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He stood outside in the rain completely bare. Base bass N the bottom support of something N the lowest pitches in music We need a new base for that lamp. I sang bass in the church choir. Www.arena.co.ke 0713779527 94 More examples of homophones lead, ledleast, leased loan, lone male, mail meet, meat mind, mined morning... |
Daniel felt happy Daniel felt light-hearted. She was happy with her grade She was pleased with her grade. They sang a happy song They sang a cheerful song. Examples of common synonyms in English about, approximatelyaccomplish, achieve administer, manage admit, confess almost, nearly annoy, irritate answer, reply arise,... |
Precious 5. Dangerous 10. Naked v Idioms and Sayings An idiom is a phrase that has a special meaning as a whole. The meaning of an idiom is different from the meanings of its separate words. Examples: It was raining cats and dogs. The idiom raining cats and dogs does not mean that cats and dogs were falling out of the ... |
A large amount of money. To have a dispute with someone. Someone who is cherished above all others. 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 IdiomThe boy did the work at the drop of a hat. The politician is a back seat driver. They were back to square one in their search for the treasure. The government has to go back to the drawing... |
Overwhelmed by what is happening at the moment. Carefully watch somebody. To remain joyful in a tough situation. Die To politely ask for someone s full attention. To share a secret that wasn t supposed to be shared. A fair competition where no side has an advantage. To act in a frenzied manner. Someone who is unpredict... |
Someone else who takes the blame. To escape and not have to pay. To be very sick with flu or a cold A paranormal sense that allows you to communicate with the dead. To be suspicious or detect someone in the group is betraying the others. Detecting that something isn t right and there might be a reason for it. Www.arena... |
Being inquisitive can lead you into a dangerous situation. 9. Don t count your chickens before they hatch. Don t rely on it until you are sure of it. 10. Don t look a gift horse in the mouth. When someone gives you a gift, don t be ungrateful. 11. Don t put all your eggs in one basket. Do not put all your resources in ... |
In order to stay healthy, you must eat healthy foods. 30. You can t judge a book by its cover. Decisions shouldn t be made primarily on appearance. Exercise 10 Give the meaning of the italicized idioms in the following sentences. 1. I was completely at sea when the Prime Minister visited my house. 2. Jane has her hands... |
Cheddar A firm Cheese named after the English village of Cheddar, where it was first made. 8. Quisling a person who treacherously helps to prepare for enemy occupation of his own county, a traitor named after Vidkum Quisling, a Norwegian politician. 9. Silhouette an outline portrait or profile named after a French mini... |
Hypo under hypodermic, hypothermia 8. Hemi half hemisphere 9. Ex previous ex-wife, ex-policeman 10. Dia across, through diagonal Exercise 5 1. Hopeful full of hope 6. Greenish having green colour 2. Reader a person who reads 7. Weary tired 3. Childish having manners of a child 8. Fearless lacking fear 4. Greyish having... |
Dangerous safe 10. Naked clothed Exercise 10 1. At sea confused 2. Has his hands full is busy 3. Have a bone to pick with me have a quarrel 4. Make heads or tails make sense 5. As easy as pie very easy 6. Sick and tired can t stand, hate 7. Broke to have no money 8. Dropped me a line yesterday sent me a letter or email... |
The old woman carried a heavy load of firewood on her back. 9. Peter seems a very complicated man to understand 10. A devastating earthquake hit China yesterday. Ii Verb phrases A verb phrase consists of a main verb and its helping verbs. It can function as the predicate of a sentence. The predicate tells what the subj... |
Adverb modifying suffers . The water supply in the United States is expected to decline dramatically. Adjective modifying water supply . The best time to practise water conservation is before a water shortage. Noun functioning as a complement . Www.arena.co.ke 0713779527 110 In sentence 1 above, the preposition is in, ... |
Bulls are bred for hard work. 5. Most bridges are built over water. Www.arena.co.ke 0713779527 111 6. Travellers were spared many miles of travel. 7. I went by bus to the market. 8. At the market, I saw beautiful and unusual people. 9. I also saw a display of colourful clothes. 10. She took him through the lesson with ... |
Participating in international tournaments was the golfer s dream. 10. But the greatest dream was winning an in international title. V Participial phrases www.arena.co.ke 0713779527 112 A participle is a verb form that always acts as an adjective. There are two types of participles: a The past participle it is usually ... |
Example: Gaining courage, the conman attempted to escape. Gaining courage is a participial phrase modifying conman . Ii A gerund is used as a noun in a sentence. Example: www.arena.co.ke 0713779527 113 Gaining courage made the conman look aggressive. Gaining courage is a gerund phrase, the subject of the verb made . Ex... |
2. Around the country adjectival modifying the noun companies. 3. Of the dog adjectival modifying the noun barking. 4. For hard work adverbial modifying the verb bred. 5. Over water adverbial modifying the verb built. 6. Of travel adjectival modifying the noun miles. 7. By bus adverbial modifying the verb went. To the ... |
Faces To find out the verb, ask what after the subject. Examples: The young kids did what? Jumped Their faces did what? Shone The key word in the subject of a sentence is called the simple subject. For example, kids, faces. The complete subject is the simple subject plus any words that modify or describe it. For exampl... |
Punctuating compound sentences When writing some compound sentences, a comma is used before the conjunction. The comma tells the reader where to pause. Without a comma, some compound sentences can be quite confusing. Examples: Confusing: Jane studied the specimen and her sister took notes. The sentence might cause the ... |
So they cannot stand by themselves. Examples: If technology will improve When robots can do the work While electronics will work After the system is complete. None of the above clauses express a complete thought. They are sentence fragments that leave the reader wondering then what? Subordinate clauses are introduced b... |
Informal: The map you saw guides the way. But never omit the relative pronoun if it is in the clause. Examples: www.arena.co.ke 0713779527 126 Correct: This is the forest that has a secret cave. Incorrect: This is the forest has a secret cave. Commas are put around adjectival clauses only if they merely add additional ... |
Time Adverbial clauses of time answer the question when? Www.arena.co.ke 0713779527 127 Example: After Njoroge s uncle married his mother, he wanted to kill him Condition Adverbial clauses of condition answer the question under what conditions? Example: If the uncle cooperates, Njoroge may decide to pardon him. Place A... |
As predicate nouns Her first day in school was what shaped her life. Www.arena.co.ke 0713779527 128 The adverbial clause what shaped her life gives more information about the subject of the sentence Her first day in school. Words often used to introduce noun clauses that when whose what whatever whoever how who whoever... |
Example: Register to vote, said the senator, before the end of the day . If the second part of the quotation is a complete sentence, the forst kword of this sentence is capitalized. Example: I did register, said Carol. It took only a few minutes Commas and full stops are placed inside quotation marks Example: Last nigh... |
Don t worry, Joels aid They will be apprehended tomorrow . QUESTION TAGS A question tag or a tag question is a phrase that is added at the end of a statement to turn into a question. When a speaker uses a question tag at the end of a statement, he she is seeking for approval, confirmation or correction. Examples: APPRO... |
Green object complement 5. The queen object complement 6. Stealing the mango participial complement 7. Senseless object complement 8. A kind person subject complement 9. Crying participial complement 10. Trembling participial complement Exercise 4 1. Simple sentence 2. Compound sentence 3. Compound sentence 4. Complex ... |
Do not capitalize little words such as a, an, the, but, as, if, and, or, nor etc. C Titles of shorts stories, songs, articles, book chapters and most poems. Examples: Half a Day short story Kigeugeu song Three Days on Mt. Kenya short story www.arena.co.ke 0713779527 141 The Noun Clauses chapter in a book Grass Will Gro... |
H Months, days and holidays Examples: June Labour Day Tuesday December Kenyatta Day Mashujaa Day Do not capitalize names of seasons: autumn, summer, winter, spring I Languages, races, nationalities and religions Examples: Chinese Kikuyu Christianity Caucasian Bantu Nigerian Muslim Oriental J The first word of every sen... |
Skin diseases B. Verbs 5. Hereditary diseases 1. Types of verbs 6. Lifestyle diseases 2. Uses of verbs 7. Infectious diseases between numerals representing dollars, cents, before a decimal and in percentages Examples: 25.65 165.42 25.3 b The question mark ? The question mark is used at the end of an interrogative sente... |
Serah, do you know where I kept my phone? How is your leg, grandpa? To set off the spoken words in a direct sentence or quotation from the speech tag Examples: Jackson said, After my injury I had to learn to walk again. The therapists urged me to keep trying, he continued. If the speech tag interrupts the spoken words ... |
Example: Last year I flew to Johannesburg, South Africa; Cairo, Egypt; and Kingston, Jamaica. Iv The colon : The colon is used: to introduce a list of items Example: My school bag contains the following items: exercise books, text books, pencils, pens, a geometrical set, and a packet of crayons. After the greeting of a... |
Examples: children s men s women s to form the possessive of a plural noun that ends in s Add only the apostrophe. Examples: tricksters tenants to form the possessive of an indefinite pronoun Use an apostrophe and an s. Examples: everybody s somebody s nobody s Note: Never use an apostrophe with a possessive pronoun li... |
Example: Bring me the money, said the moneylender, before the end of the day. If the second part of the quotation is a complete sentence, the first word of this sentence is capitalized. Example: I am scared, said the borrower. That moneylender is a brute. Www.arena.co.ke 0713779527 150 iii Place commas and fullstops in... |
What a wonderful and inspired leader he was!4.He was also a person who helped many people.www.arena.co.ke 0713779527 152 5.Some people write stories, but other write poems.6.Try to write a concise, informative, and interesting letter.7.Also make sure that your letter has a heading, an inside address, a salutation, a bo... |
A TEACHER S Guide TO THE SIGNET CLASSICS EDITION OFHENRIK IBSEN sA DOLL s HOUSEby LAURA REIS MAYERS e r i e s E d i t o r s :Jeanne M. McGlinn and James E. McGlinnboth at University of North Carolina AT ASHEVILLEA Teacher s Guide to the Signet Classics Edition of Henrik Ibsen s A Doll s House2Copyright 2008 by Penguin ... |
East, Ste. 700Toronto, OntarioCanada M4P 2Y3Printed in the United States of AmericaA Teacher s Guide to the Signet Classics Edition of Henrik Ibsen s A Doll s House3AN INTRODUCTIONTo a generation of students raised on liberated dolls such as Barbies and Bratz, Henrik Ibsen s A Doll s House uncovers a shocking secret: s... |
Ideas include opportunities for listening, speaking, writing, and creating. Pre-reading activities are provided to prepare students for reading a nineteenth century reality play, and to challenge students to think about Ibsen s themes. During-reading activities ask students to read more critically. And post-reading act... |
Due to Torvald s serious illness several years prior, Nora explains, she had to finance a year of recovery in Italy. While she told Torvald that her father had left them the money, Nora actually forged her father s signature and borrowed the money from a lawyer named Krogstad. Justifying her dishonesty by saving Torval... |
When she says his concerns about propriety are petty, Torvald becomes incensed and sends Krogstad s termination letter to his home. Dr. Rank confides to Nora that he is dying and that he has loved her for years. Unable to ask the doctor for help after his admission, Nora asks for a lamp to be brought in. Krogstad, havi... |
. . The appearance. When a letter arrives including Nora s cancelled debt, Torvald is happy again. But Nora is forever changed by her husband s reaction, and after removing her masquerade costume, she sits down with Torvald to share the first serious conversation of their eight year marriage. Declaring she has been wro... |
A Teacher s Guide to the Signet Classics Edition of Henrik Ibsen s A Doll s House62.CHARACTERS: a mommy doll, three children dolls, a lawyer s name plate, a business card with a black cross, a forged letter. 3. THEME: objects which symbolize individualism, deception, identity, and reality vs. appearance prior to the sc... |
As You Like It2. Cinderella3. Much Ado About Nothing4. Pinocchio5. Pygmalion6. Romeo and Juliet7. Sleeping BeautyA Teacher s Guide to the Signet Classics Edition of Henrik Ibsen s A Doll s House7Genre StudyCritical ReadingWhile Ibsen is classified as a realistic dramatist, his theatrical career is often divided into th... |
Both historical and literary items may be included. Highlights might include Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley s A Vindication of the Rights of Women 1792 , Sojourner Truth s Ain t I A Woman? 1851 , Lydia Chapin, Susan B. Anthony and the 19th Century Women s Suffrage Movement, and the still elusive Equal Rights Amendment ERA... |
On the left side of the blocks going down, create blanks for three Informers. On the top of the blocks going left to right, create blanks for Detail 1, Detail 2, and Detail 3. Students then walk around and ask three different Informers to answer the survey question, giving three facts each. Students record their Inform... |
What is your group s reaction?4. What is the intended effect of the advertisement on the consumer?5. Is the company justified in portraying its product in this fashion? Why or why not?Marriage DebatePlay an audio recording of Ani DiFranco s song, Wishin and Hopin . Provide students with the lyrics, including:Show him t... |
Discuss as a pair:1. In what web of her own design does Arachne ensnare herself? Examine the question literally and symbolically.2. Why does Athena choose the spider for Arachne s new form? How is this choice appropriate on more than one level? Response JournalsIn response journals, ask students to examine Sir Walter S... |
Sinbad fulfilled his promise to Abigail and delivered her into the arms of Gregory. When Abigail told Gregory about her illegal escapade in order to cross the river, Gregory cast her aside because he thought that his reputation would be damaged when people heard what his fianc had done. Heartsick and rejected, Abigail ... |
How do we judge it? Is there absolute good or evil? Or are there degrees of good and evil?DURING READING ACTIVITIESThese activities encourage students to utilize research-based comprehension strategies such as predicting, connecting, summarizing, and determining main ideas while reading A Doll s House. Whether the play... |
Modeling If the reading will be done without prior discussion or research, the teacher can model proper interpretive form for students. Pick a monologue from the assigned reading and read once with no vocal inflection or facial expression, and then follow up with an animated reading of the same passage. Ask students to... |
An alternative is the ReQuest strategy, where the teacher models questioning after a segment of the act is read, and then students imitate such questioning after the next segment. Freeze-FrameDivide the class into small groups of 5 students. Have the group choose a scene and prepare a still photograph of their favorite... |
4. In front of the class, arrange yourselves into the frozen tableau, and either hold or post your quotation so that it is part of the book cover. Hold the scene for thirty seconds, so that the rest of the class can read and appreciate your illustrated classic. Modern Scene RewritesTo illustrate the point that period p... |
Rank professes his love, Nora demands the lamp be brought in. Why? Is this light real or artificial? What might Ibsen be suggesting about truth and light in the Helmer s household?5. Some histories of the tarantella dance explain that it is used to fight off the venomous effects of a spider bite. Other interpretations ... |
Give students a deadline to respond, and ask them to discuss not only the initial topic, but theirA Teacher s Guide to the Signet Classics Edition of Henrik Ibsen s A Doll s House15classmates responses as well. You may wish to extend the discussion in class. Electronic Chat RoomThe difference in the discussion board an... |
Explain. Opinion-Proof TeamsAssign one half of the class to one team, the second half to another team. Each team is given an opinion derived from major themes in A Doll s House. Students must work together to create a list of proofs for their opinion regardless of whether they agree with it or not. For example, one tea... |
ANALYZING THROUGH INDIVIDUAL RESPONSE Flow-ChartFlow charts help students differentiate between main action versus supporting action while keeping up with the play s storyline. Ask students to create a box and arrow flowchart in which only main action is recorded in the boxes. To practice predicting, students can stop ... |
On the right side column, students record their thinking about the event or quotation. They might comment on patterns they see developing, themes they see evolving, social or historical commentary they see being made, or connections they believe tie the play to modern society. As the double-column notes progress, stude... |
To emphasize the idea that connections should count, remind students to think about how these observations help them better understand the play, and to discard the post-its that do not aid in comprehension. At the end of each act, students can collaborate and categorize their connections, and stick their post-its on la... |
Most of us think about that at first. I thought about it, too, but I discovered I hadn t the courage. 3. Take on the role of Helmer in Act Three. Instead of letting Nora slam the door and leave, verbalize your sudden hope as she refers to the greatest miracle. Theatrical Device T-ChartTo focus on the theatrical devices... |
Describe any redeeming qualities this character may have. 7. Analyze the character s personality flaws. From what do they stem? How do they affect the choices he she makes?8. Choose an object this character holds or would hold dear. Explain the connection.9. Does this character have any secrets? If so, explain.10. Who ... |
Now that you have completed the play, what further commentary can you add? Do you and your classmates see your topic differently now? Why or why not?2. A Doll s House is full of references to dolls, puppets, and playthings. Trace these references throughout the play while summarizing Ibsen s ideas about gender and soci... |
Life and hard, bitter necessity have taught me that. How is A Doll s House a realistic play? What sets it apart from other nineteenth century dramas we ve read? How does A Doll s House help define the realistic movement in drama?10. At the end of the play, Nora slams the door to the doll house and walks away. Yet she l... |
Ask students to list all the ways Torvald has built his achievements by using Nora. Record their answers in the left circle. In the right circle, ask students to provide ways Solness has built his life using women, as well. Student responses that apply to both Torvald and Solness should be written in the area where the... |
Paul Willis. Best Ten Dollar Suit Pictures: 2004.The Master Builder. Dir. Michael Darlow. UK Television: 1988.The Wild Duck. Dir. Henri Safran. Film Bancor of Australia: 1983.III. GROUP AND INDIVIDUAL PROJECTSQAR GridIn order to develop levels of critical questioning, students will create their own questions on A Doll ... |
The rubric indicates components that will be assessed, such as adherence to Ibsen s style, complexity of character and theme, editing, and effort. Upon completion of the scene, writers can move into peer edit groups and grade two other classmates scenes using the rubric. Editors should make comments on both the scene a... |
The character s true identity should be evident in the clothes he she wears closest to the body, and the identities assigned them by others will be illustrated in the doll clothes designed to fit them. For example, the Nora paper doll might wear a t-shirt that reads, in search of identity or I am a human being. But she... |
Also creates a promotional product such as a digital movie trailer or movie poster. Justifies the group s casting choices of specific, contemporary actors. Costume Designer:Creates a portfolio of costumes for major characters. Work can be hand-drawn, computer assisted, or cut from magazines. Costume styles must align w... |
The gallery walk continues until the groups have seen and contributed to all posters and return to their original place. Four CornersFour Corners is a kinesthetic strategy for practicing point-of-view and argumentation techniques. Assign each corner of the classroom a different opinion, topic, or answer to a question. ... |
Students pretend they are one of the play s characters, and they design an appropriate vanity plate or bumper sticker for that character s car. For instance, Nora might choose a vanity plate that reads I4G , and Torvald s bumper sticker might say Appearance is Everything. A Teacher s Guide to the Signet Classics Editio... |
To Kill a Mockingbird. NY: Grand Central, 1988.Le Guin, Ursula. A Wizard of Earthsea. NY: Bantam, 2004.Miller, Arthur. The Crucible. NY: Penguin, 2003.Shaw, George Bernard. Major Barbara. NY: Penguin, 2001.Twain, Mark. Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. NY: Norton, 1998.Zusak, Markus. I am the Messenger. NY: Random, 2006.... |
Faustus. About the Editors of this GuideJeanne M. McGlinn, Professor in the Department of Education at the University of North Carolina at Asheville, teaches Children s and Adolescent Literature and directs the field experiences of 9-12 English licensure candidates. She is a Board member of NC English Teachers Associat... |
1 AGRICULTURE FORM III NOTES 17.0.0 Livestock Production Selecting and Breeding 12 Lessons 18.0.0 Livestock Production Livestock Rearing 10 Lessons 19.0.0 Farm Structures 18 Lessons 20.0.0 Agricultural Economics II Land Tenure and Land Reform 20 Lessons 21.0.0 Soil and Water Conservation 19 Lessons 22.0.0 Weeds and Wee... |
It is a copulatory organ, also used for urination. For free KCSE Notes, Exams, and Past Papers Visit https: Teacher.co.ke 4 Ovaries and fallopian tubes oviduct Two ovaries located in abdomen, left and right. Produce ova eggs and hormones which control sexual cycle. Oestrogen produced by graafian follicle inside ovary i... |
Loose and slackened pelvic girdle. Visible pin bones. General restlessness. Animal parturates within 2-3 hours after this signs. The correct presentation is with the front feet first ,and the head outstretched and resting in between the fee. Any other presentation called mal-presentation or breech presentation and requ... |
NB; Egg formation not depended on fertilization. Egg formation takes 24-26hours. The components of egg are obtained from body reserves of the hens body. Selection of a Breeding Stock Selection is used as a tool for livestock improvement. A breeding stock is a group of males and females which act as parents of future ge... |
Production and breeding efficiency decline with age. Level of performance Animals with highest production level selected. Performance best indicated by records. Good performance of animal indicated by; High milk, wool and egg production, Good mothering ability High prepotency which is the ability of a parent to pass go... |
Selection in cattle, and sheep, Selection in cattle Consider the following; Level Of Performance Which Include; Milk Yield Buter Content. Length Of Lactation Period. Calving Intervals. Age Of The Animal, Fertility, Physical Fitness, Health Of The Animal, Body Conformation, Suitability Of The Enterprise-Milk Or Beef Sel... |
To overcome production problems created by the environment. To satisfy consumers taste. For economic reasons. Terms Used in Breeding Inheritance Genetic transmission of characteristics from parents to offsprings. The mechanism of inheritance is carried by the sex cells gametes and is controlled by genes found in the ch... |
Limitations Lack of uniformity in animals that result from outbreeding. Desirable characteristics may be lost due to variation. Systems of Outbreeding Cross-breeding Mating of animals from two different pure breeds. Out-Crossing Mating of unrelated animals from the same breed. Upgrading Grading up Mating where the fema... |
Methods of Service in Livestock For free KCSE Notes, Exams, and Past Papers Visit https: Teacher.co.ke 14 Natural Mating Advantages: It is more accurate. It is less laborious. Useful when heat signs of females cannot be easily detected. Disadvantages Inbreeding is not easily controlled. Transmission of breeding disease... |
It requires skilled personnel. It requires special equipment for fertilization and storage of embryos. Signs of Parturition in Livestock Parturition is the act of giving birth in female animals. Parturition in Cattle The gestation period in cattle is 270-285 days averaging 280days. Signs of Parturition Restlessness Enl... |
Facilitate easy mating in adult life. Minimise fouling of the wool with faeces. Reduce incidences of blowfly infestation. Methods of Docking tailing Cutting with sharp knife or scalpel. For free KCSE Notes, Exams, and Past Papers Visit https: Teacher.co.ke 18 Use of elastrator and rubber ring. Dipping and Spraying Thes... |
Parturition in Cattle It is referred to as calving. Gestation period lasts 270-285 days after conception. When the signs of parturition are observed the cow should be separated from the rest of the herd. Normal calving should take 2 hours and the normal presentation is the muzzle, face or fore head on top of the forele... |
Milk present in the teats 24 hours before farrowing. After the signs are seen; Farrowing takes about 2-6 hours under normal condition. An attendant should be there to assist the mother and piglets. Ensure the removal of the after birth to prevent the sow from eating it. The sow should be fed well and given plenty of cl... |
Nearness to a source of water for use in their nutrition. A good distance from source of noise and other disturbances. Safety from predators for example honey badgers, ants safari ants , birds and other parasites such as wax moths. Feeding Normally bees are self-sufficient in providing their food from the honey they ma... |
Planting grass where necessary. Removing un desirable vegetation. Removing the silt. Fish Preservation Practices before preservation: Clean the fish to remove mud and any worms. Removing scales and slime. Opening the fish on the side to remove the gut and the intestines referred to as gutting. . Cleaning the abdominal ... |
Plastic and Synthetic Materials These include; glass, asbestos fibre polythene materials. Advantages Light, cheep depending on quality, easy to disinfect, can be moulded into any shape, are durable, cannot be destroyed by insects and fungus are water-proof. Disadvantages Are easily destroyed, fragile, very expensive re... |
Stores for equipment, tools and supplies. Buildings for growing crops e.g green house. Building for processing plant e.g milk plant. Parts of a building The foundation, The walls, The roof Include; kingpost, rafters, struts, tie beam, rafter batten For free KCSE Notes, Exams, and Past Papers Visit https: Teacher.co.ke ... |
Firm around posts or apply concrete. Fix wires on posts. Fix the droppers. Agricultural Economics II Land Tenure and Land Reforms Introduction For free KCSE Notes, Exams, and Past Papers Visit https: Teacher.co.ke 31 Land is an important factor of production. Without land it is impossible to practice the agricultural b... |
Disadvantages of co-operative tenure. Incase of poor management everybody will loose. For free KCSE Notes, Exams, and Past Papers Visit https: Teacher.co.ke 32 No individual title deed hence cannot secure loans. State ownership Land is owned by the whole state and is refered to as government land. Examples in Kenya; Ar... |
Advantages High production from the land hence high economic gains Allows foreigners to use and develop land No land disputes Create employment for the local people Generate government revenue through taxation. Disadvantages Individuals own large pieces of land while others are landless Large areas of land may be left ... |
To facilitate mechanization and improve production through efficiency. To improve level of production through effective supervision of the labour force and sound farming methods, Land Fragmentation and Sub-division This is the subdividing of a large piece of land into smaller portions. Sometimes it becomes necessary to... |
They should therefore be well maintained and used without wastage to sustain continuous production. Water loss during the rainy season should be prevented and excess water conserved for use during scarcity. Soil erosion must be controlled at whatever cost if soil is to be conserved. Soil Erosion It is the removal and c... |
Gulley - removal of soil from channels which become progressively deeper and wider. Riverbank Erosion - removal of soil along river banks by the river water. Solifluction - gravitational flow of soil saturated with water. Land slides - mass movement of rock debris and soil down a slope, For example; Slip movement of ea... |
Physical or Structural Control Measures These are soil and water conservation measures which involve mechanical constructions on the earth. They are used in areas of moderate slope between 13-55 . They include: Trash or stone lines; These are rows of heaped crop' residues or stones made along the contours. Filter strip... |
Dams and reservoirs ; Dams - barriers built across a river waterway to hold and store water. It reduces speed of runoff. Reservoirs - these are large storage tanks. Ridging - heaps of soil to reduce the speed of water, They retain the water for some time. Water Harvesting Methods Water harvesting and storage should be ... |
Weeds lower the quality of pasture for example: Tickberry Lantana camara Nut grass Cyperus rotundus , Manyatta grass Eleusine jaegeri Some weeds irritate workers thus reducing the efficiency in which they are controlled for example: Double thorn Oxygonum sinuatum , Stinging nettle Urtica massaica , Devil's horse whip A... |
Weed Identification Weeds are identified by their common individual names and botanical names. They are named according to specific features or according to person who identified them. Common Name Botanical Name Black Jack Bidens pilosa Mexican marigold Tagetes minuta 0xalislsorrel ..Oxalis spp. Double thorn Oxygonum s... |
Capital availability. Effect on environment. METHODS OF WEED CONTROL INCLUDE: Chemical Weed Control The use of chemicals known as herbicides to control weeds. Classification of Herbicides Based on: Formulation - the physical form of the herbicides for example: Liquids Wettable powders Emulsion Dust Time of Application ... |
Disadvantages of Chemical Weed Control It requires skilled labour in mixing and application. Cause environmental pollution. Herbicides have long residual effects which may interfere with future crops. It is very expensive. Mechanical Weed Control It involves the following operations: Tillage Cultivation This is the ope... |
Pests of grains attack the crops when the grains are formed. Field and Storage Pests Some pests attack the crops while in the field. Other pests attack the produce after it has been harvested and stored. Identification of Common Pests Name of Pest Crop Attacked Damage Done Control Measures Armyworms Cereal crops Defoli... |
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