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930 | The following stanza is from Robert Frost's *Into My Own*:
>
> One of my wishes is that those dark trees,
>
> So old and firm they scarcely show the breeze,
>
> Were not, as ’twere, the merest mask of gloom,
>
> But stretched away unto the **edge of doom**.
>
>
>
(Emphasis mine.)
I am guessing that the "edge of doom" is referring to the end of time -- as in, The trees are stretching into the end of time and space. Is this reading correct? Where does the phrase the "edge of doom" come from? At first when I read it, I thought that the "edge of doom" was a dark reference (similar to "mask of gloom"), but it seems to be closer to a wedding vow, such as "Our marriage will last unto the edge of doom". | 2017/01/25 | [
"https://literature.stackexchange.com/questions/930",
"https://literature.stackexchange.com",
"https://literature.stackexchange.com/users/286/"
] | In Sonnet 116 of Shakespeare, we also find the phrase "the edge of doom":
>
> Love's not Time's fool, though rosy lips and cheeks
>
> Within his bending sickle's compass come;
>
> Love alters not with his brief hours and weeks,
>
> But bears it out even to **the edge of doom**.
>
>
>
Indeed, it suggests "the end of time", since according to the sonnet, love could not be altered by hours or weeks (weight of time), nevertheless Love will remain and bear the time out until the end of time and space. | The phrase “the edge of doom” comes from Shakespeare’s [sonnet 116](https://archive.org/details/shakespearesson01shakgoog/page/n108/mode/2up):
>
> Loue alters not with his breefe houres and weekes,
>
> But beares it out euen to the edge of doome
>
>
>
“Doom” means “fate” or “judgement” and here it is being used with the meaning:
>
> **Doom, *n.*, 6.** The last or great Judgement at the end of the world
>
>
> *Oxford English Dictionary*
>
>
>
So that “to the edge of doom” means “until the end of the world”.
In the context of ‘[Into My Own](https://www.bartleby.com/117/1.html)’ the phrase turns the dimension of space (the trees stretching away into the distance) into a metaphor for the passage of time until the end of the world, and the speaker’s journey through the trees into a metaphor for his life and poetic career. And just as the speaker in Shakespeare’s sonnet says that true love never alters, so the speaker in ‘Into My Own’ says that *he* will never alter:
>
> They would not find me changed from him they knew—
>
> Only more sure of all I thought was true.
>
>
>
One way to read this is that the speaker is determined to stick to his own style of writing poetry, regardless of the judgement or “doom” of his critics. |
11,554 | In the Shalya Parva of the Mahabharata, right before Bhima's famous mace battle with Duryodhana, Krishna tells Arjuna that Bhima should fight unfairly, as that's the only way to defeat Duryodhana. He [tells](http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m09/m09058.htm) Arjuna that even the gods have resorted to deception in fighting against the Asuras:
>
> If he were to fight fairly, Bhimasena will never succeed in winning the victory. If, however, he fights unfairly he will be surely able to slay Duryodhana. The Asuras were vanquished by the gods with the aid of deception. **We have heard this. Virochana was vanquished by Shakra with the aid of deception.** The slayer of Vala deprived Vritra of his energy by an act of deception. Therefore, let Bhimasena put forth his prowess, aided by deception! At the time of the gambling, O Dhananjaya, Bhima vowed to break the thighs of Suyodhana with his mace in battle. Let this crusher of foes, therefore, accomplish that vow of his.
>
>
>
I'm familiar with how Indra used deception to defeat the demon Vritrasura, but my question is, how did Indra use deception to defeat Virochana?
For those who don't know, Virochana was the son of Prahlada, the one by Vishnu's incarnation Narasimha, and the father of Mahabali, the one defeated by Vishnu's incarnation Vamana. My understanding is that good and evil alternated in that lineage: Hiranyakashipu was evil, Prahlada was good, Virochana was evil, Mahabali was good, Bana was evil, etc. But the only story involving Indra and Virochana I know in Hindu scripture is the one found in the Chandogya Upanishad, but as I discuss in [this question](https://hinduism.stackexchange.com/q/8221/36) that story just involves Brahma imparting knowledge to both Indra and Virochana, with Indra correctly interpreting the lesson and Virochana misinterpreting it.
In any case, I wouldn't put it past Indra to engage in deception against Virochana; Indra lists various acts of deception in [this chapter](http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/sbe01/sbe01241.htm) of the Kaushitaki Upanishad:
>
> Know me only; that is what I deem most beneficial for man, that he should know me. I slew the three-headed son of Tvashtri; I delivered the Arunmukhas, the devotees, to the wolves (sâlâvrika); **breaking many treaties, I killed the people of Prahlâda in heaven, the people of Puloma in the sky, the people of Kâlakañga on earth**. And not one hair of me was harmed there.
>
>
>
I discuss in [this answer](https://hinduism.stackexchange.com/a/7330/36) how Indra used deception to retake Devaloka from Prahlada. But does anyone know any scriptures that describe Indra using deception to defeat Prahlada's son Virochana? | 2016/04/21 | [
"https://hinduism.stackexchange.com/questions/11554",
"https://hinduism.stackexchange.com",
"https://hinduism.stackexchange.com/users/36/"
] | I found the answer to my question in [this chapter](http://www.hinduscriptures.in/Content/Articles/PDFs/25345/44f_chapter_18_3.pdf) of the Kedara Kanda of the Skanda Purana. Virochana, like his future son Mahabali, is extremely generous, so Indra approaches him in the form of an old Brahmana beggar and asks him for a gift. Virochana says that he's willing to give anything to the Brahmana, whether it's his head, his kingdom, or anything else. So Indra actually asks for his head! Without hesitation, Virochana cuts off his own head:
>
> Shakra once went to Virochana, the lord of the Daityas, in the guise of a Brahmana beggar. He was desirous of killing him. After reaching Virochana's abode, Indra spoke these words on assuming the guise an old Brahmana. "O king of good holy rites, O lord of Daityas, you are the (most celebrated) learned man and donor in the three worlds. Give me (what I am going to ask). Standing in the midst of assemblies, O king of excellent fortune, Brahmanas extol your wonderful life-story and spotless fame. I am a beggar, O lord of Daityas of good holy rites; it behooves you to give me (what I beg)."
>
>
> On hearing his words, the lord of Daityas spoke these words: "O holy lord, what should be given (to you). Tell me quickly." Indra in the form of a Brahmans spoke to Virochana: "It is a humiliating thing, yet I beg of you. Whatever is highly pleasing and dear to you, should be given to me. There is no doubt about it." The Asura, the son of Prahlada, laughingly spoke these words: "If you desire, O Brahmana, I shall give you my own head. Even this kingdom (I shall give) without any strain. This glory and prosperity shall not go to others. I shall undoubtedly offer everything to you."
>
>
> On being told thus by the Daitya, Indra pondered over it and said: "Give me your own head adorned with the crown." When these words were spoken by Shakra in the form of a Brahmana, the Asura, the son of Prahlada, joyously hurried up and cut off his own head with his own hand and gave it to Mahendra. The virtuous action performed by Prahlada previously was (of course) very difficult to do, but by resorting to Bhakti (devotion) alone of Vishnu, it was done by him with his mind devoted to him. There is nothing greater than a charitable gift anywhere.... That charitable gifts of Virochana became well-known in all the three worlds. Even today poets sing about (the charitable gifts) of the noble-souled king of Daityas.
>
>
>
By the way, this is similar in some ways to the story of how Indra retook Devaloka from Virochana's father Prahlada. As I discuss in [this answer](https://hinduism.stackexchange.com/a/7330/36), Indra disguised himself as a Brahmana and approached Prahlada, asking him how he managed to conquer the three worlds. Prahlada explained that it was because of his virtuous behavior, and he described his behavior in detail. Prahlada was impressed that the Brahmana had patiently listened to him, so he offered him a boon. Indra asked Prahlada to give him his good behavior. Prahlada agreed, and his good behavior left him in the form of a god. After that, gods associated with righteousness, truth, good deeds, might, and prosperity all left Prahlada and entered Indra. Thus the rule of the three worlds was restored to Indra and the gods. See [this chapter](http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m12/m12a123.htm) of the Shanti Parva of the Mahabharata for more details.
So history repeats itself! | From what I remember from seeing on Vishnu Puran teleserial, Virochana knows about the threat to his life by Indra. He is advised to pray to Lord Surya for a crown that grants immortality to anyone who wears it. He obtains it after penance and Indra becomes even more insecure of this. Perhaps either on a pilgrimage or hunting trip he visits a hermitage where Indra is disguised as a Brahman. When Virochana sleeps , he takes off the crown , where Indra literally burns him to ashes so Shukracharya can't even resuscitate him . That's what I remember from the episode. |
225,324 | Why do they (e.g. characters in american movies) say "he's with the FBI" or "she's with O.I.A" instead of for instance "he's from the FBI" or simply "he works for the FBI"? Is the expression "be with " used in any other contexts? | 2015/02/03 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/225324",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/77154/"
] | Because it sounds scarier.
If someone's from the FBI, the FBI is somewhere else and I'm talking to an employee who's been sent here.
But if someone's *with* the FBI, the FBI are *here*! They're talking to me right now! | The FBI is a force to be reckoned with. They are rarely alone, and where there is one, there are usually several more very close nearby. Each operation is backed by the force as a whole. That is probably why the term is "with the FBI" and not "from the FBI". |
225,324 | Why do they (e.g. characters in american movies) say "he's with the FBI" or "she's with O.I.A" instead of for instance "he's from the FBI" or simply "he works for the FBI"? Is the expression "be with " used in any other contexts? | 2015/02/03 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/225324",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/77154/"
] | The word "with" carries connotations of unity, whereas "works for" implies a subordinate position. The word "of" carries only the connotation of "part of" (or sometimes "from") and does not imply authority; neither does "works for." Thus, use of the word "with" implies all the authority of the object.
In context, we can look at the following sentences and their resulting weight of authority:
1. I work for the United States Government. This could mean I'm a census taker, or a soldier, or a mail carrier. The denotation of the word "work" is clear and limited.
2. I am of the United States Government. This sentence is uneven and makes no sense in common use.
3. I am with the United States Government. The use of the word "with" does not imply that the subject IS the United States Government, but does broadly hint that the subject has access to or the ability to utilize the authority and/or power of the subject. | Because it sounds scarier.
If someone's from the FBI, the FBI is somewhere else and I'm talking to an employee who's been sent here.
But if someone's *with* the FBI, the FBI are *here*! They're talking to me right now! |
225,324 | Why do they (e.g. characters in american movies) say "he's with the FBI" or "she's with O.I.A" instead of for instance "he's from the FBI" or simply "he works for the FBI"? Is the expression "be with " used in any other contexts? | 2015/02/03 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/225324",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/77154/"
] | The word "with" carries connotations of unity, whereas "works for" implies a subordinate position. The word "of" carries only the connotation of "part of" (or sometimes "from") and does not imply authority; neither does "works for." Thus, use of the word "with" implies all the authority of the object.
In context, we can look at the following sentences and their resulting weight of authority:
1. I work for the United States Government. This could mean I'm a census taker, or a soldier, or a mail carrier. The denotation of the word "work" is clear and limited.
2. I am of the United States Government. This sentence is uneven and makes no sense in common use.
3. I am with the United States Government. The use of the word "with" does not imply that the subject IS the United States Government, but does broadly hint that the subject has access to or the ability to utilize the authority and/or power of the subject. | The FBI is a force to be reckoned with. They are rarely alone, and where there is one, there are usually several more very close nearby. Each operation is backed by the force as a whole. That is probably why the term is "with the FBI" and not "from the FBI". |
220,708 | In chrome (chromium running on Ubuntu 10.04 specifically) is there a way to open all bookmarks in a bookmark folder, each in their own new window? I realize that I could just open them all in tabs, then drag each to its own window, but I'd rather not do that extra step for each window. Is this possible?
**Update:**
Note, this is different from "open all bookmarks in tabs of a new window" which is what "open tabs in a new window" does. | 2010/12/10 | [
"https://superuser.com/questions/220708",
"https://superuser.com",
"https://superuser.com/users/16133/"
] | 1. Just install the extension [New Tab, New Window](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/new-tab-new-window/dndlcbaomdoggooaficldplkcmkfpgff) *(opens all new tabs as new windows)*,
2. Then middle click the bookmark folder *(to open all contained bookmarks)*.
--
Leave the extension disabled for normal tab behavior. Simply enable it when opening bookmarks folder.
If you want a quick & easy way to enable/disable the extension, use [Extensity](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/extensity/jjmflmamggggndanpgfnpelongoepncg) *(adds a quick toggle button for extensions)*. | Right click on one of the folders in your bookmark bar. You will notice 3 options:
Open all bookmarks
Open all bookmarks in new window
Open all bookmarks in incognito window |
90,380 | Bats and Whales, and some monsters like the Hook Horror, have blindsight based on hearing. You can tell it's based on hearing because they also have the Echolocation trait that says their blindsight does not work if they are deafened. For the purpose of this discussion, please assume a totally dark environment.
Beyond the range of their blindsight, these creatures can use their mundane hearing to detect other creatures, and they can benefit from Keen Hearing, giving them advantage on Perception checks that rely on hearing. Within range of their blindsight, what changes? Do they still benefit from Keen Hearing? And how does blindsight change what they can perceive over and above mundane hearing?
In particular, to what extent can they pinpoint the exact position of creatures within and outside the range of their blindsight? | 2016/11/14 | [
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/questions/90380",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/users/32368/"
] | RAW, Keen Hearing and Blindsight do not in any way work together or "stack". They are both used completely independently of each other. It does not require there to be "a completely dark room" to interpret the rules:
* Within the range of the blindsight the creature can use blindsight to "see" and and can use wis(per) rolls with advantage from the Keen Hearing just the same as any other creature with Keen Hearing (e.g. attempting to hear whispers well enough to understand what is being said)
* Outside the range of the blindsight the creature has no benefit from blindsight and can use wis(per) rolls with advantage just the same as any other creature with Keen Hearing (e.g. attempting to hear if anything is stealthily approaching)
The other senses of the creature operate as usual for the circumstances. | **Within the Blindsight**: They act as normal, as if they see the target. If the target is blinded (by the darkness) they get advantage on their attacks.
**Outside the Blindsight**: They are Blinded.
>
> * A blinded creature can't see and automatically fails any ability
> check that requires sight.
> * Attack rolls against the creature have
> advantage, and the creature's attack rolls have disadvantage.
>
>
>
This however depends on the creature pinpointing the correct position and as far as I know there is no clear rules on how to do that - although a Wisdom(Perception) roll with advantage from Keen Hearing seems reasonable against a suitable difficulty.
It is also debatable if the creature grant advantage against projectiles as they need to pass through its blindsight radius before striking, but it seems RAW this is the case. |
90,380 | Bats and Whales, and some monsters like the Hook Horror, have blindsight based on hearing. You can tell it's based on hearing because they also have the Echolocation trait that says their blindsight does not work if they are deafened. For the purpose of this discussion, please assume a totally dark environment.
Beyond the range of their blindsight, these creatures can use their mundane hearing to detect other creatures, and they can benefit from Keen Hearing, giving them advantage on Perception checks that rely on hearing. Within range of their blindsight, what changes? Do they still benefit from Keen Hearing? And how does blindsight change what they can perceive over and above mundane hearing?
In particular, to what extent can they pinpoint the exact position of creatures within and outside the range of their blindsight? | 2016/11/14 | [
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/questions/90380",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/users/32368/"
] | **Within the Blindsight**: They act as normal, as if they see the target. If the target is blinded (by the darkness) they get advantage on their attacks.
**Outside the Blindsight**: They are Blinded.
>
> * A blinded creature can't see and automatically fails any ability
> check that requires sight.
> * Attack rolls against the creature have
> advantage, and the creature's attack rolls have disadvantage.
>
>
>
This however depends on the creature pinpointing the correct position and as far as I know there is no clear rules on how to do that - although a Wisdom(Perception) roll with advantage from Keen Hearing seems reasonable against a suitable difficulty.
It is also debatable if the creature grant advantage against projectiles as they need to pass through its blindsight radius before striking, but it seems RAW this is the case. | If the creature they want to target is outside their blindsight range and *not* hidden, they can target them with disadvantage from being blinded. This is not something particular to Keen Hearing, anyone can do this.
You appear to be making a mistake in thinking that if a creature cannot be seen then the default state is their location is unknown - in fact the default is the opposite: the location of a creature is known *unless* they are hiding. See [What advantages does hiding have?](https://rpg.stackexchange.com/questions/63441/what-advantages-does-hiding-have/63453#63453)
If they are hiding then Keen Hearing allows advantage on the Wisdom (Perception) check to beat their Dexterity (Stealth) check. Normally, this is passive versus active so advantage gives a +5 but if the perceiver wants to spend an action they can make an active check. |
90,380 | Bats and Whales, and some monsters like the Hook Horror, have blindsight based on hearing. You can tell it's based on hearing because they also have the Echolocation trait that says their blindsight does not work if they are deafened. For the purpose of this discussion, please assume a totally dark environment.
Beyond the range of their blindsight, these creatures can use their mundane hearing to detect other creatures, and they can benefit from Keen Hearing, giving them advantage on Perception checks that rely on hearing. Within range of their blindsight, what changes? Do they still benefit from Keen Hearing? And how does blindsight change what they can perceive over and above mundane hearing?
In particular, to what extent can they pinpoint the exact position of creatures within and outside the range of their blindsight? | 2016/11/14 | [
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/questions/90380",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/users/32368/"
] | RAW, Keen Hearing and Blindsight do not in any way work together or "stack". They are both used completely independently of each other. It does not require there to be "a completely dark room" to interpret the rules:
* Within the range of the blindsight the creature can use blindsight to "see" and and can use wis(per) rolls with advantage from the Keen Hearing just the same as any other creature with Keen Hearing (e.g. attempting to hear whispers well enough to understand what is being said)
* Outside the range of the blindsight the creature has no benefit from blindsight and can use wis(per) rolls with advantage just the same as any other creature with Keen Hearing (e.g. attempting to hear if anything is stealthily approaching)
The other senses of the creature operate as usual for the circumstances. | If the creature they want to target is outside their blindsight range and *not* hidden, they can target them with disadvantage from being blinded. This is not something particular to Keen Hearing, anyone can do this.
You appear to be making a mistake in thinking that if a creature cannot be seen then the default state is their location is unknown - in fact the default is the opposite: the location of a creature is known *unless* they are hiding. See [What advantages does hiding have?](https://rpg.stackexchange.com/questions/63441/what-advantages-does-hiding-have/63453#63453)
If they are hiding then Keen Hearing allows advantage on the Wisdom (Perception) check to beat their Dexterity (Stealth) check. Normally, this is passive versus active so advantage gives a +5 but if the perceiver wants to spend an action they can make an active check. |
106,335 | Rather than show a confirmation dialogue when someone wants to archive a project (each row in the animation is a 'project'), I've decided to immediately archive, with the option to undo.
My question is, should this row disappear after a certain time? Or should it persist until the user visits another screen?
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/gxZEf.gif) | 2017/03/27 | [
"https://ux.stackexchange.com/questions/106335",
"https://ux.stackexchange.com",
"https://ux.stackexchange.com/users/98975/"
] | I would lean towards suggesting that it should remain until the user leaves the page, or refreshes. It feels like it doesn't detract by having it there after the user performs the 'archive' action.
I'm making the assumption that the user wants to archive the project, rather than 'clean up' the list of projects - if this assumption is incorrect, perhaps a 'clear this message' option might be a good addition? | I suggest you keep the item in the list, with a notice it is archived and a button to Undo, but occupying the same height it has right now and modifying the item rather than adding an extra line. This way the user can:
* archive several projects
* decide to Undo any of those without having to change multiple times of screen
* keep the layout with the same height
* have the archived item with a different style (because right now archived/non-archived items look the same)
>
> **Project 1**
>
>
> Project 2 archived. **Undo**
>
>
> **Project 3**
>
>
> **Project 4**
>
>
> |
106,335 | Rather than show a confirmation dialogue when someone wants to archive a project (each row in the animation is a 'project'), I've decided to immediately archive, with the option to undo.
My question is, should this row disappear after a certain time? Or should it persist until the user visits another screen?
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/gxZEf.gif) | 2017/03/27 | [
"https://ux.stackexchange.com/questions/106335",
"https://ux.stackexchange.com",
"https://ux.stackexchange.com/users/98975/"
] | I would lean towards suggesting that it should remain until the user leaves the page, or refreshes. It feels like it doesn't detract by having it there after the user performs the 'archive' action.
I'm making the assumption that the user wants to archive the project, rather than 'clean up' the list of projects - if this assumption is incorrect, perhaps a 'clear this message' option might be a good addition? | Based on the following :
* **Consistency**. Keep the message always in the same possition. Also, this kind of modelles feedback is usually located on the top (see gmail).
* **Relevancy**. The message should be visible only for as long it is relevant, otherwise it is noise to the user. It will not be relevant when the user switches to another task.
I recommend :
Display the message always on the top of the block. Hide the message after 20 seconds or when the user performs another action (change screen, select another item etc). |
106,335 | Rather than show a confirmation dialogue when someone wants to archive a project (each row in the animation is a 'project'), I've decided to immediately archive, with the option to undo.
My question is, should this row disappear after a certain time? Or should it persist until the user visits another screen?
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/gxZEf.gif) | 2017/03/27 | [
"https://ux.stackexchange.com/questions/106335",
"https://ux.stackexchange.com",
"https://ux.stackexchange.com/users/98975/"
] | I would lean towards suggesting that it should remain until the user leaves the page, or refreshes. It feels like it doesn't detract by having it there after the user performs the 'archive' action.
I'm making the assumption that the user wants to archive the project, rather than 'clean up' the list of projects - if this assumption is incorrect, perhaps a 'clear this message' option might be a good addition? | I think that choosing when to remove a deleted item from view depends heavily on four things:
* **Impactfulness** - Is the impact of the action high or low - are the consequences significant or trivial?
* **Immediacy** - if it's *impactful*, is a user likely to *realise* they've made a mistake in taking this action straight away, or later on, when they've navigated away?
* **Frequency** - Is it likely that the user will be moving down the screen clicking delete on many, many rows or just picking one out to remove?
* **Next Intent** - What will the user be doing once they've deleted the row, and will the presence of residual content be in the way?
How do those affect things?
---------------------------
If it's *impactful*, then the residual undo message you suggest is helpful. But if they are going to be deleting many rows then multiple undo messages are likely to be unhelpful and intrusive. Especially if the *next intent* required the screen space that they expected deleting rows to provide.
If it's *not impactful*, then the residual undo message is just a requirement for an extra click before they can get their screen space back and get more rows they *do* care about back into view.
If it's *immediate*, then the residual undo message is helpful for a short time, and then just intrusive. In that situation, it could probably be displayed briefly (as a confirmation of the user's action) and then deleted. I'd suggest a very brief CSS animation (I'd go with .3 seconds as an upper limit) to shrink the height of the row to nothing and then remove it, rather than just deleting it - this allows the user to more easily track what's happening in the change and not lose their position with a sudden jump.
If it's a frequent action, and they'll be deleting (for example) 50 rows out of 80, then they probably don't want 50 residual undo messages - especially if they can't tell them apart. In that situation, they almost certainly want them to just go away - all at once and quite possibly without making subsequent items on the screen move around in unexpected or hard-to-follow ways. If mass actions like this are likely then you might want to consider a different way to handle them than per-row actions.
If their *next intent* is to move to the next item in the list and do something with that, then changing positions on the screen is likely to annoy... but if their *next intent* is to do a different task then it's not an issue.
Summing up
----------
So, all in all - you have quite a lot of different options for how to move forward, many of which depend on the balance of those four factors.
Ultimately, to get a good answer to this question, you'd need to spend a reasonable amount of time working out the balance that's appropriate for the work you are doing.
If you want a course of action that will help you find that balance, I'd suggest using some clickable mockups (or some other easily-disposable prototype) and running some user tests and/or interviews to find that balance rather than guessing or assuming. |
106,335 | Rather than show a confirmation dialogue when someone wants to archive a project (each row in the animation is a 'project'), I've decided to immediately archive, with the option to undo.
My question is, should this row disappear after a certain time? Or should it persist until the user visits another screen?
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/gxZEf.gif) | 2017/03/27 | [
"https://ux.stackexchange.com/questions/106335",
"https://ux.stackexchange.com",
"https://ux.stackexchange.com/users/98975/"
] | I suggest you keep the item in the list, with a notice it is archived and a button to Undo, but occupying the same height it has right now and modifying the item rather than adding an extra line. This way the user can:
* archive several projects
* decide to Undo any of those without having to change multiple times of screen
* keep the layout with the same height
* have the archived item with a different style (because right now archived/non-archived items look the same)
>
> **Project 1**
>
>
> Project 2 archived. **Undo**
>
>
> **Project 3**
>
>
> **Project 4**
>
>
> | Based on the following :
* **Consistency**. Keep the message always in the same possition. Also, this kind of modelles feedback is usually located on the top (see gmail).
* **Relevancy**. The message should be visible only for as long it is relevant, otherwise it is noise to the user. It will not be relevant when the user switches to another task.
I recommend :
Display the message always on the top of the block. Hide the message after 20 seconds or when the user performs another action (change screen, select another item etc). |
106,335 | Rather than show a confirmation dialogue when someone wants to archive a project (each row in the animation is a 'project'), I've decided to immediately archive, with the option to undo.
My question is, should this row disappear after a certain time? Or should it persist until the user visits another screen?
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/gxZEf.gif) | 2017/03/27 | [
"https://ux.stackexchange.com/questions/106335",
"https://ux.stackexchange.com",
"https://ux.stackexchange.com/users/98975/"
] | I think that choosing when to remove a deleted item from view depends heavily on four things:
* **Impactfulness** - Is the impact of the action high or low - are the consequences significant or trivial?
* **Immediacy** - if it's *impactful*, is a user likely to *realise* they've made a mistake in taking this action straight away, or later on, when they've navigated away?
* **Frequency** - Is it likely that the user will be moving down the screen clicking delete on many, many rows or just picking one out to remove?
* **Next Intent** - What will the user be doing once they've deleted the row, and will the presence of residual content be in the way?
How do those affect things?
---------------------------
If it's *impactful*, then the residual undo message you suggest is helpful. But if they are going to be deleting many rows then multiple undo messages are likely to be unhelpful and intrusive. Especially if the *next intent* required the screen space that they expected deleting rows to provide.
If it's *not impactful*, then the residual undo message is just a requirement for an extra click before they can get their screen space back and get more rows they *do* care about back into view.
If it's *immediate*, then the residual undo message is helpful for a short time, and then just intrusive. In that situation, it could probably be displayed briefly (as a confirmation of the user's action) and then deleted. I'd suggest a very brief CSS animation (I'd go with .3 seconds as an upper limit) to shrink the height of the row to nothing and then remove it, rather than just deleting it - this allows the user to more easily track what's happening in the change and not lose their position with a sudden jump.
If it's a frequent action, and they'll be deleting (for example) 50 rows out of 80, then they probably don't want 50 residual undo messages - especially if they can't tell them apart. In that situation, they almost certainly want them to just go away - all at once and quite possibly without making subsequent items on the screen move around in unexpected or hard-to-follow ways. If mass actions like this are likely then you might want to consider a different way to handle them than per-row actions.
If their *next intent* is to move to the next item in the list and do something with that, then changing positions on the screen is likely to annoy... but if their *next intent* is to do a different task then it's not an issue.
Summing up
----------
So, all in all - you have quite a lot of different options for how to move forward, many of which depend on the balance of those four factors.
Ultimately, to get a good answer to this question, you'd need to spend a reasonable amount of time working out the balance that's appropriate for the work you are doing.
If you want a course of action that will help you find that balance, I'd suggest using some clickable mockups (or some other easily-disposable prototype) and running some user tests and/or interviews to find that balance rather than guessing or assuming. | I suggest you keep the item in the list, with a notice it is archived and a button to Undo, but occupying the same height it has right now and modifying the item rather than adding an extra line. This way the user can:
* archive several projects
* decide to Undo any of those without having to change multiple times of screen
* keep the layout with the same height
* have the archived item with a different style (because right now archived/non-archived items look the same)
>
> **Project 1**
>
>
> Project 2 archived. **Undo**
>
>
> **Project 3**
>
>
> **Project 4**
>
>
> |
106,335 | Rather than show a confirmation dialogue when someone wants to archive a project (each row in the animation is a 'project'), I've decided to immediately archive, with the option to undo.
My question is, should this row disappear after a certain time? Or should it persist until the user visits another screen?
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/gxZEf.gif) | 2017/03/27 | [
"https://ux.stackexchange.com/questions/106335",
"https://ux.stackexchange.com",
"https://ux.stackexchange.com/users/98975/"
] | I think that choosing when to remove a deleted item from view depends heavily on four things:
* **Impactfulness** - Is the impact of the action high or low - are the consequences significant or trivial?
* **Immediacy** - if it's *impactful*, is a user likely to *realise* they've made a mistake in taking this action straight away, or later on, when they've navigated away?
* **Frequency** - Is it likely that the user will be moving down the screen clicking delete on many, many rows or just picking one out to remove?
* **Next Intent** - What will the user be doing once they've deleted the row, and will the presence of residual content be in the way?
How do those affect things?
---------------------------
If it's *impactful*, then the residual undo message you suggest is helpful. But if they are going to be deleting many rows then multiple undo messages are likely to be unhelpful and intrusive. Especially if the *next intent* required the screen space that they expected deleting rows to provide.
If it's *not impactful*, then the residual undo message is just a requirement for an extra click before they can get their screen space back and get more rows they *do* care about back into view.
If it's *immediate*, then the residual undo message is helpful for a short time, and then just intrusive. In that situation, it could probably be displayed briefly (as a confirmation of the user's action) and then deleted. I'd suggest a very brief CSS animation (I'd go with .3 seconds as an upper limit) to shrink the height of the row to nothing and then remove it, rather than just deleting it - this allows the user to more easily track what's happening in the change and not lose their position with a sudden jump.
If it's a frequent action, and they'll be deleting (for example) 50 rows out of 80, then they probably don't want 50 residual undo messages - especially if they can't tell them apart. In that situation, they almost certainly want them to just go away - all at once and quite possibly without making subsequent items on the screen move around in unexpected or hard-to-follow ways. If mass actions like this are likely then you might want to consider a different way to handle them than per-row actions.
If their *next intent* is to move to the next item in the list and do something with that, then changing positions on the screen is likely to annoy... but if their *next intent* is to do a different task then it's not an issue.
Summing up
----------
So, all in all - you have quite a lot of different options for how to move forward, many of which depend on the balance of those four factors.
Ultimately, to get a good answer to this question, you'd need to spend a reasonable amount of time working out the balance that's appropriate for the work you are doing.
If you want a course of action that will help you find that balance, I'd suggest using some clickable mockups (or some other easily-disposable prototype) and running some user tests and/or interviews to find that balance rather than guessing or assuming. | Based on the following :
* **Consistency**. Keep the message always in the same possition. Also, this kind of modelles feedback is usually located on the top (see gmail).
* **Relevancy**. The message should be visible only for as long it is relevant, otherwise it is noise to the user. It will not be relevant when the user switches to another task.
I recommend :
Display the message always on the top of the block. Hide the message after 20 seconds or when the user performs another action (change screen, select another item etc). |
2,690,656 | I am developing a game in VB6 (plz don't ask me why :) ).
The storyboard is ready and a rough implementation is underway.
I am following a "pure-software-rendering" approach. (i.e. no DirectX, no openGL etc.)
Amongst many others, the following **"serious"** problems exist:
* **2D alpha transparency** reqd. to implement overlays.
* **Parallax implementation** to give depth-of-field illusion.
* **Capturing mouse-scroll** events globally (as in FPS-es; mapping them to changing weapon).
* **Async sound play** with absolute "near-zero-lag".
---
Any ideas anyone. Please suggest any well documented **library/ocx** or **sample-code**.
Plz do suggest solutions with good performance and as little overhead as possible.
Also, anyone who has developed any games,
and would be open to sharing her/his code would be highly appreciated.
(any well-acknowledged VB games whose source-code i can study??)
---
**UPDATE:** Here is a screen shot of **[GearHead Garage](http://www.gearheadgarage.com/)**.
This picture ought to describe what i was attempting in words above... :)
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/2Ialk.gif)
(source: [softwarepod.com](http://screenshots.softwarepod.com/9518/screenshot.gif)) | 2010/04/22 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/2690656",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/319204/"
] | [EGL25](https://www.planet-source-code.com/vb/scripts/ShowCode.asp?txtCodeId=68507&lngWId=1) by Erkan Sanli is a fast open source VB 6 renderer that can render, rotate, animate, etc. complex solid shapes made of thousands of polygons. Just Windows API calls – no DirectX, no OpenGL.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/ssshB.jpg)
(source: [vbmigration.com](http://www.vbmigration.com/Documentation/Images/sample/EGL25.jpg))
VBMigration.com [chose EGL25](http://www.vbmigration.com/Documentation/codesamples.aspx) as a high-quality open-source VB6 project (to demonstrate their VB6 to VB.Net upgrade tool).
Despite that, and despite my opinion that VB6 is often criticised too harshly, I can't help thinking there must be better options for game development in 2010? | Have a look at DxIce : <http://gamedev.digiapp.com/> |
2,690,656 | I am developing a game in VB6 (plz don't ask me why :) ).
The storyboard is ready and a rough implementation is underway.
I am following a "pure-software-rendering" approach. (i.e. no DirectX, no openGL etc.)
Amongst many others, the following **"serious"** problems exist:
* **2D alpha transparency** reqd. to implement overlays.
* **Parallax implementation** to give depth-of-field illusion.
* **Capturing mouse-scroll** events globally (as in FPS-es; mapping them to changing weapon).
* **Async sound play** with absolute "near-zero-lag".
---
Any ideas anyone. Please suggest any well documented **library/ocx** or **sample-code**.
Plz do suggest solutions with good performance and as little overhead as possible.
Also, anyone who has developed any games,
and would be open to sharing her/his code would be highly appreciated.
(any well-acknowledged VB games whose source-code i can study??)
---
**UPDATE:** Here is a screen shot of **[GearHead Garage](http://www.gearheadgarage.com/)**.
This picture ought to describe what i was attempting in words above... :)
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/2Ialk.gif)
(source: [softwarepod.com](http://screenshots.softwarepod.com/9518/screenshot.gif)) | 2010/04/22 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/2690656",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/319204/"
] | You may want to check out the [Game Programming Wiki](http://www.gpwiki.org/) -- it used to be "Lucky's VB Game Site" (and we're talking a LONG time ago) but all of the content (VB5/6 centric) moved to the Wiki with the addition of other languages.
It appears that much of the legacy VB6 content is still available on the site. | Have a look at DxIce : <http://gamedev.digiapp.com/> |
2,690,656 | I am developing a game in VB6 (plz don't ask me why :) ).
The storyboard is ready and a rough implementation is underway.
I am following a "pure-software-rendering" approach. (i.e. no DirectX, no openGL etc.)
Amongst many others, the following **"serious"** problems exist:
* **2D alpha transparency** reqd. to implement overlays.
* **Parallax implementation** to give depth-of-field illusion.
* **Capturing mouse-scroll** events globally (as in FPS-es; mapping them to changing weapon).
* **Async sound play** with absolute "near-zero-lag".
---
Any ideas anyone. Please suggest any well documented **library/ocx** or **sample-code**.
Plz do suggest solutions with good performance and as little overhead as possible.
Also, anyone who has developed any games,
and would be open to sharing her/his code would be highly appreciated.
(any well-acknowledged VB games whose source-code i can study??)
---
**UPDATE:** Here is a screen shot of **[GearHead Garage](http://www.gearheadgarage.com/)**.
This picture ought to describe what i was attempting in words above... :)
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/2Ialk.gif)
(source: [softwarepod.com](http://screenshots.softwarepod.com/9518/screenshot.gif)) | 2010/04/22 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/2690656",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/319204/"
] | [EGL25](https://www.planet-source-code.com/vb/scripts/ShowCode.asp?txtCodeId=68507&lngWId=1) by Erkan Sanli is a fast open source VB 6 renderer that can render, rotate, animate, etc. complex solid shapes made of thousands of polygons. Just Windows API calls – no DirectX, no OpenGL.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/ssshB.jpg)
(source: [vbmigration.com](http://www.vbmigration.com/Documentation/Images/sample/EGL25.jpg))
VBMigration.com [chose EGL25](http://www.vbmigration.com/Documentation/codesamples.aspx) as a high-quality open-source VB6 project (to demonstrate their VB6 to VB.Net upgrade tool).
Despite that, and despite my opinion that VB6 is often criticised too harshly, I can't help thinking there must be better options for game development in 2010? | I think you will find no well-acknowledged written games in VB6 for precisely the reasons you state above.
It was not designed to be a high performance language. For that you NEED to use the graphics libraries (DirectX, OpenGL) you said you didn't want to use unless you want to BitBLT everything yourself using API calls which is probably not going to get what you need.
VB6 is interpreted, outdated, and I'd be surprised if it runs on Windows 7.
I think you need to seriously re-evaluate the methodology here. |
2,690,656 | I am developing a game in VB6 (plz don't ask me why :) ).
The storyboard is ready and a rough implementation is underway.
I am following a "pure-software-rendering" approach. (i.e. no DirectX, no openGL etc.)
Amongst many others, the following **"serious"** problems exist:
* **2D alpha transparency** reqd. to implement overlays.
* **Parallax implementation** to give depth-of-field illusion.
* **Capturing mouse-scroll** events globally (as in FPS-es; mapping them to changing weapon).
* **Async sound play** with absolute "near-zero-lag".
---
Any ideas anyone. Please suggest any well documented **library/ocx** or **sample-code**.
Plz do suggest solutions with good performance and as little overhead as possible.
Also, anyone who has developed any games,
and would be open to sharing her/his code would be highly appreciated.
(any well-acknowledged VB games whose source-code i can study??)
---
**UPDATE:** Here is a screen shot of **[GearHead Garage](http://www.gearheadgarage.com/)**.
This picture ought to describe what i was attempting in words above... :)
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/2Ialk.gif)
(source: [softwarepod.com](http://screenshots.softwarepod.com/9518/screenshot.gif)) | 2010/04/22 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/2690656",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/319204/"
] | You may want to check out the [Game Programming Wiki](http://www.gpwiki.org/) -- it used to be "Lucky's VB Game Site" (and we're talking a LONG time ago) but all of the content (VB5/6 centric) moved to the Wiki with the addition of other languages.
It appears that much of the legacy VB6 content is still available on the site. | I think you will find no well-acknowledged written games in VB6 for precisely the reasons you state above.
It was not designed to be a high performance language. For that you NEED to use the graphics libraries (DirectX, OpenGL) you said you didn't want to use unless you want to BitBLT everything yourself using API calls which is probably not going to get what you need.
VB6 is interpreted, outdated, and I'd be surprised if it runs on Windows 7.
I think you need to seriously re-evaluate the methodology here. |
2,690,656 | I am developing a game in VB6 (plz don't ask me why :) ).
The storyboard is ready and a rough implementation is underway.
I am following a "pure-software-rendering" approach. (i.e. no DirectX, no openGL etc.)
Amongst many others, the following **"serious"** problems exist:
* **2D alpha transparency** reqd. to implement overlays.
* **Parallax implementation** to give depth-of-field illusion.
* **Capturing mouse-scroll** events globally (as in FPS-es; mapping them to changing weapon).
* **Async sound play** with absolute "near-zero-lag".
---
Any ideas anyone. Please suggest any well documented **library/ocx** or **sample-code**.
Plz do suggest solutions with good performance and as little overhead as possible.
Also, anyone who has developed any games,
and would be open to sharing her/his code would be highly appreciated.
(any well-acknowledged VB games whose source-code i can study??)
---
**UPDATE:** Here is a screen shot of **[GearHead Garage](http://www.gearheadgarage.com/)**.
This picture ought to describe what i was attempting in words above... :)
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/2Ialk.gif)
(source: [softwarepod.com](http://screenshots.softwarepod.com/9518/screenshot.gif)) | 2010/04/22 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/2690656",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/319204/"
] | You may want to check out the [Game Programming Wiki](http://www.gpwiki.org/) -- it used to be "Lucky's VB Game Site" (and we're talking a LONG time ago) but all of the content (VB5/6 centric) moved to the Wiki with the addition of other languages.
It appears that much of the legacy VB6 content is still available on the site. | [EGL25](https://www.planet-source-code.com/vb/scripts/ShowCode.asp?txtCodeId=68507&lngWId=1) by Erkan Sanli is a fast open source VB 6 renderer that can render, rotate, animate, etc. complex solid shapes made of thousands of polygons. Just Windows API calls – no DirectX, no OpenGL.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/ssshB.jpg)
(source: [vbmigration.com](http://www.vbmigration.com/Documentation/Images/sample/EGL25.jpg))
VBMigration.com [chose EGL25](http://www.vbmigration.com/Documentation/codesamples.aspx) as a high-quality open-source VB6 project (to demonstrate their VB6 to VB.Net upgrade tool).
Despite that, and despite my opinion that VB6 is often criticised too harshly, I can't help thinking there must be better options for game development in 2010? |
2,690,656 | I am developing a game in VB6 (plz don't ask me why :) ).
The storyboard is ready and a rough implementation is underway.
I am following a "pure-software-rendering" approach. (i.e. no DirectX, no openGL etc.)
Amongst many others, the following **"serious"** problems exist:
* **2D alpha transparency** reqd. to implement overlays.
* **Parallax implementation** to give depth-of-field illusion.
* **Capturing mouse-scroll** events globally (as in FPS-es; mapping them to changing weapon).
* **Async sound play** with absolute "near-zero-lag".
---
Any ideas anyone. Please suggest any well documented **library/ocx** or **sample-code**.
Plz do suggest solutions with good performance and as little overhead as possible.
Also, anyone who has developed any games,
and would be open to sharing her/his code would be highly appreciated.
(any well-acknowledged VB games whose source-code i can study??)
---
**UPDATE:** Here is a screen shot of **[GearHead Garage](http://www.gearheadgarage.com/)**.
This picture ought to describe what i was attempting in words above... :)
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/2Ialk.gif)
(source: [softwarepod.com](http://screenshots.softwarepod.com/9518/screenshot.gif)) | 2010/04/22 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/2690656",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/319204/"
] | [EGL25](https://www.planet-source-code.com/vb/scripts/ShowCode.asp?txtCodeId=68507&lngWId=1) by Erkan Sanli is a fast open source VB 6 renderer that can render, rotate, animate, etc. complex solid shapes made of thousands of polygons. Just Windows API calls – no DirectX, no OpenGL.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/ssshB.jpg)
(source: [vbmigration.com](http://www.vbmigration.com/Documentation/Images/sample/EGL25.jpg))
VBMigration.com [chose EGL25](http://www.vbmigration.com/Documentation/codesamples.aspx) as a high-quality open-source VB6 project (to demonstrate their VB6 to VB.Net upgrade tool).
Despite that, and despite my opinion that VB6 is often criticised too harshly, I can't help thinking there must be better options for game development in 2010? | For audio playback, I have used <http://www.fmod.org/> in the past. This, and other libraries like [BASS](http://www.un4seen.com/), are only free for non-commercial use. I also suggest avoiding the built-in multimedia playback object. |
2,690,656 | I am developing a game in VB6 (plz don't ask me why :) ).
The storyboard is ready and a rough implementation is underway.
I am following a "pure-software-rendering" approach. (i.e. no DirectX, no openGL etc.)
Amongst many others, the following **"serious"** problems exist:
* **2D alpha transparency** reqd. to implement overlays.
* **Parallax implementation** to give depth-of-field illusion.
* **Capturing mouse-scroll** events globally (as in FPS-es; mapping them to changing weapon).
* **Async sound play** with absolute "near-zero-lag".
---
Any ideas anyone. Please suggest any well documented **library/ocx** or **sample-code**.
Plz do suggest solutions with good performance and as little overhead as possible.
Also, anyone who has developed any games,
and would be open to sharing her/his code would be highly appreciated.
(any well-acknowledged VB games whose source-code i can study??)
---
**UPDATE:** Here is a screen shot of **[GearHead Garage](http://www.gearheadgarage.com/)**.
This picture ought to describe what i was attempting in words above... :)
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/2Ialk.gif)
(source: [softwarepod.com](http://screenshots.softwarepod.com/9518/screenshot.gif)) | 2010/04/22 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/2690656",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/319204/"
] | You may want to check out the [Game Programming Wiki](http://www.gpwiki.org/) -- it used to be "Lucky's VB Game Site" (and we're talking a LONG time ago) but all of the content (VB5/6 centric) moved to the Wiki with the addition of other languages.
It appears that much of the legacy VB6 content is still available on the site. | For audio playback, I have used <http://www.fmod.org/> in the past. This, and other libraries like [BASS](http://www.un4seen.com/), are only free for non-commercial use. I also suggest avoiding the built-in multimedia playback object. |
18,776,414 | I have a problem...
I need to store a daily barrage of about 3,000 mid-sized XML documents (100 to 200 data elements).
The data is somewhat unstable in the sense that the schema changes from time to time and the changes are not announced with enough advance notice, but need to be dealt with retroactively on an emergency "hotfix" basis.
The consumption pattern for the data involves both a website and some simple analytics (some averages and pie charts).
MongoDB seems like a great solution except for one problem; it requires converting between XML and JSON. I would prefer to store the XML documents as they arrive, untouched, and shift any intelligent processing to the consumer of the data. That way any bugs in the data-loading code will not cause permanent damage. Bugs in the consumer(s) are always harmless since you can fix and re-run without permanent data loss.
I don't really need "massively parallel" processing capabilities. It's about 4GB of data which fits comfortably in a 64-bit server.
I have eliminated from consideration Cassandra (due to complex setup) and Couch DB (due to lack of familiar features such as indexing, which I will need initially due to my RDBMS ways of thinking).
**So finally here's my actual question...**
Is it worthwhile to look for a native XML database, which are not as mature as MongoDB, or should I bite the bullet and convert all the XML to JSON as it arrives and just use MongoDB? | 2013/09/13 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/18776414",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/196032/"
] | You may have a look at BaseX, (Basex.org), with built in XQuery processor and Lucene text indexing. | ### That Data Volume is Small
If there is no need for parallel data processing, there is no need for Mongo DB. Especially if dealing with small data amounts like 4GB, the overhead of distributing work can easily get larger than the actual evaluation effort.
4GB / 60k nodes is not large of XML databases, either. After some time of getting into it you will realize XQuery as a great tool for XML document analysis.
### Is it Really?
Or do you get daily 4GB and have to evaluate that and all data you already stored? Then you *will* get to some amount which you cannot store and process on one machine any more; and distributing work will get necessary. Not within days or weeks, but a year will already bring you 1TB.
### Converting to JSON
How does you input look like? Does it adhere any schema or even resemble tabular data? MongoDB's capabilities for analyzing semi-structured are way worse than what XML databases provide. On the other hand, if you only want to pull a few fields on well-defined paths and you can analyze one input file after the other, Mongo DB probably will not suffer much.
### Carrying XML into the Cloud
If you want to use both an XML database's capabilities in analyzing the data and some NoSQL's systems capabilities in distributing the work, you could run the database from that system.
[BaseX is getting to the cloud](http://files.basex.org/publications/xmlprague2013/slides/Dirk-Kirsten-Distributed-XQuery.pdf) with exactly the capabilities you need -- but it will probably still take some time for that feature to get production-ready. |
40,097 | Wondering if I have to boil my homemade jars of salsa to seal them if they sealed on their own. (Yes I sterilized them before hand)
The salsa went in hot and once the lid was on, about 5 minutes later there was the telltale pop!
IF this is safe, how long does something like homemade salsa and homemade sauces keep for in sealed jars?
Thanks!
~Andrea | 2013/12/09 | [
"https://cooking.stackexchange.com/questions/40097",
"https://cooking.stackexchange.com",
"https://cooking.stackexchange.com/users/21782/"
] | Yes, you should fully process your salsa, even if you got the "hot jelly" seal just from hot packing.
The reason for this is that part of the processing is to ensure that the entire contents of the jar, all the way through, is at a high enough temperature for a long enough time to be safe as a shelf-stable product. This may or may not already be true from the initial cooking down, but in these matters, you absolutely positively want to be sure. | All the books I have read on canning and preserving say that in order to safely process a non,or low acid fruit or veg ,you must pressure can it. They even go so far as to say that Tomatoes ,which have usually been the one "veg" you can hot -water bath, should be pressure canned ,because todays' market tomatoes are low acid. The best book I have found on storing food is called " Putting Food By" the book explains how and why to preserve food to get the best results, (I just checked, it's available at Amazon,an as a Kindle) but I borrowed my copy at the library. Another source of Good info is the Bernardin website, take care. |
9,543 | People [often say](https://ham.stackexchange.com/search?q=outside%20of%20the%20shield) common-mode current flows on the outside of the shield, while the current on the inside of the shield is always opposed by an equal but opposite current on the center conductor. This is because skin effect separates the inside and outside of the shield.
But if skin effect is isolating the inside and the outside of the shield, why would the inside-shield and center-conductor currents *always* be equal but opposite? If skin effect makes the inside and outside of the shield distinct, why can't there be a common-mode current on the inside? | 2017/11/20 | [
"https://ham.stackexchange.com/questions/9543",
"https://ham.stackexchange.com",
"https://ham.stackexchange.com/users/218/"
] | First, does it matter where the common-mode currents flow? Coax works as a transmission line because the (ideally) equal but opposite currents on the center and shield create opposite fields which exactly cancel for points outside the cable. Thus, it does not radiate. And by reciprocity, external interference is rejected.
The same concept is in play with [twin-lead transmission lines](https://ham.stackexchange.com/q/3508/218): the equal and opposite current cancel. No skin effect required.
*Skin effect does not make the inside and the outside of the shield function as distinct conductors*. Think about the contradictions this would make: how does current "know" if it should flow on the inside or the outside? How would open transmission line stubs work if the shield current on the inside "wrapped around" and traveled back on the outside upon reaching the end of the coax? [How could twin-lead choke baluns work?](https://ham.stackexchange.com/q/6983/218)
---
There's a phenomenon similar to skin effect called [proximity effect](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proximity_effect_(electromagnetism)). It's relevant to transformers and twin-lead, or any application where two or more conductors in proximity are carrying RF current.
When two conductors are carrying currents in opposite directions (differential-mode), the current density is highest in the regions closest to the other conductor. When the current is in the same direction (common-mode), current density is highest in the regions farthest apart.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/rJl65.png)
Both skin and proximity effects arise due to [eddy currents](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddy_current). Skin effect is a special case when there's just one conductor, with the current density trying to get as far away as possible from all the other parts of the conductor trying to carry current in the same direction.
So in the case of coax, for a common-mode current the current density will be highest on the outside of the shield since that's the farthest point away from all the other points in the coax.
For a differential-mode current the current density is highest on the inner surface of the shield and the outer surface of the center since that's the closest points between the two.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/NYj6b.png)
This isn't skin effect creating a magic barrier between the inside and outside of the shield. It's eddy currents reinforcing some currents while cancelling others. It's the same underlying physics as skin effect, but there's no magic barrier. The inside and outside of the shield are not "distinct conductors".
And that the current density is highest on the outside of the shield isn't relevant for most purposes. It's cancellation of fields, not magic skin effect barriers that are responsible for making our coax not radiate. | The statement "common-mode current flows on the outside of the shield" is true for a perfect shield. A low cost 60 ohm TV cable might have some common-mode current on the inside. Look at it the other way, Inject a common-mode current on the coax by use of a toroid transformer and measure the voltage between screen and inner conductor at the cable end. A perfect cable (Flexwell with 0.5 mm wall thickness copper tube for the screen) would not show any signal at all, but a low cost TV coax might show something like 60 dB below the coupling to an un-screened wire.
* leif - |
9,543 | People [often say](https://ham.stackexchange.com/search?q=outside%20of%20the%20shield) common-mode current flows on the outside of the shield, while the current on the inside of the shield is always opposed by an equal but opposite current on the center conductor. This is because skin effect separates the inside and outside of the shield.
But if skin effect is isolating the inside and the outside of the shield, why would the inside-shield and center-conductor currents *always* be equal but opposite? If skin effect makes the inside and outside of the shield distinct, why can't there be a common-mode current on the inside? | 2017/11/20 | [
"https://ham.stackexchange.com/questions/9543",
"https://ham.stackexchange.com",
"https://ham.stackexchange.com/users/218/"
] | It is helpful to understand the basic functioning of a coaxial cable. But first there are two important phenomenons that must be understood in order to proceed.
**Skin Effect**
When direct current (time invariant current) passes through a conductor it tends to uniformly use the entire cross sectional area of the conductor. When alternating current (time variant current) passes through a conducting material, it has a tendency to concentrate the current near the surfaces of the conductor. The occurs due to the changing direction of the magnetic field associated with the alternating current resulting in a back electromotive force that tends to push the conducting electrons towards the surface of the conducting material. As the frequency of the alternating current is increased, the crowding toward the surface becomes more pronounced. Since there is less conducting area, the resistance rises with frequency.
In a common conductor such as copper, the skin effect can be quite pronounced at typical amateur radio frequencies. For example, at 1 MHz, 63% of the current flows in the outer ~0.067 mm of a round copper wire. The current decreases exponentially and this 63% level is considered one skin depth. 98% of the current is contained in four skin depths (0.298 mm) from the surface of the wire. Past five skin depths, there is for all practical purposes no current flowing in the wire. Thus the center of the wire with a radius greater than five skin depths is essentially wasted material and can be removed (making a tubular shape) or replaced with other structural materials. We see the latter in amateur radio circles in the CopperWeld® brand of wire where the inner material is steel (for strength purposes) but with an outer copper coating (for RF purposes). If the thickness of the copper coating is at least 5 skin depths for the frequency in use, the RF current will never "see" the higher resistance steel core due to the skin effect.
**Proximity Effect**
When alternating current flows through a conductor and this conductor is in close proximity to another conductor carrying alternating current, the current in the conductors will tend to be crowded into smaller regions of the conductor resulting in increased resistance. It is important to note that this is in *addition* to the skin effect. Thus the proximity effect tends to further increase the effective resistance of the conductor beyond that of the skin effect alone.
If the two wires are carrying current in opposite directions, the crowding tends to occur on the surfaces of the wire that are closer together. If the current is flowing in the same direction, the crowding tends to occur on the surfaces that are further apart.
**Coax Cable**
Now consider a coax cable with an outer shield that is several skin depths thick and with an alternating current flowing only on the inner (center) conductor. The shield is completely disconnected for this description. The alternating current flowing in the center conductor develops a magnetic field around it. Since the outer shield conductor is several skin depths thick, there is practically no magnetic field developed within the outer conductor.
We can apply Ampere's Law to determine that the magnetic field of the inner conductor will induce an equal and *opposite* current on the inside of the outer shield (this is a working example the proximity effect). The current on the inside of the outer conductor must close on itself so that the current flowing on the outside of the shield is the same as the current flowing on the inside of the shield.
Now if we connect the shield as it would be used in the usual condition for an amateur radio application, we have current flowing on the outside of the shield (due to skin effect) that is fully cancelled out due to the opposite induced current from the inner conductor described earlier. This leaves us with only the current on the inside of the outer conductor. It should be clear from this description that the result of the current flowing only on the inside of the outer conductor is therefore a result of *both* the skin effect and the proximity effect.
The net result is that the shield of the coax cable acts as an electrostatic shield that, for all practical purposes, does not allow the electromagnetic energy to radiate from the coax cable.
**Common Mode Current on Coaxial Cable**
If we now bring another conductor carrying an alternating current (such as an antenna element) in close proximity to the coax, it will induce a current in the shield. If the shield is several skin depths thick, none of this induced current will appear on the inside of the shield conductor (or anywhere else inside the coaxial cable) but rather it will flow on the outside of the shield due to skin effect.
In this condition, we have two unique currents flowing on the shield of the coax – the current flowing on the inside of the shield that is generated by the transmitter connected to the coax as well as the current that is flowing on the outside of the shield due to magnetic coupling from the antenna. With sufficient thickness of the shield, these two currents do not “see” each other since neither will (effectively) pass through the center of the shield to interact with the other. This is quite different from say the reflected current that occurs due to a mismatched load where the forward and reflected currents do “see” each other and interact to create a standing current wave.
Since the two currents have no interaction along the length of the coax it is, for all practical purposes, as if they are traveling on separate wires. Thus when describing coaxial common mode current, the exterior of the shield is often described as the “third wire” of the coaxial cable. Of course this is simply a simile but it closely fits the observable characteristics. | The statement "common-mode current flows on the outside of the shield" is true for a perfect shield. A low cost 60 ohm TV cable might have some common-mode current on the inside. Look at it the other way, Inject a common-mode current on the coax by use of a toroid transformer and measure the voltage between screen and inner conductor at the cable end. A perfect cable (Flexwell with 0.5 mm wall thickness copper tube for the screen) would not show any signal at all, but a low cost TV coax might show something like 60 dB below the coupling to an un-screened wire.
* leif - |
9,543 | People [often say](https://ham.stackexchange.com/search?q=outside%20of%20the%20shield) common-mode current flows on the outside of the shield, while the current on the inside of the shield is always opposed by an equal but opposite current on the center conductor. This is because skin effect separates the inside and outside of the shield.
But if skin effect is isolating the inside and the outside of the shield, why would the inside-shield and center-conductor currents *always* be equal but opposite? If skin effect makes the inside and outside of the shield distinct, why can't there be a common-mode current on the inside? | 2017/11/20 | [
"https://ham.stackexchange.com/questions/9543",
"https://ham.stackexchange.com",
"https://ham.stackexchange.com/users/218/"
] | First, does it matter where the common-mode currents flow? Coax works as a transmission line because the (ideally) equal but opposite currents on the center and shield create opposite fields which exactly cancel for points outside the cable. Thus, it does not radiate. And by reciprocity, external interference is rejected.
The same concept is in play with [twin-lead transmission lines](https://ham.stackexchange.com/q/3508/218): the equal and opposite current cancel. No skin effect required.
*Skin effect does not make the inside and the outside of the shield function as distinct conductors*. Think about the contradictions this would make: how does current "know" if it should flow on the inside or the outside? How would open transmission line stubs work if the shield current on the inside "wrapped around" and traveled back on the outside upon reaching the end of the coax? [How could twin-lead choke baluns work?](https://ham.stackexchange.com/q/6983/218)
---
There's a phenomenon similar to skin effect called [proximity effect](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proximity_effect_(electromagnetism)). It's relevant to transformers and twin-lead, or any application where two or more conductors in proximity are carrying RF current.
When two conductors are carrying currents in opposite directions (differential-mode), the current density is highest in the regions closest to the other conductor. When the current is in the same direction (common-mode), current density is highest in the regions farthest apart.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/rJl65.png)
Both skin and proximity effects arise due to [eddy currents](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddy_current). Skin effect is a special case when there's just one conductor, with the current density trying to get as far away as possible from all the other parts of the conductor trying to carry current in the same direction.
So in the case of coax, for a common-mode current the current density will be highest on the outside of the shield since that's the farthest point away from all the other points in the coax.
For a differential-mode current the current density is highest on the inner surface of the shield and the outer surface of the center since that's the closest points between the two.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/NYj6b.png)
This isn't skin effect creating a magic barrier between the inside and outside of the shield. It's eddy currents reinforcing some currents while cancelling others. It's the same underlying physics as skin effect, but there's no magic barrier. The inside and outside of the shield are not "distinct conductors".
And that the current density is highest on the outside of the shield isn't relevant for most purposes. It's cancellation of fields, not magic skin effect barriers that are responsible for making our coax not radiate. | The name "common mode" means that the current on the shield and the center conductor is traveling in a common direction. This condition is a violation of the assumptions required to make a transmission line work.
For the transmission line to work correctly, the current must be in opposite directions on the shield and center conductor; in this case, the current will be on the inside of the shield and the outside of the center conductor, the induced magnetic fields will oppose and cancel, and there will be no leakage.
If there is common mode current, then these conditions are violated, and there will be RF leakage both into and out of the transmission line.
The world generally not being perfect, it is possible for both conditions to exist simultaneously. In other words, you can have both common mode current and opposing current on the shield at the same time. When this occurs, then presumably the common mode current will be on the outside of the shield and the opposing current on the inside of the shield and the portion of the current that is common mode will cause leakage. However, it would also be possible (but unlikely--so maybe only a small fraction of the current) for the common mode current to travel in other parts of the shield and cause eddy currents, which would heat the shield rather than leak. Poor quality coax might have a thin shield, which be less than the skin depth, allowing the two currents to mix and allowing eddy currents to be worse.
Typically, common mode current in transmission line is caused by the shield of the coax coupling with the antenna, so that matched opposing currents flow in the antenna and the outside of the shield in addition to the matching currents on the inside of the shield and the outside of the center conductor. This coupling essentially makes the shield part of the antenna. |
9,543 | People [often say](https://ham.stackexchange.com/search?q=outside%20of%20the%20shield) common-mode current flows on the outside of the shield, while the current on the inside of the shield is always opposed by an equal but opposite current on the center conductor. This is because skin effect separates the inside and outside of the shield.
But if skin effect is isolating the inside and the outside of the shield, why would the inside-shield and center-conductor currents *always* be equal but opposite? If skin effect makes the inside and outside of the shield distinct, why can't there be a common-mode current on the inside? | 2017/11/20 | [
"https://ham.stackexchange.com/questions/9543",
"https://ham.stackexchange.com",
"https://ham.stackexchange.com/users/218/"
] | It is helpful to understand the basic functioning of a coaxial cable. But first there are two important phenomenons that must be understood in order to proceed.
**Skin Effect**
When direct current (time invariant current) passes through a conductor it tends to uniformly use the entire cross sectional area of the conductor. When alternating current (time variant current) passes through a conducting material, it has a tendency to concentrate the current near the surfaces of the conductor. The occurs due to the changing direction of the magnetic field associated with the alternating current resulting in a back electromotive force that tends to push the conducting electrons towards the surface of the conducting material. As the frequency of the alternating current is increased, the crowding toward the surface becomes more pronounced. Since there is less conducting area, the resistance rises with frequency.
In a common conductor such as copper, the skin effect can be quite pronounced at typical amateur radio frequencies. For example, at 1 MHz, 63% of the current flows in the outer ~0.067 mm of a round copper wire. The current decreases exponentially and this 63% level is considered one skin depth. 98% of the current is contained in four skin depths (0.298 mm) from the surface of the wire. Past five skin depths, there is for all practical purposes no current flowing in the wire. Thus the center of the wire with a radius greater than five skin depths is essentially wasted material and can be removed (making a tubular shape) or replaced with other structural materials. We see the latter in amateur radio circles in the CopperWeld® brand of wire where the inner material is steel (for strength purposes) but with an outer copper coating (for RF purposes). If the thickness of the copper coating is at least 5 skin depths for the frequency in use, the RF current will never "see" the higher resistance steel core due to the skin effect.
**Proximity Effect**
When alternating current flows through a conductor and this conductor is in close proximity to another conductor carrying alternating current, the current in the conductors will tend to be crowded into smaller regions of the conductor resulting in increased resistance. It is important to note that this is in *addition* to the skin effect. Thus the proximity effect tends to further increase the effective resistance of the conductor beyond that of the skin effect alone.
If the two wires are carrying current in opposite directions, the crowding tends to occur on the surfaces of the wire that are closer together. If the current is flowing in the same direction, the crowding tends to occur on the surfaces that are further apart.
**Coax Cable**
Now consider a coax cable with an outer shield that is several skin depths thick and with an alternating current flowing only on the inner (center) conductor. The shield is completely disconnected for this description. The alternating current flowing in the center conductor develops a magnetic field around it. Since the outer shield conductor is several skin depths thick, there is practically no magnetic field developed within the outer conductor.
We can apply Ampere's Law to determine that the magnetic field of the inner conductor will induce an equal and *opposite* current on the inside of the outer shield (this is a working example the proximity effect). The current on the inside of the outer conductor must close on itself so that the current flowing on the outside of the shield is the same as the current flowing on the inside of the shield.
Now if we connect the shield as it would be used in the usual condition for an amateur radio application, we have current flowing on the outside of the shield (due to skin effect) that is fully cancelled out due to the opposite induced current from the inner conductor described earlier. This leaves us with only the current on the inside of the outer conductor. It should be clear from this description that the result of the current flowing only on the inside of the outer conductor is therefore a result of *both* the skin effect and the proximity effect.
The net result is that the shield of the coax cable acts as an electrostatic shield that, for all practical purposes, does not allow the electromagnetic energy to radiate from the coax cable.
**Common Mode Current on Coaxial Cable**
If we now bring another conductor carrying an alternating current (such as an antenna element) in close proximity to the coax, it will induce a current in the shield. If the shield is several skin depths thick, none of this induced current will appear on the inside of the shield conductor (or anywhere else inside the coaxial cable) but rather it will flow on the outside of the shield due to skin effect.
In this condition, we have two unique currents flowing on the shield of the coax – the current flowing on the inside of the shield that is generated by the transmitter connected to the coax as well as the current that is flowing on the outside of the shield due to magnetic coupling from the antenna. With sufficient thickness of the shield, these two currents do not “see” each other since neither will (effectively) pass through the center of the shield to interact with the other. This is quite different from say the reflected current that occurs due to a mismatched load where the forward and reflected currents do “see” each other and interact to create a standing current wave.
Since the two currents have no interaction along the length of the coax it is, for all practical purposes, as if they are traveling on separate wires. Thus when describing coaxial common mode current, the exterior of the shield is often described as the “third wire” of the coaxial cable. Of course this is simply a simile but it closely fits the observable characteristics. | The name "common mode" means that the current on the shield and the center conductor is traveling in a common direction. This condition is a violation of the assumptions required to make a transmission line work.
For the transmission line to work correctly, the current must be in opposite directions on the shield and center conductor; in this case, the current will be on the inside of the shield and the outside of the center conductor, the induced magnetic fields will oppose and cancel, and there will be no leakage.
If there is common mode current, then these conditions are violated, and there will be RF leakage both into and out of the transmission line.
The world generally not being perfect, it is possible for both conditions to exist simultaneously. In other words, you can have both common mode current and opposing current on the shield at the same time. When this occurs, then presumably the common mode current will be on the outside of the shield and the opposing current on the inside of the shield and the portion of the current that is common mode will cause leakage. However, it would also be possible (but unlikely--so maybe only a small fraction of the current) for the common mode current to travel in other parts of the shield and cause eddy currents, which would heat the shield rather than leak. Poor quality coax might have a thin shield, which be less than the skin depth, allowing the two currents to mix and allowing eddy currents to be worse.
Typically, common mode current in transmission line is caused by the shield of the coax coupling with the antenna, so that matched opposing currents flow in the antenna and the outside of the shield in addition to the matching currents on the inside of the shield and the outside of the center conductor. This coupling essentially makes the shield part of the antenna. |
9,543 | People [often say](https://ham.stackexchange.com/search?q=outside%20of%20the%20shield) common-mode current flows on the outside of the shield, while the current on the inside of the shield is always opposed by an equal but opposite current on the center conductor. This is because skin effect separates the inside and outside of the shield.
But if skin effect is isolating the inside and the outside of the shield, why would the inside-shield and center-conductor currents *always* be equal but opposite? If skin effect makes the inside and outside of the shield distinct, why can't there be a common-mode current on the inside? | 2017/11/20 | [
"https://ham.stackexchange.com/questions/9543",
"https://ham.stackexchange.com",
"https://ham.stackexchange.com/users/218/"
] | It is helpful to understand the basic functioning of a coaxial cable. But first there are two important phenomenons that must be understood in order to proceed.
**Skin Effect**
When direct current (time invariant current) passes through a conductor it tends to uniformly use the entire cross sectional area of the conductor. When alternating current (time variant current) passes through a conducting material, it has a tendency to concentrate the current near the surfaces of the conductor. The occurs due to the changing direction of the magnetic field associated with the alternating current resulting in a back electromotive force that tends to push the conducting electrons towards the surface of the conducting material. As the frequency of the alternating current is increased, the crowding toward the surface becomes more pronounced. Since there is less conducting area, the resistance rises with frequency.
In a common conductor such as copper, the skin effect can be quite pronounced at typical amateur radio frequencies. For example, at 1 MHz, 63% of the current flows in the outer ~0.067 mm of a round copper wire. The current decreases exponentially and this 63% level is considered one skin depth. 98% of the current is contained in four skin depths (0.298 mm) from the surface of the wire. Past five skin depths, there is for all practical purposes no current flowing in the wire. Thus the center of the wire with a radius greater than five skin depths is essentially wasted material and can be removed (making a tubular shape) or replaced with other structural materials. We see the latter in amateur radio circles in the CopperWeld® brand of wire where the inner material is steel (for strength purposes) but with an outer copper coating (for RF purposes). If the thickness of the copper coating is at least 5 skin depths for the frequency in use, the RF current will never "see" the higher resistance steel core due to the skin effect.
**Proximity Effect**
When alternating current flows through a conductor and this conductor is in close proximity to another conductor carrying alternating current, the current in the conductors will tend to be crowded into smaller regions of the conductor resulting in increased resistance. It is important to note that this is in *addition* to the skin effect. Thus the proximity effect tends to further increase the effective resistance of the conductor beyond that of the skin effect alone.
If the two wires are carrying current in opposite directions, the crowding tends to occur on the surfaces of the wire that are closer together. If the current is flowing in the same direction, the crowding tends to occur on the surfaces that are further apart.
**Coax Cable**
Now consider a coax cable with an outer shield that is several skin depths thick and with an alternating current flowing only on the inner (center) conductor. The shield is completely disconnected for this description. The alternating current flowing in the center conductor develops a magnetic field around it. Since the outer shield conductor is several skin depths thick, there is practically no magnetic field developed within the outer conductor.
We can apply Ampere's Law to determine that the magnetic field of the inner conductor will induce an equal and *opposite* current on the inside of the outer shield (this is a working example the proximity effect). The current on the inside of the outer conductor must close on itself so that the current flowing on the outside of the shield is the same as the current flowing on the inside of the shield.
Now if we connect the shield as it would be used in the usual condition for an amateur radio application, we have current flowing on the outside of the shield (due to skin effect) that is fully cancelled out due to the opposite induced current from the inner conductor described earlier. This leaves us with only the current on the inside of the outer conductor. It should be clear from this description that the result of the current flowing only on the inside of the outer conductor is therefore a result of *both* the skin effect and the proximity effect.
The net result is that the shield of the coax cable acts as an electrostatic shield that, for all practical purposes, does not allow the electromagnetic energy to radiate from the coax cable.
**Common Mode Current on Coaxial Cable**
If we now bring another conductor carrying an alternating current (such as an antenna element) in close proximity to the coax, it will induce a current in the shield. If the shield is several skin depths thick, none of this induced current will appear on the inside of the shield conductor (or anywhere else inside the coaxial cable) but rather it will flow on the outside of the shield due to skin effect.
In this condition, we have two unique currents flowing on the shield of the coax – the current flowing on the inside of the shield that is generated by the transmitter connected to the coax as well as the current that is flowing on the outside of the shield due to magnetic coupling from the antenna. With sufficient thickness of the shield, these two currents do not “see” each other since neither will (effectively) pass through the center of the shield to interact with the other. This is quite different from say the reflected current that occurs due to a mismatched load where the forward and reflected currents do “see” each other and interact to create a standing current wave.
Since the two currents have no interaction along the length of the coax it is, for all practical purposes, as if they are traveling on separate wires. Thus when describing coaxial common mode current, the exterior of the shield is often described as the “third wire” of the coaxial cable. Of course this is simply a simile but it closely fits the observable characteristics. | First, does it matter where the common-mode currents flow? Coax works as a transmission line because the (ideally) equal but opposite currents on the center and shield create opposite fields which exactly cancel for points outside the cable. Thus, it does not radiate. And by reciprocity, external interference is rejected.
The same concept is in play with [twin-lead transmission lines](https://ham.stackexchange.com/q/3508/218): the equal and opposite current cancel. No skin effect required.
*Skin effect does not make the inside and the outside of the shield function as distinct conductors*. Think about the contradictions this would make: how does current "know" if it should flow on the inside or the outside? How would open transmission line stubs work if the shield current on the inside "wrapped around" and traveled back on the outside upon reaching the end of the coax? [How could twin-lead choke baluns work?](https://ham.stackexchange.com/q/6983/218)
---
There's a phenomenon similar to skin effect called [proximity effect](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proximity_effect_(electromagnetism)). It's relevant to transformers and twin-lead, or any application where two or more conductors in proximity are carrying RF current.
When two conductors are carrying currents in opposite directions (differential-mode), the current density is highest in the regions closest to the other conductor. When the current is in the same direction (common-mode), current density is highest in the regions farthest apart.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/rJl65.png)
Both skin and proximity effects arise due to [eddy currents](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddy_current). Skin effect is a special case when there's just one conductor, with the current density trying to get as far away as possible from all the other parts of the conductor trying to carry current in the same direction.
So in the case of coax, for a common-mode current the current density will be highest on the outside of the shield since that's the farthest point away from all the other points in the coax.
For a differential-mode current the current density is highest on the inner surface of the shield and the outer surface of the center since that's the closest points between the two.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/NYj6b.png)
This isn't skin effect creating a magic barrier between the inside and outside of the shield. It's eddy currents reinforcing some currents while cancelling others. It's the same underlying physics as skin effect, but there's no magic barrier. The inside and outside of the shield are not "distinct conductors".
And that the current density is highest on the outside of the shield isn't relevant for most purposes. It's cancellation of fields, not magic skin effect barriers that are responsible for making our coax not radiate. |
186,940 | I'm working on an iOS Game and I found a piece of code on this site that I **really** want to use, and don't want to waste time studying and writing my own similar one that follows the same basic idea. Am I allowed to directly copy the code for my game?
Thanks in advance. | 2013/07/01 | [
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/186940",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/users/251952/"
] | Yes. Any code posted on Stackoverflow is for the benefit, help, and use of others. If you use a ton of code give credit where credit is due. | In short: **Yes**
I see no reason you couldn't use it as a template for your own work or even copy sections directly, after all building on top of things other people have created is totally normal.
*However*, you'll probably find you get more from doing it yourself. Plus it's often more fun.
See: [Do I have to worry about copyright issues for code posted on Stack Overflow?](https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/12527/do-i-have-to-worry-about-copyright-issues-for-code-posted-on-stack-overflow) for a fuller answer around copyright etc.
*Edit: Didn't notice the 'this site part', have clarified* |
186,940 | I'm working on an iOS Game and I found a piece of code on this site that I **really** want to use, and don't want to waste time studying and writing my own similar one that follows the same basic idea. Am I allowed to directly copy the code for my game?
Thanks in advance. | 2013/07/01 | [
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/186940",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/users/251952/"
] | Since contributors to Stack Overflow license their work under the [CC-Wiki license](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/)...
>
> 
>
>
>
But only under the following conditions:
>
> 
>
>
> | In short: **Yes**
I see no reason you couldn't use it as a template for your own work or even copy sections directly, after all building on top of things other people have created is totally normal.
*However*, you'll probably find you get more from doing it yourself. Plus it's often more fun.
See: [Do I have to worry about copyright issues for code posted on Stack Overflow?](https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/12527/do-i-have-to-worry-about-copyright-issues-for-code-posted-on-stack-overflow) for a fuller answer around copyright etc.
*Edit: Didn't notice the 'this site part', have clarified* |
52,270 | I'm writing a blog post about the impacts of an autoimmune disease. The sentence I'm trying to construct looks like this:
"The disease importunately follows me around like a god damn..."
I'm struggling to come up with something better than "... Puppy who lost his ball."
Any suggestions? The cruder, the better. A pop culture reference would be awesome!
I'm stuck. | 2020/08/22 | [
"https://writers.stackexchange.com/questions/52270",
"https://writers.stackexchange.com",
"https://writers.stackexchange.com/users/46507/"
] | I'm not quite getting the emotional effect you're shooting for. The disease follows me around like a:
* bad memory.
* black cloud.
* stain on my soul.
* poison in my veins.
* sad, needy child demanding my attention.
* wad of gum on my shoe - always sticking, dragging me down.
* broken heart.
* note pinned to my sleeve telling me I'm different and will never be quite whole again.
* Sheldon going "Penny, Penny, Penny."
* an unhealing wound hidden under my clothing constantly oozing pus.
There's no end to the options. | I suppose you could say, "The disease follows me around...
* like a moth drawn to a flame. (pretty cliche)
* like a crazy ex. (also cliche)
* like a bloodhound tracking down a stag.
* like a mosquito/Great White/vampire
drawn to blood.
* like a curse/nightmare that reminds me everyday of my terrible luck/life.
* like the soul of a dead man who swore upon his
deathbed that he would haunt me until I meet my demise and take my
rightful place in the underworld." (only if you want to be *super* dramatic)
Depending on the context and if you are willing to reword the sentence a bit, you could describe the disease as a scar. Sorry, none of these are entirely crude, but I hope they at least help you come up with something far better than my tired mind could. I'll write anything else I come up with. Good luck! |
28,777 | I have read and researched online about electric monitoring systems like the kill a watt and wattspn and i have observed something in vpmmon, they do reuire intrusive devices like sockets as means of controlling (on or off the devices) and monitoring mechanism. Now is there a diffent way or idea in order to control and monitor electric appliances in a non intrusive way (without using additional sockets to be placed on each load)? I know non intrusive mechanism can do monitor stuff like what is on or off through voltage variations, but it cant control the loads like turning them on or off. Thanks | 2012/03/27 | [
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/28777",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/users/8769/"
] | On/off control is, by definition, intrusive. ie
The act of turning something off IS intrusive.
The act of turning something on IS intrusive.
BUT:
You can measure AC current without intrusion and
You can measure AC voltage with very close to zero intrusion.
While it IS possible to monitor voltage without intrusion in the strict sense
ie with no ohmic connection, by using eg capacitive coupling,
there are few circumstances where this makes practical sense.
Even DC voltage may be measured using electrostatic methods but this would essentially never be done in AC mains measurements.
Long long ago I did see and electrostatic DC meter ! Rare.
Ac current can be measured by detecting the field produced - most usually with a Hall sensor.
Special ICs are made for this purpose.
Clamp meters of the sort shown by Rocketmagnet in his answer are also useful.
[Here is an AC current sensor](http://www.allegromicro.com/en/Products/Part_Numbers/0756/0756.pdf) which uses a Hall sensor.
The current path is built into the IC for precision but this is not essential.
There is no "ohmic" contact with the current path.
 | While it is possible to measure load current in a non-intrusive way, using a clamp ammeter like this:
It is not really possible to control the current in the cable. Certainly not possible to switch appliances on and off. |
6,935 | I installed Kubuntu 9.04 with Dutch as the language setting. However, when I first started, everything was actually in English. In the system settings -> region and language I set the system language to Dutch. This didn't change anything immediately, but after a while things suddenly started appearing in Dutch.
I quickly realised, this is not what I want. Many applications and part of KDE are still in English, so better to just have it all in English. Also to be able to follow online guides better. So, I set the system language to English again. But...even after several reboots, and even completely uninstalling the Dutch language pack, some things still appear in Dutch:
- The name for "System Settings" in the application launcher menu ("start menu")
- Part of the labels inside the system settings applet
- The name for dolphin in the start menu
- The names of the Desktop, Documents, etc directories in home. Apparently they don't just get fancy names when displayed in some browsers and applet, but they are really hard named like that (Bureaublad en Documenten, in this case) in the filesystem. The system must have renamed them because they were initially in English.
So, what can I do to fix this? | 2009/07/17 | [
"https://superuser.com/questions/6935",
"https://superuser.com",
"https://superuser.com/users/2579/"
] | This was solved when I upgraded to KDE 4.3 | It sounds like, if they aren't being renamed back properly, you might need to reinstall. Otherwise can I suggest perhaps moving your .kde directory to "reset" all your settings temporarily and see if that works. |
300,740 | I am developing a *Geographic Information System* where GPS coordinates are gathered and analyzed in a server. I have a module where I collect coordinates/points in a map where a person has stopped for an allocated length of time.
So, my question is what **term/word** can I used for those points (which will be equivalent to a location) ***"where a person has stopped or has idled [for an allocated length of time]"***? So far I have been using the word "**Idled Location**" for this which I feel to be grammatically incorrect. I think '*Idled*' describes the '*Location*' here. So the word must mean a Location where I have been idled for some time. | 2016/01/19 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/300740",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/156082/"
] | *Idle Location* is grammatically correct. Some more ideas: *Idle Area*, *Idle Zone*, *Rest Spot*, *Resting Point*, *Break Point* | Consider **intermission point**. [Dictionary.com defines intermission](http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/intermission) as "a period during which action temporarily ceases." |
562,716 | I've been looking for a general word to define an idea that seems true, but simply isn't.
A simple example: "The Earth is flat." If all you know is the world outside your window, and you've never done any basic experiments, read books, or seen photos to the contrary, this seems like a reasonable explanation. But it doesn't take too much more examination to find out that it just isn't so.
The key point here is that it's something *a reasonable person could reasonably believe*.
The closest I've come to what I'm looking for is "verisimilitude." I looked at [this answer](https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/415707/something-that-sounds-good-but-has-no-true-meaning), but it seems to me that words like "spurious" or "nonsense" seem to imply some ill-intent to deceive, which is not what I'm after. (Or maybe it's more a concept than a word, and that's ok too, if anyone has thoughts on that.) | 2021/03/15 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/562716",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/76909/"
] | **Seemingly** works well for the given context.
>
> appearing to be something, especially when this is not true:
>
>
>
*He remains confident and seemingly untroubled by his recent problems.*
[Cambridge]
You could this say: *The earth is **seemingly** flat.* (which it isn't in reality.) | I would use *ostensibly*.
OED : as appears or is stated to be true, though not necessarily so |
2,656,485 | I am on a Mac with Snow Leopard (10.6.3). I hear that the assembly language I work with has to be valid with the chipset that you use. I am completely new to this I have a basic background in C and Objective-C programming and an almost strong background in PHP. I have always wanted to see what assembly is all about.
The tutorial I'll be looking at is by VTC [[link]](http://www.vtc.com/products/Assembly-Language-Programming-Tutorials.htm).
What I want to know is: are the tutorials that I'm about to do compatible with the assembly version on the Mac that I have?
I am completely new to this language although I do recall studying some of it way, way back in the day. I do have Xcode and what I'm wondering is what kind of document would I open in Xcode to work with assembly and does the Mac have a built in hex editor (when it comes time to needing it)? | 2010/04/16 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/2656485",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/305680/"
] | The assembly language you use is not dependent on your OS but rather your CPU's instruction set. Judging by your Mac version, I'd say you are using an Intel processor - so you would want to learn x86 or amd64 assembly. | An assembly language is instruction architecture specific. Chips are an instantiation of an instruction architecture.
In my opinion, you are best served by getting TextWrangler and directly compiling with gcc.
The file extension you are looking for is `.s`. |
2,656,485 | I am on a Mac with Snow Leopard (10.6.3). I hear that the assembly language I work with has to be valid with the chipset that you use. I am completely new to this I have a basic background in C and Objective-C programming and an almost strong background in PHP. I have always wanted to see what assembly is all about.
The tutorial I'll be looking at is by VTC [[link]](http://www.vtc.com/products/Assembly-Language-Programming-Tutorials.htm).
What I want to know is: are the tutorials that I'm about to do compatible with the assembly version on the Mac that I have?
I am completely new to this language although I do recall studying some of it way, way back in the day. I do have Xcode and what I'm wondering is what kind of document would I open in Xcode to work with assembly and does the Mac have a built in hex editor (when it comes time to needing it)? | 2010/04/16 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/2656485",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/305680/"
] | A good way to pick up assembly is to get yourself an embedded device to play with.
TI has some [nice, inexpensive devkits](http://focus.ti.com/mcu/docs/mcuprodmsptoolsw.tsp?sectionId=95&tabId=1203&familyId=342&toolTypeId=1) to play with. I've poked around with the Chronos kit ($50) which has digital watch with a programmable MSP430 microcontroller with a wireless link to your computer. It's pretty sweet.
**Update:** I forgot to mention the [Arduino](http://www.arduino.cc/). It's a pretty nifty open platform with tons of interesting peripherals and projects online. | An assembly language is instruction architecture specific. Chips are an instantiation of an instruction architecture.
In my opinion, you are best served by getting TextWrangler and directly compiling with gcc.
The file extension you are looking for is `.s`. |
2,656,485 | I am on a Mac with Snow Leopard (10.6.3). I hear that the assembly language I work with has to be valid with the chipset that you use. I am completely new to this I have a basic background in C and Objective-C programming and an almost strong background in PHP. I have always wanted to see what assembly is all about.
The tutorial I'll be looking at is by VTC [[link]](http://www.vtc.com/products/Assembly-Language-Programming-Tutorials.htm).
What I want to know is: are the tutorials that I'm about to do compatible with the assembly version on the Mac that I have?
I am completely new to this language although I do recall studying some of it way, way back in the day. I do have Xcode and what I'm wondering is what kind of document would I open in Xcode to work with assembly and does the Mac have a built in hex editor (when it comes time to needing it)? | 2010/04/16 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/2656485",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/305680/"
] | The assembly language you use is not dependent on your OS but rather your CPU's instruction set. Judging by your Mac version, I'd say you are using an Intel processor - so you would want to learn x86 or amd64 assembly. | Assembly, for any processor, will be more or less the same in concept. However, the *complexity* varies between processors. From what I see in your site, you'd be doing x86 assembler, (x86 being the instruction set all consumer-line Intel processors use, which recent Macs and all PCs use) which can turn out to be fairly complex, but not overwhelming if you learn by steps.
XCode works with plain text files, I believe. [Hex Fiend](http://ridiculousfish.com/hexfiend/) for your hex editing needs, if you come across them.
Do keep in mind, Assembly is *extremely low-level*. No ifs, whiles, or in fact any control loop save for "do operation and GOTO if results in (not) zero/equal" (unless your assembler provides them as syntactic sugar, which kind of beats the purpose, in my opinion). PHP knowledge will be at most tangentially useful. You C knowledge should serve you well, though. |
2,656,485 | I am on a Mac with Snow Leopard (10.6.3). I hear that the assembly language I work with has to be valid with the chipset that you use. I am completely new to this I have a basic background in C and Objective-C programming and an almost strong background in PHP. I have always wanted to see what assembly is all about.
The tutorial I'll be looking at is by VTC [[link]](http://www.vtc.com/products/Assembly-Language-Programming-Tutorials.htm).
What I want to know is: are the tutorials that I'm about to do compatible with the assembly version on the Mac that I have?
I am completely new to this language although I do recall studying some of it way, way back in the day. I do have Xcode and what I'm wondering is what kind of document would I open in Xcode to work with assembly and does the Mac have a built in hex editor (when it comes time to needing it)? | 2010/04/16 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/2656485",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/305680/"
] | The assembly language you use is not dependent on your OS but rather your CPU's instruction set. Judging by your Mac version, I'd say you are using an Intel processor - so you would want to learn x86 or amd64 assembly. | A good way to pick up assembly is to get yourself an embedded device to play with.
TI has some [nice, inexpensive devkits](http://focus.ti.com/mcu/docs/mcuprodmsptoolsw.tsp?sectionId=95&tabId=1203&familyId=342&toolTypeId=1) to play with. I've poked around with the Chronos kit ($50) which has digital watch with a programmable MSP430 microcontroller with a wireless link to your computer. It's pretty sweet.
**Update:** I forgot to mention the [Arduino](http://www.arduino.cc/). It's a pretty nifty open platform with tons of interesting peripherals and projects online. |
2,656,485 | I am on a Mac with Snow Leopard (10.6.3). I hear that the assembly language I work with has to be valid with the chipset that you use. I am completely new to this I have a basic background in C and Objective-C programming and an almost strong background in PHP. I have always wanted to see what assembly is all about.
The tutorial I'll be looking at is by VTC [[link]](http://www.vtc.com/products/Assembly-Language-Programming-Tutorials.htm).
What I want to know is: are the tutorials that I'm about to do compatible with the assembly version on the Mac that I have?
I am completely new to this language although I do recall studying some of it way, way back in the day. I do have Xcode and what I'm wondering is what kind of document would I open in Xcode to work with assembly and does the Mac have a built in hex editor (when it comes time to needing it)? | 2010/04/16 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/2656485",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/305680/"
] | The assembly language you use is not dependent on your OS but rather your CPU's instruction set. Judging by your Mac version, I'd say you are using an Intel processor - so you would want to learn x86 or amd64 assembly. | The linked tutorials look like they use NASM, which is included with Macs. However, system calls are usually different on different platforms (they're very different between Mac and Linux), and without seeing the tutorials, it's hard to know whether they'll target different platforms (I'd guess not, though). A better bet might be to install [SPIM](http://pages.cs.wisc.edu/~larus/spim.html) and to learn MIPS assembly, which is more straightforward than x86 anyways. |
2,656,485 | I am on a Mac with Snow Leopard (10.6.3). I hear that the assembly language I work with has to be valid with the chipset that you use. I am completely new to this I have a basic background in C and Objective-C programming and an almost strong background in PHP. I have always wanted to see what assembly is all about.
The tutorial I'll be looking at is by VTC [[link]](http://www.vtc.com/products/Assembly-Language-Programming-Tutorials.htm).
What I want to know is: are the tutorials that I'm about to do compatible with the assembly version on the Mac that I have?
I am completely new to this language although I do recall studying some of it way, way back in the day. I do have Xcode and what I'm wondering is what kind of document would I open in Xcode to work with assembly and does the Mac have a built in hex editor (when it comes time to needing it)? | 2010/04/16 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/2656485",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/305680/"
] | A good way to pick up assembly is to get yourself an embedded device to play with.
TI has some [nice, inexpensive devkits](http://focus.ti.com/mcu/docs/mcuprodmsptoolsw.tsp?sectionId=95&tabId=1203&familyId=342&toolTypeId=1) to play with. I've poked around with the Chronos kit ($50) which has digital watch with a programmable MSP430 microcontroller with a wireless link to your computer. It's pretty sweet.
**Update:** I forgot to mention the [Arduino](http://www.arduino.cc/). It's a pretty nifty open platform with tons of interesting peripherals and projects online. | Assembly, for any processor, will be more or less the same in concept. However, the *complexity* varies between processors. From what I see in your site, you'd be doing x86 assembler, (x86 being the instruction set all consumer-line Intel processors use, which recent Macs and all PCs use) which can turn out to be fairly complex, but not overwhelming if you learn by steps.
XCode works with plain text files, I believe. [Hex Fiend](http://ridiculousfish.com/hexfiend/) for your hex editing needs, if you come across them.
Do keep in mind, Assembly is *extremely low-level*. No ifs, whiles, or in fact any control loop save for "do operation and GOTO if results in (not) zero/equal" (unless your assembler provides them as syntactic sugar, which kind of beats the purpose, in my opinion). PHP knowledge will be at most tangentially useful. You C knowledge should serve you well, though. |
2,656,485 | I am on a Mac with Snow Leopard (10.6.3). I hear that the assembly language I work with has to be valid with the chipset that you use. I am completely new to this I have a basic background in C and Objective-C programming and an almost strong background in PHP. I have always wanted to see what assembly is all about.
The tutorial I'll be looking at is by VTC [[link]](http://www.vtc.com/products/Assembly-Language-Programming-Tutorials.htm).
What I want to know is: are the tutorials that I'm about to do compatible with the assembly version on the Mac that I have?
I am completely new to this language although I do recall studying some of it way, way back in the day. I do have Xcode and what I'm wondering is what kind of document would I open in Xcode to work with assembly and does the Mac have a built in hex editor (when it comes time to needing it)? | 2010/04/16 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/2656485",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/305680/"
] | A good way to pick up assembly is to get yourself an embedded device to play with.
TI has some [nice, inexpensive devkits](http://focus.ti.com/mcu/docs/mcuprodmsptoolsw.tsp?sectionId=95&tabId=1203&familyId=342&toolTypeId=1) to play with. I've poked around with the Chronos kit ($50) which has digital watch with a programmable MSP430 microcontroller with a wireless link to your computer. It's pretty sweet.
**Update:** I forgot to mention the [Arduino](http://www.arduino.cc/). It's a pretty nifty open platform with tons of interesting peripherals and projects online. | The linked tutorials look like they use NASM, which is included with Macs. However, system calls are usually different on different platforms (they're very different between Mac and Linux), and without seeing the tutorials, it's hard to know whether they'll target different platforms (I'd guess not, though). A better bet might be to install [SPIM](http://pages.cs.wisc.edu/~larus/spim.html) and to learn MIPS assembly, which is more straightforward than x86 anyways. |
343 | One of the appeals of traditional games such as Chess, Go, Backgammon, or Poker is the depth that they have acquired over the years; long-standing communities and traditions, wide range of players from different backgrounds, depth of strategic analysis that has occurred over the years, and wide range of skill levels with very strong top players that comes about from years of study and training.
Many newer games are mere flashes in the pan; fun for a while, but ultimately replaced after a few years with something newer and shinier. Many of them have the potential to gain such depth, but they are crowded in a field of other games, and do not really develop their own independent communities nor a significant pool of people to put in the time and dedication to create a strong competitive system.
What recent games (defined as having been invented within the past century or so) have managed to achieve this sort of durability; their own cultures and communities, high-level tournament play, strong strategic analysis and a broad range of player skill? What games have not yet had time to (past 10 years or so), but do you feel have the seeds of such depth?
Here are some criteria that can help determine if a game has reached this level. Not all criteria need apply, or may not apply exactly, but the more the better.
* Significant tournaments with professional or semi-pro players; or large amateur tournaments at a national or international level.
* Official rating or ranking system (or more than one) with hundreds of players and a wide range of abilities represented.
* Significant coverage in mainstream media, not just passing references or coverage in game-specific media.
* Multiple independent publications discussing the game specifically (not as one of many, but dedicated to the game in question). Books, magazines, professional level blogs or e-zines, etc.
* Professional on-line or software implementations dedicated to this game, or many independent computer implementations in systems which cover multiple games with hundreds of active players.
* Popularity in groups of people outside of of traditional gamer groups; cultural relevance of the game outside of the gaming community.
* Multiple clubs (regional, city, or university) dedicated to this game in particular, not gaming or a particular genre of gaming in general. | 2010/10/20 | [
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/questions/343",
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com",
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/users/112/"
] | **[Scrabble](http://boardgamegeek.com/boardgame/320/scrabble)**
The game mechanics are very simple, but the game is far from simple. Unlike a game like Magic the Gathering, Scrabble achieves it's depth of near infinite possibilities with a simple board and a 100 wooden tiles. Each play on the board has an immediate effect on what future possible actions players can take. Scrabble [has it's own dictionary](http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0877794200), [had a TV show](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrabble_%28game_show%29), has an established tournament structure, and can be played online. Scrabble has appeared also on numerous consoles and computer systems.
Playing scrabble well requires critical thinking, and good spelling. First published in 1948, Scrabble continues to remain popular even today. | **Hex** and other connection games like Twixt
Cameron Browne has written a book of analysis and online play is pretty active. I haven't heard of any tournaments in person, though. As much as I love Hex, my personal favourite connection game is Akron, invented by Cameron Browne. |
343 | One of the appeals of traditional games such as Chess, Go, Backgammon, or Poker is the depth that they have acquired over the years; long-standing communities and traditions, wide range of players from different backgrounds, depth of strategic analysis that has occurred over the years, and wide range of skill levels with very strong top players that comes about from years of study and training.
Many newer games are mere flashes in the pan; fun for a while, but ultimately replaced after a few years with something newer and shinier. Many of them have the potential to gain such depth, but they are crowded in a field of other games, and do not really develop their own independent communities nor a significant pool of people to put in the time and dedication to create a strong competitive system.
What recent games (defined as having been invented within the past century or so) have managed to achieve this sort of durability; their own cultures and communities, high-level tournament play, strong strategic analysis and a broad range of player skill? What games have not yet had time to (past 10 years or so), but do you feel have the seeds of such depth?
Here are some criteria that can help determine if a game has reached this level. Not all criteria need apply, or may not apply exactly, but the more the better.
* Significant tournaments with professional or semi-pro players; or large amateur tournaments at a national or international level.
* Official rating or ranking system (or more than one) with hundreds of players and a wide range of abilities represented.
* Significant coverage in mainstream media, not just passing references or coverage in game-specific media.
* Multiple independent publications discussing the game specifically (not as one of many, but dedicated to the game in question). Books, magazines, professional level blogs or e-zines, etc.
* Professional on-line or software implementations dedicated to this game, or many independent computer implementations in systems which cover multiple games with hundreds of active players.
* Popularity in groups of people outside of of traditional gamer groups; cultural relevance of the game outside of the gaming community.
* Multiple clubs (regional, city, or university) dedicated to this game in particular, not gaming or a particular genre of gaming in general. | 2010/10/20 | [
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/questions/343",
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com",
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/users/112/"
] | **[Scrabble](http://boardgamegeek.com/boardgame/320/scrabble)**
The game mechanics are very simple, but the game is far from simple. Unlike a game like Magic the Gathering, Scrabble achieves it's depth of near infinite possibilities with a simple board and a 100 wooden tiles. Each play on the board has an immediate effect on what future possible actions players can take. Scrabble [has it's own dictionary](http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0877794200), [had a TV show](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrabble_%28game_show%29), has an established tournament structure, and can be played online. Scrabble has appeared also on numerous consoles and computer systems.
Playing scrabble well requires critical thinking, and good spelling. First published in 1948, Scrabble continues to remain popular even today. | One game that has "not yet had time to, but..." has the seeds of depth is **Settlers of Catan**.
It's too new to really have the depth of community analysis we're talking about here yet. Yet it *does* have an entrenched and widespread community, multiple (electronic and board) reimplementations, and the strategic depth to support serious analysis. (For example, a moment's web search reveals numerous articles on the mathematics of resource exploitation.)
I'll be interested to see where it is in thirty years. |
343 | One of the appeals of traditional games such as Chess, Go, Backgammon, or Poker is the depth that they have acquired over the years; long-standing communities and traditions, wide range of players from different backgrounds, depth of strategic analysis that has occurred over the years, and wide range of skill levels with very strong top players that comes about from years of study and training.
Many newer games are mere flashes in the pan; fun for a while, but ultimately replaced after a few years with something newer and shinier. Many of them have the potential to gain such depth, but they are crowded in a field of other games, and do not really develop their own independent communities nor a significant pool of people to put in the time and dedication to create a strong competitive system.
What recent games (defined as having been invented within the past century or so) have managed to achieve this sort of durability; their own cultures and communities, high-level tournament play, strong strategic analysis and a broad range of player skill? What games have not yet had time to (past 10 years or so), but do you feel have the seeds of such depth?
Here are some criteria that can help determine if a game has reached this level. Not all criteria need apply, or may not apply exactly, but the more the better.
* Significant tournaments with professional or semi-pro players; or large amateur tournaments at a national or international level.
* Official rating or ranking system (or more than one) with hundreds of players and a wide range of abilities represented.
* Significant coverage in mainstream media, not just passing references or coverage in game-specific media.
* Multiple independent publications discussing the game specifically (not as one of many, but dedicated to the game in question). Books, magazines, professional level blogs or e-zines, etc.
* Professional on-line or software implementations dedicated to this game, or many independent computer implementations in systems which cover multiple games with hundreds of active players.
* Popularity in groups of people outside of of traditional gamer groups; cultural relevance of the game outside of the gaming community.
* Multiple clubs (regional, city, or university) dedicated to this game in particular, not gaming or a particular genre of gaming in general. | 2010/10/20 | [
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/questions/343",
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com",
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/users/112/"
] | Magic - The Gathering
---------------------
This simple looking card game transformed the industry quickly leading to huge tournaments culminating in a World Championship. It has been going strong for over 15 years and shows no sign of stopping.
Strategies mutate and change with every release, but the good players are able to adapt and continue to remain strong.
* **Tournaments**: The [World Championship](http://www.wizards.com/Magic/TCG/Events.aspx?x=events/magic/worlds) is the culmination of many levels of feeder tournaments. There are a large number of people in many countries that play the game on a semi-pro basis.
* **Official Rating system** - [check](http://www.wizards.com/default.asp?x=dci/welcome), The rating system has been active and supported for over a decade.
* **Mainstream coverage** - [NY Times](http://www.nytimes.com/1996/02/19/nyregion/magic-casts-a-spell-on-players-there-s-mayhem-and-money-in-fantasy-card-game.html), [USA Today](http://www.usatoday.com/life/lifestyle/2004-06-20-magic_x.htm), GAMES magazine [Hall of Fame](http://www.gamesmagazine-online.com/gameslinks/hallofame.html), [broadcasts on ESPN](http://www.poetv.com/video.php?vid=34890), many others.
* **Publications**
+ 529 book references on Amazon for "Magic the Gathering", a lot of magazine have publishing price guides and articles for Magic over the years.
+ [Scrye](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrye) was my favorite back in the day.
+ [InQuest](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/InQuest_%28magazine%29) was another popular magazine.
* Online or Software support
+ Two videogames released in 1997 (*Magic: The Gathering* and *Magic: The Gathering: Battlemage*
+ *Magic: The Gathering Online* was released in 2002 and is still played by hundreds of thousands of people | **Hex** and other connection games like Twixt
Cameron Browne has written a book of analysis and online play is pretty active. I haven't heard of any tournaments in person, though. As much as I love Hex, my personal favourite connection game is Akron, invented by Cameron Browne. |
343 | One of the appeals of traditional games such as Chess, Go, Backgammon, or Poker is the depth that they have acquired over the years; long-standing communities and traditions, wide range of players from different backgrounds, depth of strategic analysis that has occurred over the years, and wide range of skill levels with very strong top players that comes about from years of study and training.
Many newer games are mere flashes in the pan; fun for a while, but ultimately replaced after a few years with something newer and shinier. Many of them have the potential to gain such depth, but they are crowded in a field of other games, and do not really develop their own independent communities nor a significant pool of people to put in the time and dedication to create a strong competitive system.
What recent games (defined as having been invented within the past century or so) have managed to achieve this sort of durability; their own cultures and communities, high-level tournament play, strong strategic analysis and a broad range of player skill? What games have not yet had time to (past 10 years or so), but do you feel have the seeds of such depth?
Here are some criteria that can help determine if a game has reached this level. Not all criteria need apply, or may not apply exactly, but the more the better.
* Significant tournaments with professional or semi-pro players; or large amateur tournaments at a national or international level.
* Official rating or ranking system (or more than one) with hundreds of players and a wide range of abilities represented.
* Significant coverage in mainstream media, not just passing references or coverage in game-specific media.
* Multiple independent publications discussing the game specifically (not as one of many, but dedicated to the game in question). Books, magazines, professional level blogs or e-zines, etc.
* Professional on-line or software implementations dedicated to this game, or many independent computer implementations in systems which cover multiple games with hundreds of active players.
* Popularity in groups of people outside of of traditional gamer groups; cultural relevance of the game outside of the gaming community.
* Multiple clubs (regional, city, or university) dedicated to this game in particular, not gaming or a particular genre of gaming in general. | 2010/10/20 | [
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/questions/343",
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com",
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/users/112/"
] | Magic - The Gathering
---------------------
This simple looking card game transformed the industry quickly leading to huge tournaments culminating in a World Championship. It has been going strong for over 15 years and shows no sign of stopping.
Strategies mutate and change with every release, but the good players are able to adapt and continue to remain strong.
* **Tournaments**: The [World Championship](http://www.wizards.com/Magic/TCG/Events.aspx?x=events/magic/worlds) is the culmination of many levels of feeder tournaments. There are a large number of people in many countries that play the game on a semi-pro basis.
* **Official Rating system** - [check](http://www.wizards.com/default.asp?x=dci/welcome), The rating system has been active and supported for over a decade.
* **Mainstream coverage** - [NY Times](http://www.nytimes.com/1996/02/19/nyregion/magic-casts-a-spell-on-players-there-s-mayhem-and-money-in-fantasy-card-game.html), [USA Today](http://www.usatoday.com/life/lifestyle/2004-06-20-magic_x.htm), GAMES magazine [Hall of Fame](http://www.gamesmagazine-online.com/gameslinks/hallofame.html), [broadcasts on ESPN](http://www.poetv.com/video.php?vid=34890), many others.
* **Publications**
+ 529 book references on Amazon for "Magic the Gathering", a lot of magazine have publishing price guides and articles for Magic over the years.
+ [Scrye](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrye) was my favorite back in the day.
+ [InQuest](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/InQuest_%28magazine%29) was another popular magazine.
* Online or Software support
+ Two videogames released in 1997 (*Magic: The Gathering* and *Magic: The Gathering: Battlemage*
+ *Magic: The Gathering Online* was released in 2002 and is still played by hundreds of thousands of people | **Contract Bridge and Duplicate Bridge**
Technically speaking the modern form of the game was devised around 1925 (by Harold S Vanderbilt). There were variants earlier like auction bridge, which don't fall into the past century category I suppose.
Every point you speak of is true for bridge (concentrating mainly on USA).
* Tournaments: USA itself holds nationals at least two times a year, with a world championship (Bermuda Bowl) held every 2 years, at different locations in the world. Many countries have their own set of tournaments.
* Ranking System: ACBL (American Contract Bridge League) has a masterpoint system with milestones like Master, Life Master etc. World Bridge Federation also seems to have a ranking.
* In the 1950s/60 etc Bridge was one of the major games getting media coverage. This has declined, though.
* Too many books, magazines devoted to bridge.
* At least two competing online bridge sites (BBO and okbridge). There are also software like Jack and GIB which are designed to play and teach. There are even computer player only tournaments where these software like Jack compete.
* Mainly popular outside traditional gamer groups.
* Almost every major city in the US has at least one club which holds weekly games. |
343 | One of the appeals of traditional games such as Chess, Go, Backgammon, or Poker is the depth that they have acquired over the years; long-standing communities and traditions, wide range of players from different backgrounds, depth of strategic analysis that has occurred over the years, and wide range of skill levels with very strong top players that comes about from years of study and training.
Many newer games are mere flashes in the pan; fun for a while, but ultimately replaced after a few years with something newer and shinier. Many of them have the potential to gain such depth, but they are crowded in a field of other games, and do not really develop their own independent communities nor a significant pool of people to put in the time and dedication to create a strong competitive system.
What recent games (defined as having been invented within the past century or so) have managed to achieve this sort of durability; their own cultures and communities, high-level tournament play, strong strategic analysis and a broad range of player skill? What games have not yet had time to (past 10 years or so), but do you feel have the seeds of such depth?
Here are some criteria that can help determine if a game has reached this level. Not all criteria need apply, or may not apply exactly, but the more the better.
* Significant tournaments with professional or semi-pro players; or large amateur tournaments at a national or international level.
* Official rating or ranking system (or more than one) with hundreds of players and a wide range of abilities represented.
* Significant coverage in mainstream media, not just passing references or coverage in game-specific media.
* Multiple independent publications discussing the game specifically (not as one of many, but dedicated to the game in question). Books, magazines, professional level blogs or e-zines, etc.
* Professional on-line or software implementations dedicated to this game, or many independent computer implementations in systems which cover multiple games with hundreds of active players.
* Popularity in groups of people outside of of traditional gamer groups; cultural relevance of the game outside of the gaming community.
* Multiple clubs (regional, city, or university) dedicated to this game in particular, not gaming or a particular genre of gaming in general. | 2010/10/20 | [
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/questions/343",
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com",
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/users/112/"
] | **Diplomacy**
This has all of these things - a distinctive culture, played in tournaments, ranking systems, extensive opening and endgame analysis with named opening patterns.
There is also a still-extant play-by-mail culture, PBEM through the Judges and a [string](http://www.conquestofnations.com/) [of](http://www.playdiplomacy.com/) [on-line](http://webdiplomacy.net/) [play](http://www.olidip.net/) [sites](http://apps.facebook.com/phpdiplomacy/)
It was first published in 1958, so it's now 50 years old.
* There are a number of amateur tournaments, starting from the early 1970s, up to the annual World DipCon, running since 1988.
* There are a lot of unofficial ranking systems, but there is neither an official one, nor one that covers the diversity of ways to play (websites, PBEM/judges, PBM, face-to-face, tournament). Many PBM 'zines and most websites have ranking systems for their users.
* Diplomacy got more coverage in the past than it does now, but when Kissinger spends a lot of time talking about the game, you know it's had a mainstream impact.
* Dedicated publications coming out of your ears: [Diplomacy World](http://www.diplomacyworld.net/) is up to issue 117 (as of April 2012). I don't think there has ever been a fully-pro periodical, but there are a number of published books.
* Multiple independent software implementations - yes, and so much so that there is now a standardised complete test suite for conformance to the rules ([DATC](http://web.inter.nl.net/users/L.B.Kruijswijk/)).
* Popularity outside of gamer-culture, probably the weakest, though getting a Secretary of State and a President playing is still kinda impressive. JFK played as well as Kissinger; Nixon is thought to have done so. I dread to imagine playing with both Nixon and Kissinger.
* Clubs, Oh yes. 75 just counting those listed on one [relatively obscure website](http://www.diplom.org/DipPouch/Face/hobby_info/) | **Hex** and other connection games like Twixt
Cameron Browne has written a book of analysis and online play is pretty active. I haven't heard of any tournaments in person, though. As much as I love Hex, my personal favourite connection game is Akron, invented by Cameron Browne. |
343 | One of the appeals of traditional games such as Chess, Go, Backgammon, or Poker is the depth that they have acquired over the years; long-standing communities and traditions, wide range of players from different backgrounds, depth of strategic analysis that has occurred over the years, and wide range of skill levels with very strong top players that comes about from years of study and training.
Many newer games are mere flashes in the pan; fun for a while, but ultimately replaced after a few years with something newer and shinier. Many of them have the potential to gain such depth, but they are crowded in a field of other games, and do not really develop their own independent communities nor a significant pool of people to put in the time and dedication to create a strong competitive system.
What recent games (defined as having been invented within the past century or so) have managed to achieve this sort of durability; their own cultures and communities, high-level tournament play, strong strategic analysis and a broad range of player skill? What games have not yet had time to (past 10 years or so), but do you feel have the seeds of such depth?
Here are some criteria that can help determine if a game has reached this level. Not all criteria need apply, or may not apply exactly, but the more the better.
* Significant tournaments with professional or semi-pro players; or large amateur tournaments at a national or international level.
* Official rating or ranking system (or more than one) with hundreds of players and a wide range of abilities represented.
* Significant coverage in mainstream media, not just passing references or coverage in game-specific media.
* Multiple independent publications discussing the game specifically (not as one of many, but dedicated to the game in question). Books, magazines, professional level blogs or e-zines, etc.
* Professional on-line or software implementations dedicated to this game, or many independent computer implementations in systems which cover multiple games with hundreds of active players.
* Popularity in groups of people outside of of traditional gamer groups; cultural relevance of the game outside of the gaming community.
* Multiple clubs (regional, city, or university) dedicated to this game in particular, not gaming or a particular genre of gaming in general. | 2010/10/20 | [
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/questions/343",
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com",
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/users/112/"
] | Dominion
========
I don't expect a lot of votes up because the game is very new, but I think Dominion has the potential to do a much better job qualifying in the long run than Magic: The Gathering. The problem with any Trading Card Game, in my opinion, is the high financial barrier to entry, as well as the potential significance of limited run cards. To put it more clearly, if you spend more money, show up at more promotional events and have been playing longer than I, you are going to have a much larger set of cards to choose from, and this could give you an insurmountable advantage. If I just don't understand and any starter deck could beat the deck of an experienced player, then I guess I'm mistaken, but I doubt that's the case. One could argue that this is part of the game or meta-game, but I would argue that one of the great virtues of games like chess, go, backgammon or poker is that you can own a set for very little cost to you, and introduce a new player without their having to purchase anything at all.
Dominion, in contrast to Magic, has a much lower barrier to entry because new players can simply join in on a game with your set, and because in a given game all players have the same resources available to them at the beginning.
Now to argue against both games' inclusion: chess, go, etcetera are expanded in depth as a result of exploration of new strategies within the existing game framework. Most modern games, including both Dominion and Magic, are expanded by the addition of new game elements. One could argue that games like chess and go must have gone through an evolutionary phase like this before reaching their current form, and I suppose that is possible, but I certainly think that a game that is still adding features cannot be called "deep" in the same way that these older games can. Perhaps one day Dominion will attain this status, but I think at this point I couldn't vote up my own answer in good conscience. | ### [Advanced Squad Leader](http://www.multimanpublishing.com) (ASL)
The ultimate game of WW2 squad level fighting, where anything that could be done in WW2 can be modeled (rockets, paratroopers, any vehicle ever used, etc.). It has a dedicated community with ongoing tournaments. There are over two thousand scenarios for it, and many modules and addons.
It has clubs throughout the world, tournaments all year round, many publications that support it solely and many publications that print scenarios and other articles for it. It has two different rating systems, OARS which is just for ASL, and AREA which is used for many wargames (though nowadays I think AREA is mostly used). It has many websites, forums and blogs that discuss it. |
343 | One of the appeals of traditional games such as Chess, Go, Backgammon, or Poker is the depth that they have acquired over the years; long-standing communities and traditions, wide range of players from different backgrounds, depth of strategic analysis that has occurred over the years, and wide range of skill levels with very strong top players that comes about from years of study and training.
Many newer games are mere flashes in the pan; fun for a while, but ultimately replaced after a few years with something newer and shinier. Many of them have the potential to gain such depth, but they are crowded in a field of other games, and do not really develop their own independent communities nor a significant pool of people to put in the time and dedication to create a strong competitive system.
What recent games (defined as having been invented within the past century or so) have managed to achieve this sort of durability; their own cultures and communities, high-level tournament play, strong strategic analysis and a broad range of player skill? What games have not yet had time to (past 10 years or so), but do you feel have the seeds of such depth?
Here are some criteria that can help determine if a game has reached this level. Not all criteria need apply, or may not apply exactly, but the more the better.
* Significant tournaments with professional or semi-pro players; or large amateur tournaments at a national or international level.
* Official rating or ranking system (or more than one) with hundreds of players and a wide range of abilities represented.
* Significant coverage in mainstream media, not just passing references or coverage in game-specific media.
* Multiple independent publications discussing the game specifically (not as one of many, but dedicated to the game in question). Books, magazines, professional level blogs or e-zines, etc.
* Professional on-line or software implementations dedicated to this game, or many independent computer implementations in systems which cover multiple games with hundreds of active players.
* Popularity in groups of people outside of of traditional gamer groups; cultural relevance of the game outside of the gaming community.
* Multiple clubs (regional, city, or university) dedicated to this game in particular, not gaming or a particular genre of gaming in general. | 2010/10/20 | [
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/questions/343",
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com",
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/users/112/"
] | **[Scrabble](http://boardgamegeek.com/boardgame/320/scrabble)**
The game mechanics are very simple, but the game is far from simple. Unlike a game like Magic the Gathering, Scrabble achieves it's depth of near infinite possibilities with a simple board and a 100 wooden tiles. Each play on the board has an immediate effect on what future possible actions players can take. Scrabble [has it's own dictionary](http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0877794200), [had a TV show](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrabble_%28game_show%29), has an established tournament structure, and can be played online. Scrabble has appeared also on numerous consoles and computer systems.
Playing scrabble well requires critical thinking, and good spelling. First published in 1948, Scrabble continues to remain popular even today. | **Contract Bridge and Duplicate Bridge**
Technically speaking the modern form of the game was devised around 1925 (by Harold S Vanderbilt). There were variants earlier like auction bridge, which don't fall into the past century category I suppose.
Every point you speak of is true for bridge (concentrating mainly on USA).
* Tournaments: USA itself holds nationals at least two times a year, with a world championship (Bermuda Bowl) held every 2 years, at different locations in the world. Many countries have their own set of tournaments.
* Ranking System: ACBL (American Contract Bridge League) has a masterpoint system with milestones like Master, Life Master etc. World Bridge Federation also seems to have a ranking.
* In the 1950s/60 etc Bridge was one of the major games getting media coverage. This has declined, though.
* Too many books, magazines devoted to bridge.
* At least two competing online bridge sites (BBO and okbridge). There are also software like Jack and GIB which are designed to play and teach. There are even computer player only tournaments where these software like Jack compete.
* Mainly popular outside traditional gamer groups.
* Almost every major city in the US has at least one club which holds weekly games. |
343 | One of the appeals of traditional games such as Chess, Go, Backgammon, or Poker is the depth that they have acquired over the years; long-standing communities and traditions, wide range of players from different backgrounds, depth of strategic analysis that has occurred over the years, and wide range of skill levels with very strong top players that comes about from years of study and training.
Many newer games are mere flashes in the pan; fun for a while, but ultimately replaced after a few years with something newer and shinier. Many of them have the potential to gain such depth, but they are crowded in a field of other games, and do not really develop their own independent communities nor a significant pool of people to put in the time and dedication to create a strong competitive system.
What recent games (defined as having been invented within the past century or so) have managed to achieve this sort of durability; their own cultures and communities, high-level tournament play, strong strategic analysis and a broad range of player skill? What games have not yet had time to (past 10 years or so), but do you feel have the seeds of such depth?
Here are some criteria that can help determine if a game has reached this level. Not all criteria need apply, or may not apply exactly, but the more the better.
* Significant tournaments with professional or semi-pro players; or large amateur tournaments at a national or international level.
* Official rating or ranking system (or more than one) with hundreds of players and a wide range of abilities represented.
* Significant coverage in mainstream media, not just passing references or coverage in game-specific media.
* Multiple independent publications discussing the game specifically (not as one of many, but dedicated to the game in question). Books, magazines, professional level blogs or e-zines, etc.
* Professional on-line or software implementations dedicated to this game, or many independent computer implementations in systems which cover multiple games with hundreds of active players.
* Popularity in groups of people outside of of traditional gamer groups; cultural relevance of the game outside of the gaming community.
* Multiple clubs (regional, city, or university) dedicated to this game in particular, not gaming or a particular genre of gaming in general. | 2010/10/20 | [
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/questions/343",
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com",
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/users/112/"
] | One game that has "not yet had time to, but..." has the seeds of depth is **Settlers of Catan**.
It's too new to really have the depth of community analysis we're talking about here yet. Yet it *does* have an entrenched and widespread community, multiple (electronic and board) reimplementations, and the strategic depth to support serious analysis. (For example, a moment's web search reveals numerous articles on the mathematics of resource exploitation.)
I'll be interested to see where it is in thirty years. | **Hex** and other connection games like Twixt
Cameron Browne has written a book of analysis and online play is pretty active. I haven't heard of any tournaments in person, though. As much as I love Hex, my personal favourite connection game is Akron, invented by Cameron Browne. |
343 | One of the appeals of traditional games such as Chess, Go, Backgammon, or Poker is the depth that they have acquired over the years; long-standing communities and traditions, wide range of players from different backgrounds, depth of strategic analysis that has occurred over the years, and wide range of skill levels with very strong top players that comes about from years of study and training.
Many newer games are mere flashes in the pan; fun for a while, but ultimately replaced after a few years with something newer and shinier. Many of them have the potential to gain such depth, but they are crowded in a field of other games, and do not really develop their own independent communities nor a significant pool of people to put in the time and dedication to create a strong competitive system.
What recent games (defined as having been invented within the past century or so) have managed to achieve this sort of durability; their own cultures and communities, high-level tournament play, strong strategic analysis and a broad range of player skill? What games have not yet had time to (past 10 years or so), but do you feel have the seeds of such depth?
Here are some criteria that can help determine if a game has reached this level. Not all criteria need apply, or may not apply exactly, but the more the better.
* Significant tournaments with professional or semi-pro players; or large amateur tournaments at a national or international level.
* Official rating or ranking system (or more than one) with hundreds of players and a wide range of abilities represented.
* Significant coverage in mainstream media, not just passing references or coverage in game-specific media.
* Multiple independent publications discussing the game specifically (not as one of many, but dedicated to the game in question). Books, magazines, professional level blogs or e-zines, etc.
* Professional on-line or software implementations dedicated to this game, or many independent computer implementations in systems which cover multiple games with hundreds of active players.
* Popularity in groups of people outside of of traditional gamer groups; cultural relevance of the game outside of the gaming community.
* Multiple clubs (regional, city, or university) dedicated to this game in particular, not gaming or a particular genre of gaming in general. | 2010/10/20 | [
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/questions/343",
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com",
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/users/112/"
] | Magic - The Gathering
---------------------
This simple looking card game transformed the industry quickly leading to huge tournaments culminating in a World Championship. It has been going strong for over 15 years and shows no sign of stopping.
Strategies mutate and change with every release, but the good players are able to adapt and continue to remain strong.
* **Tournaments**: The [World Championship](http://www.wizards.com/Magic/TCG/Events.aspx?x=events/magic/worlds) is the culmination of many levels of feeder tournaments. There are a large number of people in many countries that play the game on a semi-pro basis.
* **Official Rating system** - [check](http://www.wizards.com/default.asp?x=dci/welcome), The rating system has been active and supported for over a decade.
* **Mainstream coverage** - [NY Times](http://www.nytimes.com/1996/02/19/nyregion/magic-casts-a-spell-on-players-there-s-mayhem-and-money-in-fantasy-card-game.html), [USA Today](http://www.usatoday.com/life/lifestyle/2004-06-20-magic_x.htm), GAMES magazine [Hall of Fame](http://www.gamesmagazine-online.com/gameslinks/hallofame.html), [broadcasts on ESPN](http://www.poetv.com/video.php?vid=34890), many others.
* **Publications**
+ 529 book references on Amazon for "Magic the Gathering", a lot of magazine have publishing price guides and articles for Magic over the years.
+ [Scrye](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrye) was my favorite back in the day.
+ [InQuest](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/InQuest_%28magazine%29) was another popular magazine.
* Online or Software support
+ Two videogames released in 1997 (*Magic: The Gathering* and *Magic: The Gathering: Battlemage*
+ *Magic: The Gathering Online* was released in 2002 and is still played by hundreds of thousands of people | **Diplomacy**
This has all of these things - a distinctive culture, played in tournaments, ranking systems, extensive opening and endgame analysis with named opening patterns.
There is also a still-extant play-by-mail culture, PBEM through the Judges and a [string](http://www.conquestofnations.com/) [of](http://www.playdiplomacy.com/) [on-line](http://webdiplomacy.net/) [play](http://www.olidip.net/) [sites](http://apps.facebook.com/phpdiplomacy/)
It was first published in 1958, so it's now 50 years old.
* There are a number of amateur tournaments, starting from the early 1970s, up to the annual World DipCon, running since 1988.
* There are a lot of unofficial ranking systems, but there is neither an official one, nor one that covers the diversity of ways to play (websites, PBEM/judges, PBM, face-to-face, tournament). Many PBM 'zines and most websites have ranking systems for their users.
* Diplomacy got more coverage in the past than it does now, but when Kissinger spends a lot of time talking about the game, you know it's had a mainstream impact.
* Dedicated publications coming out of your ears: [Diplomacy World](http://www.diplomacyworld.net/) is up to issue 117 (as of April 2012). I don't think there has ever been a fully-pro periodical, but there are a number of published books.
* Multiple independent software implementations - yes, and so much so that there is now a standardised complete test suite for conformance to the rules ([DATC](http://web.inter.nl.net/users/L.B.Kruijswijk/)).
* Popularity outside of gamer-culture, probably the weakest, though getting a Secretary of State and a President playing is still kinda impressive. JFK played as well as Kissinger; Nixon is thought to have done so. I dread to imagine playing with both Nixon and Kissinger.
* Clubs, Oh yes. 75 just counting those listed on one [relatively obscure website](http://www.diplom.org/DipPouch/Face/hobby_info/) |
343 | One of the appeals of traditional games such as Chess, Go, Backgammon, or Poker is the depth that they have acquired over the years; long-standing communities and traditions, wide range of players from different backgrounds, depth of strategic analysis that has occurred over the years, and wide range of skill levels with very strong top players that comes about from years of study and training.
Many newer games are mere flashes in the pan; fun for a while, but ultimately replaced after a few years with something newer and shinier. Many of them have the potential to gain such depth, but they are crowded in a field of other games, and do not really develop their own independent communities nor a significant pool of people to put in the time and dedication to create a strong competitive system.
What recent games (defined as having been invented within the past century or so) have managed to achieve this sort of durability; their own cultures and communities, high-level tournament play, strong strategic analysis and a broad range of player skill? What games have not yet had time to (past 10 years or so), but do you feel have the seeds of such depth?
Here are some criteria that can help determine if a game has reached this level. Not all criteria need apply, or may not apply exactly, but the more the better.
* Significant tournaments with professional or semi-pro players; or large amateur tournaments at a national or international level.
* Official rating or ranking system (or more than one) with hundreds of players and a wide range of abilities represented.
* Significant coverage in mainstream media, not just passing references or coverage in game-specific media.
* Multiple independent publications discussing the game specifically (not as one of many, but dedicated to the game in question). Books, magazines, professional level blogs or e-zines, etc.
* Professional on-line or software implementations dedicated to this game, or many independent computer implementations in systems which cover multiple games with hundreds of active players.
* Popularity in groups of people outside of of traditional gamer groups; cultural relevance of the game outside of the gaming community.
* Multiple clubs (regional, city, or university) dedicated to this game in particular, not gaming or a particular genre of gaming in general. | 2010/10/20 | [
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/questions/343",
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com",
"https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/users/112/"
] | **Contract Bridge and Duplicate Bridge**
Technically speaking the modern form of the game was devised around 1925 (by Harold S Vanderbilt). There were variants earlier like auction bridge, which don't fall into the past century category I suppose.
Every point you speak of is true for bridge (concentrating mainly on USA).
* Tournaments: USA itself holds nationals at least two times a year, with a world championship (Bermuda Bowl) held every 2 years, at different locations in the world. Many countries have their own set of tournaments.
* Ranking System: ACBL (American Contract Bridge League) has a masterpoint system with milestones like Master, Life Master etc. World Bridge Federation also seems to have a ranking.
* In the 1950s/60 etc Bridge was one of the major games getting media coverage. This has declined, though.
* Too many books, magazines devoted to bridge.
* At least two competing online bridge sites (BBO and okbridge). There are also software like Jack and GIB which are designed to play and teach. There are even computer player only tournaments where these software like Jack compete.
* Mainly popular outside traditional gamer groups.
* Almost every major city in the US has at least one club which holds weekly games. | **Hex** and other connection games like Twixt
Cameron Browne has written a book of analysis and online play is pretty active. I haven't heard of any tournaments in person, though. As much as I love Hex, my personal favourite connection game is Akron, invented by Cameron Browne. |
456,018 | I am looking over something before posting it online and I have a sentence that simply doesn't seem to 'sound' right either way I write it. Specifically, I am trying to decide whether it is more correct to use 'oasis' or 'oases' in the sentence below.
There are two types of [oasis/oases] in the world.
If it makes a difference, these are metaphorical oases.
Thank you in advance for your help! | 2018/07/17 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/456018",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/162157/"
] | The plural of **oasis** is **oases**, which you should use if you have more than one:
>
> There are two types of oases in the world.
>
>
>
But if that doesn't sound right to you, make it singular:
>
> There is more than one type of oasis in the world.
>
>
> | In a comment, John Lawler wrote:
>
> This arises with any word; *There are two types of mountain/banana/book in the world* versus *There are two types of mountains/bananas/books in the world*. Both are correct, singular or plural; there is no difference in meaning. Just speaker's choice, like most such choices.
>
>
> |
36,928 | Recent exchange here got me thinking. Nagarjuna's karika, 1.[3](https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/6fdf/0f7fba9abd29f4151ea20673e21e072463d2.pdf) ([Batchelor](https://www.stephenbatchelor.org/index.php/en/verses-from-the-center))
>
> [Na hi svabhāvo bhāvānāṃ pratyayādiṣu vidyate](https://wikisource.org/wiki/M%C5%ABlamadhyamakak%C4%81rik%C4%81:_first_chapter_in_romanized_Sanskrit_with_diacritics)
>
>
> Avidyamāne svabhāve parabhāvo na vidyate
>
>
> The essence of things does not exist in conditions and so on.
>
>
> If an own thing does not exist, an other thing does not exist.
>
>
>
There is a venerable tradition of different interpretations of Nagarjuna, based on "the two truths".
***Can that phrase be read to mean*** **emptiness does not exist in non-emptiness: if and only if an own thing does not exist in non-emptiness then an other thing does not exist in emptiness**
So the first phrase says that emptiness is empty in the sense that the absence of svabhava does not exist in things. After that, that whenever a self caused thing cannot be found, then there is no other empty thing.
I don't think it's a normal interpretation?
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/MImsE.png)
---
For the purposes of my [philosophical](https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/questions/70086/whats-wrong-with-this-reconstruction-of-nagarjuna) question elsewhere (a neat argument for karma and rebirth) I have rendered 'empty' to mean 'analytic' and 'non-empty' to mean empirical.
>
> *Definition of analytic. Of or relating to analysis or analytics
> especially : separating something into component parts or constituent
> elements.*
>
>
> *Definition of empirical. Based on, concerned with, or verifiable by observation or experience rather than theory or pure logic.*
>
>
> | 2020/02/05 | [
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/questions/36928",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | I presume you equate emptiness with analysis because on analysis things are empty, and non-emptiness with 'empirical' because to our senses things are non-empty. Is that it?
Thus our senses lead us into naive realism, while analysis leads us out again.
The complication would be experience, which some folk classify as 'empirical' and some don't. Thus we could say emptiness is an empirical discovery.
You ask - *Can that phrase be read to mean emptiness does not exist in non-emptiness: if and only if an own thing does not exist in non-emptiness then an other thing does not exist in emptiness*
Nagarjuna is clear. Nothing really exists. The words after the colon here seem a muddle to me. Emptiness is not a thing that exists.
The discussion is tricky because emptiness may be an ontological term applied to phenomena or meditative states, or in Theravada may be a term for non-self.
In Mahayana it is the idea that all things are empty of intrinsic existence, or it may refer to the emptiness of original awareness. For the former it may be helpful to consider Kant's 'thing-in-itself', and this may be the 'emptiness of analysis' you speak of. By analysis Kant concluded things are empty of inherent existence and consist only of perceived attributes. I see him as providing a bridge between 'Western' and 'Eastern' or 'non-dual' thinking in this respect.
I'm just pondering the issues generally because I still cannot quite understand what's being asked. I wonder if the question is assuming emptiness is a phenomena. | >
> I've asked a question about philosophical reasoning from this phrase.
> Suffice to say I was wondering if it can be read as an argument for a
> karmically conditioned rebirth
>
>
>
Its the opposite. When there is no essence of things nor in conditions, there can be no "rebirth". |
36,928 | Recent exchange here got me thinking. Nagarjuna's karika, 1.[3](https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/6fdf/0f7fba9abd29f4151ea20673e21e072463d2.pdf) ([Batchelor](https://www.stephenbatchelor.org/index.php/en/verses-from-the-center))
>
> [Na hi svabhāvo bhāvānāṃ pratyayādiṣu vidyate](https://wikisource.org/wiki/M%C5%ABlamadhyamakak%C4%81rik%C4%81:_first_chapter_in_romanized_Sanskrit_with_diacritics)
>
>
> Avidyamāne svabhāve parabhāvo na vidyate
>
>
> The essence of things does not exist in conditions and so on.
>
>
> If an own thing does not exist, an other thing does not exist.
>
>
>
There is a venerable tradition of different interpretations of Nagarjuna, based on "the two truths".
***Can that phrase be read to mean*** **emptiness does not exist in non-emptiness: if and only if an own thing does not exist in non-emptiness then an other thing does not exist in emptiness**
So the first phrase says that emptiness is empty in the sense that the absence of svabhava does not exist in things. After that, that whenever a self caused thing cannot be found, then there is no other empty thing.
I don't think it's a normal interpretation?
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/MImsE.png)
---
For the purposes of my [philosophical](https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/questions/70086/whats-wrong-with-this-reconstruction-of-nagarjuna) question elsewhere (a neat argument for karma and rebirth) I have rendered 'empty' to mean 'analytic' and 'non-empty' to mean empirical.
>
> *Definition of analytic. Of or relating to analysis or analytics
> especially : separating something into component parts or constituent
> elements.*
>
>
> *Definition of empirical. Based on, concerned with, or verifiable by observation or experience rather than theory or pure logic.*
>
>
> | 2020/02/05 | [
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/questions/36928",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | The argument -- for karma -- is that causes have essences in the exact same way as they bring about their effects
>
> The essence of things does not exist in conditions and so on... Since there is no effect, what could [be its] non-conditions or conditions?
>
>
>
One answer -- to the rhetorical question -- is that the essence of things is their conditions and so on. The essence of things do not exist in conditions, fire is not fire because it burns leaves, but are those conditions (what births another thing): fire is fire because it burns -- leaves in the same way as itself.
I don't think that's anti-Buddhist. As long as we're clear that's only conventionally, and ultimately there is no causation and I am not the same thing before and after I am reborn. | >
> I've asked a question about philosophical reasoning from this phrase.
> Suffice to say I was wondering if it can be read as an argument for a
> karmically conditioned rebirth
>
>
>
Its the opposite. When there is no essence of things nor in conditions, there can be no "rebirth". |
36,928 | Recent exchange here got me thinking. Nagarjuna's karika, 1.[3](https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/6fdf/0f7fba9abd29f4151ea20673e21e072463d2.pdf) ([Batchelor](https://www.stephenbatchelor.org/index.php/en/verses-from-the-center))
>
> [Na hi svabhāvo bhāvānāṃ pratyayādiṣu vidyate](https://wikisource.org/wiki/M%C5%ABlamadhyamakak%C4%81rik%C4%81:_first_chapter_in_romanized_Sanskrit_with_diacritics)
>
>
> Avidyamāne svabhāve parabhāvo na vidyate
>
>
> The essence of things does not exist in conditions and so on.
>
>
> If an own thing does not exist, an other thing does not exist.
>
>
>
There is a venerable tradition of different interpretations of Nagarjuna, based on "the two truths".
***Can that phrase be read to mean*** **emptiness does not exist in non-emptiness: if and only if an own thing does not exist in non-emptiness then an other thing does not exist in emptiness**
So the first phrase says that emptiness is empty in the sense that the absence of svabhava does not exist in things. After that, that whenever a self caused thing cannot be found, then there is no other empty thing.
I don't think it's a normal interpretation?
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/MImsE.png)
---
For the purposes of my [philosophical](https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/questions/70086/whats-wrong-with-this-reconstruction-of-nagarjuna) question elsewhere (a neat argument for karma and rebirth) I have rendered 'empty' to mean 'analytic' and 'non-empty' to mean empirical.
>
> *Definition of analytic. Of or relating to analysis or analytics
> especially : separating something into component parts or constituent
> elements.*
>
>
> *Definition of empirical. Based on, concerned with, or verifiable by observation or experience rather than theory or pure logic.*
>
>
> | 2020/02/05 | [
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/questions/36928",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | Subtleties... The *concept* of emptiness is a mental object that is predicated on other things. We only get to the *concept* of emptiness by seeing through and negating the *fullness* (meaningfulness) of other concepts.
The experience of emptiness in not predicated on the concept of it. To experience emptiness is to see that 'emptiness' is no more real than 'fullness'.
If one holds the concept of a thing-in-its-own-right (an 'own thing'), one must hold the concept of its negation (that which is 'not-such'). If one holds the concept of a negation, one must hold a concept of that which has been negated (a thing-in-its-own-right). So what lies beneath those concepts? | >
> I've asked a question about philosophical reasoning from this phrase.
> Suffice to say I was wondering if it can be read as an argument for a
> karmically conditioned rebirth
>
>
>
Its the opposite. When there is no essence of things nor in conditions, there can be no "rebirth". |
36,928 | Recent exchange here got me thinking. Nagarjuna's karika, 1.[3](https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/6fdf/0f7fba9abd29f4151ea20673e21e072463d2.pdf) ([Batchelor](https://www.stephenbatchelor.org/index.php/en/verses-from-the-center))
>
> [Na hi svabhāvo bhāvānāṃ pratyayādiṣu vidyate](https://wikisource.org/wiki/M%C5%ABlamadhyamakak%C4%81rik%C4%81:_first_chapter_in_romanized_Sanskrit_with_diacritics)
>
>
> Avidyamāne svabhāve parabhāvo na vidyate
>
>
> The essence of things does not exist in conditions and so on.
>
>
> If an own thing does not exist, an other thing does not exist.
>
>
>
There is a venerable tradition of different interpretations of Nagarjuna, based on "the two truths".
***Can that phrase be read to mean*** **emptiness does not exist in non-emptiness: if and only if an own thing does not exist in non-emptiness then an other thing does not exist in emptiness**
So the first phrase says that emptiness is empty in the sense that the absence of svabhava does not exist in things. After that, that whenever a self caused thing cannot be found, then there is no other empty thing.
I don't think it's a normal interpretation?
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/MImsE.png)
---
For the purposes of my [philosophical](https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/questions/70086/whats-wrong-with-this-reconstruction-of-nagarjuna) question elsewhere (a neat argument for karma and rebirth) I have rendered 'empty' to mean 'analytic' and 'non-empty' to mean empirical.
>
> *Definition of analytic. Of or relating to analysis or analytics
> especially : separating something into component parts or constituent
> elements.*
>
>
> *Definition of empirical. Based on, concerned with, or verifiable by observation or experience rather than theory or pure logic.*
>
>
> | 2020/02/05 | [
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/questions/36928",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | That is a highly eccentric use of analytic and empirical, that can only cause confusion. Analytic truth typically means truth by definition, or from definition. Empirical, from observation, or events. Both depend on causes and conditions, and their results lack inherent nature.
>
> "To think ‘it is,’ is eternalism,
>
>
> To think ‘it is not,’ is nihilism:
>
>
> Being and non-being,
>
>
> The wise cling not to either."
>
>
> -Mūlamadhyamakakārikā 15:10
>
>
>
Emptiness is, *of inherent nature*. Nagarjuna is refuting metaphysical speculation about identity and essences, using the four corners of the catuskoti. This is pointing at the insufficiency of our intuitions, of our terminology, such as to 'not even be wrong'. Another term for emptiness is inter-being. And a powerful metaphor is [Indra's Net](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indra%27s_net).
[This article](https://absoluteirony.wordpress.com/2014/09/17/nagarjuna-nietzsche-rorty-and-their-strange-looping-trick/amp/) draws comparison between what Nagarjuna is doing & other philosophers, which I think helps clarify how he is 'using words to escape words'. What Dogen drew attention to in the Shobogenzo fascicle 'On the Vines That Entangle: the Vines That Embrace' (available [here](http://www.urbandharma.org/udharma12/shobo.html)), as words and thinking not as arguments to create a 'thicket of views', but as a practice: dedicated to awakening. | >
> I've asked a question about philosophical reasoning from this phrase.
> Suffice to say I was wondering if it can be read as an argument for a
> karmically conditioned rebirth
>
>
>
Its the opposite. When there is no essence of things nor in conditions, there can be no "rebirth". |
36,928 | Recent exchange here got me thinking. Nagarjuna's karika, 1.[3](https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/6fdf/0f7fba9abd29f4151ea20673e21e072463d2.pdf) ([Batchelor](https://www.stephenbatchelor.org/index.php/en/verses-from-the-center))
>
> [Na hi svabhāvo bhāvānāṃ pratyayādiṣu vidyate](https://wikisource.org/wiki/M%C5%ABlamadhyamakak%C4%81rik%C4%81:_first_chapter_in_romanized_Sanskrit_with_diacritics)
>
>
> Avidyamāne svabhāve parabhāvo na vidyate
>
>
> The essence of things does not exist in conditions and so on.
>
>
> If an own thing does not exist, an other thing does not exist.
>
>
>
There is a venerable tradition of different interpretations of Nagarjuna, based on "the two truths".
***Can that phrase be read to mean*** **emptiness does not exist in non-emptiness: if and only if an own thing does not exist in non-emptiness then an other thing does not exist in emptiness**
So the first phrase says that emptiness is empty in the sense that the absence of svabhava does not exist in things. After that, that whenever a self caused thing cannot be found, then there is no other empty thing.
I don't think it's a normal interpretation?
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/MImsE.png)
---
For the purposes of my [philosophical](https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/questions/70086/whats-wrong-with-this-reconstruction-of-nagarjuna) question elsewhere (a neat argument for karma and rebirth) I have rendered 'empty' to mean 'analytic' and 'non-empty' to mean empirical.
>
> *Definition of analytic. Of or relating to analysis or analytics
> especially : separating something into component parts or constituent
> elements.*
>
>
> *Definition of empirical. Based on, concerned with, or verifiable by observation or experience rather than theory or pure logic.*
>
>
> | 2020/02/05 | [
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/questions/36928",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | Subtleties... The *concept* of emptiness is a mental object that is predicated on other things. We only get to the *concept* of emptiness by seeing through and negating the *fullness* (meaningfulness) of other concepts.
The experience of emptiness in not predicated on the concept of it. To experience emptiness is to see that 'emptiness' is no more real than 'fullness'.
If one holds the concept of a thing-in-its-own-right (an 'own thing'), one must hold the concept of its negation (that which is 'not-such'). If one holds the concept of a negation, one must hold a concept of that which has been negated (a thing-in-its-own-right). So what lies beneath those concepts? | I presume you equate emptiness with analysis because on analysis things are empty, and non-emptiness with 'empirical' because to our senses things are non-empty. Is that it?
Thus our senses lead us into naive realism, while analysis leads us out again.
The complication would be experience, which some folk classify as 'empirical' and some don't. Thus we could say emptiness is an empirical discovery.
You ask - *Can that phrase be read to mean emptiness does not exist in non-emptiness: if and only if an own thing does not exist in non-emptiness then an other thing does not exist in emptiness*
Nagarjuna is clear. Nothing really exists. The words after the colon here seem a muddle to me. Emptiness is not a thing that exists.
The discussion is tricky because emptiness may be an ontological term applied to phenomena or meditative states, or in Theravada may be a term for non-self.
In Mahayana it is the idea that all things are empty of intrinsic existence, or it may refer to the emptiness of original awareness. For the former it may be helpful to consider Kant's 'thing-in-itself', and this may be the 'emptiness of analysis' you speak of. By analysis Kant concluded things are empty of inherent existence and consist only of perceived attributes. I see him as providing a bridge between 'Western' and 'Eastern' or 'non-dual' thinking in this respect.
I'm just pondering the issues generally because I still cannot quite understand what's being asked. I wonder if the question is assuming emptiness is a phenomena. |
36,928 | Recent exchange here got me thinking. Nagarjuna's karika, 1.[3](https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/6fdf/0f7fba9abd29f4151ea20673e21e072463d2.pdf) ([Batchelor](https://www.stephenbatchelor.org/index.php/en/verses-from-the-center))
>
> [Na hi svabhāvo bhāvānāṃ pratyayādiṣu vidyate](https://wikisource.org/wiki/M%C5%ABlamadhyamakak%C4%81rik%C4%81:_first_chapter_in_romanized_Sanskrit_with_diacritics)
>
>
> Avidyamāne svabhāve parabhāvo na vidyate
>
>
> The essence of things does not exist in conditions and so on.
>
>
> If an own thing does not exist, an other thing does not exist.
>
>
>
There is a venerable tradition of different interpretations of Nagarjuna, based on "the two truths".
***Can that phrase be read to mean*** **emptiness does not exist in non-emptiness: if and only if an own thing does not exist in non-emptiness then an other thing does not exist in emptiness**
So the first phrase says that emptiness is empty in the sense that the absence of svabhava does not exist in things. After that, that whenever a self caused thing cannot be found, then there is no other empty thing.
I don't think it's a normal interpretation?
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/MImsE.png)
---
For the purposes of my [philosophical](https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/questions/70086/whats-wrong-with-this-reconstruction-of-nagarjuna) question elsewhere (a neat argument for karma and rebirth) I have rendered 'empty' to mean 'analytic' and 'non-empty' to mean empirical.
>
> *Definition of analytic. Of or relating to analysis or analytics
> especially : separating something into component parts or constituent
> elements.*
>
>
> *Definition of empirical. Based on, concerned with, or verifiable by observation or experience rather than theory or pure logic.*
>
>
> | 2020/02/05 | [
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/questions/36928",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | Subtleties... The *concept* of emptiness is a mental object that is predicated on other things. We only get to the *concept* of emptiness by seeing through and negating the *fullness* (meaningfulness) of other concepts.
The experience of emptiness in not predicated on the concept of it. To experience emptiness is to see that 'emptiness' is no more real than 'fullness'.
If one holds the concept of a thing-in-its-own-right (an 'own thing'), one must hold the concept of its negation (that which is 'not-such'). If one holds the concept of a negation, one must hold a concept of that which has been negated (a thing-in-its-own-right). So what lies beneath those concepts? | The argument -- for karma -- is that causes have essences in the exact same way as they bring about their effects
>
> The essence of things does not exist in conditions and so on... Since there is no effect, what could [be its] non-conditions or conditions?
>
>
>
One answer -- to the rhetorical question -- is that the essence of things is their conditions and so on. The essence of things do not exist in conditions, fire is not fire because it burns leaves, but are those conditions (what births another thing): fire is fire because it burns -- leaves in the same way as itself.
I don't think that's anti-Buddhist. As long as we're clear that's only conventionally, and ultimately there is no causation and I am not the same thing before and after I am reborn. |
36,928 | Recent exchange here got me thinking. Nagarjuna's karika, 1.[3](https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/6fdf/0f7fba9abd29f4151ea20673e21e072463d2.pdf) ([Batchelor](https://www.stephenbatchelor.org/index.php/en/verses-from-the-center))
>
> [Na hi svabhāvo bhāvānāṃ pratyayādiṣu vidyate](https://wikisource.org/wiki/M%C5%ABlamadhyamakak%C4%81rik%C4%81:_first_chapter_in_romanized_Sanskrit_with_diacritics)
>
>
> Avidyamāne svabhāve parabhāvo na vidyate
>
>
> The essence of things does not exist in conditions and so on.
>
>
> If an own thing does not exist, an other thing does not exist.
>
>
>
There is a venerable tradition of different interpretations of Nagarjuna, based on "the two truths".
***Can that phrase be read to mean*** **emptiness does not exist in non-emptiness: if and only if an own thing does not exist in non-emptiness then an other thing does not exist in emptiness**
So the first phrase says that emptiness is empty in the sense that the absence of svabhava does not exist in things. After that, that whenever a self caused thing cannot be found, then there is no other empty thing.
I don't think it's a normal interpretation?
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/MImsE.png)
---
For the purposes of my [philosophical](https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/questions/70086/whats-wrong-with-this-reconstruction-of-nagarjuna) question elsewhere (a neat argument for karma and rebirth) I have rendered 'empty' to mean 'analytic' and 'non-empty' to mean empirical.
>
> *Definition of analytic. Of or relating to analysis or analytics
> especially : separating something into component parts or constituent
> elements.*
>
>
> *Definition of empirical. Based on, concerned with, or verifiable by observation or experience rather than theory or pure logic.*
>
>
> | 2020/02/05 | [
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/questions/36928",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | Subtleties... The *concept* of emptiness is a mental object that is predicated on other things. We only get to the *concept* of emptiness by seeing through and negating the *fullness* (meaningfulness) of other concepts.
The experience of emptiness in not predicated on the concept of it. To experience emptiness is to see that 'emptiness' is no more real than 'fullness'.
If one holds the concept of a thing-in-its-own-right (an 'own thing'), one must hold the concept of its negation (that which is 'not-such'). If one holds the concept of a negation, one must hold a concept of that which has been negated (a thing-in-its-own-right). So what lies beneath those concepts? | That is a highly eccentric use of analytic and empirical, that can only cause confusion. Analytic truth typically means truth by definition, or from definition. Empirical, from observation, or events. Both depend on causes and conditions, and their results lack inherent nature.
>
> "To think ‘it is,’ is eternalism,
>
>
> To think ‘it is not,’ is nihilism:
>
>
> Being and non-being,
>
>
> The wise cling not to either."
>
>
> -Mūlamadhyamakakārikā 15:10
>
>
>
Emptiness is, *of inherent nature*. Nagarjuna is refuting metaphysical speculation about identity and essences, using the four corners of the catuskoti. This is pointing at the insufficiency of our intuitions, of our terminology, such as to 'not even be wrong'. Another term for emptiness is inter-being. And a powerful metaphor is [Indra's Net](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indra%27s_net).
[This article](https://absoluteirony.wordpress.com/2014/09/17/nagarjuna-nietzsche-rorty-and-their-strange-looping-trick/amp/) draws comparison between what Nagarjuna is doing & other philosophers, which I think helps clarify how he is 'using words to escape words'. What Dogen drew attention to in the Shobogenzo fascicle 'On the Vines That Entangle: the Vines That Embrace' (available [here](http://www.urbandharma.org/udharma12/shobo.html)), as words and thinking not as arguments to create a 'thicket of views', but as a practice: dedicated to awakening. |
144,353 | I was wondering are there exist any restrictions as to what kind of research can be published. In particular, are there any laws in place that require certain published works to be removed from the public record?
It seems fairly odd that you see a dozen negative studies on acts which are illegal, but not a single positive one. It is known that the internet is filtered, so that might explain why you might not find positive studies using the popular search engines.
The only case I can think of would be homosexuality (where research all came out after legalisation).
Edit:
The question is regarding all studies conducted for cases which are illegal which includes but not limited to Class A drugs, paraphilias (positive study would be under sexual orientation but should not be limited to thought only) and incest. These all also have negative stigmatization so I would request if anyone is going to respond do not go on the base of you emotions, I'm attempting to test the validity of research on this case of bias and who can and cannot publish. One user mentioned 'prohibited' research, I was in the assumption that apart from conducting the illegal act you can still research on criminal cases even if it is for benefits or am I mistaken?
One case that questioned the whole research process is the FGM case. Where you have dozens of cases of it not showing any medical benefits, but their are people who have done studies showing or at least comparing to existing cases. However what I am more interested about where are all the studies that were conducted in the countries where it is legal, they exist but they are not available in the places where you find all other researches (for all the health organisation to make the claim that there are none)? | 2020/02/18 | [
"https://academia.stackexchange.com/questions/144353",
"https://academia.stackexchange.com",
"https://academia.stackexchange.com/users/119562/"
] | The existing answers already correctly state that there are of course things that you are not allowed to publish on, period - for example state secrets, or national security related research. Depending on how strict you are about the word "allowed" some industrial research that is covered by a Non-Disclosure Agreement may also fall under this umbrella.
That said, your wording and example (homosexuality) implies to me that you are more looking for some "thought control" type of laws, where you are allowed to publish about a specific topic, but your results can only point in one "acceptable" direction. This is not the case in modern democracies, although to some extent this certainly happened historically or in non-democratic societies.
In fact, people certainly do conduct research and publish papers that compare (for instance) the danger of legal and illegal drugs, and the result is not always that legal drugs are less unhealthy than illegal ones (in fact alcohol is often identified as a particularly damaging drug in such studies). Conducting such a study may require specific approval (if possession of some of the involved substances is illegal), but there is no law against publishing research that makes existing legislation look bad. In [Freakonomics](https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/0060731338), the authors describe another example in detail, a study where an economist did embedded research in a gang to study their organisational management. Gang activities are certainly very illegal, but observing and reporting that gangs are actually quite well-managed from the point of view of management science is not.
>
> The only case I can think of would be homosexuality (where research all came out after legalisation).
>
>
>
Consider that there are many reasons why studying something legal is much easier than something illegal. Access to study subjects is an obvious one - as long as homosexuality was illegal it is hard to identify study participants and to convince them to participate in a study. Funding for and public interest in studying activities that are illegal is typically also much lower (unless the research is specifically about preventing the illegal thing from happening). Finally, there is a certain amount of self-censorship embedded in all human societies - sure, many academics have tenure and could in principle study whatever they want, but in practice few people will voluntarily choose a touchy study subject that has the potential to make them pariahs. | >
> are there...any restrictions [on] what...research can be published.
>
>
>
Yes. For example, national security laws restrict the publication of certain works and legality of human/animal experimentation restrict others. |
247,264 | Case in point:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/awWdQ.jpg)
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/TIkmU.jpg)
Anyone know what's happening here? | 2015/12/11 | [
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/questions/247264",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/users/106721/"
] | This particular requirement seems to be buggy, and I had the same thing happen to me. I resolved it by logging out and logging in again. Upon entering the game, I was awarded with the Season's Journey progress. | That achievement is buggy.
Same thing happened to me, but once I hit 100 extracts, all those achievements unlocked. |
22,340 | I have been playing Civ 5 on difficulty 5 for a bunch of AI's, FFA style. I am having issues getting a good foot hold in my games. I feel as though the other players are expanding towards me first, cutting down on my space to grown. This wouldn't be so bad but it also appears as though I always start within 15 hexes of another player. I have tried playing with 'disable start bias' to give myself a better shot with the random placement but I am not having any luck.
How are these initial positions decided? Are there settings I can setup to give myself more space at the start of the game? | 2011/05/17 | [
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/questions/22340",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/users/9485/"
] | Start with a bigger world? If all you want is room to spread out. In Civ 5 there are actually reasons not to want to spread out so much, if you want to go for culture instead. 4 cities with decent resources is plenty to get you to the modern age, with the added advantage that you'll have 4-5 more social advancements than your rivals. Just don't alienate everyone, so that you're able to trade for aluminum and uranium.
Remember that on difficulty higher than 4, the AIs cheat. They will have more settlers, workers, and military much faster than you do. You can't beat them in the early game just by outbuilding them, you need to out-think them as well. This is where diplomacy can come into play; if you can trick the AIs into starting a war with one another, it does hurt their economy (not as much as it would hurt yours, but a little). | You could also try setting it to archipelago which usually results in every player being on their own little island.
This should make the game a little easier by giving you more time to prepare. |
4,453,438 | I am planning to create an iphone app which uses CoreData. There might be enhancements added later as new versions of the app.
My question is;
When using CoreData, what are the factors to keep in mind to ensure if the user upgrades the version, his previous data remains intact ? Like I heard we should keep the.sqlite file name same. What are other factors to keep in mind while releasing Core Data apps?
Thank you. | 2010/12/15 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/4453438",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/486205/"
] | Data migration concepts are important to understand if you're going to maintain it over time, since you're likely to want to change at least some things eventually.
The ideal is **[Lightweight Migration](http://developer.apple.com/library/mac/#documentation/Cocoa/Conceptual/CoreDataVersioning/Articles/vmLightweight.html)**, where minor conversion from your old data model to your new one is automatic. As noted in the document, it can take care of itself if your changes are:
>
> * Simple addition of a new attribute
> * A non-optional attribute becoming optional
> * An optional attribute becoming non-optional, *and defining a default value*
>
>
>
Renaming an entity or an attribute is also easy and nearly automatic.
Everything beyond that -- new or removed entities, new or removed or changed relationships -- is hairier. It's not incredibly difficult, but it's definitely more work, with more room for failure.
As such, a little speculation about likely potential changes may make it easier and more efficient to provide a little wiggle room in advance. Obviously if you do too much, especially with theoretical-but-currently-unused relationships, you're likely slowing down the current system and potentially for no reason.
Worth consideration. | One thing we have done is to manage two separate core data databases.
First, a "read-only" core data database that gets supplied with app updates (assuming you want to be sending data with the app, if not then don't bother with this part).
Second, a local core data database (data store) that's stored on the phone that is initially populated with the data from the first, and then added to by the user or with updates from a server that you control. This second core data store can stay persistent between updates.
For later modification and updates you have two options. You can add additional features in a new core data store as long as you don't need to get at the new data at the same time as the old data. The other option is to use apple's core data migration stuff which you can read more about [here](http://developer.apple.com/library/mac/#documentation/Cocoa/Conceptual/CoreDataVersioning/Introduction/Introduction.html).
[Here](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4197842/iphone-how-to-use-core-data-in-an-already-created-program) are also some additional resources for gearing up with core data, there are plenty of more specific core data examples on SO.
Finally, if you plan on significantly adding/modifying your core data store I'd suggest looking into SQLite. That's easier to change with updates (in my experience) than migrating an existing core data store to a new schema, especially if the schema changes often. |
213,736 | Is it possible to upgrade from 10.1.x to 10.3.x directly in **one step? or I have to upgrade first to 10.2. x then to 10.3.x.**
Please it is so important question regarding upgrading our production MariaDB servers and I couldn't find any answer or notes regarding upgrade from 10.1 series to 10.3 series.
So i have to do it as follow:
10.1.32 --> 10.2.16
10.2.16 --> 10.3.7
or
once 10.1.32 --> 10.3.7 | 2018/08/01 | [
"https://dba.stackexchange.com/questions/213736",
"https://dba.stackexchange.com",
"https://dba.stackexchange.com/users/59966/"
] | Upgrades are only tested from one major version to the next, so you'll have to do 10.1->10.2.
Documentation for each upgrade:
[Upgrading from MariaDB 10.1 to MariaDB 10.2](https://mariadb.com/kb/en/library/upgrading-from-mariadb-101-to-mariadb-102/)
[Upgrading from MariaDB 10.2 to MariaDB 10.3](https://mariadb.com/kb/en/library/upgrading-from-mariadb-102-to-mariadb-103/) | If you must go the direct route, but actual direct upgrading doesn't work, what you can do is:
1. Install MariaDB 10.3 on a new server
2. Make a logical backup (typically `mysqldump`) of the 10.1 production server
3. Import the backup to the new MariaDB 10.3 production server. |
58,662,833 | I need to force mapbox maps to work completely offline when I need it.
For now, even if I downloaded offline maps, but did not switch off the internet connection of a device, the maps continue to update itself. Moreover, if the current view region downloaded only up to, for example, x6 zoom level, when you try to zoom it in more, it starts to download details.
I want to have the opportunity to have full control under usage of internet of the app and somehow disable access for the update of mapbox map during the work of app when I need it.
I tried the solution from here [Add a flag to pause network requests. #15650](https://github.com/mapbox/mapbox-gl-native/pull/15650), but the app crashes
Is there any solution for this problem? | 2019/11/01 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/58662833",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/6390942/"
] | Offline maps supports [this](https://github.com/maplibre/maplibre-gl-native) Mapbox open source fork now. | I've been rummaging through mapbox's documentation for a while and unfortunately I haven't noticed anything like what you're describing.
I'm going to take a wild guess and assume you are trying to VIEW the map so you can WORK ON the map and have it save your stuff much like saving a scene. While I ABSOLUTELY AGREE WITH YOU(that being able to see/edit the map without having to hit play would be great!) I think you would be better off thinking of mapbox as Procedurally Generated.
Much like ProGen games, things don't usually show until you hit play and you cant really work on it visually.
BUT! To help you along your journey what I can tell you is this:
1. Make a dataset in Mapbox Studio
2. Place a point and give it some way of identifying this point by inserting your own "key" - "value" on the lefthand side.
3. Create a new Tileset that uses the newly created datatype
4. Create the thing you want at that point as a prefab
5. As long as Mapbox is in your project you should be able to right-click in the Project folder and go to Create>Mapbox> Modifiers>Prefab Modifier(the list is not in alphabetical order).
6. Insert your created prefab into the Prefab Modifier's "Prefab" Label.
7. Go to the map's GO and go down to Map Layers>Features.
8. Add a new feature and set the Data Layer to grab the newly created dataset (through unity)
9. Use the "Filter" section to filter through to the specific data you want by referencing the "key" - "value" you set up for the point. (Without this it will grab EVERY point from the dataset, this is fine if every point is used for the same thing but will mess up if you have points on the dataset that you don't want to affect)
10. Go down to Behavior Modifiers then, under "Game Object Modifier", click "Add Existing Modifier" and look for the Prefab Modifier you just created(the list is long so it'll take a minute to find)
What this has done is taken your dataset, added it to the tileset, ur style uses that tileset so when you add the style to Unity you are connecting to that tileset as well. From there you can grab the dataset THROUGH unity. The Map Features section(under Features) is used to do this. With datasets that contain different points for different reasons you can use the "Filter" to specify the points you are looking for by referencing the "key" - "value" you defined for it. This section automatically holds the location of every point in the dataset you created(post-filtering). The Game Object Modifier will take the prefab you placed in the Prefab Modifier and create a clone of that prefab at every point that matches THIS Feature's dataset(post-filtering of course). [you may have more than one feature]
There are a few other things you probably want to do I'm betting and yes there is a way to change these things through script. I would recommend trying this first then checking what else you need/want to do. Hope this helped! |
467,849 | The phrase "choose your battles" conceptualises encounters as adversarial.
Any suggestions for less adversarial alternatives? | 2018/10/11 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/467849",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/9121/"
] | Distilling the central meanings from the "battles" idiom, the phrases "**save your strength**" or "**don't waste your time**" comes close without invoking confrontation or combat. They could even be used together.
Or, as an alternative, someone might "**consider the cost**" and ask themselves "**Is it worth it?**".
<https://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/don%27t+waste+your+time>
<https://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/count+the+cost>
<https://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/worth+it> | It occurred to me just a few days ago that “choose your battles”
(or, alternatively, [“pick your battles”](https://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/pick+your+battles))
is basically an abbreviated form of [The Serenity Prayer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serenity_Prayer),
>
> God, grant me the serenity to accept the things I cannot change,
>
> Courage to change the things I can,
>
> And wisdom to know the difference.
>
>
>
They are not equivalent, of course.
The Serenity Prayer advises against
entering into battles that you *cannot* win,
while “choose your battles” more broadly discourages
engaging in conflicts where the risk (or even the cost) is too high
and/or the expected benefit is too low. |
8,505,672 | In my current project I'm testing one web application against different browsers.
so I've got one selenium/maven project and 16 jobs in `jenkins`: tests in IE8, 9, FF, Chrome, windows 7, windows xp, 32 and 64 bit environments
Jobs results are generating sourcefire reports and I've got nice and clean overall charts.
But the problem is comparison of single tests results: for example I'd like to know which tests are failing under Internet Explorer and not in Firefox or which browser is stable and which is not.
Currently I'm forced to open X windows with different results and manually compare results
is there a plugin that compares results? or my jenkins configuration is wrong? | 2011/12/14 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/8505672",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/970007/"
] | You should probably be using the "matrix" job type, called "Build multi-configuration project" in the New Job page.
There you configure the job once, and it gets executed automatically multiple times across all the combinations of axes you supply
I'm not sure about the specifics of Selenium with Jenkins, but you would probably want to set up two different axes:
* User-defined axis: browser (FF, IE...)
* Slave axis: build slave (XP\_32, XP\_64, W7\_32...)
Overall, documentation is a bit thin for this feature, but see this answer for some info:
<https://stackoverflow.com/a/424343/234938> | Have you tried **Test Results Analyzer** plugin in Jenkins?
<https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Test+Results+Analyzer+Plugin> |
46,821 | I am on my second 12v motorcycle battery in a couple of weeks. Will a faulty regulator, ie too higher volts, cause this?
Also I have upgraded my ct110 to a 160cc, all works well for a few days, then gone.
Cheers | 2017/08/04 | [
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com/questions/46821",
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com",
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com/users/31427/"
] | Yes, a bad regulator will cause your motorcycle battery to be overcharged. This is a common failure because of the way motorcycle alternators work.
Measure the battery voltage while the engine is running. It should be between 12V and maybe 14.8V max. Now rev up the engine and see if the voltage shoots above that. If it gets to 15 Volts or more, it is overcharging your battery.
There's a good article here that explains how motorcycle alternators work:
<http://www.electrosport.com/technical-resources/technical-articles/how-motorcycle-charging-system-works>
But the point is this: The permanent magnet alternator in motorcycles outputs higher and higher voltage (and power) as the engine revs up.
The voltage regulators job is to limit the voltage to about 14.4 Volts by dissipating the extra power that is not get used by the battery, lights, etc. That's why motorcycle regulators have big metal fins and should be out in free air. If this regulator fails, then all that extra power gets pushed into overcharging your battery.
This is different from an automobile alternator where the regulator throttles the amount of output voltage put out by controlling the current through the rotor electromagnet. In a car, the most common failure of the regulator in a car is that it undercharges the battery because it cannot feed enough current into the rotor. | I believe you mean alternator. It charges your battery when your motorcycle is running.
The alternator needs to output 12.6V to 14.4V when it's working fine, use a multimeter to check it out. |
172,308 | I have visualforce page that displays information from custom object. I get id from the url and do SOQL query in controller.
Client wants to send the link to this page (hosted on Salesforce site). What is the best practices for record id? I'm not sure that is good solution to provide link like site.force.com/your\_page?id=salesforce\_id because we are sending original Salesforce id of the record. | 2017/05/01 | [
"https://salesforce.stackexchange.com/questions/172308",
"https://salesforce.stackexchange.com",
"https://salesforce.stackexchange.com/users/43288/"
] | For the most part, exposing an ID is completely harmless. The limited exception I'd place on that rule are 00DXXXXXXXXXXXX Id values, which can allow spammers to hit your web-to-lead or web-to-case queues if enabled. Even salesforce.com uses ID values in various places, such as Help & Training, the Developer Forums, etc. For example, here's a question (picked at random) from the Developer Forums:
<https://developer.salesforce.com/forums#!/feedtype=SINGLE_QUESTION_DETAIL&dc=Developer_Forums&criteria=ALLQUESTIONS&id=9060G000000UUKbQAO>
However, what *is* important is to make sure your code runs "with sharing", so that the user can't query or modify a record they shouldn't have access to, and make sure your security model (OWD, FLS, profiles, sharing rules, etc) are correctly configured. | If you want the URL to be in encoded form then you can have a java-script button that will encode the id and will send it to custom attribute with a random name like not a obvious name like '?Id=\*' . Then you can in constructor get the apex parameter value, decode it and run the SOQL. |
682 | Sometimes I download an app but it fails to download or install. The message just says that, no further details. It generally seems that the app never installs after that. Is there anyway I can find out more details about why it failed? Is there any good way to get stuff to install after this has happened.
I am using Android 1.5 on a T-Mobile Pulse/Huawei U8220 | 2010/07/22 | [
"https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/682",
"https://android.stackexchange.com",
"https://android.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | Can you get any app to install? First thing to always try is to reboot the phone.
If that doesnt work, try downloading aLogCat from the market (if you can install it). If it installs, then go to the market and try to download the app you're having issues with. If it STILL wont download, then open aLogCat and look at the system log entries. Then you should be able to glean a little bit of info of why its not installing. I know this is not a 100% answer of what you're looking for, but it does help and has helped me before. | Are you out of internal storage for apps? Have you tried a hard reset? Can you upgrade your phone to a newer Android release? Personally I would try upgrading your device first then see if you still have problems. |
682 | Sometimes I download an app but it fails to download or install. The message just says that, no further details. It generally seems that the app never installs after that. Is there anyway I can find out more details about why it failed? Is there any good way to get stuff to install after this has happened.
I am using Android 1.5 on a T-Mobile Pulse/Huawei U8220 | 2010/07/22 | [
"https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/682",
"https://android.stackexchange.com",
"https://android.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | Can you get any app to install? First thing to always try is to reboot the phone.
If that doesnt work, try downloading aLogCat from the market (if you can install it). If it installs, then go to the market and try to download the app you're having issues with. If it STILL wont download, then open aLogCat and look at the system log entries. Then you should be able to glean a little bit of info of why its not installing. I know this is not a 100% answer of what you're looking for, but it does help and has helped me before. | Does the OS actually tell you it failed to download, or do you just notice? When i was running 2.0.1 i noticed a particular problem with trying to update/download multiple apps at once. If you are doing synchronous dls try one at a time.
Another option MAY be to try using Appbrain. It is an alternative installation app that hooks into market. (http://www.appbrain.com/)
Speaking of which, you could also try your QR reader and try to install via the internet using the programs' QR codes. |
682 | Sometimes I download an app but it fails to download or install. The message just says that, no further details. It generally seems that the app never installs after that. Is there anyway I can find out more details about why it failed? Is there any good way to get stuff to install after this has happened.
I am using Android 1.5 on a T-Mobile Pulse/Huawei U8220 | 2010/07/22 | [
"https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/682",
"https://android.stackexchange.com",
"https://android.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | When this happens to me there's one thing that helps every time:
Open the Market and go to the Downloads section, then perform a long click on the stalled download. Cancel the download from here. Now you should be able to reinstall / update the app. | Are you out of internal storage for apps? Have you tried a hard reset? Can you upgrade your phone to a newer Android release? Personally I would try upgrading your device first then see if you still have problems. |
682 | Sometimes I download an app but it fails to download or install. The message just says that, no further details. It generally seems that the app never installs after that. Is there anyway I can find out more details about why it failed? Is there any good way to get stuff to install after this has happened.
I am using Android 1.5 on a T-Mobile Pulse/Huawei U8220 | 2010/07/22 | [
"https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/682",
"https://android.stackexchange.com",
"https://android.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | When this happens to me there's one thing that helps every time:
Open the Market and go to the Downloads section, then perform a long click on the stalled download. Cancel the download from here. Now you should be able to reinstall / update the app. | Does the OS actually tell you it failed to download, or do you just notice? When i was running 2.0.1 i noticed a particular problem with trying to update/download multiple apps at once. If you are doing synchronous dls try one at a time.
Another option MAY be to try using Appbrain. It is an alternative installation app that hooks into market. (http://www.appbrain.com/)
Speaking of which, you could also try your QR reader and try to install via the internet using the programs' QR codes. |
120,124 | Yesterday I was playing a normal game, and I suggested to do Nashor.
One of my teammates said: Are you crazy?
I was reading about that but I didn't get a clear answer, but I know it's a really good point for you team if you can kill it.
So i dont know if I am crazy or not, but i want to know:
When is the best minute to do Nashor at the game? (because it gains hp every minute right?)
What factors affect to do it?
It's good to use it to initiate a tf? | 2013/06/12 | [
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/questions/120124",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/users/47421/"
] | **Baron Nashor Benefits**
Baron can be very beneficial to your team. The monster drops 300 gold to your entire team and the buff gives stats equal to about 3000ish Gold per person (Depends on the gold efficiency in LoL). It is enough to turn a team that is slightly behind to being overwhelming more powerful.
With this kind of power you can force the enemy team to make a choice, push out at the peril of getting ganked, let their lanes be pushed in from all sides and try to hold it back or try for a very strong initiate and win a fight. You'll notice all of these options are insanely risky and if they back fire give you a very good chance of winning the game immediately after.
Don't underestimate the power baron can give to your team. Knowing the benefits is half of knowing when to baron because baron is not always free and you need to ask yourself, is it worth not getting a tower or something to baron.
**When to Baron**
You're looking to baron in general when:
* Your entire team is alive or will be alive by the time he dies.
* You have someone who can tank and survive (A character with sustain and good armor)
* You have a lot of DPS (AA champions, Cassepoiea Type AP champs, etc)
* A key member of the team who cannot get to baron quickly is clearing bottom (Do not do it if it's a shen of TF or someone with teleport)
* A key member of their team is dead (AD Carry, AP Carry, a major portion of CC, if they're alive but away and it's a carry they could clean up everyone)
* You have smite and other ways to burst him down to prevent a steal
* You have methods to pull in and kill enemy champions who try to steal
* The enemy base is being pushed in hard by super minions and if they leave they will lose significant portions of the base
Typically you'll want to engage a team fight on him if they're the ones getting attacked by him and you can get a very strong initiate. You will want to get baron if you can as well but focus on finishing them off. Nothing is worse than them getting baron and winning the fight anyway.
Baron can add more dps to your team than a tower so if you can keep the enemy team in a spot to be hit by baron all the better.
There are many more variables than can decide whether you should baron or not and it can be very difficult at times to tell when they lean in your favor or the enemies. Try to consider how the fight will go, who will be there, would they engage on you, can you prevent a steal and is it worth it over just taking more towers or ganking them.
**Baron Vs Nexus**
It's important to recognize when not to baron.
I see a common mistake in a lot of matches is when they win a fight in the enemy base and they take an inhib that they will leave for baron. Late in the game death is extremely long and towers can drop like flies. You can often easily win a fight at the inhib turret at mid and push all the way to nexus and kill before they will be up.
Try to consider how much dps you can do and who will be up first and how long it is between people. If it's a support coming up first they can't do squat about a full team eating the nexus. Also consider if you can just kill the one person coming up before anyone else does to increase the time you have to break the nexus.
Remember, the point of the game is to destroy the nexus, everything else is secondary. Don't be afraid to eat a few tower shots to break the nexus turrets. Also just eating those waves of minions at the nexus will cause the lanes to all push causing a build up of minions and super minions. Even if you don't get the nexus, they may be so over run, you can retreat, ward, do baron and return before they can leave their base. | Trying to do Baron before your team is around level 13 is probably a bad idea, on aggregate, because you simply don't have the damage to take him out at any kind of speed or without losing major health.
Even then, you need to know where the enemies are, or at the very least prevent them from knowing where you are. This usually means an Oracle's, but can be done in a pinch by Vision Wards. You need to know that you can fight both Baron and anyone who can get to you in time at the same time. If the enemy jungler is up, you also need to be sure that you have an ally with easy CC ready to prevent him from a sneak-steal, and your jungler should definitely have Smite available.
As far as using Baron to bait a teamfight goes, that tends to work better as a threat than as an actual attempt. You would ward the pit, and clear enemy wards as usual, and then lie in ambush near a ramp, rather than having Baron damage you himself. (He's stronger than you might think.) Only when you are much stronger can you reliably start baron, then kill an attacking team.
Perhaps most importantly, you need to make sure you don't lose more than you gain, trading Baron for bottom and mid inhibitors and towers is likely to cost you the game. |
56,151 | I am asking this question to the Stack Overflow team.
Until two months ago we were able to access the Stack Overflow site in our office. But one fine morning when I tried to access the site, it was not accessible. I checked out with our network team and finally they told us it's an issue with Stack Overflow. They may be blocking the employees of our company.
I just want to know: is there any option as such? Maybe the network team is not able to solve the issue and want to wash their hands from this. That's why they are telling like this (telling some stories).
Please let me know, so that I can tell them to make it ready. | 2010/07/07 | [
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/56151",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/users/144845/"
] | I suggest email to team@stackoverflow.com. I think it is reasonably likely that your company's IP has been blocked by SO based on either voting irregularities or usage patterns. This could be especially true if you're coming through a proxy which makes it appear that all of the users in your company are from the same IP. | There is always the possibility that the SO team banned your work's ip address, but this is unlikely |
48,065 | I have a form where users can choose a month and year to display a series of reports.
(there is no need to choose the day - all the reports for that month will be displayed)
What is the best practice for this?
I can think of 3 options:
1. Two drop downs (one for the month, one for the year) and a "GO" button.
* **Pro:** Makes it easier to change the year only ("let's see what was going on in the same month last year")
* **Con:** Requires another click on "GO" to refresh the page
2. One drop down only, where months are listed as "JAN 2012", "FEB 2012" etc.
* **Pro:** Can trigger an automated page refresh when the date is changed
* **Con:** It is potentially difficult to scroll down or up many months
3. Date picker with just month/year
* **Pro:** Very intuitive
* **Con:** Requires JavaScript enabled
What do you think? | 2013/11/15 | [
"https://ux.stackexchange.com/questions/48065",
"https://ux.stackexchange.com",
"https://ux.stackexchange.com/users/38190/"
] | **Dropdowns and textfields are always faster, assuming that the user can type somewhat quickly and can Tab through the form, and especially if s/he will be fetching multiple reports.**
A date picker is intuitive and fail-safe, but the clicks add up if you're thinking of a standard picker; the ones that I've used only let me scroll through months and years.
For example, if the current month and year are selected by default and I want the report from August 2010, I'd have to click three times to reach August (from November) and then click three more times to reach 2010 (from 2013). The click-count will really add up if for some reason I need all the monthly reports for 2010 and I have to start from November 2013 each time.
Because I type over 70 wpm, my preference is actually a dropdown for the months (preferably with the months listed as numbers) and either a dropdown or textfield for the year.
In case any of you don't know, you can select an item from a dropdown menu without clicking it by Tabbing to said menu and then typing the option that you want. The user needs to be somewhat quick in typing "11" to avoid selecting "1" or typing "Jul" to select July instead of June. Numbers are easier to type quickly, obviously.
I've used some forms that don't allow me to quick-type for dropdown menus; in most cases its custom dropdown styling that's the cause. One site doesn't even let me press Enter to submit its form. Don't disable either function. | There are only twelve months but if there are too many years (hundred for age) it's much better to let the user type. |
48,065 | I have a form where users can choose a month and year to display a series of reports.
(there is no need to choose the day - all the reports for that month will be displayed)
What is the best practice for this?
I can think of 3 options:
1. Two drop downs (one for the month, one for the year) and a "GO" button.
* **Pro:** Makes it easier to change the year only ("let's see what was going on in the same month last year")
* **Con:** Requires another click on "GO" to refresh the page
2. One drop down only, where months are listed as "JAN 2012", "FEB 2012" etc.
* **Pro:** Can trigger an automated page refresh when the date is changed
* **Con:** It is potentially difficult to scroll down or up many months
3. Date picker with just month/year
* **Pro:** Very intuitive
* **Con:** Requires JavaScript enabled
What do you think? | 2013/11/15 | [
"https://ux.stackexchange.com/questions/48065",
"https://ux.stackexchange.com",
"https://ux.stackexchange.com/users/38190/"
] | I think is important to point out that **HTML 5** has a new **[input type=month](http://www.w3.org/wiki/HTML/Elements/input/month)** which seems to be exactly what you want.
And altought [most browsers doesn't support it yet](http://caniuse.com/input-datetime) that doesn't mean we should overlook that. Because they'll probably implement that in the near future, and then most users will be presented with their most familiar and fast UI for each device (think of smartphones presenting its number keyboard on the year textbox for instance).
So I would use a **[polyfill](http://remysharp.com/2010/10/08/what-is-a-polyfill/)** to workaround non-supporting browsers.
The best I could find was **Webshims lib**: <http://afarkas.github.io/webshim/demos/#Forms-forms-ext>
On most browser you will see this polyfill in action:
On Google Chrome (for instance) you will see this:
At first glance you can think they could look better, but if you try them out you'll see that both are way better than most solutions out there. With excellent support for keyboard and mouse, no dropdown for years (a spinner is usually better unless you have very few years to choose from), and lots of functionality to make your pick easier.
And what about customization? Or keeping the same look and feel on every browser (and maybe not on mobile browsers)? Webshims can handle that too: <https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9067536/html5-forms-with-polyfills-is-it-worth-it> | There are only twelve months but if there are too many years (hundred for age) it's much better to let the user type. |
48,065 | I have a form where users can choose a month and year to display a series of reports.
(there is no need to choose the day - all the reports for that month will be displayed)
What is the best practice for this?
I can think of 3 options:
1. Two drop downs (one for the month, one for the year) and a "GO" button.
* **Pro:** Makes it easier to change the year only ("let's see what was going on in the same month last year")
* **Con:** Requires another click on "GO" to refresh the page
2. One drop down only, where months are listed as "JAN 2012", "FEB 2012" etc.
* **Pro:** Can trigger an automated page refresh when the date is changed
* **Con:** It is potentially difficult to scroll down or up many months
3. Date picker with just month/year
* **Pro:** Very intuitive
* **Con:** Requires JavaScript enabled
What do you think? | 2013/11/15 | [
"https://ux.stackexchange.com/questions/48065",
"https://ux.stackexchange.com",
"https://ux.stackexchange.com/users/38190/"
] | **Dropdowns and textfields are always faster, assuming that the user can type somewhat quickly and can Tab through the form, and especially if s/he will be fetching multiple reports.**
A date picker is intuitive and fail-safe, but the clicks add up if you're thinking of a standard picker; the ones that I've used only let me scroll through months and years.
For example, if the current month and year are selected by default and I want the report from August 2010, I'd have to click three times to reach August (from November) and then click three more times to reach 2010 (from 2013). The click-count will really add up if for some reason I need all the monthly reports for 2010 and I have to start from November 2013 each time.
Because I type over 70 wpm, my preference is actually a dropdown for the months (preferably with the months listed as numbers) and either a dropdown or textfield for the year.
In case any of you don't know, you can select an item from a dropdown menu without clicking it by Tabbing to said menu and then typing the option that you want. The user needs to be somewhat quick in typing "11" to avoid selecting "1" or typing "Jul" to select July instead of June. Numbers are easier to type quickly, obviously.
I've used some forms that don't allow me to quick-type for dropdown menus; in most cases its custom dropdown styling that's the cause. One site doesn't even let me press Enter to submit its form. Don't disable either function. | Date picker definitely sounds most intuitive of the three. In what way will Javascript enabled be a poorer user experience?
Questions to ask:
* Who are your users? Are they technical or non-technical? Non-technical may not get the step to click "Go" twice to refresh the page and become frustrated. A solution would be to have a short hover caption that tells the user if they want to change search parameters that they have to click "Go" twice.
* How many months/years of data will you have now? How about in the future? This may or may not eliminate 2, because if you have too many to scroll through, that'll be a pain.
* What will the date picker look like? How are you implementing it? Will it "look" appropriate within the context of the application you're integrating it in (like, no one would do this, but it's an extreme example - a Java GUI applet inside parallax website would look strange and discongruent). Will you be using a widget instead? How will the users navigate the date picker? With a left and right arrow on the side of a displayed month? What about year? |
48,065 | I have a form where users can choose a month and year to display a series of reports.
(there is no need to choose the day - all the reports for that month will be displayed)
What is the best practice for this?
I can think of 3 options:
1. Two drop downs (one for the month, one for the year) and a "GO" button.
* **Pro:** Makes it easier to change the year only ("let's see what was going on in the same month last year")
* **Con:** Requires another click on "GO" to refresh the page
2. One drop down only, where months are listed as "JAN 2012", "FEB 2012" etc.
* **Pro:** Can trigger an automated page refresh when the date is changed
* **Con:** It is potentially difficult to scroll down or up many months
3. Date picker with just month/year
* **Pro:** Very intuitive
* **Con:** Requires JavaScript enabled
What do you think? | 2013/11/15 | [
"https://ux.stackexchange.com/questions/48065",
"https://ux.stackexchange.com",
"https://ux.stackexchange.com/users/38190/"
] | I think is important to point out that **HTML 5** has a new **[input type=month](http://www.w3.org/wiki/HTML/Elements/input/month)** which seems to be exactly what you want.
And altought [most browsers doesn't support it yet](http://caniuse.com/input-datetime) that doesn't mean we should overlook that. Because they'll probably implement that in the near future, and then most users will be presented with their most familiar and fast UI for each device (think of smartphones presenting its number keyboard on the year textbox for instance).
So I would use a **[polyfill](http://remysharp.com/2010/10/08/what-is-a-polyfill/)** to workaround non-supporting browsers.
The best I could find was **Webshims lib**: <http://afarkas.github.io/webshim/demos/#Forms-forms-ext>
On most browser you will see this polyfill in action:
On Google Chrome (for instance) you will see this:
At first glance you can think they could look better, but if you try them out you'll see that both are way better than most solutions out there. With excellent support for keyboard and mouse, no dropdown for years (a spinner is usually better unless you have very few years to choose from), and lots of functionality to make your pick easier.
And what about customization? Or keeping the same look and feel on every browser (and maybe not on mobile browsers)? Webshims can handle that too: <https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9067536/html5-forms-with-polyfills-is-it-worth-it> | Date picker definitely sounds most intuitive of the three. In what way will Javascript enabled be a poorer user experience?
Questions to ask:
* Who are your users? Are they technical or non-technical? Non-technical may not get the step to click "Go" twice to refresh the page and become frustrated. A solution would be to have a short hover caption that tells the user if they want to change search parameters that they have to click "Go" twice.
* How many months/years of data will you have now? How about in the future? This may or may not eliminate 2, because if you have too many to scroll through, that'll be a pain.
* What will the date picker look like? How are you implementing it? Will it "look" appropriate within the context of the application you're integrating it in (like, no one would do this, but it's an extreme example - a Java GUI applet inside parallax website would look strange and discongruent). Will you be using a widget instead? How will the users navigate the date picker? With a left and right arrow on the side of a displayed month? What about year? |
48,065 | I have a form where users can choose a month and year to display a series of reports.
(there is no need to choose the day - all the reports for that month will be displayed)
What is the best practice for this?
I can think of 3 options:
1. Two drop downs (one for the month, one for the year) and a "GO" button.
* **Pro:** Makes it easier to change the year only ("let's see what was going on in the same month last year")
* **Con:** Requires another click on "GO" to refresh the page
2. One drop down only, where months are listed as "JAN 2012", "FEB 2012" etc.
* **Pro:** Can trigger an automated page refresh when the date is changed
* **Con:** It is potentially difficult to scroll down or up many months
3. Date picker with just month/year
* **Pro:** Very intuitive
* **Con:** Requires JavaScript enabled
What do you think? | 2013/11/15 | [
"https://ux.stackexchange.com/questions/48065",
"https://ux.stackexchange.com",
"https://ux.stackexchange.com/users/38190/"
] | I think is important to point out that **HTML 5** has a new **[input type=month](http://www.w3.org/wiki/HTML/Elements/input/month)** which seems to be exactly what you want.
And altought [most browsers doesn't support it yet](http://caniuse.com/input-datetime) that doesn't mean we should overlook that. Because they'll probably implement that in the near future, and then most users will be presented with their most familiar and fast UI for each device (think of smartphones presenting its number keyboard on the year textbox for instance).
So I would use a **[polyfill](http://remysharp.com/2010/10/08/what-is-a-polyfill/)** to workaround non-supporting browsers.
The best I could find was **Webshims lib**: <http://afarkas.github.io/webshim/demos/#Forms-forms-ext>
On most browser you will see this polyfill in action:
On Google Chrome (for instance) you will see this:
At first glance you can think they could look better, but if you try them out you'll see that both are way better than most solutions out there. With excellent support for keyboard and mouse, no dropdown for years (a spinner is usually better unless you have very few years to choose from), and lots of functionality to make your pick easier.
And what about customization? Or keeping the same look and feel on every browser (and maybe not on mobile browsers)? Webshims can handle that too: <https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9067536/html5-forms-with-polyfills-is-it-worth-it> | **Dropdowns and textfields are always faster, assuming that the user can type somewhat quickly and can Tab through the form, and especially if s/he will be fetching multiple reports.**
A date picker is intuitive and fail-safe, but the clicks add up if you're thinking of a standard picker; the ones that I've used only let me scroll through months and years.
For example, if the current month and year are selected by default and I want the report from August 2010, I'd have to click three times to reach August (from November) and then click three more times to reach 2010 (from 2013). The click-count will really add up if for some reason I need all the monthly reports for 2010 and I have to start from November 2013 each time.
Because I type over 70 wpm, my preference is actually a dropdown for the months (preferably with the months listed as numbers) and either a dropdown or textfield for the year.
In case any of you don't know, you can select an item from a dropdown menu without clicking it by Tabbing to said menu and then typing the option that you want. The user needs to be somewhat quick in typing "11" to avoid selecting "1" or typing "Jul" to select July instead of June. Numbers are easier to type quickly, obviously.
I've used some forms that don't allow me to quick-type for dropdown menus; in most cases its custom dropdown styling that's the cause. One site doesn't even let me press Enter to submit its form. Don't disable either function. |
155,857 | I have a Cordova based mobile app that is hitting some API via a local server on mobile. The mobile app sets origin as Localhost. Here cors kicks in and I can't make the request. Now these API's can be used via a terminal, postman and other non-browser environments without triggering CORS.
Now in this scenario what are the risks of enabling cors on localhost?
Just to clarify I want to whitelist cors for localhost in production. | 2017/04/06 | [
"https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/155857",
"https://security.stackexchange.com",
"https://security.stackexchange.com/users/1216/"
] | The answer really depends on what API you created and how it works.
[This site](https://mobilejazz.com/blog/which-security-risks-do-cors-imply/) gives a very good explanation on the goods and bads of CORS. In short, the author creates a fictional API that is used to send e-mails from another domain. He states:
>
> If you are using authentication based on session cookies, you probably shouldn’t allow CORS requests by everyone. A malicious website can issue e-mail sending requests to api.yoursebsite.com via an AJAX request without the specific permission of your user.
>
>
>
This is (in his hypothetical case) the answer to the question "what are the risks of enabling cors"? In that case, he also gives some more information about how to think of mitigation:
>
> If the user has valid session cookies in their browser, they will be used to authenticate on api.yoursebsite.com and that would lead to unwanted e-mail sending. In most cases, dangerous requests will be “preflighted,” which means the domain needs to be approved before they can even send a request. This will prevent any malicious activities from happening.
>
>
>
This states (in a slightly hidden way) what dandavis already said: CORS has not much to do with security. The security is done on server side. The SOP won't be obeyed by hackers anyway.
In your case, from what I understand, you want to enable localhost as a domain via CORS so that requests can be made through some different domain?
If that is correct, **I think that you will face no real security issue**. Under the precondition that you opened some socket bound only to the loopback address (localhost), the only way someone would be able to access that (in a malicious or in another way) would be: He already has access to the loopback address. That means: He already gained access to the device.
Based on Conor Mancone's quite right comment: **CORS primarily protects against unauthorized read requests. It is not protecting the server from writes or triggering unauthorized actions. This has to be enforced by an authorization concept.** | No, this is *NOT* (necessarily) safe. The other answers are mostly correct, except they are making two (common, but incorrect) assumptions: that localhost is always 127.0.0.1, and that a webserver running on your machine is one you wanted to run. **THESE ARE NOT SAFE ASSUMPTIONS**.
Some machines, due to either deliberate modification for some purpose or simply because the HOSTS file is minimal (or missing), do not define localhost as 127.0.0.1 (or ::1 for IPv6) and therefore do a DNS lookup for that name. DNS is of course generally not secure; an attacker on the same network (or anywhere between you and a DNS server willing to authoritatively state what IP address "localhost" maps to) can inject a DNS reply specifying their own IP address. Your app then loads the web content from the attacker's web server. The attacker can send the victim malicious web content that steals the creds to your service, steals content from your account, maliciously misuses your account, uses JS-to-native API bridges to attack your device (or at least maliciously access the data the mobile app can see), and so on.
OK, so what if you used "127.0.0.1" instead of "localhost"? IP addresses never need to go over DNS, 127.0.0.1 is always routed just to your own machine, and you should be fine, right?
Still a bad idea! TCP sockets do not respect privilege isolation between users (or between sandboxed apps). If your mobile user has one sketchy app that is running a webserver on that port, your app will connect to the malicious server instead of to the one your app tried to launch (which will have failed to bind the socket, as it's already in use). You could almost certainly get that into the app store, too; it's not using any disallowed APIs or anything, just serving web content on a loopback socket bound to a particular port (same as you are). Similarly on servers/desktops/laptops, if your machine allows non-admins to remote in (via SSH, remote desktop, etc.) then one of those users could spin up a malicious web server on the port you use, and wait for your app to connect to it.
Of course, even without any malicious attempt, this whole idea is just *fragile*. As I mentioned above, there's no guarantee that no other process is running a web server on the same port you've chosen. There's only 2^16 of them to choose from, and for some ranges the OS itself may randomly bind *outbound* connections to that port so it could be in use by a client app (like a web browser) rather than a server. Either way, the server used to offer up your web content will fail to bind the port, your app won't be able to talk to the server it expects, and your user will have a bad experience.
---
Note that this has nothing to do with CORS. *WHATEVER* origin you load the content from, your server will need to allow that origin to see web responses.
The important point is to ensure that the web content is loaded *securely*, and HTTP over normal TCP - that is, without TLS or other ways to authenticate and protect the connection - is not secure!
---
**Solution:** just load the content (via HTTPS) from your Internet-facing web servers. Then your app doesn't need to load anything over HTTP, your web service doesn't need to allow any requests from any web page loaded over HTTP, and the app can be sure it's loading content from the right server.
You can even serve the content from the same domain, so that cross-origin (that is, CORS) requests aren't even needed! Just use old-school XMLHttpRequests (or Fetch, without CORS) and rip out anything CORS-related from the web service.
---
Story time:
The previous company I worked for had a product that did something like what you're describing - loading data from a localhost web server into a webview - and we ran into a really funny problem where some people were reporting that the web view was just... empty. No content. The local server was running, the content was packaged and installed correctly, the webview was trying to make the web requests... but it seemed like the server wasn't responding. Long story short, we eventually tracked it down to "localhost" being undefined on those machines. This was only a few users out of ~10,000 (on Macs, as that was the only platform that ran our app), but it was enough of a problem that we stopped using "localhost". Of course, "127.0.0.1" turned out not to be secure either, as I explain above, but that decision was made before they had a security person on the team. |
34,023 | >
> KJV 1Ki 7:25 It stood upon twelve oxen, three looking toward the
> north, and three looking toward the west, and three looking toward the
> south, and three looking toward the east: and the sea was set above
> upon them, and all their hinder parts were inward.
>
>
>
Do these oxen represent the foundations of the earth? It seems the reference to the four compass points is a dead giveaway. I notice also however that 12 is the idealized number of tribes, etc.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/QbCxx.jpg)
Notes:
>
> Job\_38:4 Where wast thou when I laid the foundations of the earth?
> declare, if thou hast understanding.
>
>
> Psa\_82:5 They know not, neither will they understand; they walk on in
> darkness: all the foundations of the earth are out of course.
>
>
> Psa\_104:5 Who laid the foundations of the earth, that it should not
> be removed for ever.
>
>
> Pro\_8:29 When he gave to the sea his decree, that the waters should
> not pass his commandment: when he appointed the foundations of the
> earth:
>
>
> Isa\_24:18 And it shall come to pass, that he who fleeth from the
> noise of the fear shall fall into the pit; and he that cometh up out
> of the midst of the pit shall be taken in the snare: for the windows
> from on high are open, and the foundations of the earth do shake.
>
>
> Isa\_40:21 Have ye not known? have ye not heard? hath it not been told
> you from the beginning? have ye not understood from the foundations of
> the earth?
>
>
> Isa\_51:13 And forgettest the LORD thy maker, that hath stretched
> forth the heavens, and laid the foundations of the earth; and hast
> feared continually every day because of the fury of the oppressor, as
> if he were ready to destroy? and where is the fury of the oppressor?
>
>
> Isa\_51:16 And I have put my words in thy mouth, and I have covered
> thee in the shadow of mine hand, that I may plant the heavens, and lay
> the foundations of the earth, and say unto Zion, Thou art my people.
>
>
> Jer\_31:37 Thus saith the LORD; If heaven above can be measured, and
> the foundations of the earth searched out beneath, I will also cast
> off all the seed of Israel for all that they have done, saith the
> LORD.
>
>
> Mic\_6:2 Hear ye, O mountains, the LORD'S controversy, and ye strong
> foundations of the earth: for the LORD hath a controversy with his
> people, and he will plead with Israel.
>
>
>
KJV unless otherwise noted | 2018/07/28 | [
"https://hermeneutics.stackexchange.com/questions/34023",
"https://hermeneutics.stackexchange.com",
"https://hermeneutics.stackexchange.com/users/20832/"
] | The problem with looking at the oxen as a representation of the "foundations of the earth" is that the Bible never describes the earth as resting on top of oxen.
The earth is usually described as resting on pillars (I Samuel 2:8; Job 9:6), and once as hanging on nothing (Job 26:7), but oxen have no place in the many poetic descriptions of the world's topography (Genesis 1, Habakkuk 3, Job, etc.). If the sea were meant to symbolize the earth, we should expect pillars beneath it, not oxen.
The image of the layout of the oxen closely resembles the encampments of the twelve tribes (Numbers 2): there are three oxen/tribes on each of four sides. Even without arguing that the oxen represent the twelve tribes, the resemblance between the cases is clearly closer than any comparison to the foundations of the earth; there is nothing to connect the oxen to the foundations of the earth (e.g. if the sea were earth, we might expect to see something representing land) other than the fact that they both have four directions, which is something shared by a lot of other things. | The "sea" of Solomon had numerous interpretations in Rabbinic literature, many reflecting what you have suggested but also including numerical features of Israel's history. All this is extra-biblical - The Bible text itself contains no hint about its symbolism with the possible exception of Jesus being the water of life (John 4:13, 14, 7:38) and being washed (1 Cor 6:11). |
13,690,225 | I want to create a modal popup in my webpage, but I don't know enough about them to make one on my own. Can you help me with any links to tutorials, code, etc.?
This is what I want my modal to look like:
 | 2012/12/03 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/13690225",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/1493448/"
] | You might want to look into jQuery UI Dialogue <http://jqueryui.com/dialog/>
Names for that are: pop up, modal box, and dialogue box, though I'm sure there are plenty of others. | [Create a pop up window with HTML](http://www.quackit.com/html/codes/html_popup_window_code.cfm)
Probably not the best place to point. But it will show/give you the code to create a popup window.
Customization of that is up to you.
Future Refernce: **Do Your Research First** |
13,690,225 | I want to create a modal popup in my webpage, but I don't know enough about them to make one on my own. Can you help me with any links to tutorials, code, etc.?
This is what I want my modal to look like:
 | 2012/12/03 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/13690225",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/1493448/"
] | You might want to look into jQuery UI Dialogue <http://jqueryui.com/dialog/>
Names for that are: pop up, modal box, and dialogue box, though I'm sure there are plenty of others. | Check Twitter Bootstrap's Modals; they look something like that:
[Twitter Bootstrap | GitHub](http://twitter.github.com/bootstrap/javascript.html#modals)
Stack overflow is not a place for you to get code. It is a place to post what you have already done and ask for help with revisions. |
25,930,167 | getting the Tomcat log file data by giving specific dates(from and to) and display it as a file in java.
Can anyone please guide me how to do this part asap.
Thanks in Adavance | 2014/09/19 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/25930167",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/4057639/"
] | You can close the socket. The peer can close the connection. | >
> I thought only close() function could close the tcp connection.
>
>
>
Why would that be? TCP is a software-defined protocol. The OS can implement it however it likes. All sensible OS'es clean up all resources that a terminated process was using. Sockets will be closed as well. What good would a TCP connection be if no process was using it and no process ever could (because the last handle was destroyed)? Makes no sense to keep the connection around if no one could ever read or write it. |
104,283 | A few online merchants are offering special deals for using [Visa Checkout](https://usa.visa.com/pay-with-visa/visa-checkout.html?country=US&locale=en-US), a payment service similar to PayPal, so I've been trying to learn something about it before signing up. When you are on a shopping site and click the Visa Checkout icon, it pops up a window to enter your Visa Checkout username and password:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/e8wrA.png)
Is this scheme secure? I don't see anything that lets me verify that this popup is valid and protects my information. It seems that a rogue site could easily fake the popup and harvest the login credentials.
With PayPal, I am directed to the PayPal site to sign in, which lets my browser show me the PayPal host and TLS authentication:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/I44k4.png)
If I check those items on the URL bar, I feel reasonably confident that I am delivering my credentials only to PayPal.
Is the PayPal scheme more secure than Visa Checkout? Or is there some way I'm missing to protect against spoofing? | 2015/11/01 | [
"https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/104283",
"https://security.stackexchange.com",
"https://security.stackexchange.com/users/69230/"
] | The problem you mention is a real one.
This scheme was a subject of criticism and led to a newer implementation ("3D Secure by ...", the old one unfortunately also sometimes uses this name) which is two-factor (you usually get an SMS with a code you must input on the merchant's page). You are also warned of the upcoming operation ("you will now be transferred to 3D secure..."). The scheme you mention failed to pass the European Central Bank requirements.
The requirements for e-commerce payments were strengthened with the [PCI-DSS SAQ A-EP](https://www.pcisecuritystandards.org/documents/SAQ_A-EP_v3.pdf), specifically designed for modern e-commerce payments (where you are not redirected to a bank or processor's page to fulfill your payment)).
The redirection to PayPal in your example is a good compromise - you get into a better-known page which, as you mention, you can analyse and check against common-sense security (specifically to whom the cert was delivered to). | >
> Is this scheme secure?
>
>
>
Security is never absolute, so it's impossible to answer whether this is outright "secure".
In the Visa scenario you're essentially placing your trust in newegg. Behind the scenes the Visa popup probably uses TLS, but for all intents and purposes newegg could serve you a phishing screen instead and you'd have a hard time telling. All you know is that you have a secure connection to newegg.
In the paypal scenario you can easily verify the TLS connection and URL yourself, however this doesn't mean that paypal is secure or trustworthy. You still have to trust paypal.
Essentially it comes down to how trustworthy newegg is. If newegg is approximately as trustworthy as paypal then they're both equally as secure. If newegg is less trustworthy then the paypal solution is more secure.
If instead of paypal there was a less trustworthy party with an identical implementation to paypal involved, then the visa solution might be more secure.
>
> It seems that a rogue site could easily fake the popup and harvest the
> login credentials.
>
>
>
If you don't trust the site, then you should preference the paypal implementation. If the site is trustworthy then the security difference is minimal. |
92,633 | Are there any world-wide known Music Certification tests that you can take to use in your resume: for example, to demonstrate basic musical abilities?
I used to work in IT, where it is very common for companies like Oracle and Zend to arrange that kind of certification for a programming language or framework. | 2019/12/03 | [
"https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/92633",
"https://music.stackexchange.com",
"https://music.stackexchange.com/users/26620/"
] | Music is such a big field that it isn't really possible to answer this.
There are organisations and colleges such as Berklee which have some international reputation, it can be helpful to have something from them.
But in many areas, the qualification is simply showing you can do what is needed. For instance, as a jazz musician you are likely to pick up work by showing you can play your \*\*\*\* off without actually being an \*\*\*\*.
Music is a field that is extremely results driven. Pieces of paper don't really make much difference when you are on stage. Being able to be there on time, looking the part, and playing well are the main thing. Even people who do study at conservatory will often acknowledge that the main benefit was contacts they made, rather than the actual qualification. | Adding to @danmcb answer: In some cases a college degree matters. E.g. in some countries Master in music is required to teach in a public school. A degree might be a plus when applying for other music related jobs.
But if the focus the job is music performance, a video showing you playing will be worth more than any paper. A degree is for sure worth mentioning, but bragging about it too much might actually make a bad impression.
Anything below academic level probably won't be worth much, except when you apply to study at the college. |
92,633 | Are there any world-wide known Music Certification tests that you can take to use in your resume: for example, to demonstrate basic musical abilities?
I used to work in IT, where it is very common for companies like Oracle and Zend to arrange that kind of certification for a programming language or framework. | 2019/12/03 | [
"https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/92633",
"https://music.stackexchange.com",
"https://music.stackexchange.com/users/26620/"
] | Music is such a big field that it isn't really possible to answer this.
There are organisations and colleges such as Berklee which have some international reputation, it can be helpful to have something from them.
But in many areas, the qualification is simply showing you can do what is needed. For instance, as a jazz musician you are likely to pick up work by showing you can play your \*\*\*\* off without actually being an \*\*\*\*.
Music is a field that is extremely results driven. Pieces of paper don't really make much difference when you are on stage. Being able to be there on time, looking the part, and playing well are the main thing. Even people who do study at conservatory will often acknowledge that the main benefit was contacts they made, rather than the actual qualification. | Generally speaking, just about every country will have music exam boards, a lot of them world wide, like ABRSM. Most have been established for many years, and the standard at any particular grade should be just that - standard.
So, on a c.v., stating Grade VI clarinet ABRSM, Trinity, LCM, AMEB etc., should give a good clue to someone reading that c.v., possibly with a little homework.
Worth a look at IMEB - which it seems is the International Music Examination Board, and, as such, would have responsibility to align all boards. |
92,633 | Are there any world-wide known Music Certification tests that you can take to use in your resume: for example, to demonstrate basic musical abilities?
I used to work in IT, where it is very common for companies like Oracle and Zend to arrange that kind of certification for a programming language or framework. | 2019/12/03 | [
"https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/92633",
"https://music.stackexchange.com",
"https://music.stackexchange.com/users/26620/"
] | There are systems of graded examinations in performance for most instruments, and for theory, designed to cover the stages from beginner to pre-college.
Here's a couple of 'classical' ones
[https://gb.abrsm.org/](https://gb.abrsm.org/en/)
[www.trinitycollege.com/](https://www.trinitycollege.com/qualifications/music/grade-exams)
and one for 'rock'
[www.rslawards.com/rockschool/](https://www.rslawards.com/rockschool/)
Those are UK-based. There are equivalents elsewhere. The next step is a diploma from a music conservatoire.
A few music software companies offer certification in their products. You can become an 'Avid Certified User' in several of their products, including Protools and Sibelius.
[www.avid.com/education/certification](https://www.avid.com/education/certification)
Steinberg (Cubase) have 'Certified Training'. I guess you get some sort of certificate after completing a course.
[www.steinberg.net/en/education/certified\_training.html](https://www.steinberg.net/en/education/certified_training.html) | Music is such a big field that it isn't really possible to answer this.
There are organisations and colleges such as Berklee which have some international reputation, it can be helpful to have something from them.
But in many areas, the qualification is simply showing you can do what is needed. For instance, as a jazz musician you are likely to pick up work by showing you can play your \*\*\*\* off without actually being an \*\*\*\*.
Music is a field that is extremely results driven. Pieces of paper don't really make much difference when you are on stage. Being able to be there on time, looking the part, and playing well are the main thing. Even people who do study at conservatory will often acknowledge that the main benefit was contacts they made, rather than the actual qualification. |
92,633 | Are there any world-wide known Music Certification tests that you can take to use in your resume: for example, to demonstrate basic musical abilities?
I used to work in IT, where it is very common for companies like Oracle and Zend to arrange that kind of certification for a programming language or framework. | 2019/12/03 | [
"https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/92633",
"https://music.stackexchange.com",
"https://music.stackexchange.com/users/26620/"
] | Music is such a big field that it isn't really possible to answer this.
There are organisations and colleges such as Berklee which have some international reputation, it can be helpful to have something from them.
But in many areas, the qualification is simply showing you can do what is needed. For instance, as a jazz musician you are likely to pick up work by showing you can play your \*\*\*\* off without actually being an \*\*\*\*.
Music is a field that is extremely results driven. Pieces of paper don't really make much difference when you are on stage. Being able to be there on time, looking the part, and playing well are the main thing. Even people who do study at conservatory will often acknowledge that the main benefit was contacts they made, rather than the actual qualification. | **Nothing completely world-wide, it seems.**
I'm just a hobby musician, but before joining this stack I had never heard of the type of "grades" people seem to use to measure proficiency with musical instruments. I live in **Sweden**, and it doesn't seem to be a thing here. There are entry exams you need to pass to get into music schools and academies, of course, and there is collaboration between universities to standardise some tests, but nothing as organised as what I see people discuss here, and certainly not for children.
Just to be sure, I asked my girlfriend. Her parents are both professional musicians, and she's been playing the violin in various organised contexts since she was a kid. She majored in music in high school, continued at [Folkhögskola](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folk_high_school#Sweden)(no idea how to translate..) and then spent 5 years at [university](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B6gskolan_f%C3%B6r_scen_och_musik) to become a music teacher. A teacher should know about this, if anyone. She had never heard of anything remotely like the "grades" either.
**There might be something that's fairly global, I don't know, but at least in one country it's not a thing.** |
92,633 | Are there any world-wide known Music Certification tests that you can take to use in your resume: for example, to demonstrate basic musical abilities?
I used to work in IT, where it is very common for companies like Oracle and Zend to arrange that kind of certification for a programming language or framework. | 2019/12/03 | [
"https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/92633",
"https://music.stackexchange.com",
"https://music.stackexchange.com/users/26620/"
] | There are systems of graded examinations in performance for most instruments, and for theory, designed to cover the stages from beginner to pre-college.
Here's a couple of 'classical' ones
[https://gb.abrsm.org/](https://gb.abrsm.org/en/)
[www.trinitycollege.com/](https://www.trinitycollege.com/qualifications/music/grade-exams)
and one for 'rock'
[www.rslawards.com/rockschool/](https://www.rslawards.com/rockschool/)
Those are UK-based. There are equivalents elsewhere. The next step is a diploma from a music conservatoire.
A few music software companies offer certification in their products. You can become an 'Avid Certified User' in several of their products, including Protools and Sibelius.
[www.avid.com/education/certification](https://www.avid.com/education/certification)
Steinberg (Cubase) have 'Certified Training'. I guess you get some sort of certificate after completing a course.
[www.steinberg.net/en/education/certified\_training.html](https://www.steinberg.net/en/education/certified_training.html) | Adding to @danmcb answer: In some cases a college degree matters. E.g. in some countries Master in music is required to teach in a public school. A degree might be a plus when applying for other music related jobs.
But if the focus the job is music performance, a video showing you playing will be worth more than any paper. A degree is for sure worth mentioning, but bragging about it too much might actually make a bad impression.
Anything below academic level probably won't be worth much, except when you apply to study at the college. |
92,633 | Are there any world-wide known Music Certification tests that you can take to use in your resume: for example, to demonstrate basic musical abilities?
I used to work in IT, where it is very common for companies like Oracle and Zend to arrange that kind of certification for a programming language or framework. | 2019/12/03 | [
"https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/92633",
"https://music.stackexchange.com",
"https://music.stackexchange.com/users/26620/"
] | Adding to @danmcb answer: In some cases a college degree matters. E.g. in some countries Master in music is required to teach in a public school. A degree might be a plus when applying for other music related jobs.
But if the focus the job is music performance, a video showing you playing will be worth more than any paper. A degree is for sure worth mentioning, but bragging about it too much might actually make a bad impression.
Anything below academic level probably won't be worth much, except when you apply to study at the college. | **Nothing completely world-wide, it seems.**
I'm just a hobby musician, but before joining this stack I had never heard of the type of "grades" people seem to use to measure proficiency with musical instruments. I live in **Sweden**, and it doesn't seem to be a thing here. There are entry exams you need to pass to get into music schools and academies, of course, and there is collaboration between universities to standardise some tests, but nothing as organised as what I see people discuss here, and certainly not for children.
Just to be sure, I asked my girlfriend. Her parents are both professional musicians, and she's been playing the violin in various organised contexts since she was a kid. She majored in music in high school, continued at [Folkhögskola](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folk_high_school#Sweden)(no idea how to translate..) and then spent 5 years at [university](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B6gskolan_f%C3%B6r_scen_och_musik) to become a music teacher. A teacher should know about this, if anyone. She had never heard of anything remotely like the "grades" either.
**There might be something that's fairly global, I don't know, but at least in one country it's not a thing.** |
92,633 | Are there any world-wide known Music Certification tests that you can take to use in your resume: for example, to demonstrate basic musical abilities?
I used to work in IT, where it is very common for companies like Oracle and Zend to arrange that kind of certification for a programming language or framework. | 2019/12/03 | [
"https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/92633",
"https://music.stackexchange.com",
"https://music.stackexchange.com/users/26620/"
] | There are systems of graded examinations in performance for most instruments, and for theory, designed to cover the stages from beginner to pre-college.
Here's a couple of 'classical' ones
[https://gb.abrsm.org/](https://gb.abrsm.org/en/)
[www.trinitycollege.com/](https://www.trinitycollege.com/qualifications/music/grade-exams)
and one for 'rock'
[www.rslawards.com/rockschool/](https://www.rslawards.com/rockschool/)
Those are UK-based. There are equivalents elsewhere. The next step is a diploma from a music conservatoire.
A few music software companies offer certification in their products. You can become an 'Avid Certified User' in several of their products, including Protools and Sibelius.
[www.avid.com/education/certification](https://www.avid.com/education/certification)
Steinberg (Cubase) have 'Certified Training'. I guess you get some sort of certificate after completing a course.
[www.steinberg.net/en/education/certified\_training.html](https://www.steinberg.net/en/education/certified_training.html) | Generally speaking, just about every country will have music exam boards, a lot of them world wide, like ABRSM. Most have been established for many years, and the standard at any particular grade should be just that - standard.
So, on a c.v., stating Grade VI clarinet ABRSM, Trinity, LCM, AMEB etc., should give a good clue to someone reading that c.v., possibly with a little homework.
Worth a look at IMEB - which it seems is the International Music Examination Board, and, as such, would have responsibility to align all boards. |
92,633 | Are there any world-wide known Music Certification tests that you can take to use in your resume: for example, to demonstrate basic musical abilities?
I used to work in IT, where it is very common for companies like Oracle and Zend to arrange that kind of certification for a programming language or framework. | 2019/12/03 | [
"https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/92633",
"https://music.stackexchange.com",
"https://music.stackexchange.com/users/26620/"
] | Generally speaking, just about every country will have music exam boards, a lot of them world wide, like ABRSM. Most have been established for many years, and the standard at any particular grade should be just that - standard.
So, on a c.v., stating Grade VI clarinet ABRSM, Trinity, LCM, AMEB etc., should give a good clue to someone reading that c.v., possibly with a little homework.
Worth a look at IMEB - which it seems is the International Music Examination Board, and, as such, would have responsibility to align all boards. | **Nothing completely world-wide, it seems.**
I'm just a hobby musician, but before joining this stack I had never heard of the type of "grades" people seem to use to measure proficiency with musical instruments. I live in **Sweden**, and it doesn't seem to be a thing here. There are entry exams you need to pass to get into music schools and academies, of course, and there is collaboration between universities to standardise some tests, but nothing as organised as what I see people discuss here, and certainly not for children.
Just to be sure, I asked my girlfriend. Her parents are both professional musicians, and she's been playing the violin in various organised contexts since she was a kid. She majored in music in high school, continued at [Folkhögskola](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folk_high_school#Sweden)(no idea how to translate..) and then spent 5 years at [university](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B6gskolan_f%C3%B6r_scen_och_musik) to become a music teacher. A teacher should know about this, if anyone. She had never heard of anything remotely like the "grades" either.
**There might be something that's fairly global, I don't know, but at least in one country it's not a thing.** |
92,633 | Are there any world-wide known Music Certification tests that you can take to use in your resume: for example, to demonstrate basic musical abilities?
I used to work in IT, where it is very common for companies like Oracle and Zend to arrange that kind of certification for a programming language or framework. | 2019/12/03 | [
"https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/92633",
"https://music.stackexchange.com",
"https://music.stackexchange.com/users/26620/"
] | There are systems of graded examinations in performance for most instruments, and for theory, designed to cover the stages from beginner to pre-college.
Here's a couple of 'classical' ones
[https://gb.abrsm.org/](https://gb.abrsm.org/en/)
[www.trinitycollege.com/](https://www.trinitycollege.com/qualifications/music/grade-exams)
and one for 'rock'
[www.rslawards.com/rockschool/](https://www.rslawards.com/rockschool/)
Those are UK-based. There are equivalents elsewhere. The next step is a diploma from a music conservatoire.
A few music software companies offer certification in their products. You can become an 'Avid Certified User' in several of their products, including Protools and Sibelius.
[www.avid.com/education/certification](https://www.avid.com/education/certification)
Steinberg (Cubase) have 'Certified Training'. I guess you get some sort of certificate after completing a course.
[www.steinberg.net/en/education/certified\_training.html](https://www.steinberg.net/en/education/certified_training.html) | **Nothing completely world-wide, it seems.**
I'm just a hobby musician, but before joining this stack I had never heard of the type of "grades" people seem to use to measure proficiency with musical instruments. I live in **Sweden**, and it doesn't seem to be a thing here. There are entry exams you need to pass to get into music schools and academies, of course, and there is collaboration between universities to standardise some tests, but nothing as organised as what I see people discuss here, and certainly not for children.
Just to be sure, I asked my girlfriend. Her parents are both professional musicians, and she's been playing the violin in various organised contexts since she was a kid. She majored in music in high school, continued at [Folkhögskola](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folk_high_school#Sweden)(no idea how to translate..) and then spent 5 years at [university](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B6gskolan_f%C3%B6r_scen_och_musik) to become a music teacher. A teacher should know about this, if anyone. She had never heard of anything remotely like the "grades" either.
**There might be something that's fairly global, I don't know, but at least in one country it's not a thing.** |
507,192 | As light is electromagnetic radiation. Then why I don't see any magnet bending light wave? Or why light doesn't diffract whenever it passes by a live wire? | 2019/10/09 | [
"https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/507192",
"https://physics.stackexchange.com",
"https://physics.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | In vacuum electromagnetic fields obey superposition to a very high degree of accuracy. A magnetic field does not have any effect on light. Light in material media *can* be affected by a magnetic field. This is known as the [Kerr effect](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerr_effect).
As for current carrying wires, these reflect and diffract electromagnetic waves like any metallic or dielectric object. This is why you see them. However, there is no effect of the current until the wire heats up. | Electromagnetic fields simply superpose. They don’t interact with each other. (I am ignoring quantum effects at *enormous* field strengths.) Two waves go right through each other. A wave goes right through a static field.
Electromagnetic fields interact with *charges*. No charge, no interaction. |
507,192 | As light is electromagnetic radiation. Then why I don't see any magnet bending light wave? Or why light doesn't diffract whenever it passes by a live wire? | 2019/10/09 | [
"https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/507192",
"https://physics.stackexchange.com",
"https://physics.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | Electromagnetic fields simply superpose. They don’t interact with each other. (I am ignoring quantum effects at *enormous* field strengths.) Two waves go right through each other. A wave goes right through a static field.
Electromagnetic fields interact with *charges*. No charge, no interaction. | In classical physics, electromagnetic fields and waves are additive so nothing can happen in vacuum between electromagnetic fields. They don't see each other.
In quantum physics, photons theoretically DO interact. The effect is rather small even in high-energy experiments, so don't expect some visible distortion with visible light and an iron magnet.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-photon_physics> |
507,192 | As light is electromagnetic radiation. Then why I don't see any magnet bending light wave? Or why light doesn't diffract whenever it passes by a live wire? | 2019/10/09 | [
"https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/507192",
"https://physics.stackexchange.com",
"https://physics.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | In vacuum electromagnetic fields obey superposition to a very high degree of accuracy. A magnetic field does not have any effect on light. Light in material media *can* be affected by a magnetic field. This is known as the [Kerr effect](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerr_effect).
As for current carrying wires, these reflect and diffract electromagnetic waves like any metallic or dielectric object. This is why you see them. However, there is no effect of the current until the wire heats up. | Roughly speaking, electric fields push and pull charges, while magnetic fields cause charges to loop around (by 'loop around' I'm saying that the magnetic fields cause the charges to accelerate at a right angle to their direction of motion).
Since light doesn't have an electric charge, there is nothing for electric fields to push or pull and nothing for magnetic fields to loop around.
If we just look at the classical case, then there is no direct interaction between magnetic fields and the electromagnetic wave. It's a little bit like how most waves can just pass right through each other without changing each other.
That being said, if magnetic fields are crazy intense, (say the magnetic fields near the surface of a magnetic pole of a neutron star) then there are some higher-order quantum effects that come into play.
This is due to the possibility that the photon splits into a virtual electron-positron pair and then recombines. An intense magnetic field could interact with the virtual pair and have an effect.
For instance, depending on how the virtual pair is aligned with the magnetic field, the energy level would be higher or lower, and this has an effect on how much of a contribution this possibility has.
This is called the [Euler-Heisenberg interaction](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euler%E2%80%93Heisenberg_Lagrangian). |
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