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2,800 | Acquired atrioventricular block in a patient with sinus node disease on single-chamber atrial pacing. | Single-chamber atrial pacing is the most physiological and yet economical modality of treatment in patients with symptomatic sinus node disease with normal atrioventricular conduction. However, because of the possibility of future development of a high-degree atrioventricular block and atrial fibrillation, most patient... |
2,801 | Desflurane improves neurologic outcome after low-flow cardiopulmonary bypass in newborn pigs. | Despite improvements in neonatal heart surgery, neurologic complications continue to occur from low-flow cardiopulmonary bypass (LF-CPB) and deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA). Desflurane confers neuroprotection against ischemia at normothermia and for DHCA. This study compared neurologic outcome of a desfluran... |
2,802 | Transient proarrhythmic state following atrioventricular junction radiofrequency ablation: pathophysiologic mechanisms and recommendations for management. | The induction of complete heart block by radiofrequency ablation of the atrioventricular junction combined with pacemaker implantation has become an established therapy for rate control in patients with atrial fibrillation who are unresponsive to drugs. Reports of ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death after ablation... |
2,803 | Effects of subclinical thyroid dysfunction on the heart. | Mounting evidence indicates that subclinical thyroid dysfunction has important clinical effects and prognostic implications, supporting the view that it is not a compensated biochemical change sensu strictu.</AbstractText>To review clinical information on the effects of subclinical thyroid dysfunction on the heart.</Ab... |
2,804 | Automated external defibrillation in cardiac surgery. | Revision open heart surgery may be impeded by a dense network of pericardial adhesions rendering cardiac mobilization laborious or incomplete, and internal defibrillation impossible. External defibrillation, the current alternative to internal defibrillation, may result in myocardial stunning secondary to the delivery ... |
2,805 | Defibrillation with a minimally invasive direct cardiac massage device. | This study examined (1) the defibrillation efficacy of using a minimally invasive direct cardiac massage (MID-CM) device as one electrode of the defibrillation electrical circuit and (2) the effect on external defibrillation of defibrillating when the MID-CM device is in place and a pneumothorax is present.</AbstractTe... |
2,806 | Evaluation of LUCAS, a new device for automatic mechanical compression and active decompression resuscitation. | LUCAS is a new gas-driven CPR device providing automatic chest compression and active decompression. In an artificial thorax model, superior pressure and flow were obtained with LUCAS compared with manual CPR. In a randomized study on pigs with induced ventricular fibrillation significantly higher cardiac output, carot... |
2,807 | Management of heart failure in primary care (the IMPROVEMENT of Heart Failure Programme): an international survey. | Heart failure is a prevalent condition that is generally treated in primary care. The aim of this study was to assess how primary-care physicians think that heart failure should be managed, how they implement their knowledge, and whether differences exist in practice between countries.</AbstractText>The survey was unde... |
2,808 | Mitral valve surgery in patients with poor left ventricular function. | Mitral valve surgery for the correction of secondary mitral valve regurgitation (MR) in cardiomyopathy is associated with a poor outcome. Numerous studies have identified a severe left ventricular dysfunction as an indicator for a poor prognosis. The aim of the study was to asses the follow-up after mitral valve surger... |
2,809 | ICD implantation with and without combined myocardial revascularisation--incidence of ICD therapy and late survival. | Our aim was to evaluate the occurrence of implanted cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) shock and antitachycardia pacing (ATP), the effect of ICD therapies on mortality and the impact of revascularisation strategies on arrhythmic events.</AbstractText>We investigated 130 CAD patients undergoing ICD implantation between 19... |
2,810 | Vasopressor response in a porcine model of hypothermic cardiac arrest is improved with active compression-decompression cardiopulmonary resuscitation using the inspiratory impedance threshold valve. | During normothermic cardiac arrest, a combination of active compression-decompression (ACD) cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) with the inspiratory threshold valve (ITV) significantly improves vital organ blood flow, but this technique has not been studied during hypothermic cardiac arrest. Accordingly, we evaluated t... |
2,811 | Stenting of an unprotected left main coronary artery stenosis in cardiogenic shock and ventricular fibrillation: three-year follow-up. | We describe a case of stenting an unprotected left main coronary artery stenosis in an octogenarian patient with cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction. Our patient had no in-stent restenosis of the left main for three years and remains asymptomatic. Since, in the octogenarian patient, the surgical ... |
2,812 | Characterisation of electrocardiogram signals based on blind source separation. | Blind source separation assumes that the acquired signal is composed of a weighted sum of a number of basic components corresponding to a number of limited sources. This work poses the problem of ECG signal diagnosis in the form of a blind source separation problem. In particular, a large number of ECG signals undergo ... |
2,813 | [Coupling ventilation and defibrillation]. | Fibrillation of the heart is one of the most common reasons for sudden death. In case of fibrillation, the brain gets damaged by hypoxia within minutes. Only a concept that bothly regards the cardial and pulmonal problem can be successful. A combination of AED (Automatic-External-Defibrillator) and breathing machine re... |
2,814 | Patient-dependent current dosing for semi-automatic external defibrillators (AED). | The improvements in semiconductors and modern circuitry allow new waveforms to be created for treating life-threatening heart fibrillation. A comparison of common waveforms shows that there is no definite optimal waveform. Especially in the case of early defibrillation by novices, the question of dosage should be re-di... |
2,815 | Removal of cardiopulmonary resuscitation artifacts from human ECG using an efficient matching pursuit-like algorithm. | We present a computationally efficient and numerically robust solution to the problem of removing artifacts due to precordial compressions and ventilations from the human electrocardiogram (ECG) in an emergency medicine setting. Incorporated into automated external defibrillators, this would allow for simultaneous ECG ... |
2,816 | Computational framework for simulating the mechanisms and ECG of re-entrant ventricular fibrillation. | Ventricular arrhythmias remain an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the Western world. Although the underlying mechanisms of these arrhythmias can be studied experimentally, these investigations are in general limited to mapping electrical activity on the heart surface. Computational models of action potent... |
2,817 | Detection of ventricular fibrillation and tachycardia from the surface ECG by a set of parameters acquired from four methods. | The recent development and increased application of automatic external defibrillators have prescribed very strong requirements towards ventricular fibrillation (VF) and fast ventricular tachycardia (VT > 180 bpm) detection from the surface electrocardiogram (ECG). We attempted to use informative parameters from seve... |
2,818 | Is left ventricular hypertrophy a risk factor in hypertensive patients? | Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is supposed to be a risk factor of cardiovascular (CV) complications in hypertensive patients.</AbstractText>To compare clinical events in hypertensives with and without LVH.</AbstractText>319 hypertensives with LVH (mean age 64.1+/-10.6 ys) and 177 hypertensives without LVH (mean age... |
2,819 | August rats are more resistant to arrhythmogenic effect of myocardial ischemia and reperfusion than Wistar rats. | As differentiated from Wistar rats, myocardial ischemia and reperfusion produce no ventricular fibrillation in August rats. Pretreatment with nitric oxide synthase inhibitor Nw-nitro-L-arginine increased mortality rate in August rats with acute myocardial infarction from 20 to 40%. Under these conditions mortality rate... |
2,820 | Precountershock cardiopulmonary resuscitation improves ventricular fibrillation median frequency and myocardial readiness for successful defibrillation from prolonged ventricular fibrillation: a randomized, controlled swine study. | After prolonged ventricular fibrillation (VF), precountershock cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) will improve myocardial "readiness" for defibrillation compared with immediate defibrillation.</AbstractText>After 10 minutes of untreated VF, 32 swine (27+/-1 kg) were randomly assigned to receive immediate countershocks... |
2,821 | Survival and neurologic outcome after cardiopulmonary resuscitation with four different chest compression-ventilation ratios. | The optimal ratio of chest compressions to ventilations during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is unknown. We determine 24-hour survival and neurologic outcome, comparing 4 different chest compression-ventilation CPR ratios in a porcine model of prolonged cardiac arrest and bystander CPR.</AbstractText>Forty swine ... |
2,822 | Risk associated with pregnancy in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. | We sought to assess mortality and morbidity in pregnant women with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).</AbstractText>The risk associated with pregnancy in women with HCM is an important and increasingly frequent clinical issue for which systematic data are not available and a large measure of uncertainty persists.</Abst... |
2,823 | ST-segment elevation and ventricular fibrillation without coronary spasm by intracoronary injection of acetylcholine and/or ergonovine maleate in patients with Brugada syndrome. | The study examined whether patients with Brugada syndrome are sensitive to vagal stimulation or ischemia.</AbstractText>Experimental studies have suggested that a prominent transient outward current (I(to))-mediated action potential notch and a subsequent loss of the action potential dome in the epicardium, but not in ... |
2,824 | Paroxysmal postural dyspnea related to a left atrial ball thrombus. | We report herein an uncommon clinical observation of a 82-year-old woman with paroxysmal postural dyspnea related to a giant ball-thrombus located in the left atrium and partly protruding through the mitral orifice. No mitral stenosis was otherwise disclosed. The patient had a previous medical history of chronic atrial... |
2,825 | Implantable cardioverter defribrillator shocks: a troubleshooting guide. | Implantable cardioverter defibrillators deliver shocks in response to electrical signals that satisfy programmed criteria for detection of VT or VF. The first step in diagnosis of inappropriate shocks in patients with ICDs is to determine if the shock was delivered in response to a true tachyarrhythmia by inspecting da... |
2,826 | Primary and secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death: the role of the implantable cardioverter defibrillator. | Sudden cardiac death (SCD) affects nearly 300,000 people each year in the U.S., and out-of-hospital rates for survival range from only 2% to 25%. A substantial reduction in SCD requires primary prevention through risk-stratification and secondary prevention of sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT-S) and ventricular fi... |
2,827 | Role of invasive EP testing in the evaluation and management of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. | Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is an inheritable condition that may cause sudden death in the absence of significant symptoms or adverse morphological features. Therefore, there is a need for identification of those patients at sufficiently high risk to warrant prophylactic treatment. Risk stratification for primary... |
2,828 | MADIT-II: clinical implications. | The MADIT-II trial showed that in patients with a prior myocardial infarction and ejection fraction </=0.30, prophylactic implantation of a defibrillator improves survival with a 31% reduction in mortality during an average follow-up of 20 months. Electrophysiologic inducibility was positive in 36% of patients at th... |
2,829 | The role of the transvenous catheter electrophysiologic study in the evaluation and management of ventricular tachyarrhythmias associated with ischemic heart disease. | The transvenous-catheter electrophysiologic (EP) study has occupied a central position in the investigation and management of patients with ischemic heart disease and a propensity to ventricular tachycardia (VT) or ventricular fibrillation (VF) for more than 25 years. However, demonstration of the superiority of the im... |
2,830 | Catheter ablation or modulation of the AV node. | The ablate and pace strategy may be considered a viable therapy in the palliative management of patients with medically refractory highly symptomatic atrial fibrillation (AF). The overall success rate is approaching 100%, the inhospital course is usually event free, and the procedure is a relatively safe therapeutic op... |
2,831 | New catheter ablation techniques for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. | Although established as the current standard in catheter ablation, radiofrequency energy has significant limitations. To produce a continuous line of conduction block, radiofrequency energy requires contact between the electrode and endocardium throughout and produces a lesion limited in depth and prone to endocardial ... |
2,832 | Hemodynamic and neurohumoral effects of selective endothelin A (ET(A)) receptor blockade in chronic heart failure: the Heart Failure ET(A) Receptor Blockade Trial (HEAT). | The endothelin (ET-1) system is activated in chronic heart failure (CHF). Whether, what type, and what degree of selective ET blockade is clinically beneficial is unknown. We investigated hemodynamic and neurohumoral effects of 3 weeks of treatment with various dosages of the orally available ET(A) antagonist darusenta... |
2,833 | [Secondary and primary prevention of coronary heart disease: platelet aggregation inhibitors and anticoagulants]. | This review presents the results of primary and secondary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD) with antiplatelet drugs and anticoagulants; therapeutic recommendations are derived. According to the results of the trials and due to its low price aspirin (ASS) can be still considered as the drug of choice. Its prote... |
2,834 | History of cardiac rhythm disorders. | The history of cardiac rhythm disorders including antiarrhythmic drugs and electrotherapeutical tools is long and fascinating. In the beginning, there was not simply the anatomy and physiology of the heart, but also analysis of the pulse, which indicates the activity of the heart. Thus, like any other field of medicine... |
2,835 | Estimated global epicardial distribution of activation rate and conduction block during porcine ventricular fibrillation. | A proposed mechanism of the maintenance of ventricular fibrillation (VF) determined by studying small hearts or segments of large hearts is that a single stable rotor exists at the site of maximal activation rate, which gives rise to activation fronts that propagate into slower activating regions where they frequently ... |
2,836 | Postresuscitation stunning: postfibrillatory myocardial dysfunction caused by reduced myofilament Ca2+ responsiveness after ventricular fibrillation-induced myocyte Ca2+ overload. | Resuscitation from ventricular fibrillation (VF), particularly from prolonged VF, frequently is complicated by postfibrillatory myocardial dysfunction (postresuscitation stunning). We tested whether this dysfunction can be caused by reduced myofilament Ca2+ responsiveness after VF-induced myocyte Ca2+ overload. We also... |
2,837 | Circadian and seasonal variation of malignant arrhythmias in a pediatric and congenital heart disease population. | Recent studies in adult populations have revealed seasonal variation in the frequency of acute cardiovascular events, including life-threatening arrhythmias, demonstrating increased events during winter and early spring. Trends in the time of day that arrhythmias occur also were noted. We sought to establish whether pe... |
2,838 | [Two years experience with the Pericarbon stentless valve in Hungary]. | In 1999 stentless heart valves were introduced for treatment of the aortic valve disease in elderly patients at the Department of Cardiac Surgery of the University of Debrecen.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="PATIENTS, METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">Between December 1999 and November 2001 63 patients underwent aorti... |
2,839 | Characteristics and outcome among patients having out of hospital cardiac arrest at home compared with elsewhere. | To describe the characteristics and outcome of patients who have a cardiac arrest at home compared with elsewhere out of hospital.</AbstractText>Subjects were patients included in the Swedish cardiac arrest registry between 1990 and 1999. The registry covers about 60% of all ambulance organisations in Sweden.</Abstract... |
2,840 | Prevalence of left ventricular systolic dysfunction and heart failure in high risk patients: community based epidemiological study. | To determine the prevalence of left ventricular systolic dysfunction, and of heart failure due to different causes, in patients with risk factors for these conditions.</AbstractText>Epidemiological study, including detailed clinical assessment, electrocardiography, and echocardiography.</AbstractText>16 English general... |
2,841 | Amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis: a case for surgical management. | Amiodarone can cause the development of thyroid dysfunction in patients with or without previous thyroid disease. Although most cases of amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis (AIT) are mild, a significant number become life threatening. Because of its pharmacokinetics, simply discontinuing amiodarone provides no relief and... |
2,842 | The isolated blood-perfused rat heart: an inappropriate model for the study of ischaemia- and infarction-related ventricular fibrillation. | 1. Well-characterized in vivo and in vitro models exist for the study of ischaemia- and infarction-related ventricular fibrillation (VF). In rats in vivo, VF appears to occur in distinct acute ischaemia- (early) and infarction-related (late) phases. Interestingly, isolated buffer-perfused rat hearts do not develop late... |
2,843 | Atrial fibrillation in the elderly: facts and management. | Although atrial fibrillation is not widely known by the general public, in developed countries it is the most common arrhythmia. The incidence increases markedly with advancing age. Thus, with the growing proportion of elderly individuals, atrial fibrillation will come to represent a significant medical and socioeconom... |
2,844 | [Right atrial lipoma with calcification in ascending aorta; report of a case]. | A 67-year-old male was diagnosed to have a right atrial tumor by echocardiography incidentally. Computed tomography (CT) indicated a mass which showed very low radiodensity and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [T1-weighted] showed the high signal intensity of tumor. We could predict the mass as lipoma. Tumor removal wa... |
2,845 | Alpha 2-Adrenergic stimulation is protective against ischemia-reperfusion-induced ventricular arrhythmias in vivo. | We previously reported that alpha(2)-adrenergic receptor (alpha(2)-AR) stimulation in Purkinje fibers in vitro prolongs action potential duration and suppresses beta-adrenergic-induced delayed afterdepolarizations and sustained triggered activities. We examined the effects of alpha(2)-AR stimulation on reperfusion-indu... |
2,846 | Effects of acute reduction of temperature on ventricular fibrillation activation patterns. | Because of its electrophysiological effects, hypothermia can influence the mechanisms that intervene in the sustaining of ventricular fibrillation. We hypothesized that a rapid and profound reduction of myocardial temperature impedes the maintenance of ventricular fibrillation, leading to termination of the arrhythmia.... |
2,847 | Safety and efficacy of advanced atrial pacing therapies for atrial tachyarrhythmias in patients with a new implantable dual chamber cardioverter-defibrillator. | This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of atrial pacing therapies for the treatment and prevention of atrial tachycardia (AT) or atrial fibrillation (AF) in a new dual chamber implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD).</AbstractText>Patients with an ICD may also experience AT or AF that is amenable to pace ter... |
2,848 | Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction as a predictor of the first diagnosed nonvalvular atrial fibrillation in 840 elderly men and women. | The objective of this study was to determine whether diastolic dysfunction is associated with increased risk of nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) in older adults with no history of atrial arrhythmia.</AbstractText>Few data exist regarding the relationship between diastolic function and NVAF.</AbstractText>The clin... |
2,849 | Serious ventricular arrhythmias among users of cisapride and other QT-prolonging agents in the United States. | To evaluate the risk of serious ventricular arrhythmia (SVA) with cisapride use in the United States.</AbstractText>The study population included 28,078 patients under the age of 65 years who received cisapride between 1993 and 1998 with no history of antiarrhythmia treatment. Each follow-up day was classified accordin... |
2,850 | [The first Japanese case of autosomal dominant Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy with a novel mutation in the lamin A/C gene]. | Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) is a muscular disorder characterized by 1) early contracture of the elbows. Achilles tendons and post-cervical muscles, 2) slowly progressive muscle wasting and weakness with a humeroperoneal distribution, and 3) life-threatening cardiomyopathy with conduction block. Most of fam... |
2,851 | Ibutilide-induced long QT syndrome and torsade de pointes. | Ibutilide is a class III antiarrhythmic agent used for the termination of atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter. It mainly affects membrane potassium currents and prolongs the cardiac action potential. This effect is reflected as QT interval prolongation on the surface electrocardiogram. Like other drugs that affect p... |
2,852 | A novel TPM1 mutation in a family with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and sudden cardiac death in childhood. | We sought to define the pathogenic mutation in a family with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HC) and a markedly arrhythmogenic phenotype. The proband was an 8-year-old female with a sentinel event of sudden death. Screening echocardiograms revealed HC in 2 of her 3 siblings and her father. Her youngest male sibling was di... |
2,853 | [Effects of myocardial stretching on excitation frequencies determined by spectral analysis during ventricular fibrillation]. | The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of myocardial stretching on excitation frequencies, as determined by spectral analysis, during ventricular fibrillation.</AbstractText>In 12 isolated rabbit heart preparations, ventricular activation during ventricular fibrillation was recorded with multiple electrodes. ... |
2,854 | Inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme reduces susceptibility of hypertrophied rat myocardium to ventricular fibrillation. | Left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy increases susceptibility to reperfusion arrhythmias and the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, ramipril, may reduce that susceptibility via regression of LV hypertrophy. Rats (n=12 per group) were subjected to abdominal aortic constriction (AC) or sham-operation (SH) and from 3 t... |
2,855 | Chemoreflex sensitivity as a predictor of arrhythmia relapse in ICD recipients. | The chemoreflex sensitivity as a marker of a disturbed vagal reflex activity has proved to be a parameter of increased risk for ventricular tachyarrhythmias or sudden cardiac death. The sensitivity of patients with prior myocardial infarction concerning ventricular tachyarrhythmias amounted to about 70%. This prospecti... |
2,856 | Comparative effects of permanent biventricular and right-univentricular pacing in heart failure patients with chronic atrial fibrillation. | One third of chronic heart failure patients have major intraventricular conduction and uncoordinated ventricular contraction. Non-controlled studies suggest that biventricular pacing may improve haemodynamics and well-being by reducing ventricular asynchrony. The aim of this trial was to assess the clinical efficacy an... |
2,857 | Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia in a 3-year-old with occult myocarditis. | Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is a rare clinical entity in children. Occult myocarditis has not been previously implicated as an etiologic agent. A 3-year-old female presents with a presumed breath-holding spell and is found to have ventricular fibrillation requiring DC cardioversion. An ... |
2,858 | Inhibition of bradycardia pacing and detection of ventricular fibrillation due to far-field atrial sensing in a triple chamber implantable cardioverter defibrillator. | Oversensing of intracardiac signals or myopotentials may cause inappropriate ICD therapy. Reports on far-field sensing of atrial signals are rare, and inappropriate ICD therapy due to oversensing of atrial fibrillation has not yet been described. This report presents a patient with a triple chamber ICD and a history of... |
2,859 | [Alternatives to chronic cardiac stimulation in patients with mechanical tricuspid prosthesis and atrioventricular block]. | One of the complications of tricuspid valve replacement (TVR) is the complete heart block (CHB). In these patients an epicardial permanent pacemaker is frequently used but its insertion is another major operation and higher thresholds are needed. Two patients are reported, both women, with rheumatic heart disease and T... |
2,860 | [Follow-up of a group of patients with automatic implantable defibrillator]. | The automatic implantable defibrillator (AID) is the treatment of choice for primary and secondary prevention of sudden death. At the Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, since October 1996 until January 2002, 25 patients were implanted with 26 AID. There were 23 men (92%) and the mean age of the whole group, was 51... |
2,861 | [Perpetual cardiac fibrillation and predictors of sudden cardiac arrhythmic death in patients with ischemic stroke]. | To study predictors of sudden cardiac arrhythmic death in patients with perpetual cardiac fibrillation (PCF) and ischemic stroke.</AbstractText>230 patients with ischemic stroke were examined. 22 (9.6%) patients of them (group 1) had PCF, 208 (90.4%) patients (group 2) had sinus rhythm. The groups were matched by sex, ... |
2,862 | Is the presence of interatrial septal hypertrophy a marker for atrial fibrillation in the elderly? | Interatrial septal thickness (IST) appears to increase with heart weight, body surface area, and the presence of vacuolated fat cells within the atrial septum. The increased thickness of the atrial septum is an infrequently observed but readily recognized entity by echocardiography. Several reports have suggested that ... |
2,863 | Atrial pacing for the prevention and termination of atrial fibrillation. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) affects about 2% of the general population and 8%-11% of those older than 65 years. The demand for effective therapeutic strategies for AF is anticipated to increase substantially as the proportion of the elderly population increases. Atrioventricular nodal ablation accompanied by permanent pac... |
2,864 | Indications and nonindications for ablation of atrioventricular conduction in the elderly: is it sensible to destroy normal tissue? | Atrial fibrillation is common in later life. The goals of therapy are maintenance/restoration of sinus rhythm and control of ventricular rate when atrial fibrillation occurs. The only nonpharmacologic therapy of proven benefit is atrioventricular junction ablation and pacing, but this approach is irreversible and requi... |
2,865 | Ventricular rate control in the elderly: is digoxin enough? | The ventricular response in untreated patients with atrial fibrillation often exceeds 120 beats/min at rest. Digoxin can slow this rate, but its efficacy during exertion may be limited. Alternatives, or additions, to digoxin therapy include the beta blockers and diltiazem or verapamil. This review discusses the role of... |
2,866 | Left ventricular geometry immediately following defibrillation: shock-induced relaxation. | A previous two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound study suggested that there is relaxation of the myocardium after defibrillation. The 2D study could not measure activity occurring within the first 33 ms after the shock, a period that may be critical for discriminating between shock- and excitation-induced relaxation. The obj... |
2,867 | Surgical treatment of tachyarrhythmias due to postinfarction left ventricular aneurysm with endoaneurysmorrhaphy and cryoablation. | In this study, the efficacy of left ventricular (LV) endoaneurysmorrhaphy and cryoablation without intraoperative electrophysiologic mapping was evaluated in patients with postinfarction LV aneurysm and sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT).</AbstractText>A prospective study was performed on all patients operated with... |
2,868 | Post-resuscitation right ventricular dysfunction: delineation and treatment with dobutamine. | Left ventricular dysfunction after resuscitation from cardiac arrest has been well described. Treatment with dobutamine improves post-resuscitation left ventricular function. Right ventricular function following resuscitation has not been investigated. The purposes of this study were to examine right ventricular functi... |
2,869 | Defibrillation threshold and cardiac responses using an external biphasic defibrillator with pediatric and adult adhesive patches in pediatric-sized piglets. | Before recommendations for using an automatic external defibrillator on pediatric patients can be made, a protocol for the energy of a biphasic waveform energy dosing needs to be determined that will allow ventricular defibrillation of 8 year olds while causing only a minimal amount of cardiac damage to infants. Pediat... |
2,870 | Impact of atrial fibrillation on mortality in patients with chronic heart failure. | Chronic heart failure and atrial fibrillation often occur together. The aim of the study is to review the available literature on the impact of atrial fibrillation on mortality in patients with heart failure. Using MEDLINE six full papers were identified. In the studies with severe heart failure atrial fibrillation did... |
2,871 | [Proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-alpha) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) in serum of young people with ventricular arrhythmias]. | In the most cases the origin of ventricular arrhythmias is ischaemic, necrosis focus or presence of the connective tissue in cardiac muscle. The aim of the study was to evaluate troponin I (cTnI), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) vs in young subject with ventricular arrhythmias. Into the... |
2,872 | Diastolic heart failure in the community: clinical profile, natural history, therapy, and impact of proposed diagnostic criteria. | Diastolic heart failure (DHF) has been broadly defined as "signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure (CHF) with normal/near normal systolic function." The clinical profile and natural history of the syndrome remain controversial. Furthermore, the frequency with which patients with CHF and normal ejection fraction ... |
2,873 | Clinical use of AcuNav diagnostic ultrasound catheter imaging during left heart radiofrequency ablation and transcatheter closure procedures. | AcuNav ultrasound catheter (UC) (10F, 5.5-10 MHz) has unique advantages for left heart imaging with its 4-way tip flexible maneuverability, maximal 16-cm intracardiac imaging depth, and Doppler and color flow imaging capability.</AbstractText>We assessed the initial use of this UC in 40 consecutive patients (34 men; ag... |
2,874 | Fractionated-clamping for thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair: a modified Crawford technique. | To apply fractionated-clamping for repair of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAA), and evaluate its effects in decreasing surgical mortality and severe complications, such as renal failure and paraplegia, a modified crawford procedure were prospectively evaluated.</AbstractText>Using modified shunting and cross-clamp... |
2,875 | Anti-arrhythmic peptide N-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionyl Pro-Hyp-Gly-Ala-Gly-OH reduces dispersion of action potential duration during ischemia/reperfusion in rabbit hearts. | During ischemia, cardiac gap junctions close and neighboring cells uncouple. This leads to slow conduction, increased dispersion of APD90 (duration from action potential beginning to 90% of repolarization), nonuniform anisotropy, and unidirectional conduction block, all of which favor the induction of reentry arrhythmi... |
2,876 | Arrhythmias in Patients with Heart Failure. | Both atrial and ventricular arrhythmias are very common in patients with congestive heart failure, and their presence is associated with symptoms, significant morbidity, and mortality. Studies have attempted to determine the prognostic significance of atrial and ventricular arrhythmias in patients with heart failure. W... |
2,877 | Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. | When an individual is diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), all relatives potentially affected by Mendelian autosomal-dominant inheritance should be evaluated with an electrocardiogram (ECG) and echocardiogram. Genetic testing should be considered in high-risk mutations where there are diagnostic uncertaint... |
2,878 | Inappropriate high-rate ventricular pacing in a patient with a defibrillator. | We describe a patient who presented with high rate ventricular pacing secondary to dysfunction of his implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). The device was also unable to communicate with the programmer and unable to treat ventricular fibrillation. Immediate disconnection of the ICD from the leads was the only e... |
2,879 | [Atrial fibrillation and heart failure: cause or effect?]. | The association between atrial fibrillation and heart failure is well documented. Heart failure is one of the established predisposing conditions for the development of atrial fibrillation; conversely, heart failure is a common condition in patients with atrial fibrillation. In patients with heart failure the atrial el... |
2,880 | [Refractory heart failure. Multisite stimulation]. | The pathophysiological background of cardiac resynchronization therapy is represented by the intraventricular conduction delay such as left bundle branch block, present in about one third of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Intraventricular conduction block, with or without atrioventricular delay, adversely influe... |
2,881 | Postoperative oral amiodarone as prophylaxis against atrial fibrillation after coronary artery surgery. | To assess the prophylactic effect of postoperative oral amiodarone on the incidence and severity of atrial fibrillation (AF) after coronary artery surgery.</AbstractText>Prospective, randomized, blinded, controlled study.</AbstractText>University hospital.</AbstractText>Patients who had coronary artery surgery (n = 200... |
2,882 | Transthoracic defibrillation of short-lasting ventricular fibrillation: a randomised trial for comparison of the efficacy of low-energy biphasic rectilinear and monophasic damped sine shocks. | Biphasic rectilinear shocks are more effective than monophasic shocks for transthoracic atrial defibrillation and for ventricular arrhythmias during electrophysiological testing. We undertook the present study to compare the efficacy of 100 J rectilinear biphasic waveform shocks with 150 J monophasic damped sine wavefo... |
2,883 | New insights into the mechanisms and management of atrial fibrillation. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Two generally acceptable strategies exist for long-term AF management, with ongoing studies comparing the overall mortality associated with each. One strategy aims to maintain sinus rhythm, with antiarrhythmic agents if necessar... |
2,884 | Delays in defibrillation: influence of different monitoring techniques. | Rapid defibrillation is the most important intervention required for a patient in cardiac arrest due to ventricular fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia. Isolated case reports of spurious asystole may have seen a change in practice, moving away from monitoring through defibrillator paddles and gel pads in favour of ... |
2,885 | Adult cardiac arrest in general practice. | Out of hospital cardiac arrest victims contribute significantly to adult mortality figures but are encountered infrequently by most general practitioners and their staff. A number of scientific organisations produce guidelines for the basic and advanced management of cardiac arrest.</AbstractText>To review the manageme... |
2,886 | Halothane, isoflurane, and fentanyl increase the minimally effective defibrillation threshold of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator: first report in humans. | Placing an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) involves the induction of ventricular fibrillation, whereupon the minimally effective defibrillation energy threshold (DFT) is determined. We evaluated the effects of 0.7% halothane, 1% isoflurane, or 1.5 micro g/kg of IV fentanyl during N(2)O/oxygen-based general... |
2,887 | Off-pump multivessel coronary artery surgery in high-risk patients. | Coronary artery bypass surgery on cardiopulmonary bypass is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, which may be more marked in high-risk patients. We evaluated our results of off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) in high-risk patients with multivessel coronary artery disease and compared them with resul... |
2,888 | Surgical revascularization in patients with poor left ventricular function: on- or off-pump? | Patients with left ventricular dysfunction and low ejection fraction (EF) are at high-risk of complication and mortality after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The potential success of off-pump CABG in this high-risk population has yet to be determined. The purpose of this study is to compare the outcome of off-... |
2,889 | Left atrial dimensions determined by M-mode echocardiography in black and white older (> or =65 years) adults (The Cardiovascular Health Study). | Stroke and atrial fibrillation are common and serious illnesses in the elderly, the risks of which are substantially increased by left atrial (LA) enlargement. Despite growing recognition of the importance of LA enlargement, the distribution and correlates of LA dimension in the elderly have not been well defined. A to... |
2,890 | Cumulative effect of complete left bundle-branch block and chronic atrial fibrillation on 1-year mortality and hospitalization in patients with congestive heart failure. A report from the Italian network on congestive heart failure (in-CHF database). | Many clinical variables have been proposed as prognostic factors in patients with congestive heart failure. Among these, complete left bundle-branch block and atrial fibrillation are known to impair significantly left ventricular performance in patients with congestive heart failure. However, their combined effect on m... |
2,891 | Hypothermia and neurologic outcome in patients following cardiac arrest: should we be hot to cool off our patients? | Hypothermia as a protectant of neurologic function in the treatment of cardiac arrest patients, although not a new concept, is now supported by two recent randomized, prospective clinical trials. The basic science research in support of the effects of hypothermia at the cellular and animal levels is extensive. The proc... |
2,892 | [Cardiac resynchronization therapy by biventricular pacing. How many patients with left ventricular dysfunction are eligible?]. | Cardiac resynchronization therapy by multisite biventricular pacing presents an additive therapeutic option in the treatment of severe congestive heart failure. The objective of the study was to evaluate how many patients with left ventricular dysfunction may potentially benefit from this therapy.</AbstractText>A total... |
2,893 | New approaches to atrial fibrillation management: a critical review of a rapidly evolving field. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, the prevalence of which is increasing with the aging of the population. Because of its clinical importance and the lack of highly satisfactory management approaches, AF is the subject of active clinical and research efforts. This paper reviews recent and o... |
2,894 | [Effect of diabetes mellitus in recovery and maintenance of sinus rhythm in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation]. | Diabetes mellitus is frequently accompanied by cardiac rhythm disorders. On the other hand, atrial fibrillation is the most frequent cardiac arrhythmia in adult population [1, 2]. According to some of the large epidemiological studies diabetes mellitus is among independent risk factors for development and persistence o... |
2,895 | Ventricular fibrillation during acute coronary occlusion is related to the dilation of the ischemic region. | Myocardial stretch induces several electrophysiological changes and arrhythmias, but little is known on its possible role in triggering ventricular fibrillation (VF) during acute coronary occlusion. In thiopental-anesthetized, open-chest pigs submitted to a 40-min ligation of the left anterior descending coronary arter... |
2,896 | Public use of automated external defibrillators. | Automated external defibrillators save lives when they are used by designated personnel in certain public settings. We performed a two-year prospective study at three Chicago airports to assess whether random bystanders witnessing out-of-hospital cardiac arrests would retrieve and successfully use automated external de... |
2,897 | The end-of-study patient survey: methods influencing response rate in the AVID Trial. | Patient surveys are commonly distributed at the end of a multicenter clinical trial. This Antiarrhythmics Versus Implantable Defibrillators (AVID) substudy prospectively explored the relationship between methods used in distributing a survey and the quantity of responses received. AVID was a multicenter, randomized tri... |
2,898 | Determinants and prognostic value of left atrial volume in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. | We aimed to investigate the determinants of left atrial (LA) volume and its prognostic value in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM).</AbstractText>Enlargement of the LA is a marker of mortality in the general population. Patients with DCM are characterized by a wide range of LA sizes, but the clinical role of th... |
2,899 | Ibutilide in rapid conversion of atrial flutter in octogenarians. | Atrial flutter is a common sustained atrial tachyarrhythmia for which frequency increases with age. Ibutilide is a novel class III antiarrhythmic agent used for the rapid cardioversion of atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter.</AbstractText>The aim of our study was to assess the use of ibutilide in a selected populatio... |
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