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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter%20Mafany%20Musonge | Peter Mafany Musonge (born 3 December 1942) is a Cameroonian politician who was Prime Minister of Cameroon from September 19, 1996, to December 8, 2004.
Biography
Musonge was born at Muea in the Fako Department of Cameroon's South-West Region. He received a Bachelor of Science degree in civil engineering at Drexel Uni... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boussinesq%20approximation%20%28buoyancy%29 | In fluid dynamics, the Boussinesq approximation (, named for Joseph Valentin Boussinesq) is used in the field of buoyancy-driven flow (also known as natural convection). It ignores density differences except where they appear in terms multiplied by , the acceleration due to gravity. The essence of the Boussinesq approx... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1885%20in%20science | The year 1885 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Astronomy
August 20 – Ernst Hartwig discovers S Andromedae, a supernova in the Andromeda Galaxy, the first supernova discovered beyond the Milky Way.
Biology
The genus Plasmodium is described by Ettore Marchiafava and Angelo Cel... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einars%20Rep%C5%A1e | Einars Repše (born 9 December 1961) is a Latvian physicist, financier and politician, chairman of the Association for Latvian Development.
Biography
Einars Repše graduated from Latvia State University (now known as University of Latvia) in 1986 with a degree in physics (specialisation – radio electronics).
He first e... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test-and-set | In computer science, the test-and-set instruction is an instruction used to write (set) 1 to a memory location and return its old value as a single atomic (i.e., non-interruptible) operation. The caller can then "test" the result to see if the state was changed by the call. If multiple processes may access the same mem... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illinois%20Mathematics%20and%20Science%20Academy | The Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy, or IMSA, is a three-year residential public secondary education institution in Aurora, Illinois, United States, with an enrollment of approximately 650 students.
Enrollment is generally offered to incoming sophomores, although younger students who have had the equivalent o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron%E2%80%93sulfur%20world%20hypothesis | The iron–sulfur world hypothesis is a set of proposals for the origin of life and the early evolution of life advanced in a series of articles between 1988 and 1992 by Günter Wächtershäuser, a Munich patent lawyer with a degree in chemistry, who had been encouraged and supported by philosopher Karl R. Popper to publish... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9minaire%20de%20G%C3%A9om%C3%A9trie%20Alg%C3%A9brique%20du%20Bois%20Marie | In mathematics, the Séminaire de Géométrie Algébrique du Bois Marie (SGA) was an influential seminar run by Alexander Grothendieck. It was a unique phenomenon of research and publication outside of the main mathematical journals that ran from 1960 to 1969 at the IHÉS near Paris. (The name came from the small wood on th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physics%20Analysis%20Workstation | The Physics Analysis Workstation (PAW) is an interactive, scriptable computer software tool for data analysis and graphical presentation in High Energy Physics (HEP).
The development of this software tool started at CERN in 1986, it was optimized for the processing of very large amounts of data. It was based on and in... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/36%20%28number%29 | 36 (thirty-six) is the natural number following 35 and preceding 37.
In mathematics
36 is both the square of six, and the eighth triangular number or sum of the first eight non-zero positive integers, which makes 36 the first non-trivial square triangular number. Aside from being the smallest square triangular number... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/37%20%28number%29 | 37 (thirty-seven) is the natural number following 36 and preceding 38.
In mathematics
37 is the 12th prime number, and the 3rd isolated prime without a twin prime.
37 is the first irregular prime.
The sum of the squares of the first 37 primes is divisible by 37.
Every positive integer is the sum of at most 37 fifth ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/39%20%28number%29 | 39 (thirty-nine) is the natural number following 38 and preceding 40.
In mathematics
39 is the 12th distinct semiprime and the 4th in the (3.q) family. It is the last member of the third distinct semiprime pair (38,39).
39 has an aliquot sum of 17, which is a prime. 39 is the 4th member of the 17-aliquot tree within... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/47%20%28number%29 | 47 (forty-seven) is the natural number following 46 and preceding 48. It is a prime number.
In mathematics
Forty-seven is the fifteenth prime number, a safe prime, the thirteenth supersingular prime, the fourth isolated prime, and the sixth Lucas prime. Forty-seven is a highly cototient number. It is an Eisenstein pri... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Driss%20Jettou | Driss Jettou (, ; born 24 May 1945) is a Moroccan politician, who served as the Prime Minister of Morocco from 2002 to 2007.
Early life and education
Jettou was born in the town of El Jadida on 24 May 1945. After secondary studies at El Khawarizmi college in Casablanca, he obtained a technical Baccalauréat in mathemat... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gymnasium%20Jur%20Hronec | Gymnázium Jura Hronca (GJH) is a gymnasium (grammar school) located in Bratislava, Slovakia.
The school has a focus on the study of natural sciences, mathematics, and computer sciences. However its affiliation with the International Baccalaureate, an active bi-lingual (English – Slovak) programme and the option to stu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravity%20current | In fluid dynamics, a gravity current or density current is a primarily horizontal flow in a gravitational field that is driven by a density difference in a fluid or fluids and is constrained to flow horizontally by, for instance, a ceiling. Typically, the density difference is small enough for the Boussinesq approximat... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear%20algebraic%20group | In mathematics, a linear algebraic group is a subgroup of the group of invertible matrices (under matrix multiplication) that is defined by polynomial equations. An example is the orthogonal group, defined by the relation where is the transpose of .
Many Lie groups can be viewed as linear algebraic groups over the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isidore%20Geoffroy%20Saint-Hilaire | Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire (16 December 1805 – 10 November 1861) was a French zoologist and an authority on deviation from normal structure. In 1854 he coined the term éthologie (ethology).
Biography
He was born in Paris, the son of Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire. In his earlier years he showed an aptitude for ma... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euler%20equations%20%28fluid%20dynamics%29 | In fluid dynamics, the Euler equations are a set of quasilinear partial differential equations governing adiabatic and inviscid flow. They are named after Leonhard Euler. In particular, they correspond to the Navier–Stokes equations with zero viscosity and zero thermal conductivity.
The Euler equations can be applied ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contact%20%28mathematics%29 | In mathematics, two functions have a contact of order if, at a point , they have the same value and equal derivatives. This is an equivalence relation, whose equivalence classes are generally called jets. The point of osculation is also called the double cusp. Contact is a geometric notion; it can be defined algebra... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formal%20system | A formal system is an abstract structure or formalization of an axiomatic system used for inferring theorems from axioms by a set of inference rules.
In 1921, David Hilbert proposed to use the formal system as the foundation for the knowledge in mathematics.
The term formalism is sometimes a rough synonym for formal ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominator%20%28graph%20theory%29 | In computer science, a node of a control-flow graph dominates a node if every path from the entry node to must go through . Notationally, this is written as (or sometimes ). By definition, every node dominates itself.
There are a number of related concepts:
A node strictly dominates a node if dominates and ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89tale%20cohomology | In mathematics, the étale cohomology groups of an algebraic variety or scheme are algebraic analogues of the usual cohomology groups with finite coefficients of a topological space, introduced by Grothendieck in order to prove the Weil conjectures. Étale cohomology theory can be used to construct ℓ-adic cohomology, whi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solvable | In mathematics, solvable may refer to:
Solvable group, a group that can be constructed by compositions of abelian groups, or equivalently a group whose derived series reaches the trivial group in finitely many steps
Solvable extension, a field extension whose Galois group is a solvable group
Solvable equation, a polyno... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginzburg%E2%80%93Landau%20theory | In physics, Ginzburg–Landau theory, often called Landau–Ginzburg theory, named after Vitaly Ginzburg and Lev Landau, is a mathematical physical theory used to describe superconductivity. In its initial form, it was postulated as a phenomenological model which could describe type-I superconductors without examining th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix%20mechanics | Matrix mechanics is a formulation of quantum mechanics created by Werner Heisenberg, Max Born, and Pascual Jordan in 1925. It was the first conceptually autonomous and logically consistent formulation of quantum mechanics. Its account of quantum jumps supplanted the Bohr model's electron orbits. It did so by interpreti... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max%20von%20Laue | Max Theodor Felix von Laue (; 9 October 1879 – 24 April 1960) was a German physicist who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1914 for his discovery of the diffraction of X-rays by crystals.
In addition to his scientific endeavors with contributions in optics, crystallography, quantum theory, superconductivity, and ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Henry%20Bragg | Sir William Henry Bragg (2 July 1862 – 12 March 1942) was an English physicist, chemist, mathematician, and active sportsman who uniquely shared a Nobel Prize with his son Lawrence Bragg – the 1915 Nobel Prize in Physics: "for their services in the analysis of crystal structure by means of X-rays". The mineral Braggit... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles%20Glover%20Barkla | Charles Glover Barkla FRS FRSE (7 June 1877 – 23 October 1944) was a British physicist, and the winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1917 for his work in X-ray spectroscopy and related areas in the study of X-rays (Roentgen rays).
Life
Barkla was born in Widnes, England, to John Martin Barkla, a secretary for the A... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor%20Francis%20Hess | Victor Franz Hess (; 24 June 188317 December 1964) was an Austrian-American physicist, and Nobel laureate in physics, who discovered cosmic rays.
Biography
He was born to Vinzenz Hess and Serafine Edle von Grossbauer-Waldstätt, in Waldstein Castle, near Peggau in Styria, Austria, on 24 June 1883. His father was a roy... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl%20David%20Anderson | Carl David Anderson (September 3, 1905 – January 11, 1991) was an American physicist. He is best known for his discovery of the positron in 1932, an achievement for which he received the 1936 Nobel Prize in Physics, and of the muon in 1936.
Biography
Anderson was born in New York City, the son of Swedish immigrants. ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otto%20Stern | Otto Stern was also the pen name of German women's rights activist Louise Otto-Peters (1819–1895).
Otto Stern (; 17 February 1888 – 17 August 1969) was a German-American physicist and Nobel laureate in physics. He was the second most nominated person for a Nobel Prize, with 82 nominations in the years 1925–1945 (most ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf%20E.%20K%C3%A1lm%C3%A1n | Rudolf Emil Kálmán (May 19, 1930 – July 2, 2016) was a Hungarian-American electrical engineer, mathematician, and inventor. He is most noted for his co-invention and development of the Kalman filter, a mathematical algorithm that is widely used in signal processing, control systems, and guidance, navigation and control... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy%20Williams%20Bridgman | Percy Williams Bridgman (April 21, 1882 – August 20, 1961) was an American physicist who received the 1946 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on the physics of high pressures. He also wrote extensively on the scientific method and on other aspects of the philosophy of science. The Bridgman effect, the Bridgman–Stockb... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simulation%20%28computer%20science%29 | In theoretical computer science a simulation is a relation between state transition systems associating systems that behave in the same way in the sense that one system simulates the other.
Intuitively, a system simulates another system if it can match all of its moves.
The basic definition relates states within one ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward%20Victor%20Appleton | Sir Edward Victor Appleton (6 September 1892 – 21 April 1965) was an English physicist, Nobel Prize winner (1947) and pioneer in radiophysics. He studied, and was also employed as a lab technician, at Bradford College from 1909 to 1911.
He won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1947 for his seminal work proving the existe... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C.%20F.%20Powell | Cecil Frank Powell, FRS (5 December 1903 – 9 August 1969) was a British physicist, and Nobel Prize in Physics laureate for heading the team that developed the photographic method of studying nuclear processes and for the resulting discovery of the pion (pi-meson), a subatomic particle.
Personal life
Powell was born i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward%20Mills%20Purcell | Edward Mills Purcell (August 30, 1912 – March 7, 1997) was an American physicist who shared the 1952 Nobel Prize for Physics for his independent discovery (published 1946) of nuclear magnetic resonance in liquids and in solids. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has become widely used to study the molecular structure o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polykarp%20Kusch | Polykarp Kusch (January 26, 1911 – March 20, 1993) was a German-born American physicist. In 1955, the Nobel Committee gave a divided Nobel Prize for Physics, with one half going to Kusch for his accurate determination that the magnetic moment of the electron was greater than its theoretical value, thus leading to recon... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilya%20Frank | Ilya Mikhailovich Frank (; 23 October 1908 – 22 June 1990) was a Soviet physicist who received the 1958 Nobel Prize for Physics, jointly with Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov and Igor Y. Tamm, also of the Soviet Union. He received the award for his work in explaining the phenomenon of Cherenkov radiation. He received the S... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles%20H.%20Townes | Charles Hard Townes (July 28, 1915 – January 27, 2015) was an American physicist. Townes worked on the theory and application of the maser, for which he obtained the fundamental patent, and other work in quantum electronics associated with both maser and laser devices. He shared the 1964 Nobel Prize in Physics with Ni... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%CF%83%20set | {{DISPLAYTITLE:Fσ set}}
In mathematics, an Fσ set (said F-sigma set) is a countable union of closed sets. The notation originated in French with F for (French: closed) and σ for (French: sum, union).
The complement of an Fσ set is a Gδ set.
Fσ is the same as in the Borel hierarchy.
Examples
Each closed set is ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred%20Kastler | Alfred Kastler (; 3 May 1902 – 7 January 1984) was a French physicist, and Nobel Prize laureate.
Biography
Kastler was born in Guebwiller (Alsace, German Empire) and later attended the Lycée Bartholdi in Colmar, Alsace, and École Normale Supérieure in Paris in 1921. After his studies, in 1926 he began teaching physics... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Robert%20Schrieffer | John Robert Schrieffer (; May 31, 1931 – July 27, 2019) was an American physicist who, with John Bardeen and Leon Cooper, was a recipient of the 1972 Nobel Prize in Physics for developing the BCS theory, the first successful quantum theory of superconductivity.
Life and career
Schrieffer was born in Oak Park, Illinoi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Descriptive%20set%20theory | In mathematical logic, descriptive set theory (DST) is the study of certain classes of "well-behaved" subsets of the real line and other Polish spaces. As well as being one of the primary areas of research in set theory, it has applications to other areas of mathematics such as functional analysis, ergodic theory, the ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivar%20Giaever | Ivar Giaever (, ; born April 5, 1929) is a Norwegian-American engineer and physicist who shared the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1973 with Leo Esaki and Brian Josephson "for their discoveries regarding tunnelling phenomena in solids". Giaever's share of the prize was specifically for his "experimental discoveries regardin... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brian%20Josephson | Brian David Josephson (born 4 January 1940) is a Welsh theoretical physicist and professor emeritus of physics at the University of Cambridge. Best known for his pioneering work on superconductivity and quantum tunnelling, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1973 for his prediction of the Josephson effect, ma... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben%20Roy%20Mottelson | Ben Roy Mottelson (9 July 1926 – 13 May 2022) was an American-Danish nuclear physicist. He won the 1975 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on the non-spherical geometry of atomic nuclei.
Early life
Mottelson was born in Chicago, Illinois, on 9 July 1926, the son of Georgia (Blum) and Goodman Mottelson, an engineer. H... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Rainwater | Leo James Rainwater (December 9, 1917 – May 31, 1986) was an American physicist who shared the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1975 for his part in determining the asymmetrical shapes of certain atomic nuclei.
During World War II, he worked on the Manhattan Project that developed the first atomic bombs. In 1949, he began de... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burton%20Richter | Burton Richter (March 22, 1931 – July 18, 2018) was an American physicist. He led the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) team which co-discovered the J/ψ meson in 1974, alongside the Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) team led by Samuel Ting for which they won Nobel Prize for Physics in 1976. This discovery wa... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip%20W.%20Anderson | Philip Warren Anderson (December 13, 1923 – March 29, 2020) was an American theoretical physicist and Nobel laureate. Anderson made contributions to the theories of localization, antiferromagnetism, symmetry breaking (including a paper in 1962 discussing symmetry breaking in particle physics, leading to the developmen... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nevill%20Francis%20Mott | Sir Nevill Francis Mott (30 September 1905 – 8 August 1996) was a British physicist who won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1977 for his work on the electronic structure of magnetic and disordered systems, especially amorphous semiconductors. The award was shared with Philip W. Anderson and J. H. Van Vleck. The three h... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Hasbrouck%20Van%20Vleck | John Hasbrouck Van Vleck (March 13, 1899 – October 27, 1980) was an American physicist and mathematician. He was co-awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1977, for his contributions to the understanding of the behavior of electronic magnetism in solids.
Education and early life
Van Vleck was born to mathematician Edwa... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheldon%20Glashow | Sheldon Lee Glashow (, ; born December 5, 1932) is a Nobel Prize-winning American theoretical physicist. He is the Metcalf Professor of Mathematics and Physics at Boston University and Eugene Higgins Professor of Physics, emeritus, at Harvard University, and is a member of the board of sponsors for the Bulletin of the ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Cronin | James Watson Cronin (September 29, 1931 – August 25, 2016) was an American particle physicist.
Cronin and co-researcher Val Logsdon Fitch were awarded the 1980 Nobel Prize in Physics for a 1964 experiment that proved that certain subatomic reactions do not adhere to fundamental symmetry principles. Specifically, they ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Val%20Logsdon%20Fitch | Val Logsdon Fitch (March 10, 1923 – February 5, 2015) was an American nuclear physicist who, with co-researcher James Cronin, was awarded the 1980 Nobel Prize in Physics for a 1964 experiment using the Alternating Gradient Synchrotron at Brookhaven National Laboratory that proved that certain subatomic reactions do not... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur%20Leonard%20Schawlow | Arthur Leonard Schawlow (May 5, 1921 – April 28, 1999) was an American physicist and co-inventor of the laser with Charles Townes. His central insight, which Townes overlooked, was the use of two mirrors as the resonant cavity to take maser action from microwaves to visible wavelengths. He shared the 1981 Nobel Prize i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kai%20Siegbahn | Kai Manne Börje Siegbahn (20 April 1918 – 20 July 2007) was a Swedish physicist who shared the 1981 Nobel Prize in Physics.
Biography
Siegbahn was born in Lund, Sweden, son of Manne Siegbahn the 1924 physics Nobel Prize winner. Siegbahn earned his doctorate at the University of Stockholm in 1944. He was professor at t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth%20G.%20Wilson | Kenneth Geddes "Ken" Wilson (June 8, 1936 – June 15, 2013) was an American theoretical physicist and a pioneer in leveraging computers for studying particle physics. He was awarded the 1982 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on phase transitions—illuminating the subtle essence of phenomena like melting ice and emergin... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPP | IPP may refer to:
Organisations
Independent power producer, electric power generator
India Pride Project, recovering stolen Indian artefacts
Istituto per la Protezione delle Piante (Institute of Plant Protection), Italy
Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, a physics institute in Garching, Germany
Intermountain ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry%20Marshall | Barry James Marshall (born 30 September 1951) is an Australian physician, Nobel Prize Laureate in Physiology or Medicine, Professor of Clinical Microbiology and Co-Director of the Marshall Centre at the University of Western Australia. Marshall and Robin Warren showed that the bacterium Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numeracy | Numeracy is the ability to understand, reason with, and to apply simple numerical concepts. The charity National Numeracy states: "Numeracy means understanding how mathematics is used in the real world and being able to apply it to make the best possible decisions...It’s as much about thinking and reasoning as about 'd... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysis | Lysis ( ) is the breaking down of the membrane of a cell, often by viral, enzymic, or osmotic (that is, "lytic" ) mechanisms that compromise its integrity. A fluid containing the contents of lysed cells is called a lysate. In molecular biology, biochemistry, and cell biology laboratories, cell cultures may be subject... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisimulation | In theoretical computer science a bisimulation is a binary relation between state transition systems, associating systems that behave in the same way in that one system simulates the other and vice versa.
Intuitively two systems are bisimilar if they, assuming we view them as playing a game according to some rules, ma... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantics%20%28computer%20science%29 | In programming language theory, semantics is the rigorous mathematical study of the meaning of programming languages. Semantics assigns computational meaning to valid strings in a programming language syntax. It is closely related to, and often crosses over with, the semantics of mathematical proofs.
Semantics describ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nail | Nail or Nails may refer to:
In biology
Nail (anatomy), toughened protective protein-keratin (known as alpha-keratin, also found in hair) at the end of an animal digit, such as fingernail
Nail (beak), a plate of hard horny tissue at the tip of some bird beaks
Objects
Nail (fastener), the pin-shaped fastener used in... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcriptional%20regulation | In molecular biology and genetics, transcriptional regulation is the means by which a cell regulates the conversion of DNA to RNA (transcription), thereby orchestrating gene activity. A single gene can be regulated in a range of ways, from altering the number of copies of RNA that are transcribed, to the temporal contr... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jolt | Jolt may refer to:
Jolt Award, an award in the software industry
Jolt Cola, a soft drink
Jolt gum, a caffeinated chewing gum from the makers of Jolt Cola
Jolt Online Gaming, a game server host, game network and broadband internet service provider
Jolt (physics), jerk, or surge, in physics, the third derivative of posi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projective%20line | In mathematics, a projective line is, roughly speaking, the extension of a usual line by a point called a point at infinity. The statement and the proof of many theorems of geometry are simplified by the resultant elimination of special cases; for example, two distinct projective lines in a projective plane meet in exa... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroxylation | In chemistry, hydroxylation can refer to:
(i) most commonly, hydroxylation describes a chemical process that introduces a hydroxyl group () into an organic compound.
(ii) the degree of hydroxylation refers to the number of OH groups in a molecule. The pattern of hydroxylation refers to the location of hydroxy groups o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associated%20bundle | In mathematics, the theory of fiber bundles with a structure group (a topological group) allows an operation of creating an associated bundle, in which the typical fiber of a bundle changes from to , which are both topological spaces with a group action of . For a fiber bundle F with structure group G, the transitio... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lebesgue%20covering%20dimension | In mathematics, the Lebesgue covering dimension or topological dimension of a topological space is one of several different ways of defining the dimension of the space in a
topologically invariant way.
Informal discussion
For ordinary Euclidean spaces, the Lebesgue covering dimension is just the ordinary Euclidean dim... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measure-preserving%20dynamical%20system | In mathematics, a measure-preserving dynamical system is an object of study in the abstract formulation of dynamical systems, and ergodic theory in particular. Measure-preserving systems obey the Poincaré recurrence theorem, and are a special case of conservative systems. They provide the formal, mathematical basis for... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scott%20Meyers | Scott Douglas Meyers (born April 9, 1959) is an American author and software consultant, specializing in the C++ computer programming language. He is known for his Effective C++ book series. During his career, he was a frequent speaker at conferences and trade shows.
Biography
He holds a Ph.D. in computer science from... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/43%20%28number%29 | 43 (forty-three) is the natural number following 42 and preceding 44.
In mathematics
Forty-three is the 14th smallest prime number. The previous is forty-one, with which it comprises a twin prime, and the next is 47. 43 is the smallest prime that is not a Chen prime. It is also the third Wagstaff prime.
43 is the fo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual%20Studio%20Technology | Virtual Studio Technology (VST) is an audio plug-in software interface that integrates software synthesizers and effects units into digital audio workstations. VST and similar technologies use digital signal processing to simulate traditional recording studio hardware in software. Thousands of plugins exist, both comme... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/44%20%28number%29 | 44 (forty-four) is the natural number following 43 and preceding 45.
In mathematics
Forty-four X is a composite number; a square-prime, of the form (p2,q) and fourth of this form and of the form (22.q), where q is a higher prime.
44 is a repdigit and palindromic number in decimal. It is the tenth 10-happy number... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/46%20%28number%29 | 46 (forty-six) is the natural number following 45 and preceding 47.
In mathematics
Forty-six is
thirteenth discrete semiprime () and the eighth of the form (2.q), where q is a higher prime.
with an aliquot sum of 26; itself a semiprime, within an aliquot sequence of six composite numbers (46,26,16,15,9,4,3,1,0) t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/48%20%28number%29 | 48 (forty-eight) is the natural number following 47 and preceding 49. It is one third of a gross, or four dozens.
In mathematics
Forty-eight is the double factorial of 6, a highly composite number. Like all other multiples of 6, it is a semiperfect number. 48 is the second 17-gonal number.
48 is the smallest numbe... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/49%20%28number%29 | 49 (forty-nine) is the natural number following 48 and preceding 50.
In mathematics
Forty-nine is the square of the prime number seven and hence the fourth non-unitary square prime of the form p2
47 has an aliquot sum of 8; itself a prime power, and hence an aliquot sequence of two composite members (49, 8, 7,1,0).
... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/51%20%28number%29 | 51 (fifty-one) is the natural number following 50 and preceding 52.
In mathematics
Fifty-one is
a pentagonal number as well as a centered pentagonal number and an 18-gonal number
the 6th Motzkin number, telling the number of ways to draw non-intersecting chords between any six points on a circle's boundary, no matt... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rational%20mechanics | Rational mechanics may refer to:
mécanique rationelle, a historical (19th century) term for classical mechanics
a school of thought within physics advocated by Clifford Truesdell in the 1960s
See also
Newtonianism
Auguste Comte
Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis
rational thermodynamics |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/52%20%28number%29 | 52 (fifty-two) is the natural number following 51 and preceding 53.
In mathematics
Fifty-two is
a composite number; a square-prime, of the form (p2, q) where q is a higher prime. It is the sixth of this form and the fifth of the form (22.q).
the 5th Bell number, the number of ways to partition a set of 5 objects.
... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/53%20%28number%29 | 53 (fifty-three) is the natural number following 52 and preceding 54. It is the 16th prime number.
In mathematics
Fifty-three is the 16th prime number. It is also an Eisenstein prime, an isolated prime, a balanced prime and a Sophie Germain prime.
The sum of the first 53 primes is 5830, which is divisible by 53, a pro... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/54%20%28number%29 | 54 (fifty-four) is the natural number following 53 and preceding 55.
In mathematics
54 is an abundant number and a semiperfect number, like all other multiples of 6.
It is twice the third power of three, 3 + 3 = 54, and hence is a Leyland number.
54 is the smallest number that can be written as the sum of three po... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/55%20%28number%29 | 55 (fifty-five) is the natural number following 54 and preceding 56.
Mathematics
55 is
the fifteenth discrete semiprime () and the second with 5 as the lowest non-unitary factor thus of the form (5.q), where q is a higher prime.
with an aliquot sum of 17; a prime, within an aliquot sequence of one composite number ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/56%20%28number%29 | 56 (fifty-six) is the natural number following 55 and preceding 57.
Mathematics
56 is:
The sum of the first six triangular numbers (making it a tetrahedral number).
The number of ways to choose 3 out of 8 objects or 5 out of 8 objects, if order does not matter.
The sum of six consecutive primes (3 + 5 + 7 + 11 +... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/57%20%28number%29 | 57 (fifty-seven) is the natural number following 56 and preceding 58.
In mathematics
Fifty-seven is the sixteenth discrete semiprime (specifically, the sixth distinct semiprime of the form , where is a higher prime). It also forms the fourth discrete semiprime pair with 58.
57 is the third Blum integer since its t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/58%20%28number%29 | 58 (fifty-eight) is the natural number following 57 and preceding 59.
In mathematics
Fifty-eight is the 17th discrete semiprime and the 9th with 2 as the lowest non-unitary factor; thus of the form (2.q), where q is a higher prime.
Fifty-eight is the first member of a cluster of two semiprimes (57, 58), the next such... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/59%20%28number%29 | 59 (fifty-nine) is the natural number following 58 and preceding 60.
In mathematics
Fifty-nine is the 17th prime number. The next is sixty-one, with which it comprises a twin prime. 59 is an irregular prime, a safe prime and the 14th supersingular prime. It is an Eisenstein prime with no imaginary part and real part o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed%20shared%20memory | In computer science, distributed shared memory (DSM) is a form of memory architecture where physically separated memories can be addressed as a single shared address space. The term "shared" does not mean that there is a single centralized memory, but that the address space is shared—i.e., the same physical address on ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeff%20Hawkins | Jeffrey Hawkins is an American businessman, neuroscientist and engineer. He co-founded Palm Computing — where he co-created the PalmPilot and Treo — and Handspring.
He subsequently turned to work on neuroscience, founding the Redwood Center for Theoretical Neuroscience in 2002. In 2005 he founded Numenta, where he le... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixed | Fixed may refer to:
Fixed (EP), EP by Nine Inch Nails
Fixed (film), an upcoming animated film directed by Genndy Tartakovsky
Fixed (typeface), a collection of monospace bitmap fonts that is distributed with the X Window System
Fixed, subjected to neutering
Fixed point (mathematics), a point that is mapped to itse... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirichlet%20L-function | In mathematics, a Dirichlet L-series is a function of the form
where is a Dirichlet character and s a complex variable with real part greater than 1. It is a special case of a Dirichlet series. By analytic continuation, it can be extended to a meromorphic function on the whole complex plane, and is then called a Diri... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Additive%20Schwarz%20method | In mathematics, the additive Schwarz method, named after Hermann Schwarz, solves a boundary value problem for a partial differential equation approximately by splitting it into boundary value problems on smaller domains and adding the results.
Overview
Partial differential equations (PDEs) are used in all sciences t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schedule%20%28computer%20science%29 | In the fields of databases and transaction processing (transaction management), a schedule (or history) of a system is an abstract model to describe execution of transactions running in the system. Often it is a list of operations (actions) ordered by time, performed by a set of transactions that are executed together ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%BCnwald%E2%80%93Letnikov%20derivative | In mathematics, the Grünwald–Letnikov derivative is a basic extension of the derivative in fractional calculus that allows one to take the derivative a non-integer number of times. It was introduced by Anton Karl Grünwald (1838–1920) from Prague, in 1867, and by Aleksey Vasilievich Letnikov (1837–1888) in Moscow in 186... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shower-curtain%20effect | The shower-curtain effect in physics describes the phenomenon of a shower curtain being blown inward when a shower is running. The problem of identifying the cause of this effect has been featured in Scientific American magazine, with several theories given to explain the phenomenon but no definite conclusion.
The sho... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stelleroidea | Stelleroidea is a superclass of marine echinoderms including three classes:
Asteroidea: true sea stars
Ophiuroidea: brittle stars and basket stars
Somasteroidea (sometimes also Stomasteroidea): ancestral stelleroids
References
Superclasses (biology)
Echinoderm taxonomy |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear%20fractional%20transformation | In mathematics, a linear fractional transformation is, roughly speaking, an invertible transformation of the form
The precise definition depends on the nature of , and . In other words, a linear fractional transformation is a transformation that is represented by a fraction whose numerator and denominator are linear... |
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