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AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS IV .29 LIVESTOCK HEALTH INTRODUCTION TO LIVESTOCK HEALTH AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS II AND TENURE AND LAND REFORM . SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION .. .. WEEDS AND WEED CONTROL .. CROP PESTS AND DISEASES .. CROP PRODUCTION VI FIELD PRACTICES FOR MAIZE, MILLET, SORGHUM, BEANS AND RICE: HARVESTING OF COTTON, PYRETHRUM, SUGAR CANE COFFEE TEA AGRICULTURE ECONOMICS V . .. 32 AGRO FORESTRY ....32 SECTION I ANSWERS .. .. 34 SECTION II QUESTIONS FARM TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT ... .92 LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION I COMMON LIVESTOCK BREEDS 96 LIVESTOCK HEALTH II LIVESTOCK PARASITES 97 LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION II NUTRITION ..98 LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION III SELECTION AND BREEDING .. 99 LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV LIVESTOCK MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ..100 FARM STRUCTURES 103 LIVESTOCK HEALTH III LIVESTOCK DISEASES 108 LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION V POULTRY 110 LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION III LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES 112 FARM POWER AND MACHINERY ..113 SECTION IIAnswers ..117SECTION I : QUESTIONS INTRODUCTION TO AGRICULTURE This topic entails the following:- Definition of agriculture Main branches of agriculture Farming systems Farming methods Role of agriculture to Kenya s economy Varied opportunities in agriculture. |
WEEDS AND WEED CONTROL .. CROP PESTS AND DISEASES .. CROP PRODUCTION VI FIELD PRACTICES FOR MAIZE, MILLET, SORGHUM, BEANS AND RICE: HARVESTING OF COTTON, PYRETHRUM, SUGAR CANE COFFEE TEA AGRICULTURE ECONOMICS V . .. 32 AGRO FORESTRY ....32 SECTION I ANSWERS .. .. 34 SECTION II QUESTIONS FARM TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT ... .92 LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION I COMMON LIVESTOCK BREEDS 96 LIVESTOCK HEALTH II LIVESTOCK PARASITES 97 LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION II NUTRITION ..98 LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION III SELECTION AND BREEDING .. 99 LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV LIVESTOCK MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ..100 FARM STRUCTURES 103 LIVESTOCK HEALTH III LIVESTOCK DISEASES 108 LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION V POULTRY 110 LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION III LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES 112 FARM POWER AND MACHINERY ..113 SECTION IIAnswers ..117SECTION I : QUESTIONS INTRODUCTION TO AGRICULTURE This topic entails the following:- Definition of agriculture Main branches of agriculture Farming systems Farming methods Role of agriculture to Kenya s economy Varied opportunities in agriculture. The following relevant questions and their answers in this topic will help and motivate the user to comprehend and understand the required concepts and practices: 1. |
CROP PESTS AND DISEASES .. CROP PRODUCTION VI FIELD PRACTICES FOR MAIZE, MILLET, SORGHUM, BEANS AND RICE: HARVESTING OF COTTON, PYRETHRUM, SUGAR CANE COFFEE TEA AGRICULTURE ECONOMICS V . .. 32 AGRO FORESTRY ....32 SECTION I ANSWERS .. .. 34 SECTION II QUESTIONS FARM TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT ... .92 LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION I COMMON LIVESTOCK BREEDS 96 LIVESTOCK HEALTH II LIVESTOCK PARASITES 97 LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION II NUTRITION ..98 LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION III SELECTION AND BREEDING .. 99 LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV LIVESTOCK MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ..100 FARM STRUCTURES 103 LIVESTOCK HEALTH III LIVESTOCK DISEASES 108 LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION V POULTRY 110 LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION III LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES 112 FARM POWER AND MACHINERY ..113 SECTION IIAnswers ..117SECTION I : QUESTIONS INTRODUCTION TO AGRICULTURE This topic entails the following:- Definition of agriculture Main branches of agriculture Farming systems Farming methods Role of agriculture to Kenya s economy Varied opportunities in agriculture. The following relevant questions and their answers in this topic will help and motivate the user to comprehend and understand the required concepts and practices: 1. Give two factors which characterize intensive farming 2. |
CROP PRODUCTION VI FIELD PRACTICES FOR MAIZE, MILLET, SORGHUM, BEANS AND RICE: HARVESTING OF COTTON, PYRETHRUM, SUGAR CANE COFFEE TEA AGRICULTURE ECONOMICS V . .. 32 AGRO FORESTRY ....32 SECTION I ANSWERS .. .. 34 SECTION II QUESTIONS FARM TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT ... .92 LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION I COMMON LIVESTOCK BREEDS 96 LIVESTOCK HEALTH II LIVESTOCK PARASITES 97 LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION II NUTRITION ..98 LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION III SELECTION AND BREEDING .. 99 LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IV LIVESTOCK MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ..100 FARM STRUCTURES 103 LIVESTOCK HEALTH III LIVESTOCK DISEASES 108 LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION V POULTRY 110 LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION III LIVESTOCK REARING PRACTICES 112 FARM POWER AND MACHINERY ..113 SECTION IIAnswers ..117SECTION I : QUESTIONS INTRODUCTION TO AGRICULTURE This topic entails the following:- Definition of agriculture Main branches of agriculture Farming systems Farming methods Role of agriculture to Kenya s economy Varied opportunities in agriculture. The following relevant questions and their answers in this topic will help and motivate the user to comprehend and understand the required concepts and practices: 1. Give two factors which characterize intensive farming 2. State three reasons why organic farming is encouraged in farming 3. |
The following relevant questions and their answers in this topic will help and motivate the user to comprehend and understand the required concepts and practices: 1. Give two factors which characterize intensive farming 2. State three reasons why organic farming is encouraged in farming 3. State two ways in which agriculture contributes to industrial development 4. State four ways by which wind affects the growth of crops 5. State one physical characteristic used in classifying soil 6. Outline four advantages of organic farming 7. State two conditions under which shifting cultivation is practiced 8. Differentiate between the following terms as used in Agriculture:- a Oleculture and floriculture b Apiculture and aquaculture FACTORS WHICH INFLUENCE AGRICULTURE In this topic, the following factors influence agriculture. -Human factors e.g. -level of education, -Health HIV AIDS, -Economic status of the farmer e.t.c - Biotic factors e.g. pests, parasites, decomposers, pathogens, pollinators, predators e.t.c. |
State two conditions under which shifting cultivation is practiced 8. Differentiate between the following terms as used in Agriculture:- a Oleculture and floriculture b Apiculture and aquaculture FACTORS WHICH INFLUENCE AGRICULTURE In this topic, the following factors influence agriculture. -Human factors e.g. -level of education, -Health HIV AIDS, -Economic status of the farmer e.t.c - Biotic factors e.g. pests, parasites, decomposers, pathogens, pollinators, predators e.t.c. -. Climatic factors e.g. rainfall, temperature, wind and relative humidity, light - Edaplus factors e.g. type of soils, soil profile, soil structure, soil texture, soil chemical properties. The following relevant questions and their answers in this topic will greatly help and motivate the user to comprehend and understand the required concepts: 1. State two roles of humus in the soil that are beneficial to crops 2.a outline five activities that may be undertaken in organic farming 3. |
- Climatic factors e.g. rainfall, temperature, wind and relative humidity, light - Edaplus factors e.g. type of soils, soil profile, soil structure, soil texture, soil chemical properties. The following relevant questions and their answers in this topic will greatly help and motivate the user to comprehend and understand the required concepts: 1. State two roles of humus in the soil that are beneficial to crops 2.a outline five activities that may be undertaken in organic farming 3. List four effects of temperature on crop growth 4. State four ways by which wind affects the growth of crops 5. Name two factors related to light that affect crop production and distribution in Kenya 6. Describe the environmental conditions that may lead to low crop yields 7. List three environmental factors that affect crop distribution in Kenya 8. State one physical characteristic used in classifying soil 9. Outline four advantages of organic farming 10. |
List three environmental factors that affect crop distribution in Kenya 8. State one physical characteristic used in classifying soil 9. Outline four advantages of organic farming 10. The diagrams below show an experiment carried out by a form 1 class. Study them carefully and answer questions that follow: a What was the aim of the experiment? B What was the observation that form 1 students made at the end of the experiment in flasks D and E? C Give the reason for the observation made in flask D 12. Briefly explain how sub-soil as a horizon in a soil profile can affect soil productivity 13. A What are the three aspects of light that are important to a farmer? B Mention three ways through which relative humidity affect crop production 14. |
Briefly explain how sub-soil as a horizon in a soil profile can affect soil productivity 13. A What are the three aspects of light that are important to a farmer? B Mention three ways through which relative humidity affect crop production 14. The diagram labeled E and F below illustrates some type of soil structure. Study the diagrams carefully and answer the questions that follow: a Identify the types of soil structure illustrated in diagrams E and F b Identify the parts labeled i and ii in diagram F c Outline the influence of physical characteristics of soil on its properties 15. State three physical characteristics of soil 16. Study the diagram below and answer the questions that follow a State merits of horizon A b State distinct features of horizon B c What does the term transition zone refer to in soil profile i Name horizon C and state its importance 17. Outline two ways temperature affects crop production 18. |
State three physical characteristics of soil 16. Study the diagram below and answer the questions that follow a State merits of horizon A b State distinct features of horizon B c What does the term transition zone refer to in soil profile i Name horizon C and state its importance 17. Outline two ways temperature affects crop production 18. List four ways by which biological agents can enhance the process of soil formation 19. List four environmental factors that affect crop production in Kenya 20. Explain the role played by topography in soil formation 22. Mention two importance of parent s material in soil profile 23. Mention four ways of modifying soil temperature in crop production24.a Mention two factors that affect selectivity of herbicides b Name two farming practice that cause water pollution 25. Give four factors that influence soil formation 26. State three properties of soil that is influenced by soil texture 27. |
Mention four ways of modifying soil temperature in crop production24.a Mention two factors that affect selectivity of herbicides b Name two farming practice that cause water pollution 25. Give four factors that influence soil formation 26. State three properties of soil that is influenced by soil texture 27. Name any t hree agents of biological weathering CROP PRODUCTION I LAND PREPARATION Land preparation entails the following farming practices. Land clearing or bush clearing tools, chemicals and equipment used. Primary cultivation, tools and equipment as machines used. Primary cultivation, tools and equipment as machines used. Secondary cultivation, tools and equipment used. Tertiary operations e.g. ridging, rolling and leveling. Sub-soiling, tools used and reasons for the same. Minimum tillage and reasons for the secure. The following relevant questions and their answers in this topic will greatly help and motivate the user to comprehend and understand the required concepts and farming practices: 1. |
Sub-soiling, tools used and reasons for the same. Minimum tillage and reasons for the secure. The following relevant questions and their answers in this topic will greatly help and motivate the user to comprehend and understand the required concepts and farming practices: 1. Give three factors that determine depth of ploughing during land preparation 2. List four reasons for cultivating land before planting 3. A What is minimum tillage? B Give four farming practices that help in achieving minimum tillage. 4. A Describe the establishment of grass pasture from the time the land is ploughed using a mould board plough to the time the pasture is ready for grazing b Explain five practices that a farmer should carry out to ensure uniform germination of seeds c Describe five factors that determine the number of cultivations when preparing a seedbed 5. |
B Give four farming practices that help in achieving minimum tillage. 4. A Describe the establishment of grass pasture from the time the land is ploughed using a mould board plough to the time the pasture is ready for grazing b Explain five practices that a farmer should carry out to ensure uniform germination of seeds c Describe five factors that determine the number of cultivations when preparing a seedbed 5. State four physical conditions of the seedbed that need to be changed to facilitate germination 6. State four importance of sub soiling as a tertiary operation 7. Outline four advantages of rolling in seedbed preparation 8. State four disadvantages of minimum tillage 9. |
State four importance of sub soiling as a tertiary operation 7. Outline four advantages of rolling in seedbed preparation 8. State four disadvantages of minimum tillage 9. The diagram below illustrate a tertiary operation carried out in the farm a Identify the tertiary operation b i State the importance of the tertiary operation identified in 20 a above ii Give two other tertiary operations carried out in the field besides the one identified above 10. Give two reasons why it is advisable to cultivate the field during the dry season 11. How are hard pans caused by cultivation? 12. Give four factors that determine the number of secondary cultivation operations 13. Define the term minimum tillage 14. List four advantages of timely planting 15. State any two factors that determine the number of cultivation on a field before it is ready for planting 17. Give three benefits of timely planting of annual crops 18. |
List four advantages of timely planting 15. State any two factors that determine the number of cultivation on a field before it is ready for planting 17. Give three benefits of timely planting of annual crops 18. State four factors determining the depth of ploughing land WATER SUPPLY, IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE This topic entails the following: Hydrological cycle Sources of water on the farm Water collection and storage Pumps and pumping of water Types water pipes Water treatment Uses of eater of the farm. Types of irrigation advantages and disadvantages. Importance and methods of drainages Water pollution causes and prevention. The following relevant questions and their answers in this topic will greatly help and motivate the user to comprehend and understand the required concepts and practices: 1. State two reasons for treating water for us on the farm 2. State three reasons for draining swampy land before growing crops 3. |
The following relevant questions and their answers in this topic will greatly help and motivate the user to comprehend and understand the required concepts and practices: 1. State two reasons for treating water for us on the farm 2. State three reasons for draining swampy land before growing crops 3. Use the diagram below of irrigation method to answer the questions that follow. A Identify the method of irrigation b State four advantages of the above irrigation system c State three factors that determine the type of irrigation on the farm d State two disadvantages o f the above system of irrigation 4.a What is irrigation b Outline three methods of irrigation 5. A List four use of water on the farm b Give four methods of harvesting water on the farm c Outline the stages involved in water treatment process 6. List any four uses of water in the farm 7. State two types of irrigation used in Kenya 8. |
A List four use of water on the farm b Give four methods of harvesting water on the farm c Outline the stages involved in water treatment process 6. List any four uses of water in the farm 7. State two types of irrigation used in Kenya 8. Outline four disadvantages of cambered beds Describe the process of water treatment9. Give four roles of drainage as a method of land reclamation 10. Name two types of water pumps which can be used in the farm 11. Name any four examples of working capital in maize production 12. List four types of water pumps which can be used in the farm 13. State four methods of drainage 14. Distinguish between a dam and a weir 15. How do the government control prices of essential farm produce 16. What is the difference between pumping and piping of water in the farm? 17. List four reasons of draining water logged soils before planting. 18. |
Give four reasons for practicing irrigation 22.a State four importance of water to plants b State four reasons for treating water before use c Describe water treatment system in a chemical treatment plant23. Name four diseases caused to man by drinking untreated water 24. State the functions of the following chemicals as used in water treatment; a Chlorine. B Aluminum sulphate AIlum 21. The diagrams labeled S and T illustrate some methods of draining waterlogged fields; use it to answer the questions that follow: a Identify the methods illustrated b What are the materials in S labeled M and N c Name two types of crops that can be planted in the field instead of carrying out the practice illustrated in S and T d What is the importance of carrying out land reclamation? |
State the functions of the following chemicals as used in water treatment; a Chlorine. B Aluminum sulphate AIlum 21. The diagrams labeled S and T illustrate some methods of draining waterlogged fields; use it to answer the questions that follow: a Identify the methods illustrated b What are the materials in S labeled M and N c Name two types of crops that can be planted in the field instead of carrying out the practice illustrated in S and T d What is the importance of carrying out land reclamation? SOIL FERTILITY 1 ORGANIC MANURE This topic entails the following: Characteristics of a fertile soil How soil loses soil fertility Soil fertility maintenance Reasons of adding organic matter to soil Disadvantages of organic manure Types of organic manure i.e green manure, farm yard manure and compost measure. |
B Aluminum sulphate AIlum 21. The diagrams labeled S and T illustrate some methods of draining waterlogged fields; use it to answer the questions that follow: a Identify the methods illustrated b What are the materials in S labeled M and N c Name two types of crops that can be planted in the field instead of carrying out the practice illustrated in S and T d What is the importance of carrying out land reclamation? SOIL FERTILITY 1 ORGANIC MANURE This topic entails the following: Characteristics of a fertile soil How soil loses soil fertility Soil fertility maintenance Reasons of adding organic matter to soil Disadvantages of organic manure Types of organic manure i.e green manure, farm yard manure and compost measure. The following relevant questions and their answers in this topic will greatly help the user to comprehend and understand the required concepts and practices: 1. |
The diagrams labeled S and T illustrate some methods of draining waterlogged fields; use it to answer the questions that follow: a Identify the methods illustrated b What are the materials in S labeled M and N c Name two types of crops that can be planted in the field instead of carrying out the practice illustrated in S and T d What is the importance of carrying out land reclamation? SOIL FERTILITY 1 ORGANIC MANURE This topic entails the following: Characteristics of a fertile soil How soil loses soil fertility Soil fertility maintenance Reasons of adding organic matter to soil Disadvantages of organic manure Types of organic manure i.e green manure, farm yard manure and compost measure. The following relevant questions and their answers in this topic will greatly help the user to comprehend and understand the required concepts and practices: 1. State two roles of humus in the soil that are beneficial to crops 2. |
SOIL FERTILITY 1 ORGANIC MANURE This topic entails the following: Characteristics of a fertile soil How soil loses soil fertility Soil fertility maintenance Reasons of adding organic matter to soil Disadvantages of organic manure Types of organic manure i.e green manure, farm yard manure and compost measure. The following relevant questions and their answers in this topic will greatly help the user to comprehend and understand the required concepts and practices: 1. State two roles of humus in the soil that are beneficial to crops 2. List four characteristic of fertile soil 3. The diagram below illustrates a compost heap. Study it and answer the questions that followa Name the part labeled Q and state its function b What is the function of each of the following components in preparation of compost manure i Top soil ii Wood ash iii Rotten manure 4. |
State two roles of humus in the soil that are beneficial to crops 2. List four characteristic of fertile soil 3. The diagram below illustrates a compost heap. Study it and answer the questions that followa Name the part labeled Q and state its function b What is the function of each of the following components in preparation of compost manure i Top soil ii Wood ash iii Rotten manure 4. The illustration below shows a four heap system of making compost manure. Study it and answer the questions that follow. A By use of arrows indicate on the diagram above how the following material should be transferred from one heap to another till the manure is applied in the field b How long does the material take to be ready for application in the field as manure? |
The diagram below illustrates a compost heap. Study it and answer the questions that followa Name the part labeled Q and state its function b What is the function of each of the following components in preparation of compost manure i Top soil ii Wood ash iii Rotten manure 4. The illustration below shows a four heap system of making compost manure. Study it and answer the questions that follow. A By use of arrows indicate on the diagram above how the following material should be transferred from one heap to another till the manure is applied in the field b How long does the material take to be ready for application in the field as manure? C Give a reason for turning the material in the heap regularly d Give two reasons why it is necessary to sprinkle water on the heap 5. Name four indicators of well-decomposed manure 6. |
A By use of arrows indicate on the diagram above how the following material should be transferred from one heap to another till the manure is applied in the field b How long does the material take to be ready for application in the field as manure? C Give a reason for turning the material in the heap regularly d Give two reasons why it is necessary to sprinkle water on the heap 5. Name four indicators of well-decomposed manure 6. A State two factors that should be considered when siting a compost manure heap b When preparing compost manure, explain the importance of each of the following:- i Addition of ash ii Regular turning of the compost manure7. What is leaching ? 8. State four advantages of adding organic matter to a sandy soil 9. |
What is leaching ? 8. State four advantages of adding organic matter to a sandy soil 9. A Describe the preparation of the following farm materials: i Farm yard manure ii Hay b Explain the factors considered in timely planting of annual crops 10. A ration containing 18 protein is to be made from maize and sunflower cake. Given that maize contains 7 protein, and sunflower seed cake 34 protein. Use Pearson square method to calculate the value of feedstuffs to be used to prepare 100kgs of the feed ii A part from Pearson square method, name two other methods that can be used to formulate feed ration AGRICULTURE ECONOMICS BASIC CONCEPTS AND FARM RECORDS This topic entails the following Definition of scarcity, preference and classic, opportunity cot as used in agriculture production. |
State four advantages of adding organic matter to a sandy soil 9. A Describe the preparation of the following farm materials: i Farm yard manure ii Hay b Explain the factors considered in timely planting of annual crops 10. A ration containing 18 protein is to be made from maize and sunflower cake. Given that maize contains 7 protein, and sunflower seed cake 34 protein. Use Pearson square method to calculate the value of feedstuffs to be used to prepare 100kgs of the feed ii A part from Pearson square method, name two other methods that can be used to formulate feed ration AGRICULTURE ECONOMICS BASIC CONCEPTS AND FARM RECORDS This topic entails the following Definition of scarcity, preference and classic, opportunity cot as used in agriculture production. Uses of farm records Types of farm records i.e production records, filed operation records, breeding records, feeding records, health, labour records and master roll. |
A Describe the preparation of the following farm materials: i Farm yard manure ii Hay b Explain the factors considered in timely planting of annual crops 10. A ration containing 18 protein is to be made from maize and sunflower cake. Given that maize contains 7 protein, and sunflower seed cake 34 protein. Use Pearson square method to calculate the value of feedstuffs to be used to prepare 100kgs of the feed ii A part from Pearson square method, name two other methods that can be used to formulate feed ration AGRICULTURE ECONOMICS BASIC CONCEPTS AND FARM RECORDS This topic entails the following Definition of scarcity, preference and classic, opportunity cot as used in agriculture production. Uses of farm records Types of farm records i.e production records, filed operation records, breeding records, feeding records, health, labour records and master roll. The following relevant questions and their answers in this topic will greatly help and motivate the user comprehend and understand the concepts and practices. |
A ration containing 18 protein is to be made from maize and sunflower cake. Given that maize contains 7 protein, and sunflower seed cake 34 protein. Use Pearson square method to calculate the value of feedstuffs to be used to prepare 100kgs of the feed ii A part from Pearson square method, name two other methods that can be used to formulate feed ration AGRICULTURE ECONOMICS BASIC CONCEPTS AND FARM RECORDS This topic entails the following Definition of scarcity, preference and classic, opportunity cot as used in agriculture production. Uses of farm records Types of farm records i.e production records, filed operation records, breeding records, feeding records, health, labour records and master roll. The following relevant questions and their answers in this topic will greatly help and motivate the user comprehend and understand the concepts and practices. 1. A What are the uses of farm records to a farmer? 2. |
1. A What are the uses of farm records to a farmer? 2. Identify the farm record below and the questions that follow: Date Disease symptoms Animals affected Drug used Cost of treatment Remarks a Identity of the record b State two different information that should be entered in the remarks column c Give two importance of keeping the farm record illustrated above 3. State four uses of farm records 4. State four uses of farm records 5. Outline two ways the level of education and technology influence the efficiency of agricultural production 6. Study the illustration below of farm records:- Use it to answer the questions that follow: Enterprise Month Name of cow DAYS IN MONTH 1 2 3 4 5 6 AM PM AM PM AM PM AM PM AM PM AM PM a Name the type of the farm record illustrated above b Give three reasons for keeping health records in a livestock production c Give three pieces of information a dairy farm manager should collect for planning purposes 7. |
State four uses of farm records 5. Outline two ways the level of education and technology influence the efficiency of agricultural production 6. Study the illustration below of farm records:- Use it to answer the questions that follow: Enterprise Month Name of cow DAYS IN MONTH 1 2 3 4 5 6 AM PM AM PM AM PM AM PM AM PM AM PM a Name the type of the farm record illustrated above b Give three reasons for keeping health records in a livestock production c Give three pieces of information a dairy farm manager should collect for planning purposes 7. List down four pieces of information recorded in a field operation record. 8. List two events occur during induction stroke in a four stroke engine 9. Give two conditions under which a farmer may prefer the use of donkey trailed cart instead of a tractor drawn trailer in his farmForm 1 work ANSWERS INTRODUCTION TO AGRICULTURE 1. |
8. List two events occur during induction stroke in a four stroke engine 9. Give two conditions under which a farmer may prefer the use of donkey trailed cart instead of a tractor drawn trailer in his farmForm 1 work ANSWERS INTRODUCTION TO AGRICULTURE 1. Two factors which characterize intensive farming Small farms Huge capital Skilled labour Produce for sale Mechanization done 2. Three reasons why organic farming is encouraged in farming Cheap Environmental friendly No chemical residues in produce 3.two ways in which Agriculture contributes to industrial development. -. Provide raw materials for industries. -. Provide market for industrial goods. -. Is a source of capital for starting industries. 4.four ways by which wind affects the growth of crops. -. Causes physical damage to crops. -. Cause rapid spread of diseases pests weeds. -. Can cause water stress as a result of evaporation. -. Causes stress of crops due to chilling caused cold winds. |
- Cause rapid spread of diseases pests weeds. -. Can cause water stress as a result of evaporation. -. Causes stress of crops due to chilling caused cold winds. -. Encourage transpiration hence water and mineral uptake. Agriculture rearing of fish in fish ponds 5. One physical characteristic used in classifying soil is: Colour, Texture, Structure 6. Four advantages of organic farming Environmental friendly Products do not have organic farming Products do not have organic chemical residue Improve soil structure Replenishes nutrients in the soil as it uses organic manure Enhances soil water retention Provides food for soil microbes Enhances soil water infiltration 7. Two conditions under which shifting cultivation is practiced are: Can only be practiced where land is abundant Practiced where population is sparse Practiced where number of livestock per units low 2 mks 8. |
One physical characteristic used in classifying soil is: Colour, Texture, Structure 6. Four advantages of organic farming Environmental friendly Products do not have organic farming Products do not have organic chemical residue Improve soil structure Replenishes nutrients in the soil as it uses organic manure Enhances soil water retention Provides food for soil microbes Enhances soil water infiltration 7. Two conditions under which shifting cultivation is practiced are: Can only be practiced where land is abundant Practiced where population is sparse Practiced where number of livestock per units low 2 mks 8. Four factors that determine the time of planting a crop a Olericulture production of vegetables Floriculture production of flowers b Apiculture bee keeping Agriculture rearing of fish in fish ponds FACTORS WHICH INFLUENCE AGRICULTURE 1. |
Four advantages of organic farming Environmental friendly Products do not have organic farming Products do not have organic chemical residue Improve soil structure Replenishes nutrients in the soil as it uses organic manure Enhances soil water retention Provides food for soil microbes Enhances soil water infiltration 7. Two conditions under which shifting cultivation is practiced are: Can only be practiced where land is abundant Practiced where population is sparse Practiced where number of livestock per units low 2 mks 8. Four factors that determine the time of planting a crop a Olericulture production of vegetables Floriculture production of flowers b Apiculture bee keeping Agriculture rearing of fish in fish ponds FACTORS WHICH INFLUENCE AGRICULTURE 1. Two roles of humus in the soil that are beneficial to crops Provide nutrients Increase water holding capacity Increase soil temperature Neutral soil PH 2.a five activities that may be undertaken in organic farming Mulching Apply manure Use medicinal plants to control parasites and diseases Crop rotation Rear livestock on natural organically grown pasture Physical cultural biological pests, weeds and disease control 3. |
Two conditions under which shifting cultivation is practiced are: Can only be practiced where land is abundant Practiced where population is sparse Practiced where number of livestock per units low 2 mks 8. Four factors that determine the time of planting a crop a Olericulture production of vegetables Floriculture production of flowers b Apiculture bee keeping Agriculture rearing of fish in fish ponds FACTORS WHICH INFLUENCE AGRICULTURE 1. Two roles of humus in the soil that are beneficial to crops Provide nutrients Increase water holding capacity Increase soil temperature Neutral soil PH 2.a five activities that may be undertaken in organic farming Mulching Apply manure Use medicinal plants to control parasites and diseases Crop rotation Rear livestock on natural organically grown pasture Physical cultural biological pests, weeds and disease control 3. Four effects of temperature on crop growth Low temp-slow growth rate -increase incidence of negative infection e.g. CBD -improve quality of some crop High temp-cause wilting -increase growth rate -improve quality of some crops -increase pest and disease incidences 1 2x4 2mks 4.four ways by which wind affects the growth of crops. |
Four factors that determine the time of planting a crop a Olericulture production of vegetables Floriculture production of flowers b Apiculture bee keeping Agriculture rearing of fish in fish ponds FACTORS WHICH INFLUENCE AGRICULTURE 1. Two roles of humus in the soil that are beneficial to crops Provide nutrients Increase water holding capacity Increase soil temperature Neutral soil PH 2.a five activities that may be undertaken in organic farming Mulching Apply manure Use medicinal plants to control parasites and diseases Crop rotation Rear livestock on natural organically grown pasture Physical cultural biological pests, weeds and disease control 3. Four effects of temperature on crop growth Low temp-slow growth rate -increase incidence of negative infection e.g. CBD -improve quality of some crop High temp-cause wilting -increase growth rate -improve quality of some crops -increase pest and disease incidences 1 2x4 2mks 4.four ways by which wind affects the growth of crops. -. Causes physical damage to crops. |
Two roles of humus in the soil that are beneficial to crops Provide nutrients Increase water holding capacity Increase soil temperature Neutral soil PH 2.a five activities that may be undertaken in organic farming Mulching Apply manure Use medicinal plants to control parasites and diseases Crop rotation Rear livestock on natural organically grown pasture Physical cultural biological pests, weeds and disease control 3. Four effects of temperature on crop growth Low temp-slow growth rate -increase incidence of negative infection e.g. CBD -improve quality of some crop High temp-cause wilting -increase growth rate -improve quality of some crops -increase pest and disease incidences 1 2x4 2mks 4.four ways by which wind affects the growth of crops. -. Causes physical damage to crops. -. Cause rapid spread of diseases pests weeds. |
Four effects of temperature on crop growth Low temp-slow growth rate -increase incidence of negative infection e.g. CBD -improve quality of some crop High temp-cause wilting -increase growth rate -improve quality of some crops -increase pest and disease incidences 1 2x4 2mks 4.four ways by which wind affects the growth of crops. -. Causes physical damage to crops. -. Cause rapid spread of diseases pests weeds. -. Can cause water stress as a result of evaporation. -. Causes stress of crops due to chilling caused cold winds. -. Encourage transpiration hence water and mineral uptake. 5. Two factors related to light that affect crop production and distribution in Kenya:- Light intensity Light duration - Light wavelength6. |
- Encourage transpiration hence water and mineral uptake. 5. Two factors related to light that affect crop production and distribution in Kenya:- Light intensity Light duration - Light wavelength6. The environmental conditions that may lead to low crop yields Poor soil fertility infertile soil Damage by hailstorms Less rainfall unreliable drought Poor soil type resulting into leaching or water logging Inappropriate soil PH Inappropriate temperature too low or high Excessive wind leading to increase in water loss from the soil Extreme relative humidity Extreme of light intensity Topography some attitudes e.g. very high may limit crop growth 1mk x any 7pts 7mks 7.- Rainfall Soil Topography Light Wind 8. One physical characteristic used in classifying soil is: Colour, Texture, Structure 9. |
Two factors related to light that affect crop production and distribution in Kenya:- Light intensity Light duration - Light wavelength6. The environmental conditions that may lead to low crop yields Poor soil fertility infertile soil Damage by hailstorms Less rainfall unreliable drought Poor soil type resulting into leaching or water logging Inappropriate soil PH Inappropriate temperature too low or high Excessive wind leading to increase in water loss from the soil Extreme relative humidity Extreme of light intensity Topography some attitudes e.g. very high may limit crop growth 1mk x any 7pts 7mks 7.- Rainfall Soil Topography Light Wind 8. One physical characteristic used in classifying soil is: Colour, Texture, Structure 9. Four advantages of organic farming Environmental friendly Products do not have organic farming Products do not have organic chemical residue Improve soil structure Replenishes nutrients in the soil as it uses organic manure Enhances soil water retention Provides food for soil microbes Enhances soil water infiltration 4x 2mks 10. |
The environmental conditions that may lead to low crop yields Poor soil fertility infertile soil Damage by hailstorms Less rainfall unreliable drought Poor soil type resulting into leaching or water logging Inappropriate soil PH Inappropriate temperature too low or high Excessive wind leading to increase in water loss from the soil Extreme relative humidity Extreme of light intensity Topography some attitudes e.g. very high may limit crop growth 1mk x any 7pts 7mks 7.- Rainfall Soil Topography Light Wind 8. One physical characteristic used in classifying soil is: Colour, Texture, Structure 9. Four advantages of organic farming Environmental friendly Products do not have organic farming Products do not have organic chemical residue Improve soil structure Replenishes nutrients in the soil as it uses organic manure Enhances soil water retention Provides food for soil microbes Enhances soil water infiltration 4x 2mks 10. A The aim of the experiment was:- to show presence of living organisms in the soil b observations were: Flask D - Limewater turns milky turbid 1mk Flask E Lime water remains clear 1mk c The reason for the observation in flask D is:- Carbon dioxide which turns water milky in flask D would have been produced only during the respiration of living organisms present in fresh soil 11. |
One physical characteristic used in classifying soil is: Colour, Texture, Structure 9. Four advantages of organic farming Environmental friendly Products do not have organic farming Products do not have organic chemical residue Improve soil structure Replenishes nutrients in the soil as it uses organic manure Enhances soil water retention Provides food for soil microbes Enhances soil water infiltration 4x 2mks 10. A The aim of the experiment was:- to show presence of living organisms in the soil b observations were: Flask D - Limewater turns milky turbid 1mk Flask E Lime water remains clear 1mk c The reason for the observation in flask D is:- Carbon dioxide which turns water milky in flask D would have been produced only during the respiration of living organisms present in fresh soil 11. -. It may have hard pan which interfere with water infiltration 12. |
Four advantages of organic farming Environmental friendly Products do not have organic farming Products do not have organic chemical residue Improve soil structure Replenishes nutrients in the soil as it uses organic manure Enhances soil water retention Provides food for soil microbes Enhances soil water infiltration 4x 2mks 10. A The aim of the experiment was:- to show presence of living organisms in the soil b observations were: Flask D - Limewater turns milky turbid 1mk Flask E Lime water remains clear 1mk c The reason for the observation in flask D is:- Carbon dioxide which turns water milky in flask D would have been produced only during the respiration of living organisms present in fresh soil 11. -. It may have hard pan which interfere with water infiltration 12. A - Light duration Light intensity Light wave length x3 1 mks b Evapotranspiration Presence of pest 13.a - E Single grained structure - F Granular structure 1x1 1 mk b i Humus with clay 1x1 1 mk ii Air space 1x1 1 mk c - Colour affects soil texture and hence micro- organisms in the soil - Texture affects drainage, aeration and capillary - Structure affects aeration and root penetration 14. |
A State merits of horizon A source of plant nutrients support anchor the crops store of water for the crops sources of soil micro organism b State distinct features of horizon B deficient of humus nutrients contain leached nutrients contains more compact soil particles presence of hard pans in some soils c Transitional zone-this is a zone bordering two adjacent layer of soil profile i Weathered rock Importance Give rise to sub soil Source of minerals Determine mineral content of soil and type of soil 16 Low temperatures encourages crop diseases such as leaf rust Low temperatures may increase or lower the quality of farm produce High temperatures hastens maturity improves the quality lower the quality Increases the rate of evapo transpiration which may result loss plant moisture leading to wilting of crops 17. Movement of animals in large numbers Decomposition of plant and animal remains by soil micro- organisms Physical breaking of rocks by roots of higher plants Man s activities e.g. cultivation, mining and road construction Mixing up of soil by animals e.g. earth worms and 18. -. Temperature Altitude - Soil type; - Prevailing winds;- Rainfall; 4x 2mks 19. -. It influences the movement of the weathered materials hence affecting the depth of soil development; 22. |
Movement of animals in large numbers Decomposition of plant and animal remains by soil micro- organisms Physical breaking of rocks by roots of higher plants Man s activities e.g. cultivation, mining and road construction Mixing up of soil by animals e.g. earth worms and 18. -. Temperature Altitude - Soil type; - Prevailing winds;- Rainfall; 4x 2mks 19. -. It influences the movement of the weathered materials hence affecting the depth of soil development; 22. Two importance of parent s material in soil profile Determine soil characteristics Determine soil depth Determine soil nutrients 23. Four ways of modifying soil temperature in crop production Mulching Pruning Shading of crops Irrigation 4x mks 24.a two factors that affect selectivity of herbicides Stage of plants growth Plants morphology and anatomy Mode of action Environmental factors 2x1 2mks b Name two farming practice that cause water pollution 25. |
- It influences the movement of the weathered materials hence affecting the depth of soil development; 22. Two importance of parent s material in soil profile Determine soil characteristics Determine soil depth Determine soil nutrients 23. Four ways of modifying soil temperature in crop production Mulching Pruning Shading of crops Irrigation 4x mks 24.a two factors that affect selectivity of herbicides Stage of plants growth Plants morphology and anatomy Mode of action Environmental factors 2x1 2mks b Name two farming practice that cause water pollution 25. Four factors that influence soil formation Parents rock material Climate Topography Biotic organic living organism 26. -. Drainage -Aeration -Water-holding capacity -capillary 27.-large animals e.g. Buffaloes -Man activities e.g. farming -Root pressure of plants -Burrowing animals e.g moles, termites CROP PRODUCTION I LAND PREPARATION 1. |
Four ways of modifying soil temperature in crop production Mulching Pruning Shading of crops Irrigation 4x mks 24.a two factors that affect selectivity of herbicides Stage of plants growth Plants morphology and anatomy Mode of action Environmental factors 2x1 2mks b Name two farming practice that cause water pollution 25. Four factors that influence soil formation Parents rock material Climate Topography Biotic organic living organism 26. -. Drainage -Aeration -Water-holding capacity -capillary 27.-large animals e.g. Buffaloes -Man activities e.g. farming -Root pressure of plants -Burrowing animals e.g moles, termites CROP PRODUCTION I LAND PREPARATION 1. Three factors that determine depth of ploughing during land preparation Crop to be planted Implement available Type of soil 2.Four reasons for cultivating land before planting. -. To improve soil aeration. -. To improve germination. -. Destroy weeds. -. Destroy weeds. -. Incorporate organic matter in the soil. -. Increase water infiltration. 3. |
- Incorporate organic matter in the soil. -. Increase water infiltration. 3. A Is a situation in which least possible cultivation operations are carried out in crop production. B - Clearing the land bush clearing. -. Using appropriate chemicals to kill the existing vegetation. -. Weeding using herbicides. -. Planting drilling seeds directly into the stubble of previous crop. |
- Using appropriate chemicals to kill the existing vegetation. -. Weeding using herbicides. -. Planting drilling seeds directly into the stubble of previous crop. 4. A - Harrow the land to a fine filth; - Harrow during the dry or before the rains; - Make the seed be weed free ensure clean seed bed; - Firm the seed bed using rollers after sowing; - Select a desirable variety of seed for the ecological zone,; - Sow seeds at the onset rains early planting; - Apply phosphatic fertilizers at appropriate rate of 200 300 kgs ha at planting time; - Drill or broadcast the seeds evenly; - Use a recommended seed rate for the variety seed rate of 1.5 2.0 kh ha pure seeds; - Bury seeds at 2 times their diameter; - Control weeds by uprooting apply a suitable herbicide; - Apply nitrogenous fertilizers about 6 weeks after germination in split application. |
- Weeding using herbicides. -. Planting drilling seeds directly into the stubble of previous crop. 4. A - Harrow the land to a fine filth; - Harrow during the dry or before the rains; - Make the seed be weed free ensure clean seed bed; - Firm the seed bed using rollers after sowing; - Select a desirable variety of seed for the ecological zone,; - Sow seeds at the onset rains early planting; - Apply phosphatic fertilizers at appropriate rate of 200 300 kgs ha at planting time; - Drill or broadcast the seeds evenly; - Use a recommended seed rate for the variety seed rate of 1.5 2.0 kh ha pure seeds; - Bury seeds at 2 times their diameter; - Control weeds by uprooting apply a suitable herbicide; - Apply nitrogenous fertilizers about 6 weeks after germination in split application. -. Avoid grazing when the pasture is too young. |
- Planting drilling seeds directly into the stubble of previous crop. 4. A - Harrow the land to a fine filth; - Harrow during the dry or before the rains; - Make the seed be weed free ensure clean seed bed; - Firm the seed bed using rollers after sowing; - Select a desirable variety of seed for the ecological zone,; - Sow seeds at the onset rains early planting; - Apply phosphatic fertilizers at appropriate rate of 200 300 kgs ha at planting time; - Drill or broadcast the seeds evenly; - Use a recommended seed rate for the variety seed rate of 1.5 2.0 kh ha pure seeds; - Bury seeds at 2 times their diameter; - Control weeds by uprooting apply a suitable herbicide; - Apply nitrogenous fertilizers about 6 weeks after germination in split application. -. Avoid grazing when the pasture is too young. -. Practice light grazing in the field phase of pasture establishment. |
4. A - Harrow the land to a fine filth; - Harrow during the dry or before the rains; - Make the seed be weed free ensure clean seed bed; - Firm the seed bed using rollers after sowing; - Select a desirable variety of seed for the ecological zone,; - Sow seeds at the onset rains early planting; - Apply phosphatic fertilizers at appropriate rate of 200 300 kgs ha at planting time; - Drill or broadcast the seeds evenly; - Use a recommended seed rate for the variety seed rate of 1.5 2.0 kh ha pure seeds; - Bury seeds at 2 times their diameter; - Control weeds by uprooting apply a suitable herbicide; - Apply nitrogenous fertilizers about 6 weeks after germination in split application. -. Avoid grazing when the pasture is too young. -. Practice light grazing in the field phase of pasture establishment. 10 x 1 10 mk b - Select seeds of the same size, variety, age and free from pests and diseases. |
- Avoid grazing when the pasture is too young. -. Practice light grazing in the field phase of pasture establishment. 10 x 1 10 mk b - Select seeds of the same size, variety, age and free from pests and diseases. -. Plant seeds at the same time. -. Prepare the whole field to required uniform tilth. -. Plant at the right moisture content of the soil irrigation uniformly. -. Treat seeds before planting i.e. break dormancy. -. Plant at the correct depth. 5 x 1 5 mks c - Soil moisture content. -. Type of soil. -. Cost of operation. -. Size of seed type of planting material type of crop. -. Type of machinery available use of tractors. -. Topography gradient of the land liability of soil erosion. -. Skills of the operator. -. Initial conditions of the land the cropping history of the land. |
Four importance of sub soiling as a tertiary operation Brings leached nutrients to the surface Breaks hard pans Promotes aeration of the soil Promotes water infiltration - Ensures better root penetration 7. Four advantages of rolling in seedbed preparation are: Press the seeds against the soil moisture Controls soil erosion Ensure uniform germination Controls removal of small seeds by wind Breaks large soil cods 8.four disadvantages of minimum tillage The less porous surface increased soil erosion especially in heavily sols Difficulty in weed control Speed of planting to reduce due to large amount of residues in the soil and big clods Leads to accumulating of soil borne pests and diseases 9. A - ridging b i Encourage tuber expansion Allow easy harvesting of crop roots ii Rolling Leveling 10. Leads to timely planting Weeds are appropriately controlled especially the perennial such as couch grass Farmers take advantage of availability of labour reducing the cost of labour Control of soil borne pests Gives time for better organic decomposition 11. |
Four advantages of rolling in seedbed preparation are: Press the seeds against the soil moisture Controls soil erosion Ensure uniform germination Controls removal of small seeds by wind Breaks large soil cods 8.four disadvantages of minimum tillage The less porous surface increased soil erosion especially in heavily sols Difficulty in weed control Speed of planting to reduce due to large amount of residues in the soil and big clods Leads to accumulating of soil borne pests and diseases 9. A - ridging b i Encourage tuber expansion Allow easy harvesting of crop roots ii Rolling Leveling 10. Leads to timely planting Weeds are appropriately controlled especially the perennial such as couch grass Farmers take advantage of availability of labour reducing the cost of labour Control of soil borne pests Gives time for better organic decomposition 11. -. By repeated cultivation at the same depth; - Cultivating the soil when wet using heavy machinery; 12. |
A - ridging b i Encourage tuber expansion Allow easy harvesting of crop roots ii Rolling Leveling 10. Leads to timely planting Weeds are appropriately controlled especially the perennial such as couch grass Farmers take advantage of availability of labour reducing the cost of labour Control of soil borne pests Gives time for better organic decomposition 11. -. By repeated cultivation at the same depth; - Cultivating the soil when wet using heavy machinery; 12. -. Type and size of planting material; - Topography slope f land; - Soil moisture content; - Initial condition of land amount of vegetation on the land; -Capital available - Type of implement used; 13.It is the least number of cultivation operations either during preparation of the seed bed or during the management of the crops. 14. |
- By repeated cultivation at the same depth; - Cultivating the soil when wet using heavy machinery; 12. -. Type and size of planting material; - Topography slope f land; - Soil moisture content; - Initial condition of land amount of vegetation on the land; -Capital available - Type of implement used; 13.It is the least number of cultivation operations either during preparation of the seed bed or during the management of the crops. 14. Market demand Type of crop to be planted Moisture condition of the soil and rainfall pattern Prevalence of pests and diseases Prevalence of weeds 15. |
- Type and size of planting material; - Topography slope f land; - Soil moisture content; - Initial condition of land amount of vegetation on the land; -Capital available - Type of implement used; 13.It is the least number of cultivation operations either during preparation of the seed bed or during the management of the crops. 14. Market demand Type of crop to be planted Moisture condition of the soil and rainfall pattern Prevalence of pests and diseases Prevalence of weeds 15. Two factors that determine the number of cultivation on a field before it is ready for planting purpose of crop moisture content concentration of desired chemical weather market demand 16.- Enables crop to benefit maximumly from available moisture -Crops make use of nitrogen flush available at that time -Crops fetch high market prices -Crops escape from pests and diseases -There is high vigour in crops that resist diseases -Ensures timely harvesting 17. |
14. Market demand Type of crop to be planted Moisture condition of the soil and rainfall pattern Prevalence of pests and diseases Prevalence of weeds 15. Two factors that determine the number of cultivation on a field before it is ready for planting purpose of crop moisture content concentration of desired chemical weather market demand 16.- Enables crop to benefit maximumly from available moisture -Crops make use of nitrogen flush available at that time -Crops fetch high market prices -Crops escape from pests and diseases -There is high vigour in crops that resist diseases -Ensures timely harvesting 17. -. Type of crop to be planted -Implements available -Type of soil -Climatic conditions WATER SUPPLY, IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE 1. State two reasons for treating water for us on the farm Remove chemical impurities Remove foreign material Remove disease earning organisms Remove bad smell taste 2. |
Two factors that determine the number of cultivation on a field before it is ready for planting purpose of crop moisture content concentration of desired chemical weather market demand 16.- Enables crop to benefit maximumly from available moisture -Crops make use of nitrogen flush available at that time -Crops fetch high market prices -Crops escape from pests and diseases -There is high vigour in crops that resist diseases -Ensures timely harvesting 17. -. Type of crop to be planted -Implements available -Type of soil -Climatic conditions WATER SUPPLY, IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE 1. State two reasons for treating water for us on the farm Remove chemical impurities Remove foreign material Remove disease earning organisms Remove bad smell taste 2. State three reasons for draining swampy land before growing crops Increase soil volume Improve aeration Increases activities of micro organisms Control erosion Reduce toxic substance in soil 3 . |
- type of crop to be planted -Implements available -Type of soil -Climatic conditions WATER SUPPLY, IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE 1. State two reasons for treating water for us on the farm Remove chemical impurities Remove foreign material Remove disease earning organisms Remove bad smell taste 2. State three reasons for draining swampy land before growing crops Increase soil volume Improve aeration Increases activities of micro organisms Control erosion Reduce toxic substance in soil 3 . A Sprinkle irrigation b four advantages of the above irrigation system Little water required Done on nay topography Control weeds between rows Water under low pressure Prevent fungal diseases c three factors that determine the type of irrigation on the farm Where tree crops are planted Little water supply Enough capital for the method is available Slope land3x 1 mks d two disadvantages o f the above system of irrigation Difficult to carry field mechanization Require a lot of capital Require clean water Regular repair of broken pipes and blocked pipes Applicable where tree plants are grown 4.a Artificial application of water to the soil surface for purpose of supplying enough moisture for plants growth mark whole b Surface, overhead, subsurface, drip trickle 5.a four use of water on the farm Irrigation Domestic use Diluting chemicals Construction work Watering livestock and washing buildings Processing farm produce 1 2x4 2mks b four methods of harvesting water on the farm 2mks roof cantonment weirs rock cantonment dams ponds c the stages involved in water treatment process filtration of water intake softening coagulation and sedimentation filtration in tanks chlorination storage 1 2x6 3mks 6.four uses of water in the farm. |
State two reasons for treating water for us on the farm Remove chemical impurities Remove foreign material Remove disease earning organisms Remove bad smell taste 2. State three reasons for draining swampy land before growing crops Increase soil volume Improve aeration Increases activities of micro organisms Control erosion Reduce toxic substance in soil 3 . A Sprinkle irrigation b four advantages of the above irrigation system Little water required Done on nay topography Control weeds between rows Water under low pressure Prevent fungal diseases c three factors that determine the type of irrigation on the farm Where tree crops are planted Little water supply Enough capital for the method is available Slope land3x 1 mks d two disadvantages o f the above system of irrigation Difficult to carry field mechanization Require a lot of capital Require clean water Regular repair of broken pipes and blocked pipes Applicable where tree plants are grown 4.a Artificial application of water to the soil surface for purpose of supplying enough moisture for plants growth mark whole b Surface, overhead, subsurface, drip trickle 5.a four use of water on the farm Irrigation Domestic use Diluting chemicals Construction work Watering livestock and washing buildings Processing farm produce 1 2x4 2mks b four methods of harvesting water on the farm 2mks roof cantonment weirs rock cantonment dams ponds c the stages involved in water treatment process filtration of water intake softening coagulation and sedimentation filtration in tanks chlorination storage 1 2x6 3mks 6.four uses of water in the farm. -. For diluting chemicals used to control pests. |
State three reasons for draining swampy land before growing crops Increase soil volume Improve aeration Increases activities of micro organisms Control erosion Reduce toxic substance in soil 3 . A Sprinkle irrigation b four advantages of the above irrigation system Little water required Done on nay topography Control weeds between rows Water under low pressure Prevent fungal diseases c three factors that determine the type of irrigation on the farm Where tree crops are planted Little water supply Enough capital for the method is available Slope land3x 1 mks d two disadvantages o f the above system of irrigation Difficult to carry field mechanization Require a lot of capital Require clean water Regular repair of broken pipes and blocked pipes Applicable where tree plants are grown 4.a Artificial application of water to the soil surface for purpose of supplying enough moisture for plants growth mark whole b Surface, overhead, subsurface, drip trickle 5.a four use of water on the farm Irrigation Domestic use Diluting chemicals Construction work Watering livestock and washing buildings Processing farm produce 1 2x4 2mks b four methods of harvesting water on the farm 2mks roof cantonment weirs rock cantonment dams ponds c the stages involved in water treatment process filtration of water intake softening coagulation and sedimentation filtration in tanks chlorination storage 1 2x6 3mks 6.four uses of water in the farm. -. For diluting chemicals used to control pests. -. For watering livestock. |
A Sprinkle irrigation b four advantages of the above irrigation system Little water required Done on nay topography Control weeds between rows Water under low pressure Prevent fungal diseases c three factors that determine the type of irrigation on the farm Where tree crops are planted Little water supply Enough capital for the method is available Slope land3x 1 mks d two disadvantages o f the above system of irrigation Difficult to carry field mechanization Require a lot of capital Require clean water Regular repair of broken pipes and blocked pipes Applicable where tree plants are grown 4.a Artificial application of water to the soil surface for purpose of supplying enough moisture for plants growth mark whole b Surface, overhead, subsurface, drip trickle 5.a four use of water on the farm Irrigation Domestic use Diluting chemicals Construction work Watering livestock and washing buildings Processing farm produce 1 2x4 2mks b four methods of harvesting water on the farm 2mks roof cantonment weirs rock cantonment dams ponds c the stages involved in water treatment process filtration of water intake softening coagulation and sedimentation filtration in tanks chlorination storage 1 2x6 3mks 6.four uses of water in the farm. -. For diluting chemicals used to control pests. -. For watering livestock. -. For watering plants e.g. irrigation. |
- For diluting chemicals used to control pests. -. For watering livestock. -. For watering plants e.g. irrigation. -. For washing utensils, calf pen bully sheds. -. For domestic use e.g. drinking, cooking. -. For rearing fish. -. For recreation - Processing of farm produce. -. In construction of buildings. 7.two types of irrigation used in Kenya. -. Overhead sprinkler. -. Surface Flood furrow basin. -. Drip trickle. 8. Four disadvantages cambered beds High cost of maintenance Provides breeding ground for vectors of malaria Prevents proper mechanization of the farm - Labour intensive c Stage I: Filtration of water intake. -. Water from source river is made to pass through a series of sieves. -. Large particles of impurities are trapped by the sieves. -. Water then enters into the large pipe to be directed to the mixing chamber. Stage II:Softening of the water. |
- Large particles of impurities are trapped by the sieves. -. Water then enters into the large pipe to be directed to the mixing chamber. Stage II:Softening of the water. Water circulates in the mixing chamber and doses of soda ash to soften the water. Stage III:Coagulation and sedimentation Water is passed through coagulation tank where fresh air enters to remove bad smell chloride of lime used. Water stays for 36 hours thus solid particles settle and bilharzias causing organisms killed. Alum added to coagulated solid particles which settle at the bottom. Stage IV:Filtration Water is passed through filtration tank with layers of sand and gravel to filter it. Water leaving the filtration tank is clean. Stage V:Chlorination Water is passed through chlorination tank where chlorine is added. Micro-organisms in the water are killed by chlorine. Stage VI:Storage - The treated water is stored in large overhead tanks before distribution and use. |
Stage V:Chlorination Water is passed through chlorination tank where chlorine is added. Micro-organisms in the water are killed by chlorine. Stage VI:Storage - The treated water is stored in large overhead tanks before distribution and use. 9. -. Improves soil aeration Raises soil temperature Increases activities of micro- organisms Increases soil volume - Prevent accumulation of poisonous substances in the soil 10.- Semi-rotary Hydram Piston reciprocating Centrifugal Rotary 11. Four examples of working capital in maize production are; Seeds fertilizer Herbicides Pesticides Fuel fragticides Casual labour 4x 2mks 12. Four types of water pumps which can be used in the farm Centrifugal rotadynathic pumps Piston reciprocating pump Semi-Rotan pump Hydram pump 13. Four methods of drainage Open ditches Under ground drain pipes French drains Cambered beds Pumping Planting of trees planting of trees such as Eucalyptus 14. |
Four examples of working capital in maize production are; Seeds fertilizer Herbicides Pesticides Fuel fragticides Casual labour 4x 2mks 12. Four types of water pumps which can be used in the farm Centrifugal rotadynathic pumps Piston reciprocating pump Semi-Rotan pump Hydram pump 13. Four methods of drainage Open ditches Under ground drain pipes French drains Cambered beds Pumping Planting of trees planting of trees such as Eucalyptus 14. A dam is a barrier constructed a cross a river or a dry valley to hold water and raise its level to form a reservoir or lake A weir is a barrier constructed across a river to raise the level of water and still allow water to flow over it 15.- Giving subsidies by reducing the cost of production inputs Fixes prices of the related products 16. |
Four types of water pumps which can be used in the farm Centrifugal rotadynathic pumps Piston reciprocating pump Semi-Rotan pump Hydram pump 13. Four methods of drainage Open ditches Under ground drain pipes French drains Cambered beds Pumping Planting of trees planting of trees such as Eucalyptus 14. A dam is a barrier constructed a cross a river or a dry valley to hold water and raise its level to form a reservoir or lake A weir is a barrier constructed across a river to raise the level of water and still allow water to flow over it 15.- Giving subsidies by reducing the cost of production inputs Fixes prices of the related products 16. Piping is the conveyance of water through pipes from one place to the other while pumping is the lifting of water from one point to another by use of mechanical force; 17. |
Four methods of drainage Open ditches Under ground drain pipes French drains Cambered beds Pumping Planting of trees planting of trees such as Eucalyptus 14. A dam is a barrier constructed a cross a river or a dry valley to hold water and raise its level to form a reservoir or lake A weir is a barrier constructed across a river to raise the level of water and still allow water to flow over it 15.- Giving subsidies by reducing the cost of production inputs Fixes prices of the related products 16. Piping is the conveyance of water through pipes from one place to the other while pumping is the lifting of water from one point to another by use of mechanical force; 17. To facilitate the action of soil living organisms To check or reduce leaching To moderate or increase soil temperature To reduce accumulation of dissolved soil salts To reduce erosion rate of top soil To improve soil structure To increase effectiveness of phosphorous fertilizer and conserve soil nitrogen As a way of reclaiming areas such as coastal plains and the river belts which may have high water tables In rice fields, water should be controlled by draining the water for a different crop cycle. |
A dam is a barrier constructed a cross a river or a dry valley to hold water and raise its level to form a reservoir or lake A weir is a barrier constructed across a river to raise the level of water and still allow water to flow over it 15.- Giving subsidies by reducing the cost of production inputs Fixes prices of the related products 16. Piping is the conveyance of water through pipes from one place to the other while pumping is the lifting of water from one point to another by use of mechanical force; 17. To facilitate the action of soil living organisms To check or reduce leaching To moderate or increase soil temperature To reduce accumulation of dissolved soil salts To reduce erosion rate of top soil To improve soil structure To increase effectiveness of phosphorous fertilizer and conserve soil nitrogen As a way of reclaiming areas such as coastal plains and the river belts which may have high water tables In rice fields, water should be controlled by draining the water for a different crop cycle. 18. |
Piping is the conveyance of water through pipes from one place to the other while pumping is the lifting of water from one point to another by use of mechanical force; 17. To facilitate the action of soil living organisms To check or reduce leaching To moderate or increase soil temperature To reduce accumulation of dissolved soil salts To reduce erosion rate of top soil To improve soil structure To increase effectiveness of phosphorous fertilizer and conserve soil nitrogen As a way of reclaiming areas such as coastal plains and the river belts which may have high water tables In rice fields, water should be controlled by draining the water for a different crop cycle. 18. Allowing livestock to graze near water sources often results in organic waste products being washed into the water ways. |
To facilitate the action of soil living organisms To check or reduce leaching To moderate or increase soil temperature To reduce accumulation of dissolved soil salts To reduce erosion rate of top soil To improve soil structure To increase effectiveness of phosphorous fertilizer and conserve soil nitrogen As a way of reclaiming areas such as coastal plains and the river belts which may have high water tables In rice fields, water should be controlled by draining the water for a different crop cycle. 18. Allowing livestock to graze near water sources often results in organic waste products being washed into the water ways. Fertilizer application Pesticides Over grazing Irrigation Over cultivation Use of farm machinery 19.a i A Drop trickle irrigation ii B Sprinkler overhead irrigation b Two advantages of method A over method BConserves water Does not damage flowers, leaves Does not cause splash splatter irrigation Does not encourage spread of fungal diseases from crop to crop Does not encourage the growth of weeds all over the field Agro- chemical can be dissolved in the water and directly applied to the crop c i Cotton wool ii Rough sand 21. |
18. Allowing livestock to graze near water sources often results in organic waste products being washed into the water ways. Fertilizer application Pesticides Over grazing Irrigation Over cultivation Use of farm machinery 19.a i A Drop trickle irrigation ii B Sprinkler overhead irrigation b Two advantages of method A over method BConserves water Does not damage flowers, leaves Does not cause splash splatter irrigation Does not encourage spread of fungal diseases from crop to crop Does not encourage the growth of weeds all over the field Agro- chemical can be dissolved in the water and directly applied to the crop c i Cotton wool ii Rough sand 21. Four reasons for practicing irrigation Increase crop production by applying adequate moisture To reclaim dry areas To meet moisture requirement of crops To produce and benefit from off season crops Growing of paddy vice 23. |
Allowing livestock to graze near water sources often results in organic waste products being washed into the water ways. Fertilizer application Pesticides Over grazing Irrigation Over cultivation Use of farm machinery 19.a i A Drop trickle irrigation ii B Sprinkler overhead irrigation b Two advantages of method A over method BConserves water Does not damage flowers, leaves Does not cause splash splatter irrigation Does not encourage spread of fungal diseases from crop to crop Does not encourage the growth of weeds all over the field Agro- chemical can be dissolved in the water and directly applied to the crop c i Cotton wool ii Rough sand 21. Four reasons for practicing irrigation Increase crop production by applying adequate moisture To reclaim dry areas To meet moisture requirement of crops To produce and benefit from off season crops Growing of paddy vice 23. -. To prevent rotting -For processing - For long storage - Prevent pest and disease attack 24. |
Fertilizer application Pesticides Over grazing Irrigation Over cultivation Use of farm machinery 19.a i A Drop trickle irrigation ii B Sprinkler overhead irrigation b Two advantages of method A over method BConserves water Does not damage flowers, leaves Does not cause splash splatter irrigation Does not encourage spread of fungal diseases from crop to crop Does not encourage the growth of weeds all over the field Agro- chemical can be dissolved in the water and directly applied to the crop c i Cotton wool ii Rough sand 21. Four reasons for practicing irrigation Increase crop production by applying adequate moisture To reclaim dry areas To meet moisture requirement of crops To produce and benefit from off season crops Growing of paddy vice 23. -. To prevent rotting -For processing - For long storage - Prevent pest and disease attack 24. A Kill germs b For sedimentation 21. S- French drainageT- Vambedred pedsM soil- stones SOIL FERTILITY 1 ORGANIC MANURE 1. |
Four reasons for practicing irrigation Increase crop production by applying adequate moisture To reclaim dry areas To meet moisture requirement of crops To produce and benefit from off season crops Growing of paddy vice 23. -. To prevent rotting -For processing - For long storage - Prevent pest and disease attack 24. A Kill germs b For sedimentation 21. S- French drainageT- Vambedred pedsM soil- stones SOIL FERTILITY 1 ORGANIC MANURE 1. Two roles of humus in the soil that are beneficial to crops Provide nutrients Increase water holding capacity Increase soil temperature Neutral soil PH 2. Four characteristic of fertile soil 2mks Well drained Correct PH Good water holding capacity Adequate plant nutrients Free from pest and diseases Correct soil nutrients 3. |
A Kill germs b For sedimentation 21. S- French drainageT- Vambedred pedsM soil- stones SOIL FERTILITY 1 ORGANIC MANURE 1. Two roles of humus in the soil that are beneficial to crops Provide nutrients Increase water holding capacity Increase soil temperature Neutral soil PH 2. Four characteristic of fertile soil 2mks Well drained Correct PH Good water holding capacity Adequate plant nutrients Free from pest and diseases Correct soil nutrients 3. A Q-stick Function-checking temperature and other conditions within the heap b i Top soil-introduces organisms to effect composition ii Wood ash-increases the level of phosphorus and potassium iii Rotten manure-provides food for micro-organism 4. The illustration below shows a heap system of making compost manure. Study it and answer the questions that follow. |
Two roles of humus in the soil that are beneficial to crops Provide nutrients Increase water holding capacity Increase soil temperature Neutral soil PH 2. Four characteristic of fertile soil 2mks Well drained Correct PH Good water holding capacity Adequate plant nutrients Free from pest and diseases Correct soil nutrients 3. A Q-stick Function-checking temperature and other conditions within the heap b i Top soil-introduces organisms to effect composition ii Wood ash-increases the level of phosphorus and potassium iii Rotten manure-provides food for micro-organism 4. The illustration below shows a heap system of making compost manure. Study it and answer the questions that follow. A use of arrows indicate how the decomposing material should be transferred from one heap to another till the manure is applied in the field. B - 3 - 6 wks c one reason for turning the material in the heap regularly. |
A Q-stick Function-checking temperature and other conditions within the heap b i Top soil-introduces organisms to effect composition ii Wood ash-increases the level of phosphorus and potassium iii Rotten manure-provides food for micro-organism 4. The illustration below shows a heap system of making compost manure. Study it and answer the questions that follow. A use of arrows indicate how the decomposing material should be transferred from one heap to another till the manure is applied in the field. B - 3 - 6 wks c one reason for turning the material in the heap regularly. -. Proper decomposition. -. Facilitate air circulation. -. Microbial activities. D two reasons why it is necessary to sprinkle water on the heap. -. To regulate the internal temperatures in the heap. -. Create moist environment for microbial activity. 5. |
- To regulate the internal temperatures in the heap. -. Create moist environment for microbial activity. 5. Four indicators of well-decomposed manure Absence of bad odour and instead the smell of forest soil Light weight Brown colour Moist but not wet - Original nature of material not noticeable x 4pts 2mks 6. A Two factors that should be considered when siting a compost manure heap are: Accessibility Drainage Direction of prevailing wind Size of the farm proximity b Five advantages of rotation grazing are: 5mks Livestock with maximum use of pastures Reduces build up of parasites and diseases Animal waste evenly distributed Pasture area given time to regenerate Excess pasture conserved Possible to apply fertilizer in the parts of the pasture which are not in use 5x1 5mks 7. It is movement of dissolved nutrients front p soil to lower horizons of soil becoming Unravel able to crops 8. |
Four indicators of well-decomposed manure Absence of bad odour and instead the smell of forest soil Light weight Brown colour Moist but not wet - Original nature of material not noticeable x 4pts 2mks 6. A Two factors that should be considered when siting a compost manure heap are: Accessibility Drainage Direction of prevailing wind Size of the farm proximity b Five advantages of rotation grazing are: 5mks Livestock with maximum use of pastures Reduces build up of parasites and diseases Animal waste evenly distributed Pasture area given time to regenerate Excess pasture conserved Possible to apply fertilizer in the parts of the pasture which are not in use 5x1 5mks 7. It is movement of dissolved nutrients front p soil to lower horizons of soil becoming Unravel able to crops 8. Improves soil structure Adds nutrientsIncreases cation exchange capacity Increases microbial activity in the soil Improves water holding capacity reduces leaching Buffers soil PH Moderates soil temperature 9. |
A Two factors that should be considered when siting a compost manure heap are: Accessibility Drainage Direction of prevailing wind Size of the farm proximity b Five advantages of rotation grazing are: 5mks Livestock with maximum use of pastures Reduces build up of parasites and diseases Animal waste evenly distributed Pasture area given time to regenerate Excess pasture conserved Possible to apply fertilizer in the parts of the pasture which are not in use 5x1 5mks 7. It is movement of dissolved nutrients front p soil to lower horizons of soil becoming Unravel able to crops 8. Improves soil structure Adds nutrientsIncreases cation exchange capacity Increases microbial activity in the soil Improves water holding capacity reduces leaching Buffers soil PH Moderates soil temperature 9. A i Preparation of farm yard manure: Collect animal waste refuse dung and urine; Collect animal bedding litter and other rotten plant residues; Store collected materials under roof shed to prevent leaching and oxidization of nutrients; Turnover the materials regularly; Sprinkle water if dry; leave the material to rote completely before use; 6x1 6mks ii Preparation of Hay Cut the grass legume in the field when 50 of it is starting to flower; The cut forage is spread in the field for four continuous days sunny days The cut forage is turned daily for even for four uniform drying; Gather the dried material in a central spot; Bale the material; Properly store the baled hay 6x1 6mks b Factors to consider in timely planting of annual crops Escape from serious weed competition; Utilization of early rainfall; Exploitation of Nitrogen flush in the soil that has accumulated during dry season; Escape from serious pest disease attack e.g. stalk borer in maize; Fetch high market prices when harvested early; Reduce competition for labour during labour peak period; For harvesting season to coincide with dry period to reduce losses e.g. cotton Early planting means early farming calendar for the farmer to enable him her to finish up other farm activities; 8x1 8mks 10.i A ration containing 18 protein is to be made from maize and sunflower cake. |
It is movement of dissolved nutrients front p soil to lower horizons of soil becoming Unravel able to crops 8. Improves soil structure Adds nutrientsIncreases cation exchange capacity Increases microbial activity in the soil Improves water holding capacity reduces leaching Buffers soil PH Moderates soil temperature 9. A i Preparation of farm yard manure: Collect animal waste refuse dung and urine; Collect animal bedding litter and other rotten plant residues; Store collected materials under roof shed to prevent leaching and oxidization of nutrients; Turnover the materials regularly; Sprinkle water if dry; leave the material to rote completely before use; 6x1 6mks ii Preparation of Hay Cut the grass legume in the field when 50 of it is starting to flower; The cut forage is spread in the field for four continuous days sunny days The cut forage is turned daily for even for four uniform drying; Gather the dried material in a central spot; Bale the material; Properly store the baled hay 6x1 6mks b Factors to consider in timely planting of annual crops Escape from serious weed competition; Utilization of early rainfall; Exploitation of Nitrogen flush in the soil that has accumulated during dry season; Escape from serious pest disease attack e.g. stalk borer in maize; Fetch high market prices when harvested early; Reduce competition for labour during labour peak period; For harvesting season to coincide with dry period to reduce losses e.g. cotton Early planting means early farming calendar for the farmer to enable him her to finish up other farm activities; 8x1 8mks 10.i A ration containing 18 protein is to be made from maize and sunflower cake. Given that maize contains 7 protein, and sunflower seed cake 34 protein. Use Pearson square methods to calculate the value of feedstuffs to be used to prepare 100kgs of the feed 3mks ii two other methods that can be used to formulate feed ration 2mks Linear programming Trial and error Graphical method. |
Improves soil structure Adds nutrientsIncreases cation exchange capacity Increases microbial activity in the soil Improves water holding capacity reduces leaching Buffers soil PH Moderates soil temperature 9. A i Preparation of farm yard manure: Collect animal waste refuse dung and urine; Collect animal bedding litter and other rotten plant residues; Store collected materials under roof shed to prevent leaching and oxidization of nutrients; Turnover the materials regularly; Sprinkle water if dry; leave the material to rote completely before use; 6x1 6mks ii Preparation of Hay Cut the grass legume in the field when 50 of it is starting to flower; The cut forage is spread in the field for four continuous days sunny days The cut forage is turned daily for even for four uniform drying; Gather the dried material in a central spot; Bale the material; Properly store the baled hay 6x1 6mks b Factors to consider in timely planting of annual crops Escape from serious weed competition; Utilization of early rainfall; Exploitation of Nitrogen flush in the soil that has accumulated during dry season; Escape from serious pest disease attack e.g. stalk borer in maize; Fetch high market prices when harvested early; Reduce competition for labour during labour peak period; For harvesting season to coincide with dry period to reduce losses e.g. cotton Early planting means early farming calendar for the farmer to enable him her to finish up other farm activities; 8x1 8mks 10.i A ration containing 18 protein is to be made from maize and sunflower cake. Given that maize contains 7 protein, and sunflower seed cake 34 protein. Use Pearson square methods to calculate the value of feedstuffs to be used to prepare 100kgs of the feed 3mks ii two other methods that can be used to formulate feed ration 2mks Linear programming Trial and error Graphical method. AGRICULTURE ECONOMICS BASIC CONCEPTS AND FARM RECORDS 1. |
A i Preparation of farm yard manure: Collect animal waste refuse dung and urine; Collect animal bedding litter and other rotten plant residues; Store collected materials under roof shed to prevent leaching and oxidization of nutrients; Turnover the materials regularly; Sprinkle water if dry; leave the material to rote completely before use; 6x1 6mks ii Preparation of Hay Cut the grass legume in the field when 50 of it is starting to flower; The cut forage is spread in the field for four continuous days sunny days The cut forage is turned daily for even for four uniform drying; Gather the dried material in a central spot; Bale the material; Properly store the baled hay 6x1 6mks b Factors to consider in timely planting of annual crops Escape from serious weed competition; Utilization of early rainfall; Exploitation of Nitrogen flush in the soil that has accumulated during dry season; Escape from serious pest disease attack e.g. stalk borer in maize; Fetch high market prices when harvested early; Reduce competition for labour during labour peak period; For harvesting season to coincide with dry period to reduce losses e.g. cotton Early planting means early farming calendar for the farmer to enable him her to finish up other farm activities; 8x1 8mks 10.i A ration containing 18 protein is to be made from maize and sunflower cake. Given that maize contains 7 protein, and sunflower seed cake 34 protein. Use Pearson square methods to calculate the value of feedstuffs to be used to prepare 100kgs of the feed 3mks ii two other methods that can be used to formulate feed ration 2mks Linear programming Trial and error Graphical method. AGRICULTURE ECONOMICS BASIC CONCEPTS AND FARM RECORDS 1. A - Help to determine the value of the farm determine assets and liabilities. |
Given that maize contains 7 protein, and sunflower seed cake 34 protein. Use Pearson square methods to calculate the value of feedstuffs to be used to prepare 100kgs of the feed 3mks ii two other methods that can be used to formulate feed ration 2mks Linear programming Trial and error Graphical method. AGRICULTURE ECONOMICS BASIC CONCEPTS AND FARM RECORDS 1. A - Help to determine the value of the farm determine assets and liabilities. -. Provide history of the farm. -. Assist in planning and budgeting in various fields. -. Helps to detect losses or theft in the farm. -. Assists when sharing losses or profits dividends for communal owned farms partnership. -. Help to settle disputes in the farm among heirs. -. Help to support insurance claim e.g. against fire and theft. -. Provide labour information like terminal benefits, NSSF due, Sacco dues for all employees. |
- Help to settle disputes in the farm among heirs. -. Help to support insurance claim e.g. against fire and theft. -. Provide labour information like terminal benefits, NSSF due, Sacco dues for all employees. -. Help to compare the performance of different enterprises within a farm or other farms. -. Help in the assessment of income tax to avoid over or under taxation. -. Records, helps to show whether the farm business is making profit or losses. This information helps in obtaining credit. 10 x 1 10 mks 2. |
- Help to compare the performance of different enterprises within a farm or other farms. -. Help in the assessment of income tax to avoid over or under taxation. -. Records, helps to show whether the farm business is making profit or losses. This information helps in obtaining credit. 10 x 1 10 mks 2. A Health record b Next date of treatment vaccination - Occurrence of the disease - Response to treatment x 2 1mk c - Select and cull animals on health ground Know the course of action to be taken in the event of a disease and maintenance of good health Know the prevalent disease - Calculate cost of treatment 3 Four uses of farm records are; Used to compare the performance of different enterprise Shows history of the farm Help in planning and budgeting of farm operations Assessment of income tax Calculation of profits and losses Securing loans Settling disputes where no will is left 4. |
- Help in the assessment of income tax to avoid over or under taxation. -. Records, helps to show whether the farm business is making profit or losses. This information helps in obtaining credit. 10 x 1 10 mks 2. A Health record b Next date of treatment vaccination - Occurrence of the disease - Response to treatment x 2 1mk c - Select and cull animals on health ground Know the course of action to be taken in the event of a disease and maintenance of good health Know the prevalent disease - Calculate cost of treatment 3 Four uses of farm records are; Used to compare the performance of different enterprise Shows history of the farm Help in planning and budgeting of farm operations Assessment of income tax Calculation of profits and losses Securing loans Settling disputes where no will is left 4. Four uses of farm records Help compare performance of different enterprises within the farm and other farms Shows the history of the farm Guide a farmer in planning and budgeting of farm operations Helps to detect losses or theft on the farm Helps to avoid over taxation or under taxation Helps to determine the value of the farm in terms of assets and liabilities Helps in sharing of profits and losses in partnership Helps in setting disputes among heirs in absents of a will Shows whether the farm business is making profit or losses Helps in supporting insurance claims of farm assets Provide labour information 5. |
- Records, helps to show whether the farm business is making profit or losses. This information helps in obtaining credit. 10 x 1 10 mks 2. A Health record b Next date of treatment vaccination - Occurrence of the disease - Response to treatment x 2 1mk c - Select and cull animals on health ground Know the course of action to be taken in the event of a disease and maintenance of good health Know the prevalent disease - Calculate cost of treatment 3 Four uses of farm records are; Used to compare the performance of different enterprise Shows history of the farm Help in planning and budgeting of farm operations Assessment of income tax Calculation of profits and losses Securing loans Settling disputes where no will is left 4. Four uses of farm records Help compare performance of different enterprises within the farm and other farms Shows the history of the farm Guide a farmer in planning and budgeting of farm operations Helps to detect losses or theft on the farm Helps to avoid over taxation or under taxation Helps to determine the value of the farm in terms of assets and liabilities Helps in sharing of profits and losses in partnership Helps in setting disputes among heirs in absents of a will Shows whether the farm business is making profit or losses Helps in supporting insurance claims of farm assets Provide labour information 5. Understanding the technical language used in agriculture Application of the right amounts of inputs Correct appropriate measurements in farming Uses of appropriate technology 6. |
A Health record b Next date of treatment vaccination - Occurrence of the disease - Response to treatment x 2 1mk c - Select and cull animals on health ground Know the course of action to be taken in the event of a disease and maintenance of good health Know the prevalent disease - Calculate cost of treatment 3 Four uses of farm records are; Used to compare the performance of different enterprise Shows history of the farm Help in planning and budgeting of farm operations Assessment of income tax Calculation of profits and losses Securing loans Settling disputes where no will is left 4. Four uses of farm records Help compare performance of different enterprises within the farm and other farms Shows the history of the farm Guide a farmer in planning and budgeting of farm operations Helps to detect losses or theft on the farm Helps to avoid over taxation or under taxation Helps to determine the value of the farm in terms of assets and liabilities Helps in sharing of profits and losses in partnership Helps in setting disputes among heirs in absents of a will Shows whether the farm business is making profit or losses Helps in supporting insurance claims of farm assets Provide labour information 5. Understanding the technical language used in agriculture Application of the right amounts of inputs Correct appropriate measurements in farming Uses of appropriate technology 6. A Milk production record 1x1 1mk b Determine prevalent diseases; - Establish treatment of diseases; - Establish disease control method; - Determine cost of medication health care; - Determine the health status of different animals; 4x1 4mks c Price trends market situation - Production techniques - Labour trends - Breeds of dairy cattle - Production constraints risks and certainties 7. |
Four uses of farm records Help compare performance of different enterprises within the farm and other farms Shows the history of the farm Guide a farmer in planning and budgeting of farm operations Helps to detect losses or theft on the farm Helps to avoid over taxation or under taxation Helps to determine the value of the farm in terms of assets and liabilities Helps in sharing of profits and losses in partnership Helps in setting disputes among heirs in absents of a will Shows whether the farm business is making profit or losses Helps in supporting insurance claims of farm assets Provide labour information 5. Understanding the technical language used in agriculture Application of the right amounts of inputs Correct appropriate measurements in farming Uses of appropriate technology 6. A Milk production record 1x1 1mk b Determine prevalent diseases; - Establish treatment of diseases; - Establish disease control method; - Determine cost of medication health care; - Determine the health status of different animals; 4x1 4mks c Price trends market situation - Production techniques - Labour trends - Breeds of dairy cattle - Production constraints risks and certainties 7. Field Area of the land Season Crop planted Crop variety Land preparation date Type of fertilizer at planting Type of fertilizer at top dressing Seed rate used Type of weed and date of weed control Type of pest and date of pest control Date of harvesting Remarks Any 4 8. |
Understanding the technical language used in agriculture Application of the right amounts of inputs Correct appropriate measurements in farming Uses of appropriate technology 6. A Milk production record 1x1 1mk b Determine prevalent diseases; - Establish treatment of diseases; - Establish disease control method; - Determine cost of medication health care; - Determine the health status of different animals; 4x1 4mks c Price trends market situation - Production techniques - Labour trends - Breeds of dairy cattle - Production constraints risks and certainties 7. Field Area of the land Season Crop planted Crop variety Land preparation date Type of fertilizer at planting Type of fertilizer at top dressing Seed rate used Type of weed and date of weed control Type of pest and date of pest control Date of harvesting Remarks Any 4 8. List two events occur during induction stroke in a four stroke engine. 1mk Piston moves down from TDC Exhaust valve is closed Inlet valve is open Air fuel mixture get into combustion chamber Piston reaches BDC. 4x 2mks 9. |
A Milk production record 1x1 1mk b Determine prevalent diseases; - Establish treatment of diseases; - Establish disease control method; - Determine cost of medication health care; - Determine the health status of different animals; 4x1 4mks c Price trends market situation - Production techniques - Labour trends - Breeds of dairy cattle - Production constraints risks and certainties 7. Field Area of the land Season Crop planted Crop variety Land preparation date Type of fertilizer at planting Type of fertilizer at top dressing Seed rate used Type of weed and date of weed control Type of pest and date of pest control Date of harvesting Remarks Any 4 8.List two events occur during induction stroke in a four stroke engine. 1mk Piston moves down from TDC Exhaust valve is closed Inlet valve is open Air fuel mixture get into combustion chamber Piston reaches BDC. 4x 2mks 9. Where the resources are free - where there is no alternative - where the alternatives are very many. |
FORM ONE TOPICS. 1.a . What is Agriculture? The art and Science of crop and livestock production. B . State the roles played by agriculture in national development Food supply Source of raw materials for industries Employment opportunities Foreign exchange earnings Source of capital for development Market for industrial goods. C . State the forms of employment in Agriculture i.Primary employment - Working on farms ii. Secondary employment - In agriculture based industries iii. Tertiary employment In distribution of farm produce. D . I Briefly outline the problems that have hindered agricultural development in Kenya. |
B . State the roles played by agriculture in national development Food supply Source of raw materials for industries Employment opportunities Foreign exchange earnings Source of capital for development Market for industrial goods. C . State the forms of employment in Agriculture i.Primary employment - Working on farms ii. Secondary employment - In agriculture based industries iii. Tertiary employment In distribution of farm produce. D . I Briefly outline the problems that have hindered agricultural development in Kenya. Lack of capital for investment Pests and diseases of crops and livestock Unpredictable climatic conditions Fluctuation of market prices Inadequate or poor storage structure leading to heavy lose Inadequate technical know-how Population pressure hence over-use of land Poor communication Perishability Bulky commodity prices ii Suggest ways in which these problems can be alleviated Proper food preservation Improved communication network Industries located near bulky products Extension services advice Provide good seeds Credit facilities Pest and disease control Irrigation Proper storage facilities Government price control. |
C . State the forms of employment in Agriculture i.Primary employment - Working on farms ii. Secondary employment - In agriculture based industries iii. Tertiary employment In distribution of farm produce. D . I Briefly outline the problems that have hindered agricultural development in Kenya. Lack of capital for investment Pests and diseases of crops and livestock Unpredictable climatic conditions Fluctuation of market prices Inadequate or poor storage structure leading to heavy lose Inadequate technical know-how Population pressure hence over-use of land Poor communication Perishability Bulky commodity prices ii Suggest ways in which these problems can be alleviated Proper food preservation Improved communication network Industries located near bulky products Extension services advice Provide good seeds Credit facilities Pest and disease control Irrigation Proper storage facilities Government price control. 2.a i What are the characteristics of shifting cultivation? Limited capital for investment Use of rudimentary tools and equipment 1Small land usually cultivated Slash and burn technique of clearing Crops not properly managed. |
Lack of capital for investment Pests and diseases of crops and livestock Unpredictable climatic conditions Fluctuation of market prices Inadequate or poor storage structure leading to heavy lose Inadequate technical know-how Population pressure hence over-use of land Poor communication Perishability Bulky commodity prices ii Suggest ways in which these problems can be alleviated Proper food preservation Improved communication network Industries located near bulky products Extension services advice Provide good seeds Credit facilities Pest and disease control Irrigation Proper storage facilities Government price control. 2.a i What are the characteristics of shifting cultivation? Limited capital for investment Use of rudimentary tools and equipment 1Small land usually cultivated Slash and burn technique of clearing Crops not properly managed. Ii State the problems associated with shifting cultivation . |
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