit. The bedroom is no place for smartphones. Be mindful of two things: 1) We all need a calm state of mind to achieve restorative sleep. 2) We are at our best and most creative immediately after sleep. Take time to listen to your thoughts before plunging into the cyber whirl.
Smartphones, the Internet, and social media are here to stay. They are fantastic modern servo-mechanisms. But there is also danger in them when we become their slaves. The answer to this postmodern dilemma is mindfulness, pure and simple. So, retake control and have a wonderful, mobile-free life!
#MobileFree #Life #Pathways #Retaking #Control #Lives #Loves #Relationships | <urn:uuid:3be2d252-6017-47ab-abbd-b11189ef7aca> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://tvsubtitles.info/199664-mobile-free-life-9-pathways-to-retaking-control-of-your-lives-loves-and-relationships-still-2022.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573760.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819191655-20220819221655-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.945975 | 1,012 | 1.757813 | 2 |
On the surface, it seems like a pretty easy question to answer: Should Florida allow more cancer-causing chemicals to pollute its water? But then again, this is Gov. Rick Scott's Sunshine State, where concerns like "public health" often take a back seat to corporate cronyism.
Critics say that's exactly why a Scott-appointed board in Tallahassee is likely to vote today to allow significant increases in known carcinogens in state waterways.
"What we have is a governor who has his agency playing God with our lives," Linda Young, director of the Florida Clean Water Network, tells New Times
. "I don't think there's anyone out there other than the polluters and the politicians who benefit financially from them who think we need to dump more toxic chemicals in our water supply."
Of course, that's not how the Florida Department of Environmental Protection paints the issue. DEP's spokesperson tells the Miami Herald that the change is about updating out-of-date standards
. The state's current standards for chemicals in the water haven't been updated since 1992, and since then, DEP has developed its own computer safety models.
The new standards, which will be voted on today by the Environmental Regulatory Commission, would in fact impose tougher limits on some toxic chemicals, including cyanide and beryllium.
But Young and other critics say that overall, the new standards would vastly weaken the rules for many other dangerous drugs, including carcinogens such as benzene, which is a byproduct of fracking operations. The state would allow nearly double the federal limit on benzene under the new rules.
DEP hasn't allowed environmentalists access to its computer models, Young says, so there's no way to know how the department has reached the conclusion that these toxicity levels would be safe in Florida.
"DEP has this whole statistical computer method that's not available to anyone else," Young says. "You just don't know how bad your risk level is."
Even worse, the board that will vote on the change today is stocked entirely with five business-friendly Scott appointees, Young says. Two vital slots are unfilled on the commission: the environmental representative and a local community rep. "We have five people all appointed by Scott, all representing business interests and not the public interest," she says.
What the change is really about, Young argues, is giving big industries such as fracking carte blanche to pollute despite the health risks.
"We have a governor who hates regulation, and we have his agency that is doing his bidding," Young says. "This is wrong, and it's bad public policy. Scott is saying, 'I don't care if there are millions of people at much greater risk of cancer.'" | <urn:uuid:0413827a-210b-4975-be69-fb8284964ab6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.miaminewtimes.com/news/florida-could-allow-more-cancer-causing-chemicals-in-state-water-8631080 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00474.warc.gz | en | 0.978978 | 562 | 2.125 | 2 |
Each year in the air transport industry, the HSE receives incident reports of employees injuring themselves through manual handling. The majority of these injuries result from baggage handling.
Other work activities, such as cargo handling, pushing/pulling work equipment such as aircraft steps/baggage dollies etc are also high-risk in relation to employees sustaining a MSD.
Employees are also at risk of sustaining a MSD when assisting disabled or reduced mobility passengers unless this activity is suitably managed.
These simple measures should help to reduce the risk of MSD.
This case study is provided by Liverpool John Lennon Airport who adapted a motorised electric tug to assist in moving aircraft steps. | <urn:uuid:6f5c706e-1456-4cef-b483-e6b529917afd> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.hse.gov.uk/airtransport/topics/manualhand.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281574.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00018-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.953325 | 139 | 1.882813 | 2 |
Whether you’re the owner of an EV Charge Point or looking to add a public EV charging station to your commercial property, here are just a few things you should know about how an EV charger works.
What Is an EV Charger?
Simply put, an EV (electric vehicle) charger is a charging station that supplies electrical power for electric and hybrid vehicles. The equipment supplies electrical power
Electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, like any other charging item or electronic equipment, require a charger to keep the battery charged. This is where the EV charger solves this issue.
How Does EV Charging Work?
Without getting too technical, the important electrical currents are divided into two types: alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC).
An EV charger, just like any appliance or item that you charge by plugging into a socket (e.g. your mobile phone), draws an electrical current from an outlet or the grid to which it is connected and transfers that power to the car. Your car will tell the charger when the battery is full, to stop it from charging.
EV Car Charger Port Types
Similar to mobile phone chargers, EV car charger connector ports fit into the socket on your vehicle. Depending on which vehicle you own along with the power rating (speed) of the chargepoint you have, different connectors will fit into your car socket, much like a USB-c vs Apple charger - i.e. the socket is the same for each, but the cable is specific to the car type.
Type 1 and Type 2 AC vehicle-side connections are often used for top-up charging at home, work, and stationary destinations. For slow/fast charging, electric cars feature a Type 1 or Type 2 connector, as well as CHAdeMO or CCS for DC quick charging. To charge on public networks, most EV drivers purchase a portable charging cable that fits their vehicle's Type 1 or Type 2 socket.
EV charging is divided into three Phases (sometimes called Levels); Phase 1, Phase 2, and Phase 3. The general rule of thumb is the higher the Phase the higher the Phase, the more power it produces and the faster it charges.
What are the Most Common Electric Car Charger Types?
Despite popular belief, Type 3 chargers are rather uncommon in the United Kingdom. Three-phase power is rare in houses, but it is found in a few bigger commercial buildings. The majority of public charging stations currently in use are single-phase 7kW units.
Because practically all EVs can charge on a Type 2 unit, at least with the right cable, it is by far the most popular public charging standard, and almost all plug-in vehicle owners will have a cable with a Type 2 connection charger-side.
CCS vehicle connectors are the most common type of quick or ultra-rapid charging connection on public charging stations since public stations are usually used as a quick stop and go spot.
Type 1 EV Charger VS Type 2 EV Charge Point
So, what is the distinction between Type 1 and Type 2 EV charging points? It's rather simple. Whether you use it at home or take it with you for on the go top ups, the cable you use to connect your vehicle to your charging point will have either a Type 1 or Type 2 end which will slot into your vehicle.
The Type 1 plug has 5 pins and contains a lock that holds the plug in place and prevents it from being removed from the charger socket, however the Type 2 chargers, which have a 7-pin design, do not. Vehicles that use Type 2 plugs, on the other hand, include a locking pin that locates and locks the plug in place.
The Type 2 charge point is the more universal of the two since it is able to fit all standard charge point sockets. This type is commonly used for charging EVs at home, work and on the go locations with a typical power rating of 3.7kW, 7kW, 22kW (three-phase).
Type 2 cables feature an inbuilt locking mechanism that interacts with the vehicle to provide a smooth charging procedure. The car 'knows' it's connected in, and additional resistor functions keep the power supply consistent, sensing the cable's strength and drawing power appropriately. When the lever on the Type 1 cable is pushed to unlatch the plug, the resistors in the cable detect if the cable is plugged in and switch off the charger.
Type 1 charging cables are single-phase meaning they have a typical power rating of 3.7kW or 7kW which limits them when compared to Type 2 charging cables that are available in single or three-phase.
These two types of charging ports are installed in EVs and hybrids and many newer cars coming to the market are now equipped with Type 2 ports.
The Type 2 chargepoint socket is universal and is typically used for top-up charging at home, work and destinations. It can be thought of in a similar way to the wall socket for charging iPhones or Android phones (i.e. the socket is the same for each, but the cable is specific to the car/phone type).
- Type 1 charge points feature a 5 pin design, no automatic locking mechanism and are single phase (3.7kW or 7kW) only.
- Type 2 charge points have 7 pins, are universal (as long as you have the right cable) and can carry 3 phase power (3.7kW, 7kW, 22kW).
What is an EV CSS Charger?
CCS chargers are essentially the enhanced version of the Type 2 charger. CCS is an abbreviation for Combined Charging System which is a direct current (DC) charging connector. What makes CCS chargers better than Type 1 and Type 2 EV chargers is the fact that they have two additional power contacts for the purposes of quick charging and can support both AC and DC charging power levels. It should be noted that rapid chargers do not always charge at their full power rating in order to safeguard the battery.
By utilising communications pins, CCS charging connectors integrate AC and DC inlets. Since these pins are all in one socket, the charging ports for vehicles equipped with CCS are smaller than non CCS vehicles which can require additional socket space for an additional AC socket.
An array of vehicles can use CCS chargers for rapid charging, ranging through Kia e-Niro, Volkswagen e-Golf, and Jaguar I-Pace. As such, CCS charging is typically used for en route rapid charging, with three types of DC (direct current) car-side connectors available. Every DC rapid charging station comes equipped with cables to suit CHAdeMO and CCS connectors and so all you need to do is select which one suits your car socket.
EV Charging Point KW
Electric vehicle charging is measured in kilowatts (kW). The charging speed can be limited by your battery capability in your vehicle or the charger you are using. Home charging outlets give roughly 15-30 miles of range per hour of charge at 3.6kW or 7kW which is stronger than a 2.3kW 3 pin plug, providing up to 8 miles an hour.
The maximum charging rate for most home premises is 7kW due to single phase electricity. While quicker charging stations (such as a 22kW unit) are available, they are often found in commercial premises that have access to three phase electricity.
The onboard charger in your car may limit the maximum charging speed. If your automobile is capable of 3.6kW charging, utilising a 7kW charger will not harm it.
In 2022, an electric car is by far the more sustainable option when it comes to living a greener lifestyle. Emitting far less in emissions than diesel and petrol engine vehicles, EV options are the future with an expected 230m electric vehicles worldwide by 2030!
Here at Manta Power we have handpicked the best EV charge points out there meaning there is a charge point below to match your budget, location and aesthetic.
Don’t hesitate to get in touch with us if you have any questions or simply want to know more. | <urn:uuid:e6701e8c-7d0d-44d4-9d07-ca79b82a7e18> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.mantapower.co.uk/resource/types-of-ev-car-chargers | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571502.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811194507-20220811224507-00073.warc.gz | en | 0.943263 | 1,698 | 3.09375 | 3 |
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