id stringlengths 24 24 | type stringclasses 4
values | body stringlengths 13 215 | ideal_answer listlengths 1 12 | exact_answer listlengths 0 44 | snippets listlengths 0 121 | documents listlengths 1 157 | triples listlengths 0 537 | concepts listlengths 0 99 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
54c12fd1f693c3b16b000001 | yesno | Does the histidine-rich Ca-binding protein (HRC) interact with triadin? | [
"Yes. HRC may play a key role in the regulation of SR Ca cycling through its direct interactions with SERCA2 and triadin, mediating a fine cross talk between SR Ca uptake and release in the heart. A direct binding of HRC (histidine-rich Ca(2+)-binding protein) to triadin, the main transmembrane protein of the junct... | [
"yes"
] | [
"The HRC effects on RyR may be regulated by the Ca(2+)-sensitivity of its interaction with triadin.",
"In rabbit skeletal and cardiac muscles, HRC binds to sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) membranes via triadin, a junctional SR protein. ",
"HRC may play a key role in the regulation of SR Ca cycling through its direc... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12480542",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25451386",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17030629",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11504710",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20807542",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22952658",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4263030",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TRDN_CANFA"
] |
52d3cc5203868f1b06000037 | summary | How are CpG island shores defined? | [
"CpG island \"shores\" are defined as genomic regions up to 2kb distant to known CpG islands. Differential DNA methylation correlates with gene expression more strongly at CpG island shores than CpG islands."
] | [] | [
"Here we show that most methylation alterations in colon cancer occur not in promoters, and also not in CpG islands, but in sequences up to 2 kb distant, which we term 'CpG island shores'. ",
" Here, we find substantial hypermethylation and hypomethylation of cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) island shores in nine... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24057217",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19951682",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20944598",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19151715",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23887935",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19881528",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/MECP2_HUMAN",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/MBD10_ARATH",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/MBD12_ARATH",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/MB3L1_HUMAN",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/MBD4_HUMAN",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/MBD1_MOUSE",
"http://www.uniprot.org/unipro... |
54d62ede3706e89528000002 | yesno | Does magnesium sulfate improve outcomes of subarachnoid hemorrhage patients? | [
"No. Although initial studies have provided with encouraging findings regarding administration of magnesium sulphate in aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage patients, but subsequent larger studies have reported that intravenous magnesium sulphate does not improve clinical outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemor... | [
"no"
] | [
"CONCLUSION: Patients assigned a higher serum magnesium concentration had a reduced incidence of vasospasm as seen by angiography, but the difference was not statistically significant. Clinically significant outcomes were not different between groups.",
"158 patients (26·2%) had poor outcome in the magnesium grou... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21299874",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15753761",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18705917",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21125466",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22170177",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16463831",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4073442"
] |
54f9ae2506d9727f76000002 | factoid | Which gene is mutated in a subtype of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy known as Naxos disease? | [
"Identification of a deletion in plakoglobin in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy with palmoplantar keratoderma and woolly hair (Naxos disease).Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is an inherited disorder associated with arrhythmias and sudden death. A recessive mutation in the gene... | [
"The Plakoglobin gene",
"plakoglobin[jup]"
] | [
"Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is an inheritable myocardial disorder associated with fibrofatty replacement of myocardium and ventricular arrhythmia. A subset of ARVC is categorized as Naxos disease, which is characterized by ARVC and a cutaneous disorder. A homozygous loss-of-function muta... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18937352",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21880664",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16096717",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21789513",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12574890",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11691526",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:4",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009202",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:0050431"
] |
530e42bf5937551c09000005 | summary | What is the role of edaravone in traumatic brain injury? | [
"Edaravone, a free radical scavenger, has been shown to have neuroprotective effects after traumatic brain injury. In animal models, edaravone has been shown to reduce neuronal damage by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), maintain intact the autoregulation of the cerebral vasculature, decrease neuronal loss,... | [] | [
" The edaravone-treated animals also exhibited higher rCBF in the contralateral hemisphere compared with that seen in -vehicle-treated animals. It is suggested that edaravone reduces neuronal damage by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and by maintaining intact the autoregulation of the cerebral vasculature.... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23564113",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23710445",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22977573",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22251821",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17115906",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24163818",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4278506",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D006259",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001930"
] |
532c169ed6d3ac6a3400001f | yesno | Are there plasma membrane receptors for thyroid hormones? | [
"Receptors for thyroid hormones are present on plasma membrane of cells; in particular thyroid hormones bind integrin that is a heterodimeric component of plasma membrane"
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"ntegrins are heterodimeric structural components of the plasma membrane whose ligands include a large number of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. ",
"Recently, integrin αvβ3 has been shown to have a panel of previously unappreciated small molecule receptor sites for thyroid hormone and hormone analogues, for ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11117200",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22986150",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20658515",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24113777",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6290538",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22945636",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002462",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0070324",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0005886",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+... |
56c1f020ef6e394741000047 | factoid | Which disorder is rated by Palmini classification? | [
"Palmini classification system is used for classification of focal cortical dysplasia."
] | [
"focal cortical dysplasia"
] | [
"This study also provides an opportunity to compare the predictive value of the ILAE and Palmini et al classification schemes with regard to the type I focal cortical dysplasias.",
"Of the 91 patients, there were 50 patients with ILAE focal cortical dysplasia type Ib, 41 with ILAE focal cortical dysplasia type Ic... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25219355",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21275980",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24649461",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24743217",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23667118",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17535679",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002965"
] |
52f4f2082059c6d71c00001d | summary | what is the role of erythropoietin in cardiac regeneration after myocardial infarction? | [
"In preclinical studies, erythropoietin improved cardiac function and perfusion by angiomyogenesis and protection of cardiomyocytes in myocardial infarction indicating that erythropoietin may play a role in the stimulation of cell regeneration under normal physiologic conditions and in patients with myocardial inju... | [] | [
"EPO in patients with STEMI treated with PCI is associated with an increase in diameter stenosis that is not associated with circulating progenitor cells.",
"The cytokines granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, erythropoietin, and stem cell factor may play a role in helping to stimulate cell regeneration under no... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22649318",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17576662",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21258568",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16717399",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16814664",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18397963",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009203",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004921",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012038"
] |
56b9c937ac7ad10019000001 | yesno | Does Rad9 interact with Aft1 in S.cerevisiae? | [
"Yes. Rad9 functions together with Aft1 on DNA damage-prone chromatin to facilitate genome surveillance, thereby ensuring rapid and effective response to possible DNA damage events."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Rad9 interacts with Aft1 to facilitate genome surveillance in fragile genomic sites under non-DNA damage-inducing conditions in S. cerevisiae.",
"Here we show that Rad9 checkpoint protein, known to mediate the damage signal from upstream to downstream essential kinases, interacts with Aft1 transcription factor i... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25300486"
] | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RAD9B_BOVIN",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RAD9_SCHPO",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012441",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RHNO1_MOUSE",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RAD9A_MOUSE",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jo... |
5162e011298dcd4e51000049 | yesno | Are there any desmins present in plants? | [
"No. Desmins are type III intermediate filament (IF) proteins that have been identified to date only in metazoa (human, Danio rerio, bovine). Desmins are also associated with severe forms of skeletal, cardiac and myofibrillar myopathies."
] | [
"no"
] | [
"Inherited mutations in the gene coding for the intermediate filament protein desmin have been demonstrated to cause severe skeletal and cardiac myopathies.",
"Mutations in the intermediate filament (IF) protein desmin cause severe forms of myofibrillar myopathy characterized by partial aggregation of the extrasa... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18033728",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19026658",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1694790",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20171226",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10929203",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7460905",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#broader",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/geneontology/id/GO:0045098",
"o": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/geneontology/id/GO:0005882"
}
] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/DESM_CHICK",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0045098"
] |
513711055274a5fb0700000e | yesno | Are viruses involved in the etiology of human subacute thyroiditis? | [
"Subacute thyroiditis (SAT) is an inflammatory disorder of the thyroid caused probably by viruses\nThe principal classes of viruses involed in SAT include Epstein Barr and Retroviridae"
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"he etiology of subacute (de Quervain's) thyroiditis (SAT) is uncertain, although it probably represents a nonspecific inflammatory response by the thyroid to a variety of viruses.",
"Subacute thyroiditis is an inflammatory disorder of the thyroid caused probably by viruses. I",
"We believe that the etiologic a... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18422033",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19138419",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20960165",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11109652",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23227861",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22819125",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D014780",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D050033",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013190",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/a... |
56e30dd551531f7e33000016 | list | List core circadian clock genes. | [
"The core circadian clock genes are CLOCK, BMAL1, Per, and Cry."
] | [
"CLOCK",
"BMAL1",
"Per",
"Cry",
"CKlε"
] | [
"PER1, CRY1, CRY2, CLOCK, BMAL1, and CKlε ",
" Expression levels of five clock genes (Rev-Erbα, Per1, Per2, Bmal1 and Cry1)",
"altered expression patterns of the circadian clock genes, Bmal1 and Per2. ",
"This review will focus on the core circadian clock genes CLOCK, BMAL1, Per, and Cry.",
"CLOCK, RORA, an... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24919398",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24378737",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25045881",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25013953",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24454829",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25888034",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
5713c8d71174fb1755000015 | factoid | Which peripheral neuropathy has been associated with NDRG1 mutations? | [
"Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) 4D disease is a severe autosomal recessive demyelinating neuropathy with extensive axonal loss leading to early disability, caused by mutations in the N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 (NDRG1).",
"CMT4D disease is a severe autosomal recessive demyelinating neuropathy with extensive axon... | [
"Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) 4D disease"
] | [
"CMT4D disease is a severe autosomal recessive demyelinating neuropathy with extensive axonal loss leading to early disability, caused by mutations in the N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 (NDRG1)",
"In a previous study, we have shown that N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1 (NDRG1), classified in databases as a tu... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20582309",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15082788",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12884740",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15651351",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12872253",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16541790",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
51485008d24251bc05000028 | yesno | Is miR-126 involved in heart failure? | [
"Yes, miR-126 is associated with heart failure."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"he miRNAs miR-126 and miR-508-5p are associated with the outcome of ICM and NICM patients with CHF. These two miRNAs could be useful in the diagnosis of CHF patients, and might provide novel targets for prevention and treatment of CHF.",
"The plasma concentration of miR-126 was negatively correlated with age and... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21157109",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23465244"
] | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A11659990",
"o": "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#Label"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#altLabel",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/id/C1537773",
"o"... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D006321",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0003015",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D006333",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:11... |
52e7bbf698d023950500001d | yesno | Does resveratrol reduce cardiac remodeling? | [
"Resveratrol attenuates left ventricular remodeling.\nResveratrol is a beneficial pharmacological tool that augments autophagy to bring about reverse remodeling in the postinfarction heart.\nResveratrol administration improved cardiac environment by reducing inflammatory state and decreased unfavorable ventricular ... | [
"yes"
] | [
"In conclusion, resveratrol attenuated cardiac oxidative damage and left ventricular remodeling and enhanced the decreased expression of SIRT1 in hearts of old rats with emphysema and thus might be a therapeutic modality for cardiac injury complicated in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).",
"In conclus... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22926332",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22473781",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20869962",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23274061",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18853243",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19370079",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4272358",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020257",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D064752",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&ter... |
51bdd9c2047fa84d1d000002 | factoid | Which is the receptor for substrates of Chaperone Mediated Autophagy? | [
"Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) is a lysosomal pathway for selective removal of damaged cytosolic proteins. The LAMP2A (Lysosome-associated membrane protein 2 isoform A) functions as a receptor for cytosolic proteins and also as essential component of the CMA translocation complex [28]. Cytosolic substrate prot... | [
"LAMP2A",
"Lysosome-associated membrane protein 2 isoform A"
] | [
"These proteins are targeted by chaperones and delivered to lysosomes where they are translocated into the lysosomal lumen and degraded via the lysosome-associated membrane protein type 2A (LAMP-2A)",
"Macroautophagy is followed by chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), in which Hsc70 (Heat shock cognate 70) selecti... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18635949",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22331875",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15331765",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18550537",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11208145",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11082038",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0006914",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001343",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0072321",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+... |
54d892ee014675820d000005 | summary | What are the hallmarks of congestive heart failure? | [
"Congestive heart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome, with hallmarks of fatigue and dyspnea, that continues to be highly prevalent and morbid. Common pathophysiologic features of HF include changes in left ventricle structure, function, and neurohormonal activation. Disturbed myocardial calcium handling is also on... | [] | [
"Disturbed myocardial calcium (Ca(+)) handling is one of the pathophysiologic hallmarks of cardiovascular diseases such as congestive heart failure",
"Congestive heart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome, with hallmarks of fatigue and dyspnea, that continues to be highly prevalent and morbid.",
"Common pathophy... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12691636",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7777669",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22707076",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17922627",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19808348",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2936238",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:6000"
] |
52f509512059c6d71c000020 | factoid | What is the mode of inheritance of short QT syndrome? | [
"The short QT syndrome has an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance."
] | [
"autosomal dominant mode of inheritance"
] | [
"Congenital short QT syndrome is a new familial primary electrical disease of the heart, which is characterized by abnormally short QT interval and paroxysmal atrial and ventricular tachyarrhythmias, including sudden cardiac death. An autosomal dominant mode of inheritance has been suggested. ",
"From 1993, the S... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19829181",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16812977",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19482666"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D014918"
] |
530e0d6e5937551c09000001 | list | List clinical trials that have directly compared microsurgical clipping with endovascular coiling for treatment of ruptured brain aneurysms? | [
"Barrow Ruptured Aneurysm Trial (BRAT) and international subarachnoid aneurysmal trial (ISAT) have directly compared microsurgical clipping with endovascular coiling for treatment of ruptured brain aneurysms. FIAT study, a clinical care trial aiming to compare angiographic and clinical outcomes following treatment ... | [
"Barrow Ruptured Aneurysm Trial (BRAT)",
"international subarachnoid aneurysmal trial (BRAT)",
"FIAT study"
] | [
"The authors report the 3-year results of the Barrow Ruptured Aneurysm Trial (BRAT). The objective of this ongoing randomized trial is to compare the safety and efficacy of microsurgical clip occlusion and endovascular coil embolization for the treatment of acutely ruptured cerebral aneurysms and to compare functio... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20808697",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12414200",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17703631",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18053204",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16172968",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21947244",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013525",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000783",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016430",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
530cf54dab4de4de0c000009 | summary | What is the reason for the narcolepsy cases developed after H1N1 influenza vaccination? | [
"The proposed mechanism for postvaccination narcolepsy is one in which an environmental trigger causes or enhances an antibody-mediated autoimmune response in patients with a preexisting genetic susceptibility."
] | [] | [
"The proposed mechanism for postvaccination narcolepsy is one in which an environmental trigger causes or enhances an antibody-mediated autoimmune response in patients with a preexisting genetic susceptibility. ",
"The loss of hypothalamic hypocretin/orexin (hcrt) producing neurons causes narcolepsy with cataplex... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21866560",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23486871",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24048081",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23884811",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21963829",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21676420",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D014611",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D053118",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D014612",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/a... |
5311bf53e3eabad021000006 | list | Which are the biotracers used for detection of Alzheimer's disease using PET? | [
"Pittsburgh compound B (PIB) was the first radiotracer capable of highlighting deposits of beta-amyloid—one pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease—in living individuals during a PET scan. The Alzheimer's Association helped fund early PIB development. The Association in 2006 also awarded a $2.1 million grant t... | [
"Pittsburgh compound B",
"Florbetaben (BAY 94-9172)",
"Florbetapir F 18 (18F-AV-45)",
"18F flutemetamol (flute)"
] | [
"(18)F-flutemetamol PET and structural MRI provided additive information in the diagnostic classification of aMCI subjects, suggesting an amyloid-independent neurodegenerative component among aMCI subjects in this sample.",
"This pooled analysis of four studies determined the level of association between uptake o... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22982358",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23966249",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23624169",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23882370",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24194552",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24166579",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D019788",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:10652",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000544"
] |
569e79ecceceede94d000002 | factoid | What was the purpose of the FANTOM3 project? | [
" The FANTOM3 annotation system, consisting of automated computational prediction, manual curation, and final expert curation, facilitated the comprehensive characterization of the mouse transcriptome, and could be applied to the transcriptomes of other species",
"Functional Annotation Of Mouse 3 (FANTOM3), an in... | [
"The comprehensive characterization of the mouse transcriptome."
] | [
" The FANTOM3 annotation system, consisting of automated computational prediction, manual curation, and final expert curation, facilitated the comprehensive characterization of the mouse transcriptome, and could be applied to the transcriptomes of other species",
"Functional Annotation Of Mouse 3 (FANTOM3), an in... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16683036",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20428234",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16381948"
] | [] | [] |
515bd543298dcd4e51000001 | list | In which isochores are Alu elements enriched? | [
"Alu elements are enriched in high GC% isochores due to reduced Alu loss by recombination in these regions. The frequency of Alu sequences increases with increasing GC, but attains a maximum in H2 isochores."
] | [
"H2",
"H3"
] | [
" the vast majority of Alu sequences were shown to have the highest density in GC-rich isochores",
"Alu sequences being unstable in the GC-poor isochores but stable in the compositionally matching GC-rich isochores,",
"Alu retrotransposons do not show a homogeneous distribution over the human genome but have a ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8828040",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19543403",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9931467",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15871047",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22057813",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11591470",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D032085",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020087"
] |
52df887498d023950500000c | yesno | Is oxalate renal excretion increased after bariatric surgery? | [
"Bariatric surgery is associated with a significant risk of nephrolithiasis.\nEnteric hyperoxaluria, nephrolithiasis, and oxalate nephropathy must be considered with the other risks of bariatric surgery\nHyperoxaluria in patients treated with bariatric surgery was found to be a result of hyperabsorption of oxalate"... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Despite the fact that bariatric surgery-induced weight loss is associated with a significant decrease in morbidity and mortality and improvement in renal function, bariatric surgery has recently been shown to be associated with a significant risk of nephrolithiasis. The main risk factor for nephrolithiasis is incr... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21295813",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23821183",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16925274",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18701613",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2218396",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9689695",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0007588",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002129",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D015390",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field... |
52e6c92598d0239505000019 | list | Which are the mutational hotspots of the human KRAS oncogene? | [
"The KRAS oncogene has four main mutational hotspots located at codons 12, 13, 61 and 146.",
"The mutational hotspots for the K-ras oncogene are codons 12 and 13"
] | [
"Codon 12",
"Codon 13",
"Codon 61",
"Codon 146",
"Codon 18",
"Codon 31",
"Codon 15"
] | [
"In this study we analyzed 15 sMTC for mutations in the hotspots codon 12, 13 and 61 of the H- and K-ras oncogene.",
"mutation in the codon 12, 13 and 61 of the H-ras and K-ras oncogene",
"the mutation hotspots of the K-ras proto-oncogene in human functional adrenocortical tumors are in codons 15, 16, 18, and 3... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19430299",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23074403",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16434186",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22006429",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23536897",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21199003",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RASK_RAT",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RASK_ORYLA",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RASK_MSVKI",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RASK_MOUSE",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D017384",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/201... |
57279ef20fd6f91b68000018 | factoid | Which intraflagellar transport (IFT) motor protein has been linked to human skeletal ciliopathies? | [
"Cytoplasmic dynein-2 (dynein-2) performs intraflagellar transport and is associated with human skeletal ciliopathies",
"Intraflagellar transport (IFT) depends on two evolutionarily conserved modules, subcomplexes A (IFT-A) and B (IFT-B), to drive ciliary assembly and maintenance. All six IFT-A components and the... | [
"Intraflagellar transport (IFT) motor protein DYNC2H1"
] | [
"Cytoplasmic dynein-2 (dynein-2) performs intraflagellar transport and is associated with human skeletal ciliopathies",
"Cytoplasmic dynein-2 is the motor for retrograde intraflagellar transport (IFT), and mutations in dynein-2 are known to cause skeletal ciliopathies",
"Intraflagellar transport (IFT) depends o... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24140113",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25205765",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25470043",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24183451"
] | [] | [] |
56c1f011ef6e394741000042 | summary | What is the mechanism of action of ocrelizumab for treatment of multiple sclerosis? | [
"Ocrelizumab is a cytolytic monoclonal antibody that binds CD20 antigen present of B cells. It is approved for treatment of multiple sclerosis."
] | [] | [
"Recent therapeutic advances include modifications to improve tolerability of existing products (e.g. interferon beta and glatiramer acetate), development of novel anti-neuroinflammatory medications (e.g. fingolimod, teriflunomide and dimethyl fumarate, daclizumab, alemtuzumab, ocrelizumab) and investigation of tre... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23448220",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22047971",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23609782",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22229582",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24928997",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24444048",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009103",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4002285",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:2377"
] |
56a8d660a17756b72f000006 | factoid | What is the link between Nonidet-40 (NP-40) and biotinylation? | [
"0.5% of the non-ionic detergent Nonidet-40 (NP-40) during cell lysis and nuclei isolation is sufficient to practically eliminate contamination by endogenous biotinylated carboxylases during purification of biotin tagged nuclear proteins.",
"NP-40 reduces contamination by endogenous biotinylated carboxylases duri... | [
"Reduction of contamination by endogenous biotinylated carboxylases during purification of biotin tagged nuclear proteins."
] | [
"NP-40 reduces contamination by endogenous biotinylated carboxylases during purification of biotin tagged nuclear proteins.",
"We show that the use of 0.5% of the non-ionic detergent Nonidet-40 (NP-40) during cell lysis and nuclei isolation is sufficient to practically eliminate contamination of nuclear extracts ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23500724"
] | [] | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4252646"
] |
5353aedb288f4dae47000006 | factoid | Which is the transcript responsible for X-chromosome inactivation? | [
"The long non- coding RNA Xist (X inactive specific transcript)"
] | [
"Xist"
] | [
"Xist, a gene responsible for X chromosome inactivation (XCI)",
"X inactivation-specific transcript (XIST) is a long ncRNA that mediates X chromosome inactivation",
"the X inactive specific transcript (Xist) gene, which is known now to represent the master switch locus regulating X inactivation",
"IST, a long... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23847260",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24040022",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21094887",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22065773",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12952890",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21660507",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0009048",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D049951",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:1900095",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:... |
56e0813651531f7e33000010 | summary | What are viral vectors used for in optogenetics? | [
"Viral vectors are used to express optogenetic constructs in selected cells."
] | [] | [
"To express ChR in neurons, the common expression systems include viral vectors, in utero electroporation, and transgenic animals, each with their advantages and limitations regarding the cost, expression pattern, and the required effort. ",
"In this review, the various strategies for selective genetic targeting ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23283335",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21041318",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25352792",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24647936",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22341326",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23724838",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0044009"
] |
56c83f365795f9a73e000011 | factoid | Which domain allowing self-association do exist in TDP-43 and FUS proteins? | [
"PRION PROTEINS",
"Mutations in related RNA-binding proteins TDP-43, FUS/TLS and TAF15 have been connected to ALS. These three proteins share several features, including the presence of a bioinformatics-predicted prion domain, aggregation-prone nature in vitro and in vivo and toxic effects when expressed in multi... | [
"Prion-like domain"
] | [
"Using transient expression of a panel of deletion and chimeric FUS variants in various cultured cells, we demonstrated that FUS accumulating in the cytoplasm nucleates a novel type of RNA granules, FUS granules (FGs), that are structurally similar but not identical to physiological RNA transport granules. Formatio... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24842888",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20356930",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10521526",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22454397",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22065782",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23629963",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/FUS_MOUSE",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TADBP_CHICK",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D054730",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TADBP_XENTR",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/FUS_HUMAN",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TA... |
5545dc7de233d84047000001 | yesno | Is there a role for transcription factories in genome organization? | [
"The mammalian nucleus is a highly complex structure that carries out a diverse range of functions such as DNA replication, cell division, RNA processing, and nuclear export/import. Many of these activities occur at discrete subcompartments that intersect with specific regions of the genome. Over the past few decad... | [
"yes"
] | [
"The mammalian nucleus is a highly complex structure that carries out a diverse range of functions such as DNA replication, cell division, RNA processing, and nuclear export/import. Many of these activities occur at discrete subcompartments that intersect with specific regions of the genome. Over the past few decad... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24003126",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24166911",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16500976",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21880598",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19506577",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17913488",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
531778ddb166e2b80600000f | list | Which are the Chompret criteria for Li-Fraumeni syndrome? | [
"1) According to the Chompret criteria for LFS, any patient with adrenocortical cancer (ACC), irrespective of age and family history, is at high risk for a TP53 germline mutation.\n2) All families with a p53 mutation must have at least one family member with a sarcoma, breast, brain, or adrenocortical carcinoma (AC... | [
"Any patient with adrenocortical cancer (ACC), irrespective of age and family history.",
"All families with a p53 mutation must have at least one family member with a sarcoma, breast, brain, or adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC)."
] | [
"According to the Chompret criteria for LFS, any patient with adrenocortical cancer (ACC), irrespective of age and family history, is at high risk for a TP53 germline mutation. ",
"All families with a p53 mutation had at least one family member with a sarcoma, breast, brain, or adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC)."
] | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22170717",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19204208"
] | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:3948",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001932",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001943",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Ex... |
56d042ae3975bb303a00000d | list | When ceritinib used instead of crizotinib? | [
"Ceritinib is approved for the treatment of ALK-positive metastatic NSCLC patients that are crizotinib-resistant and crizotinib-naïve."
] | [
"crizotinib-resistant ALK-positive metastatic NSCLC patients",
"crizotinib-naïve ALK-positive metastatic NSCLC patients"
] | [
"Ceritinib is a second-generation ALK inhibitor that has demonstrated activity in crizotinib-resistant patients, becoming a promising treatment option in this population. ",
"Ceritinib is approved for the treatment of ALK-positive metastatic NSCLC in patients who are intolerant to or have progressed despite thera... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24675041",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24891360",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25945060",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25101329",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26366094",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24856155",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
52bf1f1303868f1b06000014 | factoid | What type of enzyme is peroxiredoxin 2 (PRDX2)? | [
"Peroxiredoxin 2 (PRDX2) is an antioxidant enzyme that uses cysteine residues to decompose peroxides. \nPeroxiredoxin-2 (PRDX2), an enzyme reducing hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxides \nPeroxiredoxin 2 (Prx2) is a thiol-dependent peroxidase."
] | [
"antioxidant"
] | [
"Peroxiredoxin-2 (PRDX-2) is an antioxidant and chaperone-like protein critical for cell function.",
"We found that the antioxidant enzyme peroxiredoxin-2 (Prx2) inversely correlated with the metastatic capacity of human melanoma cells.",
"The aim of this study was to examine gonadotropin regulation of antioxid... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12943237",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18222042",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18479207",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22989627",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19969073",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20646000",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004798",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D054464"
] |
52f20d802059c6d71c00000a | yesno | Is the length of the poly(A) tail involved in human disease? | [
"Yes. Severely truncated poly(A) tails of mitochondrial mRNAs were found to be involved in an autosomal recessive spastic ataxia with optic atrophy."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"In human mitochondria, polyadenylation of mRNA, undertaken by the nuclear-encoded mitochondrial poly(A) RNA polymerase, is essential for maintaining mitochondrial gene expression. Our molecular investigation of an autosomal-recessive spastic ataxia with optic atrophy, present among the Old Order Amish, identified ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20970105"
] | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0000289",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D026723",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0060212",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:... |
53355714d6d3ac6a34000045 | summary | Why graphics processing units (GPU) are more suitable for biological tasks than central processing units (CPU)? | [
"Traditional central processing unist (CPUs) are reaching their limit in processing power and are not designed primarily for multithreaded applications. Graphics processing units (GPUs) on the other hand are affordable, scalable computer powerhouses that, thanks to the ever increasing demand for higher quality grap... | [] | [
"The global speedups of 22.11, 38.80, and 44.80 are found comparing the parallel computation of one GPU, two GPUs by exact rotational operator, and two GPU versions by an approximate rotational operator with serial computation of the CPU",
"evaluate the use of general-purpose graphics processing units (GPGPUs) to... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18070356",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22759575",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18061402",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20715052",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23391255",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22537298",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D003196"
] |
52fb42752059c6d71c00005e | list | Which are the thyroid hormone analogs utilized in human studies? | [
"TRIAC and TETRAC are two different thyroid hormone analogs utilized in human studies"
] | [
"TRIAC",
"TETRAC"
] | [
"Here, we evaluate the therapeutic potential of the TH analog 3,5,3',5'-tetraiodothyroacetic acid (tetrac) as a replacement for T(4) in brain development. ",
"This treatment was sufficient to promote TH-dependent neuronal differentiation in the cerebellum, cerebral cortex, and striatum but was ineffective in supp... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18954857",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20187783",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22947347",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7608251",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18080776",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16384862",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013963",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011455",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D014284",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
532f0c4ed6d3ac6a3400002e | yesno | Are patients with marfan syndrome at increased risk of arrhythmias? | [
"Patients with marfan syndrome carry increased risk for arrhythmias"
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a variable, autosomal-dominant disorder of the connective tissue. In MFS serious ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death (SCD) can occur.",
"Marfan's patients carry increased risk for cardiac arrhythmias. ",
"Ventricular arrhythmias were present in 21% and were associated with... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17597390",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22738784",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12535830"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D008382",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001145",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012306"
] |
5509b6d22e93f0133a000005 | summary | What are the treatments of choice for GIST (gastrointestinal stromal tumor)? | [
"The surgical resection is a treatment of choice for gastrointestinal stromal tumors. It has been shown that adequate surgical resection correlates with high 5-years survival rates for patients with gastric GIST. When they are localized, the treatment of choice is surgical excision, but advanced tumors have a limi... | [] | [
"Traditionally, the treatment of choice for primary disease is surgical resection",
"no single surgeon or institution gets extensive exposure to these patients so appropriate decision-making is difficult, particularly since the introduction of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib, which has become an important ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16857109",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19097381",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18958964",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15508453",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16739060",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15655606",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
56be0e4aef6e394741000008 | list | List Kartagener Syndrome Triad. | [
"The triad of situs inversus, bronchiectasis and sinusitis is known as Kartagener syndrome."
] | [
"situs inversus",
"bronchiectasis",
"sinusitis"
] | [
"The triad of situs inversus, bronchiectasis and sinusitis is known as Kartagener syndrome. ",
"BACKGROUND: KARTAGENER SYNDROME (KS) IS A RARE CONGENITAL DISEASE CHARACTERISED BY A CLINICAL TRIAD OF SYMPTOMS: situs inversus, chronic rhinosinusitis, and bronchiectasis. ",
"Kartagener's syndrome is a very rare co... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25207108",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8080604",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6984375",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17725169",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16940490",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24019633",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D007619"
] |
550f0e4c6a8cde6b72000003 | factoid | Which disease is associated with the ectopic expression of the protein encoded by the gene DUX4? | [
"Facioscapulohumeral dystrophy (FSHD) is a progressive muscular dystrophy caused by decreased epigenetic repression of the D4Z4 macrosatellite repeats and ectopic expression of DUX4, a retrogene encoding a germline transcription factor encoded in each repeat."
] | [
"Facioscapulohumeral dystrophy",
"FSHD"
] | [
"e expression of DUX4 has been confirmed in both FSHD cells and biopsies by several laboratories.",
"These results indicate that molecular markers of the disease are already expressed during fetal life, thus opening a new field of investigation for mechanisms leading to FSHD.",
"Facioscapulohumeral dystrophy (F... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24232919",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21529284",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21484336",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21951698",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23777630",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22718021",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
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"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A3832170",
"o": "MeSH"
},
{
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"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/id/C1317909",
"o": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls... | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:4",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/DUX4_HUMAN",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=diseases_category"
] |
5319ac36b166e2b806000031 | factoid | Which G protein is essential in the formation and function of lamellipodia? | [
"Recruitment of the small G-protein Rac1 to the plasma membrane is essential in inducing the local formation of specialized cellular processes termed lamellipodia."
] | [
"Rac1"
] | [
"We specifically identified that the Spa homology domain (aa 250-420) of GIT1 is required for GIT1-cortactin complex localization to the leading edge. The mechanisms involved extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2-mediated Cortactin-S405 phosphorylation and activation of Rac1/Cdc42.",
"We demonstrated the... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11709084",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19801976",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24265417",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9301423",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11230698"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011554",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D019204",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020744"
] |
54dfc6501388e8454a000009 | list | Which are the main functions of the APOBEC3 family of proteins? | [
"The APOBEC3 family of cytidine deaminases play a critical role in host-mediated defense against exogenous viruses, most notably, human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1), and endogenous transposable elements, such as LINE-1 and Alu retrotransposons."
] | [
"host-mediated defense against exogenous viruses",
"defense against endogenous transposable elements"
] | [
"The APOBEC3 cytidine deaminases play a critical role in host-mediated defense against exogenous viruses, most notably, human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) and endogenous transposable elements",
"the identification of APOBEC3G (A3G) as a potent restriction factor of HIV-1",
"additional A3 family members... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22915799",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15466872",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17439959",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21966267",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22720156",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22203821",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ABEC3_MOUSE",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ABEC3_CRILO",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ABEC3_RAT"
] |
52e0c9a298d0239505000010 | list | Which histone modifications are associated with constitutive heterochromatin? | [
"Strong methylation at H3 lysine 9 occurred preferentially in heterochromatic chromocenters of Arabidopsis nuclei. In general, heterochromatin has been linked to trimethylation of H3 at lysine 9 and parsimony analysis reveal that histone H3K9 methylation is, next to histone deacetylation, the evolutionary most stab... | [
"H3K9Me1",
"H3K9Me2",
"H3K9me3",
"H3K9 trimethylation",
"H3K27me1",
"H3K27me2",
"H4K20me3",
"H4K20 trimethylation",
"H3K79me3",
"H3K79 methylation",
"H3S10",
"H3S10 phosphorylation"
] | [
"Remarkably, in mammalian somatic cells, H3S10P initiates in the pericentromeric heterochromatin during the late G2 phase, and phosphorylation spreads throughout the chromosomes arms in prophase, being maintained until the onset of anaphase when it gets dephosphorylated",
"Based on these findings, we believe that... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20562223",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17710556",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11850619",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11356363",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16705169",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22572731",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/relationontology/hasLocalization",
"s": "http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q58E49",
"o": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/geneontology/id/GO:0000792"
},
{
"p": "http://purl.uniprot.org/core/fullName",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/#_5135... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D056284",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0001207",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0034729",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:... |
530cf54dab4de4de0c00000c | factoid | What is the main application of SWATH-MS in proteomics? | [
"Using the method called SWATH-MS one might ask sample sets for the presence and quantity of essentially any protein of interest."
] | [
"The identification and quantification of any protein."
] | [
"it is a valuable resource for the selection of candidate proteotypic peptides for targeted proteomic experiments via Selected Reaction Monitoring (SRM) or SWATH-MS",
"SWATH-MS is a data-independent acquisition method that generates, in a single measurement, a complete recording of the fragment ion spectra of all... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23227840",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23322582",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22261725",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23811049"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020543",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D040901"
] |
515ed87c298dcd4e51000032 | yesno | Do selenoproteins and selenium play a role in prostate cancer prevention? | [
"No, although initial epidemiological studies on humans and on animal and cell- based models indicated that selenoproteins may be protecting against prostate cancer, more research is needed to improve the understanding of selenium metabolism and requirements for optimal health."
] | [
"no"
] | [
"The selenoprotein-deficient mice exhibited accelerated development of lesions associated with prostate cancer progression, implicating selenoproteins in cancer risk and development and raising the possibility that selenium prevents cancer by modulating the levels of these selenoproteins",
"Notably and in contras... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19074884",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23133653",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16690748",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19690186",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20852007",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20424130",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D051140",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:10283"
] |
52bf217003868f1b0600001b | factoid | What can Nothobranchius furzeri be used as a model system for? | [
"N. furzeri an interesting model system to investigate the effects of experimental manipulations on longevity and age-related pathologies.\nN. furzeri could represent a model system for studying the genetic control of life-history traits in natural populations.\nN. furzeri could be a very useful model for comparati... | [
"aging research"
] | [
"The short-lived annual fish Nothobranchius furzeri shows extremely short captive life span and accelerated expression of age markers, making it an interesting model system to investigate the effects of experimental manipulations on longevity and age-related pathologies.",
"Owing to large differences in aging phe... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19302373",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19052641",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17049789",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16687936",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16164422"
] | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A2174134",
"o": "105023"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#prefLabel",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/id/C1048677",
"o": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resourc... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D023421"
] |
515dc691298dcd4e5100001b | summary | What is the function of TALENs? | [
" These chimeric enzymes can be used to introduce a double strand break at a specific genomic site which then can become the substrate for error-prone non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), generating mutations at the site of cleavage. Artificial transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) provide a powerf... | [] | [
"Transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) are programmable nucleases that join FokI endonuclease with the modular DNA-binding domain of TALEs"
] | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22624882",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23027955",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23000899",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23555929"
] | [] | [] |
54d796f93706e8952800001e | yesno | Has protein citrullination been implicated in rheumatoid arthritis? | [
"Yes, protein citrullination been implicated in rheumatoid arthritis."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
": Citrullination has become a hot topic within recent years due to its involvement in diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), multiple sclerosis and fibrosis. ",
"Current literature suggests that increased levels of citrullinated proteins are found in several if not all inflammatory diseases. ",
"Antibodie... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24823363",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25182207",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25475141",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24763532",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24724574",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25116951",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:848",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001168",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4275495",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001172",
"http://www.nlm.nih.g... |
535d613f7d100faa09000002 | summary | Show results of randomised controlled trials for certolizumab pegol. | [
"Improvement of clinical results (ACR50, 28 joint disease activity score (DAS-28) remission and HAQ scores) with certolizumab pegol. Adverse events were more frequent with certolizumab; there was a statistically significant increase in the number of serious adverse events, infections and hypertension.\nRandomised c... | [] | [
"RESULTS: 4049 RA patients who received CZP were included in the safety pooling; total exposure 9277 PY, mean exposure 2.1 years (range 0.04-7.6). SIE, most frequently pneumonia (IR 0.73/100 PY), were the most common serious AE, occurring more frequently in CZP compared to placebo-treated patients in RCT (IR 5.61/1... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24092417",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21328299",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22165979",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21047485"
] | [
{
"p": "http://data.linkedct.org/resource/linkedct/intervention",
"s": "http://data.linkedct.org/resource/trials/NCT00672828",
"o": "http://data.linkedct.org/resource/intervention/25702"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label",
"s": "http://data.linkedct.org/resource/trials/NC... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016449"
] |
54f2228e64850a5854000002 | factoid | Which is the mass-tag that reveal the ubiquitination of a lysine residue? | [
"Lys-ɛ-Gly-Gly (K-ɛ-GG) is the remnant produced by trypsin digestion of proteins having ubiquitinated lysine side chains."
] | [
"Lys-ɛ-Gly-Gly (K-ɛ-GG) is the remnant produced by trypsin digestion of proteins having ubiquitinated lysine side chains."
] | [
"antibodies that recognize the Lys-ɛ-Gly-Gly (K-ɛ-GG) remnant produced by trypsin digestion of proteins having ubiquitinated lysine side chains have markedly improved the ability to enrich and detect endogenous ubiquitination sites by mass spectrometry (MS). ",
"Recent publications have also highlighted the use o... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24196352",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24051958",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24142993",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24167568",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24251111",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23682733",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D025801",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D008239",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ALYS_BPDP1",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0031386",
"ht... |
5323640b9b2d7acc7e000014 | factoid | Which gene is involved in CADASIL? | [
"Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), the most common form of familial vascular dementia, is caused by mutations of the NOTCH3 gene."
] | [
"Notch3 gene"
] | [
"leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), the most common form of familial vascular dementia, is caused by mutations of the NOTCH3 gene",
"Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a hereditary disease caused by mutations of the Notch3 gene encoding the Notch3 p... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19788051",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22664156",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17854869",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21038489",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19539236",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19018300",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/diseaseontology/id/DOID:13945",
"o": "UMLS_CUI:C0751587"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#prefLabel",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/diseaseontology/id/DOID:13945",
"o"... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011506",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:13945",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D015870",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+E... |
516beae9298dcd4e5100006b | summary | What is the role of thyroid hormone receptor alpha1 in insulin secretion? | [
"Liganded TR(alpha) plays a critical role in beta-cell replication and in expansion of the beta-cell mass. the TRalpha P398H mutation which cannot bind T3, is associated with insulin resistance. Loss of Thra protects mice from high-fat diet-induced hepatic and peripheral insulin resistance."
] | [] | [
"loss of Thra protects mice from high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis and hepatic and peripheral insulin resistance.",
"liganded TR(alpha) plays a critical role in beta-cell replication and in expansion of the beta-cell mass during postnatal development. Thus, liganded TR(alpha) may be a target for therapeutic... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22147010",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12869545",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20529852"
] | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/THA_LITCT",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011972",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/THAA_PAROL",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/THA_PYGAD",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0050796",
"http://... |
56e2985951531f7e33000013 | yesno | Do R-loops tend to form at sites of DNA replication? | [
"R-loops co-localize with the ORC within the same CpG island region in a significant fraction of these efficient replication origins. Physiological R-loop formation at CpG island promoters can contribute to DNA replication origin specification at these regions, the most efficient replication initiation sites in mam... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Escherichia coli rnhA mutants devoid of RNase HI exhibit constitutive stable DNA replication, cSDR, which is thought to be initiated from R-loops stabilized in the absence of RNase HI.",
"We propose that the organized structure of the R-loop is critical for primer RNA function in vivo with important implications... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15569610",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7774596",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10082645",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21191184",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9119223",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25569209",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004247",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004261"
] |
51487ef9d24251bc05000031 | list | Which two catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) inhibitors can be used for treatment of Parkinson disease? | [
"Tolcapone (central and peripheral) and entacapone (peripheral) are catechol-O-methyl transferase inhibitors that are used for treatment of Parkinson disease."
] | [
"tolcapone",
"entacapone"
] | [
"Entacapone is a highly potent, reversible, peripherally acting catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) inhibitor that is used as an adjunct to L-dopa in the treatment of patients with Parkinson disease (PD).",
"Stalevo is a combination tablet comprised of levodopa, carbidopa, and the COMT inhibitor entacapone. It i... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15853578",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11147512",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11147511",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15372589",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21164341",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19589043",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D010300",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/COMT_RAT",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/COMT_MOUSE",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/COMT_HUMAN",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0016206",
"http://... |
5505db6a8e1671127b000003 | factoid | What are the structures formed when keratin molecules come together? | [
"Keratins form the intermediate filaments of the cytoskeleton and provide scaffold structures within cells."
] | [
"Intermediate filaments"
] | [
" Keratins form the intermediate filaments of the cytoskeleton and provide scaffold structures within cells.",
"keratin intermediate filaments",
"keratin intermediate filaments",
"keratin intermediate filament protein.",
"Keratin is a protein in the intermediate filament family ",
"Keratins are the interm... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22502568",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21721843",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22585043",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23396250",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22963508",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22168818",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4249492",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000595",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D007633",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&ter... |
531d1998267d7dd053000001 | factoid | Which is the prognostic impact of hypothyroidism in patients with acute myocardial infarction? | [
"Thyroid dysfunction, particularly low T3 syndrome, is a strong predictor of short-term and long-term poor prognoses in patients with acute myocardial infarctions."
] | [
"Low T3 Syndrome isassociatedwithpoor prognosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction"
] | [
"In-hospital cardiogenic shock (15% vs 3% in the control group; p<0.01) and death (7% vs 1% in the control group; p<0.01) were more frequently observed in the thyroid dysfunction group. ",
"Thyroid dysfunction, particularly sick euthyroid syndrome, was found to be related to in-hospital and long term mortality in... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16330914",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19609889",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23124142",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11747849",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23990180"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011379",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D056989",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013963",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/a... |
56c9f9d95795f9a73e00001e | summary | Which are the main features of CREST and other ALS-linked proteins? | [
"CREST and certain other ALS-linked proteins share several features implicated in ALS pathogenesis, namely the ability to aggregate, be recruited to stress granules and alter paraspeckle integrity.",
"Similar to several proteins implicated in ALS, CREST contains a prion-like domain and was reported to be a compon... | [] | [
"Similar to several proteins implicated in ALS, CREST contains a prion-like domain and was reported to be a component of paraspeckles.",
"Like several other ALS-associated proteins, CREST is recruited to induced stress granules.",
"CREST and certain other ALS-linked proteins share several features implicated in... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13129802",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25173930",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24360741",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16808883",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24115583",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24355598",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
54c225bcf693c3b16b000002 | list | Mutations of which genes have been associated with Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia (CPVT)? | [
"Mutations in five genes – ryanodine receptor 2 (RYR2), calsequestrin 2(CASQ2), triadic (TRDN), calmodulin 1 (CALM1) and potassium channel, inwardly rectifying subfamily J, member 2 (KCNJ2) – have been found to be associated with CPVT"
] | [
"ryanodine receptor 2",
"RYR2",
"calsequestrin 2",
"CASQ2",
"triadin",
"TRDN",
"calmodulin 1",
"CALM1",
"potassium channel, inwardly rectifying subfamily J, member 2",
"KCNJ2"
] | [
"Mutation in four genes – RYR2, CASQ2, TRDN, and CALM1 – is known to cause CPVT or related phenotypes of adrenergically induced life-threatening arrhythmias. The presence of other as-yet unidentified loci is postulated ",
"some KCNJ2 mutation carriers lack the ATS triad and sometimes share the phenotype of catech... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20301466",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22422768",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24370574",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23595086",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20807279",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22787013",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
5173a8b48ed59a060a00001d | summary | What is the relationship between nucleosomes and exons? | [
"Nucleosomes are preferentially located within exons compared to nearby intronic sequences. Preferential positioning within the exons is indepedent of gene expression levels, stronger in exons with weak splice sites and conserved through metazoan evolution."
] | [] | [
"Nucleosomes preferentially are located at the ends of exons, thus protecting splice junctions, with the N9 positions of guanines of the GT and AG junctions oriented toward the histones.",
"Nucleosomes were found to be preferentially positioned within constitutive exons and/or constitutive portions of alternative... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20808788",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21859475",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21289049",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19687145",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19684599",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20097656",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
532c0d7fd6d3ac6a3400001c | list | List programs suitable for pharmacophore modelling | [
"A pharmacophore is an abstract description of molecular features which are necessary for molecular recognition of a ligand by a biological macromolecule. The IUPAC defines a pharmacophore to be \"an ensemble of steric and electronic features that is necessary to ensure the optimal supramolecular interactions with ... | [
"LigandScout program",
"Discovery Studio program",
"3D QSAR Pharmacophore Generation module",
"Catalyst",
"HipHop module",
"HypoGen module",
"PharmaGist",
"Genetic Algorithm Similarity Program (GASP)",
"Molecular Operating Environment (MOE)",
"Pharmacophore Elucidation"
] | [
"Pharmacophore models based on thermolysin binding modes and activity profiles were generated using the LigandScout program",
"In this study, pharmacophore hypotheses based on known inhibitors were generated using common feature pharmacophore generation protocol available in Discovery Studio program",
" A pharm... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20499259",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20045317",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22272142",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22779800",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19691298",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23140189",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D003198",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D015195",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D019542"
] |
550c1ca3a103b78016000003 | yesno | Is selenium deficiency involved in autoimmune thyroid disease? | [
"Selenium deficiency is likely to constitute a risk factor for a feedforward derangement of the immune system-thyroid interaction, while selenium supplementation appears to dampen the self-amplifying nature of this derailed interactionIn areas with severe selenium deficiency higher incidence of thyroiditis has been... | [
"yes"
] | [
"In areas with severe selenium deficiency higher incidence of thyroiditis has been reported due to a decreased activity of selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase enzyme within thyroid cells",
"Of 30 patients in the selenium treated group, 6 patients were overtly hypothyroid, 15 were subclinical hypothyroid, 6 ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15132715",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22009156",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20810577",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21896670",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23448365",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19034261",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013967",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4278041",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:7188"
] |
530c844e970c65fa6b000014 | list | List disorders that are caused by mutations in the mitochondrial MTND6 gene. | [
"Mitochondrial MTND6 gene mutations are the cause of Leigh syndrome and Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy and/or dystonia."
] | [
"Leigh syndrome",
"Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy and/or dystonia"
] | [
"It was shown that m14487T>C can also cause the unusual combination of optic atrophy, ptosis, and encephalomyopathy leading to intractable seizures. ",
" MTND6 genes were identified as 'hotspots' of mutations, with Leigh syndrome accounting for the large majority of associated phenotypes. ",
"he 14487T>C mutati... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24126373",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16885236",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8090716",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7654063",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22970697",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16044424",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NU6M_GADMO"
] |
571653aecb4ef8864c000005 | list | Which are the most common methods for ctDNA (circulating tumour DNA) detection? | [
"Recently, nanoplasmonics has emerged as a platform for one-step dual detection with high sensitivity and specificity. The practice of \"liquid biopsy\" as a diagnostic, prognostic and theranostic tool in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients is an appealing approach, at least in theory, since it is noninvasi... | [
"nanoplasmonics",
"biosensors",
"liquid biopsy",
"Cancer personalized profiling by deep sequencing",
"CAPP-Seq",
"electrochemical sensors"
] | [
"existing methods for ctDNA detection are restricted to genetic mutations.",
"Recently, nanoplasmonics has emerged as a platform for one-step dual detection with high sensitivity and specificity.",
"These results demonstrate that the sensor can simultaneously detect the hot-spot mutation and epigenetic changes ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25220802",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26539452",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24705333",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25489581",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20970979"
] | [] | [] |
52bf1d2e03868f1b0600000c | factoid | Which gene is associated with Muenke syndrome? | [
"Muenke syndrome has been related to a mutation on the Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor (FGFR3) gene."
] | [
"Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 3 (FGFR3)"
] | [
"Abstract Muenke is a fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR-3) associated syndrome, which was first described in late 1990s. ",
"The syndrome is defined molecularly by a unique point mutation c.749C>G in exon 7 of the FGFR3 gene which results to an amino acid substitution p.Pro250Arg of the protein product. "... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15241680",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17036334",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19449410",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17103449",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24168007",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19215249",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/diseasome/resource/diseasome/associatedGene",
"s": "http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/diseasome/resource/diseases/3212",
"o": "http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/diseasome/resource/genes/FGFR3"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label",
"s": "h... | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:225"
] |
52bf1aa503868f1b06000006 | yesno | Is it safe to use Abatacept during pregnancy? | [
"It is not safe to use the drug abatacept during pregnancy, since there is very limited experience/knowledge yet. Additionally, it is recommended to withdraw the drug before pregnancy.",
"Prophylactic withdrawal of drugs before pregnancy is mandatory for abatacept."
] | [
"no"
] | [
"These patients were exposed to rituximab (anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody) or abatacept (fusion protein CTLA4Ig) during the first trimester of their pregnancies. No significant adverse effects or complications were observed during the pregnancies, and all three patients delivered healthy newborns. ",
"Despite thes... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21120498",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21346578",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18504282",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23292481",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19506586",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18819772",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A15515315",
"o": "308106"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#prefLabel",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/id/C2344752",
"o": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resour... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011248",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0007565",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0060136",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+... |
569e7e99ceceede94d000003 | summary | What is DeepCAGE? | [
"The cap analysis of gene expression (CAGE) technology has been established to detect transcriptional starting sites (TSSs) and expression levels by utilizing 5' cDNA tags and PCR. It has been reported that the amount of templates is proportional to the amplification efficiency of PCR. CAGE has been used as a key t... | [] | [
"The cap analysis of gene expression (CAGE) technology has been established to detect transcriptional starting sites (TSSs) and expression levels by utilizing 5' cDNA tags and PCR. It has been reported that the amount of templates is proportional to the amplification efficiency of PCR. CAGE has been used as a key t... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19074369",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20967606"
] | [] | [] |
56cdf3995795f9a73e00003a | yesno | Is STAT3 involved in EIF2AK2-dependent suppression of autophagy? | [
"STAT3 may act as a competitive inhibitor of EIF2AK2. Indeed, pharmacological or genetic inhibition of STAT3 stimulates EIF2AK2-dependent EIF2S1 phosphorylation and autophagy. Conversely, the overexpression of wild-type STAT3 as well as of STAT3 mutants that cannot be phosphorylated by JAK2 or are excluded from the... | [
"yes"
] | [
"STAT3 may act as a competitive inhibitor of EIF2AK2. Indeed, pharmacological or genetic inhibition of STAT3 stimulates EIF2AK2-dependent EIF2S1 phosphorylation and autophagy. Conversely, the overexpression of wild-type STAT3 as well as of STAT3 mutants that cannot be phosphorylated by JAK2 or are excluded from the... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23221979",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23084476"
] | [] | [] |
56bc77a3ac7ad10019000015 | factoid | RTS S AS01 vaccine was developed to prevent which disease? | [
"RTS,S/AS01 vaccine was developed for prevention of malaria."
] | [
"malaria"
] | [
"This randomized, double-blind study (NCT01323972) assessed consistency of three RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine batches formulated from commercial-scale purified antigen bulk lots in terms of anti-CS-responses induced.",
"Until now, only one candidate malaria vaccine RTS,S/AS01 has shown modest protection in phase 3 ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19859560",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25913272",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25007730",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21782519",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24468190",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23787092",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A0049608",
"o": "D004194"
}
] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D014612",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:4",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004194"
] |
569e6c68ca240fa209000001 | summary | What are the Topological Domains (TADs)? | [
"Topolological domains or TADs are megabase-sized local chromatin interaction domains which are a pervasive structural feature of the genome organization. These domains correlate with regions of the genome that constrain the spread of heterochromatin. The domains are stable across different cell types and highly co... | [] | [
"We identify large, megabase-sized local chromatin interaction domains, which we term 'topological domains', as a pervasive structural feature of the genome organization. These domains correlate with regions of the genome that constrain the spread of heterochromatin. The domains are stable across different cell typ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25274727",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22495300",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25409831"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002843"
] |
56c322d750c68dd416000004 | summary | What is the vibrational theory of olfaction? | [
"The vibrational theory of olfaction assumes that electron transfer occurs across odorants at the active sites of odorant receptors (ORs), serving as a sensitive measure of odorant vibrational frequencies, ultimately leading to olfactory perception. The theory proposes that olfactory receptors respond not to the sh... | [] | [
"The vibrational theory of olfaction assumes that electron transfer occurs across odorants at the active sites of odorant receptors (ORs), serving as a sensitive measure of odorant vibrational frequencies, ultimately leading to olfactory perception.",
"It proposes that olfactory receptors respond not to the shape... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8985605",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25901328"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D014732",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D055696",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0007608",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact... |
56a375f8496b62f23f000002 | yesno | Are CTCF and BORIS involved in genome regulation and cancer? | [
"Yes. CTCF is ubiquitously expressed and plays diverse roles in gene regulation, imprinting, insulation, intra/interchromosomal interactions, nuclear compartmentalisation, and alternative splicing. CTCF has a single paralogue, the testes-specific CTCF-like gene (CTCFL)/BORIS. CTCF and BORIS can be deregulated in ca... | [
"yes"
] | [
"CTCF is ubiquitously expressed and plays diverse roles in gene regulation, imprinting, insulation, intra/interchromosomal interactions, nuclear compartmentalisation, and alternative splicing. CTCF has a single paralogue, the testes-specific CTCF-like gene (CTCFL)/BORIS. CTCF and BORIS can be deregulated in cancer.... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16140943",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17962299",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16140944",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21811597",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21465478",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24657531",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
56c06ef5ef6e39474100001e | summary | What is the application of the ASSET algorithm in C.elegans? | [
"ASSET (Algorithm for the Segmentation and the Standardization of C. elegans Time-lapse recordings) is a robust algorithm for the automated segmentation and standardization of early Caenorhabditis elegans embryos. It gathers quantitative information with subcellular precision in the early Caenorhabditis elegans emb... | [] | [
"ASSET: a robust algorithm for the automated segmentation and standardization of early Caenorhabditis elegans embryos.",
"The early Caenorhabditis elegans embryo is an attractive model to investigate evolutionarily conserved cellular mechanisms. However, there is a paucity of automated methods to gather quantitat... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21089077"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000465",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D017173"
] |
5709e947cf1c32585100001d | yesno | Are Sidekick proteins members of the immunoglobulin superfamily? | [
"Yes, sidekick are cell adhesion molecules of the immunoglobulin superfamily."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Here we show that four closely related immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) adhesion molecules--Dscam (Down's syndrome cell adhesion molecule), DscamL (refs 6-9), Sidekick-1 and Sidekick-2",
"Sidekick-1, a cell adhesion molecule of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is up-regulated in glomerular podocytes in the colla... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15703275",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18216854"
] | [] | [] |
553a9aa3f321868558000004 | summary | What are the pyknons? | [
"Using an unsupervised pattern-discovery method, the human intergenic and intronic regions were processed and all variable-length patterns with identically conserved copies and multiplicities above what is expected by chance were catalogued. Among the millions of discovered patterns, a subset of 127,998 patterns wa... | [] | [
"Using an unsupervised pattern-discovery method, we processed the human intergenic and intronic regions and catalogued all variable-length patterns with identically conserved copies and multiplicities above what is expected by chance. Among the millions of discovered patterns, we found a subset of 127,998 patterns,... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19452047",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19229130",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16636294",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16751093"
] | [] | [] |
517a8bab8ed59a060a000040 | list | Which deiodinases are best known to be present in brain? | [
"All the 3 deiodinases (Type 1, Type 2 and Type 3 deiodinase) are present in the \"brain\" but Type 1 deiodinase is only found in neurohypophysis that cannot be actually considered true \"brain tissue\"."
] | [
"Type 2 deiodinase",
"Type 3 deiodinase"
] | [
"In brain, the presence of type III iodothyronine deiodinase (D3) seems to be important to maintain homeostasis of T(3) levels.",
"We were able to detect a protein fragment corresponding to the expected molecular mass (30 kDa) for type III deiodinase by means of Western blot analysis. RT-PCR as well as Northern b... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22294745",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16728541",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8663170",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7768329",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10426574",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22719854",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [] | [] |
5149a61ed24251bc05000044 | list | What are the computational methods for the prediction of beta-barrel transmembrane proteins? | [
"Computational tools have been developed for beta-barrel transmembrane protein discrimination, topology prediction and prediction of their structural features.\nInitial methods developed for the prediction of the transmembrane beta strands were based on hydrophobicity analysis, using sliding windows along the seque... | [
"BBF",
"beta-barrel finder",
"BETAWARE",
"BOCTOPUS",
"BOMP",
"BTMX",
"Beta barrel TransMembrane eXposure",
"HHomp",
"HMM-B2TMR",
"OMBBpred",
"PROFtmb",
"PRED-TMBB",
"TMB-Hunt",
"TBBPred",
"TMBETAPRED-RBF",
"TMBHMM",
"TransFold",
"TMBpro",
"TMBKNN",
"Wimley",
"TMBETA-NET"
] | [
"BETAWARE: a machine-learning tool to detect and predict transmembrane beta-barrel proteins in prokaryotes",
"Recently, we developed two top-performing methods based on machine-learning approaches to tackle both the detection of TMBBs in sets of proteins and the prediction of their topology. Here, we present our ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15647112",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16844989",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23530628",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15980447",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15162482",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19153681",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0016021",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012984"
] |
56b8a525156496395c000002 | summary | Describe what is the usage of the Theatre software tool for genomic analysis. | [
"Theatre is a web-based computing system designed for the comparative analysis of genomic sequences, especially with respect to motifs likely to be involved in the regulation of gene expression. Theatre is an interface to commonly used sequence analysis tools and biological sequence databases to determine or predic... | [] | [
"Theatre is a web-based computing system designed for the comparative analysis of genomic sequences, especially with respect to motifs likely to be involved in the regulation of gene expression. Theatre is an interface to commonly used sequence analysis tools and biological sequence databases to determine or predic... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12824356"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012984",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D023281"
] |
56f3eebd2ac5ed1459000016 | summary | How are CRM (cis-regulatory modules) defined? | [
"Eukaryotic genes are often regulated by several transcription factors whose binding sites are tightly clustered and form cis-regulatory modules.",
"In many species, especially higher eukaryotes, transcription factor binding sites tend to occur as homotypic or heterotypic clusters, also known as cis-regulatory mo... | [] | [
"Eukaryotic genes are often regulated by several transcription factors whose binding sites are tightly clustered and form cis-regulatory modules.",
"In many species, especially higher eukaryotes, transcription factor binding sites tend to occur as homotypic or heterotypic clusters, also known as cis-regulatory mo... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25268582",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17711474",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21152003",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14534164",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15757364",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15883375",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
54cb9c94f693c3b16b000005 | factoid | Which is the main regulatory molecule of SERCA2A function in the cardiac muscle? | [
"SERCA2a activity is regulated by phosphorylation of another SR protein, Phospholamban (PLN). Phospholamban (PLB) inhibits the activity of SERCA2a, the Ca(2+)-ATPase in cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum, by decreasing the apparent affinity of the enzyme for Ca(2+)."
] | [
"Phospholamban",
"PLN",
"plb"
] | [
"SR Ca-transport is mediated by the SR Ca-ATPase (SERCA2a) and its regulatory phosphoprotein, phospholamban (PLN). Dephosphorylated PLN is an inhibitor of SERCA2a and phosphorylation by protein kinase A (PKA) or calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinases (CAMKII) relieves these inhibitory effects.",
"SERCA2a ac... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23710633",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25451386",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19112098",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18971376",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19948724",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10555147",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
5519113b622b19434500000f | factoid | Which gene is responsible for the development of the Mowat-Wilson syndrome? | [
"Mowat-Wilson syndrome is a genetic disease caused by heterozygous mutations or deletions of the zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2) gene.",
"Nonsense mutations of the ZFHX1B gene in two Japanese girls with Mowat-Wilson syndromezfhz1b is the causative gene for Mowat-Wilson syndrome, in which patients demo... | [
"ZFHX1B",
"ZEB2",
"SIP-1"
] | [
"The cause of MWS is a de novo mutation in the ZEB2 gene.",
"zfhz1b is the causative gene for Mowat-Wilson syndrome, in which patients demonstrate developmental delay and Hirschsprung disease, as well as other anomalies.",
"Intrahepatic biliary anomalies in a patient with Mowat-Wilson syndrome uncover a role fo... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15908750",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21336163",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24282181",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19842203",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17932455",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24092421",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
531d6bfc267d7dd053000007 | list | How is active neurotoxin of Clostridium botulinum detected? | [
"Active neurotoxin of Clostridium botulinum can be detected by:\nmouse lethality assay\nby mass spectrometry\nbioassay\ndifferentiated cell models\npeptide cleavage assay\nFDC (functional dual coating) microtitre plate immuno-biochemical assay\nendopeptidase activity monitored via UV-Visible spectroscopy"
] | [
"mouse lethality assay",
"by mass spectrometry",
"bioassay",
"differentiated cell models",
"peptide cleavage assay",
"FDC (functional dual coating) microtitre plate immuno-biochemical assay",
"endopeptidase activity monitored via UV-Visible spectroscopy"
] | [
"The neurotoxin detection is based on the mouse lethality assay. ",
"which could be shown by bioassay to produce biologically active type B toxin in culture.",
"Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) hold great promise for providing various differentiated cell models for in vitro toxigenicity testing. ",
... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23925142",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22223483",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18571757",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7989542",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23518650",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16318699",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009498",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:11976",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0014865",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D... |
56d19a363975bb303a000017 | factoid | Which factor interacts with Treslin/TICRR throughout the cell cycle of human cells? | [
"MDM two binding protein (MTBP) is a factor that interacts with Treslin/TICRR throughout the cell cycle. MTBP depletion by means of small interfering RNA inhibits DNA replication by preventing assembly of the CMG (Cdc45-MCM-GINS) holohelicase during origin firing. Although MTBP has been implicated in the function o... | [
"MDM two binding protein (MTBP)"
] | [
"We identified MDM two binding protein (MTBP) as a factor that interacts with Treslin/TICRR throughout the cell cycle. We show that MTBP depletion by means of small interfering RNA inhibits DNA replication by preventing assembly of the CMG (Cdc45-MCM-GINS) holohelicase during origin firing. Although MTBP has been i... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23704573"
] | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TICRR_XENLA",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TICRR_MOUSE",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TICRR_DANRE",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TICRR_HUMAN"
] |
56ecffd62ac5ed1459000003 | summary | What is oprozomib? | [
"Oprozomib is a second-generation, highly-selective, orally administered proteasome inhibitor with promising activity against multiple myeloma.\nOprozomib directly inhibited OC formation and bone resorption in vitro, while enhancing osteogenic differentiation and matrix mineralization. Oprozomib increased trabecula... | [] | [
"Carfilzomib and ONX 0912 inhibit cell survival and tumor growth of head and neck cancer and their activities are enhanced by suppression of Mcl-1 or autophagy.",
"ONX 0912 (oprozomib) is an orally bioavailable derivative. ",
"Carfilzomib and ONX 0912 potently induced apoptosis in HNSCC cell lines via upregulat... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24915039",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24471924",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22763387",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24712303",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24135407",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22929803",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D061988"
] |
52b2f3b74003448f5500000c | yesno | Is there a relationship between junctin and ryanodine receptors? | [
"Yes, junctin binds to ryanodine receptors within the junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum of calcium release units, and normally acts as an activator of RyR channels at low luminal [Ca(2+)], and as an inhibitor at high luminal [Ca(2+)]."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Junctin, a 26 kDa intra-sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) protein, forms a quaternary complex with triadin, calsequestrin and the ryanodine receptor (RyR) at the junctional SR membrane. ",
"Junctin ablation appears to affect how RyRs 'sense' SR Ca(2+) load, resulting in decreased diastolic SR Ca(2+) leak despite an el... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19230141",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22025663",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24257462",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19448693",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11162129",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19398037"
] | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A8400276",
"o": "C498842"
},
{
"p": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/altMetaMap",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/id/C1454076",
"o": "http://linkedlifedata.com... | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RYR1_RABIT",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D019837",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RYR3_MOUSE",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RYR2_RABIT",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RYR2_MOUSE",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi... |
5149f494d24251bc0500004c | factoid | Which medication should be administered when managing patients with suspected acute opioid overdose? | [
"Naloxone is opioid anagonist that should be administered for all patients with suspected acute opioid overdose. Intravenous naltrexone hydrochloride is usually administered, however, other formulations, including enteral methylnaltrexone, nebulized naloxone and subcutaneous naloxone, are under investigation and ca... | [
"naloxone"
] | [
"Opioid overdose has a high mortality, but is often reversible with appropriate overdose management and naloxone (opioid antagonist). ",
"Training clinicians how to manage an opioid overdose and administer naloxone was effective.",
"For patients who have ingested dextromethorphan and are sedated or comatose, na... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9562190",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8907145",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11015242",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11130352",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1470965",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21044832",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D062787",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000701",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009292"
] |
56c33e5695c1e7cc5b000001 | list | In which nuclear compartments is heterochromatin located? | [
"This compartment localizes into three main regions: the peripheral heterochromatin, perinucleolar heterochromatin, and pericentromeric heterochromatin. Silencing appears to be associated with histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3), DNA methylation and the localization of the silenced gene to a specific nucle... | [
"peripheral heterochromatin",
"perinucleolar heterochromatin",
"pericentromeric heterochromatin"
] | [
"This compartment localizes into three main regions: the peripheral heterochromatin, perinucleolar heterochromatin, and pericentromeric heterochromatin",
"By separating cells according to transgene expression we show here that silencing appears to be associated with histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3), D... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23834025",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16254244",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12432450",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22251972",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20026667",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19889207",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0051276",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0070828",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000785",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000792",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031507",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mes... |
53552ed7f1005d6b58000001 | yesno | Have mutations in the ZEB2 gene been found in any human syndrome? | [
"Yes, the Mowat-Wilson syndrome"
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Mowat-Wilson syndrome is a genetic disease caused by heterozygous mutations or deletions of the zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2) gene",
"Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS; OMIM#235730) have characteristic facial features, a variety of congenital anomalies such as Hirschsprung disease, and intellectual disabi... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17958891",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19842203",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17203459",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23523603",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23243526",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24029077",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ZEB2_HUMAN",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ZEB2_MOUSE"
] |
5547a7e9f35db75526000006 | list | Which enzymes are involved in global genome nucleotide excision repair (GG-NER) in bacteria? | [
"Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is universally used to recognize and remove many types of DNA damage. In eubacteria, the NER system typically consists of UvrA, UvrB, UvrC, the UvrD helicase, DNA polymerase I, and ligase. Damage recognition during bacterial NER depends upon UvrA, which binds to the damage and loa... | [
"UvrA",
"UvrB",
"UvrC nuclease",
"UvrD 1A helicase",
"DNA polymerase I",
"Ligase",
"Cho nuclease (instead of UvrC)",
"PcrA helicase (instead of Uvrd, in gram-positive bacteria)"
] | [
"we evaluated the in vivo role of NER in the repair of DNA adducts generated by psoralens (mono- or bi-functional) and UV-A light (PUVA) in E. coli. Cultures of wild-type E. coli K12 and mutants for uvrA, uvrB, uvrC or uvrAC genes were treated with PUVA and cell survival was determined.",
"Nucleotide excision rep... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20004108",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19617358",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19933360",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24290807",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23963890",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23245695",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0000720",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0000109",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0006289",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0070911",
"htt... |
52b2f1724003448f5500000b | yesno | Is JTV519 (K201) a potential drug for the prevention of arrhythmias? | [
"Yes, JTV519 has antiarrhythmic properties."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"We compared the suppressive effect of K201 (JTV519), a multiple-channel blocker and cardiac ryanodine receptor-calcium release channel (RyR2) stabilizer, with that of diltiazem, a Ca(2+ )channel blocker, in 2 studies of isoproterenol-induced (n = 30) and ischemic-reperfusion-induced VAs (n = 38) in rats. ",
"Aft... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20581784",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15584870",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21291389",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22001562",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23144205",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22563249",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A16995906",
"o": "C109183"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#literalForm",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A17004235",
"o": "JTV-519"
},
{
"p"... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000889"
] |
51718fbc8ed59a060a000010 | summary | What is the mechanism of microRNA deregulation in carcinogenesis? | [
"MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous non-protein coding single-stranded RNAs (19–25 nucleotides in length) generated from cleavage of larger non-coding RNAs by the ribonuclease III enzyme Dicer. They become part of the RNA-induced silencing complex and negatively regulate gene expression by binding to homologous 3'-... | [] | [
"MicroRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression by interacting with the 3'UTR of protein-coding mRNA. MicroRNAs are implicated in nearly all major biological and cellular events, and recent findings further link microRNA deregulation to human carcinogenesis.",
"MiR-657 pro... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23087084",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22293089",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23209884",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23509776",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20221895",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22303357",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D035683"
] |
56cdf3e55795f9a73e00003c | factoid | Which type of GTPases is required for amino acid-dependent activation of mTORC1? | [
"Heterodimeric Rag GTPases are required for amino-acid-mediated mTORC1 activation at the lysosome",
"Amino acids act through the heterodimeric Rag GTPases (RagA or RagB bound to RagC or RagD) in order to promote the translocation of mTORC1 to the lysosomal surface, its site of activation."
] | [
"Heterodimeric Rag GTPases"
] | [
"Heterodimeric Rag GTPases are required for amino-acid-mediated mTORC1 activation at the lysosome",
"Amino acids stimulate, in a Rag-, Ragulator-, and vacuolar adenosine triphosphatase-dependent fashion, the translocation of mTORC1 to the lysosomal surface, where it interacts with its activator Rheb",
"mTORC1 p... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24698685",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25263562",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24081491",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22424946",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24337580",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24095279",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
570921e4cf1c325851000017 | list | In which genomic regions are Alu enriched? | [
"There are regions such as the four homeobox gene clusters, which are nearly devoid of these repeats that contrast with repeat dense regions in other transcriptionally active regions of the genome. Alu elements are more clustered in genes which are involved in metabolism, transport, and signaling processes. In cont... | [
"genes which are involved in metabolism, transport, and signaling processes",
"gene conversion-prone regions"
] | [
"There are regions such as the four homeobox gene clusters, which are nearly devoid of these repeats that contrast with repeat dense regions in other transcriptionally active regions of the genome.",
"These elements are more clustered in genes which are involved in metabolism, transport, and signaling processes. ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2716062",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12777511",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6165649",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23420552",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12832639",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11884141"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020087"
] |
54df695b1388e8454a000004 | factoid | What is the synonym of the lubag disease? | [
"Lubag disease is also known as X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism (XDP). This disease is characterized by dystonia and parkinsonism, and afflicts Filipino men, and rarely, women originating principally from the Panay Island."
] | [
"X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism"
] | [
"IMPORTANCE: Despite recessive inheritance, X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism (Lubag disease) has also been described in women presenting with a late-onset isolated parkinsonian syndrome.",
"Anesthesia for deep brain stimulation in a patient with X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism/Lubag disease.",
"Lubag disease is a ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12465067",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12471465",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1672807",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21047175",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23614923",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18609312",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [] |
56bcdf1ad36b5da378000009 | list | Dracorhodin perchlorate was tested for treatment of which cancers? | [
"Dracorhodin perchlorate induce apoptosis in prostate cancer, gastric tumor, melanoma and premyelocytic leukemia."
] | [
"prostate cancer",
"gastric tumor",
"melanoma",
"premyelocytic leukemia"
] | [
"Dracorhodin perchlorate induced human breast cancer MCF-7 apoptosis through mitochondrial pathways.",
"It was reported that DP could induce apoptosis in human prostate cancer, human gastric tumor cells and human melanoma, but the cytotoxic effect of DP on human breast cancer was not investigated.",
"CONCLUSION... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23869191",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15215653",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16864444",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22711363",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15684474",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21505988"
] | [] | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#:4016161",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4016161"
] |
550331abe9bde69634000037 | summary | What is the role of venous angioplasty in multiple sclerosis? | [
"Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) may be an important factor in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). The proposed treatment for CCSVI is percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, also known as the 'liberation procedure', which is claimed to improve the blood flow in the brain, thereby allevia... | [] | [
"Balloon angioplasty corrects blood pressure deviation in multiple sclerosis patients undergoing internal jugular vein dilation.",
"PURPOSE: To investigate prevalence of extracranial abnormalities in azygos and internal jugular (IJ) veins using conventional venography and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) in patien... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22687168",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21059535",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23563645",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21803799",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21487978",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21856578",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:2377"
] |
54f42f2764850a5854000005 | yesno | Are the Fanconi anemia genes a part of the same signalling pathway? | [
"The FA genes code for proteins that act in complexes to coordinate the repair of damaged DNA ",
"The FA genes code for proteins that act in complexes to coordinate the repair of damaged DNAMutations in at least 14 different genes have been shown to cause FA",
"Mutations in at least 14 different genes have bee... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Mutations in at least 14 different genes have been shown to cause FA",
"The FA genes code for proteins that act in complexes to coordinate the repair of damaged DNA",
" The current review describes the structure and function of the Fanconi anemia genes and describes the role of the encoded Fanconi anemia prote... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23333482",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15611632",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21557222",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11157805",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10088637",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20407210",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:13636",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:1062",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005199",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D051856",
"http:/... |
56f160a52ac5ed1459000013 | yesno | Are there clinical trials using stem cells for the treatment of cardiac disease? | [
"Yes, there exists clinical trials for cardiac stem cell based treatment.",
"Yes, there are several clinical trials on the use of stem cells for the treatment of cardiac (heart) disease."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Therapy with mesenchymal stem cells is one of the promising tools to improve outcomes after myocardial infarction. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are an ideal source of mesenchymal stem cells due to their abundance and ease of preparation.",
"Furthermore, several ongoing clinical trials using ASCs are produci... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23746978",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25858066",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25984329",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19804333",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25169179",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23773460",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D039902",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D006331",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013234",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/a... |
54d9f7894b1fd0d33c00000a | yesno | Is DNA methylation an epigenetic modification of chromatin related to gene expression? | [
"Epigenetic changes such as DNA methylation alter gene expression at the level of transcription by upregulating, downregulating, or silencing genes completely."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"DNA methylation is a chemical modification of DNA involved in the regulation of gene expression by controlling the access to the DNA sequence. ",
"Epigenetic marks such as DNA methylation play important biological roles in gene expression regulation and cellular differentiation during development.",
"DNA methy... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25512710",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25514241",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25534027",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22359296",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22078060",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25437055",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0010467",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0006306",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0000785"
] |
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