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2,324,600 | Expression of Frizzled10 in mouse central nervous system. | Frizzled transmembrane proteins (Fzd) are receptors of Wnts, and they play key roles during central nervous system (CNS) development in vertebrates. Here we report the expression pattern of Frizzled10 in mouse CNS from embryonic stages to adulthood. Frizzled10 is expressed strongly at embryonic days E8.5 and E9.5 in th... |
2,324,601 | Beta-adrenoceptor stimulation exacerbates detrimental effects of ischemia and reperfusion in isolated guinea pig ventricular myocytes. | We investigated whether beta-adrenoceptor stimulation exacerbates detrimental effects of ischemia and reperfusion on electrical and contractile function and on intracellular Ca(2+) homeostasis in isolated guinea pig ventricular myocytes. Myocytes were exposed to 20 min of simulated ischemia (37 degrees C) in the absenc... |
2,324,602 | microRNA-449 is a putative regulator of choroid plexus development and function. | microRNAs are short RNA molecules that are often expressed in specific tissues and regulate a variety of developmental processes. We used locked nucleic acid probes in in situ hybridisation reactions to study the distribution of microRNA-449 (miR449) during mouse embryonic development in order to obtain clues about its... |
2,324,603 | Psychosis and brain volume changes during the first five years of schizophrenia. | The underlying mechanisms explaining brain volume changes in schizophrenia are not yet understood, but psychosis might be related to these changes. Forty-eight patients with first-episode schizophrenia underwent Magnetic Resonance Imaging brain scanning at inclusion and after five years. An association was found betwee... |
2,324,604 | Lateral ventricular size in extremely premature infants: 3D MRI confirms 2D ultrasound measurements. | Ventriculomegaly at term age is an important predictor of neurologic outcome in preterm infants. Previous studies have found only poor correlations between two-dimensional (2D) cranial ultrasound (US) measurements of lateral ventricles and volume measurements using three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI... |
2,324,605 | Periventricular spread of primary central nervous system T-cell lymphoma in a cat. | A 9-year-old domestic shorthaired cat with clinical signs of neurological disease was determined to have primary T-cell lymphoma of the central nervous system (CNS) on necropsy examination. Microscopically, neoplastic lymphocytes were distributed in the CNS parenchyma bilaterally around the cerebral ventricles, third v... |
2,324,606 | Acute myeloblastic leukemia-associated Marfan syndrome and Davidoff-Dyke-Masson syndrome: a case report. | We present herein a 23-year-old man with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) associated with Davidoff-Dyke-Masson syndrome (DDMS) and Marfan syndrome (MS). The diagnosis of DDMS was based on findings including left facial asymmetry, left hemiparesis, mental retardation, right cerebral hemiatrophy, dilatation of the ipsil... |
2,324,607 | Polymorphisms in genes involved in neurodevelopment may be associated with altered brain morphology in schizophrenia: preliminary evidence. | An abnormality in neurodevelopment is one of the most robust etiologic hypotheses in schizophrenia (SZ). There is also strong evidence that genetic factors may influence abnormal neurodevelopment in the disease. The present study evaluated in SZ patients, whose brain structural data had been obtained with magnetic reso... |
2,324,608 | Side-by-side viewing of anatomically aligned left ventricular segments in three-dimensional stress echocardiography. | Dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) suffers from high interobserver and inter-institution variability in the diagnosis of myocardial ischemia. Therefore, we developed a three-dimensional (3D) analysis tool that makes it possible to anatomically align 3D rest and stress data systematically, to generate optimal, non... |
2,324,609 | Long-term accumulation of microglia with proneurogenic phenotype concomitant with persistent neurogenesis in adult subventricular zone after stroke. | Neural stem cells (NSCs) in the adult rat subventricular zone (SVZ) generate new striatal neurons during several months after ischemic stroke. Whether the microglial response associated with ischemic injury extends into SVZ and influences neuroblast production is unknown. Here, we demonstrate increased numbers of activ... |
2,324,610 | Intracranial germinoma as a very rare cause of panhypopituitarism in a 23-year old man. | A 23 year-old patient was referred to the endocrine outpatient clinic with the suspicion of diabetes insipidus as he complained of nycturia and polydipsia since 2-3 months. Further he presented with nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, rapid weight loss, diffuse body pain and fatigue. No headache, blurred vision, or fev... |
2,324,611 | Would a morphomolecular approach help in defining pseudosarcomatous myofibroblastic proliferations? A study of a heart polypoid lesion. | Many cardiac neoplasms lack pathognomonic clinical features, and this leads to controversial interpretations. As genomic changes may correlate with these malignancies and possibly aid in diagnosis, fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) was used to study a polypoid lesion found incidentally at autopsy on the septal ... |
2,324,612 | Neonatal heart rate variability and intraventricular hemorrhage: a case study. | The purpose of this study was to compare heart rate variability (HRV) in low-risk, pre-term infants to one infant diagnosed with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH).</AbstractText>A case study design was used to compare HRV of one subject diagnosed with IVH to a convenience sample of 38 low-risk, pre-term infants at 30 a... |
2,324,613 | Characterization and classification of zebrafish brain morphology mutants. | The mechanisms by which the vertebrate brain achieves its three-dimensional structure are clearly complex, requiring the functions of many genes. Using the zebrafish as a model, we have begun to define genes required for brain morphogenesis, including brain ventricle formation, by studying 16 mutants previously identif... |
2,324,614 | The three-dimensional arrangement of the myocytes aggregated together within the mammalian ventricular myocardium. | Although myocardial architecture has been investigated extensively, as yet no evidence exists for the anatomic segregation of discrete myocardial pathways. We performed post-mortem diffusion tensor imaging on 14 pig hearts. Pathway tracking was done from 22 standardized voxel groups from within the left ventricle, the ... |
2,324,615 | Detection and quantification of enterovirus 71 genome from cerebrospinal fluid of an encephalitis patient by PCR applications. | Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is one of the causative agents of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) and is known to cause encephalitis, but several reports have identified EV71 in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). We detected EV71 in CSF from a 20-month-old infant. The patient was diagnosed with brainstem encephalitis associated wit... |
2,324,616 | A spectrum of unusual neuroimaging findings in patients with suspected Sturge-Weber syndrome. | Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) is frequently associated with neurologic complications such as seizures, so diagnosing this condition has important implications for patient management. The purpose of this study was to report unusual neuroimaging findings in patients with facial port-wine stain (PWS) and clinically suspecte... |
2,324,617 | Effects intracerebral microinjection and intraperitoneal injection of [60]fullerene on brain functions differ in rats. | Fullerenes are condensed ring aromatic compounds with extended pi systems and unique cage structures. Fullerenes are used for medical devices such as carbon nanotubes because they are very flexible and suitable for drug delivery systems. Recently, fullerene derivatives and tube-shaped materials have been used for neuro... |
2,324,618 | [Neuro-Behçet: clinicopathological findings in an autopsy case]. | Behçet's disease (BD) was first described by Hulusi Behçet in 1937 as a triad of oral aphthae, genital ulcers and uveitis. It affects most of tissues and organs without exception and has a prevalence of neurologic involvement between 5 and 30%. Histopathological research of autopsy cases is limited, even thou... |
2,324,619 | Chronic hypoxia increases inducible NOS-derived nitric oxide in fetal guinea pig hearts. | Intrauterine hypoxia impacts fetal growth and organ function. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and neuronal NOS (nNOS) expression was measured to assess the response of fetal hearts to hypoxic (HPX) stress. Pregnant guinea pigs were housed in a hypoxic chamber (10.5% O2 for 14 d, n = 17) or room air [normoxic (NM... |
2,324,620 | Regional expression of NAD(P)H oxidase and superoxide dismutase in the brain of rats with neurogenic hypertension. | Single injection of small quantities of phenol into the kidney cortex causes hypertension which is mediated by renal afferent sympathetic pathway activation. This phenomenon can be prevented by superoxide dismutase (SOD) infusion in the lateral ventricle, suggesting the role of superoxide (O(2)(-).) in noradrenergic co... |
2,324,621 | Polar bacterial invasion and translocation of Streptococcus suis across the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier in vitro. | Previous experimental studies in a standard Transwell culture system have shown Streptococcus suis ability to compromise barrier function of porcine choroid plexus epithelial cells (PCPEC). The development of an 'inverted' Transwell filter system of PCPEC enables us now for the first time to investigate bacterial invas... |
2,324,622 | Changes in ECG and enzyme activity in rat heart after myocardial infarction: effect of TPP and MnCl2. | Heart infarction is one of the main causes of death in the human population. Assurance of a sufficient level of bioenergetic processes is very important for the heart after infarction. Mn2+ as well as thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) are positive effectors of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDH) and the 2-oxoglutarate ... |
2,324,623 | Upregulation of GLUT-4 in right ventricle of rats with monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension. | Pulmonary hypertension is characterized by abnormal vascular remodeling leading to occlusion of pulmonary arteries and increased stress placed on the right ventricle (RV). This causes the RV to hypertrophy and eventually to failure. This study was designed to examine the effects of pulmonary hypertension in rats on rig... |
2,324,624 | Duration of right ventricular contraction predicts the efficacy of bosentan treatment in patients with pulmonary hypertension. | In patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH), elevated endothelin-1 levels are associated with prolonged duration of right ventricular (RV) contraction, which induces leftward ventricular septal bowing with impaired left diastolic filling. We hypothesized that baseline RV contraction duration predicts efficacy of endot... |
2,324,625 | Metastatic CNS lymphoma presenting with periventricular dissemination - MRI and neuropathological findings in an autopsy case. | Metastatic CNS lymphoma usually manifests as pachymeningeal or leptomeningeal infiltrates, and periventricular dissemination is rare. A 70-year old man first noticed a mass in the left supraclavicular fossa, and then presented with bilateral parkinsonism, followed by consciousness disturbance. Fluid attenuated inversio... |
2,324,626 | TNF-induced mitochondrial damage: a link between mitochondrial complex I activity and left ventricular dysfunction. | Mitochondrial damage is implicated in the progression of cardiac disease. Considerable evidence suggests that proinflammatory cytokines induce oxidative stress and contribute to cardiac dysfunction. This study was conducted to determine whether a TNF-induced increase in superoxide (O(2)(*)(-)) contributes to mitochondr... |
2,324,627 | The role of adenosine A(1) receptors in mediating the inhibitory effects of low frequency stimulation of perforant path on kindling acquisition in rats. | Low frequency stimulation (LFS) has an inhibitory effect on rapid perforant path kindling acquisition. In the present study the role of adenosine A(1) and A(2A) receptors in mediating this inhibitory effect was investigated. Rats were kindled by perforant path stimulation using rapid kindling procedures (12 stimulation... |
2,324,628 | Dietary supplementation with resveratrol reduces plaque pathology in a transgenic model of Alzheimer's disease. | Resveratrol, a polyphenol found in red wine, peanuts, soy beans, and pomegranates, possesses a wide range of biological effects. Since resveratrol's properties seem ideal for treating neurodegenerative diseases, its ability to diminish amyloid plaques was tested. Mice were fed clinically feasible dosages of resveratrol... |
2,324,629 | Mapping genetic influences on ventricular structure in twins. | Despite substantial progress in measuring the anatomical and functional variability of the human brain, little is known about the genetic and environmental causes of these variations. Here we developed an automated system to visualize genetic and environmental effects on brain structure in large brain MRI databases. We... |
2,324,630 | Apnea and macrocephaly-cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita. | The authors report a case of an infant girl with macrocephaly-cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita (Macrocephaly-CMTC). This patient presented with developmental delay, mild subcostal retractions, and occasional apneic spells. An MRI demonstrated mild to moderate lateral ventricle hydrocephalus, left hemi-megalenc... |
2,324,631 | Visual, motor and perceptual abilities at school age in children with isolated mild antenatal ventricular dilatation. | The detection of prenatal ventriculomegaly raises anxiety about possible neurological sequelae. A few studies have investigated possible neurodevelopmental sequelae in the first years after birth but no systematic assessment has been performed at school age.</AbstractText>The aim of this study was to assess minor neuro... |
2,324,632 | [Relationship between the expression of heat shock protein 25 and selenium binding protein 1 with ischemia/reperfusion lung injury in vivo: experiment with rats]. | To analyze the differential expression proteins of rat ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) lung tissues in vivo and normal lung tissues by comparative proteome analysis, and to study the mechanism of donor lung I/R injury.</AbstractText>Forty male SD rats were randomly divided into 2 equal groups: I/R group undergoing mimic ort... |
2,324,633 | Isolated left ventricular noncompaction in children: two cases with different manifestations. | Isolated noncompaction of the ventricular myocardium is an uncommon disorder characterized by an excessively prominent trabecular meshwork seen in the early period of embryogenesis. The clinical presentation of noncompaction includes a high prevalence of heart failure, thromboembolic events and arrhythmias. Echocardiog... |
2,324,634 | Heat shock increases survival in rats exposed to hyperbaric pressure. | It has been shown that a single bout of exercise performed 20 hours prior to hyperbaric exposure reduces bubble formation and increases survival in rats. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are stress proteins expressed in cells that are exposed to different stressors. HSPs are known to protect cells, by binding to proteins and... |
2,324,635 | The subclassification of schizencephaly and its clinical characterization. | We subclassified schizencephaly based on the association with optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH) and the absence of the septum pellucidum (ASP), and then characterized their clinical presentation and prognosis. The subjects of our study consisted of 10 cases with a mean age at the final evaluation of 10 years 3 months (range... |
2,324,636 | QTLs of factors of the metabolic syndrome and echocardiographic phenotypes: the hypertension genetic epidemiology network study. | In a previous study of the Hypertension Genetic Epidemiology Network (HyperGEN) we have shown that metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk factors were moderately and significantly associated with echocardiographic (ECHO) left ventricular (LV) phenotypes.</AbstractText>The study included 1,393 African Americans and 1,133 whites... |
2,324,637 | Ring-shaped lateral ventricular nodules: an incidental finding on brain magnetic resonance imaging. | We have occasionally seen ring-shaped lateral ventricular nodules <1 cm in diameter during routine brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We investigated retrospectively clinical and MRI findings of the nodules.</AbstractText>Review of radiological records was performed for 39,607 patients who underwent brain MRI b... |
2,324,638 | Role of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in detecting early adverse remodeling and subacute ventricular wall rupture complicating myocardial infarction. | Ventricular free wall rupture is a catastrophic complication of acute myocardial infarction accounting for a significant proportion of in-patient deaths. Various imaging modalities including two-dimensional and contrast echocardiography have been applied for the early diagnosis of free wall rupture. Cardiac magnetic re... |
2,324,639 | A crucial role for primary cilia in cortical morphogenesis. | Primary cilia are important sites of signal transduction involved in a wide range of developmental and postnatal functions. Proteolytic processing of the transcription factor Gli3, for example, occurs in primary cilia, and defects in intraflagellar transport (IFT), which is crucial for the maintenance of primary cilia,... |
2,324,640 | Fourth ventricular administration of ghrelin induces relaxation of the proximal stomach in the rat. | The effects of fourth ventricular administration of ghrelin on motility of the proximal stomach were examined in anesthetized rats. Intragastric pressure (IGP) was measured using a balloon situated in the proximal part of the stomach. Administration of ghrelin into the fourth ventricle induced relaxation of the proxima... |
2,324,641 | Differential expression of HSP70 mRNA in the mouse brain after treatment with geldanamycin. | The effect of geldanamycin (GA) on the brain is poorly understood. The induction of specific heat shock protein (HSP) isoforms by GA has not been studied in detail. The aim of this work was to identify the HSP70 genes that become up-regulated in the mouse brain after GA administration.</AbstractText>The brains of male ... |
2,324,642 | Cooperative interaction of Nkx2.5 and Mef2c transcription factors during heart development. | The interactions of diverse transcription factors mediate the molecular programs that regulate mammalian heart development. Among these, Nkx2.5 and the Mef2c regulate common downstream targets and exhibit striking phenotypic similarities when disrupted, suggesting a potential interaction during heart development. Co-im... |
2,324,643 | [Clinical analysis of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis in 4 cases]. | To analyze the characteristics of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis.</AbstractText>We summarized the clinical presentation, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytological findings in 4 cases of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis.</AbstractText>All the patients presented with signs of elevate... |
2,324,644 | [Proliferation of neural progenitor cells in the subventricular zone and around the hematoma after intracerebral hemorrhage in adult rat]. | To examine the proliferation of the neural progenitor cells in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and around the hematoma after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in adult rats.</AbstractText>ICH was induced by stereotactic injection of type VII collagenase into the corpus striatum of adult rats, followed by pulse or continuous... |
2,324,645 | [Culture and identification of neural stem cells derived from the subventricular zone of adult mice]. | To establish a method for culturing and identifying neural stem cells (NSCs) derived from the subventricular zone (SVZ) in adult mice.</AbstractText>NSCs were isolated from the SVZ of adult mouse brain and cultured in serum-free medium. Cell cloning and BrdU incorporation were performed to identify the self-renewal and... |
2,324,646 | L-lysine uptake in giant vesicles from cardiac ventricular sarcolemma: two components of cationic amino acid transport. | Cationic L-amino acids enter cardiac-muscle cells through carrier-mediated transport. To study this process in detail, L-[(14)C]lysine uptake experiments were conducted within a 10(3)-fold range of L-lysine concentrations in giant sarcolemmal vesicles prepared from rat cardiac ventricles. Vesicles had a surface-to-volu... |
2,324,647 | Developmental etiology for neuroanatomical and cognitive deficits in mice overexpressing Galphas, a G-protein subunit genetically linked to schizophrenia. | Schizophrenia is a widespread psychiatric disorder, affecting 1% of people. Despite this high prevalence, schizophrenia is not well treated because of its enigmatic developmental origin. We explore here the developmental etiology of endophenotypes associated with schizophrenia using a regulated transgenic approach in m... |
2,324,648 | Modulation of the local SR Ca2+ release by intracellular Mg2+ in cardiac myocytes. | In cardiac muscle, Ca(2+)-induced Ca(2+) release (CICR) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) defines the amplitude and time course of the Ca(2+) transient. The global elevation of the intracellular Ca(2+) concentration arises from the spatial and temporal summation of elementary Ca(2+) release events, Ca(2+) sparks. Ca... |
2,324,649 | Gender-related differences in MS: a study of conventional and nonconventional MRI measures. | Studies showed gender-associated differences in multiple sclerosis (MS) disease evolution and in the evolution of conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings.</AbstractText>The aim of this study was to investigate gender differences according to a number of conventional and nonconventional MRI measures in pa... |
2,324,650 | Administration of IL-1beta to the 4th ventricle causes anorexia that is blocked by agouti-related peptide and that coincides with activation of tyrosine-hydroxylase neurons in the nucleus of the solitary tract. | Inflammation-associated cachexia is associated with multiple chronic diseases and involves activation of appetite regulating centers in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARH). The nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in the brainstem has also been implicated as an important nucleus involved in appetite regulation... |
2,324,651 | Inhibition of neurosphere proliferation by IFNgamma but not IFNbeta is coupled to neuronal differentiation. | Interferons are produced following neural damage as part of the inflammatory response and may thus affect neural stem cell function. We compared the effects of interferon-gamma and interferon-beta on the proliferation and differentiation of adult murine neural progenitors. Both interferons inhibited neurosphere prolife... |
2,324,652 | 3D echocardiography: the present and the future. | 3D echocardiography has been proven to be useful for clarifying complicated cardiac anatomies and hemodynamics. Recently introduced real-time 3D TEE may overcome technical and quality problems and result in widespread use of 3D echocardiography in routine clinical settings. |
2,324,653 | NFATc3-dependent loss of I(to) gradient across the left ventricular wall during chronic beta adrenergic stimulation. | In heart, pore-forming Kv4 alpha channel subunits underlie the K(+) transient outward current (I(to)). Expression of Kv4 is greater in left ventricular epicardial (EPI) than in endocardial (ENDO) cells, resulting in larger I(to) in EPI than in ENDO cells. In adult ventricular myocytes, the transcription factor NFATc3 s... |
2,324,654 | The diagnosis, management, and postnatal prevention of intraventricular hemorrhage in the preterm neonate. | Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) occurs in 20% to 25% of very low birthweight preterm neonates and may be associated with significant sequelae. Infants who have IVH are at risk for posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus and periventricular leukomalacia; as many as 75% of those who have parenchymal involvement of hemorrhage suf... |
2,324,655 | Distribution of organic cation transporter 3, a corticosterone-sensitive monoamine transporter, in the rat brain. | Organic cation transporter 3 (OCT3) is a high-capacity, low-affinity transporter that mediates bidirectional, sodium-independent transport of dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, serotonin, and histamine. OCT3-mediated transport is directly inhibited by corticosterone, suggesting a potential role for the transporter ... |
2,324,656 | Simulation study of susceptibility gradients leading to focal myocardial signal loss. | To assess the cause of a "bite"-shaped signal void artifact often seen in 1.5 Tesla (T) and 3T gradient echo MR images in myocardium along the infero-apical border of the heart, MRI simulation was used to conduct experiments impossible in reality. Two previous studies attempting to explain the origin of this artifact c... |
2,324,657 | Regional right ventricular function and timing of contraction in healthy volunteers evaluated by strain-encoded MRI. | To prospectively determine the feasibility and accuracy of strain-encoded (SENC) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the characterization of the right ventricular free wall (RVFW) strain and timing of contraction at 3.0 Tesla (3T) MRI.</AbstractText>In 12 healthy volunteers the RVFW was divided into three segments (an... |
2,324,658 | [Transfection of pEGFP-C2 in brain mediated by targeting liposome P-MMA-DOSPER]. | This research tried improving the specificity and efficiency of gene transfection in gene therapy and tried making the liposome a better gene transfer vector to brain by use of the monoclonal antibody (anti-Lex/SSEA-1)-mediated targeting of liposome. The derivatized monoclonal antibody was conjugated to the liposome DO... |
2,324,659 | Colony-forming cells in rat myocardium after destructive exposure and intramyocardial transplantation of bone marrow cells. | The content of colony-forming cells in myocardial cell culture from the perinecrotic zone of rat heart was evaluated on day 40 after cryodestruction. The mean cellularity after cryodestruction was 12-fold lower than in intact animals. Intramyocardial transplantation of bone marrow cells (mononuclears, mesenchymal stem ... |
2,324,660 | Drug metabolizing enzyme expression in rat choroid plexus: effects of in vivo xenobiotics treatment. | The presence of drug metabolizing enzymes in extrahepatic tissues such as the choroid plexus (CP) suggests that the CP, like the blood-brain barrier, affords a metabolic protection to the brain against xenobiotics. The CP, which is the principal site of formation of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), controls the exchange ... |
2,324,661 | Calmodulin kinase II activation is required for the maintenance of basal activity of L-type Ca2+ channels in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes. | The roles of calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in the maintenance of basal activity and the reversion of run-down of L-type Ca2+ channels were studied in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes by the patch-clamp technique. In the cell-attached configuration, the Ca2+-channel activity was inhibited to 82% -... |
2,324,662 | Quantitative analysis of myocardial contrast enhancement by first-pass 64-multidetector computed tomography in patients with coronary heart disease. | Although multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) allows non-invasive assessment of coronary artery stenosis, the presence of calcified lesions often lead to an overestimation of the stenosis. The present study was an evaluation of whether enhancement of first-pass myocardial data can improve the diagnostic accuracy of... |
2,324,663 | The role of interleukin-6 in lipopolysaccharide-induced fever by mechanisms independent of prostaglandin E2. | Fever has been shown to be elicited by prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) binding to its receptors on thermoregulatory neurons in the anterior hypothalamus. The signals that trigger PGE(2) production are thought to include proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6. However, although the presence of IL-6 is critical for fever, I... |
2,324,664 | The heterogeneity of adult neural stem cells and the emerging complexity of their niche. | Neural stem cells persist in the adult mammalian brain in a neurogenic niche known as the subventricular zone (SVZ). SVZ neural stem cells (NSCs) can self-renew and are multipotent in culture. In rodents, adult NSCs correspond to SVZ astrocytes (type B cells) that are derived from radial glia, the NSCs of the embryonic... |
2,324,665 | The volumes of the fornix in schizophrenia and affective disorders: a post-mortem study. | Structural and functional pathology of limbic structures including the hippocampus are frequently replicated in schizophrenia. Although the fornix is the main afferent system of the hippocampus to the septal nuclei and the hypothalamus (especially the mammillary bodies), relatively few studies have investigated structu... |
2,324,666 | A structural MRI study of human brain development from birth to 2 years. | Brain development in the first 2 years after birth is extremely dynamic and likely plays an important role in neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism and schizophrenia. Knowledge regarding this period is currently quite limited. We studied structural brain development in healthy subjects from birth to 2. Ninety-... |
2,324,667 | Midventricular form of takotsubo cardiomyopathy as a recurrence 1 year after typical apical ballooning: a case report. | Takotsubo cardiomyopathy was first described in Japan and is characterized by transient left ventricular apical ballooning in the absence of a significant coronary artery disease.Caused by the clinical presentation including chest pain, electrocardiographic changes and elevated myocardial markers this syndrome is frequ... |
2,324,668 | Exercise training enhanced myocardial endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) function in diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats. | Different mechanisms of diabetic-induced NO dysfunction have been proposed and central to most of them are significant changes in eNOS function as the rate-limiting step in NO bioavailability. eNOS exists in both monomeric and dimeric conformations, with the dimeric form catalyzing the synthesis of nitric oxide, while ... |
2,324,669 | Magnetic resonance imaging findings in a population-based cohort of children with cerebral palsy. | The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequency and spectrum of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormalities in a population of children with cerebral palsy (CP) who were born in the years 2000 and 2001 in Victoria, Australia. In 2000 and 2001, 221 children (126 males, 95 females; mean age 6y [SD 7mo], ran... |
2,324,670 | Melatonin reduces blood pressure in rats with stress-induced hypertension via GABAA receptors. | 1. Several groups have reported that melatonin produces a significant decrease in blood pressure in mammals and that pinealectomy in rats causes hypertension. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of melatonin and bicuculline methiodide on the blood pressure of rats, both in the developing and... |
2,324,671 | Comparison of the efficacies of antibiotic-impregnated and silver-impregnated ventricular catheters on the prevention of infections. An in vitro laboratory study. | Infection of the cerebrospinal fluid is a life-threatening condition which is usually treated with systemic antibiotics and continued ventricular drainage in children. The aim of this study was to analyze the antimicrobial activities of two antimicrobial-agent-impregnated ventricular catheters and to compare their effi... |
2,324,672 | Radical resection of 202 pediatric craniopharyngiomas with special reference to the surgical approaches and hypothalamic protection. | The goal of this study was to disclose the appropriate surgical approaches to radically removing pediatric craniopharyngiomas with optimal hypothalamic protection.</AbstractText>In 202 patients undergoing primary surgery from April 1997 to December 2002, eight approaches were used to remove craniopharyngiomas in the se... |
2,324,673 | Attenuation of Notch signaling promotes the differentiation of neural progenitors into neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region after ischemic injury. | Intercellular signaling via cell-surface Notch receptors controls the cell-fate decision in the developing brain. Recent studies have suggested that the response of endogenous neural stem cells to brain injury in adult mammals might be mediated by Notch signaling. Here, we investigated the role of Notch signaling in is... |
2,324,674 | A rare clinical entity: ventricular septal rupture with right ventricular wall dissection after inferior myocardial infarction. | Right ventricular wall dissection following ventricular septal rupture related to inferior myocardial infarction has been reported in a few cases. In most of the cases, right ventricular wall dissection was diagnosed in postmortem studies. Herein, we present a 68-year-old man who had a ventricular septal rupture with r... |
2,324,675 | Right ventricular adaptations along with left ventricular remodeling in older athletes. | Afterload changes and anatomic interaction between the ventricles cause right ventricle (RV) adaptation along with left ventricle (LV) remodeling. This study was designed to evaluate RV adaptations along with LV remodeling and to determine the effect of aging on both ventricles in a population of older athletes.</Abstr... |
2,324,676 | Real-time visualization and quantification of retrograde cardioplegia delivery using near infrared fluorescent imaging. | Homogeneous delivery of cardioplegia is essential for myocardial protection during cardiac surgery. Presently, there exist no established methods to quantitatively assess cardioplegia distribution intraoperatively and determine when retrograde cardioplegia is required. In this study, we evaluate the feasibility of near... |
2,324,677 | Androgen receptor is expressed in murine choroid plexus and downregulated by 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone in male and female mice. | The choroid plexuses (CPs) of the brain form a unique interface between the peripheral blood and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). CPs produce several neuroprotective peptides, which are secreted into the CSF. Despite their importance in neuroprotection, the mechanisms underlying the regulation of most of these peptides i... |
2,324,678 | Rhinorrhoea from a frontal encephalocele after reduction of high intracranial pressure. | Acquired non-traumatic frontal sinus encephaloceles are very rare lesions that are usually caused by a tumour or hydrocephalus. We present a 31-year-old woman with a frontal sinus encephalocele who developed rhinorrhoea after a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt to treat her hydrocephalus and underwent radiotherapy for a tect... |
2,324,679 | Morphometric brain abnormalities in schizophrenia in a population-based sample: relationship to duration of illness. | Biased recruitment and sample selection may cause variability in neuroimaging studies. Epidemiologically principled population-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of schizophrenia are very rare. We gathered structural MRI data on 154 subjects from the Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort, aged 33-35 (100 contr... |
2,324,680 | Calcium- and myosin-dependent changes in troponin structure during activation of heart muscle. | Each heartbeat is triggered by a pulse of intracellular calcium ions which bind to troponin on the actin-containing thin filaments of heart muscle cells, initiating a change in filament structure that allows myosin to bind and generate force. We investigated the molecular mechanism of calcium regulation in demembranate... |
2,324,681 | Symptomatic trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia associated with allodynia in a patient with multiple sclerosis. | A patient with symptomatic trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia (TAC) provides a chance to understand the pathophysiology and anatomic correlates of TAC. A 28-year-old woman experienced intermittent sharp and excruciating pain over her right temporal, ear and neck regions for 3 days. The headaches lasted 10-20 minutes each... |
2,324,682 | Copper transport to the brain by the blood-brain barrier and blood-CSF barrier. | The mechanism of copper (Cu) transport into the brain is unclear. This study evaluated the main species and route of Cu transport into the brain using in situ brain perfusion technique, and assessed the levels of mRNA encoding Cu transporters using real time RT-PCR. Free (64)Cu uptake in rat choroid plexus (CP), where ... |
2,324,683 | Thyroid carcinoma metastasis to the choroid plexus of the lateral ventricle. | We present a rare case of a lateral ventricle choroid plexus metastasis arising from thyroid carcinoma in a 62-year-old man. The patient underwent subtotal excision of the intracranial tumour followed by total thyroidectomy with good outcome. We review previous reports of intracranial thyroid metastases and discuss the... |
2,324,684 | Normal pressure hydrocephalus after radiosurgery for sphenoid ridge meningioma. | Normal pressure hydrocephalus after radiosurgery for meningioma has rarely been reported. We report such a case and discuss the role of radiosurgery in the development of hydrocephalus. A 75-year-old man with a growing tumor underwent linac-based radiosurgery. The tumor received 16 Gy to the 80% isodose line. He exhibi... |
2,324,685 | Multiple fourth ventricular hydatidosis. | Hydatid disease caused by ingestion of eggs of the cestode Echinococcus granulosus is endemic in the Middle East, Mediterranean countries, South America, North Africa and Australia.(1) Infratentorial occurrence of hydatid cyst is rare. We present a report of an extremely rare case of multiple exclusive fourth ventricul... |
2,324,686 | Influence of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy on atherogenesis and heart function in patients with type 1 diabetes. | Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) increases mortality of patients with type 1 diabetes (Type 1 DM). We set out to find out whether the presence of CAN in asymptomatic, normotensive Type 1 DM affects endothelial function (marker of atherogenesis) and left ventricle function (marker of cardiomyopathy).</AbstractT... |
2,324,687 | Mechanical load induced by glass microspheres releases angiogenic factors from neonatal rat ventricular myocytes cultures and causes arrhythmias. | In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that similar to other mechanical loads, notably cyclic stretch (simulating pre-load), glass microspheres simulating afterload will stimulate the secretion of angiogenic factors. Hence, we employed glass microspheres (average diameter 15.7 microm, average mass 5.2 ng) as a ... |
2,324,688 | Multiple myeloma manifesting as an intraventricular brain tumor. | Primary intracerebral manifestation of multiple myeloma is rare and usually arises from the meninges or brain parenchyma. The authors present a case of multiple myeloma primarily manifesting within the lateral ventricle. A 67-year-old man was admitted with headache accompanied by slowly progressing right hemiparesis. M... |
2,324,689 | Setting the conditions for efficient, robust and reproducible generation of functionally active neurons from adult subventricular zone-derived neural stem cells. | Although new culture conditions enable homogeneous and long-term propagation of radial glia-like neural stem (NS) cells in monolayer and serum-free conditions, the efficiency of the conversion of NS cells into terminally differentiated, functionally mature neurons is relatively limited and poorly characterized. We demo... |
2,324,690 | Orexin-A hyperphagia: hindbrain participation in consummatory feeding responses. | Orexin-A (ORXA) is an orexigenic neuropeptide produced by the lateral hypothalamus that increases food intake when injected into the brain ventricles or forebrain nuclei. We used a licking microstructure analysis to evaluate hindbrain and forebrain ORXA effects in intact and hindbrain-lesioned rats, to identify the mot... |
2,324,691 | Increased expression of interleukin-1beta and its novel splice variant in canine hearts with volume overload. | Volume overload frequently caused in dogs by chronic degenerative valvular disease (CDVD), eventually leads to cardiac failure. Experimental and clinical evidences demonstrate that increased interleukin-1beta serum level in patients with heart insufficiency correlates with the severity of failure irrespective of its et... |
2,324,692 | Rapid regrowth of an atypical choroid plexus papilloma located in the cerebellopontine angle. | Choroid plexus papilloma usually occurs in the lateral or the fourth ventricle. Primary choroid plexus papilloma of the cerebellopontine angle, as described here, is an uncommon lesion. A 42-year-old man presented with a 1-month history of dysphagia and gait unsteadiness. CT scans and MRI showed a large extra-axial tum... |
2,324,693 | Dynamics of distribution of 3H-inulin between the cerebrospinal fluid compartments. | Since the distribution of substances between various cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) compartments is poorly understood, we studied (3)H-inulin distribution, over time, after its injection into cisterna magna (CM) or lateral ventricle (LV) or cisterna corporis callosi (CCC) in dogs. After the injection into CM (3)H-inulin was... |
2,324,694 | Anatomic relationship of the optic radiations to the atrium of the lateral ventricle: description of a novel entry point to the trigone. | The aim of this study was to delineate the anatomic relationship of the optic radiations to the atrium of the lateral ventricle using the Klingler method of white matter fiber dissection. These findings were applied to define a surgical approach to the trigone that avoids injury to the optic radiations.</AbstractText>S... |
2,324,695 | Cervical spine disease may result in a negative lumbar spinal drainage trial in normal pressure hydrocephalus: case report. | In this case report, we present a patient with normal pressure hydrocephalus in whom a lumbar drainage trial yielded a false-negative result secondary to cervical spondylosis.</AbstractText>An 80-year-old woman presented with classic symptoms of normal pressure hydrocephalus as well as evidence of cervical myelopathy. ... |
2,324,696 | Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide plays a role in the manifestation of depression: social isolation and olfactory bulbectomy models reveal unifying principles. | We investigated the effect of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) peptide on depression-like behavior in socially isolated and olfactory bulbectomized (OBX) rats. Administration of CART (54-102) into the lateral ventricle (50-100 ng) or central nucleus of amygdala (CeA) (10-20 ng) caused significant de... |
2,324,697 | Direct measurement of intracranial pressure at high altitude and correlation of ventricular size with acute mountain sickness: Brian Cummins' results from the 1985 Kishtwar expedition. | The "tight-fit" hypothesis and subsequent current understanding of acute mountain sickness (AMS) is that individuals with less compliant cerebrospinal fluid systems (smaller ventricles and cerebrospinal fluid spaces) have a greater increase in intracranial pressure (ICP) for a given increase in brain volume as a result... |
2,324,698 | Efficacy of endoscopic third ventriculostomy in fourth ventricular outlet obstruction. | Fourth ventricular outlet obstruction (FVOO), an uncommon cause of obstructive hydrocephalus, is most commonly associated with prior intraventricular hemorrhage or intraventricular infection in children. There have been few reports of FVOO in an adult population.</AbstractText>Twenty-two patients with FVOO treated with... |
2,324,699 | Dizygotic twins with a colloid cyst of the third ventricle: case report. | Colloid cysts of the third ventricle are rare benign tumors of endodermal origin accounting for 1% of all intracranial tumors. Interestingly, a few familial cases have been reported previously. We present the first case of dizygotic twins with a symptomatic colloid cyst of the third ventricle.</AbstractText>A 10-year-o... |
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