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Jobbing may refer to:
selling stocks and shares as a stockjobber
jobbing press, a variety of printing press used in letterpress printing used for work other than books and journals (e. g. hand bills, trade cards, etc.)
losing or lying down in professional wrestling, see Job (professional wrestling)
See also
Jobber (disambiguation) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jobbing |
Live Demonstration is a demo tape made by English rock band Oasis in 1993, prior to their rise to fame. The tape helped secure a recording contract with Creation Records, with most of the tracks ending up on the band's first batch of releases, including their debut album, Definitely Maybe.
The Live Demonstration cassette was reissued in a limited amount on 12 April 2014 for the 20th anniversary of Definitely Maybe. The reissue appears almost identical to the original, down to the handwritten cassette label, Union Jack artwork, and Noel Gallagher's 1993 contact information; the notable differences are that the reissued spine says "Oasis" whereas the original says "Oasis Live", the copyright marking "Ⓟ & © 1993 Big Brother Recordings Ltd" on the cassette itself, and liner notes written by Mark Coyle on the inside of the J-card.
Overview
In 1992, Oasis were an up-and-coming live act in Manchester, with a small following, but no signs of a record contract. Realising their potential, Oasis guitarist and songwriter Noel Gallagher contacted Tony Griffiths of the Liverpool band The Real People. The two had met on a North American tour with the Inspiral Carpets, on which The Real People had been the opening act and Gallagher had worked as a roadie. Gallagher asked him if Oasis could use their studio to produce a professional sounding demo which they could then send to record companies. Griffiths and his brother Chris claim to have taught the band a lot about recording songs during that period. Around a dozen songs were recorded at the studio at Dock Road, Liverpool in Spring 1993, of which six songs ended up on the final demo tape. The versions of "D'Yer Wanna Be A Spaceman?" and "Married With Children" were recorded at the home of co-producer Mark Coyle.
It is estimated that 10 cassette copies were sent out with a J-card insert depicting a swirling Union Jack and the now famous Oasis logo designed by Tony French. More cassettes were handed out without the picture sleeve, but with instead, a handwritten set of notes.
In May 1993, the band were invited to play a gig at the famous Glasgow nightclub King Tut's, by a band who shared their rehearsal rooms. Oasis found the money to hire a van and make the six-hour journey to Glasgow. Among the people at the club that night was head of Creation Records, Alan McGee, who knew some of the other acts playing. Upon seeing Oasis for the first time, he was apparently so impressed that after the show, he went up to the band and offered them a record deal on the spot. A copy of the demo tape was handed to McGee that night, of which the contents made McGee even more determined to sign up the band. A couple of months later, Oasis signed a 6-album deal with Creation Records.
As Oasis' fame grew in the 1990s the tape soon became an item desired by collectors and copies started changing hands for hundreds of pounds. In the 2016 edition of "Rare Record Price Guide" published by Record Collector, an advertisement by Omega Auctions (on page 1) states a copy has since been sold for more than £6,000.
The strength of the tracks on Live Demonstration was proved by the fact that four of the songs eventually ended up on Definitely Maybe; ("Married with Children", "Rock 'N' Roll Star", "Bring It on Down" and "Columbia"), with three others appearing as B-sides ("D'Yer Wanna Be a Spaceman?", "Fade Away" and "Cloudburst"). The other song, "Strange Thing", saw its first commercial release in May 2014, with the release of the 20th anniversary edition of Definitely Maybe.
Track listing
All songs were written by Noel Gallagher.
Side one
"Cloudburst"
"Columbia"
"D'yer Wanna Be a Spaceman?"
"Strange Thing"
Side two
"Bring It on Down"
"Married with Children"
"Fade Away"
"Rock 'n' Roll Star"
Official releases
"Cloudburst" – Released as a B-side on the "Live Forever" single
"Fade Away" – Released as a B-side on the "Cigarettes & Alcohol" single, and later on The Masterplan album
"Columbia" – An edited version of the demo was released on a white label promo 12" in December 1993. As a result, this became the first Oasis song played on BBC Radio 1, adding to the growing buzz surrounding the band. This version was also released as a B-side on the "Supersonic" single, as well as on Oasis' debut album Definitely Maybe
"D'Yer Wanna Be a Spaceman?" – Released as a B-side on the "Shakermaker" single
"Married with Children" – Released on Oasis' debut album, Definitely Maybe
"Bring It on Down" – Released on Oasis' debut album, Definitely Maybe
"Rock 'n' Roll Star" – Released on Oasis' debut album, Definitely Maybe
"Strange Thing" – Released on the 2014 remaster of Definitely Maybe
References
Oasis (band) albums
1993 albums
Demo albums
Self-released albums
Albums produced by Mark Coyle | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Live%20Demonstration |
Superchunk is the debut studio album by American indie rock band Superchunk. It was recorded January 18–19, 1990, at Duck Kee Studios in Raleigh, North Carolina, and released on Matador Records in 1990.
"Slack Motherfucker" was named the 19th best single of the 1990s by Spin, and the 81st best song of the 1990s by Pitchfork. On August 25, 2017, Superchunk was re-released on vinyl.
Track listing
"Sick to Move" – 3:14
"My Noise" – 2:25
"Let It Go" – 2:53
"Swinging" – 2:11
"Slow" – 5:08
"Slack Motherfucker" – 2:52
"Binding" – 3:03
"Down the Hall" – 2:41
"Half a Life" – 3:42
"Not Tomorrow" – 4:39
B-sides include "What Do I", "Train From Kansas City", "Night Creatures" and "Garlic".
References
1990 debut albums
Superchunk albums
Matador Records albums | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superchunk%20%28album%29 |
Planet Voyage is an album by the German andean new age band Cusco. It was released originally in 1982, and is currently available under the Prudence label.
This album contains three of the tracks which were later reworked for the Mystic Island release (Milky Way, Pisces, and Leo), and also contains the track Venus, which utilizes what would become a signature synthesized panflute sound, and also electric rock guitars, and which has been featured on multiple compilations of Cusco's early material. Some of the more relatively reliable Cusco discographies show a 1983 release date, but the early Arista and Yupiteru pressings verify the 1982 original release year.
Track listing
"Milky Way"
"Ursa minor"
"Pisces"
"Swan"
"Andromeda"
"Venus"
"Leo"
"Saturn"
"Mars"
"Pegasus"
Album credits
Kristian Schultz – Arranger, keyboard
Heidi Zimmermann – Choir, chorus
Michael Holm – Arranger, choir, chorus, producer
Guenter-Erik – Thoener Mellotron
Rainer Pietsch – Choir, Chorus
Todd Canedy – Drums, percussion
Jochen Scheffter – Engineer
Charly Hörnemann – Guitar
Cusco – Main Performer
Gary Unwin – Bass guitar
Andy Marx – Guitar
1982 albums
Cusco (band) albums | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet%20Voyage |
Game or gameness is a genetic trait most often attributed to dogs, fighting dogs and working terriers and fighting cocks that are selectively bred. Dogs displaying this trait can also be described as persevering, ready and willing, full of fight, spirited, or plucky. The term gameness is often misused when witnessing a dog with prey drive. To see gameness is to overcome mental and physical challenge for the willingness to win.
Gameness can't be trained or conditioned. It is a purely genetic trait that is commonly lost once a breed becomes bred for other purposes such as kennel club exhibition or shows, which creates two versions of the same breed, a game or working version vs the show version.
History
The term gameness was first used to describe fighters in Boxing matches in the early 1800's. One such Boxing match was December 1810 in Sussex England between Champion Crib and an American named Molineaux. The fight lasted 55 minutes. "The two men where do dreadfully beaten that their sight was altogether lost, and their bodies and their bodies in the most emaciated state..." "When the battle was decided, nature had left Molineaux and Crib could not have stayed much longer, but gameness bore him out". The term was also used in describing race horses, normally those that come from behind to win such as the March 1929 Stanley Steeple Chase: "the tactics succeeded, though only the gameness of the horse, and the resolute riding of W. Stephenson, brought about the victory". The term was always used with terriers used for "terrier work" which is the same a hound but below ground, to locate the quarry and bark,for either "bolt" (make it run our) or bark loud enough for men to dig down to the terrier, and catch the quarry. A terrier that stays at the quarry for extreme periods of time is considered game.
Dog fighting breeds
In dog fighting pitbulls bred for gameness are valued as the ability to not quit, despite injury, dehydration, exhaustion or broken bones. As one writer describes it, "Game is the dog that won't quit fighting, the dog that'll die in the ring, the dog that'll fight with two broken legs." The scope and method of training to develop a game dog varies dramatically depending on the level and experience of the dog-fighter. Most "gamebred" dogs have a high pain threshold.
Working Terriers
Pertaining to working terriers and other small hunting dogs, earthdog trials are used to determine the dog's gameness in hunting dangerous pest species underground. The American Working Terrier Association currently offers a Certificate of Gameness (CG) title which is more of a basic prey drive test. During the 1800's and early 1900's countless advertisements could be seen of gamebreed Fox terriers, Cairn, Sealyham, Bedlington, Glen of Imaal, Dandie Dinmont, Scotch, Skye terrier just to name a few in which the term gameness was used.
Working terriers are not game bred dogs. They should not be included in this segment.
Fighting Cocks
Cockfighting is the sport of fighting roosters, also known as game birds, game fowl, and gamecocks. The list is extensive but some of most common are: Kelso Game Bird, Brown red Game Fowl, Lemon Fowl, Roundhead Whitehackle, Grey Asil Radio Albany. Although each breed of rooster has its traits, the one trait that connects them is gameness, or the willingness not to quit.
See also
Dog aggression
Dog behaviourist
Instinct
Prey drive
References
Dog training and behavior
Baiting (blood sport)
Cruelty to animals | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gameness |
Lucrezia Aguiari (sometimes spelled Agujari) (1743/46 in Ferrara – 18 May 1783 in Parma) was an Italian coloratura soprano. She possessed an unusually agile voice with a large vocal range that spanned slightly more than three and a half octaves; faculties that enabled her to perform the most difficult passage work. In a letter dated 24 March 1770 Leopold Mozart wrote of hearing her perform a C an octave above high C at the Ducal opera of Parma, "I could not believe that she was able to reach C soprano acuto, but my ears convinced me." Aldous Huxley also mentioned this event in his novel Brave New World, (misspelt as 'Ajugari').
Biography
Born in Ferrara, during her lifetime Aguiari was often referred to as "La Bastardina" or "La Bastardella". There are several different traditions explaining the origin of this nickname, one being that she was the illegitimate child of Leopoldo Aguiari or that of his wife with the Marchese Bentivoglio. Another possible explanation was that she was an abandoned child raised by Aguiari. Another curiosity about the soprano was that she possessed a pronounced limp that was reportedly the result of a dog or hog eating part of her leg while she was an infant.
Aguiari studied with Brizio Petrucci in Ferrara and then was further educated at a convent in Florence, where she received
singing lessons from Abbé Lambertini. In 1764 she made her professional opera debut in Florence and the following year made appearances at the opera houses in Padua, Lucca and Verona. In 1766 she appeared in Genoa, Lucca, and Parma; ultimately becoming a Court singer in the latter city in 1768. That same year, in Naples, she sang the title role at the world premiere of Paisiello's Le nozze di Peleo e Tetide, (on the occasion of the wedding ceremony of King Ferdinand IV of Naples and the Two Sicilies and Archduchess Maria Carolina of Austria). She also had several great successes in Milan, Paris, and London. There is no documentation to support reports that she was involved romantically with the composer Josef Mysliveček during her early career, in spite of many reports that appear in musicological literature. No mention of a love affair with Mysliveček pre-dates the publication of the fifth edition of the Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (1954).
In 1780 Aguiari married the composer Giuseppe Colla (1731–1806). She left the stage after the close of the summer opera season at Genoa in 1782 due to ill health. Although it was rumoured that she was poisoned by a jealous rival, she actually died of tuberculosis in 1783 at the age of 40.
Operatic roles
Fulvia in Ezio by Tommaso Traetta (Padua, 1765)
Dircea in the pasticcio Demofoonte (Lucca, 1765)
Beroe in La Nitteti by Brizio Petrucci (Mantua, 1766)
Cleofide in the pasticcio Alessandro nell'Indie (Lucca, 1766)
Cleopatra in Tigrane by Giuseppe Colla (Parma, 1767)
Ipermestra in the anonymous Ipermestra (Parma, 1767)
Tetide in Le nozze di Peleo e Tetide by Giovanni Paisiello (Naples, 1768)
Arcinia and Bauci in Le feste d'Apollo by Christoph Willibald Gluck (Parma, 1769)
Berenice in Vologeso by Giuseppe Colla (Venice, 1770)
Andromeda in Andromeda by Giuseppe Colla (Turin, 1772)
Zama in Tamas Kouli-Kan nell'Indie by Gaetano Pugnani (Turin, 1772)
Argea in Argea by Felice Alessandri (Turin, 1773)
Erasitea in Urano ed Erasitea by Giuseppe Colla (Parma, 1773)
Cleonice in Demetrio by Josef Mysliveček (Pavia, 1773)
Andromeda in Andromeda by Giovanni Paisiello (Milan, 1774)
Cleopatra in Tolomeo by Giuesppe Colla (Milan, 1774)
Aurora in Aurora by Gaetano Pampani (Turin, 1775)
Andromeda in Andromeda by Giuseppe Colla (Florence, 1778)
Didone in the pasticcio Didone abbandonata (Florence, 1778)
Emirena in Adriano in Sira by Felice Alessandri (Venice, 1780)
Cleonice in Demetrio by Francesco Bianchi (Venice, 1780)
Cleopatra in the anonymous Tigrane (Genoa, 1782)
Source: Claudio Sartori. I libretti italiani a stampa dalle origini al 1800. Cuneo, 1992–1994.
References
Musicians from Parma
Italian operatic sopranos
1740s births
1783 deaths
18th-century Italian women opera singers
Musicians from Ferrara
18th-century deaths from tuberculosis
Tuberculosis deaths in Italy
Infectious disease deaths in Emilia-Romagna | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucrezia%20Aguiari |
The Pearl-class cruiser was a third-class protected cruiser designed by Sir William White for the Royal Navy. Nine ships were built to this design, five of which were paid for by Australia under the terms of the Imperial Defence Act of 1887 to serve in Australian waters.
Design
Pearl-class ships displaced 2,575 tons and were capable of .
Ships
Citations
References
Battleships-cruisers.co.uk: Pearl-class
External links
Cruiser classes
Ship classes of the Royal Navy | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pearl-class%20cruiser |
Alliance City Schools is a school district located in Stark County, Ohio, United States. There is one elementary school containing grades 2–3, and one early learning school containing only pre-school and kindergarten, one middle school, and one high school, and one intermediate school.
Alliance High School
Alliance High School is a public high school in Alliance, Ohio. It is the only high school in the Alliance City Schools district. The current facility is the third building to be known as Alliance High School. Currently it houses grades 9–12 with an enrollment of a thousand students. The sports teams for the high school are known as the Aviators in respect for the airplane production plants in the area in the 1920s. These included Taylorcraft and ArgoHess to name a few. They are in the Eastern Buckeye Conference.
Notable alumni
Jack Warner, Former MLB player (Chicago Cubs)
Len Dawson, Former NFL player (Kansas City Chiefs)
Notes and references
External links
Official Site
School districts in Stark County, Ohio
Alliance, Ohio | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alliance%20City%20School%20District |
McFingal: a modern epic poem. Or, The town-meeting is a mock epic poem written by American poet John Trumbull.
This canto, about 1500 lines, contains some verses from Thomas Gage's Proclamation, published in the Connecticut Courant for the 7th and the 14th of August 1775; it portrays a Scottish Loyalist, McFingal, and his Whig opponent, Honorius, evidently a portrait of John Adams. This first canto was divided into two, and with a third and a fourth canto was published in 1782.
1st edition
Philadelphia: Printed and sold by William and Thomas Bradford, at the London coffee-house. 1775.
References
Mock-heroic English poems
1770s poems | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McFingal |
The Canton City School District (CCSD) is a public school district serving students in Canton, Ohio in the United States. In the 2020–2021 academic year its student enrollment was 8,000, making it the 22nd largest school district in the state. The district operates an early childhood center, twelve elementary schools, three middle schools and two 9–12 high schools. In addition to traditional schools, CCSD also operates four alternative schools. While the district primarily serves students in Canton city limits, they also serve small sections of surrounding areas, as well as the village of Meyers Lake. Students in the northern part of the city go to the Plain Local School District instead of the Canton City district.
History
In 2023, the superintendent submitted a proposal to make it so that students who had missed classes have to fulfill extra criteria to get credit for those classes.
Current schools
Early childhood center
Early Learning Center @ Schreiber
Elementary schools
AIM Academy @ Belden (K-6)
Arts Academy @ Summit (K-6)
Cedar Elementary (K-3)
Clarendon Elementary (4–6)
Fairmont Learning Center (K-5)
Gibbs Elementary (K-3)
Harter Elementary (K-3)
McGregor Elementary (4–6)
Patrick (Allen) Elementary (K-6)
Stone Elementary (K-3)
Worley Elementary (K-6)
Youtz Elementary (4–6)
Middle schools
Crenshaw Middle (7–8)
Early College Middle @ Lehman (7–8)
STEAMM Academy @ Hartford Middle (4–8)
High schools
Early College High @ Lehman (9–12)
McKinley High School
Other schools
Bulldog Virtual Academy (K-8 @ Mason, 9–12 @ Timken)
Compton Learning Center (Passages, Choices)
Timken Career Campus
Canton Adult Education Center
Former schools and current state
Former elementary schools
Baxter Elementary School (abandoned)
Burns (J.J.) Elementary School (razed)
Garfield Elementary School (Beacon Academy, Stark High School)
Horace Mann Elementary (Canton Harbor High School)
Martin Elementary School (The Martin Center)
Stark Elementary School (razed)
Washington Elementary School (razed)
Wells Elementary School (community center)
West-North Elementary School (razed)
Dueber Elementary School (community center)
Smith Elementary School (razed)
Former high school buildings
Canton High School (Renamed Canton Central when McKinley was built [1918], razed to build Timken H.S.)
North High School (Razed to build Lehman [1932])
Lehman High School (Oxford Place Senior Living Facility)
Lincoln High School (Heritage Christian School)
Timken High School (Timken Career Campus also known as Timken campus/downtown campus)
Athletics
CCSD is part of the Federal League athletic conference, along with 6 other districts.
List of sports offered
References
External links
Official Site
School districts in Stark County, Ohio | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canton%20City%20School%20District |
Terry Kubicka (born April 3, 1956) is an American retired figure skater who is known as the first American to perform the difficult triple Lutz jump. He is the 1974 Prague Skate champion, 1975 Skate Canada International bronze medalist, and 1976 U.S. national champion. He competed at the 1976 Winter Olympics.
Personal life
Terry Kubicka was born on April 3, 1956, in Long Beach, California. He received a Bachelor of Science degree from California Polytechnic State University and a Doctorate of Veterinary Medicine from University of California, Davis. In September 1982, he married his wife, Annie, with whom he has three children – Katie, Christopher, and Scott. He is currently the medical director at Four Corners Veterinary Hospital, Concord, California
Skating career
Kubicka decided to begin skating after his parents took him to the Ice Follies show. Evy Scotvold coached him for nine years, from group to private lessons.
Kubicka won silver at the 1972 Grand Prix International St. Gervais, gold at the 1974 Prague Skate, and bronze at the 1975 Skate Canada International. At the 1974 U.S. Championships, he became the first American to land the triple Lutz jump in competition. He landed three triple jumps in his long program and in the process won second place and a spot at the World Championships. Kubicka said that he had landed it in the short program but it was not filmed so he did it again in the long. Next year, he won silver at the U.S. Championships and competed at the World Championships again.
In 1976, he won the U.S. national title, landing five triple jumps in the long program and landing his first back flip. He was named to the American team for the 1976 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck, Austria, where he became the first and only skater to perform a legal backflip; it was banned after the competition. To the present time, this move is his most important claim to ice skating fame. Less remembered is his ability to land five of the six triple jumps (except the Axel). In comparison, the gold medalist (John Curry) landed only three triple jumps in winning his Olympic gold medal. Indeed, it would not be until 1983 that any skater would land all six different kinds of triple jumps in competition. Brian Boitano accomplished that feat at the World Championships.
After ending his competitive career, Kubicka toured with Ice Capades for three years then left skating to become a veterinarian. In 2005, he returned to skating as a National Technical Specialist. He was named an International Technical Specialist as of August 1, 2007.
Results
References
Navigation
1956 births
American male single skaters
Olympic figure skaters for the United States
Figure skaters at the 1976 Winter Olympics
Living people
Sportspeople from Fairfield, California
University of California, Davis alumni | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terry%20Kubicka |
The 14th Artistic Gymnastics World Championships were held on July 6–10, 1958 in Moscow, the capital of the USSR.
Medallists
Men's results
All-around
Floor exercise
Pommel horse
Rings
Vault
Parallel bars
Horizontal bar
Team final
Women's results
All-around
Vault
Uneven bars
Balance beam
Floor exercise
Team final
Medals
References
Gymn Forum: World Championships Results
Gymnastics
World Artistic Gymnastics Championships
Artistic gymnastics
World Artistic Gymnastics Championships
World Artistic Gymnastics Championships | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1958%20World%20Artistic%20Gymnastics%20Championships |
Serena Deeb (born June 29, 1986) is an American professional wrestler currently signed to All Elite Wrestling (AEW). She is well known for her first stint with WWE, appearing on the SmackDown brand and also known for her time with the developmental territory Florida Championship Wrestling, under the ring name Serena. She made appearances for National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) where she is a former NWA Worlds Women's Champion, Total Nonstop Action Wrestling and Ohio Valley Wrestling champion. Serena was a six-time Women's Champion, Shimmer Women Athletes and Wrestling New Classic and a one-time WNC Women's Champion.
Early life
Serena Deeb was born and raised in the Washington, D.C. suburb of Oakton, Virginia. Deeb's love of wrestling began when she was eleven after watching a World Wrestling Federation show. However, her main passion as a child, from the age of five until she actively pursued wrestling at 18, was soccer. Serena Deeb graduated from Oakton High School in nearby Vienna, Virginia in 2004. Though she began training for wrestling at age 18, she coupled this with an academic career, studying for her Bachelor of Arts in Spanish until graduating in 2008 from Indiana University Southeast. She has a desire to learn more languages, other than Spanish, and also enjoys Arabic, Thai, and Italian food which matches her interest in traveling.
Professional wrestling career
Ohio Valley Wrestling
Training and debut (2005–2006)
Serena started her wrestling career in the OVW Wrestling School, training from March until November 2005 after relocating on her own money from Virginia to Kentucky to attend the school. She debuted on the November 4 OVW house show, teaming with Fuji Cakes in a losing effort against Shelly Martinez and Beth Phoenix. Beth Phoenix and Shelly Martinez also defeated her in January even with the new tag team partner of Venus (Rosa Salvage). She picked up her maiden victory over Shelly Martinez in February and over Beth Phoenix the following month. Her misfortune in tag team action continued though, as she and Fuji Cakes lost to Cherry Pie and Roni Jonah. Unhappy with the loss, Serena changed her partners and teamed with Roadkill and Kasey James for a mixed tag team match with The Untouchables, including Cherry Pie, but lost once more. Later that month, a dark match between her and Beth Phoenix ended in a no contest and was changed into a tag match, which Serena and Shelly Martinez lost to Beth Phoenix and Maria.
Serena then began to feud with ODB. In early June, Martinez guest refereed a tag team match where she and Daisy Mae defeated ODB and Sosay. At OVW's Six Flags event, ODB scored a return victory as she and Venus defeated Serena and Daisy. In her television debut at the June 21 tapings, Serena came out to save the participants of OVW's first bikini contest, who had been attacked by ODB. She defeated ODB in a singles match at another Six Flags show at the end of June but the two continued to feud, exchanging victories in mixed tag team and six-man tag team matches. Eventually, ODB declared herself the inaugural Women's Champion, supposedly after winning a tournament in Rio de Janeiro. ODB retained the title in an eight-woman Battle Royal on the September 6 television tapings but in a four-way match, Serena finally managed to win the Women's Championship during the main event of the September 13 episode of OVW TV involving ODB, Beth Phoenix and Katie Lea.
Women's Champion (2006–2008)
When she became champion, Serena was targeted by Beth Phoenix. She managed to retain her title on September 16's house show but lost a televised rematch on October 4. Serena instantly set her sights on winning back the title and commandeered an all-female six-man tag team victory over Beth Phoenix and her team three days later before interfering in Beth's title defence, spearing her to end the match in disqualification just as Phoenix was about to pin ODB. Though she would continue to interfere with Phoenix, Serena never had the chance to win back the title as Katie 'The Kat' Lea won the championship in the penultimate round of a gauntlet match Phoenix had to contest, losing on the sixth match while a refreshed Kat only had Serena to defend against. Serena tried to contend with The Kat once more for the title but the match ended in disqualification. To settle their dispute, Serena, The Kat and Beth Phoenix closed out the year with a non-title no-disqualification three way, which Serena won.
During 2007, Serena spent many weeks in a variety of tag team matches in an attempt to gain an opportunity at the Women's Champion and Phoenix too before competing in the Miss OVW Divalympics, though ODB would eventually win this competition. Serena went on an undefeated streak in March and April, but this was brought to a halt by Lea in May. On May 11, she and her team lost a 2/3 tug of war contest, but beat them in the wrestling tag match immediately afterwards. It would not be until September before she received another shot at the title. Milena Roucka picked up the victory in this six-way match-up, while Serena also lost a non-title match the following week in an attempt to prove her contendership. After spending the opening months of 2008 on a losing streak, Serena disappeared in February from the promotion. During her hiatus, Serena got a nose job and breast implants in an attempt to get closer to a contract with World Wrestling Entertainment. Serena made a surprise return in late May when reigning champion Josie issued an open challenge, which Serena answered to win her second title. At the June 4 TV tapings, Serena stated her intentions to defend the title at all times, under 24/7 rules. Josie, who had assaulted her during the speech, took advantage of the rule in early July when Serena defended her title successfully against Reggie, only for Josie to attack her straight afterwards and win the title. Serena avenged this loss by similarly attacking Josie during a speech and winning the title back. The ruling proved too chaotic – at one point Serena gave a speech during which Josie and Melody attacked her, almost double-pinning her only for Reggie to come out and pin all three of them to win the title for a matter of minutes until Serena speared Reggie and won it back – and by August the 24/7 ruling was deactivated after Serena won the title back for an unprecedented sixth time.
After this, wrestler Moose sought Serena's affections, eventually winning a right to a date after defeating Lumpy Magoo in late September. After being rebuffed by Serena on the date, Moose turned sour and tried to interfere in a championship defence against Josie only for Magoo, who was accompanying Serena, to make sure his interference did not cost her the title. On October 29, Serena teamed with Magoo and defeated Moose and Women's Championship contender Reggie in a tag team match. On November 12, Serena lost the championship to Melody in a four-way match with Josie and Reggie.
The Insurgency (2009)
In 2009, Serena turned heel for the first time in her career. This was signalled when she appeared on January 14 with The Insurgency (Ali Akbar, Turcan Celik and Bin Hamin) to help them win a non-title match against the Southern Tag Team Champions Totally Awesome. With Serena in their corner, The Insurgency went on a winning streak, though Serena herself could not emulate this as her title match with Melody on February 25 saw Melody retain the title via disqualification. On the 500th episode of OVW, she challenged Melody once again, this time in a steel cage match, but failed to win the championship.
Shimmer Women Athletes
Early feuds (2006–2007)
On October 22, 2006, Serena began working for Shimmer Women Athletes at Volume 5 where she lost to Amber O'Neal in her debut match after O'Neal used Serena's tights to keep her down. She gained a victory in a rematch during Volume 6 with a roll-up pin. Despite this win, she went on a losing streak in both tag team and singles competition until she reversed Lexie Fyfe's Attitude Adjuster into a roll-up during Volume 10. Later at Volume 14: Hot Summer Nights Fyfe defeated Daffney and, after exposing her long-suffering knee injury, proceeded to assault her after the match with Experience tag team partner Malia Hosaka. Daffney's friend MsChif and Serena, having history with Fyfe, came to clear the ring leading to a match-up between Hosaka and Serena after the others had been chased off. Serena pinned Hosaka after a spear but her revenge was short-lived, as The Experience pinned her after a double inverted suplex slam, despite help from Allison Danger.
Pursuit of the Shimmer Championship (2007–2009)
En route to the tournament to crown the inaugural Shimmer Champion, Serena was involved in a car crash and thus could not participate. An interview with her opened Volume 12, where she revealed her desire to challenge the eventual Shimmer Champion having missed out on her tournament opportunity, but still could not maintain a winning streak, falling victim to Rain and later her tag team partner Jetta. After being eliminated from a 20-woman Battle Royal to determine the Shimmer Championship contender during Volume 19, Serena pinpointed champion Sara Del Rey for her next match, but came up short. On Volume 21, Serena maintained she demanded another title match, blaming her loss on an injury. Sara Del Rey refused, calling her "bottom of the barrel" but an impromptu brawl turned into a sanctioned match, in which Serena once again put up a strong effort but lost. The event closed with Serena talking backstage about how the defeat would not stop her in trying to become champion at which point MsChif, the Shimmer Champion, commended her drive and ambition and offered her a match on the condition of beating Del Rey.
At Volume 22 Del Rey's manager, Larry Sweeney, announced she did not need to face Serena having beaten her twice already and that Del Rey's only goal was to reclaim the Shimmer Championship. After the main event closed, Del Rey hit the ring and attacked MsChif until Serena appeared to fight in MsChif's corner; the referee quickly declared their impromptu bout another match where, after taking yet another severe beating, Serena finally managed to defeat Del Rey. After another post-match assault, MsChif came to save Serena making the event end with the Shimmer Champion raising Serena's hand. Despite a storied build up over the years, including a seldom used video package to hype the main event, Serena was unsuccessful in her match. Though she failed to win her title match, it seemed her rivalry with Del Rey wasn't over. As well as bouncing back over Cat Power, she had a competitive victory over Mercedes Martinez. After her match, Del Rey and Amazing Kong had a Shimmer Tag Team Championship shot against Ashley Lane and Nevaeh, which ended when they started using chairs against the champions. Despite having just wrestled, Martinez assisted Serena in clearing the ring and keeping Del Rey at bay. Their attempts at Volume 26 to form a successful tag team saw them come undone against Del Rey and Kong's brutish power.
Wrestlicious (2009)
Also in early 2009, Serena appeared in the fledgling all-female Wrestlicious promotion. In the camp show, Take Down she was known as "Webmistress" Paige Webb and debuted on the second episode of their television show which, while being recorded in early 2009, was not broadcast until March 2010 after she had begun to appear in WWE. In her first singles match she lost to "Ice Princess" Autumn Frost and won her first match on the fifth episode, where she teamed with Charlotte to take on the team of Hope and Faith.
World Wrestling Entertainment
On the May 19, 2009, episode of World Wrestling Entertainment's ECW on Sci Fi, Serena was seen standing backstage while Finlay was walking to the ring. Though Serena initially denied she signed with WWE, Shimmer promoter Dave Prazak confirmed that a contract had been negotiated on July 1, 2009.
Florida Championship Wrestling (2009–2010)
Serena made her debut on July 15, 2009, at a Florida Championship Wrestling house show where she teamed with Maria and Angela Fong to win against the team of Natalya, Layla and Alicia Fox in a six Diva Tag match. In her televised debut match, Serena defeated Layla. Her ring name was soon changed to Serena Mancini and once again to Mia Mancini, portraying the character of a mafia boss's daughter. On August 14, Mancini pinned April Lee in a four-way match during the TV taping for FCW's fiftieth episode to win a future opportunity to compete against Angela for her Queen of FCW crown. She followed up on September 3, though it would not air until October 4, with a win over Angela to become the second Queen of FCW. While defending her crown, Mancini began taking on WWE Divas from the televised roster, defeating Tiffany, Natalya, Savannah and Gail Kim. Later in September, Mancini was involved in a backstage segment which was unacknowledged by the commentary team where a mysterious man told her to lose her match against Angela, though she would refuse to. At the February 4, 2010, FCW television tapings, AJ Lee defeated Serena, who incorporated her SmackDown character into the Mancini role, to become the new Queen of FCW. When Matt Martlaro announced that there would be a creation of the FCW Divas Championship, Serena competed in the tournament to determine the inaugural Champion, during which she defeated Aksana and AJ Lee en route to the final where she was defeated by Naomi Night.
The Straight Edge Society (2010)
On the January 22, 2010, edition of SmackDown, Serena appeared, playing the part of an audience member, before jumping over the crowd barrier to join CM Punk's group of straight edge followers; as part of the initiation, she agreed to have her head shaved bald. In a later podcast interview with wrestling journalist Brady Hicks, Serena said of the head shaving: "It was a really unique opportunity. Seeing a woman getting her head shaved was so rare, you don't see it all that often in the history of wrestling. Getting to do it as my debut was really, really cool, and really powerful. I was also very scared about what I was going to look like. There were a lot of uncertainties, but it ended up being really, really great for my career." One week later, she reappeared with Punk and Luke Gallows, now as a member of villainous group the Straight Edge Society, for their match against D-Generation X for the Unified WWE Tag Team Championship. However, Theodore Long changed the title match and instead set up a singles match between Punk and Triple H, during which she and Gallows attacked Triple H, disqualifying Punk in the process. On the July 2, 2010, edition of SmackDown, Serena unwillingly showed video security footage of her drinking alcohol at a bar as an alibi for Punk's whereabouts, raising the ire of The Society; she was forgiven by Punk the next week, though Gallows showed signs of disapproval. This incident was the first of many signs of trouble within the group, leading to Serena's first and only televised match in WWE on August 20 (taped August 17). In a match where she and Gallows would be expelled from The Society if they lost, the duo took on Big Show and Kelly Kelly in a mixed tag team match, where Serena used a gutbuster to pin Kelly. On August 20, Serena was released from her WWE contract, reportedly for not "living out" her straight edge persona in public. Because SmackDown was pre-recorded, her release was not revealed immediately, which gave her one last appearance, airing on August 27 as a valet to Punk and Gallows in separate matches.
Return to Shimmer (2010–2011; 2013)
On September 11, 2010, at the Volume 33 taping for Shimmer, Serena made a surprise return to the promotion, answering Kellie Skater's open challenge and defeating her in a singles match. She then had a verbal confrontation with former partner Portia Perez who accused her of selling out by going to WWE which led to a match at Volume 35 where Serena submitted to a crossface after the referee was distracted from seeing Serena reaching the ropes. She then rekindled her rivalry with Sara Del Rey, who made a speech criticizing her, leading to Serena main eventing Volume 36 in a Four-on-Four Tag Team Elimination match where Serena was eliminated second after Tomoka Nakagawa. In March 2011, Serena defeated Daizee Haze on Volume 37 and was victorious in a tag team match on Volume 38. Serena continued her rivalry with Portia Perez on Volume 39, defeating her via DQ. On Volume 40, Serena defeated Portia Perez, Cheerleader Melissa, and LuFisto in a four-corner survival match to earn a shot at the Shimmer Championship. She got her shot on Volume 41 in October but was defeated by Madison Eagles. Serena lost to Nicole Matthews on Volume 42 after interference from Portia Perez. Serena finished her rivalry with Portia on Volume 43 by defeating her in a no holds barred match.
After 18 months off due to injury, Serena made her return for Shimmer Women Athletes as part of WrestleCon on April 6, 2013. In her return match at the Volume 53 internet pay-per-view, Serena teamed with Allison Danger and Leva Bates to defeat The Midwest Militia (Jessicka Havok, Nevaeh and Sassy Stephie) in a six-woman tag team match, pinning Nevaeh for the win. Afterwards, Serena was attacked by Havok.
Independent circuit (2007–2015)
Due to Shimmer's working relationship with Ring of Honor (ROH), Serena began to make occasional appearances for ROH in 2007 as part of February's Fifth Year Festival, she teamed up with MsChif in a losing effort to the Dangerous Angels (Danger and Del Rey). In the middle of the year she was similarly unsuccessful against Lacey at United We Stand and afterwards received a beating from her Age of The Fall partners Rain and Jimmy Jacobs until Haze saved her. She also came out on the losing end of a Shimmer guest match at 2008's Southern Hostility in a four corner survival match. She returned to ROH for their year-end internet pay-per-view Final Battle 2010 teaming with long-term rival Del Rey against Daizee Haze and Amazing Kong, winning the match after taking out Kong with a spear to let Del Rey pin Haze.
Serena appeared at Total Nonstop Action Wrestling's pay-per-view Slammiversary in June 2008, where she took part in Awesome Kong's $25,000 Fan Challenge in a three-minute squash match, as did fellow OVW and Shimmer wrestler Josie, who signed a contract with the company.
In November 2008 at a Pro Wrestling Syndicate show, Serena wrestled Daffney for the vacant NWA France Women's Championship, which she won. After winning the title, Serena travelled to France to defend the title under the International Catch Wrestling Alliance the following month. At Revolution V in Lille, she defended the title against three-time champion Bella Punk. Despite landing her Spear finisher, Punk's accomplice Gangrel turned the lights out in the arena from which Punk took advantage and pinned Serena after a spike DDT. Serena accompanied Joe E. Legend in the main event against Gangrel, which the latter won.
Serena found herself back in France during March 2009 for American Wrestling Rampage's nine-day tour of France. For most of the events, Serena wrestled fellow Shimmer wrestler Portia Perez, who was the only other woman on the tour. After two losses, Serena managed to pick up a victory but would only gain one more from their eight singles matches. On the final night, she teamed up with Scotty The Hotty to gain a third victory over Perez and Chris Masters in a tag team match.
In November 2010, Serena debuted for Women Superstars Uncensored (WSU) and established herself as a villainess by cutting a promo stating that she should be handed a title shot because she was in WWE. Serena would later gain a victory over Traci Brooks on WSU's first internet pay-per-view (iPPV). Serena followed up by winning a Four Way match over Alicia, Portia Perez and Jana to become number one contender to the WSU Championship. Deeb would target WSU Champion Mercedes Martinez by attacking her after a title defense late that evening and cutting some of Martinez's hair. Serena received her title shot in the main event of WSU's 4 Year Anniversary show where she was defeated by Mercedes. On June 25, 2011, at The Uncensored Rumble IV event Serena defeated Nikki Roxx but was eliminated from the eponymous match by Lexxus, having made it to the final two.
In January 2011, Serena made her first excursion to Japan. While working for Yoshihiro Tajiri's promotion Smash, she wrestled Syuri at Smash.12 and won the match. She remained undefeated by beating Makoto on Smash.13, Kana on Smash.17, Tomoka Nakagawa on Smash.19 in the first round and Syuri on Smash.20 in the semifinals of a tournament for the Smash Diva Championship. On September 8, Serena suffered her first loss in Smash, when she was defeated by Kana in the finals of a tournament to crown the first ever Smash Diva Champion.
On April 19, 2011, Deeb wrestled a dark match in Total Nonstop Action Wrestling, however she lost to Winter.
On October 22, 2011, Deeb announced that she was taking an indefinite break from wrestling, following her doctor's instructions after suffering a serious concussion. Her break ended up lasting eighteen months.
On March 17, 2013, Deeb returned to TNA to take part in the tapings of the Knockout Knockdown pay-per-view, where she was defeated by Mickie James. On July 25, Deeb returned to Japan to work for Smash's follow-up promotion, Wrestling New Classic (WNC), unsuccessfully challenging Lin Byron for the WNC Women's Championship in the main event of a show at Shinjuku Face. Three days later, Deeb made her debut for the JWP Joshi Puroresu promotion, teaming with Hanako Nakamori and Morii in a six-woman tag team match, where they were defeated by Kayoko Haruyama, Leon and Tsubasa Kuragaki. On August 3, Deeb entered a three-woman round-robin tournament for the vacant WNC Women's Championship, defeating Makoto in her first match. On August 8, Deeb defeated Syuri in her second round-robin match, advancing to the finals of the tournament. On August 10, Deeb defeated Syuri in the finals to win the tournament and become the new WNC Women's Champion. Continuing her tour of Japan, Deeb made her debut for the World Woman Pro-Wrestling Diana promotion on September 8, teaming with Makoto in a tag team match, where they were defeated by Crazy Mary and Mima Shimoda. On September 18, Deeb lost the WNC Women's Championship to Syuri in her first defense.
On January 24, 2014, Deeb made her debut for Shine Wrestling, defeating Santana Garrett in a singles match. Following the main event, Deeb joined the promotion's top villainous stable, Valkyrie. Deeb challenged for the Shine Championship against Ivelisse at Shine 20, with their match ending in a time-limit draw.
On March 21, 2014, Deeb debuted for Queens of Combat as a villainess at the promotion's first show, competing in a losing effort to Taeler Hendrix.
Semi-retirement (2015)
On June 17, 2015, the Japanese Reina Joshi Puroresu promotion announced that Deeb would be wrestling her retirement match for the promotion on July 10 in Korakuen Hall. Deeb confirmed this would be her final match on July 9. The following day, Deeb was defeated by Syuri in her retirement match.
Despite her retirement, Deeb made an appearance for TNA on the June 25, 2015, episode of Impact Wrestling in an intergender tag team match. She teamed with James Storm in a losing effort against Mickie James and Magnus.
Return to WWE (2017–2020)
Deeb returned to WWE as part of the first Mae Young Classic on July 13, 2017, defeating Vanessa Borne in the first round. This was Deeb's first match since 2015. The following day, Deeb was eliminated from the tournament in the second round by Piper Niven. It was announced on February 8, 2018, that Deeb has been signed by WWE to become a coach at the Performance Center in Orlando, Florida. She was released on April 15, 2020, amid company-wide cutbacks due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
All Elite Wrestling (2020–present)
Deeb made her All Elite Wrestling (AEW) debut on September 2, 2020, episode of Dynamite, losing to NWA Women's Champion, Thunder Rosa. On September 21, AEW announced that she had signed with the promotion. On September 22, in her first appearance on AEW Dark, Deeb defeated Kilynn King, gaining her first victory in AEW. On October 27, 2020, Deeb faced Rosa again during United Wrestling Network's Primetime Live event, where Deeb defeated Rosa to become the NWA World Women's Champion for the first time in her career. Deeb also defeated Rosa on the November 18 edition of AEW Dynamite by retaining her NWA Women's title.
On the February 17, 2021, episode of Dynamite, Deeb competed in the AEW Women's World Title Eliminator Tournament, where Deeb lost to Riho in the first round at the American bracket. On March 5, Deeb confirmed that she injured her left knee. On May 19, Deeb returned to action taking on Red Velvet defending her championship, Deeb defeated Velvet resulting in Deeb retaining her NWA Women's title. At When Our Shadows Fall, Deeb lost the NWA Women's title to Kamille. On the October 6 episode of Dynamite, Deeb turned heel by attacking Hikaru Shida after she defeated her in a match. On October 27 episode of Dynamite Deeb had a rematch with Shida in the AEW TBS women's championship tournament which Deeb lost and resulted in Deeb attacking Shida again. Deeb would then start using the nickname “the professor” and hosting a “5 minute rookie challenge” where she dominates her inexperienced adversaries.
Personal life
Outside the ring, Deeb works as a yoga instructor. Deeb also works backstage for AEW as a coach for both men's and women's matches. In an interview with The Flagship to promote All Elite Wrestling in October 2022, Deeb mentioned, "I’ve been coaching a little less because I’ve been wrestling more."
Championships and accomplishments
Florida Championship Wrestling
Queen of FCW (1 time)
Great Lakes Championship Wrestling
GLCW Ladies Championship (1 time)
International Catch Wrestling Alliance
NWA France Women's Championship (1 time)
Memphis Championship Wrestling
MCW Women's Championship (1 time)
National Wrestling Alliance
NWA World Women's Championship (1 time)
Ohio Valley Wrestling
OVW Women's Championship (6 times)Pro Wrestling IllustratedRanked No. 11 in the top 150 female wrestlers in the PWI Women's 150 in 2021
Ranked No. 16 of the top 50 female wrestlers in the PWI Female 50'' in 2011
Wrestling New Classic
WNC Women's Championship (1 time)
WNC Women's Championship League (2013)
References
External links
1986 births
21st-century American women
21st-century female professional wrestlers
Living people
All Elite Wrestling personnel
American female professional wrestlers
American yoga teachers
Indiana University Southeast alumni
Oakton High School alumni
Professional wrestlers from Virginia
Professional wrestling trainers
Sportspeople from Fairfax County, Virginia
People from Oakton, Virginia
OVW Women's Champions
Queen of FCW | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serena%20Deeb |
No Pocky for Kitty is the second studio album by American indie rock band Superchunk, released in 1991. Pocky is a popular Japanese snack food.
Production
The album was recorded April 21–23, 1991, at the Chicago Recording Company by Steve Albini. It was released on Matador Records in 1991, and reissued by Merge Records in 1999.
Albini is not credited in the liner notes, which read "Produced with eyes closed by Laura, who sat in the right chair." The reference is to Laura Ballance, the group's bassist.
Critical reception
Trouser Press praised the album's "indelible hooks" and Mac McCaughan’s "opaque yet curiously coercive lyric expression." Paste wrote that the album "captures Superchunk at the ideal cross-section of youthful ebullience and clearheaded experience."
Track listing
"Skip Steps 1 & 3" – 3:07
"Seed Toss" – 2:59
"Cast Iron" – 3:48
"Tower" – 2:47
"Punch Me Harder" – 2:13
"Sprung a Leak" – 3:01
"30 Xtra" – 2:31
"Tie a Rope to the Back of the Bus" – 2:54
"Press" – 2:08
"Sidewalk" – 3:02
"Creek" – 1:41
"Throwing Things" – 3:26
B-sides include "Fishing", "Cool", "The Breadman", "It's So Hard to Fall in Love", "Brand New Love", and "I Believe in Fate".
References
External links
1991 albums
Superchunk albums
Matador Records albums
Albums produced by Steve Albini | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No%20Pocky%20for%20Kitty |
The Biologics Control Act of 1902, also known as the Virus-Toxin Law, was the first law that implemented federal regulations of biological products such as vaccines in the United States. It was enacted in response to two incidents involving the deaths of 22 children who had contracted tetanus from contaminated vaccines. This law paved the way for further regulation of drug products under the Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 and the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938. Biologics control is now under the supervision of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
History
When the large scale production of vaccines and anti-toxin serum began in the late 19th century, the United States had no government regulations on biological products. In 1901, a 5-year-old girl died of tetanus in St. Louis, Missouri, after being given a diphtheria anti-toxin. Investigations found that the St. Louis Board of Health produced the contaminated anti-toxin using the blood of a horse infected with tetanus. While the infected horse, Jim, was killed, the Board of Health continued to use the serum to treat diphtheria. It was later discovered that 12 other children had died from the same contaminated anti-toxin serum in St. Louis. That same year, nine children in Camden, New Jersey, died from contaminated smallpox vaccines. These incidents led the Hygienic Laboratory and the Medical Society of the District of Columbia to propose a law regulating the production of biological products. On July 1, 1902, Congress passed the Biologics Control Act.
Contents of the Act
The Biologics Control Act established a board to oversee the implementation of regulations of biological products. The board consisted of the Surgeon-General of the Army, the Surgeon-General of the Navy, and the Surgeon-General of the Marine Hospital Service, and was to be overseen by the Secretary of the Treasury. This board was given the power to issue, suspend, and revoke licenses to produce and sell biological products. The Biologics Control Act also mandated that all products be labeled accurately with the name of the product and the address and license number of the manufacturer. Laboratories could be subjected to unannounced inspections by the Treasury Department. The punishment for the violation of this law was a fine of up to $500 or up to a year in prison.
Institutions
The Laboratory of Hygiene of the Marine Hospital Service, established on Staten Island, NY, in 1887, was in charge of testing biologics before the Biologics Control Act. It was moved to Washington, D.C., in 1891, and renamed the Hygienic Laboratory of the Public Health and Marine Hospital Service in 1902. The Hygienic Laboratory was responsible for renewing licenses annually, testing products, and performing inspections. In 1930, the Ransdell Act transformed the Hygienic Laboratory into the National Institute of Health and gave it a larger role in public health research. In 1948, the name was changed again to the National Institutes of Health, as it encompassed many institutes and centers dedicated to biomedical research. In 1972, biologics regulation was moved to the Food and Drug Administration and later became known as the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER).
Impact
The Biologics Control Act set a precedent for the federal regulation of biologics such as vaccines and blood components. With the development of biotechnology, the FDA's Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER) has taken a larger role in reviewing and approving new biological products intended for medical purposes, including probiotics, xenotransplantation and gene therapy.
References
57th United States Congress
Vaccination law
United States federal health legislation
1902 in American law
Drug safety
United States biotechnology law
Vaccination in the United States | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biologics%20Control%20Act |
Gerd Tellenbach (17 September 1903 – 12 June 1999) was a German historian and scholar of medieval social and religious history, particularly of the Papacy and German church during the Investiture Controversy and reform movements of the eleventh and twelfth centuries. Tellenbach also made groundbreaking contributions to the study of the medieval nobility and helped establish a new field of research dedicated to mapping social networks and familial ties among medieval elites (Personenforschung). After studying history at the universities of Freiburg and Heidelberg, he taught in Gießen, Münster, and finally the Albert-Ludwigs-Universität in Freiburg, where he served as Rektor (chancellor) in 1949–1950 and again in 1957–1958. From 1962 to 1971, he was director of the German Historical Institute in Rome, a state-sponsored research center dedicated to German-Italian studies and the history of the Papacy in the Middle Ages.
Scholarly influence
Given his extraordinarily long and productive career, Tellenbach ranks as one of the most influential German historians of the twentieth century. At Freiburg, as well as during his tenure as director of the German Historical Institute in Rome, he trained and served as a mentor to a large number of students of medieval history who went on to receive important academic chairs throughout Germany. His most famous student was Karl Schmid (1923–1993), who further developed Tellenbach's research on medieval noble families and pioneered important new techniques in prosopography and source criticism using monastic necrologies and memorial books. Tellenbach's intellectual formation before World War I, and his scholarly maturation following the catastrophe of the Second World War, also lent his scholarship a unique perspective. Tellenbach's research in church history, as well as in political and social history, broke with long-standing nationalistic and highly confessional and politicized accounts and instead stressed long-term structural changes as well as intellectual and cultural forces in society. His conception of the Investiture Controversy as an epochal clash of opposing ideologies about "right order in the world," (hierocratic vs. monarchic) was certainly formed as a young scholar witnessing the vicious political conflicts that engulfed the universities in the 1930s and 1940s. Throughout his career, and particularly in his publicly visible role as university Rektor, he remained a thoughtful and forceful advocate of academic and intellectual freedom as critical components of liberal democracy. His brother, Reinhard Tellenbach, a very successful surgeon in Munich, has created a wonderful exhibition about his brothers' life and work. He lives in Munich with his wife and their three children Christina, Stefan and Anna.
Selected works
Libertas. Kirche und Weltordnung im Zeitalter des Investiturstreits (Stuttgart, 1936); English trans.: Church, State and Christian Society at the Time of the Investiture Controversy (Oxford, 1938)
"Vom karolingischen Reichsadel zum deutschen Reichsfürstenstand," in Adel und Bauer im deutschen Staat des Mittelalters, ed. Theodor Mayer (Leipzig, 1943)
"Zur Erforschung des hochmittelalterlichen Adels (IX-XII Jh.), in XIIme Congres internationale des sciences historiques. Rapports I (Vienna, 1965)
Die Westliche Kirche vom 10. bis frühen 12. Jahrhundert (Göttingen, 1988); English trans.: The church in western Europe from the tenth to the early twelfth century (Cambridge, 1993)
References
1903 births
1999 deaths
German medievalists
German historians of religion
University of Freiburg alumni
Academic staff of the University of Münster
Writers from Berlin
20th-century German historians
German male non-fiction writers
Knights Commander of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
Recipients of the Order of Merit of Baden-Württemberg
Corresponding Fellows of the British Academy | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerd%20Tellenbach |
Canton Local School District is a school district in a suburb south of Canton, Ohio, United States. It is a public school district for the students living in the area of Canton Township and Pike Township. The area is commonly referred to as "Canton South".
Schools
The school district is made up of Canton South High School, Canton South Middle School and Faircrest Elementary School.
Former schools
Walker elementary was the district middle school until 1984, and the district had five other schools: Waco Elementary, Trump Elementary, Prairie College Elementary, Amos McDannel Elementary and North Industry Elementary. Waco Elementary was sold to a private owner, Trump Elementary was converted into the Rosemary Johnson Child Development Center (named for the former principal of the school), North Industry Elementary school was shut down, Amos McDannel Elementary was sold to the township fire department and Prairie College Elementary was demolished in 2014. When these schools left the district, Walker Middle School was converted to Walker Elementary, and the student body from the five schools was consolidated over time.
External links
Official website
School districts in Stark County, Ohio | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canton%20Local%20School%20District |
The Fairless Local School District is a public school district in Stark County, Ohio, United States. The district covers in southwestern Stark County and serves students south of Massillon including the villages of Beach City, Brewster, Navarre, and Wilmot, and the townships of Sugar Creek and Bethlehem. The Pre–5 elementary school houses about 840 students as well as a small preschool wing, the middle school for grades 6–8 houses 440 students, and Fairless High School is home to 650 students in grades 9 through 12.
Schools
The district operates three schools, all located along Navarre Road in Sugar Creek Township, just southeast of Brewster and approximately southwest of Navarre. District administrative offices are located inside Fairless High School.
Fairless Elementary School
Grades K–5
Opened September 10, 2007
Fairless Middle School
Grades 6–8
Opened September 10, 2007
Fairless High School
Grades 9–12
Completed and opened August 2023
Historic schools
Navarre Elementary School, Navarre. Demolished.
Brewster Elementary School, Brewster. Demolished.
Beach City Elementary School, Beach City. Demolished.
Wilmot Elementary School, Wilmot. Building now owned by Faith Christian Academy.
Fairless High School (former), Navarre. Demolished.
Flag
The school has a flag, the flag's design consists of a Navy blue swallow-tail with four silver stars in each corner, in the centre is a silver falcon with text underneath that reads "Fairless"
External links
School districts in Stark County, Ohio | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fairless%20Local%20School%20District |
The Ḥawqala () or the La Hawla () is an Arabic term referring to the Arabic statement () which is usually translated as "There is no power nor strength except by God."
This expression is mentioned by a Muslim when seized by a calamity or in a situation beyond their control, usually when being oppressed or forcefully put through suffering. The English western equivalent expression is Oh my god or oh my (expletive) God or Jesus christ! The word Ḥawqala is a portmanteau (or naḥt) of the words ḥawla and quwwata.
A longer version is (), meaning "There is no power nor strength except by Allah the Lofty, the Great".
See also
Basmala
Tasbih
Dhikr
References
Arabic words and phrases | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawqala |
Norah Baring (26 November 1905 – 8 February 1985), born Nora Minnie Baker, was an English stage and film actress most famous on screen for portraying "Diana Baring" in the Alfred Hitchcock thriller Murder! (1930). She is also known for playing the female lead in Anthony Asquith's silent thriller A Cottage on Dartmoor (1929). Baring studied art prior to becoming an actress.
Filmography
Underground (1928)
Parisiennes (1928)
The Celestial City (1929)
The Runaway Princess (1929)
A Cottage on Dartmoor (1929)
Murder! (1930)
Should a Doctor Tell? (1930)
Two Worlds (1930)
At the Villa Rose (1930)
The Lyons Mail (1931)
Strange Evidence (1933)
The House of Trent (1933)
Little Stranger (1934)
References
External links
1905 births
1985 deaths
English film actresses
English silent film actresses
20th-century English actresses
Actresses from London | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norah%20Baring |
The Holy is a novel by bestselling author Daniel Quinn (who wrote the novel Ishmael), published in October 2002 by Context Books, about a man's quest to find ancient "false gods". The novel's genre is not easily classifiable but has elements of horror, thriller and new age mysticism about it, together with some coherent themes interlaced regarding consumerism, the environment, the sacredness of nature and the pitfalls of religious faith.
Plot summary
Aaron, a wealthy amateur scholar, hires sexagenarian private investigator Howard, whom he meets at a chess club in Chicago to which they both belong, to investigate the gods Baal, Ashtoroth and Moloch, that were worshipped for centuries in Israel during a period of antiquity when the God of Abraham had fallen into disfavor. As Aaron says to Howard while proposing the task, referring to story of Exodus of the Old Testament:
Although Howard initially turns down the case, thinking Aaron is either crazy or a fool, Aaron is dogged, and increases his offer of reward until Howard eventually relents. However, Howard only agrees to work on the problem for one month to test whether any inroads can be made into the peculiar case.
It is indeed a problem — how to even begin investigating a trail that is centuries cold. Howard turns to a psychic for help, who using a Tarot card reading, sets Howard on a path which leads him to a young boy named Tim from Indiana, in whom the gods have taken an interest. Tim's father, who was in the midst of a mid-life crisis, has recently disappeared. Howard helps Tim in his quest to locate and determine what has become of his father. In their quest they are dogged by supernatural events that are eventually revealed as the workings of the gods who may be "false," but who are, nevertheless, real.
Literary significance & criticism
The Holy book review
Release details
2002, USA, Context Books , Pub date ? September 2002, hardcover (First edition)
2002, USA, Zoland Books , Pub date 3 January 2006, paperback
References
Claude Lalumière (2003). The Holy. Retrieved April 29, 2006.
Jan Lundberg (2002). Be Yourself, Spiritual Man; an essay on The Holy. Retrieved April 29, 2006.
2002 American novels
Novels by Daniel Quinn
Novels set in Chicago | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Holy |
Jackson Local Schools is a school district located in Jackson Township, Stark County, Ohio, United States.
The district includes: four elementary schools, one middle school and one high school. The district's mascot are the Polar Bears. U.S. News & World Report consistently ranks Jackson High School as one of the top 9-12 educational institutions in Ohio and among the top 6% in the country. BackgroundCheck.org ranked the Jackson Local School District the top district in Ohio.
Jackson Local Schools' superintendent is Chris DiLoreto who has held said position since August 2011.
Schools
Elementary schools (K-5)
Amherst Elementary School
Lake Cable Elementary School
Sauder Elementary School
Strausser Elementary School
Middle school (6-8)
Jackson Memorial Middle School
High school (9-12)
Jackson High School
Notes
External links
Official Site
School districts in Stark County, Ohio | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jackson%20Local%20School%20District |
Seth Merrill Gates (October 16, 1800 – August 24, 1877) was an American merchant, attorney and politician. He served as a member of the New York State Assembly and as a United States representative from the U.S. state of New York.
Early life
Gates was born in Winfield, New York, the son of Seth Gates and Abigail (Merrill) Gates. In 1806, he moved to Sheldon, New York, with his family. He attended the common schools and Middlebury Academy located in the village of Wyoming, New York, before working as a teacher.
Career
He became inspector of the common schools, and in 1825, he served as the deputy sheriff of Le Roy, New York. He studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1827. He began the practice of law in Le Roy and served as supervisor of Le Roy in 1830.
In 1832, he served as a Whig member of the New York State Assembly. He declined to be a candidate for renomination. He was elected as an antislavery member of the twenty-sixth and twenty seventh U.S. Congresses, serving from March 4, 1839, to March 3, 1843. While in Congress, he drafted the protest signed by the Whigs in Congress against the Texas annexation. He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection.
In 1843, he moved to Warsaw, New York, and continued the practice of law. He was also engaged in the lumber trade and a merchant. In 1848, on the Barnburners and Free Soil ticket, and in 1852, on the Free Democratic ticket, he was twice an unsuccessful candidate for Lieutenant Governor of New York. Due to his pronounced hostility to slavery, a southern planter offered $500 for his apprehension. From 1851-1865, he was the secretary of the Wyoming County Insurance Company. In 1861, he was appointed postmaster at Warsaw, serving until 1870.
Death
Gates died on August 24, 1877, in Warsaw, and is interred in Warsaw Cemetery. His home, the Seth M. Gates House, at Warsaw, New York, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.
References
External links
1800 births
1877 deaths
Democratic Party members of the New York State Assembly
New York (state) Free Soilers
People from Warsaw, New York
People from Winfield (town), New York
Whig Party members of the United States House of Representatives from New York (state)
People from Le Roy, New York
People from Sheldon, New York
19th-century American politicians | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seth%20M.%20Gates |
Lake Local Schools is a school district located in Stark County, Ohio, United States. The district serves most of Lake Township (including the village of Hartville) except for the southwestern quarter of the township, which is served by the North Canton City School District. The district also serves very small portions of Marlboro Township, and Suffield Township in Portage County.
The schools in this district include: Lake Primary School, serving grades Pre-K through 1, Lake Elementary School, serving grades 2 through 6, and Lake Middle/High School, serving grades 7 through 12. The superintendent of the Lake Local School District is Kevin Tobin.
Bond Issue 14
On Tuesday, May 5, 2015, the voters of Lake township passed Lake Local Schools Issue 14. The issue passed with voter counts of 2,922 votes yes and 2,509 votes no. Including 44 voters who abstained, overall turnout was 39.4% of the township electorate. The levy was proposed as a $34.6 million bond issue over 36 years. Included with the bond were two operating levies:a $1.5 million permanent levy and a $.5 million continuous levy. Homeowners would pay $221 in additional taxes if they owned a $100,000 home, which would result in approximately $2.5 million in new revenue for the school district.
Structural Deficiencies
Hartville Elementary was 93 years old in 2015 and structurally deficient to contemporary standards. Lake Elementary, attached to Hartville, would need to be replaced in conjunction. At the middle school building, issues included air quality, the dissolving conditions of the supporting west wall, and other logistical issues caused by the design of the then 36-year-old building. The repairs of such issues would cost approximately $14 million and a replacement of the school comparatively $21 million. Project architects believe that the levy is justified by state standards which suggest a school should be replaced when renovation costs are two thirds or greater of the replacement cost. The high school requires $15 million in renovations. These come after a 1999 construction project that largely focused on the high school and not the middle school. A replacement of the high school at the time of the bond issue was $39 million.
Proposed Building improvements
The district will restructure its schools and the grades they will contain. Lake Elementary and Hartville Elementary will be combined into a single school containing grades 2–6. Uniontown Elementary will house the districts k-2 school. The high school will now include 7th and 8th grades. Uniontown Elementary will be receiving a 9,700 square foot addition and 49,000 square feet of complete renovation of the current building. The additions at Uniontown include a new gymnasium, media center, and lunchroom. The new 2-6 building includes a 135,000 square foot addition and will receive a new mailing address. The 7-12 building will feature 64,000 square feet of renovations and 110,123 square feet of additions.
Funding Issues
Officials of the campaign to pass bond issue 14 promoted the issue believing $58 million of Ohio School Facilities Commission would be coming from a tobacco company lawsuit from 2007. The settlement in 2007 resulted in $4.1 billion for the commission. A spokesman for Ohio Facilities Construction Commission confirmed that these funds were exhausted in fiscal year 2011, four years prior to the passage of bond issue 14. The spokeswoman for Lake Local schools Karen Koch claimed after that the school wouldn't have promoted the tobacco lawsuit money if they had known it wasn't available. The funding for the project would come from state dollars, now backed by bonds sold by the Ohio general revenue fund and money allocated by legislators.“We had no idea whatsoever... Back in 2009 and 2011 when the schools tried to pass those bond issues, that (tobacco settlement) money was there, (We) were not aware that the money was not still available in 2015... We didn’t ask that question and they didn’t share it.” -Karen Koch on funding for the bond issue
References
External links
School districts in Stark County, Ohio | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake%20Local%20School%20District%20%28Stark%20County%29 |
Francisco José Blanco is a chemist working on structural biology at the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), in Madrid, Spain. His research utilizes Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy to characterize protein structure and interactions relevant in cancer. Early in his career he worked in protein folding, describing the formation of β-hairpin structures in short linear peptides. He has co-authored 121 scientific publications that have been cited over 5000 times, with an h-index of 39.
References
Spanish medical researchers
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco%20J.%20Blanco |
Louisville City School District is a public school district serving students in Louisville, Ohio, United States. Serving over 1,000 students, the district is centered on the city of Louisville and includes most of the surrounding Nimishillen Township.
Schools
Elementary schools
Louisville Elementary School - newly constructed and opened in 2012, the new Louisville Elementary replaces the former Louisville Elementary School, Fairhope Elementary School, and Pleasant Grove Elementary School.
North Nimishillen Elementary School
Middle schools
Louisville Middle School - newly constructed and opened in 2004, this building replaces the former Louisville Middle School, built in 1924.
High schools
Louisville High School (Ohio) - originally built in 1964, this school has undergone numerous additions and renovations, in 1967, 2004, and 2011.
Rated by U.S. News & World Report with Silver medal for one of the Best High Schools in the nation for testing and college readiness
Former Schools
Fairhope Elementary School (closed and demolished in 2012)
Pleasant Grove Elementary School (closed and demolished in 2012)
State Report Card
2016-2017 Report Card
References
External links
Official Site
School districts in Stark County, Ohio | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louisville%20City%20School%20District |
Marlington Local Schools is a school district located in Stark County, Ohio, United States.
There are five schools in the Marlington district: Washington Elementary School, Marlboro Elementary School, Lexington Elementary School, Marlington Middle School, and Marlington High School.
They have many sports teams such as football, basketball and wrestling. They have the Little Dukes for elementary students and Dukes for MMS (Marlington Middle School) and MHS (Marlington High School. Their Jersey is orange, black and white resembling Marlington colors. They have great teachers and staff. Some of their schools got into the hall of fame for schools.
External links
Official Site
School districts in Stark County, Ohio | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marlington%20Local%20School%20District |
Water Island may refer to:
Water Island, New York, a hamlet in Suffolk County, on Fire Island
Water Island, U.S. Virgin Islands, acquired by the USA in 1917 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20Island |
The Royal Saudi Navy () or Royal Saudi Naval Forces (), is the maritime arm of the Saudi Arabian Armed Forces and one of the five service branches of the Ministry of Defense of Saudi Arabia. Its primary role is monitoring and defending the Saudi territorial waters against military or economic intrusion, and participating in international naval alliances.
The Navy operates from multiple bases along the Saudi coastline, with two fleets.
The Eastern Fleet operates in the Persian Gulf from the King Abdulaziz Naval Base at Jubail.
The Western Fleet operates in the Red Sea from the King Faisal Naval Base at Jeddah.
Each fleet has a full military capability including warships, support ships, administrative and technical support, naval aviation, marines and special security units.
History
The Navy was founded in 1960 and began a significant expansion with United States assistance in 1972 aiming to match the Imperial Iranian Navy. Following the Iranian Revolution a further expansion programme, Sawari, was initiated with French assistance. Further vessels were purchased from Britain and France in the 1980s and 1990s. In 1980, U.S. defense contractor Science Applications International Corporation began work with the Royal Saudi Navy to design and integrate the country's own command, control, and communications (C3) centers.
Ships
The navy is a modern force with foreign built ships:
French-built frigates and support vessels
U.S.-built corvettes and patrol boats
British-built s
Frigates
4 Multi-Mission Surface Combatant (MMSC) ordered by Royal Saudi Navy in 2019. The ship is derived from the Freedom-class littoral combat ship but with upgraded features. The deliveries of the MMSC will begin in June 2023.
3 Al Riyadh-class frigates are modified versions of the (built by DCN, Lorient). Each has a fully loaded displacement of 4,725 tons, and is armed with eight MBDA Exocet MM40 Block II surface-to-surface missiles (SSM), two eight-cell Sylver vertical launch systems for the Eurosam (MBDA and Thales) Aster 15 surface-to-air missile (SAM), an Oto Melara 76 mm/62 Super Rapid gun, and four 533 mm aft torpedo tubes. The ships are armed with the DCNS F17 heavyweight anti-submarine torpedo. The helicopter deck at the stern has a single landing spot for a medium size helicopter, such as the Eurocopter AS 365 Dauphin or the larger AS 532 Cougar or NH90 helicopters.
4 Al Madinah-class frigates based in the Red Sea, built in France (Arsenal de Marine, Lorient (French Government Dockyard and CNIM, La Seyne) in the mid-1980s. Their full load displacement is 2,610 tons and they are armed with eight Otomat surface-to-surface missiles, one 8-cell Crotale surface-to-air missile launcher (26 missiles total), one 100 mm/44 dual purpose gun, two 40 mm anti-aircraft guns, four torpedo tubes, an aft helicopter deck and hangar; one Dauphin helicopter.
It was believed the Saudis intended to order two new British-built Type 45 destroyers, however production of the destroyers came to an end with no order made. Another destroyer that the Saudis are considering is the American built , having been briefed by the US Navy in May 2011 on the acquisition of two destroyers in a package that also includes an unknown number of Littoral Combat Ships.
Corvettes
5 Avante-class corvettes ordered by Royal Saudi Navy in 2018. The corvettes built by Spanish company Navantia.
4 s built in the United States in 1981–83, based in the Persian Gulf, full load displacement of 1,038 tons, armament of eight Harpoon SSM, one 76 mm OTO Melara DP gun, one 20 mm Phalanx CIWS, two 20 mm guns, one 81 mm mortar, two 40 mm grenade launchers, two triple 12.75 inch torpedo tubes.
Patrol boats
9 Al Sadiq-class patrol boats built in the United States (Peterson Builders, Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin) 1972–1980, full load displacement of 495 tons, armed with four Harpoon SSM, one 76 mm OTO gun, one 20 mm Phalanx CIWS, two 20 mm guns, one 81 mm mortar, two 40 mm grenade launchers, two triple 12.75 inch torpedo tubes.
Possible sale of 30 Mark V Special Operations Craft
Minesweepers
3 s (built by Vosper Thornycroft, Woolston), full load displacement of 480 tons:
Support vessels
2 French built (modified replenishment ships built by CN La Ciotat, with a helicopter deck aft and hangars for 2 helicopters.
Others
Many smaller patrol craft, two Danish-built royal yachts
Prince Abdul Aziz (1983–84) – built by Helsingør Værft
Al Yamana (Built for Iraq 1981; entered service in Saudi Arabia in 1988)
Naval aviation
Marines
The Royal Saudi Navy maintains two, 1,500-man marine brigades consisting of three battalions each. The brigades are assigned to the Western Fleet headquartered in Jeddah and the Eastern Fleet headquartered in Jubail. The brigades are equipped with 200 Pegaso BMR AFVs and HMMWVs.
Future
Germany will supply 48 patrol boats to Saudi Arabia within the framework of its border security project, a cost of 1.5 billion euros has been noted for this deal. Lürssen has already started building 15 patrol vessels for the project's first phase. The patrol boats to be procured under the current contract come in two forms. The first are the 'TNC 35' models, which are 35-meter-long and are propelled by two diesel engines with a combined output of 7,800 kilowatts. The boat can reach speeds of up to 40 knots. The second models, 'FPB 38' are 38-meter-long and can reach speeds of up to 31 knots. As of November 2016 1 TNC 35 has been delivered to Saudi Arabia.
Saudi Arabia wants to buy five German submarines for around €2.5 billion ($3.4 billion) and more than two dozen more in the future.
In December 2014, the U.S. awarded Lockheed Martin a contract for a Foreign Military Sale of the Mk 41 Vertical Launching System to Saudi Arabia. With no surface ships compatible with the Mk 41 and no plans to acquire a land-based missile defense system, this indicates the country is close to purchasing a VLS-equipped surface combatant. Saudi Arabia has evaluated the and the Multi-mission Combat Ship version of the able to carry a VLS. In October 2015, the US Congress was informed of a possible sale of Multi-Mission Surface Combatant (MMSC) Ships, a variant of the LCS.
In July 2018 it was announced that Navantia had signed an agreement with the Royal Saudi Navy for the production of 5 Avante 2000 Corvettes with the last to be delivered by 2022 at a cost of approximately 2 billion Euros.
Bases
Jeddah (Al-Qadima military port)– Red Sea base home to the navy's Western fleet for frigates and 2 missile boats, 1 replenishing ship and 1 patrol minesweeper; located north of the King Faisal Naval Base air station and south of the container port area
Jubail – Persian Gulf base is home to the navy's Eastern fleet; smaller base home to corvettes, replenishing ship remaining missile boats and minesweepers
Dammam (Ras Al-Ghar military port) – Persian Gulf home port for the Saudi Royal family's two Royal Yachts
Ranks
Officer ranks
Other ranks
The rank insignia of non-commissioned officers and enlisted personnel.
Incidents
On 30 January 2017 Al-Madinah was attacked by Houthi rebels using a suicide boat, killing 2 sailors and wounding 3 others. The attack took place near the port city of Al Hudaydah, 150 kilometers southwest of the Yemeni capital Sana'a.
References
See also
Coast guard
Sources
Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1947–1995
Notes
Navy
Navies by country
Military units and formations established in 1789
18th-century establishments in the Arabian Peninsula
1789 establishments in Asia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal%20Saudi%20Navy |
The Shyness Clinic is a clinic founded in the late 1970s by Dr. Philip Zimbardo at Stanford University. Its goal is to research cognitive traits in people with shyness and to offer treatment programs for those specific impairments. It was later moved to the community of Palo Alto, California. The clinic follows a "social fitness model", which encourages people to exercise socially.
References
The Shy Break Free – Chicago Tribune
Facing fears helps shyness, experts say
Timidity troubles? (help for shy businesspeople) (Brief Article)
External links
Official Website
Clinics in California
Shyness
Medical and health organizations based in California | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Shyness%20Clinic |
Massillon City School District is a public school district serving students in the city of Massillon, Ohio, United States. The district currently consists of one 9-12 grade high school, one 4-8 grade middle school, three K-3 grade neighborhood elementary schools, and one preschool. The Massillon City School District is the main district in Massillon serving much of the city-limits.
Schools
Massillon Public Preschool (PK)
Franklin Elementary (K-3)
Gorrell Elementary (K-3)
Whittier Elementary (K-3)
Massillon Middle (4-8) (Combination of Massillon Intermediate & Jr High)
Washington High (9-12)
History
In 1848 the citizens of Massillon passed a school levy to build the first public school in the city called Union School. With the growth of the city due to the canal port and the arrival of the railroad, a second school was built on the city's west side called West Massillon Union School in 1866.
With more people moving to the city in search of jobs, more schools were constructed to accommodate the influx of children into the city. Cherry Street Elementary was built in 1881, West Main School in 1884, Lincoln Elementary school in 1888, and State Street School in 1896.
In 1894, Massillon Union High School played its first football game against Canton Central High School. The football team mascot became the Tigers, the same mascot used by the Massillon Tigers professional club team. The Massillon Tigers would celebrate their first undefeated season in 1909.
Oak Park elementary school was built in 1901 and was renamed Emerson Elementary in 1913, and Harvey Elementary school was built in 1910. In 1912 a new high school was built near downtown and was named Washington High School in honor of the country's first president.
In 1915, West Brookfield School (constructed in 1905) located on the city's far west side became part of the Massillon city school district. Edmund A. Jones Junior High School and Horace Mann Elementary School were both opened in 1920, and Lorin Andrews Junior High (named for Lorin Andrews) and Longfellow Junior High School (site of the original Union School) opened in 1923.
In 1929, Vinedale School located on the city's far east side (built in 1905) became part of the Massillon school district and was renamed Lewis E. York Elementary School. Lewis E. York Elementary was replaced with a new building in 1939, along with the construction of Whittier Elementary (replacing the State Street school) and a new building replacing the original Emerson Elementary school.
The year 1939 was also the year a new 18,000 seat football stadium was constructed on the city's east side to accommodate the success of the Massillon Tiger football team, which was coached by Paul Brown during this period. The stadium was named Tiger Stadium, replacing Massillon Athletic Field built and dedicated in 1924 with Paul Brown in attendance as a Junior QB on Massillon team. The stadium was renamed Paul Brown Tiger Stadium in 1976 in honor of Paul Brown.
In 1957, Franklin Elementary and Gorrell Elementary schools were built. A new Lincoln Elementary school building was built in 1958, and Bowers Elementary school was built in 1965 on the city's far west side replacing the West Brookfield school. L. J. Smith Elementary was built in 1966.
The 1970s and 80s was a trying time for the city and the school district, when the city experienced a steep decline in its manufacturing and steel industry. The first downsizing of district school buildings in the history of the school system resulted in the closing of Horace Mann elementary school in 1974, Jones Junior High School in 1980, and both Harvey and Lincoln elementary schools in 1981.
The 1990s was the start of a new era in the Massillon City School District with voters passing a levy in 1991 to construct a new Washington High School next to Paul Brown Tiger Stadium on the city's east side. Voters approved another levy in 2005 to construct a new 5-8th grade middle school on the city's west side, replacing both Longfellow and Lorin Andrew Junior High Schools. However, in 2012 the school district closed two elementary schools: Bowers and Emerson. Along with Washington High School and the new Massillon Middle School, the district continues to operate three elementary schools: Franklin, Whittier, and Gorrell. Massillon Middle School Changed into a 4th-6th grade Intermediate School and a 7th-8th Jr. High School. Smith Elementary also closed and is used to house administration offices and Massillon Public Preschool.
In 2019, the district proposed a project that would replace the districts 4 ageing elementary (and preschool) buildings. Under this plan there would be 2 new PK-3 elementary buildings on each side of the city. East Side Elementary is to be built on the current Washington High/Athletic campus while the West Side Elementary will be on the Massillon Middle Campus. The design prosses is expected to be complete in 2023 and the building are to open for the 2025-2026 school year.
References
External links
Official site
School districts in Stark County, Ohio | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massillon%20City%20School%20District |
Minerva Local School District is a rural public school district serving students in the tri-county area between Columbiana, Carroll, and Stark counties, and the village of Minerva, also a part of Paris township. The district is made up of 3 schools located along the bustling U.S. Route 30.
Minerva Elementary (K-5) 850 students
Minerva Middle (6-8) 450 students
Minerva High (9-12) 600 students
11th and 12th grade students also have the chance to go to R. G. Drage Career Center.
References
External links
Official Site
School districts in Stark County, Ohio | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minerva%20Local%20School%20District |
North Canton City School District is a public school district serving students in North Canton, Ohio, United States.
The district serves city of North Canton except for some small portions that are instead served by the Plain Local School District. However, this district also includes most of the southwestern quarter of Lake Township.
The district schools include an early childhood center serving preschool (Mary L Evens), two elementary schools serving grades K-2 (Clearmont, Northwood) and two intermediate schools serving grades 3–5 (Greentown, Orchard Hill). Students from grades 6-8 attend North Canton Middle School, and grades 9-12 are housed in Hoover High School.
The district's colors are orange and black, and the mascot is the Vikings (often shortened to "Vikes").
In 2023 two new schools are to open. North Canton Primary is to house all PK-2 students and North Canton Intermediate will house all 3-5 students. The 5 schools that will no longer be needed, will be demolished or used for other purposes.
References
External links
Official Site
School districts in Stark County, Ohio | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North%20Canton%20City%20School%20District |
Northwest Local Schools is a school district located in Stark County, Ohio. The district enrolls students from City of Canal Fulton, Village of Clinton (Summit County), Lawrence Township and Franklin Township.
Schools
Northwest Primary School (K-2)
W.S. Stinson Upper Elementary School (3-5)
Northwest Middle School (6-8)
Northwest High School (9-12)
External links
District website
School districts in Stark County, Ohio | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest%20Local%20School%20District%20%28Stark%20County%29 |
Osnaburg Local School District (East Canton local schools) is a school district located in Stark County, Ohio, United States. It has around 880 students in Pre-K-12. There mascot is the hornets, and their colors are blue and gold
The distract has one building housing all Pre-K-12 students though they are split up between elementary, middle and high school.
East Canton high school is the districts only high school.
School districts in Stark County, Ohio
School districts in Ohio | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osnaburg%20Local%20School%20District |
This is a list of cities, towns, unincorporated communities, counties, and other places in the U.S. state of Arizona, which start with the letter G. This list is derived from the Geographic Names Information System, which has numerous errors, so it also includes many ghost towns and historical places that are not necessarily communities or actual populated places. This list also includes information on the number and names of counties in which the place lies, its lower and upper ZIP code bounds, if applicable, its U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) reference number(s) (called the GNIS), class as designated by the USGS, and incorporated community located in (if applicable).
G
References | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20places%20in%20Arizona%20%28G%29 |
Ñuble Province (, ) was one of the provinces of the Chilean region of Bío Bío (VIII). It used to span an area of and it was administratively constituted by 21 communes. It has in 2017 a population of 441,604 inhabitants. Its capital was the city of Chillán. On the 6th of September of 2018, the province became the Ñuble Region.
History
The province was created in 1974 from the territory of the historical province of Ñuble. Two years later, the communes of Coelemu and Ránquil from Concepción Province, and the commune of Tucapel from Bío Bío Province, were added.
Following the 8.8 magnitude earthquake and tsunami, at least eight small communities and two towns were abandoned by residents, who took up makeshift camps in the hills, fearful of further tsunamis. Over 800 residences in the town of Quirihue were destroyed, leaving little for townspeople to return to.
In 2015 the Ñuble Region law which converts the Ñuble Province into a Region, was proposed. In August 2017 a law to create the new territorial division was promulgated by the President of the Republic in Chillán. It became operational on 6 September 2018.
Administration
As a province, Ñuble was a second-level administrative division of Chile, governed by a provincial governor who was appointed by the president.
Communes
The province used to comprise 21 communes, each governed by a municipality consisting of an elected alcalde and municipal council.
Bulnes
Cobquecura
Coelemu
Coihueco
Chillán
Chillán Viejo
El Carmen
Ninhue
Ñiquén (San Gregorio de Ñiquén)
Pemuco
Pinto
Portezuelo
Quillón
Quirihue
Ránquil
San Carlos
San Fabián
San Ignacio
San Nicolás
Treguaco
Yungay
See also
Ñuble Region
References
Former provinces of Chile
Provinces of Biobío Region | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%91uble%20Province%20%281974%E2%80%932018%29 |
This is a list of cities, towns, unincorporated communities, counties, and other places in the U.S. state of Arizona, which start with the letter O. This list is derived from the Geographic Names Information System, which has numerous errors, so it also includes many ghost towns and historical places that are not necessarily communities or actual populated places. This list also includes information on the number and names of counties in which the place lies, its lower and upper ZIP code bounds, if applicable, its U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) reference number(s) (called the GNIS), class as designated by the USGS, and incorporated community located in (if applicable).
O
References | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20places%20in%20Arizona%20%28O%29 |
This is a list of cities, towns, unincorporated communities, counties, and other places in the U.S. state of Arizona, which start with the letter S. This list is derived from the Geographic Names Information System, which has numerous errors, so it also includes many ghost towns and historical places that are not necessarily communities or actual populated places. This list also includes information on the number and names of counties in which the place lies, its lower and upper ZIP code bounds, if applicable, its U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) reference number(s) (called the GNIS), class as designated by the USGS, and incorporated community located in (if applicable).
S–Sa
Sc–Sh
Si–So
Sp–St
Su–Sz
Notes
References | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20places%20in%20Arizona%20%28S%29 |
This is a list of cities, towns, unincorporated communities, counties, and other places in the U.S. state of Arizona, which start with the letters U or V. This list is derived from the Geographic Names Information System, which has numerous errors, so it also includes many ghost towns and historical places that are not necessarily communities or actual populated places. This list also includes information on the number and names of counties in which the place lies, its lower and upper ZIP code bounds, if applicable, its U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) reference number(s) (called the GNIS), class as designated by the USGS, and incorporated community located in (if applicable).
W
Y
Z
References | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20places%20in%20Arizona%20%28W%E2%80%93Z%29 |
Stark County Area Vocational School District is a school district located in Stark County, Ohio, United States. It operates the R.G. Drage Career Center located in Massillon, Ohio.
External links
R.G. Drage Official Site
School districts in Stark County, Ohio | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stark%20County%20Area%20Vocational%20School%20District |
Stark County Educational Service Center is a school district located in Stark County, Ohio, United States.
External links
Official Site
School districts in Stark County, Ohio | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stark%20County%20Educational%20Service%20Center |
Sandy Valley Local Schools is a school district located in Stark County, Ohio, United States, despite that the schools are in Tuscarawas County. There are three schools, Sandy Valley Elementary, Sandy Valley Middle School and Sandy Valley High School. (SV is considered a Stark County district because the majority of area in the district falls within Stark County. The district also extends into Tuscarawas County (where the campus is located) and Carroll County)
The schools had been made up of East Sparta Elementary, Magnolia Elementary, Waynesburg Elementary, and the Sandy Valley High/Jr. High school. Magnolia housed grade Kindergarten-2nd, Waynesburg held grades 3 and 4. And lastly East Sparta held grades 5–6. The Jr.High/High school held grades 7–12.In 2008 the NEW Elementary was finished right off of route 183. They held a dedication in August and that same year grades Kindergarten-5 moved into the new school. While 6-12 grades stayed in the Old High school/Jr.High until January 20, 2009, when they had a ceremonial walk in 20 degree weather over to the new school—It was only about a parking lot distance away, a small one at that.-- Sandy Valley is home to THE CARDINALS and their colors are Red and gray but are sometimes accented with white. Their best sports consist of track, basketball, cross country, softball and wrestling. They often send runners and wrestlers to state level competition, and have also had success in tournament action with their softball team.
The former elementary schools were once the local high schools, prior to the creation of the Sandy Valley Local School District. Excellent historical information on the original buildings and district history is available from the Magnolia Historical Society or Pike Township Historical Society.
Current administration includes:
Board of Education:
President Scot Bowman (term ends Dec. 31, 2015)
Vice President Lynne Herstine (term ends Dec. 31, 2015)
Member Dennis Corsi (term ends Dec. 31, 2017)
Member Joe Wigfield (term ends Dec. 31, 2015)
Member Isaiah Winters (term ends Dec. 31, 2017)
Superintendent David Fischer
Treasurer Daryll Woolf
Operations Manager Doug Neading
Curriculum Director Patty Main
High School Principal Matt Whitted
Middle School Principal Melissa Kiehl
Elementary Principal Victor Johnson
External links
Official Site
School districts in Stark County, Ohio | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandy%20Valley%20Local%20School%20District |
Tuslaw Local Schools is a public school district located in Stark County, Ohio, United States and serves most of Tuscarawas Township, the southern half of Lawrence Township, and western portions of the City of Massillon.
The school district was formed in 1965, consolidating four rural districts Moffit, Beech Grove, North Lawrence, and Newman. Prior to the district's formation, students in these outlying areas would attend high school in Massillon. The Tuslaw School District was named for the two townships in which the district resides. Tuslaw High School was constructed one mile north of then US 30 Lincoln Highway (currently SR-172) along SR-93 in Tuscarawas, Township. The district maintained the original four district buildings as K-8, with high school students attending Tuslaw High School. The district was reconfigured over time as the district enrollment grew.
Voters passed a levy in 2002 to construct a new high school next to the original building, converting the old high school into a middle school. A new central elementary school was constructed in 2010 across from the new high school on SR-93, replacing the district's four small aging elementary school buildings.
External links
Tuslaw Local School District
School districts in Stark County, Ohio
School districts established in 1965 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuslaw%20Local%20School%20District |
Ñuble may refer to:
Ñuble Region, in Chile
Ñuble River, in Ñuble Region in Chile
Ñuble metro station, in Santiago
See also
Ñuble Province (disambiguation)
Ñublense, a Chilean football team | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%91uble |
Rubidium fluoride (RbF) is the fluoride salt of rubidium. It is a cubic crystal with rock-salt structure.
There are several methods for synthesising rubidium fluoride. One involves reacting rubidium hydroxide with hydrofluoric acid:
RbOH + HF → RbF + H2O
Another method is to neutralize rubidium carbonate with hydrofluoric acid:
Rb2CO3 + 2HF → 2RbF + H2O + CO2
Another possible method is to react rubidium hydroxide with ammonium fluoride:
RbOH + NH4F → RbF + H2O + NH3
The least used method due to expense of rubidium metal is to react it directly with fluorine gas, as rubidium reacts violently with halogens:
2Rb + F2 → 2RbF
References
Rubidium compounds
Fluorides
Alkali metal fluorides
Rock salt crystal structure | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubidium%20fluoride |
In multivariate statistics, if is a vector of random variables, and is an -dimensional symmetric matrix, then the scalar quantity is known as a quadratic form in .
Expectation
It can be shown that
where and are the expected value and variance-covariance matrix of , respectively, and tr denotes the trace of a matrix. This result only depends on the existence of and ; in particular, normality of is not required.
A book treatment of the topic of quadratic forms in random variables is that of Mathai and Provost.
Proof
Since the quadratic form is a scalar quantity, .
Next, by the cyclic property of the trace operator,
Since the trace operator is a linear combination of the components of the matrix, it therefore follows from the linearity of the expectation operator that
A standard property of variances then tells us that this is
Applying the cyclic property of the trace operator again, we get
Variance in the Gaussian case
In general, the variance of a quadratic form depends greatly on the distribution of . However, if does follow a multivariate normal distribution, the variance of the quadratic form becomes particularly tractable. Assume for the moment that is a symmetric matrix. Then,
.
In fact, this can be generalized to find the covariance between two quadratic forms on the same (once again, and must both be symmetric):
.
In addition, a quadratic form such as this follows a generalized chi-squared distribution.
Computing the variance in the non-symmetric case
Some texts incorrectly state that the above variance or covariance results hold without requiring to be symmetric. The case for general can be derived by noting that
so
is a quadratic form in the symmetric matrix , so the mean and variance expressions are the same, provided is replaced by therein.
Examples of quadratic forms
In the setting where one has a set of observations and an operator matrix , then the residual sum of squares can be written as a quadratic form in :
For procedures where the matrix is symmetric and idempotent, and the errors are Gaussian with covariance matrix , has a chi-squared distribution with degrees of freedom and noncentrality parameter , where
may be found by matching the first two central moments of a noncentral chi-squared random variable to the expressions given in the first two sections. If estimates with no bias, then the noncentrality is zero and follows a central chi-squared distribution.
See also
Quadratic form
Covariance matrix
Matrix representation of conic sections
References
Statistical theory
Quadratic forms | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quadratic%20form%20%28statistics%29 |
Night at the Museum is a 2006 American fantasy comedy film directed by Shawn Levy and written by Robert Ben Garant and Thomas Lennon. It is based on the 1993 children's book of the same name by Croatian illustrator Milan Trenc. The film had an ensemble cast of Ben Stiller in the lead role, Carla Gugino, Dick Van Dyke, Mickey Rooney, Bill Cobbs, and Robin Williams. It tells the story of a divorced father who applies for a job as a night watchman at New York City's American Museum of Natural History and subsequently discovers that the exhibits, animated by a magical Egyptian artifact, the tablet of Akhmenrah, come to life at night. 20th Century Fox released the film on December 22, 2006, and it grossed $574.5 million worldwide, becoming the 5th highest-grossing film of 2006, but received mixed reviews from critics.
Two sequels were released: Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian in 2009, and Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb in 2014. An animated sequel, Night at the Museum: Kahmunrah Rises Again, was released on December 9, 2022, for the streaming service Disney+.
Plot
In Brooklyn, Larry Daley is a divorced aspiring inventor bouncing between jobs and apartments. His former wife Erica is sympathetic to his situation, but considers him a bad example to their ten-year-old son Nick, an elementary schooler who considers quitting ice hockey and plans to become a bond trader like his mother's fiancé Don when he grows up; while Larry worries that Nick admires Don instead of him, especially after Nick decides to invite Don to Career Day at his school. Larry is hired as the night security guard at the Museum of Natural History, replacing retiring guard Cecil Fredericks and his colleagues Gus and Reginald. Cecil gives Larry a special instructions manual, warning him not to "let anything in... or out".
On his first night, Larry discovers that the museum's exhibits come to life after sunset, including: "Rexy", a playful Tyrannosaurus skeleton; Dexter, a mischievous stuffed capuchin monkey who destroys Larry's manual, along with other taxidermied animals, and later takes his keys; rival miniature civilisations depicting the Old West, Ancient Rome, and Ancient Maya; a chewing gum-loving Easter Island Moai; wax models of Attila the Hun, American Civil War soldiers, and pyromaniacal Neanderthals, as well as Sacagawea, who is encased in glass and cannot hear anyone or anything from outside of it. A mounted Teddy Roosevelt rescues Larry from feuding miniature leaders Jedediah and Octavius, and explains that ever since an ancient Egyptian artifact – the Golden Tablet of Pharaoh Ahkmenrah – arrived in 1952, the exhibits come to life each night, but would turn to dust if left outside the museum at sunrise. As Teddy helps restore order, Larry learns that Teddy is in love with Sacagawea but is too shy to speak to her.
Cecil, Reginald, and Gus check on Larry, who has decided to quit, but Nick and Don stop by to congratulate him on his new job. Larry decides to stay for his son's sake, and Cecil advises reading up on history. Larry is better able to control the exhibits, but is forced to extinguish a fire that the Neanderthals' had caused in their own display, while Dexter steals Larry's keys again and unlocks a window, allowing a Neanderthal to jump out the window and escape onto the street, upon seeing a group of homeless people using a fire pit. Frustrated, Larry again decides to quit, and is unable to save the escaped Neanderthal from disintegrating from the rising sun, while his remains are swept up by a street sweeper. Nick witnesses museum director Dr. McPhee fire Larry over the damaged Neanderthal exhibit, though Larry convinces him to reconsider. Rebecca Hutman, a museum guide and historian writing her dissertation on Sacagawea, believes Larry is mocking her when he tells her the museum's nighttime secret.
Larry brings Nick to the museum but nothing comes to life, and they discover Cecil, Gus and Reginald stealing the deactivated tablet. Like the exhibits, the elderly guards receive enhanced vitality from the tablet, and have plotted to steal it along with other valuable artifacts and frame Larry for their thievery. Nick reactivates the tablet, bringing the museum back to life and a chase ensues throughout the museum, but the chase is halted when Cecil snatches the tablet away and locks Nick and Larry in the Egyptian room. Larry releases Ahkmenrah's mummy from his sarcophagus, and the pharaoh helps Larry and Nick escape. They find the other exhibits fighting amongst themselves, and Larry convinces them to unite to catch the guards and recover the tablet.
Gus and Reginald are captured, while Cecil escapes in a Pony Express stagecoach, and Teddy pushes Sacagawea out of Cecil's path and is sliced in half, but still alive. Larry pursues Cecil into Central Park, stopping him and regaining the tablet, and Teddy finally bonds with Sacagawea as she repairs him. Rebecca sees the exhibits returning to the museum, and she realises the truth and Larry introduces her to Sacagawea. The next day, McPhee attempts to fire Larry after news reports about the night's strange events – such as The Neanderthals leaving cave paintings in the museum's subway station, and Rexy's dinosaur tracks in Central Park – but the publicity boosts museum attendance. Larry is rehired, and celebrates that night with a party along with Nick, Rebecca and the exhibits in attendance.
During the end credits, Cecil, Gus and Reginald are forced to work as museum janitors as punishment for their crimes, and are shown cleaning up after the party.
Cast
Humans
Ben Stiller as Larry Daley, a night-shift security guard at the American Museum of Natural History in New York, Nick's father, and Erica's former husband.
Carla Gugino as Rebecca Hutman, a museum docent.
Dick Van Dyke as Cecil Fredericks, a veteran security guard.
Mickey Rooney as Gus, a veteran security guard, who takes an instant dislike to Larry.
Bill Cobbs as Reginald, a veteran security guard.
Jake Cherry as Nicholas "Nick" Daley, Larry's and Erica's son.
Ricky Gervais as Dr. McPhee, the curator of the Museum of Natural History and Larry's boss.
Kim Raver as Erica Daley, Larry's former wife and Nick's mother.
Charlie Murphy as the taxi-driver.
Paul Rudd as Don, Erica's fiancé.
Anne Meara as Debbie.
Exhibits
Robin Williams as Theodore Roosevelt, the wax sculpture of the 26th President of the United States, who befriends Larry.
Patrick Gallagher as a wax model of Attila The Hun, the statue of the leader of the Huns, who antagonizes Larry at first.
Rami Malek as the mummy of Ahkmenrah, an Egyptian pharaoh who is the owner of the tablet.
Pierfrancesco Favino as a bronze statue of Christopher Columbus, whose name Larry consistently forgets.
Steve Coogan as Octavius, a miniature Roman general figure.
Mizuo Peck as Sacagawea, the polyurethane model of the Lemhi Shoshone woman who is Theodore Roosevelt's girlfriend.
Owen Wilson as Jedediah, a miniature cowboy figure. Wilson was not credited for this film, but was credited for its sequels.
Kerry van der Griend, Dan Rizzuto, Matthew Harrison, and Jody Racicot as wax models of Neanderthals.
Martin Christopher as a wax model of Meriwether Lewis.
Martin Sims as a wax model of William Clark.
Randy Lee, Darryl Quon, Gerald Wong, and Paul Chih-Ping Cheng as wax models of Huns.
Brad Garrett as the voice of the Easter Island Head.
Crystal the Monkey as Dexter, a stuffed Capuchin monkey.
Roger Lewis as Cowboy
Jonathan Lee as Chinese Rail Worker
Jason Mckinnon as Irish Worker
Jason Vaisvila, and Cade Wagar as wax models of Vikings.
Cory Martin as Chinese Terra Cota Soldier
Gary Sievers as Viking Warrior
Trevor Addie as Roman
Dave Hospes as Cowboy
Lloyd Adams as Soldier
Matthew Walker as Politician
Production
The building featured in the film, which was constructed on a sound stage in Burnaby, British Columbia, is based on the American Museum of Natural History in New York City, external shots of which were used in the movie.
Trainers spent several weeks training Crystal, who plays the troublemaking monkey Dexter, to slap and bite Stiller in the film.
Director Shawn Levy credited Ben Stiller for the ensemble cast: "When actors hear that Ben Stiller is in a movie they want to work with him. It['s] a high-water mark and it absolutely draws actors in and I'm convinced that's a big part of why we got this cast."
Music
Songs
"Friday Night" - performed by McFly; not featured in American version of the film, but heard in some international cuts, used during the end credits. It can be heard on the American DVD on the Spanish dub.
"September" - performed by Earth, Wind and Fire; used before the end credits where everyone in the museum is partying.
"Weapon of Choice" - performed by Fatboy Slim; used in the scene where Larry returns to the museum for his second night and is preparing for the chaos.
"Tonight" - performed by Keke Palmer featuring Cham; used for the end credits.
An instrumental version of "Mandy" by Barry Manilow is used when Larry is standing in the elevator, while escaping from Attila the Hun.
"Ezekiel Saw Them Dry Bones" is the tune Larry whistles as he passes the empty T. rex exhibit on his first night.
"Camptown Races" by Stephen Foster is sung by the townspeople of the American West miniature diorama. This is a period-correct song.
Score
Alan Silvestri replaced John Ottman as score composer. Silvestri's score was used for the teaser trailer of Horton Hears a Who!
Track list
Varèse Sarabande released a soundtrack album of the score on December 19, 2006.
Release
Night at the Museum had its premiere in New York City on December 17, 2006. It was later released on December 22, 2006, in the United States, December 26, 2006, in UK, January 12, 2007, in Brazil, on February 14, 2007, in China and on March 17, 2007, in Japan.
Reception
Box office
At the end of its box office run, Night at the Museum earned a gross of $250.9 million in the US and Canada and $323.6 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $574.5 million. It was the fifth highest-grossing film of 2006 and also the highest-grossing film worldwide of the trilogy.
It was the highest-grossing film in its opening weekend, grossing $30.8 million and playing in 3,685 theaters, with a $8,258 per-theater average. For the four-day Christmas holiday weekend, it took in $42.2 million. The movie was also released in IMAX large screen format, often on-site at museums of science or natural history such as the Pacific Science Center in Seattle.
In its second weekend, Night at the Museum expanded into 83 more theaters for a total of 3,768, and took in approximately $36.7 million, out-grossing its opening weekend. It maintained the top position in its third week, with an additional $23.7 million. Night at the Museum is the second highest-grossing film of 2006 in the United States and Canada, behind Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest.
During its international opening weekend of December 22, 2006, the film grossed a figure of an estimated $5 million, with the highest debut coming from South Korea ($5.04 million). The biggest market in the other territories were the UK, Japan, South Korea, and Germany, where it grossed $40.8 million, $30 million, $25.7 million, $22.9 million.
Critical response
On the review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, Night at the Museum has an approval rating of based on reviews and an average rating of 5.2/10. The site's critical consensus read, "Parents might call this either a spectacle-filled adventure or a shallow and vapid CG-fest, depending on whether they choose to embrace this on the same level as their kids." , on Metacritic, the film had a score of 48 out of 100 based on 28 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews". According to CinemaScore polls conducted during the opening weekend, cinema audiences gave the film an average grade of "A−" on an A+ to F scale.
Justin Chang of Variety magazine wrote: "This rambunctious, "Jumanji"-style extravaganza is a gallery of special effects in search of a story; rarely has so much production value yielded so little in terms of audience engagement." James Berardinelli of Reelviews gave it 2 stars out of 4, and commented on Stiller's performance by stating "It might be fair to give Ben Stiller an 'A' for effort, but to call what he does in this movie 'acting' is a misnomer. He does a lot of running around, occasionally falling down or bumping into things." One positive review by William Arnold of the Seattle Post-Intelligencer, gave it a B−, and stated that the film was "Out to impress and delight a family audience with the pageantry of human and natural history, and that's a surprisingly worthy ambition for a Hollywood comedy."
Museum officials at the American Museum of Natural History have credited the film for increasing the number of visitors during the holiday season by almost 20%. According to a museum official, between December 22, 2006, and January 7, 2007, there were 50,000 more visitors than during the same period the prior year.
Home media
The film was released on a 2-Disc DVD edition in the United Kingdom on April 23, 2007. It was released on 1-Disc and 2-Disc DVD editions and Blu-ray Disc format on April 24, 2007, elsewhere.
The film became the first non-Disney film to be reviewed by Ultimate Disney (now known as DVDizzy.com), due to the website dealing with other studios besides Disney.
, the film has sold 9,191,694 DVDs and grossed $153,566,058 in DVD sales.
Awards
Sequels
Night at the Museum was followed by a sequel titled Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian, which was released on May 22, 2009, in North America. A third film, Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb, was released on December 19, 2014, in North America.
In 2016, The Hollywood Reporter stated that the Alibaba Pictures Group intended to remake the film. On August 6, 2019, following the purchase of 21st Century Fox and its assets by The Walt Disney Company, Disney CEO Bob Iger announced that a fully animated sequel to Night at the Museum is in development. The project will be released as a Disney+ exclusive film, as a co-production between Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures and 20th Century Studios. Night at the Museum: Kahmunrah Rises Again was released on December 9, 2022.
See also
List of films featuring dinosaurs
References
External links
Independentfilm.com video interview with Mizuo Peck who played Sacagawea
2006 films
2000s adventure comedy films
2000s fantasy comedy films
2000s children's adventure films
2000s American films
American adventure comedy films
American fantasy adventure films
British fantasy comedy films
British fantasy adventure films
Cultural depictions of Christopher Columbus
Cultural depictions of Meriwether Lewis and William Clark
Films based on children's books
Films set in natural history museums
Films set in New York City
Films shot in Vancouver
Films with live action and animation
IMAX films
Slapstick films
20th Century Fox films
20th Century Fox animated films
21 Laps Entertainment films
1492 Pictures films
Dune Entertainment films
Films directed by Shawn Levy
Films produced by Chris Columbus
Films produced by Michael Barnathan
Films scored by Alan Silvestri
2000s fantasy adventure films
Mummy films
2006 comedy films
Night at the Museum
American children's comedy films
Films about old age
2000s English-language films
2000s British films
Cultural depictions of Theodore Roosevelt | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Night%20at%20the%20Museum |
A gypsy tart is a type of tart made with evaporated milk, muscovado (though some varieties include light brown sugar), and pastry. It originates from the Isle of Sheppey in the county of Kent.
The tart is extremely sweet and is, for many people, associated with school dinners. Although most will know the version of gypsy tart made with evaporated milk, it can also be made with condensed milk in place of evaporated milk. This makes a firmer and even sweeter tart, with a darker colour. A legend says that a woman invented the tart to feed hungry gypsy children.
References
Tarts
British desserts
English cuisine
British pies
History of Kent
Isle of Sheppey | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gypsy%20tart |
Shane John Kelly OAM (born 7 January 1972) is a former professional Australian track racing cyclist. Kelly specialised in the men's 1000 m time trial, commonly known as the Kilo. Kelly announced his retirement from international competition at the end of the 2008 Beijing Summer Olympics. Kelly is now working in motivational speaking, team building, and cycling fitness and training programs.
Cycling career
Kelly began cycling at the age of five. He achieved success as a junior, winning the junior Kilo at the Australian National Track Championships.
Kelly has competed in five Olympic Games. He won a silver medal in the 1000 m time trial at the 1992 Summer Olympics. Kelly is well known for an infamous mishap in the cycling at the 1996 Summer Olympics. Going into the kilo event, he was the world record holder and strong favourite. However his foot slipped from the pedal at the start, and he did not start racing. Kelly won a bronze medal at the 2000 Summer Olympics, and came fourth at the 2004 Summer Olympics. Also in 2004 he competed in the Keirin event, winning a bronze medal. He was fourth across the line, but another cyclist was disqualified for dangerous riding. The 1000m time trial event was removed from the Olympic program after 2004. At the 2008 Summer Olympics Kelly came fourth in the Keirin.
Kelly was the world champion in the kilo for three consecutive times, from 1995 to 1997. He also competed at the Commonwealth Games, winning gold in the 1000 m time trial in 1994 and 1998. Kelly has also won a World Championship in the Team Sprint in 1996.
Awards and honours
Kelly was awarded the title of Australian Cyclist of the Year in 1996, and Australian Male Track Cyclist of the Year in 1996, 1997, 1998 and 1999. In 2001, he was inducted into the Australian Institute of Sport 'Best of the Best'.<ref>Australian Institute of Sport 'Best of the Best' </</ref> He was also awarded the medal of the Order of Australia on Australia Day in 2004.
Major results
1990
1st Kilo, Australian National Track Championships - Juniors
1st Elimination Race, Australian National Track Championships - Juniors
3rd Scratch, Australian National Track Championships - Juniors
2nd Sprint, Australian National Track Championships - Juniors
3rd Kilo, UCI Track Cycling World Championships - Juniors
1st Elimination Race, UCI Track Cycling World Championships - Juniors
1991
1st Kilo, Australian National Track Championships
3rd Elimination Race, Australian National Track Championships
1992
2nd Kilo, Summer Olympics
1993
2nd Kilo, 1993 UCI Track Cycling World Championships
1994
1st Kilo, Commonwealth Games
2nd Kilo, Australian National Track Championships, Adelaide, SA (AUS)
3rd Kilo, 1994 UCI Track Cycling World Championships
1995
Kilo, World Record
1st Kilo, 1995 UCI Track Cycling World Championships
1996
1st Kilo, Australian National Track Championships, Perth, WA (AUS)
3rd Keirin, Australian National Track Championships, Perth, WA (AUS)
1st Kilo, 1996 UCI Track Cycling World Championships
1st Team Sprint, 1996 UCI Track Cycling World Championships (with Darryn William Hill & Gary Neiwand)
1997
1st Kilo, 1997 UCI Track Cycling World Championships
3rd Team Sprint, 1997 UCI Track Cycling World Championships
1998
1st Kilo, Commonwealth Games
2nd Kilo, 1998 UCI Track Cycling World Championships
2nd Team Sprint, 1998 UCI Track Cycling World Championships
1999
2nd Kilo, Australian National Track Championships
1st Keirin, Australian National Track Championships
2nd Kilo, Oceania International Track Grand Prix
2nd Team Sprint, Oceania International Track Grand Prix
2nd Kilo, Frisco
2nd Team Sprint, Frisco
2nd Kilo, 1999 UCI Track Cycling World Championships
2000
2nd Kilo, Australian National Track Championships
2nd Team sprint, Australian National Track Championships
3rd Kilo, Summer Olympics
2nd Kilo, Cali
2001
1st Kilo, Oceania Track Cycling Championships
2002
2nd Kilo, Australian National Track Championships
3rd Kilo, 2002 UCI Track Cycling World Championships
2003
2nd Kilo, 2003 UCI Track Cycling World Championships
3rd Kilo, Cape Town
3rd Team Sprint, Cape Town
1st Kilo, Sydney
2nd Team Sprint, Sydney
2004
2nd Keirin, Cottbus
1st Keirin, Oceania Track Cycling Championships
1st Kilo, Oceania Track Cycling Championships
2nd Sprint,Oceania Track Cycling Championships
1st Keirin, Manchester
1st Kilo, Australian National Track Championships
2nd Keirin, Oceania Games
1st Team Sprint, Oceania Games, (with Ben Kersten & Jason Niblett)
2005
2nd Keirin, Oceania Track Cycling Championships
1st Team Sprint, Oceania Track Cycling Championships
1st Keirin, Sydney Thousand
3rd Keirin, Manchester
2nd Sprint, Australian National Track Championships
1st Team sprint, Australian National Track Championships (with Joel Leonard & Jason Niblett)
3rd Keirin, 2005 UCI Track Cycling World Championships
2006
1st Keirin, Los Angeles
3rd Team Sprint, Los Angeles
3rd Team Sprint, Commonwealth Games
3rd Team Sprint, 2006 UCI Track Cycling World Championships
2007
1st Keirin, Oceania Track Cycling Championships
1st Team Sprint, Oceania Track Cycling Championships (with Ryan Bayley & Daniel Ellis)
1st Team Sprint, Sydney (with Ryan Bayley & Daniel Ellis)
2008
1st Team sprint, Australian National Track Championships (with Mark French & Shane Perkins)
2nd Keirin, Australian National Track Championships
References
External links
1972 births
Living people
Australian Institute of Sport cyclists
Australian male cyclists
Olympic cyclists for Australia
Olympic silver medalists for Australia
Olympic bronze medalists for Australia
People from Ararat, Victoria
Cyclists at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Cyclists at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Cyclists at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Cyclists at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Cyclists at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Cyclists at the 1994 Commonwealth Games
Cyclists at the 1998 Commonwealth Games
Commonwealth Games gold medallists for Australia
Commonwealth Games silver medallists for Australia
Commonwealth Games bronze medallists for Australia
Cyclists at the 2006 Commonwealth Games
Recipients of the Medal of the Order of Australia
Cyclists from Victoria (state)
Olympic medalists in cycling
UCI Track Cycling World Champions (men)
Medalists at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Commonwealth Games medallists in cycling
Australian track cyclists
Sportsmen from Victoria (state)
Medallists at the 1994 Commonwealth Games
Medallists at the 1998 Commonwealth Games
Medallists at the 2006 Commonwealth Games | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shane%20Kelly |
On the Run is a flagship convenience store brand developed by ExxonMobil, used at Exxon and Mobil stations in the United States and at Esso and Mobil stations internationally. Alimentation Couche-Tard acquired the On the Run trademark and franchise network in the U.S. in 2009, and Parkland Fuel did the same in Canada in 2016; ExxonMobil retains full ownership of the brand in the rest of the world.
On the Run stores are described as larger and having more products than older-model convenience stores, featuring "fresh snacks, fill-in groceries, health & beauty supplies, plus quick meal options".
The name "On the Run" is used, untranslated, around the world. Locations in the Canadian province of Quebec utilize similar branding as "Marché Express"; Imperial Oil faced criticism in 2007 when it planned to rebrand the locations as On the Run (beginning with a new location at a Mount Royal Esso station), but threats of boycotts by the Saint-Jean-Baptiste Society, as well as sanctions from the Office québécois de la langue française (which enforces legal protections of the French language), caused the company to backtrack on this decision.
Divestments
On April 29, 2009, Canadian convenience store company Alimentation Couche-Tard, which operates stores in the United States under the Circle K name, acquired the 450-store On the Run franchise network (the stores themselves remain with local franchisees) plus 43 ExxonMobil-owned and operated stores in the Phoenix, Arizona area. Many of these stores have been converted to Circle K locations, and the On the Run brand is now only primarily seen in Missouri, Louisiana, and Maine.
In August 2011, 7-Eleven announced it was acquiring 51 ExxonMobil-owned and operated On the Run locations in the Dallas/Fort Worth area; the convenience stores were re-branded as 7-Eleven, but will still sell Exxon-branded gasoline. Houston-area On The Run locations (81 total) were rebranded either as a Timewise (Landmark Industries) or Star Stop (the retail division of Panjwani Energy LLC) convenience store since 7-Eleven does not operate franchises in the Houston Metro area.
In 2016, Imperial Oil began to divest its retail locations in Canada; various Esso locations in Ontario and Quebec were sold to Couche-Tard (being rebranded as Circle K and Couche-Tard), and 7-Eleven acquired 148 locations in Alberta and British Columbia for $2.8 billion. Parkland Fuel acquired the remaining On the Run/Marché Express franchise network and associated trademarks in Canada, and has since begun to utilize the brand (including a refreshed version of the concept introduced 2018) in conjunction with its own retail brands (such as Pioneer).
Operations
Ireland
Ireland previously had On the Run stores located in Esso stations however they were rebranded after Exxon sold their Irish petrol stations to Topaz which was later sold to Couche Tard with the forecourts rebranded to Circle K. Many of them had a food company called Nine-One-One in them, but they were ordered by the High Court to withdraw in 32 stores.
United Kingdom
Esso's company-operated convenience stores in the UK were run through ROC UK, a subsidiary of Esso Petroleum Company Limited and ExxonMobil. Initially branded Snack & Shop, the stores were gradually converted to the On The Run format after Exxon acquired Mobil. Between 2011 and 2015 Esso/ROC sold off 359 of its company outlets in regional tranches to three large independent operators - Euro Garages, MRH (GB), and Rontec, although it continued to supply them with Esso branded fuel through an independent wholesaler, Greenergy. None of the new owners continued to use On the Run. Euro Garages mainly used third party names, notably Spar and - for food offerings - Greggs, Subway, Burger King and KFC; MRH used a mix of third party names and its own Hursts C-store branding; and Rontec initially mainly used its own Shop'n Drive name, but occasionally Spar and a discount format, Family Shopper. Esso retained ownership of around 200 sites that have Tesco Express stores where the site is leased to Tesco but sells Esso branded fuel.
Egypt
In Egypt, On the Run convenience stores are located at Mobil stations in Cairo, Giza and Alexandria. They are open 24 hours, 7 days a week.
Awards
In 2003, On the Run was named Chain of the Year by Convenience Store Decisions (CSD) magazine. In 2007, the chain was again recognized by CSD with the Best in Class Foodservice Award for its line of proprietary gourmet breakfast sandwiches under the On the Run Cafe brand name.
Trade mark court case in Australia
A separate On The Run brand (now known as OTR) was started and registered as a business name by the Peregrine Corporation (Shahin family) in early 1999 for its convenience store and service stations operations in South Australia. In June the same year, Mobil applied to register trade marks for the words Mobil on the Run and On the Run, the latter of which the Shahin family opposed. Eventually, in 2005, it was ruled by the Federal Court of Australia that the Shahin family did not satisfy the conditions to prove that it owned the trade mark for the words On the Run by common law, even though it had registered the words as a business name. Their opposition to ExxonMobil's trade mark registration was therefore dismissed. However, by 2011, the Shahin family gained the trade mark and has held it ever since.
While there was no relation between OTR and Mobil's On the Run brands, OTR briefly sold Mobil fuel at 29 sites in South Australia for a few years after acquiring those Mobil-branded sites in 2010.
See also
Mac's Convenience Stores
Circle K
Imperial Oil
Mobil
References
External links
Convenience stores of the United States
ExxonMobil subsidiaries
ExxonMobil brands
Retail companies established in 1984
Convenience stores of Canada
Alimentation Couche-Tard | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On%20the%20Run%20%28convenience%20store%29 |
FBAR may refer to:
Thin film bulk acoustic resonator
Department of the Treasury Form 90-22.1 Report of Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FBAR |
Unemployment Convention, 1919 is an International Labour Organization Convention.
It was established in 1919:
Having decided upon the adoption of certain proposals with regard to the "question of preventing or providing against unemployment",...
Ratifications
As of 2013, the convention had been ratified by 57 states. Of the ratifying states, three have subsequently denounced the treaty.
External links
Text.
Ratifications and denunciations.
Unemployment
International Labour Organization conventions
Treaties concluded in 1919
Treaties entered into force in 1921
Treaties of Argentina
Treaties of Australia
Treaties of the First Austrian Republic
Treaties of Belgium
Treaties of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Treaties of the Central African Republic
Treaties of Chile
Treaties of Colombia
Treaties of Cyprus
Treaties of Denmark
Treaties of Djibouti
Treaties of Ecuador
Treaties of the Republic of Egypt (1953–1958)
Treaties of Estonia
Treaties of the Ethiopian Empire
Treaties of Finland
Treaties of the French Third Republic
Treaties of the Weimar Republic
Treaties of the Kingdom of Greece
Treaties of Guyana
Treaties of the Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946)
Treaties of Iceland
Treaties of the Irish Free State
Treaties of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)
Treaties of the Empire of Japan
Treaties of Kenya
Treaties of Luxembourg
Treaties of North Macedonia
Treaties of Malta
Treaties of Mauritius
Treaties of Morocco
Treaties of Myanmar
Treaties of the Netherlands
Treaties of New Zealand
Treaties of Nicaragua
Treaties of Norway
Treaties of Papua New Guinea
Treaties of the Second Polish Republic
Treaties of the Kingdom of Romania
Treaties of Serbia and Montenegro
Treaties of Seychelles
Treaties of Slovenia
Treaties of the Union of South Africa
Treaties of Spain under the Restoration
Treaties of the Republic of the Sudan (1956–1969)
Treaties of Sweden
Treaties of Switzerland
Treaties of the United Arab Republic
Treaties of Turkey
Treaties of Ukraine
Treaties of the United Kingdom (1801–1922)
Treaties of Venezuela
Treaties of Montenegro
Treaties of South Korea
Treaties extended to the Territory of Papua and New Guinea
Treaties extended to the Faroe Islands
Treaties extended to the Colony of the Bahamas
Treaties extended to Gibraltar
Treaties extended to Guernsey
Treaties extended to British Guiana
Treaties extended to Jersey
Treaties extended to British Kenya
Treaties extended to Basutoland
Treaties extended to the Isle of Man
Treaties extended to British Mauritius
Treaties extended to the Crown Colony of Seychelles
Treaties extended to the Crown Colony of Singapore
Treaties extended to Swaziland (protectorate)
Treaties extended to Northern Rhodesia
Treaties extended to Curaçao and Dependencies
1919 in labor relations | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unemployment%20Convention%2C%201919 |
Micaela O'Herlihy is a multimedia artist best known for her short experimental film A Thunderperfect Mind which premiered at the 2004 Sundance Film Festival.
Micaela paints and draws on paper, cloth and film. She works in sound, paint, paper, trash, 16 and 8 mm film, burlap, DV and cardboard. She ventured into film when she realized she was constantly trying to make her paintings move. Her sole collaborator is her son Thurman Fionn.
In 1999 she received a BFA in painting from San Francisco Art Institute and in 2003 an MFA in film from University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee. Her recent day jobs have included adjunct professor, translator for people with severe speech impediments, farm laborer, urology technician, and paranormal videographer.
Her grandfather is Academy Award-nominated actor Dan O'Herlihy (of RoboCop and Twin Peaks), and her siblings are Colin O'Herlihy and Eilis O'Herlihy. Andrew Martinez (aka The Naked Guy) was O'Herlihy's first boyfriend.
She now lives near Viroqua, Wisconsin, and is teaching an unstill life class at the Youth Initiative High School.
Recent film screenings
Periwinkle Cinema San Francisco 2011
Grand Arts Missouri 2007
Ann Arbor Film Festival Tour Nationwide 2004
Sundance Film Festival Utah 2004
Consolidated Works Seattle 2003
Women in the Directors Chair Chicago 2003
Echo Park Film Center Los Angeles 2002
Notes
External links
Anarchocinemalista
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micaela%20O%27Herlihy |
Vilain Pingouin is a rock band from Quebec, Canada.
Biography
After having played for a few years with various English-speaking rock groups, Rudy Caya and Michel Vaillancourt decided to plunge into more Francophone waters by playing with Les Taches from 1982 to 1986. Determined to push this Francophile experience even further, they started their own band.
Vilain Pingouin was born in Montreal in 1986 during a boom in Francophone rock music. Along with singer-songwriter Rudy Caya and drummer Michel Vaillancourt, the group included guitarist Rodolphe Fortier, harmonica player Claude Samson and bassist Frédéric Bonicard. A few months after its formation, Vilain Pingouin performed in the spring 1987 Rock en Vol contest and at the first International Rock Festival in Montreal (FIRM). Audiences responded well to the band's enthusiastic, raw, and—above all—original music, which brought Vilain Pingouin to the finals of the L'Empire des Futures Stars contest the following year.
In 1989, Vilain Pingouin recorded their first single, "François," under the Audiogram label, to which the band has remained faithful throughout its career. "François" was a hit, remaining on MusiquePlus' rotation for twelve weeks. The same year another single, "Salut Salaud", propelled Vilain Pingouin to the top of the Radio-Activity charts.
After completing its first provincial tour of Quebec, the group released its refreshing debut album, "Vilain Pingouin" on September 12, 1990. With tracks whose sounds evoked everything from U.S. country music to 60s pop, "Vilain Pingouin" transformed the Quebec music scene and achieved gold status in 1991. Several tracks, including "Sous la Pluie", "Les Belles Années" and "Marche Seul" became hits. Vilain Pingouin was named "Group of the Year" at ADISQ in 1991. The same year they also took home the awards for video of the year and best editing for "Marche Seul" at the first MusiquePlus Gala. Their self-titled album is often considered to be their most acclaimed and well-known.
Riding a wave of popularity, Vilain Pingouin embarked on a major tour of over two hundred shows in Quebec, Ontario, and New Brunswick. Despite their hectic schedule, they still managed to record and release their second album, "Roche et Roule", in the fall of 1992. "Roche et Roule" was acclaimed as both more varied and more "authentic" than their previous work. Its songs ranged from the folksy "Passe-Moi le Celt" and "Chu tu Seul à Soir", to jazz-influenced "Festin de Pingouins" and "Le Bleu de Papier Blanc", to the Cajun-accented "P'tite Vie, P'tite Misère". The album won Vilain Pingouin many new fans and consolidated the band's popularity.
In spring 1993, the group participated in the Rock Le Lait tour alongside Jean Leloup and France D'Amour and won the Félix "Album of the Year - rock" award at the ADISQ Gala. The same year, Vilain Pingouin's popularity crossed the Atlantic when "Roche et Roule" was released in France under the Boucherie Production label. In spring 1994, the band performed 15 concerts spread across "the six corners" of France. The "Tour de France" was a success, winning Vilain Pingouin both popular and critical acclaim in the country.
With Vilain Pingouin at its peak, its members felt the need to relax and work on some personal projects. In November 1994, they announced that they would take a hiatus after a farewell show titled "Pingouins sur Glace" at Snatches Electric in December 1994. Rudy Caya took advantage of this pause to record a solo album, "Mourir de Rire," in 1995, which included the single of the same name. Recorded with Claude Samson, the album demonstrated the creative energy of the band's leader.
But when Vilain Pingouin's "Roche et Roule" went gold that same year, Caya gathered the band back together with all the original members except bassist Fred Bonicard, who was replaced by Michel Bertrand. The group released its third album "Y'é Quelle Heure?" in spring 1998, featuring a more "heavy" sound. The band toured for a year and a half as part of the Rock Le Lait tour. The band's eclectic sound, influenced by jazz, hip-hop, reggae, and alternative music, once again attracted large crowds and frenzied fans. During the tour, guitarist Rodolphe Fortier and bassist Michel Bertrand were replaced by Alain Godmer and Michel Turcotte, respectively.
History
In 1982, singer/guitarist Rudy Caya and drummer Michel Vaillancourt, having previously played in a number of English-language bands, formed a Francophone band, Les Taches ("The Stains" in English). In 1986, they expanded, adding Rodolphe Fortier on guitar, Claude Samson on guitar and harmonica and Frederik Bonicard on bass. They called the new band Vilain Pingouin.
In 1989, they released the song "François". The video for this song played for 12 weeks on MusiquePlus, a Canadian francophone music station. They followed it with a song called "Salut Salaud" which topped the charts.
Frédéric Bonicard died after a long battle with cancer in july, 2020
Line-Up
The initial line-up of the band was:
Rudy Caya (Vocals, Guitar)
Frédéric Bonicard (Bass)
Rodolphe Fortier (Guitar)
Michel Vaillancourt (Drums)
Claude Sampson (Mandoline, Harp, Accordion, Guitar)
Bonicard left and was replaced by Michel Bertrand (Guitar). Later, Michel Bertrand and Rodolphe Fortier left the band, being replaced by Michel Turcotte and Alain Godmer. Michel Turcotte is now no longer with the band, with Michel Bélanger taking his place.
Bassist Benoit Labelle played with Vilain Pingouin at Woodstock en Beauce in 2006
Discography
Villain Pingouin (1990)
Roche et Roule (1992)
Y'é Quelle Heure (1998)
Jeux de Mains (2003)
Les belles années (2014)
Videography
Chu tu Seul à Soir (1998)
P'tite Vie, P'tite Misère (1993)
Délinquance (1992)
Les Belles Années (1991)
Marche Seul (1991)
Salur Salaud (1990)
François (1989)
Mirroir Mirroir (1998)
Awards
Hard Rock Gold and Rolls (1998)
ADISQ, Félix "Album of the Year - Rock" for Roche et Roule (1993)
ADISQ, Félix "Group of the Year" (1991)
Gala MusiquePlus, "Video of the year", "Le Clip des Clip" and "Best Editing" for Marche Seul (1991)
References
External links
1986 establishments in Quebec
Audiogram (label) artists
Canadian alternative rock groups
Musical groups established in 1986
Musical groups from Montreal | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vilain%20Pingouin |
Scott Ethan "Scotty" Allen (born February 8, 1949) is a retired American figure skater. He is the 1964 Olympic bronze medalist, the 1965 world silver medalist, and the 1964 and 1966 U.S. national champion.
The son of Swedish figure skating champion Sonja Fuhrman, Allen made his national debut at the age of nine, winning the silver medal in the novice division at the 1959 U.S. Championships. At that time he was the youngest competitor ever to skate in the Championships.
He won the bronze medal at the 1964 Winter Olympics two days before his 15th birthday, becoming the youngest medalist at the Winter Olympics. He still holds the record for the youngest male medalist and the youngest individual medalist.
He represented the Skating Club of New York in competition. After retiring from competitions Allen attended Harvard University, graduating in 1971, and then Columbia Business School. He worked for more than 30 years at his stepfather's clothing company, Corbin Ltd., eventually becoming its vice-president of research and development. As of early 2014, he resides in New York City.
Competitive highlights
References
1949 births
American male single skaters
Harvard University alumni
Figure skaters at the 1964 Winter Olympics
Olympic bronze medalists for the United States in figure skating
Living people
Sportspeople from Newark, New Jersey
Olympic medalists in figure skating
World Figure Skating Championships medalists
Medalists at the 1964 Winter Olympics
Columbia Business School alumni | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scott%20Allen%20%28figure%20skater%29 |
Thomas Litz (born March 14, 1945) is a retired American figure skater. He won the gold medal at the 1963 U.S. Figure Skating Championships and placed sixth at the 1964 Winter Olympics. Litz is credited as being the first skater to land the triple toe loop jump, a feat he accomplished at the 1964 World Figure Skating Championships.
Litz had to withdraw from the 1963 World Figure Skating Championships because of a sprained ankle. He coaches figure skating in Lake Placid, New York.
Results
References
External links
1945 births
Living people
20th-century American people
21st-century American people
American male single skaters
Figure skaters at the 1964 Winter Olympics
Olympic figure skaters for the United States | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas%20Litz |
The Republican National Coalition for Life (RNCL), often stylized as RNC/Life, is an organization formed to maintain the commitment of the Republican Party of the United States to anti-abortion principles. Its current executive director is Colleen Parro.
History
RNC/Life was founded by Phyllis Schlafly in the autumn of 1990 after two groups, Republicans for Choice and National Republican Coalition for Choice, publicly announced their intention to provoke a floor fight at the 1992 Republican National Convention in Houston, Texas in order to remove the anti-abortion plank from the convention platform.
The Republican Party has been the anti-abortion national political party since a resolution in support of efforts to secure a Human Life Amendment to the United States Constitution was adopted at the 1976 Republican National Convention, following the 1973 Roe v. Wade decision.
See also
Democrats for Life of America
Libertarians for Life
Republican Majority for Choice
United States anti-abortion movement
External links
Official website
Anti-abortion organizations in the United States
Life
Organizations established in 1990 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republican%20National%20Coalition%20for%20Life |
High-energy visible light (HEV light) is short-wave light in the violet/blue band from 400 to 450 nm in the visible spectrum, which has a number of purported negative biological effects, namely on circadian rhythm and retinal health (blue-light hazard), which can lead to age-related macular degeneration. Increasingly, blue blocking filters are being designed into glasses to avoid blue light's purported negative effects. However, there is no good evidence that filtering blue light with spectacles has any effect on eye health, eye strain, sleep quality or vision quality.
Background
Blue LED light
Blue LEDs are often the target of blue-light research due to the increasing prevalence of LED displays and Solid-state lighting (e.g. LED illumination), as well as the blue appearance (higher color temperature) compared with traditional sources. However, natural sunlight has a relatively high spectral density of blue light, so exposure to high levels of blue light is not a new or unique phenomenon despite the relatively recent emergence of LED display technologies. While LED displays emit white by exciting all RGB LEDs, white light from lighting is generally produced by pairing a blue LED emitting primarily near 450 nm combined with a phosphor for down-conversion of some of the blue light to longer wavelengths, which then combine to form white light. This is often considered “the next generation of illumination” as SSL technology dramatically reduces energy resource requirements.
Luminous efficiency
Blue LEDs, particularly those used in white LEDs, operate at around 450 nm, where V(λ)=0.038. This means that blue light at 450 nm requires about 25 times the radiant flux (energy) for one to perceive the same luminous flux as green light at 555 nm. For comparison, UV-A at 380 nm (V(λ)=0.000 039) requires 25 641 times the amount of radiometric energy to be perceived at the same intensity as green, three orders of magnitude greater than blue LEDs. Studies often compare animal trials using identical luminous flux rather than radiance meaning comparative levels of perceived light at different frequencies rather than total emitted energy.
Physiological effects
Blue light hazard
A 2019 report by France's Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES) highlights short-term effects on the retina linked to intense exposure to blue LED light, and long-term effects linked to the onset of age-related macular degeneration. Although few studies have examined occupational causes of macular degeneration, they show that long-term sunlight exposure, specifically its blue-light component, is associated with macular degeneration in outdoor workers. However, the CIE published its position on the low risk of blue-light hazard resulting from the use of LED technology in general lighting bulbs in April 2019.
The international standard IEC 62471 assesses the photobiological safety of light sources. A proposed standard, IEC 62778, provides additional guidance in the assessment of blue-light hazard of all lighting products.
Circadian rhythm
The circadian rhythm is a mechanism that regulates sleep patterns. One of the primary factors affecting the circadian rhythm is the excitation of melanopsin, a light sensitive protein that absorbs maximally at 480 nm, but has at least 10% efficiency in the range of 450-540 nm. The periodic (daily) exposure to sunlight generally tunes the circadian rhythm to a 24-hour cycle. However, exposure to light sources that excite melanopsin in the retina during nighttime can interfere with the circadian rhythm. Harvard Health Publishing asserts that exposure to blue light at night has a strong negative effect on sleep. The aforementioned ANSES report "highlights [the] disruptive effects to biological rhythms and sleep, linked to exposure to even very low levels of blue light in the evening or at night, particularly via screens". A 2016 press release by the American Medical Association concludes that there are negative effects on the circadian rhythm from the unrestrained use of LED street lighting and white LED lamps have 5 times greater impact on circadian sleep rhythms than conventional street lamps. However, they also indicate that street lamp brightness is more strongly correlated to sleep outcomes.
Blue light is essential for regulating the circadian rhythm, because it stimulates melanopsin receptors in the eye. This suppresses daytime melatonin, enabling wakefulness. Working in blue-free light (aka yellow light) for long periods of time disrupts circadian patterns because there is no melatonin suppression during the day, and reduced melatonin rebound at night.
Eye strain
Blue light has been implicated as the cause of digital eye strain, but there is no robust evidence to support this hypothesis.
Dermatology
As with other types of light therapy, there is no good evidence that blue light is of use in treating acne vulgaris.
Blue light blocking
Concerns over exposure to blue light has predicated several solutions to decreasing blue light exposure, including disabling or attenuating blue LEDs in displays, color shifting displays towards yellow, or wearing glasses that filter out blue light.
Digital filters
Apple's and Microsoft's operating systems and even the preset settings of standalone computer monitors include options to reduce blue-light emissions by adjusting color temperature to a warmer gamut. However, these settings dramatically reduce the size of the color gamut of the display, as they essentially simulate tritan color blindness, thereby sacrificing the usability of the displays. The filters can be set on a schedule to activate only when the sun is down.
Intraocular lenses
During cataract surgery, the opaque natural crystalline lens is replaced with a synthetic intraocular lens (IOL). The IOL may be designed to filter out equal, more or less UV light than the natural lens (have a higher or lower cutoff), and therefore attenuate or accentuate the blue-light hazard function. The effects of long term exposure of UV, violet and blue light on the retina can then be studied. However, it has been argued that IOLs that remove more blue light than natural lenses negatively affect color vision and the circadian rhythm while not offering significant photoprotection. Systematic reviews found no evidence of any effect in IOLs filtering blue light, and none provided any reliable statistical evidence to suggest any effect regarding contrast sensitivity, macular degeneration, vision, color-discrimination or sleep disturbances. One study claimed a large difference in observed fluorescein angiography examinations and observed markedly less "progression of abnormal fundus autofluorescence"; however the authors failed to discuss the fact that the excitation beam is filtered light between 465 and 490 nm, is largely blocked by blue light filtering IOLs but not clear IOLs present in the control patients.
Blue light blocking lenses
Lenses that filter blue light have been on the market for a long time in the form of brown-, orange-, and yellow-tinted sunglasses. These tinted lenses were popular for the belief that they enhanced contrast and depth perception, but after early research showing the health risks of blue light exposure, became more popular for the purported health benefits of blocking blue light.
The efficacy of blue-blocking lenses in blocking blue light is not disputed, but whether typical exposure to blue light is hazardous enough to require blue blocking lenses is highly disputed. One problem with the glasses is that they cannot achieve positive outcomes in blue-light hazard and sleep simultaneously. To be effective in against blue-light hazard, the glasses must be worn continuously, especially during the day when exposure is higher. However, to force blue-light exposure that mimics the normal daylight cycle, the glasses must only be worn at night, when the exposure is already quite low from a photoprotective perspective. Regardless, some evidence shows that lenses that block blue light may be particularly useful for people with insomnia, bipolar disorder, delayed sleep phase disorder, or ADHD, though less beneficial for healthy sleepers.
Aggressive advertisements may contribute to the incorrect public perception of the purported dangers of blue light. Even when research has shown no evidence to support the use of blue-blocking filters as a clinical treatment for digital eye strain, ophthalmic lens manufacturers continue to market them as lenses that reduce digital eye strain.
The UK's General Optical Council has criticised Boots Opticians for their unsubstantiated claims regarding their line of blue-light filtering lenses; and the Advertising Standards Authority fined them £40,000. Boots Opticians sold the lenses for a £20 markup. Trevor Warburton, speaking on behalf of the UK Association of Optometrists stated: "...current evidence does not support making claims that they prevent eye disease.".
Apple's and Microsoft's operating systems and even the preset settings of standalone computer monitors include options to reduce blue-light emissions by adjusting color temperature to a warmer gamut. These settings dramatically reduce the color gamut of the display, sacrificing the usability of devices without providing any of the alleged benefits of reducing eye strain or preventing circadian rhythm disruption.
In July 2022, a Gamer Advantage advert on Twitch channel BobDuckNWeave was banned by the Advertising Standards Authority for making claims that blue light glasses could improve sleep without substantiation.
See also
Fluorescent lamps and health
Phase response curve#Light
Ultraviolet light
References
Ophthalmology
Optical spectrum
Technology hazards
Circadian rhythm
Sleeplessness and sleep deprivation | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological%20effects%20of%20high-energy%20visible%20light |
The New Adventures of Mighty Mouse and Heckle & Jeckle is a 1979–1980 television series featuring newly produced Mighty Mouse and Heckle & Jeckle cartoons. The series was produced by Filmation, and aired from 1979 to 1980 on CBS with 96 episodes (128 if counting the educational "Nature" and "Homonyms" segments, hosted by Mighty and Heckle and Jeckle respectively) produced. It was the second Mighty Mouse cartoon series, following the original Mighty Mouse Playhouse from 1955 to 1967, and followed by Mighty Mouse: The New Adventures, which aired from 1987 to 1988.
The show introduced two new characters: a vampire duck named Quacula, and Oil Can Harry's bumbling assistant, Swifty, a fat cat that can still run extremely fast. Quacula was depicted as a pale blue duck with a Daffy Duck-like bill and fangs, dressed in a blue jacket and a black cape with a red lining. He slept by day in a white coffin shaped like an egg, in the basement of a house owned by an anthropomorphic bear named Theodore. Every night Quacula would rise from his coffin and try to terrify Theodore and others, but he would never really succeed; his antics tended to be more comical than frightening. Also, Theodore would come up with one plan after another to rid himself of Quacula, but always fail to do so.
Each hour of The New Adventures of Mighty Mouse and Heckle & Jeckle consisted of two Mighty Mouse cartoons, two Heckle and Jeckle cartoons, one Quacula cartoon, and one episode of the 16-part science fiction serial The Great Space Chase. Also included was "Mighty Mouse Environmental Bulletins" and Heckle & Jeckle's "Homonyms" (to add a little educational karma). However, cartoonist Scott Shaw filed suit against Filmation due to the fact that he had created a character named Duckula for the comic book Quack! #1 (July 1976), published by Star*Reach. The matter was settled out of court, and after 16 episodes Quacula was dropped from the show. The show was shortened to a half-hour in 1980, and was moved to Sundays in its final season. In 1982, The Great Space Chase was re-edited into an 80-minute movie which had a limited release to theaters. It later appeared on home video.
Voice actors and their characters
Alan Oppenheimer – Mighty Mouse, Oil Can Harry, Swifty, Narrator, Additional Voices
Diane Pershing – Pearl Pureheart, Additional Voices
Frank Welker – Heckle, Jeckle, Quacula, Additional Voices
Norm Prescott – Theodore H. Bear, Additional Voices
Lou Scheimer – Additional Voices
Episodes
References
External links
1979 American television series debuts
1981 American television series endings
1970s American animated television series
1980s American animated television series
American children's animated action television series
American children's animated adventure television series
American children's animated comedy television series
American children's animated fantasy television series
American children's animated superhero television series
Animated television series about mice and rats
English-language television shows
CBS original programming
Terrytoons
Television series by Filmation
Television series by CBS Studios
Vampires in animated television | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20New%20Adventures%20of%20Mighty%20Mouse%20and%20Heckle%20%26%20Jeckle |
Imperial overstretch, also known as Imperial overreach, describes the situation in which an empire extends itself beyond its military-economic capabilities and often collapses as a result. The idea was popularised by Yale University historian Paul Kennedy in his 1987 book The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers.
Arguably, this was true of the Roman Empire, which was strong and effective in the first and early second centuries CE, despite a few setbacks (Germany in 9CE; Scotland in the 80s CE) but lost territories after that (e.g. Dacia and Mesopotamia) and could not keep the Saxons, Huns and other "barbarians" out in the 4th and 5th centuries. Clearly, this was also true of the Napoleonic Empire, which made rapid gains by conquest in the first decade after Napoleon became emperor of France, but became over-extended militarily when it attempted to conquer Russia in 1812. Likewise the principle three Axis powers all overextended themselves during World War II: Nazi Germany, waging war since 1939 in Western and Eastern Europe, was encircled, invaded, and fell in 1945; Imperial Japan led a total war in China and the Pacific Ocean; and fascist Italy, opening in 1940 simultaneous fronts in Africa, the Balkans, and the Mediterranean, suffered setbacks and fell in 1943.
Paul Kennedy's view has been criticised from many directions, including by the postmodern historiographer Hayden White, economic historian Niall Ferguson and Marxist writers such as Perry Anderson and Alex Callinicos.
See also
Societal collapse
References
Political terminology | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperial%20overstretch |
Otago Polytechnic was a public New Zealand tertiary education institute, centred in Dunedin with additional campuses in Cromwell and Auckland. Otago Polytechnic provided career-focused education and training, offering a range of New Zealand accredited postgraduate qualifications, degrees, diplomas and certificates at levels 2–10. In November 2022, it was formally merged into the new national mega polytechnic Te Pūkenga (the New Zealand Institute of Skills and Technology), ending its existence as an independent entity.
History
Origins
Otago Polytechnic traces its ancestry back to the Dunedin Technical School, which was established in 1889 to provide evening classes for working people. In 1909 it expanded to offer day classes for secondary school pupils. In 1914 the name was changed to the King Edward Technical College.
In 1921 the college took over the Dunedin School of Art, which was New Zealand's first art school established in 1870. The college expanded further by taking on the evening and day time education of apprentices, technicians and professionals. In 1966 the college was split into a secondary school (later renamed Logan Park High School) and Otago Polytechnic, which opened on 1 February 1966.
Te Pūkenga
On 1 April 2020, the Minister of Education Chris Hipkins confirmed that Otago Polytechnic would be merged into New Zealand Institute of Skills & Technology (Te Pūkenga) alongside the 15 other Institutes of Technology and Polytechnics (ITPs).
On 1 November 2022, Otago Polytechnic formally merged into Te Pūkenga, ending its existence as an independent entity. All its roles and structures were assumed by the new mega polytechnic.
On 13 September 2023, Prime Minister Hipkins opened a new trades and engineering school at Otago Polytechnic called He Toki Kai Te Rika. The Government had contributed NZ$28 million to the school's development as one of its "Shovel Ready" projects in 2020.
Locations
Otago Polytechnic is spread over a large geographical area with campuses in Dunedin and Central Otago, as well as a campus for international students in Auckland. The Polytechnic also carries out distance-based learning in areas ranging from Veterinary Nursing to Midwifery, work-based learning for mature students through Capable NZ and an online micro-credentialing service called EduBits.
Dunedin campuses
The Dunedin campus is situated on Forth Street, Union Street, Riego Street and Anzac Avenue in Dunedin North, and Cumberland Street in central Dunedin.
The Forth Street campus buildings are situated between University of Otago campus and the Forsyth Barr Stadium, close to the edge of Logan Park. The Schools of Architecture, Building and Engineering and Natural Sciences are located on the old Rehabilitation League site on Anzac Avenue, and the Dunedin School of Art is located on Riego Street. Otago Polytechnic's library is the Robertson Library on Union Street, which it shares with the University of Otago College of Education.
In 2009, Otago Polytechnic vacated buildings in Tennyson Street, close to Stuart Street in the central city. These buildings had previously housed the School of Hospitality, Languages and Fashion, and are owned by the Ministry of Education.
In 2014, a $12 million redevelopment of Otago Polytechnic's F and H Blocks began to transform the space into a contemporary learning environment and Hub. Mason and Wales were the architects for this project.
In 2016, Aoraki Polytechnic merged with Christchurch Polytechnic Institute of Technology to form Ara Institute of Canterbury, and Otago Polytechnic took over the teaching of Aoraki's Dunedin-based programmes. These included beauty therapy, hairdressing, early childhood education, journalism, photography, and film and television.
Technique training restaurant is located on Harbour Terrace and is an initiative established by Otago Polytechnic's School of Hospitality and its Food Design Institute, training future chefs, hotel managers and restaurant staff under the guidance of industry professionals. The restaurant uses produce from local suppliers and Otago Polytechnic's Living Campus gardens. The restaurant offers lunchtime and evening dining to members of the public and hosts a wide range of themed events throughout the year, including midwinter Christmas dining.
There is also a Community Learning Centre in Mosgiel which delivers computer training to the public, as well as holding short computing courses.
Central Otago campus
Otago Polytechnic's Central Otago campus is located in Cromwell on the corner of Molyneux Ave and Erris St, with additional facilities at Bannockburn Road. Plans are underway to consolidate these sites at the Bannockburn Road block. Programmes on offer include long and short courses in Cookery, Business, and Horticulture. Qualifications in Ski and Snowboard Instruction and Avalanche Safety are delivered from Cardrona Alpine Resort and Mount Aspiring College. Otago Polytechnic's Central campus launched a qualification in high country farming in 2014, which is the only one of its kind in New Zealand. There are two Community Learning Centres which hold computing courses as well as being able to provide career guidance and study assistance for Otago Polytechnic students – these are on the Central Otago Campus and in Queenstown. In 2009, the two Community Learning Centres in Wanaka and Alexandra were closed.
Auckland International campus
The Auckland International Campus caters to international students and offers professional qualifications in Business and Management, Information Technology as well as National Diplomas in Construction Management and Quantity Surveying. Classes are taught in English. The Auckland International Campus is located on Queen Street in downtown Auckland.
Student accommodation
In 2018, Otago Polytechnic officially opened its new 231-bed student accommodation complex, Te Pā Tauira – Otago Polytechnic Student Village, at its Dunedin campus. It features dorm rooms, studios and apartments. The $22 million building, designed by Mason & Wales architects, is the largest timber-framed construction in New Zealand at 6,000 square metres. The sustainable, cross-laminated timber structure won two awards at the Property Council New Zealand Rider Levett Bucknall Property Industry Awards 2018: Award of Excellence for Green Building and an Award of Merit for Multi-Unit Residential Property.
At its Central Otago campus in the same year, the Polytechnic opened its $3 million, 25-bed student housing complex of fully self-contained units.
International students
Otago Polytechnic offers education and training to both New Zealand and international students. In 2017, Otago Polytechnic had 1,252 equivalent full-time international students.
Otago Polytechnic's English Language Centre offers academic and general English courses, aimed at international students, or migrants to Dunedin. Otago Polytechnic's Central Otago and Auckland International campuses also offer English Language courses.
Research and postgraduate
Its EPICentre is a multidisciplinary workshop studio, available to staff and students as a research facility.
Student exchange programmes and international partnerships
Otago Polytechnic offers a range of student exchange programmes, available to Otago Polytechnic and international students through its Study Abroad and Explore More initiatives.
International programmes include English language teaching internships, summer school scholarship programmes, winter school scholarship programmes, and partnerships with tertiary institutions in North America, South America, Europe and Asia. Otago Polytechnic also runs an education scholarship programme with its sister-city, Shanghai.
Staff at Otago Polytechnic
Otago Polytechnic has a workforce totalling 543 permanent staff as at the end of 2017. Its pay equity gap in 2017 sat at 4.8 per cent, considerably lower than the national average of 11 per cent. All Otago Polytechnic staff are required to undergo up to date training on New Zealand's Treaty of Waitangi.
Sustainability
Otago Polytechnic has a sustainable campus. During the past three years, Otago Polytechnic has steadily increased the amount of cardboard, glass and plastic they recycle. Otago Polytechnic now recycles the following materials: paper; cardboard; glass; aluminium and steel cans; plastic types 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6; cooking oil and organic waste. The Polytechnic has also managed to reduce its amount of general waste by over two-hundred cubic metres.
Since 2012, Otago Polytechnic has implemented some significant changes to reduce its ecological footprint, including creating an internal offset scheme for staff air travel. Otago Polytechnic also recently replaced coal-fired boilers with local woodchip boilers. As well as utilising a renewable energy resource, the potash will be used on the Living Campus gardens.
The Living Campus project is the first of its kind in Australasia and involves turning Otago Polytechnic's existing Dunedin campus into an open-air and interactive museum, a vibrant community garden and a sustainable model of urban agriculture.
In 2015 Otago Polytechnic became the first polytechnic in New Zealand to achieve fair trade status. The institution has been awarded the Fair Trade status in recognition of its commitment to sell only Fair Trade products such as tea, coffee, sugar and chocolate drinks in its cafes and other commercial outlets, and sourcing Fair Trade materials for its schools where appropriate. This is in line with the city of Dunedin's stance towards Fair Trade practice. Dunedin was formally recognised by the Fair Trade Association as New Zealand's first Free Trade city in 2009.
Partnership with Kāi Tahu
In 2004, Otago Polytechnic signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the four Araiteuru Papatipu Rūnaka, or local Māori councils: Te Rūnanga ō Moeraki, Kāti Huirapa Rūnaka ki Puketeraki, Te Runangaō Ōtākou, and Hokonui Rūnanga. It was reviewed, revised and re-signed by all parties in 2013. The Memorandum guides the Polytechnic's goals and activities, underpinning its Māori Strategic Framework. The MoU's principal objectives are to support and contribute to the achievement of Māori development aspirations, and work together to identify specific educational needs of Kāi Tahu.
The Charity House Project
Otago Polytechnic's Charity House project is a yearly initiative involving the Polytechnic's architecture, building and engineering students. It has been running since 2007, and has raised in excess of $1 million for charity, with the help of over 20 local businesses that donate time, materials and craftsmanship. At the end of the year, the house is auctioned off. The proceeds go to United Way NZ, a non-profit organisation which distributes the funds to Otago charities.
Student services
Otago Polytechnic offers a range of student services, both itself and in conjunction with University of Otago and Otago Polytechnic Students' Association. These include internal services such as a Childcare Centre, Student Learning Centre, Student Health Centre, Student IT Services and Te Punaka Ōwheo, its dedicated Māori centre. In partnership with Otago University, Polytechnic students have access to UNIPOL Recreation Centre and the Robertson Library.
All enrolled Otago Polytechnic students may consider themselves members of the Otago Polytechnic Students' Association, an independent organisation run by the students and offers support, social events and clubs, access to facilities and services, and the free student magazine, Gyro.
Students' association
The Otago Polytechnic Students' Association provides access to many facilities and services like the student ID card, Clubs & Societies centre, a second-hand bookshop, UNIPOL Sports Centre, a free student newspaper (Gyro), free pool tables, free campus telephones, the Student Discount Directory, social events, and Student Job Search.
The students' association also provides support services like advocacy, campaigns, representation, financial assistance and advice. OPSA is often involved with local authorities representing a student view, especially in transportation and housing issues.
The students' association also advocates everyone's right to tertiary education, and that user-pays education creates a significant barrier to this right. It seeks a return to free tertiary education as it was before 1989.
In 2008 and 2009 the Otago Polytechnic Students' Association took the unusual move of expelling its members involved in illegal violence at the Undie 500. In 2009 the students' association campaigned against the government's removal of student representation from polytechnic councils.
References
Educational institutions established in 1966
Education in Dunedin
1966 establishments in New Zealand
Organisations based in Dunedin
1870s in Dunedin
1960s in Dunedin
2022 disestablishments in New Zealand | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otago%20Polytechnic |
Olette (; ) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Orientales department in southern France.
Geography
Olette is located in the canton of Les Pyrénées catalanes and in the arrondissement of Prades. Olette-Canaveilles-les-Bains station has rail connections to Villefranche-de-Conflent and Latour-de-Carol.
Demography
See also
Communes of the Pyrénées-Orientales department
Saint-André d'Évol Church
References
Communes of Pyrénées-Orientales
Plus Beaux Villages de France | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olette |
Islam in Djibouti has a long history, first appearing in the Horn of Africa during the lifetime of Muhammad. Today, 98% of Djibouti's 490,000 inhabitants are Muslims. According to Pew, 77% follow the denomination of Sunnism (primarily adhering to the Shafi'i legal tradition), whilst 8% are non-denominational Muslim, and the remaining 13% follow other sects such as Quranism, Shia, Ibadism etc.. After independence, the nascent republic constructed a legal system based in part on Islamic law.
History
Islam was introduced to the Horn region early on from the Arabian peninsula, shortly after the hijra. Zeila, in adjacent Somalia's two-mihrab Masjid al-Qiblatayn, dates to the 7th century and is the oldest mosque in the city. In the late 9th century, Al-Yaqubi wrote that Muslims were living along the northern Somali seaboard. He also mentioned that the Adal kingdom had its capital in the city, suggesting that the Adal Sultanate (with Zeila as its headquarters) dates back to at least the 9th or 10th century. According to I.M. Lewis, the polity was governed by local dynasties who also ruled over the similarly-established Sultanate of Mogadishu in the Benadir region to the south. Adal's history from this founding period forth would be characterized by a succession of battles with neighbouring Abyssinia.
Contemporary Islam
Djibouti's population is predominantly Sunni Muslim. Islam is observed by 94% of the nation's population, while the remaining 6% of residents are spread between Roman Catholics, Protestants, Ethiopian Orthodox, Greek Orthodox, Jehovah's Witnesses, Hindus, Jews, Bahá’ís, and atheists. The non-Muslim population consists generally of foreign-born citizens and mostly live in Djibouti City.
Politics
Article 1 of the Constitution of Djibouti names Islam as the sole state religion, and Article 11 provides for the equality of citizens of all faiths and freedom of religious practice. Although Islam is the state religion, the constitution does not allow for religious based political parties.
Most local Muslims adhere to the Sunni denomination, following the Shafi'i school. The non-denominational Muslims largely belong to Sufi orders of varying schools. According to the International Religious Freedom Report 2014, while Muslim Djiboutians have the legal right to convert to or marry someone from another faith, converts may encounter negative reactions from their family and clan or from society at large, and they often face pressure to revert to Islam.
In 2012, a law was passed that grants the Ministry of Religious Affairs increased oversight of Djibouti’s mosques, including of messages disseminated during Friday prayers. The Ministry of Islamic Affairs reportedly used the new law that regulated mosques to replace imams and temporarily close some mosques. Some imams reported being questioned by security services following sermons with strong political and social justice themes. There were also reports of plainclothes officers monitoring the content of Friday sermons and the activities of people attending mosque services.
In 2014, the government issued a decree executing a law on state control of mosques which converted the status of imams into civil service employees under the Ministry of Islamic Affairs and transferred ownership of mosque properties and other assets to the government. The Secretary General of the Ministry of Religious Affairs stated the decree aims to eliminate political activity from mosques and provide greater government oversight of mosque assets and activities. Government officials also indicated the law was designed to counter perceived foreign influence in mosques.
According to article 23 of the Family Code, a non-Muslim man may marry a Muslim woman only after converting to Islam. Non-Islamic marriages are not legally recognized by the government, which only recognizes marriages performed in accordance with the Ministry of Islamic Affairs or the Ministry of the Interior.
There are approximately 40 private Islamic schools nationwide, which are managed by the Ministry of Islamic Affairs and the Ministry of Education. The public schools remain secular, although the Ministry of Islamic Affairs instituted a program in which religious leaders visit the secular schools for an hour to answer religious questions in non-mandatory events.
See also
Religion in Djibouti
Christianity in Djibouti
References | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam%20in%20Djibouti |
Dean Obeidallah is an American lawyer, comedian, and journalist. He is the host of SiriusXM Progress' The Dean Obeidallah Show and a frequent contributor to CNN, The Daily Beast, and MSNBC.
Obeidallah was born in New Jersey and is of Palestinian and Italian descent.
Early life and education
Obeidallah was born in Lodi, New Jersey, and grew up in nearby Paramus. His father was born in Battir, Mandatory Palestine and his mother's parents were born in Sicily.
Obeidallah received a J.D. from Fordham Law School and practiced law from 1993-1998 with the firm of Beattie Padovano. His first stand-up comedy show was a part of the NJ Bar Association's stand-up comedy show. He then left the practice of law and was accepted into the prestigious NBC Page program in 1998. Obeidallah was a rights and clearance researcher for Saturday Night Live while performing stand-up comedy in the comedy clubs of New York City.
Career
In 2005, Obeidallah received the first "Spirit of Bill Hicks" award, named in honor of comedian Bill Hicks for "thought provoking comedy" from the NY Underground Comedy Festival and the Hicks family. He co-produced with the Emmy Award winning comedy writer and best-selling author Max Brooks a new show entitled The Watch List for Comedy Central's Internet channel. This was the first show ever produced by a major American entertainment company to showcase all Arab-American performers. Obeidallah has appeared on Comedy Central on the critically acclaimed "Axis of Evil" Comedy special.
He is the co-founder, along with Maysoon Zayid, of the New York Arab-American Comedy Festival. It is held annually in New York City and showcases Arab-American comedians from across the United States. The 20th annual Festival will be held in 2023. He cocreated The Muslim Funny Fest in 2015, the United States' only Muslim stand-up comedy Festival. The second year of the festival was held in July 2016.
Obeidallah served as the Executive Producer of the Amman Stand-up Comedy Festival held in Amman, Jordan from December 2–6, 2008. The third annual Festival was held from December 4 to 10, 2010.
He co-directed/co-produced the award-winning documentary with comedian/filmmaker Negin Farsad entitled The Muslims Are Coming! focusing on freedom of religion for all Americans. The film focuses on a free stand-up comedy tour by American-Muslim comedians across the South and West. It also features celebrity interviews with a wide range of people including The Daily Show's Jon Stewart, MSNBC's Rachel Maddow, CNN's Soledad O'Brien and Ali Velshi, Congressman Keith Ellison, comedians Lewis Black, David Cross, Colin Quinn, Lizz Winstead, and others. The film was released in September 2013.
In addition to appearing at hundreds of comedy clubs and colleges across the United States, Obeidallah has performed stand-up comedy in Canada and in the Middle East in Amman, Dubai, Beirut, Cairo, Haifa, Oman, Sharm El Sheikh and Ramallah.
In June 2019, a federal judge ordered Andrew Anglin, editor of the neo-Nazi website The Daily Stormer to pay $4.1 million to Obeidallah, whom Anglin had accused of orchestrating the Manchester Arena bombing.
Controversy
Obeidallah appeared on the December 28, 2013 episode of MSNBC's Melissa Harris-Perry show. On a "photos of the year" segment of that program, Obeidallah and a panel of comedians made several jokes about a family picture featuring former Republican presidential candidate Mitt Romney's family, including his adopted black grandson, joking that the photo represented the diversity of the Republican Party. This sparked outrage, and Obeidallah later apologized to the Romneys for the remarks.
References
External links
1969 births
Living people
20th-century American comedians
21st-century American comedians
American comedians of Arab descent
American Muslims
American people of Palestinian descent
American people of Italian descent
American male comedians
American stand-up comedians
CNN people
MSNBC people
Muslim male comedians
People from Lodi, New Jersey
People from Paramus, New Jersey | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dean%20Obeidallah |
The R/V Akademik Mstislav Keldysh () is a 6,240 ton Russian scientific research vessel. It has made over 50 voyages, and is best known as the support vessel of the Mir submersibles. The vessel is owned by the Shirshov Institute of Oceanology of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Moscow, and is homeported in Kaliningrad on the Baltic Sea. Named after the Soviet mathematician Mstislav Keldysh, it usually has 90 people on board (45 crew members, 20 or more pilots, engineers and technicians, 10 to 12 scientists and about 12 passengers). Among its facilities are 17 laboratories and a library.
The ship was built in Rauma, Finland by Hollming Oy for the USSR Academy of Sciences (now the Russian Academy of Science). Construction of the vessel was completed on 28 December 1980.
It started operations on 15 March 1981 for the Soviet Union. The Mir submersibles were added to her equipment in 1987.
Keldysh was involved in the search for Soviet submarine K-278 Komsomolets, lost off the northeastern coast of Norway in 1989 after fire broke out on board. In addition to its nuclear reactor's core material, the submarine was carrying two nuclear torpedoes. Concern over the potential effects of the high-energy nuclear material on the rich fishing areas in which it lay prompted an effort to locate the sub's wreckage and ascertain its condition. Two months after the sinking, Keldysh located the wreckage of K-278 in June 1989 and Soviet governmental representatives labeled the risk of leaks to be "insignificant". Nevertheless, Keldysh mounted two expeditions to the wreck of K-278 (1994 and 1996) to seal fractures in the sub's hull.
The Keldysh has made expeditions to two famous wrecks, the British liner Titanic and the German battleship Bismarck. Filmmaker James Cameron led three of those expeditions: two to the Titanic, in 1996 (for his film Titanic, which featured the Keldysh in present-day scenes) and 2001 (for his 2003 documentary film Ghosts of the Abyss), and one to the Bismarck in 2002 (for the Discovery Channel special Expedition: Bismarck). Cameron also led an expedition from the Keldysh for his 2005 documentary Aliens of the Deep. The Keldysh also provided its significant deep diving submersibles MIR 1 and MIR 2 for the expedition in 1998 to film the expected recovery of gold from the World War II Japanese submarine I-52. Although 14 dives were made on the wreck, at a depth of over , no gold was recovered. A National Geographic crew consisting of director Mark Stouffer and director of photography Bill Mills and six others filmed the search for a National Geographic Special entitled Search for the Submarine I-52.
References
External links
Deep Ocean Expeditions
KBismarck.com - The Wreck of the Bismarck
NOAA Ocean Explorer Keldysh
Technical data
Photographs of the ship
Research vessels of Russia
Research vessels of the Soviet Union
Finland–Soviet Union relations
Ships built in Rauma, Finland
1980 ships | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akademik%20Mstislav%20Keldysh |
Lucky Pierre is a new wave band, founded in Cleveland in 1974 by singer-songwriter, guitarist and the only constant member, Kevin McMahon. The initial line-up of the band included McMahon on vocals, John Guardico on guitar, Dennis DeVito on bass and Brian Dempsey on drums. The band has released a string of singles in between the late 1970s and early 1980s, before entering to a hiatus and reforming in 1988, with guitarist Rick Christyson and keyboardist Trent Reznor, the founder of the industrial rock act Nine Inch Nails.
In 2004, McMahon reformed Lucky Pierre as a solo project to release its debut album, ThinKing.
History
The band started as Lakewood native Kevin McMahon's solo project. He started recording demos in 1974, while his brother, Brian McMahon, was a member of the protopunk band Electric Eels. The first line-up of the band as an act included John Guardico on guitar, Denis DeVito on bass and Brian Dempsey on drums.
The band started performing in 1976 during the early new wave scene, which included the likes of Elvis Costello, Squeeze, Hammer Damage, Chi-Pig, and Devo. The band was also associated with Pere Ubu, a band which they performed with. Nevertheless, the band struggled to find venues for most of the time, as the band played McMahon's own compositions.
After three years, Dempsey left the band to pursue other interests. Gary Shay briefly joined the band as a drummer and the band released "Fans & Cameras"/"Idlewood" single, on their own record label Unadultered Records, which sold more than a thousand copies. Shay left the band soon after and Dempsey was asked to return. The band now consisted of McMahon, Dempsey, Guardico, DeVito and Tom Lash who was brought in on bass plus Tom Miller on Keyboards. DeVito switched to rhythm guitar after the addition of bassist Tom Lash, who was a music director at WCSB, the college radio station of Cleveland State University. He played the band's demo on the station, which helped their music to be exposed to a receptive audience. This version of the band played out for about a year mostly at The Coach House in Cleveland Hts and its old stomping grounds, The Pirate's Cove. It disbanded after McMahon came into a rehearsal stating he was moving to California and that the band could either stay together and rehearse in case something happened (a contract) or do whatever they wanted but that he could no longer live in a city where no one appreciated his music. McMahon left town and the band members decided to go their separate ways. Some time passed and McMahon returned to Cleveland. By this time John Guardico was living in California and Dempsey was playing in several projects, The band reformed with DeVito on lead guitar, Lash on bass, McMahon and newcomer Dave Zima on drums. This was followed by "Into My Arms", which featured a b-side "Match", which was recorded live on July 16, 1980 at the band's only WMMS Coffee Break Concert. The group then added the keyboardist Tom Miller to its line-up.
After releasing the third single, "Stetson's"/"Once A Child", in 1981, the band opened for the Plasmatics at Cleveland Agora. The gig ended harshly, with Plasmatics lead singer Wendy O. Williams being arrested for indecent exposure. The band also opened for Peter Frampton at the Public Auditorium in Cleveland in 1982. Following this performance, DeVito left the band, leaving the guitar duties to McMahon and the new band member Tom Sheridan. The band remained active until 1984; soon McMahon moved to San Francisco, leaving the band inactive for four years.
In 1988, McMahon returned to Cleveland to reform Lucky Pierre. The new line-up featured previous members Lash and Zima, as well as guitarist Rick Christyson and keyboardist Trent Reznor of Exotic Birds and The Innocent, who would be known for his future music act, Nine Inch Nails. The band recorded one EP Comminuque, which featured a guest appearance by the past member John Guardico, at the same year. Trent Reznor performed with the band for six months, before being immersed in the recording of Nine Inch Nails' debut album, Pretty Hate Machine. He left the band in 1989 to concentrate on it and the band's manager, John Malm Jr. started to manage Nine Inch Nails. In 1990, the band officially disbanded after a final gig.
After Lucky Pierre, McMahon formed the industrial rock band, Prick, featuring guitarist Chris Schleyer and Stabbing Westward drummer and Exotic Birds frontman Andy Kubiszewski. The band signed to Trent Reznor's own vanity record label, Nothing Records and released a self-titled album, produced by Reznor. The band was then dropped by Nothing's parent label, Interscope Records and released its second album The Wreckard independently in 2002.
In 2004, McMahon reformed Lucky Pierre as a sole member and released its debut album, ThinKing, via his own record label Lucky Pierre Music.
Members
Current members
Kevin McMahon – vocals, guitar, bass, drums, keyboards (1974–1984, 1988–1990, 2004–present)
Past members
John Guardico – guitar (1974–1979)
Brian Dempsey – drums (1974–1979)
Denis DeVito – guitar (1977–1982); bass (1975–1977)
Gary Shay – drums (1978)
Tom Lash – bass (1978–1984, 1988–1990)
Dave Zima – drums (1979–1984, 1988–1990)
Tom Miller – keyboards (1978–1984)
Trent Reznor – keyboards, saxophone, backing vocals (1988–1989)
Rick Christyson – guitar (1988–1990)
Discography
Studio albums
ThinKing (2004, Lucky Pierre Music)
EPs
Communiqué (1988, Banana Records)
Singles
"Fans & Cameras" / "Idlewood" (1979, Unadulterated Records)
"Into My Arms" / "Match" (1980, Unadulterated Records)
"Stetson's" / "Once A Child" (1981, Unadulterated Records)
Cool Summer Night" / "Chilly Willy" (1983, Unadulterated Records)
"Communiqué" (1984, Unadulterated Records)
"Muchacha Latina Today" / "Birdman" (1984, Banana Records)
Compilation albums
Lucky Pierre (2009, Lucky Pierre Music)
Music videos
"Attitude" (2009)
"Fire on the Red Line" (2012)
References
External links
Musical groups established in 1974
Musical groups disestablished in 1984
Musical groups reestablished in 1988
Musical groups disestablished in 1990
Musical groups reestablished in 2004
American new wave musical groups
American post-punk music groups
Alternative rock groups from Ohio
Musical groups from Cleveland
Trent Reznor | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucky%20Pierre%20%28band%29 |
Federico Capasso (born 1949) is an applied physicist and is one of the inventors of the quantum cascade laser during his work at Bell Laboratories. He is currently on the faculty of Harvard University.
Biography
Federico Capasso received the Doctor of Physics degree, summa cum laude, from the University of Rome, Italy, in 1973 and after doing research in fiber optics at Fondazione Ugo Bordoni in Rome, joined Bell Labs in 1976.
In 1984, he was made a distinguished member of technical staff and in 1997 a Bell Labs Fellow. In addition to his research activity, Capasso has held several management positions at Bell Labs, including head of the quantum phenomena and device research department and the semiconductor physics research department (1987–2000) and vice president of physical research (2000–2002). He joined Harvard on 1 January 2003.
He and his collaborators made many wide-ranging contributions to semiconductor devices, pioneering the design technique known as band-structure engineering. He applied it to novel low noise quantum well avalanche photodiodes, heterojunction transistors, memory devices and lasers. He and his collaborators invented and demonstrated the quantum cascade laser (QCL). Unlike conventional semiconductor lasers, known as diode lasers, which rely on the band gap of the semiconductor to emit light, the wavelength of QCLs is determined by the energy separation between conduction band quantized states in quantum wells. In 1971 researchers postulated that such an emission process could be used for laser amplification in a superlattice. The QCL wavelength can be tailored across a wide range from the mid-infrared to the far infrared by changing the quantum well thickness. The mature technology of the QCL is now finding commercial applications. QCLs have become the most widely used sources of mid-infrared radiation for chemical sensing and spectroscopy and are commercially available. They operate at temperatures in excess of 100°C and emit up to several watts of power in continuous wave.
Capasso's current research in quantum electronics deals with very high power continuous-wave QCLs, the design of new light sources based on giant optical nonlinearities in quantum wells such as widely tunable sources of terahertz radiation based on difference frequency generation and with plasmonics. He and his group at Harvard have demonstrated a new class of optical antennas and plasmonic collimators that they have used to design the near-field and far-field of semiconductor lasers, achieving ultrahigh intensity deep subwavelength size laser spots, laser beams with greatly reduced divergence and multibeam lasers. His group showed that suitably designed plasmonic interfaces consisting of optically thin arrays of optical nano-antennas lead to a powerful generalization of the centuries-old laws of reflection and refraction. They form the basis of "flat optics" based on metasurfaces.
Federico Capasso has made major contributions to the study of quantum electrodynamical forces known as Casimir forces. He used the Casimir effect (the attraction between metal surfaces in vacuum due to its zero point energy) to control the motion of MicroElectroMechanical Systems (MEMS). He demonstrated novel devices (Casimir actuators and oscillators), setting limits to the scaling of MEMs technology and with his collaborators Jeremy Munday and Adrian Parsegian was the first to measure a repulsive Casimir force.
Awards and honors
His honors include membership in the National Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the European Academy of Sciences and honorary membership in the Franklin Institute. He was also elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering (1995) for contributions to solid-state electronics and optoelectronics through semiconductor 'bandgap engineering.'
In 2004, he received the Chisesi-Tomassoni award for his pioneering work on the quantum-cascade laser. In 2005 he received, jointly with Nobel Laureate Frank Wilczek (MIT) and Anton Zeilinger (University of Vienna), the King Faisal International Prize for Science for his research on quantum cascade lasers. The citation called him "one of the most creative and influential physicists in the world."
On behalf of the American Physical Society, he was awarded the 2004 Arthur L. Schawlow Prize in Laser Science, endowed by the NEC Corporation, for "seminal contributions to the invention and demonstration of the quantum cascade laser and the elucidation of its physics, which bridges quantum electronics, solid-state physics, and materials science."
SPIE, the international society of optics and photonics, selected Capasso to receive the 2013 SPIE Gold Medal, the highest honor the society bestows.
In addition, the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers), the world's largest technical professional organization, named Capasso the recipient of the 2004 IEEE Edison Medal with the following citation, "For a career of highly creative and influential contributions to heterostructure devices and materials."
He is also recipient of the John Price Wetherill Medal of the Franklin Institute, the R. W. Wood Prize of the Optical Society of America, the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society W. Streifer Award for Scientific Achievement, the Materials Research Society Medal, the Rank Prize in Optoelectronics (UK), the Duddell Medal and Prize of the Institute of Physics (UK), The Willis Lamb Medal for Laser Science and Quantum Optics, the Newcomb Cleveland Prize of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the 1995 Moet Hennessy-Louis Vuitton "Leonardo da Vinci" Prize (France), the Welker Memorial Medal (Germany), the New York Academy of Sciences Award, the IEEE David Sarnoff Award in Electronics, and the Goff Smith prize of the University of Michigan. In 2010 he received the Berthold Leibinger Zukunftspreis for research in applied laser technology and the Julius Springer Prize in Applied Physics. In 2011 he received the Jan Czochralski Medal of the European Materials Research society for his lifetime achievements in Materials Science.
In 2016 he was awarded the Balzan Prize for Applied Photonics "For his pioneering work in the quantum design of new materials with specific electronic and optical features, which led to the realization of a fundamentally new class of laser, the Quantum Cascade Laser; for his major contributions in plasmonics and metamaterials at the forefront of photonics science and technology". He received the Matteucci Medal in 2019 from the Italian National Academy of Sciences for his invention of the quantum cascade laser.
He is a Fellow of the American Physical Society, the Institute of Physics (UK), the Optical Society of America, the American Association for the Advancement of Science, IEEE and SPIE. He holds honorary doctorates from Lund University, Sweden, the Diderot University (Paris VII), France, the University of Bologna, Italy and the University of Torvergata (Roma II), Italy.
In 2021 Capasso received the Frederic Ives Medal/Jarus W. Quinn Prize from the Optical Society of America for seminal and wide-ranging contributions to optical physics, quantum electronics and nanophotonics.
Bibliography
References
External links
Federico Capasso Federico Capasso at Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences
"Gold Medal Award for World-Changing Science," in SPIE Professional magazine
1949 births
Living people
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
Scientists at Bell Labs
Harvard University faculty
Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering
IEEE Edison Medal recipients
Fellow Members of the IEEE
Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science
Italian emigrants to the United States
Scientists from Rome
Optical physicists
Metamaterials scientists
21st-century American physicists
20th-century Italian physicists
Laser researchers
Fellows of the American Physical Society
Recipients of the Matteucci Medal | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federico%20Capasso |
Ribera is a Spanish word that translates into "the basin of a river", and may refer to:
Locations
Ribera, Agrigento, a comune in the province of Agrigento, Sicily, Italy
Ribera, Costa Rica, a former port on Aranjuez River
Ribera Alta, Álava, a municipality in the province of Álava, Basque Country, Spain
Ribera Alta (comarca), a comarca in the province of Valencia, Spain
Ribera Baixa, a comarca in the province of Valencia, Spain
Ribera Baja, the Spanish name of the municipality of Ribera Baja/Erribera Beitia in the province of Álava, Basque Country, Spain
La Ribera, a municipality in the Principality of Asturias, Spain
Ribera del Duero, a wine-producing region and Denominación de Origen in the autonomous community of Castile and León, Spain
Ribera d'Ebre, a comarca in Catalonia, Spain
Ribera del Fresno, a municipality in the province of Badajoz, Extremadura, Spain
Ribera d'Ondara, a municipality in the comarca of the Segarra, Catalonia, Spain
Ribera d'Urgellet, a municipality in the comarca of the Alt Urgell, Catalonia, Spain
Ribera, New Mexico, a small village in northern New Mexico, U.S.
Ribera of Navarre, the flat region around the Ebro at the south of Navarre, Spain
Surname
Francisco Ribera (1537–1591), Spanish Jesuit theologian
Juan de Ribera (1532–1611), Archbishop of Valencia
Juan de Ribera (1588–1666), Bishop of Santa Cruz de la Sierra
Jusepe de Ribera (1591–1652), Spanish painter in Italy
Juan Antonio Ribera (1779–1860), Spanish neoclassic painter
Teresa Ribera (born 1969), Spanish jurist, professor and politician
Marta Ribera (born 1971), Spanish actress
Alejandra Ribera (born 1973), Canadian singer-songwriter
Juan José Ribera (born 1980), Chilean footballer
María Ribera (born 1986), Spanish rugby player
Carolina Ribera (born 1990), Bolivian dentist and lawyer
Joshua Ribera (1995–2013), known as Depzman, British rapper
Other
Palacio de la Ribera, a former palace in Valladolid, Castile and León, Spain
See also
Rivera (disambiguation)
Riviera (disambiguation) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribera |
Maternity Protection Convention, 1919 is an International Labour Organization Convention.
It was established in 1919:
Modification
The principles contained in the convention were subsequently revised and included in ILO Convention C103, Maternity Protection Convention (Revised), 1952, and in Maternity Protection Convention, 2000.
Ratifications
As of 2013, the convention had been ratified by 34 states. Of the ratifying states, eight have subsequently denounced the treaty.
External links
Text.
Ratifications.
Maternity
Motherhood
Women's rights instruments
Treaties concluded in 1919
Treaties entered into force in 1921
Treaties of Algeria
Treaties of Argentina
Treaties of the Kingdom of Bulgaria
Treaties of Burkina Faso
Treaties of the Central African Republic
Treaties of Colombia
Treaties of Croatia
Treaties of Cuba
Treaties of Cameroon
Treaties of the French Fourth Republic
Treaties of Gabon
Treaties of the Weimar Republic
Treaties of the Kingdom of Greece
Treaties of Guinea
Treaties of Italy
Treaties of Latvia
Treaties of the Libyan Arab Republic
Treaties of Luxembourg
Treaties of Mauritania
Treaties of Nicaragua
Treaties of Panama
Treaties of the Kingdom of Romania
Treaties of Spain under the Restoration
Treaties of North Macedonia
Treaties of Venezuela
Treaties of Ivory Coast
1919 in labor relations
1919 in women's history | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maternity%20Protection%20Convention%2C%201919 |
Maternity Protection Convention may refer to:
Maternity Protection Convention, 1919, the International Labour Organization (ILO) Convention C3
Maternity Protection Convention (Revised), 1952, a revision of the above
Maternity Protection Convention, 2000, the second revision | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maternity%20Protection%20Convention |
K10 may refer to:
Aircraft
Kalinin K-10, a Soviet trainer
Kawanishi K-10 Transport, a Japanese biplane
Schleicher K 10, a German glider
Skyeton K-10 Swift, a Ukrainian light-sport aircraft
Automobiles
K10 ARV, a South Korean ammunition resupply vehicle
Kandi K10, a Chinese city car
Maruti Alto K10, a Japanese city car
Nissan Micra (K10), a Japanese hatchback
Ships
, a Penguin-class submarine rescue ship of the Brazilian Navy
, a K-class submarine of the Royal Navy
, a Flower-class corvette of the Royal Navy
, a Loch-class frigate of the South African Navy
Other
K-10 (Kansas highway)
K-10 robot, a rover used to explore planetary surfaces
K10 transport/localisation element (TLS), a cis-regulatory RNA element
AMD K10, an AMD x86 CPU architecture
K-10S, a Soviet supersonic anti-ship missile
Keratin 10, a human protein
LG K10, a smartphone
LSWR K10 class, a British steam locomotive
Sonata in B flat, K. 10, by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
See also | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K10 |
Cycloocta-1,5-diene is a cyclic hydrocarbon with the chemical formula , specifically .
There are three configurational isomers with this structure, that differ by the arrangement of the four C–C single bonds adjacent to the double bonds. Each pair of single bonds can be on the same side () or on opposite sides () of the double bond's plane; the three possibilities are denoted , , and {{chem name|cis,trans}}; or (), (), and (). (Because of overall symmetry, is the same configuration as .)
Generally abbreviated COD, the isomer of this diene is a useful precursor to other organic compounds and serves as a ligand in organometallic chemistry. It is a colorless liquid with a strong odor. 1,5-Cyclooctadiene can be prepared by dimerization of butadiene in the presence of a nickel catalyst, a coproduct being vinylcyclohexene. Approximately 10,000 tons were produced in 2005.
Organic reactions
COD reacts with borane to give 9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane, commonly known as 9-BBN, a reagent in organic chemistry used in hydroborations:
COD adds (or similar reagents) to give 2,6-dichloro-9-thiabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane:
The resulting dichloride can be further modified as the diazide or dicyano derivative in a nucleophilic substitution aided by anchimeric assistance.
Metal complexes
1,5-COD binds to low-valent metals via both alkene groups. Metal-COD complexes are attractive because they are sufficiently stable to be isolated, often being more robust than related ethylene complexes. The stability of COD complexes is attributable to the chelate effect. The COD ligands are easily displaced by other ligands, such as phosphines.
is prepared by reduction of anhydrous nickel acetylacetonate in the presence of the ligand, using triethylaluminium
The related is prepared by a more circuitous route involving the dilithium cyclooctatetraene:
Extensive work has been reported on complexes of COD, much of which has been described in volumes 25, 26, and 28 of Inorganic Syntheses. The platinum complex is a precursor to a 16-electron complex of ethylene:
COD complexes are useful as starting materials; one noteworthy example is the reaction:
The product is highly toxic, thus it is advantageous to generate it in the reaction vessel upon demand. Other low-valent metal complexes of COD include cyclooctadiene rhodium chloride dimer, cyclooctadiene iridium chloride dimer, and , and Crabtree's catalyst.
The complexes with nickel, palladium, and platinum have tetrahedral geometry, whereas complexes of rhodium and iridium are square planar.
(E,E)-COD
The highly strained trans,trans isomer of 1,5-cyclooctadiene is a known compound. (E,E)-COD was first synthesized by George M. Whitesides and Arthur C. Cope in 1969 by photoisomerization of the cis,cis compound. Another synthesis (double elimination reaction from a cyclooctane ring) was reported by Rolf Huisgen in 1987. The molecular conformation of (E,E'')-COD is twisted rather than chair-like. The compound has been investigated as a click chemistry mediator.
References
Cycloalkenes
Dienes
Ligands
Eight-membered rings
Foul-smelling chemicals | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1%2C5-Cyclooctadiene |
The trans-Mississippi theater of the American Civil War was the scene of the major military operations west of the Mississippi River. The area is often thought of as excluding the states and territories bordering the Pacific Ocean, which formed the Pacific coast theater of the American Civil War (1861–1865).
The campaign classification established by the National Park Service of the U.S. Department of the Interior is more fine-grained than the one used in this article. Some minor NPS campaigns have been omitted and some have been combined into larger categories. Only a few of the 75 major battles the NPS classifies for this theater are described. Boxed text in the right margin show the NPS campaigns associated with each section.
Activity in this theater in 1861 was dominated largely by the dispute over the status of the border state of Missouri. The Missouri State Guard, allied with the Confederacy, won important victories at the Battle of Wilson's Creek and the First Battle of Lexington. However, they were driven back at the First Battle of Springfield. A Union army under Samuel Ryan Curtis defeated the Confederate forces at the Battle of Pea Ridge in northwest Arkansas in March 1862, solidifying Union control over most of Missouri. The areas of Missouri, Kansas, and the Indian Territory (modern-day Oklahoma) were marked by extensive guerrilla activity throughout the rest of the war, the most well-known incident being the infamous Lawrence massacre in the Unionist town of Lawrence, Kansas of August 1863.
In the spring of 1862, Confederate forces under Henry H. Sibley pushed north along the Rio Grande from El Paso, Texas into New Mexico Territory, but despite their initial success at the Battle of Valverde, were stopped at the Battle of Glorieta Pass (March 26–28, 1862). In 1863, General Edmund Kirby Smith took command of the Confederate Trans-Mississippi Department, and unsuccessfully tried to relieve the siege of Vicksburg by Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant on the opposite eastern banks of the Mississippi River in the state of Mississippi. As a result of the long campaign, siege, and surrender in July 1863 by Gen. John C. Pemberton, the Union gained control of the entire Mississippi River, splitting the Confederacy. This left the Trans-Mississippi Department almost completely isolated from the rest of the Confederate States to the east. It became nicknamed and known as "Kirby Smithdom", emphasizing the Confederate Government's lack of direct control over the region.
In the 1864 Red River Campaign, a U.S. force under Major General Nathaniel P. Banks tried to gain control over northwestern Louisiana, but was thwarted by Confederate troops commanded by Richard Taylor. Price's Raid, an attempt led by Major General Sterling Price to recapture Missouri for the Confederacy, ended when Price's troops were defeated in the Battle of Westport that October. On June 2, 1865, after all other major Confederate armies in the field to the east had surrendered, Kirby Smith officially surrendered his command in Galveston, Texas. On June 23, Stand Watie, who commanded Southern troops in the Indian Territory, became the last Confederate general to surrender.
Commanders
Maj. Gen. Earl Van Dorn, CSA, (January 10, 1862May 23, 1862, District part of Department Number Two)
Brig. Gen. Paul O. Hébert, CSA, (May 26, 1862June 20, 1862)
Maj. Gen. John B. Magruder, CSA, (assigned June 20, 1862, but did not accept)
Maj. Gen. Thomas C. Hindman, CSA, (June 20, 1862July 16, 1862)
Lt. Gen. Theophilus H. Holmes, CSA, (July 30, 1862February 9, 1863)
Lt. Gen. Edmund Kirby Smith, CSA, (March 7, 1863April 19, 1865)
Lt. Gen. Simon Bolivar Buckner, CSA, (April 19, 1865April 22, 1865)
General Edmund Kirby Smith, CSA, (April 22, 1865May 26, 1865)
Confederate Territory of Arizona and Federal New Mexico Territory
In 1861, the Confederate States Army launched a successful campaign into the United States' recently organized Territory of New Mexico (1851), of the present day states of Arizona and New Mexico. Residents in the southern portions of this Territory adopted a secession ordinance of their own and requested that Confederate States of America military forces stationed further east in nearby Texas assist them in removing Union Army forces still stationed there. The Confederate Territory of Arizona was proclaimed by Col. John Baylor after victories in the First Battle of Mesilla on July 25, 1861, at Mesilla, New Mexico, and the capture of several Union forces. Southern forces advanced northward through the Rio Grande Valley, capturing Albuquerque and Santa Fe in March 1862. Attempts to press further northward in the territory were unsuccessful, and Confederate forces withdrew from Arizona completely in 1862 when Union reinforcements arrived from California.
The Battle of Glorieta Pass on March 26–28, 1862, was a relatively small skirmish in terms of both numbers involved and losses (140 Union, 190 Confederate). Yet the military/political strategic issues were large, and the battle was decisive in resolving them. The Confederates might well have taken Fort Union further north in the Rio Grande river valley and even Denver, the territorial capital of the northern Colorado Territory had they not been stopped at Glorieta. As one Texan put it, "If it had not been for those devils from Pike's Peak, this country would have been ours."
This small battle dissolved any possibility of the Confederacy taking New Mexico and the far west territories. In April, the California Column, Union volunteers from California, pushed the remaining Confederates out of present-day Arizona at the Battle of Picacho Pass. In the Eastern United States, the fighting dragged on for three more years, but in the Southwest the war against the Confederacy was over, but the war against the Apache, Navaho and Comanche continued for the California garrisons until they were replaced by U. S. Army troops after the Civil War ended.
Several battles occurred between Confederate soldiers and or militia within Confederate Arizona, the height of the Apache campaigns against rebel forces was during mid to late 1861.
Missouri, Arkansas, and Kansas
Though a slave state with a highly organized and militant secessionist movement, thanks to the pro-slavery "border ruffians" who battled antislavery militias in Kansas in the 1850s, Missourians sided with the Union by a ratio of two or three to one. Pro-Confederate Governor Claiborne F. Jackson and his small state guard under General Sterling Price linked up with Confederate forces under General Ben McCulloch. After victories at the Battle of Wilson's Creek and at Lexington, Missouri, Confederate forces were driven out of the state by the arrival of large Union forces in February 1862 and were effectively locked out by defeat at the Battle of Pea Ridge, Arkansas, on March 6–8.
A guerrilla conflict began to wrack Missouri. Gangs of Confederate insurgents, commonly known as "bushwhackers", ambushed and battled Union troops and Unionist state militia forces. Much of the fighting was between Missourians of different persuasions; both sides carried out large-scale atrocities against civilians, ranging from forced resettlement to murder. Historians estimate that the population of the state fell by one-third during the war; most survived but fled or were driven out by one side or the other. Many of the most brutal bushwhacker leaders, such as William C. Quantrill and William T. "Bloody Bill" Anderson, won national notoriety. A group of their followers remained under arms and carried out robberies and murders (which they may have considered to be ongoing guerilla resistance) for sixteen years after the war, under the leadership of Jesse James, his brother Frank James, and Cole Younger and his brothers.
By most measures, the Confederate guerrilla insurgency in Missouri during the Civil War was the worst such conflict ever to occur on American soil. By one calculation, nearly twenty-seven thousand Missourians died in the violence. Historians have offered various explanations for the anomalously high level of guerrilla activity in Missouri, including the possibility that the violence was linked to thousands of court-ordered sales of property belonging to the state's Confederate sympathizers, beginning in 1862 and continuing throughout the war. The property sales arose from court judgments for defaulted debts incurred early in the war to arm rebel troops.
Kansas was admitted to the Union as a free state on January 29, 1861, three months before the opening battle of the war at Fort Sumter. In August, 1863, Quantrill led his raiders into Kansas destroying much of the city of Lawrence and murdering over 150 unarmed men and boys in what became known as the Lawrence Massacre. On October 25, 1864, during Confederate Major General Sterling Price's raid into Kansas and Missouri, in three interconnected actions, Price's forces were defeated at the Battles of Marais des Cygnes, Mine Creek (one of the largest cavalry engagements of the war), and a final battle at Marmiton River, sealing the fate of Price's campaign and forcing his withdrawal into Indian Territory, and eventually Texas, before returning to Arkansas.
Texas and Louisiana
The Union mounted several attempts to capture the trans-Mississippi regions of Texas and Louisiana from 1862 until the war's end. With ports to the east under blockade or captured, Texas in particular became a blockade-running haven. Referred to as the "back door" of the Confederacy, Texas and western Louisiana continued to provide cotton crops that were transferred overland to the Mexican border towns of Matamoros and the port of Bagdad, and shipped to Europe by means of blockade runners in exchange for supplies.
Determined to close this trade, the Union mounted several invasion attempts of Texas, each of them unsuccessful. Confederate victories at Galveston, Texas, the Battle of Sabine Pass and the Second Bayou Teche Campaign repulsed invasion forces. The Union's disastrous Red River Campaign in western Louisiana, including a defeat at the Battle of Mansfield, effectively ended the Union's final invasion attempt of the region until the fall of the Confederacy. Jeffery Prushankin argues that Kirby Smith's "pride, poor judgment, and lack of military skill" prevented General Richard Taylor from potentially winning a victory that could have greatly affected the military and political situation east of the Mississippi River.
Isolated from events in the east, the Civil War continued at a low level in the trans-Mississippi theater for several months after Lee's surrender in April 1865. The last battle of the war occurred at Palmito Ranch in southern Texas from May 12–13. The battle ended in a Confederate victory.
Indian Territory
Indian Territory occupied most land of the current U.S. state of Oklahoma and served as an unorganized region set aside for Native American tribes of the Southeastern United States after being removed from their lands more than thirty years before the war. The area hosted numerous skirmishes and seven officially recognized battles involving Native American units allied with the Confederate States of America, Native Americans loyal to the United States government, and Union and Confederate troops. A campaign led by Union General James G. Blunt to secure Indian Territory culminated with the Battle of Honey Springs on July 17, 1863. Though his force included Native Americans, the Union did not incorporate Native American soldiers into its regular army. Officers and soldiers supplied to the Confederacy from Native American lands numbered at 7,860 and came largely from the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, and Seminole nations. Among these was Brig. Gen. Stand Watie, a Cherokee who raided Union positions in Indian Territory with his 1st Cherokee Mounted Rifles regiment well after most of the Confederate forces abandoned the area. Watie led his troops in guerrilla warfare by attacking Union positions, supply wagons, and by attacking other Cherokee and Native Americans who supported the Union. He became the last Confederate General to surrender when he signed a cease-fire agreement with Union representatives on June 23, 1865.
Trans-Mississippi Department
The Confederate States Army's Trans-Mississippi Department was formed May 26, 1862, to include Missouri, Arkansas, Texas, Indian Territory (now Oklahoma), and Louisiana west of the Mississippi River. It absorbed the previous Trans-Mississippi District (Department Number Two), which had been organized January 10, 1862, to include that part of Louisiana north of the Red River, the Indian Territory (later State of Oklahoma, 1907), and the states of Missouri and Arkansas, except for the country east of St. Francis County, Arkansas, to Scott County, Missouri. The combined department had its headquarters at Shreveport, Louisiana, and Marshall, Texas.
Principal Union commanders of the trans-Mississippi theater
Principal Confederate commanders of the trans-Mississippi theater
References
Further reading
Eicher, John H., and Eicher, David J., Civil War High Commands, Stanford University Press, 2001, .
Prushankin, Jeffrey S., A Crisis in Confederate Command: Edmund Kirby Smith, Richard Taylor, and the Army of the Trans-Mississippi, Louisiana State University Press, 2005, .
Prushankin, Jeffrey S., The Civil War in the Trans-Mississippi Theater, 1861-1865, United States Army Center of Military History, 2015.
Smith, Stacey L. "Beyond North and South: Putting the West in the Civil War and Reconstruction." Journal of the Civil War Era 6.4 (2016): 566–591. online
National Park Service campaign descriptions
National Park Service lesson plan on Glorieta
External links
Theaters of the American Civil War
Arkansas in the American Civil War
Arizona in the American Civil War
Arizona Territory
Indian Territory in the American Civil War
Kansas in the American Civil War
Louisiana in the American Civil War
Missouri in the American Civil War
New Mexico in the American Civil War
New Mexico Territory
Texas in the American Civil War | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans-Mississippi%20theater%20of%20the%20American%20Civil%20War |
Ronald Frederick "Ronnie" Robertson (September 25, 1937 – February 4, 2000) was an American figure skater who was best known for his spinning ability. He won the silver medal at the 1956 Winter Olympics, became one of the youngest male figure skating Olympic medalists. He twice won the silver at the World Figure Skating Championships. He retired from skating after the 1956 U.S. Championships, where he was nearly disqualified after he was accused by the German Figure Skating Federation for excessive expenses on a European tour. His father, Albert Robertson, a naval architect, accused Hayes Jenkins of trying to disqualify his son. After a huge fight with the U.S. Figure Skating Federation, Robertson was not disqualified after he lost to Jenkins and retired from competitive figure skating and signed a two-year contract with the Ice Capades for $100,000.
In the 1950s, he had a long-term relationship with Tab Hunter, who also helped fund his amateur career. Robertson was coached by Gustave Lussi.
Robertson's skating career was also well known on television. He appeared on The Ed Sullivan Show in 1957, and his fast forward upright spin was described as being "faster than an electric fan." He also appeared as a featured guest on The Mickey Mouse Club that year.
After leaving skating to run a small hotel which he owned with his partner, Robertson was persuaded by Ted Wilson, a rink designer and manager in Hong Kong, to return to the ice and teach as a guest coach. Robertson, with former Japanese champion Sashi Kuchiki, made annual one-month trips to Hong Kong for 10 years teaching at Cityplaza Ice Palace on Hong Kong Island. Robertson was an extremely popular coach during this period and made a lasting impression with his skills and kindness.
During the 1964–65 New York World's Fair, Robertson appeared as the main attraction for Dick Button's Ice Travaganza show.
Ronnie Robertson died on February 4, 2000, at a hospital in Fountain Valley, California, from bronchial pneumonia at the age of 62.
Results
1973 World Professional Figure Skating Championships – 1st
References
External links
Skatabase: 1950s Olympics Men's Results
Skatabase: 1950s Worlds Men's Results
American male single skaters
LGBT figure skaters
1937 births
2000 deaths
Gay sportsmen
American LGBT sportspeople
LGBT people from Pennsylvania
Olympic medalists in figure skating
Olympic silver medalists for the United States in figure skating
Figure skaters at the 1956 Winter Olympics
People from Brackenridge, Pennsylvania
Sportspeople from Allegheny County, Pennsylvania
Sportspeople from Fountain Valley, California
World Figure Skating Championships medalists
Medalists at the 1956 Winter Olympics
AIDS-related deaths in California
20th-century American LGBT people | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald%20Robertson%20%28figure%20skater%29 |
Lexum is a Canadian legal technology firm, publishing legal information. Lexum is a member of the Free Access to Law Movement.
Background
The firm is a spin-off from the Université de Montréal LexUM Laboratory. The forerunner of Lexum was founded in 1993 as the Law Gopher server at the Université de Montréal. This site was both, respectively, the first available legal resources site in Canada and in French.
The Canadian Legal Information Institute (CanLII) is a not-for-profit organization created by the Federation of Law Societies of Canada in 2001 with Lexum technology backing-up the site ever since. In 2018 CanLII acquired Lexum.
Services
Lexum offers online services designed for producers and managers of legal information, as well as digitization, conversion and publishing services for legislation, case law, secondary material, and other legal materials.
External links
Legal Services
Multilingual websites
Canadian legal websites
Free Access to Law Movement | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LexUM |
Harry Victory Burns (November 11, 1922 – 2000) was an American civil rights leader from San Antonio, Texas. He was named by his mother for the pre-Veterans Day, which was Victory Day. During the 1940s and 1950s, Burns was the president of the San Antonio NAACP Branch. During the Civil Rights Movement, he worked with Martin Luther King Jr. and Thurgood Marshall. He went on to organize marches throughout the city along with others such as Rev. Claude Black, Charles Hudspeth, G J Sutton, Ethel Minor and others.
External links
Civil Rights Movement in San Antonio
Interviews with Harry Burns, 1993 and 1994. University of Texas at San Antonio: Institute of Texan Cultures: Oral History Collection, UA 15.01, University of Texas at San Antonio Libraries Special Collections.]
Activists for African-American civil rights
1922 births
2000 deaths
African-American activists | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry%20Burns%20%28activist%29 |
is a Japanese animated fantasy adventure film, the 6th feature produced by Toei Animation (then Tōei Dōga), released in Japan on March 24, 1963. English-dubbed versions have been released under several titles, including The Little Prince and the Eight-Headed Dragon, Prince in Wonderland and Rainbow Bridge.
Based on the Shintō myth of the storm god Susanoo's battle with the Yamata no Orochi, the color, "ToeiScope" anamorphic format film is scripted by Ichirō Ikeda and Takashi Iijima and directed by Yūgo Serikawa. It is considered one of the very best of the Tōei Dōga features and a landmark in anime and animated features in general, placing 10th in the list of the 150 best animated films and series of all time compiled by Tokyo's Laputa Animation Festival from an international survey of animation staff and critics in 2003.
It features distinctively modernist, abstracted character, background and color design, formalised the role of supervising animator (performed on this film by Yasuji Mori) in the Japan and drew attention to the talents of animators Yasuo Ōtsuka and Yōichi Kotabe (who made his debut as a key animator on the film, though he is inaccurately credited on screen an in between artist) and assistant directors Isao Takahata and Kimio Yabuki.
The score, composed by Akira Ifukube, is also acclaimed.
Plot
The film tells the story of the deity Susanoo (as a cute boy), whose mother, Izanami, has died. He is deeply hurt by the loss of his mother but his father, Izanagi, tells him that his mother is now in heaven. Despite Izanagi's warnings, Susanoo eventually sets off to find her.
Along with his companions, Akahana (a little talking rabbit) and Titanbō (a strong but friendly giant from the Land of Fire), Susanoo overcomes all obstacles in his long voyage. He eventually comes to the Izumo Province, where he meets Princess Kushinada, a little girl whom he becomes friends with (he also thinks that she is so beautiful that she looks like his mother). Kushinada's family tells Susanoo that their other seven daughters were sacrificed to the fearsome eight-headed serpent, the Yamata no Orochi. Susanoo is so infatuated with Kushinada that he decides to help her family protect her and slay the Orochi once and for all and he, Akahana, and Bō prepare for the showdown.
Cast
Morio Kazama as Susanoo
Yukiko Okada as Princess Kushinada
Chiharu Kuri as Akahana
Masato Yamanouchi as Wadatsumi, Kushinada-hime's father
Kiyoshi Kawakubo as Titan-bô
Hideo Kinoshita as Tarô / Tsukuyomi
Kinshirô Iwao as Hi no kami (God of Fire)
Notes
This film eschewed the soft, rounded look of previous Toei animated features for a more stylized one. It is also one of the few animated films to have music by famed composer Akira Ifukube (the other being the posthumously released Tetsujin 28 film Hakuchū no Zangetsu).
A symphonic suite of five movements based on the score's cues was created by Ifukube in 2003, the first recording of which was performed by the Japan Philharmonic Orchestra conducted by Tetsuji Honna and released on Compact Disc by King Records within the same year. Some of the film's music was also redeployed in the 1st and 32nd episodes, first broadcast in 1972 and 1973 respectively, of the Toei Animation television series Mazinger Z.
The film's theme song, , is also composed by Ifukube, with lyrics by Takashi Morishima, and is sung by Setsuko Watanabe.
The original, monaural soundtrack recording has been released three times on Compact Disc, two of which are now out of print. The first was a two disc set released by Futureland in 1992, which paired it with a disc of alternate takes and Ifukube's score for Mitsubishi's Expo '70 exhibit. The second release was part of a ten-disc collection of Toei Animation soundtracks released by Nippon Columbia in 1996; it featured better audio quality but lacked the alternate takes. On May 23, 2018, Japanese record label Cinema-kan released the score for a third time as a remastered, two-disc set, titled The Naughty Prince's Orochi Slaying Original Soundtrack (CINK-51-52). The first disc contains the complete score while the second disc contains alternate takes, sound effects, and trailer music. The English translated track list of the Cinema-kan release reads as follows:
Disc 1 - CINK-51
Main Title (M1 · M2)
Susanoo Appears (M3)
Lullaby for a Motherless Child I (M4 · M5)
Izanami's Ascension (M6)
Susanoo's Sorrow (M7 · M8)
Lullaby for a Motherless Child II (M9 · M10)
Departure (M11 · M12)
Monster Fish Akuru (M13 · M14)
Yoru-no-Osukuni (M15 · M16)
Ice Mirror (M17 · M18 · M19)
Susanoo's Rampage (ME137 · M20)
Tsukuyomi and Susanoo (M21 · M21A · M21B)
Land of Fire (M22 · M23 · M24)
Fire God and Susanoo (M25 · M26)
Ice Ball (M27 · M28)
To Takama-ga-hara (M29)
Amaterasu (M30)
Land Reclamation (M31 · M32 · M33 · M34)
Flood (M35)
Ama-no-Iwato (M36)
Omoikane's Trick (M37 · M38)
Iwato Kagura (M39)
Stone Door Opens (M40 · M41 · M42)
To Izumo Province (M43 · M44)
Kushinadahime (M45)
Yamata-no-Orochi (M46)
Ame-no-Hayakoma (M47)
Susanoo and Kushinadahime (M48 · M49)
Waiting for Orochi (M50)
Yamata-no-Orochi Emerges (M51 · M52)
Sake Drinking Orochi (M53)
Susanoo Sortie (M54)
Susanoo vs. Orochi I (M55)
Susanoo vs. Orochi II (M56)
Kushinadahime's Crisis (M57 · M58)
Susanoo vs. Orochi III (M59)
Final Battle (M60 · M61)
Morning of Victory (M62)
Ending (M63)
Disc 2 - CINK-52
Main Title (M1T1)
Lullaby for a Motherless Child (M5) <Alternate Take Without Vocal>
Izanami's Ascension (M6T1)
Izanami's Ascension (M6T2)
Izanami's Ascension (M6) <Alternate Take Without Vocal>
Izanagi and Susanoo (M7T1)
Vision of Izanami (M9) <Alternate Take Without Vocal>
Susanoo's Anger (M19T1)
To Takama-ga-hara (M29T1)
Damming the River (M34T1)
Flood (M35T1)
Omoikane's Trick (M37T1 · M38T1)
Iwato Kagura II (M40T1)
Iwato Kagura II (M40T2)
Leaving Takama-ga-hara (M43T1)
Preparing for Battle (M49T1)
Preparing for Battle (M49T2)
Ending (M63T1)
Ending (M63) <Alternate Take Without Vocal>
Lullaby for a Motherless Child 1 (PS)
Lullaby for a Motherless Child 2 (PS)
Lullaby for a Motherless Child 3 (PS)
Lullaby for a Motherless Child 5 (PS)
ME Collection 1
ME Collection 2
SE Collection 1
SE Collection 2
Yamata-no-Orochi's Cry
Trailer Music
Release
The film was distributed in the United States, under the title The Little Prince and the Eight-Headed Dragon, as a matinee feature by Columbia Pictures, opening January 1, 1964. Its Japanese origin was downplayed, as was standard practice at the time, with William Ross, the director of the English dubbing, credited as director and Fujifilm and Toei's color and widescreen processes rebranded as "MagiColor" and "WonderScope" respectively.
Though still highly regarded in animation circles, the film is now little-known outside of them. A Japanese DVD-Video was released in 2002 and reissued in limited quantity in 2008. In 2019, a cropped transfer of the English-dubbed version was released in the United States by Mill Creek Entertainment as part of the "Pop Culture Bento Box" compilation set, though early copies of the set accidentally omitted the film. On February 5, 2020, Toei released the film on Blu-ray Disc in Japan.
Reception
Accolades received by Wanpaku at the time of its release including being honoured with a Bronze Osella at the Venice Film Festival and the Ōfuji Noburō Award at the 1963 Mainichi Film Awards and making it into the official recommendations of the Japanese Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Health's Central Child Welfare Council.
Legacy
Genndy Tartakovsky watched the film and identifies it as a primary influence on the direction and design of his TV series Samurai Jack.
According to Yōichi Kotabe, a character animator on the film who later worked for Nintendo, the art direction of the Nintendo game The Legend of Zelda: The Wind Waker was likely influenced by the film.
Tomm Moore, the director of the Oscar-nominated films The Secret of Kells, Song of the Sea, and Wolfwalkers, has identified the film as a major influence.
See also
List of animated feature films
List of Japanese films of 1963
Japanese mythology
References
External links
Wanpaku Ōji no Orochi Taiji at the British Film Institute
1960s adventure films
1960s fantasy films
1963 anime films
1963 films
Adventure anime and manga
Animated adventure films
1960s children's fantasy films
Films scored by Akira Ifukube
Animated films based on Japanese myths and legends
Japanese animated fantasy films
Japanese mythology in anime and manga
Japanese fantasy adventure films
Toei Animation films
Films with screenplays by Ichirô Ikeda
Columbia Pictures animated films
Columbia Pictures films
Animated films about dragons
Films directed by Yûgo Serikawa
1960s American films | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Little%20Prince%20and%20the%20Eight-Headed%20Dragon |
Dol Said or in full Dato' Abdul Said was a 19th-century Malay leader of the Naning region in Malaya. Naning was then part of Negeri Sembilan before its annexation into Malacca, then a Straits Settlement. He opposed the taxation policy of the British in the area and refused to pay it which lead to the Naning War.
Dol Said's resistance led the British to send 150 soldiers led by Captain Wyllie to capture Naning in early August 1831. Naning however successfully defended itself by employing guerilla tactics and reverting aid from Malay allies, which included the chiefdoms of Seri Menanti, Rembau, Sungai Ujong, Johol and Muar. The British realized that the rebelling forces could not be easily suppressed, and requested reinforcement from the Yamtuan Muda Raja Ali in Rembau. Raja Ali agreed to send 600 troops to assist British in suppressing the revolt. Later in March 1832, the British sent a larger force, consisting of 1200 soldiers to defeat Dol Said's men. In the second attack, Naning failed to receive military aid from its neighbours, and along with the presence of a huge British expedition force, caused Dol Said to retreat to Seri Menanti before surrendering himself to the British, effectively ending the conflict. The British then incorporated Naning into their colony of Malacca
Dol Said is remembered in contemporary Malaysian historiography as an anti-colonial patriot and forerunner of Malaysian nationalism.
References
Malaysian rebels
Malaysian people of Malay descent
People from Malacca
1773 births
1849 deaths
History of Kedah
People from British Malaya
1830s in British Malaya | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dol%20Said |
Evans Blue is a Canadian rock band from Toronto, founded in 2005. They have sold over one million albums worldwide, including five studio albums and one live album.
History
Origins (2005)
Evans Blue came together in early 2005. Five musicians, then in three separate bands, met through a local musician's message board. Lead singer Kevin Matisyn suggested the name, which refers to the dye that is injected into the bloodstream to measure blood volume. The band then caught the attention of producer Trevor Kustiak (Cool for August) and his partner Mari Dew, of The Pocket Studios. The original lead guitarist, Kevin Smith, left due to personal reasons before the group secured a record label.
They recorded three demo songs: "Black Hole", "Saturnalia" and "Starlight", all of which would appear on their first album.
The Melody and the Energetic Nature of Volume (2005–2007)
Evans Blue completed work on their debut album, The Melody and the Energetic Nature of Volume, in November 2005. Their first single, "Cold (But I'm Still Here)" hit airwaves in December and was accompanied by a video. The album was released February 21, 2006, through The Pocket Recordings/Hollywood Records. It debuted at No. 1 on the Billboard Top Heatseekers chart, spent several weeks in the top 10 list and spawned a second single, "Over".
In March 2006, Evans Blue embarked upon their first U.S. tour alongside Taproot. They also played festivals, and several concerts with Breaking Benjamin. They have since played with bands such as Staind, Alice in Chains, 10 Years, Three Days Grace, Flyleaf and former labelmates Breaking Benjamin.
On April 1, 2006, drummer Darryl Brown left due to differences with bandmates' lifestyles. That night in Boston, drummer Danny D (formerly of the band Dogfight) was temporarily brought in. The band played acoustic sets until he was up to speed, and he continued through the rest of the tour, which lasted until late October.
The Pursuit Begins When This Portrayal of Life Ends (2007–2009)
After an eight-month stint touring around the United States, Evans Blue returned home and began work upon their second album, The Pursuit Begins When This Portrayal of Life Ends. Danny D left the band and was replaced by Howard Davis.
Evans Blue was nominated for New Group of the Year at the Juno Awards of 2007.
The first single from The Pursuit hit airwaves May 21, 2007, and was accompanied by a music video, directed by Jesse Ewles. The Pursuit Begins When This Portrayal of Life Ends was released on July 24, 2007.
In March 2007, Evans Blue recorded acoustic versions of each song from The Melody and the Energetic Nature of Volume. For a limited time, this collection was included with each purchase of The Pursuit from Best Buy, and contained commentary from Matisyn, as well as a making-of documentary for the second album. The FYE version of the album did not include the Unplugged Melody, but instead had two additional tracks.
On July 10, 2007, in Toronto, Evans Blue kicked off their first headlining tour, Curbside Confession of a Catastrophe. The tour stopped across the western United States, with occasional performances in Vancouver, British Columbia. They were accompanied by Framing Hanley, Fair to Midland, and Submersed throughout September, then were joined by Saving Abel and Canadian rockers Neurosonic. This tour ended on December 31 in Houston, Texas, where they introduced a new song, "Good Enough", a song which was later scrapped.
At this point, Kevin Matisyn was voted out of the band. Parker Lauzon stated: "We did not choose anyone over him; he was simply voted out, not only because of musical differences but business differences as well. He was not making good decisions for this band anymore, and we as a group have decided to move on." (In 2009, Matisyn founded the band Parabelle.)
Evans Blue (2009–2010)
Dan Chandler was announced as the new singer for Evans Blue in February 2009, and the band went into the studio with producer Trevor Kustiak to record their third album. The self-titled album was released through Sounds+Sights, exclusively via iTunes, on June 23, 2009.
The first song from the new album "Sick of It" was released on iTunes on March 31. The song went to No. 1 in the research at SiriusXM Octane and was No. 2 on the 2009 year-end Octane chart,. Based on this success, SiriusXM Octane added a second track, "Bulletproof," in October 2009.
In May 2010 Evans Blue and Sounds+Sights teamed up with indie label F.O.F. Entertainment/EMI for a physical release of their 2009 Evans Blue record in stores throughout the US and Canada. The album was released on July 27, 2010, and included the bonus track "Erase My Scars," which was chosen as the new single.
"Erase My Scars" hit the US airwaves in May 2010, and the band hit the road in early July 2010 for the first leg of their Erase My Scars 2010 Tour with Kansas City band Red Line Chemistry, covering 10,000 miles in 6 weeks. Evans Blue stopped in LA mid-tour to shoot the video for "Erase My Scars" with Director Adrian Picardi and Producer Eric Ro of Northern Five Entertainment. (The video is dedicated to Dan Chandler's nephew Chase Franklin, who died of a rare brain cancer at age 8.) In November, the band went on the second leg of the tour, this time with Oklahoma natives Taddy Porter and EB's Sounds+Sights label mates Rains.
Graveyard of Empires (2011–2012)
On the Erase My Scars tour, Evans Blue debuted songs from their next album Graveyard of Empires. The band began recording the album in September 2011. On September 28, 2012, "This Time It's Different" made its worldwide debut on Sirius Radio. The album was released on April 17, 2012; it peaked at No. 40 on the Billboard 200.
On November 8, 2011, Evans Blue announced, via Facebook, that drummer Howard "H-Bomb" Davis had left the band, posting "Musically, we were moving in different directions, so this is the best for everyone, and we wish him all the best." The departure was clearly amicable, with Davis posting "This change is for the best...There is no beef with any of the members of EB." The band brought in session drummers Mike McClure and Jason Pierce (Our Lady Peace), both for recording and touring; Davis is not credited on Graveyard of Empires.
On December 9, 2012, Evans Blue debuted the song "Halo" on Revolver Magazine's website; the next day, it was released on iTunes and other sites (the lyric video for the song had been released in July). “This Time It’s Different” was a Top 30 rock radio hit nationally and a number-one song on SiriusXM Octane, The Buzz in Houston, 89X in Detroit and The Banana in Flint, as well as Top 5 on KUPD Phoenix. The song also debuted in the Top 25 Rock Singles on iTunes. “Halo” and “Beyond The Stars” also went on to be number-one songs on the SiriusXM Octane BIG UNS COUNTDOWN, and "Warrior" climbed to No. 3. "Halo" was also No. 9 on the Octane 2012 Year-End Countdown and No. 18 on the 89X Detroit 2012 Year-End Countdown, and “This Time It’s Different” was No. 12 on The Buzz Houston's 2012 Year-End Countdown and No. 13 on Octane.
Evans Blue toured throughout the summer of 2012 in support of Graveyard of Empires this time with Columbus, Ohio-based band State Your Cause. The first show took play on July 6 at The Machine Shop in Flint, Michigan, where the band took the opportunity to shoot a new live video for "Halo".
Hiatus and Letters From the Dead (2012–present)
In an interview, Chandler stated that Evans Blue would be taking a break, due to the fact that Parker Lauzon and Vlad Tanaskovic were becoming fathers. Chandler joined a side project named Fight or Flight with Disturbed members Dan Donegan and Mike Wengren. He also started a hip-hop project called A Strange Day of Calm, and a band called Switchthree.
In August 2015, Evans Blue began recording their fifth album, Letters from the Dead. The first single, "iGod", was released on January 8, 2016; with the album's release following shortly thereafter.
The band has had no activity since. However, on August 10, 2021, Chandler posted, on the Evans Blue Facebook page, that he has produced an album with his "other band", Emissary Echo. Lauzon and Pitter are listed as band members.
Band members
Current
Parker Lauzon – rhythm guitar (2005–present), backing vocals (2009- present),
Joe Pitter – bass (2005–present)
Vlad Tanaskovic – lead guitar (2005–present)
Dan Chandler – vocals (2009–present)
Session and touring
Danny Desharnais – drums (2006)
Mike McClure – drums (Graveyard of Empires)
Jason Pierce – drums (Graveyard of Empires, Letters from the Dead)
Dusty Saxton – drums, backing vocals (2012, 2016)
Michael Langford - percussion (The Melody and Energetic Nature of Volume, The Pursuit Begins when this Portrayal of life Ends)
Former
Darryl Brown – drums (2005–2006)
Kevin Matisyn – vocals (2005–2008)
Howard Davis – drums (2007–2011)
Kevin Smith - lead guitar (2005)
Timeline
Discography
Studio albums
Singles
Music videos
DVDs
The Unplugged Melody'' (2007)
References
External links
Hollywood Records artists
Musical groups established in 2005
Musical groups from Toronto
Canadian alternative rock groups
Articles which contain graphical timelines
2005 establishments in Ontario | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evans%20Blue |
Irene McGee (born 1976) is a podcaster and television personality who created and hosted No One's Listening, a podcast about the mass media.
She came to public attention in 1998 as a cast member of the MTV reality television series, The Real World: Seattle. McGee left the show during filming due to ethical objections of the production. In late 2013, she wrote an article for Vulture explaining her early departure titled "Slaps, Lies and Video Tape". McGee has since performed a stand-up routine explaining her life since the show's filming.
Early life
McGee is originally from Pleasant Valley, New York. She graduated from Georgetown University with a degree in English and went on to receive her master's degree in broadcast electronic communication arts from San Francisco State University.
Career
The Real World: Seattle
McGee appeared on the show's seventh season, The Real World: Seattle, in 1998, during which she was described by The Seattle Times as "the cynical girl from New York state". During filming, she appeared sick and was suffering from headaches, and during the 14th episode, she told the others that she had Lyme disease, then left during the next episode.<ref>'"The Truth About Irene" . 'The Real World. season 7, episode 140, aired September 15, 1998. "Irene Calls It Quits" . The Real World. season 7, episode 15, aired September 22, 1998.
Also see </ref> As she was leaving, a heated exchange with another housemate, Stephen Williams, ended with him opening the passenger door of her car and slapping her. The producers gave the cast the decision as to whether to evict Williams, and they decided to let him stay if he would attend anger-management therapy."The Aftermath of the Slap" . The Real World. season 7, episode 16, aired September 29, 1998. Activist Jello Biafra discussed the event:
We know Real World is not the real world. I recently met a woman named Irene McGee who quit this show and said not even the house was real. The fridges were all filled to the brim with Vlasic pickles delivered daily by the crate load along with gallons of Nantucket Nectar. If she drank anything else, the crew took it from her hand and made sure the Nantucket Nectar label was facing the camera instead. When she walked out, another guy in the cast of Real World hit her and the camera guy did nothing ... When she spoke out, MTV sued her. And Entertainment Weekly rated Irene getting smash mouthed the 47th most interesting event on TV that whole year ... Can't you MTV think of a better way to raise audience awareness of domestic violence than to make it look cool?
VH1 ranked the slapping incident as the 9th most shocking reality TV moment. In 2014, MTV included the slapping incident in a list of "The Most Iconic Moments From 'Real World's First 10 Seasons".
Despite the show's portrayal of her having Lyme disease as the reason for her departure from filming, she later claimed in a taped interview aired during the 2000 reunion show, The Real World Reunion 2000, that the true reason was her ethical objections to aspects of the show's production. She has since lectured at numerous colleges and conferences nationwide about media manipulation and media literacy.
Other work
While earning a master's degree in Broadcast and Electronic Communication Arts from San Francisco State University, McGee began a youth-oriented radio show/podcast, No One's Listening, broadcast out of the university. The show included interviews with Noam Chomsky, Lawrence Lessig, Brewster Kahle, Violet Blue, and Jimmy Wales, and won the 2006 Pubbie Award as Best Bay Area Podcast by the San Francisco Bay Area Publicity Club. It ran from 2005 to 2014. She has spoken to colleges about media manipulation and reality television, and has appeared on VH1 and E! Entertainment Television. She hosted a talk radio show on KIFR a CBS station called "The Irene McGee Show". In 2008, she hosted a Revision3 show, Social Brew.
McGee has also been involved with a documentary about Lyme Disease, Under Our Skin: The Untold Story of Lyme Disease. In May 2018, she started a nonprofit Nap4Lyme, to raise awareness and money for the Disease.
McGee was the co-founder and editor of a health education site FYILiving.com , which was acquired by Action Factory .
McGee wrote and starred in a one-person comedic storytelling show about her life called "Me, Myself, and Irene."
References
External links
No One's Listening Podcast site
"The Spin on 'Real World'", The Washington Post, November 4, 1999.
McGee, Irene. "Slaps, Lies, and Videotape: Irene's True Story of 1998's The Real World: Seattle". Vulture''. November 23, 2013.
Living people
American women podcasters
American podcasters
People from Pleasant Valley, New York
The Real World (TV series) cast members
1976 births
San Francisco State University alumni
21st-century American women | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irene%20McGee |
TransApex was a road transport plan devised by Brisbane Lord Mayor Campbell Newman in the early 2000s to connect existing motorways and major arterial roads with new transport links and divert cross-city traffic out of the Brisbane central business district. The plan is currently being delivered by Brisbane City Council at an estimated total cost of over $10 billion across five stages. According to the Brisbane City Council website, TransApex is "the biggest urban road project proposed in Australia".
Background
Brisbane is well known for its significant long-term population growth, and this growth combined with the city's proximity to the high growth areas of the Gold Coast and the Sunshine Coast puts major pressure on the road and public transport network, with peak hour congestion on parts of the Brisbane road network. Despite the visible impacts of the high growth on the road network, road infrastructure and public transport in south-east Queensland has failed to keep up with the resulting increase in vehicular demand. Brisbane's road network operates essentially as a 'hub', with the city's major roads feeding directly into the CBD. In 2004, when TransApex was first proposed, there was only one corridor that traffic could use to bypass the city centre (the Gateway Bridge), which lies to the east of the CBD.
Original plan
Labor proposal
During the tenure of former Lord Mayor Jim Soorley, Labor had investigated a number of tunnels throughout Brisbane, including the future Clem Jones Tunnel and Airport Link, though none had progressed past feasibility studies by the time of the 2004 election.
Liberal proposal
As the Liberal lord mayoral candidate in the 2004 Brisbane local government election, Campbell Newman proposed a transport infrastructure plan which would "revolutionise cross-town travel for motorists and provide for the creation of cross-suburban bus routes for public transport patrons... while its resultant free-flowing road network will mean shorter trips, reduced fuel consumption and decreased vehicle emissions." Newman's original proposal was a system of five tunnels to be constructed in two stages:
Stage One (2004–2013, $3.2 billion)
The East/West Distributor: a four-lane tunnel (including a river tunnel) linking Logan Road and Old Cleveland Road at Stones Corner, the South East Freeway and Ipswich Road at Woolloongabba and the Western Freeway at Toowong (now East-West Link)
The North/South Distributor: a , four-lane tunnel running under Main Street and the Story Bridge, linking Ipswich Road, the South East Freeway, Logan Road and Old Cleveland Road with Bowen Bridge Road and the Inner City Bypass at Bowen Hills (now Clem Jones Tunnel)
The Northern Link: a , four-lane tunnel connecting the Western Freeway with the Hale Street Inner City Bypass route. This tunnel will also serve as a link between the East/West Distributor and the North/South Distributor, completing Brisbane's first inner ring road system (now Legacy Way)
The Hale Street/South Brisbane Connection: a 600-metre, four-lane tunnel linking Hale Street with Merivale and Cordelia Streets at South Brisbane. This tunnel represents a pre-emptive move against an expected growth in traffic in the area caused by the West End Urban Renewal Program (now Go Between Bridge)
Stage Two (2014–2018, $800 million)
The Kingsford Smith Drive Duplication: a tunnel linking the Inner City Bypass at the Breakfast Creek Hotel with the new alignment of the Gateway Arterial Road. This tunnel ensures that each of the city's main arterial roads is directly connected to the inner ring road system (now split into two distinct projects: Airport Link and Kingsford-Smith Drive widening)
The two stages of TransApex were proposed to be funded by a combination of a toll of $2 (including GST) per segment link and contributions from Federal, State and Local governments.
Current structure
The final implementation strategy of the plan is significantly different from what was originally proposed, and now consists of four tunnels and one bridge linking various parts of the city. The Kingsford Smith Drive Tunnel is likely to be abandoned and replaced by two projects – a tunnel linking the end of the North South Bypass Tunnel to the Brisbane Airport (part of the Airport Link project) and a staged surface upgrade of Kingsford Smith Drive.
The five projects (in chronological order of project commencement) are:
Clem Jones Tunnel (CLEM7)
Airport Link
Go Between Bridge (formerly Hale Street Link)
Legacy Way (formerly Northern Link)
East-West Link
Construction of the Clem Jones Tunnel, Legacy Way, Go Between Bridge and Airport Link has been completed, construction is currently underway on Stage 1 of the Kingsford Smith Drive upgrade. Discussions are still underway regarding the East-West Link and Stages 2 and 3 of the Kingsford Smith Drive upgrade and as of June 2011 firm construction dates for these projects have not been announced.
TransApex projects
Clem Jones Tunnel (North South Bypass Tunnel)
This tunnel was the largest project in the original TransApex proposal, and commenced construction in 2006 after the Royal Queensland Show in August. It links Woolloongabba to Bowen Hills via Kangaroo Point under the Story Bridge.
This project was delivered as a Public Private Partnership (PPP) by the RiverCity Motorway consortium at a final cost of $3.2 billion. The tunnel was opened on 18 March 2010, with traffic able to use the tunnel toll-free for 3 weeks due to its early opening. When the $3.95 toll was instated, poor initial patronage forced the operators to reduce the toll to $2 to encourage usage. The toll has since returned to its original value of $3.95.
Airport Link
This project was not part of the original TransApex proposal, and was first proposed by Soorley as Stages 2 and 3 of the North-South Bypass Tunnel. The tunnel originates at the northern end of the Clem Jones Tunnel at Bowen Hills and links the CBD to the Brisbane Airport via Kedron.
For ease of construction, this tunnel was built in conjunction with the Northern Busway project and the Airport Roundabout Upgrade project. Airport Link was constructed by the Brisconnections consortium of Macquarie Group, Thiess and John Holland and also used the PPP model. Construction costs for the project were estimated to be $4.8 billion and the toll is expected to be $4.90 per trip when full tolling commences in November 2013. The Airport Link project is the largest road infrastructure project in Australia and is the most expensive of the TransApex projects.
Go Between Bridge
Although originally proposed as a tunnel, a feasibility study favoured a bridge for economic and engineering reasons. It connects the western end of the Inner City Bypass with Merivale and Cordelia Streets in South Brisbane to the west of the existing William Jolly Bridge.
The bridge was constructed by the Hale Street Link Alliance at a final cost of $338 million. As of 1 July 2011 the toll will be $2.35 (adjusted for CPI), which is the lowest of all the TransApex projects.
Legacy Way
This tunnel links the Western Freeway at the Toowong roundabout to the Inner City Bypass near Victoria Park golf course. The Transcity joint venture commenced construction in April 2011 and the project was finished in mid-2015 at an estimated cost of $1.8 billion, including over $1 billion borrowed from the State Government and $500 million of federal funding. The toll was set at $3 for the first year after opening and as of April 2020, the toll is $5.19 per trip.
East-West Link
This tunnel is proposed to link the Western Freeway at the Toowong roundabout to the Pacific Motorway at Buranda. It is currently expected to commence sometime around 2026 but may be brought forward depending on the findings of a review currently underway by Brisbane City Council. The project does not appear in the Queensland State Government South East Queensland Infrastructure Plan and Program running to 2031.
As of June 2011 the proposed delivery model and toll and construction costs for the project have not been released.
Controversy
Despite the TransApex projects being a significant factor behind Newman's 2004 election victory, the initial support has been largely negated by community backlash and financial concerns regarding the projects' long term viability.
Financial
Australian tunnel operators have a poor financial track record, with Connector Motorways (Lane Cove Tunnel, Sydney) and Cross City Motorway (Cross City Tunnel, Sydney) both going into receivership. Of the TransApex tunnels, Rivercity Motorways went into receivership in February 2011 and BrisConnections in January 2012. Speculated causes for the financial difficulties include underestimated costs and overestimated revenue; the Clem Jones Tunnel was originally budgeted at $2 billion. Prior to the finish of construction, Airport Link constructors Leighton Holdings forecast a pre-tax loss of $430 million on the project.
Tolls
The current toll prices are all higher than the $2 per link proposed in the initial plan, and none of the remaining projects are likely to have tolls below this figure. Research has shown that tolling new infrastructure can actually discourage people from using it, keeping volumes high on the congested surface roads.
Usage
Actual traffic volumes on the Clem7 have been as low as a third of forecast volumes.
Community
A number of complaints about the project were lodged including those related to construction noise, dust, vibration and parking.
Community action groups such as the Rivermouth Action Group (Clem Jones Tunnel), West End Community Organisation (Go Between Bridge) and SOS4031 (Airport Link) provide forums for local residents and businesses to have an influence on construction related activities and decisions.
References
External links
BCC TransApex project page
Communities Against The Tunnels (lobby group opposed to car tunnels in Brisbane)
Rivermouth Action Group (lobby group opposed to tunnelling in Brisbane)
SOS4031 (community lobby group in Kedron)
Copy of Campbell Newman's election policy "Moving Brisbane" containing original TransApex proposal
Transport in Brisbane
Urban planning in Australia
Transportation planning | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TransApex |
USS PC-586 was a built for the United States Navy during World War II. She was later renamed Patchogue (PC-586), the second U.S. Navy ship of the name, but never saw active service under that name.
Career
Patchogue was laid down on 29 May 1942 at the Defoe Shipbuilding Company in Bay City, Michigan; launched as USS PC-586 on 15 July 1942; and commissioned on 5 October 1942.
After sea trials in the Gulf of Mexico, PC-586 transited the Panama Canal and served as an escort craft along the west coast of the United States. Her coastal operations were ultimately extended to the Hawaiian Islands, and during the period of 1 August through 31 December 1943, she was assigned to Commander, Hawaiian Sea Frontier, for duty. During this time she rendered valuable service as a training craft in the area of Pearl Harbor. She likewise performed patrol and convoy escort missions in Hawaiian waters. A convoy escort mission took PC-586 to Saipan on 23 July 1944.
With the end of hostilities, the submarine chaser continued to bolster Fleet readiness by briefly serving in a training capacity out of Pearl Harbor, and then along the east coast at both Charleston, South Carolina and Coco Solo, Panama Canal Zone.
PC-586 decommissioned and went into reserve at Norfolk, Virginia in January 1950. She was named Patchogue on 15 February 1956, the second U.S. Navy ship of the name. She was struck from the Navy List on 1 April 1959, and shortly thereafter sold to Potomac Shipwrecking Company for scrapping.
Awards
Patchogue received one battle star for World War II service.
References
External links
PC-461-class submarine chasers
Ships built in Bay City, Michigan
1942 ships
World War II patrol vessels of the United States
Cold War patrol vessels of the United States | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS%20PC-586 |
USS Patchogue has been the name of more than one United States Navy ship, and may refer to:
, a ferryboat in service from 1917 to 1922
, a submarine chaser in commission from 1942 to 1950, renamed USS Patchogue (PC-586) in 1955 while out of commission
United States Navy ship names | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS%20Patchogue |
Santo Antônio do Aventureiro is a municipality in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The population is 3,602 (2020 est.) in an area of 202.03 km². The elevation is 385 m. It became an independent municipality in 1962.
References
External links
http://www.citybrazil.com.br/sp/stoantonioaventureiro/ (in Portuguese)
Municipalities in Minas Gerais | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santo%20Ant%C3%B4nio%20do%20Aventureiro |
Robert A. Wagenhoffer (July 5, 1960 – December 13, 1999) was an American figure skater. As a single skater, he was the 1977 Nebelhorn Trophy champion, the 1980 NHK Trophy silver medalist, the 1981 Skate America silver medalist, and a two-time U.S. national medalist. Wagenhoffer also competed in pairs with Vicki Heasley, winning silver at the 1979 NHK Trophy, bronze at the 1979 Skate America, and silver at the 1979 Nationals. He retired from amateur competition in 1982, joining the Ice Capades.
Wagenhoffer died in December 1999 from complications of AIDS.
Results
Single skating
Pair skating with Heasley
References
1960 births
American male single skaters
American male pair skaters
1999 deaths
AIDS-related deaths in California
20th-century American sportsmen | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%20Wagenhoffer |
"The Happy Elf" is a holiday song with music and lyrics by Harry Connick Jr.
It was first released on Connick's album Harry for the Holidays, which became the best selling Christmas album of 2003. When asked about the songs on the album, Connick described "The Happy Elf" as a "kids’ song", about "how cool it would be to work in Santa’s shop". It was also recorded for the Harry For The Holidays television special/DVD.
The song became the origin of an animated Christmas TV special, also named The Happy Elf, which aired on NBC in 2005, and was released on DVD the same year. An animated music video of the song became available on the film's official website in 2005.
"The Happy Elf" reached #35 on the singles charts (adult contemporary) in 2005.
References
2003 songs
American Christmas songs
Harry Connick Jr. songs
Songs written by Harry Connick Jr. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Happy%20Elf%20%28song%29 |
The Parthian-class submarine or P class was a class of six submarines built for the Royal Navy in the late 1920s. They were designed as long-range patrol submarines for the Far East. These boats were almost identical to the , the only difference being a different bow shape.
Boats
References
Bibliography
External links
Submarine classes | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parthian-class%20submarine |
Arla Oy is one of the largest food manufacturers in Finland, holding a leading position in the dairy sector in Finland. It is a subsidiary of Danish-Swedish company Arla Foods.
History
The group, incorporated in 1907, owns and operates production plants in Finland (Sipoo, Lapinjärvi, Kuusamo, Kitee and Urjala), Sweden (Åhus, formerly operated by Åhus Glass) and Lithuania (Mazeikiai). It has a comprehensive sales and distribution network in Finland as well as in the neighbouring markets of Sweden and the Baltic countries. The group head offices are located in Sipoo near Helsinki.
In 2003, Ingman sold part of its ice-cream operations to Nestlé, to be operated under .
In 2011 the remaining ice-cream operations were sold to Unilever, which in 2012 consolidated the Ingman brand under its general Algida/heart-shaped branding. Before the sale, had 2010 revenues of 70 M€, brands like Ingman, Kingis, Jättis, Totally, SuperViva, Åhus Glass and TofuLine, and 700 employees with facilities in Sipoo, Åhus, Mazeikiai and Gomel.
On November 8, 2006 Arla Foods bought one third of the Ingman Foods shares, with the option to buy the rest of the company, and the European Commission deemed the deal to be pro-competitive. The subsequent merger of Ingman into Arla made Arla the second biggest dairy business of Finland, although still far from Valio's dominant position. For a few years the market was then disrupted by a price war, as well as by marketing campaigns related to retailers' decision to carry Arla milk imported from Sweden. Valio was eventually fined 70 M€ in 2013, and the market stabilised afterwards.
Operations
Arla operates dairy factories in Porlammi (Lapinjärvi) and in Söderkulla (Sipoo). The industrial area near Söderkulla is named after Arla and Unilever and the local sports arena is named after Ingman.
References
External links
Arla Foods
Food and drink companies established in 1907
Food and drink companies of Finland
1907 establishments in Finland | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arla%20Oy |
Pasir Salak (Jawi: ڤاسير سالق; ) is a mukim and historical riverside town in Perak Tengah District, Perak, Malaysia, about 45 minutes from the state capital, Ipoh.
The British colonial official J.W.W. Birch, who had been sent to take up the position of the first British Resident in Perak, was assassinated at Pasir Salak as the result of a conspiracy involving the local chiefs Dato Maharaja Lela and Sepuntum. The British responded to Birch's assassination with a military intervention during the Perak War.
Today, Pasir Salak is also the name of the parliamentary constituency.
Notable places
J.W.W Birch Memorial
Pasir Salak Mosque
Kutai Traditional House (Rumah Kutai)
Makam Sepuntum
Dato Maharaja Lela Memorial
Birch's murder site
Jetty
Pasir Salak historical tunnel
Perak's Menteri Besar Gallery
Pasir Salak Resort
No wonder Lah land
References
Mukims of Perak
Perak Tengah District | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasir%20Salak |
Craig Jacotine (born 21 June 1980) is a former Australian rules footballer who played in the Australian Football League
Jacotine was an unlucky player considering his credentials. He wasn't picked up until no.41 in the 1998 AFL Draft, when people thought he would have been picked up at a younger age the year before. He captained the Vic Metro U18 side in 1998, and played at U18 level in the TAC Cup for 2 seasons with Dandenong. He made his debut with Collingwood on ANZAC Day against the Bombers in the traditional blockbuster. He started off well in his debut season, and was regarded early on as a future leader by captain Nathan Buckley. His form went down-hill in 1999 after stringing most of the season together since his first game. In 2000 he would only play 2 games, spending most of his season at Williamstown after he was outed by injury. He was delisted at the end of the year.
External links
1980 births
Living people
Collingwood Football Club players
Williamstown Football Club players
Australian rules footballers from Victoria (state)
Dandenong Stingrays players
Australian people of Sri Lankan descent | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Craig%20Jacotine |
Desert Island is the 1980 debut album of German cross-cultural new-age band Cusco. The album attained high popularity in the form of sales in Japan and Korea.
Track listing
References
1980 debut albums
Cusco (band) albums | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desert%20Island%20%28album%29 |
ToonHeads is an American animation anthology series consisting of Hanna-Barbera, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Warner Bros., and Popeye cartoon shorts, with background information and trivia, prominently about animators and voice actors of the shorts. ToonHeads was originally broadcast on Cartoon Network from October 2, 1992, until November 23, 2003.
The series was first announced on the Cartoon Network Special "Droopy's Guide to the Cartoon Network" as part of a promotion advertising the various blocks that would appear on the channel and what order they would be shown in. This special was the very first broadcast on the Cartoon Network's launch on October 1, 1992, and was re-aired throughout October 1992. The series includes more than 102 episodes (many undocumented), when including five specials (four one-hour specials and one half-hour special, two of which ("The Best of the Worst Cartoons Ever" and "The Twelve Missing Hares") were never aired).
Format
Early seasons feature an announcer stating each episode's theme and three cartoons to be showcased. Then the show underwent two format changes. The first happened in late 1995 when Don Kennedy was added as the narrator and would tell the history and facts of each cartoon shown (Don Kennedy would also have narration duties on The Tex Avery Show that same year).
The second format change came in 1998 when George A. Klein took over as producer and writer of the show. He wanted the show to be a "Ken Burns" type of weekly documentary on specific cartoon history. Creating specific "themed" episodes utilizing the Warner Bros. cartoons. Three basic concepts used for these episodes are directors (e.g. Chuck Jones and Friz Freleng), characters (e.g. "Evolution of Tweety" and "The Year Elmer Fudd Got Fat"), and themes. Episodes include themes like cartoons that lampooned Hollywood celebrities and movies; cartoons where the humor comes from a character trying to get some sleep and being interrupted; cartoons that make fun of sports; obscure and rare works from Warner Bros.; and a look at the allegations of plagiarism between "The Cat Concerto" and "Rhapsody Rabbit". Trivia questions were also added about the related cartoons used in each episode's theme. From 1998 to 2003, Leslie Fram did the narration for each episode's final tracks and George A. Klein narrated the rough-cut scratch tracks.
Episodes
ToonHeads is notable for showing cartoons that were rarely seen on television, such as on "The Wartime Cartoons" special, "The Lost Cartoons" special, and one series of episodes in January 1996 featuring the long-unseen Nudnik shorts There was also a special that aired on October 20, 1996, titled A Night of Independent Animation, which featured independent student films, such as Another Bad Day for Philip Jenkins by Mo Willems, and The Wire by Aaron Augenblick.
As of August 2022, the two unaired episodes "The Best of the Worst Cartoons Ever" and "The Twelve Missing Hares" have been found. These episodes were preserved on tape by episode writer Jerry Beck and transferred through media loan by Jerico Dvorak who made them available.
Season 1 (1992–95)
Season 2 (1996)
Season 3 (1998–99)
Season 4 (1999)
Season 5 (1999–2001)
Season 6 (2001)
Season 7 (2002)
Season 8 (2003)
References
See also
Toon In with Me
External links
on Internet Archive
1990s American animated television series
2000s American animated television series
1990s American anthology television series
2000s American anthology television series
1992 American television series debuts
2003 American television series endings
Cartoon Network original programming
American children's animated anthology television series
Animation fandom
English-language television shows
Looney Tunes television series | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ToonHeads |
Hickory Run State Park is a Pennsylvania state park in Kidder and Penn Forest Townships in Carbon County, Pennsylvania in the United States. The park is spread across the Pocono Mountains. The park is easily accessible from Interstate 476 and Interstate 80.
Hickory Run State Park was chosen by the Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (DCNR) and its Bureau of Parks as one of "25 Must-See Pennsylvania State Parks".
Recreation
The park supports many activities, some of which vary seasonally. During the summer months, swimming is available in Sand Spring Lake. Swimming is allowed only at one designated swimming area, which is a sand beach, of Sand Spring Lake. Furthermore, this swimming area is open for swimming only from late May to mid-September. Because there are no lifeguards, swimming is at your own risk.
In winter, the frozen lake can be used for ice skating. Seasonal hunting is permitted in many areas of the park, with white-tailed deer, black bear, and squirrels among the game that may be hunted legally. Additional hunting opportunities are available in nearby state game lands, some of which border the park.
Hiking
The park contains of trails that offer a variety of hiking experiences. For example, the long "Shades of Death" Trail follows the course of Sand Spring Run through dense rhododendron bushes that bloom from mid-June through mid-July. The run is dammed at certain points, creating lakes. The Fireline, Gould, and Pine Hill Trails are suitable for cross-country skiing in winter. A short walk on the Hawk Falls trail leads to a popular waterfall. Biking is prohibited on all trails.
Geology
The most notable feature of Hickory Run State Park is the huge boulder field located in the northeast corner of the park. The field can be reached by car on Boulder Field Road or by hiking the long Boulder Field Trail from the trailhead on SR 534. The field comprises about ( or ) in area ( east-west by north-south). The top of the boulder layer is virtually level with the approaching path. This boulder field, known as the Hickory Run boulder field, is the largest of its kind in the Appalachian region. It consists of a very gently sloping expanse of boulders that occupies the axis of a small valley with approximately of relief. A coniferous forest with stony loam soils surrounds the field.
The field's boulders range from less than to more than in length. They consist of hard, gray-red, medium-grained sandstone and conglomeratic sandstone from the Catskill Formation which forms the adjacent ridgelines. The boulders at the northeast, upslope end of the boulder field, are generally more angular than those found downslope to the southwest. In the southwest part of the boulder field, boulders are typically subrounded and overlie a layer of small, polished clasts with a red weathering rind. To the southeast is a distinct group of boulders, which are less than long. They appear to be bedrock that is shattered in situ.
One of two processes, both involving periglacial processes, explains the formation of boulder fields, such as the Hickory Run boulder field. First, boulder-size blocks are generated from the fracturing of an upslope bedrock outcrop by alternating freeze and thaw. As boulders accumulate at the base of the rock slope, periglacial ice-catalyzed heaving and sliding transports them downslope during cold climatic periods to form boulder fields. Finally, boulder fields are also formed by the exhumation of corestones. Initially, corestones form underground by the action of spheroidal weathering on jointed bedrock. Later, the weathered rock, which is called saprolite and formed by the alteration of rock, is progressively removed by erosion from around the corestones to expose them as isolated boulders. In time, these boulders are altered and redistributed over time by the accumulation of unconsolidated soil and sediment; freeze and thaw; and perhaps by periglacial action or glaciation during cold periods to form boulder fields.
The presence of glacial erratics south of the area of the Hickory Run boulder field indicate that this area has been covered by an ice sheet at least once, although the timing of the ice sheet or multiple ice sheets is uncertain. The most extensive ice sheet to cover the area containing this boulder field occurred prior to 900,000 years ago as evidenced by reversed magnetic polarity glacial deposits found south of the boulder field. Proglacial deposits of normal polarity suggest the occurrence of another glaciation extensive enough to cover this area sometime after 740,000 years ago. The last glaciation to have covered the area of the Hickory Run boulder field is mapped as Illinoian, about 150,000 years ago. However, it is possible that this ice sheet is somewhat older than this at about 400,000 years ago
However, cosmogenic nuclide studies demonstrate that some boulders of the Hickory Run boulder field have been exposed at the near surface for about 600,000 years. The interpretation of this data concluded that this boulder field has survived multiple glacial-interglacial cycles and possibly at least one glaciation. This conclusion would indicate that it and other boulder fields are dynamic features that persisted through multiple glacial-interglacial cycles because of the resistance of boulders to weathering and erosion. The large size of Hickory Run boulder field likely reflects multiple periods of periglacial activity during a number of glacial periods.
Nearby state parks
The following state parks are within of Hickory Run State Park:
Beltzville State Park (Carbon County)
Big Pocono State Park (Monroe County)
Frances Slocum State Park (Luzerne County)
Gouldsboro State Park (Monroe and Wayne Counties)
Jacobsburg Environmental Education Center (Northampton County)
Lehigh Gorge State Park (Carbon and Luzerne Counties)
Locust Lake State Park (Schuylkill County)
Nescopeck State Park (Luzerne County)
Tobyhanna State Park (Monroe and Wayne Counties)
Tuscarora State Park (Schuylkill County)
References
External links
National Natural Landmarks in Pennsylvania
State parks of Pennsylvania
Pocono Mountains
Protected areas established in 1945
Parks in Carbon County, Pennsylvania
Campgrounds in Pennsylvania
Protected areas of Carbon County, Pennsylvania | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hickory%20Run%20State%20Park |
Digimon Adventure 02 is a 50-episode sequel of the 1999 anime series Digimon Adventure. It was created by Toei Animation and aired in Japan on Fuji TV between April 2, 2000, and March 25, 2001. The series was directed by Hiroyuki Kakudō and produced by Keisuke Okuda. Music for Digimon Adventure 02 was composed by Takanori Arisawa, and characters were designed by Katsuyoshi Nakatsuru. The story, set in an alternate timeline of the real world, opens four years after the events of Digimon Adventure with the next generation of DigiDestined children. In their quest to maintain peace in the Digital World, the kids battle both new and returning foes. In a 2001 survey published by Japanese anime and entertainment magazine Animage of its readers, Digimon Adventure 02 placed 17th on the list of anime that should be most remembered in the 21st century. It tied with the 1988 film My Neighbor Totoro.
The series has aired in many countries in Asia, Europe, and the Americas in a combination of dubbed and subtitled versions. For example, Mexican public and cable television channels aired both versions of the anime. In the United States, the English dub of Digimon Adventure 02 began airing on Fox Kids on August 19, 2000. Following the discontinuation of the programming block, it aired on ABC Family, Toon Disney, and Disney XD. During its airing on Fox Kids, the series helped push the network into first place during the February 2001 Nielsen ratings sweeps among viewers aged 6–11. The episodes of Digimon Adventure 02 have also been made available digitally through various media outlets. The first 15 episodes were made available for download on IGN's Direct2Drive service in July 2008. The subtitled version of the series has been hosted on the streaming media website Crunchyroll since October 27, 2008. In a digital partnership with Toei, Funimation Entertainment also began streaming the subtitled Digimon Adventure 02 on its online video portal on April 3, 2009. Volume DVDs have been released by Toei in Japan, and boxed sets have been released by Happinet in Japan and by Alliance Entertainment in North America.
In the original Japanese version, the opening theme of the series was by Kōji Wada. Two ending themes by Ai Maeda (credited as AiM) were used, and . The English opening reuses the theme song from Digimon Adventure by Paul Gordon.
The second season of Digimon: Digital Monsters (aka Digimon Adventure 02 in the original, unedited Japanese version) was licensed by Saban Entertainment in North America. The show initially aired on Fox Kids and Fox Family Channel, before distribution rights were held by Disney/BVS, later airing on Toon Disney and ABC Family.
Episode list
Volume DVDs
Japanese release
Toei Video, the distribution arm of Toei Animation, released a total of 12 DVD compilations of Digimon Adventure 02 in Japan between January 21 and December 7, 2001. The series was also released as a 9-disc boxed set on December 22, 2006, by Happinet Pictures.
North American release
New Video Group released the season on March 26, 2013.
Digimon: Digital Monsters, Volume 4 (Episodes 1–21)
Digimon: Digital Monsters, Volume 5 (Episodes 22–37)
Digimon: Digital Monsters, Volume 6 (Episodes 38–50)
Australian release
Two collections of the season (each containing 25 episodes) were released by Madman Entertainment. The first collection was released on 5 December 2012 with the second collection been released in 2013.
See also
Digimon
List of Digimon Adventure episodes
Notes
References
External links
Digimon Adventure 02 official website
Digimon Adventure 02
2000 Japanese television seasons
2001 Japanese television seasons
Adventure 02 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Digimon%20Adventure%2002%20episodes |
The following list contains songs produced, co-produced or remixed by hip-hop producer DJ Premier.
1989
Gang Starr - No More Mr. Nice Guy
01. "Premier & The Guru"3
02. "Jazz Music"
03. "Gotch U"
04. "Manifest"
06. "DJ Premier in Deep Concentration"
07. "Positivity (Remix)"
08. "Words I Manifest (Remix)"
09. "Conscience Be Free"
10. "Cause and Effect"
11. "2 Steps Ahead"
12. "No More Mr. Nice Guy"
14. "Positivity"
1990
Lord Finesse & DJ Mike Smooth - Funky Technician
01. "Lord Finesse's Theme Song Intro" (featuring Grandpa Finesse)
02. "Baby, You Nasty (New Version)"
06. "Slave to My Soundwave" (co-produced by DJ Mike Smooth)
10. "A Lesson to Be Taught"
12. "Strictly for the Ladies" (featuring Patricia (Chocolate))
13. "Track the Movement"
Lord Finesse & DJ Mike Smooth - "Strictly for the Ladies / Back to Back Rhyming"
A1. "Strictly for the Ladies (Radio Remix)"
B1. "Back to Back Rhyming (Vocal Remix)" (featuring A.G.)
Kool DJ Red Alert - (Part 3) Let's Make It Happen
08. "Red Alert Chant"
Branford Marsalis Quartet - Mo' Better Blues Soundtrack
08. "Jazz Thing" (featuring Gang Starr, co-produced by Branford Marsalis)
Gang Starr - Step in the Arena
01. "Name Tag (Premier & The Guru)"
02. "Step in the Arena"
03. "Form of Intellect"
04. "Execution of a Chump (No More Mr. Nice Guy Pt. 2)"
05. "Who's Gonna Take the Weight?"
06. "Beyond Comprehension"
07. "Check the Technique"
08. "Lovesick"
09. "Here Today, Gone Tomorrow"
10. "Game Plan"
11. "Take a Rest"
12. "What You Want This Time?"
13. "Street Ministry"
14. "Just to Get a Rep"
15. "Say Your Prayers"
16. "As I Read My S-A"
17. "Precisely the Right Rhymes"
18. "The Meaning of the Name"
19. "Credit Is Due" [Japan-only bonus track]
1991
Cookie Crew - Fade to Black
09. "A Word from the Conscious" (co-produced by Guru)
Cookie Crew - "Secrets (Of Success)"
B3. "A Word to the Conscious" (co-produced by Guru)
Dream Warriors - "I Lost My Ignorance (And Don't Know Where to Find It)"
A1. "I Lost My Ignorance (And Don't Know Where to Find It) (Original Mix)" (featuring Gang Starr, co-produced by Guru and Dream Warriors)
A2. "I Lost My Ignorance (And Don't Know Where to Find It) (Gang Starr Remix)" (featuring Gang Starr, co-produced by Guru)
Ice-T - "Lifestyles of the Rich and Infamous / The Tower"
A1. "Lifestyles of the Rich and Infamous (Remix)"
J Rock - Streetwize
04. "Brutality"
05. "The Pimp"
11. "Ghetto Law"
14. "The Real One"
20. "Neighborhood Drug Dealer (DJ Premier Remix)" [Bonus Track]
Subsonic 2 - Include Me Out
12. "Dedicated to the City" (featuring Keith E, co-produced by Guru and Subsonic 2)
19. "Regardless" (co-produced by Guru, Subsonic 2 and MG Bad)
Subsonic 2 - "Unsung Heroes of Hip Hop"
B1. "Dedicated to the City (The Gang Starr Mix)" (co-produced by Guru)
Wendy & Lisa - Re-Mix-In-A-Carnation
05. "Satisfaction (Gangstarr Remix)" (featuring Guru)
1992
Gang Starr - Lovesick 12"
A1. "Lovesick (Extended Mix)"
B2. "Credit Is Due"
Gang Starr - Daily Operation
01. "Daily Operation (Intro)"
02. "The Place Where We Dwell"
03. "Flip the Script"
04. "Ex Girl to Next Girl"
05. "Soliloquy of Chaos"
06. "I'm the Man" (featuring Lil Dap & Jeru the Damaja)
07. "’92 Interlude"
08. "Take It Personal"
09. "2 Deep"
10. "24-7/365"
11. "No Shame in My Game"
12. "Conspiracy"
13. "The Illest Brother"
14. "Hardcore Composer"
15. "B.Y.S."
16. "Much Too Much (Mack a Mil)"
17. "Take Two and Pass"
18. "Stay Tuned"
Gang Starr - Take It Personal / DWYCK 12"
B1. "DWYCK" (featuring (Nice & Smooth)
Various Artists - Trespass Soundtrack
08. "Gotta Get Over (Taking Loot)" (by Gang Starr)
Gang Starr / Mobb Deep - Doe in Advance / Cop Hell 12"
A1. "Doe in Advance (Main Mix)"
B1. "Cop Hell (Main Mix)"
Loose Ends - Tighten Up Vol. 1
05. "A Little Spice (Gang Starr Remix)" (co-produced by Guru)
Soul II Soul - Just Right
B2. "Intelligence (Jazzie II Guru Mix)" (co-produced by Guru)
Too Short - In the Trunk
B1. "In the Trunk (Glove Compartment Radio Mix)"
Compton's Most Wanted - Def Wish II
A1. "Def Wish II (East Coast Gang Starr Re-Mix)"
Neneh Cherry - Homebrew
01. "Sassy" (featuring Guru, co-produced by Guru)
04. "I Ain't Gone Under Yet" (co-produced by Guru, Booga Bear, Johnny Dollar and Neneh Cherry)
Heavy D & the Boyz - Blue Funk
10. "Here Comes the Heavster"
12. "Yes Y'all"
1993
Marxman - 33 Revolutions per Minute
09. "Drifting" (co-produced Guru)
Da Youngsta's - The Aftermath
13. "Wake Em Up"
Mobb Deep - Juvenile Hell
04. "Peer Pressure"
Boss - Deeper
B2. "Drive By (Rollin' Slow Remix)" (produced by Norris "Roblow" Jones Of Crimelab Music Group and Co-Produced by Erick Sermon)
Da King & I - Krak Da Weazel
B3. "Flip Da Scrip (Remix) (Main Pass)"
KRS-One - Return of the Boom Bap
01. "KRS-One Attacks"
02. "Outta Here"
04. "Mortal Thought"
05. "I Can't Wake Up" (co-produced by KRS-One)
12. ""P" Is Still Free"
14. "Higher Level"
Red Fox - As a Matter of Fox
14. "Ya Can't Test Me Again"
Das EFX - Kaught in Da Ak
A1. "Kaught in Da Ak (Remix - Clean)"
Shyheim - On and On
A3. "On and On (Premier Remix)"
1994
Nas - Illmatic
02. "N.Y. State of Mind"
06. "Memory Lane (Sittin' in da Park)"
09. "Represent"
Gang Starr - Hard to Earn
01. "Intro (The First Step)"
02. "ALONGWAYTOGO"
03. "Code of the Streets"
04. "Brainstorm"
05. "Tonz 'O' Gunz"
06. "The Planet"
07. "Aiiight Chill..."
08. "Speak Ya Clout"
09. "DWYCK"
10. "Words from the Nutcracker"
11. "Mass Appeal"
12. "Blowin' Up the Spot"
13. "Suckas Need Bodyguards"
14. "Now You're Mine"
15. "Mostly tha Voice"
16. "F.A.L.A."
17. "Comin' for Datazz"
Gang Starr - Suckas Need Bodyguards 12"
B2. "The ? Remainz (Street Version)"
M.O.P. - "Rugged Neva Smoove"
B. "Rugged Neva Smoove (Premier Remix - Street)"
D2. "Downtown Swinga (Radio)"
Jeru the Damaja - The Sun Rises in the East
01. "Intro (Life)"
02. "D. Original"
03. "Brooklyn Took It"
04. "Perverted Monks in tha House (Skit)"
05. "Mental Stamina" (featuring Afu-Ra)
06. "Da Bichez"
07. "You Can't Stop the Prophet"
08. "Perverted Monks in tha House (Theme)"
09. "Ain't the Devil Happy"
10. "My Mind Spray"
11. "Come Clean"
12. "Jungle Music"
13. "Statik"
Buckshot LeFonque - Buckshot LeFonque
01. "Ladies & Gentlemen, Presenting..." (co-produced by Branford Marsalis)
05. "Wonders & Signs" (featuring Blackheart, co-produced by Branford Marsalis)
08. "Some Shit @ 78 BPM (The Scratch Opera)"
09. "Hotter Than Hot" (featuring Blackheart, co-produced by Blackheart)
10. "The Blackwidow Blues" (featuring The Lady of Rage, co-produced by Branford Marsalis)
11. "Breakfast @ Denny's" (co-produced by Branford Marsalis)
13. "No Pain, No Gain" (co-produced by Branford Marsalis)
15. "...And We Out" (co-produced by Branford Marsalis)
16. "Breakfast @ Denny's (Uptown Version)" (featuring Uptown) [Bonus Track]
Big Daddy Kane - Daddy's Home
04. "Show & Prove" (featuring Big Scoop, J.Z., Ol' Dirty Bastard, Sauce and Shyheim)
The Notorious B.I.G. - Ready to Die
16. "Unbelievable"
Omar - "Keep Steppin'"
A3. "Keep Steppin' (D.J. Premier Mix)" (featuring Uptown)
Various Artists - Kickin Da Flava
03. "Ease My Mind (Premier's Radio)" (by Arrested Development)
Dream Warriors - Subliminal Simulation
05. "It's a Project Thing" (co-produced by Dream Warriors)
07. "I've Lost My Ignorance" (featuring Guru, co-produced by Guru and Dream Warriors)
1995
Showbiz and A.G. - Goodfellas
05. "Next Level (Nyte Time Mix)"
Big Shug - "Treat U Better"
A1. "Treat U Better" (co-produced Guru)
Guru - Jazzmatazz, Vol. 2: The New Reality
05. "Skit A (Interview) / Watch What You Say" (featuring Chaka Khan and Branford Marsalis, co-produced by Guru)
Guru - "Lifesaver"
A2. "Lifesaver (DJ Premier Remix)"
Bone Thugs-n-Harmony - "1st of Tha Month"
A1. "1st of Tha Month (DJ Premier's Phat Bonus Remix)"
Various Artists - Clockers Soundtrack
05. "Return of the Crooklyn Dodgers" (by Crooklyn Dodgers '95 - Chubb Rock, O.C. and Jeru the Damaja)
Blahzay Blahzay - "Danger"
B1. "Danger (Remix) (Street Mix)"
Das EFX - Hold It Down
02. "No Diggedy"
05. "Real Hip Hop (Original Version)"
KRS-One - KRS-One
01. "Rappaz R. N. Dainja"
03. "MC's Act Like They Don't Know"
08. "Wannabemceez" (featuring Mad Lion)
Fat Joe - Jealous One's Envy
08. "The Shit Is Real (DJ Premier Remix)"
13. "Success (DJ Premier Remix)"
Group Home - Livin' Proof
01. "Intro"
02. "Inna Citi Life"
03. "Livin' Proof"
05. "Suspended in Time"
06. "Sacrifice"
07. "Up Against the Wall (Low Budget Mix)"
09. "Baby Pa"
10. "2 Thousand"
11. "Supa Star"
12. "Up Against the Wall (Getaway Car Mix)"
13. "Tha Realness"
Scha Dara Parr - The Cycle Hits-Remix Best Collection
03. "Cracker MC's (DJ Premier Remix)"
Various Artists - The D&D Project
01. "1, 2 Pass It" (by D&D All-Stars (Doug E. Fresh, Fat Joe, Jeru the Damaja, KRS-One, Mad Lion and Smif-n-Wessun))
The D&D All-Stars - 1, 2 Pass It 12"
B1. "1, 2 Pass It Remix"
1996
Group Home - "Suspended in Time / Tha Realness"
A1. "Suspended in Time (Groovy Remix Street)" (featuring Groove Theory)
Bahamadia - Kollage
01. "Intro"
04. "Rugged Ruff"
05. "Interlude"
13. "True Honey Buns (Dat Freak Shit)"
14. "3 Tha Hard Way"
Big Shug - "Crush / Official"
A1. "Crush (Street)"
Jay-Z - Reasonable Doubt
06. "D'Evils"
10. "Friend or Foe"
13. "Bring It On" (featuring Big Jaz and Sauce Money)
Nas - It Was Written
04. "I Gave You Power"
D'Angelo - "Lady"
A1. "Lady (Clean Street Version)" (featuring AZ)
D'Angelo - "Me and Those Dreamin' Eyes of Mine"
B1. "Me and Those Dreamin' Eyes of Mine (Two Way Street Mix)"
Jeru the Damaja - Wrath of the Math
01. "Wrath of the Math"
02. "Tha Frustrated Nigga"
03. "Black Cowboys"
04. "Tha Bullshit"
05. "Whatever"
06. "Physical Stamina"
07. "One Day"
08. "Revenge of the Prophet (Part 5)"
09. "Scientifical Madness"
10. "Not the Average"
11. "Me or the Papes"
12. "How I'm Livin'"
13. "Too Perverted"
14. "Ya Playin' Yaself"
15. "Invasion"
M.O.P. - Firing Squad
01. "Intro"
03. "Firing Squad" (featuring Teflon)
04. "New Jack City" (featuring Teflon)
05. "Stick to Ya Gunz" (featuring Kool G Rap)
08. "Brownsville"
09. "Salute"
11. "Downtown Swinga ('96)"
Rawcotiks - "Hardcore Hip-Hop"
B1. "Hardcore Hip-Hop (Street Mix II)"
Special Ed - "Freaky Flow (DJ Premier Remixes)"
A2. "Freaky Flow (DJ Premier Remix) (Street Version)"
1997
Gang Starr - You Know My Steez 12"
B2. "So Wassup?! (Down & Dirty Version)"
Jeru the Damaja - "Me or the Papes"
B4. "Me, Not the Paper (Remix Dirty)"
The Notorious B.I.G. - Life After Death
1-04. "Kick in the Door" (featuring The Madd Rapper)
2-05. "Ten Crack Commandments"
Buckshot LeFonque - "Music Evolution"
A1. "Music Evolution (DJ Premier Version)"
Howie B
"Take Your Partner by the Hand (DJ Premier Remix)"
The Lady of Rage - Necessary Roughness
11. "Some Shit"
12. "Microphone Pon Cok" (featuring Madd 1)
Various Artists - Soul in the Hole Soundtrack
03. "Against the Grain" (by Sauce Money)
O.C. - Jewelz
02. "My World"
03. "War Games" (featuring Organized Konfusion)
07. "Win the G" (featuring Bumpy Knuckles)
10. "M.U.G." (featuring Freddie Foxxx)
Zeebra - "マイクの刺客 / The Untouchable"
B1. "The Untouchable"
Jay-Z - In My Lifetime, Vol. 1
01. "Intro / A Million and One Questions / Rhyme No More"
06. "Friend or Foe '98"
Rakim - The 18th Letter
04. "It's Been a Long Time"
10. "New York (Ya Out There)"
Janet Jackson - "Together Again"
1. "Together Again" (DJ Premier 100 in a 50 Remix)
2. "Together Again" (DJ Premier Just the Bass Vocal)
1998
Various Artists - Belly Soundtrack
02. "Devil's Pie" (by D'Angelo)
13. "Militia Remix" (by Gang Starr)
Various Artists - Blade Soundtrack
02. "1/2 & 1/2" (by Gang Starr featuring M.O.P.)
Various Artists - Tommy Boy's Greatest Beats 1981 - 1996
5-02. "Wrath of My Madness (DJ Premier Remix)" (by Queen Latifah)
Gang Starr - Moment of Truth
01. "You Know My Steez"
02. "Robbin Hood Theory"
03. "Work"
04. "Royalty" (featuring K-Ci & JoJo)
05. "Above the Clouds" (featuring Inspectah Deck)
06. "JFK 2 LAX"
07. "Itz a Set Up" (featuring Hannibal Stax)
08. "Moment of Truth"
09. "B.I. vs Friendship" (featuring M.O.P.)
10. "The Militia" (featuring Big Shug, Freddie Foxxx)
11. "The Rep Grows Bigga"
12. "What I'm Here 4"
13. "She Knowz What She Wantz"
14. "New York Strait Talk"
15. "My Advice 2 You"
16. "Make 'Em Pay" (featuring Krumbsnatcha)
17. The Mall" (featuring G-Dep, Shiggy Sha)
18. "Betrayal" (featuring Scarface)
19. Next Time"
20. "In Memory Of…"
Gang Starr - The Militia 12"
B1. "You Know My Steez (Three Men And A Lady Remix)" (featuring The Lady Of Rage, Kurupt)
Jay-Z - "A Million and One Questions"
B1. "A Million and One Questions (Premier Remix)"
M.O.P. - First Family 4 Life
02. "Breakin' the Rules"
08. "I Luv" (featuring Freddie Foxxx)
09. "Salute Part II" (featuring Gang Starr)
11. "Handle Ur Bizness (DJ Premier Remix)"
14. "Downtown Swinga '98"
Robbie Robertson - Contact from the Underworld of Redboy
11. "Take Your Partner by the Hand (Red Alert Mix)" (featuring Howie B)
Krumbsnatcha - Snatcha Season Pt. 1
07. "Closer to God"
Cheyenne - "Feel My Love"
B1. "Feel My Love (DJ Premier Remix)"
Jermaine Dupri - Life in 1472
12. "Protectors of 1472" (featuring Snoop Dogg, Warren G and R.O.C.)
Fat Joe - Don Cartagena
09. "Dat Gangsta Shit"
Funkmaster Flex - The Mix Tape Volume III 60 Minutes Of Funk (The Final Chapter)
20. "Freestyle" (by Gang Starr)
Jay-Z - Vol. 2... Hard Knock Life
01. "Intro - Hand It Down" (featuring Memphis Bleek)
Brand Nubian - Foundation
02. "The Return"
Paula Perry - "Extra, Extra!!"
A2. "Extra, Extra!! (LP Version)" (featuring Nikki D and Que 45)
All City - Metropolis Gold
07. "The Actual"
1999
Tef - Premier Presents...: F-U / Comin' At Cha
A. "F-U"
B. "Comin' At Cha"
Gang Starr - Full Clip: A Decade of Gang Starr
1-01. "Intro"
1-02. "Full Clip"
1-03. "Discipline" (featuring Total)
2-01. "All 4 Tha Ca$h"
Nas - I Am...
01. "Album Intro"
02. "N.Y. State of Mind Pt. II"
13. "Nas Is Like"
Group Home - A Tear for the Ghetto
06. "The Legacy" (featuring Guru)
Limp Bizkit - Significant Other
02. "N 2 Gether Now" (featuring Method Man, co-produced by Terry Date and Limp Bizkit)
Charli Baltimore - Cold as Ice
06. "Everybody Wanna Know"
Brandy - U Don't Know Me (Like U Used To) - The Remix EP
02. "Almost Doesn't Count" (DJ Premier Mix)"
Truck - Symphony 2000 / Who Am I
B2. "Who Am I (Album)"
Truck - Breaker One 12"
A2. "Breaker One (Dirty Version)"
B2. "Bring It To The Cypher (Dirty Version)" (featuring KRS-One)
A.G. - The Dirty Version
09. "Weed Scented" (featuring O.C., Mr. Mudd and Guru)
Mos Def - Black on Both Sides
16. "Mathematics"
Nas - Nastradamus
06. "Come Get Me"
Rakim - The Master
03. "When I B on the Mic"
16. "Waiting for the World to End"
The Notorious B.I.G. - Born Again
11. "Rap Phenomenon" (featuring Method Man & Redman)
Jay-Z - Vol. 3... Life and Times of S. Carter
02. "So Ghetto"
2000
Afu-Ra - Body of the Life Force
03. "Defeat"
07. "Mic Stance"
12. "Visions"
15. "Equality" (featuring Ky-Mani)
16. "Monotony"
Big L - The Big Picture
01. "The Big Picture (Intro)"
08. "The Enemy" (featuring Fat Joe) Originally released in 1997
12. "Platinum Plus" (featuring Big Daddy Kane)
Chauncey Black - Shame On You
"Shame On You" (co prod. by Chauncey Black)
Black Eyed Peas - Bridging the Gap
01. "BEP Empire"
Sonja Blade - "Look 4 Tha Name"
A1. "Look 4 Tha Name (Street Version)/ Body Bag Sh*t"
Bumpy Knuckles - Industry Shakedown
14. "R.N.S."
19. "Part of My Life"
Capone-n-Noreaga - The Reunion
05. "Invincible"
Common - Like Water for Chocolate
09. "The 6th Sense" (featuring Bilal)
D'Angelo - Voodoo
02. "Devil's Pie"
D.I.T.C. - D.I.T.C.
01. "Thick"
09. "Ebonics (Premo Mix)"
11. "Da Enemy"
D.I.T.C. - The Official Version
B1. "Where Ya At (Remix)"
Edo. G - The Truth Hurts
01. "Sayin' Somethin'"
Guru - Jazzmatazz, Vol. 3: Streetsoul
03. "Hustlin' Daze" (featuring Donell Jones)
12. "Where's My Ladies" (feat. Big Shug) [co-produced with Guru]
Heather B - "Guilty"
A1. "Guilty (Street)"
M.O.P. - Warriorz
01. "Premier Intro"
03. "Everyday" (featuring Product G&B)
05. "Face Off 2K1"
09. "On the Front Line"
11. "Follow Instructions"
18. "Roll Call"
PUSHIM - "Set Me Free"
A1. "Set Me Free (Main Mix)"
Rah Digga - Dirty Harriet
16. "Lessons of Today"
The Lox - We Are the Streets
09. "Recognize"
Sauce Money - Middle Finger U
11. "Intruder Alert"
Screwball - Y2K The Album
03. "F.A.Y.B.A.N."
06. "Seen It All"
Tony Touch - The Piece Maker
02. "The Piece Maker" (featuring Gang Starr)
Various Artists - Lyricist Lounge 2
17. "I've Committed Murder" (by Macy Gray, featuring Mos Def, co-produced by Guru)
2001
Biz Markie - "...And I Rock / Interview"
A1. "...And I Rock" (featuring Black Indian)
DJ Cam - Soulshine
14. "Voodoo Child (DJ Premier Remix)" (featuring Afu-Ra)
Craig David - "7 Days (DJ Premier Remix)"
"7 Days" (Remix) w/o Mos Def and Nate Dogg
"7 Days" (Remix) w/o Nate Dogg
A1. "7 Days (DJ Premier Remix) (Vocal)" (featuring Mos Def and Nate Dogg)
Dilated Peoples - Expansion Team
03. "Clockwork"
Guru - Baldhead Slick & Da Click
02. "Back 2 Back" (featuring Mendoughza)
J-Live - The Best Part
16. "The Best Part"
Jadakiss - Kiss tha Game Goodbye
06. "None of Y'all Betta" (featuring Styles P and Sheek)
Janet Jackson - "All for You"
1. "All for You" (Top Heavy Remix)
2. "All for You" (Top Heavy TV Mix)
3. "All for You" (Top Heavy Remix Instrumental)
Limp Bizkit - New Old Songs
08. "Getcha Groove On (Dirt Road Mix)" (featuring Xzibit)
14. "My Way (DJ Premier Way Remix)"
Lina - "It's Alright (Gang Starr Remix)"
A1. "It's Alright (Gang Starr Remix)" (featuring Gang Starr, co-produced by Guru)
Nas - Stillmatic
08. "2nd Childhood"
Various Artists - Fat Beats Compilation, Volume One
02. "The Lah" (by Bumpy Knuckles)
05. "Bigacts Littleacts (Remix)" (by Afu-Ra, featuring GZA)
Various Artists - Rawkus Exclusive
01. "First Nigga (DJ Premier Remix)" (by Kool G Rap)
Various Artists - Training Day soundtrack
13. "Tha Squeeze" (by Gang Starr)
2002
Afu-Ra - Life Force Radio
07. "Lyrical Monster"
17. "Blvd." (featuring Guru)
Various Artists - Music from and Inspired by the Motion Picture 8 Mile
1-15. "Battle" (by Gang Starr)
Devin the Dude - Just Tryin' Ta Live
11. "Doobie Ashtray"
Gang Starr - Skills / Natural 12"
A2. "Skills (Main Version)"
B2. "Natural (Main Version)"
Heather B - Eternal Affairs
02. "Steady Rockin'" (featuring Twyla)
Jaz-O & The Immobilarie - Kingz Kounty
01. "718"
13. "Love Is Gone"
Just-Ice - "Gangsta's Don't Cry / Just Rhymin' with Kane"
A1. "Gangsta's Don't Cry (Street)"
Krumbsnatcha - Respect All Fear None
04. "Incredible" (featuring Guru)
Non Phixion - The Future Is Now
07. "Rock Stars"
Ras Kass - "Goldyn Chyld"
A2. "Goldyn Chyld (Street Version)"
Royce da 5'9" - Rock City (Version 2.0)
04. "My Friend"
11. "Boom"
Snoop Dogg - Paid the Cost to Be the Bo$$
13. "The One and Only"
18. "Batman & Robin" (featuring The Lady of Rage & RBX)
Snoop Dogg Presents…Doggy Style Allstars - Welcome to Tha House, Vol. 1
14. "Unfucwitable" (featuring The Lady of Rage)
The X-Ecutioners - Built from Scratch
12. "Premier's X-Ecution"
Tony Touch - The Last of the Pro Ricans
07. "Gotcha Back" (featuring Rise & Shine)
Various Artists - Fat Beats Compilation, Volume Two
12. "Just Rhymin with Kane" (by Just-Ice, featuring Big Daddy Kane)
Xzibit - Man vs. Machine
2-02. "What a Mess"
2003
Bumpy Knuckles - Konexion
03. "Paine (Pressure At INdustry Expense)"
13. "Lazy Days"
Craig G - This Is Now!!!
03. "Ready Set Begin"
The Ranjahz - Who Feels It Knows
03. "Inspiration" (featuring Cee-Lo)
Just-Ice - History / Love Rap
A1. "History"
B1. "Love Rap (Street)"
Various Artists - Fat Beats Compilation, Volume Three
02. "Any Type of Way" (by Big Daddy Kane)
11. "History" (by Just-Ice)
KRS-One - D.I.G.I.T.A.L.
06. "Bring It to the Cypher"
Gang Starr - The Ownerz
01. "Intro (HQ, Goo, Panch)"
02. "Put Up or Shut Up" (featuring Krumbsnatcha)
03. "Werdz from the Ghetto Child" (featuring Smiley The Ghetto Child)
04. "Sabotage"
05. "Rite Where U Stand" (featuring Jadakiss)
06. "Skills"
07. "Deadly Habitz"
08. "Nice Girl, Wrong Place" (featuring Boy Big)
09. "Peace of Mine"
10. "Who Got Gunz" (featuring Fat Joe & M.O.P.)
11. "Capture (Militia Pt. 3)" (featuring Big Shug & Freddie Foxxx)
12. "PLAYTAWIN"
13. "Riot Akt"
14. "(Hiney)"
15. "Same Team, No Games" (featuring NYG'z & H. Stax)
16. "In This Life..." (featuring Snoop Dogg & Uncle Reo)
17. "The Ownerz"
18. "Zonin'"
19. "Eulogy"
20. "Natural" [Japan Bonus Track]
21. "Tha Squeeze" [Japan Bonus Track]
2004
CeeLo Green - Cee-Lo Green... Is the Soul Machine
11. "Evening News" (featuring Chazzie & Sir Cognac the Conversation)
Freddie Foxxx - "Turn Up the Mics / Teach the Children"
B1. "Teach the Children (Main Mix)"
Hasstyle - "BX-TRA"
02. "Projects" (featuring Shinobi #7)
Masta Ace Incorporated - "Born to Roll / Saturday Night Live (DJ Premier Remix)"
B1. "Saturday Night Live (DJ Premier Remix) (Main)"
Nas - It Was... Remixed (Rare Unreleased & Remixed)
B2. "Nas Is Like (DJ Premier Remix)"
Pitch Black - Pitch Black Law
03. "It's All Real"
10. "Got It Locked" (featuring Foxy Brown)
Proof - I Miss the Hip Hop Shop
12. "Play with Myself" (Freestyle)
Royce Da 5'9" - Death Is Certain
07. "Hip Hop"
The Marxmen - Marxmen Cinema
1-04. "Bloody Murdah"
Various Artists - Fastlife Music Presents: Code of the Streets
16. "2 to the Stomach" (by Blaq Poet)
2005
Afu-Ra - State of the Arts
13. "Sucka Free"
AZ - A.W.O.L.
10. "The Come Up"
Big Shug - Who's Hard?
02. "The Way It Iz"
03. "Counter Punch" (featuring Guru)
04. "On the Record"
05. "Bang 'Em Down"
06. "Do Ya"
07. "Tha 3 Shugs"
08. "Sic a Niguz" (featuring Bumpy Knuckles)
19. "Dirt" (featuring H Stax & Smiley the Ghetto Child)
20. "What's Really Real?"
Blaq Poet - "We Gonna Ill / Poet's Comin'"
A1. "We Gonna Ill (Street)"
B1. "Poet's Comin' (Street)"
Gang Starr Foundation - Ahead of the Game
01. "Intro" (co-produced by DJ Jones)
Heather Hunter - H Double: The Unexpected
09. "Freak Like Me"
Lord Finesse - Rare Selections EP Vol. 3
A1. "Keep the Crowd Listening (DJ Premier Remix)"
M.O.P. - St. Marxmen
07. "Pop Shots (featuring O.D.B.)"
Smooth B - "Game Over / Rude Awakening"
A1. "Game Over (Street)"
Ol' Dirty Bastard - Osirus
01. "Pop Shots (Wu-Tang)"
Sway & King Tech - Back 2 Basics
08. "Enough Beef" (featuring Royce da 5'9", Common & Chino XL)
Teriyaki Boyz - Beef or Chicken?
11. "You Know What Time Is It!?"
Tony Touch - "Play that Song"
B2. "Gangsta Gangsta (Dirty Version)" (featuring Tego Calderón)
2006
AZ - The Format
10. "The Format"
Agallah - You Already Know
06. "New York Ryder Music"
Black Eyed Peas - Renegotiations: The Remixes
03. "My Style (DJ Premier Remix)" (featuring Justin Timberlake)
Blaq Poet - Rewind: Deja Screw
01. "Bang This"
03. "Message from Poet"
06. "Watch Your Back"
10. "Poet Has Come"
Christina Aguilera - Back to Basics
1-01. "Intro (Back to Basics)" (featuring Linda Perry)
1-03. "Back in the Day"
1-04. "Ain't No Other Man"
1-11. "Still Dirrty"
1-13. "Thank You (Dedication to the Fans)"
F.A.B.I.D. - "Proper Dosage / It Iz What It Iaz"
A2. "Proper Dosage (Dirty)" (featuring Boy Big)
Lake Featuring Cormega - My Brother's Keeper
18. "Dirty Game"
MC Lyte - Back To Lyte
"Wonder Years"
Panjabi MC - Inside Man (Soundtrack)
"Chaiyya Chaiyya Bollywood Joint"
Pitch Black - Revenge
01. "Nice" (featuring Styles P)
02. "Revenge"
03. "Rep Da Hardest"
Ras Kass - Eat or Die
11. "Realness Freestyle"
Smiley the Ghetto Child - The Antidote
14. "The Wake Up Call"
Tef - "Showtime / Just Rhymin' with Krumb"
A1. "Showtime (Dirty)"
Termanology - "Watch How It Go Down (Remix) / Far Away"
A2. "Watch How It Go Down (Remix) (Dirty)" (featuring Papoose & Lil' Fame)
Various Artists - The Source Presents Fat Tape
17. "Never Be" (by J-Hood)
Verbal Threat - "Reality Check / Reckless Eye-Ballin'"
A1. "Reality Check (Main)"
Gang Starr - Mass Appeal: Best of Gang Starr
19. "The Natural"
2007
Big Shug - Streetchamp
04. "Play It"
08. "Streets Move" (featuring Singapore Kane)
10. "It Just Don't Stop"
Kanye West, Nas, KRS-One & Rakim - "Better Than I've Ever Been / Classic (Remix)"
B1. "Classic (Better Than I've Ever Been) (DJ Premier Remix)"
Mark Ronson - "Just"
A2. "Just (DJ Premier's Justremixitmix) (Clean)" (featuring Blaq Poet and Phantom Planet)
NYGz - Welcome 2 G-Dom
01. "Itz On" (featuring Rave)
02. "Ya Dayz R #'d"
06. "Get 2 Tha Point"
07. "G'z & Hustlaz" (featuring Rave)
08. "Welcome 2 G-Dom"
10. "Giantz Ta Thiz"
16. "Strength"
NYG'z - "Ya Dayz R #'d / N.H.B. / What Kinda Life"
B1. "N.H.B. (Street)" (featuring Blaq Poet)
Royce da 5'9" - "The Bar Exam"
A1. "Hit'Em (Street)"
B1. "Ding! (Street)"
Special Teamz - Stereotypez
06. "Main Event"
2008
Big Shug - Other Side of the Game
02. "Soundcheck"
03. "When I Strike"
05. "Like a Muhfucka"
09. "My Boston" (featuring Termanology & Singapore Kane)
Byata - Undefined
14. "Byata Is the Illest"
Fat Joe - The Elephant in the Room
12. "That White"
House of Repz - "U Gotta Love Us"
01. "U Gotta Love Us"
Ill Bill - The Hour of Reprisal
09. "Society Is Brainwashed"
Smirnoff Signature Mix Series - "Criminal Minded '08 / The Light '08 / Midnight '08"
A1. "Criminal Minded '08" (by KRS-One)
Kool G Rap - Half a Klip
09. "On the Rise Again" (feat. Haylie Duff)
SunKiss - We Go Back
Laura Izibor - Shine
02. "From My Heart to Yours (DJ Premier Version)"
Little Vic - Each Dawn I Die
07. "The Exorcist"
Ludacris - Theater of the Mind
12. "MVP"
Maroon 5 - Call and Response: The Remix Album
15. "Secret (Premier 5 Remix)"
NYGz - "Welcome 2 G-Dom / Ya Dayz R #'d (NYGemix)"
B1. "Ya Dayz R #'d (NYGemix) (Street)" (featuring Bumpy Knuckles, Lady of Rage and Royce da 5'9")
Reks - Grey Hairs
03. "Say Goodnight"
DJ Premier - Beats That Collected Dust Vol. 1
01. "Spin Live"
02. "Sing Like Bilal"
03. "Blow Horn Joint"
04. "Pee-An-Oh"
05. "Mysterious"
06. "Dadaa"
07. "Dink"
08. "B-Line"
09. "Trackhorn"
10. "Waaaaaa"
11. "Droop"
12. "Original Represent"
Termanology - Politics as Usual
02. "Watch How It Go Down"
07. "How We Rock" (featuring Bun B)
10. "So Amazing"
Torae - Daily Conversation
05. "Click" (featuring Skyzoo)
13. "Get It Done" (featuring Skyzoo)
2009
Blaq Poet - Tha Blaqprint
01. "I-Gititin"
03. "Ain't Nuttin' Changed"
04. "What’s the Deal?"
05. "Legendary Pt. 1" (featuring Nick Javas 7 NYGz)
06. "Hood Crazy"
07. "Voices"
08. "Hate" (featuring N.O.R.E.)
10. "Stretch Marks & Cigarette Burns" (featuring Panchi & Imani Montana)
11. "S.O.S."
12. "Let the Guns Blow"
13. "Don't Give a Fucc"
14. "Rap Addiction" (featuring Lil' Fame & Shabeeno)
15. "Never Goodbye"
Capone-N-Noreaga - Channel 10
06. "Grand Royal"
Cormega - Born And Raised
07. "Make It Clear"
11. "Dirty Game"
M.O.P. - Foundation
05. "What I Wanna B" (feat. Rell)
Reks - More Grey Hairs
03. "Cloud 9"
Royce da 5'9" - Street Hop
04. "Something 2 Ride 2" (featuring Phonte)
10. "Shake This"
19. "Hood Love" (featuring Bun B & Joell Ortiz)
Seven - "Go Slow"
B1. "Go Slow" (featuring Talib Kweli) (DJ Premier Remix)
Rytmus - Král
15. "Jediný" (feat. DJ Premier)
Deams - The Legacy EP
01. "DJ Premier Legacy Intro" (feat. DJ Premier)
2010
Bun B - Trill O.G.
13. "Let 'Em Know"
Canibus - C of Tranquility
06. "Golden Terra Of Rap"
15. "Golden Terra Of Rap" (iM Remix) (featuring Donwill & Von Pea, Moe Green & Truthlive)
Fat Joe - The Darkside
11. "I'm Gone"
Joell Ortiz
"Project Boy"
Smiley the Ghetto Child - I'm Legend
A1. "I'm Legend"
DJ Premier Presents Get Used To Us
01. "Bang Dis!" (featuring Blaq Poet)
02. "Policy" (featuring NYGz)
03. "Opportunity Knoccs" (featuring Nick Javas)
04. "Hot Flames" (featuring Khaleel)
05. "Epic Dynasty" (featuring Dynasty)
07. "Temptation" (featuring Young Maylay)
08. "5%" (featuring KRS-One & Grand Puba)
09. "Ya Dayz R #'d (NYGemix)" (featuring NYGz, The Lady of Rage, Bumpy Knuckles & Royce da 5'9")
10. "Sing Like Bilal" (featuring Joell Ortiz)
11. "Married 2 Tha Game" (featuring Teflon & Styles P)
12. "Not A Game" (featuring Nick Javas)
13. "Ain't Nuttin' Changed (Remix)" (featuring Blaq Poet, MC Eiht & Young Maylay)
14. "Lifetime Membership" (featuring Teflon, Saigon & Papoose)
16. "The Gang Starr Bus" (featuring Bumpy Knuckles)
2011
Apathy - Honkey Kong
05. "Stop What Ya Doin'" (featuring Celph Titled)
Bushido - Jenseits von Gut und Böse
10. "Gangster"
DJ Premier - Beats That Collected Dust Vol. 2
01. "John T."
02. "Ch-Ching"
03. "Dots"
04. "Doomp Doomp Doomp"
05. "Stylesss"
06. "Epic-ishh"
07. "Beautiful"
08. "Change"
09. "Live Pro"
10. "I Don't Know"
11. "Late Night"
12. "N.Y.S.O.M. #20"
DJ Premier & The Berklee Symphony - Regeneration CDQ
"Regeneration" (featuring Nas)
DJ Premier
"Yo MTV Raps Theme Remix"
Edo G - A Face In The Crowd
01. "Fastlane"
Evidence - Cats & Dogs
06. "You"
17. "The Epilogue"
Mac Miller
"Face the Facts"
Game - The R.E.D. Album
18. "Born In the Trap"
Joell Ortiz - Free Agent
05. "Sing Like Bilal"
Kendra Morris - Concrete Waves
"Concrete Waves" (DJ Premier 320 Remix)
Nick Javas - Destination Unknown
"Anonymous" (featuring Khaleel)
"One of Them Days"
Prop Dylan - The Cardinal Sin
"Shock & Amaze"
Reks - Rhythmatic Eternal King Supreme
01. "25th Hour"
Roscoe P. Coldchain
"Imma Kill This Nigga" (featuring Ab-Liva)
Royce da 5'9" - Success Is Certain
01. "Second Place"
13. "Writer's Block" (DJ Premier Remix) (featuring Eminem) [iTunes Bonus Track]
SebastiAn - Embody
B. "Embody (DJ Premier 95 Break Remix)"
Slick Rick - The Sitter O.S.T.
"Need Some Bad"
Soulkast - Honoris Causa
01. "Première Salve"
Teflon
"4 Tha Love"
Sample Credit: Isaac Hayes - "The Feeling Keeps On Coming"
Torae - For the Record
12. "For the Record"
Venom - Vigilantes
A2. "Vigilantes" (DJ Premier VHS Remix) (featuring Blaq Poet)
Verve Records and Rockstar Games Present LA Noire Remixed
04. "Ain't Nobody Here But Us Chickens" (DJ Premier Remix)
Wais P - Premo Pimpin' EP
01. "Competition (Skit)"
02. "Multiple Sclerosis"
03. "Premo Fresh (Skit)"
04. "Money In The Yard"
05. "Some of The Best (Skit)"
06. "Lessons"
07. "Premo Still Prevail"
08. "Come Back To Collect"
09. "When The Cops Come (Snitch Bitch)"
10. "Trill OG Bun B (Skit)"
11. "Ampitheatre"
2012
DJ Premier & Bumpy Knuckles - StOoDiOtYmE EP
01. "StOoDiOtYmE"
02. "Fake"
03. "That Preemo Shit"
04. "tAkEiT2tHeToP"
05. "Inspired By Fire"
DJ Premier & Bumpy Knuckles - KoleXXXion
01. "My Thoughts"
02. "Shake the Room" (featuring Flavor Flav)
03. "B.A.P. (Bumpy And Premier)"
04. "eVrEEbOdEE"
05. "wEaRe aT WaR"
06. "P.A.I.N.E. (Pressure At Industry Expense)"
07. "The Life"
08. "F.Y.P.A.U. (Fuck Your Punk Ass Up)"
09. "D'Lah"
10. "More Levels"
11. "GrEaTnEsS"
12. "EyEnEvErPuTmY4cUsAwAy"
13. "Turn Up the Mic (DJ Premier Remix)" (featuring Nas)
14. "The Key"
15. "OwNiT"
16. "The Gang Starr Bus"
N.O.R.E. - Crack On Steroids mixtape
11. "Thiz Iz Hip Hop" (featuring Bumpy Knuckles)
La Coka Nostra - Masters of the Dark Arts
04. "Mind Your Business"
38 Spesh - Time Served mixtape
20. "No More"
Big Shug - I.M. 4-Eva
02. "Hardbody" (featuring Fat Joe & M.O.P)
03. "Spit Six"
05. "Blue Collar"
11. "We Miss You"
Scott Knoxx - Take Off
04. "Make the Sound" (featuring Rhymefest & Money-B)
ChrisCo - MI State of Mind
02. "Straight Up" (featuring Jon Connor & Elzhi)
Lil' Fame & Termanology - Fizzyology
06. "Play Dirty" (featuring Busta Rhymes & Styles P)
Vinnie Paz - God of the Serengeti
03. "The Oracle"
Game
"HVN4AGNGSTA" (featuring Master P)
2013
Joey Bada$$ - Summer Knights
17. "Unorthodox"
Big Daddy Kane
"28 Bars of Kane"
Khaleel
"Nobody Tryna Hear Ya"
Czarface - Czarface
09. "Let It Off"
Ill Bill - The Grimy Awards
17. "World Premier"
Demigodz - Killmatic
06. "Worst Nightmare"
Papoose - The Nacirema Dream
15. "Turn It Up"
Tony Touch - The Piece Maker 3: Return of the 50 MC's
01. "Touch and D-Stroy" (featuring D-Stroy)
Rapsody - She Got Game
14. "Kingship"
Fat Joe - The Darkside Vol. 3
05. "Your Honor" (featuring Action Bronson)
Mack Wilds - New York: A Love Story
06. "Keepin It Real" (co-produced by Salaam Remi)
Dynasty - A Star In Life's Clothing
05. "Street Music"
Sokół & Marysia Starosta - Czarna Biała Magia
13. "Zepsute Miasto"
Kontrafakt - Navždy
01. "O5 S5"
Disclosure - Settle (Special Edition)
03. "Latch" (DJ Premier Remix)
2014
DJ Premier
"Guitar Stomp" (Instrumental)
"Love At The Store" (Instrumental)
"Zoo York Welcomes Gavin Nolan" (Instrumental)
"Bars in the Booth (Session 2)" with Dres
"Bars in the Booth (Session 3)" with Jakk Frost
"Bars in the Booth (Session 4)" with A.G.
"Bars in the Booth (Session 5)" with Loaded Lux
"Bars in the Booth (Session 6)" with Bumpy Knuckles
Various Artists
"Najsilniejsi przetrwają" (featuring Pyskaty, Numer Raz, Proceente, Pelson, Rahim, Łysol, Mielzky, Dwa Sławy, Zeus, Chada, Klasik, Quebonafide, JodSen, Joteste, Bezczel, Siwers & Ten Typ Mes) (produced by DJ Premier & Luxon)
Papoose
"Current Events"
Various Artists - DJ Premier X Serato 2x12"
A1. NYGz - "My Influences"
A2. The Lady of Rage - "Chemical Burn"
A3. "Spaced Dem Mo" (Instrumental)
A4. "Scarz Face" (Instrumental)
D.I.T.C. - The Remix Project
01. "Diggin' In the Crates (DJ Premier Remix)" (featuring Diamond D, Showbiz, A.G. & Lord Finesse)
Skyzoo & Torae - Barrel Brothers
14. "The Aura" (co-produced by AntMan Wonder)
38 Spesh - The Art of Production
08. "The Meeting (Problems or Peace)" (featuring Kool G Rap)
Soulkast - Memento Mori
02. "French Touch"
Dilated Peoples - Directors of Photography
06. "Good As Gone"
First Division - Overworked & Underpaid
11. "This Iz Tha Time"
Ea$y Money - The Motive of Nearly Everybody, Yo
03. "Nothin Alike"
Dynamic Duo - A Giant Step (single)
01. "AEAO"
02. "Animal"
Saigon - G.S.N.T. 3: The Troubled Times of Brian Carenard
08. "Let's Get Smart"
09. "One Foot In The Door" (featuring Big Daddy Kane)
10. "Nunya"
Leftover
"One Foot In The Door" (featuring Big Daddy Kane) (Original version)
Diabolic - Fightin' Words
01. "Diabolical Sound"
Ryan Bowers - Owtsider
02. "The Premier"
Various Artists - Shady XV
05. "Y'all Ready Know" (by Slaughterhouse)
PRhyme - PRhyme
01. "PRhyme"
02. "Dat Sound Good" (featuring Ab-Soul & Mac Miller)
03. "U Looz"
04. "You Should Know" (featuring Dwele)
05. "Courtesy"
06. "Wishin'" (featuring Common)
07. "To Me, To You" (featuring Jay Electronica)
08. "Underground Kings" (featuring Schoolboy Q & Killer Mike)
09. "Microphone Preem" (featuring Slaughterhouse)
2015 bonus tracks
10. "Golden Era" (featuring Joey Badass)
11. "Wishin' II" (featuring Black Thought)
12. "Highs and Lows" (featuring MF DOOM & Phonte)
13. "Mode II" (featuring Logic)
Paolo Nutini
"Let Me Down Easy (DJ Premier Remix)"
2015
DJ Premier
"Bars in the Booth (Session 7)" with Skyzoo & Torae
"Bars in the Booth (Session 8)" with Ras Kass
Joey Bada$$ - B4.DA.$$
03. "Paper Trail$"
The Four Owls - Natural Order
04. "Think Twice"
DJ EFN - Another Time
09. "Who's Crazy?" (featuring Troy Ave, Scarface, Stalley & DJ Premier)
Big Shug - Triple OGzus
01. "I Am Somebody"
02. "I Bleed for This"
09. "Off Rip" (featuring Termanology & Singapore Kane)
Lion Babe
"Wonder Woman (DJ Premier Remix)"
DJ Premier & BMB Spacekid
"Til It's Done" (featuring Anderson .Paak)
Jakk Frost
"Dope Boy Talk"
DJ Snake - Encore (Target Edition)
16. "You Know You Like It (DJ Premier Remix)"
King Magnetic - Timing Is Everything
09. "Status"
Papoose - You Can't Stop Destiny
04. "The Plug"
Various Artists - Southpaw (Music from and Inspired By the Motion Picture)
11. "Mode" (by PRhyme featuring Logic)
Dr. Dre - Compton
14. "Animals" (featuring Anderson .Paak, additional production by BMB Spacekid)
Sidney Max
"Here Come The Birds" (featuring Dres)
Torae - Entitled
15. "Saturday Night"
G. Fisher - God MC
"Fish Over Premier"
Various Artists - NBA 2K16 (soundtrack)
"Hold the City Down" (by Papoose)
"Bum Bum Bum" (Instrumental)
The Game - The Documentary 2
15. "The Documentary 2"
Termanology - Term Brady - EP
09. "Get off the Ground (DJ Premier Mix)" (featuring Sean Price, Fame, Ruste Juxx, Justin Tyme, Hannibal Stax, Papoose & Reks)
Jimi Charles Moody
"Other Man (DJ Premier Remix)"
2016
DJ Premier & The Badder
"Rockin' With The Best" (featuring Royce da 5'9")
Bumpy Knuckles & Sy Ari
"EmOsHuNaL GrEeD"
Yuna - Chapters (Deluxe Edition)
11. "Places to Go"
Kanye West
"I Love Kanye (T.L.O.Preemix)"
Royce da 5'9" - Tabernacle: Trust the Shooter
01. "Black History"
Classified - Greatful
01. "Filthy"
D.I.T.C. - Sessions
10. "Connect 3" (featuring Diamond D, A.G. & O.C.)
Torii Wolf
"1st (Remix)" (featuring Dilated Peoples)
"Shadows Crawl (Open Eyes Remix)" (featuring Rapsody)
DJ Premier & Bumpy Knuckles
"Rock The Room" (featuring Flavor Flav)
Desiigner
"Tiimmy Turner (Preemix)"
Twenty One Pilots
"Lane Boy (DJ Premier Remix)"
The Lox - Filthy America... It's Beautiful
05. "Move Forward"
2017
Faith Evans & The Notorious B.I.G. - The King & I
24. "NYC" (featuring Jadakiss)
DJ Premier
"2 Lovin U" (with Miguel)
"My Space Baby" (with Cherub)
MC Eiht - Which Way Iz West
06. "Runn the Blocc" (featuring Young Maylay)
13. "Last Ones Left" (featuring Compton's Most Wanted)
14. "4 Tha OG'z" (featuring Bumpy Knuckles)
Torii Wolf - Flow Riiot
01. "Everlasting Peace"
02. "Meant to Do"
03. "1st"
04. "Big Big Trouble"
06. "I'd Wait Forever and a Day for You"
08. "Go from Here"
09. "Shadows Crawl"
10. "Nobody Around"
12. "Where We Belong"
Miley Cyrus - Younger Now (The Remixes)
03. "Younger Now (DJ Premier Remix)"
Slaine & Termanology - Anti-Hero
02. "Anti-Hero" (featuring Bun B & Everlast)
ASAP Ferg
"Our Streets"
2018
Evidence - Weather or Not
12. "10,000 Hours"
Apathy - The Widow's Son
05. "The Order"
PRhyme - PRhyme 2
01. "Interlude 1 (Salute)"
02. "Black History"
03. "1 of the Hardest"
04. "Era" (featuring Dave East)
05. "Respect My Gun" (featuring Roc Marciano)
06. "W.O.W. (With Out Warning)" (featuring Yelawolf)
07. "Sunflower Seeds" (featuring Novel & Summer of '96)
08. "Streets at Night"
09. "Rock It"
10. "Loved Ones" (featuring Rapsody)
11. "My Calling"
12. "Made Men" (featuring Big K.R.I.T. & Denaun Porter)
13. "Relationships (Skit)"
14. "Flirt" (featuring 2 Chainz)
15. "Everyday Struggle" (featuring Chavis Chandler)
16. "Do Ya Thang"
17. "Gotta Love It" (featuring Brady Watt & CeeLo Green)
Torii Wolf & DJ Premier - Love Me (Amazon Original)
"Silent Crow"
Trick-Trick - SmokeGang
11. "Get 2 It" (featuring B-Real)
38 Spesh & Kool G Rap - Son of G Rap
"The Meeting"
"Young 1s" (featuring Che'Noir & Anthony Hamilton)
J. Cole
"1985 (DJ Premier 1966 Remix)"
Rudimental
"These Days (DJ Premier Remix)" (featuring Jess Glynne, Macklemore & Dan Caplen)
Drake - Scorpion
10. "Sandra's Rose" (additional production by Maneesh)
Casanova
"Wut U Said"
2019
Papoose - Underrated
02. "Numerical Slaughter"
Masta Ace & Marco Polo - A Breukelen Story
20. "E.A.T. (Evolve And Transcend)" (featuring Evidence) (Bonus Track)
Conway The Machine, Westside Gunn & Benny the Butcher
"Headlines"
Mike Posner
"Slow It Down"
Gang Starr - One of the Best Yet
01. "The Sure Shot (Intro)"
02. "Lights Out" (featuring M.O.P.)
03. "Bad Name"
04. "Hit Man" (featuring Q-Tip)
05. "What's Real" (featuring Group Home & Royce Da 5'9")
06. "Keith Casim Elam (Interlude)"
07. "From A Distance" (featuring Jeru The Damaja)
08. "Family and Loyalty" (featuring J. Cole)
09. "Get Together" (featuring Ne-Yo & Nitty Scott)
10. "NYGz/GS 183rd (Interlude)"
11. "So Many Rappers"
12. "Business Or Art" (featuring Talib Kweli)
13. "Bring It Back Here"
14. "One Of The Best Yet (Big Shug Interlude)"
15. "Take Flight (Militia, Pt. 4)" (featuring Big Shug & Freddie Foxxx)
16. "Bless the Mic"
Big Shug - The Diamond Report
02. "EMF"
11. "Still Big"
David Bars - The Bar Code
01. "Just like that"
04. "Beat The Odds"
2020
Bishop Nehru - Nehruvia: My Disregarded Thoughts
05. "Too Lost"
The Four Owls - Nocturnal Instinct
07. "100%"
Jamo Gang - Walking With Lions
05. "The 1st Time" (feat. Slug, Tyler Kimbro)
Westside Gunn - Pray for Paris
11. "Shawn vs Flair"
Singapore Kane - Don Manifesto
05. "Dreams and Visions"
Public Enemy - What You Gonna Do When the Grid Goes Down?
03. "State Of The Union (STFU)"
Armani Caesar - The Liz
07. "Simply Done" (feat. Benny the Butcher)
Conway the Machine - From King to a God
14. "Nothin' Less"
Busta Rhymes - Extinction Level Event 2: The Wrath of God
10. "True Indeed"
Papoose - Endangered Species
11. "Workin"
Russ - CHOMP
03. "Inside Job"
Gang Starr
00. "Glowing Mics"
2021
Gang Starr
"Glowing Mics (Founders Rmx)" featuring Big Shug
Papoose
"NBA Rhyme Scheme"
Westside Gunn
"Narcissist"
Russ - CHOMP 2
07. "Free" featuring Big K.R.I.T., Snoop Dogg & DJ Premier
DJ Premier & 2 Chainz
"Mortgage Free"
DJ Premier
"Why Would I Stop" featuring Wale
2022
Mass Appeal Records - Hip Hop 50 EP Vol.1
01. "Lettin Off Steam" (feat. Joey Bada$$)
02. "Remy Rap" (feat. Remy Ma, Rapsody)
03. "Beat Breaks" (feat. Nas)
04. "Terrible 2´s" (feat. Run The Jewels)
05. "Root Of It All" (feat. Slick Rick, Lil Wayne)
Sonnyjim & The Purist - White Girl Wasted
03. "Doc Ellis" (featuring DJ Premier)
Black Soprano Family - Long Live DJ Shay
"Times Is Rough"
Liam Gallagher
"Diamond In The Dark (DJ Premier Remix)
Prodigy - The Hegelian Dialectic 2: The Book of Heroine
"Walk Out" (featuring DJ Premier)
El Gant - O.S.L.O.
03. "Leave It Alone"
Feid
"Le Pido a Dios"
Ab-Soul - Herbert
18. "Gotta Rap"
2023
Teflon - 2 Sides To Every Story
02. "Out The Gate"
03. "Contraband"
04. "4 Tha Love"
11. "Hostile Takeover" (featuring Benny the Butcher)
13. "The Thoro Side" (featuring M.O.P.)
DJ Premier
"Runway" (featuring Westside Gunn & Rome Streetz)
BLP Kosher - Bars Mitzvah
12. "Endless" (co-produced with Brady Watt (Producer))
DJ Premier - Beats That Collected Dust Vol. 3
01. "WooWooWoo"
02. "Really"
03. "Kelly B"
04. "Eiht 45"
05. "Climb Max"
06. "Here We Go"
07. "Haye"
08. "Bah Dah"
09. "Bogart"
10. "The Can"
11. "Dee Ell P"
12. "Bark ‘N Growl"
13. "Spaced Dem No"
14. "Shy Role"
15. "Perc Pad"
16. "Bobble"
17. "In Moe"
18. "Episode 207"
References
External links
DJ Premier Trackology
Discography
Production discographies
Hip hop discographies
Discographies of American artists | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DJ%20Premier%20production%20discography |
David Joseph Herlihy (May 8, 1930 – February 21, 1991) was an American historian who served as the president of the American Historical Association. He wrote on medieval and renaissance life, and was married to fellow historian Patricia Herlihy. His study of the Florentine and Pistoiese Catasto of 1427 is one of the first statistical surveys to use computers to analyze large amounts of data. The resulting book examines statistical patterns in tax-collecting surveys to find indications of social trends.
The University of San Francisco history department named their annual award for the best student-written history paper the David Herlihy Prize, and Brown University has established a David Herlihy University Professorship.
Life
David Joseph Herlihy was born the youngest of four in San Francisco in 1930 to Irishman Maurice Herlihy, of County Kerry, and Irish American Irene O'Connor. His parents had eloped in Los Gatos in California. He was a member of the school debating team and met his wife-to-be Patricia McGahey at a match as a sophomore.
At college, he published his first article in the journal of the American Catholic Historical Society of Philadelphia; it was about Peter Yorke and the American Protective Association. He got his bachelor's degree with all As in three years from the University of San Francisco. Herb Caen reported this achievement at the time. He studied Byzantine history at the Catholic University of America. He received his master's degree in 1953. He went on to undertake a fellowship at Yale, where he worked on the Middle Ages in Italy with Robert Lopez, and obtained his Ph.D. in 1956.
He had his first son, Maurice, before bringing his young family to Pisa for a year between 1954 and 1955 (courtesy of the Fulbright Program). Bryn Mawr hired him in 1955; he was to work there for the next nine years. In the meanwhile, he wrote a dissertation on Pisa, for which Yale awarded him a doctoral degree in 1956. This effort was the groundwork for his first book, published by Yale in 1958, Pisa in the Early Renaissance. The Guggenheim sent him to Florence for a year between 1961 and 1962. His wife was also in Florence that year, with a grant of her own from the Fulbright Association. The city flooded during their stay.
From 1964 to 1972, he was on the faculty of the University of Wisconsin and earned tenure there. Herlihy's next trip to Florence was 1966–1967, as fellow of the American Council of Learned Societies. He produced his second book (on Pistoia) shortly after. He was a member of both the American Philosophical Society and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
Herlihy died at age 60 at his home in Providence, Rhode Island, on February 21, 1991.
Bibliography
Pisa In The Early Renaissance; A Study Of Urban Growth, 1958
Medieval And Renaissance Pistoia; The Social History Of An Italian Town, 1200–1430, 1967
Medieval Culture and Society, 1968 (compiler)
The History of Feudalism, 1970 (compiler)
Women in Medieval Society, 1971
The Social History Of Italy And Western Europe, 700–1500, 1978
Les Toscans Et Leurs Familles : Une étude Du "Catasto" Florentin De 1427, 1979 (with Christiane Klapisch-Zuber)
Cities And Society In Medieval Italy, 1980
Medieval Households, 1985
Tuscans and their Families, 1985
Opera Muliebria : Women And Work In Medieval Europe, 1990
The Black Death and the Transformation of the West, 1997 (posthumous, edited by Samuel Cohn)
References
External links
1930 births
1991 deaths
University of San Francisco alumni
Yale University alumni
Bryn Mawr College faculty
University of Wisconsin–Madison faculty
Harvard University faculty
Brown University faculty
Presidents of the American Historical Association
20th-century American historians
American male non-fiction writers
Fellows of the Medieval Academy of America
20th-century American male writers
Members of the American Philosophical Society | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Herlihy |
Victoria Prison, was the first and longest-running prison to date in Hong Kong. It is located on Old Bailey Street in Central, Hong Kong Island. Named in honour of Queen Victoria, it was originally known as Victoria Gaol and was renamed into Victoria Prison in 1899. Victoria Prison has been redeveloped into a cultural and shopping destination generally called Tai Kwun (). Tai Kwun is composed of three declared monuments: the former Central Police Station, former Central Magistracy and Victoria Prison.
History
The prison was completed on 4 August 1842. It was originally known as the Victoria Gaol and is said to be the first western building constructed of durable material in Hong Kong. The prison still retains the facade of Victorian architecture, having been built mostly of granite and brick.
Ho Chi Minh, the Vietnamese revolutionary, was imprisoned there from 1931 to 1933.
During World War II, the prison was occupied by the Japanese and most of its buildings were damaged by bombing. The prison was re-opened for use in 1946 after restoration. When Hong Kong was later declared a port of first asylum for Vietnamese refugees, Victoria Prison became a transit and repatriation centre. It was subsequently developed into an institution with modern management facilities for accommodating discharged inmates of both sexes prior to repatriation or deportation. The prison buildings were declared monuments on 8 September 1995, together with the adjacent former Central Police Station and the former Central Magistracy. It was officially decommissioned on 12 March 2006. It has recently finished renovation and in 2018 Victoria Prison was reopened as The Tai Kwun Center for Heritage and Arts.
Preservation Guidelines
The completion dates of different parts of the old Central Police Station, the former Central Magistracy and Victoria Prison compound are listed below:
Preservation of F Hall
Reasons for preserving F Hall (as submitted by the Central and Western District Council
In the early 20th century, a series of changes happened in Victoria Prison. The existing F Hall, representing the door to the interior of the prison, was completed in 1913. It was used as a printing factory for prisoners to work and acquire skills. In 1931, F Hall was rebuilt as a two-storey building and a "weaving area" was added. After the Japanese Army invaded Hong Kong during World War II, many parts of the Prison, including F Hall, were severely damaged. F Hall was rebuilt in 1948 and was re-opened as a Government printing workshop (i.e. the former Printing Department). In 1956, the ground floor of F Hall was converted to an office and reception centre of the prison. The Victoria Prison finally closed down in early 2006.
The Government declared Victoria Prison as a declared monument in September 1995.
In early 2000, the Government planned to develop the Central Police Station and Victoria Prison Compound for cultural and tourism use, and to assign the Tourism Commission, which was responsible for developing the new tourist spots, to co-ordinate the development project. The Government also planned to let private enterprise develop and manage te heritage compound through public tender.
Accompanied by representatives of the Antiquities and Monuments Office (AMO), the Central and Western District Council (C&W DC) visited the heritage compound in April 2003. During the visit, the C&W DC learned that the Antiquities Advisory Board (AAB) had considered the 18 buildings in the heritage compound as historical buildings. However, AAB formally laid down a set of guidelines for developing the heritage compound after a meeting held in June 2004. The guidelines pointed out that only 17 buildings in the compound were considered historical buildings and that F Hall, located behind the entrance to Victoria Prison, was not on the list.
Motions passed by the Central & Western District Council on F Hall
The C&W DC strongly requested that F Hall of Victoria Prison be preserved, and that the future developer of the heritage compound not be given the right to decide whether F Hall should be demolished. The C&W DC also requested the AAB to reconsider the views of the public and the C&W DC. (This motion was passed by the C&W DC at a meeting held on 25 November 2004)
Views of Government on the preservation of F Hall
In a reply to the C&W DC in November 2004, AMO pointed out that the AAB had considered that in comparison with other historical buildings, the cultural value of F Hall was lower, and therefore F Hall should be kept under the category of non-historical buildings. AAB also viewed that the above decision would not affect the overall historical value of the Victoria Prison Compound. This could enhance the flexibility of the future development of the compound, and allow more creative design that was compatible with the historical buildings in the Victoria Prison Compound.
At the C&W DC meeting held on 2 November 2004, Dr. Louis Ng, the former Executive Secretary of the Antiquities and Monuments Office stated that the Government declared the whole heritage compound as declared monuments in 1995. However, the Government did not specify the cultural value and preservation mode of individual buildings in the heritage compound, nor pointed out particularly that F Hall was a historical building. According to the Antiquities and Monuments Ordinance, any demolition works to be carried out in the heritage compound is to be approved by the Antiquities Authority (i.e. the Secretary for Home Affairs). Upon receiving an application for demolition of a building in the heritage compound, the Antiquities Authority will consider the cultural value of relevant buildings and the necessity of the demolition works etc. Doctor Louis Ng has clarified that AAB did not ask for demolition of F Hall, but considered if there was a need to fulfill the design, the Board would consider demolition of F Hall.
Views put forward by the C&W DC on the preservation of F Hall
At a meeting held on 25 November 2004, C&W DC members put forward the following views regarding the preservation of F Hall:
Demolition of F Hall would affect unity of the heritage compound, and therefore the future developer should not be given the right to decide whether F Hall should be demolished.
F Hall represented the entrance of the whole heritage compound. Without this entrance, the heritage compound could not be regarded as a heritage compound.
There was educational value in F Hall. It was a typical prison and was totally different from B Hall and E Hall. If the future developer was given the right to decide whether F Hall should preserved, F Hall would not exist and the history of prisons in Hong Kong would certainly diminish.
It was hoped that the Government would review the preservation of F Hall. The Hong Kong Institute of Architects has indicated that F Hall should not be demolished, and only part of F Hall should be redeveloped. The heritage compound reflected the prison development in Hong Kong. If the future developer was given the right to decide whether F Hall should be preserved, they would certainly pull down the building for redevelopment
Buildings
The prison complex consists of 3 three-storey buildings, 3 two-storey buildings and 3 single-storey buildings. Inside these buildings there are cellular and dormitory accommodations, a special unit, a hospital, a kitchen, dining halls/ dayrooms, a laundry, an exercise yard and an administration block.
The prison had undergone several stages of expansion since its original founding with the major one in 1895 when D Hall complex with its Neo-Georgian architectural style was built. A further stage of major expansion took place in 1914 with the addition of B Hall, C Hall and E Hall to cope with the needs of the time.
The various buildings were constructed as follows:
The overall compound also comprises 7 blocks of the old Central Police Station as follows:
And finally, there is also one former Central Magistracy building built in 1914.
The compound is bordered on the North by Hollywood Road, on the South by Chancery Lane, on the East by Arbuthnot Road and on the West by Old Bailey Street.
2006 Public Opening
Upon its decommission, the "Victoria Prison Decommissioning Open Days" event was organised. The prison was opened to the public on 11, 17 and 18 March 2006 as a charity event to raise funds for the Community Chest of Hong Kong. Each visitor was asked to donate HK$20 to the charity.
Correctional Services department staff volunteers dressed in old staff uniforms helped to provide a glimpse of the changes in attire over the years, when the former Prisons Department was renamed the Correctional Services Department in 1982.
A piece of the equipment for administering corporal punishment, called the "Cat-of-nine tails" (a whip), was also on display.
2007 Public Opening
The Central and Western District Council organised six Open Days in January 2007 under the title of "Journey to the History of Victoria Prison"
Guided tours were led by docents to historical buildings in the heritage compound. There was a "Prison Art Museum" where local artists were given access to several cells that they could decorate or use as a display gallery.
The Open Days were scheduled on 6,7,13,14,20 and 21 January 2007 from 09:30 to 16:00.
In popular culture
Victoria Prison appeared in the 2008 Anthony Horowitz novel Necropolis as Scarlett Adams' and Matthew Freeman's prison when they are captured by the Nightrise corporation.
This prison serves as a main setting for Hong Kong TVB drama series Phoenix Rising.
See also
List of places named for Queen Victoria, for a list of places named after Queen Victoria
Malcolm Struan Tonnochy - Superintendent of Victoria Gaol 1876-1882
References
External links
Antiquities and Monuments Office
- Hong Kong Correctional Services
Hong Kong Disciplined Services Collectibles
British colonial prisons in Asia
Central, Hong Kong
Declared monuments of Hong Kong
Defunct prisons in Hong Kong
2006 disestablishments in China | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria%20Prison |
Stanley Prison (c. January 1937, previously known as Hong Kong Prison at Stanley) is one of the six maximum security facilities in Hong Kong.
History
Built in 1937, Stanley Prison is currently the oldest institution still in service (the oldest prison built in Hong Kong was Victoria Prison, which ceased operation on 24 December 2005) and houses both male adult convicted prisoners and male adult remand prisoners. It was set up by the then Prisons Department, and is now administered by the Correctional Services Department. The maximum capacity of the prison is 1,511 and it has over 800 staff and officers. Stanley Prison, at the time of its construction, was considered to be one of the finest prisons in the British Empire. It was a modern structure built of stone, concrete and steel and consisted of six cell blocks set behind an 18-foot wall. It was originally designed to house 1,500 prisoners.
Before Hong Kong officially abolished the death penalty in 1993, Stanley Prison had been a place of execution between 1946 and 1966. Although the law did not change until 1993, the last execution that was carried out in Stanley Prison was in November 1966. 122 people were executed in Stanley Prison until then, however, this figure does not include the large number of prisoners who were killed by the Japanese during the occupation of Hong Kong in World War II—see below. The area which once housed the gallows has now been replaced with the prison hospital.
Japanese occupation
Hong Kong fell to the invading Japanese on Christmas Day 1941 following a brief but brutal conflict. During the Japanese occupation, the grounds of the prison were used as part of Stanley Internment Camp. It was a place of torture and execution, with Mateen Ansari, who was posthumously awarded the George Cross for his heroism in resisting the Japanese, as one of the most famous victims. During the Japanese invasion of China, refugees crawled across the border to Hong Kong and many became hawkers on the streets. Those who were caught were sent to Stanley Prison and soon the inmate population grew to over 3,000, well over its limits.
Hong Kong Correctional Services Museum
Adjacent to Stanley Prison is the Hong Kong Correctional Services Museum. The museum is housed in a two-storey building next to the parade ground of the Staff Training Institute of the Correctional Services Department in Stanley. It has an area of 480 square metres with a collection of some 600 artefacts.
Notable inmates
Kanao Inouye: Canadian-Japanese collaborator, hanged in 1947.
Naomasa Sakonju: Japanese war criminal, hanged in 1948.
Rurik Jutting: Convicted of the murders of Sumarti Ningsih and Jesse Lorena.
Chan Man-lok and Leung Wai-lun: Convicted of the Hello Kitty murder case.
Tony Wong Chun-loong, a.k.a. Wong Yuk-long
See also
Prisons in Hong Kong
Stanley Mosque
Notes
External links
Stanley Prison
Prisons in Hong Kong
Stanley, Hong Kong
British colonial prisons in Asia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanley%20Prison |
Albert Gilles (1895-1979) was a French coppersmith.
Biography
Albert Louis Gilles was born the 20th of August 1895 in France and his aunt, Palmyre Gilles, introduces him to the art of Repoussé. For him, it rapidly became a passion, and at the age of 12 years old, he creates a lovely jewellery box for his mother.
Pursuing a commercial course by day, he takes art classes in the evening. During the First World War, Albert Gilles is injured in his right hand and he rehabilitates it by milking cows in a farm.
After the war, he resumes his artistic activities and in 1925 and 1926, he participates in and distinguishes himself at the «Salon des artistes décorateurs» in Paris.
In 1927, he emigrated to Canada and, on February 10, landed in Quebec City. In 1929,he founded the « Albert Gilles Studio » (became « Cuivres d'Art Albert Gilles » - « Albert Gilles Copper Art Studio » ). He crosses the border and works in Detroit, then Hollywood and Los Angeles, as a decorator, metal sculptor and sometimes as a silversmith. He also restores in 1937, the damaged gates of Havana's Capitol and decides to go back to Canada.
He starts working for the church and established himself in Quebec as a religious artist. His copper reliefs and enamel murals found their place in the artistic efflorescence that marked the religious art of this period. And in 1942, he was internationally recognized when commissioned by Pope Pius XII, to execute the silver chalice offered to the archdiocese of Montreal.
His “Christorama” exhibit is devoted to the life of Christ. Albert Gilles always considered this collection of 50 silver repoussé low reliefs, his most significant work, his greatest accomplishment and the one of which he was most proud. Started during the 1930s, it took him 15 years to achieve. The idea of the Christorama originated in Detroit in 1932.
Aaron Mendelsohn, of General Motors, commissioned the artist to create an illustrated life of Christ in memory of his late wife. He himself died when only 40 of the reliefs had been finished and Albert Gilles decide to finish them and keep them.
Over the years and into the 1960s, he decorated more than thirty places of worship in Quebec, New Brunswick and Ontario, as well as in the United States and Jamaica. The Basilica of Sainte-Anne-de-Beaupré, the cathedrals of Cornwall (On.), Moncton (NB) and Valleyfield (Que.), a few chapels and many parish churches have one or more of his works.
Albert Gilles died in 1979, and since then, his family continued his work, creating secular and religious pieces.
Gilles famously once said, "I am not an artist, just an artisan."
Achievements
The American years
Gilles emigrated to the United States in early 1929, settling in Detroit. The enthusiasm sparked by the International Exhibition of Modern Decorative
and Industrial Arts in Paris in 1925 certainly helped pave the way for Gilles’ American career as a decorator. He worked for such clients as automotive
magnates Charles Fisher and Aaron Mendelsohn of the Fisher Body Company(later General Motors) and K.T. Keller of Chrysler. In 1933, he moved to
California, putting his talents to work for leading film stars like Fredric March, Mae West and Joan and Constance Bennett. He also helped decorate various
residences, for Sol M. Wurtzel, of the Fox Film Corporation, and for Walt and Roy Oliver Disney, as well as the Los Angeles Times building.
In 1957, two decades after leaving the United States, he made four massive doors in his Château-Richer workshop for the First Congregational
Church of Los Angeles. The church was designated a historic monument in 2002.
Religious art
In 1937, ten years after first landing in Quebec, Gilles returned, settling here permanently. His copper repoussé reliefs and cloisonné enamel murals were
popular additions to the flourishing religious art scene at the time. His reputation as a religious artist and artisan was sealed with an exhibition in 1941 of
50 panels showing the life of Christ, followed in 1942 by a Papal commission to design and produce the chalice and paten for the mass celebrating Montreal's 300th anniversary.
Over the years and into the 1960s, he decorated more than thirty churches in Quebec, New Brunswick and Ontario, as well as in the United States and Jamaica.
The Sainte-Anne-de-Beaupré basilica, cathedrals in Cornwall, Ontario, Moncton, New Brunswick, and Valleyfield, Quebec, several chapels and numerous parish
churches all have one or more of Gilles’ copper, brass or silver repoussé pieces. His relief work also adorns many doors, architectural elements (capitals and
columns), church fittings (altars, railings, pulpits, baptismal fonts and tabernacles), and other ceremonial accessories (Paschal candlesticks and sanctuary lamps). In
other cases, his reliefs depict scenes representing the fourteen stations of the cross or holy figures, and in yet others they are joined to form murals.
Today is tradition is perpetuated by his family.
1895 births
1979 deaths
French coppersmiths
Metalsmiths from Paris | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert%20Gilles |
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