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2,900 | Carrier-mediated norepinephrine release and reperfusion arrhythmias induced by protracted ischemia in isolated perfused guinea pig hearts: effect of presynaptic modulation by alpha(2)-adrenoceptor in mild hypothermic ischemia. | Yohimbine, an alpha(2)-adrenoceptor antagonist, has been reported to protect hypoxic myocardium and inhibit carrier-mediated norepinephrine (NE) release and reperfusion arrhythmias (ventricular fibrillation; VF) in normothermic ischemia. In heart surgery, mild hypothermic (tepid) cardioplegia has been reported to reduc... |
2,901 | On the mechanism of the probabilistic nature of ventricular defibrillation threshold. | The probabilistic nature of the ventricular defibrillation threshold (DFT) remains poorly understood. We hypothesized that shock outcome is a function of the amount of myocardium in its vulnerable period (VP). The endocardial surface of five isolated, perfused swine right ventricles was mapped with 477 bipolar electrod... |
2,902 | Slow rate during AF improves ventricular performance by reducing sensitivity to cycle length irregularity. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) is characterized by short and irregular ventricular cycle lengths (VCL). While the beneficial effects of heart rate slowing (i.e., the prolongation of VCL) in AF are well recognized, little is known about the impact of irregularity. In 10 anesthetized dogs, R-R intervals, left ventricular (LV) ... |
2,903 | Advanced life support drugs: do they really work? | Basic life support and rapid defibrillation for ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia are the only two interventions that have been shown unequivocally to improve survival after cardiac arrest. Several drugs are advocated to treat cardiac arrest, but despite very encouraging animal data, no drug... |
2,904 | Feasibility of public access to defibrillation. | Immediate defibrillation is the single most effective therapy to reverse ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest today. The once physician-only skill of defibrillation has entered mainstream society and is saving the lives of many sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) victims in a variety of settings. The automated external defi... |
2,905 | Regional differences in ventricular fibrillation in the open-chest porcine left ventricle. | It has been hypothesized that during ventricular fibrillation (VF), the fastest activating region, the dominant domain, contains a stable reentrant circuit called a mother rotor. This hypothesis postulates that the mother rotor spawns wavefronts that propagate to maintain VF elsewhere and implies that the ratio of wave... |
2,906 | Progressive increases in complexity of T-wave oscillations herald ischemia-induced ventricular fibrillation. | T-wave alternans (TWA), an ABAB oscillation, has been postulated as the initial pattern in a stepwise progression to higher-order oscillations, culminating in sudden arrhythmic death. The present study is the first to provide experimental evidence to support this intriguing concept. Epicardial and endocardial ECGs from... |
2,907 | Time to first shock by emergency medical technicians with automated external defibrillators. | The interval from collapse to electrical rescue shock is a critical determinant of successful defibrillation in cardiac arrest. In order to achieve the earliest possible defibrillation, many emergency medical services (EMS) systems equip first-responding units with an automated external defibrillator (AED).</AbstractTe... |
2,908 | Azathioprine in refractory sprue: results from a prospective, open-label study. | Refractory sprue is a rare and severe malabsorptive disorder that mimics celiac disease but is refractory to a gluten-free diet and is without initial evidence of overt lymphoma. Treatment is largely empiric and often ineffective, with steroids and immunosuppression being the mainstream therapeutic options. The aim of ... |
2,909 | Transmural reentry triggered by epicardial stimulation during acute ischemia in canine ventricular muscle. | Ischemia depresses tissue excitability more rapidly in the ventricular epicardium than in the endocardium. We hypothesized that this would provide the substrate for transmural reentry originating in the epicardium. We mapped transmural conduction in isolated and perfused wedges taken from canine left ventricles during ... |
2,910 | [Myotonic dystrophy and bundle-branch re-entrant tachycardia]. | We report the case of a 37-year-old man diagnosed with myotonic dystrophy who presented atrial fibrillation with high ventricular rate. While being treated with amiodarone, he suffered cardiac arrest. The electrophysiological study disclosed bundle-branch reentrant ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation. ... |
2,911 | [Role of coronary artery revascularization and aneurysmectomy in ventricular arrhythmias in the chronic phase of myocardial infarction]. | The influence of coronary artery revascularization on the control of ventricular arrhythmias in patients with chronic myocardial infarction is uncertain. However, ablation of the arrhythmogenic circuit in these patients by aneurysm resection is useful for controlling ventricular arrhythmias. We made a prospective analy... |
2,912 | New insights into onset mechanisms of atrial fibrillation and flutter after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. | To determine by means of a monitoring study the onset mechanisms of atrial fibrillation (AF) after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG).</AbstractText>During elective CABG, 81 patients had one bipolar atrial and one ventricular epicardial electrode attached. These were connected to a Vitatron 900E external pacin... |
2,913 | Surgical closure of atrial septal defects in adults: effect of age at operation on outcome. | To determine whether age has an effect on the long term outcome after surgical closure of atrial septal defects in patients aged 35 years and over.</AbstractText>Retrospective analysis of 89 patients (64 women) operated on between 1989 and 1999. Patients were divided into two age groups: group I (aged 35-50 years, n = ... |
2,914 | Heart transplantation as last resort against Brugada syndrome. | We report the first case, to the best of our knowledge, of a patient with Brugada syndrome who required heart transplantation to control multiple "electrical storms." |
2,915 | Programmed electrical stimulation in Brugada syndrome: how reproducible are the results? | Inducibility of ventricular arrhythmias at programmed electrical stimulation (PES) ranges between 50% and 80% of patients with Brugada syndrome. However, the variety of PES protocols and the lack of data relative to a control group or to ventricular arrhythmia reproducibility contribute to a still undefined interpretat... |
2,916 | Anatomy of a murder: telemetric footprints. | A man with complete heart block received a Pacesetter Affinity pacemaker, programmed DDD. Two months later, the patient was beaten to death and the coroner requested telemetric information. Pacemaker stored Event Records for the previous 40 hours were retrieved and using the zoom scale, the events leading to death were... |
2,917 | Implantable cardioverter defibrillator dysfunction during and after magnetic resonance imaging. | This report describes a patient in whom a MRI of the brain was performed without realizing that an ICD had been implanted 8 days previously. Electromagnetic noise induced during the MRI was detected as ventricular fibrillation and nearly caused inappropriate shocks. Charge time during MRI was prolonged. The battery ind... |
2,918 | Shock coordinated with high power of morphology electrogram improves defibrillation success in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators. | Animal studies have suggested that the success of defibrillation may depend on the properties of VF waveform obtained from the morphology electrogram (ME) at the time of the shock. The reliable identification of depolarization events in the fibrillatory signal can be achieved using adaptive estimation of the instantane... |
2,919 | Prognosis of patients with ventricular fibrillation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Hong Kong: prospective study. | To determine the prognosis of patients with ventricular fibrillation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Hong Kong and examine its relationship with the other links in the chain of survival.</AbstractText>Prospective descriptive study.</AbstractText>Three accident and emergency departments, Hong Kong.</AbstractText>Pa... |
2,920 | Use of topological charge to determine filament location and dynamics in a numerical model of scroll wave activity. | The unique time course of an excitable element in cardiac tissue can be represented as the phase of its trajectory in state space. A phase singularity is defined as a spatial point where the surrounding phase values changes by a total of 2 pi, thereby forming the organizing center for a reentrant excitatory wave, a phe... |
2,921 | Ionic and cellular basis for the predominance of the Brugada syndrome phenotype in males. | The Brugada syndrome displays an autosomal dominant mode of transmission with low penetrance. Despite equal genetic transmission of the disease, the clinical phenotype is 8 to 10 times more prevalent in males than in females. The basis for this intriguing sex-related distinction is unknown. The present study tests the ... |
2,922 | Alternans of atrial action potentials during atrial flutter as a precursor to atrial fibrillation. | The mechanisms underlying the transition of typical atrial flutter (Afl) to fibrillation (AF) remain unclear. We set out to test the hypothesis that Afl disorganizes to AF via alternans of atrial action potentials.</AbstractText>In 38 patients with Afl, monophasic action potentials (MAPs) were recorded at the isthmus a... |
2,923 | [New approaches in first aid for cardiovascular patients]. | Sudden cardiac arrest is a major problem of our society. Ventricular fibrillation strikes without any warning. It leads to unconsciousness and death occurs within minutes. Every year at least 100,000 people die from sudden cardiac arrest in Germany alone. The following article is concerned with how todays rescue system... |
2,924 | [Acute cardiovascular failure and its treatment--value of defibrillation in preclinical management]. | Ventricular fibrillation is the most common cause of cardiac arrest. The only scientifically proved therapy that guarantees a long time survival is the early electrical defibrillation. As early as 200 years ago electricity was employed in trying to regain circulation in cases of unexpected death. In the field of emerge... |
2,925 | [New aspects of ICD therapy: from rhythm therapy to complex cardiac monitoring. Development of an implantable, ICD-assisted, intrathoracic 6-channel ECG for continuous monitoring of high infarct risk patients]. | Implantable defibrillator systems (ICD) are therapy of choice for the treatment of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias and in prevention of sudden cardiac death. In more than 80% of patients who receive an ICD, the underlying cardiac disease is a coronary heart disease. Since arrhythmogenic sudden cardiac death ca... |
2,926 | [The future of electrical defibrillators for the heart]. | The aim of electric defibrillation of the heart is to salvage a greater percentage of victims of cardiac arrest in the future. An initial decisive pathway towards this goal is to get a defibrillator to the victim as quickly as possible and apply an electric shock. This has now been implemented on a large scale--by mean... |
2,927 | [The shock for life: early defibrillation in first aid and by the professional paramedic]. | The Automated External Defibrillation is the key link of the chain of survival for patients in cardiac arrest. A lot of case series and trials have shown the effectiveness of early defibrillation by first rescuers and trained lay persons. The earlier the defibrillation is performed, the better is the rate of survival t... |
2,928 | Treatment of medically uncontrolled coronary artery spasm in the normal coronary artery with coronary stenting. | We present a 53-year-old male with recurrent episodes of vasospastic angina and serious complications of coronary artery spasm including ventricular fibrillation and myocardial infarction, who was treated with coronary stenting at the site of ergonovine-induced coronary vasospasm where the coronary artery appeared angi... |
2,929 | Cardiac arrest related to coronary spasm in patients with variant angina: a three-case study. | We present three patients with variant angina pectoris and episodes of cardiac arrest. All of them had typical clinical symptoms, ST-segment changes in electrocardiogram, and coronary artery spasm confirmed by arteriography. They were treated with high doses of calcium antagonists and nitrates. An automatic cardioverte... |
2,930 | Teaching hospital physicians' skills and knowledge of resuscitation algorithms are deficient. | The resuscitation skills of 78 on-call physicians in a tertiary referral center were evaluated in a simulated sudden cardiac arrest (SCA).</AbstractText>The study subjects consisted of physicians whose on-call duty included handling emergency situations. First they were drawn without warning to a simulated witnessed ca... |
2,931 | Cardiotoxic interaction of metabolites from a prodrug segment cilexetil (cyclohexyloxy-carbonyloxy-ethyl) with digoxin in the canine failing heart. | Potential risks of cyclohexanol (CH) and cyclohexanediol (CHD) isomers, which are the metabolites derived from cilexetil ester side-chain of several prodrugs such as antibiotics (e.g. cefotiam hexetil) and an antihypertensive agent (candesartan cilexetil), were examined in beagles that were made congestive heart failur... |
2,932 | Dietary fats and coronary heart disease pathogenesis. | The intake of saturated fat seems to be the main environmental factor for coronary heart disease (CHD). However, decreasing the intake of saturated fat and replacing it in part with linoleic acid in primary or secondary intervention trials did not satisfactorily reduce CHD clinical manifestations. It is only when omega... |
2,933 | [Medication reducing therapy of atrial fibrillation: a new approach to an old problem]. | To study influence of different rate-reducing medicine groups on atrial electrical activity and ventricular thyrhms structure in chronic atrial fibrillation (CAF) and thus to optimize treatment.</AbstractText>57 patients with CAF treated with digitalis, beta-blockers, their combinations, verapamil, amiodaron and sotalo... |
2,934 | Rationale and design of a study assessing treatment strategies of atrial fibrillation in patients with heart failure: the Atrial Fibrillation and Congestive Heart Failure (AF-CHF) trial. | Nonrandomized studies suggest that atrial fibrillation is independently associated with increased mortality in patients with heart failure. Whether restoring and maintaining sinus rhythm will have a beneficial impact on cardiovascular mortality in patients with heart failure has never been tested in an adequately power... |
2,935 | Atrial fibrillation: the nonpharmacologic strategy. | Pharmacologic treatment has been used for decades for conversion and prevention of recurrent atrial fibrillation (AF). But the use of antiarrhythmic drugs is associated with substantial side effects and mortality in some patients. Accordingly, it is not surprising that nonpharmacologic techniques have been developed fo... |
2,936 | Two types of ventricular fibrillation in isolated rabbit hearts: importance of excitability and action potential duration restitution. | The combined effects of excitability and action potential duration (APD) restitution on wavefront dynamics remain unclear.</AbstractText>We used optical mapping techniques to study Langendorff-perfused rabbit hearts. In protocol IA (n=10), D600 at increasing concentrations was infused during ventricular fibrillation (V... |
2,937 | Ventricular rate control by selective vagal stimulation is superior to rhythm regularization by atrioventricular nodal ablation and pacing during atrial fibrillation. | Selective atrioventricular nodal (AVN) vagal stimulation (AVN-VS) has emerged as a novel strategy for ventricular rate (VR) control in atrial fibrillation (AF). Although AVN-VS preserves the physiological ventricular activation sequence, the resulting rate is slow but irregular. In contrast, AVN ablation with pacemaker... |
2,938 | Emotional and physical precipitants of ventricular arrhythmia. | Observational studies have suggested that psychological stress increases the incidence of sudden cardiac death. Whether emotional or physical stressors can trigger spontaneous ventricular arrhythmias in patients at risk has not been systematically evaluated.</AbstractText>Patients with implantable cardioverter-defibril... |
2,939 | [Frecuency of adverse events during the hygiene of the critical care patient]. | The hygiene of the patient in critical condition is a common nursing technique in the intensive care unit, which does not mean that doing it is exempt of risk for the patient's state. We carry out a study to measure the frequency of the appearance of certain adverse events during the hygiene care and their clinical rep... |
2,940 | [Asystole after combination anesthesia]. | A 55-year-old man with liver cancer underwent partial hepatectomy under combined lumbar epidural and general anesthesia. Asystole during postoperative recovery was followed by ventricular fibrillation. After unsuccessful cardiopulmonary resuscitation efforts, brain death was diagnosed. In the absence of anemia, acidosi... |
2,941 | Pulmonary gas exchange after cardiopulmonary resuscitation with either vasopressin or epinephrine. | It is well established that epinephrine administered during cardiopulmonary resuscitation results in pulmonary gas exchange disturbances. It is uncertain how vasopressin affects gas exchange after cardiopulmonary resuscitation.</AbstractText>Prospective, randomized experimental study.</AbstractText>Animal research labo... |
2,942 | Hypertonic-hyperoncotic solutions reduce the release of cardiac troponin I and s-100 after successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pigs. | In some patients, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) can revive spontaneous circulation (ROSC). However, neurological outcome often remains poor. Hypertonic-hyperoncotic solutions (HHS) have been shown to improve microvascular conductivity after regional and global ischemia. We investigated the effect of infusion of H... |
2,943 | [Malignant lymphoma with various cardiac manifestations: a case report]. | A 49-year-old woman presented with malignant lymphoma manifesting as dyspnea, palpitation and leg edema. Chest radiography demonstrated cardiomegaly, electrocardiography(ECG) showed first degree atrioventricular block, and echocardiography showed concentric left ventricular hypertrophy with granular sparkling texture a... |
2,944 | [Brugada syndrome occurring in an identical twin: a case report]. | A 51-year-old man was admitted for evaluation of palpitation and syncope. Electrocardiography showed right bundle branch block with ST segment elevation. Intravenous administration of pilsicainide(50 mg) converted the saddle-back type into coved type ST elevation. Ventricular fibrillation was induced with double extras... |
2,945 | Twenty-five years' experience with the arterial switch operation. | The arterial switch operation was introduced in 1976 to correct transposition of the great arteries and has since replaced atrial palliation. This study examines the long-term outcomes of the arterial switch operation.</AbstractText>Included in the study were 195 patients who underwent the arterial switch operation fro... |
2,946 | Refibrillation, resuscitation and survival in out-of-hospital sudden cardiac arrest victims treated with biphasic automated external defibrillators. | Defibrillation is essential for victims of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) with ventricular fibrillation (VF), yet it does not terminate the underlying causes of VF. Prior to more definitive interventions, these same causes may result in recurrence of VF following defibrillation (refibrillation). The incidence and course o... |
2,947 | Mock loop testing of On-x prosthetic mitral valve with Doppler echocardiography. | Previous in vitro testing (mainly in aortic position) and clinical experience (often based on Doppler echocardiographic observations) demonstrated an excellent hemodynamic behavior of the On-X valve. However, integrative studies including simultaneous hemodynamic pressure and flow measurements and Doppler echocardiogra... |
2,948 | Cardioversion of atrial fibrillation with ibutilide: when is it most effective? | Atrial fibrillation (AF) is found in 1% of persons above the age of 60 years. More than 5% of the population older than 69 years and about 14% of octogenarians are at risk for this arrhythmia. It is estimated that 1.5 to 3 million persons in the United States alone suffer from AF. The public health implications and att... |
2,949 | [Simultaneous hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy and long QT syndrome: a potentially malignant association]. | Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) and long-QT syndrome (LQTS) are cardiac diseases with known genetic disorders. They are inherited in an autosomal-dominant way. From a clinical point of view, both diseases share a disturbed repolarization and the risk of sudden cardiac death. In 1998, during the annual me... |
2,950 | Success of serial external electrical cardioversion of persistent atrial fibrillation in maintaining sinus rhythm; a randomized study. | The aim of this prospective, randomized study was to determine the efficacy of a serial external electrical cardioversion strategy in maintaining sinus rhythm after 12 months in patients with recurrent persistent atrial fibrillation.</AbstractText>Ninety patients with persistent atrial fibrillation lasting more than 72... |
2,951 | Vasopressin: new uses in critical care. | The science of medicine has evolved dramatically over recent years, with better understanding of the mechanisms of disease leading to innovative new treatments. However, the critical care patient still suffers from a high mortality rate with few advances from the traditional modalities of therapy. Arginine vasopressin ... |
2,952 | [Interactions of peripheral mu-opioid receptors and K(ATP)-channels in regulation of cardiac electrical stability in ischemia, reperfusion, and postinfarction cardiosclerosis]. | It has been shown that mu-opioid receptor stimulation by intravenous administration of the selective mu receptor agonist DALDA in a dose of 0.1 mg/kg prevented ischemic and reperfusion arrhythmias in rats subjected to coronary artery occlusion (10 min) and reperfusion (10 min), and also increased the ventricular fibril... |
2,953 | [Evaluation of emergency medicine knowledge and procedures after finishing the course "resuscitation specialty"]. | Emergency medical services are an indispensable part of out-patient medical care. For this purpose, special qualifications are necessary and these are taught within the framework of a course entitled "Certificate for Emergency Medical Services". These courses are organized either as a block course, that is a one-week c... |
2,954 | [Surgical closure of atrial septal defect before or after the age of 25 years. Comparison with the natural history of unoperated patients]. | Surgical closure of an atrial septal defect (ASD) before the age of 25 years has been demonstrated to reduce complications during adulthood. However, the outcome for patients operated after the age of 25 is still debated.</AbstractText>In a retrospective study we examined the outcome of early and late surgical repair o... |
2,955 | [Successful hybrid therapy combined with oral bepridil and ICD in a patient with amiodarone refractory life-threatening ventricular tachyarrhythmia associated with ischemic cardiomyopathy]. | A 68-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for the treatment of angina and ventricular tachyarrhythmia. A coronary and left ventricular angiography showed coronary artery disease and ischemic cardiomyopathy with severe left ventricular dysfunction. A percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty was performed succ... |
2,956 | ["Top-of-the-basilar" syndrome and Chagas' disease]. | As a chronic chagasic myocardiopathy, Chagas disease (CD) may give rise to cardiac insufficiency, arrhythmias, thromboembolism and stroke. Occlusive vascular disease of the rostral portion of the basilar artery or of its emergent branches may cause ischemia and necrosis in different areas of the midbrain, thalamic nucl... |
2,957 | Cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the mouse. | We sought to develop a model of cardiac arrest and resuscitation on mice that would be comparable to that of large mammals and would allow for more fundamental investigations on cardiopulmonary arrest and cardiac resuscitation. A model of cardiopulmonary resuscitation previously developed by our group on rats was adapt... |
2,958 | New evidence for stroke prevention: clinical applications. | Stroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in most developed nations. There is a significant body of evidence supporting strategies that target primary and secondary stroke prevention. This evidence cannot be broadly applied to all patients, and each patient's situation and values must be considered with rega... |
2,959 | Cariporide for pharmacologic defibrillation after prolonged cardiac arrest. | We hypothesized that cariporide, a sodium-hydrogen exchange inhibitor, would be as cardioprotective during the global myocardial ischemia of prolonged cardiac arrest as it is in settings of coronary occlusion.</AbstractText>Fifteen Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to receive bolus injections of cariporide or placebo... |
2,960 | [Spontaneous coronary spasm as a rare cause of survived sudden cardiac death]. | A 39-year-old man was admitted to our intensive care unit after successful resuscitation because of ventricular fibrillation with clinical and electrographic signs of acute myocardial infarction. Coronary angiography showed normal coronary arteries. MINC syndrome (myocardial infarction with angiographically normal coro... |
2,961 | Association of the human minK gene 38G allele with atrial fibrillation: evidence of possible genetic control on the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation. | Human minK protein is the beta-subunit of I(Ks) potassium channel and plays an important role in cardiac cellular electrophysiology. We investigated the association between human atrial fibrillation and the polymorphism of minK gene (38G or 38S) with a case-control study.</AbstractText>We included 108 patients with atr... |
2,962 | Prognostic value of baseline electrophysiology studies in patients with sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmia: the Antiarrhythmics Versus Implantable Defibrillators (AVID) trial. | We sought to determine the value of electrophysiology (EP) testing in patients with ventricular fibrillation (VF), ventricular tachycardia (VT) with syncope, or sustained VT in the setting of left ventricular dysfunction.</AbstractText>Traditionally, EP testing is part of the workup of patients with sustained VT or VF.... |
2,963 | Effect of risk stratification on cost-effectiveness of the implantable cardioverter defibrillator. | Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) effectively prevent sudden cardiac death, but selection of appropriate patients for implantation is complex. We evaluated whether risk stratification based on risk of sudden cardiac death alone was sufficient to predict the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the ICD.<... |
2,964 | Management of ventricular arrhythmias in diverse populations in California. | The use of coronary angiography and revascularization is lower than expected among black patients. It is uncertain whether use of other cardiac procedures also varies according to race and ethnicity and whether outcomes are affected.</AbstractText>We analyzed discharge abstracts from all nonfederal hospitals in Califor... |
2,965 | Trends in hospital treatment of ventricular arrhythmias among Medicare beneficiaries, 1985 to 1995. | Treatment options for patients with ventricular arrhythmias have undergone major changes in the last 2 decades. Trends in use of invasive procedures, clinical outcomes, and expenditures have not been well documented.</AbstractText>We used administrative databases of Medicare beneficiaries from 1985 to 1995 to identify ... |
2,966 | Life after a ventricular arrhythmia. | There are few data from community-based evaluations of outcomes after a life-threatening ventricular arrhythmia (LTVA). We evaluated patients' quality of life (QOL) and medical costs after hospitalization and treatment for their first episode of an LTVA.</AbstractText>We prospectively evaluated QOL by use of the Duke A... |
2,967 | Role of signal-averaged electrocardiograms for predicting the inducibility of ventricular fibrillation in the syndrome consisting of right bundle branch block and ST segment elevation in leads V1-V3. | Right bundle branch block and ST segment elevation (RBBB-STE) in the right precordial leads have been reported as a distinct clinical and electrocardiographic syndrome in patients prone to ventricular fibrillation (VF) in the absence of structural heart disease (Brugada syndrome). The purpose of the study was to invest... |
2,968 | Effects of anti-vasospastic agents in Japanese patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and coronary vasospasm. | The pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is unknown, but clinical evidence suggests that coronary vasospasm is associated with the development of DCM in some cases. In the present study, we aimed to clarify the prevalence of coronary vasospasm in patients with DCM, the characteristics of patients with DCM and c... |
2,969 | Idiopathic ventricular fibrillation in a patient with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. | Ventricular fibrillation in a patient with ventricular preexcitation is usually due to atrial fibrillation with an extremely rapid ventricular rate from which it degenerates. We present a case with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and coexistent idiopathic ventricular fibrillation. The patient, a 23-year-old male, had ha... |
2,970 | Evolution of the stone heart after prolonged cardiac arrest. | We hypothesized that progressive impairment in diastolic function during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) precedes evolution of the "stone heart" after failure of CPR. We therefore measured sequential changes in left ventricular (LV) volumes and free-wall thickness of the heart during CPR in an experimental model.</... |
2,971 | Amelioration of ischemia- and reperfusion-induced myocardial injury by the selective estrogen receptor modulator, raloxifene, in the canine heart. | We sought to investigate whether raloxifene reduces ischemia-reperfusion injury and what mechanisms are involved in the cardioprotective effects.</AbstractText>Estradiol-17-beta reduces myocardial infarct size in ischemia-reperfusion injury. Raloxifene, a selective estrogen receptor modulator, demonstrates immediate co... |
2,972 | Cardiac arrests treated by ambulance paramedics and fire fighters. | The Emergency Medical Response (EMR) program is a Victorian Government initiative in which fire fighters trained in cardiopulmonary resuscitation and equipped with automatic external defibrillators are dispatched to suspected cardiac arrests simultaneously with ambulance paramedics across metropolitan Melbourne. During... |
2,973 | Two cases of a free-floating ball thrombus in the left atrium. | A free-floating ball thrombus in the left atrium is an unusual occurrence that may cause fatal systemic emboli or left ventricular inflow obstruction, often resulting in sudden death. The first of 2 cases was a 59-year-old female with mitral stenosis and chronic atrial fibrillation who presented with severe dyspnea. Tr... |
2,974 | [The relationship between QT dispersion and risk factors of sudden death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]. | Several risk factors are established for prediction of sudden cardiac death caused by ventricular arrhythmias in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). QT dispersion (QTd) is thought to reflect the heterogeneity of ventricular repolarization. The relation of QTd with ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac... |
2,975 | [Evaluation of "admission index of insulin resistance (AIRI)" as an early stage risk predictor in nondiabetic acute coronary syndromes]. | Insulin resistance is a risk predictor for many cardiovascular diseases, but its effect on etiology and prognosis of diseases has not been clearly identified. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether admission index of insulin resistance (AIRI), recently and practically presented for determination of insulin resi... |
2,976 | [Surgical treatment of aortic coarctation in adults: mid-term results and effects on the systolic blood pressure]. | To evaluate the outcome and the systolic blood pressure changes after surgical treatment of aortic coarctation in adults.</AbstractText>Between February 1995 and January 2001, 12 adult patients with a mean age of 29+/-10 years, underwent repair of aortic coarctation in our clinic. The diagnostic and operative data of t... |
2,977 | Electrocardiographic findings predict short-term cardiac morbidity after transient ischemic attack. | Current guidelines recommend the use of electrocardiography (ECG) in the evaluation of transient ischemic attack (TIA), but the data supporting its value in acute management are sparse.</AbstractText>To determine whether ECG findings are useful as independent predictors of short-term cardiac or neurologic complications... |
2,978 | [Noncompaction of the left ventricular myocardium. Case report and review of the literature]. | Left ventricular non-compaction is an unclassified cardiomyopathy characterized by an excessively prominent trabecular meshwork due to an arrest in myocardial morphogenesis. We report on a 51-year-old female patient with abnormal myocardial trabeculations associated with a congenital mitral valve stenosis post commissu... |
2,979 | Autologous right atrial patch for closure of atrial septal defect. | Prosthetic or pericardial patches used for the closure of atrial septal defects are associated with infrequent but definite problems. As an alternative, we used a right atrial free-wall patch in 12 patients, 7-54 years of age.</AbstractText>The presence of a large secundum atrial septal defect (n=2). associated mitral ... |
2,980 | [Failure in the functioning of an implanted automatic defibrillator due to pneumothorax occurring during its implantation ]. | A 67-year-old man with chronic bronchitis and coronary artery disease was scheduled to receive an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) after an episode of sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia. During implantation through the left subclavian vein, oxygen saturation decreased to slightly below baseline. ... |
2,981 | Effect of intra-aortic occlusion balloon in external thoracic compressions during CPR in pigs. | This study was performed to compare the effectiveness of external thoracic compressions with and without intra-aortic occlusion balloon with capnography and coronary and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) in the normothermic and traumatic-less cardiopulmonary arrest provoked by a ventricular fibrillation in pigs. This w... |
2,982 | [Future potential indications for an oral thrombin inhibitor]. | By the use of conventional anticoagulants, significant improvements were achieved in all fields of medicine. Although efficacious and widely used, their use is limited in several respects. In particular, the use of vitamin K antagonists is restricted in the clinical routine setting. The main reasons are the delayed on-... |
2,983 | Significance and control of cardiac arrhythmias in patients with congestive cardiac failure. | A wide spectrum of ventricular and supraventricular tachyarrhythmias occurs in the setting of congestive cardiac failure. However, the two most clinically significant are atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation. In the past there has been much emphasis on premature ventricular contractions and ... |
2,984 | Prevention of and medical therapy for atrial arrhythmias in heart failure. | A large proportion of heart failure patients suffer from atrial arrhythmias, prime amongst them being atrial fibrillation (AF). Ventricular dysfunction and the syndrome of heart failure can also be a concomitant pathology in up to 50% of patients with AF. However this association is more than just due to shared risk fa... |
2,985 | Anti-thrombotic strategies for patients with atrial fibrillation and heart failure. | Atrial fibrillation occurs commonly in the setting of congestive heart failure and, in fact can cause left ventricular dysfunction due to a rapid ventricular response over time, termed tachycardia-mediated cardiomyopathy. The combination of atrial fibrillation and congestive heart failure leads to a high risk of stroke... |
2,986 | Prevalence and incidence of arrhythmias and sudden death in heart failure. | Patients with heart failure are prone to a variety of arrhythmias, symptomatic and asymptomatic, that are prognostically significant and have an important bearing on the management of these patients. However there are some inherent problems in assessing the frequency of these arrhythmias within a large patient populati... |
2,987 | Cocaethylene's effects on coronary artery blood flow and cardiac function in a canine model. | Cocaethylene is a toxic metabolite of cocaine formed in the presence of ethanol. Though cocaine causes coronary vasoconstriction, cocaethylene's effects on coronaryflow are unknown. The aim of our study was to describe cocaethylene 's effects on coronary flow and cardiac function.</AbstractText>Sixteen alpha-chloralose... |
2,988 | Spontaneous T wave alternans and premature ventricular contractions during febrile illness in a patient with Brugada syndrome. | A 69-year-old man who had experienced syncope and ventricular fibrillation was referred to our hospital. ECG showed a right bundle branch block pattern with ST segment elevation in the right precordial leads. When the patient presented to the hospital with febrile illness, spontaneous T wave alternans and premature ven... |
2,989 | Body surface area of ST elevation and the presence of late potentials correlate to the inducibility of ventricular tachyarrhythmias in Brugada syndrome. | The value of noninvasive markers reflecting repolarization and/or conduction abnormalities in identifying patients with abnormal ECG showing a pattern of atypical right bundle branch block and ST elevation syndrome (Brugada syndrome) at risk for life-threatening arrhythmias is controversial. Because right precordial ST... |
2,990 | The role of heme oxygenase-related carbon monoxide and ventricular fibrillation in ischemic/reperfused hearts. | Reperfusion-induced ventricular fibrillation (VF) and heme oxygenase (HO)-related carbon monoxide (CO) production in isolated ischemic/reperfused rat hearts were studied by gas chromatography. Hearts were subjected to 30 min ischemia followed by 2 h reperfusion, and the expression of HO-1 mRNA (about 4-fold) was observ... |
2,991 | Efficacy of a dual chamber defibrillator with atrial antitachycardia functions in treating spontaneous atrial tachyarrhythmias in patients with life-threatening ventricular tachyarrhythmias. | Atrial fibrillation has a high incidence in patients wearing an implantable cardioverter defibrillator for ventricular tachyarrhythmias and may lead to palpitations, heart failure, angina, stroke and inappropriate defibrillator discharge. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of a dual chamber defibrillator... |
2,992 | Sodium channel blocking and antiarrhythmic actions of the novel arylpiperazine rsd992. | Bolus doses (4-128 micromolkg(-1)) and infusions (2-32 micromolkg(-1)min(-1)) of the novel arylpiperazine drug RSD992 produced bradycardia in rats and guinea pigs but had minimal effect on ECG variables. RSD992 (2-32 micromolkg(-1)min(-1)) increased threshold current (I(T)) for induction of extra-systoles and induction... |
2,993 | Torsade de pointes. | A case is described of torsade de pointes in a 41 year old woman with pre-existing QTc prolongation, potentially exacerbated by treatment with sotalol. Previous cardiac investigations had been normal and after a second episode of ventricular fibrillation the patient was referred for electrophysiological studies. The au... |
2,994 | Repeated physiologic stresses provide persistent cardioprotection against ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. | We investigated the time course of myocardial tolerance to ischemia-reperfusion injury after repeated physiologic or pharmacologic stresses.</AbstractText>Sublethal stress provides cardiac tolerance to ischemia-reperfusion injury and increases the activity of manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) in the myocardium in... |
2,995 | Myocardial dysfunction after electrical defibrillation. | We hypothesized that electrical shocks that defibrillate hearts successfully also produce myocardial injury, but only in settings in which the myocardium is underperfused. Myocardial function was measured in isolated, conventionally perfused or underperfused rat hearts during sinus rhythm and conventionally perfused or... |
2,996 | Body weight is a predictor of biphasic shock success for low energy transthoracic defibrillation. | Transthoracic impedance and current flow are determinants of defibrillation success with monophasic shocks. Whether transthoracic impedance, either independently or via its association with body weight, is a determinant of biphasic waveform shock success has not been determined.</AbstractText>We studied 22 swine, weigh... |
2,997 | Effects of hypertonic saline on myocardial blood flow in a porcine model of prolonged cardiac arrest. | To evaluate the effects of hypertonic saline (HS) on myocardial reperfusion pressure (MPP) and blood flow (MBF), and cardiac index (CI) during and after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).</AbstractText>In 21 domestic swine (16-23 kg) open chest cardiac massage was initiated after 10 min of ventricular fibrillation. W... |
2,998 | Automated external defibrillation as part BLS: implications for education and practice. | The latest Adult Basic Life Support (BLS) guidelines support the inclusion of the use of the automated external defibrillator (AED), as part of basic life support (BLS). Emphasis on the provision of early defibrillation as part of BLS acknowledges the importance of this manoeuvre in the successful termination of ventri... |
2,999 | Ischaemia-induced cellular electrical uncoupling and ventricular fibrillation. | Sudden death resulting from ventricular fibrillation (VF) during acute myocardial ischaemia forms an important contribution to mortality associated with infarction. Its temporal distribution is not known, but 30% of mortality occurs within the first 60 minutes. Two distinct phases of arrhythmias have been demonstrated ... |
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