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9,400 | On the optimal defibrillation waveform--how to reconcile theory and experiment? | Medical intervention by electrical current as applied to humans or animals may have tremendous therapeutic impact if delivered while being carefully controlled. Otherwise, the situation can be harmful in terms of injury or even become lethal. These consequences demand close inspection of all relevant biological and tec... |
9,401 | Ultrasonically actuated silicon microprobes for cardiac signal recording. | In this paper, we report on ultrasonically actuated silicon thin microprobes that successfully penetrated canine cardiac tissue in vitro, and recorded the electrophysiological signals from multiple sites simultaneously within the heart wall. The penetration force--maximum force encountered by the probe during penetrati... |
9,402 | Computer modeling of ventricular rhythm during atrial fibrillation and ventricular pacing. | We propose a unified atrial fibrillation (AF)-ventricular pacing (VP) (AF-VP) model to demonstrate the effects of VP on the ventricular rhythm during atrial fibrillation AF. In this model, the AV junction (AVJ) is treated as a lumped structure characterized by refractoriness and automaticity. Bombarded by random AF imp... |
9,403 | Experimental verification of theoretical predictions concerning the optimum defibrillation waveform. | The efficacy of electrical therapy at terminating ventricular fibrillation is highly dependent on the waveform used. We present experimental results which test one theory for defibrillation waveform dependence. Forty-four defibrillation waveforms (22 monophasic, 22 biphasic) were designed according to the theoretical c... |
9,404 | [Double chamber right ventricle. About 3 cases]. | The double chambered right ventricle is a rare congenital abnormality. It creates an obstacle for the right ventricular ejection. The cardiac ultra sonography examination allows the diagnosis in most majority of cases. The angiography is performed in difficult cases. We report 3 cases of infundibular stenosis with norm... |
9,405 | [Left atrial size in patients with arterial hypertension]. | Left atrial size is increased in patients with arterial hypertension. Left atrial enlargement represents a risk factor of atrial fibrillation and stroke. Left atrial size depends on the effect of many other etiological factors, predominantly by body mass and the left ventricular mass.</AbstractText>The objective of the... |
9,406 | Thyroid hormone and heart failure. | Thyroid hormone metabolic disarray has been identified as a risk factor for the progression of heart disease and the development of heart failure (HF). Both hyper- and hypothyroidism have been associated with a failing myocardium. Poor cardiac contractility and low cardiac output due to hyperthyroidism is a rare occurr... |
9,407 | Cardiac safety of formoterol 12 microg twice daily in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | Some evidence suggests an increased risk of myocardial infarction and dysrhythmia events associated with beta(2)-agonist use in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This prospective, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study compared the cardiac safety of formoterol and plac... |
9,408 | Total thyroidectomy in amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis. Preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative considerations. | A female patient was admitted to our Department for total thyroidectomy in amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis. The drug was prescribed for ventricular arrhythmia and atrial paroxysmal fibrillation in dilated cardiomyopathy due to chronic aortic regurgitation with left ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction 35%; Clas... |
9,409 | Emerging role of vasopressin. | Ionotropic agents are frequently used in vasodilatory shock like conditions of septic or nonseptic origin. Conventional catecholamines such as norepinephrine are used at a very high dose with possibility of adverse effects in many patients. One often encounters refractoriness to these drugs. Infusion of vasopressin (VP... |
9,410 | Brugada-type electrocardiographic changes in a febrile patient of african descent. | Brugada syndrome is an arrhythmic syndrome characterized by a pattern of right bundle branch block and an ST-segment elevation in the right precordial leads on the electrocardiogram. This type of electrocardiographic change is predominantly documented in Asian and white persons and almost never present in persons of Af... |
9,411 | Anesthetic management of an AAI pacemaker patient with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation during colorectal surgery. | Perioperative management of patients with cardiac pacemakers may be challenging because of the increasing sophistication of these devices. We report a case of a patient with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) and with a permanent AAIR (bipolar atrial-inhibited adaptive rate) pacemaker who suffered life-threatening ep... |
9,412 | Acute subendocardial ischaemia leads to homogenous prolongation in ventricular repolarization. | Acute transmural ischaemia often shortens ventricular repolarization and increases repolarization dispersion, leading to life threatening ventricular arrhythmias in animal models and human subjects. Experimental studies and clinical observations have shown that acute subendocardial ischaemia rarely causes serious ventr... |
9,413 | Effects of cocaine intoxication on the threshold for stun gun induction of ventricular fibrillation. | This study sought to assess cocaine's effects on Taser-induced ventricular fibrillation (VF) threshold in a pig model.</AbstractText>Stun guns are increasingly used by law enforcement officials to restrain violent subjects, who are frequently intoxicated with cocaine and other drugs of abuse. The interaction of cocaine... |
9,414 | Cardiac electrophysiological consequences of neuromuscular incapacitating device discharges. | The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cardiac consequences of neuromuscular incapacitating device (NID)/stun gun discharge in an experimental model.</AbstractText>The large-voltage electrical discharges from NIDs have been suggested to pose a risk for triggering cardiac arrhythmias.</AbstractText>Intracardiac c... |
9,415 | Left atrial volume predicts the risk of atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery: a prospective study. | This study sought to identify preoperative predictors of postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) among patients undergoing cardiac surgery.</AbstractText>Postoperative atrial fibrillation is frequent after cardiac surgery and is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, prolonged hospital stay, and increased cos... |
9,416 | Four-year efficacy of cardiac resynchronization therapy on exercise tolerance and disease progression: the importance of performing atrioventricular junction ablation in patients with atrial fibrillation. | The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in heart failure patients with permanent atrial fibrillation (AF) and the role of atrioventricular junction (AVJ) ablation.</AbstractText>Cardiac resynchronization therapy has been proven effective in heart failure patients... |
9,417 | Mechanisms of the acute ischemia-induced arrhythmogenesis--a simulation study. | The underlying ionic mechanisms of ischemic-induced arrhythmia were studied by the computer simulation method. To approximate the real situation, ischemic cells were simulated by considering the three major component conditions of acute ischemia (elevated extracellular K(+) concentration, acidosis and anoxia) at the le... |
9,418 | Clinical experience with tiered atrial therapies and atrial arrhythmia prevention algorithms in a dual chamber cardioverter defibrillator. | The acceptance of atrial arrhythmia features in implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) will depend on their ability to appropriately discriminate atrial tachyarrhythmias/atrial fibrillation (AT/AF). This study tested the effectiveness of an atrial/ventricular ICD with advanced atrial detection and new algorithm... |
9,419 | Incidence of atrial fibrillation in heart transplant patients: long-term follow-up. | The incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in heart transplant patients has not been well documented.</AbstractText>To determine the incidence of AF in a cohort of patients undergoing cardiac transplantation, clinical data were obtained from a prospectively collected database for all consecutive orthotopic heart transpl... |
9,420 | Role of shortened QTc dispersion in in-hospital cardiac events in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for acute coronary syndrome. | QT dispersion (QTD) refers to the difference between maximal and minimal QT values on the electrocardiogram (ECG). QTD values are calculated and corrected with Bazett's formula (corrected QTD = QTcD = QTD/square root of RR). QTcD increases in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Recovery of increased QTcD (shor... |
9,421 | Cardiac lipoma in the ventricular septum--a case report. | We report a case of a cardiac lipoma in the interventricular septum complicated with mitral regurgitation and atrial fibrillation in a 74-year-old woman. Surgical excision of the tumor was performed with mitral annuloplasty and a Maze III procedure. She continues to do well 7 months postoperatively. |
9,422 | Combined atrial fibrillation ablation with mitral valve surgery. | The study aim was to evaluate the efficacy and outcome of radiofrequency (RF) atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation in patients undergoing mitral valve (MV) surgery.</AbstractText>Between March 2002 and December 2004, 61 patients (mean age 65.4 +/- 10 years) underwent isolated endo-left atrial AF ablation using a unipolar ... |
9,423 | Hypercholesterolemia abrogates an increased resistance of diabetic rat hearts to ischemia-reperfusion injury. | Both, diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypercholesterolemia (HCH) are known as risk factors of ischemic heart disease, however, the effects of experimental DM, as well as of HCH alone, on ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial injury are not unequivocal. We have previously demonstrated an enhanced resistance to ischemia-ind... |
9,424 | Hyperthyroidism: a secondary cause of isolated systolic hypertension. | Isolated systolic hypertension is the most common form of hypertension, especially among patients 50 years or older. What is not appreciated is that there are secondary causes of isolated systolic hypertension. Hyperthyroidism increases systolic blood pressure by decreasing systemic vascular resistance, increasing hear... |
9,425 | Effect of first ventricular tachycardia cycle length on rate of ventricular arrhythmia recurrence in patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. | Some controversies exist regarding the proper treatment of hemodynamically tolerated and slow ventricular tachycardia (VT). We intended to assess the effect of cycle length of first VT episode on total ventricular arrhythmia burden in a cohort of patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD).</AbstractText... |
9,426 | Safety of stress echocardiography (from the International Stress Echo Complication Registry). | The safety of any diagnostic test is a major issue in deciding its practicability and cost-effectiveness. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety of various stress echocardiographic modalities in the "real world." From February 1998 to January 2004, a simple written questionnaire was distributed to echocardiog... |
9,427 | Usefulness of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels to predict exercise capacity in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. | Most patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HC) have reduced maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) during exercise. The degree of impairment is poorly predicted by the magnitude of hypertrophy, left ventricular (LV) outflow tract obstruction, and other conventional markers of disease severity. The aim of this study w... |
9,428 | Three-phase model of cardiac arrest: time-dependent benefit of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation. | Evidence has suggested that the pathophysiology of ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest may consist of 3 time-sensitive phases: electrical, circulatory, and metabolic. We performed a retrospective cohort study of adults in a metropolitan county who had had witnessed ventricular fibrillation arrest before emergency m... |
9,429 | Short-term cardiac memory and mother rotor fibrillation. | Short-term cardiac memory refers to the effects of pacing history on action potential duration (APD). Although the ionic mechanisms for short-term memory occurring over many heartbeats (also called APD accommodation) are poorly understood, they may have important effects on reentry and fibrillation. To explore this iss... |
9,430 | Pre-treatment with Irbesartan attenuates left atrial stunning after electrical cardioversion of atrial fibrillation. | Left atrial (LA) stunning, the transient impairment of LA function, is responsible for an increased thrombo-embolic risk after cardioversion of atrial fibrillation (AF). Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) attenuate atrial remodelling in AF and could theoretically influence LA stunning. We studied the effect of Irbesa... |
9,431 | Effect of levosimendan and milrinone on regional myocardial ischemia/reperfusion-induced arrhythmias in dogs. | Phosphodiesterase inhibitors as inodilators in heart failure are associated with promotion of arrhythmias. Calcium sensitizers have been proposed for the treatment of severe decompensated heart failure. The effect of levosimendan, a calcium sensitizer, and milrinone, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, on ventricular arrhyt... |
9,432 | Comparison of pyrroloquinoline quinone and/or metoprolol on myocardial infarct size and mitochondrial damage in a rat model of ischemia/reperfusion injury. | The cardioprotective effectiveness of low-dose pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ, 3 mg/kg) was compared with metoprolol, a beta(1)-selective adrenoceptor antagonist. Rats underwent 30 minutes of left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion and 2 hours of reperfusion. Metoprolol and/or PQQ were given at the onset of r... |
9,433 | [Structural-functional alterations in the heart affecting dynamics of transmitral blood flow during a hemodialysis session]. | To study dynamics of transmitral circulation (TMC) during a hemodialysis (HD) session in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) regarding structural-functional alterations of the heart and baseline condition of the diastolic function of left ventricular (LV) myocardium.</AbstractText>Sixty one patients (34 females a... |
9,434 | Antitachycardia pacing for spontaneous rapid ventricular tachycardia in patients with prophylactic cardioverter-defibrillator therapy. | Antitachycardia pacing (ATP) has not routinely been used in patients who received implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) for primary prevention of sudden death. This study investigated the efficacy of empirical ATP to terminate rapid ventricular tachycardia (VT) in heart failure patients with prophylactic ICD t... |
9,435 | Effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin II receptor blocker on ventricular defibrillation threshold. | Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and Angiotensin II (AII) receptor blockers have previously been shown to be beneficial in treating patients with not only hypertension but also with cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, such drugs may potentially be used in patients with an implantable cardioverter defibril... |
9,436 | Clinical study of amiodarone-associated torsade de pointes in Chinese people. | Amiodarone-associated torsade de pointes (Tdp) has been reported increasingly in China in recent years. In this study, we made clinical analysis of amiodarone-associated Tdp in Chinese people.</AbstractText>Two major Chinese medical databases were searched to identify articles published during the last 26 years that pr... |
9,437 | Reducing unnecessary right ventricular pacing with the managed ventricular pacing mode in patients with sinus node disease and AV block. | Frequent and unnecessary right ventricular apical pacing increases the risk of atrial fibrillation or congestive heart failure. We evaluated a new pacing algorithm, managed ventricular pacing (MVP) which automatically changes modes between AAI/R and DDD/R in patients receiving pacemakers for symptomatic bradycardia.</A... |
9,438 | Safety of AngioJet thrombectomy in acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: a large, single-center experience. | To determine the clinical outcomes associated with use of AngioJet thrombectomy (AT) during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).</AbstractText>Embolization of thrombus and atherosclerotic plaque is thought to contribute to sub-optimal myocardial reperfus... |
9,439 | Pediatric defibrillation after cardiac arrest: initial response and outcome. | Shockable rhythms are rare in pediatric cardiac arrest and the results of defibrillation are uncertain. The objective of this study was to analyze the results of cardiopulmonary resuscitation that included defibrillation in children.</AbstractText>Forty-four out of 241 children (18.2%) who were resuscitated from inhosp... |
9,440 | Alcohol septal ablation for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy: a systematic review of published studies. | Alcohol septal ablation (ASA) for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) has emerged as a lesser invasive alternative to surgical myectomy over the past decade. The purpose of this study is to analyze all the published literature on outcomes and complications after ASA.</AbstractText>MEDLINE and PubMed were sea... |
9,441 | Evidence for multiple mechanisms in human ventricular fibrillation. | The mechanisms that sustain ventricular fibrillation (VF) in the human heart remain unclear. Experimental models have demonstrated either a periodic source (mother rotor) or multiple wavelets as the mechanism underlying VF. The aim of this study was to map electrical activity from the entire ventricular epicardium of h... |
9,442 | Ventricular fibrillation during no-flow global ischemia in isolated rabbit hearts. | The dominant frequency (DF) during ventricular fibrillation (VF) in Langendorff-perfused guinea pig hearts is higher in left ventricle (LV) than in right ventricle (RV). However, the onset of VF invariably leads to global ischemia. Whether or not a high DF source exists in LV during global ischemia is unknown.</Abstrac... |
9,443 | Pharmacologic management of cardiac emergencies. | When a person experiences arrhythmia (i.e., cessation of effective heart contractions), he or she can lose a pulse and become unconscious. Urgent medical care then is needed to improve outcomes and prevent sudden cardiac death. This care should include an electrocardiogram to identify the underlying arrhythmia and guid... |
9,444 | Tachycardiomyopathy with familial predisposition masquerading as peripartum cardiomyopathy. | A 28-year-old pregnant lady presented with cardiomyopathy and atrial tachycardia. The patient had severe heart failure and syncope. Her past medical history was uneventful. Her mother, however, had received an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) after an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest due to idiopathic ventric... |
9,445 | Intracoronary nicorandil prior to reperfusion in acute myocardial infarction. | A prospective, randomised, single centre study was designed to test the safety and efficacy of nicorandil infusion, a potassium channel opener, prior to reperfusion in ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI).</AbstractText>Seventy STEMI patients with TIMI 0 to 2 flow were randomly assigned to nicorandil (Group... |
9,446 | Fungal infection of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators: case series of five patients managed over 22 years. | With the increasing use of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs), device complications are becoming more common. Fungal-related ICD infections have rarely been reported, and little is known about the presentation, prevalence, and treatment options for these morbid infections.</AbstractText>The purpose of this ... |
9,447 | Lipid-lowering drug use is associated with reduced prevalence of atrial fibrillation in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction. | Inflammation and oxidative stress have been implicated in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF). Lipid-lowering drugs, particularly statins and fibrates, possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.</AbstractText>The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of lipid-lowering drug use on AF prevale... |
9,448 | Validation of the noncontact mapping system in the left atrium during permanent atrial fibrillation and sinus rhythm. | The aim of this study was to validate noncontact mapping (NCM) in the left atrium (LA) during sinus rhythm and atrial fibrillation (AF).</AbstractText>Understanding the mechanisms of AF is crucial to the development of novel and effective treatments. Noncontact mapping records global electrical activation simultaneousl... |
9,449 | Dietary fish and n-3 fatty acid intake and cardiac electrocardiographic parameters in humans. | We evaluated the association between dietary fish intake and several cardiac electrocardiographic parameters in humans relevant to arrhythmic risk.</AbstractText>Fish consumption may reduce the incidence of sudden death and atrial fibrillation, possibly related to anti-arrhythmic effects.</AbstractText>In a population-... |
9,450 | Cumulative experience of azimilide-associated torsades de pointes ventricular tachycardia in the 19 clinical studies comprising the azimilide database. | The purpose of this study was to assess the incidence, temporal characteristics, and risk factors associated with azimilide-associated torsades de pointes (TdP) ventricular tachycardia.</AbstractText>Azimilide dihydrochloride is a class III antiarrhythmic drug possessing Ikr and Iks channel-blocking properties.</Abstra... |
9,451 | Recommendations for participation in leisure-time physical activity and competitive sports in patients with arrhythmias and potentially arrhythmogenic conditions Part I: Supraventricular arrhythmias and pacemakers. | This document by the Study Group on Sports Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology extends on previous recommendations for sports participation for competitive athletes by also incorporating guidelines for those who want to perform recreational physical activity. For different supraventricular arrhythmias and ... |
9,452 | Atrial fibrillation post-cardiac surgery: changing perspectives. | Perioperative atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most frequent complications of cardiac surgery. Its development is associated with an increased morbidity and mortality, for example from perioperative stroke, as well as ventricular arrhythmias, postoperative myocardial infarction, congestive cardiac failure, renal ... |
9,453 | Assessment of T-wave alternans after acute myocardial infarction: influence of the timing of PTCA on cardiac electrical stabilization. | It is accepted that the timing of myocardial revascularization in patients undergoing PTCA for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) may improve the clinical outcome. However, its impact on microvolt T-wave alternans (TWA), a recognized tool for assessing vulnerability to ventricular tachyarrhythmias that ... |
9,454 | Adenosine concentration in great cardiac vein is increased in non-ventricular fibrillation dogs. | This study was conducted to clarify the relationship between myocardial endogenous adenosine concentration in the great cardiac vein during ischemia and reperfusion-induced ventricular fibrillation (VF) and the occurrence rate of ischemia and reperfusion-induced VF. Sixty anesthetized mongrel dogs were subjected to 10-... |
9,455 | Amiodarone therapy in patients implanted with cardioverter-defibrillator for life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. | Whether amiodarone can improve the patient's clinical outcome by reducing implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) therapy deliveries for ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation (VT/VF) has not been clearly evaluated.</AbstractText>A total of 507 patients with VT/VF due to organic heart disease who had ICDs implant... |
9,456 | Biventricular stimulation to prevent cardiac desynchronization: rationale, design, and endpoints of the 'Biventricular Pacing for Atrioventricular Block to Prevent Cardiac Desynchronization (BioPace)' study. | Despite the deleterious effects of cardiac dyssynchrony and the positive effects of cardiac resynchronization therapy, patients with high-degree atrioventricular block continue to receive desynchronizing right ventricular (RV) pacing systems. Although it is unclear whether the negative effects of RV pacing and left bun... |
9,457 | Predictors of VT/VF-occurrence in ICD patients: results from the PROFIT-Study. | Identification of risk factors for ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF) occurrence in patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICD) is reasonable, because ICD patients with multiple risk factors might benefit from more aggressive anti-arrhythmic therapy for the prevention of arrhythmic... |
9,458 | Idiopathic left ventricular aneurysm and sudden cardiac death in young adults. | We report three young patients presenting with life-threatening ventricular tachycardia (VT) or ventricular fibrillation (VF) and/or survived sudden cardiac arrest, who were admitted to our institution for further diagnostic evaluation.</AbstractText>In all patients, idiopathic left ventricular (LV) aneurysms were iden... |
9,459 | Atrial fibrillation predicts appropriate shocks in primary prevention implantable cardioverter-defibrillator patients. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) is often present in patients with left ventricular dysfunction who receive an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). The purpose of this study was to investigate whether AF is associated with appropriate shocks and cardiovascular mortality in primary prevention ICD patients with left ven... |
9,460 | Left ventricular dysfunction in atrial fibrillation: restoration of sinus rhythm by the Cox-maze procedure significantly improves systolic function and functional status. | Atrial flutter or fibrillation with rapid, uncontrolled ventricular response may lead to left ventricular dysfunction, and conversion to sinus rhythm with control of heart rate can improve left ventricular ejection fraction. Little is known about the effects of the Cox-maze procedure on this form of tachycardia-induced... |
9,461 | Stepwise approach to substrate modification of ventricular tachycardia after myocardial infarction. | Recently, substrate mapping (SM) has been described to facilitate catheter ablation of stable and unstable ventricular tachycardia (VT) after myocardial infarction. However, SM is time consuming with potential disadvantages of multiple ablation lines such as impairment of ventricular function or proarrhythmia. The aim ... |
9,462 | [Improvement of thrombocytopenia with normalization of thyroid function in a patient with Graves disease]. | A 39-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of hyperthyroidism complicated with fever, atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response and congestive heart failure. Laboratory data revealed pancytopenia with a white blood cell count of 3360/microl, Hb 9.6 g/dl, and a platelet count of 88000/ul. After ini... |
9,463 | Review of the molecular pharmacology of Losartan and its possible relevance to stroke prevention in patients with hypertension. | The Losartan Intervention For End-point reduction in hypertension (LIFE) study found that a losartan-based regimen, compared with an atenolol-based regimen, resulted in a significantly lower risk of stroke in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy, despite similar reductions in blood pressure.</Abstrac... |
9,464 | A critical re-appraisal of different ways of selecting ambulatory patients with suspected heart failure for echocardiography. | ECG and BNP have been assessed as screening tests for LVSD and heart failure. However, echocardiography also provides information about valvular disease and LVH. We assessed how good these screening tests are in identifying whether the subsequent echocardiogram will have any significant abnormality.</AbstractText>To re... |
9,465 | Near-fatal incident on routine induction of ventricular fibrillation at the replacement of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator. | The case of a 54-year-old patient with severe coronary artery disease and storms of ventricular tachyarrhythmias is presented. On the replacement of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator due to battery depletion, he suffered life-threatening complications associated with arrhythmia induction. Performing a routine i... |
9,466 | Biphasic transoesophageal vs. transthoracic electrical cardioversion of persistent atrial fibrillation. | To compare the efficacy and safety of transoesophageal (TOC) vs. transthoracic (TTC) electrical cardioversion, both with biphasic shocks, for sinus rhythm (SR) restoration in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (AF).</AbstractText>We randomised 210 patients (151 male, 59 female, mean age 66 +/- 9 years) with p... |
9,467 | [Hilbert transform analysis of the relation between ventricular fibrillation voltage and the outcome of defibrillation shocks]. | The objective of this study is to evaluate the correlation between the absolute ventricular fibrillation voltage (AVFV) computed from electrocardiogram (ECG) and the outcome of defibrillation shocks. Orthogonal ECG (sagittal, x; transverse, y; and longitudinal, z) was recorded from 11 dogs during 10 seconds of electric... |
9,468 | The protective effect of L-carnitine on ischemia-reperfusion heart. | To investigate the protective effect of L-carnitine on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat heart,all harvested isolated hearts were perfused on Langendorff apparatus with oxygenized K-H solution for 20 min. The hearts were then exposed to ischemia for 30 min. Following the ischemia the hearts were re-perfused... |
9,469 | Tetramethylpyrazine induces heme oxygenase-1 expression and attenuates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. | The accumulation of oxygen free radicals and activation of neutrophils are strongly implicated as pathophysiological mechanisms mediating myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has been reported to play a protective role in oxidative tissue injuries. In this study, the cardioprotective activity... |
9,470 | Torsades de pointes as a cause of sudden death in a patient with aortic stenosis and atrial fibrillation. | The occurrence of sudden cardiac death during Holter monitoring in patients with aortic stenosis has been reported previously. In the majority of the reported cases, the cause of death was a malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmia. The presence of a strong association between frequency and complexity of ventricular arrhy... |
9,471 | Internal cardioversion shortens periods of postoperative atrial fibrillation: results of a prospective, multicenter trial. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) commonly occurs following open heart surgery especially in the high-risk group of old patients with reduced left ventricular function. Via Syncrus heart wires implanted on the left and right atrium internal cardioversion shocks can be applied. This prospective nonrandomized multicenter study co... |
9,472 | Respiratory modulation of the autonomic nervous system during Cheyne-Stokes respiration. | Cheyne-Stokes respiration (CSR) is associated with increased mortality among patients with heart failure. However, the specific link between CSR and mortality remains unclear. One possibility is that CSR results in excitation of the sympathetic nervous system. This review relates evidence that CSR exerts acute effects ... |
9,473 | Aortic valve replacement and long-term prognosis. | We assessed the long-term risk of mortality associated with mechanical and biological aortic valve replacement (AVR).</AbstractText>We reviewed articles published during the last decade, with emphasis on large series reporting mortality data and follow up of 5 years or longer. The latest editions of textbooks on cardio... |
9,474 | Coronary vasospasm-induced acute coronary syndrome complicated by life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias in patients without hemodynamically significant coronary artery disease. | Coronary vasospasm-induced electrical and mechanical complications in patients with acute coronary syndrome and no hemodynamically significant coronary artery disease are rarely reported.</AbstractText>A total of 733 consecutive patients with acute coronary syndrome admitted to our hospital who subsequently underwent c... |
9,475 | Prognosis of decompensated heart failure patients with preserved systolic function is predicted by NT-proBNP variations during hospitalization. | Almost half of heart failure (HF) patients have preserved left ventricular systolic function (LVSF). Although morbidity is similar in patients with preserved and depressed LVSF, clinicians have limited information on prognostic factors of patients with preserved LVSF. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of NT-pro... |
9,476 | Human cardiac ryanodine receptor mutations in ion channel disorders in Japan. | Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is characterized by adrenergic induced bidirectional or polymorphic ventricular tachycardias. Some of CPVT families were reported to be associated with cardiac ryanodine receptor gene (RyR2) mutations. However, association between RyR2 and other arrhythmogeni... |
9,477 | A comparison of empiric to physician-tailored programming of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators: results from the prospective randomized multicenter EMPIRIC trial. | The purpose of this randomized study was to determine whether a strategically chosen standardized set of programmable settings is at least as effective as physician-tailored choices, as measured by the shock-related morbidity of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) therapy.</AbstractText>Programming of ventricu... |
9,478 | Disopyramide is an effective inhibitor of mutant HERG K+ channels involved in variant 1 short QT syndrome. | The recently identified idiopathic short QT syndrome (SQTS) is associated with an increased risk of arrhythmia and sudden death. The use of implantable cardioverter defibrillators helps to protect SQTS patients from ventricular fibrillation; however, pharmacological treatments to normalise the QT interval are limited: ... |
9,479 | Ventricular assistance with microaxial flow pump following mitral repair for dilated cardiomyopathy. | Postcardiotomy heart failure is still the main cause of death in patients undergoing palliative surgery for end-stage dilative cardiomyopathy. New micro-axial flow ventricular assisting devices (LVAD) have been suggested in such cases.</AbstractText>Evaluate the effect of the new LVAD on short-term outcome of a patient... |
9,480 | Multifractal analysis of ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia. | A study of ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia was undertaken using multifractal analysis. By applying the method of direct determination of the f(alpha) singularity spectrum, the value of the area of the VF and VT singularity spectrum was calculated. The comparison between the results showed that the ... |
9,481 | High mechanical efficiency of left ventricular arrhythmic contractions during atrial fibrillation. | We analyzed the frequency distribution of the left ventricular (LV) mechanical efficiency of individual arrhythmic beats during electrically induced atrial fibrillation (AF) in normal canine hearts. This efficiency is the fraction of the external mechanical work (EW) in the total mechanical energy measured by the systo... |
9,482 | Prevention of atrial fibrillation in patients with symptomatic chronic heart failure by candesartan in the Candesartan in Heart failure: Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and morbidity (CHARM) program. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) is frequent in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Experimental and small patient studies have demonstrated that blocking the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system may prevent AF. In the CHARM program, the effects of the angiotensin receptor blocker candesartan on cardiovascular mortality... |
9,483 | Catheter ablation of right ventricular outflow tract tachycardia: value of defining coronary anatomy. | Thermal damage to coronary arteries during catheter ablation has been previously reported. Coronary artery damage during LV outflow tract ventricular tachycardia is well recognized. However, the relationship of the coronary arteries to the RV outflow tract during catheter ablation has not been delineated. The purpose o... |
9,484 | Effect of an active abdominal pulse generator on defibrillation thresholds with a dual-coil, transvenous ICD lead system. | Many patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) have older lead systems, which are usually not replaced at the time of pulse generator replacement unless a malfunction is noted. Therefore, optimization of defibrillation with these lead systems is clinically important. The objective of this prospective... |
9,485 | The full stomach test as a novel diagnostic technique for identifying patients at risk of Brugada syndrome. | Autonomic modulation, particularly high vagal tone, plays an important role in the occurrence of ventricular tachyarrhythmias in the Brugada syndrome. Food intake modulates vagal activity. We assessed the usefulness of a novel diagnostic technique, the "full stomach test," for identifying a high-risk group in patients ... |
9,486 | Risk stratification of individuals with the Brugada electrocardiogram: a meta-analysis. | We performed a meta-analysis of prognostic studies of patients with a Brugada ECG to assess predictors of events.</AbstractText>The Brugada syndrome is an increasingly recognized cause of idiopathic ventricular fibrillation; however, there is wide variation in the prognosis of patients with the Brugada ECG.</AbstractTe... |
9,487 | Role of the posterior papillary muscle and purkinje potentials in the mechanism of ventricular fibrillation in open chest dogs and Swine: effects of catheter ablation. | Papillary muscle (PM) ablation may terminate ventricular fibrillation (VF) in rabbit hearts. Whether or not PM ablation prevents ventricular fibrillation (VF) induction in large animals is unknown.</AbstractText>We performed noncontact endocardial mapping and/or high-density epicardial mapping during VF in 12 dogs and ... |
9,488 | Simultaneous atrial and ventricular anti-tachycardia pacing as a novel method of rhythm discrimination. | To evaluate a new discrimination algorithm for supraventricular (SVT) and ventricular (VT) tachycardias, based on the response to simultaneous (A+V) atrial (A) and ventricular (V) anti-tachycardia pacing (ATP).</AbstractText>Patients undergoing electrophysiological testing or dual-chamber implantable cardioverter-defib... |
9,489 | Binding site of a novel Kv1.5 blocker: a "foot in the door" against atrial fibrillation. | Kv1.5 channel blockers prolong atrial action potentials and may prevent atrial flutter or fibrillation without affecting ventricular repolarization. Here we characterize the mechanisms of action of 2'-{[2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-acetylamino]-methyl}-biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid (2-pyridin-3-yl-ethyl)-amide (AVE0118) on Kv1.5 ... |
9,490 | Prevalence, clinical profile, and significance of left ventricular remodeling in the end-stage phase of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. | End stage (ES) is a recognized part of the hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) disease spectrum. Frequency, clinical profile and course, and treatment strategies in these patients remain incompletely defined.</AbstractText>Three HCM cohorts comprised 1259 patients, including 44 (3.5%) characterized as ES with systolic dy... |
9,491 | Post-resuscitation reperfusion injury: comparison of periodic Gz acceleration versus Thumper CPR. | The effects of whole body, periodic acceleration (pGz) on cardiopulmonary resuscitation outcome, organ blood flow and tissue inflammatory injury were examined in an experimental pig model, and compared with Thumper (TH)-CPR. VF was induced in 16 pigs, and remained untreated for 3 min, followed by either pGz-CPR or TH-C... |
9,492 | Effects of right ventricular pacing on intra-left ventricular electromechanical activation in patients with native narrow QRS. | Some patients with right ventricular (RV) apical pacing show contractile asynchrony of the left ventricle. Whether the asynchrony is due to RV pacing or was a preexistimg condition remains unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate how much pacing from the RV apex affects left ventricular (LV) electromechanical act... |
9,493 | Diagnostic accuracy of irregularly irregular RR intervals in separating atrial fibrillation from atrial flutter. | Periodic electrocardiographic RR intervals are often used to separate atrial flutter (AFl) from atrial fibrillation (AF), but have not yet been validated. We hypothesized that irregularly irregular electrocardiographic RR intervals poorly identify AF from AFl, and that atrial wavefront regularity affects variability in... |
9,494 | NO-synthase inhibitors provide influence on protective effect of modified endotoxine diphosphoryl lipid A in a rat heart model of ischemic-reperfusion injury. | The present study was designed to assess whether a protective effect of the modified diphosphoryl lipid A (modLA) against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in rats can be related to the mechanism involving inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Pre-treatment with modLA significantly reduced the duration of ... |
9,495 | The 12-lead electrocardiogram as a predictive tool of mortality after acute myocardial infarction: current status in an era of revascularization and reperfusion. | Many recently published studies established the admission electrocardiogram as an excellent source of prognostic information in patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction. Using our search criteria, we identified a large number of articles but selected only the most relevant in each category. The best predict... |
9,496 | A case report of emergency off-pump CABG in an aged patient with ACS renewing ventricular fibrillation. | An emergency off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) was performed successfully in an aged patient with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The patient, an 80-year-old woman residing in a nursing home, suddenly lost consciousness during lunch. The electrocardiogram (ECG) showed ventricular fibrillation (Vf) but defibrillati... |
9,497 | Decrease in amplitude of intracardiac ventricular electrogram and inappropriate therapy in patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator. | Intracardiac electrograms are important for discrimination of tachyarrhythmia by implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD). A low R-wave can cause not only undersensing of ventricular tachyarrhythmia but also inappropriate discharges due to oversensing of unexpected signals because of its characteristic sensing alg... |
9,498 | Atrial strain rate echocardiography can predict success or failure of cardioversion for atrial fibrillation: a combined transthoracic tissue Doppler and transoesophageal imaging study. | The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of measuring left atrial dysfunction with tissue Doppler imaging derived strain rate and to explore its role in predicting the maintenance of sinus rhythm after cardioversion for atrial fibrillation.</AbstractText>Strain rate (SR) and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) ... |
9,499 | Up-regulated inflammatory factors endothelin, NFkappaB, TNFalpha and iNOS involved in exaggerated cardiac arrhythmias in l-thyroxine-induced cardiomyopathy are suppressed by darusentan in rats. | The exaggerated cardiac arrhythmias in cardiomyopathy induced by L-thyroxine treatment are related to ion channelopathies and to an abnormal endothelin (ET) pathway. It was hypothesized that an increased incidence of ventricular fibrillation (VF) could be mediated by inflammatory factors including the ET pathway, nucle... |
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