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PMID:8404 | Studies on the acute toxicity of ionic and non-ionic contrast media following rapid intravenous injection. An experimental study in mice. | The influence of the injection rate on the acute intravenous toxicity (LD50) on mice of the ionic high osmotic contrast medium Isopaque Coronar (370 mg I/ml) and the non-ionic low osmotic Amipaque (370 mg I/ml) was investigated. At slow injection (0.1 ml/sec). Amipaque had a significantly higher LD50 than Isopaque Coro... | Studies on the acute toxicity of ionic and non-ionic contrast media following rapid intravenous injection. An experimental study in mice. The influence of the injection rate on the acute intravenous toxicity (LD50) on mice of the ionic high osmotic contrast medium Isopaque Coronar (370 mg I/ml) and the non-ionic low os... | [
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PMID:8405 | Partial purification of pig aorta amine oxidases. | Two amine oxidases have been partially purified from pig aorta and their porperties investigated: one is similar to pig plasma oxidase (benzylamine oxidase), the other to lysyloxidase. Both are inhibited by carbonyl reagents and cupric copper chelating agents, but they strongly differ in the kinetic properties. The ben... | Partial purification of pig aorta amine oxidases. Two amine oxidases have been partially purified from pig aorta and their porperties investigated: one is similar to pig plasma oxidase (benzylamine oxidase), the other to lysyloxidase. Both are inhibited by carbonyl reagents and cupric copper chelating agents, but they ... | [
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PMID:8406 | Carbamylphosphate hydrolysis in donkey liver. | Mitochondria, microsomes, and cytosol all hydrolyze carbamylphosphate. Microsomes show the greatest specific activity. The mitochondrial enzyme is localized in the inner membranes, has optimum pH 5.5 and is heat-stable; the cytosol enzyme has optimum pH 5.0 and is heat-labile. Km for carbamylphosphate is 1.1 to 1.2 X 1... | Carbamylphosphate hydrolysis in donkey liver. Mitochondria, microsomes, and cytosol all hydrolyze carbamylphosphate. Microsomes show the greatest specific activity. The mitochondrial enzyme is localized in the inner membranes, has optimum pH 5.5 and is heat-stable; the cytosol enzyme has optimum pH 5.0 and is heat-labi... | [
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PMID:8410 | [Ultrastructural localization of acid phosphatase and thiamine pyrophosphatase activities and of phosphotungstic staining at low pH in the placental labyrinth of the cat]. | The localizations of acid phosphatase (ACPase) and thiamine pyrophosphatase (TPPase) activities were studied in the placental labyrinth of the cat during the last days of gestation. ACPase activities were observed essentially in the syncytiotrophoblast and in the "interstitial inert substance" (S.I.I.) that separates m... | [Ultrastructural localization of acid phosphatase and thiamine pyrophosphatase activities and of phosphotungstic staining at low pH in the placental labyrinth of the cat]. The localizations of acid phosphatase (ACPase) and thiamine pyrophosphatase (TPPase) activities were studied in the placental labyrinth of the cat d... | [
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PMID:8411 | A preliminary microspectrofluorometric study of NAD(P) reduction in dibenzo(a, e) fluoranthene-treated single living cells. | The fluorescence increase, due to NAD(P) reduction, following microelectrophoretic injection of glucose 6-P (G6P) into EL2 and NCTC 8739 single living cells treated with diBenzo(ae) Fluoranthene (diB(ae)F) and non-treated, has been studied with a rapid microspectrofluorometer. This study shows the enhanced capacity of ... | A preliminary microspectrofluorometric study of NAD(P) reduction in dibenzo(a, e) fluoranthene-treated single living cells. The fluorescence increase, due to NAD(P) reduction, following microelectrophoretic injection of glucose 6-P (G6P) into EL2 and NCTC 8739 single living cells treated with diBenzo(ae) Fluoranthene (... | [
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PMID:8412 | Quantitative cytochemical measurement of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity. | A system has been developed for the quantitative measurment of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in tissue sections. An obstacle to the histochemical study of this enzyme has been the fact that the substrate, gylceraldehyde 3-phosphate, is very unstable. In the present system a stable compound, fructose... | Quantitative cytochemical measurement of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity. A system has been developed for the quantitative measurment of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in tissue sections. An obstacle to the histochemical study of this enzyme has been the fact that the substrate, gyl... | [
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PMID:8413 | Protocol management of male genitourinary infections. | As part of a demonstration study, 567 male patients presenting to a "walk-in" clinic with common genitourinary complaints were interviewed by health assistants guided by a protocol. Independent examination of 19 patients by a health assistant and a physician formally demonstrated that the health assistants could collec... | Protocol management of male genitourinary infections. As part of a demonstration study, 567 male patients presenting to a "walk-in" clinic with common genitourinary complaints were interviewed by health assistants guided by a protocol. Independent examination of 19 patients by a health assistant and a physician formall... | [
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PMID:8414 | Gardimycin, a new antibiotic from Actinoplanes. III. Biological properties. | The new antibiotic gardimycin has an interesting in vitro antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Parenteral administration gives a high degree of protection against experimental infections in mice. It also shows some chemotherapeutic activity when given rectally. | Gardimycin, a new antibiotic from Actinoplanes. III. Biological properties. The new antibiotic gardimycin has an interesting in vitro antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Parenteral administration gives a high degree of protection against experimental infections in mice. It a... | [
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PMID:8415 | Inhibitory activity of pyridindolol on beta-galactosidase. | The activity of pyridindolol in inhibiting beta-galactosidases obtained from various sources has been studied. Whereas acid bovine liver beta-galactosidase (optimal pH 4.0) was not affected by this compound, neutral bovine liver beta-galactosidase (pH-optimum = 7.0) was inhibited by pyridindolol in reaction mixtures of... | Inhibitory activity of pyridindolol on beta-galactosidase. The activity of pyridindolol in inhibiting beta-galactosidases obtained from various sources has been studied. Whereas acid bovine liver beta-galactosidase (optimal pH 4.0) was not affected by this compound, neutral bovine liver beta-galactosidase (pH-optimum =... | [
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PMID:8416 | Selective N-actylation of gentamicin antibiotics-synthesis of 1-N-acyl derivatives. | Treatment of acid addition salts of aminoglycoside-aminocyclitol antibiotics of the gentamicin-sisomicin class, with one equivalent of triethylamine and an acylating agent results in selective formation of 1-N-acyl derivatives. This is in contrast to acylation of the antibiotic free bases which results in preferential ... | Selective N-actylation of gentamicin antibiotics-synthesis of 1-N-acyl derivatives. Treatment of acid addition salts of aminoglycoside-aminocyclitol antibiotics of the gentamicin-sisomicin class, with one equivalent of triethylamine and an acylating agent results in selective formation of 1-N-acyl derivatives. This is ... | [
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PMID:8419 | Propagated spikes and secretion in a coelenterate glandular epithelium. | The rete mirabile of Hippopodius (Cl. Hydrozoa, O. Siphonophora) is a sheet of giant endoderm cells penetrated by branches of the ventral radial canal. The cells appear to be highly polyploid. The rough ER is very richly developed and expanded ER cisternae containing amorphous material (presumably synthesized protein) ... | Propagated spikes and secretion in a coelenterate glandular epithelium. The rete mirabile of Hippopodius (Cl. Hydrozoa, O. Siphonophora) is a sheet of giant endoderm cells penetrated by branches of the ventral radial canal. The cells appear to be highly polyploid. The rough ER is very richly developed and expanded ER c... | [
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PMID:8420 | Respiratory adaptations in burrowing pocket gophers from sea level and high altitude. | To examine the adaptations to low O2 and high CO2 among fossorial and nonfossorial rodents, hematological parameters were determined for laboratory rats, the valley pocket gopher (Thomomys bottae) from 250 m, and the mountain pocket gopher (T. umbrinus melanotis) from 3150 m. Hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, and O... | Respiratory adaptations in burrowing pocket gophers from sea level and high altitude. To examine the adaptations to low O2 and high CO2 among fossorial and nonfossorial rodents, hematological parameters were determined for laboratory rats, the valley pocket gopher (Thomomys bottae) from 250 m, and the mountain pocket g... | [
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PMID:8421 | Control of breathing in uremia: ventilatory response to CO2 after hemodialysis. | The mechanisms responsible for the transient respiratory alkalosis which follows clinical hemodialysis were evaluated by studying the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide in chronic uremic patients, and in unanesthetized normal and chronic uremic goats. A significant increase in sensitivity to CO2 was found in acidot... | Control of breathing in uremia: ventilatory response to CO2 after hemodialysis. The mechanisms responsible for the transient respiratory alkalosis which follows clinical hemodialysis were evaluated by studying the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide in chronic uremic patients, and in unanesthetized normal and chroni... | [
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PMID:8422 | Characteristics and energy requirements of an alpha-aminoisobutyric acid transport system in Streptococcus lactis. | Galactose-grown cells of Streptococcus lactis ML3 acculated alpha-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB) by using energy derived from glycolysis and arginine catabolism. The transport system displayed low-affinity Michaelis-Menten saturation kinetics. Using galactose or arginine as energy sources, similar V max and K m values for ... | Characteristics and energy requirements of an alpha-aminoisobutyric acid transport system in Streptococcus lactis. Galactose-grown cells of Streptococcus lactis ML3 acculated alpha-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB) by using energy derived from glycolysis and arginine catabolism. The transport system displayed low-affinity Mic... | [
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PMID:8423 | Deoxyribonucleic acid-binding studies on the hut repressor and mutant forms of the hut repressor of Salmonella typhimurium. | In Salmonella typhimurium the genes coding for the enzymes of histidine utilization (hut) are clustered in two adjacent operons, hutMIGC and hut(P,R,Q)UH. A single repressor, the product of the C gene, regulates both operons by binding at two operator sites, one near M and one in (P,R,Q). The deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA... | Deoxyribonucleic acid-binding studies on the hut repressor and mutant forms of the hut repressor of Salmonella typhimurium. In Salmonella typhimurium the genes coding for the enzymes of histidine utilization (hut) are clustered in two adjacent operons, hutMIGC and hut(P,R,Q)UH. A single repressor, the product of the C ... | [
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PMID:8424 | Purification of properties of dihydroorotase, a zinc-containing metalloenzyme in Clostridium oroticum. | Dihydroorotase +4,5-L-dihydro-orotate amidohydrolase [EC 3.5.2.3]), which catalyzes the reversible cyclization of N-carbamyl-L-aspartate to L-dihydroorotate, has been purified from orotate-grown Clostridium oroticum. The enzyme is homogeneous when subjected to polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and is stable at pH 7.6 ... | Purification of properties of dihydroorotase, a zinc-containing metalloenzyme in Clostridium oroticum. Dihydroorotase +4,5-L-dihydro-orotate amidohydrolase [EC 3.5.2.3]), which catalyzes the reversible cyclization of N-carbamyl-L-aspartate to L-dihydroorotate, has been purified from orotate-grown Clostridium oroticum. ... | [
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PMID:8425 | Influence of amino acids on the growth of Bacteroides melaninogenicus. | Addition of individual amino acids to a Trypticase-yeast extract-hemin medium affected growth rates and final yields of an asaccharolytic strain and a saccharolytic strain of Bacteroides melaninogenicus. L-Aspartate or L-asparagine produced maximal growth enhancement for both strains. L-[14C]aspartate was fermented by ... | Influence of amino acids on the growth of Bacteroides melaninogenicus. Addition of individual amino acids to a Trypticase-yeast extract-hemin medium affected growth rates and final yields of an asaccharolytic strain and a saccharolytic strain of Bacteroides melaninogenicus. L-Aspartate or L-asparagine produced maximal ... | [
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PMID:8426 | Constitutive and repressivle enzymes of the common pathway of aromatic biosynthesis in Escherichia coli K-12: regulation of enzyme synthesis at different growth rates. | Synthesis of five of the enzymes of the common pathway of aromatic biosynthesis has been shown to be unaffected by either the aromatic amino acids--the product of the first reaction (3-deoxy-D-arabinoheptulosonic acid-7-phosphate) or the product of the last reaction (chorismate)--or by the state of regulator gene loci ... | Constitutive and repressivle enzymes of the common pathway of aromatic biosynthesis in Escherichia coli K-12: regulation of enzyme synthesis at different growth rates. Synthesis of five of the enzymes of the common pathway of aromatic biosynthesis has been shown to be unaffected by either the aromatic amino acids--the ... | [
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PMID:8427 | Characterization of L-asparagine transport systems in Stemphylium botryosum. | L-Asparagine uptake by Stemphylium botryosum is mediated by two distinct energy- and temperature-dependent transport systems. One permease is relatively specific for L-asparagine and L-glutamine and is present in nutrient-sufficient mycelium. The specific permease shows an optimum pH at 5.2, saturation kinetics (Km = 4... | Characterization of L-asparagine transport systems in Stemphylium botryosum. L-Asparagine uptake by Stemphylium botryosum is mediated by two distinct energy- and temperature-dependent transport systems. One permease is relatively specific for L-asparagine and L-glutamine and is present in nutrient-sufficient mycelium. ... | [
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PMID:8428 | Synthesis of omega-alicyclic fatty acids from cyclic precursors in Bacillus subtilis. | A mutant of Bacillus subtilis synthesizes a variety of omega-alicyclic fatty acids when fed with the respective alicyclic carboxylic acids. These fatty acids are: omega-cyclopropane, omega-cyclobutane, omega-cyclopentane, omega-cyclohexane, and omega-cyclohexene fatty acids. These unusual fatty acids did not lead to an... | Synthesis of omega-alicyclic fatty acids from cyclic precursors in Bacillus subtilis. A mutant of Bacillus subtilis synthesizes a variety of omega-alicyclic fatty acids when fed with the respective alicyclic carboxylic acids. These fatty acids are: omega-cyclopropane, omega-cyclobutane, omega-cyclopentane, omega-cycloh... | [
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PMID:8429 | Isolation and characterization of dihydropteridine reductase from Pseudomonas species. | Dihydropteridine reductase isolated from the bacterium Pseudomonas species (ATCC 11299a) has been purified approximately 450-fold byammonium sulfate precipitation and diethylaminoethyl-cellulose chromatographic procedures. The preparation is at least 80% pure as judged by polyacrylamide gels. Its molecular weight was d... | Isolation and characterization of dihydropteridine reductase from Pseudomonas species. Dihydropteridine reductase isolated from the bacterium Pseudomonas species (ATCC 11299a) has been purified approximately 450-fold byammonium sulfate precipitation and diethylaminoethyl-cellulose chromatographic procedures. The prepar... | [
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PMID:8430 | Factors affecting growth and nitrogen fixation of Spirillum lipoferum. | Spirillum lipoferum grows vigorously on malate, succinate, lactate, or pyruvate, moderately on galactose or acetate, and poorly on glucose or citrate. It reduces 15N2. Acetylene reduction rates decrease rapidly when the pH of the culture rises above 7.8. The organism is highly aerobic and had doubling times as low as 2... | Factors affecting growth and nitrogen fixation of Spirillum lipoferum. Spirillum lipoferum grows vigorously on malate, succinate, lactate, or pyruvate, moderately on galactose or acetate, and poorly on glucose or citrate. It reduces 15N2. Acetylene reduction rates decrease rapidly when the pH of the culture rises above... | [
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PMID:8431 | Ornithine delta-transaminase activity in Escherichia coli: its identity with acetylornithine delta-transaminase. | Procedures that have been developed for the purification of acetylornithine delta-transaminase from Escherichia coli W also lead to the simultaneous purification of ornithine delta-transaminase. These two enzymatic activities have the same electrophoretic mobility and are identical immunochemically. Studies of inhibiti... | Ornithine delta-transaminase activity in Escherichia coli: its identity with acetylornithine delta-transaminase. Procedures that have been developed for the purification of acetylornithine delta-transaminase from Escherichia coli W also lead to the simultaneous purification of ornithine delta-transaminase. These two en... | [
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PMID:8432 | Deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase from the extreme thermophile Thermus aquaticus. | A stable deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) polymerase (EC 2.7.7.7) with a temperature optimum of 80 degrees C has been purified from the extreme thermophile Thermus aquaticus. The enzyme is free from phosphomonoesterase, phosphodiesterase and single-stranded exonuclease activities. Maximal activity of the enzyme requires all... | Deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase from the extreme thermophile Thermus aquaticus. A stable deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) polymerase (EC 2.7.7.7) with a temperature optimum of 80 degrees C has been purified from the extreme thermophile Thermus aquaticus. The enzyme is free from phosphomonoesterase, phosphodiesterase and si... | [
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PMID:8433 | Studies on peroxisomes. VI. Relationship between the peroxisomal core and urate oxidase. | The peroxisomal core from the liver of rats was purified 450-fold as a marker of urate oxidase [EC 1.7.3.3.] activity. This preparation has a high specific activity of urate oxidase but not of other peroxisomal enzymes: D-amino acid oxidase [EC 1.4.3.3.], L-alpha-hydroxy acid oxidase [EC 1.1.3.15], or catalase [EC 1.11... | Studies on peroxisomes. VI. Relationship between the peroxisomal core and urate oxidase. The peroxisomal core from the liver of rats was purified 450-fold as a marker of urate oxidase [EC 1.7.3.3.] activity. This preparation has a high specific activity of urate oxidase but not of other peroxisomal enzymes: D-amino aci... | [
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PMID:8434 | Depolarization-induced calcium release from sarcoplasmic reticulum fragments. I. Release of calcium taken up upon using ATP. | Ca2& taken up by sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane fragments (SRF) upon using ATP could be released rapidly by changing the anion outside the vesicles from methanesulfonate to chloride. It is considered that this anion exchange caused depolarization of the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane. Similar rapid release of Ca2... | Depolarization-induced calcium release from sarcoplasmic reticulum fragments. I. Release of calcium taken up upon using ATP. Ca2& taken up by sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane fragments (SRF) upon using ATP could be released rapidly by changing the anion outside the vesicles from methanesulfonate to chloride. It is c... | [
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PMID:8435 | Depolarization-induced calcium release from sarcoplasmic reticulum fragments. II. Release of calcium incorporated with ATP. | Ca2& incorporated in vesicles of sarcoplasmic reticulum fragments (SRF) by diffusion could be released rapidly by changing the ionic environment, by dilution from methanesulfonate (MS) to chloride. This ion exchange is considered to make the membrane potential of SRF inside-negative. Much faster release of Ca2t was... | Depolarization-induced calcium release from sarcoplasmic reticulum fragments. II. Release of calcium incorporated with ATP. Ca2& incorporated in vesicles of sarcoplasmic reticulum fragments (SRF) by diffusion could be released rapidly by changing the ionic environment, by dilution from methanesulfonate (MS) to chlo... | [
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PMID:8436 | Partial proteolysis of some cellulase components from Trichoderma viride and the substrate specificity of the modified products. | An endo-cellulase component [EC 3.2.1.4] or random type, F II, was obtained from "Cellulase Onozuka," a commercial product from Trichoderma viride, and was subjected to partial proteolysiats with a protease preparation of the same fungal origin. The resulting modified cellulase was fractioned by two steps of column chr... | Partial proteolysis of some cellulase components from Trichoderma viride and the substrate specificity of the modified products. An endo-cellulase component [EC 3.2.1.4] or random type, F II, was obtained from "Cellulase Onozuka," a commercial product from Trichoderma viride, and was subjected to partial proteolysiats ... | [
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PMID:8437 | Purification and properties of an endo-cellulase of avicelase type from Irpex lacteus (Polyporus tulipiferae). | A culture filtrate of Irpex lacteus (Polyporus tulipiferae) was fractionated initially by salting out with ammonium sulfate, and a cellulase [EC 3.2.1.4.] fraction with high Avicel-hydrolyzing activity (formerly called Avicelase) was extensively purified by a series of column chromatography procedures. This purified en... | Purification and properties of an endo-cellulase of avicelase type from Irpex lacteus (Polyporus tulipiferae). A culture filtrate of Irpex lacteus (Polyporus tulipiferae) was fractionated initially by salting out with ammonium sulfate, and a cellulase [EC 3.2.1.4.] fraction with high Avicel-hydrolyzing activity (former... | [
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PMID:8438 | Xylanase activity of an endo-cellulase of carboxymethyl-cellulase type from Irpex lacteus (Polyporus tulipiferae). | An endo-cellulase [EC 3.2.1.4.] of carboxymethyl-cellulase type (F-1) which was fractionated from culture filtrate of Irpex lacetus and purified to electrophoretic and ultracentrifugal homogeneity, was found to show xylanase [EC 3.2.1.8.] activity. The activity was not removed from any of the intermediate fractions dur... | Xylanase activity of an endo-cellulase of carboxymethyl-cellulase type from Irpex lacteus (Polyporus tulipiferae). An endo-cellulase [EC 3.2.1.4.] of carboxymethyl-cellulase type (F-1) which was fractionated from culture filtrate of Irpex lacetus and purified to electrophoretic and ultracentrifugal homogeneity, was fou... | [
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PMID:8439 | Active transport of alanine by thermostable membrane vesicles isolated from a thermophilic bacterium. | 1. Thermostable membrane vesicles which were capable of active transport of alanine dependent on either respiration or an artificial membrane potential were isolated from the thermophilic aerobic bacterium PS3. 2. Uptake of alanine was dependent on the oxidation of ascorbate-phenazine methosulfate or on generated or ex... | Active transport of alanine by thermostable membrane vesicles isolated from a thermophilic bacterium. 1. Thermostable membrane vesicles which were capable of active transport of alanine dependent on either respiration or an artificial membrane potential were isolated from the thermophilic aerobic bacterium PS3. 2. Upta... | [
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PMID:8440 | Purification and characterization of methioninase from Pseudomonas putida. | Methioninase of Pseudomonas putida was purified to homogeneity, as judged by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, with a specific activity 270-fold higher than that of the crude extract. 1. The purified enzyme had an S20,w of 8.37, a molecular weight of 160,000, and an isoelectric point of 5.6. 2. A break in the Arrheni... | Purification and characterization of methioninase from Pseudomonas putida. Methioninase of Pseudomonas putida was purified to homogeneity, as judged by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, with a specific activity 270-fold higher than that of the crude extract. 1. The purified enzyme had an S20,w of 8.37, a molecular we... | [
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PMID:8441 | Purification and properties of the extracellular dextransucrase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-1299. | Dextransucrase [EC 2.4.1.5] activity from cell-free culture supernatant of Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-1299 was purified by (NH4)2SO4 fractionation, adsorption on hydroxyapatite, chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and gel filtration on Sephadex G-75. The extracellular enzyme was separated into two principal forms, e... | Purification and properties of the extracellular dextransucrase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-1299. Dextransucrase [EC 2.4.1.5] activity from cell-free culture supernatant of Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-1299 was purified by (NH4)2SO4 fractionation, adsorption on hydroxyapatite, chromatography on DEAE-cellu... | [
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PMID:8442 | Estimation of tryptophyl and tyrosyl exposure in tryptophan-rich proteins by ultraviolet difference spectrophotometry. Lysozyme and Chymotrypsinogen. | Ultraviolet difference absorption spectra produced by ethylene glycol were measured for hen lysozyme [EC 3.2.1.17] and bovine chymotrypsinogen. N-Acetyl-L-tryptophanamide and N-acetyl-L-tyrosinamide were employed as model compounds for tryptophyl and tyrosyl residues, respectively, and their ultraviolet difference spec... | Estimation of tryptophyl and tyrosyl exposure in tryptophan-rich proteins by ultraviolet difference spectrophotometry. Lysozyme and Chymotrypsinogen. Ultraviolet difference absorption spectra produced by ethylene glycol were measured for hen lysozyme [EC 3.2.1.17] and bovine chymotrypsinogen. N-Acetyl-L-tryptophanamide... | [
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PMID:8443 | Purification, crystallization, and some properties of creatine amidinohydrolase from Pseudomonas putida. | A method was developed for purification and crystallization of creatinase [creatine amidinohydrolase, EC 3.5.3.3] from Pseudomonas putida var. naraensis C-83. The purified preparation appeared homogeneous on disc electrophoresis and ultracentrifugation and had a molecular weight of 94,000. It was most active at pH 8 an... | Purification, crystallization, and some properties of creatine amidinohydrolase from Pseudomonas putida. A method was developed for purification and crystallization of creatinase [creatine amidinohydrolase, EC 3.5.3.3] from Pseudomonas putida var. naraensis C-83. The purified preparation appeared homogeneous on disc el... | [
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PMID:8444 | Charge transfer mediated by nigericin in black lipid membranes. | Nigericin, in the concentration range (10(-6) M or higher) at which it uncouples intact mitochondria, was found to increase the conductance of black lipid membranes (BLM) by several orders of magnitude. The dependence of the membrane conductance on pH and K+ concentration suggests a mechanism for the transfer of charge... | Charge transfer mediated by nigericin in black lipid membranes. Nigericin, in the concentration range (10(-6) M or higher) at which it uncouples intact mitochondria, was found to increase the conductance of black lipid membranes (BLM) by several orders of magnitude. The dependence of the membrane conductance on pH and ... | [
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PMID:8445 | Influence of surface potentials on the mitochondrial H+ pump and on lipid-phase transitions. | It has been shown that the surface potential of lipid membranes, as well as of mitochondria, can be shifted more positive by absorption of alkylbiguanides. Both phospholipid vesicles and natural membranes respond in an analogous way to this shift. Ion activities at the immediate membrane surface are influenced by sign ... | Influence of surface potentials on the mitochondrial H+ pump and on lipid-phase transitions. It has been shown that the surface potential of lipid membranes, as well as of mitochondria, can be shifted more positive by absorption of alkylbiguanides. Both phospholipid vesicles and natural membranes respond in an analogou... | [
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PMID:8446 | Evidence for multiple sites of ferricyanide reduction in chloroplasts. | Various sites of ferricyanide reduction were studied in spinach chloroplasts. It was found that in the presence of dibromothymoquinone a fraction of ferricyanide reduction was dibromothymoquinone sensitive, implying that ferricyanide can be reduced by photosystem I as well as photosystem II. To separate ferricyanide re... | Evidence for multiple sites of ferricyanide reduction in chloroplasts. Various sites of ferricyanide reduction were studied in spinach chloroplasts. It was found that in the presence of dibromothymoquinone a fraction of ferricyanide reduction was dibromothymoquinone sensitive, implying that ferricyanide can be reduced ... | [
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PMID:8447 | Rates of phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of phosphoglycerate mutase and bisphosphoglycerate synthase. | Phosphoglycerate mutase and bisphosphoglycerate synthase (mutase) can both be phosphorylated by either glycerate-1,3-P2 or glycerate-2,3-P2 to form phosphohistidine enzymes. The present study uses a rapid quench procedure to determine if, for each enzyme, the formation of the phosphorylated enzyme and phosphate transfe... | Rates of phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of phosphoglycerate mutase and bisphosphoglycerate synthase. Phosphoglycerate mutase and bisphosphoglycerate synthase (mutase) can both be phosphorylated by either glycerate-1,3-P2 or glycerate-2,3-P2 to form phosphohistidine enzymes. The present study uses a rapid quench ... | [
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PMID:8448 | 5-Iodo-5'-amino-2',5'-dideoxyuridine-5'-N'-triphosphate. Synthesis, chemical properties, and effect on Escherichia coli thymidine kinase activity. | 5-Iodo-5'-amino-2',5'-dideoxyuridine-5'-N'-triphosphate (AIdUTP), a phosphoramidate analog of 5-iodo-2',5'-dideoxyuridine 5'-triphosphate (IdUTP), was synthesized and some of its chemical and biological properties were investigated. Although AIdUTP is stable in alkaline solutions, below pH 8 it undergoes degradation by... | 5-Iodo-5'-amino-2',5'-dideoxyuridine-5'-N'-triphosphate. Synthesis, chemical properties, and effect on Escherichia coli thymidine kinase activity. 5-Iodo-5'-amino-2',5'-dideoxyuridine-5'-N'-triphosphate (AIdUTP), a phosphoramidate analog of 5-iodo-2',5'-dideoxyuridine 5'-triphosphate (IdUTP), was synthesized and some o... | [
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PMID:8449 | Purification, properties, and substrate specificities of phosphoprotein phosphatase(s) from rabbit liver. | The phosphoprotein phosphatase(s) acting on muscle phosphorylase a was purified from rabbit liver by acid precipitation, high speed centrifugation, chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex A-50, Sephadex G-75, and Sepharose-histone. Enzyme activity was recovered in the final step as two distinct peaks tentatively referred to as... | Purification, properties, and substrate specificities of phosphoprotein phosphatase(s) from rabbit liver. The phosphoprotein phosphatase(s) acting on muscle phosphorylase a was purified from rabbit liver by acid precipitation, high speed centrifugation, chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex A-50, Sephadex G-75, and Sepharose... | [
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PMID:8450 | Nucleophilic addition reactions of free and enzyme-bound deazaflavin. | DeazaFMN-containing glycolate oxidase has been prepared and shown to catalyze the stereospecific transfer of the alpha-hydrogen from substrate to enzyme-bound deazaFMN. The reaction of sulfite, cyanide, and hydroxylamine with several deazaflavin-containing enzymes (glycolate oxidase, D-amino acid oxidase, glucose oxida... | Nucleophilic addition reactions of free and enzyme-bound deazaflavin. DeazaFMN-containing glycolate oxidase has been prepared and shown to catalyze the stereospecific transfer of the alpha-hydrogen from substrate to enzyme-bound deazaFMN. The reaction of sulfite, cyanide, and hydroxylamine with several deazaflavin-cont... | [
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PMID:8451 | Formation and properties of retinylphosphate galactose. | Crude cell membrane fractions from a number of tissues can form acidic glycolipids. The formation of acidic galactose lipid and mannose lipid was greatly reduced in vitamin A deficiency, primarily in tissues known to be mucus-producing. Mouse mastocytoma tissue was active in forming acidic galactose lipids with UDP-gal... | Formation and properties of retinylphosphate galactose. Crude cell membrane fractions from a number of tissues can form acidic glycolipids. The formation of acidic galactose lipid and mannose lipid was greatly reduced in vitamin A deficiency, primarily in tissues known to be mucus-producing. Mouse mastocytoma tissue wa... | [
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PMID:8452 | The allosteric regulation of hexokinase C from amphibian liver. | A type C hexokinase (ATP:D-hexose-6-phosphotransferase EC 2.7.1.1) was partially purified from the liver of the frog Calyptocephalella caudiverbera. The enzyme is inhibited by glucose levels in the range of normal blood sugar concentrations. The extent of the inhibition by glucose depends on the concentration of ATP, b... | The allosteric regulation of hexokinase C from amphibian liver. A type C hexokinase (ATP:D-hexose-6-phosphotransferase EC 2.7.1.1) was partially purified from the liver of the frog Calyptocephalella caudiverbera. The enzyme is inhibited by glucose levels in the range of normal blood sugar concentrations. The extent of ... | [
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PMID:8453 | Mechanism of rat liver microsomal stearyl-CoA desaturase. Studies of the substrate specificity, enzyme-substrate interactions, and the function of lipid. | The three purified proteins which are required for microsomal stearyl-CoA desaturation, NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase, cytochrome b5, and desaturase, have been combined with egg lecithin or dimyristyl lecithin vesicles to reconstruct a functional electron transport system capable of utilizing NADH and O2 in the desatura... | Mechanism of rat liver microsomal stearyl-CoA desaturase. Studies of the substrate specificity, enzyme-substrate interactions, and the function of lipid. The three purified proteins which are required for microsomal stearyl-CoA desaturation, NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase, cytochrome b5, and desaturase, have been combine... | [
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PMID:8454 | Effect of ethanesulfonic acid buffers and pH on the accumulation of a nervous system-specific protein (S-100) and a glial-enriched enzyme in a clonal line of rat astrocytes (C6). | Stationary phase cultures of a clonal line of rat astrocytes (C6) were maintained at pH values ranging from 6.0 to 8.4 using media buffered with various combinations of organic buffers or graded concentrations of bicarbonate ion at a constant CO2 tension. The accumulation of a soluble acidic protein unique to the nervo... | Effect of ethanesulfonic acid buffers and pH on the accumulation of a nervous system-specific protein (S-100) and a glial-enriched enzyme in a clonal line of rat astrocytes (C6). Stationary phase cultures of a clonal line of rat astrocytes (C6) were maintained at pH values ranging from 6.0 to 8.4 using media buffered w... | [
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PMID:8455 | Titration behavior of individual tyrosine residues of myoglobins from sperm whale, horse, and red kangaroo. | The titration behavior of individual tyrosine residues of myoglobins has been studied by observing the pH dependence of the chemical shifts of Czeta and Cgamma of these residues in natural abundance of 13C Fourier transform NMR spectra (at 15.18 MHz, in 20-mm sample tubes, at 37 degrees) of cyanoferrimyoglobins from sp... | Titration behavior of individual tyrosine residues of myoglobins from sperm whale, horse, and red kangaroo. The titration behavior of individual tyrosine residues of myoglobins has been studied by observing the pH dependence of the chemical shifts of Czeta and Cgamma of these residues in natural abundance of 13C Fourie... | [
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PMID:8456 | Studies on the alpha-adrenergic activation of hepatic glucose output. I. Studies on the alpha-adrenergic activation of phosphorylase and gluconeogenesis and inactivation of glycogen synthase in isolated rat liver parenchymal cells. | Epinephrine and the alpha-adrenergic agonist phenylephrine activated phosphorylase, glycogenolysis, and gluconeogenesis from lactate in a dose-dependent manner in isolated rat liver parenchymal cells. The half-maximally active dose of epinephrine was 10-7 M and of phenylephrine was 10(-6) M. These effects were blocked ... | Studies on the alpha-adrenergic activation of hepatic glucose output. I. Studies on the alpha-adrenergic activation of phosphorylase and gluconeogenesis and inactivation of glycogen synthase in isolated rat liver parenchymal cells. Epinephrine and the alpha-adrenergic agonist phenylephrine activated phosphorylase, glyc... | [
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PMID:8457 | Studies on the alpha-andrenergic activation of hepatic glucose output. II. Investigation of the roles of adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate and adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase in the actions of phenylephrine in isolated hepatocytes. | The effects of the alpha-adrenergic agonist phenylephrine on the levels of adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate (cAMP) and the activity of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase in isolated rat liver parenchymal cells were studied. Cyclic AMP was very slightly (5 to 13%) increased in cells incubated with phenylephrine at a concent... | Studies on the alpha-andrenergic activation of hepatic glucose output. II. Investigation of the roles of adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate and adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase in the actions of phenylephrine in isolated hepatocytes. The effects of the alpha-adrenergic agonist phenylephrine on the leve... | [
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PMID:8458 | Reactivity of the phosphopyridoxal groups of cystathionase. | Aminooxyacetate and alpha-amino-gamma-aminooxybutyrate (canaline) react specifically with the P-pyridoxal groups of cystathionase to produce characteristic changes in the absorption and fluorescence properties of the bound cofactor. The increase in fluorescence at 450 nm was used to monitor the reaction. Aminooxyacetat... | Reactivity of the phosphopyridoxal groups of cystathionase. Aminooxyacetate and alpha-amino-gamma-aminooxybutyrate (canaline) react specifically with the P-pyridoxal groups of cystathionase to produce characteristic changes in the absorption and fluorescence properties of the bound cofactor. The increase in fluorescenc... | [
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PMID:8459 | Digestion of native collagen, denatured collagen, and collagen fragments by extracts of rat liver lysosomes. | Extracts of highly purified lysosomes from rat liver were examined for their ability to degrade native collagen and thermally denatured collagen at pH values between 3.5 and 7.0. After a 24-h digestion at 36 degrees with the lysosomal extract at a pH of 5.5 or lower (collagen/lysosomal protein; 2/1 or 8/1), both native... | Digestion of native collagen, denatured collagen, and collagen fragments by extracts of rat liver lysosomes. Extracts of highly purified lysosomes from rat liver were examined for their ability to degrade native collagen and thermally denatured collagen at pH values between 3.5 and 7.0. After a 24-h digestion at 36 deg... | [
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PMID:8460 | Oxidative phosphorylation in right-side-out membrane vesicles from Escherichia coli. | Oxidative phosphorylation in Escherichia coli membrane vesicles with a right-side-out orientation and loaded with ADP was investigated. Substrates of the electron transport chain could energize the phosphorylation of ADP, with the order of effectiveness being D-lactate greater than reduced phenazinemethosulfate greater... | Oxidative phosphorylation in right-side-out membrane vesicles from Escherichia coli. Oxidative phosphorylation in Escherichia coli membrane vesicles with a right-side-out orientation and loaded with ADP was investigated. Substrates of the electron transport chain could energize the phosphorylation of ADP, with the orde... | [
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PMID:8461 | Interaction of phenols with old yellow enzyme. Physical evidence for charge-transfer complexes. | Evidence is presented that the changes in absorption spectrum obtained on complex formation between Old Yellow Enzyme and phenolic compounds are due to charge-transfer interactions. The positive correlation between the energy of the long wavelength transition and the Hammett para constant with a series of para-substitu... | Interaction of phenols with old yellow enzyme. Physical evidence for charge-transfer complexes. Evidence is presented that the changes in absorption spectrum obtained on complex formation between Old Yellow Enzyme and phenolic compounds are due to charge-transfer interactions. The positive correlation between the energ... | [
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PMID:8462 | Characterization of calcium binding to adipocyte plasma membranes. | Calcium binding to adipocyte plasma membranes has been assessed by equilibrium dialysis and by membrane filtration techniques. Calcium binding was specific and saturable, displaying two distinct classes of binding sites. The affinity constants and maximum binding capacities in the presence of 0.1 M KCl were 4.5 X 10(4)... | Characterization of calcium binding to adipocyte plasma membranes. Calcium binding to adipocyte plasma membranes has been assessed by equilibrium dialysis and by membrane filtration techniques. Calcium binding was specific and saturable, displaying two distinct classes of binding sites. The affinity constants and maxim... | [
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PMID:8463 | Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, a structural and conformational probe of chicken liver fatty acid synthetase. | Structural and conformational organization of chicken liver fatty acid synthetase has been probed using its fluorescent coenzyme, NADPH. Three NADPH binding sites per mole of the enzyme complex, of apparently identical dissociation constant (KD = 0.6 muM) can be titrated at temperatures above 12 degrees. These results ... | Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, a structural and conformational probe of chicken liver fatty acid synthetase. Structural and conformational organization of chicken liver fatty acid synthetase has been probed using its fluorescent coenzyme, NADPH. Three NADPH binding sites per mole of the enzyme com... | [
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PMID:8464 | Identification of the covalently bound flavin of thiamin dehydrogenase. | Thiamin dehydrogenase, a flavoprotein isolated from an unidentified soil bacterium, contains 1 mol of covalently bound FAD/mol of enzyme. A flavin peptide, isolated from tryptic-chymotryptic digests of the enzyme and hydrolyzed to the FMN level, shows a pH-dependent fluorescence yield being maximal at pH 3.5 to 4.0 and... | Identification of the covalently bound flavin of thiamin dehydrogenase. Thiamin dehydrogenase, a flavoprotein isolated from an unidentified soil bacterium, contains 1 mol of covalently bound FAD/mol of enzyme. A flavin peptide, isolated from tryptic-chymotryptic digests of the enzyme and hydrolyzed to the FMN level, sh... | [
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PMID:8465 | Association of the Ah locus with specific changes in metyrapone and ethylisocyanide binding to mouse liver microsomes. | The genetic trait of "responsiveness," which refers to the capacity for induction of cytochrome P-448 and numerous monooxygenase activities by certain aromatic hydrocarbons, is known to segregate almost exclusively as a single autosomal dominant gene among progeny of appropriate crosses originating from the responsive ... | Association of the Ah locus with specific changes in metyrapone and ethylisocyanide binding to mouse liver microsomes. The genetic trait of "responsiveness," which refers to the capacity for induction of cytochrome P-448 and numerous monooxygenase activities by certain aromatic hydrocarbons, is known to segregate almos... | [
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PMID:8466 | Gallium-67 citrate scintiscanning in testicular neoplasia. | Gallium-67 citrate has been used to evaluate 19 patients with malignant tumors of the testes. Five patients with abnormal uptake of the radiotracer in the abdomen proved to have other evidence confirming metastatic spread to this site. Eight patients, with normal scan findings, surgery and lymphangiorgraphy, provided n... | Gallium-67 citrate scintiscanning in testicular neoplasia. Gallium-67 citrate has been used to evaluate 19 patients with malignant tumors of the testes. Five patients with abnormal uptake of the radiotracer in the abdomen proved to have other evidence confirming metastatic spread to this site. Eight patients, with norm... | [
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PMID:8467 | The partial replacement of the serum growth factor requirement of SV3T3 cells by lactalbumin hydrolyzate. | Lactalbumin hydrolyzate (LH), a commercially prepared, enzymatic digest of a milk protein fraction, can partially replace the serum requirement of SV3T3 cells. In a low, but obligatory, background of calf serum (0.15% v/v), LH carses a large increase in the final cell density (5-10 x over the control) while modestly st... | The partial replacement of the serum growth factor requirement of SV3T3 cells by lactalbumin hydrolyzate. Lactalbumin hydrolyzate (LH), a commercially prepared, enzymatic digest of a milk protein fraction, can partially replace the serum requirement of SV3T3 cells. In a low, but obligatory, background of calf serum (0.... | [
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PMID:8468 | Energy metabolism in respiration-deficient and wild type Chinese hamster fibroblasts in culture. | This paper presents a comparison of energy metabolism in wild type and respiration-deficient Chinese hamster cells. From previous work (DeFrancesco et. al., '75) it was concluded that the mutant satisfies essentially all of its energy requirements from glycolysis and in this study we measure precisely the amount of glu... | Energy metabolism in respiration-deficient and wild type Chinese hamster fibroblasts in culture. This paper presents a comparison of energy metabolism in wild type and respiration-deficient Chinese hamster cells. From previous work (DeFrancesco et. al., '75) it was concluded that the mutant satisfies essentially all of... | [
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PMID:8469 | Central nervous system pH in uremia and the effects of hemodialysis. | Rapid hemodialysis of uremic animals may induce a syndrome characterized by increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure, grand mal seizures, and electroencephalographic abnormalities. There is a fall in pH and bicarbonate concentration in CSF, and brain osmolality exceeds that of plasma, resulting in a net movement of... | Central nervous system pH in uremia and the effects of hemodialysis. Rapid hemodialysis of uremic animals may induce a syndrome characterized by increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure, grand mal seizures, and electroencephalographic abnormalities. There is a fall in pH and bicarbonate concentration in CSF, and br... | [
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PMID:8470 | Activation-induced restoration of sensorimotor functions in rats with dopamine-depleting brain lesions. | Bilateral electrolytic lesions of the lateral hypothalamus or intraventricular 6-hydroxydopamine injections produced substantial depletions of striatal dopamine in rates. All animals with brain damage showed marked sensorimotor impairments. However, they began to move and respond appropriately to environmental stimuli ... | Activation-induced restoration of sensorimotor functions in rats with dopamine-depleting brain lesions. Bilateral electrolytic lesions of the lateral hypothalamus or intraventricular 6-hydroxydopamine injections produced substantial depletions of striatal dopamine in rates. All animals with brain damage showed marked s... | [
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PMID:8471 | Homogenized milk: is it really the culprit in dietary-induced atherosclerosis? | Xanthine oxidase activity was assayed in commercial samples of homogenized milk subjected to pH ranging from 6.7 to 2.0 and held at room temperature for 5 min. Activity decreased sharply between pH 5.5 and 3.2. Below pH 3.2 no activity was detected. Also, rabbit anti-bovine xanthine oxidase failed to crossreact immunol... | Homogenized milk: is it really the culprit in dietary-induced atherosclerosis? Xanthine oxidase activity was assayed in commercial samples of homogenized milk subjected to pH ranging from 6.7 to 2.0 and held at room temperature for 5 min. Activity decreased sharply between pH 5.5 and 3.2. Below pH 3.2 no activity was d... | [
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PMID:8473 | Biological aspects of leukotactic factors. | Quantitation of leukotaxis involves direct visualization of migrated cells either as total cell numbers or according to depth of penetration of cells into filters. Newer approaches utilize radioactively labeled cells or movement in gel. Considerable controversy exists regarding the structural attributes of chemotactic ... | Biological aspects of leukotactic factors. Quantitation of leukotaxis involves direct visualization of migrated cells either as total cell numbers or according to depth of penetration of cells into filters. Newer approaches utilize radioactively labeled cells or movement in gel. Considerable controversy exists regardin... | [
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PMID:8567 | Monoamine-synthesizing enzymes in central dopaminergic, noradrenergic and serotonergic neurons. Immunocytochemical localization by light and electron microscopy. | The monoamine-synthesizing enzymes tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) and tryptophan hydroxylase (TrH) were immunocytochemical localized in dopaminergic, noradrenergic and serotonergic neurons of rat brain by light and electron microscopy. In dopaminergic and serotonergic neurons, the respective... | Monoamine-synthesizing enzymes in central dopaminergic, noradrenergic and serotonergic neurons. Immunocytochemical localization by light and electron microscopy. The monoamine-synthesizing enzymes tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) and tryptophan hydroxylase (TrH) were immunocytochemical localiz... | [
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PMID:8568 | Separation of slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A) from human lung into four biologically active fractions. | Slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A) was released from human lung passively sensitized with ragweed antibody and challenged with specific antigen E. After purification by ethanol extraction, incubation with alkali (0.1 M NaOH for 30 min at 37 degrees C) and chromatography on silicic acid and DEAE-cellulose, h... | Separation of slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A) from human lung into four biologically active fractions. Slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A) was released from human lung passively sensitized with ragweed antibody and challenged with specific antigen E. After purification by ethanol extraction, i... | [
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PMID:8569 | Ability of H-2 regions to induce graft-vs-host disease. | Individual young adult F1 hybrid mice were irradiated with 500 R and 24 hr later injected with 5 X 10(7) spleen cells obtained from a sex-matched parental-strain donor. The injected animals were then followed for a period of 3 months and loss of body weight, mortality rate, and other signs of fatal graft-vs-host diseas... | Ability of H-2 regions to induce graft-vs-host disease. Individual young adult F1 hybrid mice were irradiated with 500 R and 24 hr later injected with 5 X 10(7) spleen cells obtained from a sex-matched parental-strain donor. The injected animals were then followed for a period of 3 months and loss of body weight, morta... | [
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PMID:8570 | Purification, specificity, and hypervariable region sequence of anti-pneumococcal polysaccharide antibodies elicited in a single rabbit. | Four homogeneous antibodies to type VIII pneumococcal polysaccharide (S8) were isolated from the serum of a single rabbit (3322) by affinity chromatography on an S8 immunoadsoebent by utilizing gradient elution with cellobiose and NaCl. The binding properties of these antibodies were determined by a radioimmunoassay wi... | Purification, specificity, and hypervariable region sequence of anti-pneumococcal polysaccharide antibodies elicited in a single rabbit. Four homogeneous antibodies to type VIII pneumococcal polysaccharide (S8) were isolated from the serum of a single rabbit (3322) by affinity chromatography on an S8 immunoadsoebent by... | [
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PMID:8571 | Participation of cyclophosphamide-sensitive T cells in graft-vs-host reactions. | Cyclophosphamide (CY)3 is toxic for a population of mouse T cells which is active in graft vs host (GVH) responses. This observation contrasts with previous reports which indicate that treatment of mice with CY regimens, similar to those used in this study, enhances the reactivity of T cells which mediate delayed type ... | Participation of cyclophosphamide-sensitive T cells in graft-vs-host reactions. Cyclophosphamide (CY)3 is toxic for a population of mouse T cells which is active in graft vs host (GVH) responses. This observation contrasts with previous reports which indicate that treatment of mice with CY regimens, similar to those us... | [
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PMID:8573 | Degradation of gastrin by gastric mucosal cells. | Specific binding of radiolabeled gastrin by gastric mucosal cells prepared from guinea pigs was detected and examined. Specific cell binding of gastrin was found to be both pH and temperature dependent. Maximum binding of radiolabeled gastrin by gastric mucosal cells was demonstrated at pH 7.4 and at 4 degrees C. Subst... | Degradation of gastrin by gastric mucosal cells. Specific binding of radiolabeled gastrin by gastric mucosal cells prepared from guinea pigs was detected and examined. Specific cell binding of gastrin was found to be both pH and temperature dependent. Maximum binding of radiolabeled gastrin by gastric mucosal cells was... | [
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PMID:8574 | Renal acidification in sickle-cell disease. | Renal acidification was evaluated in patients with sickle-cell disease (HvSS) with both oral NH4CI and NaHC03 and the results were compared to those of subjects with sickle-cell trait (HbAS) and controls. The pH of arterial blood was normal in HbSS subjects but their PC02 and [HC03] were lower than those of controls. I... | Renal acidification in sickle-cell disease. Renal acidification was evaluated in patients with sickle-cell disease (HvSS) with both oral NH4CI and NaHC03 and the results were compared to those of subjects with sickle-cell trait (HbAS) and controls. The pH of arterial blood was normal in HbSS subjects but their PC02 and... | [
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PMID:8575 | Inflammatory reaction and airway damage in cystic fibrosis. | In cystic fibrosis there is chronic infection and inflammatory reaction in the airways, accompanied by destruction and shedding of airway epithelium. Leukocytes migrate into the airways and some disintegrate, liberating deoxyribonucleoprotein that is incorporated into the gel structure of the bronchial mucus. We compar... | Inflammatory reaction and airway damage in cystic fibrosis. In cystic fibrosis there is chronic infection and inflammatory reaction in the airways, accompanied by destruction and shedding of airway epithelium. Leukocytes migrate into the airways and some disintegrate, liberating deoxyribonucleoprotein that is incorpora... | [
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PMID:8578 | In vitro demonstration of a particular affinity of glomerular basement membrane and collagen for DNA. A possible basis for a local formation of DNA-anti-DNA complexes in systemic lupus erythematosus. | In vitro, collagen and collagen-like material in GBM, were demonstrated to have a particular high affinity for any DNA tested (mammalian, bacterial, viral, and plant). GBM fixed DNA 40-80 times more than HGG and BSA and 10-40 times more than bacterial LPS. GBM has a higher affinity for SSDNA than for DSDNA. This bindin... | In vitro demonstration of a particular affinity of glomerular basement membrane and collagen for DNA. A possible basis for a local formation of DNA-anti-DNA complexes in systemic lupus erythematosus. In vitro, collagen and collagen-like material in GBM, were demonstrated to have a particular high affinity for any DNA t... | [
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PMID:8579 | The mediator of cellular immunity. XII. Inhibition of activated T cells by Newcastle disease virus. | Newcastle disease virus (NDV) can interact in at least two ways with rat T cells. By adsorbing to circulating lymphocytes, the virus can transiently deflect the cells from lymph nodes and inflammatory exudates induced in the peritoneal cavity. T cells are affected regardless of age, state of activation, or position in ... | The mediator of cellular immunity. XII. Inhibition of activated T cells by Newcastle disease virus. Newcastle disease virus (NDV) can interact in at least two ways with rat T cells. By adsorbing to circulating lymphocytes, the virus can transiently deflect the cells from lymph nodes and inflammatory exudates induced in... | [
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PMID:8580 | An improved method for the determination of creatine kinase activity in serum. | An improved method for the determination of creatine kinase activity (EC 2.7.3.2) is described. For the reactivation of creatine kinase serum is first preincubated in the test solution in the presence of dithioerythritol. Then the enzymatic reaction is started by adding creatine phosphate. By optimizing the concentrati... | An improved method for the determination of creatine kinase activity in serum. An improved method for the determination of creatine kinase activity (EC 2.7.3.2) is described. For the reactivation of creatine kinase serum is first preincubated in the test solution in the presence of dithioerythritol. Then the enzymatic ... | [
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PMID:8581 | [The determination of cystine aminopoptidase (oxytocinase) with a ENI fast analyzer (author's transl)]. | A procedure for the determination of cystine aminopeptidase activity was adapted to a fast analyzer. The various reaction parameters were checked. The precision of the method was about 5%. Cystine aminopeptidase activity was stable for long storage periods at +4 degrees C and -20 degrees C. The normal range for the ter... | [The determination of cystine aminopoptidase (oxytocinase) with a ENI fast analyzer (author's transl)]. A procedure for the determination of cystine aminopeptidase activity was adapted to a fast analyzer. The various reaction parameters were checked. The precision of the method was about 5%. Cystine aminopeptidase acti... | [
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PMID:8583 | Spectrophotometric studies on the pH of frog skeletal muscle. PH change during and after contractile activity. | The spectral characteristics of the pH-sensitive dyes neutral red (NR) and bromcresol purple (BCP) were utilized for studies of the changing intracellular pH (pHi) of sartorius muscles from Rana pipiens, both during the course of an isometric twitch and during recovery metabolism subsequent to a train of twitches. The ... | Spectrophotometric studies on the pH of frog skeletal muscle. PH change during and after contractile activity. The spectral characteristics of the pH-sensitive dyes neutral red (NR) and bromcresol purple (BCP) were utilized for studies of the changing intracellular pH (pHi) of sartorius muscles from Rana pipiens, both ... | [
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PMID:8584 | Acetyl-CoA production and utilization during growth of the facultative methylotroph Pseudomonas AM1 on ethanol, malonate and 3-hydroxybutyrate. | In Pseudomonas AM1, conversion of 3-hydroxybutyrate to acetyl-CoA is mediated by an inducible 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, an acetoacetate: succinate coenzyme A transferase (specific for succinyl-CoA) and an inducible beta-ketothiolase. Ethanol is oxidized to acetate by the same enzymes as are involved in methanol ... | Acetyl-CoA production and utilization during growth of the facultative methylotroph Pseudomonas AM1 on ethanol, malonate and 3-hydroxybutyrate. In Pseudomonas AM1, conversion of 3-hydroxybutyrate to acetyl-CoA is mediated by an inducible 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, an acetoacetate: succinate coenzyme A transferase... | [
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PMID:8585 | Defined and semi-defined media for the growth of amoebae of Physarum polycephalum. | Amoebae of the true slime mould Physarum polycephalum were cultured in two fully-defined liquid media containing amino acids, glucose, three vitamins and a buffered salts solution. Absolute requirements were demonstrated for methionine, haematin, thiamine and biotin, all of which were known to be specific requirements ... | Defined and semi-defined media for the growth of amoebae of Physarum polycephalum. Amoebae of the true slime mould Physarum polycephalum were cultured in two fully-defined liquid media containing amino acids, glucose, three vitamins and a buffered salts solution. Absolute requirements were demonstrated for methionine, ... | [
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PMID:8586 | Formation of ethylene by Escherichia coli. | Escherichia coli strain SPA O converts methionine to ethylene by an inducible enzyme system. L-Cysteine, L-homocysteine, methionine derivatives and the sulphur-containing analogues of L-methionine also act as precursors of ethylene. Ethylene is produced by cell suspensions only in the presence of air; cell-free prepara... | Formation of ethylene by Escherichia coli. Escherichia coli strain SPA O converts methionine to ethylene by an inducible enzyme system. L-Cysteine, L-homocysteine, methionine derivatives and the sulphur-containing analogues of L-methionine also act as precursors of ethylene. Ethylene is produced by cell suspensions onl... | [
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PMID:8587 | The regulation of glutamine transport and glutamine synthetase in Salmonella typhimurium. | Transport of glutamine by the high-affinity transport system is regulated by the nitrogen status of the medium. With high concentrations of ammonia, transport is repressed; whereas with Casamino acids, transport is elevated, showing behaviour similar to glutamine synthetase. A glutamine auxotroph, lacking glutamine syn... | The regulation of glutamine transport and glutamine synthetase in Salmonella typhimurium. Transport of glutamine by the high-affinity transport system is regulated by the nitrogen status of the medium. With high concentrations of ammonia, transport is repressed; whereas with Casamino acids, transport is elevated, showi... | [
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PMID:8589 | Electrodermal, cardiac, and respiratory activity to repeated cold pressor stimulation in drug addicts. | Skin conductance responses (SCRs), heart rate (HR), and respiration were recorded in various rest, cold pressor (CP), and CP recovery phases in 20 former drug users (DG) and 20 control Ss (CG), matched on sex and age in a repeated measures design. With regard to the abused drugs (barbiturates and narcotic analgesics), ... | Electrodermal, cardiac, and respiratory activity to repeated cold pressor stimulation in drug addicts. Skin conductance responses (SCRs), heart rate (HR), and respiration were recorded in various rest, cold pressor (CP), and CP recovery phases in 20 former drug users (DG) and 20 control Ss (CG), matched on sex and age ... | [
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PMID:8592 | Physiological and pharmacological aids in the differential diagnosis of tremor. | Physiological and pharmacological studies of more than 150 patients with movement disorders are reported. Particular attention is paid to the differentiation of various types of tremor on the basis of rate, rhythm, and pattern of EMG activity in antagonistic muscles. The typical 'tremor-at-rest' of Parkinson's disease-... | Physiological and pharmacological aids in the differential diagnosis of tremor. Physiological and pharmacological studies of more than 150 patients with movement disorders are reported. Particular attention is paid to the differentiation of various types of tremor on the basis of rate, rhythm, and pattern of EMG activi... | [
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PMID:8601 | The reliability of pH-values in fetal blood samples - A study of the second stage. | In 119 cases fetal blood analysis (FBA) was done in the last 15 minutes before birth together with blood sampling from the umbilical artery (UA) immediately after delivery before the first breath. Using the measured pH-values we investigated the relationship between these variables, in particular the degree of influenc... | The reliability of pH-values in fetal blood samples - A study of the second stage. In 119 cases fetal blood analysis (FBA) was done in the last 15 minutes before birth together with blood sampling from the umbilical artery (UA) immediately after delivery before the first breath. Using the measured pH-values we investig... | [
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PMID:8604 | Interfacial properties of polymethyl alpha-cyanoacrylate and polybutyl alpha-cyanoacrylate. | Several physical properties of two polyalkyl alpha-cyanoacrylates relevant to their use in pharmaceutical dosage forms have been investigated. Formation of polymer films at several oil-water interfaces reveals films of diverse morphology. The retardation of solute transfer across an oil-water interface caused by the pr... | Interfacial properties of polymethyl alpha-cyanoacrylate and polybutyl alpha-cyanoacrylate. Several physical properties of two polyalkyl alpha-cyanoacrylates relevant to their use in pharmaceutical dosage forms have been investigated. Formation of polymer films at several oil-water interfaces reveals films of diverse m... | [
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PMID:8605 | Colorimetric analysis of immunogenic impurities in acetylsalicylic acid. | A rapid and convenient colorimetric method is described for the quantitative determination of the immunogenic impurities in acetylsalicylic acid, acetylsalicylsalicylic acid and acetylsalicylic anhydride. The method involves initial aminolysis of the compounds by ammonia to give salicylamide and subsequent coupling of ... | Colorimetric analysis of immunogenic impurities in acetylsalicylic acid. A rapid and convenient colorimetric method is described for the quantitative determination of the immunogenic impurities in acetylsalicylic acid, acetylsalicylsalicylic acid and acetylsalicylic anhydride. The method involves initial aminolysis of ... | [
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PMID:8606 | Methylmercury and the skeletal muscle receptor. | Methylmercury at bath concentration of 2 X 10(-5) M was capable of inhibiting muscular contractions of the isolated rat phrenic-nerve hemidiaphragm preparation. At the height of inhibition, nerve action potential could still be recorded and the muscles continued to respond to direct stimulation. The inhibition was not ... | Methylmercury and the skeletal muscle receptor. Methylmercury at bath concentration of 2 X 10(-5) M was capable of inhibiting muscular contractions of the isolated rat phrenic-nerve hemidiaphragm preparation. At the height of inhibition, nerve action potential could still be recorded and the muscles continued to respon... | [
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PMID:8607 | A method for screening diuretic agents in the mouse: an investigation of sexual differences. | Acetazolamide, aminophyline, frusemide, ethacrynic acid and triamterene were tested for diuretic action at dosages of 3, 10 and 30 mg kg-1 (s.c.) in male and female mice. Each drug significantly raised sodium excretion and all but acetazolamide elevated urine volume and chloride excretion. Potassium excretion was signi... | A method for screening diuretic agents in the mouse: an investigation of sexual differences. Acetazolamide, aminophyline, frusemide, ethacrynic acid and triamterene were tested for diuretic action at dosages of 3, 10 and 30 mg kg-1 (s.c.) in male and female mice. Each drug significantly raised sodium excretion and all ... | [
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PMID:8608 | Anti-inflammatory actions of dapsone and its related biochemistry. | Dapsone has been examined by two established animal anti-inflammatory models and found to possess anti-inflammatory activity comparable with established non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Dapsone also possess some biochemical properties common to other anti-inflammatory drugs. | Anti-inflammatory actions of dapsone and its related biochemistry. Dapsone has been examined by two established animal anti-inflammatory models and found to possess anti-inflammatory activity comparable with established non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Dapsone also possess some biochemical properties common to ot... | [
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PMID:8609 | Brain tyrosine hydroxylase activity and systolic blood pressure in rats treated with either deoxycorticosterone and salt or angiotensin. | The hypertension induced in adult male rats by doca/salt was found to be accompanied by a significant rise in whole brain tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity. A smaller hypertensive effect, produced by angiotensin (750 ng kg-1 daily) was also accompanied by a proportional rise in whole brain TH activity. The specific an... | Brain tyrosine hydroxylase activity and systolic blood pressure in rats treated with either deoxycorticosterone and salt or angiotensin. The hypertension induced in adult male rats by doca/salt was found to be accompanied by a significant rise in whole brain tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity. A smaller hypertensive ef... | [
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... |
PMID:8610 | Correlation of behavioural inhibition or excitation produced by bromocriptine with changes in brain catecholamine turnover. | The dopamine agonist, bromocriptine, produced either inhibition or stimulation of motor behaviour in rats depending upon the dose and time after administration. Stimulation of motor activity occurred only with high doses after a 1-2 h delay. Both inhibition and stimulation were associated with decreased turnover of dop... | Correlation of behavioural inhibition or excitation produced by bromocriptine with changes in brain catecholamine turnover. The dopamine agonist, bromocriptine, produced either inhibition or stimulation of motor behaviour in rats depending upon the dose and time after administration. Stimulation of motor activity occur... | [
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PMID:8611 | Dopamine-sensitive adenylate cyclase in canine renal artery. | To characterize further a putative dopamine receptor in the renal artery, the effects of dopamine on canine renal artery adenylate cyclase activity were studied. Since the femoral artery is thought to be devoid of a similar dopamine receptor, the effects of dopamine on the adenylate cyclase activity of the canine femor... | Dopamine-sensitive adenylate cyclase in canine renal artery. To characterize further a putative dopamine receptor in the renal artery, the effects of dopamine on canine renal artery adenylate cyclase activity were studied. Since the femoral artery is thought to be devoid of a similar dopamine receptor, the effects of d... | [
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... |
PMID:8612 | A four parameter model for oral drug absorption. | A method has been developed for assessing absorption parameters from plasma concentration-time results taken over a relatively short time period. In this method, the disposition function is simplified so as to reduce the number of parameters to be evaluated from the five of the two compartment disposition equation of f... | A four parameter model for oral drug absorption. A method has been developed for assessing absorption parameters from plasma concentration-time results taken over a relatively short time period. In this method, the disposition function is simplified so as to reduce the number of parameters to be evaluated from the five... | [
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... |
PMID:8624 | Carbon-13 magnetic resonance spectroscopy of drugs II: antihistamines. | The natural abundance carbon-13 magnetic resonance spectra of a series of antihistamines (pheniramine, chlorpheniramine, methapyrilene, tripelennamine, pyrilamine, and thonzylamine) were detemined using the pulse Fourier transform technique. The chemical shifts were assigned with the aid of long-range carbon-13-hydroge... | Carbon-13 magnetic resonance spectroscopy of drugs II: antihistamines. The natural abundance carbon-13 magnetic resonance spectra of a series of antihistamines (pheniramine, chlorpheniramine, methapyrilene, tripelennamine, pyrilamine, and thonzylamine) were detemined using the pulse Fourier transform technique. The che... | [
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PMID:8625 | Ionization constants of cephalosporin zwitterionic compounds. | The microionization constants for two zwitterionic compounds were determined by incorporating two experimental techniques. These compounds have chromophoric changes dependent upon the solution pH. By combining the spectrophotometric measurements with potentiometric mmeasurements, all four microionization constants were... | Ionization constants of cephalosporin zwitterionic compounds. The microionization constants for two zwitterionic compounds were determined by incorporating two experimental techniques. These compounds have chromophoric changes dependent upon the solution pH. By combining the spectrophotometric measurements with potenti... | [
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PMID:8626 | Correlation of in vitro and in vivo methodology for evaluation of antacids. | The rate and extent of acid consumption of an antacid suspension and tablet were evaluated by in vitro and in vivo techniques. Four different test procedures were used to estimate in vitro antacid reactivity. In vivo effects were determined in the fasted and postcibal states in normal human subjects by a radiotelemetry... | Correlation of in vitro and in vivo methodology for evaluation of antacids. The rate and extent of acid consumption of an antacid suspension and tablet were evaluated by in vitro and in vivo techniques. Four different test procedures were used to estimate in vitro antacid reactivity. In vivo effects were determined in ... | [
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PMID:8627 | Effect of solvent on tetrazolium reaction. | The rate of color development of a tetrazolium formazan is shown to be inversely proportional to the dielectric constant of the solvent medium and directly proportional to the hydrogen-bonding capability of solvent mixtures having the same dielectric constant. The geometric isomers of the formazans have different absor... | Effect of solvent on tetrazolium reaction. The rate of color development of a tetrazolium formazan is shown to be inversely proportional to the dielectric constant of the solvent medium and directly proportional to the hydrogen-bonding capability of solvent mixtures having the same dielectric constant. The geometric is... | [
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... |
PMID:8628 | Aggregation of antihistamines in aqueous solution: effect of counterions on self-association of pyridine derivatives. | The effects of electrolytes on the self-association of the antihistaminic drugs, tripelennamine hydrochloride, thenyldiamine hydrochloride, pyrilamine maleate, pheniramine maleate, chlorpheniramine maleate, and brompheniramine maleate, in aqueous solution were examined by light-scattering from tripelennamine bydrochlor... | Aggregation of antihistamines in aqueous solution: effect of counterions on self-association of pyridine derivatives. The effects of electrolytes on the self-association of the antihistaminic drugs, tripelennamine hydrochloride, thenyldiamine hydrochloride, pyrilamine maleate, pheniramine maleate, chlorpheniramine male... | [
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PMID:8629 | Enthalpies of hydrogen bonding in psychotropic drugs. | The enthalpy of hydrogen bonding of some antipsychotic, antidepressant, anticonvulsant, and antianxiety agents with phenol, as determined from IR and NMR spectroscopic measurements, was shown not to be responsible for differences in activity within the drug classes. These results support a theoretical prediction advanc... | Enthalpies of hydrogen bonding in psychotropic drugs. The enthalpy of hydrogen bonding of some antipsychotic, antidepressant, anticonvulsant, and antianxiety agents with phenol, as determined from IR and NMR spectroscopic measurements, was shown not to be responsible for differences in activity within the drug classes.... | [
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PMID:8630 | Synthesis, physicochemical parameters, and in vitro evaluation of N1-p-chlorophenyl-N5-alkylbiguanides. | A series of N1-p-chlorophenyl-N5-alkylbiguanides were synthesized as potential inhibitors of dental plaque. Partition coefficients and pKa values were determined by standard methods. Biological activity was evaluated against Streptococcus mutans, a pure strain of plaque-forming bacteria. All compounds were compared to ... | Synthesis, physicochemical parameters, and in vitro evaluation of N1-p-chlorophenyl-N5-alkylbiguanides. A series of N1-p-chlorophenyl-N5-alkylbiguanides were synthesized as potential inhibitors of dental plaque. Partition coefficients and pKa values were determined by standard methods. Biological activity was evaluated... | [
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0.0201734472066164,
0.016... |
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