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2,323,100 | [Microsurgical anatomy and quantitative assessment of suboccipital median transcerebellomedullary fissure keyhole approach]. | To assess the suboccipital median transcerebellomedullary fissure keyhole approach in a cadaver model by using a neuronavigation system and explore its feasibility and operative indications.</AbstractText>Six 10% formaldehyde-fixed adult cadaveric head and neck specimens injected with colored latex were chosen for the ... |
2,323,101 | Melatonin protects periventricular white matter from damage due to hypoxia. | This study investigated the potential of melatonin in ameliorating hypoxic damage to the periventricular white matter (PWM) in the neonatal brain. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), nitric oxide (NO), glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the PWM of 1-day-old rats subjected to hypoxia for a per... |
2,323,102 | Developmental and steroidogenic effects on the gene expression of RFamide related peptides and their receptor in the rat brain and pituitary gland. | RFamide related peptides (RFRPs) have been extensively implicated in the neuroendocrine control of reproduction. While steroid hormones strongly regulate the closely-related kisspeptin gene and protein expression, the regulation of RFRPs or their receptor by steroid hormones is almost unknown. The present study aimed t... |
2,323,103 | Role of estradiol in the dynamic control of tanycyte plasticity mediated by vascular endothelial cells in the median eminence. | In the ever-changing physiological context of the neuroendocrine brain, the mechanisms by which cellular events involving neurons, astroglia, and vascular cells are coordinated to bring forth the appropriate neuronal signaling is not yet known but is amenable to examination. In the median eminence of the hypothalamus, ... |
2,323,104 | Modulation of intracellular calcium transient in response to beta-adrenoceptor stimulation in the hearts of 4-wk-old rats during simulated weightlessness. | Modulation of intracellular calcium ([Ca(2+)](i)) transient in response to beta-adrenoceptor stimulation in the hearts of hindlimb unweighted (HLU) rats during simulated weightlessness has not been reported. In the present study, we adopted the rat tail suspension for 4 wk to simulate weightlessness. Effects of simulat... |
2,323,105 | Rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor (RGNT) of the fourth ventricle: Case report and review of literature. | Rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor (RGNT) of the fourth ventricle has been identified as a novel and distinctive type of primary central nervous system neoplasm. In this report, we present a case with RGNT arising from the right cerebellar hemisphere. A 30-year-old female patient complained of headache for a five-year ... |
2,323,106 | Importance of catheter contact force during irrigated radiofrequency ablation: evaluation in a porcine ex vivo model using a force-sensing catheter. | Ablation electrode-tissue contact has been shown to be an important determinant of lesion size and safety during nonirrigated ablation but little data are available during irrigated ablation. We aimed to determine the importance of contact force during irrigated-tip ablation.</AbstractText>Freshly excised hearts from 1... |
2,323,107 | Is ventriculomegaly in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus associated with a transmantle gradient in pulsatile intracranial pressure? | In patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) and ventriculomegaly, examine whether there is a gradient in pulsatile intracranial pressure (ICP) from within the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of cerebral ventricles (ICP(IV)) to the subdural (ICP(SD)) compartment. We hypothesized that pulsatile ICP is high... |
2,323,108 | Caveolin-1 exists and may function in cardiomyocytes. | Whether ventricular cardiac myocytes of mouse contain caveolin-1 is disputed. It has been claimed to be exclusively in nearby endothelial cell profiles. Recently, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) was reported to be present in mouse ventricular cardiac myocytes, colocalized with caveolin-1, and caveolin-1 knockout was... |
2,323,109 | Changes in central sodium and not osmolarity or lactate induce panic-like responses in a model of panic disorder. | Panic disorder is a severe anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent panic attacks that can be consistently provoked with intravenous (i.v.) infusions of hypertonic (0.5 M) sodium lactate (NaLac), yet the mechanism/CNS site by which this stimulus triggers panic attacks is unclear. Chronic inhibition of GABAergic synt... |
2,323,110 | Atlas generation for subcortical and ventricular structures with its applications in shape analysis. | Atlas-driven morphometric analysis has received great attention for studying anatomical shape variation across clinical populations in neuroimaging research as it provides a local coordinate representation for understanding the family of anatomic observations. We present a procedure for generating atlas of subcortical ... |
2,323,111 | Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 mRNA in the rat developing forebrain and retina. | Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-3, a receptor for VEGF-C and VEGF-D, is expressed in neural progenitor cells, but there has been no comprehensive study of its distribution in the developing brain. Here, the temporal and cell-specific expression of VEGFR-3 mRNA was studied in the developing rat foreb... |
2,323,112 | Differential distribution of tight junction proteins suggests a role for tanycytes in blood-hypothalamus barrier regulation in the adult mouse brain. | The median eminence is one of the seven so-called circumventricular organs. It is located in the basal hypothalamus, ventral to the third ventricle and adjacent to the arcuate nucleus. This structure characteristically contains a rich capillary plexus and features a fenestrated endothelium, making it a direct target of... |
2,323,113 | Microcephaly with simplified gyral pattern: MRI classification. | To develop subjective (visual) and objective (morphometric) rating scales for the classification of MRI in infants who had microcephaly with a simplified gyral pattern (MSGP) and to validate the first by the latter.</AbstractText>We compared the MRI of 12 patients with MSGP and of 5 term-born control infants. Visual ra... |
2,323,114 | Sonic hedgehog is required for vascular outgrowth in the hindbrain choroid plexus. | Critical to the exchange and metabolic functions served by tissues like brain choroid plexi and lung is the coherent development of an epithelial sheet of large surface area in tight apposition to an extensive vascular bed. Here, we present functional experiments in the mouse demonstrating that Sonic hedgehog (Shh) pro... |
2,323,115 | Longterm quiescent cells in the aged human subventricular neurogenic system specifically express GFAP-delta. | A main neurogenic niche in the adult human brain is the subventricular zone (SVZ). Recent data suggest that the progenitors that are born in the human SVZ migrate via the rostral migratory stream (RMS) towards the olfactory bulb (OB), similar to what has been observed in other mammals. A subpopulation of astrocytes in ... |
2,323,116 | Intraoperative assessment of cerebral aqueduct patency and cisternal scarring: impact on success of endoscopic third ventriculostomy in 403 African children. | In the setting of a developing country where preoperative imaging may be limited, the authors wished to determine whether cisternal scarring or aqueduct patency at the time of surgery was sufficiently predictive of the failure of endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) to justify shunt placement at the time of the initi... |
2,323,117 | Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in the treatment of childhood hydrocephalus in Uganda: report of a scoring system that predicts success. | In Uganda, childhood hydrocephalus is common and difficult to treat. In some children, endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) can be successful and avoid dependence on a shunt. This can be especially beneficial in Uganda, because of the high risk of infection and long-term failure associated with shunting. Therefore, t... |
2,323,118 | Intracellular Ca2+ modulation during short exposure to ischemia-mimetic factors in isolated rat ventricular myocytes. | We investigated the effects of different ischemia-mimetic factors on intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i). Ventricular myocytes were isolated from adult Wistar rats, and [Ca2+]i was measured using fluorescent indicator fluo-4 AM by confocal microscopy. Intracellular pH was measured using c5-(and-6)-carboxy SNARF-... |
2,323,119 | Nitrogen compounds prevent h9c2 myoblast oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death.<Pagination><StartPage>51</StartPage><EndPage>65</EndPage><MedlinePgn>51-65</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1007/s12012-010-9062-2</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Oxidative ... | Oxidative stress has been connected to various forms of cardiovascular diseases. Previously, we have been investigating the potential of new nitrogen-containing synthetic compounds using a neuronal cell model and different oxidative stress conditions in order to elucidate their potential to ameliorate neurodegenerative... |
2,323,120 | A long-term study of changes in the volume of brain ventricles and white matter lesions after successful liver transplantation. | A prolonged survival in liver transplant recipients due to a better management exposes them to multiple factors that can impair neurologic function in the long term.</AbstractText>Twenty-two patients were studied by brain magnetic resonance and completed a neuropsychologic assessment shortly before liver transplant, 6 ... |
2,323,121 | Proteomics analysis of cardiac muscle from rats with peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) stimulation. | To investigate peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) signal responses in heart muscle, we performed LC-MS/MS-based proteomics analysis of heart muscle from rats given fenofibrate or clofibrate. Fenofibrate increased the expression of ACAA2, DECR1, and ECH1 consistent with activation of PPARalpha... |
2,323,122 | Temporal relationship between primary and motile ciliogenesis in airway epithelial cells. | Cilia are traditionally classified as motile or primary. Motile cilia are restricted to specific populations of well-differentiated epithelial cells, including those in the airway, brain ventricles, and oviducts. Primary cilia are nonmotile, solitary structures that are present in many cell types, and often have sensor... |
2,323,123 | A pharmacologically active monoclonal antibody against the human melanocortin-4 receptor: effectiveness after peripheral and central administration. | The hypothalamic melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) is a constituent of an important pathway regulating food intake and energy expenditure. We produced a monoclonal antibody (mAb) directed against the N-terminal domain of the MC4R and evaluated its potential as a possible therapeutic agent. This mAb (1E8a) showed specific ... |
2,323,124 | Decreased susceptibility to salt-induced hypertension in subtotally nephrectomized mice lacking the vasopressin V1a receptor. | By examining vasopressin V1a receptor (V1aR) knockout (KO) mice, we previously found that the V1aR is critically involved in the regulation of normal blood pressure. The present study was undertaken to elucidate the role of the V1aR in salt-induced hypertension.</AbstractText>We compared haemodynamic responses induced ... |
2,323,125 | Basal ganglia location of subependymal giant cell astrocytomas in two infants. | Subependymal giant cell astrocytomas are benign tumors that constitute one of the primary features of tuberous sclerosis. Two infants with tuberous sclerosis had very unusual subependymal giant cell astrocytomas, confirmed on biopsy in one of the infants. In both cases, contrast-enhanced cranial magnetic resonance imag... |
2,323,126 | Psammoma bodies - friends or foes of the aging choroid plexus. | Psammoma bodies are structures classified in the group of dystrophic calcifications, which occur in some kind of tumors and in choroid plexus during the aging process. Despite early discovery of their presence in choroid plexus stroma, mechanisms responsible for their formation remained unclear. Their presence in some ... |
2,323,127 | Endothelinergic cells in the subependymal region of mice. | Endothelin (ET) is a small peptide that activates astrocyte proliferation, regulates proliferation and migration of embryonic neural precursor cells and stimulates glioblastoma growth. We found that in mouse brain, ET and its receptor B (ETRB) were highly expressed in the subependymal zone (SEZ), an adult neurogenic ni... |
2,323,128 | Treatment of a pontine neuroepithelial cyst by placement of a cystocisternal grommet. | We describe an 8-year-old girl who presented with cranial nerve compression due to a brainstem cyst adjacent to the fourth ventricle and describe the first documented insertion of a grommet to form a conduit between a neuroepithelial cyst and ventricle. The patient presented with diplopia and headaches and was found to... |
2,323,129 | A robust method to estimate the intracranial volume across MRI field strengths (1.5T and 3T). | As population-based studies may obtain images from scanners with different field strengths, a method to normalize regional brain volumes according to intracranial volume (ICV) independent of field strength is needed. We found systematic differences in ICV estimation, tested in a cohort of healthy subjects (n=5) that ha... |
2,323,130 | Improving intersubject image registration using tissue-class information benefits robustness and accuracy of multi-atlas based anatomical segmentation. | Automatic anatomical segmentation of magnetic resonance human brain images has been shown to be accurate and robust when based on multiple atlases that encompass the anatomical variability of the cohort of subjects. We observed that the method tends to fail when the segmentation target shows ventricular enlargement tha... |
2,323,131 | Computed tomographic evaluation of cerebral ventricular size in clinically normal calves. | To evaluate lateral ventricular size in clinically normal calves by use of computed tomography and to examine the relationships between ventricular height (Vh), ventricular area (VA), and ventricular volume (VV).</AbstractText>14 Holstein calves. Procedures-14 calves underwent computed tomography of the head with trans... |
2,323,132 | A bivariate twin study of regional brain volumes and verbal and nonverbal intellectual skills during childhood and adolescence. | Twin studies indicate that both intelligence and brain structure are moderately to highly heritable. Recent bivariate studies of adult twins also suggest that intelligence and brain morphometry are influenced by shared genetic factors. The current study examines shared genetic and environmental factors between brain mo... |
2,323,133 | Air embolism during sexual intercourse in the puerperium. | Air embolism is a rare but well-recognized cause of sudden death during pregnancy or in the puerperium. Many of the cases described in the medical literature are associated with sexual activities, in particular following air insufflation during orogenital sex. This case report describes the sudden death from air emboli... |
2,323,134 | Expression of ezrin radixin moesin proteins in the adult subventricular zone and the rostral migratory stream. | Continuous proliferation occurs in the adult subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles throughout life. In the SVZ, progenitor cells differentiate into neuroblasts, which migrate tangentially along the rostral migratory stream (RMS) to reach their final destination in the olfactory bulb. These progenitor cell... |
2,323,135 | Neurobiological mechanisms underlying kisspeptin activation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons at puberty. | Studies undertaken in many species indicate that kisspeptin-Gpr54 signaling is essential for the activation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons to bring about puberty. Investigations in transgenic mouse models, in particular, have highlighted the importance of kisspeptin signaling at the level of the GnRH ... |
2,323,136 | Spatiotemporal distribution pattern of white matter lesion volumes and their association with regional grey matter volume reductions in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. | The association of white matter (WM) lesions and grey matter (GM) atrophy is a feature in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). The spatiotemporal distribution pattern of WM lesions, their relations to regional GM changes and the underlying dynamics are unclear. Here we combined parametric and non-parametric v... |
2,323,137 | Structural abnormalities of the brain other than molar tooth sign in Joubert syndrome-related disorders. | We performed a retrospective study in which we investigated malformations other than brainstem and vermian dysgenesis in Joubert syndrome-related disorders (JSRD). We investigated the frequency and type of structural abnormalities that coexist with the molar tooth sign (MTS) in JSRD.</AbstractText>We searched our archi... |
2,323,138 | Deletion of the Parkin co-regulated gene causes defects in ependymal ciliary motility and hydrocephalus in the quakingviable mutant mouse. | The quakingviable mouse (qkv) is a spontaneous recessive mouse mutant with a deletion of approximately 1.1 Mb in the proximal region of chromosome 17. The deletion affects the expression of three genes; quaking (Qk), Parkin-coregulated gene (Pacrg) and parkin (Park2). The resulting phenotype, which includes dysmyelinat... |
2,323,139 | Genetic counseling and "molecular" prenatal diagnosis of holoprosencephaly (HPE). | Holoprosencephaly (HPE) is a structural anomaly of the developing brain in which the forebrain fails to divide into two separate hemispheres and ventricles. The poor prognosis in the most severe forms justifies the importance of genetic counseling in affected families. The genetic counseling requires a thorough clinica... |
2,323,140 | Supratentorial abnormalities in the Chiari II malformation, IV: the too-far-back ventricle. | The sonographic diagnosis of fetal myelomeningocele (MMC) has improved mainly because the diagnostic focus has shifted from observation of the spinal abnormality to observation of cranial abnormalities. We describe an abnormality in the position of the occipital horn in fetuses with MMC. The occipital horn appears to b... |
2,323,141 | Intracerebroventricular morphine for refractory cancer pain: transitioning to the home setting. | Refractory cancer pain may be effectively controlled by titrating intracerebroventricular (ICV) preservative-free opioid. In this case report, a continuous infusion of ICV morphine permitted our patient with lung cancer and painful spinal metastases to be discharged to home hospice with family. The approach exploits th... |
2,323,142 | Evaluation of teratogenic potential of cyfluthrin, a synthetic pyrethroid in Swiss albino mice. | A toxicity study was planned to assess the teratogenic potential of cyfluthrin that is widely used as a household insecticide to control mosquitoes, flies and cockroaches. Pregnant Swiss albino mice of one group were orally administered two doses of the pesticide (16 mg/kg and 32 mg/kg body weight) daily during the org... |
2,323,143 | Fonsecaea monophora cerebral phaeohyphomycosis: case report of successful surgical excision and voriconazole treatment and review. | We report a case of Fonsecaea monophora cerebral phaeohyphomycosis successfully treated with surgical excision and voriconazole monotherapy in a patient receiving maintenance immunosuppression therapy for 8 years after cadaveric renal transplantation. She presented with a severe frontal headache in the absence of any c... |
2,323,144 | A method for the measurement of left ventricular overload for combined aortic valve pathology.<Pagination><StartPage>499</StartPage><EndPage>506</EndPage><MedlinePgn>499-506</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE STUDY" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">Patients with combined aortic val... | The constantly increasing complexity and duration of surgical intervention, comorbidity that leads to severe circulatory and respiratory disorders, multifactoriness of functional and metabolic disorders--this also needs a rapid and accurate assessment of patients and objective monitoring. The value of monitoring is det... |
2,323,145 | Hypothalamic insulin-like growth factor-I receptors are necessary for hormone-dependent luteinizing hormone surges: implications for female reproductive aging. | Brain IGF-I receptors are required for maintenance of estrous cycles in young adult female rats. Circulating and hypothalamic IGF-I levels decrease with aging, suggesting a role for IGF-I in the onset of reproductive senescence. Therefore, the present study investigated potential mechanisms of action of brain IGF-I rec... |
2,323,146 | [A simulation study of the effects of ischemia on spiral waves in 2D human ventricular tissue].<Pagination><StartPage>1329</StartPage><EndPage>1334</EndPage><MedlinePgn>1329-34</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText>Based on human ventricular single cell mathematical model, a two-dimensional mesh of ventricul... | Based on human ventricular single cell mathematical model, a two-dimensional mesh of ventricular wall tissue was constructed. Through the increasing of the concentration of extracellular K+, we simulated the propagation of spiral wave in a condition under the influence of ischemia in 2-D human ventricular tissue. The r... |
2,323,147 | [Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support in acute cardiorespiratory function failure patients after cardiac surgery].<Pagination><StartPage>1397</StartPage><EndPage>1399</EndPage><MedlinePgn>1397-9</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText Label="OBJECTIVE" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">To investigate the treatmen... | To investigate the treatment experience of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support after cardiac surgery.</AbstractText>Retrospectively analyze the clinical data of 117 postoperative patients supported with ECMO in cardiac intensive care unit from March 2005 to June 2008. There were 32 female and 85 male pat... |
2,323,148 | Vitamin K prior to preterm birth for preventing neonatal periventricular haemorrhage. | Preterm infants are at risk of periventricular haemorrhage. This can be a sign of brain damage that might lead to neurodevelopmental abnormalities, including cerebral palsy. It has been suggested that vitamin K might improve coagulation in preterm infants and thereby decrease the risk of periventricular haemorrhage.</A... |
2,323,149 | Phenobarbital prior to preterm birth for preventing neonatal periventricular haemorrhage. | Preterm infants are at risk of periventricular haemorrhage. Phenobarbital might prevent ischaemic injury or reduce fluctuations in blood pressure and blood flow in the brain.</AbstractText>To assess the benefits and harms of giving phenobarbital to women at risk of imminent very preterm birth with the primary aim of pr... |
2,323,150 | Comparison of two volumetric techniques for estimating volume of intracerebral ventricles using magnetic resonance imaging: a stereological study. | The size of brain ventricles is especially relevant in some brain diseases such as epilepsy, schizophrenia and other neurodegenerative diseases. Many studies have been conducted to assess the brain ventricles. To the best of our knowledge, however, there is no fourth, third and lateral ventricles volume study evaluatin... |
2,323,151 | Transcranial sonography for diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. | In idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD) transcranial sonography (TCS) represents an alternative diagnostic method to verify clinical diagnosis. Although the phenomenon of an increased echogenicity of the Substantia nigra (SN) is well known this method is still not widly used in the diagnostic workup. Until now reliabil... |
2,323,152 | Red mold rice promotes neuroprotective sAPPalpha secretion instead of Alzheimer's risk factors and amyloid beta expression in hyperlipidemic Abeta40-infused rats. | Amyloid beta (Abeta) peptide is closely related to the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD). A high-cholesterol or high-energy diet was demonstrated to stimulate Abeta formation and deposition in the amyloid precursor protein (APP) pathway and, oppositely, downregulate the secretion of the neuroprotective soluble APP alph... |
2,323,153 | Microsurgical excision of colloid cyst with favorable cognitive outcomes and short operative time and hospital stay: operative techniques and analyses of outcomes with review of previous studies. | Microsurgical and endoscopic colloid cyst excision differ with regard to operative time, length of hospital stay, and extent of resection.</AbstractText>A retrospective review of a single surgeon's microsurgical colloid cyst resection in 10 consecutive patients was performed. Cyst size, hydrocephalus, symptoms, operati... |
2,323,154 | Intracranial migration of a fractured intrathecal catheter from a baclofen pump system: case report and analysis of possible causes. | This case report describes a new complication associated with a baclofen pump in which its fractured intrathecal catheter migrated into the patient's ventricular system. A thecal model was developed to evaluate catheter buoyancy in artificial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The literature was reviewed to identify possible m... |
2,323,155 | A systematic review of the effects of antipsychotic drugs on brain volume. | People with schizophrenia are often found to have smaller brains and larger brain ventricles than normal, but the role of antipsychotic medication remains unclear.</AbstractText>We conducted a systematic review of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies. We included longitudinal studies of brain changes in patients ta... |
2,323,156 | Different levels of Hsp72 in female rat myocardium in response to voluntary exercise and forced exercise. | Physical exercise induces hemodynamic stress.</AbstractText>To evaluate if voluntary running and forced running induced different levels of stress protein (Hsp72) in the myocardium of female Wistar rats.</AbstractText>Female rats were randomly assigned to the following groups: forced treadmill running group (FR; n= 6),... |
2,323,157 | A novel approach for curve evolution in segmentation of medical images. | A new joint parametric and nonparametric curve evolution algorithm is proposed for medical image segmentation. In this algorithm, both the nonlinear space of level set function (nonparametric model) and the linear subspace of level set function spanned by the principle components (parametric model) are employed in the ... |
2,323,158 | Dynamic roles of FGF-2 and Anosmin-1 in the migration of neuronal precursors from the subventricular zone during pre- and postnatal development. | FGF-2 and Anosmin-1 are diffusible proteins which act in cell proliferation and/or migration during CNS development. We describe their developmental expression patterns in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the forebrain and the neuronal precursors (NPs) that migrate from this neurogenic site towards the olfactory bulb, ... |
2,323,159 | Clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of choroid plexus tumors: single-institution experience in Mexican population. | In recent years, few studies have specifically focused on only histological features in choroid plexus tumors. We retrospectively reviewed the clinicopathologic and histological features in 37 patients with choroid plexus tumors and correlated these with glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression and proliferati... |
2,323,160 | Establishment of a neuroepithelial barrier by Claudin5a is essential for zebrafish brain ventricular lumen expansion. | Lumen expansion driven by hydrostatic pressure occurs during many morphogenetic processes. Although it is well established that members of the Claudin family of transmembrane tight junction proteins determine paracellular tightness within epithelial/endothelial barrier systems, functional evidence for their role in the... |
2,323,161 | Developmental vitamin D deficiency alters learning in C57Bl/6J mice. | Epidemiological studies have highlighted a season of birth effect in multiple sclerosis and schizophrenia. As a result, low prenatal vitamin D has been proposed as a candidate risk factor for these brain diseases, with cognitive impairments. In order to further investigate the long-term consequences of a transient gest... |
2,323,162 | Increased acidic fibroblast growth factor concentrations in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer's disease. | Acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF), also called FGF-1, which influences the proliferation and differentiation of various cell types in vitro, was originally isolated from neural tissue. It is released from the ependymal cells of the cerebral third ventricle into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). FGF-1 promotes the sur... |
2,323,163 | Novel observations on the origin of ependymal cells in the ventricular zone of the rat spinal cord. | Despite extensive investigations of gliogenesis, the time of origin of ependymal cells in the spinal cord has not yet been fully elucidated. Using a single dose of 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine combined with various survival times we monitored: mitotic activity (short survival time), the presence of newly formed cells in the ... |
2,323,164 | Therapeutic effect of human amniotic epithelial cell transplantation into the lateral ventricle of hemiparkinsonian rats. | Human amniotic epithelial cells (HAECs) are able to secrete biologically active neurotrophins such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin-3, both of which exhibit trophic activities on dopamine neurons. Previous study showed that when human amniotic epithelial cells were transplanted into the striatum of... |
2,323,165 | Endoscopic tracking of a ventricular catheter for entry into the lateral ventricle: technical note. | Tapping the ventricle with a cannula prior to introducing the endoscope is the preferred technique by many neurosurgeons in gaining ventricular access during endoscopic procedures. We have adapted this technique by passing a soft ventricular catheter into the ventricle (instead of a cannula), subsequently following thi... |
2,323,166 | Pinless frameless electromagnetic image-guided neuroendoscopy in children. | Frameless imaged-guided neuronavigation is a useful adjunct to neuroendoscopy in paediatric patients, especially those with abnormal or complex ventricular or cyst anatomy. The development of electromagnetic neuronavigation has allowed the use of image-guided navigation in the very young patient in whom rigid fixation ... |
2,323,167 | Metastatic melanoma of the septum pellucidum mimicking a colloidal cyst of the third ventricle. A novel case. | We report the first case in the literature of a solitary metastatic melanoma of the septum pellucidum, mimicking a colloidal cyst of the third ventricle. In a 22-year-old man clinical and radiological examination revealed regional left inguinal, bilateral suprarenal and left broncho-pulmonary parailar nodular masses. I... |
2,323,168 | Neural stem cell niches and homing: recruitment and integration into functional tissues. | Considerable attention has focused on the study of neural stem cells (NSCs) as therapy for neurodegenerative diseases. The mammalian brain harbors NSCs throughout life mainly in the subventricular zone (SVZ) as well as the subgranular zone. NSCs in the SVZ are a specialized subpopulation of astrocytes that maintain con... |
2,323,169 | Choroid plexus portals and a deficiency of melatonin can explain the neuropathology of Alzheimer's disease. | Presently, the textbook description of cerebrospinal fluid absorption is through the arachnoid granules into the superior sagittal sinus. The theory is based on non-physiologic experiments and fails to explain multiple observations. Photographs and microphotographs of choroid plexus portals are included. Evidence is pr... |
2,323,170 | Fetal brain asymmetry: in utero sonographic study of normal fetuses. | The objective of the study was to evaluate the magnitude of normal fetal brain asymmetry.</AbstractText>This was a prospective study. Normal fetuses between 19-28 weeks of gestation were studied. The cerebral atria, occipital cortex, and hemispheres in both sides were measured. The difference between each side was eval... |
2,323,171 | Lateralized genetic and environmental influences on human brain morphology of 8-year-old twins. | It has been increasing rapidly interest in understanding genetic effects on brain structure and function in recent years. In this study, we examined the genetic and environmental influences on the variation in cortical thickness and specific tissue volumes in a large cohort of 8-year-old healthy twins. The present stud... |
2,323,172 | Subventricular zone-derived neural progenitor cells migrate along a blood vessel scaffold toward the post-stroke striatum. | The subventricular zone (SVZ) of the adult brain contains neural stem cells that have the capacity to regenerate new neurons after various insults. Brain ischemia causes damage to brain tissue and induces neural regeneration together with angiogenesis. We previously reported that, after ischemic injury in mice, SVZ-der... |
2,323,173 | Fetal anatomic survey using three-dimensional ultrasound in conjunction with first-trimester nuchal translucency screening. | To determine the visualization rates of fetal anatomic structures by three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) at 12-13 weeks of gestation.</AbstractText>This was a prospective observational study of women presenting for nuchal translucency ultrasound. Five 3D volumes of the fetus were acquired transabdominally. Two investig... |
2,323,174 | A potential role for hypothalamomedullary POMC projections in leptin-induced suppression of food intake. | Melanocortin-3/4 receptor ligands administered to the caudal brain stem potently modulate food intake by changing meal size. The origin of the endogenous ligands is unclear, because the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus and the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) harbor populations of proopiomelanocortin (POMC)-expre... |
2,323,175 | Diagnosis and surgical resection of a choroid plexus cyst in a dog. | A three-year-old neutered male toy fox terrier presented for a Chiari-like malformation. No neurological deficits were found on examination, although diffuse cervical, thoracolumbar and head pain were present. A mass within the fourth ventricle was apparent on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain. The lesion w... |
2,323,176 | Mast cells in the amphibian brain during development. | This is the first descriptive study of ontogenesis and anatomical distribution of mast cells in the developing brain of three different amphibian species. In the toad and the green frog, mast cells are preferentially located in: (i) the meningeal lining (pia mater), (ii) the choroid plexuses, both anterior and posterio... |
2,323,177 | Neurodevelopmental outcome of fetuses referred for ventriculomegaly. | To characterize the delivery and postnatal neurodevelopmental outcomes of fetuses referred for ventriculomegaly (VM).</AbstractText>Under an internal review board-approved protocol, pregnant women were referred for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after sonographic diagnosis of VM and classified into one of four diagno... |
2,323,178 | Treatment of colloid cysts of the third ventricle through neuroendoscopic Nd: YAG laser stereotaxis. | Colloid cysts (IIIVT CC) are benign neuroepithelial cysts located in the anterior third ventricle. The authors propose the use of Nd:YAG laser stereotactic neuroendoscopic for guided resection of the third ventricle colloid cysts.</AbstractText>Eleven patients presented third ventricle colloid cysts and were treated by... |
2,323,179 | Vascular endothelial growth factor increases neurogenesis after traumatic brain injury. | Activation of endogenous stem cells has been proposed as a novel form of therapy in a variety of neurologic disorders including traumatic brain injury (TBI). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is expressed in the brain after TBI and serves as a potent activator of angiogenesis and neurogenesis. In this study, we... |
2,323,180 | CT-based, fiducial-free frameless stereotaxy for difficult ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertion: experience in 26 consecutive patients. | Patients with small or dysmorphic ventricles requiring ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) insertion for hydrocephalus can be challenging. The 'freehand' technique does not always provide for accurate catheter insertion, particularly in patients with slit ventricles, complex hydrocephalus or displaced ventricles. Conseque... |
2,323,181 | Prenatal evaluation of a fetus with trisomy 18 and additional balanced de novo Rob(13;14). | The main aim of this work is to present unusual case with full trisomy 18 and additional robertsonian translocation- Rob (13;14) detected through abnormalities found in prenatal ultrasound examination. A 26 years-old pregnant women with no family history of any reproductive failure underwent level II ultrasound screeni... |
2,323,182 | Neuropathological findings in Dandy Walker variant. | Dandy-Walker malformation is a congenital malformation that is characterized by hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis, cystic dilatation of the fourth ventricle and enlargement of the posterior fossa. The aim of the study is to describe the morphological and morphometric alterations of neurons (in various regions of the ... |
2,323,183 | The right ventricle: biologic insights and response to disease. | Despite ample evidence that right ventricular function is a critical determinant of the clinical response to a spectrum of cardiovascular diseases, there has been only a limited analysis of the unique and distinguishing physiologic properties of the RV under normal circumstances and in response to pathologic insults. T... |
2,323,184 | Genetic and environmental contributions to neonatal brain structure: A twin study. | Twin studies have found that global brain volumes, including total intracranial volume (ICV), total gray matter, and total white matter volumes are highly heritable in adults and older children. Very little is known about genetic and environmental contributions to brain structure in very young children and whether thes... |
2,323,185 | Relationships between brain tumor and optic tract or calcarine fissure are involved in visual field deficits after surgery for brain tumor. | Diffusion tensor tractography provides useful information regarding the surgical strategy for brain tumors. The goal of the present study was to analyze relationships between visual field deficits and the locations of brain tumors compared with optic tracts as visualized by tractography, and compared with the calcarine... |
2,323,186 | Acute administration of non-classical estrogen receptor agonists attenuates ischemia-induced hippocampal neuron loss in middle-aged female rats. | Pretreatment with 17beta-estradiol (E2) is profoundly neuroprotective in young animals subjected to focal and global ischemia. However, whether E2 retains its neuroprotective efficacy in aging animals, especially when administered after brain insult, is largely unknown.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODOLOGY/PR... |
2,323,187 | Homonymous hemianopsia as the leading symptom of a tumor like demyelinating lesion: a case report. | Differential diagnosis of a cerebral lesion can prove to be a very challenging task for the treating physician. Many non-neoplastic neurological diseases can mimic brain neoplasms on neuroimaging.</AbstractText>A previously healthy 23-year-old male, presented with blurred vision to the Emergency Department of our Hospi... |
2,323,188 | The rate of loss of T-tubules in cultured adult ventricular myocytes is species dependent. | In this study, we compared the rate of detubulation of adult mouse and rat ventricular myocytes over a 72 h culture period. The T-tubule density was measured in the following two ways: (i) as whole-cell capacitance in voltage-clamped myocytes relative to cell area; and (ii) using di-8-ANEPPS staining and confocal micro... |
2,323,189 | Addison disease presenting with acute neurologic deterioration: a rare presentation yields new lessons from old observations in primary adrenal failure. | To report a rare case of Addison disease presenting with acute neurologic deterioration, and to discuss previous reports and illustrative clinical lessons drawn from the case.</AbstractText>We detail the clinical presentation and sequence of events leading to diagnosis of Addison disease in a 20-year-old man whose init... |
2,323,190 | An unusual cause of posterior fossa mass: Lhermitte-Duclos disease. | Lhermitte-Duclos disease (LDD) (dysplastic cerebellar gangliocytoma) is a rare disorder of unknown pathogenesis, presenting with signs and symptoms resulting from obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid flow and mass effect in the posterior fossa. Magnetic resonance imaging is the diagnostic modality of choice allowing preo... |
2,323,191 | Identification of glycoproteins in human cerebrospinal fluid. | Human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which circulates within the ventricles of the brain and the subarachnoid space of the central nervous system (CNS), is an excellent source for proteomic discovery of biomarkers in neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Protein glycosylation is an abu... |
2,323,192 | 2D D-bar reconstructions of human chest and tank data using an improved approximation to the scattering transform. | The D-bar method for electrical impedance tomography requires the computation of an intermediate function known as the scattering transform from the measured data. An approximation to the scattering transform utilizing the standard Green's function for the Laplacian was introduced for the 2D D-bar method in Mueller and... |
2,323,193 | Enlarged perivascular spaces on MRI are a feature of cerebral small vessel disease. | Enlarged perivascular spaces in the brain are common but generally overlooked and of uncertain pathophysiology. They may reflect underlying cerebral small vessel disease. We determined whether enlarged perivascular spaces were associated with lacunar stroke subtype and white matter hyperintensities, markers of establis... |
2,323,194 | Neurogenesis in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease. | The brains of the adult mouse and human possess neural stem cells (NSCs) that retain the capacity to generate new neurons through the process of neurogenesis. They share the same anatomical locations of stem cell niches in the brain, as well as the prominent feature of rostral migratory stream formed by neuroblasts mig... |
2,323,195 | Papillary ependymoma with unique superficial cortical location: immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies. A case report. | Ependymomas are relatively rare neoplasms of the central nervous system that typically develop along cerebral ventricles and central canal of spinal cord. Occasionally, the tumours of ependymal origin arise supratentorially in brain parenchyma as ectopic cortical mass without any connection to the ventricular system. E... |
2,323,196 | Proliferation in the human ipsilateral subventricular zone after ischemic stroke. | It is uncertain whether neurogenesis occurs in humans after stroke. We studied the morphologic changes that occurred in the subventricular zone (SVZ) in patients who died following an acute ischemic stroke.</AbstractText>We examined coronal brain slices from patients who died after a first-ever cerebral nonlacunar infa... |
2,323,197 | Acute tetraventricular hydrocephalus caused by mumps meningoencephalitis in a child. | Mumps is one of the common causes of childhood aseptic meningitis and encephalitis. Although central nervous system involvement is a common manifestation, hydrocephalus is a very rare complication of mumps, with just a few cases reported in the literature to date. Here we report on an 8-year-old boy with acute tetraven... |
2,323,198 | Brain atrophy in healthy aging is related to CSF levels of Aβ1-42. | Reduced levels of beta-amyloid(1-42) (Abeta1-42) and increased levels of tau proteins in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are found in Alzheimer's disease (AD), likely reflecting Abeta deposition in plaques and neuronal and axonal damage. It is not known whether these biomarkers are associated with brain atrophy also in h... |
2,323,199 | Induced chromosome deletions cause hypersociability and other features of Williams-Beuren syndrome in mice. | The neurodevelopmental disorder Williams-Beuren syndrome is caused by spontaneous approximately 1.5 Mb deletions comprising 25 genes on human chromosome 7q11.23. To functionally dissect the deletion and identify dosage-sensitive genes, we created two half-deletions of the conserved syntenic region on mouse chromosome 5... |
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