id stringlengths 24 24 | type stringclasses 4
values | body stringlengths 13 215 | ideal_answer listlengths 1 12 | exact_answer listlengths 0 44 | snippets listlengths 0 121 | documents listlengths 1 157 | triples listlengths 0 537 | concepts listlengths 0 99 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
530e1c985937551c09000004 | list | List common symptoms of patients with the DOORS syndrome. | [
"DOORS syndrome is a constellation of deafness, onychodystrophy, osteodystrophy, mental retardation, and seizures. It is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of unknown cause."
] | [
"deafness",
"onychodystrophy",
"osteodystrophy",
"mental retardation",
"seizures"
] | [
"Deafness, onychodystrophy, osteodystrophy, mental retardation, and seizures (DOORS) syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of unknown cause. ",
"Through a search of available case studies and communication with collaborators, we identified families that included at least one individual with at least thr... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24291220"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013568",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:225",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012816",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exa... |
56f403d009dd18d46b000004 | summary | Which is the most well-accepted method for Down syndrome non-invasive prenatal diagnosis? | [
"Currently, two applications for NIPD of Down syndrome have been developed with potential and have displayed positive results; the NIPD using next-generation sequencing technologies and the NIPD using the methylated DNA immunoprecipitation (MeDIP) real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). This study ... | [] | [
"Potential of syncytiotrophoblasts isolated from the cervical mucus for early non-invasive prenatal diagnosis",
"Maternal serum protein profile and immune response protein subunits as markers for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of trisomy 21, 18, and 13",
"Maternal serum protein profiling using proteomics may a... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25218787",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22500647",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22839575",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18207470",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12498419",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21303301",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004314",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:14250",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011296"
] |
512d2fff5274a5fb07000006 | factoid | Is the H3K4me3 histone mark related to transcriptional initiation or elongation? | [
"H3K4me3 is associated with transcriptionally active genes, but its function in the transcription process is still unclear. It is well known to occur in the promoter region of genes for transcription activation but its levels correlate positively with the antisense expression levels of the associated sense genes im... | [
"transcriptional initiation"
] | [
"The histone marks appeared mainly in generic regions and were enriched around the transcription start sites (TSSs) of genes",
"Trimethylation of histone H3 Lys 4 (H3K4me3) is a mark of active and poised promoters.",
"Histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) is well known to occur in the promoter region of ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22855832",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21435340",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22132139",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23284292",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22768981",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22904080",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D035165",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020871",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4250488",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&ter... |
5326a85ad6d3ac6a3400000b | factoid | What does polyadenylate-binding protein 4 (PABP4) bind to? | [
"PABP4 binds mRNA poly(A) tails."
] | [
"PABP4 binds mRNA poly(A) tails."
] | [
"RNA binding proteome",
"In vertebrates, poly(A) binding protein (PABP) is known to exist in five different isoforms.",
"Cytoplasmic poly(A)-binding proteins (PABPs) regulate mRNA stability and translation. ",
" poly(A) binding proteins 1 and 4 (PABPC1 and PABPC4)",
"Cytoplasmic poly(A) binding protein 4 (P... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23938467",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18467502",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21518916",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22884093",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23300856",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14717712",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://purl.uniprot.org/core/encodedBy",
"s": "http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q13310",
"o": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/#_5131333331300025"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#altLabel",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/#_5131333331300025",
"o": "APP1"... | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0006378",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D026723",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0005515",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+... |
515db3d8298dcd4e51000015 | factoid | What is the average diameter of intermediate filaments? | [
"Intermediate filaments have an average diameter of 10 nanometers (nm)."
] | [
"10 nanometers",
"10 nm"
] | [
"Negative staining showed that supernatants from the centrifugation assays contained protofilaments, protofibrils and short particles (less than 300 nm), but pellets contained long filaments (greater than 1 micron) with an average diameter of 10 nm.",
"Ultrastructurally, rhabdoid cells showed paranuclear aggregat... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18523546",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17289402",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22126386",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22848616",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18726512",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15373777",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#literalForm",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A0059267",
"o": "Filaments, Intermediate"
}
] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D007382"
] |
56a3a8c7496b62f23f000009 | summary | Elaborate on the association between Genomic Regulatory Blocks (GRBs) and target genes | [
"Genomic regulatory blocks (GRBs) are chromosomal regions spanned by highly conserved non-coding elements (HCNEs), most of which serve as regulatory inputs of one target gene in the region. The target genes are most often transcription factors involved in embryonic development and differentiation. GRBs often contai... | [] | [
"Recent functional studies have demonstrated that many microRNAs (miRNAs) are expressed by RNA polymerase II in a specific spatiotemporal manner during the development of organisms and play a key role in cell-lineage decisions and morphogenesis. They are therefore functionally related to a number of key protein cod... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19969543",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17387144",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17989259",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21619633",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19374772"
] | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A0027269",
"o": "D001244"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A0027288",
"o": "D001244"
}
] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005796",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005809",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D053263"
] |
52fb20a32059c6d71c00005d | summary | Which therapeutic interventions for sarcopenia have been applied | [
"The main bulk of experimental pharmacological interventions addressing the clinical problem of frailty have been focused on the use of hormones, as replacement therapy in subjects with low or normal circulating basal levels of the hormone. Results have been disappointing, except for the case of testosterone that h... | [] | [
"The main bulk of experimental pharmacological interventions addressing the clinical problem of frailty have been focused on the use of hormones, as replacement therapy in subjects with low or normal circulating basal levels of the hormone. Results have been disappointing, except for the case of testosterone that h... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20852673",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20223299",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24079768"
] | [
{
"p": "http://data.linkedct.org/resource/linkedct/condition",
"s": "http://data.linkedct.org/resource/trials/NCT00557388",
"o": "http://data.linkedct.org/resource/condition/11756"
},
{
"p": "http://data.linkedct.org/resource/linkedct/condition_name",
"s": "http://data.linkedct.org/resource/... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016033",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D055948"
] |
52d783bf98d0239505000001 | summary | What is the genetic basis of progeria? | [
"Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome is a rare, sporadic, autosomal dominant syndrome that involves premature aging, generally leading to death at approximately 13 years of age due to myocardial infarction or stroke. \tThe genetic basis of most cases of this syndrome is a change from glycine GGC to glycine GGT in ... | [] | [
"Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome is a syndrome that involves premature aging, leading usually to death at the age between 10 to 14 years predominatly due to a myocardial infarction or a stroke",
"The genetic basis in most cases is a mutation at the nucleotide position 1824 of the lamin A gene",
"At this po... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24019745",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17677003",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2687104",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6214719",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21217880",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18256394",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A18467534",
"o": "C536073"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#prefLabel",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/id/C2931103",
"o": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resou... | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:37",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D014898",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:0050325",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:3911",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_... |
51680a6d298dcd4e51000063 | factoid | What is the function of cryptochrome-1 in mouse? | [
"Cryptochrome-1 (Cry1) is an essential component of the central and peripheral circadian clocks for generation of circadian rhythms in mice."
] | [
"component of the central and peripheral circadian clocks for generation of circadian rhythms in mice"
] | [
"Malfunction of the circadian clock has been linked to the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases. We show that mice lacking the core clock components Cryptochrome-1 (Cry1) and Cryptochrome-2 (Cry2) (Cry-null mice) show salt-sensitive hypertension due to abnormally high synthesis of the mineralocorticoid aldosterone... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19858287",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16731656",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12381662",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16061665",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19833968",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12495442",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#literalForm",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A3879881",
"o": "function"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A7582711",
"o": "http://www.w3.org/2008/... | [] |
56c1f00fef6e394741000040 | summary | Describe July Effect. | [
"The July effect is the hypothetical increase in morbidity and mortality thought to be associated with the influx of new (or newly promoted) trainees during the first portion of the academic year (in July)."
] | [] | [
"It is unclear, however, if this difference was related to climatological changes or inexperienced medical trainees (the July effect). ",
" Given the nonteaching nature of these hospitals, the findings demonstrate that increases in the rate of SSI during the summer are more likely related to ecological and/or env... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20145785",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24152859",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25633735",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20512532",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24578770",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25374038",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
5540ca8a0083d1bf0e000003 | factoid | Which intermediate filament (IF) protein can be used as a non-specific marker of the neuronal precursor cells of the subventricular zone? | [
"Nestin can be used as a nonspecific marker protein for precursor cells in the subventricular zone (SVZ). Nestin is a unique intermediate filament protein. While it is robustly expressed in developing brain, postnatal expression is limited to the brain's SVZ."
] | [
"Nestin"
] | [
"Nestin is a unique intermediate filament protein. While it is robustly expressed in developing brain, postnatal expression is limited to the brain's subventricular zone (SVZ)",
"nestin, a marker protein for precursor cells in the subventricular zone",
"adult subventricular zone (SVZ) stem and progenitor cells ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21527990",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23131160",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20552272",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15458607",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16567040",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16647786",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0005882",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0021849"
] |
51585b28d24251bc0500008d | factoid | Which enzyme is involved in the maintenance of DNA (cytosine-5-)-methylation? | [
"The mammalian DNA (cytosine-5) methyltransferase 1, DNMT1 is the major enzyme responsible for the maintenance of the DNA methylation patterns on the newly synthesized strand after DNA replication. DNMT1 prefers hemimethylated DNA and during DNA replication methylates hemimethylated CpG sites by copying methylation... | [
"DNMT1",
"MET1"
] | [
"his defect does not appear in mouse models with mutations in Dnmt3a and Mthfr genes and, therefore, it is specific for the Dnmt1 gene and is suggestive of a role of DNMT1 in imprint resetting or maintenance in the male germ line.",
"Specificity of Dnmt1 for methylation of hemimethylated CpG sites resides in its ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21268065",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19468253",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7638194",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20506537",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18536530",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17312023",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CMT1_MAIZE",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0010216",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D019175",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0090116",
"http://www.uniprot.org/u... |
5321b4959b2d7acc7e000007 | yesno | Is transcapillary albumin escape altered in diabetic patients? | [
"An altered TERalb is present in type 2 diabetic patients, both with normal and altered patterns of AER.\nTERalb is increased also in normo-albuminuric type 1 diabetic patients."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"On the contrary, altered TERalb and increased carotid artery intimal thickness are shown by all hypertensive type 2 diabetic patients, both with normal and altered patterns of AER.",
"Altered systemic capillary permeability characterizes insulin-resistant hypertensive patients with Metabolic Syndrome.",
"TERal... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2060321",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21219847",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15616033",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2951101",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2949917",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3522326",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.g... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013812",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012709",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D058065",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
516c0ebc298dcd4e5100006e | list | Which genes does thyroid hormone receptor beta1 regulate in the liver? | [
"LDL receptor\"//\n\"ChREBP\"//\n\"ME\", \"malic enzyme\"//\n\"cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase\"//"
] | [
"LDL receptor",
"ChREBP",
"Carbohydrate response element binding protein",
"ME",
"malic enzyme",
"cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase"
] | [
"our data suggests that TRbeta1-mediated down regulation of hepatic LDLr gene may play a critical role in iodine excess-induced hypercholesterolemic effects.",
"These data suggest that ChREBP mRNA expression is positively regulated by TR-beta1 and TH at the transcriptional level in mammals. This novel observation... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19916081",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9224811",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9832432",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19324998",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10319950"
] | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/THBA_XENLA",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/THB_SHEEP",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/THB_PAROL",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/THB_CHICK",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/THBB_XENLA",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/THB_DANRE",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/THB_RA... |
553d02c1f321868558000012 | yesno | Are conserved noncoding elements associated with developmental genes? | [
"Yes. Numerous studies suggest that conserved noncoding elements span developmental regulatory genes and define regulatory domains."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Some characteristics of CNEs include their high frequency in mammalian genomes, their potential regulatory role in gene expression, and their enrichment in gene deserts nearby master developmental genes",
"we review recent findings that disruptions of CNEs, within or at long distance from the coding sequences of... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18282512",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16630819",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19562753",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21175683",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18279518",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16533910",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0051094",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0048589",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D050437",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:... |
515dd3d5298dcd4e5100001c | factoid | In what proportion of children with heart failure has Enalapril been shown to be safe and effective? | [
"In children with heart failure evidence of the effect of enalapril is empirical. Enalapril was clinically safe and effective in 50% to 80% of for children with cardiac failure secondary to congenital heart malformations before and after cardiac surgery, impaired ventricular function , valvar regurgitation, conge... | [
"50% to 80%"
] | [
"The responses to IV KCl were attenuated by concomitant furosemide (p = 0.01), amphotericin B (p < 0.01), and KCl in parenteral nutrition (p < 0.01). The responses were augmented by concomitant enalapril",
"To determine whether an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, enalapril, prevents cardiac function... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1318542",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23124387",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8110005",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12530495",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9315539",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7576410",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.g... | [] | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4176194",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D006333",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:6000",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4249241",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+... |
55032d8be9bde69634000033 | yesno | Is myasthenia gravis associated with osteoporosis? | [
"Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a neuromuscular disease which has been associated with an increased risk of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Thymectomy can also increase risk for osteoporosis. Appropriate osteoporosis preventive measures can reduce osteoporosis risk in MG patients."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"We performed PVP in 4 patients with generalized MG associated with recent steroid-induced symptomatic VFs. ",
"In this case report, we used tacrolimus to successfully treat a 13-year-old boy with ocular MG who had suffered from severe steroid complications, including a failure of thrive and osteoporosis.",
" I... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15168159",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25122205",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25285145",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22531999",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16690366",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22840813",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:437",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:11476"
] |
54e262daae9738404b000018 | factoid | Which cell type has the protein Chromogranin A as marker? | [
"Chromogranin A is a marker for neuroendocrine cells"
] | [
"neuroendocrine cells"
] | [
"Neuroendocrine differentiation (chromogranin A and/or synaptophysin positivity) ",
"All paragangliomas were universally positive for chromogranin A ",
"chromogranin A (CGA) is a useful marker for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNET)",
"Together with Chromogranin B and Secretogranins, Chromogranin A (CGA) ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25532001",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25294372",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25294889",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25394660",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24888775",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24897131",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://purl.uniprot.org/core/reviewed",
"s": "http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/P33716",
"o": "true"
},
{
"p": "http://purl.uniprot.org/core/fullName",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/#_503333373136007",
"o": "Chromogranin-A"
},
{
"p": "http://purl.uniprot.org/core... | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CMGA_BOVIN",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000943",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4266983",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4262122",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&te... |
5540a8d20083d1bf0e000001 | yesno | Does a selective sweep increase genetic variation? | [
"Selective sweep is a phenomenon in which the fixation of strongly beneficial alleles within a population reduces genetic diversity at partially linked neutral loci. Reduced variation or deviations from neutrality, along with an excess of fixed replacement sites, are indicative of selective sweep."
] | [
"no"
] | [
"An East African population that gave rise to non-Africans underwent a selective sweep affecting the subcentromeric region where MTMR8 is located. This and similar sweeps in four other regions of the X chromosome, documented in the literature, effectively reduced genetic diversity of non-African chromosomes",
"a ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17396267",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21624997",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21076829",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16951057",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20352120",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22087274",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012641",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D014644"
] |
5713b0a51174fb175500000e | list | Which disease phenotypes are associated to PRPS1 mutations? | [
"X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 5 (CMTX5), Arts syndrome, and non-syndromic sensorineural deafness (DFN2) are allelic syndromes, caused by reduced activity of phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase 1 (PRS-I) due to loss-of-function mutations in PRPS1."
] | [
"X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 5 (CMTX5)",
"Arts syndrome",
"Non-syndromic sensorineural deafness (DFN2)"
] | [
"X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Arts syndrome, and prelingual non-syndromic deafness form a disease continuum: evidence from a family with a novel PRPS1 mutation",
"X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 5 (CMTX5), Arts syndrome, and non-syndromic sensorineural deafness (DFN2) are allelic syndromes, cau... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24528855",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23190330",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20380929",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24961627",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24285972"
] | [] | [] |
53329c84d6d3ac6a34000040 | yesno | Is indicated the use of antioxidant supplements in patients at risk for coronary artery disease? | [
"antioxidant supplementation \nHowever there are no clear evidencies on the clinical and prognostic benefit of this supplementation. \nCurrently there areno recommendation for the antioxidant therapy in patients with coronary artery disease.\nCurrently the American Heart Association recommends consumption of a bala... | [
"no"
] | [
"We and others have published observational epidemiologic studies in support of vitamins in the primary prevention of CVD, but the results from intervention studies are mixed.",
"For vitamin E, observational data suggest benefit at doses of 100 to 400 IU/d. Results from recent large-scale trials are mixed, with s... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19774218",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10575394",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8164066",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8650957",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23877741",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11944023",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000975",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:3393",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D023921",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:4248",
"http://... |
533c394ec45e13371400000c | summary | Which are the main functions of the human HuR (ELAVL1) protein in fibroblasts? | [
"HuR is an RNA-binding protein that can stabilize labile mRNAs containing AU-rich elements in their 3' untranslated regions and has been shown to shuttle between the nucleus and cytoplasm. HuR function was previously shown to be implicated in the maintenance of a \"young cell\" phenotype in models of replicative ce... | [] | [
"The H(2)O(2)-dependent sGCβ1 upregulation was attributable to sGCβ1 mRNA stabilization, conditioned by the translocation of the mRNA-binding protein HuR from the nucleus to the cytosol, and the increased mRNA binding of HuR to the sGCβ1 3' untranslated region.",
"HuR silencing reversed the effects of H(2)O(2) on... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12242302",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21816340",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23837869",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11486028",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12730239",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23401122",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ELV1A_XENLA",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ELAV1_MOUSE",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005347",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ELV1B_XENLA",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ELAV1_XENTR",
"http://www.uniprot.org/unipro... |
56c8605b5795f9a73e000014 | list | Which kinases does baricitinib inhibit? | [
"Baricitinib is an inhibitor of Janus kinase family of enzymes (JAKs) with selectivity for JAK1 and JAK2."
] | [
"JAK1",
"JAK2"
] | [
"Reversal of Alopecia Areata Following Treatment With the JAK1/2 Inhibitor Baricitinib.",
"A patient with AA was enrolled in a clinical trial to examine the efficacy of baricitinib, a JAK1/2 inhibitor, to treat concomitant CANDLE syndrome.",
"Baricitinib (also known as LY3009104 or INCB028050), a novel and pote... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24965573",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25431052",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26137574",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24818516",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23492738"
] | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/JAK2_PONAB",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/JAK2_PIG",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/JAK2_MOUSE",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/JAK2_CHICK",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/JAK2_RAT",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D05... |
552010076b348bb82c000015 | yesno | Is there evidence to suggest that triiodothyronine has neuroprotective properties in traumatic brain injury? | [
"Yes, it has been demonstrated that triiodothyronine exerts neuroprotective properties in traumatic brain injury setting."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Exogenous T3 administration provides neuroprotection in a murine model of traumatic brain injury.",
"Treatment with T3 (1.2μg/100g body weight, i.p.) 1h after TBI resulted in a significant improvement in motor and cognitive recovery after CCI, as well as in marked reduction of lesion volumes. ",
"Western blot ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9681483",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11719005",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12445968",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6798220",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23313345",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23601250",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [] | [] |
5319a80fb166e2b80600002b | summary | What is the role played by mTOR in hypertrophic response and heart failure? | [
"When subjected to pressure overload, mTOR-ablated mice demonstrated an impaired hypertrophic response and accelerated heart failure progression. Thus, mTOR complex 1 signaling plays an important role in myocardial response to stress, to regulate cardiomyocyte viability and heart failure."
] | [] | [
"Myocardial MTOR activity changes during hypertrophy and heart failure (HF).",
"When subjected to pressure overload, Mtor-ablated mice demonstrated an impaired hypertrophic response and accelerated HF progression.",
"Our results demonstrate a role for the MTORC1 signaling network in the myocardial response to s... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20644257"
] | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:11984",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/MTOR_HUMAN",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D054144",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D006321",
"http://www.nlm.nih.... |
553c011af321868558000009 | yesno | Is Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) a critical regulator of hematopoiesis? | [
"Yes. Lysine-specific demethylase 1 restricts hematopoietic progenitor proliferation and is essential for terminal differentiation of erythroid, granulomonocytic and megakaryocytic progenitors."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Histone lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) protein is involved in Sal-like protein 4 (SALL4)-mediated transcriptional repression in hematopoietic stem cells",
"shRNA-mediated knockdown of LSD1 in hematopoietic precursor cells resulted in altered SALL4 downstream gene expression and increased cellular activity"... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19497860",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19736520",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22699452",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22801375",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23795291",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22310283",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0035162",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0030097",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0033193"
] |
550899c92e93f0133a000003 | yesno | Is K-63 linked protein ubiquitination related to proteasomal degradation? | [
"Ubiquitination is best known for its role in targeting proteins for degradation by the proteasome, but evidence of the nonproteolytic functions of ubiquitin is also rapidly accumulating. One example of the regulatory, rather than proteolytic, function of ubiquitin is provided by study of the tumor necrosis factor ... | [
"no"
] | [
"In contrast to K48-linked polyubiquitin chains, K63-linked polyubiquitin chains function in nonproteasomal biological processes.",
"Modification of proteins by the addition of lysine (K)-63-linked polyubiquitin (polyUb) chains is suggested to play important roles in a variety of cellular events, including DNA re... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18042044",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21737094",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19091944",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21071436",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15728425",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20663875"
] | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0061136",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0016567",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0010498"
] |
56a7d32fa17756b72f000001 | yesno | Could transcription factors act as cell-cell signalling molecules? | [
"Yes. Recent data support the view that transcription factors - in particular, homeoproteins - can be transferred from cell to cell and have direct non-cell-autonomous (and therefore paracrine) activities.",
"Pax6 is a transcription factor essential for the development of tissues including the eyes, central nervo... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Pax6 is a transcription factor essential for the development of tissues including the eyes, central nervous system and endocrine glands of vertebrates and invertebrates. It regulates the expression of a broad range of molecules, including transcription factors, cell adhesion and short-range cell-cell signalling mo... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14570063",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12386935"
] | [
{
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"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A0057877",
"o": "D014157"
},
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"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A0127525",
"o": "D014157"
},
{
"p": "... | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0007267",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0006351",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D014157"
] |
550b0408c2af5d5b7000000c | list | Magnetic beads has been used in numerous applications. List some coatings used. | [
"aptamers\nenzymes\nstreptavidin\nconcanavalin A\ncarboxylic-modified \nTiO2\nantibodies\nSELEX library\nsynthesized DNA\nC18\nC8\noligo(dT)"
] | [
"aptamers",
"enzymes",
"streptavidin",
"concanavalin A",
"carboxylic-modified",
"TiO2",
"antibodies",
"SELEX library",
"synthesized DNA",
"C18",
"C8",
"oligo(dT)"
] | [
"aptamer-based magnetic separation system ",
"enzymes coated to magnetic beads",
" Aptamers are short, single-stranded (ss) oligonucleotidesable to recognize target molecules with high affinity. ",
" Recent developments involve immobilization of tagged enzymes onto magnetic nanoparticles. ",
"Using magnetic... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23326761",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22903707",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23176741",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23143268",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23021809",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23746403",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D059346",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D008280"
] |
52d7b45e98d0239505000002 | yesno | is pharmacological treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism effective in reducing cardiovascular events? | [
"whether SH confers a high risk for cardiovascular disease, and whether LT4 therapy has a long-term benefit that clearly outweighs the risks of overzealous treatment in these individuals, remain topics of controversy."
] | [
"no"
] | [
"The decision to treat elderly people is still an unresolved clinical challenge--first, due to a lack of appropriately powered randomized controlled trials of L-T4 in sHT patients, examining cardiovascular hard endpoints in various classes of age; and second, because of the negative effects of possible overtreatmen... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20807695",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16259335",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23559085",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16542047",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22529180",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16026106",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:114",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:1459",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013812",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002318",
"http://w... |
52e8e96698d023950500001f | yesno | Could Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia (CPVT)
cause sudden cardiac death? | [
"Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia (CPVT) can cause sudden cardiac death."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Two siblings died suddenly at the ages of 9 and 10 years",
"Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is a type of cardiac arrhythmia that occurs in people with a structurally normal heart. Stress or anxiety-induced release of endogenous catecholamines causes a dysfunction in the myocytic calc... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19564966",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24076290",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22119737",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18684293",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19601860",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21135804",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A11993336",
"o": "114251.0001"
},
{
"p": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/altMetaMap",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/id/C1861943",
"o": "http://linkedlifedat... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016757",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013610",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D017180"
] |
5312f0f0e3eabad02100000d | summary | What is the mechanism of action of DNA topoisomerase II inhibitors? | [
"DNA topoisomerase II inhibitors eliminate cancer cells by causing DNA double-strand breaks, finally leading to apoptotic cell death. Moreover, drug-induced histone eviction was also shown to be associated with attenuated DNA repair, epigenetic changes and transcpription deregulation."
] | [] | [
"DNA topoisomerase II inhibitors are a major class of cancer chemotherapeutics, which are thought to eliminate cancer cells by inducing DNA double-strand breaks.",
"We show that anthracyclines promote histone eviction irrespective of their ability to induce DNA double-strand breaks. The histone variant H2AX, whic... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23715267",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8824770"
] | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0008657",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D059003",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0003918",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+... |
517404878ed59a060a000023 | yesno | Are histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors good candidates to control metastasis of solid tumors? | [
"Yes, some HDAC inhibitors, such as Vorinostat, are on trial for human treatment after proving successful in animal models. Combination with other drugs is likely to be needed to control metastasis."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"JNJ-26481585 also fully inhibited the growth of C170HM2 colorectal liver metastases, whereas again 5-fluorouracil/Leucovorin showed modest activity.",
"Although not meeting the RECIST response criteria for adequate single-agent activity, the observed tolerable toxicities and the potential for clinical benefit in... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19417021",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20884621",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22279574",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21041383",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22038994",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22811583",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D056572"
] |
54f704b630767eb92e000001 | yesno | Is muscle lim protein (MLP) involved in cardiomyopathies? | [
"The skeletal muscle LIM protein 1 (SLIM1) is highly expressed in skeletal and cardiac muscle, and its expression is downregulated significantly in dilated human cardiomyopathy. Loss of murine MLP results in dilated cardiomyopathy, and mutations in human MLP lead to cardiac hypertrophy, indicating a critical role f... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Muscle LIM protein (MLP) has been proposed to be a central player in the pathogenesis of heart muscle disease. In line with this notion, the homozygous loss of MLP results in cardiac hypertrophy and dilated cardiomyopathy. Moreover, MLP is induced in several models of cardiac hypertrophy such as aortic banding and... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16228909",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22421737",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15978612",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15639480",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11788418",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21562304",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009202",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:0050700"
] |
56d1f790f22319765a000001 | factoid | Which gene harbors the mutation T790M? | [
"The T790M mutation refers to the mutation in exon 20 of the EGFR gene"
] | [
"EGFR",
"epidermal growth factor receptor"
] | [
"Nearly one half of all cases of acquired resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are due to the T790M mutation in EGFR exon 20. ",
"Two types of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in exon 19 and exon 21 (ex19del... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25667490",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25384171",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26056478",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25682017",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25806347",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25483995",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
52f3a9ef2059c6d71c000012 | summary | what is the role of FGF-2 in cardiac regeneration after myocardial infarction? | [
"Exogenous FGF-2 was shown to increase angiogenesis and myocardial perfusion, promote myocardial regeneration by activating the SDF-1α/CXCR4 axis, and thereby improve the cardiac function after myocardial infarction. Furthermore, prevascularization with basic FGF-incorporated microspheres enhances the benefits of c... | [] | [
"To investigate whether transmyocardial drilling revascularization combined with heparinized basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-incorporating degradable stent implantation (TMDRSI) can promote myocardial regeneration after acute myocardial infarction",
"The new method has shown to be capable of promoting CSCs ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17693930",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22146760",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16581974",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21422919",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12580776",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12091808"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009203",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016222",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012038"
] |
571f33f10fd6f91b68000004 | yesno | Have 5q35 microdeletions been implicated in Sotos syndrome development? | [
"Loss-of-function mutations of NSD1 and 5q35 microdeletions encompassing NSD1 are a major cause of Sotos syndrome (Sos), which is characterized by overgrowth, macrocephaly, characteristic facies, and variable intellectual disability (ID).",
"Loss-of-function mutations of NSD1 and 5q35 microdeletions encompassing ... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Loss-of-function mutations of NSD1 and 5q35 microdeletions encompassing NSD1 are a major cause of Sotos syndrome (Sos), which is characterized by overgrowth, macrocephaly, characteristic facies, and variable intellectual disability (ID)",
"We observed a novel 3.5 Mb 5q subtelomeric deletion in a 3-year-old girl ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25510705",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18505455",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12900893",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16140999",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23190751",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15805156",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
51477de5d24251bc05000020 | list | Tumors of which three organs are classically associated with the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 syndrome? | [
"Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 syndrome is an inherited cancer syndrome defined by occurrence of multiple neuro-endocrine tumors and is classically associated with the combined occurrence of two or more tumors involving parathyroid gland, pancreas and pituitary gland. Other tumors, including but not limited t... | [
"parathyroid gland",
"pancreas",
"pituitary gland"
] | [
"Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1; formerly known as Wermer syndrome) is a rare disorder characterized by the combined occurrence of two or more tumors involving parathyroid, pancreatic islets and anterior pituitary glands; some other tumors have also been described.",
" Hyperparathyroidism is the most c... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23279763",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10664520",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9820618",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17455252",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23024266",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18172277",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009369",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D018761"
] |
57138eb21174fb175500000a | factoid | Which is the protein implicated in Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3? | [
"Ataxin-3 is a ubiquitously expressed deubiqutinating enzyme with important functions in the proteasomal protein degradation pathway and regulation of transcription. The C-terminus of the ataxin-3 protein contains a polyglutamine (PolyQ) region that, when mutationally expanded to over 52 glutamines, causes the neur... | [
"Ataxin-3"
] | [
"Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is the most frequent inherited cerebellar ataxia in Europe, the US and Japan, leading to disability and death through motor complications. Although the affected protein ataxin-3 is found ubiquitously in the brain, grey matter atrophy is predominant in the cerebellum and the bra... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20943656",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21827905",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24293103",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24272589",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9292723",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23659897",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [] |
56d2ae19f22319765a000006 | summary | What is Tn-seq? | [
"The transposon mutagenesis and high-throughput sequencing (Tn-seq) is a technique that allows for quantitative assessment of individual mutants within a transposon mutant library by sequencing the transposon-genome junctions and then compiling mutant presence by mapping to a base genome. Using Tn-seq, it is possib... | [] | [
" Using Tn-seq, a genome-wide fitness profiling technique, we identified several functions required for fitness of Y. pestis in vivo that were not previously known to be important.",
"Tn-seq is a technique that allows for quantitative assessment of individual mutants within a transposon mutant library by sequenci... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21253457",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19767758",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25636611",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22925268",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24077707",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25139902",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
5328185dd6d3ac6a3400000e | yesno | Is metabolic syndrome related with cardiovascular disease? | [
"The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by a cluster of risk factors including central obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance, The MetS is associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by a cluster of risk factors including central obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance, The MetS is associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). ",
"As a molecular link between metabolic s... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18945929",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24247648",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19196885",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24320036",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24320031",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24287796",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
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},
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"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002318",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:14221",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:1287"
] |
5321b8579b2d7acc7e000008 | yesno | Is there any functional association during viral replication between flaviviridae viral RNA depended RNA polymerase and viral helicase? | [
"Several labs have obtained evidence for a protein complex that involves many of the nonstructural (NS) proteins encoded by the virus. NS3, NS4A, NS4B, NS5A, and NS5B appear to interact structurally and functionally. The interaction between the helicase, NS3, and the RNA polymerase, NS5B play a key role in viral re... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Several labs have obtained evidence for a protein complex that involves many of the nonstructural (NS) proteins encoded by the virus. NS3, NS4A, NS4B, NS5A, and NS5B appear to interact structurally and functionally. In this study, we investigated the interaction between the helicase, NS3, and the RNA polymerase, N... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23463199",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22040846",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17319152",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19951725",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21946389",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23157297",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
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},
{
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"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/id/C0206510",
... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D018067",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012194",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020365",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
52f77f752059c6d71c00002b | yesno | Are defects in recombination repair involved in carcinogenesis? | [
"Yes. The breast cancer-associated BRCA1 and BRCA2 proteins are strongly implicated in recombination repair.",
"Carcinogenesis or oncogenesis or tumorigenesis is literally the creation of cancer. It is a process by which normal cells are transformed into cancer cells. It is characterized by a progression of chang... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Inherited mutations in genes involved in HR are associated with gene rearrangement and may be a prerequisite for tumor development in some cancer-prone hereditary diseases like Bloom, Werner and Rothmund-Thomson syndromes. ",
"Variants in the XRCC3 gene might result in altered protein structure or function which... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22276468",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11178982",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12592385",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21404276",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24051048",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23721719",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://purl.uniprot.org/core/title",
"s": "http://purl.uniprot.org/pubmed/9111189",
"o": "Which DNA polymerases are used for DNA-repair in eukaryotes?"
},
{
"p": "http://purl.uniprot.org/core/name",
"s": "http://purl.uniprot.org/pubmed/9111189",
"o": "Carcinogenesis"
},
{
... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004260",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005785",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0006281",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field... |
513ce5f2bee46bd34c00000a | factoid | Which is the prevalence of cystic fibrosis in the human population? | [
"Prevalence of Cystic Fibrosis varies according to the population. A theoretical estimate of the prevalence of cystic fibrosis based on anthropological data suggested a frequency of 25 affected individuals/100,000 inhabitants. However, real data indicated that the true prevalence in the population was considerably ... | [
"0.7–7/100000 inhabitants"
] | [
"The allelic frequency of this variant was calculated to be 0.7% for this population",
"The results of literature reviews, surveys, and registry analyses revealed a mean prevalence of 0.737/10,000 in the 27 EU countries, which is similar to the value of 0.797 in the United States, and only one outlier, namely the... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15970608",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11336401",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18442953",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15266396",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22627569",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18243066"
] | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CFTR_MACMU",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D003550",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:2975",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005355",
"http://www.disease-o... |
5721f6f90fd6f91b68000012 | yesno | Are seizures among the neurological symptoms of incontinentia pigmenti? | [
"Incontinentia pigmenti is an X-linked dominant disorder resulting from a mutation of IKBKG. This disorder has a classic dermatologic presentation, but neurologic involvement, with seizures and cortical infarction, can arise shortly after birth."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"High-dose glucocorticoid therapy in the management of seizures in neonatal incontinentia pigmenti",
"Incontinentia pigmenti is an X-linked dominant disorder resulting from a mutation of IKBKG. This disorder has a classic dermatologic presentation, but neurologic involvement, with seizures and cortical infarction... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22564885",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15127315",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24682289",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23622185",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12437562",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13679126",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
5524562387ecba3764000001 | list | Which are the different homologs or family members of the hedgehog proteins in mammals? | [
"Hedgehog (Hh) signaling proteins stimulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and tissue patterning at multiple points in animal development. A single Hh homolog is present in Drosophila, but three Hh homologs, Sonic hedgehog (Shh), Indian hedgehog (Ihh) , and Desert hedgehog (Dhh), are present in mammals."
] | [
"Sonic hedgehog",
"SHH",
"Indian hedgehog",
"IHH",
"Desert hedgehog",
"DHH"
] | [
"Hedgehog (Hh) signaling proteins stimulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and tissue patterning at multiple points in animal development. A single Hh homolog is present in Drosophila, but three Hh homologs, Sonic Hh, Indian Hh, and Desert Hh, are present in mammals.",
" We report here biochemical and x-ray... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20519495",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22391297",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21167467",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12967338",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15645142",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18612197",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D053823",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0097108",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005190"
] |
5505a587f73303d458000005 | factoid | What does mTOR stands for? | [
"mTOR stands for: mammalian target of rapamycin."
] | [
"mammalian target of rapamycin"
] | [
" mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)",
"mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)",
"mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)",
"mammalian target or rapamycin (mTOR)",
"mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)",
"mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) ",
" mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)",
" mammal target of ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24311635",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24309100",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24276258",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24290217",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24312355",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24307346",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D058570",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/MTOR_RAT"
] |
5722027a0fd6f91b68000014 | summary | Which is the most common genetic lesion among patients with Joubert Syndrome and a cerebello-oculo-renal phenotype? | [
"Joubert syndrome (JBTS) is an inherited ciliopathy giving rise to NPHP with cerebellar vermis aplasia and retinal degeneration. Among patients with JBTS and a cerebello-oculo-renal phenotype, mutations in CEP290 (NPHP6) are the most common genetic lesion.",
"Nephronophthisis (NPHP) is the major cause of pediatri... | [] | [
"Nephronophthisis (NPHP) is the major cause of pediatric renal failure, yet the disease remains poorly understood, partly due to the lack of appropriate animal models. Joubert syndrome (JBTS) is an inherited ciliopathy giving rise to NPHP with cerebellar vermis aplasia and retinal degeneration. Among patients with ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24946806"
] | [] | [] |
51486f7dd24251bc0500002e | list | Which scales are recommended by the American Heart Association for depression screening in cardiovascular patients? | [
"Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) are recommended by the American Heart Association for depression screening in cardiovascular patients."
] | [
"patient health questionnaire-2",
"patient health questionnaire-9"
] | [
"In 2008, the American Heart Association (AHA) recommended a 2-step screening method, consisting of the 2-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2) followed by the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), for identifying depression in cardiovascular patients.",
"The American Heart Association (AHA) statement ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23283084",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19840561",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18824640",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21862720",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20435186",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19261139",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D003863",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000572",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D008403"
] |
56c332a350c68dd41600000d | yesno | Is there a genome-wide technique for the detection of R-loop formation? | [
"Genome-wide analysis of fragile sites by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and microarray (ChIP-chip) of phosphorylated H2A in these mutants supported a transcription-dependent mechanism of DNA damage characteristic of R loops. Here we show that recombination factors are required for the survival of yeast FACT ... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Genome-wide analysis of fragile sites by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and microarray (ChIP-chip) of phosphorylated H2A in these mutants supported a transcription-dependent mechanism of DNA damage characteristic of R loops",
"We have used a bisulfite-sensitivity assay to demonstrate genome-wide increase i... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24164596",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23868195",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25699710",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24636987",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23251031",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22279048"
] | [] | [] |
530d7e8a38c1322806000001 | summary | How is CBX1/M31 related to position-effect variegation? | [
"M31 is a heterochromatin component, that is concentrated in the XY body during spermatogenesis. M31 overexpression has two contrasting effects which are dependent on chromosomal context: (i) it enhanced PEV in those lines with centromeric or pericentromeric transgene locations; and (ii) it suppressed PEV when the ... | [] | [
"First, forced expression of full-length SUV39H1 (412 amino acids) redistributes endogenous M31 (HP1beta) and induces abundant associations with inter- and metaphase chromatin",
"Together, our data reveal a dominant role(s) for the SET domain of SUV39H1 in the distribution of prominent heterochromatic proteins an... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10779362",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10671371",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10581035",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10516442",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1543904",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10202156"
] | [
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"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D055012",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/HXC8_MOUSE",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4262550"
] |
571394141174fb175500000b | yesno | Can bioprinting use human cells? | [
"Yes, human cells can be used for bioprinting"
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"In this study, human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) were printed in a free-scalable 3D grid pattern by means of LaBP.",
" Additionally, we provide the proof that even pre-differentiated hASCs could be utilized for the generation of 3D tissue grafts. ",
"To explore the three dimensional(3D)bioprinting techn... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25130390",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23197691",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20811115",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25242654",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25047630",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21504055",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D062028",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D006801",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002477"
] |
5544f3005beec11c10000008 | yesno | Is transcription-associated mutagenesis (TAM) related to gene expression levels? | [
"Spontaneous point mutation rate in a gene increases with its transcription level, suggesting that movement of RNA polymerase through the target initiates a mutagenic process(es). This phenomenon is termed transcription-associated mutation (TAM). Transcription-associated mutagenesis is directly proportional to the ... | [
"yes"
] | [
"These mutations were frequent in plasmid-borne lacS expressed at a high level but not in single-copy lacS in the chromosome or at lower levels of expression in a plasmid.",
"The results suggest that important DNA repair or replication fidelity functions are impaired or overwhelmed in pJlacS, with results analogo... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23146897",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21177427",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21177431",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17398168",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23055242",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10628973",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0010467",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0006351"
] |
514a1469d24251bc05000056 | yesno | Is there a pharmacogenetic test for trastuzumab? | [
"Yes. HER2 testing is performed in breast cancer patients to determine suitability for trastuzumab (Herceptin therapy)."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"The clinical need for novel approaches to improve drug therapy derives from the high rate of adverse reactions to drugs and their lack of efficacy in many individuals that may be predicted by pharmacogenetic testing.",
"the assessment of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER-2) expression for trastuzum... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20590449",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16809727",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11838648",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17785760",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11265171",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15970231",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
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"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4002084",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D010597"
] |
56cf236f3975bb303a000002 | factoid | Which calcium channels does ethosuximide target? | [
"Ethosuximide blocks the T-type calcium channels."
] | [
"T-type calcium channels"
] | [
"In the present study, we examined whether ethosuximide (ETX), a T-channel antagonist, could decrease the severity of ethanol withdrawal seizures by evaluating electrographical and behavioral correlates of seizure activity.",
"In rats, intraplantar (i.pl.) administration of db-cAMP or PGE(2) caused mechanical hy... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15638774",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21112351",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21596106",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10882031",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17291698",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24933286",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A0033989",
"o": "D015220"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A0034034",
"o": "D015220"
},
{
"p": "... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020747",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005013",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D015220",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/joche... |
55201a316b348bb82c000019 | factoid | What is the sedimentation coefficient of the mammalian mitoribosome? | [
"The mammalian mitochondrial ribosome (mitoribosome) has a highly protein-rich composition with a small sedimentation coefficient of 55 S, consisting of 39 S large and 28 S small subunits."
] | [
"55 S"
] | [
" The mammalian mitochondrial ribosomes (55S)",
"The mammalian mitochondrial ribosome (mitoribosome) has a highly protein-rich composition with a small sedimentation coefficient of 55 S, consisting of 39 S large and 28 S small subunits.",
"The 55 S mammalian mitochondrial ribosome (referred to hereafter as \"mi... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11402041",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15966747",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11943462",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14757048",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6284743",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19567276"
] | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0005762",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0005761",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012270",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:... |
54e221f6ae9738404b000010 | summary | Describe the mechanism of action of aliskiren. | [
"Aliskiren is a low-molecular-weight, orally active, hydrophilic non-peptide molecule that blocks renin and consequential angiotensin I generation. Renin inhibition interrupts the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)."
] | [] | [
"Preliminary assignment a direct renin inhibitor aliskiren enhances the diuretic, natriuretic and kaliyuretic effects of the drug. ",
"Aliskiren: An orally active renin inhibitor.",
"Optimization of this compound by Novartis led to the development of aliskiren - the only direct renin inhibitor which is clinical... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19183745",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19895758",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23355128",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20812878",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23087256",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20467589",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4240636"
] |
52ef7754c8da898910000014 | list | Which proteins act as histone-like molecules in prokaryotes? | [
"Prokaryotic histone-like proteins (Hlps) or nucleoid-associated proteins (NAPs) are abundant proteins found in bacterial and plastid nucleoids. HU protein is a small, basic, heat-stable DNA-binding protein that is well-conserved in prokaryotes and is associated with the bacterial nucleoid. HU is well conserved in ... | [
"HU",
"IHF",
"H-NS"
] | [
"We show that Histone-like Nucleoid Structuring (H-NS) protein can facilitate correct recognition of a promoter by RNA polymerase in AT-rich gene regulatory regions",
"One feature is a histone-like protein that is associated with the DNA, condensing it into subunits similar to those in eukaryotic chromatin",
"R... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14596799",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6253884",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23818873",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12220682",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3282561",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9016640",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/HNS_ECO57",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/H33L2_CAEEL",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/HLP_RICCN",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/H2AZL_XENTR",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/H13_CAEEL",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/HNS_SALPA",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/HLP_... |
55032efde9bde69634000035 | factoid | Which receptor is targeted by telcagepant? | [
"Telcagepant (MK-0974) is a novel calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonist currently undergoing clinical trials for migraine."
] | [
"calcitonin gene-related peptide"
] | [
"In vivo quantification of calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor occupancy by telcagepant in rhesus monkey and human brain using the positron emission tomography tracer [11C]MK-4232.",
"Lack of hemodynamic interaction between CGRP-receptor antagonist telcagepant (MK-0974) and sumatriptan: results from a random... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21350792",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23196486",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20416945",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23480465",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23975906",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19157980",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
56c097deef6e394741000027 | summary | What is the role of photodynamic therapy for meningioma treatment? | [
"Photodynamic therapy was shown to have activity againt meningioma treatment. Gefitinib and ciprofloxacin enhance efficacy of photodynamic therapy."
] | [] | [
"CONCLUSIONS: Efficacy of 5-ALA PDT could be increased by adjunction of ciprofloxacin in conventional clinical dosing and by prolongation of ALA incubation time. ",
"CONCLUSION: Gefitinib can inhibit ABCG2-mediated PpIX efflux from malignant brain tumor cells to increase the intracellular PpIX and thereby enhance... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8384325",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10327048",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23465372",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1984490",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8672259",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1388826",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.g... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:3565",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D008579",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013812"
] |
54d630283706e89528000004 | yesno | Do carmustine wafers improve survival of glioblastoma patients? | [
"Yes, it has been documented that implantation of carmustine wafers improves survival of newly diagnosed and recurrent glioblastoma patients."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"At recurrence, treatment options include repeat surgery (with or without Gliadel wafer placement), reirradiation or systemic therapy. ",
"DISCUSSION: Carmustine wafers for primary HGG surgery in accordance with the NICE TA121 were associated with a median survival of 15.3 months; this is improved compared with p... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18366283",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23118709",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18240917",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15937647",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21983866",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16482400",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4275776"
] |
5516fc8832767d0305000002 | yesno | Is Dicer part of the RISC loading complex? | [
"Yes, Dicer is part of the RISC loading complex."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Dicer is a component of the protein machinery (the RNA Induced Silencing Complex [RISC]) which is involved in catalyzing the formation of mature microRNAs from their precursors in the process of microRNA biogenesis.",
"RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) Proteins PACT, TRBP, and Dicer are SRA binding nuclear re... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23511973",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23272173",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24303839",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23424633",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23550157",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23226452"
] | [
{
"p": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/relationontology/hasLocalization",
"s": "http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/A0MQH0",
"o": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/geneontology/id/GO:0016442"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#prefLabel",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resourc... | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0016442",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/DCR1_SCHPO",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0070578",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0070922",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/DIC... |
5318985eb166e2b80600001d | summary | What is the Arnold-Chiari syndrome? | [
"Arnold Chiari syndrome is a condition characterized by herniation of the cerebellar tonsils through the foramen magnum, manifesting usually with downbeat nystagmus, palsy of the caudal cerebral nerves, headache, and vertigo."
] | [] | [
"Arnold Chiari syndrome is a condition characterized by herniation of the cerebellar tonsils through the foramen magnum.",
"The Arnold-Chiari malformation is very rare hindbrain abnormalities characterized by herniation of the hindbrain through the foramen magnum.",
"The origin of Arnold-Chiari syndrome is conn... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18546951",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19287845",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15785984",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17874345"
] | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:225",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001139",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013577"
] |
5508453a4b2a315d41000008 | summary | What is the biological role of SERCA2 SUMOylation in cardiac physiology and pathophysiology, such as in heart failure? | [
"Recently, the impact of small ubiquitin-related modifier 1 (SUMO-1) on the regulation and preservation of sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium adenosine triphosphatase (SERCA2a) function was discovered. The small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) can be conjugated to lysine residues of target proteins, and is involved i... | [] | [
"SERCA2a activity can be regulated at multiple levels of a signaling cascade comprised of phospholamban, protein phosphatase 1, inhibitor-1, and PKCα. SERCA2 activity is also regulated by post-translational modifications including SUMOylation and acetylation.",
"The small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) can be ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23710633",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22679139",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24225946",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21900893"
] | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/AT2A2_RAT",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/AT2A2_RABIT",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/AT2A2_FELCA",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:6000",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0016925",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/AT2A... |
5319a724b166e2b806000025 | list | Which trinucleotide repeat disorders are affecting the nervous system? | [
"At least six neudegenerative disorders result from trinucleotide repeat expansion: X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA), two fragile X syndromes of mental retardation (FRAXA and FRAXE), Huntington's disease (HD), spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1), and dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA)."... | [
"X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA)",
"Fragile X syndrome of mental retardation (FRAXA)",
"Fragile X syndrome of mental retardation (FRAXE)",
"Huntington's disease (HD)",
"Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1)",
"Dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA)"
] | [
"The discovery that expansion of unstable repeats can cause a variety of neurological disorders has changed the landscape of disease-oriented research for several forms of mental retardation, Huntington disease, inherited ataxias, and muscular dystrophy.",
"Expansion of trinucleotide repeats is now recognized as ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17417937",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7998766"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D019680",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:863",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002493",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:003... |
54ecb66d445c3b5a5f000002 | yesno | Is hypersensitivity to DNA crosslinking agents a hallmark of Fanconi anemia? | [
"Yes, hypersensitivity to DNA crosslinking agents is one of the hallmarks of Fanconi anemia, the others being defective FANCD2 monoubiquitination, and genomic instability."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"The Fanconi anemia (FA) core complex plays a central role in the DNA damage response network",
"FAAP100-deficient cells display hallmark features of FA cells, including defective FANCD2 monoubiquitination, hypersensitivity to DNA crosslinking agents, and genomic instability.",
"Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare ge... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16904272",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8058745",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19275569",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15277238",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18047734",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22690333",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D051856",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:13636",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005199",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:1062"
] |
53188992b166e2b806000019 | list | Which are the cellular targets of imatinib mesylate? | [
"The cellular targets of imatinib mesylate are BCR-ABL, platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) and c-kit kinases."
] | [
"BCR-ABL",
"Platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR)",
"c-Kit"
] | [
"Imatinib mesylate is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor of the ABL, platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), and c-kit kinases.",
"Imatinib mesylate is a novel anti-tumor agent useful in the clinical management of chronic myelogenous leukemia and gastrointestinal stromal tumors with minimal toxicity relative to... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15887238",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15844661"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D017479",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013812",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D058990",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/joche... |
52ebb2c698d0239505000029 | list | Which are the clinical characteristics of Tuberous Sclerosis? | [
"The clinical characteristics of Tuberous Sclerosis include epilepsy, subependymal giant cell astrocytomas, lymphangioleiomyomatosis, rhabdomyoma, renal angiomyolipomas, cortical tubers, neurofibromas, angiofibromas, mental retardation, and behavioral disorders."
] | [
"epilepsy",
"subependymal giant cell astrocytomas",
"lymphangioleiomyomatosis",
"rhabdomyoma",
"renal angiomyolipomas",
"cortical tubers",
"neurofibromas",
"angiofibromas",
"mental retardation",
"behavioral disorders"
] | [
"Prevalence and long-term outcome of epilepsy in tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is reported to be variable",
"Subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SEGAs) are benign tumors, most commonly associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC).",
"Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare, progressive, frequently let... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14716484",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22791573",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19889303",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16210669",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23219029",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23007140",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012640",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TSC2_RAT",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0033596",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TSC1_RAT",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:135... |
55414e4f472cfd8617000002 | summary | What is known about MER41 repeat sequences? | [
"We report eleven new families of MEdium Reiteration frequency (MER) interspersed repeats in the genomes of Primates, Rodentia, and Lagomorpha. Two families of the human repeats, MER 46 and MER 47, represent non-autonomous DNA transposons. These sequences are flanked by TA target site duplications and have terminal... | [] | [
"We report eleven new families of MEdium Reiteration frequency (MER) interspersed repeats in the genomes of Primates, Rodentia, and Lagomorpha. Two families of the human repeats, MER 46 and MER 47, represent non-autonomous DNA transposons. These sequences are flanked by TA target site duplications and have terminal... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20625510",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9204548"
] | [] | [] |
514a2649d24251bc0500005a | summary | How functional connectivity of the default mode network changes in patients with disorders of consciousness? | [
"Functional connectivity in the default mode network (DMN) is reduced in patients with different disorders of consciousness, and correlates with the level of consciousness. \nSpecifically, functional connectivity in the default mode network was shown to be absent in brain death patients, extremely low in vegetative... | [] | [
"Functional connectivity in the default mode network (DMN) is known to be reduced in patients with disorders of consciousness, to a different extent depending on their clinical severity.",
"Patients showed significant impairments in all of the pathways connecting cortical regions within this network, as well as t... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23034909",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22418054",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22905075",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22623966",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21693087",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21191476",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D059907",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009415",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D003244"
] |
5713c7dd1174fb1755000014 | yesno | Have C12orf65 mutations been associated with axonal neuropathy and optic atrophy? | [
"Novel C12orf65 mutations in patients with axonal neuropathy and optic atrophy",
"The association of neuropathy and optic atrophy (also known as Charcot-Marie-Tooth [CMT] disease type 6) has been described with autosomal dominant, recessive and X-linked modes of inheritance. Mutations in Mitofusin 2 have been fou... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Novel C12orf65 mutations in patients with axonal neuropathy and optic atrophy",
"Charcot-Marie Tooth disease (CMT) forms a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders. Although a number of disease genes have been identified for CMT, the gene discovery for some complex form of CMT has lagged behin... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24198383",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24424123",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25519961",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24284555",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23188110"
] | [] | [] |
54f0920f94afd61504000018 | list | List drugs included in the DHAP-R chemotherapy regiment. | [
"Dexamethasone (a steroid hormone), cytarabine (ara-C), cisplatin (platinum agent) and rituximab are included in the DHAP-R chemotherapy protocol."
] | [
"dexamethasone",
"cytarabine",
"cisplatin",
"rituximab"
] | [
"Standard treatment of transplant-eligible patients with relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) consists of rituximab and platinum-based chemotherapy, either ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide (ICE) or dexamethasone, cytarabine, and cisplatin (DHAP), with autologous transplant consolidation for those wi... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22136378",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20709662",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21947824",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19406729",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12478903",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23692856",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
514a4679d24251bc0500005b | yesno | Are psammoma bodies characteristic to meningiomas? | [
"Yes, psammoma bodies are commonly seen and are characteristic to meningiomas. However, they can be also present in other types of tumors or non-neoplastic tissues."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Psammoma bodies (PBs) are concentric lamellated calcified structures, observed most commonly in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), meningioma, and papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma of ovary but have rarely been reported in other neoplasms and nonneoplastic lesions.",
"Studies on serous cystadenocarcinoma of ov... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2168257",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8162148",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3020860",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8336812",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3776472",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8712177",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:7210",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:3565",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002479",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D008579"
] |
57220e400fd6f91b68000015 | list | Which are the most common symptoms in Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome? | [
"Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome is a neuromuscular junction disorder characterized by proximal limb muscle weakness, fatigability, decreased deep-tendon reflexes, and autonomic symptoms. There are 2 forms of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome: one most frequently associated with small-cell lung cancer (P-Lambert-... | [
"proximal limb muscle weakness",
"fatigability",
"decreased deep-tendon reflexes",
"autonomic symptoms",
"small-cell lung cancer"
] | [
"Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome is a neuromuscular junction disorder characterized by proximal limb muscle weakness, fatigability, decreased deep-tendon reflexes, and autonomic symptoms. There are 2 forms of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome: one most frequently associated with small-cell lung cancer (P-Lambert-... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8505927",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16526254",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24481713",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24114606",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21822385",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18653248"
] | [] | [] |
56afa7fd0a360a5e45000016 | summary | What is the pyroptotic pathway? | [
"Pyroptosis is an inflammasome-mediated programmed cell death pathway."
] | [] | [
"pyroptotic cell death,",
" pyroptotic cell death",
"Pyroptosis is an inflammasome-mediated programmed cell death pathway triggered in macrophages by a variety of stimuli, including intracellular bacterial pathogens. ",
"pyroptotic death ",
"C. albicans triggers pyroptosis, a proinflammatory macrophage deat... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26056317",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25043180",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21178113",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24667705",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25341033",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24376002",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:649",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:12858",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000069292",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:1393",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/me... |
553babc0f321868558000007 | list | Which types of bacterial microflora are associated with the progression of peri-implantitis? | [
"Bacteria such as A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, T. forsythensis, T. denticola, P. intermedia and F. nucleatum are associated with the progression of peri-implantitis."
] | [
"A. actinomycetemcomitans",
"P. gingivalis",
"T. denticola",
"T. forsythia",
"P. intermedia",
"F. nucleatum"
] | [
" Later, the specific plaque hypothesis established the role of some microorganisms such as A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, T. forsythensis, T. denticola, P. intermedia and F. nucleatum in different forms of periodontal diseases",
"The microbiological analysis revealed that the total bacterial load incre... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20976394",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9526919",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14598129",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23937262"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D057873"
] |
5162c8a8298dcd4e51000047 | list | What are the known families of deadenylases? | [
"All known deadenylases belong to either the DEDD or the exonuclease–endonuclease–phosphatase (EEP) superfamily. Members of DEDD include the POP2, CAF1Z, PARN and PAN2 families. Members of EEP include the CCR4, Nocturnin, ANGEL and 2'-PDE families."
] | [
"POP2",
"CAF1Z",
"PARN",
"PAN2",
"CCR4",
"Nocturnin",
"ANGEL",
"2'-PDE"
] | [
"Among the deadenylase family, poly(A)-specific ribonuclease (PARN) is unique in its domain composition, which contains three potential RNA-binding domains: the catalytic nuclease domain, the R3H domain and the RRM domain",
"On the other hand, the interaction between CNOT7 and BTG2, a member of the antiproliferat... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19605561",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11239395",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22442711",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12590136",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22817748",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23337855",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://purl.uniprot.org/core/fullName",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/#_51354137363100D",
"o": "Cytoplasmic deadenylase"
},
{
"p": "http://purl.uniprot.org/core/fullName",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/#_443256444B36007",
"o": "mRNA deadenylase"
}
] | [] |
553656c4bc4f83e828000009 | factoid | Which translocation is harbored in the Askin tumor cells? | [
"The Askin tumor is a primitive malignant small-cell tumor of the chest wall mostly seen among children and adolescents. It is closely related to Ewing's sarcoma of the same location, with both tumors harboring reciprocal translocation t(11;22) (q24;q12)."
] | [
"reciprocal translocation t(11;22) (q24;q12)"
] | [
"The Ewing sarcoma family of tumors includes osseous Ewing sarcoma, extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma, primitive neuroectodermal tumor, and Askin tumor. They share a karyotype abnormality with translocation involving chromosomes 11 and 22",
"Ewing tumor family consists of Ewing tumor of bone, extraosseous Ewing tumor, ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7591257",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17009618",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2162733",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1333942",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7571088",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9213191",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.go... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:0050608"
] |
5710a51bcf1c325851000029 | summary | What is the function of the AtxA pleiotropic regulator? | [
"AtxA is the gene encoding the trans-activator of anthrax toxin synthesis and is essential for virulence of B. anthracis. It is located on the resident 185-kb plasmid pXO1 and its activation is stimulated by bicarbonate. AtxA controls the expression of more than a hundred genes belonging to all genetic elements, th... | [] | [
"The atxA gene product activates transcription of the anthrax toxin genes and is essential for virulence.",
"The atxA-null mutant is avirulent in mice",
"These data suggest that the atxA gene product also regulates toxin gene expression during infection.",
"Thus, we conclude that the pX01 influence on capsule... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14702298",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21911592",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19651859",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9199422",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9106214",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18676674",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [] | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4244018",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001408"
] |
550bf315c2af5d5b7000000e | yesno | Is cystatin C or cystatin 3 used as a biomarker of kidney function? | [
"Yes, cystatin C (CysC) is a novel biomarker of renal function."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"to explore the effect of ageing on renal function with cystatin C as the marker of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in the general population without vascular disease or diabetes.",
"Cystatin C, a more specific kidney function biomarker, was also elevated at 24 h after CLP.",
"This study evaluated FGF-23 as we... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23698027",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23910705",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24114579",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24001705",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23577724",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23813702",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CYT_COTJA",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D055316",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CYTC_RAT",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4262069",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0065009",
"http... |
56bdcc4cef6e394741000002 | factoid | Which R/bioconductor package utilizes the Hilbert curve in order to visualize genomic data? | [
"The so-called Hilbert curve visualization can complement genome browsers and help to get further insights into the structure of one's data. An open-source application, called HilbertVis, has been developed for R/bioconductor that allows the user to produce and interactively explore such plots."
] | [
"HilbertVis"
] | [
"In many genomic studies, one works with genome-position-dependent data, e.g. ChIP-chip or ChIP-Seq scores. Using conventional tools, it can be difficult to get a good feel for the data, especially the distribution of features. This article argues that the so-called Hilbert curve visualization can complement genome... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19297348"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016678",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D023281"
] |
57136cbf1174fb1755000007 | yesno | Can fetal aneuploidy be detected with non-invasive prenatal testing? | [
"Yes, the non-invasive preanatal test of cell-free fetal DNA is being used for fetal aneuploidy screening."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Non-invasive prenatal testing with cell-free DNA: US physician attitudes toward implementation in clinical practice.",
"The aim of this study was to assess awareness, potential adoption, and current utilization of non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) analysis for common fetal aneuploidies among obstetricians",
... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22500971",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23765643",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25478006",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25044397",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23712453",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24603453",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004247",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011296"
] |
56a3bf0f496b62f23f00000a | list | Which packages are used for performing overlap analysis of genomic regions in R/bioconductor? | [
"IRanges, GenomicRanges, and GenomicFeatures provide scalable data structures for representing annotated ranges on the genome, with special support for transcript structures, read alignments and coverage vectors. Computational facilities include efficient algorithms for overlap and nearest neighbor detection, cover... | [
"IRanges",
"GenomicRanges",
"GenomicFeatures"
] | [
"At the core of the infrastructure are three packages: IRanges, GenomicRanges, and GenomicFeatures. These packages provide scalable data structures for representing annotated ranges on the genome, with special support for transcript structures, read alignments and coverage vectors. Computational facilities include ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23950696"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D023281"
] |
56c1d841ef6e39474100002d | yesno | Is dichlorphenamide effective for periodic paralysis? | [
"Yes, dichlorphenamide is effective for periodic paralysis. Dichlorphenamide--a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor--has been shown in a controlled trial to prevent attacks for many patients with both hypokalemic and hypokalemic periodic paralysis."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Acetazolamide and dichlorphenamide are carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitors effective in the clinical condition of hypokalemic periodic paralysis (hypoPP).",
"In one study dichlorphenamide (DCP) vs placebo was tested in two groups of participants: 42 with hypokalemic periodic paralysis (Hyp... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3374500",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18345024",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6855804",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18426576",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10632100",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19019313",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [] | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4249177",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004005"
] |
56c1d84aef6e394741000030 | summary | What is evaluated with the Hydrocephalus Outcome Questionnaire? | [
"The Hydrocephalus Outcome Questionnaire (HOQ) is a simple, reliable, and valid measure of health status in children with hydrocephalus."
] | [] | [
"We sought to describe the natural history of this disorder, specifically its clinical presentation, disease course and long-term health status impact using the validated, disease-specific Hydrocephalus Outcome Questionnaire (HOQ)",
"OBJECT: The Hydrocephalus Outcome Questionnaire (HOQ) is an established means of... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18754895",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17644917",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21778677",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19714338",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16238072",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21193992",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
56c1d85fef6e394741000036 | summary | What is known about maternal smoking and brain tumor risk? | [
"Findings regarding association of maternal smoking and brain tumor risk are mixed. It was shown that children of women who smoked during pregnancy had an increased incidence of brain tumors (hazard ratio = 1.24; 95% confidence interval: 1.01-1.53). The increase in risk was similar for benign and malignant tumors, ... | [] | [
"BACKGROUND: A recent meta-analysis suggested an association between exposure to paternal smoking during pregnancy and childhood brain tumor risk, but no studies have evaluated whether this association differs by polymorphisms in genes that metabolize tobacco-smoke chemicals.",
"OBJECTIVE: Studies of the effect o... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7139628",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15191928",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24260161",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15801484",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12125967",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8470663",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012907",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:368",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D001932",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:1319",
"http://w... |
56c1d856ef6e394741000032 | factoid | Which pathway is activated by ficolin-3? | [
"Ficolin-3 activates lectin complement pathway."
] | [
"lectin complement pathway"
] | [
"This study aims to investigate whether an association exists between the ficolins that are part of the lectin complement pathway and SLE. ",
"Ficolin-3 (also called H-ficolin or Hakata antigen) is a complement-activating pattern recognition molecule, possessing a fibrinogen-like domain involved in carbohydrate b... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18006063",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25069872",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19939495",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23142462",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24336142",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19535802",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/FCN3_HUMAN"
] |
56bb68a5ac7ad1001900000a | yesno | Is nivolumab used for treatment of Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer? | [
"Yes, nivolumab used for treatment of Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"BACKGROUND: Patients with advanced squamous-cell non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who have disease progression during or after first-line chemotherapy have limited treatment options. This randomized, open-label, international, phase 3 study evaluated the efficacy and safety of nivolumab, a fully human IgG4 progr... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26028407",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25897158",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24685885",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25704439",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25965365",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24402925",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002289",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:3908"
] |
516281e6298dcd4e51000040 | list | Global quantitative phosphoproteomic analyses are emerging. List the preferred technologies for the enrichment for phosphorylated peptides? | [
"There are many different approaches to enrich for phosphorylated peptides: titanium dioxide, IMAC, simple derivatization through phosphoramidate chemistry and antibodies."
] | [
"enriched for phosphorylated peptides using titanium dioxide",
"sequential elution from IMAC",
"simple derivatization procedure based on phosphoramidate chemistry",
"antiphosphotyrosine antibodies"
] | [
"TiSH--a robust and sensitive global phosphoproteomics strategy employing a combination of TiO2, SIMAC, and HILIC.",
"An initial TiO(2) phosphopeptide pre-enrichment step is followed by post-fractionation using sequential elution from IMAC (SIMAC) to separate multi- and mono-phosphorylated peptides, and hydrophil... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22345495",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20340162",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22369663",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20927383",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22499768",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21822884",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/altMetaMap",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/id/C0031684",
"o": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A0319731"
}
] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D010748",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020543",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D045163",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
56c3326750c68dd41600000b | list | Which histone modifications are correlated with transcription elongation? | [
"This is accompanied by reductions in the level of H3K36 trimethylation, a posttranslational histone modification associated with efficient transcriptional elongation, and the number of full-length transcripts from these genes. The 3' ZNF exons contain H3K36me3, a mark of transcriptional elongation."
] | [
"H3K36me3"
] | [
" This is accompanied by reductions in the level of H3K36 trimethylation, a posttranslational histone modification associated with efficient transcriptional elongation, and the number of full-length transcripts from these genes.",
"Also like BUR kinase and the PAF complex, the Spt5 CTR is important for histone H2... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21347206",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19365074",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20139424",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23401853",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22876190",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24722509",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016570",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4278518",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D042421"
] |
516c0e08298dcd4e5100006d | yesno | Does thyroid hormone receptor beta1 affect insulin secretion? | [
"No"
] | [
"no"
] | [
"We demonstrated that thyroid hormone T3 rapidly induces Akt activation in pancreatic beta cells rRINm5F and hCM via thyroid hormone receptor (TR) beta1.",
"The silencing of TRbeta1 expression through RNAi confirmed this receptor to be crucial for the T3-induced activation of Akt.",
"T3 is able to specifically ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17293442"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011988",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/THBA_XENLA",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/INS_APLCA",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/THB_SHEEP",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/THB_PAROL",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/THB_C... |
54d646403706e89528000008 | list | List disorders that have been associated to the polymorphism rs2535629. | [
"schizophrenia and major depressive disorder. "
] | [
"schizophrenia",
"major depressive disorder"
] | [
"A recent genome-wide analysis indicated that a polymorphism (rs2535629) of ITIH3 showed the strongest association signal with susceptibility to psychiatric disorders in Caucasian populations. ",
"he aim of the study was to replicate the association of rs2535629 with schizophrenia and major depressive disorder (M... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22472876",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25461954",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24373612"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011110"
] |
56c1f01aef6e394741000043 | factoid | What is targeted by monoclonal antibody Pembrolizumab? | [
"Pembrolizumab inhibits the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint and has antitumor activity in patients with advanced melanoma. Pembrolizumab is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of advanced melanoma, and additional regulatory approvals are expected across the oncologic s... | [
"programmed cell death 1"
] | [
"gents currently in active clinical development for lung cancer include ipilimumab, which modulates the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 pathway, and multiple agents targeting the programmed death protein 1 (PD-1) pathway, both anti-PD-1 compounds (nivolumab, pembrolizumab [MK-3475]) and those that targe... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25891173",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25324906",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24685885",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25605845",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25034862",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25828465",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000911"
] |
5710dd61cf1c32585100002e | yesno | Does replication timing affect the rate of somatic mutations? | [
"Mutation rate, as reflected in recent evolutionary divergence and human nucleotide diversity, is markedly increased in later-replicating regions of the human genome. All classes of substitutions are affected, suggesting a generalized mechanism involving replication time-dependent DNA damage. DNA repair systems, in... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Here we observe that mutation rate, as reflected in recent evolutionary divergence and human nucleotide diversity, is markedly increased in later-replicating regions of the human genome",
"ll classes of substitutions are affected, suggesting a generalized mechanism involving replication time-dependent DNA damage... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23422670",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22023572",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23271586",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12941181",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9560368",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21666225",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [] |
5172f8118ed59a060a000019 | summary | Which metazaon species or taxa are known to lack selenoproteins | [
"Some insect genomes have lost the capacity of synthesizing selenoproteins. Species without selenoproteins have been identified within Diptera, Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera and Coleoptera."
] | [] | [] | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22479358",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19744324",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15843685",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18698431",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22943432",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16260744",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
52e8e93498d023950500001e | factoid | What is the mode of inheritance of Facioscapulohumeral muscular
dystrophy (FSHD)? | [
"The mode of inheritance of Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy is autosomal dominant."
] | [
"autosomal dominant"
] | [
"autosomal dominant mode of inheritance"
] | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22551571"
] | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/FRG2_HUMAN",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:11727",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/FRG2C_HUMAN",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/FRG2B_HUMAN",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/FRG1_HUMAN",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find... |
57091eefcf1c325851000016 | yesno | Is NOD1 activated in inflammation? | [
"Nod proteins fight off bacterial infections by stimulating proinflammatory signaling and cytokine networks and by inducing antimicrobial effectors, such as nitric oxide and antimicrobial peptides. NOD1 engagement generates an inflammatory response via activation of NFκB and MAPK pathways and several inflammatory d... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Nod1 and Nod2 control bacterial infections and inflammation",
"The Nod proteins Nod1 and Nod2 are two NLR family members that trigger immune defense in response to bacterial peptidoglycan",
"Nod proteins fight off bacterial infections by stimulating proinflammatory signaling and cytokine networks and by induci... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23740944",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17690884",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24829218",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24828250",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12813035",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18574154",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D007249",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D053474"
] |
534df8c9aeec6fbd07000016 | list | List diseases where protein citrullination plays an important role. | [
"Rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, prion diseases, cancer and Alzheimer's disease are examples of diseases where protein citrullination involvement has been demonstrated."
] | [
"Multiple Sclerosis",
"Alzheimer disease",
"Rheumatoid Arthritis",
"RA",
"Prion Diseases",
"Cancer"
] | [
"his modification has been linked to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). ",
"Over the past decade, PADs and protein citrullination have been commonly implicated as abnormal pathological features in neurodegeneration and inflammatory responses associated with diseases such ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23701010",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20590842",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22505457",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20013286",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24081567",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23960723",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0018101",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0070613",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:4",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4275497",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4275495",
"http:/... |
53035d7c2059c6d71c000085 | factoid | What is commotio cordis? | [
"Commotio cordis is a term used to describe cases of blunt thoracic impact causing sudden death without structural damage of the heart"
] | [
"blunt thoracic impact causing sudden death"
] | [
"Commotio cordis is a rare type of blunt cardiac injury in which low impact chest trauma causes sudden cardiac arrest, usually occurs from being struck by a projectile during sports.",
"Commotio cordis due to blunt trauma to the precordium is a rare cause of death in young athletes, occurring less frequently than... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21699851",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14646469",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11048776",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11208236",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11334832",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17957272",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D056104"
] |
56bb68f9ac7ad1001900000b | factoid | What is the cause of Phthiriasis Palpebrarum? | [
"Phthiriasis palpebrarum is a rare eyelid infestation caused by phthirus pubis."
] | [
"Pthirus pubis"
] | [
"Phthiriasis palpebrarum is an uncommon cause of blepharoconjunctivitis in which Pthirus pubis infest the eyelashes. We report a case of unilateral phthiriasis palpebrarum with crab louse. ",
"BACKGROUND: Pediculosis capitis is a common parasitic infestation, whereas phthiriasis palpebrarum is an uncommon infecti... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26451147",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20339456",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16903509",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12523816",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24909484",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19728949",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
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