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2,312,700 | Risks and benefits of hormone replacement therapy: the evidence speaks. | Until recently, observational studies suggested a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease, osteoporotic fractures, cognitive decline and colon cancer with the use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Recent randomized controlled trials have failed to show a protective effect of HRT in reducing the risk of coronary ar... |
2,312,701 | Alendronate prevents loss of bone density associated with discontinuation of hormone replacement therapy: a randomized controlled trial. | Many women using hormone replacement therapy (HRT) will discontinue HRT and lose its bone-protective effect. Methods to preserve bone density in these women need to be explored. This multicenter, international, randomized, blinded, 12-month study was conducted to assess the effect of alendronate sodium on bone density ... |
2,312,702 | Treatment of fish-processing wastewater by co-culture of Candida rugopelliculosa and Brachionus plicatilis. | This research was conducted as a part of the continuous development of a novel technique for managing fish-processing wastewater by cultivating proteolytic yeast, Candida rugopelliculosa, as possible diet of the rotifer, Brachionus plicatilis. It was feasible to use Alaska Pollack processing wastewater as a growth medi... |
2,312,703 | Study on the treatment of the sulfite pulp CEH bleaching effluents with the coagulation-anaerobic acidification-aeration package reactor. | The coagulation-anaerobic acidification-aeration package reactor was designed for the treatment of pulp CEH bleaching effluents, the efficiencies in CODcr, BOD(5), AOX and toxicity removal achieved were 88.1%, 81.0%, 98.4% and 92.0%, respectively, with 15 h HRT. The toxicity and AOX were removed mainly through coagulat... |
2,312,704 | Effects of alternative carbon sources on biological transformation of nitrophenols. | The removal of nitrophenols under denitrifying conditions was studied in bench-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors (R1, R2, R3 and R4) using three different carbon sources. Initially acetate was used as carbon source (substrate) in all the four reactors followed by glucose and methanol. Reactor R1 was... |
2,312,705 | The effects of hormone replacement therapy on sleep-disordered breathing in postmenopausal women: a pilot study. | To evaluate the impact of estrogen and estrogen plus progesterone hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) on mild-to-moderate sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in postmenopausal women.</AbstractText>Within-subjects, progesterone placebo-controlled prospective HRT trial in a clinical laboratory.</AbstractText>Six postmenopausa... |
2,312,706 | Regulative function of telomerase and extracellular regulated protein kinases to leukemic cell apoptosis. | In order to investigate the regulative function of telomerase and phosphorylated (activated) extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK) 1 and 2 in the leukemic cell lines HL-60 and K562 proliferation inhibition and apoptosis, three chemotherapeutic drugs Harringtonine (HRT), Vincristine (VCR) and Etoposide (Vp16) wer... |
2,312,707 | A common methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (C677T) polymorphism is associated with low bone mineral density and increased fracture incidence after menopause: longitudinal data from the Danish osteoporosis prevention study. | A polymorphism in the gene encoding methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) has recently been associated with bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal Japanese women. It is not known whether this effect is also present in European populations and whether it is caused by lower peak bone mass or accelerated postm... |
2,312,708 | Effects of hormone replacement therapy on mammographic findings. | To evaluate the effects of different hormone replacement therapy (HRT) protocols on mammographic findings. One-hundred-eighty-two women in menopause were recruited for this prospective study. Breast examination was performed and four basal mammograms were obtained in all cases. Eighty of the cases received HRT by estro... |
2,312,709 | Resistance training in postmenopausal women with and without hormone therapy. | The main purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of a 1-yr resistance-training program on body composition and muscle strength in postmenopausal women, and to describe the impact of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on body composition changes, with and without exercise. Secondarily, we wanted to study dose-res... |
2,312,710 | Effect of altered thyroid state on the in situ mechanical properties of adult cat soleus. | To determine the responsiveness of cat hindlimb muscles to thyroid manipulation, adult female cats were made hypothyroid (thyroidectomy plus tapazole treatment), hyperthyroid (synthroid pellets), or maintained euthyroid. After 4 months, the hypothyroid soleus had slower time-to-peak (TPT, 80%) and half-relaxation (HRT)... |
2,312,711 | Effect of force level and training status on contractile properties following fatigue. | This study examined the effects of fatigue on the contractile properties of the twitch contraction evoked by the H-reflex and the maximal M-wave. Untrained subjects demonstrated more pronounced slowing of half relaxation time (HRT) in the H-reflex twitch than in the M-wave twitch and also more slowing of HRT in high fo... |
2,312,712 | Polyomavirus hr-t mutant-specific induction of a G2/M cell-cycle arrest that is not overcome by the expression of middle T and/or small T. | The polyomavirus hr-t class of mutants has served as a major prototype to study the function of middle T + small T in the virus lytic cycle, Biochem. Biophys. Acta 695 (2), 69-95). The properties of these middle T + small T defective mutants were defined by comparisons with "wild-type" strains reconstructed by marker r... |
2,312,713 | Long-term survival of patients given hormonal therapy for metastatic endometrial stromal sarcoma. | Endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) is a rare neoplasm, mainly observed in premenopausal women. We describe two women 44 and 34 years old at the time ESS diagnosis, who developed lung metastases 3 and 6 years, respectively, after initial treatment: hysterectomy without (case 1) or with oophorectomy (case 2), followed by ... |
2,312,714 | Hormone replacement therapy and cognitive performance: the role of homocysteine. | Clinical trials have shown that estrogen reduces levels of homocysteine, and recent work has shown that elevated homocysteine increases the risk of incident dementia. However, no studies have investigated whether reduction of homocysteine is a mechanism by which estrogen enhances cognitive functioning. The aim of this ... |
2,312,715 | Effects of postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy on HbA(1c) levels. | Estrogen seems to contribute to glucose homeostasis in women. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on HbA(1c) levels in Japanese postmenopausal women and to determine whether the effects varied with age.</AbstractText>We studied 99 postmenopausal women taking HRT (... |
2,312,716 | Effects of hormone replacement therapy on serum angiotensin-converting enzyme activity and plasma bradykinin in postmenopausal women according to angiotensin-converting enzyme-genotype. | An insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene determines serum ACE levels. The D allele is associated with increased ACE activity and is linked to cardiovascular disease. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in postmenopausal women (PMW) decreases serum ACE activity and concomita... |
2,312,717 | [Hormone replacement therapy, proliferation in the breast and risk of carcinoma]. | The objective of the study was to investigate the changes of histopathological and immunohistochemical parameters of breast tissue among the HRT users.</AbstractText>Prospective, pilot study.</AbstractText>Departments of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Pathology and Radiology of the 2nd Medical School, Charles University an... |
2,312,718 | Effects of short-term transdermal hormone replacement therapy on glycaemic control, lipid metabolism, C-reactive protein and proteinuria in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes or hypertension. | The study was carried out to evaluate the effects of short-term transdermal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on glycaemic control, lipid metabolism, C-reactive protein (CRP) and proteinuria in high-risk postmenopausal women.</AbstractText>A total of 20 well-controlled type 2 diabetic, hypertensive and 21 well-controll... |
2,312,719 | The inhibitory effects of lindane in batch and upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors. | In this study, the inhibitory effects of lindane (LIN) on originally unacclimated mixed anaerobic cultures were investigated by anaerobic toxicity assay (ATA) experiments. ATA experiments revealed that 10 mg/l LIN exerted inhibitory effects on anaerobic cultures, which was recoverable. Continuous reactor experiments co... |
2,312,720 | A phase I trial of etanidazole and hyperfractionated radiotherapy in children with diffuse brainstem glioma. | To determine the toxicity and maximum tolerated dose of etanidazole administered concurrently with hyperfractionated radiation therapy (HRT) for children with brainstem glioma.</AbstractText>Eighteen patients with brainstem glioma were treated with etanidazole and HRT on a dose escalation protocol (Phase I trial) betwe... |
2,312,721 | [Frequency-doubling perimetry in examination of open-angle glaucoma with hemifield defect]. | To determine whether frequency-doubling perimetry (FDP) can find visual field defect of early glaucoma which can not be found by conventional perimetry.</AbstractText>Forty-nine eyes of 49 patients with open-angle glaucoma and hemifield defect detected by Humphery Field Analyzer (HFA) were tested by both FDP (threshold... |
2,312,722 | Hormonal and embryonic regulation of chemokine receptors CXCR1, CXCR4, CCR5 and CCR2B in the human endometrium and the human blastocyst. | Chemokines are implicated in the implantation process. The aim of this study was to investigate mRNA expression and protein levels of chemokine receptors CXCR1, CXCR4, CCR5 and CCR2B in human endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle, during HRT and in the human blastocyst. The regulation of chemokine receptors in the... |
2,312,723 | Women's knowledge of and attitudes towards hormone replacement therapy. | Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) could benefit women who have reached the natural menopause, have had a hysterectomy or have a family history of osteoporosis.</AbstractText>Our aim was to monitor changes in women's knowledge of, and attitudes towards, HRT since 1991.</AbstractText>The study was a repeat of a postal su... |
2,312,724 | Phytoestrogens for hormone replacement therapy? | Due to some severe side effects "classical" hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is currently being challenged by a therapy with phytoestrogens. Particularly soy and red clover derived isoflavones are advertised as selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) with only desired and no undesired estrogenic effects. Eviden... |
2,312,725 | The menopause, hormone replacement therapy and breast cancer. | Concern exists that the reduction in breast cancer risk associated with the onset of the menopause will be negated with exposure to hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Evidence from large-scale randomised HRT trials support observational data that have shown a modest increase in breast cancer risk with long-term use (i.... |
2,312,726 | [Hormone replacement therapy, better aging, molecular genetic diagnostics and the image of the gynaecologist]. | The benefit of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for the treatment of menopausal symptoms is well accepted. In contrast, the debate about long-term consequences as a result of continued hormone replacement has recently been reactivated by the publication of results from the Women's Health Initiative Study. The concept ... |
2,312,727 | Compliance with hormone replacement therapy in Thai women. | A retrospective study was performed to determine the compliance of hormone replacement therapy (HRT), the characteristics of women who continue to use HRT and the reasons for discontinuation. This study comprised of 821 postmenopausal women who attended the menopause clinic between January 1993 and December 1997. A tot... |
2,312,728 | [The effectiveness of estrogen replacement therapy to reduce ischemic heart disease--revaluation]. | Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death of postmenopausal women in developed countries. One of the main reasons for providing hormone treatment for women was the possible prevention of ischemic heart disease (IHD). There are many cellular and molecular studies showing the effectiveness of estrogen in reduc... |
2,312,729 | Health status of users of hormone replacement therapy by hysterectomy status in Western Australia. | To compare the demographic, behavioural, and biological correlates of use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in women with an intact uterus and women who have undergone hysterectomy.</AbstractText>Cross sectional analysis of data from the Busselton Health Study and the 1994 Healthway-National Heart Foundation Risk Fa... |
2,312,730 | Effect of long-term treatment with steroid hormones or tamoxifen on the progesterone receptor and androgen receptor in the endometrium of ovariectomized cynomolgus macaques. | The progesterone receptor (PR) and androgen receptor (AR) belong to the nuclear receptor superfamily. Two isoforms of PR (A and B) have been identified with different functions. The expression of AR, each isoform of PR and their involvement in long-term effects on the endometrium after hormonal replacement therapy (HRT... |
2,312,731 | Filamentous bulking control by sponge media in lab-scale SBR process. | Polyurethane foam sponge media were examined with respect to their ability to control filamentous bulking in a sequencing batch reactor process. In a high-rate nutrient removal study conducted with a 201 lab-scale reactor and synthetic wastewater of approximately 200 mgBOD 1(1), the presence of 20% v/v sponge media in ... |
2,312,732 | HRT does not improve urinary albumin excretion in postmenopausal diabetic women. | The effect of 6 months combined, continuous hormone replacement therapy (HRT) with conjugated equine oestrogen (0.625 mg) and medroxyprogesterone acetate (2.5 mg) on albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) was determined in postmenopausal diabetic women in a randomised, controlled study. Mean (interquartile range) change in pla... |
2,312,733 | Managing menopause: a qualitative analysis of self-help literature for women at midlife. | This article reports on a qualitative social constructionist analysis that aims to examine the ways in which menopause and women's bodies are represented in self-help texts. In particular, we aim to compare texts with a more traditional 'medical' approach and others taking a more 'woman-centred' perspective. Four diver... |
2,312,734 | Determination of optic cup depth by confocal scanning laser tomography. | To assess whether confocal scanning laser tomography of the optic disc and clinical ophthalmoscopy using stereoscopic optic disc photographs, agree in the evaluation of the deepest part of the optic cup.</AbstractText>The study included 33 eyes of patients with focal normal-pressure glaucoma. Using 15 degrees color ste... |
2,312,735 | Use of antiresorptive drugs among older women: a case study in Wisconsin. | The factors contributing to the use of antiresorptive therapies (ARTs) and differentiating the ARTs used were examined. A list of names of community-dwelling persons 65 years or older living in Wisconsin was obtained, and 2100 individuals were selected (1050 men and 1050 women) to receive the 10-page survey instrument.... |
2,312,736 | Effects of exercise training and hormone replacement therapy on lean and fat mass in postmenopausal women. | Menopause is associated with decreases in lean mass and increases in fat mass. Serum hormone levels and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may modify the effects of exercise training on body composition in postmenopausal women.</AbstractText>We assessed the changes in total body and regional lean soft tissue and fat mas... |
2,312,737 | Cartilage turnover assessed with a newly developed assay measuring collagen type II degradation products: influence of age, sex, menopause, hormone replacement therapy, and body mass index. | Cartilage normally has a slow turnover but in arthritis increased metabolism results in degradation of the tissue.</AbstractText>To assess cartilage turnover in a sample of the general population by an assay measuring cartilage derived urinary collagen type II (CTX-II) C-telopeptide degradation products.</AbstractText>... |
2,312,738 | Relationship between serum leptin concentration and low-density muscle in postmenopausal women. | The accretion of fat within skeletal muscle has been associated with metabolic abnormalities. Leptin increases muscle fatty acid oxidation and triglyceride hydrolysis. Therefore, leptin concentrations may affect muscle fat content. The objective of this study was to determine if serum leptin concentrations were associa... |
2,312,739 | Soy protein has a greater effect on bone in postmenopausal women not on hormone replacement therapy, as evidenced by reducing bone resorption and urinary calcium excretion. | Recent reports suggest that soy protein may reduce the risk of osteoporosis in peri- and postmenopausal women. The objective of this study was to examine whether soy supplementation exerts beneficial effects on serum and urinary biomarkers of bone metabolism in postmenopausal women, regardless of whether or not they ar... |
2,312,740 | Hormone replacement therapy containing progestins and given continuously increases breast carcinoma risk in Sweden. | The authors previously reported an increased risk of breast carcinoma with longer duration of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) use. It is unclear if different types of HRT confer different risks.</AbstractText>In this study, a population-based cohort of 29,508 women were interviewed during 1990-1992 to determine wheth... |
2,312,741 | Comparison of the difference in histopathology and cell cycle kinetics among the postmenopausal endometrium treated with different progestins in sequential-combined hormone replacement therapy. | To investigate the difference in histopathology and cell cycle kinetics in the menopausal endometrium treated with sequential-combined hormone replacement therapy (HRT) using different types and doses of progestins.</AbstractText>A randomized, double-blind, 1-year study was conducted. In a menopause clinic of a univers... |
2,312,742 | Clinical and personal relationships between oral contraceptive and hormone replacement therapy use among US women physicians. | To examine relationships between a history of oral contraceptive (OC) use and current use of or intention to use hormone replacement therapy (HRT).</AbstractText>The Women Physicians' Health Study examined a stratified random sample of US women MDs, aged 30 to 70 years (4,501 respondents; a 59% response rate).</Abstrac... |
2,312,743 | Hormone replacement therapy use over a decade in an Australian population. | To describe the prevalence of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) during the 1990s in an Australian population and the length of time this therapy has been used. Design Data were obtained from five biennial representative population face-to-face interview surveys of the South Australian population from 1991 to 2000, and ... |
2,312,744 | Combined hormone replacement therapy and risk of breast cancer in a French cohort study of 3175 women. | The largest-to-date randomized trial (Women's Health Initiative) comparing the effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and a placebo concluded that the continuous use of an oral combination of conjugated equine estrogens (CEE) and medroxy-progesterone acetate (MPA) increases the risk of breast cancer. This conclus... |
2,312,745 | WISDOM: history and early demise - was it inevitable? | In 1989, the UK Medical Research Council (MRC) agreed that, if feasible, a randomized controlled trial to assess the long-term risks and benefits of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) was a priority. Feasibility work began in 1990 and demonstrated that a large-scale multicenter trial was possible. An application for fun... |
2,312,746 | Hormone replacement therapy counseling: prevalence and predictors. | To evaluate the prevalence of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) counseling and to investigate the relationship between patients' cultural background and healthcare professionals' counseling practices. HRT is the principal preventive intervention for reducing risk of menopause-related pathologic conditions. This study a... |
2,312,747 | Effects of sex steroid hormones and menopause on serum leptin concentrations. | Leptin is a protein secreted by adipocytes; its circulating levels are correlated to fat mass and it acts on the hypothalamic centers regulating body weight. Leptin may also play an important role in regulating reproductive function. Indeed, ob/ob mice, lacking leptin due to a genetic mutation, are obese and infertile;... |
2,312,748 | Hormone replacement therapy in women with a history of breast cancer. | Health care professionals in modern Western societies will meet an increasing number of women surviving breast cancer. How the menopause of these women should be treated is still an open question. Use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may, at least in theory, increase the risk for recurrence of cancer, but its categ... |
2,312,749 | Actions of lyotropic anions on the mechanical properties of fast and slow twitch rat muscles at different temperatures. | The effects of lyotropic (swelling) anions (Cl(-), Br(-), NO(3)(-) and I(-)) on contractile properties of fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and slow-twitch soleus (SOL) muscles were investigated in vitro at 20 degrees C and 35 degrees C. Isolated muscles bathed in anionic Tyrode solution were stimulated direc... |
2,312,750 | Growth hormone increases bone mineral content in postmenopausal osteoporosis: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. | Eighty osteoporotic, postmenopausal women, 50-70 years of age, with ongoing estrogen therapy (HRT), were randomized to recombinant human growth hormone (GH), 1.0 U or 2.5 U/day, subcutaneous, versus placebo. This study was double-blinded and lasted for 18 months. The placebo group then stopped the injections, but both ... |
2,312,751 | [A submerged dynamic membrane bioreactor for domestic wastewater treatment]. | The dynamic membrane forming on the surface of 0.1 mm Dacron mesh was utilized instead of static membrane, e.g. hollow fiber membrane, to develop a submerged dynamic membrane bioreactor (DMBR). The DMBR had high quality effluents when treating domestic wastewater at HRT = 3.5 h. The dynamic membrane could work steadily... |
2,312,752 | Women awaiting hysterectomy: a qualitative study of issues involved in decisions about oophorectomy. | Women awaiting abdominal hysterectomy have a further decision to take--whether or not to undergo a prophylactic oophorectomy. Prophylactic oophorectomy (removal of healthy ovaries) is commonly undertaken as an adjunct to hysterectomy to prevent ovarian cancer in women who are already having a hysterectomy for menorrhag... |
2,312,753 | Comparison of laboratory-scale thermophilic biofilm and activated sludge processes integrated with a mesophilic activated sludge process. | A combined thermophilic-mesophilic wastewater treatment was studied using a laboratory-scale thermophilic activated sludge process (ASP) followed by mesophilic ASP or a thermophilic suspended carrier biofilm process (SCBP) followed by mesophilic ASP, both systems treating diluted molasses (dilution factor 1:500 corresp... |
2,312,754 | Pro-inflammatory effects of oestrogens during use of oral contraceptives and hormone replacement treatment. | The effects of two third-generation monophasic combined oral contraceptives (COC) and a postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) consisting of 2 mg 17 beta-oestradiol on the plasma level of the acute-phase indicator C-reactive protein (CRP) and other acute-phase reactants were analysed. Two studies were conduct... |
2,312,755 | Decolorization of azo dye using PVA-immobilized microorganisms. | A microbial consortium having a high capacity for rapid decolorization of azo dye (RED RBN) was immobilized by a phosphorylated polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gel. The immobilized-cell beads exhibited a color removal capability of 75%, even at a high concentration of RED RBN (500 mg l(-1)) within 12 h using flask culture. The... |
2,312,756 | 17beta-estradiol reduces plasma Abeta40 for HRT-naïve postmenopausal women with Alzheimer disease: a preliminary study. | One mechanism to support the potentially beneficial effects of estrogen in the brain for postmenopausal women potentially involves the hormone's ability to favorably alter the processing of amyloid-precursor protein (APP), believed to play an important role in the pathobiology of Alzheimer disease (AD). The authors eva... |
2,312,757 | Pharmacology of Cimicifuga racemosa extract BNO 1055 in rats: bone, fat and uterus. | Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has therapeutic effects on climacteric complaints and prevents osteoporosis. Owing to the increased risks of breast cancer and cardiovascular diseases, patients look for alternatives. Cimicifuga racemosa (CR) preparations might be an alternative, because they proved to reduce climacter... |
2,312,758 | Optic disc excavation in the atrophic stage of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy: comparison with normal tension glaucoma. | Abnormal optic disc excavations are reportedly seen in patients with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), a mitochondrial dysfunction disease. We examined the disc morphology in the eyes of patients with LHON at the atrophic stage and compared it to that in eyes with normal-tension glaucoma (NTG).</AbstractText>... |
2,312,759 | Regulation of cell growth and the expression of extracellular matrix proteins in colorectal adenocarcinoma: a fibroblast-tumor cell coculture model to study tumor-host interactions in vitro. | The production of abundant connective tissue within malignant tumors, the so-called desmoplastic stromal reaction, is a hallmark of colorectal adenocarcinomas. This stroma is produced to a large extent by myofibroblasts and contains various amounts of collagens (type I, III, and V), chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, hy... |
2,312,760 | Flow cytometry versus histamine release analysis of in vitro basophil degranulation in allergy to Hymenoptera venom. | Flow cytometry (FCM) has been proposed for specific allergy in vitro testing. We investigated its biological significance for allergy to Hymenoptera venoms and compared it with the routinely performed basophil histamine release test (HRT).</AbstractText>Blood samples from 26 allergic and 8 nonallergic donors were incub... |
2,312,761 | [Indications for hormone replacement therapy]. | The purpose of the present study is to evaluate indications and contraindications, advisability and compliance of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in women in the climacteric who, owing to the cessation of ovarian activity, face loss of the state of present and future wellbeing.</AbstractText>A series of 602 women who... |
2,312,762 | Sex steroids, ANGELS and osteoporosis. | Osteoporosis is characterized by reduced bone density and strength. Bone mass peaks between age 30 and 40 and then declines. This can be accelerated by factors including menopause and insufficient dietary calcium. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is currently the standard treatment for osteoporosis. However, growing c... |
2,312,763 | Documentation of preventive education and screening for osteoporosis. | The purpose of this study was to identify provider documentation practices related to osteoporosis prevention and screening for women aged 40 to 65 years and to determine whether documentation practices differ by type of provider. The setting was an obstetric/gynecologic clinic of a large metropolitan health maintenanc... |
2,312,764 | Awareness of personal healthcare and menopause in menopausal women in Israel. | Menopause affects women's health and well-being, but their knowledge of proper care and maintenance is uncertain.</AbstractText>To assess the attitude and approach of the healthy, low risk, postmenopausal population in Israel to personal healthcare and menopause.</AbstractText>The study population comprised 500 menopau... |
2,312,765 | Body composition modulates the effects of hormone replacement therapy on growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I levels in postmenopausal women. | To examine the relationships of body composition with basal serum estrone, estradiol, androstenedione, cortisol, growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels in 73 postmenopausal women.</AbstractText>Cross-sectional study of hormone levels and body composition determined by dual-energy X-ray abso... |
2,312,766 | Effects of long-term oral hormone replacement therapy on plasma nitric oxide and beta-endorphin levels in postmenopausal women. | The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between plasma nitric oxide (NO) and beta-endorphin levels in women using hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for 12 months.</AbstractText>Our study group was composed of 55 patients who were in at least their second postmenopausal year. Of the 55 patients, 25 were in... |
2,312,767 | Effects of low-dose, continuous combined estradiol and noretisterone acetate on menopausal quality of life in early postmenopausal women. | To describe the effects of low dose hormonal replacement therapy (LD-HRT) on quality of life in early postmenopausal women, since the postmenopausal estrogen deprivation in mid age women often brings along a series of changes and symptoms, which may greatly affect quality of life.</AbstractText>Fifty normal postmenopau... |
2,312,768 | Is hormone replacement therapy associated with an increased risk of irritable bowel syndrome? | Hormonal status could be involved in the occurrence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The authors examined the risk of developing IBS in women using hormone replacement therapy (HRT).</AbstractText>Women 50-69 years old with at least one prescription for HRT during 1994-1999 were identified from the General Practice R... |
2,312,769 | Pharmacotherapeutics for osteoporosis prevention and treatment. | Osteoporosis is a silent disease that affects 10 million Americans; 80% of those affected are women. Although the disease is more common in postmenopausal Caucasian women, all ages and races are at risk. Osteoporosis can be a debilitating disease that can cause pain, fractures, depression, and social withdrawal. Signs ... |
2,312,770 | HRT and vitamins C and E do not improve coronary disease in women. | Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and antioxidant vitamin supplements (vitamins E and C) do not provide cardiovascular benefit for postmenopausal women with known coronary heart disease. Moreover, a potential for harm exists with each of the treatments. Therefore, neither should be prescribed specifically for cardiovas... |
2,312,771 | Study on stereometric parameters of optic nerve head of normal, big-cupped disk and glaucomatous eyes using Heidelberg retina tomograph. | To investigate the difference of stereometric parameters of optic nerve head between the normal subjects and patients with big-cupped disk and primary open angle glaucoma(POAG).</AbstractText>Twenty-two cases (44 eyes) of normal subjects, 17 cases (34 eyes) of patients with big-cupped disk and 19 cases (37 eyes) of pat... |
2,312,772 | Hydrogen production from wastewater by acidogenic granular sludge. | Sludge was granulated in a hydrogen-producing acidogenic reactor when operated at 26 degrees C, pH 5.5 treating a sucrose-rich wastewater. The influence of hydraulic retention time (HRT) and sucrose concentration on hydrogen production by the acidogenic granular sludge was investigated at a constant loading rate of 25 ... |
2,312,773 | Performance and membrane fouling in a pilot scale SBR process coupled with membrane. | The performance of the pilot-scale submerged membrane coupled with sequencing batch reactor (SM-SBR) for upgrading effluent quality was investigated in this study. The reactor was operated with 3-hour cycle with alternating anoxic and aerobic conditions to treat organics, nitrogen and phosphate. Despite various influen... |
2,312,774 | A submerged tubular ceramic membrane bioreactor for high strength wastewater treatment. | A 4 L submerged tubular ceramic membrane bioreactor (MBR) was applied in laboratory scale to treat 2,400 mg-COD/L high strength wastewater. A prolonged sludge retention time (SRT) of 200 day, in contrast to the conventional SRT of 5 to 15 days, was explored in this study, aiming to reduce substantially the amount of di... |
2,312,775 | Daily treatment with parathyroid hormone is associated with an increase in vertebral cross-sectional area in postmenopausal women with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. | Daily treatment with hPTH (1-34) is associated with a significant increase in bone formation which results in large gains in lumbar spine bone mass. However, bone formation is known to occur on trabecular, endocortical and periosteal surfaces. The purpose of this study was to determine whether daily treatment with hPTH... |
2,312,776 | Risk factors associated with peri- and postmenopausal bone loss: does HRT prevent weight loss-related bone loss? | In the present study we evaluated the risk factors associated with peri- and postmenopausal bone loss and the effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on weight-loss-related bone loss. The study population, 940 peri- and postmenopausal women, was selected from a random sample (n = 2025) of the OSTPRE study cohort (n... |
2,312,777 | Potential of biogas recirculation to enhance biomass accumulation on supporting media. | Two lab-scale anaerobic hybrid reactors (AHR) were operated to investigate the effect of recirculated biogas on the development of biomass on supporting media during the start-up. The reactor comprised of two distinct zones; sludge bed on the bottom and packed bed using nylon fiber as the media on the upper half of the... |
2,312,778 | Effects of exercise training on bone remodeling, insulin-like growth factors, and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with and without hormone replacement therapy. | The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of 12 months of weight bearing and resistance exercise on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone remodeling (bone formation and bone resorption) in 2 groups of postmenopausal women either with or without hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Secondary aims were to charac... |
2,312,779 | Deaf women: experiences and perceptions of healthcare system access. | The authors investigated the knowledge, attitudes, and healthcare experiences of Deaf women.</AbstractText>Interviews with 45 deaf women who participated in focus groups in American Sign Language were translated, transcribed, and analyzed. Deaf women's understanding of women's health issues, knowledge of health vocabul... |
2,312,780 | Development of a novel process for the biological conversion of H2S and methanethiol to elemental sulfur. | The feasibility of anaerobic treatment of wastewater containing methanethiol (MT), an extremely volatile and malodorous sulfur compound, was investigated in lab-scale bioreactors. Inoculum biomass originating from full-scale anaerobic wastewater treatment facilities was used. Several sludges, tested for their ability t... |
2,312,781 | Influence of hormone replacement therapy on C-reactive protein: population-based data. | Observational data, possibly resulting from confounding due to self-selection, show that use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is associated with reduced coronary risk, while randomized trial data do not. One possible explanation for the trial findings is that adverse effects of HRT-- such as an elevation of C-react... |
2,312,782 | Hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women with Alzheimer's disease: a randomized, prospective study. | To compare the therapeutic efficacy of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and tacrine in Alzheimer's disease.</AbstractText>Six-month, randomized, open-label study.</AbstractText>University hospital.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="PATIENT(S)" NlmCategory="METHODS">Fifty-five women with mild to moderate Alzheimer's d... |
2,312,783 | Effects of estrogen and psychological stress on plasma homocysteine levels. | To investigate the effects of estrogen (E) and psychological stress on plasma total homocysteine levels in relation to menopausal status.</AbstractText>Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study.</AbstractText>The General Clinical Research Center of a university hospital.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="PATI... |
2,312,784 | Tear function changes of postmenopausal women in response to hormone replacement therapy. | The goal of this study was to search the effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on tear function changes in postmenopausal women.</AbstractText>Following initial ophtalmic evaluation and tear sample collection, the subjects were given daily 0.625 mg conjugated estrogen, and either continuous combined or cyclic 5 m... |
2,312,785 | A pilot study comparing the clinical effects of Jia-Wey Shiau-Yau San, a traditional Chinese herbal prescription, and a continuous combined hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women with climacteric symptoms. | Interest in use of alternative remedies for managing menopausal symptoms is increasing exponentially during these years. Jia-Wey Shiau-Yau San (JWSYS), one of the traditional Chinese herbal prescriptions, is a famous herbal remedy used for the management of various menopausal-related symptoms. A randomized, controlled ... |
2,312,786 | Hormone replacement therapy dissociates fat mass and bone mass, and tends to reduce weight gain in early postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled 5-year clinical trial of the Danish Osteoporosis Prevention Study. | The aim of this study was to study the influence of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on weight changes, body composition, and bone mass in early postmenopausal women in a partly randomized comprehensive cohort study design. A total of 2016 women ages 45-58 years from 3 months to 2 years past last menstrual bleeding we... |
2,312,787 | Relation of androgen receptor gene polymorphism to bone mineral density and fracture risk in early postmenopausal women during a 5-year randomized hormone replacement therapy trial. | In women, the influence of androgens on bone health is not clear. It has been suggested that the androgen receptor (AR) genotype is associated with bone mineral density and serum androgen levels in pre- and perimenopausal women, but the association between AR genotype, bone mineral density, and fracture risk has not be... |
2,312,788 | Postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy use decreases oxidative protein damage.<Pagination><StartPage>88</StartPage><EndPage>93</EndPage><MedlinePgn>88-93</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText Label="OBJECTIVES" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">The aim of this study is to evaluate oxidative protein damage (OPD) by... | We determined the short-term intra-individual variability for each parameter of the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph II (HRT II). Therefore we examined prospectively 20 healthy volunteers 3 times within 2 weeks. The variability was expressed as the coefficient of variation for each parameter. The short-term intra-individual... |
2,312,789 | Vaginal ring delivery of hormone replacement therapy--a review. | Vaginal ring delivery systems are a highly promising approach to hormone replacement therapy (HRT). The vagina is an excellent route for steroid absorption. Menopausal vaginal rings can be designed to allow very low dose local delivery of oestrogen to the vagina for the large percentage of postmenopausal women experien... |
2,312,790 | Morphological and functional characteristics of skeletal muscle fibers from hormone-replaced and nonreplaced postmenopausal women. | We tested the hypothesis that cross-bridge mechanisms of contraction differed in early postmenopausal women who did or did not receive hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Vastus lateralis biopsies were obtained from 17 postmenopausal women (49-57 years old), 8 of whom were on HRT for the previous 24 +/- 5 months and 9 o... |
2,312,791 | Individual and combined effects of age, breast density, and hormone replacement therapy use on the accuracy of screening mammography. | The relationships among breast density, age, and use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in breast cancer detection have not been fully evaluated.</AbstractText>To determine how breast density, age, and use of HRT individually and in combination affect the accuracy of screening mammography.</AbstractText>Prospective c... |
2,312,792 | [Glaucoma diagnosis with the GDx and measurement of nerve fibre thickness (RTA)]. | Damage of retinal nerve fibres is an early sign of glaucoma.Therefore, a quantitative determination of nerve fibres would be an ideal technique for early glaucoma diagnosis. This can be realized by the GDx which uses nerve fibre polarimetry to measure the thickness of the parapapillary nerve fibre layer.A single GDx me... |
2,312,793 | Is there any rationale for prescribing hormone replacement therapy (HRT) to prevent or to treat osteoarthritis? | During the last two decades of the 20th century, hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has been considered as the sole pharmacological approach for counterbalancing or mitigating the effects of estrogens deprivation in post-menopausal women. Subsequently, HRT has been widely recommended for the management of chronic diseas... |
2,312,794 | HES and HERP families: multiple effectors of the Notch signaling pathway. | Notch signaling dictates cell fate and critically influences cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis in metazoans. Multiple factors at each step-ligands, receptors, signal transducers and effectors-play critical roles in executing the pleiotropic effects of Notch signaling. Ligand-binding results in proteoly... |
2,312,795 | Visual function in menopause: the role of hormone replacement therapy. | To assess the effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on visual function after menopause.</AbstractText>This study was conducted on 80 postmenopausal women aged 52 to 70 years. Women were randomly divided into two groups: 40 women were treated by oral HRT (equine conjugated estrogens 0.625 mg/day + dydrogesterone ... |
2,312,796 | A comparison of therapy continuation rates of different hormone replacement agents: a 9-month retrospective, longitudinal analysis of pharmacy claims among new users. | To estimate the rate of therapy continuation among women using six different hormone replacement therapies (HRTs).</AbstractText>A retrospective, longitudinal analysis of pharmacy claims data was conducted for 7,120 women who were new users of six HRT regimens. Continuation rates of therapies were examined at the end o... |
2,312,797 | Weight lifted in strength training predicts bone change in postmenopausal women. | The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between weight lifted in 1 yr of progressive strength training and change in bone mineral density (BMD) in a group of calcium-replete, postmenopausal women.</AbstractText>As part of a large clinical trial, 140 calcium-supplemented women, 44-66 yr old, were randomize... |
2,312,798 | Blood flow per unit retinal nerve fibre tissue volume is lower in the human inferior retina. | To determine if perfusion per unit tissue volume of retinal nerve fibre layer and optic nerve head in the inferior sector is lower than in the superior sector.</AbstractText>Heidelberg retinal tomogram (HRT) for topographic measurement of optic nerve head and retinal nerve fibre layer and Heidelberg retinal flowmeter (... |
2,312,799 | The phenotype of normal tension glaucoma patients with and without OPA1 polymorphisms. | Polymorphisms in OPA1, the gene responsible for autosomal dominant optic atrophy, were recently found to be strongly associated with normal tension glaucoma (NTG). The aim of this study was to determine whether OPA1 polymorphisms affect the phenotype of NTG patients.</AbstractText>A retrospective analysis was performed... |
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