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2,312,900 | Evaluation of patient information Internet web sites about menopause and hormone replacement therapy. | To evaluate quality of web based information on the menopause and hormone replacement therapy, to identify whether site ownership is an indicator of both web site and content quality, and therefore to provide guidance for healthcare professionals over which sites are suitable for recommendation to patients.</AbstractTe... |
2,312,901 | Attitude towards health and hormone replacement therapy among female obstetrician-gynecologists in Israel. | To assess Israeli women gynecologists toward their own health, their health related behaviors and to assess attitude towards and the use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT).</AbstractText>Ninety five actively employed hospital and community women gynecologist completed a questionnaire on attitude towards self-health, ... |
2,312,902 | Prevalence and determinants of hormone replacement therapy in German women 1984-1995. | To describe trends in prevalence and determinants of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in German women.</AbstractText>Three representative samples of women in Augsburg, Germany were examined in the MONICA surveys in 1984/85 (45-64 years; N=1013), 1989/90 and 1994/95 (both 45-74 years; N=1496 and 1475) by interview and ... |
2,312,903 | Hormone replacement therapy and coronary heart disease in women: a review of the evidence. | It is well documented that coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death in women-especially postmenopausal women. The role of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in prevention of CHD has been considered for many years. Early epidemiological studies suggested estrogen to have a potential cardioprotective rol... |
2,312,904 | Effects of the natural and artificial menstrual cycle on the production of osteoprotegerin and the bone resorptive cytokines IL-1beta and IL-6. | Bone remodelling changes within the menstrual cycle. Though the luteal phase is accompanied by decreased bone resorption, it is also paradoxically a time of increased production of bone resorptive cytokines. The present study examined the hypothesis that changes in serum osteoprotegerin (OPG) within the menstrual cycle... |
2,312,905 | An algorithm including results of gray-scale and power Doppler ultrasound examination to predict endometrial malignancy in women with postmenopausal bleeding. | To determine if power Doppler ultrasound examination of the endometrium can contribute to a correct diagnosis of endometrial malignancy in women with postmenopausal bleeding and endometrium > or = 5 mm.</AbstractText>Eighty-three women with postmenopausal bleeding and endometrium > or = 5 mm underwent gray-scale ... |
2,312,906 | [Effects of estrogen replacement therapy on reactivity to stress in menopausal women with and without hot flushes]. | To asses if the hot flushes during menopause are associated with an abnormal cardivascular reactivity to stress. We also aimed to evaluate the effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on reactivity to stress in menopausal women.</AbstractText>Experimental study including 28 healthy menopausal women with hot flushes ... |
2,312,907 | [Quantitative and objective topometrical analysis of drusen of the optic nerve head with the Heidelberg retina tomograph (HRT)]. | Optic nerve head drusen (ONHD) are one of the most frequent causes for congenital swelling of the optic nerve head. Visual field and retinal nerve fiber layer defects are reported in cases of ONHD. The Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT) allows a 3-dimensional topometric analysis of the optic nerve disc and measurement o... |
2,312,908 | Hormone replacement therapy does not affect plasma homocysteine in postmenopausal women with coronary artery disease. Free tissue factor pathway inhibitor antigen, a circulating anticoagulant, is related to plasma homocysteine. | The objective was to evaluate the effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on plasma homocysteine levels in postmenopausal women with coronary artery disease (CAD) and to investigate associations of homocysteine to other cardiovascular risk factors.</AbstractText>The women in this single-center, controlled, and rand... |
2,312,909 | Homeopathic treatment of hot flushes: a pilot study. | Hot flushes are a common problem, especially for menopausal women for whom hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is contra-indicated or who prefer not to take it and patients receiving Tamoxifen. Some seek homeopathic treatment. We report an uncontrolled, pilot outcome study, conducted at the Tunbridge Wells Homeopathic Ho... |
2,312,910 | Effects of genistein and hormone-replacement therapy on bone loss in early postmenopausal women: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study. | The natural isoflavone phytoestrogen genistein has been shown to stimulate osteoblastic bone formation, inhibit osteoclastic bone resorption, and prevent bone loss in ovariectomized rats. However, no controlled clinical trial has been performed so far to evaluate the effects of the phytoestrogen on bone loss in postmen... |
2,312,911 | [Changes of histamine release rate from basophils measured by HRT Shionogi kit in immunotherapy for cedar pollinosis]. | We studied changes in histamine release from basophil measured by HRT Shionogi kit as laboratory procedure to evaluate immunotherapy of allergic rhinitis. Nine cedar pollinosis patients (ages 12-64 yrs, 3 male and 6 female) that started immunotherapy with standardized cedar pollen extract (Torii Co) in 2001 were evalua... |
2,312,912 | Effect of oestrone on membrane fluidity of erythrocytes is mediated by a nitric oxide-dependent pathway: An electron paramagnetic resonance study. | 1. It has been recognized that hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may have a beneficial effect on protection against cardiovascular diseases. Oestrone is the major component of conjugated equiline oestrogens, which are commonly used in HRT. The present study was performed in order to investigate the effects of oestrone ... |
2,312,913 | Effect of hydraulic retention time on inorganic nutrient recovery and biodegradable organics removal in a biofilm reactor treating plant biomass leachate. | A fixed-film (biofilm) reactor was designed and its performance was determined at various retention times. The goal was to find the optimal retention time for recycling plant nutrients in an advanced life support system, to minimize the size, mass, and volume (hold-up) of a production model. The prototype reactor was t... |
2,312,914 | Anaerobic thermophilic treatment of cattle manure in UASB reactors. | Cattle manure was characterised after filtration through a 1-mm sieve and subsequently treated in a 9-l volume Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactor made of transparent PVC at a thermophilic temperature (55 degrees C). Different Hydraulic Retention Times (HRT) (22.5, 16, 10.6, 8.9 and 7.3 days) were employed a... |
2,312,915 | Development of a novel reference plane for the Heidelberg retina tomograph with optical coherence tomography measurements. | To develop an ideal reference plane for the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT) with the assistance of optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurements of the mean retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness.</AbstractText>The mean RNFL thickness was measured with OCT in eyes with early glaucoma (n = 50) and age-matched no... |
2,312,916 | Hormonal influence on the central nervous system. | Sex steroids play a very important role in female neurobiology. Postmenopausal gonadal hormone withdrawal seem to be of critical importance in mood disorders, reduced libido and cognitive disturbances, which accompany this phase of a woman's life. Clinical studies have demonstrated that central nervous system (CNS) eff... |
2,312,917 | Hormone therapy and the cardiovascular system. | The cardiovascular effects of female sex steroids have many faces and are very complex. To make this situation even more complicated different disease situations, different target organs and different therapeutic regimens may exhibit different effects of estrogens and progestines. Furthermore, the interpretation of pop... |
2,312,918 | Effect of hormone replacement therapy on inflammation-sensitive proteins in post-menopausal women with Type 2 diabetes. | To test the effect of oral hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on plasma C-reactive protein (CRP), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and IL-6 concentrations and leucocyte count in post-menopausal women with Type 2 diabetes.</AbstractText>Post-menopausal... |
2,312,919 | Hormone replacement therapy after a diagnosis of breast cancer: cancer recurrence and mortality. | To determine whether hormone replacement therapy (HRT) after treatment for breast cancer is associated with increased risk of recurrence and mortality.</AbstractText>Retrospective observational study.</AbstractText>Postmenopausal women diagnosed with breast cancer and treated by five Sydney doctors between 1964 and 199... |
2,312,920 | [Hormone replacement therapy and its derivatives in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis]. | Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is an established approach for the treatment and the prevention of osteoporosis. Many studies with bone mineral density as primary outcome have shown significant efficacy. Observational studies have indicated a significant reduction of hip fracture risk in cohorts of women who maintain... |
2,312,921 | [Specific estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs)]. | PRINCIPLE CHARACTERISTICS: Specific estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) are non-steroid molecules that maintain some of the agonist properties of estrogens on bone tissue and cardiovascular system, but not their stimulating effects on the gynecological sphere. OLD AND NEW MOLECULES: SERMs were formerly known as "antie... |
2,312,922 | How to make the switch from OC use to HRT. | This article discusses some approaches recommended by three physicians that will help women make the transition from oral contraceptive (OC) use to hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Andrew Kaunitz does not believe that checking follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels to determine when OC users have become menopausal... |
2,312,923 | Hormonal modulation of interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor and associated receptor secretion in postmenopausal women. | Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) reduces the risk for osteoporosis but transiently increases cardiovascular risk for some postmenopausal women. This study investigated the hypothesis that these risks are associated with HRT-induced changes in mononuclear cell secretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor al... |
2,312,924 | Effect of hormone replacement therapy on uterine fibroids in postmenopausal women--a 3-year study. | The aim of this prospective 3-year clinical study was to examine the effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on uterine fibroid growth among postmenopausal women.</AbstractText>Thirty-seven postmenopausal women with uterine solitary fibroids were recruited randomly for HRT in a 3-year program. All participants rece... |
2,312,925 | Pharmacy-based care for perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. | Perimenopause and menopause represent a major physiologic and, often, psychosocial transition in the lives of women. During this time, women often experience disturbing new symptoms and develop an increased awareness of their risks for major chronic illnesses. Women in this stage of life are often highly motivated to i... |
2,312,926 | The influence of age on gender differences in depression: further population-based evidence on the relationship between menopause and the sex difference in depression. | This study tests the hypothesis that gender differences in depression diminish after menopause (around the age of 55). Methods Using the 1994 National Population Health Survey, we examine the relationship between age and gender on major depressive disorder in relation to sociodemographic and social covariates using con... |
2,312,927 | Sequence of the 3'-terminal end (8.1 kb) of the genome of porcine haemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus: comparison with other haemagglutinating coronaviruses. | A cytopathogenic coronavirus, serologically identified as porcine haemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (HEV), has recently been associated with acute outbreaks of wasting and encephalitis in nursing piglets from pig farms in southern Québec and Ontario, Canada. The 3'-terminal end of the genome of the prototy... |
2,312,928 | [The relationship between retrobulbar blood flow velocity and glaucoma damage. An intraindividual comparison]. | Glaucomatous optic nerve damage is thought to be influenced by ocular perfusion. The aim was to investigate if a difference in visual field and Heidelberg retinal tomography (HRT) between two eyes of an individual glaucoma patient is reflected in different blood flow velocities in retrobulbar vessels.</AbstractText>Dat... |
2,312,929 | Consequenses for HRT following the HERS II and WHI reports: the primum non nocere is important, but translation into quo vadis is even more essential. | In the Nordic countries the prevalence of hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) use in women from 50 to 70 years of age is slightly above 30% evaluated by sales figures and with some variation between the five countries. The premise for this commentary is to discuss the best clinical practice when prescribing HRT to post ... |
2,312,930 | Lifestyle correlates of plasma insulin-like growth factor I and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 concentrations. | Plasma levels of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) have been associated with risk of a number of cancers and other diseases. We examined the cross-sectional association of plasma IGF-I and IGF-binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) levels with age, smoking, physical activity, and reproductive and menopausal factors in 1037 hea... |
2,312,931 | [Regulative function of extracelluar regulated protein kinases and telomerase in apoptosis of hepatocarcinomatous cell SMMC-7721]. | To study the changes of telomerase activity and protein expression of phosphorylated (activated) extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK1 and ERK2) in the course of inhibiting hepatocarcinomatous cell proliferation and inducing cell apoptosis by three kinds of chemotherapy drugs: Harringtonine (HRT), Vincristine (... |
2,312,932 | The case for hormone replacement: new studies that should inform the debate. | The Women's Health Initiative found that the risks of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) exceeded its benefits in a large group of older postmenopausal women, but did not consider the efficacy of HRT in relieving vasomotor symptoms. Another recent study found that low-dose HRT was as effective as standard-dose HRT while... |
2,312,933 | Salivary variables in relation to tobacco smoking and female sex steroid hormone-use in 30 to 59-year-old women. | Several systemic conditions may have an influence on oral health. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has a positive effect on alveolar bone of menopausal women and smoking a negative effect. However, little is known about their effect on saliva. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of hormone-use and toba... |
2,312,934 | Significant increase of benign endometrial cells on Papanicolaou smears in women using hormone replacement therapy. | To determine the prevalence of benign endometrial cells on Papanicolaou smears from postmenopausal women and to compare the prevalence and histologic diagnosis in women who use hormone replacement therapy (HRT) with those who do not.</AbstractText>Papanicolaou smear diagnoses from postmenopausal women and women over ag... |
2,312,935 | Use of hormone replacement therapy among Chilean women: a comparison between socioeconomic levels. | To compare the use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) among Chilean women according to their socioeconomic level.</AbstractText>A total of 540 women between 50 and 79 years of age were interviewed in Santiago, Chile. Women were allocated into two groups (H, high; L, low), according to their socioeconomic status.</Abs... |
2,312,936 | Gynecologists' trends and attitudes toward prescribing hormone replacement therapy during menopause. | To examine the attitudes and prescription practices of gynecologists in the United States and Israel with regard to hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for postmenopausal women. The current recommendations for the use of HRT for menopausal symptoms were reviewed.</AbstractText>An eight-item questionnaire was sent by elec... |
2,312,937 | HRT and SERMs: the good, the bad...and the lovely? | Recent studies have provided strong evidence that the biological activity of selective estrogen-receptor modulators (SERMs) depends on the conformation of the SERM-receptor complex, the estrogen-receptor-signaling mechanism, and the tissue co-regulator composition. In addition to these new observations, other studies c... |
2,312,938 | Control of bulking sludge caused by Type 021 N and Type 0961 in an industrial wastewater treatment plant with an aerobic selector. | Over a period of 6 months, pilot plant investigations were carried out with the purpose of bulking sludge control with different aerobic selectors. The wastewater was dominated by industrial dischargers, containing volatile fatty acids up to 450 mg/l. With complete-mix-selectors it was not possible to achieve a stable ... |
2,312,939 | Biofilm development in down flow anaerobic fluidised bed reactors under transient conditions. | Biofilm development onto polypropylene particles (<4 mm) was studied in a laboratory-scale down flow anaerobic fluidised bed reactor. The reactor was fed with a synthetic solution containing sucrose and nutrients, and operated at 35 degrees C during 65 days at 44% bed expansion rate and 36 h HRT. Scanning electron m... |
2,312,940 | [Effects of constructed wetlands on treating with nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater from hoggery]. | Using plant species Vetiveria zizanioides (VCWS) and Cyperus alternifolius (CCWS) respectively, two constructed wetlands (CWS) with size of 1.0 m x 0.5 m x 0.8 m were established. The purifying function and its change pattern among different seasons, influent concentration and hydraulic retention time (HRT) of CWS on n... |
2,312,941 | The impact of hormone replacement therapy on the detection and stage of breast cancer. | Patients who receive hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and subsequently develop breast cancer are more likely to be diagnosed by palpation than mammography and have a higher stage of cancer at initial diagnosis.</AbstractText>Retrospective case series.</AbstractText>University hospital.</AbstractText>Two hundred ninety... |
2,312,942 | Continuous treatment of azo acid dyes by photo-dependent denitrifying sludge. | Simultaneous removals of dye and nitrate by photo-dependent denitryfying sludge(PDDS) have been demonstrated in a continuous-flow bench-scale reactor. The best C/N for the degradation of azo dyes by PDDS was 1.5. The specific removal rate of azo dye AB92 decreased with a decrease in hydraulic retention time and increas... |
2,312,943 | A simple index for detection of gestational diabetes mellitus. | The conventional screening test for gestational diabetes mellitus is measurement of plasma glucose 1 hour after 50 g glucose by mouth. The sensitivity and specificity of this test are lower than desirable; we therefore developed an index including other plasma constituents. In a preliminary study, 138 pregnant women ha... |
2,312,944 | Meta-analyses of therapies for postmenopausal osteoporosis. IX: Summary of meta-analyses of therapies for postmenopausal osteoporosis. | This section summarizes the results of the seven systematic reviews of osteoporosis therapies published in this series [calcium, vitamin D, hormone replacement therapy (HRT), alendronate, risedronate, raloxifene, and calcitonin] and systematic reviews of etidronate and fluoride we have published elsewhere. We highlight... |
2,312,945 | Meta-analyses of therapies for postmenopausal osteoporosis. V. Meta-analysis of the efficacy of hormone replacement therapy in treating and preventing osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. | To review the effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on bone density and fractures in postmenopausal women.</AbstractText>We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE from 1966 to 1999, the Cochrane Controlled Register, citations of relevant articles, and proceedings of international meetings for eligible randomized controlled ... |
2,312,946 | Hormone replacement therapy. An analysis of efficacy based on evidence. | Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has long been a staple of management of the postmenopausal life phase. Over time, and after estrogen therapy was modified to include progestin, an increasing number of observational reports suggested that HRT conferred benefits well beyond those of managing or minimizing not flashes, m... |
2,312,947 | Combined biological and physico-chemical treatment of filtered pig manure wastewater: pilot investigations. | Combined biological and physico-chemical treatment of filtered pig manure wastewater has been investigated on the pilot installation operated under ambient temperatures (15-20 degrees C) and included: i) UASB-reactor for elimination of major part of COD from the filtrate; (ii) stripper of CO2 + fluidised bed crystallis... |
2,312,948 | Ultimate azo dye degradation in anaerobic/aerobic sequential processes. | The treatability of Remazol Black-5 was studied in an anaerobic/aerobic sequential process. Laboratory scale UASB/CSTR reactors were used and operated at different organic loadings and HRTs to investigate the COD, color removal, and methane gas production efficiencies. The effect of both sludge age and HRT on the color... |
2,312,949 | Nitrogen nutrient removals from wastewater and river water. | Elevated levels of nutrients in agroindustry wastewaters, and higher reliance on chlorination pose health threats due to formation of chlorinated organics as well as increased chlorination costs. Removals of ammonium and nitrate compounds were studied using activated carbon from palm shells, as adsorbent and support me... |
2,312,950 | High-rate methane fermentation of lipid-rich food wastes by a high-solids co-digestion process. | This paper presents an experimental study on anaerobic degradation of lipids-rich food wastes by using the high solids co-digestion process. The experiments were conducted under mesophilic (35 degrees C) and thermophilic (55 degrees C) condition, respectively, by using a semi-continuous flow completely mixed reactor. T... |
2,312,951 | Effect of oestrogen replacement therapy on bone mass in post-menopausal Bangladeshi women. | The female population comprises 48.66% of our total population, of which 10.30% are above the age of 49, many of whom are post-menopausal. Menopause is associated with bone-loss and its consequences. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT), particularly replacement of estrogen, prevents bone-loss. We undertook this prospecti... |
2,312,952 | Estrogen and estrogen-progestin replacement therapy and risk of postmenopausal breast cancer in Canada. | To examine the association between hormone replacement therapy (HRT) use and breast cancer incidence and to determine whether the association differs according to type of regimen.</AbstractText>Data were collected in Ontario from 404 incident cases and 403 age frequency-matched controls, between 1995 and 1996, using a ... |
2,312,953 | Efficacy of a soy rich diet in preventing postmenopausal osteoporosis: the Menfis randomized trial. | To compare the effect of a soy rich diet and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on the main biomarkers of bone turnover and bone mineral density (BMD) at postmenopausal age.</AbstractText>187 healthy asymptomatic postmenopausal women, aged 39-60, were recruited and randomized into a soy rich diet group, a HRT group, and... |
2,312,954 | The values of urinary NTx in postmenopausal women undergoing HRT; the role of additional alendronate therapy. | To determine the changes in levels of urinary NTx at the end of the 6th month of oral and transdermal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and the effects of additional alendronate therapy for osteoporotic women.</AbstractText>Of 66 postmenopausal women 23 were treated with oral estradiol+norethisterone acetate (E+P), and... |
2,312,955 | Assessment of the QoL in Italian menopausal women: comparison between HRT users and non-users. | The aim of this cross-sectional study was to describe QoL in a large sample of women attending menopause centres and compare untreated postmenopausal women and matched HRT users by employing the Women's Health Questionnaire (WHQ) and two generic instruments, the SF-36 and the EQ-5D.</AbstractText>Overall, 2906 women we... |
2,312,956 | Effects of hormone replacement therapy on blood platelets. | Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) increases the risk of cardiovascular morbidity in postmenopausal women under certain circumstances. Part of this effect may be the result of the influence of HRT on blood platelets. We studied the effect of short-term oral hormone replacement therapy (unopposed oestradiol or sequential... |
2,312,957 | Hormone replacement therapy with tibolone: effects on sexual functioning in postmenopausal women. | Because hormonal changes in postmenopausal women may be accompanied by sexual problems and a worsening of various aspects of libido, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of tibolone (Liviel(R)) on sexual life.</AbstractText>Postmenopausal first-time users of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) were included in ... |
2,312,958 | Inflammatory biomarkers, hormone replacement therapy, and incident coronary heart disease: prospective analysis from the Women's Health Initiative observational study. | Postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has been shown to elevate C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. Several inflammatory biomarkers, including CRP, are associated with increased cardiovascular risk. However, whether the effect of HRT on CRP represents a clinical hazard is unknown.</AbstractText>To assess the as... |
2,312,959 | Treatment of anaerobically treated domestic wastewater using rotating biological contactor. | A small-scale pilot plant consisting of a three-stage RBC has been investigated for the removal of E. coli, COD fractions and ammonia from the effluent of an UASB reactor treating domestic wastewater. The results obtained reveal that a three-stage system operated at a HRT of 3.0 h represents an effective posttreatment ... |
2,312,960 | Removal of helminth eggs and fecal coliforms by anaerobic thermophilic sludge digestion. | Anaerobic digestion of two types of waste sludge was applied in order to assess the suitability of thermophilic conditions for the stabilization of organic matter and removal of fecal coliforms and helminth eggs. Feeding sludge was taken from an activated sludge municipal facility (BS) and from an enhanced primary trea... |
2,312,961 | Removal efficiency and methanogenic activity profiles in a pilot-scale UASB reactor treating settled sewage at moderate temperatures. | The performance of a sewage treatment system consisting of a settler followed by an Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Bed (UASB) reactor is described. Mean ambient and sewage temperature were 16.5 and 21.6 degrees C, respectively. Total Chemical Oxygen Demand (CODt) concentration averaged 224.2 and 152.6 mg/L, for raw and settle... |
2,312,962 | Treatment of winery wastewater by an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor. | Treatment of winery wastewater was investigated using an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR). Biogas production rate was monitored and permitted the automation of the bioreactor by a simple control system. The reactor was operated at an organic loading rate (ORL) around 8.6 gCOD/L.d with soluble chemical oxygen d... |
2,312,963 | Treatment of fish processing wastewater in a one- or two-step upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor. | The performance of one-step UASB reactors treating fish processing wastewater of different lipid levels was determined using artificially generated influent simulating that of the canning of sardines and tuna. The organic loading rates (OLR) and the hydraulic retention times (HRT) were 5-8 g COD.l(-1).d(-1) and 11-12 h... |
2,312,964 | Anaerobic degradation of oleic acid by suspended and granular sludge: identification of palmitic acid as a key intermediate. | The aim of the present work was to study the maximum potential methane production in batch assays of sludge samples taken along the operation of two EGSB reactors (RI inoculated with granular sludge and RII inoculated with suspended sludge) fed with increasing oleic acid concentrations between 2 and 8 gCOD/l (HRT = 1 d... |
2,312,965 | Effect of high salinity on the fate of methanol during the start-up of thermophilic (55 degrees C) sulfate reducing reactors. | Two 6.5 L lab-scale upflow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) reactors were operated at 55 degrees C fed with methanol as the sole electron and carbon source and in excess of sulfate (COD/SO4(2-) of 0.5) in order to investigate the effect of high wastewater salinity on the start-up period. The first reactor (UASB I) was opera... |
2,312,966 | Climacteric: concept, consequence and care. | Climacteric is the period of life starting from the decline in ovarian activity until after the end of ovarian function. According to the definition, the period includes peri-menopause, menopause and post-menopause. Climacteric is considered to be a natural change of life which may be accompanied by various health cons... |
2,312,967 | Risk of breast cancer in post-menopausal women using hormone replacement therapy. | To study the relationship of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in post-menopausal women and risk of breast cancer.</AbstractText>The authors conducted a case-control study comparing the proportion of HRT used between breast cancer and non-breast-cancer women. Cases were breast cancer patients who had natural menopause ... |
2,312,968 | Semi-continuous anaerobic digestion of solid poultry slaughterhouse waste: effect of hydraulic retention time and loading. | We studied the effect of hydraulic retention time (HRT) and loading on anaerobic digestion of poultry slaughterhouse wastes, using semi-continuously fed, laboratory-scale digesters at 31 degrees C. The effect on process performance was highly significant: Anaerobic digestion appeared feasible with a loading of up to 0.... |
2,312,969 | Assessing benefits and harms of hormone replacement therapy: clinical applications. | An estimated one third of postmenopausal women in the United States use hormone replacement therapy (HRT) to treat symptoms of menopause and prevent chronic conditions. In the context of this widespread use, evidence has been growing about the potential harms of HRT, particularly regarding long-term use. Physicians and... |
2,312,970 | Postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy: scientific review. | Although postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is widely used in the United States, new evidence about its benefits and harms requires reconsideration of its use for the primary prevention of chronic conditions.</AbstractText>To assess the benefits and harms of HRT for the primary prevention of cardiovascula... |
2,312,971 | Postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy and the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. | To evaluate the value of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and coronary artery disease (CAD).</AbstractText>MEDLINE and Cochrane databases were searched for all primary prevention studies reporting CVD or CAD incidence, mortality, or both in association with HRT... |
2,312,972 | Decreasing rate of fatty involution at screening mammography. | This study was performed to document the perceived decrease in fatty involution at screening mammography during the past decade and evaluate the influence of hormone replacement therapy (HRT).</AbstractText>In December 1996, the mammograms of 261 consecutive screening patients with a comparison study obtained 5 years e... |
2,312,973 | [Anorexia nervosa in woman with Turner's syndrome]. | The authors report a case of anorexia nervosa in woman with Turner's syndrome (45, X). In this case there was a low blood concentration of LH and FSH, and there was a lack of reaction to intravenous administration of 100 micrograms of GnRH. Partial syndrome of "empty sella" was found in a presented case by use of magne... |
2,312,974 | [Evaluation of bone density in women after thyroid cancer surgery and treatment with suppressive doses of L-thyroxine]. | The aim of this work was to evaluate the degree of bone resorption and incidence of osteoporosis in female postmenopausal patients with differentiated thyroid cancer treated with suppressive doses of thyroxine. During the regular follow-up of women with differentiated thyroid cancer, densitometry of lumbar spine (L2-L4... |
2,312,975 | Cost-effectiveness of hormone replacement therapy for fracture prevention in young postmenopausal women: an economic analysis based on a prospective cohort study. | A recent systematic review of randomized controlled trials has shown that hormone replacement therapy (HRT) prevents fractures when taken soon after the menopause. HRT for treatment of menopausal symptoms is relatively cost-effective, but whether its use for prevention of perimenopausal fractures is economically effici... |
2,312,976 | Mesophilic biomethanation and treatment of poultry waste-water using pilot scale UASB reactor. | The feasibility of applying the up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) treatment for poultry waste (faeces) water was examined. A continuous-flow UASB pilot scale reactor of 3.50 L capacity using mixed culture was operated for 95 days to assess the treatability of poultry waste-water and its methane production. The ma... |
2,312,977 | [The comparative analysis of changes in optic disc morphology after trabeculectomy, measured by scanning laser tomography]. | The aim of this study was to investigate and estimate quantitative changes in optic nerve morphology after glaucoma surgery using the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (Heidelberg Engineering, HRT Software 2.01).</AbstractText>The eyes of 42 consecutive patients (34 women and 8 men) undergoing trabeculectomy at the Departmen... |
2,312,978 | Glucocorticoid osteoporosis. | Postmenopausal women are at greatest risk of rapid bone loss and fracture with glucocorticoids and should be actively considered for prophylactic measures. In men and premenopausal women receiving glucocorticoids, the decision to use anti-osteoporosis prophylaxis is less clear and depends upon baseline bone mineral den... |
2,312,979 | SERMs: evolutionary chemistry, revolutionary biology. | Estrogens are known as important modulators of development, growth and maintenance of primary sexual physiology. The medical field has also grown increasingly appreciative of the effects of estrogens on non-traditional target tissues such as bone, cardiovascular tissue and the CNS. Postmenopausal women have been the be... |
2,312,980 | Removal of phosphate, magnesium and calcium from swine wastewater through crystallization enhanced by aeration. | In order to confirm the possibility of removing P04-P, Mg and Ca from swine wastewater through artificial crystallization by aeration, laboratory and pilot scale experiments were carried out using actual swine wastewater. The pH of swine wastewater increased up to approximately 8.5 with continuous aeration, and a large... |
2,312,981 | Ethnicity and attitude toward menopause and hormone replacement therapy in Northern Israel. | The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge, perception and attitude towards menopause and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) among women of different ethnic groups in Israel.</AbstractText>292 postmenopausal women attending primary health-care centers in northern Israel were recruited. All women completed a questi... |
2,312,982 | Variables affecting test-retest variability of Heidelberg Retina Tomograph II stereometric parameters. | To study the test-retest variability of stereometric parameters on the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph II, a new clinical instrument for glaucoma management.</AbstractText>In a cross-sectional study of 24 consecutive cases of glaucoma and 26 healthy subjects, Heidelberg Retina Tomograph II stereometric parameters from five... |
2,312,983 | Serum bone specific alkaline phosphatase and urinary deoxypyridinoline in postmenopausal osteoporosis. | The objectives of this study were to: (i) evaluate the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the biochemical bone markers: serum total alkaline phosphatase (TALP), bone specific alkaline phosphatase (BSALP) and urinary deoxypyridinoline (Dpyr) in postmenopausal osteoporosis, (ii) compare the bone turnover of postme... |
2,312,984 | No antioxidant effect of combined HRT on LDL oxidizability and oxidative stress biomarkers in treated post-menopausal women. | To compare oxidative stress and LDL oxidizability in postmenopausal women with and without HRT.</AbstractText>In a cross sectional study, two groups of women, with or without combined per os HRT (1.5-2 mg estrogen associated with 10 mg dydrogesteron), were age and duration of menopause matched. Women were recruited aft... |
2,312,985 | Contemporary management of hyperlipidemia in women. | The objective of this paper is to review prospective, large-scale studies of lipid-lowering therapy and hormone replacement therapy, and to provide clinical recommendations for the management of hyperlipidemia in women within the context of the revised National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) guidelines.</Abstract... |
2,312,986 | Plasma concentrations of insulin-like growth factors among healthy adult men and postmenopausal women: associations with body composition, lifestyle, and reproductive factors. | As evidence builds for cancer risk associated with insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and their binding proteins (BPs), capitalizing on such associations for cancer prevention requires identifying the determinants of IGF levels. We measured plasma IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGF BP-3 in a cross-section of 210 men and 171 postme... |
2,312,987 | Effect of tibolone (Org OD14) and its metabolites on aromatase and estrone sulfatase activity in human breast adipose stromal cells and in MCF-7 and T47D breast cancer cells. | Tibolone (Org OD14) is a synthetic steroid used for post-menopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Since HRT might increase breast cancer risk, it is important to determine the possible effects of tibolone on breast tissues. Tibolone and its metabolites Org 4094, Org 30126 and Org OM38 have been reported to inhibit... |
2,312,988 | Two polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor gene--association with bone mass and 5-year change in bone mass with or without hormone-replacement therapy in postmenopausal women: the Danish Osteoporosis Prevention Study. | The significance of an interrelation between nongenetic factors and genotype effects in the regulation of bone mass is not clear. In this prospective study of 429 healthy early postmenopausal Danish women, we investigated the association between bone mineral density (BMD) and the FokI and BsmI polymorphisms in the vita... |
2,312,989 | Impact of different hormone replacement therapy regimens on the size of myoma uteri in postmenopausal period: tibolone versus transdermal hormonal replacement system. | To assess the effect of different hormone replacement therapy regimens on myoma uteri in postmenopausal period.</AbstractText>Totally 46 patients with 60 myomas attending to Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine between May 2000 and March 2001 because of postmenopausal symptoms ... |
2,312,990 | Six months of hormone replacement therapy does not influence muscle strength in postmenopausal women. | Postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has positive effects on fracture incidence before any effects on bone mineral density can be demonstrated. This has been attributed to increased muscle strength by HRT. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of 6 months of HRT on muscle strength in postmenopausal... |
2,312,991 | The influence of hormone replacement therapy on the aging-related change in cognitive performance. Analysis based on a Danish cohort study. | A maintenance and/or improvement of cognitive performance with postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is biological plausible. The objectives of this study were to analyze the impact of HRT on aging-related changes in cognitive performances, and to assess whether women who choose HRT have better cognitive per... |
2,312,992 | Exploring self-image during hot flushes using a semantic differential scale: associations between poor self-image, depression, flush frequency and flush distress. | This study developed a semantic differential scale for assessing self-image during hot flushes, based on a previously published scale (Nursing Res. 35 (1986) 81). The objectives were to explore the sensitivity and validity of this scale, and to examine whether poor self-image during hot flushes is linked to flush distr... |
2,312,993 | The nature and utility of the phytoestrogens: a review of the evidence. | Non-prescription remedies are becoming increasingly popular particularly amongst postmenopausal who in this market are the largest consumers. Phytoestrogens are a large family of plant derived molecules possessing various degrees oestrogen like activity. Food or food supplements containing phytoestrogen are often been ... |
2,312,994 | Detection of respiratory and enteric shedding of bovine coronaviruses in cattle in an Ohio feedlot. | Recently, bovine coronavirus (BCV) has been isolated from new cattle arrivals to feedlots, but the association between respiratory and enteric infections with BCV in feedlot cattle remains uncertain. Fecal and nasal swab samples from 85 Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center (OARDC) feedlot cattle averaging ... |
2,312,995 | Perceptions of hormone replacement therapy among African American women. | Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is commonly prescribed for women to relieve symptoms associated with menopause. The medical community does not uniformly recommend HRT, and ethnic and cultural differences may influence a woman's decision to request and adhere to it. Thirty-eight African American women were enrolled in... |
2,312,996 | Prevalence of urinary incontinence and associated risk factors in a cohort of nuns. | To estimate the prevalence of urinary incontinence among a group of nulliparous nuns and to assess risk factors for developing incontinence.</AbstractText>Information on symptoms of urinary incontinence, as well as medical history and demographic data were obtained from 149 nuns. The prevalence of urinary incontinence ... |
2,312,997 | Degradation of methanethiol in a continuously operated upflow anaerobic sludge-blanket reactor. | The feasibility of anaerobic treatment of wastewater containing volatile organic sulfur compounds was investigated using biomass originating from an anaerobic wastewater treatment facility treating brewery wastewater. Interest focused mainly on the degradation of methanethiol (MT), an extremely volatile and malodorous ... |
2,312,998 | Entrapped mixed microbial cell process for combined secondary and tertiary wastewater treatment. | An entrapped mixed microbial cell (EMMC) process was investigated for simultaneous removal of carbon and nitrogen from a synthetic wastewater in a single bioreactor. The influent had a soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD)/nitrogen ratio varying from 4 to 15 and an alkalinity of 140 and 230 mg/L as calcium carbonate. A... |
2,312,999 | The relationship between hormone replacement therapy use and psychological symptoms: no effects found in a New Zealand sample. | The use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for treatment of negative mood or affect, including problems such as depression, is not recommended in current public health guidelines or by reviewers of recent scientific findings. In this article we describe a preliminary examination of the relationship of HRT use to psyc... |
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