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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roberto%20Robaina%20Gonz%C3%A1lez | Roberto Robaina González (born 18 March 1956) was the Foreign Minister of Cuba from 1993 until 1999.
Career
In 1993, at the age of 37 he became Foreign Minister. In 1999 he was removed on accusations of wrongdoing in his relationships with foreign business leaders and officials.
He studied Pedagogy, with emphasis in Mathematics. His approach to the world of fine arts is produced through his personal involvement as a hobby in the design of visual propaganda for working with students and youth.
Since 2004 he is an independent artist, dedicated to painting, photography and graphic design.
Much of his work is in private collections in countries like Spain, Mexico, Italy, Panama, Venezuela, the Dominican Republic, United States, Puerto Rico, Argentina, Uruguay, Chile, France, Switzerland, Russia, Canada, Colombia and Cuba.
References
http://www.jornada.unam.mx/2011/08/23/cultura/a04n1cul
External links
Fine Art America
Cuban diplomats
Foreign ministers of Cuba
1956 births
Living people
Communist Party of Cuba politicians
People from Pinar del Río
1990s in Cuba
20th-century Cuban politicians |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historia%20Mathematica | Historia Mathematica: International Journal of History of Mathematics is an academic journal on the history of mathematics published by Elsevier. It was established by Kenneth O. May in 1971 as the free newsletter Notae de Historia Mathematica, but by its sixth issue in 1974 had turned into a full journal.
The International Commission on the History of Mathematics began awarding the Montucla Prize, for the best article by an early career scholar in Historia Mathematica, in 2009. The award is given every four years.
Editors
The editors of the journal have been:
Kenneth O. May, 1974–1977
Joseph W. Dauben, 1977–1985
Eberhard Knobloch, 1985–1994
David E. Rowe, 1994–1996
Karen Hunger Parshall, 1996–2000
Craig Fraser and Umberto Bottazzini, 2000–2004
Craig Fraser, 2004–2007
Benno van Dalen, 2007–2009
June Barrow-Green and Niccolò Guicciardini, 2010–2013
Niccolò Guicciardini and Tom Archibald, 2013-2015
Tom Archibald and Reinhard Siegmund-Schultze, 2016–present
Abstracting and indexing
The journal is abstracted and indexed in Mathematical Reviews, SCISEARCH, and Scopus.
References
A Brief History of the International Commission on the History of Mathematics (ICHM)
External links
Historia Mathematica at the International Commission on the History of Mathematics
Elsevier academic journals
Quarterly journals
Academic journals established in 1974
English-language journals
History of mathematics journals |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ursula%20Martin | Ursula Hilda Mary Martin (born 3 August 1953) is a British computer scientist, with research interests in theoretical computer science and formal methods. She is also known for her activities aimed at encouraging women in the fields of computing and mathematics. Since 2019, she has served as a professor at the School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh.
From 20142018, Martin was a Professor of Computer Science in the Department of Computer Science at the University of Oxford, and holds an EPSRC Established Career Fellowship. Prior to this she held a chair of Computer Science in the School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science at Queen Mary, University of London, where she was Vice-Principal of Science and Engineering, 20052009.
Education
Martin was born in London on 3 August 1953 to Anne Louise (née Priestman) and Captain Geoffrey Richard Martin. She was educated at Abbey College at Malvern Wells. In 1975 she graduated with an MA from Girton College, Cambridge, and in 1979 with a PhD from the University of Warwick, both in mathematics.
Career and research
Martin began in mathematics working in group theory, later moving into string rewriting systems. She has held academic posts at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the University of Manchester and Royal Holloway, University of London. She has made sabbatical visits to Massachusetts Institute of Technology and SRI International (Menlo Park). In 2004 she was a visiting fellow at the Oxford Internet Ins |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerrold%20R.%20Zacharias | Jerrold Reinach Zacharias (January 23, 1905 – July 16, 1986) was an American physicist and institute professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, as well as an education reformer. His scientific work was in the area of nuclear physics.
Biography
Jerrold Zacharias was born on January 23, 1905, in Jacksonville, Florida. He went to Columbia University, where physicist I. I. Rabi became his mentor. He earned his B.A. from Columbia College in 1926 and his Ph.D. from Columbia University in 1931.
During World War II, Zacharias was involved in both the Radiation Laboratory at MIT and the Manhattan Project. In the former he helped develop practical radar uses for the United States Navy and in the latter he was head of an engineering division at Los Alamos Laboratory.
He helped build the MIT physics department after the war, and was responsible for recruiting Bruno Rossi and Victor Weisskopf to the Institute. During the Cold War he was the head of a number of defense-related studies hosted at MIT, such as Project Hartwell, Project Charles, and Project Lamp Light. The Danish-American physicist Charles Lauritsen was also part of some of these projects.
In 1952 at the MIT Lincoln Laboratory, which had recently been founded to study issues of air defense, the Lincoln Summer Study Group took place, where physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer other scientists urged that resources be allocated to air defense in preference to large retaliatory nuclear strike capabilities. This st |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignacy%20Zaborowski | Ignacy Zaborowski (2 November 1754–10 January 1803) was a Polish mathematician and geodesist; Piarist. He was a professor and rector of the Collegium Nobilium.
Biography
Born on 2 November 1754 in Ruthenian Voivodeship, Zaborowski attended Piarists school in Zolochiv. He joined the Piarists order and after that he taught mathematics in Piarists school in Waręż and Łomża. After moving to Warsaw, he became a teacher of mathematics and measuring, and then rector (1799–1801) of Collegium Nobilium. In 1777 he went to Vienna for supplementary studies.
In 1786 Zaborowski published the textbook Jeometria praktyczna (Polish for Practical geometry), where he described methods of geodesic measurement. The book was awarded the Merentibus by Stanisław August Poniatowski. Zaborowski was an author of Logarytmy dlá szkół narodowych (Polish for Logarithms for national schools) written by order of Commission of National Education and published in 1787. He also wrote Tablice matematyczne (Polish for Mathematical tables) which was published in 1797. He translated Fulgenty Obermajer's Arytmetyka praktyczna kieszonkowa. He started working on the book Geometria wiejska, an agriculture measurement textbook, but it has not been finished.
In 1800 he became a member of the Society of Friends of Science. Since 1802 he was a provincial of Piarists.
Zaborowski died on 10 January 1803 in Warsaw.
Works
Books:
Jeometria praktyczna (1786)
Logarytmy dlá szkół narodowych (1787)
Tablice matematyczne (179 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egor%20Popov | Egor Pavlovich Popov (; February 6, 1913 – April 19, 2001) was a structural and seismic engineer who helped transform the design of buildings, structures, and civil engineering around earthquake-prone regions.
A relative of inventor Alexander Stepanovich Popov, Egor Popov was born in Kiev, Russian Empire and after moving to the United States of America in 1927, he eventually earned a B.S. from UC Berkeley, his master's degree from MIT and his doctorate degree from Stanford in 1946.
During his career, Popov was primarily famous for his work doing research for the University of California, Berkeley. Some of his accomplishments include: working with buckling problems for NASA in Houston, Texas, involvement with the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge, assisting with pipe testing for the Trans-Alaskan Pipeline, developing the Steel Moment Resisting Frame (resistance to earthquake forces), and eccentrically braced frames (ebf's).
Textbooks
Introduction to Mechanics of Solids, Prentice Hall, 1968.
Mechanics of Materials, 2nd ed., Prentice Hall, 1976.
Engineering Mechanics of Solids, 2nd ed., Prentice Hall, 1998.
References
Further reading
An interview conducted by Stanley Scott
1913 births
2001 deaths
American civil engineers
Earthquake engineering
Soviet emigrants to the United States
University of California, Berkeley faculty
American people of Russian descent
University of California, Berkeley alumni
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
Stanford University alumni
20 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20York%20Number%20Theory%20Seminar | The New York Number Theory Seminar is a research seminar devoted to the theory of numbers and related parts of mathematics and physics.
The seminar began in 1982 under the founding organizers Harvey Cohn, David and Gregory Chudnovsky, and Melvyn B. Nathanson. It is held at the Graduate Center, CUNY.
Overview
The New York Number Theory Seminar began in January 1982 and was originally organized by number theorists Harvey Cohn, David and Gregory Chudnovsky ,and Melvyn B. Nathanson. Since the retirement of Cohn, Nathanson is the sole organizer. The seminar also organizes an annual Workshop on Combinatorial and Additive Number Theory (CANT) at the Graduate Center, CUNY.
Publications
Four volumes of the collected lecture notes of the seminar were published in the Lecture Notes in Mathematics series by Springer-Verlag. These volumes covered the seminar from 1982 to 1988. Three additional stand-alone books were published by Springer-Verlag under the title Number Theory, covering the seminar between 1989 and 2003.
External links
References
Mathematics education in the United States
City University of New York
Number theory |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Review%20of%20Scientific%20Instruments | Review of Scientific Instruments is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Institute of Physics. Its area of interest is scientific instruments, apparatus, and techniques. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2018 impact factor of 1.587.
References
External links
Chemistry journals
Physics journals
Research methods journals
American Institute of Physics academic journals
Monthly journals
English-language journals |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium%20triethylborohydride | Lithium triethylborohydride is the organoboron compound with the formula LiEt3BH. Commonly referred to as LiTEBH or Superhydride, it is a powerful reducing agent used in organometallic and organic chemistry. It is a colorless or white liquid but is typically marketed and used as a THF solution. The related reducing agent sodium triethylborohydride is commercially available as toluene solutions.
LiBHEt3 is a stronger reducing agent than lithium borohydride and lithium aluminium hydride.
Preparation
LiBHEt3 is prepared by the reaction of lithium hydride (LiH) and triethylborane (Et3B) in tetrahydrofuran (THF):
LiH + Et3B → LiEt3BH
Its THF solutions are stable indefinitely in the absence of moisture and air.
Reactions
Alkyl halides are reduced to the alkanes by LiBHEt3.
LiBHEt3 reduces a wide range of functional groups, but so do many other hydride reagents. Instead, LiBHEt3 is reserved for difficult substrates, such as sterically hindered carbonyls, as illustrated by reduction of 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-3-pentanone. Otherwise, it reduces acid anhydrides to alcohols and the carboxylic acid, not to the diol. Similarly lactones reduce to diols. α,β-Enones undergo 1,4-addition to give lithium enolates. Disulfides reduce to thiols (via thiolates). LiBHEt3 deprotonates carboxylic acids, but does not reduce the resulting lithium carboxylates. For similar reasons, epoxides undergo ring-opening upon treatment with LiBHEt3 to give the alcohol. With unsymmetrical epoxides, the reaction |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decentralized%20object%20location%20and%20routing | In computer science, Decentralized Object Location and Routing (DOLR) is a scalable, location-independent routing technology. It uses location-independent names, or aliases, for each node in the network, and it is an example of peer-to-peer networking that uses a structured-overlay system called Tapestry. It was designed to facilitate large internet applications with millions of users physically distributed around the globe and using a variety of wireless and wired interfaces, specifically in situations where a traditional unstructured network of popular Domain name system servers would fail to perform well.
References
Routing |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drosophilist | Drosophilist is a term used to refer to both the specific group of scientists trained in the laboratory of Thomas Hunt Morgan, and more generally any scientist who uses the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster to study genetics, development, neurogenetics, behavior and a host of other subjects in animal biology.
The core members of the original drosophilists at Columbia University included Morgan, Alfred Sturtevant, Calvin Bridges and Hermann Joseph Muller. Drosophilists directly connected with Morgan at Caltech included Theodosius Dobzhansky and George Beadle.
Drosophilists who have won Nobel Prizes
Nine drosophilists have won Nobel Prizes for their work in Drosophila:
Thomas Hunt Morgan – for his discovery that chromosomes contain linear arrangements of genes
Hermann Joseph Muller – for his discovery that X-rays can produce mutations
Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard – Shared with Wieschaus and Lewis "for their discoveries concerning the genetic control of early embryonic development"
Eric Wieschaus
Edward B. Lewis
Jules A. Hoffmann – "for discoveries concerning the activation of innate immunity"
Michael Rosbash - Shared with Young and Hall "for their discoveries of molecular mechanisms controlling the circadian rhythm"
Michael W. Young
Jeffrey C. Hall
A few other drosophilists won Nobel Prizes for work done in other systems:
George Wells Beadle – for work done with Neurospora crassa
Edward Lawrie Tatum – for work done with N. crassa
Richard Axel – for work on the mouse olfacto |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convolutindole%20A | Convolutindole A (2,4,6-tribromo-1,7-dimethoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine) is a brominated tryptamine alkaloid that was first identified in 2001 in Amathia convoluta, a marine bryozoan. Bryozoans are aquatic invertebrates that grow in colonies and may resemble corals.
Chemistry
Convolutamine A is the 2,4,6-tribromo-1,7-dimethoxy derivative of DMT, a hallucinogen that occurs naturally in many plants and animals. Convolutamine A is chemically related to 5-bromo-DMT which also occurs in many marine invertebrates.
Until the discovery of convolutindole A, the 1-methoxyindole moiety was unknown in the marine world. 1-Methoxyindoles, such as lespedamine, were previously only known to occur in plants of the bean and mustard families.
Biological activity
This chemical was tested for its ability to kill parasitic nematodes. It was found to be more effective than levamisole - a synthetic drug used to kill parasitic worms and to treat colon cancer.
References
Narkowicz, C. K.; Blackman, A. J., (June 2001). Abstracts of Papers; 10th International Symposium on Marine Natural Products: Nago, Okinawa, Abstract OR1.
Tryptamine alkaloids
Halogen-containing alkaloids
Bromoarenes
Indole ethers at the benzene ring
Hydroxylamines |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lever%20rule | In chemistry, the lever rule is a formula used to determine the mole fraction (xi) or the mass fraction (wi) of each phase of a binary equilibrium phase diagram. It can be used to determine the fraction of liquid and solid phases for a given binary composition and temperature that is between the liquidus and solidus line.
In an alloy or a mixture with two phases, α and β, which themselves contain two elements, A and B, the lever rule states that the mass fraction of the α phase is
where
is the mass fraction of element B in the α phase
is the mass fraction of element B in the β phase
is the mass fraction of element B in the entire alloy or mixture
all at some fixed temperature or pressure.
Derivation
Suppose an alloy at an equilibrium temperature T consists of mass fraction of element B. Suppose also that at temperature T the alloy consists of two phases, α and β, for which the α consists of , and β consists of . Let the mass of the α phase in the alloy be so that the mass of the β phase is , where is the total mass of the alloy.
By definition, then, the mass of element B in the α phase is , while the mass of element B in the β phase is . Together these two quantities sum to the total mass of element B in the alloy, which is given by . Therefore,
By rearranging, one finds that
This final fraction is the mass fraction of the α phase in the alloy.
Calculations
Binary phase diagrams
Before any calculations can be made, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagr |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malcolm%20Group | W. H. Malcolm Ltd (trading as the Malcolm Group) is a logistics company based in Linwood, Renfrewshire, Scotland. The company provides logistic services (Malcolm Logistics and Malcolm Rail) including road and rail transport, warehousing, and terminal management. Other group activities include civil engineering, plant hire, construction (Malcolm Construction), primarily groundwork and vehicle maintenance.
History
The origins of the company trace to the 1920s, when Donald Malcolm left school in his early teenage years and started running his family's small coal business. The business grew and in the 1950s entered a partnership with Grampian Holdings; the company expanded into the road building through an equipment hire business, and a shale bing business.
In 1960, when the company was acquired by the industrial holding company Grampian Holdings Plc, the company's assets included 37 vehicles and seven construction equipment items. Donald Malcolm remained in charge of W H Malcolm after the takeover. Donald Malcolm died in 2003; two of his sons Walter and Andrew took over management of the business.
In 2002 Grampian Holdings Plc which was public listed on the stock exchange, was renamed The Malcolm Group Plc. In 2005 the company was taken back into private ownership by the Malcolm family and the Bank of Scotland plc.
Donald Malcolm Heritage Centre
The Donald Malcolm Heritage Centre was built by Andrew Malcolm in memory of his father, Donald Malcolm. The centre houses a displ |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AGILE%20%28satellite%29 | AGILE (Astro‐Rivelatore Gamma a Immagini Leggero) is an X-ray and gamma ray astronomical satellite of the Italian Space Agency (ASI).
Objectives
AGILE's mission is to observe gamma-ray sources in the universe.
AGILE (Astro rivelatore Gamma a Immagini Leggero) is an Italian high-energy astrophysics mission dedicated to the observation of the gamma-ray Universe. Its very innovative instrumentation is unprecedentedly light (100 kg) and the most compact ever operational for high-energy astrophysics (approximately a cube of about 60 cm size) with excellent detection and imaging capability. Satellite data are collected by the ASI ground station in Malindi (Kenya), then quickly transferred to the Satellite Operations Centre in Fucino, transferred, preprocessed, and stored and analyzed at the ASI Science Data Center (ASDC) in Frascati. In parallel the pre-processed data are transferred at INAF/OAS Bologna for a fast science alert generation, thus assuring a very rapid response to gamma-ray detections, obtained by special quick look analysis programs and coordinated ground-based and space observation.
Key scientific objectives of the AGILE Mission include the study of:
Active Galactic Nuclei
Gamma-Ray Bursts
X-ray and gamma galactic sources
Non-identified gamma sources
Diffuse galactic gamma emissions
Diffuse extra-galactic gamma emissions
Fundamental physics
Instrumentation
AGILE's instrumentation includes a Gamma Ray Imaging Detector (GRID) sensitive in the 30 MeV – 50 G |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biocultural%20anthropology | Biocultural anthropology can be defined in numerous ways. It is the scientific exploration of the relationships between human biology and culture. "Instead of looking for the underlying biological roots of human behavior, biocultural anthropology attempts to understand how culture affects our biological capacities and limitations."
History
Physical anthropologists throughout the first half of the 20th century viewed this relationship from a racial perspective; that is, from the assumption that typological human biological differences lead to cultural differences. After World War II the emphasis began to shift toward an effort to explore the role culture plays in shaping human biology. The shift towards understanding the role of culture to human biology led to the development of Dual inheritance theory in the 1960s. In relation to, and following the development of Dual-inheritance theory, biocultural evolution was introduced and first used in the 1970s.
Key research
Biocultural approaches to human biology have been utilized since at least 1958 when American Biological Anthropologist Frank B. Livingstone contributed early research explaining the linkages among population growth, subsistence strategy, and the distribution of the sickle cell gene in Liberia.
Human adaptability research in the 1960s focused on two biocultural approaches to fatigue: functional differentiation of skeletal muscles associated with various movements, and human adaptability to modern living involv |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thackeray%20Hall | Thackeray Hall is an academic building of the University of Pittsburgh and a contributing property to the Schenley Farms National Historic District[] at 139 University Place on the campus of the University of Pittsburgh in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States.
Thackeray Hall houses Pitt's Department of Mathematics. Previously, it housed the Mathematics Library in room 430, whose collection is now located in the Bevier Engineering Library of Benedum Hall. On the ground floor are many university student services: class registration, tuition billing, and transcripts, as well as housing the Advising Center of the School of Arts and Sciences on the second floor.
The building is the former National Union Fire Insurance Company building built circa 1923–1925 in the Early Classical style. The building was purchased by the university in 1968 for $1.875 million ($ in dollars), and was originally purposed for faculty offices. It was known as the Social Sciences Building until 1972 when it was renamed Mervis Hall and designated as the home of the Graduate School of Business. In 1983, when the Graduate School of Business moved into a new building also named Mervis Hall, it was renamed Thackeray Hall.
References
External links
Thackeray Hall on Pitt's virtual Campus Tour
Department of Mathematics
School of Arts & Sciences Advising
University of Pittsburgh academic buildings
Historic district contributing properties in Pennsylvania
National Register of Historic Places in Pitts |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard%20Alan%20Smith | Howard Alan Smith is a senior astrophysicist at the Center for Astrophysics Harvard & Smithsonian, and is the former chair of the astronomy department at Smithsonian Institution’s National Air and Space Museum in Washington, DC.
A research scientist with several hundred scholarly publications, he served as a visiting astronomer at NASA headquarters.
He was co-investigator of Kuiper Airborne Observatory (KAO) discovery of a stellar laser at MWC 349.
Active in public education, he has been recognized by Harvard for excellence in teaching. He is a traditional, observant Jew, and has lectured on cosmology and Kabbalah for over twenty years.
He taught a cosmology telecourse for Our Learning Company.
Works
References
External links
Author's Webpage
Living people
American astronomers
Harvard University faculty
Year of birth missing (living people)
Jewish American scientists
21st-century American Jews |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammed%20Amin%20Andrabi | Muhammad Amin Andrabi (born 1940 in Srinagar, Kashmir, died 30 December 2001) was a member of the prominent Andrabi Sayyed family. He was the son of the Sufi shaykh and a religious scholar Mir Ahmad. He belonged to the Traditionalist School of metaphysics, inspired by authors like Ibn Arabi, Muhammad Iqbal, Frithjof Schuon, Seyyed Hossein Nasr and Henry Corbin.
Andrabi was schooled at the Islamia High School, Kashmir's first modern school. He had an early proclivity for languages and learned English, Arabic, Persian and Urdu in school. He earned his doctorate in Urdu from the University of Kashmir, studying under one of South Asia's most eminent 20th-century Urdu scholars, Aal-e-Ahmad Suroor. He was also instructed in Islamic history, law and philosophy by his father.
Andrabi began his career as a teacher in the Islamia College of Science and Commerce in Srinagar, where he taught Urdu literature. In 1980 he joined the University of Kashmir as a professor. From the mid-1980s until his death he headed the university's Iqbal Institute, a research center where scholars pursue doctoral studies. There, Andrabi supervised and guided doctoral research in literature, criticism, philosophy, linguistics, history and comparative religion.
He was an authority on Urdu literature and is remembered for his contributions to literary criticism, comparative religion and Islamic philosophy. He authored two books and has been published in several literary journals worldwide.
References
Kashm |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neato | Neato may refer to:
Neato (spider), a genus of spider
The command line tool, part of the Graphviz software package
Neato Robotics, manufacturer of robotic vacuum cleaners
Northeast Asia Treaty Organization, the proposed military alliance organization |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghanim%20Al-Jumaily | Ghanim Alwan Al-Jumaily (born June 1, 1950) is the ambassador of Iraq to Saudi Arabia, appointed by the interim government of Iraq in 2008. He first served as Iraq's ambassador to Japan in 2004. He has four children, Anas, Youssra, Mariam and Omar.
Al-Jumaily holds a PhD in Electrical Engineering from the University of New Mexico, an M.S. in Optics from the University of Arizona, and a B.S. in Physics from the University of Baghdad. During the course of his career he came to hold two patents in the field of optics.
Prior to his appointment as ambassador, he served as the CEO of Life for Relief and Development, a Michigan-based charity credited with helping Iraqi families during the Post-Gulf War I period. Before that, he worked for various private firms, including Minnesota-based Seagate. He also worked for NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in California where he worked specifically on the Mars Pathfinder rover. In 1999, Aljumaily co edited a book by the name of Optical Metrology.
He began work as the Iraqi Ambassador to Japan in October 2004 where he served as the first Iraqi Ambassador to Japan since the early 1990s. He was appointed by the Council of Representatives of Iraq from amongst a list of the first 40 Ambassadors of Iraq after Saddam Hussein's regime.
Al-Jumaily is currently an engineering professor at the College of Engineering, Technology, and Aeronautics at Southern New Hampshire University.
Iraq–Japan strategic partnership
As Iraqi Ambassador to Japan, Al |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnold%20Adolph%20Berthold | Arnold Adolph Berthold (also Arnold Adolf Berthold) (26 February 1803, in Soest – 3 January 1861, in Göttingen) was a German scientist, most notably a physiologist and zoologist . He is best known in modern science for his pioneering experiments in the field of endocrinology. He published works on herpetology, ornithology, entomology and chemistry.
Early life and education
Berthold was the second-youngest of six children. His father was a carpenter and his family was not wealthy. He went to the local gymnasium (equivalent to a grammar school) where he studied the classics but was most interested in natural history. He followed his older brother's example to study medicine at University of Göttingen in August 1819. His thesis was under the direction of Johann Friedrich Blumenbach (1752–1840) and he qualified on 10 September 1823.
Career
He remained at Göttingen for a year before doing a tour of other universities and clinics, which included meeting Johann Lukas Schönlein. In 1825, Berthold decided to practise medicine in Berlin and began experimenting on the effects of coal gas and mercury on the body. Unsettled, he continued to tour Germany and Franc, attending the lectures of other contemporary luminaries Georges Cuvier, Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire and André Marie Constant Duméril. He forwent the idea of private medical practice and wrote a paper on the thyroid gland of the parrot. He returned to his alma mater as a privatdozent in medicine and began to teach physiolog |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janko%20%28disambiguation%29 | Janko is a surname and given name.
Janko may also refer to:
Janko group, in mathematics
Janko group J1
Janko group J2
Janko group J3
Janko group J4
Jankó keyboard
Jankwa (or Janko), a Newar ritual
See also
Janko Kráľ Park, a park in Bratislava's Petržalka borough |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sphingomonas%20paucimobilis | Sphingomonas paucimobilis is a strictly aerobic Gram-negative bacterium that has a single polar flagellum with slow motility. The cell size is around 0.7 x 1.4 μm. It is usually found in soil. As with the other members of the genus, its biochemistry is remarkable in possession of ubiquinone 10 as its major respiratory quinone, and of glycosphingolipids instead of lipopolysaccharides in its cell envelope. It has been implicated in various types of clinical infections.
S. paucimobilis is able to degrade lignin-related biphenyl chemical compounds.
References
External links
Type strain of Sphingomonas paucimobilis at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase
paucimobilis
Bacteria described in 1977 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A1clav%20Chv%C3%A1tal | Václav (Vašek) Chvátal () is a Professor Emeritus in the Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering at Concordia University in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, and a visiting professor at Charles University in Prague. He has published extensively on topics in graph theory, combinatorics, and combinatorial optimization.
Biography
Chvátal was born in 1946 in Prague and educated in mathematics at Charles University in Prague, where he studied under the supervision of Zdeněk Hedrlín. He fled Czechoslovakia in 1968, three days after the Soviet invasion, and completed his Ph.D. in Mathematics at the University of Waterloo, under the supervision of Crispin St. J. A. Nash-Williams, in the fall of 1970. Subsequently, he took positions at McGill University (1971 and 1978–1986), Stanford University (1972 and 1974–1977), the Université de Montréal (1972–1974 and 1977–1978), and Rutgers University (1986-2004) before returning to Montreal for the
Canada Research Chair in Combinatorial Optimization
at Concordia (2004-2011) and the Canada Research Chair in Discrete Mathematics (2011-2014) till his retirement.
Research
Chvátal first learned of graph theory in 1964, on finding a book by Claude Berge in a Pilsen bookstore and much of his research involves graph theory:
His first mathematical publication, at the age of 19, concerned directed graphs that cannot be mapped to themselves by any nontrivial graph homomorphism
Another graph-theoretic result of Chvátal was the 1970 constru |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynkin%20index | In mathematics, the Dynkin index of a finite-dimensional highest-weight representation of a compact simple Lie algebra with highest weight is defined by
where is the 'defining representation', which is most often taken to be the fundamental representation if the Lie algebra under consideration is a matrix Lie algebra.
The notation is the trace form on the representation . By Schur's lemma, since the trace forms are all invariant forms, they are related by constants, so the index is well-defined.
Since the trace forms are bilinear forms, we can take traces to obtain
where the Weyl vector
is equal to half of the sum of all the positive roots of . The expression is the value of the quadratic Casimir in the representation . The index is always a positive integer.
In the particular case where is the highest root, so that is the adjoint representation, the Dynkin index is equal to the dual Coxeter number.
See also
Killing form
References
Philippe Di Francesco, Pierre Mathieu, David Sénéchal, Conformal Field Theory, 1997 Springer-Verlag New York,
Representation theory of Lie algebras |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periodic%20continued%20fraction | In mathematics, an infinite periodic continued fraction is a continued fraction that can be placed in the form
where the initial block of k + 1 partial denominators is followed by a block [ak+1, ak+2,...ak+m] of partial denominators that repeats ad infinitum. For example, can be expanded to a periodic continued fraction, namely as [1,2,2,2,...].
The partial denominators {ai} can in general be any real or complex numbers. That general case is treated in the article convergence problem. The remainder of this article is devoted to the subject of simple continued fractions that are also periodic. In other words, the remainder of this article assumes that all the partial denominators ai (i ≥ 1) are positive integers.
Purely periodic and periodic fractions
Since all the partial numerators in a regular continued fraction are equal to unity we can adopt a shorthand notation in which the continued fraction shown above is written as
where, in the second line, a vinculum marks the repeating block. Some textbooks use the notation
where the repeating block is indicated by dots over its first and last terms.
If the initial non-repeating block is not present – that is, if k = -1, a0 = am and
the regular continued fraction x is said to be purely periodic. For example, the regular continued fraction for the golden ratio φ – given by [1; 1, 1, 1, ...] – is purely periodic, while the regular continued fraction for the square root of two – [1; 2, 2, 2, ...] – is periodic, but not purely |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle%20physics%20in%20cosmology | Particle physics is the study of the interactions of elementary particles at high energies, whilst physical cosmology studies the universe as a single physical entity. The interface between these two fields is sometimes referred to as particle cosmology. Particle physics must be taken into account in cosmological models of the early universe, when the average energy density was very high. The processes of particle pair production, scattering and decay influence the cosmology.
As a rough approximation, a particle scattering or decay process is important at a particular cosmological epoch if its time scale is shorter than or similar to the time scale of the universe's expansion. The latter quantity is where is the time-dependent Hubble parameter. This is roughly equal to the age of the universe at that time.
For example, the pion has a mean lifetime to decay of about 26 nanoseconds. This means that particle physics processes involving pion decay can be neglected until roughly that much time has passed since the Big Bang.
Cosmological observations of phenomena such as the cosmic microwave background and the cosmic abundance of elements, together with the predictions of the Standard Model of particle physics, place constraints on the physical conditions in the early universe. The success of the Standard Model at explaining these observations support its validity under conditions beyond those which can be produced in a laboratory. Conversely, phenomena discovered through cosm |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lie%27s%20third%20theorem | In the mathematics of Lie theory, Lie's third theorem states that every finite-dimensional Lie algebra over the real numbers is associated to a Lie group . The theorem is part of the Lie group–Lie algebra correspondence.
Historically, the third theorem referred to a different but related result. The two preceding theorems of Sophus Lie, restated in modern language, relate to the infinitesimal transformations of a group action on a smooth manifold. The third theorem on the list stated the Jacobi identity for the infinitesimal transformations of a local Lie group. Conversely, in the presence of a Lie algebra of vector fields, integration gives a local Lie group action. The result now known as the third theorem provides an intrinsic and global converse to the original theorem.
Historical notes
The equivalence between the category of simply connected real Lie groups and finite-dimensional real Lie algebras is usually called (in the literature of the second half of 20th century) Cartan's or the Cartan-Lie theorem as it was proved by Élie Cartan. Sophus Lie had previously proved the infinitesimal version: local solvability of the Maurer-Cartan equation, or the equivalence between the category of finite-dimensional Lie algebras and the category of local Lie groups.
Lie listed his results as three direct and three converse theorems. The infinitesimal variant of Cartan's theorem was essentially Lie's third converse theorem. In an influential book Jean-Pierre Serre called it the t |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterobacter%20cloacae | Enterobacter cloacae is a clinically significant Gram-negative, facultatively-anaerobic, rod-shaped bacterium.
Microbiology
In microbiology laboratories, E. cloacae is frequently grown at 30 °C on nutrient agar or at 35 °C in tryptic soy broth. It is a rod-shaped, Gram-negative bacterium, is facultatively anaerobic, and bears peritrichous flagella. It is oxidase-negative and catalase-positive.
Industrial use
Enterobacter cloacae has been used in a bioreactor-based method for the biodegradation of explosives and in the biological control of plant diseases. Enterobacter cloacae strain MBB8 isolated from the Gulf of Mannar, India was reported to degrade poly vinyl alcohol (PVA). This was the first report of a PVA degrader from the Enterobacter genus. E. cloacae was also reported to produce exopolysaccharide (EPS) as high as 18.3g/L. GC-MS analysis of E. cloacae EPS showed the presence of glucose and mannose in the molar ratio of 1: 1.5e−2.
Enterobacter cloacae subsp. cloacae strain PR-4 was isolated and identified by 16S rDNA gene sequence with phylogenetic tree view from explosive-laden soil by P. Ravikumar (GenBank accession number KP261383).
E. cloacae SG208 identified as a predominant microorganism in mixed culture isolated from petrochemical sludge (IOCL, Guwahati) responsible for degradation of benzene was reported by Padhi and Gokhale (2016).
Safety
Enterobacter cloacae is considered a biosafety level 1 organism in the United States and level 2 in Canada.
Genomics
A |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martha%20Siegel | Martha Jochnowitz Siegel is an American applied mathematician, probability theorist and mathematics educator who served as the editor of Mathematics Magazine from 1991 to 1996. In 2017 she won the Yueh-Gin Gung and Dr. Charles Y. Hu Award for Distinguished Service of the Mathematical Association of America for "her remarkable leadership in guiding the national conversation on undergraduate mathematics curriculum". She was a faculty member in the mathematics department of Towson University from 1971 until 2015, when she became a professor emerita.
Education and career
Siegel grew up in Brooklyn, the daughter of civil engineer Nat Jochnowitz. She became interested in mathematics through her father's interest in mathematical puzzles, and through the calculation of baseball statistics for the Brooklyn Dodgers. She did her undergraduate studies in mathematics at Russell Sage College, a small women's college in Troy, New York, while also taking classes at the nearby men-only Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, as at that time Russell Sage had no mathematics department. At Russell Sage, she was a Kellas honor student, and president of the science club. She completed her Ph.D. in 1969 at the University of Rochester; her dissertation, On Birth and Death Processes, was supervised by Johannes Kemperman. During graduate school and until her 1971 move to Towson, she was on the faculty at Goucher College.
Contributions
At Towson, in 1981, Siegel founded an innovative and still-ongoing unde |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neopentyllithium | Neopentyllithium is an organolithium compound with the chemical formula C5H11Li. Commercially available, it is a strong, non-nucleophilic base sometimes encountered in organometallic chemistry.
Further reading
Organolithium compounds
Non-nucleophilic bases
Neopentyl compounds |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Littlemoss%20High%20School | Littlemoss High School for Boys was a comprehensive school in Littlemoss, Droylsden, Tameside, England. It merged with Droylsden High School, Mathematics and Computing College for Girls in September 2009 to become Droylsden Academy.
Prior to the merger it educated about 550 boys and held specialist Business and Enterprise College status.
Academic standards
The school was under special measures from March 1998 until July 2002.
After their March 2004 inspection Ofsted reported that "This is a good, effective school that has been very successful in improving the areas of weakness identified in the previous report. Very good leadership, together with the significant improvements in teaching and learning and in pupils’ behaviour, has improved standards overall, although standards are still below average." They rated the school Good, point three on a seven-point scale.
Awards and mentions
Schools Achievement Award and Sportsmark in 2002.
Mentioned in Parliament as a member of the Peacemaker Consultation Programme.
Notable teachers
Sarah Joynes was awarded a distinction in the North West Guardian Award for Teacher of the Year in a Secondary School in 2007.
Woodwork teacher Harry "Bulldog" Johnson achieved national fame in 1979 when he won the jackpot on Littlewoods Pools, receiving a prize of over £750,000. He planned to retire at the end of the school term but died of a heart attack just a few weeks after his win.
In July 2008, Science teacher Chris Hilton disappeared on h |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C.%20Arden%20Pope | C. Arden Pope III (born c. 1954) is an American professor of economics at Brigham Young University and one of the world's foremost experts in environmental science. He received his B.S. from Brigham Young University (BYU) in 1978 and his Ph.D. in economics and statistics from Iowa State University in 1981. Although his research includes many papers on topics in the fields in which he was trained—environmental economics, resource economics, and agricultural economics—he is better known for his cross-disciplinary work in environmental epidemiology and public health. He is world-renowned for his seminal work on the effects of particulate air pollution on mortality and health. His articles have helped establish the connection between air pollution and health problems, including cancer, cardiovascular, and pulmonary disease. These research findings have influenced environmental policy in the United States and Europe, contributing to the establishment of emission standards for particulate matter pollution.
Air pollution research
Early in Pope's career he published a paper that made him an academic cornerstone of environmental science and policy called "Respiratory hospital admissions associated with PM10 pollution in Utah, Salt Lake, and Cache Valleys". In Utah Valley, the Geneva Steel Mill generated large quantities of particulate matter, a byproduct of fossil fuel consumption. The mill was shut down temporarily in 1986-87 as U.S. Steel sold the facility to new ownership. Pope c |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Physics%20of%20Superheroes | The Physics of Superheroes is a popular science book by physics professor and long-time comic-book fan James Kakalios. First published in 2005, it explores the basic laws of physics. Kakalios does not set out to show where the world of superheroes contradicts modern science, granting the heroes one or more "miracle exceptions" from natural law. Instead, he focuses on examples of comic book scenes that can be used to understand the diverse laws of physics from an unusual angle, such as Gwen Stacy's death and Ant-Man's ability to punch his way out of a paper bag. Kakalios relates these elements of comic books to principles of physics, such as levers and torque, and in this way covers diverse topics, from mechanics to the quantum world.
See also
The Physics of Star Trek
External links
The Physics of Superheroes webpage
Popular physics books
Gotham Books books
2005 non-fiction books |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark%20Seidenfeld | Mark B. Seidenfeld is an American legal academic who is known for his contributions to American administrative law. He is the Patricia A. Dore Professor of Administrative Law at the Florida State University College of Law.
Education
Seidenfeld earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in physics from Reed College, a Master of Arts in applied physics from Brandeis University, and a Juris Doctor from Stanford Law School.
Career
Seidenfeld began his career as research physicist and engineer at Intel, After graduating from law school, he served as a law clerk for Judge Patricia Wald and as assistant counsel for the New York Public Service Commission.
Seidenfeld's work focuses on the relationship of administrative law doctrine, especially judicial review of agency action, to the structure of the administrative state. He is also known for proposing civic republicanism as a justification for the administrative state.
Seidenfeld teaches administrative law, Constitutional Law I (Structure of Government), and a required first year course on legislation and regulation. He has also taught numerous courses on particular areas of federal regulation, as well as courses on law and economics.
In addition to his publications on how administrative law doctrine relates to institutional behavior and agency accountability, he is the author of Microeconomic Predicates to Law and Economics (Anderson Pub. Co., 1996).
References
American legal scholars
Florida State University faculty
Living people
Y |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karen%20Kavanagh | Karen L. Kavanagh is a professor of physics at Simon Fraser University in Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada, where she heads the Kavanagh Lab, a research lab working on semiconductor nanoscience.
Education
Kavanagh obtained a BSc in Chemical-Physics from Queen's University in 1978, followed by 3 years at Bell Northern Research in Ottawa in their Advanced Technology Laboratory. She received her PhD in Materials Science and Engineering in 1987 at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York.
Career
After post doctoral work at IBM and MIT, Kavanagh accepted a faculty position in the Electrical and Computer Engineering Dept. at the University of California, San Diego. She has been at Simon Fraser University since 2000.
Her main field of interest is electronic materials science – studying the effects of defects on the properties of semiconductor materials and devices. She has worked on strain relaxation in lattice-mismatched semiconductor heterostructures, diffusion barriers and electrical contacts for silicon and III-V semiconductor based devices, epitaxial growth and nucleation, and electron transport through thin films and interfaces. Her work on characterization tools including electron microscopy, Rutherford backscattering, x-ray diffraction, and scanning probe microscopy.
She is a Fellow of the Institute of Physics and is the author of over 200 journal papers and conference proceedings, as shown on ORCID.
Awards
Vancouver YWCA Women of Distinction Award (2006)
NSERC Universit |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SunPower | SunPower Corporation is an American provider of photovoltaic solar energy generation systems and battery energy storage products, primarily for residential customers. The company, headquartered in San Jose, California, was founded in 1985 by Richard Swanson, an electrical engineering professor from Stanford University. Cypress Semiconductor bought a majority interest in the company in 2002, growing it quickly until SunPower went public in 2005. TotalEnergies, a French energy and oil company purchased a controlling interest in SunPower for billion in 2011.
The company previously developed and manufactured photovoltaic panels, before spinning off that part of its business in 2020 as Maxeon Solar Technologies. The company had also previously marketed its products to commercial and industrial customers before agreeing to sell that business line to TotalEnergies in February 2022.
History
Early history
SunPower was founded on April 24, 1985, by Richard Swanson, who was a Stanford University professor focused on electrical engineering. Swanson studied solar power efficiency in the Stanford Electronics Laboratory with funding from research grants. After breaking a record for solar power efficiency in lab conditions, he took a sabbatical to start SunPower and commercialize the technology. Initially, the company was called Eos and was funded with $2,000 in savings between Swanson and his friend Richard Crane. In 1989, Robert Lorenzini invested in the company, became its chairman, |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard%20E.%20Pattis | Richard Eric Pattis is an American professor emeritus at the University of California, Irvine's Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences, where he taught introductory programming and data structures.
He is the author of the Karel programming language, and published Karel the Robot: A gentle introduction to the art of programming.
Pattis has been a professor of computer science at Carnegie Mellon University and the University of Washington. He holds a master's degree from Stanford University.
References
External links
Living people
University of California, Irvine faculty
Computer science educators
Year of birth missing (living people) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viktor%20Luferov | Viktor Arkhipovich Luferov (Russian: Виктор Архипович Луферов; May 20, 1945 – March 1, 2010) was a Russian singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, poet, and performer. His songs were examples of the Russian music genre author song.
Life
Victor Luferov was born May 20, 1945, in Moscow. He studied at the Moscow Engineering Physics Institute and graduated from Gnessin State Musical College and Moscow Veterinary Academy. He worked as a laboratory assistant, billposter, janitor and fireman.
In the late 1960s, he founded and headed the music ensemble "Osenebri" which existed from 1967 to 1970. In February 1985, he founded the Theater of Song "Perekryostok" (The Crossroads), which nurtured and encouraged many emerging singers. It lasted until 2003 when it was closed for financial reasons. Luferov was a member of the creative association "First Circle" (which at various times included Yury Lores, Alexander Mirzayan, Vladimir Berezhkov, and Mikhail Kochetkov) and the Association of Russian Bards. He published seven CDs, four of them in the author's seven-disc anthology titled Every hunter wants to know... (Каждый охотник желает знать...).
Viktor Luferov was interested in ethnographic folklore, which reverberated in his musical creations.
He died of lymphoma on March 1, 2010, and was buried at the Florus and Laurus Church in the village of Yam in Domodedovsky District, Moscow Oblast.
References
Links
Facebook discussion page dedicated to Viktor Luferov
Viktor Luferov at webs |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregory%20S.%20Boebinger | Gregory Scott Boebinger was the director of the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory in Tallahassee, Florida, and is currently a professor of physics at Florida State University.
Biography
Boebinger was born June 29, 1959, in Cincinnati, Ohio, one of four sons of a minister and an elementary school teacher. He is a 1977 graduate of North Central High School in Indianapolis. He married his high-school sweetheart; they have three children.
He simultaneously earned three bachelor's degrees - in physics, philosophy, and electrical engineering - from Purdue University in 1981. With a Churchill Scholarship, he traveled to the Cambridge University for one year of research under Professor Sir Richard Friend, studying the temperature-dependent structural changes in one-dimensional organic superconductors.
His 1986 doctorate in physics came from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. There, he held Compton and Hertz Foundation fellowships. His work involved experiments with high-powered magnets at the MIT Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory, and it was there he became a graduate assistant for two scientists who would later win the 1998 Nobel Prize in Physics: Horst Ludwig Störmer, then of Bell Laboratories, and Daniel Tsui, then a professor at Princeton University. His thesis research utilized high magnetic fields and ultra-low temperatures to study fractional quantum Hall effect. He spent a year as a NATO Postdoctoral Fellow in Paris at the Ecole Normale Supérieure studying ot |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan%20G.%20Marshall | Alan G. Marshall is an American analytical chemist who has devoted his scientific career to developing a scientific technique known as Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometry, which he co-invented.
He was born in Bluffton, Ohio, in 1944, and earned his bachelor's in chemistry from Northwestern University (1965) and Ph.D. in chemistry from Stanford University (1970). His first academic appointment was at the University of British Columbia. In 1980, he moved to the Ohio State University where he remained until 1993.
He is the Robert O. Lawton Professor of Chemistry and Biochemistry at Florida State University and director of the Ion Cyclotron Resonance Program at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory.
He is a fellow of the American Chemical Society, American Physical Society, and the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and has received numerous awards, including the 2000 Thomson Medal given by the International Mass Spectrometry Foundation; the 2007 Chemical Pioneer Award, given by the American Institute of Chemists; the 2012 William H. Nichols Medal, given by the New York Section of the American Chemical Society; and the 2012 Pittsburgh Analytical Chemistry Award, given by the Society for Analytical Chemists of Pittsburgh.
See also
Petroleomics
External links
Florida State University faculty profile
National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Profile
Florida State University faculty
21st-century American chemists
Living |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Larbalestier | David C. Larbalestier is an American scientist who has contributed to research in superconducting materials for magnets and power applications. He is currently a Professor of Mechanical Engineering and a member of the Applied Superconductivity Center at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory at Florida State University. He also holds emeritus status in the Materials Science and Engineering department at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, which was his academic home until 2006.
He was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 2003 for advancing our understanding of the materials science of high-field superconductors and for developing processing techniques that incorporate this knowledge. He is a fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering.
His materials research interests include improving superconducting properties of many materials, including NbTi, Nb3Sn, MgB2, YBCO, and BSCCO.
Awards and honors
Fellow of the American Physical Society (1990)
Member, National Academy of Engineering (2003)
The International Cryogenics Materials Conference Lifetime Achievement Award (2007)
References
External links
National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Profile
Applied Superconductivity Center
Florida State University
University of Wisconsin–Madison
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Alumni of Imperial College London
Fellows of the Institute of Physics
Florida State University faculty
University of Wisconsin–Madison faculty
American materials |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alteromonas | Alteromonas is a genus of Pseudomonadota found in sea water, either in the open ocean or in the coast. It is Gram-negative. Its cells are curved rods with a single polar flagellum.
Etymology
The etymology of the genus is Latin alter -tera -terum, another, different; monas (μονάς), a noun with a special meaning in microbiology used to mean unicellular organism; to give Alteromonas, another monad
Members of the genus Alteromonas can be referred to as alteromonads (viz. Trivialisation of names).
Authority
The genus was described by Baumann et al. in 1972, but was emended by Novick and Tyler 1985 to accommodate Alteromonas luteoviolacea (now Pseudoalteromonas luteoviolacea), Gauthier et al. 1995, who split the genus in two (Pseudoalteromonas) and Van Trappen et al. in 2004 to accommodate Alteromonas stellipolaris.
Species
The genus contains eight species (but 21 basonyms), namely
A. addita (Ivanova et al. 2005, added, joined to the genus)
A. genovensis ( Vandecandelaere et al. 2008, genovensis, pertaining to Genova (Genoa), Italy, where the seawater electroactive biofilms originated)
A. hispanica ( Martínez-Checa et 'al. 2005, hispanica, Spanish)
A. litorea ( Yoon et al.. 2004, litorea, of the shore)
A. macleodii ( Baumann et al. 1972 (type species of the genus, named after R.A. MacLeod, a Canadian microbiologist who pioneered studies on the biochemical bases of the Na+ requirement of marine bacteria)
A. marina ( Yoon et al.. 2003, marina, of the sea, marine)
A. simi |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integer%20factorization%20records | Integer factorization is the process of determining which prime numbers divide a given positive integer. Doing this quickly has applications in cryptography. The difficulty depends on both the size and form of the number and its prime factors; it is currently very difficult to factorize large semiprimes (and, indeed, most numbers that have no small factors).
Numbers of a general form
The first enormous distributed factorisation was RSA-129, a 129-digit challenge number described in the Scientific American article of 1977 which first popularised the RSA cryptosystem. It was factorised between September 1993 and April 1994, using MPQS, with relations contributed by about 600 people through the internet, and the final stages of the calculation performed on a MasPar supercomputer at Bell Labs.
Between January and August 1999, RSA-155, a 155-digit challenge number prepared by the RSA company, was factorised using GNFS with relations again contributed by a large group, and the final stages of the calculation performed in just over nine days on the Cray C916 supercomputer at the SARA Amsterdam Academic Computer Center.
In January 2002, Franke et al. announced the factorisation of a 158-digit cofactor of 2953 + 1, using a couple of months on about 25 PCs at the University of Bonn, with the final stages done using a cluster of six Pentium-III PCs.
In April 2003, the same team factored the 160-digit RSA-160 using about a hundred CPUs at BSI, with the final stages of the calculati |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dean%20Falk | Dean Falk (born June 25, 1944) is an American academic neuroanthropologist who specializes in the evolution of the brain and cognition in higher primates. She is the Hale G. Smith Professor of Anthropology and a Distinguished Research Professor at Florida State University.
Career
As an undergraduate, Falk studied mathematics and anthropology. Since receiving her PhD from the University of Michigan in 1976, she has taught courses in anatomy, neuroanatomy, and anthropology. Falk is interested in the evolution of the brain and cognition. She formulated the “radiator theory” that cranial blood vessels were important for hominin brain evolution, and the “putting the baby down” hypothesis that prehistoric mothers and infants facilitated the emergence of language.
She and colleagues described the brain of Homo floresiensis ("Hobbit") in 2005. In 2013, Falk and colleagues described the cerebral cortex of Albert Einstein from recently emerged photographs of his whole brain. In 2017, Falk coauthored a study with Charles Hildebolt on warfare in small-scale and state societies, which found that people are no less violent today than they were in the past. Falk coauthored a 2018 book on Asperger's syndrome with her 24-year-old granddaughter who has Asperger's, and, in 2019, published a refutation of the allegation that Hans Asperger was a Nazi sympathizer. This was in turn refuted by the original author, Herwig Czech, who opined that Falk's paper abounded "with mistranslations, misrep |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hertha%20Wambacher | Hertha Wambacher (9 March 1903 – 25 April 1950) was an Austrian physicist.
Education
After having obtained the general certificate of education from the girls' high school run by the Association for the Extended Education of Women in 1922, she studied first chemistry, then physics at the University of Vienna.
Work with Marietta Blau
Wambacher's dissertation at the 2nd Physics Institute was supervised by Marietta Blau, with whom Wambacher continued to collaborate also after her Ph.D. graduation in 1932. The cooperation of the two women referred to the photographic method of detecting ionizing particles.
For their methodical studies at the Institute for Radium Research of the Austrian Academy of Sciences in Vienna, Blau and Wambacher received the Lieben Prize of the Austrian Academy of Sciences in 1937. Also in 1937, Blau and Wambacher jointly discovered "disintegration stars" in photographic plates that had been exposed to cosmic radiation at an altitude of, 2300 m above sea level. These stars are the patterns of particle tracks from nuclear reactions (spallation events) of cosmic-ray particles with nuclei of the photographic emulsion.
Academic career and further research
After Blau had to leave Austria in 1938, Hertha Wambacher continued working on the identification of particles from nuclear reactions of cosmic rays with the emulsion constituents. With this work, she obtained her university teaching certification in 1940. She taught classes at the University of Vienna.
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas%20Joiner | Thomas Joiner is an American academic psychologist and leading expert on suicide. He is the Robert O. Lawton Professor of Psychology at Florida State University, where he operates his Laboratory for the Study of the Psychology and Neurobiology of Mood Disorders, Suicide, and Related Conditions. He is author of Why People Die by Suicide (Harvard University Press 2005) and Myths about Suicide (Harvard University Press 2010), and the current editor-in-chief of Suicide and Life Threatening Behavior.
In Why People Die by Suicide, Joiner posits the interpersonal theory of suicide, a three-part explanation of suicide which focuses on ability and desire. The desire to die by suicide comes from a sense of disconnection from others and lack of belonging, combined with a belief that one is a burden on others. The ability to die by suicide comes from a gradual desensitization to violence and a decreased fear of pain, combined with technical competence in one or more suicide methods. Under this model, a combination of desire and ability will precede most serious suicide attempts.
Joiner holds a Ph.D. from the University of Texas at Austin.
In 2023, Joiner appeared on the history-centered podcast, Out of the Box with Jonathan Russo.
References
External links
Myths about Suicide, from Harvard University Press
Florida State University faculty profile
Lab Webpage
Living people
University of Texas at Austin alumni
Florida State University faculty
21st-century American psychologists
19 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rathayibacter | Rathayibacter is a genus of bacteria of the order Actinomycetales which are gram-positive soil organisms.
References
Microbacteriaceae
Soil biology
Bacteria genera |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rathayibacter%20tritici | Rathayibacter tritici is a Gram-positive soil bacterium. It is a plant pathogen and causes spike blight in wheat.
References
External links
Type strain of Rathayibacter tritici at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase
Microbacteriaceae
Soil biology
Bacteria described in 1982 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nurul%20Huq%20Bhuiyan | Nurul Haque Bhuiyan was a Bengali activist.
Career
Bhuiyan was a professor of Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry at the University of Dhaka during 1946–1994. He was a senior leader of the Tamaddun Majlish and the first convener of the Rastrabhasa Sangram Parishad during the Language Movement. He was the founder Provost of Sir A F Rahman Hall of the University of Dhaka. He was the first convenor of Language Movement during October 1947 - February 1948.
References
Living people
Bangladeshi politicians
Bengali language activists
Academic staff of the University of Dhaka
Year of birth missing (living people) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curtobacterium | Curtobacterium is a genus of bacteria of the order Actinomycetales. They are Gram-positive soil organisms.
An analysis of Curtobacterium sequences from around the globe revealed the genus to be a cosmopolitan terrestrial taxon, with isolates derived primarily from plant and soil habitat.
References
Microbacteriaceae
Soil biology
Bacteria genera |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OBIX | oBIX (for Open Building Information Exchange) is a standard for RESTful Web Services-based interfaces to building control systems. oBIX is about reading and writing data over a network of devices using XML and URIs, within a framework specifically designed for building automation.
Building control systems include those electrical and mechanical systems that operate inside a building, including Heating and Cooling (HVAC), Security, Power Management, and Life/Safety Alarms that are in nearly all buildings as well as the myriad of special purpose systems that may be tied to particular buildings such as A/V Event Management, Theatre Lighting, Medical Gas Distribution, Fume Hoods, and many others.
oBIX is a web services interface because it does not necessarily allow deep interactions with the underlying control systems. This interface can enable communications between enterprise applications and embedded building systems as well as between two embedded building systems. Facilities and their operations to be managed as full participants in knowledge-based businesses.
oBIX is being developed within OASIS, the Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards. Version 1.0 was completed as a committee standard in December 2006.
Background
Presently most mechanical and electrical systems are provided with embedded digital controls (DDC). Most of these devices are low cost and not enabled for TCP/IP. They are installed with dedicated communications wiring. Larg |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%20A.%20Holton | Robert A. Holton (born 1944) is an American academic chemist who is known for his work regarding the chemical synthesis for Taxol (known as the Holton Taxol total synthesis), a widely utilized and highly effective anti-cancer drug. He is a Professor of Chemistry at Florida State University.
Dr. Holton’s research group has accomplished the total synthesis of several natural products. Most notable are prostaglandin F2α, narwedine, aphidicolin, taxusin, Taxol and hemibrevetoxin B.
Dr. Holton also serves as Chief Scientific Officer, a member of the Board of Directors and co-founder of Taxolog, Inc., as well as President and founder of MDS Research Foundation and Syncure, Inc.
Education
Bachelors from the University of North Carolina
Doctorate from Florida State University
See also
Paclitaxel total synthesis
References
External links
Florida State University faculty profile
Taxolog profile
Florida State University faculty
Florida State University alumni
Living people
1944 births |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timothy%20A.%20Cross | Timothy A. Cross is an American academic chemist who specializes in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, membrane and computational biophysics, and biomathematics. He is a professor of chemistry at Florida State University and the Director of the NMR Program at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory. His research focuses on the sets of proteins that are important for the pharmaceutical industry in the treatment of diseases such as the flu (Influenza A) and tuberculosis.
External links
National High Magnetic Field Laboratory faculty profile
FSU Faculty profile on Timothy Cross' research
Florida State University faculty
21st-century American chemists
Living people
Computational chemists
Year of birth missing (living people) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20M.%20Gilbert | David M. Gilbert is an American molecular biologist, known for work in DNA replication. He is an investigator at the San Diego Biomedical Research Institute. Gilbert was formerly a professor of molecular biology in the Department of Biological Science and was co-founder and a director of the Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine at Florida State University.
Education and career
Gilbert received his BA degrees in Biochemistry/Cell Biology and Philosophy from the University of California, San Diego and his PhD in Genetics from Stanford University. He did two post-doctoral training periods, first as an EMBO fellow with Pierre Chambon in Strasbourg, France, studying transcriptional control, and second as a Roche fellow with Melvin DePamphilis studying replication origin recognition.
He joined the faculty at State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University in 1994 and was appointed full professor in 2003. In 2006, he moved to Florida State University. He was elected as a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) in 2008, as well as becoming a member of the American Society of Hematology in 2013 and the International Society for Stem Cell Research in 2014. Gilbert's other awards include being named Florida State University Distinguished Research Professor (2015), the Pfeiffer Endowed Professorship for Cancer Research (2015), and the Florida State University Graduate Mentorship award (2016).
Gilbert’s work focuses on the mechan |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark%20C.%20Smith | Mark C. Smith (September 10, 1940 – March 27, 2007) was the founder and chief executive officer of ADTRAN.
Early life and education
While still in high school, Smith won a science fair at age 16 and met renowned rocket scientist Wernher Von Braun in Huntsville, Alabama. He received an electrical engineering degree from Georgia Tech in 1962.
Career
Mark C. Smith moved to Huntsville, where he founded two successful companies, the earlier being modem manufacturer Universal Data Systems in 1969. Smith went on to co-found ADTRAN in 1986 with Lonnie S. McMillian. As of 2007 the company had a market-cap of $1.7 billion. Smith retired from ADTRAN in September 2005.
Death and legacy
Mark Smith and his wife Linda were known for their philanthropic support of causes in the Huntsville area including the University of Alabama in Huntsville and the Huntsville Symphony Orchestra.
He died in 2007 due to complications from pneumonia.
References
1940 births
2007 deaths
American chief executives
Businesspeople from Birmingham, Alabama
Georgia Tech alumni
20th-century American businesspeople |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesoscopic%20physics | Mesoscopic physics is a subdiscipline of condensed matter physics that deals with materials of an intermediate size. These materials range in size between the nanoscale for a quantity of atoms (such as a molecule) and of materials measuring micrometres. The lower limit can also be defined as being the size of individual atoms. At the microscopic scale are bulk materials. Both mesoscopic and macroscopic objects contain many atoms. Whereas average properties derived from constituent materials describe macroscopic objects, as they usually obey the laws of classical mechanics, a mesoscopic object, by contrast, is affected by thermal fluctuations around the average, and its electronic behavior may require modeling at the level of quantum mechanics.
A macroscopic electronic device, when scaled down to a meso-size, starts revealing quantum mechanical properties. For example, at the macroscopic level the conductance of a wire increases continuously with its diameter. However, at the mesoscopic level, the wire's conductance is quantized: the increases occur in discrete, or individual, whole steps. During research, mesoscopic devices are constructed, measured and observed experimentally and theoretically in order to advance understanding of the physics of insulators, semiconductors, metals, and superconductors. The applied science of mesoscopic physics deals with the potential of building nanodevices.
Mesoscopic physics also addresses fundamental practical problems which occur when a |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hassan%20Jawahery | Hassan Jawahery is an Iranian-American physicist and former spokesperson for the BaBar Collaboration. He received his B.S. in Physics from Tehran University in Iran and his Ph.D. in Physics from Tufts University. He is a professor of Physics at the University of Maryland and has worked on OPAL, CLEO, BaBar, SuperB, LHCb and the PDG.
The BaBar Collaboration comprises about 600 physicists from institutions in 10 countries, and his position as its spokesman has made him internationally known. He is also an editor of the Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science.
During his spokesmanship of the BaBar Collaboration, the accelerator detected and measured the lowest energy state of the bottomonium quark family (ηb). Jawahery stated: "These results were highly sought after for over 30 years and will have an important impact on our understanding of the strong interactions."
Notes
References
http://www.slac.stanford.edu/BFROOT/
http://www.annualreviews.org/catalog/2006/ns56.aspx
http://www.physorg.com/news134923611.html
External links
Scientific publications of Hassan Jawahery on INSPIRE-HEP
Iranian physicists
Iranian expatriate academics
Iranian emigrants to the United States
University of Tehran alumni
University of Maryland, College Park faculty
Tufts University School of Arts and Sciences alumni
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
People associated with CERN |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makoto%20Kobayashi | is a Japanese physicist known for his work on CP-violation who was awarded one-fourth of the 2008 Nobel Prize in Physics "for the discovery of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature."
Early life and education
Makoto Kobayashi was born in Nagoya, Japan in 1944. When he was two years old, Kobayashi's father Hisashi died. The Kobayashi family home was destroyed by the Bombing of Nagoya, so they stayed at his mother's (surnamed Kaifu) family house. One of Makoto's cousins, Toshiki Kaifu, the 51st Prime Minister of Japan, was living in the same place. His other cousin was an astronomer, Norio Kaifu. Many years later, Toshiki Kaifu recalled Kobayashi: "when he was a child, he was a quiet and lovely boy, always reading some difficult books in my room. I think this is the beginning of his sudden change into a genius."
After graduating from the School of Science of Nagoya University in 1967, he obtained a DSc degree from the Graduate School of Science of Nagoya University in 1972. During college years, he received guidance from Shoichi Sakata and others.
Career
After completing his doctoral research at Nagoya University in 1972, Kobayashi worked as a research associate on particle physics at Kyoto University. Together, with his colleague Toshihide Maskawa, he worked on explaining CP-violation within the Standard Model of particle physics. Kobayashi and Maskawa's theory required that there were at least thre |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toshihide%20Maskawa | was a Japanese theoretical physicist known for his work on CP-violation who was awarded one quarter of the 2008 Nobel Prize in Physics "for the discovery of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature."
Early life and education
Maskawa was born in Nagoya, Japan. After World War II ended, the Maskawa family operated as a sugar wholesaler. A native of Aichi Prefecture, Toshihide Maskawa graduated from Nagoya University in 1962 and received a Ph.D. degree in particle physics from the same university in 1967. His doctoral advisor was the physicist Shoichi Sakata.
From early life Maskawa liked trivia, also studied mathematics, chemistry, linguistics and various books. In high school, he loved novels, especially detective and mystery stories and novels by Ryūnosuke Akutagawa.
Career
At Kyoto University in the early 1970s, he collaborated with Makoto Kobayashi on explaining broken symmetry (the CP violation) within the Standard Model of particle physics. Maskawa and Kobayashi's theory required that there be at least three generations of quarks, a prediction that was confirmed experimentally four years later by the discovery of the bottom quark.
Maskawa and Kobayashi's 1973 article, "CP Violation in the Renormalizable Theory of Weak Interaction", is the fourth most cited high energy physics paper of all time as of 2010. The Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix, which defines the mixing parameters between quarks was th |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International%20Journal%20of%20Mass%20Spectrometry | The International Journal of Mass Spectrometry is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects of mass spectrometry, including instrumentation and applications in biology, chemistry, geology, and physics. It was established in 1968 as the International Journal of Mass Spectrometry and Ion Physics and was renamed International Journal of Mass Spectrometry and Ion Processes in 1983, before obtaining its current title in 1998. It is published by Elsevier and the editors-in-chief are Julia Laskin (Purdue University) and Zheng Ouyang (Tsinghua University).
Abstracting and indexing
The journal is abstracted and indexed in:
Chemical Abstracts Service
Current Contents/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences
EBSCO databases
Embase
Food Science and Technology Abstracts
FRANCIS
Inspec
PASCAL
Science Citation Index Expanded
Scopus
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 1.986.
References
External links
Mass spectrometry journals
Elsevier academic journals
Monthly journals
Academic journals established in 1968
English-language journals |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesoionic%20compounds | In chemistry, mesoionic compounds are one in which a heterocyclic structure is dipolar and where both the negative and the positive charges are delocalized. A completely uncharged structure cannot be written and mesoionic compounds cannot be represented satisfactorily by any one mesomeric structure. Mesoionic compounds are a subclass of betaines. Examples are sydnones and sydnone imines (e.g. the stimulant mesocarb), münchnones, and mesoionic carbenes.
The formal positive charge is associated with the ring atoms and the formal negative charge is associated either with ring atoms or an exocyclic nitrogen or other atom. These compounds are stable zwitterionic compounds and belong to nonbenzenoid aromatics.
See also
Mesomeric betaine
References
Further reading
Heterocyclic compounds
Zwitterions |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecogenetics | Ecogenetics is a branch of genetics that studies genetic traits related to the response to environmental substances. Or, a contraction of ecological genetics, the study of the relationship between a natural population and its genetic structure.
Ecogenetics principally deals with effects of preexisting genetically-determined variability on the response to environmental agents. The word environmental is defined broadly to include the physical, chemical, biological, atmospheric, and climate agents. Ecogenetics, therefore, is an all-embracing term, and concepts such as pharmacogenetics are seen as subcomponents of ecogenetics. This work grew logically from the book entitled Pollutants and High Risk Groups (1978), which presented an overview of the various host factors i.e. age, heredity, diet, preexisting diseases, and lifestyles which affect environmentally-induced disease.
The primary intention of ecogenetics is to provide an objective and critical evaluation of the scientific literature pertaining to genetic factors and differential susceptibility to environmental agents, with particular emphasis on those agents typically considered pollutants. It is important to realize though that ones genetic makeup, while important, is but one of an array of host factors contributing to overall adaptive capacity of the individual. In many instances, it is possible for such factors to interact in ways that may enhance or offset the effect of each other.
Red blood cell conditions
There is |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coinduction | In computer science, coinduction is a technique for defining and proving properties of systems of concurrent interacting objects.
Coinduction is the mathematical dual to structural induction. Coinductively defined types are known as codata and are typically infinite data structures, such as streams.
As a definition or specification, coinduction describes how an object may be "observed", "broken down" or "destructed" into simpler objects. As a proof technique, it may be used to show that an equation is satisfied by all possible implementations of such a specification.
To generate and manipulate codata, one typically uses corecursive functions, in conjunction with lazy evaluation. Informally, rather than defining a function by pattern-matching on each of the inductive constructors, one defines each of the "destructors" or "observers" over the function result.
In programming, co-logic programming (co-LP for brevity) "is a natural generalization of logic programming and coinductive logic programming, which in turn generalizes other extensions of logic programming, such as infinite trees, lazy predicates, and concurrent communicating predicates. Co-LP has applications to rational trees, verifying infinitary properties, lazy evaluation, concurrent logic programming, model checking, bisimilarity proofs, etc." Experimental implementations of co-LP are available from the University of Texas at Dallas and in Logtalk (for examples see ) and SWI-Prolog.
Description
In a concise |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/THC-O-acetate | THC-O-acetate (THC acetate ester, O-acetyl-THC, THC-O, AcO-THC) is the acetate ester of THC. The term THC-O-acetate and its variations are commonly used for two types of the substance, dependent on which cannabinoid it is synthesized from. The difference between Δ8-THC and Δ9-THC is bond placement on the cyclohexene ring.
Physical data, chemistry, and properties
THC acetate ester (THC-O or THCOA) can be synthesized from THC, or from THCA.
The acetylation of THC does not change the properties of the compound to the same extent as with other acetate esters, as the parent compound (THC) is already highly lipophilic, but potency is nonetheless increased to some extent. While the acetate ester of Δ9-THC is the best studied, the acetate esters of other isomers, especially Δ8-THC but also Δ10-THC are also known, as are other esters such as THC-O-propionate ("PHC"), THC-O-phosphate, THC hemisuccinate, THC hemiglutarate, THC morpholinylbutyrate, THC piperidinylpropionate, and THC naphthoyl ester (THC-NE), as well as the hydrogenated derivative HHC-O-acetate.
Pharmacology
It is a metabolic pro-drug, with its subjective effects being felt around 30 minutes after ingestion.
Psychedelic claims
In a 2023 study, anecdotal claims surrounding THC-O-acetate's supposed ability to initiate psychedelic experiences were shown to not be significant. Answers using the Mystical Experience Questionnaire (MEQ) were under the threshold of a true experience, and those who had used classical psychedel |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta-ketoacyl-ACP%20synthase | In molecular biology, Beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase , is an enzyme involved in fatty acid synthesis. It typically uses malonyl-CoA as a carbon source to elongate ACP-bound acyl species, resulting in the formation of ACP-bound β-ketoacyl species such as acetoacetyl-ACP.
Beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase is a highly conserved enzyme that is found in almost all life on earth as a domain in fatty acid synthase (FAS). FAS exists in two types, aptly named type I and II. In animals, fungi, and lower eukaryotes, Beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthases make up one of the catalytic domains of larger multifunctional proteins (Type I), whereas in most prokaryotes as well as in plastids and mitochondria, Beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthases are separate protein chains that usually form dimers (Type II).
Beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase III, perhaps the most well known of this family of enzymes, catalyzes a Claisen condensation between acetyl CoA and malonyl ACP. The image below reveals how CoA fits in the active site as a substrate of synthase III.
Beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthases I and II only catalyze acyl-ACP reactions with malonyl ACP. Synthases I and II are capable of producing long-chain acyl-ACPs. Both are efficient up to acyl-ACPs with a 14 carbon chain, at which point synthase II is the more efficient choice for further carbon additions. Type I FAS catalyzes all the reactions necessary to create palmitic acid, which is a necessary function in animals for metabolic processes, one of which includes the formation of sphin |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfson%20Molecular%20Imaging%20Centre | The University of Manchester Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre (WMIC) is a purpose-built molecular imaging research facility. Based on the site of the Christie Hospital in Manchester, the Centre aims to develop clinical research and development in medical imaging in areas of oncology, neuroscience and psychiatry research.
Facilities and equipment
The centre is equipped with cyclotron and radiochemistry facilities including: a hot cell laboratory, 2 advanced high-resolution PET scanners, supporting chemical analysis laboratories and data analysis facilities. There is also a 1.5T MRI scanner in the centre.
The Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre is part of the Imaging Facilities of the University of Manchester. The Imaging Facilities also own a 3T MRI scanner at the Manchester Clinical Research Facility and in 2015 a GE SIGNA PET-MR scanner was installed at St Mary's Hospital, funded by the Medical Research Council as part of the Dementias Platform UK initiative (DPUK).
History
Detailed planning for the centre began late in 2000, following funding from the Wolfson Foundation, Cancer Research UK, the Christie Hospital Trust Charitable Fund and the University of Manchester. The centre began its programme of clinical research work in June 2006 when it performed its first clinical PET body scan on a volunteer.
In February 2020 it was announced that the radiochemistry facility at the centre would close at the end of 2020.
In 2021 part of the radiochemistry facility began to be us |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dlawer%20Ala%27Aldeen | Dlawer Ala'Aldeen (; born 1960), is the Founding President of the Middle East Research Institute, a policy-research institute, based in Arbil, Kurdistan Region of Iraq. He is a former Minister of Higher Education and Scientific Research in the Kurdistan Regional Government (2009-2012) and former professor of Medicine (Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Disease) at the University of Nottingham in the UK. His current focus is on policy research in the fields of good governance, rule of law, national security, governance reform and promotion of human rights.
Background and career
Dlawer Ala'Aldeen was born in the town of Koya Koy Sanjaq, near Arbil (Erbil), in Iraqi Kurdistan. His father (Abdul-Aziz) was a primary school teacher and author of several books published in Kurdish, including "The Life of Mohammad" and "Exegesis (Tafsir) of Quran".
Ala'Aldeen grew up in and around the city of Arbil, and studied medicine in Baghdad. He immigrated to the [United Kingdom] in 1984 where he furthered his education and specialised in infectious diseases and clinical microbiology. He studied tropical medicine at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine and trained for PhD in molecular microbiology at the MRC Clinical Research Centre, Harrow-London, UK. He was awarded MRC Research Fellowship before being appointed as a clinical academic in the Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust in 1992 and Professor of clinical microbiology in 2002. He founded the Meningococcal Researc |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedrich%20Stephan | Dr. Friedrich Karl Stephan (born 27 May 1941) is an American academic who is a circadian physiologist. He is the Curt P. Richter Distinguished Professor of Psychology & Neuroscience at Florida State University. His research focuses on localization and function of biological clocks in vertebrates, light and food as entraining signals for circadian rhythms, obesity, sleep, and reproduction. He is credited as the discoverer of the suprachiasmatic nucleus ("body clock").
External links
Florida State University faculty profile
References
Florida State University faculty
1941 births
Living people
American neuroscientists |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald%20Caspar | Donald L. D. Caspar (January 8, 1927 - November 27, 2021) was an American structural biologist (the very term he coined) known for his works on the structures of biological molecules, particularly of the tobacco mosaic virus. He was an emeritus professor of biological science at the Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, and an emeritus professor of biology at the Rosenstiel Basic Medical Sciences Research Center, Brandeis University. He has made significant scientific contributions in virus biology, X-ray, neutron and electron diffraction, and protein plasticity.
Caspar completed his BA in physics from Cornell University in 1950. He joined Yale University from where he earned his PhD in biophysics in 1955. He was supervised by Ernest C. Pollard. His thesis was on the structure of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) titled The Radial Structure of Tobacco Mosaic Virus. While waiting for his degree he worked under Max Delbrück at the California Institute of Technology as post doctoral student. He worked with James D. Watson, with whom he had close professional association throughout his career. After receiving his PhD, he went to England having been awarded a fellowship at King's College London under Rosalind Franklin and during 1955–1956 worked with her at Birkbeck College in London. Their meeting was fruitful both personally and professionally. He remained one of Franklin's closest friends during her brief lifetime. In 1956 he and Franklin published individual b |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melvin%20Stern | Melvin Ernest Stern (January 22, 1929 – February 2, 2010) was a U.S. academic oceanographer who focused on fluid dynamics. He served as the Ekman Professor of Oceanography at Florida State University and was an elected member of both the National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. Dr. Stern was the first researcher in the world to mathematically describe salt fingering, a phenomenon produced by Double diffusive convection.
Biography
Born January 22, 1929, and a native of New York City, Melvin received his B.E.E. degree in Electrical Engineering from Cooper Union in 1950; a M.S. in Physics from Illinois Tech in 1952; and a Ph.D. in Meteorology from M.I.T. in 1956.
He began his career at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution as a research assistant in Physics from 1951- 1952. On military leave to serve in the Air Force from 1952-1957, he returned to WHOI in the same position from 1957- 1964. He went on to join the faculty at the Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island in 1964 and then to Florida State University in 1987 where he was a professor for many years.
A pioneer in his field, Melvin was one of the founders of the WHOI Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (GFD) program, which he continued to attend through 2004. He returned for the program's 50th year celebration in 2008 and then again in 2009 to deliver a lecture at a special dinner for Lou Howard. He was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1998.
Melvin Stern di |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve%20Edwards%20%28physicist%29 | Steve Edwards was an American nuclear physicist and professor emeritus at Florida State University (FSU) in Tallahassee, Florida.
Education
Edwards earned B.S. and M.Sc. degrees in physics from Florida State University in 1952 and 1954, respectively. In 1960, he completed his Ph.D. from Johns Hopkins University with the thesis "EXCHANGE EFFECTS IN DIRECT REACTIONS".
Career
Edwards returned to FSU in 1960 as an assistant professor of physics, rising to professor in 1969. He remained part of the faculty in the department of physics for more than 40 years. His research focused on theoretical nuclear physics and he helped establish the newly formed FSU nuclear physics group as one of the top programs in the nation. He wrote the physics textbook "Physics: A Discovery Approach." He served as department chair from 1973 to 1979.
Edwards served as faculty senate president from 1983-1985 until he was appointed dean of the faculties (1985) and added the title of deputy provost in 1986. He served in this position until his retirement in 2003.
Steve Edwards was a colleague of Paul Dirac, a Nobel Prize-winning research professor from Florida State University.
In 2003, Edwards was awarded the James D. Westcott Distinguished Service Award by Florida State University. He was the sixth person to receive this honor.
Personal life
Steve Edwards was born June 16, 1930, and raised in Gadsden County, Florida. In 1965, he married Helen Carothers who was the daughter of Milton W. Caro |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Kasha | Michael Kasha (December 6, 1920 – June 12, 2013) was an American physical chemist and molecular spectroscopist who was one of the original founders of the Institute of Molecular Biophysics at Florida State University .
Education and early work
Born in Elizabeth, New Jersey to a family of Ukrainian immigrants, Kasha studied chemical engineering at night at the Cooper Union in New York City for two years while working full-time during the days at the Merck & Co. research facility in New Jersey. He then received a full scholarship to the University of Michigan, where he completed a bachelor's degree in chemistry. He earned his Ph.D. in chemistry from University of California at Berkeley in 1945, working with renowned physical chemist G.N. Lewis. Following postdoctoral work with Robert Mulliken, he joined the chemistry department at Florida State University as a faculty member in 1951.
Awards and honors
Kasha was a Distinguished University Research Professor at Florida State University. He was elected member to the National Academy of Sciences in 1971, the first Floridian to be so honored. He was inducted into the American Academy of Arts & Sciences (in 1963), as well as the International Academy of Quantum Molecular Science.
Important contributions
The research in his molecular spectroscopy laboratory focused on the discovery and elucidation of excitation mechanisms, with particular application to photochemical and biophysical problems. His most important achievements incl |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cover%20tree | The cover tree is a type of data structure in computer science that is specifically designed to facilitate the speed-up of a nearest neighbor search. It is a refinement of the Navigating Net data structure, and related to a variety of other data structures developed for indexing intrinsically low-dimensional data.
The tree can be thought of as a hierarchy of levels with the top level containing the root point and the bottom level containing every point in the metric space. Each level C is associated with an integer value i that decrements by one as the tree is descended. Each level C in the cover tree has three important properties:
Nesting:
Covering: For every point , there exists a point such that the distance from to is less than or equal to and exactly one such is a parent of .
Separation: For all points , the distance from to is greater than .
Complexity
Find
Like other metric trees the cover tree allows for nearest neighbor searches in where is a constant associated with the dimensionality of the dataset and n is the cardinality. To compare, a basic linear search requires , which is a much worse dependence on . However, in high-dimensional metric spaces the constant is non-trivial, which means it cannot be ignored in complexity analysis. Unlike other metric trees, the cover tree has a theoretical bound on its constant that is based on the dataset's expansion constant or doubling constant (in the case of approximate NN retrieval). The bound on search |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shlomi | Shlomi or Shelomi can refer to:
Shlomi, Israel, a town in Israel
Shlomi (Hebrew name), the Hebrew first name, "שלומי" or "שלמי"
Shlomi Arbeitman, Israeli professional footballer
Shlomi Dolev, Israeli computer science professor
Shlomi Eyal, Israeli Olympic fencer
Shlomi Haimy, Israeli Olympic mountain cyclist
Shlomi Harush (born 1987), Israeli basketball player
Shlomi Shabat, Israeli singer
Vince Offer (born Offer Shlomi; 1964), Israeli-American infomercial pitchman known as "The ShamWow Guy"
Bonjour Monsieur Shlomi, Israeli film |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephan%20von%20Moln%C3%A1r | Dr. Stephan von Molnár (June 26, 1935 – November 17, 2020) was an American academic physicist. He served as Professor of Physics at Florida State University and Director of MARTECH (Center for Materials Research and Technology). He was a recipient of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation Senior U.S. Scientist Award.
His materials expertise centers on rare earth metals and alloys, transition metal based diluted magnetic semiconductors, and the perovskite type HiTc and CMR compounds. As part of his research on the magnetic nano-particles, he had collaborated in the development of a novel Hall gradiometer for their magnetic characterization. His innovations in nano-magnetic particles have been applied in such areas as storage technologies and magnetic sensing devices.
Before joining the Florida State University faculty, he served on the Research Staff of the IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, where he held various management positions.
von Molnár died on November 17, 2020.
References
External links
Florida State University faculty profile
The Stephan von Molnár Story (IBM Video)
Profile from FSU Research Magazine
MARTECH
1935 births
2020 deaths
American materials scientists
Florida State University faculty |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luciano%20Maiani | Luciano Maiani (born 16 July 1941, in Rome) is a Sammarinese physicist best known for his prediction of the charm quark with Sheldon Glashow and John Iliopoulos (the "GIM mechanism").
Academic history
In 1964 Luciano Maiani received his degree in physics and he became a research associate at the Istituto Superiore di Sanità in Italy. During that same year he collaborated with Raoul Gatto's theoretical physics group at the University of Florence. He crossed the Atlantic in 1969 to do a post-doctoral fellowship at Harvard's Lyman Laboratory of Physics. In 1976 Maiani became a professor of theoretical physics at the University of Rome, however he traveled widely during this period, holding visiting professorships at the Ecole Normale Supérieure of Paris (1977) and CERN (1979–1980 and 1985–1986). Maiani also took an interest in the direction of particle physics research start on CERN's Scientific Policy Committee from 1984 to 1991. Then, in 1993, he became president of Italy's Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN). From 1993 to 1996 Maiani served as a scientific delegate in CERN council and then as that council's president in 1997. Thereafter he became director general of CERN, serving from 1 January 1999 through the end of 2003. From 1995 to 1997 Maiani chaired the Italian Comitato Tecnico Scientifico, Fondo Ricerca Applicata. At the end of 2007 he was proposed as president of Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, but his nomination was suspended temporally after he signed |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per%20Arne%20Rikvold | Per Arne Rikvold (born 4 October 1948 in Norway) is an academic physicist specializing in materials science, condensed-matter physics and computational science.
He took the cand.real. degree at the University of Oslo in 1976 and the PhD at Temple University in 1983. He is James G. Skofronick Professor of Physics at Florida State University, where is affiliated with the Center for Materials Research and Technology (MARTECH), the School of Computational Science, and the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory.
He is an elected fellow of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters and of the American Physical Society.
References
1948 births
Living people
Norwegian physicists
Norwegian materials scientists
Norwegian emigrants to the United States
University of Oslo alumni
Temple University alumni
Florida State University faculty
Members of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters
Fellows of the American Physical Society
Computational physicists |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois%20Jacquier | François Jacquier (7 June 1711 at Vitry-le-François – 3 July 1788 at Rome) was a French Franciscan mathematician and physicist.
Life
His early education was entrusted to an ecclesiastic, who recognized in him an inclination to science and mathematics. When sixteen years old, François, entered the Order of Friars Minor, and after profession was sent to Rome, to complete his studies in the French convent of the order, Trinità dei Monti. With the permission of his superiors he specialized in mathematics, and at the same time studied the ancient languages. He became proficient in Hebrew, and spoke Greek as though it were his mother-tongue.
His learning gained for him the patronage of Cardinal Alberoni and Cardinal Portocarrero. He accompanied Cardinal Alberoni on his legation to Ravenna, and was appointed to inspect the work begun by Eustachio Manfredi to prevent the repeated floods of that territory. On his return he was given the chair of Sacred Scripture at the College of the Propaganda, and was also detailed by the general chapter of the Friars Minors, assembled at Marseilles, to work upon the annals of the order.
The King of Sardinia named him professor of physics at the University of Turin in 1745, but Cardinal Valenti, prime minister of Pope Benedict XIV had him assigned to the chair of experimental physics at the Roman College. Here he was in demand for consultation on scientific matters.
In 1763 he was appointed instructor in physics and mathematics to the young Pri |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amir%20Attaran | Amir Attaran () is a Canadian professor in both the Faculty of Law and the School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Community Medicine at the University of Ottawa.
Early life and education
Attaran was born in California to immigrants from Iran. He attended public schools in the Sacramento area.
Attaran earned a B.A. in neuroscience from the University of California at Berkeley, after which he worked in the x-ray crystallography laboratory of Professor Robert Stroud at the University of California at San Francisco on a project to determine the 3-D structure of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor.
Attaran received a predoctoral fellowship from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute for graduate studies in the biomedical sciences, leading to degrees from Caltech (M.S., 1992) and Oxford University (D.Phil., 1996). At Oxford, he matriculated to Wadham College and studied under Professor David Shotton of the Department of Zoology and Professor Alain Townsend of the Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine. His doctoral thesis examined how killer T-cells modify themselves structurally in response to viral infections as a precursor to granulocyte- and apoptosis-mediated cytotoxicity, and is entitled CTL Cytotoxicity and the Cytoskeleton: A Microscopial Study.
While at Oxford pursuing his science doctorate, Attaran simultaneously enrolled in law school at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver. He graduated with an LL.B., was called to the bar in 1999, and has been a bar |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intermediate%20General%20Circulation%20Model | The Reading Intermediate General Circulation Model (IGCM), is a simplified or "intermediate" Global climate model, which is developed by members of the Department of Meteorology at the University of Reading, and by members of the Stratospheric Dynamics and Chemistry Group of the Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences at McGill University.
The IGCM is based on the primitive-equations baroclinic model of Hoskins and Simmons, which has been converted to run on workstations. Several variations have been developed by adjusting representations of the physics.
IGCM1: Portable version of the original spectral, dry baroclinic model formulated in sigma-levels, with an option for Newtonian relaxation and Rayleigh friction, with no surface.
IGCM2: Includes simplified moist parameterisations, a cheap "radiation scheme" (i.e. constant tropospheric cooling), a bulk formulation scheme for the boundary layer, fixed surface temperatures and humidity, uniform vertical diffusion, and can advect tracers.
IGCM3x: Intermediate climate model that includes more sophisticated moisture/clouds parameterisations, a radiation scheme with various gas absorbers and a more realistic surface with an orography and land and sea surface schemes.
The adiabatic version, IGCM1, is freely available. Access to IGCM2 and IGCM3 is restricted to members of the Department of Meteorology at the University of Reading and collaborating researchers.
See also
Global climate model
External links
IGCM web page
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip%20Froelich | Dr. Philip 'Flip' Nissen Froelich, Jr. is an American academic oceanographic scientist, whose research uses biogeochemistry dynamics to address human impacts on the world's oceans.
Early life and career
Froelich graduated from Duke University in 1968. He obtained a Ph.D. from the University of Rhode Island in 1979.
He is a Francis Eppes Professor of Oceanography at Florida State University, where he is involved in the interdisciplinary Biogeochemical Dynamics Program. He is also affiliated with the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory.
References
External links
Florida State University faculty profile
Duke University alumni
Florida State University faculty
American oceanographers
Living people
Biogeochemists
Year of birth missing (living people) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naresh%20Dalal | Naresh Dalal is a physical chemist who specializes in materials science. He is the Dirac Professor of Chemistry and Biochemistry at Florida State University, where he is affiliated with the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory.
Research
Dalal's research group focuses on:
Studying the physical properties of solid-state materials
Development of new materials (superconductors, highly correlated electron spin systems, molecular magnets, ferroics, etc.)
Understanding structure-property relationships
Obtaining guidelines for developing new materials
Development of novel applications or improvement of existing instrumental methods (high field EPR probe design, NMR methods, etc.)
Honors
Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemists in 2017.
Received Florida State University's highest faculty honor when he was named 2012-2013 Robert O. Lawton Distinguished Professor.
Silver medal for Physics/Materials Science from the International Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Society.
Florida Chemistry award from the Florida Section of the American Chemical Society in 2007, and the Southern Chemist Award from the Memphis Section of the American Chemical Society.
Dalal was named a fellow by the American Physical Society in 2000. He was named a fellow by the American Chemical Society in 2010.
References
Florida State University faculty
American physical chemists
American materials scientists
Living people
American Jains
American academics of Indian descent
Fellows of the American Phy |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher%20Llewellyn%20Smith | Sir Christopher Hubert Llewellyn Smith (born 19 November 1942) is an Emeritus Professor of Physics at the University of Oxford.
Education
Llewellyn Smith was educated at the University of Oxford (BA) and completed his Doctor of Philosophy degree in theoretical physics at New College, Oxford in 1967.
Career and research
After his DPhil he worked at the Lebedev Physical Institute in Moscow, CERN and then the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory before returning to Oxford in 1974. Llewellyn Smith was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1984.
While Chairman of Oxford Physics (1987–92), he led the merger of five different departments into a single Physics Department. Llewellyn Smith was Director General of CERN from 1994 to 1998. Thereafter he served as Provost and President of University College London (1999–2002).
Awards and honours
Llewellyn Smith received the James Clerk Maxwell Medal and Prize in 1979, and Glazebrook Medal and Prize of the Institute of Physics in 1999 and was knighted in 2001. In 2004, he became Chairman of the Consultative Committee for Euratom on Fusion (CCE-FU). Until 2009 he was Director of UKAEA Culham Division, which holds the responsibility for the United Kingdom's fusion programme and operation of the Joint European Torus (JET). He is a member of the Advisory Council for the Campaign for Science and Engineering.
In 2013, he joined the National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Bhubaneswar, India as a Distinguished Professo |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear%20transformer%20driver | A linear transformer driver (LTD) within physics and energy, is an annular parallel connection of switches and capacitors. The driver is designed to deliver rapid high power pulses. The LTD was invented at the Institute of High Current Electronics (IHCE) in Tomsk, Russia. The LTD is capable of producing high current pulses, up to 1 mega amps (106 ampere), with a risetime of less than 100 ns. This is an improvement over Marx generator based pulsed power devices which require pulse compression to achieve such fast risetimes. It is being considered as a driver for z-pinch based inertial confinement fusion.
LTDs at Sandia National Laboratories
Sandia National Laboratory is currently investigating a z-pinch as a possible ignition source for inertial confinement fusion. On its "Z machine", Sandia can achieve dense, high temperature plasmas by firing fast, 100-nanosecond current pulses exceeding 20 million amps through hundreds of tungsten wires with diameters on the order of tens of micrometres. The LTD is currently being investigated as a driver for the next generation of high power accelerators.
Sandia's roadmap includes another future Z machine version called ZN (Z Neutron) to test higher yields in fusion power and automation systems. ZN is planned to give between 20 and 30 MJ of hydrogen fusion power with a shot per hour thanks to LTDs replacing the current Marx generators. After 8 to 10 years of operation, ZN would become a transmutation pilot plant capable of a fusion shot |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max%20Gunzburger | Max D. Gunzburger, Francis Eppes Distinguished Professor of Mathematics at Florida State University, is an American mathematician and computational scientist affiliated with the Florida State interdisciplinary Department of Scientific Computing. He was the 2008 winner of the SIAM W.T. and Idalia Reid Prize in Mathematics. His seminal research contributions include flow control, finite element analysis, superconductivity and Voronoi tessellations. He has also made contributions in the areas of aerodynamics, materials, acoustics, climate change, groundwater, image processing and risk assessment.
Ph.D.
After completing his BS degree at New York University in 1966, Gunzburger earned his Ph.D. degree from the same University in 1969. His thesis, titled Diffraction of shock waves by a thin wing—Symmetric and anti-symmetric problems, was written under the direction of Lu Ting.
Early career
Gunzburger began his career at New York University as a research scientist and assistant professor of mathematics, a position he held from receiving his Ph.D. until 1971. He then spent two years working as a post-doctorate at the Naval Ordnance Laboratory before transferring to the Institute for Computer Applications in Science and Engineering at NASA until 1976. He then became an associate professor and professor of mathematics at the University of Tennessee, a position he held from 1976 to 1982.
Transferring again, he moved from Carnegie Mellon University in 1981 to 1989, to Virginia |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotropic%20quadratic%20form | In mathematics, a quadratic form over a field F is said to be isotropic if there is a non-zero vector on which the form evaluates to zero. Otherwise the quadratic form is anisotropic. More explicitly, if q is a quadratic form on a vector space V over F, then a non-zero vector v in V is said to be isotropic if . A quadratic form is isotropic if and only if there exists a non-zero isotropic vector (or null vector) for that quadratic form.
Suppose that is quadratic space and W is a subspace of V. Then W is called an isotropic subspace of V if some vector in it is isotropic, a totally isotropic subspace if all vectors in it are isotropic, and an anisotropic subspace if it does not contain any (non-zero) isotropic vectors. The of a quadratic space is the maximum of the dimensions of the totally isotropic subspaces.
A quadratic form q on a finite-dimensional real vector space V is anisotropic if and only if q is a definite form:
either q is positive definite, i.e. for all non-zero v in V ;
or q is negative definite, i.e. for all non-zero v in V.
More generally, if the quadratic form is non-degenerate and has the signature , then its isotropy index is the minimum of a and b. An important example of an isotropic form over the reals occurs in pseudo-Euclidean space.
Hyperbolic plane
Let F be a field of characteristic not 2 and . If we consider the general element of V, then the quadratic forms and are equivalent since there is a linear transformation on V that makes |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lists%20of%20unsolved%20problems | List of unsolved problems may refer to several notable conjectures or open problems in various academic fields:
Natural sciences, engineering and medicine
Unsolved problems in astronomy
Unsolved problems in biology
Unsolved problems in chemistry
Unsolved problems in geoscience
Unsolved problems in medicine
Unsolved problems in neuroscience
Unsolved problems in physics
Mathematics, statistics and information sciences
Unsolved problems in mathematics
Unsolved problems in statistics
Unsolved problems in computer science
Unsolved problems in information theory
Social sciences and humanities
Problems in philosophy
Unsolved problems in economics
Unsolved problems in fair division
See also
Cold case (unsolved crimes)
List of ciphertexts
List of hypothetical technologies
List of NP-complete problems
List of paradoxes
List of PSPACE-complete problems
List of undecidable problems
List of unsolved deaths
Lists of problems
Unknowability
Science-related lists
Lists of problems
Engineering |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applied%20academics | Applied academics is an approach to learning and teaching that focuses on how academic subjects (communications, mathematics, science, and basic literacy) can apply to the real world. Further, applied academics can be viewed as theoretical knowledge supporting practical applications.
Definition
Applied Academics is an approach to learning which focuses on motivating and challenging students to connect what they learn with the world they experience and with what interests them. The basic premise is that if academic content is made more relevant, participatory and concrete, students learn better, retain more and apply learning in their lives. Teaching in this model uses hands-on innovative teaching methods sometimes called contextual learning. Teachers help students understand the reasons for studying their subject matter and capitalize on students' natural learning inclinations and problem-solving approaches they can use well beyond the classroom throughout their lives.
Applied Academics is an attempt to break from disconnected learning (where students go to different classes for different subjects for specified periods of time and don't gain a sense of the interconnectedness of learning) that has become a part of traditional approaches to education. This approach attempts to reintegrate learning by doing such things (for example) as teaching math, science, writing, or speech within other contexts such as a learning experience dealing with some form of technology training. |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XXTEA | In cryptography, Corrected Block TEA (often referred to as XXTEA) is a block cipher designed to correct weaknesses in the original Block TEA.
XXTEA is vulnerable to a chosen-plaintext attack requiring 259 queries and negligible work. See cryptanalysis below.
The cipher's designers were Roger Needham and David Wheeler of the Cambridge Computer Laboratory, and the algorithm was presented in an unpublished technical report in October 1998 (Wheeler and Needham, 1998). It is not subject to any patents.
Formally speaking, XXTEA is a consistent incomplete source-heavy heterogeneous UFN (unbalanced Feistel network) block cipher. XXTEA operates on variable-length blocks that are some arbitrary multiple of 32 bits in size (minimum 64 bits). The number of full cycles depends on the block size, but there are at least six (rising to 32 for small block sizes). The original Block TEA applies the XTEA round function to each word in the block and combines it additively with its leftmost neighbour. Slow diffusion rate of the decryption process was immediately exploited to break the cipher. Corrected Block TEA uses a more involved round function which makes use of both immediate neighbours in processing each word in the block.
XXTEA is likely to be more efficient than XTEA for longer messages.
Needham & Wheeler make the following comments on the use of Block TEA:
For ease of use and general security the large block version is to be preferred when applicable for the following reasons.
A |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syndesis | Syndesis may refer to:
Arthrodesis, in orthopedic surgery
Synapsis, in cell biology |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald%20Hunt | Donald Hunt may refer to:
Donald F. Hunt, professor of chemistry and pathology
Donald Hunt (musician) (1930–2018), English choral conductor
Donald Hunt (sportswriter), African-American sportswriter
Donald Hunt, a character in the TV soap opera Coronation Street
Donald Hunt, a character in the TV series Mission: Impossible |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIVE%20%28virtual%20environment%29 | The H.I.V.E. (Huge Immersive Virtual Environment) is a joint research project between the departments of Psychology, Computer Science, and Systems Analysis at Miami University. The project is funded by a grant from the U.S. Army Research Office and is currently the world's largest virtual environment in terms of navigable floor area (currently over 1200m2). The goal of the research project is to conduct experiments in human spatial cognition.
System Components
The H.I.V.E. platform consists of several components, including:
Position-Tracking Camera Array
Wearable Rendering System
References
Waller, D., Bachmann, E., Hodgson, E., & Beall, A. C. (2007). The HIVE: A Huge Immersive Virtual Environment for research in spatial cognition. Behavior Research Methods, 39, 835–843.
External links
Official HIVE Site
Miami University |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas%20Comer | Douglas Earl Comer is a professor of computer science at Purdue University, where he teaches courses on operating systems and computer networks. He has written numerous research papers and textbooks, and currently heads several networking research projects. He has been involved in TCP/IP and internetworking since the late 1970s, and is an internationally recognized authority. He designed and implemented X25NET and Cypress networks, and the Xinu operating system. He is director of the Internetworking Research Group at Purdue, editor of Software - Practice and Experience, and a former member of the Internet Architecture Board. Comer completed the original version of Xinu (and wrote correspondent book The Xinu Approach) in 1979. Since then, Xinu has been expanded and ported to a wide variety of platforms, including: IBM PC, Macintosh, Digital Equipment Corporation VAX and DECstation 3100, Sun Microsystems Sun-2, Sun-3 and SPARCstations, and Intel Pentium. It has been used as the basis for many research projects. Furthermore, Xinu has been used as an embedded system in products by companies such as Motorola, Mitsubishi, Hewlett-Packard, and Lexmark.
Education and career
Comer holds a BS in Mathematics and Physics from Houghton College earned in 1971 and a PhD in Computer Science from Pennsylvania State University earned in 1976. He is a Distinguished Professor of Computer Science and professor of electrical and computer engineering at Purdue University in the US. Beginning in t |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talking%20Glossary%20of%20Genetic%20Terms | The Talking Glossary of Genetic Terms is an audio/visual glossary of 256 terms prepared and hosted by the National Human Genome Research Institute in the United States.
The first version was published in English online in September 1998 by the NHGRI Office of Science Education under the title of "Talking Glossary of Genetics". The Spanish-language version was released 18 months later.
About
A new multimedia, and significantly updated, version of the English Talking Glossary of Genetics was released by the National Human Genome Research Institute in October, 2009. An identical update of the Spanish-language version was released in October, 2011. In September, 2011, an iPhone App of the English Talking Glossary was released by NHGRI and made available as a free download in the Apple App store. The App version contains all 3-D animations, high quality illustrations, the "Test Your Gene IQ" quiz, and similar user functions such as "Suggest a Term" and "Mail This Term to a Friend."
The original version had been based on simple HTML entries and was developed in the mid-1990s at a time when dial-up modems were commonly used to access the internet at speeds as low as 14.4 kps. That version of the Talking Glossary contained 178 terms and talking explanations of each term, as well as about 70 black-and-white illustrations.
The new, and current, versions of the Talking Glossary featured a substantial visual, content, and functional upgrade to the popular online tool. The new Gloss |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jook%20Walraven | Joannes Theodorus Maria (Jook) Walraven (born August 20, 1947, Amsterdam) is a Dutch experimental physicist at the Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute for experimental physics in Amsterdam. From 1967 he studied physics at the University of Amsterdam. Both his doctoral research and PhD research was with Isaac Silvera, on the subject of Bose-Einstein Condensation. Because of the difficulty of his research subject, his promotion took six years instead of four. The aim of his PhD research was to make a gas of atomic hydrogen, which could become the world's first quantum gas. This might then be a suitable candidate for a Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC).
In order to achieve this state, the gas of atomic hydrogen would have to be cooled to only a few Kelvin, without recombining to molecular hydrogen. Jook Walraven developed a method of evaporative cooling: a tank was filled with a gas of atomic hydrogen, from which the 'hottest' (fastest) atoms were removed. This resulted in a lower temperature of the whole gas. To keep the atomic hydrogen from forming hydrogen molecules, the atoms were spin-polarized by a 7 tesla magnet.
In a few years, Silvera and Walraven had achieved the first quantum-gas. However, due to interactions with the wall of the tank, the gas did not cool enough to reach the critical temperature at which it condenses into a BEC. In the meantime, several other groups had started to do research on the subject, some of which were actually doing research in laser science. Tw |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Publicly%20Verifiable%20Secret%20Sharing | In cryptography, a secret sharing scheme is publicly verifiable (PVSS) if it is a verifiable secret sharing scheme and if any party (not just the participants of the protocol) can verify the validity of the shares distributed by the dealer.
The method introduced here according to the paper by Chunming Tang, Dingyi Pei, Zhuo Liu, and Yong He is non-interactive and maintains this property throughout the protocol.
Initialization
The PVSS scheme dictates an initialization process in which:
All system parameters are generated.
Each participant must have a registered public key.
Excluding the initialization process, the PVSS consists of two phases:
Distribution
1. Distribution of secret shares is performed by the dealer , which does the following:
The dealer creates for each participant respectively.
The dealer publishes the encrypted share for each .
The dealer also publishes a string to show that each encrypts
(note: guarantees that the reconstruction protocol will result in the same .
2. Verification of the shares:
Anybody knowing the public keys for the encryption methods , can verify the shares.
If one or more verifications fails the dealer fails and the protocol is aborted.
Reconstruction
1. Decryption of the shares:
The Participants decrypts their share of the secret using .
(note: fault-tolerance can be allowed here: it's not required that all participants succeed in decrypting as long as a qualified set of participants are successful to decrypt ).
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OAO%20TMK | "TMK" () () is a leading global manufacturer and supplier of steel pipes, tubular solutions and related services for the oil and gas industry, and specialty tubular products and pipeline systems for the nuclear, chemical, mechanical engineering and construction industries. Currently, the company integrates production assets in Russia, Kazakhstan, Romania and Czech Republic. and two R&D centers in Russia.
Headquarters – Moscow (Russia).
History
TMK was established in 2001.
In 2002 TMK incorporated Volzhsky Pipe Plant, Seversky Pipe Plant and Sinarsky Pipe Plant. A Trade House TMK representative office was opened in Baku (Azerbaijan).
In 2003 a new TMK subsidiary, TMK-Kazakhstan, was established.
In 2004 TMK incorporated Taganrog Metallurgical Works.
In 2005 TMK established and incorporated TMK Global, a representative office was opened in Beijing (China). CJSC TMK was reorganized into an Open Joint Stock Company.
TMK incorporated the Romanian mills TMK-Artrom and TMK-Resita, and the Russian Orsky Machine Building Plant. The TMK Middle East trading subsidiary was created the same year. In 2020, TMK announced delisting of its GDRs from LSE.
In 2007 TMK acquired oilfield service companies including Truboplast, TMK NGS-Nizhnevartovsk, and TMK NGS-Buzuluk, as well as the Russian Research Institute for the Tube and Pipe Industries (RosNITI), Russia's largest pipe industry research institute. TMK-CPW, a joint venture between TMK and Corinth Pipeworks, and ТМК-Premium Service |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectral%20centroid | The spectral centroid is a measure used in digital signal processing to characterise a spectrum. It indicates where the center of mass of the spectrum is located. Perceptually, it has a robust connection with the impression of brightness of a sound. It is sometimes called center of spectral mass.
Calculation
It is calculated as the weighted mean of the frequencies present in the signal, determined using a Fourier transform, with their magnitudes as the weights:
where x(n) represents the weighted frequency value, or magnitude, of bin number n, and f(n) represents the center frequency of that bin.
Alternative usage
Some people use "spectral centroid" to refer to the median of the spectrum. This is a different statistic, the difference being essentially the same as the difference between the unweighted median and mean statistics. Since both are measures of central tendency, in some situations they will exhibit some similarity of behaviour. But since typical audio spectra are not normally distributed, the two measures will often give strongly different values. Grey and Gordon in 1978 found the mean a better fit than the median.
Applications
Because the spectral centroid is a good predictor of the "brightness" of a sound, it is widely used in digital audio and music processing as an automatic measure of musical timbre.
References
Digital signal processing |
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