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PMID:12750 | Effect of phenylalanine metabolites on the activities of enzymes of ketone-body utilization in brain of suckling rats. | 1. The effects of phenylalanine and its metabolites (phenylacetate, phenethylamine, phenyl-lactate, o-hydroxyphenylacetate and phenylpyruvate) on the activity of 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.30) 3-oxo acid CoA-transferase (EC 2.8.3.5) and acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase (EC 2.3.1.9) in brain of suckling rats were... | Effect of phenylalanine metabolites on the activities of enzymes of ketone-body utilization in brain of suckling rats. 1. The effects of phenylalanine and its metabolites (phenylacetate, phenethylamine, phenyl-lactate, o-hydroxyphenylacetate and phenylpyruvate) on the activity of 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1... | [
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PMID:12751 | Nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide-linked "malic" enzyme in flight muscle of the tse-tse fly (Glossina) and other insects. | 1. A high activity of NAD-linked "malic" enzyme was found in homogenates of flight muscle of different species of tse-tse fly (Glossina). The activity was the same as, or higher than, that of malate dehydrogenase and more than 20-fold that of NADP-linked "malic" enzyme. A similar enzyme was found in the flight muscle o... | Nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide-linked "malic" enzyme in flight muscle of the tse-tse fly (Glossina) and other insects. 1. A high activity of NAD-linked "malic" enzyme was found in homogenates of flight muscle of different species of tse-tse fly (Glossina). The activity was the same as, or higher than, that of malate... | [
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PMID:12752 | The electrophoretic properties and aggregation of mouse lymphoma cells, chinese-hamster fibroblasts and a somatic-cell hybrid. | 1. The electrophoretic mobilities of a mouse lymphoma cell, a Chinese-hamster fibroblast and a somatic-cell hybrid (also fibroblastic), produced by fusion of the hamster cell and a mouse lymphoma cell, were measured at 25 degrees C over a range of pH, concentration of Ca2+ ions and concentration of La3+ ions. 2. All th... | The electrophoretic properties and aggregation of mouse lymphoma cells, chinese-hamster fibroblasts and a somatic-cell hybrid. 1. The electrophoretic mobilities of a mouse lymphoma cell, a Chinese-hamster fibroblast and a somatic-cell hybrid (also fibroblastic), produced by fusion of the hamster cell and a mouse lympho... | [
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PMID:12753 | Mitochondrial adenosine triphosphatase of the fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-. Changes in activity and inhibitor-sensitivity in response to catabolite repression. | 1. The specific activity of mitochondrial ATPase (adenosine triphosphatase) in extracts of Schizosaccharomyces pombe decreased 2.5-fold as the glucose concentration in the growth medium decreased from 50mM to 15mM. 2. During the late exponential phase of growth, ATPase activity doubled. 3. Sensitivity to oligomycin and... | Mitochondrial adenosine triphosphatase of the fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-. Changes in activity and inhibitor-sensitivity in response to catabolite repression. 1. The specific activity of mitochondrial ATPase (adenosine triphosphatase) in extracts of Schizosaccharomyces pombe decreased 2.5-fold as the... | [
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PMID:12754 | Oxygen toxicity in the perfused rat liver and lung under hyperbaric conditions. | 1. In the lung and liver of tocopherol-deficient rats, the activities of glutathione peroxidase and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase were increased substantially, suggesting an important role for both enzymes in protecting the organ against the deleterious effects of lipid peroxides. 2. Facilitation of the glutathione... | Oxygen toxicity in the perfused rat liver and lung under hyperbaric conditions. 1. In the lung and liver of tocopherol-deficient rats, the activities of glutathione peroxidase and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase were increased substantially, suggesting an important role for both enzymes in protecting the organ agains... | [
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PMID:12755 | Acute effects in vivo of anti-insulin serum on rates of fatty acid synthesis and activities of acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase and pyruvate dehydrogenase in liver and epididymal adipose tissue of fed rats. | Plasma insulin concentrations in fed rats were altered acutely by administration of glucose or anti-insulin serum. Rates of fatty acid synthesis in adipose tissue and liver were estimated from the incorporation of 3H from 3H2O. In the adipose tissue dehydrogenase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase were evident. In liver, altho... | Acute effects in vivo of anti-insulin serum on rates of fatty acid synthesis and activities of acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase and pyruvate dehydrogenase in liver and epididymal adipose tissue of fed rats. Plasma insulin concentrations in fed rats were altered acutely by administration of glucose or anti-insulin serum. R... | [
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PMID:12764 | [Investigations on the Stability of Proscillaridine, Proscillaridine-3'-methylether and Proscillaridine-4'-methylether in Artificial Gastric and Intestinal Fluids (author's transl)]. | The stability of bufadienolides in artificial gastric and intestinal fluids was investigated at different pH-values as a function of incubation time using proscillaridine, proscillaridine-3'-methylether and proscillaridine-4'-methylether. These glycosides were completely stable on pH 3.0--8.5 during the investigated ti... | [Investigations on the Stability of Proscillaridine, Proscillaridine-3'-methylether and Proscillaridine-4'-methylether in Artificial Gastric and Intestinal Fluids (author's transl)]. The stability of bufadienolides in artificial gastric and intestinal fluids was investigated at different pH-values as a function of incu... | [
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PMID:12765 | Piroxicam, a novel anti-inflammatory agent. | Piroxicam (CP-16 171) is a potent acidic anti-inflammatory agent structurally distinct from the current agents such as indometacin, phenylbutazone or naproxen. Pharmacokinetic studies indicate a longer plasma half-ife for piroxicam than for these agents. Potency in the range of indometacin is observed when piroxicam is... | Piroxicam, a novel anti-inflammatory agent. Piroxicam (CP-16 171) is a potent acidic anti-inflammatory agent structurally distinct from the current agents such as indometacin, phenylbutazone or naproxen. Pharmacokinetic studies indicate a longer plasma half-ife for piroxicam than for these agents. Potency in the range ... | [
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PMID:12766 | Cardiorespiratory activitirs of 3-formylamino-4-hydroxy-alpha-(n-1-methyl-2-p-methoxyphenethylaminomethyl)-benzylalcohol-hemifumarate(BD 40A) and some other beta-adrenoceptor stimulants in conscious guinea pigs. | The beta-stimulant activity of 3-formylamino-4-hydroxy-alpha-(N-1-methoxyphenethylaminomethyl)-benzylalcohol-hemifumarate (BD 40A) was compared with those of isoproterenol, orciprenaline, trimetoquinol and salbutamol in conscious guinea pigs. Bronchodilator effects of BD 40A were most potent among five agonists by s.c.... | Cardiorespiratory activitirs of 3-formylamino-4-hydroxy-alpha-(n-1-methyl-2-p-methoxyphenethylaminomethyl)-benzylalcohol-hemifumarate(BD 40A) and some other beta-adrenoceptor stimulants in conscious guinea pigs. The beta-stimulant activity of 3-formylamino-4-hydroxy-alpha-(N-1-methoxyphenethylaminomethyl)-benzylalcohol... | [
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PMID:12767 | [The influence of pentagastrin on the ratios of Na+,K+H+/Amino acids in gastric juice. Short communication (author's transl)]. | Pentagastrin has a distinct effect on the ratios of Na+,K+,H+/amino acid in the gastric juice in the different states of acidity. Contrary to the ratios of normacidity the values of all quotients in patients with hyper-, hypo- and anacidity are significantly reduced. | [The influence of pentagastrin on the ratios of Na+,K+H+/Amino acids in gastric juice. Short communication (author's transl)]. Pentagastrin has a distinct effect on the ratios of Na+,K+,H+/amino acid in the gastric juice in the different states of acidity. Contrary to the ratios of normacidity the values of all quotien... | [
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PMID:12768 | [Profile of pharmacological actions of NAB 365 (clenbuterol), a novel broncholytic agent with selective activity on adrenergic beta2-receptors (author's transl)]. | Effects of 4-amino-alpha-[(tert.-butylamino)methyl]-3,5-dichlorobenzyl alcohol hydrochloride (clenbuterol, NAB 365) on the adrenergic beta-receptors were investigated and compared with those of isoproterenol and salbutamol. The beta2-mimetic activity of clenbuterol on the smooth muscle of bronchi, uterus and vessels af... | [Profile of pharmacological actions of NAB 365 (clenbuterol), a novel broncholytic agent with selective activity on adrenergic beta2-receptors (author's transl)]. Effects of 4-amino-alpha-[(tert.-butylamino)methyl]-3,5-dichlorobenzyl alcohol hydrochloride (clenbuterol, NAB 365) on the adrenergic beta-receptors were inv... | [
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PMID:12769 | Synthetic analgesics: N-(1-[2-arylethyl]-4-substituted 4-piperidinyl) N-arylalkanamides. | The synthesis of several 4-arylamino-4-piperdinecarboxylic acids is reported. These acids were starting materials for the preparation of alpha-amino esthers, ethers and ketones. Different synthetic approaches are described. Suitable substitution on both nitrogen atoms afforded extremely potent analgesics. Thus, methyl ... | Synthetic analgesics: N-(1-[2-arylethyl]-4-substituted 4-piperidinyl) N-arylalkanamides. The synthesis of several 4-arylamino-4-piperdinecarboxylic acids is reported. These acids were starting materials for the preparation of alpha-amino esthers, ethers and ketones. Different synthetic approaches are described. Suitabl... | [
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PMID:12770 | In vitro effects of bencyclan on coagulation, fibrinolysis and platelet function. | The in vitro effects of N-3-(1-benzyl-cycloheptyloxy)-propyl-N,N-dimethylammonium-hydrogenfumarate (bencyclan) on clotting, fibrinolytic and platelet function test were investigated by adding the drug to normal human plasma. An anticoagulant activity, mainly of an antithromboplastin nature (directed against later stage... | In vitro effects of bencyclan on coagulation, fibrinolysis and platelet function. The in vitro effects of N-3-(1-benzyl-cycloheptyloxy)-propyl-N,N-dimethylammonium-hydrogenfumarate (bencyclan) on clotting, fibrinolytic and platelet function test were investigated by adding the drug to normal human plasma. An anticoagul... | [
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PMID:12771 | N-4-Substituted 1-(2-arylethyl)-4-piperidinyl-N-phenylpropanamides, a novel series of extremely potent analgesics with unusually high safety margin. | The intravenous analgesic activity and toxicity of a novel series of N-[4-substituted 1-(2-arylethyl)-4-piperidinyl]-N-phenylpropanamides was studied in rats. Onset, potency and duration of analgesic action were assessed in the tail withdrawal test and compared with the activity of fentanyl, (+)-cis-3-methylfentanyl (R... | N-4-Substituted 1-(2-arylethyl)-4-piperidinyl-N-phenylpropanamides, a novel series of extremely potent analgesics with unusually high safety margin. The intravenous analgesic activity and toxicity of a novel series of N-[4-substituted 1-(2-arylethyl)-4-piperidinyl]-N-phenylpropanamides was studied in rats. Onset, poten... | [
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PMID:12772 | Sufentanil, a very potent and extremely safe intravenous morphine-like compound in mice, rats and dogs. | Sufentanil (R 30 730), N-[4-methoxymethyl)-1-[2-(2-thienyl)ethyl]-4-piperidinyl]-N-phenylpropanamide, is a chemically novel, highly potent and extremely safe intravenous morphine-like agent in laboratory animals. In mice R 30 730 i.v. is 2304 times more potent than morphine (hot plate ED50's: 0.0028 and 6.45 mg/kg, res... | Sufentanil, a very potent and extremely safe intravenous morphine-like compound in mice, rats and dogs. Sufentanil (R 30 730), N-[4-methoxymethyl)-1-[2-(2-thienyl)ethyl]-4-piperidinyl]-N-phenylpropanamide, is a chemically novel, highly potent and extremely safe intravenous morphine-like agent in laboratory animals. In ... | [
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PMID:12773 | [Blood gas analytical study on cerebral circulation under the influence of dihydroergotoxin (author's transl)]. | The demand for sufficient blood supply and oxygenation of cerebral tissue after brain surgery or severe head injuries requires the clinical investigation of drugs which are supposed to improve cerebral blood flow and metabolism. We have therefore used the hydrogenated derivatives of the ergotoxin components of the seca... | [Blood gas analytical study on cerebral circulation under the influence of dihydroergotoxin (author's transl)]. The demand for sufficient blood supply and oxygenation of cerebral tissue after brain surgery or severe head injuries requires the clinical investigation of drugs which are supposed to improve cerebral blood ... | [
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PMID:12774 | Failure of benzoctamine to influence the activity of rat striatum tyrosine-hydroxylase. | The influence of benzoctamine (Tacitin) on rat striatum tyrosine-hydroxylase was analized. Injection of 100 mg benzoctamine/kg body weight caused no alteration in the tyrosine-hydroxylase activity whilst a decrease of about 60% in the activity was recorded after treatment with a-methyl-p-tyrosine a known inhibitor of t... | Failure of benzoctamine to influence the activity of rat striatum tyrosine-hydroxylase. The influence of benzoctamine (Tacitin) on rat striatum tyrosine-hydroxylase was analized. Injection of 100 mg benzoctamine/kg body weight caused no alteration in the tyrosine-hydroxylase activity whilst a decrease of about 60% in t... | [
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PMID:12778 | Pharmacological basis for antihypertensive effects of intravenous labetalol. | Labetalol 1-5 mg/kg administered intravenously to normal subjects in the supine position produced an immediate mean fall in systolic (16%) and diastolic (25%) blood pressure with a concomitant increase in heart rate (12%). After graded exercise, intravenous labetalol inhibited increases in heart rate and blood pressure... | Pharmacological basis for antihypertensive effects of intravenous labetalol. Labetalol 1-5 mg/kg administered intravenously to normal subjects in the supine position produced an immediate mean fall in systolic (16%) and diastolic (25%) blood pressure with a concomitant increase in heart rate (12%). After graded exercis... | [
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PMID:12775 | Diffusion coefficients for protein molecules in blood serum. | A new technique is described for the measurement of the self-diffusion coefficients of protein macromolecules in solution. The method makes use of the phenomenon of Taylor dispersion of a solute introduced into a solvent flowing in the laminar regime through a tube of circular section. Results are reported for the self... | Diffusion coefficients for protein molecules in blood serum. A new technique is described for the measurement of the self-diffusion coefficients of protein macromolecules in solution. The method makes use of the phenomenon of Taylor dispersion of a solute introduced into a solvent flowing in the laminar regime through ... | [
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PMID:12776 | [Acid-base equilibrium in healthy newborns. Pattern of normality in Mexico City]. | During their spontaneous recovery after birth, the acid-base balance was studied in 32 healthy newborns. The observation period lasted for 4 hours. Determinations were carried out, both in umbilical vessels as in central arterial blood. The most outstanding phenomenon was an increase in acidosis at 30 minutes of life. ... | [Acid-base equilibrium in healthy newborns. Pattern of normality in Mexico City]. During their spontaneous recovery after birth, the acid-base balance was studied in 32 healthy newborns. The observation period lasted for 4 hours. Determinations were carried out, both in umbilical vessels as in central arterial blood. T... | [
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PMID:12780 | The effects of Bordetella pertussis vaccine on cerebral vascular permeability. | The effect of Bordetella pertussis vaccine on the cerebral vascular permeability in the mouse was studied by a radio-isotope method (131I-labelled HSA). Intravenous injection of 4 x 1010 heat-killed pertussis organisms caused a measurable increase in permeability in normal mice. Cryoinjury to the cerebral hemispheres r... | The effects of Bordetella pertussis vaccine on cerebral vascular permeability. The effect of Bordetella pertussis vaccine on the cerebral vascular permeability in the mouse was studied by a radio-isotope method (131I-labelled HSA). Intravenous injection of 4 x 1010 heat-killed pertussis organisms caused a measurable in... | [
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PMID:12781 | Inhibition of the liver and plasma protein acute-phase response in mice by D-galactosamine. | Local inflammation evoked in Swiss albino mice by subcutaneous injection of Celite resulted in a rise of liver tyrosine aminotransferase activity and plasma level of fibrinogen and seromucoid, while liver alanine aminotransferase activity and plasma level of fibrinogen and seromucoid, while liver alanine aminotransfera... | Inhibition of the liver and plasma protein acute-phase response in mice by D-galactosamine. Local inflammation evoked in Swiss albino mice by subcutaneous injection of Celite resulted in a rise of liver tyrosine aminotransferase activity and plasma level of fibrinogen and seromucoid, while liver alanine aminotransferas... | [
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PMID:12782 | Atenolol versus propranolol. A comparison of ocular hypotensive effect of an oral dose. | In a controlled double-blind cross-over trial in 10 patients comprising six with open-angle glaucoma, three with closed-angle glaucoma, and one with ocular hypertension, a single oral dose of atenolol (50 mg) was significantly more effective than propranolol (40 mg) in reducing ocular tension. | Atenolol versus propranolol. A comparison of ocular hypotensive effect of an oral dose. In a controlled double-blind cross-over trial in 10 patients comprising six with open-angle glaucoma, three with closed-angle glaucoma, and one with ocular hypertension, a single oral dose of atenolol (50 mg) was significantly more ... | [
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PMID:12783 | Milk-substitute diet composition and abomasal secretion in the calf. | 1. The effect of different protein sources in milk-substitute diets on abomasal acidity and proteolytic activity was studied in Friesian calves, aged 20-58 d (Expt 1). The diets contained 'mildly' preheated, spray-dried skim-milk powder (MHM), severely preheated, spray-dried skim-milk powder (SHM), fish-protein concent... | Milk-substitute diet composition and abomasal secretion in the calf. 1. The effect of different protein sources in milk-substitute diets on abomasal acidity and proteolytic activity was studied in Friesian calves, aged 20-58 d (Expt 1). The diets contained 'mildly' preheated, spray-dried skim-milk powder (MHM), severel... | [
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PMID:12784 | Studies on lipid digestion in the preruminant calf. The source of lipolytic activity in the abomasum. | 1. Lipolytic and proteolytic activities and pH values were determined in secretions collected from innervated abomasal pouches and in abomasal contents from preruminant calves given liquid diets. 2. No lipolytic activity was detected in pouch secretions collected during 1 h after feeding, though lipolytic activity was ... | Studies on lipid digestion in the preruminant calf. The source of lipolytic activity in the abomasum. 1. Lipolytic and proteolytic activities and pH values were determined in secretions collected from innervated abomasal pouches and in abomasal contents from preruminant calves given liquid diets. 2. No lipolytic activi... | [
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PMID:12785 | Studies on digestion and absorption in the intestines of growing pigs. Measurements of the flow of digesta and pH. | 1. Thirty-five pigs were fitted with single re-entrant cannulas in either the duodenum, jejunum or ileum. A further twenty-four pigs were used in a conventional digestibility trial. 2. Methods for collecting, sampling and returning digesta were developed. 3. A 'practical-type' diet and two purfied diets were used, fed ... | Studies on digestion and absorption in the intestines of growing pigs. Measurements of the flow of digesta and pH. 1. Thirty-five pigs were fitted with single re-entrant cannulas in either the duodenum, jejunum or ileum. A further twenty-four pigs were used in a conventional digestibility trial. 2. Methods for collecti... | [
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PMID:12787 | Proton-dependent dissociation equilibrium of hemoglobin. 1. A 700-nanometer light-scattering study on horse methemoglobin in the pH range 4.8 to 7.2. | The effect of proton concentration upon the subunit dissociation of horse methemoglobin has been investigated at two ionic strengths by light scattering photometry at 700 nm. Differential refractometry revealed a slight but systematic decrease of the specific refractive index increment with decreasing protein concentra... | Proton-dependent dissociation equilibrium of hemoglobin. 1. A 700-nanometer light-scattering study on horse methemoglobin in the pH range 4.8 to 7.2. The effect of proton concentration upon the subunit dissociation of horse methemoglobin has been investigated at two ionic strengths by light scattering photometry at 700... | [
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PMID:12788 | Proton-dependent dissociation equilibrium of hemoglobin. 2. Surface pressure measurements in monolayers of horse hemoglobin (III). | The molecular weight of hemoglobin (III) in monolayers on aqueous subsolutions has been determined by measuring the surface pressure as a function of the protein surface concentration. The dissociation equilibrium between tetrameric and dimeric hemoglobin (III) was determined for spread as well as adsorbed monolayers. ... | Proton-dependent dissociation equilibrium of hemoglobin. 2. Surface pressure measurements in monolayers of horse hemoglobin (III). The molecular weight of hemoglobin (III) in monolayers on aqueous subsolutions has been determined by measuring the surface pressure as a function of the protein surface concentration. The ... | [
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PMID:12789 | Conformational characteristics of luliberin. Circular dichroism and fluorescence studies. | By circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy, the conformation of luliberin (luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone) has been investigated under various conditions of pH and solvents. Several structural parameters have been defined which seem predominant for the maintenance of the hormone in some privileged confo... | Conformational characteristics of luliberin. Circular dichroism and fluorescence studies. By circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy, the conformation of luliberin (luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone) has been investigated under various conditions of pH and solvents. Several structural parameters have been ... | [
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PMID:12790 | Conformational characteristics of luliberin. Luminescence properties at liquid-nitrogen temperature. | The luminescence properties (fluorescence and phosphorescence) of luliberin have been investigated at liquid-nitrogen temperature (77 K) in 50% ethylene glycolaqueous buffer at various pH's. Calculation of the energy-transfer efficiency between Trp and Tyr residues leads to an evaluation of the distance separating thes... | Conformational characteristics of luliberin. Luminescence properties at liquid-nitrogen temperature. The luminescence properties (fluorescence and phosphorescence) of luliberin have been investigated at liquid-nitrogen temperature (77 K) in 50% ethylene glycolaqueous buffer at various pH's. Calculation of the energy-tr... | [
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PMID:12791 | Purification of adenovirus messenger ribonucleic acid by an aqueous polymer two-phase system. | An aqueous polymer phase system containing 6.3% (w/w) dextran and 3.5% (w/w) poly(ethylene glycol) in 10 mM phosphate buffer (pH 8.0) was developed to select RNA-DNA hybrids from unhybridized RNA. The top phase of this phase system, which contains DNA and the RNA-DNA hybrids, can be used to purify adenovirus messenger ... | Purification of adenovirus messenger ribonucleic acid by an aqueous polymer two-phase system. An aqueous polymer phase system containing 6.3% (w/w) dextran and 3.5% (w/w) poly(ethylene glycol) in 10 mM phosphate buffer (pH 8.0) was developed to select RNA-DNA hybrids from unhybridized RNA. The top phase of this phase s... | [
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PMID:12792 | Intermediate states of actomyosin adenosine triphosphatase. | The early kinetic steps of actomyosin subfragment 1 (acto-S1) adenosine triphosphatase have been investigated by simultaneous monitoring of fluorescence and light scattering and also by observation of the time course of the production of phosphate. The results show that fluorescence enhancement occurs after the dissoci... | Intermediate states of actomyosin adenosine triphosphatase. The early kinetic steps of actomyosin subfragment 1 (acto-S1) adenosine triphosphatase have been investigated by simultaneous monitoring of fluorescence and light scattering and also by observation of the time course of the production of phosphate. The results... | [
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PMID:12793 | Energetics and mechanism of actomyosin adenosine triphosphatase. | Rate constants were determined for the reaction of actin with subfragment 1 (S1), S1-product complex, heavy meromyosin (HMM), and HMM-products complex for a range of temperatures, pH's, and ionic strengths. For actin concentrations up to 10 muM, the rate of reassociation of the product intermediate was equal to the ra... | Energetics and mechanism of actomyosin adenosine triphosphatase. Rate constants were determined for the reaction of actin with subfragment 1 (S1), S1-product complex, heavy meromyosin (HMM), and HMM-products complex for a range of temperatures, pH's, and ionic strengths. For actin concentrations up to 10 muM, the rate... | [
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PMID:12794 | Relaxation spectra of yeast hexokinases. Isomerization of the enzyme. | Yeast hexokinase isozymes P1 and P11 exhibit a pH dependent, rapid relaxation process at 15 degrees C at enzyme concentrations of 100-474 muM and over a pH range of 6-8. The process was detected by equilibrium temperature jump spectroscopy using the indicator probe phenol red. The value of 1/tau varies from about 6 ms-... | Relaxation spectra of yeast hexokinases. Isomerization of the enzyme. Yeast hexokinase isozymes P1 and P11 exhibit a pH dependent, rapid relaxation process at 15 degrees C at enzyme concentrations of 100-474 muM and over a pH range of 6-8. The process was detected by equilibrium temperature jump spectroscopy using the ... | [
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PMID:12795 | Effect of alcohols on the structure and function of D-amino-acid oxidase. | The absorption spectrum of D-amino-acid oxidase (D-amino-acid:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating), EC 1.4.3.3) was significantly perturbed by various alcohols; typical fine structures were observed in the visible absorption bands, accompanied by blue shifts of the peaks. Both fluorescence intensity and fluorescence pol... | Effect of alcohols on the structure and function of D-amino-acid oxidase. The absorption spectrum of D-amino-acid oxidase (D-amino-acid:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating), EC 1.4.3.3) was significantly perturbed by various alcohols; typical fine structures were observed in the visible absorption bands, accompanied by ... | [
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PMID:12796 | S-adenosylmethionine: protein-arginine methyltransferase. Purification and mechanism of the enzyme. | Protein methylase I (S-adenosylmethionine: protein-arginine methyltransferase, EC 2.1.1.23) has been purified from calf brain approximately 120-fold with a 14% yield. The final preparation is completely free of any other protein-specific methyltransferases and endogenous substrate protein. The enzyme has an optimum pH ... | S-adenosylmethionine: protein-arginine methyltransferase. Purification and mechanism of the enzyme. Protein methylase I (S-adenosylmethionine: protein-arginine methyltransferase, EC 2.1.1.23) has been purified from calf brain approximately 120-fold with a 14% yield. The final preparation is completely free of any other... | [
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PMID:12797 | Purification and properties of Renilla reniformis luciferase. | Luciferase from the anthozoan coelenterate Renilla reniformis (Renilla luciferin:oxygen 2-oxidoreductase (decarboxylating), EC 1.13.12.5.) catalyzes the bioluminescent oxidation of Renilla luciferin producing light (lambdaB 480 nm, QB 5.5%), oxyluciferin, and CO2 (Hori, K., Wampler, J.E., Matthews, J.C., and Cormier, M... | Purification and properties of Renilla reniformis luciferase. Luciferase from the anthozoan coelenterate Renilla reniformis (Renilla luciferin:oxygen 2-oxidoreductase (decarboxylating), EC 1.13.12.5.) catalyzes the bioluminescent oxidation of Renilla luciferin producing light (lambdaB 480 nm, QB 5.5%), oxyluciferin, an... | [
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PMID:12798 | Oxidation of spermidine and spermine in rat liver: purification and properties of polyamine oxidase. | A novel enzyme responsible for the oxidation of spermidine and spermine has been found in rat liver. Spermidine is shown to be degraded to putrescine and 3-aminopropionaldehyde, and spermine to be cleaved to spermidine and 3-aminopropionaldehyde. A single enzyme catalyzing both reactions and designated as polyamine oxi... | Oxidation of spermidine and spermine in rat liver: purification and properties of polyamine oxidase. A novel enzyme responsible for the oxidation of spermidine and spermine has been found in rat liver. Spermidine is shown to be degraded to putrescine and 3-aminopropionaldehyde, and spermine to be cleaved to spermidine ... | [
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PMID:12799 | Hydrolysis of chyle cholesterol esters with cell-free preparations of rat liver. | 1. The effect of pH on the hydrolysis of chylomicron and chylomicron remnant cholesterol ester with rat liver homogenate was examined. The hydrolysis had three pH optima, at pH 4.5, at pH 6.0-6.5 and at pH 8.5. At the two upper pH optima extensive cholesterol ester hydrolysis occurred without simultaneous degradation o... | Hydrolysis of chyle cholesterol esters with cell-free preparations of rat liver. 1. The effect of pH on the hydrolysis of chylomicron and chylomicron remnant cholesterol ester with rat liver homogenate was examined. The hydrolysis had three pH optima, at pH 4.5, at pH 6.0-6.5 and at pH 8.5. At the two upper pH optima e... | [
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PMID:12800 | Characterization of the acetyl-CoA synthetase of Acetobacter aceti. | The acetate activating system of Acetobacter aceti has been studied. The enzyme responsible, acetyl-CoA synthetase, has been purified about 500-fold from crude cell extracts and was approximately 85% pure as judged by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulphate. The purified enzyme showed optimal acti... | Characterization of the acetyl-CoA synthetase of Acetobacter aceti. The acetate activating system of Acetobacter aceti has been studied. The enzyme responsible, acetyl-CoA synthetase, has been purified about 500-fold from crude cell extracts and was approximately 85% pure as judged by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis... | [
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PMID:12801 | Stabilization of an acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase complex from Pseudomonas citronellolis. | Using stabilizing conditions the acetyl-CoA carboxylase (EC 6.4.1.2) of Pseudomonas citronellolis has been isolated as a complex containing four different polypeptide chains with molecular weights of 53 000, 36 000, 33 000 and 25 000. Evidence is presented to suggest that these polypeptide chains correspond to distinct... | Stabilization of an acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase complex from Pseudomonas citronellolis. Using stabilizing conditions the acetyl-CoA carboxylase (EC 6.4.1.2) of Pseudomonas citronellolis has been isolated as a complex containing four different polypeptide chains with molecular weights of 53 000, 36 000, 33 000 and 25 ... | [
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PMID:12802 | Effect of sodium fluoride on glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in the rat uterus. | Intrauterine administration of 50 mumol of NaF to the ovariectomized mature rat causes a 2--3-fold increase in the total uterine glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity within 24 h. The response is characterized by a 4--6 h lag with a maximum effect from 24 to 36 h after a single treatment. Uterine glucose-6-phospha... | Effect of sodium fluoride on glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in the rat uterus. Intrauterine administration of 50 mumol of NaF to the ovariectomized mature rat causes a 2--3-fold increase in the total uterine glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity within 24 h. The response is characterized by a 4--6 h la... | [
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PMID:12803 | Acid inactivation of short-lived rat liver enzymes. | The stabilities of nine rat liver cytosol enzymes were compared at a variety of pH values. The cytosol enzymes studied were (a) those with half-lives in vivo of 3 days or longer: lactate dehydrogenase, arginase, glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase and alanine aminotransferase, (b) those with half-lives in vivo short... | Acid inactivation of short-lived rat liver enzymes. The stabilities of nine rat liver cytosol enzymes were compared at a variety of pH values. The cytosol enzymes studied were (a) those with half-lives in vivo of 3 days or longer: lactate dehydrogenase, arginase, glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase and alanine amino... | [
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PMID:12804 | Thermoplasma acidophilum: intracellular pH and potassium concentration. | Thermoplasma acidophilum is a free-living thermophilic mycoplasma. Although the organism lacks a cell wall, it can grow in medium as dilute as 66 mosM. The intracellular K+ concentration can be as low as 17 mM, but varies according to the osmolality of the culture medium. The internal pH can be measured by taking advan... | Thermoplasma acidophilum: intracellular pH and potassium concentration. Thermoplasma acidophilum is a free-living thermophilic mycoplasma. Although the organism lacks a cell wall, it can grow in medium as dilute as 66 mosM. The intracellular K+ concentration can be as low as 17 mM, but varies according to the osmolalit... | [
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PMID:12805 | Mechanism of the inhibitory effect of glyoxylate plus oxaloacetate and oxalomalate on the NADP-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase. | The effects of glyoxylate plus oxaloacetate and of oxalomalate on the NADP-linked isocitrate dehydrogenase (threo-DS-isocitrate:NADP+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating, EC 1.1.1.42) from pig heart from been studied with steady state methods as well as with stopped flow technique. When equimolar mixtures of glyoxylate and... | Mechanism of the inhibitory effect of glyoxylate plus oxaloacetate and oxalomalate on the NADP-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase. The effects of glyoxylate plus oxaloacetate and of oxalomalate on the NADP-linked isocitrate dehydrogenase (threo-DS-isocitrate:NADP+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating, EC 1.1.1.42) from pig h... | [
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PMID:12806 | Determination of the redox potential of deazariboflavin by equilibration with flavins. | The redox potential of deazariboflavin has been determined for pH values from 5.5 to 9.2 by equilibration with riboflavin and lumiflavin 3-acetate. The position of the equilibrium with riboflavin was measured spectrophotometrically and fluorimetrically; the equilibrium potential with lumiflavin 3-acetate was measured s... | Determination of the redox potential of deazariboflavin by equilibration with flavins. The redox potential of deazariboflavin has been determined for pH values from 5.5 to 9.2 by equilibration with riboflavin and lumiflavin 3-acetate. The position of the equilibrium with riboflavin was measured spectrophotometrically a... | [
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PMID:12807 | Isolation, purification and characterization of bovine epidermal transglutaminase. | A crosslinking enzyme, epidermal transglutaminase, was isolated from soluble proteins of glabrous cow snout epidermis. This enzyme stabilized fibrin clots rendering them insoluble in 2% acetic acid. It also catalyzed the incorporation of the fluorescent amine, dansyl cadaverine, into casein. Epidermal transglutaminase ... | Isolation, purification and characterization of bovine epidermal transglutaminase. A crosslinking enzyme, epidermal transglutaminase, was isolated from soluble proteins of glabrous cow snout epidermis. This enzyme stabilized fibrin clots rendering them insoluble in 2% acetic acid. It also catalyzed the incorporation of... | [
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PMID:12808 | Molecular heterogeneity of rabbit heart phosphorylase kinase. | Phosphorylase kinase (ATP: phosphorylase-b phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.38) from rabbit heart, when submitted to electrophoresis on Pevikon, separates into two discrete peaks A and B. The two peaks have been analyzed using reelectrophoresis, chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, thermal stability, inactivation by EGTA (eth... | Molecular heterogeneity of rabbit heart phosphorylase kinase. Phosphorylase kinase (ATP: phosphorylase-b phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.38) from rabbit heart, when submitted to electrophoresis on Pevikon, separates into two discrete peaks A and B. The two peaks have been analyzed using reelectrophoresis, chromatography o... | [
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PMID:12809 | External yeast beta-fructosidase. Affinity labeling of the active site. | Conduritol-B-epoxide, a compound structurally related to the substrates of external yeast beta-fructosidase (beta-D-fructofuranoside fructohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.26), is an active-site directed inhibitor of this enzyme. The inactivation is irreversible and first-order with respect to time and inhibitor concentration. From... | External yeast beta-fructosidase. Affinity labeling of the active site. Conduritol-B-epoxide, a compound structurally related to the substrates of external yeast beta-fructosidase (beta-D-fructofuranoside fructohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.26), is an active-site directed inhibitor of this enzyme. The inactivation is irreversibl... | [
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PMID:12810 | On the catalytic and binding sites of porcine enteropeptidase. | The active site of porcine enteropeptidase (EC 3.4.21.9) was investigated in order to characterize better both catalytic and binding sites. The participation of a serine and a histidine residue in the catalytic process was fully confirmed and the two residues were located on the light chain of the enzyme. The binding s... | On the catalytic and binding sites of porcine enteropeptidase. The active site of porcine enteropeptidase (EC 3.4.21.9) was investigated in order to characterize better both catalytic and binding sites. The participation of a serine and a histidine residue in the catalytic process was fully confirmed and the two residu... | [
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PMID:12811 | On the specificity of bovine spleen cathepsin B2. | The specificity of bovine spleen cathepsin B2 has been investigated by means of some natural oligo- and polypeptides, i.e. glucagon, melittin, insulin A and B chain, bradykinin, angiotensin I and II, oxytocin ACTH, clupein and salmin. The enzyme is primarily a carboxypeptidase which hydrolyzes peptide linkages of most ... | On the specificity of bovine spleen cathepsin B2. The specificity of bovine spleen cathepsin B2 has been investigated by means of some natural oligo- and polypeptides, i.e. glucagon, melittin, insulin A and B chain, bradykinin, angiotensin I and II, oxytocin ACTH, clupein and salmin. The enzyme is primarily a carboxype... | [
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PMID:12812 | Activation of proenzyme of acidic protease from human seminal plasma. | The kinetics and the extent of the conversion of the proenzyme into the active acidic protease (EC 3.4.23.--) of human seminal plasma were dependent on acidic pH. Between pH 2 and 4, the initial rate of the activation was first-order with respect to the proenzyme. Between pH 4.5 and 5, the rate deviated from the first-... | Activation of proenzyme of acidic protease from human seminal plasma. The kinetics and the extent of the conversion of the proenzyme into the active acidic protease (EC 3.4.23.--) of human seminal plasma were dependent on acidic pH. Between pH 2 and 4, the initial rate of the activation was first-order with respect to ... | [
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PMID:12813 | Delayed fluorescence from bacteriochlorophyll in Chromatium vinosum chromatophores. | Delayed fluorescence from bacteriochlorophyll in Chromatium vinosum chromatophores was studied at room temperature and under intermittent illuminations. The decay of delayed fluorescence was constituted of two components; a fast component decayed with a half time of about 8 ms, a slow one decayed in parallel with the r... | Delayed fluorescence from bacteriochlorophyll in Chromatium vinosum chromatophores. Delayed fluorescence from bacteriochlorophyll in Chromatium vinosum chromatophores was studied at room temperature and under intermittent illuminations. The decay of delayed fluorescence was constituted of two components; a fast compone... | [
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PMID:12814 | Proton electrochemical potential in steady state rat liver mitochondria. | Delta approximately muH has been determined in steady state mitochondria by measuring the magnitude of delta pH on the distribution of acetate and of deltapsi on the distribution of K+, tetraphenylphosphonium, Ca2+, Sr2+ and Mn2+. (1) The matrix concentration of divalent cations has been calculated from the total catio... | Proton electrochemical potential in steady state rat liver mitochondria. Delta approximately muH has been determined in steady state mitochondria by measuring the magnitude of delta pH on the distribution of acetate and of deltapsi on the distribution of K+, tetraphenylphosphonium, Ca2+, Sr2+ and Mn2+. (1) The matrix c... | [
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PMID:12815 | Role of protein dissociation in the transport of acidic amino acids by the Ehrlich ascites tumor cell. | The pH profile for the uptake of L-glutamic acid by the Ehrlich ascites tumor cell arises largely as a sum of the decline with falling pH of a slow, Na+-dependent uptake by System A, and an increasing uptake by Na+-independent System L. The latter maximizes at about pH 4.5, following approximately the titration curve o... | Role of protein dissociation in the transport of acidic amino acids by the Ehrlich ascites tumor cell. The pH profile for the uptake of L-glutamic acid by the Ehrlich ascites tumor cell arises largely as a sum of the decline with falling pH of a slow, Na+-dependent uptake by System A, and an increasing uptake by Na+-in... | [
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PMID:12816 | Proton transport by gastric membrane vesicles. | A highly purified membrane fraction was derived from hog gastric mucosa by a combination of differential and density gradient centrifugation and free flow electrophoresis. This final fraction was 35-fold enriched with respect to cation activated ouabain-insensitive ATPase. Antibody against this fraction was shown to be... | Proton transport by gastric membrane vesicles. A highly purified membrane fraction was derived from hog gastric mucosa by a combination of differential and density gradient centrifugation and free flow electrophoresis. This final fraction was 35-fold enriched with respect to cation activated ouabain-insensitive ATPase.... | [
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PMID:12817 | Effect of temperature and protonation upon the conformation of 2'-o-methyladenosine. Correlation of conformational parameters in purine nucleosides. | Proton magnetic resonance studies of 2'-o-methyladenosine in 2H2O have been carried out at variable temperature and p2H. The chemical shifts and H-H coupling constants are discussed in terms of the molecular conformation. Comparison of the data with those of adenosine reveals that 2'-O-methylation has little influence ... | Effect of temperature and protonation upon the conformation of 2'-o-methyladenosine. Correlation of conformational parameters in purine nucleosides. Proton magnetic resonance studies of 2'-o-methyladenosine in 2H2O have been carried out at variable temperature and p2H. The chemical shifts and H-H coupling constants are... | [
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PMID:12818 | [Hydrogen-adduct radicals in thymidine and thymidine 5'-monophosphate photosensitized by proflavin. Protection by sulfur compounds (author's transl)]. | At pH values 5 and 9, the influence of cysteine, cystine, 3-mercaptopropionic acid and S-methylcysteine on the induction of H-adduct radicals in thymidine and thymidine 5'-monophosphate photosensitized by proflavin is investigated. The results obtained indicate that efficient protection is given when the electrostatic ... | [Hydrogen-adduct radicals in thymidine and thymidine 5'-monophosphate photosensitized by proflavin. Protection by sulfur compounds (author's transl)]. At pH values 5 and 9, the influence of cysteine, cystine, 3-mercaptopropionic acid and S-methylcysteine on the induction of H-adduct radicals in thymidine and thymidine ... | [
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PMID:12819 | Differential, structure-dependent susceptibility of poly(A) and RNA to monomeric and dimeric pancreatic ribonuclease A. | Cross-linked dimers of bovine RNAase A are definitely more efficient than monomers at degrading polyadenylic acid under conditions of ionic strength and pH, where the polymer assumes either a double-helical or an ordered single-stranded, base-stacked structure. The opposite occurs, i.e., monomers of RNAase A are defini... | Differential, structure-dependent susceptibility of poly(A) and RNA to monomeric and dimeric pancreatic ribonuclease A. Cross-linked dimers of bovine RNAase A are definitely more efficient than monomers at degrading polyadenylic acid under conditions of ionic strength and pH, where the polymer assumes either a double-h... | [
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PMID:12820 | Effects of stereochemical structures of tetrahydrobiopterin on tyrosine hydroxylase. | 1. Four stereochemical isomers of tetrahydrobiopterin, i.e., 6-L-erythro-, 6-D-erythro-, 6-L-threo-, or 6-D-threo-1,2-dihydroxypropyltetrahydropterin, have been synthesized and used as cofactors for tyrosine hydroxylase (EC 1.14.18.-) purified from the soluble fraction of bovine adrenal medulla. The L-erythro- (the put... | Effects of stereochemical structures of tetrahydrobiopterin on tyrosine hydroxylase. 1. Four stereochemical isomers of tetrahydrobiopterin, i.e., 6-L-erythro-, 6-D-erythro-, 6-L-threo-, or 6-D-threo-1,2-dihydroxypropyltetrahydropterin, have been synthesized and used as cofactors for tyrosine hydroxylase (EC 1.14.18.-) ... | [
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PMID:12821 | Partial purification and properties of a cyclic 3',5'-AMP-independent protein kinase from rat liver. | 1. A cyclic 3',5'-AMP-independent protein kinase (ATP : protein phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.37) from rat liver cytosol was partially purified and characterized. Purification by (NH4)2SO4 precipitation, DEAE-cellulose, Bio Gel A-0.5 m and cellulose phosphate chromatography increased the specific activity about 700-fold... | Partial purification and properties of a cyclic 3',5'-AMP-independent protein kinase from rat liver. 1. A cyclic 3',5'-AMP-independent protein kinase (ATP : protein phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.37) from rat liver cytosol was partially purified and characterized. Purification by (NH4)2SO4 precipitation, DEAE-cellulose, ... | [
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PMID:12822 | Stereospecificity of the hydrogen transfer catalyzed by human placental aldose reductase. | Placental aldose reductase (EC 1.1.1.21) was incubated with glucose in the presence of [4A-2H] NADPH prepared in the oxidation of [2-2H] isocitrate by isocitrate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.42) or [4B-2H] NADPH prepared in the oxidation of [1-2H] glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49). The sorbitol formed from [4A... | Stereospecificity of the hydrogen transfer catalyzed by human placental aldose reductase. Placental aldose reductase (EC 1.1.1.21) was incubated with glucose in the presence of [4A-2H] NADPH prepared in the oxidation of [2-2H] isocitrate by isocitrate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.42) or [4B-2H] NADPH prepared in the oxidati... | [
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PMID:12823 | Metal ion-induced conformational changes in Escherichia coli alkaline phosphatase. | Ultraviolet difference spectra are produced by the binding of divalent metal ions to metal-free alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1). The interaction of the apoprotein with Zn2+, Mn2+, Co2+ and Cd2+, which induce the tight binding of one phosphate ion per dimer, give distinctly different ultraviolet spectra changes from N... | Metal ion-induced conformational changes in Escherichia coli alkaline phosphatase. Ultraviolet difference spectra are produced by the binding of divalent metal ions to metal-free alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1). The interaction of the apoprotein with Zn2+, Mn2+, Co2+ and Cd2+, which induce the tight binding of one ph... | [
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PMID:12824 | Rat intestinal phosphodiesterase II. Properties of the highly purified enzyme and its inactivation by iodoacetic acid. | A highly purifed preparation of rat intestinal phosphodiesterase II (oligonucleate 3'-nucleotidohydrolase, EC 3.1.4.18) has been studied using a synthetic substrate, thymidine 3'(2,4-dinitrophenyl) phosphate. The enzyme was most active between pH 6.1 and pH 6.7 and was inhibited by Cu2+ and Zn2+ but unaffected by EDTA,... | Rat intestinal phosphodiesterase II. Properties of the highly purified enzyme and its inactivation by iodoacetic acid. A highly purifed preparation of rat intestinal phosphodiesterase II (oligonucleate 3'-nucleotidohydrolase, EC 3.1.4.18) has been studied using a synthetic substrate, thymidine 3'(2,4-dinitrophenyl) pho... | [
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PMID:12825 | Oxidation of methyl derivatives of pteridin-4-one, lumazine and related pteridines by bovine milk xanthine oxidase. | 1. Pteridin-4-ones, methylated at nitrogen or carbon, N-methylated lumazines and related oxopteridines were studied as substrates of a highly purified bovine milk xanthine oxidase (xanthine : oxygen oxidoreductase, EC 1.2.3.2). 2. The enzyme can oxidise at high rates both uncharged and anionic substrates. Variation of ... | Oxidation of methyl derivatives of pteridin-4-one, lumazine and related pteridines by bovine milk xanthine oxidase. 1. Pteridin-4-ones, methylated at nitrogen or carbon, N-methylated lumazines and related oxopteridines were studied as substrates of a highly purified bovine milk xanthine oxidase (xanthine : oxygen oxido... | [
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PMID:12826 | Purification and properties of rabbit heart muscle aldolase. | Fructose diphosphate aldolase (D-fructose-1,6-biphosphate D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate lyase, EC 4.1.2.13) from rabbit heart has been purified and obtained in crystalline form. The preparations are homogeneous on the basis of disc gel electrophoresis and ultracentrifugation. The catalytic and the molecular properties i... | Purification and properties of rabbit heart muscle aldolase. Fructose diphosphate aldolase (D-fructose-1,6-biphosphate D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate lyase, EC 4.1.2.13) from rabbit heart has been purified and obtained in crystalline form. The preparations are homogeneous on the basis of disc gel electrophoresis and ultr... | [
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PMID:12827 | A cis-trans isomerising activity of Escherichia coli. Isomerization from 2-(2-furyl)-3-cis-(5-nitro-2-furyl) acrylamide (furylfuramide) to its trans isomer. | The soluble enzyme fraction derived from Escherichia coli K-12 JE2100 cells was found to exhibit, in addition to Nadh- and NADPH-dependent reductase activities, NADH-dependent cis-trans isomerising activity toward 2-(2-furyl-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)acrylamide leading to a specific change in geometrical configuration of the ... | A cis-trans isomerising activity of Escherichia coli. Isomerization from 2-(2-furyl)-3-cis-(5-nitro-2-furyl) acrylamide (furylfuramide) to its trans isomer. The soluble enzyme fraction derived from Escherichia coli K-12 JE2100 cells was found to exhibit, in addition to Nadh- and NADPH-dependent reductase activities, NA... | [
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PMID:12828 | Influence of 8-substitutes on the oxidation of hypoxanthine and 6-thioxopurine by bovine milk xanthine oxidase. | 1. The influence of 8-substituents was studied on the rate of oxidation of hypoxanthine and 6-thioxopurine by bovine milk xanthine oxidase (EC 1.2.3.2). 2. An 8-methyl group does not alter the rate of oxidation of hypoxanthine materially, but an 8-phenyl substituent reduces it markedly. This is ascribed to inhibition o... | Influence of 8-substitutes on the oxidation of hypoxanthine and 6-thioxopurine by bovine milk xanthine oxidase. 1. The influence of 8-substituents was studied on the rate of oxidation of hypoxanthine and 6-thioxopurine by bovine milk xanthine oxidase (EC 1.2.3.2). 2. An 8-methyl group does not alter the rate of oxidati... | [
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PMID:12829 | Transhydrogenase activity in the marine bacterium Beneckea natriegens. | The marine bacterium, Beneckea natriegens, which has previously been reported not to form transhydrogenase, has been shown to synthesize a soluble energy-independent transhydrogenase (NADPH:NADP+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.6.1.1), though no energy-linked activity could be detected. The transhydrogenase is induced maximally i... | Transhydrogenase activity in the marine bacterium Beneckea natriegens. The marine bacterium, Beneckea natriegens, which has previously been reported not to form transhydrogenase, has been shown to synthesize a soluble energy-independent transhydrogenase (NADPH:NADP+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.6.1.1), though no energy-linked ... | [
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PMID:12830 | Reactions of the Neurospora crassa nitrate reductase with NAD(P) analogs. | The assimilatory NADPH-nitrate reductase (NADPH:nitrate oxidoreductase, EC 1.6.6.3) from Neurospora crassa is competitively inhibited by 3-aminopyridine adenine dinucleotide (AAD) and 3-aminopyridine adenine dinucleotide phosphate (AADP) which are structural analogs of NAD and NADP, respectively. The amino group of the... | Reactions of the Neurospora crassa nitrate reductase with NAD(P) analogs. The assimilatory NADPH-nitrate reductase (NADPH:nitrate oxidoreductase, EC 1.6.6.3) from Neurospora crassa is competitively inhibited by 3-aminopyridine adenine dinucleotide (AAD) and 3-aminopyridine adenine dinucleotide phosphate (AADP) which ar... | [
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PMID:12831 | Purification and characterization of cholesterol esterase from porcine pancreas. | A protein catalyzing the hydrolysis of cholesterol esters and p-nitrophenyl acetate has been purified 200-fold from porcine pancreas. The enzyme is homogenous as judged by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and exhibits a molecular weight of 80 000 as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate electrophoresis and gel filtrat... | Purification and characterization of cholesterol esterase from porcine pancreas. A protein catalyzing the hydrolysis of cholesterol esters and p-nitrophenyl acetate has been purified 200-fold from porcine pancreas. The enzyme is homogenous as judged by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and exhibits a molecular weight ... | [
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PMID:12832 | Conversion of 9-D- and 13-L-hydroperoxylinoleic acids by soybean lipoxygenase-1 under anaerobic conditions. | Soybean lipoxygenase-1 reacts with both 9-D and 13-L-hydroperoxylinoleic acids under anaerobic conditions. Approximately 40% of the hydroperoxide is converted into oxodienes, absorbing at 285 nm. Concomitantly, more polar compounds are formed, tentatively identified as being mainly epoxy-hydroxy-octadecenoic acids. Whe... | Conversion of 9-D- and 13-L-hydroperoxylinoleic acids by soybean lipoxygenase-1 under anaerobic conditions. Soybean lipoxygenase-1 reacts with both 9-D and 13-L-hydroperoxylinoleic acids under anaerobic conditions. Approximately 40% of the hydroperoxide is converted into oxodienes, absorbing at 285 nm. Concomitantly, m... | [
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PMID:12833 | Kinetic study of lipoxygenase-hydroperoxylinoleic acid interaction. | Interaction of lipoxygenase with hydroperoxylinoleic acid, which is the product of this enzyme reaction and acts as an activator, was studied kinetically by the fluorescence stopped-flow method. The kinetic features are consistent with a two-step mechanism involving a fast bimolecular association process followed by a ... | Kinetic study of lipoxygenase-hydroperoxylinoleic acid interaction. Interaction of lipoxygenase with hydroperoxylinoleic acid, which is the product of this enzyme reaction and acts as an activator, was studied kinetically by the fluorescence stopped-flow method. The kinetic features are consistent with a two-step mecha... | [
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PMID:12834 | Studies on the metabolism of beta-carotene and apo-beta-carotenoids in rats and chickens. | (1)The relative abilities of the various fractions of rat and chicken liver to oxidize and reduce retinal and 8'-and 12'-apo-beta-carotenal were investigatjed and it has been shown that, while retinal is exclusely oxidized by the soluble fraction, the apocarotenals are mostly oxidized by the particulate fractions of th... | Studies on the metabolism of beta-carotene and apo-beta-carotenoids in rats and chickens. (1)The relative abilities of the various fractions of rat and chicken liver to oxidize and reduce retinal and 8'-and 12'-apo-beta-carotenal were investigatjed and it has been shown that, while retinal is exclusely oxidized by the ... | [
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PMID:12835 | Very low density lipoprotein. Dissociation of apolipoprotein C during lipoprotein lipase induced lipolysis. | The fate of apo C in rat plasma very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) during lipolysis was studied using VLDL labeled specifically with 125I-labeled apo C and purified bovine milk lipoprotein lipase. Incubations were carried out in vitro and included serum-containing systems and albumin containing systems. Free fatty aci... | Very low density lipoprotein. Dissociation of apolipoprotein C during lipoprotein lipase induced lipolysis. The fate of apo C in rat plasma very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) during lipolysis was studied using VLDL labeled specifically with 125I-labeled apo C and purified bovine milk lipoprotein lipase. Incubations we... | [
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PMID:12836 | Studies on the biosynthesis of acylphosphatidylglycerol in Escherichia coli B and B/r. | The present study has demonstrated that one molecule of acylphosphatidylglycerol was synthesized from two molecules of phosphatidylgycerol by the transacylation reaction in which phosphatidylglycerol acted both as an acyl donor and an acceptor. Phosphatidylethanolamine was identified as an another acyl donor, participa... | Studies on the biosynthesis of acylphosphatidylglycerol in Escherichia coli B and B/r. The present study has demonstrated that one molecule of acylphosphatidylglycerol was synthesized from two molecules of phosphatidylgycerol by the transacylation reaction in which phosphatidylglycerol acted both as an acyl donor and a... | [
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PMID:12837 | Inhibition of in vitro cholesterol synthesis by fatty acids. | Inhibitory effect of 44 species of fatty acids on cholesterol synthesis has been examined with a rat liver enzyme system. In the case of saturated fatty acids, the inhibitory activity increased with chain length to a maximum at 11 to 14 carbons, after which activity decreased rapidly. The inhibition increased with the ... | Inhibition of in vitro cholesterol synthesis by fatty acids. Inhibitory effect of 44 species of fatty acids on cholesterol synthesis has been examined with a rat liver enzyme system. In the case of saturated fatty acids, the inhibitory activity increased with chain length to a maximum at 11 to 14 carbons, after which a... | [
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PMID:12839 | Purification and properties of acid phosphatases isolated from Owenia fusiformis. | Acid phosphatase (EC. 3.1.3.2) has been separated by molecular sieving into two fractions and these fractions were purified by Sephadex ion-exchange chromatography. One of the purified enzymes (fraction II) was purified 830 fold and had a specific activity of 34 international units per mg protein at 37 degrees C and at... | Purification and properties of acid phosphatases isolated from Owenia fusiformis. Acid phosphatase (EC. 3.1.3.2) has been separated by molecular sieving into two fractions and these fractions were purified by Sephadex ion-exchange chromatography. One of the purified enzymes (fraction II) was purified 830 fold and had a... | [
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PMID:12838 | [Biphasic nature of the light-dependent transport of C14-alanine into Halobacterium holobium cells]. | Biphase character of photoinduced pH change in H. halobium R1 suspension cells is shown: in the first illumination period pH rises and only afterwards it decreases. pH increase is accompanied by the introduction of C14-alanine into the cells, while the decrease by its yield up to the level lower than the "dark" one ("n... | [Biphasic nature of the light-dependent transport of C14-alanine into Halobacterium holobium cells]. Biphase character of photoinduced pH change in H. halobium R1 suspension cells is shown: in the first illumination period pH rises and only afterwards it decreases. pH increase is accompanied by the introduction of C14-... | [
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PMID:12845 | Prothrombin complex concentrates: potentially thrombogenic materials and clues to the mechanism of thrombosis in vivo. | Factors affecting the coagulant activity of two different prothrombin complex concentrates have been investigated using a sensitive in vitro assay developed in this laboratory. One concentrate contained substantial amounts of potentially thrombogenic material, while the other, which was deliberately fortified with anti... | Prothrombin complex concentrates: potentially thrombogenic materials and clues to the mechanism of thrombosis in vivo. Factors affecting the coagulant activity of two different prothrombin complex concentrates have been investigated using a sensitive in vitro assay developed in this laboratory. One concentrate containe... | [
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PMID:12846 | G-6-PD Long Prairie: a new glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase mutant exhibiting normal sensitivity to inhibition by NADPH and accompanied by nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia. | The enzymatic properties of a new glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) variant (G-6-PD Long Prairie) were studied in a white patient with chronic nonspherocytic hemolysis. The red cells were found to have 2.3%-7.7% normal enzymatic activity. The mutant enzyme exhibited marked heat instability, an increased pH opt... | G-6-PD Long Prairie: a new glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase mutant exhibiting normal sensitivity to inhibition by NADPH and accompanied by nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia. The enzymatic properties of a new glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) variant (G-6-PD Long Prairie) were studied in a white patient with chr... | [
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PMID:12847 | Experience with incompatible maternal donors for bone marrow transplantation. | Marrow transplantation in aplastic anemia and leukemia has generally been limited to siblings who have been histocompatible at both the serological (A and B) and lymphocyte determined (D or MLC) loci of the HLA system. We studied three male patients, two with aplastic anemia and one with acute myelogenous leukemia, who... | Experience with incompatible maternal donors for bone marrow transplantation. Marrow transplantation in aplastic anemia and leukemia has generally been limited to siblings who have been histocompatible at both the serological (A and B) and lymphocyte determined (D or MLC) loci of the HLA system. We studied three male p... | [
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PMID:12849 | Looking both ways. Presidential address delivered at British Institute of Radiology Annual Congress-9th April 1976. | The address looks backward over the progress made in the techniques of radiology--both diagnosis and therapy--over the past 30 years and forward to the possibilities which lie ahead. It draws attention to the continuing need for basic research as the source from which practical advances spring, illustrating this from t... | Looking both ways. Presidential address delivered at British Institute of Radiology Annual Congress-9th April 1976. The address looks backward over the progress made in the techniques of radiology--both diagnosis and therapy--over the past 30 years and forward to the possibilities which lie ahead. It draws attention to... | [
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PMID:12850 | Atenolol, methyldopa, and chlorthalidone in moderate hypertension. | Combined treatment with low doses of different drugs is widely used for moderate hypertension. The effects of atenolol and methyldopa at two dose levels and in combination at the lower doses were studied in patients with moderate hypertension on continuous treatment with moderate hypertension on continuous treatment wi... | Atenolol, methyldopa, and chlorthalidone in moderate hypertension. Combined treatment with low doses of different drugs is widely used for moderate hypertension. The effects of atenolol and methyldopa at two dose levels and in combination at the lower doses were studied in patients with moderate hypertension on continu... | [
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PMID:12851 | Tetracycline resistance in pneumococci and group A streptococci. Report of an ad-hoc study group on antibiotic resistance. | In a nationwide survey in the spring of 1975 into the prevalence of tetracycline resistance among pneumoccoci and group A streptococci isolates, 21 laboratories reported the sensitivity of isolates and details of the patients. Altogether 13% of the 1528 pneumococci isolated were resistant to tetracycline, but there wer... | Tetracycline resistance in pneumococci and group A streptococci. Report of an ad-hoc study group on antibiotic resistance. In a nationwide survey in the spring of 1975 into the prevalence of tetracycline resistance among pneumoccoci and group A streptococci isolates, 21 laboratories reported the sensitivity of isolates... | [
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PMID:12856 | GABA and glycine transport in frog CNS: high affinity uptake and potassium-evoked release in vitro. | Slices of frog cerebrum, optic tectum, medulla and spinal cord rapidly accumulate [3H]GABA and [3H]glycine from the surrounding medium so that after 10 min tissue:medium ratios as high as 113 for GABA (optic tectum) and 18.5 for glycine (medulla) may be achieved. Kinetic analysis revealed two distinct saturable uptake ... | GABA and glycine transport in frog CNS: high affinity uptake and potassium-evoked release in vitro. Slices of frog cerebrum, optic tectum, medulla and spinal cord rapidly accumulate [3H]GABA and [3H]glycine from the surrounding medium so that after 10 min tissue:medium ratios as high as 113 for GABA (optic tectum) and ... | [
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PMID:12857 | Catecholamine turnover alterations in discrete areas of the median eminence of the 4- and 5-day cyclic rat. | Using quantitative microfluorimetry in combination with tyrosine hydroxylase inhibition (H44/68) the concentration and turnover of noradrenaline (NA) and dopamine (DA) was studied in the subependymal layer (SEL) and the medial (MPZ) and lateral palisade zone (LPZ) of the rat median eminence during the 4- and 5- day vag... | Catecholamine turnover alterations in discrete areas of the median eminence of the 4- and 5-day cyclic rat. Using quantitative microfluorimetry in combination with tyrosine hydroxylase inhibition (H44/68) the concentration and turnover of noradrenaline (NA) and dopamine (DA) was studied in the subependymal layer (SEL) ... | [
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PMID:12862 | Cerebral carbohydrate metabolism during acute carbon monoxide intoxication. | The cerebral metabolic effects of 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 20, 30 and 60 min exposure to 1% CO were studied in lightly anesthetized rats by measurement of cerebral cortical contents of selected glycolytic and citric acid cylce intermediates, as well as tissue energy phosphates. The initial change in the glycolytic sequence occ... | Cerebral carbohydrate metabolism during acute carbon monoxide intoxication. The cerebral metabolic effects of 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 20, 30 and 60 min exposure to 1% CO were studied in lightly anesthetized rats by measurement of cerebral cortical contents of selected glycolytic and citric acid cylce intermediates, as well as... | [
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PMID:12863 | Isolation and characterization of a bacteriocin produced by Bacillus stearothermophilus strain NU-10. | Broth-grown cultures of Bacillus stearothermophilus strain NU-10 produce a bacteriocin which exerts lethal activity on other strains of the bacterium. Optimal production occurs during late maximum stationary phase of growth, at neutral pH, and 55-65 degrees C. The bacteriocin can be substantially purified by a combinat... | Isolation and characterization of a bacteriocin produced by Bacillus stearothermophilus strain NU-10. Broth-grown cultures of Bacillus stearothermophilus strain NU-10 produce a bacteriocin which exerts lethal activity on other strains of the bacterium. Optimal production occurs during late maximum stationary phase of g... | [
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PMID:12864 | A radioimmunoassay method for 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyluracil using antibodies directed against 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine. | Above pH 7.0 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyluracil (ara-U) shows marked pH-dependent cross-reactivity with antibodies directed towards 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine. Since this peculiar phenomenon has not been observed with other nucleosides and nucleotides thus far tested, it is probably the result of base-catalyzed tau... | A radioimmunoassay method for 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyluracil using antibodies directed against 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine. Above pH 7.0 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyluracil (ara-U) shows marked pH-dependent cross-reactivity with antibodies directed towards 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine. Since this peculiar pheno... | [
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PMID:12865 | Dissociation of 5-fluorouracil uptake from intracellular pH in Walker 256 carcinosarcoma. | The influence of intracellular pH (pHi) upon 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) uptake has been studied in slices of Walker 256 carcinosarcoma and rat liver. Alteration of pHi was achieved by the addition of either glucose alone or together with oxamic acid to the incubation medium. Results indicated that 5-FU uptake by the tumor s... | Dissociation of 5-fluorouracil uptake from intracellular pH in Walker 256 carcinosarcoma. The influence of intracellular pH (pHi) upon 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) uptake has been studied in slices of Walker 256 carcinosarcoma and rat liver. Alteration of pHi was achieved by the addition of either glucose alone or together wi... | [
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PMID:12866 | New sugars from antigenic lipopolysaccharides of bacteria: identification and synthesis of 3-O-[(R)-1-carboxyethyl]-L-rhamnose, an acidic component of Shigella dysenteriae type 5 lipopolysaccharide. | A new acidic sugar, 3-O-[(R)-1-carboxyethyl]-L-rhamnose (1), has been identified as a constituent of the O-antigenic lipopolysaccharide of Sh. dysenteriae type 5. The structure of 1 has been established by physico-chemical methods and by synthesis. Alkylation of methyl 2,5-di-O-benzyl-alpha-L-rhamnofuranoside (6) with ... | New sugars from antigenic lipopolysaccharides of bacteria: identification and synthesis of 3-O-[(R)-1-carboxyethyl]-L-rhamnose, an acidic component of Shigella dysenteriae type 5 lipopolysaccharide. A new acidic sugar, 3-O-[(R)-1-carboxyethyl]-L-rhamnose (1), has been identified as a constituent of the O-antigenic lipo... | [
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PMID:12867 | Analysis of the inotropic: chronotropic selectivity of dobutamine and dopamine in anaethetised dogs and guinea-pig isolated atria. | The previously reported in vivo inotropic selectivity of dobutamine and dopamine compared with isoprenaline has been demonstrated in anaesthetised bivagotamised open chest dogs. Responses of heart rate, right ventricular tension, left ventricular dP/dtmax, and blood pressure were measured. Compared with isoprenaline, d... | Analysis of the inotropic: chronotropic selectivity of dobutamine and dopamine in anaethetised dogs and guinea-pig isolated atria. The previously reported in vivo inotropic selectivity of dobutamine and dopamine compared with isoprenaline has been demonstrated in anaesthetised bivagotamised open chest dogs. Responses o... | [
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PMID:12869 | The effect of fixation conditions on the ultrastructural appearance of gastrin cell granules in the rat gastric pyloric antrum. | The ultrastructural appearance of gastrin cell (G cell) granules was studied after different fixation procedures. When the pH of prefixation was varied there was greater preservation of the electron density of granule cores after acidic (pH 5.0 and 6.0) than after neutral or alkaline (pH 7.0 and 8.0) prefixation. Incre... | The effect of fixation conditions on the ultrastructural appearance of gastrin cell granules in the rat gastric pyloric antrum. The ultrastructural appearance of gastrin cell (G cell) granules was studied after different fixation procedures. When the pH of prefixation was varied there was greater preservation of the el... | [
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PMID:12870 | Stable mutants of mammalian cells that overproduce the first three enzymes of pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis. | Upon exposure to 0.1 mM N-phosphonacetyl-L-aspartate (PALA), a transition state analog inhibitor of aspartate transcarbamylase, most cells of a simian virus 40 (SV40)-transformed Syrian hamster line are killed within a few days, but resistant mutants form spontaneously with frequency 2-5 X 10(-5) in a stochastic proces... | Stable mutants of mammalian cells that overproduce the first three enzymes of pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis. Upon exposure to 0.1 mM N-phosphonacetyl-L-aspartate (PALA), a transition state analog inhibitor of aspartate transcarbamylase, most cells of a simian virus 40 (SV40)-transformed Syrian hamster line are kil... | [
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PMID:12875 | Interactions of various 19-nor steroids with human placental microsomal cytochrome P-450 (P-450hpm). | Each of seven 19-nor steroids exhibited the capacity to facilitate the binding of carbon monoxide (CO) to human placental microsomal cytochrome P-450 although quantitative differences were shown to exist. In every case the facilitation was antagonized by androstenedione. 19-Norandrostenedione produced the most pronounc... | Interactions of various 19-nor steroids with human placental microsomal cytochrome P-450 (P-450hpm). Each of seven 19-nor steroids exhibited the capacity to facilitate the binding of carbon monoxide (CO) to human placental microsomal cytochrome P-450 although quantitative differences were shown to exist. In every case ... | [
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PMID:12876 | Fatty acids diffusion in lecithin multilayers: hydration and PH effects. | The diffusion of the sodium salt of monocarboxylic fatty acids, from formate to stearate, has been studied as a function of water content and pH in lecithin--water lamellar phases. Evolution of the diffusion coefficients with increasing chain length reflects the different localizations of fatty acids in the system. Fro... | Fatty acids diffusion in lecithin multilayers: hydration and PH effects. The diffusion of the sodium salt of monocarboxylic fatty acids, from formate to stearate, has been studied as a function of water content and pH in lecithin--water lamellar phases. Evolution of the diffusion coefficients with increasing chain leng... | [
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PMID:12878 | [Hydrochloric acid secretion of fetal rat gastric mucosa]. | In Rat, spontaneous secretion of hydrochloric acid by gastric mucosa takes place before birth. From day 20 of gestation until birth, the pH of gastric content markedly decreases, reaching 3 pH-units in newborns. During this period, Cl- concentration in gastric juice increases, while p-CO2 remains constant. | [Hydrochloric acid secretion of fetal rat gastric mucosa]. In Rat, spontaneous secretion of hydrochloric acid by gastric mucosa takes place before birth. From day 20 of gestation until birth, the pH of gastric content markedly decreases, reaching 3 pH-units in newborns. During this period, Cl- concentration in gastric ... | [
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... |
PMID:12879 | [Multiplicity of beta lactamases: a problem of isoenzymes]. | Analytical isoelectric focusing of beta lactamases is a very sensitive and powerful technique which generally shows a number of satellites near the main enzymatic spike. By this technique we studied two bacterial groups known to produce different beta lactamases, but only one by germ. Analytical isoelectric focusing sh... | [Multiplicity of beta lactamases: a problem of isoenzymes]. Analytical isoelectric focusing of beta lactamases is a very sensitive and powerful technique which generally shows a number of satellites near the main enzymatic spike. By this technique we studied two bacterial groups known to produce different beta lactamas... | [
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PMID:12880 | Hemodynamic effects of labetalol, an alpha and beta adrenergic blocking agent, in hypertensive subjects. | Labetalol was administered to six hypertensive subjects in increasing doses for seven days. A decrease in both supine and standing arterial pressure and heart rate was observed with no change in cardiac output and few side effects. Exercise tolerance was unaltered by the drug, but the heart rate and arterial pressure r... | Hemodynamic effects of labetalol, an alpha and beta adrenergic blocking agent, in hypertensive subjects. Labetalol was administered to six hypertensive subjects in increasing doses for seven days. A decrease in both supine and standing arterial pressure and heart rate was observed with no change in cardiac output and f... | [
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... |
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