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2,322,900 | New insights into the genetic control of gene expression using a Bayesian multi-tissue approach. | The majority of expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) studies have been carried out in single tissues or cell types, using methods that ignore information shared across tissues. Although global analysis of RNA expression in multiple tissues is now feasible, few integrated statistical frameworks for joint analysis ... |
2,322,901 | Ovine progressive pneumonia virus capsid antigen as found in CD163- and CD172a-positive alveolar macrophages of persistently infected sheep. | In situ detection of ovine progressive pneumonia virus (OPPV) and the phenotypic identification of the cells that harbor OPPV have not been described for the OPPV-affected tissues, which include lung, mammary gland, synovial membranes of the carpal joint, and choroid plexus of the brain. In this study, the authors firs... |
2,322,902 | Urocortin 2 increases c-Fos expression in serotonergic neurons projecting to the ventricular/periventricular system. | Serotonin plays an important role in the regulation of anxiety states and physiological responses to aversive stimuli. Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of the stress- and anxiety-related neuropeptide urocortin 2 (Ucn 2) increases c-Fos expression in serotonergic neurons in the dorsal (DRD) and caudal (DRC) pa... |
2,322,903 | MK-801 changes the role of glutamic acid on modulation of algesia in nucleus accumbens. | Dizocilpine maleate (MK-801) causes the blockage of the glutamic acid (Glu) receptors in the central nervous system that are involved in pain transmission. However, the mechanism of action of MK-801 in pain-related neurons is not clear, and it is still unknown whether Glu is involved in the modulation of this processin... |
2,322,904 | Protective effects of icariin on brain dysfunction induced by lipopolysaccharide in rats. | In this study we examined the protective effects of icariin, a flavonol isolated from Herba epimedii, on learning and memory in a rat model with brain inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Injecting LPS into the lateral ventricle caused rat brain dysfunction, as evidenced by deficits of spatial learning and... |
2,322,905 | Sudden migration of a thalamic hemorrhage into the ventricles. | Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a common condition that often leads to death or disability. Accurate prediction of the outcome and decisions regarding the treatment of ICH patients are important issues. We report a case of thalamic hemorrhage with an intraventricular hemorrhage that was suddenly migrated ... |
2,322,906 | Left ventricular diverticulum and previous rhabdomyoma: an occasional detection. | A 35-year-old patient previously operated when a child for right ventricular (RV) rhabdomyoma was submitted to cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) that showed a dilated RV and a small contractile cavity in the inferior left ventricular (LV) wall suggestive for diverticulum. This report shows the first description of a sim... |
2,322,907 | Downregulation of oxytocin receptors in right ventricle of rats with monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension. | pulmonary hypertension (PH) in the rat leads to right ventricular (RV) hypertrophy, inflammation and increased natriuretic peptide (NP) levels in plasma and RV. Because the release of nitric oxide (NO) and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a function of the oxytocin receptor (OTR), we examined the effect of PH on gen... |
2,322,908 | Staged use of the transsphenoidal approach to resect superior third ventricular craniopharyngiomas. | Craniopharyngiomas are benign tumors, usually originating from the infundibulum or tuber cinereum. Their surgical treatment is challenging because of their relationship to neural and vascular structures. Large craniopharyngiomas that invade the upper third of the third ventricle are a common reason for patients to need... |
2,322,909 | Minimally invasive computer-assisted stereotactic fenestration of an aqueductal cyst: case report. | Current advances in frame modeling and computer software allow stereotactic procedures to be performed with great accuracy and minimal risk of neural tissue or vascular injury.</AbstractText>In this report we associate a previously described minimally invasive stereotactic technique with state-of-the-art 3D computer gu... |
2,322,910 | Termination of pregnancy for fetal anomaly after 23 weeks of gestation: a European register-based study. | To determine the prevalence of termination of pregnancy for fetal anomaly (TOPFA) after 23 weeks of gestation in European countries, and describe the spectrum of anomalies for which late TOPFA is recorded.</AbstractText>Population-based study.</AbstractText>Twelve European countries.</AbstractText>Nineteen registries o... |
2,322,911 | Intraventricular fat from retrograde flow through a lumboperitoneal shunt. | We present a case of intraventricular fat deposits discovered on magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography in the absence of a ruptured dermoid cyst. The patient is a 25-year-old right-handed African-American female who previously had lumboperitoneal (LP) shunt placement for pseudotumor cerebri. She had multip... |
2,322,912 | Ectopic expression of α-synuclein affects the migration of neural stem cells in mouse subventricular zone. | α-Synuclein (α-syn) is a key protein in Parkinson's disease (PD), and its abnormal accumulation is implicated only not in the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra but also in impairment of olfactory bulb (OB) in PD. Olfactory dysfunction could arise from these OB changes as an early symptom ... |
2,322,913 | Validation of a new micro-manometer pressure sensor for cardiovascular measurements in mice. | Abstract The Scisense (London, ON, Canada) micro-manometer pressure sensor is currently being used by investigators to evaluate cardiovascular physiology in mice, but has not been validated to date. The purpose of the current study is to compare the 1.2 F Scisense pressure sensor to the current gold standard produced b... |
2,322,914 | The effects of feed restriction and ambient temperature on growth and ascites mortality of broilers reared at high altitude. | The development of ascites was investigated in broilers at low versus high altitudes, cold versus normal ambient temperatures (AT), and 3 feeding regimens. One-day-old chicks obtained at sea level were reared at high altitude (highA; 1,720 m; n = 576) with 2 AT treatments, low AT from 3 wk onward at highA (highA/cold) ... |
2,322,915 | Specific oxidative stress profile associated with partial striatal dopaminergic depletion by 6-hydroxydopamine as assessed by a novel multifunctional marker molecule. | Real time oxidative stress in the extracellular compartment of rat striatum was characterized by microdialysis with synthetic non-dialyzable marker molecules composed of linoleic acid, tyrosine and guanosine (N-linoleoyl tyrosine (LT) and N-linoleoyl tyrosine 2'-deoxyguanosyl ester (LTG)). Partial dopaminergic deaffere... |
2,322,916 | TNFalpha induces choroid plexus epithelial cell barrier alterations by apoptotic and nonapoptotic mechanisms. | The choroid plexus epithelium constitutes the structural basis of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier. Since the cytokine TNFalpha is markedly increased during inflammatory diseases in the blood and the central nervous system, we investigated by which mechanisms TNFalpha induces barrier alteration in porcine choroid ... |
2,322,917 | Identification of candidate genes potentially relevant to chamber-specific remodeling in postnatal ventricular myocardium. | Molecular predisposition of postnatal ventricular myocardium to chamber-dependent (concentric or eccentric) remodeling remains largely elusive. To this end, we compared gene expression in the left (LV) versus right ventricle (RV) in newborn piglets, using a differential display reverse transcription-PCR (DDRT-PCR) tech... |
2,322,918 | [Microsurgical treatment of adult craniopharyngiomas in 156 cases]. | To explore the clinical features, surgical approaches and outcomes of craniopharyngioma in adults.</AbstractText>A total of 156 cases of adult craniopharyngioma underwent microsurgery at our hospital were retrospectively reviewed and classified into four types according to the location of tumor relative to sellar diaph... |
2,322,919 | Effects of chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia on the L-type calcium current in rat ventricular myocytes. | This study was conducted to investigate the role of the L-type calcium channel in the cardioprotection afforded by chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (CIHH). Rats were exposed to CIHH for 28 days (CIHH28) or 42 days (CIHH42), respectively, before their ventricular myocytes were isolated for electrophysiological stu... |
2,322,920 | Surgical nuances for removal of retrochiasmatic craniopharyngiomas via the transbasal subfrontal translamina terminalis approach. | Giant craniopharyngiomas in the retrochiasmatic space are challenging tumors, given the location and surrounding vital structures. Surgical removal remains the first line of therapy and offers the best chance of cure. For tumors with extension into the retrochiasmatic space, the authors use the translamina terminalis c... |
2,322,921 | Hydrocephalus associated with cystic dilation of the foramina of Magendie and Luschka. | Cystic malformations in the posterior cranial fossa result from developmental failure in the paleocerebellum and meninges. The authors present the case of an infant with hydrocephalus associated with cystic dilation of the foramina of Magendie and Luschka. This 7-month-old female infant presented with sudden onset of t... |
2,322,922 | Ventriculocystostomy and endoscopic third ventriculostomy/shunt placement in the management of hydrocephalus secondary to giant retrocerebellar cysts in infancy. | Hydrocephalus secondary to giant retrocerebellar cysts in infancy is a challenging condition and many treatment options exist. The authors report on 3 consecutive cases involving infants under the age of 6 months treated successfully with ventriculocystostomy in combination with direct hydrocephalus treatment (endoscop... |
2,322,923 | Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in patients younger than 2 years: outcome analysis of 41 hydrocephalus cases. | The object of this study was to analyze the outcome of endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) in patients under 2 years of age and investigate factors related to ETV success or failure in this patient population.</AbstractText>The authors reviewed their experience in using endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) in the ... |
2,322,924 | Single-stage bilateral choroid plexectomy for choroid plexus papilloma in a patient presenting with high cerebrospinal fluid output. | Cerebrospinal fluid overproduction resulting in communicating hydrocephalus is observed in patients who have choroid plexus papilloma or choroid plexus carcinoma. Less often, patients with these conditions have diffuse villous hyperplasia. Prior studies report CSF production greater than 3 L per day in these patients. ... |
2,322,925 | Heritability of brain ventricle volume: converging evidence from inconsistent results. | Twin studies generally show great consistency for the heritability of brain structures. Ironically, the lateral ventricles--perhaps the most reliably measured brain regions of interest--are the most inconsistent when it comes to estimating genetic influences on their volume. Heritability estimates in twin studies have ... |
2,322,926 | [Listeria monocytogenes rhomboencephalitis. Report of three cases]. | An unusual number of cases of rhomb encephalitis have occurred in Chile because of the increased frequency of infections caused by Listeria monocytogenes. We report three females aged 36, 40 and 55 years, with the disease. All presented with a prodrome characterized by headache, nausea, vomiting and fever, followed by ... |
2,322,927 | Cilia self-organize in response to planar cell polarity and flow. | Cilia drive fluid flow in development and physiology, but this requires that all cilia in a tissue orient the same way. Earlier studies indicated that both planar cell polarity (PCP) signalling and cilia-generated fluid flows could influence ciliary orientation. We now learn how asymmetric localization of PCP proteins ... |
2,322,928 | 9-Methyl-beta-carboline has restorative effects in an animal model of Parkinson's disease. | In a previous study, a primary culture of midbrain cells was exposed to 9-methyl-beta-carboline for 48 h, which caused an increase in the number of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cells. Quantitative RT-PCR revealed increased transcription of genes participating in the maturation of dopaminergic neurons. These in vitro f... |
2,322,929 | [Spontaneous third ventriculostomy in obstructive hydrocephalus with composed aetiology: a case report]. | Third ventriculostomy (TV) is the most common neuroendoscopic procedure for restoration of near physiological circulation of cerebrospinal fluid in obstructive hydrocephalus. Among 70 adults operated on using this technique, the authors encountered one case of spontaneous TV. Only a few case reports of spontaneous vent... |
2,322,930 | Fibroblast growth factor 21 action in the brain increases energy expenditure and insulin sensitivity in obese rats. | The hormone fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) exerts diverse, beneficial effects on energy balance and insulin sensitivity when administered systemically to rodents with diet-induced obesity (DIO). The current studies investigate whether central FGF21 treatment recapitulates these effects.</AbstractText>After prelimi... |
2,322,931 | Epidemiology and clinical spectrum of schizencephaly in south-eastern Hungary. | The epidemiology and clinical spectrum of schizencephaly in south-eastern Hungary have been surveyed in a retrospective population-based study. A total of 10 patients (6 boys and 4 girls) were found with schizencephaly among 185 486 live births in a period of 14 years (July 1, 1992 to June 30, 2006), which means a birt... |
2,322,932 | Normal targeting of a tagged Kv1.5 channel acutely transfected into fresh adult cardiac myocytes by a biolistic method. | The transfection of cardiac myocytes is difficult, and so most of the data regarding the regulation of trafficking and targeting of cardiac ion channels have been obtained using heterologous expression systems. Here we apply the fast biolistic transfection procedure to adult cardiomyocytes to show that biolistically in... |
2,322,933 | The angiogenic factor angiopoietin-1 is a proneurogenic peptide on subventricular zone stem/progenitor cells. | In the adult mammalian brain, the subventricular zone (SVZ) hosts stem cells constantly generating new neurons. Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) is an endothelial growth factor with a critical role in division, survival, and adhesion of endothelial cells via Tie-2 receptor activity. Expression of Tie-2 in nonendothelial cells, e... |
2,322,934 | Regulation and role of organic anion-transporting polypeptides (OATPs) in drug delivery at the choroid plexus. | The organic anion-transporting polypeptides (rodents: Oatps; human: OATPs) belong to the growing family of organic anion/prostaglandin transporters and are important components of the active efflux transport system at the choroid plexus epithelial cells. OATPs facilitate the elimination of xenobiotics and endogenous wa... |
2,322,935 | VENTRICULAR MAPS IN 804 SUBJECTS CORRELATE WITH COGNITIVE DECLINE, CSF PATHOLOGY, AND IMMINENT ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. | There is an urgent need for neuroimaging biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) that correlate with cognitive decline, and with accepted measures of pathology detectable in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Ideal biomarkers should also be able to predict future decline, and should be computable automatically from hundreds to ... |
2,322,936 | Aberrant Mid-Sagittal Fiber Tracts Visualized by Diffusion Tensor MR. A Case Report. | In hemimegalencephaly, MR imaging often reveals mid-sagittal band-like structures between the lateral ventricles. We describe the clinical presentation, morphologic abnormalities, conventional MR imaging, diffusion tensor MR and fiber tract (FT) reconstruction in a 14-year-old boy with unilateral hemimegalencephaly. We... |
2,322,937 | Correlation of CT perfusion and CT volumetry in patients with Alzheimer's disease. | Both brain atrophy and decrease of perfusion are observed in dementive diseases. The aim of the study was to correlate the results of brain perfusion CT (pCT) and CT volumetry in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD).</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="MATERIAL/METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">Forty-eight patients with ... |
2,322,938 | Cholecystokinin-8 antagonizes electroacupuncture analgesia through its B receptor in the caudate nucleus. |   The analgesic effect of electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation has been proved. However, its mechanism of action is not clear. It has been well-known that cholecystokinin-8 (CCK-8) is a neuropeptide which is mainly related to the mediation of pain. The caudate nucleus was selected to determine if the release of C... |
2,322,939 | T cells can mediate viral clearance from ependyma but not from brain parenchyma in a major histocompatibility class I- and perforin-independent manner. | Viral infection of the central nervous system can lead to disability and death. Yet the majority of viral infections with central nervous system involvement resolve with only mild clinical manifestations, if any. This is generally attributed to efficient elimination of the infection from the brain coverings, i.e. the m... |
2,322,940 | Effects of intracerebral microinjection of hydroxylated-[60]fullerene on brain monoamine concentrations and locomotor behavior in rats. | Fullerenes are condensed ring aromatic compounds with extended pi systems; they have unique cage structures. Current studies suggest that several fullerene derivatives have neuroprotective effects, and it is expected that fullerenes will be useful in drug delivery system and novel medical devices targeting the brain. H... |
2,322,941 | Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in previously shunted children: a retrospective study. | The aim of this study was to assess the mid-term results, success rates, and time-to-failure of secondary endoscopic third ventriculostomy (secondary ETV), as well as the complex management of preoperative and postoperative cares.</AbstractText>To this purpose, a retrospective analysis of a pediatric population of 22 c... |
2,322,942 | Uncovering the molecular basis of positive affect using rough-and-tumble play in rats: a role for insulin-like growth factor I. | Positive emotional states have been shown to confer resilience to depression and anxiety in humans, but the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects have not yet been elucidated. In laboratory rats, positive emotional states can be measured by 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations (hedonic USVs), which are maximally eli... |
2,322,943 | Glycyl-glutamine (beta-endorphin(30-31)) inhibits morphine-induced dopamine efflux in the nucleus accumbens. | Glycyl-glutamine (Gly-Gln) is an endogenous dipeptide that is synthesized from beta-endorphin post-translationally. Previously, we showed that Gly-Gln prevents acquisition of morphine-conditioned place preference, a behavioral test of morphine reward, but does not interfere with morphine analgesia. In this study, we te... |
2,322,944 | Involvement of non-NMDA receptors in central mediation of chemoreflexes in the shorthorn sculpin, Myoxocephalus scorpius. | NMDA receptors mediate hypoxia-induced ventilatory frequency and blood pressure increases in fish. Here we continue to resolve whether non-NMDA receptors participate in chemoreflexes. Shorthorn sculpins, instrumented for cardiorespiratory measurements, were kept unrestrained or positioned in a stereotaxic frame. Chemor... |
2,322,945 | Photoperiodic regulation of puberty in seasonal species. | Puberty occurs seasonally in the majority of mammals native to temperate or arctic latitudes, and in species with sufficiently long life spans puberty can be considered to reoccur on an annual basis. The precise timing of puberty and the annual reoccurrence of fertility reflects an interaction of changes in ambient day... |
2,322,946 | NMDA receptors activated by subventricular zone astrocytic glutamate are critical for neuroblast survival prior to entering a synaptic network. | Even before integrating into existing circuitry, adult-born neurons express receptors for neurotransmitters, but the intercellular mechanisms and their impact on neurogenesis remain largely unexplored. Here, we show that neuroblasts born in the postnatal subventricular zone (SVZ) acquire NMDA receptors (NMDARs) during ... |
2,322,947 | Central nervous system abnormalities in patients with oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum (Goldenhar syndrome). | To describe the central nervous system (CNS) alterations present in a sample of oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum (OAVS) patients, trying to correlate them with other clinical features.</AbstractText>Seventeen patients with diagnosis of OAVS were evaluated. All presented radiological evaluation of the CNS, normal GTG-B... |
2,322,948 | Prevalence, characteristics and perinatal outcome of fetal ventriculomegaly in 29,000 pregnancies followed at a single institution. | Our purpose was to assess the impact of prenatally diagnosed ventriculomegaly (VM) on the course of advancing pregnancy and the postnatal outcome of affected fetuses.</AbstractText>In this retrospective survey 109/28,935 (3.8 per 1,000) singleton pregnancies with abnormal width of the fetal lateral ventricle system dia... |
2,322,949 | Rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor of the fourth ventricle--case report. | Rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor (RGNT) of the fourth ventricle is a rare tumor included as a novel glioneuronal neoplasm in the 2007 World Health Organization classification of brain tumors. A 15-year-old female patient presented with RGNT of the fourth ventricle manifesting as headache persisting for one month. Mag... |
2,322,950 | Cysteine string protein beta is prominently associated with nerve terminals and secretory organelles in mouse brain. | Cysteine string proteins (CSPs) are associated with regulated secretory organelles in organisms ranging from fruit flies to man. Mammals have three csp genes (alpha, beta and gamma), and previous work indicated that expression of the csp-beta and -gamma genes was restricted to the testes. For the current investigation,... |
2,322,951 | Gap junctions/hemichannels modulate interkinetic nuclear migration in the forebrain precursors. | During mitotic division in the telencephalic proliferative ventricular zone (VZ), the nuclei of the neural precursors move basally away from the ventricular surface for DNA synthesis, and apically return to the surface for mitotic division; a process known as interkinetic migration or "to-and-fro" nuclear translocation... |
2,322,952 | External ventricular and lumbar drainage-associated meningoventriculitis: prospective analysis of time-dependent infection rates and risk factor analysis. | Data on time-dependency of external ventricular drainage (EVD)- and lumbar drainage (LD)-associated meningoventriculitis (MV) are scarce and discussions on the subject are controversial; no data exist for infection rates (IR) relative to drainage-days. For this reason, we conducted an observational study to determine t... |
2,322,953 | Papillary glioneuronal tumor: radiological evidence of a newly established tumor entity. | Papillary glioneuronal tumor (PGNT) was newly classified as a Grade I neuronal-glial tumor by 2007 revision of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumor of central nervous system (CNS) because of its characteristic pseudopapillae and diphase differentiation features. Previous literature has laid parti... |
2,322,954 | Foramina parietalia permagna in a Nigerian family. | Enlarged parietal foramina are defects in the skull and are believed to be benign and familial and caused by variable degree of defective intramembranous ossification of the parietal bones. They are rare and asymptomatic, usually associated with ALX4 or MSX2 gene mutations and transmitted as autosomal dominant.</Abstra... |
2,322,955 | Anatomopathological study of cardiomyopathy induced by doxorubicin in rats. | The development of an experimental model of myocardiopathy induced by Doxorubicin in rats.</AbstractText>16 wistar male rats were randomized in two groups: Group I (placebo) and Group II (Doxorubicin - 5mg/kg). After six months, the animals were subjected to cardiotomy and their hearts were weighted and submitted to tr... |
2,322,956 | Coupling between hydrodynamic forces and planar cell polarity orients mammalian motile cilia. | In mammals, motile cilia cover many organs, such as fallopian tubes, respiratory tracts and brain ventricles. The development and function of these organs critically depend on efficient directional fluid flow ensured by the alignment of ciliary beating. To identify the mechanisms involved in this process, we analysed m... |
2,322,957 | Surgery for papillary fibroelastoma with uncommon location in left ventricle. | Cardiac papillary fibroelastoma is a rare tumor. Its location in the left ventricular wall is uncommon. A 59-year-old woman with 2 previous strokes presented with a tumor in the left ventricular apex. The patient underwent tumor resection through a left ventriculotomy. The histopathologic diagnosis was papillary fibroe... |
2,322,958 | Glutaric aciduria type I and methylmalonic aciduria: simulation of cerebral import and export of accumulating neurotoxic dicarboxylic acids in in vitro models of the blood-brain barrier and the choroid plexus. | Intracerebral accumulation of neurotoxic dicarboxylic acids (DCAs) plays an important pathophysiological role in glutaric aciduria type I and methylmalonic aciduria. Therefore, we investigated the transport characteristics of accumulating DCAs - glutaric (GA), 3-hydroxyglutaric (3-OH-GA) and methylmalonic acid (MMA) - ... |
2,322,959 | Left Ventricle Segmentation Using Model Fitting and Active Surfaces. | A method to perform 4D (3D over time) segmentation of the left ventricle of a mouse heart using a set of B mode cine slices acquired in vivo from a series of short axis scans is described. We incorporate previously suggested methods such as temporal propagation, the gradient vector flow active surface, superquadric mod... |
2,322,960 | Schizencephaly: pre- and postnatal magnetic resonance imaging. | Schizencephaly is a rare disorder of neuronal migration that is characterized by the presence of clefts that extend from the ependymal surface of the lateral ventricles to the pial lining of the cortex. The authors present the case of a female patient with a prenatal diagnosis made by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ... |
2,322,961 | Arachnoid granules: Dandy was Dandy, Cushing and Weed were not. | Errors can be instructive. It seems that Harvey Cushing and Louis Weed provided the medical world with a faulty theory of cerebrospinal fluid absorption. Louis Weed, working in Harvey Cushing's laboratory, initially studied the movement of substances in the cerebrospinal fluid by using low-pressure studies. Results of ... |
2,322,962 | Heterotopically transplanted CVO neural stem cells generate neurons and migrate with SVZ cells in the adult mouse brain. | Production of new neurons throughout adulthood has been well characterized in two brain regions, the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the anterolateral ventricle and the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampus. The neurons produced from these regions arise from neural stem cells (NSCs) found in highly regulated stem cell... |
2,322,963 | Intra-amygdala injections of neuropeptide S block fear-potentiated startle. | Injections of neuropeptide S (NPS) into the lateral ventricle induce a strong hyperactivity. Since most behavioral paradigms are dependent of spontaneous locomotor activity, this makes it difficult to interpret the role of NPS in such paradigms. The aim of the present experiment was to investigate the effects of NPS in... |
2,322,964 | Slow age-dependent decline of doublecortin expression and BrdU labeling in the forebrain from lesser hedgehog tenrecs. | In addition to synaptic remodeling, formation of new neurons is increasingly acknowledged as an important cue for plastic changes in the central nervous system. Whereas all vertebrates retain a moderate neuroproliferative capacity, phylogenetically younger mammals become dramatically impaired in this potential during a... |
2,322,965 | Prognosis of isolated mild to moderate fetal cerebral ventriculomegaly: a systematic review. | To ascertain risk of aneuploidy, infection and neurological abnormality for the fetus diagnosed with isolated mild (10.1-12.0 mm) to moderate (12.1-15.0 mm) cerebral ventriculomegaly and to compare the neurological outcome between symmetrical vs. asymmetrical and stable vs. progressive ventriculomegaly.</AbstractText>A... |
2,322,966 | Efficient and detailed model of the local Ca2+ release unit in the ventricular cardiac myocyte. | We present here an efficient but detailed approach to modelling Ca(2+)-induced Ca(2+) release in the diadic cleft of cardiac ventricular myocytes. In this Framework we developed a spatial resolved Ca(2+) release unit (CaRU), consisting of the junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum and the diadic cleft, with a well defined c... |
2,322,967 | Repression of Fgf signaling by sprouty1-2 regulates cortical patterning in two distinct regions and times. | A fundamental question in developmental biology is how signaling pathways establish a transcription factor code that controls cell proliferation, regional fate and cell fate. Morphogenesis of the rostral telencephalon is controlled in part by Fgf signaling from the rostral patterning center. How Fgf signaling is regula... |
2,322,968 | Removal of polysialic acid triggers dispersion of subventricularly derived neuroblasts into surrounding CNS tissues. | Cells generated in the subventricular zone give rise to neuroblasts that migrate to the olfactory bulb (OB) along the rostral migratory stream (RMS). The polysialylated form of neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM) is expressed by these cells, and has been shown to both promote their migration and suppress different... |
2,322,969 | Mitochondrial chaperone tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated protein 1 protects cardiomyocytes from hypoxic injury by regulating mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening. | Tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated protein 1 (TRAP1) is a mitochondrial chaperone that plays a role in maintaining mitochondrial function and regulating cell apoptosis. The opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) is a key step in cell death after hypoxia. However, it is still unclear wh... |
2,322,970 | Both p110alpha and p110beta isoforms of phosphatidylinositol 3-OH-kinase are required for insulin signalling in the hypothalamus. | Both insulin and leptin action in the brain are considered to involve activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), although the roles of different PI3K isoforms in insulin signalling in the hypothalamus are unknown. In the present study, we characterised the roles of these isoforms in hypothalamic insulin and leptin... |
2,322,971 | Augurin stimulates the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis via the release of corticotrophin-releasing factor in rats. | The functional characterization of secreted peptides can provide the basis for the development of novel therapeutic agents. Augurin is a recently identified secreted peptide of unknown function expressed in multiple endocrine tissues, and in regions of the brain including the hypothalamus. We therefore investigated the... |
2,322,972 | [Estimation of postmortem interval using FTIR spectroscopy in rats' cardiac muscle]. | FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectroscopy was applied to observe the process of postmortem degradation in rats' cardiac muscle and provided a new method for the estimation of post-mortem interval (PMI).</AbstractText>The rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and the bodies were kept in a controlled environm... |
2,322,973 | Stress-induced regional features of left ventricle is related to pathogenesis of clinical conditions with both acute and chronic stress. | Tako-tsubo cardiomyopathy is a relatively newly described acute and reversible left ventricular (LV) dysfunction triggered by emotional stress. The disease is associated with excessive sympathetic stimulation, microvascular dysfunction and abnormal myocardial tissue metabolism. Recently, we have pointed out that tako-t... |
2,322,974 | The central role of the brain aldosterone-"ouabain" pathway in salt-sensitive hypertension. | Na(+)-transport regulating mechanisms classically considered to reflect renal control of sodium homeostasis and BP, i.e. aldosterone-mineralocorticoid receptors (MR)-epithelial sodium channels (ENaC)-Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase have now been demonstrated to also be present in the central nervous system. This pathway is being reg... |
2,322,975 | Functional identification of neural stem cell-derived oligodendrocytes by means of calcium transients elicited by thrombin. | Current immunosuppressive treatments for central nervous system demyelinating diseases fail to prevent long-term motor and cognitive decline in patients. Excitingly, glial cell transplantation arises as a promising complementary strategy to challenge oligodendrocytes loss occurring in myelination disorders. A potential... |
2,322,976 | Expression patterns of protein C inhibitor in mouse development. | Proteolysis of extracellular matrix is an important requirement for embryonic development and is instrumental in processes such as morphogenesis, angiogenesis, and cell migration. Efficient remodeling requires controlled spatio-temporal expression of both the proteases and their inhibitors. Protein C inhibitor (PCI) ef... |
2,322,977 | Effects of gestational age and birth weight on brain volumes in healthy 9 year-old children. | To assess the effects of gestational age and birth weight on brain volumes in a population-based sample of normal developing children at the age of 9 years.</AbstractText>A total of 192 children from twin births were included in the analyses. Data on gestational age and birth weight were reported shortly after birth. T... |
2,322,978 | Neural-specific inactivation of ShcA functions results in anatomical disorganization of subventricular zone neural stem cell niche in the adult brain. | Shc(s) family of adaptor molecules has been implicated in several physiological functions. In particular, our previous studies have shown major roles in the mechanisms that control the transition from proliferating neural stem cells (NSCs) to postmitotic neurons in the mammalian brain. In the adult brain, ShcA expressi... |
2,322,979 | Evidence that central action of paraquat interferes in the dipsogenic effect of Ang II. | Paraquat is a widely used herbicide that may have central neurotoxic actions. In this study we investigated whether administration of paraquat in the central nervous system interferes with the physiological role of angiotensin II in regulating blood pressure, water intake and thermogenesis. Under tribromoethanol anesth... |
2,322,980 | The effect of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha on hypoxia-induced apoptosis in primary neonatal rat ventricular myocytes. | To study the role of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1alpha) on hypoxia-induced apoptosis in primary neonatal rat ventricular myocytes.</AbstractText>Primary neonatal rat ventricular myocytes were exposed to hypoxia for 24 hours. HIF-1alpha activity was suppressed by treating the cells with 3-(5'-hydroxymethyl-2'... |
2,322,981 | Sildenafil limits monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension in rats through suppression of pulmonary vascular remodeling. | We hypothesize that sildenafil attenuates pulmonary hypertension through suppressing pulmonary vascular remodeling. Thirty male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to receive saline injection (Group 1), subcutaneous monocrotaline (MCT) (60 mg/kg) (Group 2), and MCT plus oral sildenafil (30 g/kg per day) (Group 3)... |
2,322,982 | Longitudinal MRI shows no cerebral abnormality in chronic fatigue syndrome. | MRI has previously provided conflicting results when used to search for brain abnormalities in sufferers of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). Eighteen CFS patients and nine healthy volunteers each underwent MRI on two occasions, one year apart. The resulting images were examined for abnormalities in brain atrophy, deep w... |
2,322,983 | The impact of substance use on brain structure in people at high risk of developing schizophrenia. | Ventricular enlargement and reduced prefrontal volume are consistent findings in schizophrenia. Both are present in first episode subjects and may be detectable before the onset of clinical disorder. Substance misuse is more common in people with schizophrenia and is associated with similar brain abnormalities. We empl... |
2,322,984 | Acute food deprivation reduces expression of diazepam-binding inhibitor, the precursor of the anorexigenic octadecaneuropeptide ODN, in mouse glial cells. | In the central nervous system of mammals, the gene encoding diazepam-binding inhibitor (DBI) is exclusively expressed in glial cells. Previous studies have shown that central administration of a DBI processing product, the octadecaneuropeptide ODN, causes a marked inhibition of food consumption in rodents. Paradoxicall... |
2,322,985 | Location of the corticospinal tract at the corona radiata in human brain. | Little is known about the location of the corticospinal tract (CST) at the corona radiata (CR). In the current study we attempted to elucidate the location of the CST for the hand at the CR using diffusion tensor tractography analysis based on functional MRI activation results. Functional MRI was performed at 1.5-T wit... |
2,322,986 | An endodermal cyst mimicking an intra-axial tumor in the medulla oblongata. | Endodermal cysts, also known as enterogenous, neurenteric, foregut, epithelial, bronchogenic, or respiratory cysts, are rare benign lesions lined by columnar epithelium of a presumed endodermal origin. Endodermal cysts are rarely intracranial, but when this occurs, the cysts are frequently located in the posterior foss... |
2,322,987 | Laryngeal mucosa: its susceptibility to damage by acid and pepsin. | <AbstractText Label="OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">Exposure of pig laryngeal mucosa to pepsin and acid will have a differential damaging effect depending on the anatomical site, mirroring the effects seen in the human larynx in laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR). This study aims to quantitate damage caused... |
2,322,988 | Is sequential cranial ultrasound reliable for detection of white matter injury in very preterm infants? | Cranial ultrasound (cUS) may not be reliable for detection of diffuse white matter (WM) injury. Our aim was to assess in very preterm infants the reliability of a classification system for WM injury on sequential cUS throughout the neonatal period, using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as reference standard.</Abstract... |
2,322,989 | Intraventricular hemorrhage and posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus in the preterm infant. | Intraventricular hemorrhage and posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus are the most important neurological complications in preterm infants during the neonatal period. The incidence of germinal matrix-intraventricular hemorrhage widely ranges from 5% to 90%, depending on the population of study. Although the incidence of intrav... |
2,322,990 | Electrical and morphological characteristics of anteroventral periventricular nucleus kisspeptin and other neurons in the female mouse. | Neurons in the rodent anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV) play a key role in integrating circadian and gonadal steroid hormone information in the control of fertility. In particular, estradiol-sensitive kisspeptin neurons located in the AVPV, and adjacent structures [together termed the rostral periventricular... |
2,322,991 | Leptin accumulation in hypothalamic and dorsal raphe neurons is inversely correlated with brain serotonin content. | Food intake and energy balance are among the functions regulated by serotonin in the brain. Recent studies have shown an interaction of serotonergic system with leptin, a protein released from adipose tissue that inhibits feeding behavior and increases fuel expenditure. In this study, leptin labeled with digoxigenin wa... |
2,322,992 | Expression of the orphan GPR50 protein in rodent and human dorsomedial hypothalamus, tanycytes and median eminence. | The melatonin receptor family is composed of three members, MT(1) and MT(2) receptors that bind melatonin with high affinity and the orphan GPR50 that does not bind melatonin but shares significant sequence homology with the two other subtypes. In the absence of any known ligand for this orphan receptor, little is stil... |
2,322,993 | Cella media distance in human brain in relation to age and gender. | To determine whether simple linear measurements can be used as an accurate and reproducible replacement of the volumetric ones.</AbstractText>We measured the cella media distance (CM1) and the distance between the right and left human brain surfaces (CM2)--measured along the CM1 line--in the groups of women (F) and men... |
2,322,994 | Intraventricular meningioma after cranial irradiation for childhood leukemia. | Meningiomas are among the most common brain tumors in adults. They are most commonly located over the cerebral convexities and are infrequently found in an intraventricular location. Ionizing cranial radiation is a risk factor for late occurrence of meningiomas within the radiation field. While pathologic grading of me... |
2,322,995 | Somatotopic location of corticospinal tract at pons in human brain: a diffusion tensor tractography study. | No diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) study has yet investigated the somatotopic location of the corticospinal tract (CST) at the pons. In the current study, we used DTT to investigate the somatotopic location of the CST at the pons in the human brain. We recruited 25 healthy volunteers for this study. Diffusion tenso... |
2,322,996 | Reversible cerebrospinal fluid edema and porencephalic cyst, a rare complication of ventricular catheter. | Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) edema and porencephaly are rare postoperative complications of a ventricular shunt that result from obstruction of the distal catheter, especially in children with taut ventricles. We report a 10-year-old male with cerebellar germinoma complicated by obstructive hydrocephalus. Ventriculopunctu... |
2,322,997 | "Color Timer" mice: visualization of neuronal differentiation with fluorescent proteins. | The molecular mechanisms governing the differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) into neuronal progenitor cells and finally into neurons are gradually being revealed. The lack of convenient means for real-time determination of the stages of differentiation of individual neural cells, however, has been hindering progr... |
2,322,998 | Simple area-based measurement for multidetector computed tomography to predict left ventricular size. | Measures of left ventricular (LV) mass and dimensions are independent predictors of morbidity and mortality. We determined whether an axial area-based method by computed tomography (CT) provides an accurate estimate of LV mass and volume.</AbstractText>A total of 45 subjects (49% female, 56.0 +/- 12 years) with a wide ... |
2,322,999 | Derivation of primary choroid plexus epithelial cells from the mouse. | Choroid plexus epithelial cells form an integral and important part of the barrier between blood and cerebrospinal fluid. Culture of choroid plexus epithelium in vitro has been achieved from several mammalian species and this provides opportunities for the study of choroid plexus development and function, including the... |
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