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PMID:13028 | [Pressor action of propranolol; with special reference to relationship between the pressor action and peripheral vascular tone]. | We showed in previous studies that pro pranolol produced a pressor action in the rat, and that this action was also observed in the spinal rat infused with adrenaline, noradrenaline and a mixture of isoproterenol and vasopressin, but not with vasopression alone. The action was also observed in the guinea pig infused wi... | [Pressor action of propranolol; with special reference to relationship between the pressor action and peripheral vascular tone]. We showed in previous studies that pro pranolol produced a pressor action in the rat, and that this action was also observed in the spinal rat infused with adrenaline, noradrenaline and a mix... | [
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PMID:13029 | [Effects of a benzodiazepine derivative, MS4101, on emotional behaviour of untamed cats]. | Effects of MS4101 on emotional behaviour in untamed cats were studied and compared with those of diazepam. Offensive behaviour, i.e., whine response to a rod presented in front of the snout and blowing air on back hair was markedly observed, and whine, attacking and biting responses to tapping with a rod on the back in... | [Effects of a benzodiazepine derivative, MS4101, on emotional behaviour of untamed cats]. Effects of MS4101 on emotional behaviour in untamed cats were studied and compared with those of diazepam. Offensive behaviour, i.e., whine response to a rod presented in front of the snout and blowing air on back hair was markedl... | [
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PMID:13030 | [The radiological diagnosis of shock lung (author's transl)]. | So-called "shock lung" has typical pathological findings; radiologically it is characterised at first by interstitial, late by alveolar pulmonary oedema. This has been shown by a number of case reports. In addition to shock, however, certain intoxications and all forms of left heart failure produce the radiological cha... | [The radiological diagnosis of shock lung (author's transl)]. So-called "shock lung" has typical pathological findings; radiologically it is characterised at first by interstitial, late by alveolar pulmonary oedema. This has been shown by a number of case reports. In addition to shock, however, certain intoxications an... | [
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PMID:13031 | [The spina bifida child with special reference to urologic disease]. | From the view of the urological diseases a new conception of the spina bifida cystica is represented. The first part contains informations on etiology, pathological anatomy and physio-pathology. Considering the urological diseases (neurogenic bladder with incontinence and residual urine, vesico ureteric reflux and chro... | [The spina bifida child with special reference to urologic disease]. From the view of the urological diseases a new conception of the spina bifida cystica is represented. The first part contains informations on etiology, pathological anatomy and physio-pathology. Considering the urological diseases (neurogenic bladder ... | [
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PMID:13032 | [The development of vaccination as demonstrated on the development of the Bavarian State Vaccination Institute in the 19th and 20th centuries]. | In 1801 the smallpox vaccination has been introduced in Bavaria by order of the Duke Franz Joseph. He appointed a Medical Superintendent, responsible for smallpox vaccinations for the whole country. This was the hour of birth for the Institute, too. The Institute developed quickly to a point of crystallization in the f... | [The development of vaccination as demonstrated on the development of the Bavarian State Vaccination Institute in the 19th and 20th centuries]. In 1801 the smallpox vaccination has been introduced in Bavaria by order of the Duke Franz Joseph. He appointed a Medical Superintendent, responsible for smallpox vaccinations ... | [
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PMID:13033 | [Smallpox vaccine, then and now. From the "cow lymphe" to the cell-culture vaccine]. | There have been few changes in the preparation of smallpox vaccine since Eduard Jenner described his method of preventive inoculation in 1798. Jenner's vaccine, "the matter", was maintained in man by arm to arm passage. The only major achievement in production methods was the introduction of an animal host for virus pr... | [Smallpox vaccine, then and now. From the "cow lymphe" to the cell-culture vaccine]. There have been few changes in the preparation of smallpox vaccine since Eduard Jenner described his method of preventive inoculation in 1798. Jenner's vaccine, "the matter", was maintained in man by arm to arm passage. The only major ... | [
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PMID:13038 | Role of urinary solutes in natural immunity to gonorrhea. | Natural resistance of the male urethra to gonococci has not been explained by classical immune mechanisms but could result from antibacterial properties of urine. Accordingly, we measured survival in midmorning urine of 10(7) F-62 T2 gonococci per ml by serial dilutions and plate counts. Fifteen killer urines from eigh... | Role of urinary solutes in natural immunity to gonorrhea. Natural resistance of the male urethra to gonococci has not been explained by classical immune mechanisms but could result from antibacterial properties of urine. Accordingly, we measured survival in midmorning urine of 10(7) F-62 T2 gonococci per ml by serial d... | [
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PMID:13039 | Effects of pneumococcal mucopeptide and capsular polysaccharide on phagocytosis. | Pneumoccal cell wall and capsular products from eight serotypes were tested for their ability to inhibit polymorphonuclear neutrophil killing of the same eight pneumococcal strains. Crude pneumococcal cell wall preparations from all serotypes inhibited phagocytic killing of several pneumococcal serotypes, and were just... | Effects of pneumococcal mucopeptide and capsular polysaccharide on phagocytosis. Pneumoccal cell wall and capsular products from eight serotypes were tested for their ability to inhibit polymorphonuclear neutrophil killing of the same eight pneumococcal strains. Crude pneumococcal cell wall preparations from all seroty... | [
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PMID:13040 | Glucosyltransferase production by Streptococcus sanguis 804 (NCTC 10904). | Streptococcus sanguis 804 (NCTC 10904) was grown ih batch culture at constant pH. and the glucosyltransferase activity of the supernatant was assayed over a 40-h growth period. The optimum pH for enzyme production was 7.0 to 7.2. During growth of the culture, three reproducible phases of enzyme activity were observed. ... | Glucosyltransferase production by Streptococcus sanguis 804 (NCTC 10904). Streptococcus sanguis 804 (NCTC 10904) was grown ih batch culture at constant pH. and the glucosyltransferase activity of the supernatant was assayed over a 40-h growth period. The optimum pH for enzyme production was 7.0 to 7.2. During growth of... | [
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PMID:13041 | Production and detection of staphylococcal elastase. | The optimum conditions were determined for the production and detection of staphylococcal elastase from Staphylococcus epidermidis. Optimum production and recovery took place when the dialysis membrane technique was utilized with brain heart infusion agar incubated for 44 h under 15% CO2 and harvested in physiological ... | Production and detection of staphylococcal elastase. The optimum conditions were determined for the production and detection of staphylococcal elastase from Staphylococcus epidermidis. Optimum production and recovery took place when the dialysis membrane technique was utilized with brain heart infusion agar incubated f... | [
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PMID:13047 | Side effects on fetus and infant of psychotropic drug use during pregnancy. | Psychotropic drugs are used frequently for the treatment of emotional as well as other disorders. With usage so widespread, many pregnant women receive psychotropic drugs. Maternal ingestion of these drugs may produce, in the fetus, side effects including withdrawal symptoms. Withdrawal signs in the fetus as a result o... | Side effects on fetus and infant of psychotropic drug use during pregnancy. Psychotropic drugs are used frequently for the treatment of emotional as well as other disorders. With usage so widespread, many pregnant women receive psychotropic drugs. Maternal ingestion of these drugs may produce, in the fetus, side effect... | [
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PMID:13048 | Stability of mammalian lens phosphofructokinase. | Two interconvertible phosphofructokinase (PFK) forms were found in rat and human lenses; whereas only one predominant form was found in calf lens. PFK isolated from these lenses possessed a common property, i.e., pH-dependent cold (or acid) lability. The inactivation was prevented by including either adenosine triphosp... | Stability of mammalian lens phosphofructokinase. Two interconvertible phosphofructokinase (PFK) forms were found in rat and human lenses; whereas only one predominant form was found in calf lens. PFK isolated from these lenses possessed a common property, i.e., pH-dependent cold (or acid) lability. The inactivation was... | [
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PMID:13049 | Methenamine and its salts as urinary tract antiseptics: variables affecting the antibacterial activity of formaldehyde, mandelic acid, and hippuric acid in vitro. | The activities of formaldehyde and of mandelic and hippuric acids, alone and in combination, have been tested against some 300 strains of bacteria typical of those causing urinary tract infections. In a chemically defined medium, which resembles urine in many respects, formaldehyde had a mean minimal inhibitory concent... | Methenamine and its salts as urinary tract antiseptics: variables affecting the antibacterial activity of formaldehyde, mandelic acid, and hippuric acid in vitro. The activities of formaldehyde and of mandelic and hippuric acids, alone and in combination, have been tested against some 300 strains of bacteria typical of... | [
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PMID:13050 | Interaction of uricine with uric acid and its effect on uric acid precipitation. | Uricine is a yellow-red pigment isolated from uric acid stones where it is always found. It binds to the uric acid, as shown by gel chromatography, at constant uric acid elution. It also increases the capacity of the uric acid to form larger aggregates and therefore the capacity of the uric acid to precipitate is enhan... | Interaction of uricine with uric acid and its effect on uric acid precipitation. Uricine is a yellow-red pigment isolated from uric acid stones where it is always found. It binds to the uric acid, as shown by gel chromatography, at constant uric acid elution. It also increases the capacity of the uric acid to form larg... | [
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PMID:13054 | Adenosine triphosphate catabolism in homogenates of rat secretory enamel organs incubated in histochemical lead media. | To investigate how lead, when used as trapping agent, influences the ATP hydrolysis and to study how ATP is catalyzed in histochemical systems, homogenized secretory enamel organs were incubated in histochemical [3H]-ATP media. Aliquots from the media were taken after 3, 10, 20 and 30 min, the ATP and formed metabolite... | Adenosine triphosphate catabolism in homogenates of rat secretory enamel organs incubated in histochemical lead media. To investigate how lead, when used as trapping agent, influences the ATP hydrolysis and to study how ATP is catalyzed in histochemical systems, homogenized secretory enamel organs were incubated in his... | [
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PMID:13055 | Immunotherapy in two foals with combined immunodeficiency, resulting in graft versus host reaction. | Immunotherapy was attempted in 2 Arabian foals with combined immunodeficiency. One foal was given a transplant of bone marrow from a selected full sibling, and 1 foal was given a fetal thymus transplant. Both foals died. Genetic evidence was obtained for survival of the transplanted tissues in both cases; however, a gr... | Immunotherapy in two foals with combined immunodeficiency, resulting in graft versus host reaction. Immunotherapy was attempted in 2 Arabian foals with combined immunodeficiency. One foal was given a transplant of bone marrow from a selected full sibling, and 1 foal was given a fetal thymus transplant. Both foals died.... | [
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PMID:13053 | Treatment of chronic ventricular arrhythmias [proceedings]. | Treatment of ventricular arrhythmias at the present time is difficult and requires a strong commitment on the part of the physician and the patient. Adequate documentation of the arrhythmia with continuous ECG recordings (Holter recordings), preferably for 24 hours, should be performed in each case. Exercise testing ca... | Treatment of chronic ventricular arrhythmias [proceedings]. Treatment of ventricular arrhythmias at the present time is difficult and requires a strong commitment on the part of the physician and the patient. Adequate documentation of the arrhythmia with continuous ECG recordings (Holter recordings), preferably for 24 ... | [
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PMID:13056 | Microbial acetylation of M factor of virginiamycin. | The M component of virginiamycin was found to be modified by whole cells or cell-free enzyme preparations of a Staphylococcus aureus strain. It was shown that this reaction proceeds by enzymatic acetylation of the secondary alcoholic function of the molecule, followed by a rapid chemical degradation of the O-acetylated... | Microbial acetylation of M factor of virginiamycin. The M component of virginiamycin was found to be modified by whole cells or cell-free enzyme preparations of a Staphylococcus aureus strain. It was shown that this reaction proceeds by enzymatic acetylation of the secondary alcoholic function of the molecule, followed... | [
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PMID:13058 | Rapid, shallow breathing after Ascaris suum antigen inhalation: role of vagus nerves. | In five treadmill-exercising, unsedated dogs, we studied the effect of inhaled Ascaris suum antigen aerosols on minute volume of ventilation (VE), respiratory frequency (f), tidal volume (VT), total pulmonary resistance (RL), and dynamic pulmonary compliance (CLdyn), before and during cooling of the vagus nerves. With ... | Rapid, shallow breathing after Ascaris suum antigen inhalation: role of vagus nerves. In five treadmill-exercising, unsedated dogs, we studied the effect of inhaled Ascaris suum antigen aerosols on minute volume of ventilation (VE), respiratory frequency (f), tidal volume (VT), total pulmonary resistance (RL), and dyna... | [
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PMID:13059 | pH effects on lactate and excess lactate in relation to O2 deficit in hypoxic dogs. | Both hypoxemia and alkalemia increase arterial lactate levels, but excess lactate (XL) may be better related to the true O2 deficit and less subject to the pH effect upon glycolysis. To test this idea, 50 anesthetized (30 ml/kg pentobarbital sodium) and paralyzed dogs in five groups were ventilated with low O2 mixtures... | pH effects on lactate and excess lactate in relation to O2 deficit in hypoxic dogs. Both hypoxemia and alkalemia increase arterial lactate levels, but excess lactate (XL) may be better related to the true O2 deficit and less subject to the pH effect upon glycolysis. To test this idea, 50 anesthetized (30 ml/kg pentobar... | [
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PMID:13061 | Studies on cathepsins of rat liver lysosomes. III. Hydrolysis of peptides, and inactivation of angiotensin and bradykinin by cathepsin A. | Systematic analysis of the hydrolysis of benzyloxycarbonyl (Cbz)-dipeptides by cathepsin A [EC 3.4.12.1] purified from rat liver lysosomes showed that multiple forms of cathepsin A preferentially cleave peptide bonds with leucine, methionine, and phenylalanine. Cbz-Met-Met, -Met-Phe, -Phe-Met, and -Phe-Ala were hydroly... | Studies on cathepsins of rat liver lysosomes. III. Hydrolysis of peptides, and inactivation of angiotensin and bradykinin by cathepsin A. Systematic analysis of the hydrolysis of benzyloxycarbonyl (Cbz)-dipeptides by cathepsin A [EC 3.4.12.1] purified from rat liver lysosomes showed that multiple forms of cathepsin A p... | [
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PMID:13062 | Human adenosine deaminase. Purification and subunit structure. | Human erythrocyte adenosine deaminase has been purified approximately 800,000-fold to apparent homogeneity using antibody affinity chromatography. The enzyme was shown to be a single polypeptide chain with an estimated molecular weight of approximately 38,000. The three electrophoretic forms of erythrocyte adenosine de... | Human adenosine deaminase. Purification and subunit structure. Human erythrocyte adenosine deaminase has been purified approximately 800,000-fold to apparent homogeneity using antibody affinity chromatography. The enzyme was shown to be a single polypeptide chain with an estimated molecular weight of approximately 38,0... | [
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PMID:13063 | The carbon monoxide-binding hemoprotein reducible by hydrogen peroxide in microsomal fractions of pea seeds. | There exist at least two kinds of CO-binding hemoproteins in microsomal fractions of germinating pea (Pisum sativum) seeds. One of them is cytochrome P-450 and the other is also a protoheme protein (judged from its pyridine hemochrome spectrum), which is not hitherto reported. The content of the new hemoprotein is much... | The carbon monoxide-binding hemoprotein reducible by hydrogen peroxide in microsomal fractions of pea seeds. There exist at least two kinds of CO-binding hemoproteins in microsomal fractions of germinating pea (Pisum sativum) seeds. One of them is cytochrome P-450 and the other is also a protoheme protein (judged from ... | [
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PMID:13064 | Purification and properties of 3-keto-5-aminohexanoate cleavage enzyme from a lysine-fermenting Clostridium. | The lysine-fermenting Clostridium SB4 is shown to contain a new type of beta-keto acid-degrading enzyme that converts 3-keto-5-aminohexanoate and acetyl-CoA reversibly to L-3-aminobutyryl-CoA and acetoacetate. Following the development of a sensitive radiochemical assay the enzyme was purified 175-fold to about 90% hom... | Purification and properties of 3-keto-5-aminohexanoate cleavage enzyme from a lysine-fermenting Clostridium. The lysine-fermenting Clostridium SB4 is shown to contain a new type of beta-keto acid-degrading enzyme that converts 3-keto-5-aminohexanoate and acetyl-CoA reversibly to L-3-aminobutyryl-CoA and acetoacetate. F... | [
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PMID:13065 | Mannosyltransferase activity in calf pancreas microsomes. Formation of 14C-labeled lipid-linked oligosaccharides from GDP-D-[14C]mannose and pancreatic dolichyl beta-D-[14C]mannopyranosyl phosphate. | Calf pancreas microsomes incorporated radioactive D-mannose from GDP-D-[14C]mannose into lipid-bound oligosaccharides extracted with chloroform/methanol/water (10/10/2.5, v/v). Several products, which probably differed in the size of the oligosaccharide moiety, were labeled. These could be partially resolved by thin la... | Mannosyltransferase activity in calf pancreas microsomes. Formation of 14C-labeled lipid-linked oligosaccharides from GDP-D-[14C]mannose and pancreatic dolichyl beta-D-[14C]mannopyranosyl phosphate. Calf pancreas microsomes incorporated radioactive D-mannose from GDP-D-[14C]mannose into lipid-bound oligosaccharides ext... | [
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PMID:13066 | Collagen cross-linking. Effect of D-penicillamine on cross-linking in vitro. | D-Pencillamine is believed to inhibit collagen cross-link biosynthesis by forming thiazolidine rings with lysyl-derived aldehydes that are intermediates in bifunctional cross-link synthesis. Recently, we showed that aldehyde biosynthesis catalyzed by lysyl oxidase occurs after the onset of fibril formation and that nas... | Collagen cross-linking. Effect of D-penicillamine on cross-linking in vitro. D-Pencillamine is believed to inhibit collagen cross-link biosynthesis by forming thiazolidine rings with lysyl-derived aldehydes that are intermediates in bifunctional cross-link synthesis. Recently, we showed that aldehyde biosynthesis catal... | [
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PMID:13067 | Lectin purification on affinity columns containing reductively aminated disaccharides. | A method is described for isolating lectins in pure form and quantitative yield in a single step by affinity chromatography on aminoethyl polyacrylamide gels containing reductively aminated disaccharide residues. The affinity columns were prepared in two steps: (a) direct reductive amination of the disaccharide and ami... | Lectin purification on affinity columns containing reductively aminated disaccharides. A method is described for isolating lectins in pure form and quantitative yield in a single step by affinity chromatography on aminoethyl polyacrylamide gels containing reductively aminated disaccharide residues. The affinity columns... | [
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PMID:13068 | pH-dependent conformational states of horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase. | The quenching of liver alcohol dehydrogenase protein fluorescence at alkaline pH indicates two conformational states of the enzyme with a pKa of 9.8+/-0.2, shifted to 10.6+/-0.2 in D2O. NAD+ and 2-p-toluidinonaphthalene-6-sulfonate, a fluorescent probe competitive with coenzyme, bind to the acid conformation of the enz... | pH-dependent conformational states of horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase. The quenching of liver alcohol dehydrogenase protein fluorescence at alkaline pH indicates two conformational states of the enzyme with a pKa of 9.8+/-0.2, shifted to 10.6+/-0.2 in D2O. NAD+ and 2-p-toluidinonaphthalene-6-sulfonate, a fluorescent ... | [
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PMID:13069 | NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase. Circular dichroism and physical studies. | NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase was purified from hepatic microsomes of phenobarbital and hydrocortisone-treated rats by detergent solubilization and column chromatography. This membrane protein contains 31 mol per cent hydrophobic amino acid residues, 6 half-cystine residues, and a single tryptophan residue as determ... | NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase. Circular dichroism and physical studies. NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase was purified from hepatic microsomes of phenobarbital and hydrocortisone-treated rats by detergent solubilization and column chromatography. This membrane protein contains 31 mol per cent hydrophobic amino acid r... | [
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PMID:13070 | Purification and properties of acetyl coenzyme A synthetase from bakers' yeast. | Acetyl-CoA synthetase, utilized in a coupled reaction system, has been shown to be applicable to the spectrophotometric determination of propionic and methylmalonic acids in biological fluids. The isolation of acetyl-CoA synthetase from yeast is simpler than the purification from mammalian sources. This study also pres... | Purification and properties of acetyl coenzyme A synthetase from bakers' yeast. Acetyl-CoA synthetase, utilized in a coupled reaction system, has been shown to be applicable to the spectrophotometric determination of propionic and methylmalonic acids in biological fluids. The isolation of acetyl-CoA synthetase from yea... | [
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PMID:13071 | Purification and properties of a heat-stable glucocerebrosidase activating factor from control and Gaucher spleen. | Gaucher's disease is a lysosomal storage disease caused by a deficiency in the enzyme glucocerebrosidase. A small, heat-stable glycoprotein first obtained from Gaucher spleen (Ho, M. W., and O'Brien, J. S. (1971) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S.A. 68, 2810-2813) has been observed to stimulate the activity of glucocerebrosi... | Purification and properties of a heat-stable glucocerebrosidase activating factor from control and Gaucher spleen. Gaucher's disease is a lysosomal storage disease caused by a deficiency in the enzyme glucocerebrosidase. A small, heat-stable glycoprotein first obtained from Gaucher spleen (Ho, M. W., and O'Brien, J. S.... | [
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PMID:13072 | Multiple low spin forms of the cytochrome c ferrihemochrome. EPR spectra of various eukaryotic and prokaryotic cytochromes c. | 1. Despite the same methionine-sulfur:heme-iron:imidazole-nitrogen hemochrome structure observed by x-ray crystallography in four of the seven c-type eukaryotic and prokaryotic cytochromes examined, and the occurrence of the characteristic 695 nm absorption band correlated with the presence of a methionine-sulfur:heme... | Multiple low spin forms of the cytochrome c ferrihemochrome. EPR spectra of various eukaryotic and prokaryotic cytochromes c. 1. Despite the same methionine-sulfur:heme-iron:imidazole-nitrogen hemochrome structure observed by x-ray crystallography in four of the seven c-type eukaryotic and prokaryotic cytochromes exami... | [
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PMID:13073 | Activation of guanylate cyclase in cerebral cortex of rat by hydroxylamine. | Hydroxylamine actived guanylate cyclase in particulate fraction of cerebral cortex of rat. Activation was most remarkable in crude mitochondrial fraction. When the crude mitochondrial fraction was subjected to osmotic shock and fractionated, guanylate cyclase activity recovered in the subfractions as assayed with hydro... | Activation of guanylate cyclase in cerebral cortex of rat by hydroxylamine. Hydroxylamine actived guanylate cyclase in particulate fraction of cerebral cortex of rat. Activation was most remarkable in crude mitochondrial fraction. When the crude mitochondrial fraction was subjected to osmotic shock and fractionated, gu... | [
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PMID:13074 | Studies on the cyclic 3':5'-AMP-stimulated pig liver protein kinase reaction with pyruvate kinase as substrate. | The phosphorylation of pig liver pyruvate kinase by cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase has been studied. For comparison, mixed histone and a synthetic heptapeptide were also used as substrates. Protein kinase was purified by chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, hydroxyapatite, and Sephadex G-200... | Studies on the cyclic 3':5'-AMP-stimulated pig liver protein kinase reaction with pyruvate kinase as substrate. The phosphorylation of pig liver pyruvate kinase by cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase has been studied. For comparison, mixed histone and a synthetic heptapeptide were also used as... | [
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PMID:13075 | Assay and partial characterization of the solubilized cell surface receptor for immunoglobulin E. | The cell surface component (receptor) which specifically binds immunoglobulin E (IgE) presumably forms an integral part of the functional chain involved in the antigen-induced IgE-mediated degranulation of histamine-containing mast cells and basophils. This paper describes a simple (NH4)2SO4 predipitation assay with wh... | Assay and partial characterization of the solubilized cell surface receptor for immunoglobulin E. The cell surface component (receptor) which specifically binds immunoglobulin E (IgE) presumably forms an integral part of the functional chain involved in the antigen-induced IgE-mediated degranulation of histamine-contai... | [
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PMID:13076 | An energy-conserving pyruvate-to-acetate pathway in Entamoeba histolytica. Pyruvate synthase and a new acetate thiokinase. | Under anaerobic conditions, cells of Entamoeba histolytica grown with bacteria produce H2 and acetate while cells grown axenically produce neither. Aerobically, acetate is produced and O2 is consumed by amebae from either type of cells. Centrifuged extracts, 2.4 x 106 x g x min, from both types of cells contain pyruvat... | An energy-conserving pyruvate-to-acetate pathway in Entamoeba histolytica. Pyruvate synthase and a new acetate thiokinase. Under anaerobic conditions, cells of Entamoeba histolytica grown with bacteria produce H2 and acetate while cells grown axenically produce neither. Aerobically, acetate is produced and O2 is consum... | [
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PMID:13077 | The purification and characterization of rat liver lysosomal alpha-L-fucosidase. | The alpha-L-fucosidase from rat liver lysosomes was purified approximately 27,000-fold (from cytoplasmic extract) by a rapid procedure requiring only 7 h anf providing enzyme in a 20 per cent yield. The procedure is based upon affinity chromatography with agarose-epsilon-aminocaproyl-fucosamine. The isolated enzyme was... | The purification and characterization of rat liver lysosomal alpha-L-fucosidase. The alpha-L-fucosidase from rat liver lysosomes was purified approximately 27,000-fold (from cytoplasmic extract) by a rapid procedure requiring only 7 h anf providing enzyme in a 20 per cent yield. The procedure is based upon affinity chr... | [
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PMID:13078 | Investigation of the subunit interactions in malate dehydrogenase. | The dissociations of porcine heart mitochondrial, bovine heart mitochondrial, and porcine heart cytoplasmic malate dehydrogenase dimers (L-malate: NAD+oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.37) have been examined by Sephadex G-100 gel filtration chromatography and sedimentation velocity ultracentrifugation. The porcine mitochondrial... | Investigation of the subunit interactions in malate dehydrogenase. The dissociations of porcine heart mitochondrial, bovine heart mitochondrial, and porcine heart cytoplasmic malate dehydrogenase dimers (L-malate: NAD+oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.37) have been examined by Sephadex G-100 gel filtration chromatography and se... | [
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PMID:13079 | Tuna cytochrome c at 2.0 A resolution. I. Ferricytochrome structure analysis. | The crystal structure of oxidized cytochrome c from tuna hearts has been solved by x-ray diffraction to a resolution of 2.0 A, using four isomorphous heavy atom derivatives. The crystals, space group P43, have 2 independent cytochrome molecules in the asymmetric repeating unit. No significant difference is seen between... | Tuna cytochrome c at 2.0 A resolution. I. Ferricytochrome structure analysis. The crystal structure of oxidized cytochrome c from tuna hearts has been solved by x-ray diffraction to a resolution of 2.0 A, using four isomorphous heavy atom derivatives. The crystals, space group P43, have 2 independent cytochrome molecul... | [
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PMID:13081 | Some physicochemical properties of plasma membrane vesicles. | The plasma membranes of many animal cells can be disrupted into small sealed vesicles that can be purified centrifugally and utilized for studies on membrane transport. The vesicles behave as micro-osmometers. However, the presence of charges fixed at the internal and external surfaces of the membrane walls produce pH ... | Some physicochemical properties of plasma membrane vesicles. The plasma membranes of many animal cells can be disrupted into small sealed vesicles that can be purified centrifugally and utilized for studies on membrane transport. The vesicles behave as micro-osmometers. However, the presence of charges fixed at the int... | [
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PMID:13082 | A novel mechanism for group translocation: substrate-product reutilization by gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in peptide and amino acid transport. | Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP) is suggested to act as a carrier in the group translocation of oligopeptides and possibly some amino acids across cellular membranes. It is proposed that the process may involve the repetitive transfer of gamma-glutamyl groups to acceptor peptides which are being translocated f... | A novel mechanism for group translocation: substrate-product reutilization by gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in peptide and amino acid transport. Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP) is suggested to act as a carrier in the group translocation of oligopeptides and possibly some amino acids across cellular membranes.... | [
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PMID:13084 | The separation of nonapeptides by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. | The separation properties of five nonapeptides on commercial reversed-phase materials have been investigated and the effects of pH, salt concentration and solvent composition have been studied. With appropriate variation of the pH and salt concentration in the mobile phase, it is possible to resolve all of the peptides... | The separation of nonapeptides by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The separation properties of five nonapeptides on commercial reversed-phase materials have been investigated and the effects of pH, salt concentration and solvent composition have been studied. With appropriate variation of the pH ... | [
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PMID:13085 | Effect of sulfonylureas on triglyceride metabolism in the rat liver: possible role of the lysosomes in hepatic lipolysis. | It has been suggested previously that chlorpropamide and other hypoglycemic sulfonylureas interfere with hepatic triglyceride breakdown. Since ketogenesis from endogenous hepatic lipid stores is a measure of hepatic triglyceride hydrolysis, ketogenesis derived from endogenous lipids as well as ketogenesis derived from ... | Effect of sulfonylureas on triglyceride metabolism in the rat liver: possible role of the lysosomes in hepatic lipolysis. It has been suggested previously that chlorpropamide and other hypoglycemic sulfonylureas interfere with hepatic triglyceride breakdown. Since ketogenesis from endogenous hepatic lipid stores is a m... | [
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PMID:13086 | Ectopic beta-adrenergic receptor binding sites. possible molecular basis of aberrant catecholamine responsiveness of an adrenocortical tumor adenylate cyclase. | The molecular basis for the aberrant catecholamine responsiveness of the adenylate cyclase of adrenocortical carcinoma 494 was explored. The adenylate cyclase of this corticosteroid-producing, transplanted, adrenal cancer of the rat was stimulated not only by adrenocorticotropic hormone and fluoride, but also by the be... | Ectopic beta-adrenergic receptor binding sites. possible molecular basis of aberrant catecholamine responsiveness of an adrenocortical tumor adenylate cyclase. The molecular basis for the aberrant catecholamine responsiveness of the adenylate cyclase of adrenocortical carcinoma 494 was explored. The adenylate cyclase o... | [
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PMID:13087 | Patients' expectancies and hospital outcome. | Although it is widely held that patients' expectancies for therapeutic gain are related causally to treatment outcome, a recent review of expectancy research found scant evidence for the hypothesized expectancy-outcome relationship. Supportive findings were reported only in studies with serious methodological weaknesse... | Patients' expectancies and hospital outcome. Although it is widely held that patients' expectancies for therapeutic gain are related causally to treatment outcome, a recent review of expectancy research found scant evidence for the hypothesized expectancy-outcome relationship. Supportive findings were reported only in ... | [
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PMID:13088 | Alpha wave biofeedback training therapy in alcoholics. | This investigation evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of alpha-wave biofeedback treatment for alcoholics. Twenty-five Ss were compared to a matched control group before and after administration of a 3-week alpha-wave biofeedback regimen on a wide variety of criteria that included State-Trait Anxiety, the MMPI, Multiple... | Alpha wave biofeedback training therapy in alcoholics. This investigation evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of alpha-wave biofeedback treatment for alcoholics. Twenty-five Ss were compared to a matched control group before and after administration of a 3-week alpha-wave biofeedback regimen on a wide variety of criteri... | [
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PMID:13089 | Steady-state bioavailability of two clorazepate dipotassium dosage forms. | A specially designed tablet dosage form of the benzodiazepine clorazepate dipotassium (Tranxene) was developed for once-a-day administration. The drug was administered at a dose of 22.5 mg as (1) the tablet, (2) three 7.5 mg capsules, or (3) one 7.5-mg capsule given every 6 hours. Peak serum levels from the tablet were... | Steady-state bioavailability of two clorazepate dipotassium dosage forms. A specially designed tablet dosage form of the benzodiazepine clorazepate dipotassium (Tranxene) was developed for once-a-day administration. The drug was administered at a dose of 22.5 mg as (1) the tablet, (2) three 7.5 mg capsules, or (3) one ... | [
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PMID:13090 | A double-blind evaluation of the nocturnal antisecretory effects of anisotropine methylbromide in man. Dose response and duration of action studies. | The effects of graded doses of anisotropine methylbromide on nocturanl gastric secretion were investigated in a double-blind crossover study in man. Single doses considerably higher than those usually employed for daytime use in adjunctive therapy of peptic ulcer disease significantly reduced acid secretion without sig... | A double-blind evaluation of the nocturnal antisecretory effects of anisotropine methylbromide in man. Dose response and duration of action studies. The effects of graded doses of anisotropine methylbromide on nocturanl gastric secretion were investigated in a double-blind crossover study in man. Single doses considera... | [
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PMID:13093 | The use of behavior modification techniques to successfully manage the child dental patient. | Techniques of desensitization, modeling, and contingency management that can be used in the dental office for reducing anxiety and encouraging appropriate behavior in children are discussed. The "tell, show and do" approach is one desensitization technique easily applied in the private practice. Language should be at t... | The use of behavior modification techniques to successfully manage the child dental patient. Techniques of desensitization, modeling, and contingency management that can be used in the dental office for reducing anxiety and encouraging appropriate behavior in children are discussed. The "tell, show and do" approach is ... | [
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PMID:13094 | Bronchodilating activity of an H1 blocker, chlorpheniramine. | The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that chlorpheniramine (CP), and H1 blocker, can cause bronchodilatation if administered intravenously (iv) and in higher doses than those currently prescribed. In 10 subjects with allergic asthma, forced expiratory flows (FEF) were recorded on different days, at comp... | Bronchodilating activity of an H1 blocker, chlorpheniramine. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that chlorpheniramine (CP), and H1 blocker, can cause bronchodilatation if administered intravenously (iv) and in higher doses than those currently prescribed. In 10 subjects with allergic asthma, forced ex... | [
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PMID:13122 | In situ localization of galactosyltransferase in surface mucous cells of the rat stomach. | Cryostate sections of the rat stomach fundus were incubated in the presence of uridine 5'-diphosphate-[3H]-galactose. The radioactivity in the surface mucous epithelial cells was shown by autoradiography to be specifically incorporated into a supranuclear area, the area where in these cells the Glogi system is situated... | In situ localization of galactosyltransferase in surface mucous cells of the rat stomach. Cryostate sections of the rat stomach fundus were incubated in the presence of uridine 5'-diphosphate-[3H]-galactose. The radioactivity in the surface mucous epithelial cells was shown by autoradiography to be specifically incorpo... | [
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PMID:13123 | Neutralization kinetics studies with type SAT2 foot-and-mouth disease virus strains. 1. Factors that influence the rate and pattern of neutralization. | A study of the kinetics of inactivation of foot-and-mouth disease virus type SAT 2 strains revealed that in most cases the rate of neutralization was not rectilinear. Deviations from first-order kinetics observed represented biphasic or parabolic and stepwise reactions. The initial rate was rapid and showed no lag phas... | Neutralization kinetics studies with type SAT2 foot-and-mouth disease virus strains. 1. Factors that influence the rate and pattern of neutralization. A study of the kinetics of inactivation of foot-and-mouth disease virus type SAT 2 strains revealed that in most cases the rate of neutralization was not rectilinear. De... | [
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PMID:13124 | Interaction of erythrocytes with human serum proteins. I. Analysis of the effect of pH and ionic strength of the medium. | The effect of ionic parameters of the medium (pH and ionic strength) on the processes of interaction of tannin-treated erythrocytes and the protein fractions of human serum (macroglobulins, microglobulins and albumin) was studied in factorial experiments. Complex effect of these parametres on the processes under invest... | Interaction of erythrocytes with human serum proteins. I. Analysis of the effect of pH and ionic strength of the medium. The effect of ionic parameters of the medium (pH and ionic strength) on the processes of interaction of tannin-treated erythrocytes and the protein fractions of human serum (macroglobulins, microglob... | [
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PMID:13125 | Immunofluorescence using dichlorotriazinylaminofluorescein (DTAF). I. Preparation and fractionation of labelled IgG. | Dichlorotriazinylaminofluorescein (DTAF), the product of the reaction of aminofluorescein with cyanuric chloride, is an effective reagent for conjugating fluorescein to immunnoglobulins. DTAF has absorption and emission properties nearly identical to fluoresceinisothiocyanate (FITC) and DTAF and FITC-labelled antibodie... | Immunofluorescence using dichlorotriazinylaminofluorescein (DTAF). I. Preparation and fractionation of labelled IgG. Dichlorotriazinylaminofluorescein (DTAF), the product of the reaction of aminofluorescein with cyanuric chloride, is an effective reagent for conjugating fluorescein to immunnoglobulins. DTAF has absorpt... | [
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PMID:13126 | Isolation of anti-haemagglutinin antibodies with an influenza A virus immunoadsorbent. | The X-31 strain of influenza A (H3N2) virus has been covalently bound to CNBr activated agarose for the separation of anti-haemagglutinin antibodies. The virus immunoadsorbent was used repeatedly under high ionic strength alkali buffer and acid conditions without altering appreciably its antibody binding capacity. Sequ... | Isolation of anti-haemagglutinin antibodies with an influenza A virus immunoadsorbent. The X-31 strain of influenza A (H3N2) virus has been covalently bound to CNBr activated agarose for the separation of anti-haemagglutinin antibodies. The virus immunoadsorbent was used repeatedly under high ionic strength alkali buff... | [
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PMID:13127 | The use of early embryo aggregation derived chimaeras. I. To study immunological tolerance. | Early embryo aggregation mouse chimaeras have proven an invaluable tool to study mechanisms involved in tolerance. Such chimaeras are most commonly derived following the aggregation of two undifferentiated embryos and therefore not suprisingly they were originally considered examples of classic immunological tolerance.... | The use of early embryo aggregation derived chimaeras. I. To study immunological tolerance. Early embryo aggregation mouse chimaeras have proven an invaluable tool to study mechanisms involved in tolerance. Such chimaeras are most commonly derived following the aggregation of two undifferentiated embryos and therefore ... | [
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PMID:13129 | Effects of prolonged continuous exposure of human skin to water: a reassessment. | Continuous exposure of human skin to water in small plastic cups for periods of 72 and 144 hr produced a mild, transient dermatitis in half the sites tested. The degree of dermatitis was only slightly greater at 144 than at 72 hr, and was unrelated to the pH of the water samples. Comparison of soap-pretreated to non-pr... | Effects of prolonged continuous exposure of human skin to water: a reassessment. Continuous exposure of human skin to water in small plastic cups for periods of 72 and 144 hr produced a mild, transient dermatitis in half the sites tested. The degree of dermatitis was only slightly greater at 144 than at 72 hr, and was ... | [
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PMID:13131 | Simple assay for glycerophospholipid hydrolase activity of postheparin plasma. | An assay using radioactive substrates is described that permits rapid determinations of glycerophospholipid-hydrolyzing activity in postheparin plasma or its fractions. Optimal conditions are described for hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine. A minimum of only 2 mul of normal postheparin plas... | Simple assay for glycerophospholipid hydrolase activity of postheparin plasma. An assay using radioactive substrates is described that permits rapid determinations of glycerophospholipid-hydrolyzing activity in postheparin plasma or its fractions. Optimal conditions are described for hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine a... | [
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PMID:13132 | Assay for the terminal enzyme of the stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase system using chick embryo liver microsomes. | The NADH-dependent stearoyl CoA desaturase of hepatic microsomes (EC 1.14.99.5) is an enzyme system consisting of cytochrome b5 reductase (EC 1.6.2.2), cytochrome b5, and the terminal desaturase. We have developed a simple method for routine assay of the terminal enzyme based on complementation of the enzyme with chick... | Assay for the terminal enzyme of the stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase system using chick embryo liver microsomes. The NADH-dependent stearoyl CoA desaturase of hepatic microsomes (EC 1.14.99.5) is an enzyme system consisting of cytochrome b5 reductase (EC 1.6.2.2), cytochrome b5, and the terminal desaturase. We have deve... | [
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PMID:13133 | Alterations of prostaglandin E2-9-ketoreductase activity in proliferating skin. | The activity of an NADPH-dependent PGE2-9-ketoreductase has been demonstrated in rat and human skin. This activity is localized in the high speed supernatant fraction, indicating the presence of an active PGE2-9-ketoreductase associated with the cytoplasmic fraction of the skin. Transformation of PGE2 into PGF2alpha is... | Alterations of prostaglandin E2-9-ketoreductase activity in proliferating skin. The activity of an NADPH-dependent PGE2-9-ketoreductase has been demonstrated in rat and human skin. This activity is localized in the high speed supernatant fraction, indicating the presence of an active PGE2-9-ketoreductase associated wit... | [
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PMID:13134 | Cholic acid biosynthesis: conversion of 5beta-cholestane-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,25-tetrol into 5beta-cholestane-3alpha,7alpha, 12alpha,24beta,25-pentol by human and rat liver microsomes. | This paper describes the conversion of 5beta-cholestane-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,25-tetrol into 5beta-cholestane-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,24beta,25-pentol by liver microsomes. A sensitive radioactive assay for measuring the formation of 5beta-cholestane-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,24beta,25-pentol was developed. Optimal assay cond... | Cholic acid biosynthesis: conversion of 5beta-cholestane-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,25-tetrol into 5beta-cholestane-3alpha,7alpha, 12alpha,24beta,25-pentol by human and rat liver microsomes. This paper describes the conversion of 5beta-cholestane-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,25-tetrol into 5beta-cholestane-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,24... | [
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PMID:13135 | Analysis of rat serum apolipoproteins by isoelectric focusing. II. Studies on the low molecular weight subunits. | The low molecular weight proteins of rat apo HDL and apo VLDL have been isolated and analyzed by the technique of isoelectric focusing. Sephadex fractions from apo HDL (HS-3) and apo VLDL (VS-3) that contain these proteins reveal three major bands with apparent isoelectric points of pH 4.50, 4.67, and 4.74, as well as ... | Analysis of rat serum apolipoproteins by isoelectric focusing. II. Studies on the low molecular weight subunits. The low molecular weight proteins of rat apo HDL and apo VLDL have been isolated and analyzed by the technique of isoelectric focusing. Sephadex fractions from apo HDL (HS-3) and apo VLDL (VS-3) that contain... | [
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PMID:13136 | Lathyritic activity of isoniazid. | Although isoniazid is mainly known and used for its antituberculous properties, it is also a lathyrogenic agent. This paper presents data confirming the lathyritic activity of isoniazid in vitro and in vivo and suggests that its action on connective tissue may be partly responsible for its therapeutic effectiveness. | Lathyritic activity of isoniazid. Although isoniazid is mainly known and used for its antituberculous properties, it is also a lathyrogenic agent. This paper presents data confirming the lathyritic activity of isoniazid in vitro and in vivo and suggests that its action on connective tissue may be partly responsible for... | [
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PMID:13137 | Human placental alcohol dehydrogenase. | Alcohol dehydrogenase derived from the term human placenta was investigated in the 104,000xg supernatant fraction. Kinetic experiments yielded an average Vmax of 6.1 units, a Km of 5X10(-3)M and optimum activity at pH 10.0. Electrophoresis at pH 9.6 in glycine buffer showed four bands, however only two bands were obse... | Human placental alcohol dehydrogenase. Alcohol dehydrogenase derived from the term human placenta was investigated in the 104,000xg supernatant fraction. Kinetic experiments yielded an average Vmax of 6.1 units, a Km of 5X10(-3)M and optimum activity at pH 10.0. Electrophoresis at pH 9.6 in glycine buffer showed four ... | [
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PMID:13138 | [Excretion of erythropoietin by humans during the production of alkaline or acidic urine (author's transl)]. | Marver & Gurney ((1968)Ann.N.Y.Acad.Sci. 149, 570-575) reported that the erythropoietin excretion in two anaemic patients increased 17 and 3.5-fold, respectively, during the production of alkaline urine by the administration of NaHCO3. We have studied the excretion of erythropoietin in 6 persons, following the dail... | [Excretion of erythropoietin by humans during the production of alkaline or acidic urine (author's transl)]. Marver & Gurney ((1968)Ann.N.Y.Acad.Sci. 149, 570-575) reported that the erythropoietin excretion in two anaemic patients increased 17 and 3.5-fold, respectively, during the production of alkaline urine by t... | [
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PMID:13139 | [Activation of acid prostate phosphatase by 1-pentanol (author's transl)]. | The activity of the acid phosphatase from prostate was increased by 90% by the addition of 150 mmol/l 1-pentanol to the assay mixture. This activation results in an increased turnover of substrate, so that the phosphomonoester is cleaved more rapidly and a correspondingly larger amount of the release organic residue ca... | [Activation of acid prostate phosphatase by 1-pentanol (author's transl)]. The activity of the acid phosphatase from prostate was increased by 90% by the addition of 150 mmol/l 1-pentanol to the assay mixture. This activation results in an increased turnover of substrate, so that the phosphomonoester is cleaved more ra... | [
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PMID:13140 | [The electrophoretic pattern of gamma-glutamyl transferase in serum and its alteration by chylomicrons (author's transl)]. | Using the sera from 20 patients with elevated gamma-glutamyl transferase activity (EC 2.3.2.2) due to intra- or posthepatic cholestasis, the enzyme was separated into four bands by cellulose acetate foil electrophoresis. The gamma-glutamyl transferase pattern permitted no differentiation between intra- or posthepatic c... | [The electrophoretic pattern of gamma-glutamyl transferase in serum and its alteration by chylomicrons (author's transl)]. Using the sera from 20 patients with elevated gamma-glutamyl transferase activity (EC 2.3.2.2) due to intra- or posthepatic cholestasis, the enzyme was separated into four bands by cellulose acetat... | [
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PMID:13142 | Rhodanese from Thiobacillus A2: catalysis of reactions of thiosulphate with dihydrolipoate and dihydrolipoamide. | Rhodanese (thiosulphate:cyanide sulphurtransferase EC.2.8.1.1) was purified 25- to 30-fold from thiosulphate-grown Thiobacillus A2. It exhibited a pH optimum between pH 10-2 and 10-4 and apparent Km values of 0-36 mM-Na2S2O3 and 17 mM-KCN. Ultraviolet spectrophotometry and thin-layer chromatography showed that the enzy... | Rhodanese from Thiobacillus A2: catalysis of reactions of thiosulphate with dihydrolipoate and dihydrolipoamide. Rhodanese (thiosulphate:cyanide sulphurtransferase EC.2.8.1.1) was purified 25- to 30-fold from thiosulphate-grown Thiobacillus A2. It exhibited a pH optimum between pH 10-2 and 10-4 and apparent Km values o... | [
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PMID:13144 | An alginate lysate from Azotobacter vinelandii phage. | The alginate depolymerase associated with bacteriophage infection of Azotobacter vinelandii has been used in the analysis of sodium alginate. The enzyme degraded the polysaccharide to a series of oligouronides each containing a terminal 4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl residue. Analysis of these oligouron... | An alginate lysate from Azotobacter vinelandii phage. The alginate depolymerase associated with bacteriophage infection of Azotobacter vinelandii has been used in the analysis of sodium alginate. The enzyme degraded the polysaccharide to a series of oligouronides each containing a terminal 4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4... | [
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PMID:13143 | Regulation of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate metabolism in Azotobacter beijerinckii grown under nitrogen or oxygen limitation. | Azotobacter beijerinckii was grown in ammonia-free glucose/mineral salts media in chemostat culture under oxygen or nitrogen limitation. Selected enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate metabolism were monitored in relation to oxygen supply for both steady and transition states. Two dissol... | Regulation of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate metabolism in Azotobacter beijerinckii grown under nitrogen or oxygen limitation. Azotobacter beijerinckii was grown in ammonia-free glucose/mineral salts media in chemostat culture under oxygen or nitrogen limitation. Selected enzymes of the tric... | [
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PMID:13147 | Growth of Spirillum lipoferum at constant partial pressures of oxygen, and the properties of its nitrogenase in cell-free extracts. | Spirillum lipoferum, an N2-fixing organism, was grown at constant concentrations of dissolved O2. When supplied with NH4+ aerobically, its doubling time was 1 h; when it fixed N2 microaerophilically, its doubling time was 5-5 to 7 h and the optimal PO2 for growth was 0-005 to 0-007 atm. At its optimal PO2 for growth on... | Growth of Spirillum lipoferum at constant partial pressures of oxygen, and the properties of its nitrogenase in cell-free extracts. Spirillum lipoferum, an N2-fixing organism, was grown at constant concentrations of dissolved O2. When supplied with NH4+ aerobically, its doubling time was 1 h; when it fixed N2 microaero... | [
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PMID:13148 | Adenylate energy charge during batch culture of Beneckea natriegens. | The value of the adenylate energy charge, i.e. ([ATP] + 1/2[ADP])/([ATP] + [ADP] + [AMP]), during batch culture of Beneckea natriegens remained relatively constant during the exponential and early stationary phases of the growth cycle. During exponential growth the intracellular ATP content remained constant, the amoun... | Adenylate energy charge during batch culture of Beneckea natriegens. The value of the adenylate energy charge, i.e. ([ATP] + 1/2[ADP])/([ATP] + [ADP] + [AMP]), during batch culture of Beneckea natriegens remained relatively constant during the exponential and early stationary phases of the growth cycle. During exponent... | [
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PMID:13149 | Agoraphobia: indications for the application of the multimodal behavioral conceptualization. | Agoraphobia, characterized as fear of going into public places, vehicles, shops, streets, and so forth, is a prevalent syndrome which permeates the patient's life. The efficacy of psychoanalytic, behavioral, and pharmacological treatments has been disappointing. The pervasive nature of agoraphobia dictates that its tre... | Agoraphobia: indications for the application of the multimodal behavioral conceptualization. Agoraphobia, characterized as fear of going into public places, vehicles, shops, streets, and so forth, is a prevalent syndrome which permeates the patient's life. The efficacy of psychoanalytic, behavioral, and pharmacological... | [
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PMID:13160 | Homosynaptic depression and transmitter turnover in spinal monosynaptic pathway. | 1. The transmission in the spinal monosynaptic pathway was studied during repetitive stimulation of a motor nerve by 10 stimuli at 2, 5, or 10 Hz in spinal cats. Initially, the amplitudes of the monosynaptic responses rapidly declined, reaching a plateau after a few stimuli. The level of the plateau was inversely relat... | Homosynaptic depression and transmitter turnover in spinal monosynaptic pathway. 1. The transmission in the spinal monosynaptic pathway was studied during repetitive stimulation of a motor nerve by 10 stimuli at 2, 5, or 10 Hz in spinal cats. Initially, the amplitudes of the monosynaptic responses rapidly declined, rea... | [
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PMID:13161 | A quantitative study of leukocyte cohesion: effects of divalent cations and pH. | Leukocyte cell-to-cell adhesion was studied with a cell monolayer technique. The amount of protein retained on the coverslip reflected the number of adhering cells. When polymorphonuclear leukocytes were suspended in a balanced salt solution at neutral pH containing no bivalent cations, they adhered to the glass surfac... | A quantitative study of leukocyte cohesion: effects of divalent cations and pH. Leukocyte cell-to-cell adhesion was studied with a cell monolayer technique. The amount of protein retained on the coverslip reflected the number of adhering cells. When polymorphonuclear leukocytes were suspended in a balanced salt solutio... | [
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PMID:13163 | Contract systems and grading policies. | The contract system can be a motivating factor to student learning. Caution is necessary to ensure the students who are graduating from the program have the knowledge base to pass the SBTPE. The faculty of one program believe their contract system which has evolved from five years of experience meets these criteria. Fu... | Contract systems and grading policies. The contract system can be a motivating factor to student learning. Caution is necessary to ensure the students who are graduating from the program have the knowledge base to pass the SBTPE. The faculty of one program believe their contract system which has evolved from five years... | [
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PMID:13159 | Cyanide intoxication in Macaca mulatta. Physiological and neuropathological aspects. | Sodium cyanide was infused intravenously in 11 lightly anaesthetised and spontaneously breathing M. mulatta. In most, the EEG, ECG, respiratory rate, blood pressure, cerebral venous sinus pressure, end-tidal pCO2 and body temperature were recorded. Blood gases, pH, lactate and pyruvate were estimated in arterial and ve... | Cyanide intoxication in Macaca mulatta. Physiological and neuropathological aspects. Sodium cyanide was infused intravenously in 11 lightly anaesthetised and spontaneously breathing M. mulatta. In most, the EEG, ECG, respiratory rate, blood pressure, cerebral venous sinus pressure, end-tidal pCO2 and body temperature w... | [
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PMID:13166 | Effect of dietary pH on amino acid utilization and the lysine requirement of fingerling channel catfish. | The pH of amino acid test diets has been shown to be of major importance in dietary amino acid studies in the channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Maximum growth rate and feed conversion was observed when the test diet was adjusted to pH 7. Growth studies, utilizing a 24% crude protein diet containing an amino acid p... | Effect of dietary pH on amino acid utilization and the lysine requirement of fingerling channel catfish. The pH of amino acid test diets has been shown to be of major importance in dietary amino acid studies in the channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Maximum growth rate and feed conversion was observed when the test... | [
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PMID:13167 | Rat liver glutathione: possible role as a reservoir of cysteine. | Rat liver contains a high concentration (7-8mM) of reduced glutathione and its level changes rapidly when starving or feeding rats. We concluded that one of the functions of liver glutathione was to act as a reservoir of cysteine. When starved rats were fed a protein-free diet, the increase in liver glutathione was dep... | Rat liver glutathione: possible role as a reservoir of cysteine. Rat liver contains a high concentration (7-8mM) of reduced glutathione and its level changes rapidly when starving or feeding rats. We concluded that one of the functions of liver glutathione was to act as a reservoir of cysteine. When starved rats were f... | [
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PMID:13168 | Fatty acid synthesis in testes of fat-deficient and fat-supplemented rats. | Fatty acid synthesis was studied in testes of rats fed a fat-free or fat-supplemented diet. Testes of fat-deficient rats incorporated nearly twice as much intratesticularly injected [1-14C]acetate into total fatty acids (primarily into palmitic acid) as did supplemented rats. To determine the mechanism for the increase... | Fatty acid synthesis in testes of fat-deficient and fat-supplemented rats. Fatty acid synthesis was studied in testes of rats fed a fat-free or fat-supplemented diet. Testes of fat-deficient rats incorporated nearly twice as much intratesticularly injected [1-14C]acetate into total fatty acids (primarily into palmitic ... | [
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PMID:13169 | Induction of pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzymes in vitamin B-6 deficient rats. | The effectiveness of dietary and hormonal treatments in inducing several pyridoxal phosphate-(PLP)-dependent enzymes has been examined in vitamin B-6 deficient rats. Holo- and apoenzymes of serine dehydratase and ornithine aminotransferase were inducible in both control and deficient rats by feeding them 80% casein die... | Induction of pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzymes in vitamin B-6 deficient rats. The effectiveness of dietary and hormonal treatments in inducing several pyridoxal phosphate-(PLP)-dependent enzymes has been examined in vitamin B-6 deficient rats. Holo- and apoenzymes of serine dehydratase and ornithine aminotransferas... | [
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PMID:13170 | Effect of cholesterol feeding on tissue lipid perioxidation, glutathione peroxidase activity and liver microsomal functions in rats and guinea pigs. | The effect of cholesterol feeding on liver and aortic nonenzymatic lipid peroxidation and glutathione peroxidase activities, and on liver microsomal NADPH-dependent lipid peroxidation, codeine hydroxylation and cytochrome P-450 levels was examined in rats and guinea pigs. One percent cholesterol was added to a casein-s... | Effect of cholesterol feeding on tissue lipid perioxidation, glutathione peroxidase activity and liver microsomal functions in rats and guinea pigs. The effect of cholesterol feeding on liver and aortic nonenzymatic lipid peroxidation and glutathione peroxidase activities, and on liver microsomal NADPH-dependent lipid ... | [
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PMID:13171 | Role of ascorbic acid on tyrosine hydroxylase activity in the adrenal gland of guinea pig. | The decrease of tyrosine hydroxylase activity in adrenal homogenate in scurvy was recovered after the administration of ascorbic acid. The causes of the increase in the enzyme activity after the administration of ascorbic acid have been studied. 1. No significant elevation in the enzyme activity was observed after the ... | Role of ascorbic acid on tyrosine hydroxylase activity in the adrenal gland of guinea pig. The decrease of tyrosine hydroxylase activity in adrenal homogenate in scurvy was recovered after the administration of ascorbic acid. The causes of the increase in the enzyme activity after the administration of ascorbic acid ha... | [
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PMID:13172 | The effect of C.P.A.P. upon pulmonary reserve and cardiac output under increased abdominal pressure. | The cardiopulmonary effects of CPAP under conditions of increased intra-abdominal pressure were studied using the rabbit as an experimental model. Central venous pressure and cardiac output were reduced when the intra-abdominal pressure was increased. Addition of CPAP caused a further reduction in C.V.P. and C.O. Despi... | The effect of C.P.A.P. upon pulmonary reserve and cardiac output under increased abdominal pressure. The cardiopulmonary effects of CPAP under conditions of increased intra-abdominal pressure were studied using the rabbit as an experimental model. Central venous pressure and cardiac output were reduced when the intra-a... | [
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PMID:13173 | Oral factitious injuries. | The subject of oral factitious injuries is reviewed and four cases are reported. It is noted that self-inflicted oral injuries are not limited to the soft tissue but may result in destruction of bone and tooth structure. While children are more often the subjects of self-injurious behavior about the oral cavity, adults... | Oral factitious injuries. The subject of oral factitious injuries is reviewed and four cases are reported. It is noted that self-inflicted oral injuries are not limited to the soft tissue but may result in destruction of bone and tooth structure. While children are more often the subjects of self-injurious behavior abo... | [
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PMID:13174 | Acute anti-inflammatory effects of aspirin and dexamethasone in rats deprived of endogenous prostaglandin precursors. | Paw oedema, induced by carrageenan, was potentiated in normal rats by arachidonic acid and bishomo-gamma-linoleic acid, but not by 5,8,11-eicosatrienoic acid. The latter is not an endogenous prostaglandin precursor, but replaces the other two in essential fatty acid deficient (EFAD) rats. Carrageenan oedema was partial... | Acute anti-inflammatory effects of aspirin and dexamethasone in rats deprived of endogenous prostaglandin precursors. Paw oedema, induced by carrageenan, was potentiated in normal rats by arachidonic acid and bishomo-gamma-linoleic acid, but not by 5,8,11-eicosatrienoic acid. The latter is not an endogenous prostagland... | [
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PMID:13175 | Dihydroxylated metabolites of cannabinol formed by rat liver in vitro. | Cannabinol (CBN) was metabolized in vitro by a 10,000 g supernatant from rat liver. After removal of unchanged CBN and its monohydroxylated metabolites four dihydroxylated metabolites were isolated. By nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry the compounds were identified as 1'',7-dihydroxy-CBN. Side chain hydr... | Dihydroxylated metabolites of cannabinol formed by rat liver in vitro. Cannabinol (CBN) was metabolized in vitro by a 10,000 g supernatant from rat liver. After removal of unchanged CBN and its monohydroxylated metabolites four dihydroxylated metabolites were isolated. By nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometr... | [
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PMID:13176 | Oxidation of aliphatic hydroxylamines in aqueous solutions. | The effects of pH, buffer constituents, duration of storage, presence of air, heavy metal ions, extracting solvents and various additives and cofactors on the aerial oxidation of some aliphatic primary and secondary hydroxylamines were investigated. Copper ions were particularly effective catalysts of the oxidation rea... | Oxidation of aliphatic hydroxylamines in aqueous solutions. The effects of pH, buffer constituents, duration of storage, presence of air, heavy metal ions, extracting solvents and various additives and cofactors on the aerial oxidation of some aliphatic primary and secondary hydroxylamines were investigated. Copper ion... | [
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PMID:13177 | Black lipid membranes as a model for intestinal absorption of drugs. | Black lipid membranes were generated in isotonic buffer (pH 4-5 and pH 6-5) from egg phosphatidylcholine and intestinal lipid, and the permeability to salicylamide, salicylic acid, p-aminobenzoic acid and tryptophan of these membranes was studied. Electrical resistance of intestinal lipid membranes was higher than that... | Black lipid membranes as a model for intestinal absorption of drugs. Black lipid membranes were generated in isotonic buffer (pH 4-5 and pH 6-5) from egg phosphatidylcholine and intestinal lipid, and the permeability to salicylamide, salicylic acid, p-aminobenzoic acid and tryptophan of these membranes was studied. Ele... | [
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PMID:13178 | Hydrolysis of digoxin by acid. | Predictable hydrolysis of [3H]digoxin-12alpha occurred in vitro with incubation in HCl or gastric juice. Hydrolysis varied with pH, time, temperature and agitation. Digoxin, the bis- and mono-digitoxosides of digoxigenin and digoxigenin were separated by silica gel thin-layer chromatography using chloroform-ethyl aceta... | Hydrolysis of digoxin by acid. Predictable hydrolysis of [3H]digoxin-12alpha occurred in vitro with incubation in HCl or gastric juice. Hydrolysis varied with pH, time, temperature and agitation. Digoxin, the bis- and mono-digitoxosides of digoxigenin and digoxigenin were separated by silica gel thin-layer chromatograp... | [
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PMID:13179 | The effect of compression on some physical properties of microcrystalline cellulose powders. | Tablets have been prepared from previously characterized microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel) powders, using an instrumented single station tablet machine. The regenerated particle size was found to increase in compaction pressure. Compaction caused a slight initial decrease in B.E.T. surface area, followed by an increa... | The effect of compression on some physical properties of microcrystalline cellulose powders. Tablets have been prepared from previously characterized microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel) powders, using an instrumented single station tablet machine. The regenerated particle size was found to increase in compaction pressu... | [
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PMID:13180 | The action of colloidal silicon dioxide as a glidant for lactose, paracetamol, oxytetracycline and their mixtures. | Anomalies are observed in some of the physical and mechanical properties of mixtures of lactose, paracetamol and oxytetracycline when small amounts of colloidal silicon dioxide are added to them. Owing to its differing propensities to coat the particles of the host powders, the silicon dioxide acts as a glidant for the... | The action of colloidal silicon dioxide as a glidant for lactose, paracetamol, oxytetracycline and their mixtures. Anomalies are observed in some of the physical and mechanical properties of mixtures of lactose, paracetamol and oxytetracycline when small amounts of colloidal silicon dioxide are added to them. Owing to ... | [
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PMID:13193 | Brain areas involved in the catecholamine mediated regulation of electroshock seizure intensity. | Selective treatments which alter the catecholamine content of discrete areas of the brain were tested for their effect on electroshock seizure intensity in the rat. The data indicate that depletion of noradrenaline and dopamine in near ventricular areas by the intracerebroventricular administration of the benzoquinoliz... | Brain areas involved in the catecholamine mediated regulation of electroshock seizure intensity. Selective treatments which alter the catecholamine content of discrete areas of the brain were tested for their effect on electroshock seizure intensity in the rat. The data indicate that depletion of noradrenaline and dopa... | [
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PMID:13196 | Simultaneous determination of 4-nitroanisole, 4-nitrophenol, and 4-nitrocatechol by phase-sensitive ac polarography. | Phase-sensitive ac polarography was applied to the simultaneous quantitative determination of 4-nitroanisole, 4-nitrophenol, and 4-nitrocatechol in alkaline solutions. Certain experimental precautions are necessary to determine each compound in the presence of the other two. Thus, 4-nitrocatechol is determined indirect... | Simultaneous determination of 4-nitroanisole, 4-nitrophenol, and 4-nitrocatechol by phase-sensitive ac polarography. Phase-sensitive ac polarography was applied to the simultaneous quantitative determination of 4-nitroanisole, 4-nitrophenol, and 4-nitrocatechol in alkaline solutions. Certain experimental precautions ar... | [
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PMID:13197 | Kinetics of hydrolysis of fenclorac. | The kinetics of hydrolysis of fenclorac were studied to determine its stability in aqueous solution at different pH's and temperatures. For this study, a stability-specific liquid chromatographic assay method was developed to separate fenclorac from its hydrolysis product, alpha-hydroxy-3-chloro-4-cyclohexylbenzeneacet... | Kinetics of hydrolysis of fenclorac. The kinetics of hydrolysis of fenclorac were studied to determine its stability in aqueous solution at different pH's and temperatures. For this study, a stability-specific liquid chromatographic assay method was developed to separate fenclorac from its hydrolysis product, alpha-hyd... | [
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... |
PMID:13198 | The interaction of histamine and guanylnucleotides with cardiac adenylate cyclase and its relationship to cardiac contractility. | Histamine stimulates adenylate cyclase activity in a washed membrane preparation from guinea-pig ventricle. Marked synergistic effects are observed with histamine and GTP. In the absence of GTP, the degree of stimulation of the enzyme by histamine is slight and occurs only in the presence of relatively high concentrati... | The interaction of histamine and guanylnucleotides with cardiac adenylate cyclase and its relationship to cardiac contractility. Histamine stimulates adenylate cyclase activity in a washed membrane preparation from guinea-pig ventricle. Marked synergistic effects are observed with histamine and GTP. In the absence of G... | [
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PMID:13199 | Pharmacologically induced changes in the 3':5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate content of rat cerebellar cortex: difference between apomorphine, haloperidol and harmaline. | Harmaline increases cerebellar 3':5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) content in a dose-related manner; this increase is prevented by a pretreatment with 3-acetylpyridine (3-AP) (0.66 mmol/kg) which destroys climbing fibers and inhibits harmaline-induced tremor. The cerebellar cGMP content increases after isoniazi... | Pharmacologically induced changes in the 3':5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate content of rat cerebellar cortex: difference between apomorphine, haloperidol and harmaline. Harmaline increases cerebellar 3':5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) content in a dose-related manner; this increase is prevented by a pretreat... | [
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PMID:13200 | Propoxyphene and norpropoxyphene: pharmacologic and toxic effects in animals. | alpha-d-Propoxyphene and its principle metabolite, alpha-d-norpropoxyphene, were compared pharmacologically to establish their relative opioid profiles as defined by naloxone reversal. Propoxyphene exhibited opioid activity in the following tests: mouse abdominal constriction and rat tail heat analgesic tests, inhibiti... | Propoxyphene and norpropoxyphene: pharmacologic and toxic effects in animals. alpha-d-Propoxyphene and its principle metabolite, alpha-d-norpropoxyphene, were compared pharmacologically to establish their relative opioid profiles as defined by naloxone reversal. Propoxyphene exhibited opioid activity in the following t... | [
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PMID:13201 | Reduction of tertiary amine N-oxides by rat liver mitochondria. | Reduction of tertiary amine N-oxides by the mitochondrial fraction of rat liver was investigated. NADPH was required as a cofactor. The rate of reaction was faster with the NADPH-generating system than with NADPH. Isocitrate in the NADPH-generating system revealed the maximum stimulation. A little less activity was obs... | Reduction of tertiary amine N-oxides by rat liver mitochondria. Reduction of tertiary amine N-oxides by the mitochondrial fraction of rat liver was investigated. NADPH was required as a cofactor. The rate of reaction was faster with the NADPH-generating system than with NADPH. Isocitrate in the NADPH-generating system ... | [
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PMID:13202 | In vitro inhibition of rho-aminohippurate transport by halogenated anesthetics. | The effects of four commonly used halogenated anesthetic agents (methoxyflurane, halothane, enflurane and fluroxene) on rho-aminohippurate (PAH) uptake by rabbit renal cortical slices were examined. All agents depressed PAH uptake in a linear dose-dependent manner after 60 minutes of incubation and the effect was rever... | In vitro inhibition of rho-aminohippurate transport by halogenated anesthetics. The effects of four commonly used halogenated anesthetic agents (methoxyflurane, halothane, enflurane and fluroxene) on rho-aminohippurate (PAH) uptake by rabbit renal cortical slices were examined. All agents depressed PAH uptake in a line... | [
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0.021966101601719856,
0.... |
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