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2,200 | Neither vasopressin nor amiodarone improve CPR outcome in an animal model of hypothermic cardiac arrest. | Aim of this experimental animal study was to investigate the influence of vasopressin and amiodarone on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) outcome in a pig model of hypothermic cardiac arrest.</AbstractText>After surface cooling to a core temperature of 26 degrees C, ventricular fibrillation was induced in 14 12-16-we... |
2,201 | Arrhythmias in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting and the antiarrhythmic effect of regional ischemic preconditioning. | The authors sought to establish whether regional ischemic preconditioning (IP) reduces ischemic reperfusion arrhythmias in patients who undergo off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB).</AbstractText>A controlled, randomized, prospective study.</AbstractText>A university hospital.</AbstractText>Thirty-two patie... |
2,202 | Heart block, ventricular tachycardia, and sudden death in ACE2 transgenic mice with downregulated connexins. | Angiotensin converting enzyme related carboxypeptidase (ACE2) is a recently discovered homolog of angiotensin converting enzyme with tissue-restricted expression, including heart, and the capacity to cleave angiotensin peptides. We tested the hypothesis that cardiac ACE2 activity contributes to features of ventricular ... |
2,203 | [Determinants of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in patients with arterial hypertension]. | Atrial fibrillation represents an important arrhythmia, in particular in patients with arterial hypertension. Hitherto, the connection between paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, left atrial size and left ventricular muscle mass has not been investigated sufficiently. In the present study, determinants of paroxysmal atrial... |
2,204 | [Detection of atrial late potentials with P wave signal averaged electrocardiogram among patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation]. | The analysis of the QRS-complex with signal averaged ECG (SAECG) has been evaluated for patients affected by ventricular tachycardia for a long time. A longer filtered QRS-complex was a marker of a slower ventricular conduction velocity and reentry tachycardia. This method was modified for an analysis of the P wave (P-... |
2,205 | [Changes in cardiac resistance to arrhythmogenic effects during ATP-dependent K+ channel activation]. | It has been found that pretreatment with ATP-dependent potassium channel (KATP-channel) opener, BMS 180448 (3 mg/kg, intravenously), increases cardiac resistance against arrhythmogenic action of coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion in anaesthetized rats. However, BMS 180448 induced a decrease in ventricular fibril... |
2,206 | ECG interpretation: what is different in children? | While the electrical waveforms and basic approach to electrocardiogram (ECG) interpretation are similar for pediatric and adult patients, some important differences must be recognized to provide appropriate care for infants and children. Maturational changes that occur over the early childhood years result in differenc... |
2,207 | [Factors for successful conversion of atrial fibrillation using intravenous injection of pilsicainide hydrochloride]. | The factors affecting successful conversion of atrial fibrillation using intravenous injection of pilsicainide hydrochloride are unclear. The efficacy of intravenous injection of pilsicainide hydrochloride and the factors affecting successful conversion of symptomatic atrial fibrillation were investigated.</AbstractTex... |
2,208 | [Impaired left ventricular systolic function in mitral stenosis]. | Left ventricular dysfunction is known in patients with mitral stenosis, but the incidence and cause remain unclear. The incidence and the factors related to left ventricular dysfunction were investigated in strictly selected patients with isolated mitral stenosis.</AbstractText>This study investigated 33 patients (5 ma... |
2,209 | Differential diagnosis and clinical course of amiodarone-induced thyroid dysfunction. | Amiodarone is an iodine-rich drug widely used for the management of various arrhythmias, but its clinical utility is usually limited by the high frequency of numerous side effects, most frequently disturbance of thyroid function.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="MATERIAL/METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">The present stu... |
2,210 | Heme oxygenase-1-related carbon monoxide production and ventricular fibrillation in isolated ischemic/reperfused mouse myocardium. | Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)-dependent carbon monoxide (CO) production related to reperfusion-induced ventricular fibrillation (VF) was studied in HO-1 wild-type (+/+), heterozygous (+/-), and homozygous (-/-) isolated ischemic/reperfused mouse heart. In HO-1 homozygous myocardium, under aerobic conditions, HO-1 enzyme acti... |
2,211 | Determinants of LV diastolic function during atrial fibrillation: beat-to-beat analysis in acute dog experiments. | Left ventricular (LV) diastolic function during atrial fibrillation (AF) remains poorly understood due to the complex interaction of factors and beat-to-beat variability. The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the physiological determinants of beat-to-beat changes in LV diastolic function during AF. The RR i... |
2,212 | Cardiac changes in subclinical and overt hyperthyroid women: retrospective study. | This retrospective and descriptive 4-year study was undertaken to describe cardiac changes in subclinical and overt hyperthyroidism.</AbstractText>We revised the charts of 386 consecutive cardiopathic women whose blood samples were referred to the Radioimmunoassay Laboratory to evaluate thyroid function from 1 January ... |
2,213 | Spontaneous echo contrast in the descending aorta in patients without aortic dissection: associated clinical and echocardiographic characteristics. | The objective of the study was to evaluate the frequency, clinical and echocardiographic correlates of spontaneous echo contrast in the descending aorta in the absence of dissection. Prevalence of spontaneous echo contrast in the descending aorta in the absence of dissection, and its clinical and echocardiographic corr... |
2,214 | Evaluation of P wave duration and P wave dispersion in adult patients with secundum atrial septal defect during normal sinus rhythm. | Paroxysmal atrial arrhythmias especially atrial fibrillation (AF) are frequently encountered in adult patients with atrial septal defect (ASD). Previously it was shown that maximum P wave duration and P wave dispersion in 12-lead surface electrocardiograms are significantly increased in individuals with a history of pa... |
2,215 | Left atrioventricular plane displacement predicts cardiac mortality in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation. | The aim of the present study was to investigate if left atrioventricular plane displacement (AVPD) has a prognostic value in patients with atrial fibrillation.</AbstractText>Left AVPD was assessed by two-dimensionally guided M-mode echocardiography in the four- and two-chamber views in 160 consecutive patients with chr... |
2,216 | Equine athletes, the equine athlete's heart and racing success. | Our recent data have confirmed that maximum oxygen delivery in racing Thoroughbreds is positively correlated to left ventricular mass measured by echocardiography. A similar, but weaker relationship also exists between left ventricular mass and Timeform performance rating in commercial racehorses. The relationship of t... |
2,217 | Biphasic or monophasic defibrillation for adult ventricular fibrillation. | A short cut review was carried out to establish whether biphasic defibrillatory shocks were superior to monophasic shocks in patients in ventricular fibrillation. Altogether 337 papers were found using the reported search, of which seven presented the best evidence to answer the clinical question. The author, date and ... |
2,218 | Percutaneous pericardial instrumentation for endo-epicardial mapping of previously failed ablations. | The epicardial location of an arrhythmia could be responsible for unsuccessful endocardial catheter ablation.</AbstractText>In 48 patients referred after prior unsuccessful endocardial ablation, we considered percutaneous, subxiphoid instrumentation of the pericardial space for mapping and ablation. Thirty patients had... |
2,219 | Electrical remodeling of the atria in congestive heart failure: electrophysiological and electroanatomic mapping in humans. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) frequently complicates congestive heart failure (CHF). However, the electrophysiological substrate for AF in humans with CHF remains unknown. We evaluated the electrophysiological and electroanatomic characteristics of the atria in patients with CHF.</AbstractText>Twenty-one patients (aged 53.7... |
2,220 | Sleep quality among patients treated with implantable atrial defibrillation therapy: effect of nocturnal shock delivery and psychological distress. | The Medtronic ICD-AT has atrial/ventricular therapies, which can be programmed to deliver atrial defibrillation during sleep, intended to potentially decrease shock anxiety/pain and lifestyle disruption. However, these shocks may diminish sleep quality. This study examined atrial shock characteristics (i.e., mode, freq... |
2,221 | Analysis of implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy in the Antiarrhythmics Versus Implantable Defibrillators (AVID) Trial. | The implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) is commonly used to treat patients with documented sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) or ventricular fibrillation (VF). Arrhythmia recurrence rates in these patients are high, but which patients will receive a therapy and the forms of arrhythmia recurrence (VT or VF)... |
2,222 | Ventricular flutter induced during electrophysiologic studies in patients with old myocardial infarction: clinical and electrophysiologic predictors, and prognostic significance. | Induction of ventricular flutter during electrophysiologic (EP) studies (similar to that of ventricular fibrillation [VF]) often is viewed as a nonspecific response with limited prognostic significance. However, data supporting this dogma originate from patients without previously documented ventricular tachyarrhythmia... |
2,223 | Cost-effectiveness of the implantable cardioverter defibrillator: a review of current evidence. | Implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy is indicated for patients at risk for sudden cardiac death (SCD) due to ventricular tachycardia (VT) or ventricular fibrillation (VF). The high relative cost of therapy with the ICD versus antiarrhythmic drugs has raised questions regarding its cost-effectiveness. To... |
2,224 | Use of nonantiarrhythmic drugs for prevention of sudden cardiac death. | It is of interest that the drugs having the most significant impact on total and sudden death mortality are those without direct electrophysiologic actions on myocardial excitable tissue. This observation may provide insight into mechanisms responsible for ventricular tachyarrhythmias causing cardiac arrest. One way to... |
2,225 | Role of amiodarone in the era of the implantable cardioverter defibrillator. | Amiodarone is one of the most frequently used antiarrhythmic drugs in clinical practice. In patients with atrial fibrillation, in whom rhythm control is judged desirable, amiodarone is the most effective therapy. Amiodarone effectively prevents atrial fibrillation and may improve quality of life, but there is no eviden... |
2,226 | Curative ablation for atrial fibrillation: what clinical trials do we need to establish efficacy. | In contrast to other supraventricular tachycardias, curative treatment of atrial fibrillation, although increasingly available and rapidly evolving, is neither as effective nor the first choice. Until recently, the unavailability of nonsurgical curative treatment may have fueled a debate on the relative importance of r... |
2,227 | Increased QT dispersion in epileptic children. | Epilepsy is a common paroxysmal disorder in childhood. Tachyarrhythmia, bradyarrhythmia, asystole, atrioventricular block, ventricular fibrillation or sudden death may occur during seizures. Mutations of ion-channel coding genes are found in patients with idiopathic or cryptogenic epilepsy. The ion channels also play a... |
2,228 | Metabolically controlled reperfusion in acute myocardial infarction: should the polarizing solution be given subselectively? | In working rat hearts, metabolic support of injured tissue enhances recovery after acute myocardial infarction. Clinical experience with a systemic "polarizing solution" supports this claim.</AbstractText>In a dog model of ischemia/reperfusion, we tested the feasibility of subselectively supplying adapted metabolic sub... |
2,229 | Dual AV nodal pathways and conduction during atrial fibrillation. | AV node modification reduces ventricular rate during atrial fibrillation (AF). We induced AF in patients with dual AV nodal pathways before and after radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of AV nodal reentry tachycardia (AVNRT) and examined the role of the two pathways in the transmission of impulses during AF.</AbstractText>A... |
2,230 | Effect of losartan on sudden cardiac death in people with diabetes: data from the LIFE study. | In the Losartan Intervention For Endpoint reduction in hypertension (LIFE) study, a major reduction of all-cause mortality--especially cardiovascular mortality--in patients with diabetes with left ventricular hypertrophy was reported for treatment with losartan. We postulated post hoc that losartan might have a better ... |
2,231 | The effect of QRS cancellation on atrial fibrillatory wave signal characteristics in the surface electrocardiogram. | QRS cancellation methods have been used to analyze atrial activity in the electrocardiogram for such rhythms as atrioventricular dissociated ventricular tachycardia and atrial fibrillation. However, how well the cancellation methods work has never been evaluated by some gold standard. In this study of patients undergoi... |
2,232 | [Incidental diagnosis of an ostium-secundum-type interatrial communication during coronary surgery]. | Preoperative assessment of a 73-year-old woman scheduled for coronary revascularization revealed signs of severe disease in three coronary vessels, mild mitral valve insufficiency, moderate tricuspid insufficiency and moderate-to-severe pulmonary hypertension, with preserved left ventricular function. During surgery pu... |
2,233 | A fatal case considered to be due to cardiac arrhythmia associated with butane inhalation. | An autopsy case of a 14-year-old boy whose death is considered to be a result of cardiac arrhythmia after butane inhalation and sample preservation for butane analysis are reported. The electrocardiogram taken in the ambulance revealed ventricular fibrillation. There were no autopsy findings as to the cause of death. n... |
2,234 | Can P wave parameters obtained from 12-lead surface electrocardiogram be a predictor for atrial fibrillation in patients who have structural heart disease? | This study was planned to investigate the parameters detecting risk of developing atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with sinus rhythm with structural heart disease. Forty-five patients with AF and 37 patients without AF but with structural heart disease (Group I) were included in this study. Thirty-eight patients (G... |
2,235 | Successful resuscitation after ropivacaine-induced ventricular fibrillation. | Human data about resuscitation after cardiac arrest from ropivacaine are limited. We present a case of successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation after accidental ropivacaine-induced ventricular fibrillation. A 76-yr-old female patient presented for foot osteotomy. A femoral block was performed using a nerve stimulator, ... |
2,236 | A randomized comparison of atrial and dual-chamber pacing in 177 consecutive patients with sick sinus syndrome: echocardiographic and clinical outcome. | A randomized trial was done to compare single-chamber atrial (AAI) and dual-chamber (DDD) pacing in patients with sick sinus syndrome (SSS). Primary end points were changes in left atrial (LA) size and left ventricular (LV) size and function as measured by M-mode echocardiography.</AbstractText>In patients with SSS and... |
2,237 | Cardioverter defibrillator implantation in a pregnant woman guided with transesophageal echocardiography. | This report describes a 28-year-old pregnant woman with mitral valve prolapse and sudden cardiac death due to a ventricular fibrillation who underwent an ICD implantation guided by tranesophageal echocardiography. |
2,238 | Intravenous administration of class I antiarrhythmic drug induced T wave alternans in an asymptomatic Brugada syndrome patient. | A 53-year-old man with an abnormal ECG was referred to the Nihon University School of Medicine. The 12-lead ECG showed right bundle branch block and saddleback-type ST elevation in leads V1-V3 (Brugada-type ECG). Signal-averaged ECG showed positive late potentials. Double ventricular extrastimuli (S1: 500 ms, S2: 250 m... |
2,239 | Adaptive pacing during ventricular fibrillation. | While it has been shown that pacing during ventricular fibrillation (VF) can capture a portion of the epicardium, little is known about the characteristics of the area captured or about whether adaptively changing the pacing rate during VF will increase the area captured. In six open-chested pigs, pacing during VF was ... |
2,240 | Incessant nonreentrant tachycardia due to simultaneous conduction over dual atrioventricular nodal pathways mimicking atrial fibrillation in patients referred for pulmonary vein isolation. | It has been reported that conduction over the fast and slow pathways of the AV node can occur simultaneously, leading to a double ventricular response from each atrial beat. We report the cases of two patients referred to us for evaluation of symptomatic, incessant, and irregular narrow-complex tachycardia, misdiagnose... |
2,241 | Discrepancies between the upper limit of vulnerability and defibrillation threshold: prevalence and clinical predictors. | Upper limit of vulnerability (ULV) has a strong correlation with defibrillation threshold (DFT) in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs). Significant discrepancies between ULV and DFT are infrequent. The aim of this study was to characterize patients with such discrepancies.</AbstractText>The ULV... |
2,242 | Ambulatory electrocardiogram-based tracking of T wave alternans in postmyocardial infarction patients to assess risk of cardiac arrest or arrhythmic death. | This is the first study to assess T wave alternans (TWA) analyzed from routine ambulatory electrocardiograms (AECGs) to identify postmyocardial infarction (post-MI) patients at increased risk for arrhythmic events.</AbstractText>The new method of modified moving average (MMA) analysis was used to measure TWA magnitude ... |
2,243 | Short QT Syndrome: a familial cause of sudden death. | A prolonged QT interval is associated with a risk for life-threatening events. However, little is known about prognostic implications of the reverse-a short QT interval. Several members of 2 different families were referred for syncope, palpitations, and resuscitated cardiac arrest in the presence of a positive family ... |
2,244 | Mapping and ablation of ventricular fibrillation associated with long-QT and Brugada syndromes. | The long-QT and Brugada syndromes are important substrates of malignant ventricular arrhythmia. The feasibility of mapping and ablation of ventricular arrhythmias in these conditions has not been reported.</AbstractText>Seven patients (4 men; age, 38+/-7 years; 4 with long-QT and 3 with Brugada syndrome) with episodes ... |
2,245 | Sudden arrhythmia death syndrome: importance of the long QT syndrome. | In approximately 5 percent of sudden cardiac deaths, no demonstrable anatomic abnormality is found. Some cases are caused by sudden arrhythmia death syndrome. A prolonged QT interval is a common thread among the various entities associated with sudden arrhythmia death syndrome. A number of drugs are known to cause QT p... |
2,246 | Ablate and pace revisited: long term survival and predictors of permanent atrial fibrillation. | To assess long term mortality and identify factors associated with the development of permanent atrial fibrillation after atrioventricular (AV) node ablation for drug refractory paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.</AbstractText>Retrospective cohort study.</AbstractText>UK tertiary centre teaching hospital.</AbstractText>Pa... |
2,247 | Proportion and prognosis of healthy people with coved or saddle-back type ST segment elevation in the right precordial leads during 10 years follow-up. | The aim of this study was to investigate long-term proportion and prognosis of healthy subjects with right precordial ST segment elevation without family history of sudden death.</AbstractText>We followed up electrocardiograms (ECGs) of 3339 healthy subjects (male/female 2646/693) who underwent periodical medical exami... |
2,248 | High prevalence of right ventricular involvement in endurance athletes with ventricular arrhythmias. Role of an electrophysiologic study in risk stratification. | Electrocardiographic abnormalities and premature ventricular contractions are common in athletes and are generally benign. However, the specific outcome of high-level endurance athletes with frequent and complex ventricular arrhythmias is unclear. Also, information on the predictive accuracy of different investigations... |
2,249 | Residual flow to the infarct zone against lethal ventricular tachyarrhythmias during the acute phase of myocardial infarction. | The benefits of residual flow to the infarct zone have been demonstrated in acute myocardial infarction (AMI), but its relation to ventricular tachyarrhythmias remains uncertain.</AbstractText>This study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that residual flow is an important determinant of lethal ventricular tachyarrh... |
2,250 | Implantable defibrillator therapy. | Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is the most important cause of death in the industrialised world. Treatment with antiarrhythmic drugs (AAD), however, proved disappointing in preventing SCD. From drugs with electrophysiological properties, only treatment with beta-blockers has been shown to improve clinical outcome. This lac... |
2,251 | Advances in ablation therapy for complex arrhythmias: atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia. | Catheter ablation has evolved over the past two decades to become first-line therapy for many cardiac arrhythmias. Multiple advances in the technology and understanding of radiofrequency ablation have allowed this technique to blossom into one of the most powerful therapeutic tools available to the electrophysiologist,... |
2,252 | Advances in the acute pharmacologic management of cardiac arrhythmias. | Safe and effective control of rapid ventricular rates in acute-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) can be accomplished with intravenous calcium antagonists, beta-blockers or amiodarone; digoxin is less effective. If pharmacologic cardioversion of AF is desired, single oral doses of propafenone or flecainide are safe and eff... |
2,253 | Pharmacologic management of atrial fibrillation in the elderly: rate control, rhythm control, and anticoagulation. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent major arrhythmia in the elderly. It may lead to significant morbidity and mortality through both primary cardiac effects and thromboembolic complications. It is controversial how aggressive physicians should be in their efforts to maintain normal sinus rhythm. Clearly, eld... |
2,254 | New indications for pacing. | This article reviews developments in four areas: single- versus dual-chamber pacing, pacing for prevention of atrial fibrillation (AF), pacing for the treatment of neuromediated syncope, and pacing in patients with congestive heart failure. Large, randomized clinical trials comparing physiologic and ventricular pacing ... |
2,255 | Frequency of ventricular fibrillation as predictor of one-year survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrests. | This study determined whether electrocardiographic analysis of ventricular fibrillation (VF) can predict 1-year survival from bystander-witnessed, out-of-hospital cardiac arrests of cardiac origin. VF was analyzed using fast-Fourier transformation in a community in which emergency medical technicians delivered shock wi... |
2,256 | Mortality, morbidity, and complications in 3344 patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators: results fron the German ICD Registry EURID. | ICDs are the therapy of choice in patients with life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. Mortality, morbidity, and complication rates including appropriate and inappropriate therapies are unknown when ICDs are used in routine medical care and not in well-defined patients included in multicenter trials. Therefore, the ... |
2,257 | Electrophysiological features of orthodromic atrioventricular reentry tachycardia in patients with wolff-Parkinson-white syndrome and atrial fibrillation. | The aim of this study was to compare the electrophysiological features of tachycardia between WPW patients with and without AF. The study population consisted of 114 patients with WPW syndrome and reciprocating tachycardia during electrophysiological study. Two groups were selected: group I with AF during the procedure... |
2,258 | Radiofrequency catheter ablation: different cooled and noncooled electrode systems induce specific lesion geometries and adverse effects profiles. | The success and safety of standard catheter radiofrequency ablation may be limited for ablation of atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia. The aim of this study was to characterize and compare different cooled and noncooled catheter systems in terms of their specific lesion geometry, incidence of impedance ris... |
2,259 | Effect of two new PBN-derived phosphorylated nitrones against postischaemic ventricular dysrhythmias. | Spin traps might exert antioxidant cardioprotective effects during myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion where free radicals are thought to be responsible for the occurrence of reperfusion injury. The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of two new alpha-phenyl N-tert-butylnitrone (PBN)-derived beta-phosphorylate... |
2,260 | [A case of coronary artery spasm during epidural anesthesia with continuous infusion of propofol]. | A 50-year-old male patient was scheduled for left partial pulmonary resection and biopsy. The patient had neither complication nor history of ischemic heart disease. After arriving in the operation room, an epidural catheter was inserted into the epidural space at the T 4-5 intervertebral space. Anesthesia was induced ... |
2,261 | [Suppression of frequent ventricular fibrillation attacks after induction of anesthesia with fentanyl, sevoflurane and propofol: a case report]. | We experienced emergency anesthetic management of a 51-year-old male for exchange of a battery in an implantable cardioverter defibrillator. He had repeated and intractable attacks of ventricular fibrillation (Vf) before induction of anesthesia. Infusion of propofol at 100 mg.hr-1 failed to suppress the Vf attacks in t... |
2,262 | [Hemodynamic collapse during off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting and optimization]. | The present study addressed the incidence of unpredicted hemodynamic collapse in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB). Since 1999, OPCAB was attempted in 114 patients without preoperative hemodynamic collapse to date. 95% patients of OPCAB were completed without percutaneous cardiopulmonary support (PCPS) a... |
2,263 | Intestinal ischaemia during cardiac arrest and resuscitation: comparative analysis of extracellular metabolites by microdialysis. | Intestinal ischaemia is a major complication of shock syndromes causing translocation of bacteria and endotoxins and multiple organ failure in intensive care patients. The present study was designed to use microdialysis as a tool to monitor intestinal ischaemia after cardiac arrest and resuscitation in pigs. For this p... |
2,264 | Effect of amiodarone on haemodynamics during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a canine model of resistant ventricular fibrillation. | Amiodarone has been shown to be superior to both placebo and lidocaine in improving survival to hospital admission for victims of out-of-hospital refractory ventricular fibrillation. Concern had been expressed about the known vasodilatatory effects of amiodarone if given without precedent vasoconstrictive medications. ... |
2,265 | Quality of CPR with three different ventilation:compression ratios. | Current adult basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) guidelines recommend a 2:15 ventilation:compression ratio, while the optimal ratio is unknown. This study was designed to compare arterial and mixed venous blood gas changes and cerebral circulation and oxygen delivery with ventilation:compression ratios of 2:15, ... |
2,266 | The epidemiology of cardiac arrest in children and young adults. | To describe the epidemiology of children and young adults suffering from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.</AbstractText>All patients suffering from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in whom, resuscitation efforts were attempted in the community of Göteborg between 1980 and 2000.</AbstractText>Between 31 October 1980 a... |
2,267 | Impact of rate versus rhythm control on quality of life in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation. Results from a prospective randomized study. | Despite the high prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF), there are only limited data on quality of life (QoL) stemming from prospective trials comparing rate versus rhythm control. This prospective study evaluated QoL in patients with symptomatic persistent AF randomized to therapy aiming at rate versus rhythm control.... |
2,268 | Quality of life in nonpharmacologic treatment of atrial fibrillation. | The mainstay of treatment for atrial fibrillation, AF, remains pharmacologic control, either by maintaining sinus rhythm or by controlling the ventricular rate and allowing AF to continue. In patients where pharmacologic therapy i not effective, not tolerated or contraindicated, nonpharmacologic treatment may be benefi... |
2,269 | Characterization of the in vivo cardiac electrophysiologic effects of high-dose cocaine in closed-chest, anesthetized dogs with normal hearts. | To characterize the cardiac electrophysiologic effects of cocaine.</AbstractText>In 8 dogs (9-13 kg), electrophysiologic parameters and programmed stimulation were undertaken using transvenous catheters at baseline, and after cocaine intravenous infusion (12 mg/kg bolus followed by 0.22 mg/kg/min for 25 minutes).</Abst... |
2,270 | Static filling pressure in patients during induced ventricular fibrillation. | The static pressure resulting after the cessation of flow is thought to reflect the filling of the cardiovascular system. In the past, static filling pressures or mean circulatory filling pressures have only been reported in experimental animals and in human corpses, respectively. We investigated arterial and central v... |
2,271 | Triphasic waveforms are superior to biphasic waveforms for transthoracic defibrillation: experimental studies. | Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of triphasic waveforms for transthoracic defibrillation in a swine model.</AbstractText>Triphasic shocks have been found to cause less post-shock dysfunction than biphasic shocks in chick embryo studies.</AbstractText>After 30 s of electrically induced ventricular fibrillation... |
2,272 | Ventricular repolarization components on the electrocardiogram: cellular basis and clinical significance. | Ventricular repolarization components on the surface electrocardiogram (ECG) include J (Osborn) waves, ST-segments, and T- and U-waves, which dynamically change in morphology under various pathophysiologic conditions and play an important role in the development of ventricular arrhythmias. Our primary objective in this... |
2,273 | Factor V Leiden mutation and its relation to left atrial thrombus in chronic nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation. | The genetic defect of coagulation factor V, known as factor V Leiden, produces a resistance to degradation by activated protein C and increased venous thrombosis. However, the role of factor V Leiden in the formation of left atrial thrombus with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation has not been studied. We investigated whe... |
2,274 | Cardiotoxicity of macrolides, ketolides and fluoroquinolones that prolong the QTc interval. | Macrolides, ketolides and fluoroquinolones as well as other classes of antimicrobial agents have been associated with prolongation of cardiac repolarisation. This effect is most notable with erythromycin, clarithromycin, gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin, levofloxacin and telithromycin. All of these agents produce a blockage ... |
2,275 | Off-pump right atrial thrombectomy for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia with thrombosis. | This report describes a 72-year-old woman with atrial fibrillation who presented with lower extremity ischemia secondary to thromboembolism. After lower extremity thrombectomy, the patient developed heparin-induced thrombocytopenia with thrombosis (HITT). Her postoperative course was complicated by recurrent supraventr... |
2,276 | Beyond Fontan conversion: Surgical therapy of arrhythmias including patients with associated complex congenital heart disease. | Arrhythmia operations may be extended to patients with failed ablation procedures or associated structural defects requiring surgical intervention. The purpose of this study is to review our experience with arrhythmia operations in 29 patients who did not have Fontan conversions after the introduction of catheter ablat... |
2,277 | Is the use of cardiopulmonary bypass for multivessel coronary artery bypass surgery an independent predictor of operative mortality in patients with ischemic left ventricular dysfunction? | l Coronary artery bypass grafting for patients with ischemic left ventricular dysfunction (ILVD) remains superior to medical therapy in terms of long-term survival. Recently, off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery has been shown to be very promising in achieving functional improvements with favorable operative mortali... |
2,278 | Adult presentation of MCAD deficiency revealed by coma and severe arrythmias. | We report the case of a 33-year-old man who presented with headaches and vomiting. Soon after admission he became drowsy and agitated, developed ventricular tachycardia and his neurological state worsened (Glasgow coma score 6). Blood analysis showed respiratory alkalosis, hyperlactacidemia (8 mmol/l), hyperammonemia (... |
2,279 | Tracking cardiac electrical instability by computing interlead heterogeneity of T-wave morphology. | Oscillations in T-wave morphology, particularly T-wave alternans (TWA), have been fundamentally linked to increased susceptibility to ventricular fibrillation (VF). We investigated whether the escalation in complexity of T-wave oscillations before VF is attributable to increased spatial heterogeneity of repolarization.... |
2,280 | [Non-pharmacologic treatment of atrial fibrillation]. | The authors provide an update on non-pharmacological treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). They emphasize that although antiarrhythmic drugs continue to be first-line therapy for the arrhythmia considered to be a cardiovascular epidemic, clinical research to develop non-pharmacological means of treatment has been unpr... |
2,281 | Effects of coupled pacing on cardiac performance during acute atrial tachycardia and fibrillation: an old therapy revisited for a new reason. | Atrial tachycardia (AT) and fibrillation (AF) result in rapid ventricular rates that are detrimental to optimal cardiac function. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the application of a coupled pacing (CP) regimen would improve ventricular function by decreasing the ventricular rate of mechanical contra... |
2,282 | Synchronization of ventricular fibrillation with real-time feedback pacing: implication to low-energy defibrillation. | Wavefront synchronization is an important aspect preceding the termination of ventricular fibrillation (VF). We evaluated the defibrillation efficacy of a novel multisite pacing algorithm using optical recording-guided synchronized pacing (SyncP) in the excitable gaps. We compared the effects of SyncP with traditional ... |
2,283 | [Consensus document for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation in hospital emergency departments]. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent arrhythmia in hospital emergency departments and is a serious disease associated with a twofold increase in morbidity and a high mortality rate. However, the management of AF in this scenario is variable and frequently inadequate. This is probably a consequence of the dive... |
2,284 | Calcium and cardiac arrhythmias: DADs, EADs, and alternans. | Rapid progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms by which calcium ions mediate certain cardiac arrhythmias. Principal advances include imaging of cytosolic calcium in isolated cells and in intact tissues, use of fluorescent indicators and monophasic action potentials to record membrane potentials ... |
2,285 | [Effect of calcium antagonists verapamil and amlodipine on the risk of development of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting]. | To assess effect of calcium antagonists amlodipine and verapamil on the risk of development of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass surgery.</AbstractText>Of 74 patients subjected to mammary artery and venous coronary bypass grafting with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass 19 received amlodipine and 21 - ver... |
2,286 | Prognostic significance of morphometric endomyocardial biopsy analysis in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. | To date, considerable controversy exists on the prognostic significance of morphometric endomyocardial biopsy findings in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC).</AbstractText>Quantitative analyses of interstitial structured tissue, myofibril volume fraction, and myocytic fiber diameters of left ventricu... |
2,287 | Recent advances in the treatment of arrhythmias. | Advances in endocardial mapping techniques and ablation have greatly increased the indications for catheter-ablation of supraventricular arrhythmias. Rate or rhythm control is a valid treatment option for patients with atrial fibrillation; however, all patients with one or more risk factors should be treated with oral ... |
2,288 | Diadenosine-5-phosphate exerts A1-receptor-mediated proarrhythmic effects in rabbit atrial myocardium. | (1) Diadenosine polyphosphates have been described to be present in the myocardium and exert purinergic- and nonreceptor-mediated effects. Since the electrophysiological properties of atrial myocardium are effectively regulated by A(1) receptors, we investigated the effect of diadenosine pentaphosphate (Ap(5)A) in rabb... |
2,289 | Heterogeneous regional endocardial repolarization is associated with increased risk for ischemia-dependent ventricular fibrillation after myocardial infarction. | Repolarization Heterogeneity and Sudden Death Risk.</AbstractText>The aim of this study was to investigate whether the characteristics of endocardial ventricular repolarization are associated with differential risk for sudden death. Prolonged surface QT interval is associated with increased arrhythmic risk after myocar... |
2,290 | Fiber orientation and cell-cell coupling influence ventricular fibrillation dynamics. | Cell Coupling Influences VF Dynamics.</AbstractText>The structure of ventricular fibrillation (VF) is influenced by regional differences in action potential durations and perhaps restitution kinetics and fiber anisotropy. The spatial organization of VF was investigated by measuring the cross-correlation (CC) and mutual... |
2,291 | Defibrillation causes immediate cardiac dilation in humans. | Defibrillation Causes Dilation.</AbstractText>Prior studies in isolated heart tissue have shown both excitation and deexcitation to be the primary mechanism of defibrillation. This article presents the first evidence in man of deexcitation immediately following defibrillation by tracking the heart's mechanical response... |
2,292 | Modulation of intracellular Ca(2+) concentration by tedisamil, a class III antiarrhythmic agent, in isolated heart preparation. | New class III antiarrhythmic/defibrillating compound tedisamil was shown to facilitate termination of atrial and ventricular fibrillation in experimental as well as clinical conditions. However, class III-related inhibition of K(+) current associated with prolongation of repolarization can not solely explain its defibr... |
2,293 | [Hemodynamic consequences of atrial fibrillation]. | Beside supraventricular extra beats, atrial fibrillation is the most common cardiac arrhythmia. Atrial fibrillation according to Douglas P. Zipes definition is an arrhythmia characterised by complete asynchronous atrial depolarisation, without following hemodynamic effective contraction. Atrial electric activity can be... |
2,294 | [Evaluating the first German diagnosis-related groups (G-DRG) in cardiological patients: problems in the correct medical and economic grouping]. | About three years ago, the German Government initiated a complete change in the reimbursement system for costs of the in-hospital treatment of patients. A commission of representatives from every component of the German health system decided to adapt the Australian refined Diagnosis Related Groups (AR-DRG system). The ... |
2,295 | Optimal defibrillation response intervals for maximum out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survival rates. | Many centers optimize their emergency medical services (EMS) systems to achieve a target defibrillation response interval of "call received by dispatch" to "arrival at scene by responder with defibrillator" in 8 minutes or less for at least 90% of cardiac arrest cases. The objective of this study was to analyze surviva... |
2,296 | Dynamic nature of electrocardiographic waveform predicts rescue shock outcome in porcine ventricular fibrillation. | Survival decreases with duration of ventricular fibrillation, and it is possible that failed rescue shocks increase myocardial damage. Structure in the ECG signal during ventricular fibrillation can be quantified by using the scaling exponent, a dimensionless measure that correlates with ventricular fibrillation durati... |
2,297 | Specificity and sensitivity of automated external defibrillator rhythm analysis in infants and children. | The rhythm detection algorithms of automated external defibrillators have been derived from adult rhythms, and their ability to discriminate between shockable and nonshockable rhythms in children is largely unknown. This study evaluates the performance of 1 automated external defibrillator algorithm in infants and chil... |
2,298 | Anesthetic preconditioning: effects on latency to ischemic injury in isolated hearts. | Anesthetic preconditioning (APC) is protective for several aspects of cardiac function and structure, including left ventricular pressure, coronary flow, and infarction. APC may be protective, however, only if the duration of ischemia is within a certain, as yet undefined range. Brief ischemia causes minimal injury, an... |
2,299 | [Long-term follow-up of enlargement annulus aortic valve replacement in small aortic root]. | To investigate the long-term survival of patients after aortic valve replacement with enlarged annulus.</AbstractText>From July 1988 to December 2001, the annulus was enlarged in 45 patients. The enlargement techniques included Manouguian's (39 patients), Nicks's (5) and konno's (1). Doppler echocardiography was perfor... |
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