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PMID:24332 | Orungo virus, an orbivirus from Africa: effects of physical and chemical agents. | Orungo virus is relatively sensitive to lipid solvents and sodium deoxycholate. It is readily inactivated at 37 degrees C and above, by u.v. irradiation, BP and formalin. Orungo virus is ph 3.0 labile, but stable at ph range of 5.0-7.0. Multiplication of Orungo virus in BHK-21 cell cultures is not affected in the prese... | Orungo virus, an orbivirus from Africa: effects of physical and chemical agents. Orungo virus is relatively sensitive to lipid solvents and sodium deoxycholate. It is readily inactivated at 37 degrees C and above, by u.v. irradiation, BP and formalin. Orungo virus is ph 3.0 labile, but stable at ph range of 5.0-7.0. Mu... | [
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PMID:24334 | Pulmonary function following feeding in low-birth-weight infants. | Determination of functional residual capacity, arterial gas tensions and pH, and arterial-alveolar differences was carried out in a group of nondistressed premature infants to determine if significant alterations in lung volumes or ventilation perfusion relationships sufficiently large to cause cyanosis could be detect... | Pulmonary function following feeding in low-birth-weight infants. Determination of functional residual capacity, arterial gas tensions and pH, and arterial-alveolar differences was carried out in a group of nondistressed premature infants to determine if significant alterations in lung volumes or ventilation perfusion ... | [
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PMID:24335 | Toxic epidermal necrolysis from graft-vs-host disease. Occurrence in a patient with thymic hypoplasia. | An infant with diarrhea, failure to thrive, and a seborrhea-like skin eruption was thought to have fatal familial Leiner's syndrome. Treatment with nonirradiated plasma was followed by graft-vs-host disease and fatal toxic epidermal necrolysis; thymic hypoplasia was found at autopsy. Accurate diagnosis of immunodeficie... | Toxic epidermal necrolysis from graft-vs-host disease. Occurrence in a patient with thymic hypoplasia. An infant with diarrhea, failure to thrive, and a seborrhea-like skin eruption was thought to have fatal familial Leiner's syndrome. Treatment with nonirradiated plasma was followed by graft-vs-host disease and fatal ... | [
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PMID:24337 | Diagnosis and treatment of diffuse ileojejunitis. | Thirteen patients with diffuse ileojejunitis have been diagnosed and treated by us over the past ten years. The disease bears close resemblance to Crohn's disease and may represent a variant of it. No clearcut relationship to celiac sprue was observed in this group of patients. Therapeutic success was obtained in the m... | Diagnosis and treatment of diffuse ileojejunitis. Thirteen patients with diffuse ileojejunitis have been diagnosed and treated by us over the past ten years. The disease bears close resemblance to Crohn's disease and may represent a variant of it. No clearcut relationship to celiac sprue was observed in this group of p... | [
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PMID:24338 | H2 receptor antagonists. | The uses of the histamine H2 receptor antagonists (H2 antagonists) in the management of peptic ulcer disease and the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome are reviewed. Drugs included in the discussion are burimamide, metiamide and cimetidine. The secretion and the pharmacology of the H2 antagonists are described. A discussion of... | H2 receptor antagonists. The uses of the histamine H2 receptor antagonists (H2 antagonists) in the management of peptic ulcer disease and the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome are reviewed. Drugs included in the discussion are burimamide, metiamide and cimetidine. The secretion and the pharmacology of the H2 antagonists are d... | [
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PMID:24339 | Pharmacists' knowledge and attitudes regarding monitoring the behaviors of children with learning disabilities. | The attitudes and knowledge of pharmacists in Nebraska regarding children's learning disabilities were surveyed by questionnaire. One hundred thirty-three pharmacists responded. The results were analyzed according to type of practice (community, chain and hospital) and age (20--30 years, 31--40 years, 41--50 years, and... | Pharmacists' knowledge and attitudes regarding monitoring the behaviors of children with learning disabilities. The attitudes and knowledge of pharmacists in Nebraska regarding children's learning disabilities were surveyed by questionnaire. One hundred thirty-three pharmacists responded. The results were analyzed acco... | [
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PMID:24341 | Development of neurohumoral control of fetal, neonatal, and adult cardiovascular functions. | Neurohumoral control of fetal, neonatal, and adult cardiovascular functions have been reviewed. Resting fetal heart rate remains fairly constant but neonatal heart rate declines progressively, reaching adult levels within six to eight weeks; systemic arterial pressure rises while pulmonary pressure falls to adult level... | Development of neurohumoral control of fetal, neonatal, and adult cardiovascular functions. Neurohumoral control of fetal, neonatal, and adult cardiovascular functions have been reviewed. Resting fetal heart rate remains fairly constant but neonatal heart rate declines progressively, reaching adult levels within six to... | [
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PMID:24342 | Immune complexes of hepatitis B surface antigen in the pathogenesis of periarteritis nodosa. A study of seven necropsy cases. | In 7 unselected necropsy cases of clinically diagnosed periarteritis nodosa, the detection of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) in the cytoplasm and nuclei of hepatocytes indicated an ongoing infection with hepititis B virus (HBV). In all these cases histologic changes found in th... | Immune complexes of hepatitis B surface antigen in the pathogenesis of periarteritis nodosa. A study of seven necropsy cases. In 7 unselected necropsy cases of clinically diagnosed periarteritis nodosa, the detection of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) in the cytoplasm and nuclei... | [
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PMID:24343 | Tumor induction in host-versus-graft disease. I. Clinical and pathologic features. | Perinatal C57BL/1 mice given injections of (SJL/J X C57BL/1)F1 spleen cells developed a highly lethal runting syndrome, designated host-versus-graft disease (HVGD). The mortality was related to the dosage of F1 cells. Acute pathologic changes resembled those occurring in parent leads to F1 graft-versus-host disease (GV... | Tumor induction in host-versus-graft disease. I. Clinical and pathologic features. Perinatal C57BL/1 mice given injections of (SJL/J X C57BL/1)F1 spleen cells developed a highly lethal runting syndrome, designated host-versus-graft disease (HVGD). The mortality was related to the dosage of F1 cells. Acute pathologic ch... | [
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PMID:24345 | Association of increased pHi with calcium ion release in skeletal muscle. | The pH difference across the cell membrane of frog sartorius muscle cells was measured with the distribution of 5,5-dimethyl-2,4-oxazolidine-dione (DMO) as the marker. Depolarization of the muscles to values at or below the contraction threshold caused by elevating external potassium up to approximately 20 mM resulted ... | Association of increased pHi with calcium ion release in skeletal muscle. The pH difference across the cell membrane of frog sartorius muscle cells was measured with the distribution of 5,5-dimethyl-2,4-oxazolidine-dione (DMO) as the marker. Depolarization of the muscles to values at or below the contraction threshold ... | [
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PMID:24346 | Na+ transport by mammalian stomach. | Gastric mucosas from newborn pigs (0--20 days) and rabbits (0--20 days) were used for in vitro investigation of active Na+ transport during resting (no HCl secretion) conditions. As measured with 22Na+, these tissues actively absorb Na+ from the mucosal-to serosal (m-t-s) bathing solution during both open-circuit and s... | Na+ transport by mammalian stomach. Gastric mucosas from newborn pigs (0--20 days) and rabbits (0--20 days) were used for in vitro investigation of active Na+ transport during resting (no HCl secretion) conditions. As measured with 22Na+, these tissues actively absorb Na+ from the mucosal-to serosal (m-t-s) bathing sol... | [
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PMID:24347 | Norepinephrine: hormone and neurotransmitter in man. | To determine whether norepinephrine could subserve a hormonal as well as a neurotransmitter function, norepinephrine was infused for 60 min into each of five normal young men in doses of 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, and 5.0 microgram/min. After infusion, the plasma norepinephrine concentration fell with a mean (+/-SD) half-time... | Norepinephrine: hormone and neurotransmitter in man. To determine whether norepinephrine could subserve a hormonal as well as a neurotransmitter function, norepinephrine was infused for 60 min into each of five normal young men in doses of 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, and 5.0 microgram/min. After infusion, the plasma norepineph... | [
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PMID:24348 | Acetazolamide and renal ammoniagenesis. | The effect of acetazolamide on ammonia-producing enzyme systems was determined in vitro at concentrations comparable to those which have been shown to abolish ammonium excretion in vivo. No change in the activity of glutaminase or gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase could be observed at concentrations up to 0.2 mM acetazolam... | Acetazolamide and renal ammoniagenesis. The effect of acetazolamide on ammonia-producing enzyme systems was determined in vitro at concentrations comparable to those which have been shown to abolish ammonium excretion in vivo. No change in the activity of glutaminase or gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase could be observed a... | [
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PMID:24349 | Cerebral blood flow in birds: effect of hypoxia. | The effect of hypoxia on cerebral blood flow in ducks was investigated by the rate at which arterially injected xenon-133 was cleared from the duck's brain. A two-component clearance curve resulted, which we have attributed to flow through the grey and white matter. Decreasing the arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) to 75 m... | Cerebral blood flow in birds: effect of hypoxia. The effect of hypoxia on cerebral blood flow in ducks was investigated by the rate at which arterially injected xenon-133 was cleared from the duck's brain. A two-component clearance curve resulted, which we have attributed to flow through the grey and white matter. Decr... | [
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PMID:24350 | Altered hemodynamic responses to acute hypoxemia in spontaneously hypertensive rats. | Conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), 5--7 wk old, were studied hemodynamically by the direct Fick procedure to determine whether high total peripheral resistance (TPR) coexisted with increased oxygen consumption (QO2) at an early stage of hypertension development. Since under resting conditions cardiac outp... | Altered hemodynamic responses to acute hypoxemia in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), 5--7 wk old, were studied hemodynamically by the direct Fick procedure to determine whether high total peripheral resistance (TPR) coexisted with increased oxygen consumption (QO2) at an... | [
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PMID:24351 | Controlling the highest lactate dehydrogenase activity known in nature. | In the shipjack, Euthynnus pelamis, white muscle appears to possess a powerful anaerobic capacity as well as a significant carbohydrate based aerobic potential. Lactate dehydrogenase occurs at higher activities than found thus far anywhere else in nature and clearly functions in anaerobic glycolysis. Alpha-glycerophosp... | Controlling the highest lactate dehydrogenase activity known in nature. In the shipjack, Euthynnus pelamis, white muscle appears to possess a powerful anaerobic capacity as well as a significant carbohydrate based aerobic potential. Lactate dehydrogenase occurs at higher activities than found thus far anywhere else in ... | [
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PMID:24353 | Gastric mucosal defense mechanisms: effects of salicylate and histamine. | Some of the recent concepts about the gastric mucosal defense mechanisms against damage by luminal acid and the effects of histamine and salicylate on these mechanisms are reviewed. The mucosal barrier to acid appears to consist of at least two physiologic components: a permeability mechanism and a metabolic mechanism ... | Gastric mucosal defense mechanisms: effects of salicylate and histamine. Some of the recent concepts about the gastric mucosal defense mechanisms against damage by luminal acid and the effects of histamine and salicylate on these mechanisms are reviewed. The mucosal barrier to acid appears to consist of at least two ph... | [
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PMID:24354 | The neurohumoral response to trauma. | The bodily response to injury is an integrated and protective mechanism involving all systems, and hence it should be considered as a whole. The nervous system, especially the psychic center of the cerebral cortex, seems to initiate these responses. In the present study the neurohumoral response to trauma was assessed ... | The neurohumoral response to trauma. The bodily response to injury is an integrated and protective mechanism involving all systems, and hence it should be considered as a whole. The nervous system, especially the psychic center of the cerebral cortex, seems to initiate these responses. In the present study the neurohum... | [
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PMID:24356 | [Comparative investigations concerning the influence of pilocarpine and aceclidine on the glucose consumption of surviving ocular tissues (author's transl)]. | Conservative glaucoma therapy repeated during a whole lifetime raises the question of medicamentuous tolerance. Recently, cultivation of normal lens epithelia and of iris tissue has made possible determination of metabolic functions with and without application of different medicaments. Preceding experiments revealed a... | [Comparative investigations concerning the influence of pilocarpine and aceclidine on the glucose consumption of surviving ocular tissues (author's transl)]. Conservative glaucoma therapy repeated during a whole lifetime raises the question of medicamentuous tolerance. Recently, cultivation of normal lens epithelia and... | [
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PMID:24357 | Plasma lorazepam levels. A study following single dose administration of 2 and 4 mg by different routes. | Plasma lorazepam levels were studied following single doses of 2 mg and 4 mg in patients and volunteers. There was a slightly more rapid uptake of drug following deep intramuscular injection than when taken by mouth. Plasma levels declined rapidly following intravenous injection (t1/2 of approximately 2-3 hours). Two h... | Plasma lorazepam levels. A study following single dose administration of 2 and 4 mg by different routes. Plasma lorazepam levels were studied following single doses of 2 mg and 4 mg in patients and volunteers. There was a slightly more rapid uptake of drug following deep intramuscular injection than when taken by mouth... | [
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PMID:24376 | [Metabolism of glucides and polyols and disorders of their utilization]. | The first part of this report is devoted to a description of the metabolic pathways of the principle carbohydrates and polyols. The second part is concerned with the utilisation of these energy-providing substrates, when used in parenteral alimentation. Notions emerge of "total clearance" and of coefficient of utilisat... | [Metabolism of glucides and polyols and disorders of their utilization]. The first part of this report is devoted to a description of the metabolic pathways of the principle carbohydrates and polyols. The second part is concerned with the utilisation of these energy-providing substrates, when used in parenteral aliment... | [
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PMID:24377 | [Glucide intolerance and its pathogenic mechanisms during parenteral feeding]. | Hyperglycaemia during parenteral alimentation occurs either as a result of an error in the supplies provided or as a result of diminished carbohydrate tolerance. The circumstances surrounding the development of carbohydrate intolerance are essentially : severe infections, major catabolic states, renal insufficiency, ex... | [Glucide intolerance and its pathogenic mechanisms during parenteral feeding]. Hyperglycaemia during parenteral alimentation occurs either as a result of an error in the supplies provided or as a result of diminished carbohydrate tolerance. The circumstances surrounding the development of carbohydrate intolerance are e... | [
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PMID:24375 | Neonatal gastric pH. | The pH of gastric juice, obtained 3 to 4 minutes after birth in 158 unselected neonates, varied between 7.5 and 8.5 in 8 meconium-containing specimens and ranged from 1.4 to 7.8 in 150 meconium-free samples. In mature infants of the latter group, pH was (1) significantly lower after vaginal delivery than after cesarean... | Neonatal gastric pH. The pH of gastric juice, obtained 3 to 4 minutes after birth in 158 unselected neonates, varied between 7.5 and 8.5 in 8 meconium-containing specimens and ranged from 1.4 to 7.8 in 150 meconium-free samples. In mature infants of the latter group, pH was (1) significantly lower after vaginal deliver... | [
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PMID:24380 | [Circulating lipids in prolonged postoperative parenteral feeding: their changes depending on the nature of energy intake]. | Repeated estimations of circulating total lipids and various fractions were made during the postoperative period in patients receiving parenteral nutrition for more than ten days. The patients were paired in relation to the underlying pathology and divided into two group : the first receiving energy supplements in the ... | [Circulating lipids in prolonged postoperative parenteral feeding: their changes depending on the nature of energy intake]. Repeated estimations of circulating total lipids and various fractions were made during the postoperative period in patients receiving parenteral nutrition for more than ten days. The patients wer... | [
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PMID:24381 | [Fat overload during intake of lipids]. | A review of the recent literature indicates that fat overload during the infusion of lipid emulsions remains rare, at least clinically. Nevertheless, two pictures may be seen, the physiopathology of which is discussed:--overload syndrome, with an association essentially of general and digestive signs, related to the ac... | [Fat overload during intake of lipids]. A review of the recent literature indicates that fat overload during the infusion of lipid emulsions remains rare, at least clinically. Nevertheless, two pictures may be seen, the physiopathology of which is discussed:--overload syndrome, with an association essentially of genera... | [
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PMID:24382 | [Disorders of hemostasis during intake of lipids]. | Lipid emulsions based upon soya triglycerides and widely used in parenteral nutrition. Haematological surveillance of the patients, and in particular the study of coagulation, shows slight changes in platelet adhesiveness and a transient hypercoagulability state proportional to the concentration of the lipid emulsion. ... | [Disorders of hemostasis during intake of lipids]. Lipid emulsions based upon soya triglycerides and widely used in parenteral nutrition. Haematological surveillance of the patients, and in particular the study of coagulation, shows slight changes in platelet adhesiveness and a transient hypercoagulability state propor... | [
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PMID:24383 | [Blood coagulation during prolonged postoperative parenteral feeding containing lipids]. | Blood coagulation was studied in two groups of fifteen patients of the same type during parenteral nutrition lasting for more then ten days and given during the postoperative period. The first batch of patients, taken as a control group, received parenteral nutrition with carbohydrates and proteins, whilst the second g... | [Blood coagulation during prolonged postoperative parenteral feeding containing lipids]. Blood coagulation was studied in two groups of fifteen patients of the same type during parenteral nutrition lasting for more then ten days and given during the postoperative period. The first batch of patients, taken as a control ... | [
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PMID:24384 | [Cholestatic icterus during parenteral feeding in the newborn ano infants]. | The authors observed six cases of cholestatis jaundice occuring during parenteral alimentation in the newborn and the infant. In 4 cases, local factors (duodenal atresia, necrosing enteritis of prematurity) or general factors (mucoviscidosis) probably played an essential role. In two cases, the parenteral alimentation ... | [Cholestatic icterus during parenteral feeding in the newborn ano infants]. The authors observed six cases of cholestatis jaundice occuring during parenteral alimentation in the newborn and the infant. In 4 cases, local factors (duodenal atresia, necrosing enteritis of prematurity) or general factors (mucoviscidosis) p... | [
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PMID:24385 | [Prevention of metabolic complications in prolonged parenteral feeding]. | Modern technics in parenteral nutrition can prevent metabolic and infectious complications. Supplying a patient with a daily ration according to his needs in the form of either hyper or normo-nutrition serves as the basis for this prevention. All that is required for success is a deep venous approach and regular biolog... | [Prevention of metabolic complications in prolonged parenteral feeding]. Modern technics in parenteral nutrition can prevent metabolic and infectious complications. Supplying a patient with a daily ration according to his needs in the form of either hyper or normo-nutrition serves as the basis for this prevention. All ... | [
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PMID:24386 | [Metabolic disorders in experimental hepatic insufficiency and parenteral feeding]. | Anhepatia is a complete experimental model for the study of metabolic disturbances associated with hepatic insufficiency. The authors report their experience based upon 16 cases of total hepatectomy in the dog. The animals received different types of hepatic assistance : group 1 (2 dogs), carbohydrate assistance (gluco... | [Metabolic disorders in experimental hepatic insufficiency and parenteral feeding]. Anhepatia is a complete experimental model for the study of metabolic disturbances associated with hepatic insufficiency. The authors report their experience based upon 16 cases of total hepatectomy in the dog. The animals received diff... | [
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PMID:24387 | [Three cases of coma during parenteral alimentation]. | Three cases of coma occuring during parenteral alimentation are presented. The common factor was that they occurred during the phase of realimentation in patients with severely impaired nutrition. In two cases out of three, the coma marked the beginning of the absolute or relative anabolic period. They were studied cli... | [Three cases of coma during parenteral alimentation]. Three cases of coma occuring during parenteral alimentation are presented. The common factor was that they occurred during the phase of realimentation in patients with severely impaired nutrition. In two cases out of three, the coma marked the beginning of the absol... | [
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PMID:24388 | [Deficiencies in trace elements during parenteral alimentation]. | During recent years, techniques of parenteral alimentation have seen the development of complications due to deficiencies in trace elements. The main deficiency states described involve iron, copper and zinc. In addition to these three trace elements, manganèse and cobalt are included in this study. The metabolism, phy... | [Deficiencies in trace elements during parenteral alimentation]. During recent years, techniques of parenteral alimentation have seen the development of complications due to deficiencies in trace elements. The main deficiency states described involve iron, copper and zinc. In addition to these three trace elements, man... | [
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PMID:24389 | [Routine comparison of trace element deficiencies during parenteral alimentation]. | In 50 patients aged between 3 and 84 years treated in a multidisciplinary Intensive Care Unit and receiving parenteral alimentation, deficiency in certain trace elements or electrolytes (Cu++, Zn++, Mn++, Co++, PO-4, Mg++) was prevented or treated by the administration of a glucose solution (MB 147 G) enriched in trace... | [Routine comparison of trace element deficiencies during parenteral alimentation]. In 50 patients aged between 3 and 84 years treated in a multidisciplinary Intensive Care Unit and receiving parenteral alimentation, deficiency in certain trace elements or electrolytes (Cu++, Zn++, Mn++, Co++, PO-4, Mg++) was prevented ... | [
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PMID:24390 | [Hydrogen ion metabolism and parenteral alimentation]. | The necessity of using solutions and emulsions in parenteral nutrition of solutions directly utilisable by the cell has led to the manufactur of substances with a composition and physico-chemical nature which greatly alters H+ ions balance. Theoretical calculation and various experimental protocois have shown that the ... | [Hydrogen ion metabolism and parenteral alimentation]. The necessity of using solutions and emulsions in parenteral nutrition of solutions directly utilisable by the cell has led to the manufactur of substances with a composition and physico-chemical nature which greatly alters H+ ions balance. Theoretical calculation ... | [
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PMID:24391 | [Metabolic problems associated with ethanol administration]. | After reviewing the effects of ethanol on different metabolic processes, the author defines the doses of this alcohol which may be used in parenteral alimentation, its advantages and disadvantages. The latter in general outweigh the advantages and limit its use in parenteral nutrition. | [Metabolic problems associated with ethanol administration]. After reviewing the effects of ethanol on different metabolic processes, the author defines the doses of this alcohol which may be used in parenteral alimentation, its advantages and disadvantages. The latter in general outweigh the advantages and limit its u... | [
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PMID:24392 | [Inherited abnormalities in amino acid metabolism]. | Inherited abnormalities in amino-acid metabolism, which up to a few years ago remained curiosities in the domain of the specialist, are now becoming almost of everyday significance. Improved knowledge, as a result of the combined efforts of paediatricians, genetecists and biochemists, has led to substantial progress, b... | [Inherited abnormalities in amino acid metabolism]. Inherited abnormalities in amino-acid metabolism, which up to a few years ago remained curiosities in the domain of the specialist, are now becoming almost of everyday significance. Improved knowledge, as a result of the combined efforts of paediatricians, genetecists... | [
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PMID:24393 | [Biological and hormonal balance during oral nutrition, exclusive perenteral and mixed nutrition in children]. | Exclusive parenteral nutrition and mixed feeding provided by the infusion of a solution of amino-acids, glucose and trace elements by a drip method, result in changes in biological and hormonal balance which have been compared with balance in the child on normal oral feeding. The 24-hour cortisol cycle tends to be atte... | [Biological and hormonal balance during oral nutrition, exclusive perenteral and mixed nutrition in children]. Exclusive parenteral nutrition and mixed feeding provided by the infusion of a solution of amino-acids, glucose and trace elements by a drip method, result in changes in biological and hormonal balance which h... | [
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PMID:24394 | [Clinical signs and etiological aspects of metabolic encephalopathies excluding liver encephalopathy and realimentation syndrome]. | The clinical picture of metabolic encephalopathies has no aetiological specificity. It combines disturbances in conscious level dominated by disorientation and time and space and disturbances in motor activity, in particular tremor and asterixis. For each of the aetiologies studied, the following are considered: the ci... | [Clinical signs and etiological aspects of metabolic encephalopathies excluding liver encephalopathy and realimentation syndrome]. The clinical picture of metabolic encephalopathies has no aetiological specificity. It combines disturbances in conscious level dominated by disorientation and time and space and disturbanc... | [
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PMID:24395 | [Amino acid disturbances in liver failure]. | We have attempted to trace the development of the concept which stresses that the encephalopathy often seen with hepatic failure may be the result of derangement in amino acid metabolism in patients with failing livers. We have also proposed that the infusion of solutions which may normalize these plasma amino acids an... | [Amino acid disturbances in liver failure]. We have attempted to trace the development of the concept which stresses that the encephalopathy often seen with hepatic failure may be the result of derangement in amino acid metabolism in patients with failing livers. We have also proposed that the infusion of solutions whi... | [
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PMID:24397 | [Comas of realimentation]. | Parenteral realimentation in the patient with severely impaired nutrition is sometimes associated with the development of a metabolic encephalopathy with coma. The onset of this complication is sudden. The coma is deep, accompanied by signs of neuromuscular hyperexcitability and very marked hyperventilation. It general... | [Comas of realimentation]. Parenteral realimentation in the patient with severely impaired nutrition is sometimes associated with the development of a metabolic encephalopathy with coma. The onset of this complication is sudden. The coma is deep, accompanied by signs of neuromuscular hyperexcitability and very marked h... | [
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PMID:24398 | [Electroencephalographic study of functional metabolic encephalopathies and comas during parenteral alimentation]. | This review deals with the common E.E.G. characteristics of dysmetabolic encephalopathies and described the particular features of hepatic, respiratory and renal encephalopathies, as well as those resulting from a disturbance in carbohydrate, water and electrolyte metabolism. These now classical data are compared with ... | [Electroencephalographic study of functional metabolic encephalopathies and comas during parenteral alimentation]. This review deals with the common E.E.G. characteristics of dysmetabolic encephalopathies and described the particular features of hepatic, respiratory and renal encephalopathies, as well as those resultin... | [
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PMID:24399 | Effect of aflatoxin on the humoral and cell-mediated immune systems of the chicken. | Chickens fed 2.5 microgram of aflatoxin/g of diet from 2 to 4 weeks of age or from hatching to 4 weeks were deficient in cell-mediated immunity, as measured at 4 weeks of age by the graft-versus-host reaction. Delayed-type hypersensitive skin reactions to tuberculin were also reduced in chickens given dietary aflatoxin... | Effect of aflatoxin on the humoral and cell-mediated immune systems of the chicken. Chickens fed 2.5 microgram of aflatoxin/g of diet from 2 to 4 weeks of age or from hatching to 4 weeks were deficient in cell-mediated immunity, as measured at 4 weeks of age by the graft-versus-host reaction. Delayed-type hypersensitiv... | [
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PMID:24401 | Less dialysis-induced morbidity and vascular instability with bicarbonate in dialysate. | We devised three protocols to test the postulate that increased morbidity during high-efficiency dialysis with large-surface-area units (LS) might be due in part to the increased flux of bicarbonate out and acetate into the patient inherent is LS dialysis. The first protocol showed that with LS-acetate dialysis there w... | Less dialysis-induced morbidity and vascular instability with bicarbonate in dialysate. We devised three protocols to test the postulate that increased morbidity during high-efficiency dialysis with large-surface-area units (LS) might be due in part to the increased flux of bicarbonate out and acetate into the patient ... | [
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PMID:24402 | Metabolic acidosis after hyperalimentation with casein hydrolysate. Occurrence in a starved patient. | A 29-year-old woman with short bowel syndrome and prolonged starvation developed hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis after initiation of hyoeralimentation with a casein hydrolysate solution. The acidosis was not due to bicarbonate loss but was associated with diminished ability of the kidney to increase urinary acid excr... | Metabolic acidosis after hyperalimentation with casein hydrolysate. Occurrence in a starved patient. A 29-year-old woman with short bowel syndrome and prolonged starvation developed hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis after initiation of hyoeralimentation with a casein hydrolysate solution. The acidosis was not due to bi... | [
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PMID:24403 | Costs of educating child health associates. | Child health associates can be fully prepared to competently diagnose and treat 90% of ambulatory pediatric patients five years after completion of high school at a cost of approximately one-fourth the expense of educating a pediatrician to perform the same tasks and functions. A rational health planning policy should ... | Costs of educating child health associates. Child health associates can be fully prepared to competently diagnose and treat 90% of ambulatory pediatric patients five years after completion of high school at a cost of approximately one-fourth the expense of educating a pediatrician to perform the same tasks and function... | [
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PMID:24405 | A chemiluminescent effect encountered in the liquid scintillation counting of 32P phosphate. | During the course of a kinetic enzyme study of bisphosphoglyceromutase (EC 2.7.5.4.) a chemiluminescent effect was encountered in the liquid scintillation counting of the beta-emission from 32Pi. A method is described for overcoming the effect, thereby permitting the accurate determination of the radioactive compounds.... | A chemiluminescent effect encountered in the liquid scintillation counting of 32P phosphate. During the course of a kinetic enzyme study of bisphosphoglyceromutase (EC 2.7.5.4.) a chemiluminescent effect was encountered in the liquid scintillation counting of the beta-emission from 32Pi. A method is described for overc... | [
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PMID:24406 | The origin of the acidosis in hyperlactataemia. | Anaerobic glycolysis produces lactate, ATP, and water but there is no net change in the number of hydrogen ions: it does not produce lactic acid. The acidosis usually associated with hyperlactataemia is caused by hydrolysis of the ATP, with release of hydrogen ions. By contrast, ATP turnover by aerobic mechanisms is no... | The origin of the acidosis in hyperlactataemia. Anaerobic glycolysis produces lactate, ATP, and water but there is no net change in the number of hydrogen ions: it does not produce lactic acid. The acidosis usually associated with hyperlactataemia is caused by hydrolysis of the ATP, with release of hydrogen ions. By co... | [
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PMID:24408 | [Study of E. coli penicillin amidase. The pH dependence of the equilibrium constant of ampicillin enzymatic hydrolysis]. | The equilibrium parameters of the hydrolysis of ampicillin catalysed by penicillin amidase were determined within the pH range of 4.5 to 5.5. The values of the ionization constants of the carboxy group of D-(-)-ALPHA-AMINOPHENYLACETIC ACID (PK1=1.80) and amino group of 6-aminopenicillanic acid (pK2=4.60) were estimated... | [Study of E. coli penicillin amidase. The pH dependence of the equilibrium constant of ampicillin enzymatic hydrolysis]. The equilibrium parameters of the hydrolysis of ampicillin catalysed by penicillin amidase were determined within the pH range of 4.5 to 5.5. The values of the ionization constants of the carboxy gro... | [
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PMID:24409 | [Use of the penicillanic acid formation reaction for the analysis of penicillins. The quantitative determination of oxacillin]. | A procedure for quantitative determination of oxacillin by means of spectrophotometry is described. The procedure is based on the capacity of penicillins to transform on heating in acid buffer solutions containing copper ions into respective penicillenic acids having specific absorption characteristics in the UV-spectr... | [Use of the penicillanic acid formation reaction for the analysis of penicillins. The quantitative determination of oxacillin]. A procedure for quantitative determination of oxacillin by means of spectrophotometry is described. The procedure is based on the capacity of penicillins to transform on heating in acid buffer... | [
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PMID:24410 | Stability and blood level determinations of cefaclor, a new oral cephalosporin antibiotic. | Cefaclor solutions in pH 2.5 and 4.5 buffers contained at least 90% of their initial activity after 72 h at 4 degrees C. Samples in pH 6.0, 7.0, and 8.0 buffers contained 70, 46, and 34%, respectively, of their initial activity after 72 h at 4 degrees C. After 72 h at 25 degrees C, samples prepared with pH 2.5, 4.5, 6.... | Stability and blood level determinations of cefaclor, a new oral cephalosporin antibiotic. Cefaclor solutions in pH 2.5 and 4.5 buffers contained at least 90% of their initial activity after 72 h at 4 degrees C. Samples in pH 6.0, 7.0, and 8.0 buffers contained 70, 46, and 34%, respectively, of their initial activity a... | [
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PMID:24425 | Mal perforans and spina bifida occulta. | A 26-year-old man had mal perforans pedis as the principal manifestation of spina bifida occulta with an associated intradural lipoma. Two lumbosacral dimples and a tuft of hair overlying the spina bifida led to the diagnosis. We include a review of the causes of mal perforans and a review of spina bifida occulta and a... | Mal perforans and spina bifida occulta. A 26-year-old man had mal perforans pedis as the principal manifestation of spina bifida occulta with an associated intradural lipoma. Two lumbosacral dimples and a tuft of hair overlying the spina bifida led to the diagnosis. We include a review of the causes of mal perforans an... | [
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PMID:24426 | Alclofenac and D-penicillamine. Comparative trial in rheumatoid arthritis. | Forty-six patients with rheumatoid arthritis, 22 receiving D-penicillamine and 2j alclofenac, took part in a 6-month single-bind external observer trial to compare the efficacy and toxicity of these drugs in the treatment of severe rheumatoid arthritis. Both drugs were active and similar in their efficacy at 6 months a... | Alclofenac and D-penicillamine. Comparative trial in rheumatoid arthritis. Forty-six patients with rheumatoid arthritis, 22 receiving D-penicillamine and 2j alclofenac, took part in a 6-month single-bind external observer trial to compare the efficacy and toxicity of these drugs in the treatment of severe rheumatoid ar... | [
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PMID:24428 | Evaluation of physician assistants in rural primary care. | The advent of physician assistants raises questions regarding their appropriate utilization and monitoring. To determine practice patterns of physician assistants in settings independent of training programs, we studied 14 primary care practices in the rural southeast. Detailed observations, including appropriateness o... | Evaluation of physician assistants in rural primary care. The advent of physician assistants raises questions regarding their appropriate utilization and monitoring. To determine practice patterns of physician assistants in settings independent of training programs, we studied 14 primary care practices in the rural sou... | [
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PMID:24429 | Allergic angiitis and granulomatosis. Prolonged remission induced by combined prednisone--azathioprine therapy. | Two patients with acute, rapidly progressive generalized vasculitis initially had symptoms of asthma. Progressive increase in severity of asthma was followed by systemic disease, including pulmonary infiltrative disease, mononeuritis multiplex, and abdominal pain. Examination of the tissues demonstrated vasculitis with... | Allergic angiitis and granulomatosis. Prolonged remission induced by combined prednisone--azathioprine therapy. Two patients with acute, rapidly progressive generalized vasculitis initially had symptoms of asthma. Progressive increase in severity of asthma was followed by systemic disease, including pulmonary infiltrat... | [
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PMID:24430 | [Selective local hyperthermy of tumor tissue. Homogenized energy supply also to deep-seated tissues by high-performance decametric wave coil section plus dual system raster motion (author's transl)]. | Based on results of selective tumor tissue hyperacidification and whole-body hyperthermy the paper deals with the advantages of local hyperthermy and gives a review of the various methods of energy supply for hyperthermy in living tissue. It follows a presentation of physical and biophysical fundamentals on selective l... | [Selective local hyperthermy of tumor tissue. Homogenized energy supply also to deep-seated tissues by high-performance decametric wave coil section plus dual system raster motion (author's transl)]. Based on results of selective tumor tissue hyperacidification and whole-body hyperthermy the paper deals with the advant... | [
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PMID:24431 | Anxiety, arousal, and autonomic habituation. | The interaction of anxiety and autonomic activation as a factor in the development and persistency of pathological anxiety was investigated with the aid of self-rating procedures and a habituation experiment. The state of activation was varied systematically in 40 normal subjects by various experimental conditions and ... | Anxiety, arousal, and autonomic habituation. The interaction of anxiety and autonomic activation as a factor in the development and persistency of pathological anxiety was investigated with the aid of self-rating procedures and a habituation experiment. The state of activation was varied systematically in 40 normal sub... | [
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PMID:24432 | Purification of human diploid fibroblast interferon by immobilized neuraminidase. | An efficient method for the purification of human fibroblast interferon (IF) based on binding via the N-acetyl neuraminic acid (N-ANA) residue of the IF molecules to the immobilized neuraminidase has been developed. Binding of IF occurred at pH 4.5 and elution of the bound activity was effected at pH 9.5. Specific acti... | Purification of human diploid fibroblast interferon by immobilized neuraminidase. An efficient method for the purification of human fibroblast interferon (IF) based on binding via the N-acetyl neuraminic acid (N-ANA) residue of the IF molecules to the immobilized neuraminidase has been developed. Binding of IF occurred... | [
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PMID:24433 | [State of the microcirculation in periarteritis nodosa based on morphological and biomicroscopic data]. | The status of microcirculation in periarteritis nodosa was studied by impregnation method (serous membranes) and biomicroscopy (eyeball conjunctiva). Pathological and adaptative changes in terminal vessels were found. It is suggested that the involvement of microcirculation ways in this disease is systemic and that mor... | [State of the microcirculation in periarteritis nodosa based on morphological and biomicroscopic data]. The status of microcirculation in periarteritis nodosa was studied by impregnation method (serous membranes) and biomicroscopy (eyeball conjunctiva). Pathological and adaptative changes in terminal vessels were found... | [
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PMID:24436 | Oxidative phosphorylation. Halide-dependent and halide-independent effects of triorganotin and trioganolead compounds on mitochondrial functions. | 1. Each of five triorganotin and five triorganolead compounds was shown to perturb mithochondrial functions in three different ways. One is dependent and two are independent of Cl- in the medium. 2. Structure-activity relationships for the three interactions are described, and compounds suitable as tools for the separa... | Oxidative phosphorylation. Halide-dependent and halide-independent effects of triorganotin and trioganolead compounds on mitochondrial functions. 1. Each of five triorganotin and five triorganolead compounds was shown to perturb mithochondrial functions in three different ways. One is dependent and two are independent ... | [
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PMID:24437 | Demonstration of the phosphorylation of acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase within intact rat epididymal fat-cells. | Intact rat epididymal fat-cells were incubated with 32Pi and the intracellular proteins separated by sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. One of the phosphorylated proteins has the same RF value as [14C]biotin-labelled acetyl-CoA carboxylase purified from fat-cells and is specifically precipitate... | Demonstration of the phosphorylation of acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase within intact rat epididymal fat-cells. Intact rat epididymal fat-cells were incubated with 32Pi and the intracellular proteins separated by sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. One of the phosphorylated proteins has the same R... | [
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PMID:24438 | Isolation of proteoglycans from human articular cartilage. | Proteoglycans were extracted from normal human articular cartilage of various ages with 4M-guanidinium chloride and were purified and characterized by using preformed linear CsCl density gradients. With advancing age, there was a decrease in high-density proteoglycans of low protein/uronic acid weight ratio and an incr... | Isolation of proteoglycans from human articular cartilage. Proteoglycans were extracted from normal human articular cartilage of various ages with 4M-guanidinium chloride and were purified and characterized by using preformed linear CsCl density gradients. With advancing age, there was a decrease in high-density proteo... | [
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PMID:24439 | Activation of immobilized acetyl-Coenzyme A carboxylase. | Partially purified acetyl-CoA carboxylase was covalently bound to a Sepharose 4B matrix. Although aggregation was thus prevented, the enzymic activity was stimulated by citrate and isocitrate. | Activation of immobilized acetyl-Coenzyme A carboxylase. Partially purified acetyl-CoA carboxylase was covalently bound to a Sepharose 4B matrix. Although aggregation was thus prevented, the enzymic activity was stimulated by citrate and isocitrate. | [
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PMID:24440 | Synthesis of the native copper(II)-transport site of human serum albumin and its copper(II)-binding properties. | A derivative of the native-sequence tripeptide of the specific Cu(II)-transport site of human serum albumin, L-aspartyl-L-alanyl-L-histidine N-methylamide, was synthesized, and its binding to Cu(II) was examined to determine the influence of the side-chain groups on the Cu(II) binding. The equilibria involved in the Cu... | Synthesis of the native copper(II)-transport site of human serum albumin and its copper(II)-binding properties. A derivative of the native-sequence tripeptide of the specific Cu(II)-transport site of human serum albumin, L-aspartyl-L-alanyl-L-histidine N-methylamide, was synthesized, and its binding to Cu(II) was exami... | [
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PMID:24441 | The binding of copper ions to copper-free bovine superoxide dismutase. Kinetic aspects. | The kinetics of reconstitution of bovine superoxide dismutase from Cu2+ and the copper-free enzyme have been studied by activity, u.v.-absorption, electron-paramagnetic-resonance and pulsed-nuclear-magnetic-resonance measurements. The process appears to be first-order up to 80% completion in most conditions, and is pH-... | The binding of copper ions to copper-free bovine superoxide dismutase. Kinetic aspects. The kinetics of reconstitution of bovine superoxide dismutase from Cu2+ and the copper-free enzyme have been studied by activity, u.v.-absorption, electron-paramagnetic-resonance and pulsed-nuclear-magnetic-resonance measurements. T... | [
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PMID:24442 | Partial purification and characterization of a pyruvate dehydrogenase-complex-inactivating enzyme from rat liver. | An enzyme inactivating the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (inactivase) was purified about 8000-fold from rat liver by differential centrifugation, acid extraction of a lysosomerich 25000 g pellet, acetone fractionation, and adsorption on calcium phosphate gel. By exclusion chromatography on Sephadex G-100 a molecular w... | Partial purification and characterization of a pyruvate dehydrogenase-complex-inactivating enzyme from rat liver. An enzyme inactivating the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (inactivase) was purified about 8000-fold from rat liver by differential centrifugation, acid extraction of a lysosomerich 25000 g pellet, acetone f... | [
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PMID:24443 | Fatty acid synthesis in the regenerating liver of the rat. | 1. Synthesis de novo of fatty acids in the rat liver, measured per g wet wt. of tissue, was increased by a factor of about two, between 1 and 4 days after partial hepatectomy, compared with rates in sham-operated control rat livers. 2. There were no associated changes in the rates of liver cholesterol synthesis or of a... | Fatty acid synthesis in the regenerating liver of the rat. 1. Synthesis de novo of fatty acids in the rat liver, measured per g wet wt. of tissue, was increased by a factor of about two, between 1 and 4 days after partial hepatectomy, compared with rates in sham-operated control rat livers. 2. There were no associated ... | [
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PMID:24454 | The extraction of antiepileptic drugs. Model study on partition coefficients. | To compare the extraction behaviour of hexane, toluene, chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane, diethylether, ethyl acetate and acetone towards phenobarbital, phenytoin, primidone and carbamazepine, partition coefficients of these drugs between the above solvents and water (saturated with ammonium sulphate when working with ac... | The extraction of antiepileptic drugs. Model study on partition coefficients. To compare the extraction behaviour of hexane, toluene, chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane, diethylether, ethyl acetate and acetone towards phenobarbital, phenytoin, primidone and carbamazepine, partition coefficients of these drugs between the a... | [
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PMID:24458 | Intracellular localization of hepatic propionyl-CoA carboxylase and methylmalonyl-CoA mutase in humans and normal and vitamin B12 deficient rats. | The intracellular localization of the enzymes in the vitamin B12 dependent pathway which involves the oxidation of propionate was studied in rat liver obtained from normal and vitamin B12 deficient rats as well as from man. The subcellular site of propionyl CoA carboxylase and the vitamin B12 dependent-methylmalonyl Co... | Intracellular localization of hepatic propionyl-CoA carboxylase and methylmalonyl-CoA mutase in humans and normal and vitamin B12 deficient rats. The intracellular localization of the enzymes in the vitamin B12 dependent pathway which involves the oxidation of propionate was studied in rat liver obtained from normal an... | [
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PMID:24459 | Metabolic effects of beta-sympathomimetic drugs and dexamethasone in normal and diabetic pregnancy. | Marked hyperglycaemia and hyperinsulinaemia were observed in two normal women in premature labour treated with an intravenous infusion of a beta-sympathomimetic drug and intramuscular dexamethasone injections. Similar therapy in a chemical diabetic patient caused diabetic ketoacidosis, while treatment of an insulin dep... | Metabolic effects of beta-sympathomimetic drugs and dexamethasone in normal and diabetic pregnancy. Marked hyperglycaemia and hyperinsulinaemia were observed in two normal women in premature labour treated with an intravenous infusion of a beta-sympathomimetic drug and intramuscular dexamethasone injections. Similar th... | [
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PMID:24460 | Renal tubular function in normal pregnancy. | Maternal plasma and urine concentrations of beta2- microglobulin and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (EC:2.3.2.2) were measured serially in normal pregnancy. These parameters remained constant throughout and can therefore be used to evaluate tubular function in pregnancies complicated by renal disorders. | Renal tubular function in normal pregnancy. Maternal plasma and urine concentrations of beta2- microglobulin and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (EC:2.3.2.2) were measured serially in normal pregnancy. These parameters remained constant throughout and can therefore be used to evaluate tubular function in pregnancies comp... | [
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PMID:24462 | Electron spin resonance and nuclear relaxation studies on spin-labeled glutamate dehydrogenase. | The reaction of glutamate dehydrogenase with two different stable nitroxides (spin labels) is reported. The two compounds contain a carbonyl and an iodoacetamide group as their reactive parts. The carbonyl compound inactivates the enzyme by the formation of a 1:1 covalent complex after NaBH4 reduction of an intermediat... | Electron spin resonance and nuclear relaxation studies on spin-labeled glutamate dehydrogenase. The reaction of glutamate dehydrogenase with two different stable nitroxides (spin labels) is reported. The two compounds contain a carbonyl and an iodoacetamide group as their reactive parts. The carbonyl compound inactivat... | [
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PMID:24463 | Raman spectra of heme a, cytochrome oxidase-ligand complexes, and alkaline denatured oxidase. | We report 441.6 nm excitation resonance Raman spectra of oxidized and reduced monomeric heme a-imidazole, cytochrome oxidase-exogenous ligand complexes in various redox states, and alkaline denatured oxidase. These data show that, in reduced oxidase, the cytochrome a3 Raman spectrum has bands at 215, 364, 1230, and 167... | Raman spectra of heme a, cytochrome oxidase-ligand complexes, and alkaline denatured oxidase. We report 441.6 nm excitation resonance Raman spectra of oxidized and reduced monomeric heme a-imidazole, cytochrome oxidase-exogenous ligand complexes in various redox states, and alkaline denatured oxidase. These data show t... | [
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PMID:24464 | Use of immobilized light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein to study the stoichiometry of its self-association. | D. J. Davis & E. L. Gross (1976) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 449, 554-564 previously observed that the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein or chlorophyll protein complex II self-associated as determined by ultracentrifugation. We have determined the stoichiometry of complex formation by immobilizing the monomer on ... | Use of immobilized light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein to study the stoichiometry of its self-association. D. J. Davis & E. L. Gross (1976) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 449, 554-564 previously observed that the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein or chlorophyll protein complex II self-associated as determined b... | [
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PMID:24465 | Kinetic analysis of the acid-alkaline conversion of horseradish peroxidases. | The nature of the acid-alkaline conversion of horseradish peroxidases was studied by measuring four rate constants in reactions, E + H+ (k1) in equilibrium (k2) EH+ and E + H2O (k3) in equilibrium (k4) EH+ + OH-, where EH+ and E denote the acid and alkaline forms of the enzymes. The values of k1, (k2 + k3), and k4 were... | Kinetic analysis of the acid-alkaline conversion of horseradish peroxidases. The nature of the acid-alkaline conversion of horseradish peroxidases was studied by measuring four rate constants in reactions, E + H+ (k1) in equilibrium (k2) EH+ and E + H2O (k3) in equilibrium (k4) EH+ + OH-, where EH+ and E denote the aci... | [
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PMID:24468 | The mechanism of oxidation of reduced nicotinamide dinucleotide phosphate by submitochondrial particles from beef heart. | 1. Oxidation of NADPH by various acceptors catalyzed by submitochondrial particles and a partially purified NADH dehydrogenase from beef heart was investigated. Submitochondrial particles devoid of nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase activity catalyze an oxidation of NADPH by oxygen. The partially purified NADH de... | The mechanism of oxidation of reduced nicotinamide dinucleotide phosphate by submitochondrial particles from beef heart. 1. Oxidation of NADPH by various acceptors catalyzed by submitochondrial particles and a partially purified NADH dehydrogenase from beef heart was investigated. Submitochondrial particles devoid of n... | [
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PMID:24470 | The mechanism of the control of carbon fixation by the pH in the chloroplast stroma. Studies with nitrite-mediated proton transfer across the envelope. | 1. CO2 fixation of intact spinach chloroplasts is inhibited by nitrite in a pH-dependent mode. At pH 7.3 in the medium 1 mM NaNO2 and at pH 7.9 5 mM NaNO2 were required for 50% inhibition. 2. The addition of nitrite leads to an acidificiation in the stroma. It appears that nitrite renders the envelope permeable for pro... | The mechanism of the control of carbon fixation by the pH in the chloroplast stroma. Studies with nitrite-mediated proton transfer across the envelope. 1. CO2 fixation of intact spinach chloroplasts is inhibited by nitrite in a pH-dependent mode. At pH 7.3 in the medium 1 mM NaNO2 and at pH 7.9 5 mM NaNO2 were required... | [
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PMID:24471 | Dicarboxylate transport across the inner membrane of the chloroplast envelope. | The uptake of radioactively labeled dicarboxylates into the sorbitol-impermeable 3H2O space (the space surrounded by the inner envelope membrane) of spinach chloroplasts has been studied by means of silicone layer filtering centrifugation. 1. Malate, aspartate and a number of other dicarboxylates are rapidly transporte... | Dicarboxylate transport across the inner membrane of the chloroplast envelope. The uptake of radioactively labeled dicarboxylates into the sorbitol-impermeable 3H2O space (the space surrounded by the inner envelope membrane) of spinach chloroplasts has been studied by means of silicone layer filtering centrifugation. 1... | [
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PMID:24472 | The permeability of the lysosomal membrane to small ions. | The permeability of the lysosomal membrane to small anions and cations was studied at 37 degrees C and pH 7.0 in a lysosomal-mitochondrial fraction isolated from the liver of untreated rats. The extent of osmotic lysis following ion influx was used as a measure of ion permeancy. In order to preserve electroneutrality, ... | The permeability of the lysosomal membrane to small ions. The permeability of the lysosomal membrane to small anions and cations was studied at 37 degrees C and pH 7.0 in a lysosomal-mitochondrial fraction isolated from the liver of untreated rats. The extent of osmotic lysis following ion influx was used as a measure ... | [
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PMID:24473 | Active groups of extracellular endo-D-galacturonanase of aspergillus niger derived from pH effect on kinetic data. | In an attempt to characterize the groups essential for the catalytic action extracellular endo-D-galacturonanase of Aspergillus niger (poly (1,4-alpha-D-galacturonide) glycanohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.15) the behaviour of the kinetic parameters as a function of pH was examined. The dependence of kcat and kcat/Km on pH sugges... | Active groups of extracellular endo-D-galacturonanase of aspergillus niger derived from pH effect on kinetic data. In an attempt to characterize the groups essential for the catalytic action extracellular endo-D-galacturonanase of Aspergillus niger (poly (1,4-alpha-D-galacturonide) glycanohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.15) the be... | [
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PMID:24474 | Effects of melanin on tyrosine hydroxylase and phenylalanine hydroxylase. | Melanin inhibited rat liver phenylalanine hydroxylase, but activated tyrosine hydroxylase from rat brain (caudate nucleus), rat adrenal glands, and bovine adrenal medulla. Activation of tyrosine hydroxylase by melanin was demonstrated with the extensively dialyzed enzyme and in suboptimal concentrations of the substrat... | Effects of melanin on tyrosine hydroxylase and phenylalanine hydroxylase. Melanin inhibited rat liver phenylalanine hydroxylase, but activated tyrosine hydroxylase from rat brain (caudate nucleus), rat adrenal glands, and bovine adrenal medulla. Activation of tyrosine hydroxylase by melanin was demonstrated with the ex... | [
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PMID:24475 | Immobilized D-amino acid oxidase. | 1. D-Amino acid oxidase (D-amino acid: oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating), EC 1.4.3.3) apoenzyme, holoenzyme and the enzyme-benzoate complex were active and stable when immobilized to aminoalkyl or carboxyalkyl agarose, or to cyanogen bromide-activated agarose. The immobilized enzyme-benzoate complex could be converte... | Immobilized D-amino acid oxidase. 1. D-Amino acid oxidase (D-amino acid: oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating), EC 1.4.3.3) apoenzyme, holoenzyme and the enzyme-benzoate complex were active and stable when immobilized to aminoalkyl or carboxyalkyl agarose, or to cyanogen bromide-activated agarose. The immobilized enzyme-... | [
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PMID:24477 | The fate of extracellular glutathione in the rat. | When intravenously administered to rats, [U-14C]glycine-labelled GSSG, GSH and its analogue ophthalmic acid were rapidly removed from the blood. In perfusion studies with isolated liver, however, the compounds did not enter the liver tissue. Thus, uptake by this tissue is obviously not responsible for the removal of ga... | The fate of extracellular glutathione in the rat. When intravenously administered to rats, [U-14C]glycine-labelled GSSG, GSH and its analogue ophthalmic acid were rapidly removed from the blood. In perfusion studies with isolated liver, however, the compounds did not enter the liver tissue. Thus, uptake by this tissue ... | [
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PMID:24478 | The dimerization of ferrihaems. I. The effect of buffer ions and specific cations on deuteroferrihaem dimerization. | The dimerization of dueteroferrihaem in aqueous solution has been investigated using a parameter, named the dimerization index (Robs). This is defined as the ratio of extinction coefficients at wavelengths corresponding to Soret band maxima for the monomeric and dimeric species, respectively. For solutions containing m... | The dimerization of ferrihaems. I. The effect of buffer ions and specific cations on deuteroferrihaem dimerization. The dimerization of dueteroferrihaem in aqueous solution has been investigated using a parameter, named the dimerization index (Robs). This is defined as the ratio of extinction coefficients at wavelength... | [
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PMID:24479 | The dimerization of ferrihaems. II. Equilibrium and kinetic studies of mesoferrihaem dimerization. | Spectrophotometric data have been determined for mesoferrihaem at several pH values and over a range of concentration covering four orders of magnitude. The data reveal a dimerization process according to the equation 2 monomer in equilibrium dimer + H+, analogous to earlier findings for deuteroferrihaem and protoferri... | The dimerization of ferrihaems. II. Equilibrium and kinetic studies of mesoferrihaem dimerization. Spectrophotometric data have been determined for mesoferrihaem at several pH values and over a range of concentration covering four orders of magnitude. The data reveal a dimerization process according to the equation 2 m... | [
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PMID:24480 | Spin-trapping of the trichloromethyl radical produced during enzymic NADPH oxidation in the presence of carbon tetrachloride or bromotrichloromethane. | Utilizing the spin-trapping agent phenyl-t-butyl nitrone, a free radical has been detected which is produced from carbon tetrachloride or bromotrichloromethane during the enzymic oxidation of NADPH by rat liver microsomes. The presence of NADPH is obligatory for generation of the radical. The formation of the trichloro... | Spin-trapping of the trichloromethyl radical produced during enzymic NADPH oxidation in the presence of carbon tetrachloride or bromotrichloromethane. Utilizing the spin-trapping agent phenyl-t-butyl nitrone, a free radical has been detected which is produced from carbon tetrachloride or bromotrichloromethane during th... | [
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PMID:24482 | Mass spectrometry of medicines. Quantitative determination by direct probe inlet system mass chromatography. | A fundamental study was performed to establish a method of quantitative analysis using mass chromatography by the direct inlet system. The samples were aspirin, phenacetin and caffeine, which are often used as cold medicines, and barbital, allobarbital, phenobarbital and phenytoin which are difficult to analyse by gas ... | Mass spectrometry of medicines. Quantitative determination by direct probe inlet system mass chromatography. A fundamental study was performed to establish a method of quantitative analysis using mass chromatography by the direct inlet system. The samples were aspirin, phenacetin and caffeine, which are often used as c... | [
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PMID:24483 | Continuous production of NADP by immobilized Achromobacter aceris cells. | Several microorganisms having higher nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide kinase (NAD kinase, EC 2.7.1.23) activity were immobilized into polyacrylamide gel lattices. The enzyme activity field by immobilization was highest in Achromobacter aceris AKU 0120. By the incubation of the immobilized A. aceris cells at pH 4.0, th... | Continuous production of NADP by immobilized Achromobacter aceris cells. Several microorganisms having higher nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide kinase (NAD kinase, EC 2.7.1.23) activity were immobilized into polyacrylamide gel lattices. The enzyme activity field by immobilization was highest in Achromobacter aceris AKU... | [
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PMID:24484 | Mathematical modeling of lag phases in microbial growth. | This paper describes a mathematical method of the lap phases of Saccharomyces cerevisiae that incorporates the basic concepts previously presented in a two-stage deterministic model for the growth of this organism under conditions of oxygen excess with a sugar as the growth-limiting substrate. The model structure was s... | Mathematical modeling of lag phases in microbial growth. This paper describes a mathematical method of the lap phases of Saccharomyces cerevisiae that incorporates the basic concepts previously presented in a two-stage deterministic model for the growth of this organism under conditions of oxygen excess with a sugar as... | [
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PMID:24487 | [Effect of narcotic analgesics on excitatory transmission in the spinal cord]. | As demonstrated on nonanesthetized curare-immobilized spinal cats morphine, promedol and fentanyl failed to alter the amplitude of induced potentials in the ventro-lateral columns of the lumbar spinal cord, evoked by a single or repetitive stimulation of the cutaneous or pelvic nerves. In some experiments the same drug... | [Effect of narcotic analgesics on excitatory transmission in the spinal cord]. As demonstrated on nonanesthetized curare-immobilized spinal cats morphine, promedol and fentanyl failed to alter the amplitude of induced potentials in the ventro-lateral columns of the lumbar spinal cord, evoked by a single or repetitive s... | [
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PMID:24489 | Exertion injuries in adolescent athletes. | A series of 147 cases of exertion injuries in less than or equal to 15 years old athletes is presented. All injuries occurred during training or athletic performances without trauma and caused symptoms that prevented athletic exercises. There were 67 girls (46%) and 80 boys (54%) in the material. About 90% of them had ... | Exertion injuries in adolescent athletes. A series of 147 cases of exertion injuries in less than or equal to 15 years old athletes is presented. All injuries occurred during training or athletic performances without trauma and caused symptoms that prevented athletic exercises. There were 67 girls (46%) and 80 boys (54... | [
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PMID:24490 | Perfusion characteristics of preserved canine kidneys subjected to warm ischaemia. | Canine kidneys were subjected to 0, 15 or 30 min of warm ischaemia followed by 24 hours preservation by perfusion. Changes in perfusate concentration of acid radicles, lactate, free fatty acid and lactice dehydrogenase were assessed at 1 hour and 24 hours. With the exception of LDH concentration at 1 hour, no single pa... | Perfusion characteristics of preserved canine kidneys subjected to warm ischaemia. Canine kidneys were subjected to 0, 15 or 30 min of warm ischaemia followed by 24 hours preservation by perfusion. Changes in perfusate concentration of acid radicles, lactate, free fatty acid and lactice dehydrogenase were assessed at 1... | [
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PMID:24493 | Effect of concanavalin A on black widow spider venom activity at the neuromuscular junction: implications for mechanisms of venom action. | Concanavalin A (Con A) inhibits black widow spider venom-induced transmitter release at both tissue-cultured and adult neuromuscular junctions and also inhibits the venom-induced destruction of cultured neurites. This inhibitory action is partially or completely prevented by prior treatment with colchicine. Neither col... | Effect of concanavalin A on black widow spider venom activity at the neuromuscular junction: implications for mechanisms of venom action. Concanavalin A (Con A) inhibits black widow spider venom-induced transmitter release at both tissue-cultured and adult neuromuscular junctions and also inhibits the venom-induced des... | [
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PMID:24498 | Quantitative electron miscroscopic studies on the kinetics of secretory granules in G-cells. | Ultrastructural studies of secretory granules of rat antral G-cells and measurement of serum gastrin level were performed under the condition of fasting and administration of alkaline solution into the stomach. On electron micrographs, no qualitative difference was observed among those experimental groups. However, mor... | Quantitative electron miscroscopic studies on the kinetics of secretory granules in G-cells. Ultrastructural studies of secretory granules of rat antral G-cells and measurement of serum gastrin level were performed under the condition of fasting and administration of alkaline solution into the stomach. On electron micr... | [
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PMID:24499 | Relaxin, a male hormone? Immunocytological localization of a related antigen in the boar testis. | Convincingly demonstrated by immunocytological methods in females of several mammalian species, relaxin has not yet been localized in the male. Immunocytologically, a related antigen was identified in adult normal boar testes using and anti- [NIH P-relaxin/HSA] antiserum free of anti HSA Abs. A strong reaction was obse... | Relaxin, a male hormone? Immunocytological localization of a related antigen in the boar testis. Convincingly demonstrated by immunocytological methods in females of several mammalian species, relaxin has not yet been localized in the male. Immunocytologically, a related antigen was identified in adult normal boar test... | [
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PMID:24501 | In vitro studies on the effects on granular gland secretion in Xenopus laevis skin of stimulation and blockade of alpha and beta adrenoceptors of myoepithelial cells. | Secretion from the granular glands of Xenopus laevis skin was stimulated by alpha-adrenergic agonists, an effect which was blocked by alpha-adrenergic antagonists and inhibited by beta-adrenergic agonists, db-cAMP and diazoxide. The inhibition by isoprenaline and salbutamol, but not that by diazoxide, was blocked by a ... | In vitro studies on the effects on granular gland secretion in Xenopus laevis skin of stimulation and blockade of alpha and beta adrenoceptors of myoepithelial cells. Secretion from the granular glands of Xenopus laevis skin was stimulated by alpha-adrenergic agonists, an effect which was blocked by alpha-adrenergic an... | [
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PMID:24503 | The mutagenic effect of 1,2-dichloroethane on Salmonella typhimurium I. Activation through conjugation with glutathion in vitro. | One of the main components in the waste products from vinyl chloride industries (EDC-tar), is ethylene dichloride (1,2-dichloroethane). This compound has been tested for mutagenicity on Salmonella typhimurium TA 1535. It is concluded that 1,2-dichloroethane gives a weak direct mutagenic effect, which is enhanced by add... | The mutagenic effect of 1,2-dichloroethane on Salmonella typhimurium I. Activation through conjugation with glutathion in vitro. One of the main components in the waste products from vinyl chloride industries (EDC-tar), is ethylene dichloride (1,2-dichloroethane). This compound has been tested for mutagenicity on Salmo... | [
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PMID:24505 | Neurogenic vasodilation of cat cerebral arteries. | Transmural nerve stimulation (TNS) with 0.3-msec pulses between 1 and 25 Hz dilated cat cerebral artery segments in the presence of active muscle tone. Maximum vasodilatation occurred at 8 Hz. The dilator response to exogenous acetylcholine, but not to TNS, was abolished by atropine. Neither physostigmine nor hemicholi... | Neurogenic vasodilation of cat cerebral arteries. Transmural nerve stimulation (TNS) with 0.3-msec pulses between 1 and 25 Hz dilated cat cerebral artery segments in the presence of active muscle tone. Maximum vasodilatation occurred at 8 Hz. The dilator response to exogenous acetylcholine, but not to TNS, was abolishe... | [
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PMID:24506 | An investigation of factors influencing the measurement of creatine phosphokinase activity in serum using coupled enzymatic methods. | 1. The factors influencing the measurement of creatine phosphokinase (CPK) activity in serum by coupled enzymatic methods were investigated to establish optimum conditions for this type of assay. Such a study was indicated following observations by the authors of poor performance of commerically produced reagent kits t... | An investigation of factors influencing the measurement of creatine phosphokinase activity in serum using coupled enzymatic methods. 1. The factors influencing the measurement of creatine phosphokinase (CPK) activity in serum by coupled enzymatic methods were investigated to establish optimum conditions for this type o... | [
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PMID:24507 | Improved method for fractionating gamma-glutamyltransferase by electrophoresis on cellulose acetate. | I describe a method of fractionating gamma-glutamyltransferase on cellulose acetate. The tracing is obtained in parallel with that of serum protein, and the gamma-glutamyltransferase bands are characterized by correspondence with the major protein fractions. The overall pattern of the isoenzyme activity in normal sera ... | Improved method for fractionating gamma-glutamyltransferase by electrophoresis on cellulose acetate. I describe a method of fractionating gamma-glutamyltransferase on cellulose acetate. The tracing is obtained in parallel with that of serum protein, and the gamma-glutamyltransferase bands are characterized by correspon... | [
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PMID:24512 | Correlation between plasma diphenhydramine level and sedative and antihistamine effects. | The sedative and antihistamine effects of diphenhydramine were assessed in relation to plasma concentration after placebo, diphenhydramine 50 mg intravenously, and diphenhydramine 50 mg orally to each of 6 healthy volunteers on three separate occasions. Diphenhydramine plasma elimination t1/2 was 3.0 to 4.3 hr, volume ... | Correlation between plasma diphenhydramine level and sedative and antihistamine effects. The sedative and antihistamine effects of diphenhydramine were assessed in relation to plasma concentration after placebo, diphenhydramine 50 mg intravenously, and diphenhydramine 50 mg orally to each of 6 healthy volunteers on thr... | [
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0.0555... |
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