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2,323,000 | [Laryngopyocele. Rare cause of relapsing cervical infections]. | A laryngopyocele forms when a laryngocele, as a dilatation of the laryngeal ventricle, becomes infected and fills with mucopus. Laryngopyoceles are rare, as only few cases have been previously reported in the literature. The case of a 75-year-old woman who was treated twice because of a deep cervical infection is descr... |
2,323,001 | Cetacean brain evolution: Dwarf sperm whale (Kogia sima) and common dolphin (Delphinus delphis) - An investigation with high-resolution 3D MRI. | This study compares a whole brain of the dwarf sperm whale (Kogia sima) with that of a common dolphin (Delphinus delphis) using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The Kogia brain was scanned with a Siemens Trio Magnetic Resonance scanner in the three main planes. As in the common dolphin and other marine... |
2,323,002 | Impact of actin filament stabilization on adult hippocampal and olfactory bulb neurogenesis. | Rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton is essential for dynamic cellular processes. Decreased actin turnover and rigidity of cytoskeletal structures have been associated with aging and cell death. Gelsolin is a Ca(2+)-activated actin-severing protein that is widely expressed throughout the adult mammalian brain. Here,... |
2,323,003 | Correlation of automated volumetric analysis of brain MR imaging with cognitive impairment in a natural history study of mucopolysaccharidosis II. | Reliable markers for predicting neurologic outcome in patients with MPS II are lacking. The purpose of this study is to explore whether quantitative volumetric measurements of brain MR imaging can be used to differentiate between MPS II patients with and without cognitive impairment. This MR imaging study is the first ... |
2,323,004 | The formation of the embryonic mouse heart: heart fields and myocardial cell lineages. | During cardiogenesis in the mouse, the second heart field (SHF) is the source of the myocardium of the outflow tract and it contributes to other regions of the heart with the exception of the primitive left ventricle. This contribution corresponds with that of the second myocardial cell lineage, identified by retrospec... |
2,323,005 | The 'molar tooth sign' in Joubert syndrome. | The molar tooth sign is seen in very few conditions and is a very rare paediatric central nervous system congenital anomaly. Molar tooth sign is the result of cerebellar vermis hypoplasia, thick and maloriented superior cerebellar peduncles, and an abnormally deep interpeduncular fossa. In Joubert syndrome this is seen... |
2,323,006 | A new kind of and reversible brainstem involvement in primary Sjögren's syndrome as an initial manifestation. | The prevalence of abnormalities on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) varies in primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) patients and they are generally multiple hyperintense areas in the subcortical and periventricular white matter on T2-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequences. Here, we report brai... |
2,323,007 | The clinical spectrum of Blake's pouch cyst: report of six illustrative cases. | Although Blake's pouch cyst (BPC) is frequently mentioned in the spectrum of posterior fossa cysts and cystlike malformations since its first description in 1996, its natural history, clinical presentation, specific imaging characteristics, optimal treatment, and outcome are relatively unknown. Consequently, BPC may st... |
2,323,008 | Calmodulin- and Ca2+-dependent facilitation and inactivation of the Cav1.2 Ca2+ channels in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes. | The L-type Ca(2+) channel (Ca(V)1.2) shows clear Ca(2+)-dependent facilitation and inactivation. Here we have examined the effects of calmodulin (CaM) and Ca(2+) on Ca(2+) channel in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes in the inside-out patch mode, where rundown of the channels was controlled. At a free [Ca(2+)] of 0.1 mic... |
2,323,009 | Self-beating atypically shaped cardiomyocytes survive a long-term postnatal development while preserving the expression of fetal cardiac genes in mice. | The present study was designed to examine the postnatal developmental changes of atypically shaped cardiomyocytes (ACMs) prepared from the heart of newborn [postnatal day 1 (day-1)] through aged (12-month-old) mice. ACMs were identified as a novel type of self-beating cardiomyocyte with a peculiar morphology in mouse c... |
2,323,010 | Preclinical evaluation of radiation and perifosine in a genetically and histologically accurate model of brainstem glioma. | Brainstem gliomas (BSG) are a rare group of central nervous system tumors that arise mostly in children and usually portend a particularly poor prognosis. We report the development of a genetically engineered mouse model of BSG using the RCAS/tv-a system and its implementation in preclinical trials. Using immunohistoch... |
2,323,011 | Increases in serotonergic neuronal activity following intracerebroventricular administration of AF64A in rats. | Changes in the serotonergic nervous system after the intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of ethylcholine aziridinium (AF64A, 3 nmol/each ventricle) were studied in rats. Two weeks after the infusion of AF64A, the levels of 5-HT and 5-HIAA in microdialysed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), the levels of total 5-HT ... |
2,323,012 | The cavum septi pellucidi: why is it important? | The cavum septi pellucidi (CSP) is routinely imaged in the fetal brain during obstetric sonography; in fact, for well over a decade, assessment of the CSP has been considered part of the required elements of a standard examination of fetal morphology in guidelines developed by multiple specialty societies. Our objectiv... |
2,323,013 | No effect of obstetric complications on basal ganglia volumes in schizophrenia. | Heterogeneous findings have been reported in studies of basal ganglia volumes in schizophrenia patients as compared to healthy controls. The basal ganglia contain dopamine receptors that are known to be involved in schizophrenia pathology and to be vulnerable to pre- and perinatal hypoxic insults. Altered volumes of ot... |
2,323,014 | Wheel running eliminates high-fat preference and enhances leptin signaling in the ventral tegmental area. | Voluntary wheel running (WR) is a form of physical activity in rodents that influences ingestive behavior. This study examined the effects of WR on dietary preference and the potential role of leptin in mediating these effects. In a two-diet choice paradigm in which both palatable high-fat (HF) food and standard labora... |
2,323,015 | Modulation of bone morphogenic protein signalling alters numbers of astrocytes and oligodendroglia in the subventricular zone during cuprizone-induced demyelination. | The adult subventricular zone (SVZ) is a potential source of precursor cells to replace neural cells lost during demyelination. To better understand the molecular events that regulate neural precursor cell responsiveness in this context we undertook a microarray and quantitative PCR based analysis of genes expressed wi... |
2,323,016 | Disseminated intravascular coagulation associated with ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery. | Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) as a complication of surgery for ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts is extremely rare, and only one case has been documented in the literature. The authors present the case of a 9-year-old girl with shunted hydrocephalus who presented with a 3-day history of headaches and vomi... |
2,323,017 | Endoscopic biopsy of brain tumors in children: diagnostic success and utility in guiding treatment strategies. | Endoscopic biopsy is an important minimally invasive method of diagnosis in the initial management of lesions in children with intraventricular and periventricular tumors. The procedure can be performed in conjunction with CSF-diverting procedures for obstructive hydrocephalus. The authors present their single-institut... |
2,323,018 | Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in patients with a diminished prepontine interval. | Fenestration of the floor of the third ventricle is vital to the success of endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) in treating patients with noncommunicating hydrocephalus. A generous prepontine interval (PPI) is generally accepted as one anatomical feature that may affect the safety and functionality of ETV. Whether a... |
2,323,019 | Endoscopic management of intraventricular brain tumors in pediatric patients: a review of indications, techniques, and outcomes. | Endoscopic neurosurgical techniques have enabled pediatric neurosurgeons to treat a number of conditions in a minimally invasive manner. In addition to its pivotal role in the treatment of hydrocephalus, endoscopy is increasingly being used in the management of intraventricular brain tumors. Endoscopy has become the fi... |
2,323,020 | Cortico-subcortical underpinnings of narrative processing impairment in schizophrenia. | Cortical and subcortical gray matter volumes were correlated with a set of linguistic scores in a group of schizophrenia patients. Lexical informativeness was positively associated with the volume of the left frontal cortical and accumbal areas, while left hippocampal atrophy and right ventricle enlargement predicted i... |
2,323,021 | Rare laryngeal anomaly or spontaneously drained bilateral saccular cyst? | Laryngeal malformations are usually present at birth. Common anomalies include laryngomalacia, vocal fold paralysis, and subglottic stenosis; less common are congenital saccular cysts, laryngeal webs and atresias, and laryngeal lymphangiomas. Symptoms may range from stridor and hoarseness to respiratory distress. In so... |
2,323,022 | Localised Ca channel phosphorylation modulates the distribution of L-type Ca current in cardiac myocytes. | The t-tubule network is central to excitation-contraction coupling in mammalian cardiac ventricular myocytes, with recent studies showing that the majority of Ca influx via the L-type Ca current (I(Ca)) occurs across the t-tubule membrane. The present study investigated whether tonic phosphorylation of the L-type Ca ch... |
2,323,023 | Fetal general movements and brain sonography in a population at risk for preterm birth. | General movements (GMs) assessed three months post term are related to brain injury and neurological outcome.</AbstractText>To study GMs in fetuses and their predictive value for echogenicity changes in the fetal brain.</AbstractText>Prospective study of fetal GMs (classified as normal or abnormal) and echogenicity cha... |
2,323,024 | Distribution and sex differences in aromatase-producing neurons in the brain of Japanese quail embryos. | The biochemical properties, neuroanatomical location, and function of aromatase (ARO), the enzyme that converts testosterone to 17beta-estradiol, have been studied extensively in the adult quail brain. Conversely, very little is known about ARO in quail embryos. This study investigated the distribution of ARO in quail ... |
2,323,025 | Tecto-cerebellar dysraphia manifesting as occipital meningocoele associated with congenital melanocytic nevi and pectus excavatum. | Only few reported cases of tectocerebellar dysraphia with occipital encephalocele have been reported in the literature.</AbstractText>Three month baby boy, the first child of healthy, consanguineous parents presented with a small swelling over the occipital region since birth. The child also used to have apneic spells ... |
2,323,026 | Differences in the pattern of ventricular activation in small rodents determined by morphological organization of the cardiac ventricular conduction system. | Ventricular activation of the mouse heart differs significantly compared to activation in larger mammals. Knowledge of structural and functional characteristics of laboratory animals is essential for evaluation of results obtained from experiments. The present study was performed to evaluate whether the different patte... |
2,323,027 | Dose-dependent effect of EGF on migration and differentiation of adult subventricular zone astrocytes. | Adult neural stem cells (NSCs) are located in the subventricular zone (SVZ), a specialized brain niche located on the walls of the lateral ventricle. Under physiological conditions, NSCs generate a large number of young neurons and some oligodendrocytes, however the mechanisms controlling cell proliferation and migrati... |
2,323,028 | Area-specific migration and recruitment of new neurons in the adult songbird brain. | Neuron recruitment has been implicated in morphological and functional plasticity in the adult brain. Whereas mammals restrict neuron recruitment specifically to two regions of known plasticity, the hippocampus and olfactory bulb, newborn neurons are found throughout the forebrain of adult songbirds. In order to study ... |
2,323,029 | Regional distribution and cellular localization of beta2-adrenoceptors in the adult zebrafish brain (Danio rerio). | The beta(2)-adrenergic receptors (ARs) are G-protein-coupled receptors that mediate the physiological responses to adrenaline and noradrenaline. The present study aimed to determine the regional distribution of beta(2)-ARs in the adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) brain by means of in vitro autoradiographic and immunohistoc... |
2,323,030 | Neurotrophic factor control of adult SVZ neurogenesis. | Neurogenesis is the process by which cells divide, migrate, and subsequently differentiate into a neuronal phenotype. Significant rates of neurogenesis persist into adulthood in two brain regions, the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus and the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles. Cells of the S... |
2,323,031 | Huge supratentorial extraventricular anaplastic ependymoma presenting with massive calcification--case report. | A 15-year-old boy presented with an anaplastic supratentorial ependymoma causing massive intratumoral calcification, without contributory medical and family history, and manifesting as persistent headache for 2 months. Physical examination found no neurological deficit except for visual defect in the right lower quadra... |
2,323,032 | Central neurocytoma presenting with massive hemorrhage leading to coma--case report. | A 21-year-old man presented with a hemorrhagic central neurocytoma manifesting as acute onset of disturbance of consciousness and right hemiparesis. Computed tomography (CT) demonstrated a tumor in the left lateral ventricle during the course of evaluation for mental alteration 12 days before onset, but the tumor was l... |
2,323,033 | Clinical significance of cerebrospinal fluid tap test and magnetic resonance imaging/computed tomography findings of tight high convexity in patients with possible idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. | Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a treatable syndrome with a classical triad of symptoms. The Japanese iNPH guidelines indicate that the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tap test and tight high-convexity on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging are important for the diagnosis. The relationships between the effecti... |
2,323,034 | Gamma knife radiosurgery for central neurocytomas. | The long-term outcome of gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS) for central neurocytomas remains unclear. In the present study, we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 7 patients with 8 central neurocytomas who underwent GKS between March 1997 and April 2007. They were 3 men and 4 women age ranging 9 to 53 years old... |
2,323,035 | Increased hypothalamic signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 phosphorylation after hindbrain leptin injection. | Reduction of food intake and body weight by leptin is attributed largely to its action in the hypothalamus. However, the signaling splice variant of the leptin receptor, LRb, also is expressed in the hindbrain, and leptin injections into the fourth cerebral ventricle or dorsal vagal complex are associated with reductio... |
2,323,036 | Hippocampal and caudate volume reductions in antipsychotic-naive first-episode schizophrenia. | Enlarged ventricles and reduced hippocampal volume are consistently found in patients with first-episode schizophrenia. Studies investigating brain structure in antipsychotic-naive patients have generally focused on the striatum. In this study, we examined whether ventricular enlargement and hippocampal and caudate vol... |
2,323,037 | Treatment of intracerebral haemorrhage in rats with intraventricular transplantation of human amniotic epithelial cells. | We explored the effects on brain oedema and neurological functional recovery after transplantation of hAECs (human amniotic epithelial cells) into the lateral ventricle of rats with ICH (intracerebral haemorrhage). hAECs were isolated from human term placenta and seeded for primary culture. We delivered hAECs labelled ... |
2,323,038 | [Effect of the novel nootropic and neuroprotective dipeptide noopept on the streptozotocin-induced model of sporadic Alzheimer disease in rats]. | Streptozotocin-intracerebroventricularly treated rats are proposed as an experimental model of sporadic Alzheimer disease (AD). Diabetogenic toxin streptozotocin (STZ) administered in both cerebral ventricles in a dose of 3 mg/kg decreases the expression of NGF and BDNF mainly in the hippocampus and increases the conte... |
2,323,039 | Cerebral localization in the eighteenth century--an overview. | At the beginning of the eighteenth century, attempts to localize cerebral functions generated a wide range of different ideas. Ancient theories and their revisions stood next to new doctrines; anatomical, pathological, and surgical observations stood beside philosophical conjectures or conclusions from physiological ex... |
2,323,040 | Cerebral localization in antiquity. | Fragments of neurology can be found in the oldest medical writings in antiquity. Recognizable cerebral localization is seen in Egyptian medical papyri. Most notably, the Edwin Smith papyrus describes hemiplegia after a head injury. Similar echoes can be seen in Homer, the Bible, and the pre-Hippocratic writer Alcmaeon ... |
2,323,041 | Fourth ventricular mixed germ cell tumor demonstrating adipose tissue in a young adult. | We report a case of fourth ventricular mixed germ cell tumor (GCT) in a 20-year-old man. Neuroradiological investigations revealed a fourth ventricular hemorrhagic tumor with adipose tissue. We suspected mixed GCT because adipose tissue was seen preoperatively, but mixed GCT occurring after childhood in this location h... |
2,323,042 | Brain ventricular volume and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease. | The frequent co-occurrence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus suggests a possible link between ventricular dilation and AD. If enlarging ventricles serve as a marker of faulty cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) clearance mechanisms, then a relationship may be demonstrable betwee... |
2,323,043 | Cyclosporin A has direct effects on adult neural precursor cells. | Multipotent, self-renewing neural stem cells and their progeny [collectively referred to as neural precursor cells (NPCs)] represent a population of cells with great promise for CNS repair. To effectively harness their potential for therapeutic applications, the factors that regulate NPC behavior and/or fate must be we... |
2,323,044 | Bilateral giant open lip schizencephaly with associated cerebral anomalies: a case report. | A nine-month old boy was brought to our hospital with a complaint of growth retardation. On cerebral magnetic resonance imaging examination, giant clefts resulting in the connection of lateral ventricles with subarachnoidal spaces were detected in both cerebral hemispheres, and interpreted as bilateral giant open-lip s... |
2,323,045 | Lumbar puncture alleviates chorea in a patient with Huntington's disease and normal pressure hydrocephalus. | A 44-year-old African-American male was admitted to our hospital after a suicide attempt. He had depression, poor cognitive function, choreiform movements, difficulty pronouncing words, and difficulty walking. His symptoms had worsened markedly over several months. Chorea lead to genetic testing that confirmed a diagno... |
2,323,046 | Aquaporin-1 in blood vessels of rat circumventricular organs. | Although the water channel protein aquaporin-1 (AQP1) is widely observed outside the rat brain in continuous, but not fenestrated, vascular endothelia, it has not previously been observed in any endothelia within the normal rat brain and only to a limited extent in the human brain. In this immunohistochemical study of ... |
2,323,047 | Progressive cerebellar degenerative changes in the severe mental retardation syndrome caused by duplication of MECP2 and adjacent loci on Xq28. | Localised duplications, involving the MECP2 locus, at Xq28 have been associated with a syndrome comprising X-linked mental retardation, hypotonia and recurrent infections in males. We now present neuroradiological evidence that progressive cerebellar degenerative changes may also be a consistent feature of this syndrom... |
2,323,048 | Spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage and obstructive hydrocephalus: unusual complications of a cervical intramedullary arteriovenous malformation. | A case of acute severe noncommunicating hydrocephalus complicating a high cervical arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is presented here. A 29-year-old lady, 4 years after partial microsurgical resection of a high cervical intramedullary AVM, presented with sudden-onset weakness of all extremities, impaired cognition, cer... |
2,323,049 | Nestin is essential for zebrafish brain and eye development through control of progenitor cell apoptosis. | Nestin is expressed in neural progenitor cells (NPC) of developing brain. Despite its wide use as an NPC marker, the function of nestin in embryo development is unclear.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">As nestin is conserved in zebrafish and its predicted sequenc... |
2,323,050 | Anterior interhemispheric approach for 100 tumors in and around the anterior third ventricle. | We report our experience with anterior interhemispheric approach for tumors in and around the anterior third ventricle, including surgical technique, instrumentation, pre- and postoperative hormonal disturbances, and resection rate.</AbstractText>One hundred patients with 46 craniopharyngiomas, 12 hypothalamic gliomas,... |
2,323,051 | Accessing the recesses of the fourth ventricle: comparison of tonsillar retraction and resection in the telovelar approach. | To compare the effectiveness of the telovelar approach with tonsillar manipulation for approaching the recesses of the fourth ventricle.</AbstractText>A telovelar approach was performed in 8 injected cadaveric heads. Areas of exposure were measured for the superolateral and lateral recesses. Horizontal angles were eval... |
2,323,052 | Endoscopic choroid plexus cauterization versus ventriculoperitoneal shunt for hydranencephaly and near hydranencephaly: a prospective study. | To prospectively evaluate the results of endoscopic choroid plexus cauterization (ECPC) and ventriculoperitoneal shunts (VPSs) in infants with hydranencephaly or near hydranencephaly.</AbstractText>We prospectively collected clinical data from all untreated hydranencephalic and near hydranencephalic children from Octob... |
2,323,053 | Endoscopic management of sphenoclival neoplasms: anatomical correlates and patient outcomes. | To characterize the endoscopic anatomy of the sphenoid sinus and the adjacent clivus and cavernous sinus, and to review patient outcomes for neoplasms in this region.</AbstractText>Cadaver dissection and chart review.</AbstractText>Cadaver laboratory and tertiary care center.</AbstractText>Fresh-frozen cadaver heads we... |
2,323,054 | Regulation of autonomic nerve activities by central pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide. | Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a peptidergic neurotransmitter that is expressed in high levels in nervous systems. Here, we investigated the roles of PACAP in autonomic system regulation by evaluating the changes caused in the autonomic nerve activities after injecting PACAP into the cent... |
2,323,055 | Imaging fluid flow and cilia beating pattern in Xenopus brain ventricles. | Brain development and health depends upon the efficient movement of the cerebrospinal fluid inside of brain ventricles. When disrupted either through mutation, disease, or physiological damage, brain function becomes significantly impaired. Here I present a simple method of following cerebrospinal fluid circulation in ... |
2,323,056 | Brain self-protection: the role of endogenous neural progenitor cells in adult brain after cerebral cortical ischemia. | Convincing evidence has shown that brain ischemia causes the proliferation of neural stem cells/neural progenitor cells (NSCs/NPCs) in both the subventricular zone (SVZ) and the subgranular zone (SGZ) of adult brain. The role of brain ischemia-induced NSC/NPC proliferation, however, has remained unclear. Here we have d... |
2,323,057 | Pituitary volume and third ventricle width in euthymic patients with bipolar disorder. | Many of the clinical and neuroendocrine features of bipolar disorder involve hypothalamic structures. Although current neuroimaging techniques inadequately resolve the structural components of the hypothalamus, evidence of derangement can be sought by examining the adjacent third ventricle and the functionally related ... |
2,323,058 | Quantifying the effects of normal ageing on white matter structure using unsupervised tract shape modelling. | Quantitative tractography may provide insights into regional heterogeneity of changes in white matter structure in normal ageing. Here we examine how brain atrophy and white matter lesions affect correlations between tract shape, tract integrity and age in a range of frontal and non-frontal tracts in 90 non-demented su... |
2,323,059 | Anatomic logic of the foramen Luschka in neurootologic surgery. | The authors emphasise the key role of the state of the foramen Luschka in indication of neurootologic surgical approaches. Blockage of the foramen of Luschka with a medium or big tumour may impaire the CSF circulation. In such case the lateral transtemporal approaches--translabyrinthine and transotic are the best optio... |
2,323,060 | [Three pediatric cases with choroid plexus papilloma in the fourth ventricle]. | Choroid plexus papillomas are rare; they comprise less than 1% of all intracranial tumors. In children, most of these neoplasms arise in the lateral ventricle while in adults they are primarily located in the fourth ventricle. We report 3 children with choroid plexus papilloma in the fourth ventricle; they were one 5-m... |
2,323,061 | Cilia organize ependymal planar polarity. | Multiciliated epithelial cells, called ependymal cells, line the ventricles in the adult brain. Most ependymal cells are born prenatally and are derived from radial glia. Ependymal cells have a remarkable planar polarization that determines orientation of ciliary beating and propulsion of CSF. Disruption of ependymal c... |
2,323,062 | Laryngocoele as an unusual complication of supracricoid partial laryngectomy: evaluation of 62 cases. | This study sought to evaluate the incidence, aetiology, clinical features and treatment modalities for laryngocoele formation after supracricoid partial laryngectomy.</AbstractText>The medical charts of 62 patients who had undergone supracricoid partial laryngectomy were reviewed.</AbstractText>Three patients developed... |
2,323,063 | Effects of central administration of glucagon on feed intake and endocrine responses in sheep. | This study was conducted to investigate effects of glucagon intracerebroventricularly administered on feed intake and endocrine changes in sheep. Four male sheep (48-55 kg BW) were used. The animals were acclimatized to be fed alfalfa hay cubes at 12.00 hour. Human glucagon (40 and 80 microg/0.5 mL) was injected into t... |
2,323,064 | Reduced glutathione decreases energy expenditure in chicks exposed to separation stress. | Recently, we reported that intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of reduced glutathione (GSH) induces hypnotic and sedative effects under an acute stressful condition in chicks. However, no information is available on the effects of GSH on energy expenditure (EE) under stressful conditions. The purpose of the pres... |
2,323,065 | Intracerebroventricular injection of L-aspartic acid and L-asparagine induces sedative effects under an acute stressful condition in neonatal chicks. | The present study was conducted to clarify the central functions of L-aspartic acid (Asp) and L-asparagine (Asn) during an acute stressful condition in chicks. Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of Asp and Asn (0.84 micromol) attenuated the vocalization that normally occurs during social separation stress. Asp ... |
2,323,066 | Correlation between magnetic resonance imaging and histopathologic grades in Rasmussen syndrome. | The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histopathologic findings in Rasmussen syndrome. Serial MRIs were obtained for five patients who had histologically proven Rasmussen syndrome. The histopathologic grades of the lesions were subdivided into phases: activ... |
2,323,067 | Congenital fusion of the thalami (atresia of the third ventricle) associated with parietooccipital meningocele. | In this article we present a case of a male newborn with a CNS malformation that is characterized mainly by complete fusion of the thalami resulting in atresia of the 3rd ventricle accompanied by fusion of the anterior peduncles of the fornix, the presence of a single occult interventricular foramen lying at the midlin... |
2,323,068 | Factors influencing spinal canal stenosis in patients with long-term controlled hydrocephalus treated with cerebrospinal fluid shunt. | Spinal canal stenosis (CS) occurs in patients with hydrocephalus who are treated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunting. The pathophysiology of CS comprises CSF overdrainage. We analyzed the incidence of CS and the factors causing it.</AbstractText>Thirty-three patients who underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunt during ... |
2,323,069 | Cyclooxygenase-1 null mice show reduced neuroinflammation in response to beta-amyloid. | Several independent epidemiological studies indicate that chronic use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can reduce the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD), supporting the inflammatory cascade hypothesis. Although the first clinical trial with indomethacin, a preferential cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 inhibitor,... |
2,323,070 | Expression of aquaporins 1 and 4 in the brain of spontaneously hypertensive rats. | Aquaporins (AQP) 1 and 4 are water channel proteins localized respectively at the level of the blood-cerebrospinal fluids (CSF) and blood brain (BBB) barriers. These barriers represent the sites of exchange between blood and nervous tissue and between blood, choroid plexus and CSF in brain ventricles respectively. Dama... |
2,323,071 | Heterogeneity in progenitor cell subtypes in the ventricular zone of the zebrafish adult telencephalon. | The zebrafish has become a new model for adult neurogenesis, owing to its abundant neurogenic areas in most brain subdivisions. Radial glia-like cells, actively proliferating cells, and label-retaining progenitors have been described in these areas. In the telencephalon, this complexity is enhanced by an organization o... |
2,323,072 | An Fgfr3-iCreER(T2) transgenic mouse line for studies of neural stem cells and astrocytes. | The lack of markers for astrocytes, particularly gray matter astrocytes, significantly hinders research into their development and physiological properties. We previously reported that fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (Fgfr3) is expressed by radial precursors in the ventricular zone of the embryonic neural tube and ... |
2,323,073 | Smad3 deficiency reduces neurogenesis in adult mice. | Transforming growth factor-beta signaling through Smad3 inhibits cell proliferation in many cell types. As cell proliferation in the brain is an integral part of neurogenesis, we sought to determine the role of Smad3 in adult neurogenesis through examining processes and structures important to neurogenesis in adult Sma... |
2,323,074 | Neurogenic radial glia in the outer subventricular zone of human neocortex. | Neurons in the developing rodent cortex are generated from radial glial cells that function as neural stem cells. These epithelial cells line the cerebral ventricles and generate intermediate progenitor cells that migrate into the subventricular zone (SVZ) and proliferate to increase neuronal number. The developing hum... |
2,323,075 | General movements in the perinatal period and its relation to echogenicity changes in the brain. | In preterm born infants abnormal general movements (GMs) generally normalize before three months post term, but may persist when perinatal brain injury is present.</AbstractText>To assess the continuity of GM quality from fetal to early neonatal period and its relation to brain echogenicity changes.</AbstractText>Prosp... |
2,323,076 | Insight into the patterns of cerebrospinal fluid flow in the human ventricular system using MR velocity mapping. | The patterns of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow within the human ventricular system are still not fully understood in all their complexity. Knowledge is based on either the interpretation of CSF flow curves or computational simulations. Both approaches only provide an incomplete insight into the spatial and temporal dyn... |
2,323,077 | Posterior interhemispheric transfalx transprecuneus approach to the atrium of the lateral ventricle: a cadaveric study. | The posterior interhemispheric transprecuneus gyrus approach is one of the surgical routes that has been suggested to reach the atrium of the lateral ventricle. It has the advantage of avoiding the disruption of the optic radiations; however, it has a narrow working area that at times makes the execution of this approa... |
2,323,078 | MRI morphometry of the cerebral ventricles in patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. | A total of 27 right-handed patients aged 7-30 years with diagnoses of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder were studied using standard MRI scans. Of these, 14 were aged below 13 years. The volumes of the lateral ventricles were measured using T1-weighted MRI images of sagittal sections of the brain to a precision o... |
2,323,079 | Expression and functional activity of nucleoside transporters in human choroid plexus. | Human equilibrative nucleoside transporters (hENTs) 1-3 and human concentrative nucleoside transporters (hCNTs) 1-3 in the human choroid plexus (hCP) play a role in the homeostasis of adenosine and other naturally occurring nucleosides in the brain; in addition, hENT1, hENT2 and hCNT3 mediate membrane transport of nucl... |
2,323,080 | Centrally administered ascorbic acid induces antidiuresis, natriuresis and neurohypophyseal hormone release in rats. | Ascorbic acid represents one of the most important antioxidants and neuromodulators, and plays an important role in the cerebral system. In the present study, we investigated the central effect of ascorbic acid on fluid regulation and electrolyte homeostasis.</AbstractText>Male Wistar rats were implanted with stainless... |
2,323,081 | Onset and progression of pathologic atrophy in Huntington disease: a longitudinal MR imaging study. | Longitudinal MR imaging measures provide an opportunity to track progression in HD before the emergence of clinical symptoms. This may prove useful in assessing disease-modifying treatments. We investigated how caudate and global volumes change as HD progresses from premanifest to early disease.</AbstractText>Forty HD ... |
2,323,082 | Prenatal diagnosis of mosaic ring 22 duplication/deletion with terminal 22q13 deletion due to abnormal first trimester screening and choroid plexus cyst detected on ultrasound. | We report a rare case of mosaic ring chromosome 22 duplication/deletion in a fetus for whom karyotype analysis was required because of an abnormal finding in the maternal serum screening test and a choroid plexus cyst detected on prenatal ultrasound. Additional prenatal study of the amniotic fluid by fluorescence in si... |
2,323,083 | Metalloporphyrin antioxidants ameliorate normal tissue radiation damage in rat brain. | We examined the effects of manganese (III) meso-tetrakis (diethyl-2-5-imidazole) porphyrin, a metalloporphyrin antioxidant (MPA), on neural tissue radiation toxicity in vivo and on tumour cell radiosensitivity in vitro.</AbstractText>MPA was administered directly into the right lateral ventricle of young adult, male Sp... |
2,323,084 | Epithelial relaxation mediated by the myosin phosphatase regulator Mypt1 is required for brain ventricle lumen expansion and hindbrain morphogenesis. | We demonstrate that in the zebrafish hindbrain, cell shape, rhombomere morphogenesis and, unexpectedly, brain ventricle lumen expansion depend on the contractile state of the neuroepithelium. The hindbrain neural tube opens in a specific sequence, with initial separation along the midline at rhombomere boundaries, subs... |
2,323,085 | Vertebrobasilar dilatative arteriopathy (dolichoectasia). | Dolichoectasia (dilatative arteriopathy) describes marked elongation, widening, and tortuosity of arteries. The intracranial vertebral and basilar arteries are preferentially involved. Dolichoectatic arteries usually have an abnormally large external diameter and a thin arterial wall, with degeneration of the internal ... |
2,323,086 | Primary central nervous system Burkitt lymphoma as concomitant lesions in the third and the left ventricles: a case study and literature review. | This study reports the case of a 75-year-old woman with intermittent speech disturbance, headache, and general malaise. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed a double lesion located in the third ventricle and temporal horn of the lateral ventricle. We completely removed the lesion in the third ventricle, adhering to ... |
2,323,087 | Regulatory volume increase in epithelial cells isolated from the mouse fourth ventricle choroid plexus involves Na(+)-H(+) exchange but not Na(+)-K(+)-2Cl(-) cotransport. | The aim of this study was to determine the ability of choroid plexus epithelial cells to volume regulate when exposed to hypertonic solutions, and furthermore to identify the ion transporters involved in any volume regulation. Experiments were performed on cells freshly isolated, using the enzyme dispase, from the mous... |
2,323,088 | [Morphology of acute myocardial infarction at prenecrotic stage].<Pagination><StartPage>4</StartPage><EndPage>8</EndPage><MedlinePgn>4-8</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText>We studied morphological changes of myocardium and content of glucose, potassium, calcium, sodium in pericardial fluid in persons who ... | We studied morphological changes of myocardium and content of glucose, potassium, calcium, sodium in pericardial fluid in persons who died suddenly of myocardial infarction at its prenecrotic stage at prehospital phase. It was established that acute myocardial infarction at prenecrotic stage can run in 2 morphological ... |
2,323,089 | Intraoperative neurophysiology for surgery in and around the brainstem: role of brainstem mapping and corticobulbar tract motor-evoked potential monitoring. | New advancements of intraoperative neurophysiology for surgery in and around the brainstem have been described. NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES: Brainstem mapping (BSM) is applied to locate cranial nerves and their motor nuclei (CMN) on the floor of the fourth ventricle. Corticobulbar tract (CBT) motor-evoked potential (... |
2,323,090 | Hydrocephalus shunt practice of experienced pediatric neurosurgeons. | The objective of this study is to evaluate the ways experienced pediatric neurosurgeons insert ventriculo-peritoneal shunts and manage the shunted children afterward.</AbstractText>Seven pediatric neurosurgeons with extensive experience in hydrocephalus were surveyed about their choice of shunts, methods of shunt inser... |
2,323,091 | Genetic approach for intracerebroventricular delivery. | Administration of synthetic or purified peptides directly into the brain ventricles is a method commonly used by neuroscientists for exploring physiological and behavioral functions of gene products. i.v. administration is controlled by the blood-brain barrier, which limits its effectiveness, and current approaches for... |
2,323,092 | Mathematical modeling of CSF pulsatile hydrodynamics based on fluid-solid interaction. | Intracranial pressure (ICP) is derived from cerebral blood pressure and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulatory dynamics and can be affected in the course of many diseases. Computer analysis of the ICP time pattern plays a crucial role in the diagnosis and treatment of those diseases. This study proposes the application ... |
2,323,093 | [Application of long term subcutaneously implanted access into the central veins system of "PORT" type in the Clinic of Pediatry, Pediatric Hematology and Oncology in Zabrze--15 year own observations]. | Long term disease treatment in children is a very special medical problem due to a necessity of maintaining an efficient venous access for many months and even years. Vascular ports applied in those children improved the conditions of treatment and a quality of life, additionally, made the job of personnel taking care ... |
2,323,094 | Endoscopic diagnosis of a pineal papillary glioneuronal tumor with extensive ventricular involvement: case report with review of literature. | Papillary glioneuronal tumor (PGNT) is a newly described mixed glioneuronal tumor, recently included in the World Health Organization classification of central nervous system tumors. We report morphologic and immunohistochemical characteristics PGNT of the pineal region extending into the third and lateral ventricles i... |
2,323,095 | Case report. Primary hypothalamic third ventriclular Burkitt's lymphoma: a case report with emphasis on differential diagnosis. | A patient with primary Burkitt-type lymphoma of the central nervous system is presented. A hypothalamic-third ventricular tumour in a man 71 years of age was diagnosed histologically as Burkitt's lymphoma. Primary Burkitt's lymphoma of the hypothalamic region is extremely rare and has not been previously reported in ad... |
2,323,096 | Cryptococcal choroid plexitis: rare imaging findings of central nervous system cryptococcal infection in an immunocompetent individual. | Central nervous system (CNS) cryptococcosis is a common opportunistic fungal infection in immunocompromised patients, and the imaging findings differ from those in immunocompetent patients. Here, we present the imaging findings in an immunocompetent woman of a rare case of central nervous system cryptococcal choroid pl... |
2,323,097 | Changes in kinetics of amino acid uptake at the ageing ovine blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier. | Amino acids (AA) in brain are precisely controlled by blood-brain barriers, which undergo a host of changes in both morphology and function during ageing. The effect of these age-related changes on AA homeostasis in brain is not well described. This study investigated the kinetics of four AA (Leu, Phe, Ala and Lys) upt... |
2,323,098 | Embryonic exposure to ethanol disturbs regulation of mitotic spindle orientation via GABA(A) receptors in neural progenitors in ventricular zone of developing neocortex. | Neural progenitors in the ventricular zone of the developing neocortex divide oriented either parallel or perpendicular to the ventricular surface based on their mitotic spindle orientation. It has been shown that the cleavage plane orientation is developmentally regulated and plays a crucial role in cell fate determin... |
2,323,099 | A lifespan MRI evaluation of ventricular enlargement in normal aging mice. | Ventricular enlargement has been proposed as a structural biomarker for the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This biomarker, established in human patients, needs to be translated to animals to facilitate drug development for the disease. However, ventricular enlargement is not exclusive to AD, since the ventric... |
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