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Joseph M. Bryan Boulevard (often signed as just Bryan Blvd) is a controlled-access corridor connecting Interstate 73 and Interstate 840 with Benjamin Parkway in Greensboro, North Carolina. The road formerly extended westward along Interstate 73 and Cornerstone Drive to connect with North Carolina Highway 68. It also used to serve as the main entrance for Piedmont Triad International Airport until I-73 was designated, and was once named "Airport Parkway". A construction project in 2006 relocated a segment of Bryan Boulevard to make room for the airport's new FedEx hub and third runway.
In May 2017, Bryan Boulevard was closed west of I-840 for construction of the Future I-73 Corridor. Bryan Blvd southwest of I-73 was re-signed as "Cornerstone Drive" and terminates at Regional Road. A portion of the road was also removed.
Bryan Boulevard is designated Secondary Road 2085.
Bryan Boulevard was named after Greensboro resident Joseph McKinley Bryan, an insurance executive and broadcasting pioneer. Bryan sat on executive boards of many different insurance companies like the Greensboro-based Jefferson-Pilot Corporation (now Lincoln National Corporation). In 1934, he became president of WBIG, which was Greensboro's only radio station at the time. Later on, Bryan's company founded WBTV, the first television station in the Carolinas.
This is one of five freeways/expressways in Greensboro to use the "Boulevard" designation; the Greensboro Urban Loop is sometimes known as Painter Boulevard, O'Henry Boulevard carries a stretch of US 29 east of downtown, I-40 (formerly Business I-40) is routed along Fordham Boulevard, Business I-85 is also signed as Preddy Boulevard, and one section of West Gate City Boulevard has an expressway grade. Bryan Boulevard is the only one to be called by name rather than by number by locals.
Exit list
The entire road is in Guilford County. No mile makers are posted and all exits are unnumbered.
See also
Greensboro Urban Loop
Interstate 73
North Carolina Highway System
References
Freeways in North Carolina
Transportation in Greensboro, North Carolina
Interstate 73
Transportation in Guilford County, North Carolina | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bryan%20Boulevard |
Wojciech Krzysztof (Wojtek) Karolak (28 May 1939 – 23 June 2021) was a Hammond B-3 organist who referred to himself as "an American jazz and rhythm and blues musician, born by mistake in Middle Europe". He also played saxophone and piano professionally.
Karolak was born Warsaw, Poland. In 1958, he began performing with the band the 'Jazz Believers' playing alto saxophone. The Jazz Believers consisted of the pianists Andrzej Trzaskowski and Krzysztof Komeda, Trafica Giant, and multi-instrumentalist Jan "Ptaszyn" Wróblewski.
Next, Wojciech Karolak played tenor saxophone in Andrzej Trzaskowski's The Wreckers. In 1961, Karolak switched from saxophone back to piano. In 1962, he formed his own trio and started recording his own music. This trio became the premier jazz band in Poland and backed most Western/American artists visiting Poland, among them Annie Ross, Ray Charles, and Don Ellis, with whom he recorded. In 1963, he started playing with "Ptaszyn" Wróblewski's Polish Jazz Quartet. The same year, Karolak recorded a quinet album with leader Andrzej Kurylewicz (trumpet) and Wróblewski (tenor sax/flute) entitled called Go Right.
In 1965, Karolak left Poland for Sweden where he lived until 1972. He began to play the Hammond organ only in 1967 and, after hearing Chick Corea, took up the Fender Rhodes electric piano in 1970.
He played rock and blues in music clubs in order to, in his own words, "make enough money to buy an apartment and a Hammond B-3", which he eventually bought in 1973. From then on, Karolak spent more time composing and arranging though he did continue to collaborate and perform with others. He performed with violinist Michał Urbaniak jazz-rock group after his return to Poland, and toured Europe during 1973 and 1974, and worked in trios with Zbigniew Namysłowski and Czesław Bartkowski in the same period. While in Western Europe he also played with Red Mitchell, Putte Wickman, Leroy Lowe and others. He then returned to Poland and co-led the group Mainstream and worked as a composer-arranger for the Polish Radio Studio Jazz Orchestra.
In the 1980s, he established, with Tomasz Szukalski and Czeslaw Bartkowski, a "superformation": 'Time Killers'. The resulting recording was voted the best Polish jazz record of the decade.
From the 1990s, Karolak played with the guitarist Jarosław Śmietana (admired by Pat Metheny among others), and recorded three records with him. With Piotr Baron and Zbigniew Lewandowski, Karolak started The High Bred Jazz Trio. He played in numerous concerts with Leszek Cichoński's Guitar Workshop and continued to write, arrange, and perform in Poland and abroad.
Polish President Aleksander Kwaśniewski awarded him the Knight's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta, Poland's second highest civilian honor after the Order of the White Eagle.
Music for films
1981: Filip z konopi – music, conductor
1981: Konopielka – music
1983: Bardzo spokojna wieś – music
1983: Szczęśliwy brzeg – music, performance
1984: Miłość z listy przebojów – music, conductor
1985: Przyłbice i kaptury – music, performance
1991: Niech żyje miłość – performance
References
Feather, Leonard & Gitler, Ira. The Encyclopedia of Jazz Horizon Press 1976
External links
1939 births
2021 deaths
Knights of the Order of Polonia Restituta
Male jazz composers
Male organists
Male pianists
Musicians from Warsaw
Polish jazz musicians
Polish jazz organists
Polish composers
Polish jazz pianists
21st-century male musicians
21st-century organists
21st-century pianists | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech%20Karolak |
AT-16 may refer to:
AT-16 Scallion, the NATO reporting name for the Russian build 9K121 Vikhr laser guided anti-tank missile
Noorduyn AT-16, a Canadian build version of the North American T-6 Texan trainer aircraft
USS Tillamook (AT-16), a United States Navy tug in service from 1914 to 1947 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AT-16 |
Benedikt may refer to:
Benedikt, a spelling of the name Benedict
Benedikt, Benedikt, a settlement in northeastern Slovenia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benedikt |
Monforte may refer to:
Places in Italy
Corleto Monforte, a comune in the province of Salerno
Monforte d'Alba, a comune in the province of Cuneo
Monforte San Giorgio, a comune in the province of Messina, Sicily
A Lazio village near Casalattico, formerly called Mortale but renamed in honour of the Forte family
Places in Portugal
Castelo de Monforte (Chaves), a castle
Monforte da Beira, a parish in Castelo Branco Municipality
Monforte, Portugal, in Portalegre, Alto Alentejo, Alentejo
Places in Spain
Monforte de Lemos, a town or municipality in Lugo Province
Monforte del Cid, a town in the province of Alicante, Valencian Community
Monforte de Moyuela, a town in the province of Teruel, Aragon
Monforte de la Sierra, a town in the province of Salamanca, Castile-León
People
Sara Monforte (born 1980), Spanish footballer
See also
Monfort, a commune in Gers department, France
Montfort (disambiguation) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monforte |
The Municipality of Bloke (; ) is a municipality in Slovenia. Originally a municipality in its own right, it was incorporated into the Municipality of Cerknica in 1955 and it was included in the Municipality of Loška Dolina in 1995, when it split from Cerknica. It was re-established as an independent municipality in 1998.
Etymology
The Municipality of Bloke is named after the karst Bloke Plateau, over which the majority of its 45 settlements are scattered. The name Bloke was first attested in written sources in 1230 as Oblach (and as Oblukch in 1260, Oblakh in 1360, and Obloc in 1581). These early transcriptions indicate that the name was originally *Obloke, probably derived from the prepositional phrase *ob(ь) lǫky or *ob(ь) lǫkaxъ 'next to the flood-meadow(s)'. Less likely theories connect the name to the meanings 'next to rough terrain' or 'arc, arch'.
Settlements
In addition to the municipal seat of Nova Vas, the municipality also includes the following settlements:
Andrejčje
Benete
Bočkovo
Fara
Glina
Godičevo
Gradiško
Hiteno
Hribarjevo
Hudi Vrh
Jeršanovo
Kramplje
Lahovo
Lepi Vrh
Lovranovo
Malni
Metulje
Mramorovo pri Lužarjih
Mramorovo pri Pajkovem
Nemška Vas na Blokah
Ograda
Polšeče
Radlek
Ravne na Blokah
Ravnik
Rožanče
Runarsko
Škrabče
Škufče
Sleme
Štorovo
Strmca
Studenec na Blokah
Studeno na Blokah
Sveta Trojica
Sveti Duh
Topol
Ulaka
Velike Bloke
Veliki Vrh
Volčje
Zakraj
Zales
Zavrh
Notable people
Ivan Čampa, poet and writer (1914, Nemška Vas na Blokah – 1942, Sveti Vid)
Jože Čampa, writer, postal clerk, researcher of rural life (1893, Benete – 1989, Ljubljana)
Anton Drobnič, lawyer, attorney general, president of the New Slovenian Covenant (1928, Bloke – 2018, Ljubljana)
Anton Hren, priest (1901, Verd – 1952, Nova Vas)
Božidar Lavrič, Tito's doctor and Partisan (1899, Nova Vas – 1961, Ljubljana)
Izidor Modic, linguist (1884, Lahovo – 1915, Renče)
Josip Podbregar, railway official and musician (1880, Velike Bloke – 1948)
Jernej Ponikvar, priest (1877, Velike Bloke – 1952, Cleveland)
Ivan Prezelj, general in the Yugoslav Army in the Homeland and the Slovenian National Army (1895, Nova Vas – 1973, Cleveland)
Josip Prezelj, linguist, translator (1894, Nova Vas – 1969, Ljubljana)
Tone Šraj, nom de guerre Aljoša, Partisan (1912–1943)
Ernest Tomec, politician and organizer (1885, Fara, Bloke – 1942, Ljubljana)
Ivan Tomec, astronomer (1880, Fara, Bloke – 1950, Ljubljana)
Louis Tomtz, born Alojz Tomc, priest (1903, Nova Vas – 1989, Cleveland)
Janez Urbas, author of juvenile literature (1882, Volčje – 1903, Vavta Vas)
Milena Usenik, athlete and painter (born 1934, Veliki Vrh)
Iztok Winkler, forestry expert and politician (1939, Nova Vas – 2013)
Miro Zakrajšek, journalist and editor (1921, Studenec na Blokah – 1981, Ljubljana)
Miloš Zidanšek, political agitator, communist, Partisan, and People's Hero of Yugoslavia (1909, Straža na Gori pri Dramljah – 1942, Hribarjevo, Velike Bloke)
Ivan Zidar, mechanical engineer and construction entrepreneur (born 1938, Škrabče)
Gallery
References
External links
Official site of the municipality
Municipality of Bloke on Geopedia
Bloke
1998 establishments in Slovenia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municipality%20of%20Bloke |
Cankova (; , ) is a town in the Prekmurje region of Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Cankova.
Name
Cankova was attested in historical sources as Kaltenprun sive Hydeghuth in 1366 and Hydegkwth in 1499. The Slovenian name is a clipped form of *Cankova ves 'Can(e)k's village', referring to an early person associated with the place. The German name Kaltenbrunn literally means 'cold well', and the Hungarian name Vashidegkút literally means 'cold well in Vas County'.
Church
The parish church in Cankova is dedicated to Saint Joseph and belongs to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Murska Sobota. It was built in 1754 and renovated in 1900. It has a cruciform plan with a western belfry.
Notable people
Notable people that were born or lived in Cankova include:
Ágoston Pável (1886–1946), writer. The house he was born in was renovated in 1998 and houses an exhibition about the writer.
Branko Pintarič (1967–), actor and writer
Antal Stevanecz (1861–1921), teacher and writer
References
External links
Cankova on Geopedia
Populated places in the Municipality of Cankova | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cankova |
Gerard Joseph Neesham (born 11 December 1954) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for the Sydney Swans in the Victorian Football League (VFL) and for the East Fremantle Football Club, Swan Districts Football Club and Claremont Football Club in the West Australian Football League (WAFL).
Hailing from a famous Western Australian sporting family, Neesham enjoyed a very successful football career both as a player and coach, and was recognised for his achievements in 2004 when he was inducted into the West Australian Football Hall of Fame. Since 2000, Neesham has served as chief executive officer of the Clontarf Foundation. His services to indigenous youth and to football were recognized in 2011 when he was awarded the Medal of the Order of Australia as part of the Australia Day Honours List.
Playing career
In the WAFL, Neesham played for East Fremantle in 79 games, Swan Districts in 97 games, and Claremont in 42 games. He also represented Western Australia three times.
Sydney Swans
He won the best and fairest at Swan Districts in 1979 and 1980 which led to him being noticed around the country as a top quality player. This led to Neesham having a brief and unsuccessful stint in the VFL with the Sydney Swans, where he played nine games for one goal in 1982.
He played in the last two of Swan Districts’ hat-trick of premierships in 1983 and 1984, and made it three in a row when he won a flag with East Fremantle in 1985.
Coaching career
Claremont Football Club coach (WAFL) (1987–1994)
Neesham coached 259 games in total, 171 of which were for the Claremont Football Club in the WAFL. He won premierships in 1987 and 1989 as player-coach, and again in 1991 and 1993 as senior coach.
Fremantle Football Club senior coach (AFL) (1995–1998)
In 1995, he was appointed the inaugural senior coach of the Fremantle Football Club in the Australian Football League. While Neesham introduced an attacking and exciting style of game that exhibited flair, he had limited success as a coach, winning only 32 of his 88 games to a winning percentage of 36 percent. Fellow AFL coach David Parkin described Neesham’s gameplan, that encouraged possession and was influenced by Neesham’s water polo background, as before his time.
Neesham's first season as Fremantle Football Club senior coach was their inaugural season in the 1995 season, Neesham led Fremantle to finish thirteenth on the ladder with eight wins and fourteen losses. In the 1996 season, Neesham led Fremantle to finish thirteenth on the ladder with seven wins and fifteen losses. In the 1997 season, Neesham led Fremantle to finish twelve on the ladder with ten wins and twelve losses. In the 1998 season, Fremantle's on-field performance under Neesham dropped when they finished fifteenth in (second-last) position on the ladder with seven wins and fifteen losses.
At the end of the 1998 season, Neesham was sacked as Fremantle Football Club senior coach after Fremantle Football Club chairman Ross Kelly showed him the door. Neesham was replaced by former Geelong player and Sydney assistant coach, Damian Drum as Fremantle Football Club senior coach.
Neesham is a member of the West Australian Football Hall of Fame.
Clontarf Foundation
After leaving the AFL system Neesham became a teacher at Clontarf Aboriginal College and was asked to coach the school’s football team. As an ex-AFL coach, Neesham's presence attracted a number of students and he saw the opportunity to use football as encouragement for the students to remain at school and improve their lives. In 2000 he set up the Clontarf Foundation, which encourages school and football participation amongst indigenous youth in Western Australia. He is the chief executive officer and now runs 119 Academies across Australia, with a total enrolment of approximately 9,000 students.
References
External links
Profile at WA Football Hall of Fame website
Player statistics at WAFL FootyFacts
Clontarf Foundation website
1954 births
Living people
East Fremantle Football Club players
Swan Districts Football Club players
Claremont Football Club players
Sydney Swans players
Fremantle Football Club coaches
Claremont Football Club coaches
Australian rules footballers from Western Australia
West Australian Football Hall of Fame inductees
Australian chief executives | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerard%20Neesham |
Cerkvenjak (, ) is a settlement in the Municipality of Cerkvenjak in northeastern Slovenia. It is the seat of the municipality. It lies in the Slovene Hills () in sub-region called Prlekija. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Drava Statistical Region.
The local parish church is dedicated to Saint Anthony the Hermit and is the seat of the Parish of Sveti Anton v Slovenskih Goricah. It belongs to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Maribor. It was built in 1546 on the site of an earlier building. The actual pastor of Cervenjak is Aleks Kozar.
References
External links
Cerkvenjak on Geopedia
Cerkvenjak municipal site
Populated places in the Municipality of Cerkvenjak | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerkvenjak |
A micro kart is a small, one passenger mini go-kart. These karts typically have two-stroke engines, ranging in size from 22.5 cc to 85 cc, and putting out anywhere from 1.2 hp to over 20 hp, or an electric motor with rechargeable lithium ion batteries.
Types
Lower class micro karts
The lower-end karts weigh anywhere from 37 to 42 pounds and have solid rubber tires of 4.5 to 6 inches diameter.* They typically have engines ranging from 22.5 cc to 45.7 cc in size, but engines up to 61.5 cc can be purchased from aftermarket sources. These karts usually reach speeds from 18 to 30 mph in stock form, and are primarily used by private parties for recreational riding, but are also raced in racing organizations such as the former ISA Scootercross (International Scootercross Association). Two examples of these types of karts are the Bladez Powerkarts and the Go-Ped Go-Quads.
*An exception to these specifications is the Go-Ped Trail Ripper Quad, an off-road kart that weighs 80 pounds and features 11 inch off-road tires.
High power micro karts
The larger class karts have 9" or 10" pneumatic tires and weigh in between 60 and 80 pounds. They typically have motors ranging from 39 cc to 85 cc, and travel in between 30 and 70 mph. These karts are commonly used in racing organizations across the country. An example of this is the BoXer MRB line, which are built to the customer's specifications.
See also
Kart racing
References
External links
International Scootercross Association
Kart models | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micro%20kart |
Črenšovci (; ) is a settlement in the Prekmurje region in northeastern Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Črenšovci. Črnec Creek, a tributary of the Ledava, flows past the settlement.
The parish church in Črenšovci is dedicated to the Holy Cross and belongs to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Murska Sobota. It was built in 1860 on the site of an earlier church originating from the early 14th century.
Notable people
Notable people that were born or lived in Črenšovci include:
Jakab Szabár (1802/3–1863), priest and writer
Vilmos Tkálecz (1894–19??), schoolmaster and politician
References
External links
Črenšovci on Geopedia
Populated places in the Municipality of Črenšovci | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cren%C5%A1ovci |
Sir Charles William Clanan Marr (23 March 1880 – 20 October 1960) was an Australian politician, engineer and soldier. He was a member of cabinet under prime ministers Stanley Bruce and Joseph Lyons, serving as Minister for Home and Territories (1927–1928), Works and Railways (1932), Health (1932–1934), and Repatriation (1932–1934). He was a member of the House of Representatives for over 20 years, representing the New South Wales seat of Parkes (1919–1929, 1931–1943). Prior to entering politics he was an officer with the Australian Imperial Force during World War I, winning the Distinguished Service Order and Military Cross for his service on the Mesopotamian campaign.
Early life and military career
Marr was born on 23 March 1880 in Petersham, New South Wales, the son of Ellen (née Nilson) and James Clanan Marr. His mother was born in Ireland and his father, a bootmaker, was born in Hobart. Marr was educated at Fort Street Model School, Newington College (1895) and Sydney Technical College, graduating as an electrical engineer. He joined the state Postmaster-General's Department and transferred to the federal Postmaster-General's Department in 1901. He married Ethel May Ritchie in September 1905. He took an early interest in radio broadcasting and developed this interest while in military service with the first Australian Imperial Force during World War I in Mesopotamia. He received a Military Cross in 1917 and a Distinguished Service Order in 1918.
Political career
Marr commenced his political career by winning the Nationalist Party endorsement for the seat of Parkes from the incumbent Bruce Smith, and easily won the seat in the 1919 general election.
In October 1927, he urged the Australian parliament not to highlight the past mistreatment of indigenous Australians, in order to preserve the White Australia policy:
In 1929, as an honorary minister in the Bruce–Page government, Marr was sent to represent Australia at the League of Nations. On the journey to Europe he developed a friendship with Amanullah Khan, the recently deposed king of Afghanistan; they conversed in French. He subsequently gave an account of their meetings to an Australian correspondent.
Marr lost the seat of Parkes to Edward McTiernan at the 1929 federal election. However, he regained Parkes at a 1931 by-election when McTiernan resigned to join the High Court of Australia and held the seat until 1943, initially as a Nationalist and later as a member of the United Australia Party. Marr held a number of cabinet posts in the Bruce and Lyons governments, including Home and Territories, Works and Railways, Health and Repatriation.
Personal life
Marr died in the Sydney suburb of Pymble, survived by his wife, two sons and two daughters. He was made a knight of the Royal Victorian Order in 1934 for his role in organising the Australian tour of the Duke of Gloucester.
Notes
Members of the Cabinet of Australia
1880 births
1960 deaths
People educated at Newington College
Members of the Australian House of Representatives for Parkes
Members of the Australian House of Representatives
Nationalist Party of Australia members of the Parliament of Australia
Australian Companions of the Distinguished Service Order
Australian Knights Commander of the Royal Victorian Order
United Australia Party members of the Parliament of Australia
20th-century Australian politicians
Australian Ministers for Health | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles%20Marr |
DZ Bank AG () is the second largest bank in Germany by asset size and the central institution for around 800 cooperative banks and their around 8,500 branch offices. Within the German Cooperative Financial Group, which is one of Germany's largest private sector financial service organizations, DZ Bank functions both as a central institution and as a corporate and investment bank.
DZ Bank is an acronym for Deutsche Zentral-Genossenschaftsbank (literally "German Central Cooperative Bank").
As a holding, the DZ Bank Group defines itself primarily as a service provider for local cooperative banks and their 30 million or so clients. The DZ Bank Group includes: DVB Bank, a transportation finance bank; Bausparkasse Schwäbisch Hall, a building society; DZ HYP (), a provider of commercial real estate finance; DZ Privatbank Gruppe; R+V Versicherung, an insurance company; TeamBank, a provider of consumer finance; Union Investment Group, an asset management company; VR Leasing; and various other specialized institutions.
DZ Bank, headquartered in Frankfurt, Germany, is a member of CIBP, EACB, the Euro Banking Association, and Unico. It maintains branches, subsidiaries and representative offices in key financial centers and economic regions worldwide. The DZ Bank building in Berlin, located at Pariser Platz 3, was designed by architect Frank Gehry.
DZ Bank also has one of the most significant collections of contemporary artistic photography which today comprises over 6,000 works by more than 550 artists.
In 2016 DZ Bank was merged with WGZ Bank, the central institute of the cooperative banks of both the Rheinland (Rhineland) and Westfalen (Westphalia).
Investments
DZ Bank is a shareholder of Canadian oil and gas company TC Energy, which is behind the controversial Coastal GasLink Pipeline slated to be built on unceded Wet'suwet'en Nation territory in Northern British Columbia. DZ Bank increased their stake on 31 March 2020 from 1.22 million to 4.27M shares, an increase of ~250%.
See also
German Cooperative Financial Group
Bundesverband der Deutschen Volksbanken und Raiffeisenbanken
References
External links
Annual Report - DZ BANK Group
Banks based in Frankfurt
Cooperative banks of Germany
Banks under direct supervision of the European Central Bank
Primary dealers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DZ%20Bank |
The Municipality of Dobje (; ) is a municipality in eastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region. The entire municipality has just over 1,000 inhabitants. Its seat is Dobje pri Planini.
Settlements
In addition to the municipal seat of Dobje pri Planini, the municipality also includes the following settlements:
Brezje pri Dobjem
Gorica pri Dobjem
Jezerce pri Dobjem
Lažiše
Presečno
Ravno
Repuš
Škarnice
Slatina pri Dobjem
Suho
Večje Brdo
Završe pri Dobjem
References
External links
Municipality of Dobje on Geopedia
Populated places in the Municipality of Dobje
Dobje | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municipality%20of%20Dobje |
PC Exchange was a utility program for Apple Macintosh computers. It was a control panel for the classic Mac OS that lets the operating system mount FAT file systems and mapped file extensions to the user-defined type and creator codes.
It was first made available in 1992 as a commercial software product from Apple, but in 1993, it was no longer a commercial product on its own, and shipped with System 7 Pro as part of Apple's push to become more compatible with Microsoft Windows. It worked transparently, mounting the disks on the desktop as if they were normal Mac disks, with the exception of the large letters PC on the icon which were visually similar to the IBM logotype. Originally only floppy disks were supported, but later versions added support for hard drives, CD-ROMs and other types of media.
PC Exchange is not used in macOS, which uses a completely different driver architecture to read the FAT file system.
Compatibility layers
Classic Mac OS
Apple Inc. file systems | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PC%20Exchange |
Medical Examination of Young Persons (Sea) Convention, 1921 is an International Labour Organization Convention.
It was established in 1921:
Ratifications
As of 2023, the convention has been ratified by 82 states. Of these, 56 states have subsequently denounced the treaty.
External links
Text.
Ratifications.
Youth rights
International Labour Organization conventions
Treaties concluded in 1921
Treaties entered into force in 1922
Treaties of the People's Socialist Republic of Albania
Treaties of Argentina
Treaties of Azerbaijan
Treaties of Bangladesh
Treaties of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic
Treaties of Belgium
Treaties of Belize
Treaties of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Treaties of Vargas-era Brazil
Treaties of Cameroon
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Treaties of the Republic of China (1912–1949)
Treaties of Colombia
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Treaties of Dominica
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Treaties of the French Third Republic
Treaties of the Weimar Republic
Treaties of Ghana
Treaties of the Second Hellenic Republic
Politics of Grenada
Treaties of Guatemala
Treaties of Guinea
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Treaties of British India
Treaties of the Iraqi Republic (1958–1968)
Treaties of the Irish Free State
Treaties of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)
Treaties of Jamaica
Treaties of the Empire of Japan
Treaties of Kyrgyzstan
Treaties of Kenya
Treaties of Malaysia
Treaties of Mauritius
Treaties of Montenegro
Treaties of Mexico
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Treaties of New Zealand
Treaties of Nicaragua
Treaties of Nigeria
Treaties of the Dominion of Pakistan
Treaties of Panama
Treaties of the Kingdom of Romania
Treaties of Saint Lucia
Treaties of Serbia and Montenegro
Treaties of Yugoslavia
Treaties of Seychelles
Treaties of Sierra Leone
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Treaties of the Dominion of Ceylon
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Treaties of North Macedonia
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Treaties of Tunisia
Treaties of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
Treaties of the United Kingdom
Treaties of Uruguay
Treaties of the Yemen Arab Republic
Admiralty law treaties
Treaties extended to Greenland
Treaties extended to the French Southern and Antarctic Lands
Occupational safety and health treaties
1921 in labor relations | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical%20Examination%20of%20Young%20Persons%20%28Sea%29%20Convention%2C%201921 |
Dobrna (, ) is a settlement in Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Dobrna. It is best known for its spa. It lies north of Celje and east of Velenje in an area that is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region.
Name
The name Dobrna is probably derived from the Slavic nickname *Dobrъ, referring to an early inhabitant of the place, therefore originally meaning 'Dobrъ's village'. Another possibility is derivation from the common noun *dǫbrъ 'deciduous or oak forest', in turn derived from *dǫbъ 'deciduous tree, oak', referring to the local vegetation.
Church
The parish church in the settlement is dedicated to the Assumption of Mary () and belongs to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Celje. It dates to the 16th century with 17th-, 18th-, and 19th-century phases of rebuilding.
Spa
Dobrna is also the site of Terme Dobrna, a spa tracing its history back to 1612. In 1810 and 1811 it was visited by Louis Bonaparte.
References
External links
Dobrna on Geopedia
Populated places in the Municipality of Dobrna
Spa towns in Slovenia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dobrna |
Dobrovnik (; , ) is a village in Slovenia and is the seat of the Municipality of Dobrovnik. It is located in the Prekmurje region. It has a significant Hungarian ethnic community.
Name
Dobrovnik was attested in written sources in 1322 as Dobronok (and as Dobronuk in 1322/35, and as Drobronak and Dabronuk in 1323). The early Slavic form of the name was *Dǫbrovъnikъ, derived from *dǫbrova 'oak woods, deciduous woods'.
History
Early settlement of the area is attested by the discovery of a prehistoric stone chisel and 21 burial mounds south of the village. Excavations of the burial mounds have revealed cremation burials from the 1st and 3rd centuries AD as well as pottery, glass, and metal items.
Dobrovnik was first mentioned in written sources dating to 1270. It was mentioned as a market in 1334 in connection with the Bánffy estates. There were 21 farms in the village in 1381. The market was fortified with trenches and there was also a castle in the 16th century. Dobrovnik was burned in an Ottoman attack in 1502. The continued threat of Ottoman attacks resulted in very slow development of the settlement over the next two centuries.
A parish school was established before 1669, when a visitation report stated that there was a teacher but no pupils in the village. In 1747 the entire village was badly damaged in a fire. Another parish school was reestablished in 1838; instruction took place in the rectory and in private houses until a school building was built in 1856. After the abolition of serfdom in 1848, the large states were broken up and the population grew significantly. A fire station was established in Dobrovnik in 1910.
Unmarked graves
Dobrovnik is the site of five known unmarked graves from the end of the Second World War, each containing the remains of a German soldier killed in April 1945 during the German withdrawal and Red Army advance. The Štihthaber Grave () lies in the woods northeast of the church. The Pap-Hegy Crossroads Grave (), also known as the Popov Breg Grave (), is located in an abandoned gravel pit about north of the church. The Pap-Hegy Göntér Cellar Grave () lies on the edge of a vineyard about north-northeast of the church. The Szent Janos Grave () is located about north-northwest of the church, below a large oak tree near a field above Bukovnica Creek. The Bank Grave () lies in the middle of the settlement, under asphalt paving between a meadow and the former bank (at Dobrovnik no. 298).
Church
A church dedicated to Saint James was mentioned in Dobrovnik in 1334. A second church was built in 1668, and was damaged in the fire of 1747. A new church was built between 1794 and 1796. Like its predecessors, it is dedicated to Saint James and belongs to the Murska Sobota Diocese. The church also has a Calvary shrine created by the painter Lajči Pandur (1913–1973), a cemetery, and a cemetery chapel.
Notable people
Notable people that were born or lived in Dobrovnik include:
Evgen Car (born 1944), theater actor and playwright
Žiga Laci (born 2002), professional football player
References
External links
Dobrovnik on Geopedia
Populated places in the Municipality of Dobrovnik | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dobrovnik |
Alien Dead is an American horror film directed by Fred Olen Ray. Ray co-wrote the script with Martin Nicholas. The film involves a meteor hitting a houseboat, which causes the people on board to become zombies who eat alligators and eventually people.
The film was one of the last films featuring actor Buster Crabbe among a cast of unknowns. It was filmed in 1980 and released to home video in 1985. Reviews from Variety, Kim Newman and other retrospective horror guides have been negative, noting low budget and bad acting.
Plot
A meteor strikes a houseboat in the swamps near a southern town populated by Yankees with fake accents. The people on the houseboat become zombies who feed on the alligators in the swamp. Once they run out of alligators, they start going for the citizens. A local scientist tries to figure out what's happening to people once they start disappearing.
Cast
Buster Crabbe as Sheriff Kowalski
Raymond Roberts as Tom Corman (billed as Ray Roberts)
Linda Lewis as Shawn Michaels
George Kelsey as Emmet Michaels
Mike Bonavia as Miller Haze
Dennis Underwood as Deputy Campbell
John Leinier as Paisley
Rich Vogan as Krelboin
Martin Nicholas as Doc Ellerbee (as Martin Alan Nicholas)
Norman Riggins as Mr. Griffith
Nancy Kranz as Mrs. Griffith
Shelley Youngren as the Angry Wife
Production
Alien Dead was made in Florida in 1980 for $12,000. Buster Crabbe was paid $2,000 for his role in the film,one-third less than his salary for the 1945 Western Prairie Rustlers. The film was initially being filmed as It Fell from the Sky based on a script written by Marin Nicholas and the director, which was originally titled Swamp of the Blood Leeches. When the writers realized they couldn't afford leech costumes, they re-wrote the script into being about human zombies.
Release
According to director Fred Olen Ray, "everything about this no-budget movie was awful." and that the film had "languished about, unsold until 1982" and that by 1991 the film had "released in the United States on no less than five different video labels." The film was released on home video in the United Kingdom by 1983.
The film went direct-to-video in 1985. The film has been released on VHS by both Academy Home Entertainment and Genesis Home Video with an 87-minute running time
Reception
Variety reviewed the VHS release of the film, declaring it "an amateurish monster film.".
Steven Puchalski describes the film a "third rate Night of the Living Dead" with laughable effects, though he calls it "eminently watchable for schlock fanatics". In a negative review, David Johnson of DVD Verdict states that the gore is sparse and the story boring. Kim Newman referred to the film as "cheap" and "unwatchable" and described it as part of a trend of "films made by rabid fans of Famous Monsters of Filmland" who "wind up choking on their own in-references and third-hand plots" and were stuck on "cutesy ideas like giving all the characters the names of Roger Corman 1950s repertory company".
Footnotes
References
External links
American science fiction horror films
1980s horror films
American zombie films
Films directed by Fred Olen Ray
Films set in swamps
1980s English-language films
1980s American films | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alien%20Dead |
Dornava (, ) is a settlement in the Municipality of Dornava in northeastern Slovenia. It is the seat of the municipality. It lies east of Ptuj, on the Pesnica River. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Drava Statistical Region.
The parish church in the settlement is dedicated to Saint Dorothea and belongs to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Maribor. It was built 1519 and rebuilt in the early 18th century.
Dornava is best known for a large Baroque mansion north of the village. It was initially a castle in the 15th century, but after it was destroyed by fire in 1695 it was, it was bought by the Attems family from the Lords of Ptuj and entirely rebuilt around 1730. It is one of the best-preserved examples of a Baroque mansion in Slovenia.
References
External links
Dornava on Geopedia
Populated places in the Municipality of Dornava | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dornava |
For a trade union organization of workers, the Workmen's Compensation (Accidents) Convention, 1925 is an International Labour Organization Convention.
It was established in 1925:
Having decided upon the adoption of certain proposals with regard to workmen's compensation for accidents, ...
Modification
The Convention was subsequently revised in 1964 by Convention C121 - Employment Injury Benefits Convention, 1964.
Ratifications
As of 2013, the convention has been ratified by 74 states. Three states—Chile, Sweden, and Uruguay—have subsequently denounced the convention.
References
External links
Text.
Ratifications.
Workmen's
Occupational safety and health treaties
Treaties concluded in 1925
Treaties entered into force in 1927
Treaties of the People's Republic of Angola
Treaties of Algeria
Treaties of Antigua and Barbuda
Treaties of Argentina
Treaties of Armenia
Treaties of the First Austrian Republic
Treaties of the Bahamas
Treaties of Barbados
Treaties of Belgium
Treaties of Bolivia
Treaties of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Treaties of the Kingdom of Bulgaria
Treaties of Burkina Faso
Treaties of Burundi
Treaties of Cape Verde
Treaties of the Central African Republic
Treaties of Colombia
Treaties of the Comoros
Treaties of Croatia
Treaties of Cuba
Treaties of Czechoslovakia
Treaties of the Czech Republic
Treaties of the Republic of the Congo (Léopoldville)
Treaties of Djibouti
Treaties of the United Arab Republic
Treaties of Finland
Treaties of the French Fourth Republic
Treaties of West Germany
Treaties of the Kingdom of Greece
Treaties of Guinea
Treaties of Guinea-Bissau
Treaties of Haiti
Treaties of the Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946)
Treaties of the Iraqi Republic (1958–1968)
Treaties of Kenya
Treaties of Kyrgyzstan
Treaties of Latvia
Treaties of Lebanon
Treaties of Luxembourg
Treaties of the Federation of Malaya
Treaties of Mali
Treaties of Mauritania
Treaties of Mauritius
Treaties of Mexico
Treaties of Montenegro
Treaties of Morocco
Treaties of the People's Republic of Mozambique
Treaties of Myanmar
Treaties of the Netherlands
Treaties of New Zealand
Treaties of Nicaragua
Treaties of Panama
Treaties of the Philippines
Treaties of the Second Polish Republic
Treaties of the Ditadura Nacional
Treaties of Rwanda
Treaties of Saint Lucia
Treaties of São Tomé and Príncipe
Treaties of Serbia and Montenegro
Treaties of Sierra Leone
Treaties of Slovakia
Treaties of Slovenia
Treaties of the Somali Republic
Treaties of Spain under the Restoration
Treaties of Suriname
Treaties of Tanganyika
Treaties of North Macedonia
Treaties of Tunisia
Treaties of the United Kingdom
Treaties of Uganda
Treaties of Zambia
Treaties of Yugoslavia
Treaties extended to Surinam (Dutch colony)
Treaties extended to Curaçao and Dependencies
Treaties extended to the Belgian Congo
Treaties extended to Ruanda-Urundi
Treaties extended to French Guiana
Treaties extended to Guadeloupe
Treaties extended to Martinique
Treaties extended to Réunion
Treaties extended to the Colony of Barbados
Treaties extended to British Honduras
Treaties extended to Bermuda
Treaties extended to the Colony of North Borneo
Treaties extended to the British Virgin Islands
Treaties extended to British Dominica
Treaties extended to the Falkland Islands
Treaties extended to Gibraltar
Treaties extended to Guernsey
Treaties extended to Jersey
Treaties extended to the Gilbert and Ellice Islands
Treaties extended to the Isle of Man
Treaties extended to Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
Treaties extended to British Saint Lucia
Treaties extended to British Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Treaties extended to the Colony of Sarawak
Treaties extended to the Colony of Sierra Leone
Treaties extended to the British Solomon Islands
Treaties extended to Swaziland (protectorate)
Treaties extended to the Uganda Protectorate
1925 in labor relations | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Workmen%27s%20Compensation%20%28Accidents%29%20Convention%2C%201925 |
The Fremont Solstice Parade is an annual event that occurs each June in Seattle, Washington.
The Parade was founded by Barbara Luecke and Peter Toms in 1989. Luecke and Toms were inspired by the Santa Barbara Summer Solstice Parade and Celebration. The Parade quickly grew to include thousands of participants and tens of thousands of spectators. The event is produced each June by the Fremont Arts Council (FAC), a non-profit organization based in the Fremont neighborhood of Seattle, Washington that supports the arts and artists in and around the city. The Parade kicks off the Fremont Fair, which for many years was a benefit for Solid Ground (originally known as the Fremont Public Association).
The Fremont Solstice Parade is famous for its style and flair, political humor, energetic ensembles, and creative floats. It is also widely known for the body-painted Solstice Cyclists, who kick off the event each year by stripping nude and paint their bodies. The event is a slowly-paced music, dance and character procession where direct crowd interaction is encouraged and ensembles of actors in costume entertain with political and social commentary.
The Fremont Solstice Pageant, a large-scale community play using over a hundred actors, musicians and giant puppets, was performed following the parade from 1997 to 2005 at the end of the parade route at Gas Works Park.
The Parade distinguishes itself from other mainstream parades with the following unusual rules:
No printed words, signage or recognizable logos.
No live animals (except guide animals).
No motorized vehicles (except motorized wheelchairs)
No functional weapons.
The 2022 parade was scheduled for Saturday June 18. The parade was cancelled from 2020-2021, as announced on April 16, 2020 by the Fremont Arts Council coronavirus pandemic.
See also
Arts in Seattle
Bohemianism
Culture jamming
Santa Barbara Summer Solstice Parade
Notes and references
External links
Fremont Arts Council Homepage
Parade Homepage
DIY culture
Clothing-optional events
Summer festivals
Pacific Northwest art
Festivals in Seattle
Culture of Seattle
Solstice Parade
Recurring events established in 1989
1989 establishments in Washington (state)
June events | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fremont%20Solstice%20Parade |
Distinguish from the De Morgan Medal awarded by the London Mathematical Society.
The Morgan Prize (full name Frank and Brennie Morgan Prize for Outstanding Research in Mathematics by an Undergraduate Student) is an annual award given to an undergraduate student in the US, Canada, or Mexico who demonstrates superior mathematics research. The $1,200 award, endowed by Mrs. Frank Morgan of Allentown, Pennsylvania, was founded in 1995. The award is made jointly by the American Mathematical Society, the Mathematical Association of America, and the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics. The Morgan Prize has been described as the highest honor given to an undergraduate in mathematics.
Previous winners
1995
Winner: Kannan Soundararajan (Analytic Number Theory, University of Michigan)
Honorable mention: Kiran Kedlaya (Harvard University)
1996
Winner: Manjul Bhargava (Algebra, Harvard University)
Honorable mention: Lenhard Ng (Harvard University)
1997
Winner: Jade Vinson (Analysis and Geometry, Washington University in St. Louis)
Honorable mention: Vikaas S. Sohal (Harvard University)
1998
Winner: Daniel Biss (Combinatorial Group Theory and Topology, Harvard University)
Honorable mention: Aaron F. Archer (Harvey Mudd College)
1999
Winner: Sean McLaughlin (Proof of the Dodecahedral Conjecture, University of Michigan)
Honorable mention: Samit Dasgupta (Harvard University)
2000
Winner: Jacob Lurie (Lie Algebras, Harvard University)
Honorable mention: Wai Ling Yee (University of Waterloo)
2001
Winner: Ciprian Manolescu (Floer Homology, Harvard University)
Honorable mention: Michael Levin (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
2002
Winner: Joshua Greene (Proof of the Kneser conjecture, Harvey Mudd College)
Honorable mention: None
2003
Winner: Melanie Wood (Belyi-extending maps and P-orderings, Duke University)
Honorable mention: Karen Yeats (University of Waterloo)
2004
Winner: Reid W. Barton (Packing Densities of Patterns, Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
Honorable mention: Po-Shen Loh (California Institute of Technology)
2005
Winner: Jacob Fox (Ramsey theory and graph theory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
Honorable mention: None
2007
Winner: Daniel Kane (Number Theory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
Honorable mention: None
2008
Winner: Nathan Kaplan (Algebraic number theory, Princeton University)
Honorable mention: None
2009
Winner: Aaron Pixton (Algebraic topology and number theory, Princeton University)
Honorable mention: Andrei Negut (Algebraic cobordism theory and dynamical systems, Princeton University)
2010
Winner: Scott Duke Kominers (Number theory, computational geometry, and mathematical economics, Harvard University)
Honorable mention: Maria Monks (Combinatorics and number theory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
2011
Winner: Maria Monks (Combinatorics and number theory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
Honorable mention: Michael Viscardi (Algebraic geometry, Harvard University), Yufei Zhao (Combinatorics and number theory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
2012
Winner: John Pardon (Solving Gromov's problem on distortion of knots, Princeton University)
Honorable mention: Hannah Alpert (Combinatorics, University of Chicago), Elina Robeva (Algebraic geometry, Stanford University)
2013
Winner: Fan Wei (Analysis and combinatorics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
Honorable mention: Dhruv Ranganathan (Toric Gromov–Witten theory, Harvey Mudd College), Jonathan Schneider (Combinatorics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
2014
Winner: Eric Larson (Algebraic geometry and number theory, Harvard University)
Honorable mention: None
2015
Winner: Levent Alpoge (Number theory, probability theory, and combinatorics, Harvard University)
Honorable mention: Akhil Mathew (Algebraic topology, algebraic geometry, and category theory, Harvard University)
2016
Winner: Amol Aggarwal (Combinatorics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
Honorable mention: Evan O'Dorney (Number Theory, algebra, and combinatorics, Harvard University)
2017
Winner: David H. Yang (Algebraic geometry and geometric representation theory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
Honorable mention: Aaron Landesman (Algebraic geometry, number theory, combinatorics, Harvard University)
2018
Winner: Ashvin Swaminathan (Algebraic geometry, number theory, and combinatorics, Harvard University)
Honorable mention: Greg Yang (Homological theory of functions, Harvard University)
2019
Winner: Ravi Jagadeesan (Algebraic geometry, mathematical economics, statistical theory, number theory, and combinatorics, Harvard University)
Honorable mention: Evan Chen (Number theory, Combinatorics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology), Huy Tuan Pham (Additive Combinatorics, Stanford University)
2020
Winner: Nina Zubrilina (Mathematical analysis and analytic number theory, Stanford University)
Honorable mention: Mehtaab Sawhney (Combinatorics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology), Cynthia Stoner (Combinatorics, Harvard University), Ashwin Sah (Combinatorics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology), Murilo Corato Zanarella (Princeton University)
2021
Winner: Ashwin Sah (Combinatorics, discrete geometry, and probability, Massachusetts Institute of Technology), Mehtaab Sawhney (Combinatorics, discrete geometry, and probability, Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
Honorable mention: Noah Kravitz (Yale University)
2022
Winner: Travis Dillon (Number theory, combinatorics, discrete geometry, and symbolic dynamics, Lawrence University)
Honorable mention: Sophie Kriz (University of Michigan), Alex Cohen (Yale University)
2023
Winner: Letong (Carina) Hong (Number theory, combinatorics, and probability, Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
Honorable mention: Sophie Kriz (University of Michigan), Egor Lappo (Stanford University)
See also
List of mathematics awards
LeRoy Apker Award, an award for outstanding undergraduate (experimental) physics
References
External links
Frank and Brennie Morgan Prize at the American Mathematical Society
List of Morgan Prize Recipients at the Mathematical Association of America
A brief overview of the career paths of the Morgan Prize winners as of 2015.
Awards of the American Mathematical Society
Awards established in 1995
Student awards
Awards of the Mathematical Association of America
Awards of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
North American awards
1995 establishments in North America | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morgan%20Prize |
Birds in the Bush (also known as The Virgin Fellas and Strike It Rich) is an Australian/British sitcom that was broadcast in 1972.
Plot
The series was set on a remote Australian property run by seven beautiful but naïve young women. When the property is inherited by an English water diviner (Hugh Lloyd) he and his Australian half-brother (Ron Frazer) and an assistant (Kate Fitzpatrick) begin living on the property and attempt to teach the nubile young women the ways of the world.
The series focused on the physical attractiveness of the young women, who all wore skimpy blue smocks and had names like "Abigail", "Lolita", "Tuesday", "Wednesday" and "Buster", along with Carry On-style innuendo.
Cast
Hugh Lloyd as Hugh
Ron Frazer as Ron
Alastair Duncan as Hoffnung
Kate Fitzpatrick as Michelle
Elli Maclure as Abigail
Ann Sidney as Nanny
Susan Lloyd as Lolita
Kate Sheil as Friday
Briony Behets as Tuesday
Nicola Flamer as Caldera as Wednesday
Jenny Hayes as Buster
Production
The series was written and directed by David Croft and was intended primarily for a UK audience. As UK television was by now broadcasting in colour, it meant that Birds in the Bush was also shot in colour, but this necessitated shooting the series on film rather than videotape, as the ATN7 television studios in Australia were yet to be converted to colour.
Reaction
The series began on air in Australia on 3 May 1972 but rated poorly there. Likewise UK ratings were low and the series run was cancelled there before all the episodes had been shown (it ran on BBC1 from 10 July 1972 until 21 August 1972). Just one season of 13 30-minute episodes was produced.
Cast member Kate Sheil, who played one of the naive girls, later said of her participation in the series that "I'm still trying to live that down because a lot of people hated it. We just run around saying these amazing things. I used to watch it for the scenery".
References
External links
Comedy Guide
BBC television sitcoms
David Croft sitcoms
Australian television sitcoms
1970s British sitcoms
1972 British television series debuts
1972 British television series endings
1972 Australian television series debuts
1972 Australian television series endings
English-language television shows
Black-and-white Australian television shows | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birds%20in%20the%20Bush |
Charles William Sandman Jr. (October 23, 1921 – August 26, 1985) was an American Republican Party politician who represented Cape May County in the New Jersey Senate from 1954 to 1966 and represented southern New Jersey in the United States House of Representatives from 1965 to 1975. He ran for the Republican nomination for Governor of New Jersey three times, losing to Wayne Dumont in 1965 and William T. Cahill in 1969, but finally receiving the nomination by defeating incumbent Governor Cahill in 1973. He lost the 1973 general election to Brendan Byrne in a historical landslide.
Biography
Personal
Sandman was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He graduated from Cape May High School, attained a bachelor's degree from Temple University in Philadelphia, and a law degree from Rutgers School of Law–Newark.
Sandman married Marion L. Cooney of Philadelphia and they had six children. Their sons, Robert S. Sandman, Charles W. Sandman III and Richard E. Sandman, followed their father's legal footsteps, establishing a law practice in Cape May Court House, New Jersey.
Sandman had a stroke on August 18, 1985, and died at a hospital in Cape May Court House on August 26, aged 63. At the time of his death, he was a resident of the Erma section of Lower Township, New Jersey, and was interred in Cold Spring Presbyterian Cemetery in Cold Spring, New Jersey.
Career
Sandman served in the United States Army Air Corps as a navigator during World War II, and spent seven months as a prisoner of war in Germany after being shot down.
Before serving in Congress, Sandman was elected to three 4-year terms in the New Jersey Senate, in 1955, 1959, and 1963. He held the post of Majority Leader of that body in 1964 and 1965. In 1966, he ran for Congress while still holding his State Senate seat, which he resigned upon winning the federal office. He was a delegate to the Republican National Conventions in 1956, 1960, 1964 and 1968.
In 1973, Sandman ran for governor as a conservative, defeating moderate incumbent Republican William T. Cahill in the Republican primary election in a victory that "shocked party leaders", according to The New York Times. In the general election, Sandman lost to Democrat Brendan Byrne in a landslide, following the pattern where New Jersey would often elect moderate Republicans to statewide office but consistently reject more conservative Republicans.
Sandman was on the House Judiciary Committee when it considered articles of impeachment against President Richard Nixon. He was the most vitriolic defender of Nixon in the hearings. Notably, he insisted on hearing the specifics of each alleged impeachable offense. After the release of the "smoking gun" transcript, however, Sandman announced he would vote to impeach Nixon when the articles came up before the full House (as did every Republican who opposed impeachment in committee), calling their contents "devastating–impeachable."
In the 1974 Congressional elections, Republicans suffered generally because of the Watergate scandal that had by the time of the election forced Nixon to resign. Despite Sandman's change of heart on impeachment, his reputation was severely tarnished by his performance in the televised hearings. He was soundly defeated by Democrat William J. Hughes, his opponent in 1974, in an election that Sandman described as "not a Republican year" Following his defeat in his reelection bid for Congress, Sandman was approached by Vice President Nelson Rockefeller to join the Ford administration in various capacities including an ambassadorship of his choosing, Sandman declined and instead opted to accept Governor Thomas Kean's invitation to be appointed to the bench of the Superior Court of New Jersey.
Legacy
In 1986 all members of the Lower Township School District school board agreed to rename Lower Township Consolidated School to Charles W. Sandman Consolidated School.
In the 2019 Apple TV+ series, For All Mankind, actor Saul Rubinek played Sandman in a fictional storyline about NASA, Wernher von Braun and other space issues.
References
External links
Charles William Sandman Jr. at The Political Graveyard
1921 births
1985 deaths
20th-century American judges
20th-century American politicians
Burials at Cold Spring Presbyterian Church
Candidates in the 1973 United States elections
Military personnel from New Jersey
Military personnel from Philadelphia
New Jersey state court judges
Republican Party New Jersey state senators
People from Cape May, New Jersey
People from Lower Township, New Jersey
Politicians from Philadelphia
Presidents of the New Jersey Senate
Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from New Jersey
Rutgers School of Law–Newark alumni
Rutgers University alumni
Shot-down aviators
Temple University alumni
United States Army Air Forces pilots of World War II
World War II prisoners of war held by Germany | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles%20W.%20Sandman%20Jr. |
Petco Health and Wellness Company, Inc. is an American pet retailer with corporate offices in San Diego and San Antonio. Petco sells pet food, products, and services, as well as certain types of live small animals.
Founded in 1965 as a mail-order veterinary supply company in California, it grew into a pet food and supplies chain. Acquired by The Spectrum Group, Inc. and the Thomas H. Lee Company in 1988, it went public on the NASDAQ in 1994. It was subsequently bought by Leonard Green & Partners and Texas Pacific Group in 2000. In 2016 Petco was sold to CVC Capital Partners and the Canada Pension Plan Investment Board, who retained control when Petco held its third IPO in January 2021.
As of 2021, the company has approximately 1,500 Petco stores across the United States, Mexico, and Puerto Rico. Stores sell pet food, pet supplies, small animals, and fish. Some stores offer services such as obedience training, dog grooming, pet vaccinations, and veterinary care, while also hosting adoption events. Unleashed by Petco are smaller stores that do not sell live animals. The company also owns the PetCoach app, PetInsuranceQuotes.com, and Vital Care, a subscription service for veterinary care.
The company owns the naming rights to the Petco Park baseball stadium, which is home of the San Diego Padres. Petco had yearly revenues of $4.1 billion in 2020, and was the 107th largest private company in the United States.
History
1965–1993
Petco originated when Walter Evans, a co-owner of a Missouri-based distributor of pet supplies and products called United Pharmacal Company (UPCO), moved to San Diego County, California. In San Diego County in 1965, Evans initially set up a mail-order veterinary supply business with five associates. He became the company's first CEO. Evans opened his first retail store in 1976 in La Mesa, California, selling pet and veterinary supplies. In 1979 the company was rebranded Petco, and the first Petco store opened in Tigard, Oregon a year later.
To compete with supermarkets, Petco focused on premium pet-food brands such as IAMS, Science Diet, and Nutro, which were introduced in the mid-1980s. In 1988 Petco acquired two other West Coast chains, Wellpet, Inc. and The Pet Department, bringing its store number to 130. By 1988, the company had 40 Petco stores, mainly in California. The same year, Petco was acquired by two private-equity firms, The Spectrum Group, Inc. and the Thomas H. Lee Company, and subsequently began acquiring other pet stores.
By 1990 Petco was heavily in debt, and Brian K. Devine of Toys "R" Us was hired to turn the company around as president and CEO. Devine rebranded the acquired WellPet and Pet Department stores Petco, also hiring new leadership and extending the chain's credit. Devine eschewed a big-box discount store model, instead prioritizing premium merchandise such as natural or organic pet food. He also brought in aquariums and fish to increase foot traffic.
Petco introduced Red Ruff the dog and Blue Mews the cat as its logo mascots in 1991, and the following year it adopted the tagline "Where the pets go". In 1992 the company opened its first stores on the East Coast, also opening an East Coast distribution center.
1994–2000s
In 1994 Devine became chairman in addition to president and CEO, a role he held until 2015. Petco went public on the NASDAQ under the stock ticker PETC, in 1994. The initial public offering provided capital for further expansion. From 1990 through 1995, Petco opened between 20 and 50 stores yearly.
By 1995, Petco and PetSmart had established themselves as the largest pet food and supply chains in the United States. The companies featured services such as obedience training, dog grooming, and pet vaccinations, and hosted pet adoption events in their stores. Differentiating itself from PetSmart, however, Petco located its stores in different areas, and limited its store size to avoid the warehouse format, among other differentiating factors.
In 1997 Petco acquired 104 new stores, in large part from purchasing the competing chain PetCare in the Midwest and South. The aggressive growth in 1997 proved costly, and in 1998 Petco accrued $8 million in net losses and its stock value dropped significantly.
In July 1999, Petco invested $66 million in Petopia, a startup e-tailer, for 20% of the company. Petopia.com launched in August 1999. After the collapse of the dot-com bubble, in 2000 Petopia sold most of its assets to Petco. By 2001 Petopia.com redirected to Petco.com, with Petco utilizing Petopia.com's assets to create its own e-commerce site.
In May 2000, Petco agreed to a $600 million leveraged buyout by Leonard Green & Partners (LGP) and TPG Capital (TPG). With LGP and TPG contributing $92.5 million each in equity, their buyout deal closed in October 2000 and Petco was taken off the NASDAQ. LGP and TPG again took Petco public on the NASDAQ in 2002, retaining majority control until 2004.
In 2003, Petco bought the naming rights to San Diego's downtown baseball stadium, making it Petco Park when opened in 2004. Petco committed $60 million to the San Diego Padres for 22 years of naming rights. At the time, it was one of the highest prices paid for naming rights to a baseball park.
James Myers, who had previously been Petco's chief financial officer, became CEO of Petco in March 2004. He had been with Petco since 1990. He was succeeded as CEO in 2017 by Brad Weston, previously company president and chief merchandising officer.
"Think Adoption First" is a company philosophy and program, which encourages pet adoption rather than the purchase of companion animals whenever possible. Petco was criticized for selling large exotic birds in their shops, and in 2005, after pressure from PETA, Petco agreed to stop selling parrots and other large birds. Petco has never sold dogs or cats.
In the wake of reported distribution accounting errors, Petco's stock in mid July 2006 had dropped 50% from a high in January 2005. On July 14, 2006, Petco announced it would again be taken private in a leveraged buyout by LGP and TPG; the deal included the assumption of $120 million of Petco's debt, for a total transaction value of $1.8 billion. The acquisition by LGP and TPG closed in October 2006.
The company stopped selling rabbits in 2008 to cut down on rabbits being surrendered to shelters. After the company stopped selling dog and cat food made in China several years previously, in January 2015, Petco was the first national pet retailer to stop selling dog and cat treats made in China, fulfilling a promise it had made in May 2014.
2010–2020s
In 2011 Petco also opened a satellite headquarters in San Antonio, Texas to supplement its San Diego main office. It also changed its logo and tagline. The company expanded to Puerto Rico, opening a store in San Juan in 2012, and one in Ponce in 2013. Petco, through a joint venture with Grupo Gigante, also opened the first of several stores in Mexico in 2013.
In 2015, Petco acquired Drs. Foster and Smith, at the time the largest online retailer of pet supplies in the US. The purchase of Drs. Foster and Smith gave Petco an entry into the "veterinary prescription medicine" market, while allowing Petco to launch new lines of the brand's pet foods. Petco closed all operations of its Drs. Foster and Smith subsidiary in early 2019, redirecting the e-commerce site to Petco.com and filling prescriptions via Express Scripts. The Drs. Foster and Smith brand LiveAquaria.com was sold to Tropical Fish International in August 2020.
In 2015 Leonard Green & Partners and Texas Pacific Group investigated divesting Petco, and that August, Petco filed for another initial public offering.
When subsequent merger discussions between Petco and PetSmart stalled over antitrust risks, Petco was acquired by CVC Capital Partners and the Canada Pension Plan Investment Board in a deal worth US$4.6 billion in February 2016, with Petco withdrawing its IPO plans.
In August 2018, a partnership was signed with Canadian Tire to begin selling Petco's private label brands of pet food and accessories at its 500 Canadian stores, bringing Petco to the Canadian market. In November 2018, Petco announced that it would stop selling pet food and treats containing artificial colors, flavors, and preservatives, banning certain artificial ingredients. In 2020, Petco ended the sale of shock collars in its stores.
Petco had yearly revenues of $4.1 billion in 2020, and was the 107th largest private company in the United States. The company once again changed its logo and tagline in October 2020.
2021-present
In January 2021, Petco held its third IPO, with the intent of using the proceeds to pay down debt. In conjunction with the listing, the company changed its corporate name from Petco Animal Supplies, Inc. to Petco Health and Wellness Company, Inc. That same month, the company began trading again on the NASDAQ under a new symbol, WOOF. The IPO raised $864 million, and CVC Capital Partners and Canada Pension Plan Investment Board retained control as majority owners.
In April 2021, Petco removed 32 traditional rawhide products, to be replaced with products that were "more easily digestible" for dogs. Also that month, Petco announced that half of all its products would be "sustainable" by the end of 2025.
In October 2023, CreditRiskMonitor reported that Petco was nearing a potential Chapter 11 bankruptcy filing.
Products and services
Petco stores sell products such as pet food, pet supplies, small animals, and fish. Petco also owns and operates PetCoach, a web service and app that provides pet advice. It owns PetInsuranceQuotes.com, a pet insurance comparison website. The company offers services and hosts adoption events; some stores offer obedience training, dog grooming, pet vaccinations, and veterinary care.
As of 2022, Petco's website lists some of the following brands: Hill's Science Diet, Instinct Pet Food, Royal Canin, Blue Buffalo Cat & Dog Food, Merrick, and Orijen among others. In 2018, Petco partnered with JustFoodForDogs, which produces "human-grade" pet food.
In 2022, while Petco's website listed services including dog grooming and dog training, veterinary services, adoptions, a self-serve dog wash, and pet insurance, in-home training was unavailable due to the coronavirus pandemic. Petco owns PupBox, a monthly delivery service.
Petco's subscription service offers vet visits for cats and dogs at its veterinary clinics, and nail trims and teeth cleanings for dogs. Launched in 1997, Petco operates a loyalty card program.
Staff and facilities
In June 2018, Ron Coughlin, a veteran Hewlett-Packard and PepsiCo executive, took over as CEO. Ron Coughlin serves as chairman of the board. Mike Nuzzo serves as CFO and COO.
The company has approximately 1,500 Petco stores across the United States, Mexico, and Puerto Rico. As of November 23, 2020, Petco had 27,000 employees and was headquartered in San Diego, California.
Of Petco's stores, 105 contain in-store veterinary clinics. In 2022, Petco also operated 65 Unleashed by Petco stores in nine states. The Unleashed stores mainly sell natural dog and cat foods and do not carry live animals. The smaller Unleashed stores are intended to create a community feeling, hosting pet parties and offering services such as adoption events, dog training, and vaccinations. They also sell high-end goods and toys made in the United States.
Legal issues
In June 2010, prosecutors from Marin, Los Angeles, San Diego, San Mateo, and Santa Barbara counties announced that Petco had agreed to settle a $1.75 million consumer protection lawsuit, without admitting liability. The settlement stems from a lawsuit filed in San Diego Superior Court that alleges Petco overcharged its customers and improperly cared for some animals, following inspections of Petco stores throughout California from 2005 through 2008. Petco paid more than $850,000 to resolve a similar case in 2004.
In September 2011, a Petco location in Johnson City, New York came under fire when nearly 100 animals drowned during a flood caused by Tropical Storm Lee. Despite severe weather warnings and flood advisories for the nearby river in the days prior, including from the National Weather Service (as stated by the Johnson City police), Petco initially claimed it had not received warnings, and that the casualties were caused by a backup in the store's drain/sewage line, not by the flooding that submerged the store in four feet of water. Johnson City Mayor Dennis Hannon called Petco's initial claims "absurd", and stated that "for them not to go down there is just absolutely disgusting", alluding to the sewer/drain line backup being only a small part of the problem. On September 12, 2011, Petco issued a statement accepting full responsibility for the event, saying that they "misjudged" the risk of a flood. PETA called for a criminal investigation against Petco.
In 2013, a 10-year-old boy died when he contracted rat-bite fever from his pet rat and his family filed a lawsuit against Petco, but the jury found Petco not negligent or liable.
Petco Love
Petco Love, formerly The Petco Foundation, was created in 1999 to help promote and improve the welfare of companion animals, and spends more than $30 million to support this cause annually. An independent nonprofit organization, Petco Love works with local animal welfare groups across the country to host in-store adoption events and helps find homes for companion animals. The foundation also supports spay and neuter efforts, animal assistant therapy programs, and education about the humane treatment of animals.
On January 24, 2019, Petco Love partnered with Skechers, which pledged to donate a portion of its Bobs from Skechers charity's proceeds to the foundation. On April 15, 2019, it was announced that the foundation had donated $500,000 to the Animal Services department of El Paso, Texas to create an exhibit of adoptable domestic cats at the El Paso Zoo. In 2021, Petco debuted its "Love Lost facial recognition program", which uses a database to help locate missing dogs in the shelter system.
See also
List of companies headquartered in San Diego
List of superstores
List of California companies
Hamster racing
References
External links
1965 establishments in California
2000 mergers and acquisitions
2005 mergers and acquisitions
2015 mergers and acquisitions
2021 initial public offerings
American companies established in 1965
Companies based in San Diego
Companies listed on the Nasdaq
CPP Investment Board companies
CVC Capital Partners companies
Online retailers of the United States
Pet stores
Pets in the United States
Retail companies established in 1965 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petco |
The Municipality of Duplek (; ) is a small municipality in northeastern Slovenia. Its seat is Spodnji Duplek. The municipality lies on the left bank of the Drava River on the northwestern edge of the Slovene Hills (), about 10 km southeast of Maribor. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included in the Drava Statistical Region.
Settlements
In addition to the municipal seat of Spodnji Duplek, the municipality also includes the following settlements:
Ciglence
Dvorjane
Jablance
Spodnja Korena
Vurberk
Zgornja Korena
Zgornji Duplek
Žikarce
Zimica
References
External links
Municipality of Duplek on Geopedia
Duplek municipal site
Duplek | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municipality%20of%20Duplek |
Paul Arcand (born May 12, 1960) is a Canadian radio host, journalist and film producer. He has been a popular francophone radio host for many years. His latest film is "Québec sur ordonnance" a documentary filmed with a point of view, on the subject of Quebecers taking ever more prescribed medication. Quebec has public health care, financed by the government.
Arcand was born in Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec. He began his career with CKBS in St. Hyacinthe in 1978 as a journalist. He was hired by Montreal station CKVL in 1980, and moved to the old CJMS the following year. He would become news director of CJMS and the Radiomutuel network in 1985, and in addition became the PM drive show host in 1988.
He made his debut as morning man in 1990. When CJMS was closed as part of the Télémédia/Radiomutuel merger in 1994, he moved to CKAC.
In 2000, he was hired by the TVA television network for a weekly show consisting of a half-an-hour interview. The program, simply titled "Arcand", achieved great popularity and lasted until April 2005.
Arcand announced his departure from CKAC in October 2003, and announced he was joining CKOO-FM (now CHMP-FM) a few weeks later as part of that station's new news/talk format, but due to legal requirements he was forced to remain on CKAC until the end of the Spring 2004 BBM ratings period.
While Arcand is promoted, and largely viewed, as one who "asks real questions" ("celui qui pose les vraies questions"), he is not particularly controversial, and his politics are generally close to the centre of the political spectrum.
He produced in 2005 a documentary called Thieves of Innocence (Les Voleurs d'enfance), which dealt with child abuse in Quebec.
References
1960 births
Film producers from Quebec
Canadian radio hosts
Journalists from Montreal
Living people
People from Saint-Hyacinthe
French Quebecers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul%20Arcand |
Dalat is the administrative town of the Dalat district in Mukah Division, Sarawak, Malaysia. It is situated by the Oya river.
Etymology
According to Heidi Munan's book "How Dalat Got Its Name", Dalat was named following a bloodshed among three brothers as the village chief did not name a successor. Many people died in the war. Corpses lying in the village attracted flies. "Dalat" means fly in the Melanau language, and therefore, the locals named the village Dalat, which is now a small town.
History
Government
Dalat is represented at the State Legislative Assembly by Dato' Sri Hajah Fatimah Abdullah from Gabungan Parti Sarawak. She won the seat in the 19th State Election 2021 for the fifth time. For Parliament, Dalat district is under Parliament 213: Mukah.
Geography
Similar to most areas in the Rajang Delta, Dalat town and its land district is located on peat land that is categorized as deep peat (more than 150 cm).
Climate
Dalat has a tropical rainforest climate (Af) with heavy to very heavy rainfall year-round.
Demographics
According to the 2010 National Census, Dalat townland has a population of 619.
Most of the people use Melanau language to communicate here. There is a slight difference of the language between each villages, yet they can understand each other very well. Other languages such as Malay, Sarawak Malay, Iban, Mandarin, Hokkien and English are also widely spoken.
Main religions practised in Dalat are Islam, Christianity (Roman Catholic, Methodist and SIB), Buddhism, and Malaysian Chinese religion.
Economy
Dalat is reputed to be the largest sago flour producer in the world. The district has four modern sago factories with a total output of more than 74 tonnes per day.
The importance of the sago palm tree is evident in the district tagline.
Transport
Road
Dalat is connected by a single-carriage road to Mukah. There are daily express bus services connecting Dalat and Miri via Bintulu and Mukah. In around 2010, a bridge named Jambatan Temenggong Mat Win was built at Oya River to connect Sungai Kut road and Kampung Kekan Road. This bridge help the local from Kampung Sungai Kut Muara, Kampung Kekan and Kampung Baru to reach Pekan Dalat easier and a lot more fuel and time saving.
Air
The nearest airport is Mukah Airport. The locals however prefer to use either Bintulu Airport or Sibu Airport to fly to Kuala Lumpur particularly.
Water
River transportation is still very vital in Dalat. There are speed boats connecting Dalat and Sibu with a fee of MYR 35. The journey takes approximately 2 hours.
Transport
Bus Express
Other utilities
Education
Dalat town has four secondary schools namely SMK Dalat, SMK Oya, SMK Batang Igan and SMK Agama Igan. In the town proper, there are nine primary schools namely SJK (C) Chin Hua, SK Saint Bernard, SK Kampung Sungai Ud, SK Kampung Tanam, SK Kampung Medong, SK Kampung Sg Kut Tengah, SK Saint Kevin, SJK (C) Poi Yuk, SK Kampung Kebuaw.
In January 2018, Centre Of Technical Excellence Sarawak (CENTEXS) Temporary Campus was officially launched by Dato Sri Fatimah Abdullah offering Textile & Hospitality courses for the first intake. She also announced the plan to build a new CENTEXS campus costing RM 50 million will be built near Dalat Welfare Complex.
Healthcare
The town is served by an eight-bedded public hospital, Dalat Hospital. Despite having the fewest beds among 22 public hospitals in Sarawak, it is equipped with facilities such as X-ray laboratory and a dialysis centre.
Since there is a good system of transportation, any needs which Dalat Hospital could not handle would be referred to Mukah Hospital or even Sibu Hospital.
Others
Dalat town also has a post office, district office, a hospital, a stadium (Stadium Perpaduan Dalat), a few blocks of shop-houses, a Catholic church (St. Bernard Church), a Methodist Church, a Chinese temple (age more than a century), a district mosque and a Senior Citizens’ Activity Centre (PAWE). In June 2017, a voluntary fire station was launched. The fire station is an interim measure to respond swiftly to fires as the nearest facility is in Mukah, some 40 minutes’ drive away. In December 2020,'Bazaarnita Fatima' and Phase 2 of Dalat Waterfront were officially opened by the Chief Minister of Sarawak, Datuk Patinggi Abang Abdul Rahman Johari bin Al-Marhum Tun Abang Haji Openg.
There is only one bank in Dalat which is a branch of RHB Bank.
Culture and leisure
The Melanaus are famous for their traditional food such as umai, sago worms and the sago pearls. The importance of sago palm to Melanau culture is celebrated biennially since 2005 in a festival called Karnival Balau Dalat(Balau Dalat Carnival). The festival was included in the 2020 Sarawak tourism calendar. Since 2008, Dalat Regatta (known locally Pesta Besaug Dalat) is held alternately with the Balau Dalat Carnival.
Other major celebrations are Christmas, Hari Raya Aidilfitri, Chinese New Year and Kaul Festival. Kaul Festival is a Melanau annual "cleansing" when traditionally, uninvited spirits and other bad influences were escorted out of the village by a flotilla of boats, and ceremonial offerings of food, cigarettes and betel nut were set on the seraheng (decorated pole). Each village celebrates the festival on different dates prior to the festival in Mukah — touted as the ‘Mother of All Kaul Festivals’ in third week of April.
Associations/ Clubs
The Dalat Melanau Association was registered on 9 September 2010 under Association Act 1966–33 with Registrar Of Societies Number PPM-002-13-09092010. The association aims to encourage Melanau at Dalat district to be more proactive and while helping to promote progress for local Melanau people. The club also aims to protect Melanau Dalat heritage and culture.
Dalat Photography Club - Co-founded by well known freelance photographer Naising Bega who is famous for his artwork. Naising also acts as one of the instructors in this club. The club was registered on 6 November 2012 with ROS PPM014-13-06112012. The club initially known as Melanau Dalat Photography Club which made it early present on Pesta Bersaug Dalat in October 2010. It later renamed to Dalat Photography Club to encourage more people enter the club. The Patron of the club is Dalat state assembly woman Datuk Hajah Fatimah Abdullah @ Ting Sai Ming.
Literature
Heidi Munan's short story 'How Dalat Got Its Name' is published in the book Melanau stories (2005) Utusan Publications. The short story was included in the Malaysian lower secondary school English literature curriculum from 2000 to 2009.
The Kut Canal and Medong Village are also featured in the book Melanau stories (2005), in 'The Story of Kut Canal'.
Notable people
Fatimah Abdullah - State Assembly Representative of Dalat and the current Minister of Women, Early Childhood and Community Wellbeing Development (Sarawak). She was born and raised in Kampung Teh, Dalat.
Albert Bansa - documentary filmmaker, and the FreedomFilmFest (FFF) 2019 grant winner for the film "Pengidup Aku" (My Life).
Fazilla Sylvester Silin - national field hockey and indoor hockey player. She was born in Kampung Medong, Dalat.
Rozie Khan - fashion designer and founder of "Rozie Khan Couture". She is the winner of Best Designer award at the 2018 Borneo Fashion Week.
References
Dalat District
Towns in Sarawak | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalat%2C%20Sarawak |
Gornji Grad (; ) is the largest settlement and the administrative centre of the Municipality of Gornji Grad in Slovenia.
Geography
It is located on the Dreta River, a right tributary of the Savinja, in the southeastern foothills of the Kamnik–Savinja Alps, about east of Celje and north of Ljubljana. Traditionally Gornji Grad belongs to the region of Styria (Lower Styria), it is today included in the Savinja Statistical Region. In the west, the road leads up to the Črnivec sedlo mountain pass and to Kamnik in Upper Carniola.
History
Gornji Grad has a rich history. A fortress (grad) already existed at the site in the early 12th century. In 1140 Patriarch Pellegrinus I of Aquileia founded a Benedictine monastery vested with extended possessions in the vicinity. Temporarily held by the Lords of Žovnek (Sanneck) and of Ptuj (Pettau), Gornji Grad later passed to the Carinthian counts of Heunburg, relatives of Saint Hemma of Gurk, to Count Ulrich V of Pfannberg in 1322 and finally to the Counts of Celje. As part of the Duchy of Styria, the fief upon the death of Count Ulrich II of Celje in 1456 was seized by the Habsburg emperor Frederick III. In 1461 he established the Diocese of Ljubljana and incorporated the abbey as the summer residence of the Ljubljana bishops, however, against the strong resistance by the Benedictine monks. Ten years later the premises were devastated by Ottoman forces, whereafter the Ljubljana bishop Sigmund Lamberg had the monastery dissolved and converted into a diocesan priests' college in 1473.
Mass graves
Gornji Grad is the site of three known mass graves from the Second World War. The Tičjek Mass Grave () is located behind the house at Tičjek no. 20, on the northern edge of the settlement. It contains the remains of seven to nine civilians of various nationalities that were murdered in 1944. The Zabrinov Hill Mass Grave () is located on the slope of Zabrinov Hill () west of Gornji Grad. It contains the remains of 56 Slovene militia members from Ptujska Gora and its vicinity that were murdered by the Partisans in October 1944. The Ravni 1 Mass Grave () is located south of the settlement, south of the LIP Smreka business park. Together with the mass grave in neighboring Dol, it contains the remains of 100 to 200 people executed by the Partisan command of the Fourth Operation Zone in the fall of 1944.
Churches
The Baroque parish church of Gornji Grad is dedicated to Saints Hermagoras and Fortunatus. It is an episcopal church with a dome over its transept and contains 18th-century altar paintings and the tombs of the first bishops of Ljubljana.
A second church, surrounded by the cemetery in the northern part of the settlement, is dedicated to Mary Magdalene. It has a rectangular nave with a bell tower on the south wall and symmetrical side chapels. The polygonal chancel on the north end is walled on three sides. The stonework was created by Andrej Cesar in 1869 and the paintings by Tommaso Fantoni and Matija Koželj in 1870.
Notable people
Benedikt Kuripečič (c.1490–1532), diplomat
References
External links
Gornji Grad on Geopedia
Populated places in the Municipality of Gornji Grad | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gornji%20Grad%2C%20Slovenia |
Gornji Petrovci (; , Prekmurje Slovene: Gornji Petrouvci) is a town in Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Gornji Petrovci.
Churches
There are two churches in Gornji Petrovci. The Roman Catholic parish church is dedicated to the Holy Trinity and is a structure that originated in the late 13th century, but was rebuilt on a number of occasions in the following centuries, preserving certain features from each phase. The relatively short nave is Romanesque, with Baroque internal furnishings. The sanctuary is Late Gothic. The local Lutheran church is a large single-nave building and is one of the largest Lutheran churches in Prekmurje. It was built in 1804 and renovated in 1894.
Notable people
Notable people that were born or lived in Gornji Petrovci include:
Mátyás Godina (1768–1835), Lutheran pastor and writer
János Hüll (1714–1781), dean of the Slovene March
Sándor Mikola (1871–1945), physics teacher and irredentist
References
External links
Gornji Petrovci on Geopedia
Populated places in the Municipality of Gornji Petrovci | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gornji%20Petrovci |
The Municipality of Hajdina (; ) is a small municipality on the right bank of the Drava River near Ptuj in northeastern Slovenia. Its administrative seat is the village of Zgornja Hajdina. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Drava Statistical Region. Sights include relics of the Roman settlement of Poetovio and the parish church of Saint Martin in Zgornja Hajdina.
Settlements
In addition to the municipal seat of Zgornja Hajdina, the municipality also includes the following settlements:
Draženci
Gerečja Vas
Hajdoše
Skorba
Slovenja Vas
Spodnja Hajdina
References
External links
Municipality of Hajdina on Geopedia
Hajdina municipal site
Hajdina
1998 establishments in Slovenia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municipality%20of%20Hajdina |
Islam in Burkina Faso (Upper Volta) has a long and varied history. According to the 2010 census, the population of the country was 63.2% Muslim. The 2019 census notes that 63.8% of the population are Muslim (mainly Sunni).
Although the vast majority of Muslims are Sunni Muslims who follow Maliki school of thought, Shia Islam and Ahmadiyya movement also have some following. A 2009 Pew Forum report estimates that less than 1% of Muslims in Burkina Faso are Shia. The Ahlu Bayt Portal cites several studies ranging from under 1% of the Muslim population, to a 2000 cite from the Imam Husayn Encyclopedia which claims that 9.38% of Burkinese Muslims are Shi'a.
History
Until the end of the 19th century, the Upper Volta was dominated by the Mossi Kingdoms, who are believed to have come from central or eastern Africa sometime in the 11th century. The Mossi initially defended their religious beliefs and social structure against Islamic influences from Muslims from the northwest. In the 15th century the Upper Volta region attracted Muslim merchants and settlements by the opening of the Akan gold fields, and the opportunity to trade in gold, kola nuts, and salt. Some of these merchants were Soninke-speaking peoples from Timbuktu and Djenné who later adopted Malinke dialect and became known as Dyula. They settled in the towns of Bobo-Dyulasso, Kong, Bunduku, and other places leading to the goldfields. Other traders came from Kanem, Bornu, and the Hausa city-states and moved into Gonja, Dagomba, and other parts of the Volta region. Muslims married local women and raised families, which were tied to the Muslim community through the father and to the local pagan community through the mother. The offspring of these marriages often inherited chieftainships and brought about the conversion of local peoples. They organized festivals, offered prayers and divination at local courts, distributed talismans, and participated in anti-witchcraft rituals. As a result, Muslims in the region were not a distinct language group but regarded themselves as part of the Mossi kingdom.
Throughout the region, the Dyula communities maintained a high standard of Muslim education. A Dyula family enterprise based on the lu, a working unit consisting of a father, his sons, and other attached males, could afford to give some of its younger men a Muslim education. Thus there emerged an ulema class known as karamokos, who were educated in Qur'an, tafsir, hadith, and the life of Muhammad. A student read these works with a single teacher over a period varying from five to thirty years, and earned his living as a part-time farmer working on the lands of his teacher. Having completed his studies, a karamoko obtained a turban and an ijazah, his license to teach, and set forth in search of further instruction or to start his own school in a remote village. Certain families provided scholars generation after generation. During the great Senegambian jihad led by Ma Ba (1809–1867) Islam spread in the stateless region of the Upper Volta, the Ivory Coast and Guinea.
French colonial rule was imposed on Upper Volta in 1919, but it was divided among the Ivory Coast, Niger, and French Sudan, and then reconstituted in 1947. French rule was characterized by a promotion of secular elites selected from the indigenous population, but it also aided the peaceful spread of Islam. Colonial administration indirectly favored the spread of Islam by creating peace and order and by stimulating trade. They also tended to regard Muslims as culturally and educationally more advanced than non-Muslim Africans, and appointed Muslim chiefs and clerks as administrators in non-Muslim areas. In Upper Volta at the end of the 19th century there were only some 30,000 Muslims, but by 1959 there were 800,000, approximately 20 percent of the population.
In 1984, Upper Volta was renamed Burkina Faso. After a succession of military coups, a constitutional republic was established in 1991. In Burkina Faso the Arabist and Islamist movement is viewed a counter-culture to the European style of modernity, and also a way of integrating the disparate ethnic groups which make up the Muslim population of the country. Madrasa education, which began just after World War II, now serves half of the Muslim population, though only tiny minorities reach the secondary level. Islam is also strengthened by the construction of mosques, preaching on national television, official recognition of Muslim festivals, and support from the Arab world. Madrasa education appeals to the lower middle classes, excluded from political power, who favor a state based on sharia. The Islamic movements, however, are divided into numerous factions.
See also
Ahmadiyya in Burkina Faso
Shia Islam in Burkina Faso
Religion in Burkina Faso
Freedom of religion in Burkina Faso
Christianity in Burkina Faso
References
Further reading
Ira M. Lapidus, A History of Islamic Societies 2nd Ed. 1988 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam%20in%20Burkina%20Faso |
Hodoš (; or , ) is a village in Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Hodoš. It is part of the Prekmurje region.
Name
Hodoš was first mentioned in written sources in 1331 as de Hudus-feu (and as Hodos in 1452 and 1453). The name is probably based on the hypocorism *Xodošь, from the Slavic personal name *Xodъ. A less likely possibility is that the name is derived from the Hungarian common noun hód 'beaver'.
Mass graves
Hodoš is the site of two known mass graves associated with the Second World War and immediate postwar period. The Cold Valley Mass Grave () is located in the woods northwest of Hodoš, southwest of a small lake, in a ravine known as the Cold Valley (, ). It contains the remains of seven or eight ethnic Hungarians (or possibly German soldiers) that were killed when the Red Army arrived in April 1945. The Barracks Mass Grave () is located north of Hodoš, about from the Hungarian border. It contains the remains of a group of Hungarians that illegally crossed the border in 1945. They were shot and their bodies were thrown into an abandoned well.
Notable people
Notable people that were born or lived in Hodoš include:
Jurij Cipot (1794–1834), religious writer
Rudolf Cipot (1825–1901), religious writer
János Kardos (a.k.a. Janoš Kardoš) (1801–1875), Lutheran priest, teacher, and writer
References
External links
Hodoš on Geopedia
Hodoš municipal site
Populated places in the Municipality of Hodoš | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hodo%C5%A1 |
The Municipality of Horjul (; ) is a municipality in the Inner Carniola region of Slovenia. Its seat is the town of Horjul.
Settlements
In addition to the municipal seat of Horjul, the municipality also includes the following settlements:
Koreno nad Horjulom
Lesno Brdo
Ljubgojna
Podolnica
Samotorica
Vrzdenec
Zaklanec
Žažar
References
External links
Municipality of Horjul on Geopedia
Municipality of Horjul, official website
Horjul
1998 establishments in Slovenia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municipality%20of%20Horjul |
Ig (; formerly Studenec, ) is the largest settlement and the seat of the Municipality of Ig, central Slovenia.
Name
The name Ig was first attested in 1249 as Yge (and as Ighe, Iglem, and Iglom in 1261, Yg in 1262, and Hyco and Hyc in 1299). During the Middle Ages, Ig was a regional name, and the settlement now known as Ig was called Studenec until the beginning of the 19th century. The etymology of the name Ig is unclear. It may be connected with the Slovene common noun igo 'yoke' (in reference to the course of the Iška River), or to the Slovene common noun iva 'goat willow' (through borrowing into and then from German), or it may derive from a pre-Slavic substratum.
History
After the Second World War, a Yugoslav labor camp for political prisoners operated in Ig.
Landmarks
Parish church
The parish church in Ig is dedicated to Saint Martin and belongs to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Ljubljana. It was built in 1780. The painting of Saint Martin in the church is a work by Josip Egartner. A second church, built on Pungrt Hill west of the main settlement, is a 14th-century building, now in ruins. It was dedicated to Saint George.
World Heritage Site
In the vicinity of Ig, the remains of prehistoric pile-dwelling (or stilt house) settlements, since 2011 protected as part of the Prehistoric Pile dwellings around the Alps UNESCO World Heritage Site.
References
External links
Ig on Geopedia
Ig municipal site
Populated places in the Municipality of Ig | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ig%2C%20Ig |
The list of ship launches in 1981 includes a chronological list of all ships launched in 1981.
References
Sources
1981
1981 in transport | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20ship%20launches%20in%201981 |
The Municipality of Križevci (; ) is a municipality in the Prlekija region in eastern Slovenia. It gets its name from the largest settlement and administrative seat of the municipality, Križevci pri Ljutomeru. It is part of the traditional region of Styria and is now included in the Mura Statistical Region.
Settlements
In addition to the municipal seat of Križevci pri Ljutomeru, the municipality also includes the following settlements:
Berkovci
Berkovski Prelogi
Boreci
Bučečovci
Dobrava
Gajševci
Grabe pri Ljutomeru
Iljaševci
Ključarovci pri Ljutomeru
Kokoriči
Logarovci
Lukavci
Stara Nova Vas
Vučja Vas
Zasadi
References
External links
Municipality of Križevci on Geopedia
Križevci municipal site
Krizevci
1998 establishments in Slovenia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municipality%20of%20Kri%C5%BEevci |
Ljubno ob Savinji (; ) is the largest town and the centre of the Municipality of Ljubno on the upper course of the Savinja River in Slovenia. The town is referred to as Ljubno ob Savinji in order to distinguish it from other settlements named Ljubno. Traditionally it belonged to the region of Styria and is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region. The settlement was first mentioned in written documents dating to 1247, and by 1442 it was classified as a market town.
Landmarks
St. Elizabeth's Parish Church
The parish church in the settlement is dedicated to Saint Elizabeth. It was first mentioned in 1308 and rebuilt in the 15th century. It has a rectangular nave, added chapels, a three-sided apse, and a southern belfry. It belongs to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Celje.
References
External links
Ljubno ob Savinji on Geopedia
Populated places in the Municipality of Ljubno | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ljubno%20ob%20Savinji |
The State University of New York Athletic Conference (SUNYAC) is an NCAA Division III athletics conference consisting of schools in the State University of New York system. It was chartered in 1958 as the New York State Intercollegiate Athletic Conference.
History
Chronological timeline
1958 – On September 19, 1958, the SUNYAC was founded as the New York State Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (NYSIAC). Charter members included the New York State College for Teachers at Albany (now the University at Albany), the Brockport State Teachers College (now the State University of New York at Brockport), the State University College for Teachers at Buffalo (now Buffalo State University), Cortland State Teachers College (now the State University of New York at Cortland), the New York State College for Teachers at New Paltz (now the State University of New York at New Paltz), the State University College of Education at Oneonta (now the State University of New York at Oneonta), Oswego State Teachers College (now the State University of New York at Oswego), Plattsburgh State Normal and Training School (now the State University of New York at Plattsburgh) and the New York State College for Teachers at Potsdam (now the State University of New York at Potsdam), effective beginning the 1958-59 academic year.
1959 – Geneseo Normal and Training School (now the State University of New York at Geneseo) and Fredonia State Teachers College (now the State University of New York at Fredonia) joined the SUNYAC, effective in the 1959-60 academic year.
1963 – The NYSIAC has been rebranded as the State University of New York Athletic Conference (SUNYAC), effective in the 1963-64 academic year.
1973 – Harpur College (now Binghamton University) joined the SUNYAC, effective in the 1973–74 academic year.
1978 – The University at Buffalo joined the SUNYAC, effective in the 1978–79 academic year.
1983 – Women's sports became part of the SUNYAC, effective in the 1983–84 academic year.
1988 – SUNY Buffalo left the SUNYAC to join the Division I ranks of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) as an NCAA D-I Independent, effective after the 1987–88 academic year.
1991 – The State University of New York at Utica/Rome (now the State University of New York Polytechnic Institute (SUNY Poly)) joined the SUNYAC, effective in the 1991–92 academic year.
1995 – SUNY Albany left the SUNYAC to join the NCAA Division II ranks as an NCAA D-II Independent, effective after the 1994–95 academic year.
1997 – SUNY Binghamton left the SUNYAC to join the NCAA Division II ranks as an NCAA D-II Independent, effective after the 1996–97 academic year.
2007 – The State University of New York at Morrisville (also known as Morrisville State College) joined the SUNYAC, effective in the 2007–08 academic year.
2008 – SUNYIT left the SUNYAC to join the North East Athletic Conference (NEAC; now known as the United East Conference), effective after the 2007–08 academic year.
2009 – SUNY Morrisville left the SUNYAC to join the NEAC after a tenure of two seasons, effective after the 2008–09 academic year. But the school has since remained in the league as an associate member from 2009–10 on forward for the sports of field hockey and ice hockey.
2023 – SUNY Brockport and SUNY Geneseo both announced that they would become full members of the Empire 8 starting in the 2024-25 season.
2023 – SUNYAC announced that absorbed the NEWHL women's ice hockey league and started to sponsor the sport. 5 full members of SUNYAC were members of the NEWHL and SUNY Canton and SUNY Morrisville became affiliate members of SUNYAC in that sport in the 2023–24 season.
2023 – SUNYAC announced that started to sponsor men's wrestling effective immediately in 2023-24 academic year, absorbing the remnants of the Empire Collegiate Wrestling Conference, 4 full members of SUNYAC sponsors the sport. SUNYAC also welcomed Ithaca, RIT, St. Johns Fisher and Utica as affiliate members in that sport. Also in the same date, SUNYAC announced that SUNY Canton and SUNY Morrisville will join the conference as full members starting in 2024-25.
Member schools
Current members
The SUNYAC currently has ten full members, all are public schools:
Notes
Future full members
Affiliate members
The SUNYAC currently has six affiliate members, all but two are private schools:
Notes
Future affiliate members
Former members
The SUNYAC had five former full members, all were public schools:
Notes
Membership timeline
Buffalo left to join the East Coast Conference while reclassifying to Division I and the Mid-American Conference
Albany and Binghamton left to join the New England Collegiate Conference while reclassifying to Division I and the America East Conference
SUNYIT left to join the North Eastern Athletic Conference
Morrisville State (SUNY Morrisville) left to join the North Eastern Athletic Conference
Conference facilities
Sports
The SUNYAC sponsors intercollegiate athletic competition in the following sports:
Men's sponsored sports by school
Men's varsity sports not sponsored by the SUNYAC
Women's sponsored sports by school
Women's varsity sports not sponsored by the SUNYAC
See also
Hudson Valley Intercollegiate Athletic Conference
Mid Hudson Conference
Yankee Small College Conference
References
External links | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State%20University%20of%20New%20York%20Athletic%20Conference |
Inspector Gadget is a 1999 American superhero comedy film directed by David Kellogg and written by Kerry Ehrin and Zak Penn from a story by Ehrin and Dana Olsen. Loosely based on the 1980s animated television series of the same name, the film stars Matthew Broderick as the title character, Rupert Everett as Dr. Claw, Michelle Trachtenberg as Penny, and Dabney Coleman as Chief Quimby. Three new characters were introduced such as Dr. Brenda Bradford (played by Joely Fisher), Mayor Wilson (played by Cheri Oteri) and the Gadgetmobile (voiced by D. L. Hughley). The film tells the origin story of Inspector Gadget as he attempts to foil an evil plot concocted by the series villain, Dr. Claw. It was filmed in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Baton Rouge, Louisiana; and Los Angeles, California, with the castle-like main tower of Pittsburgh's PPG Place playing a central role.
Produced by Caravan Pictures and DIC Entertainment (which was owned by The Walt Disney Company at the time of production), the film was released theatrically by Walt Disney Pictures on July 23, 1999. It was the last film produced by Caravan Pictures, before the company merged into Spyglass Entertainment. It was also dedicated to the memory of production designer Michael White, who died on January 19, 1999, in Los Angeles during production of the film at the age of 36.
The film had a worldwide gross of $134 million against a $90 million budget, while also receiving negative reviews from critics, who gave some praise towards the acting, but criticized the screenplay, visual effects, editing, humor, and lack of faithfulness to the source material (particularly when Dr. Claw shows his face). It lost the studio approximately $30 million. It was followed by the 2003 direct-to-video sequel Inspector Gadget 2, though only D. L. Hughley reprised his role as the voice of the Gadgetmobile.
Plot
John Brown lives in Riverton, Ohio, with his niece Penny and her pet beagle Brain. Dreaming of becoming a police officer, John works as a security guard for the Bradford robotics laboratory. Artemus Bradford and his daughter Brenda are designing a lifelike robotic foot as part of the Gadget Program, designed to add android officers to the Riverton Police Department. Sanford Scolex, a tycoon, uses a robotic tank to break into the Bradford laboratory and steals the foot to build an army of androids from its technology and assassinating Artemus in the process. John chases after Scolex's limousine in his hatchback, but John's car gets flipped over due to an oil slick from Scolex's limo, and both vehicles crash into a billboard. John is left for dead by getting blown up in his upside down car by Scolex's Dynamite stick disguised as a cigar, but a bowling ball launched by the explosive blast from the destroyed car lands in the limo and crushes Scolex's left hand. Scolex receives a mechanical claw from his associate Kramer, taking on the alias "Claw."
Brenda decides to make John, who nearly died from the fiery car explosion, the first test subject for the Gadget Program. John is transformed into a crimefighting cyborg, with the alias of "Inspector Gadget," who is powered by a control chip. John is given an orientation from Brenda, which goes horribly awry and is also given a lesson from a guru. The lesson ends in failure, however, when John accidentally emasculates the guru. He is helped by the Gadgetmobile, a robotic car with a chatty AI, and, despite initially struggling to use his new gadgets, Gadget manages to stop two criminals who were trying to rob a car.
At a charity ball, Scolex approaches Brenda, having known her at Harvard, inviting her to work for him in her own laboratory. Brenda accepts, unaware that Scolex plans to steal her technological ideas and designs. Unimpressed with Gadget, police chief Quimby assigns him to menial assignments rather than investigate Artemus’ murder. Upset at not being taken seriously, Gadget investigates on his own, finding a piece of scrap metal, which he later connects to Scolex, with help from Penny.
Claw uses Brenda's research to build his own android, "Robo-Gadget," sending him out on a rampage across Riverton to frame the real Gadget. Gadget himself infiltrates Claw's lab to recover the foot but is caught and deactivated when Claw breaks his chip. Claw's minion Sykes dumps Gadget in a junkyard, then is tasked to dispose of the foot. Brenda encounters her own robotic doppelganger, Robo-Brenda, who confirms Claw stole the foot and murdered her father. Brenda, Penny, Brain, and the Gadgetmobile track Gadget to a junkyard. A kiss from Brenda awakens Gadget, proving his will can control his new body, regardless of whether the chip is needed or not.
After dropping Penny and Brain off at home, Gadget and Brenda chase Claw and Robo-Gadget's limo. Gadget and Robo-Gadget fall off the roof and duel on a bridge until Gadget removes the latter's head, tossing it into the river, though Robo-Gadget's body runs off. Brenda crashes the Gadgetmobile into Claw's limo but is taken prisoner. Claw tries to escape in a helicopter, but Gadget appears using his helicopter hat to intercept. Claw destroys it, and Gadget is stuck hanging from the landing skis. Gadget deconstructs a pen that is in his finger (one of his gadgets) and launches the metal ink chamber, sending it bouncing around and making it hit the button on Claw's claw, causing it to clamp shut and break the joystick of the helicopter and send the helicopter out of control. Brenda leaps out of the helicopter onto Gadget's back, but they fall down the side of Scolex's skyscraper, using a parasol to land safely. Claw parachutes down but lands in the Gadgetmobile and is captured by it. The police arrive to arrest Gadget, but Penny appears with a repentant and reformed Sykes, who confesses his boss' crimes to the police. Saluted and acknowledged by Quimby as an actual member of the police force, Gadget departs with Brenda and Penny, the former whom he begins a relationship with, and Claw vows revenge as he is taken away by the cops.
Cast
During the "Minions Anonymous" scene in the credits, the henchmen include Mr. T and Richard Kiel (who is credited as the "Famous Bad Guy with Silver Teeth", in reference to his role of James Bond's enemy Jaws), as well as Richard Lee-Sung as the "Famous Villain with Deadly Hat", Bobby Bell as the "Famous Identifier of Sea Planes", Hank Barrera as the "Famous Native American Sidekick", Jesse Yoshimura as "Bane of the Bumbling, Idiotic Yet Curiously Successful French Detective's Existence", John Kim as "Son Before Second Son", and Keith Morrison as the "Famous Assistant to Dr. Frankensomething".
Production
Development
Universal Pictures at one point had an option on the film rights to the animated television series in 1993. Ivan Reitman signed on to produce with a script by Jeph Loeb and Matthew Weisman. Inspector Gadget moved to Disney when the film studio bought out DIC Entertainment. At one point, Peter and Bobby Farrelly were considered to write and direct. Martin Scorsese was also considered to direct. Disney eventually hired David Kellogg to direct, best known for The Adventures of Seinfeld & Superman TV commercials and the Vanilla Ice film, Cool as Ice (1991). At one point, Steven Spielberg, a fan of the 1980s cartoon, considered being the film's executive producer, but he was too busy with other films such as Saving Private Ryan.
Casting
Cameron Diaz declined the role of Dr. Brenda Bradford in favor of Any Given Sunday. Brendan Fraser was considered for the role of Inspector Gadget, but turned it down on account of working on George of the Jungle, another live-action Disney film based on an animated cartoon. Kevin Kline, Steve Carell, Tom Hanks, Tim Allen, Mike Myers, Jay Mohr, Jerry Seinfeld, Mel Gibson, Dana Carvey, Michael Keaton, Adam Sandler, and Robin Williams were also considered for the role. When Steven Spielberg considered being the film's executive producer, his two choices for the role of Inspector Gadget were Chevy Chase and Steve Martin, while the Farrelly brothers' choice was Jim Carrey. Lindsay Lohan turned down the role of Penny, due to her working on The Parent Trap. Eddie Murphy, David Alan Grier, and Chris Tucker were considered for the role of the Gadgetmobile. Tim Curry, James Earl Jones, Willem Dafoe, Jack Nicholson, John Lithgow, Tommy Lee Jones and Dennis Hopper were considered for the role of Doctor Claw. Louis C.K. auditioned for a role as a police officer.
Filming
Principal photography began on July 22, 1998, and wrapped on October 18.
Post-production
After a test screening, the film was cut to 78 minutes from the original 110-minute version.
The Gadgetmobile
The Gadgetmobile, designed by Brenda Bradford, is a white & chrome 1962 Lincoln Continental convertible instead of a Matra Murena/Toyota Supra hybrid from the cartoon and can't transform from a minivan to a police vehicle and often drives by itself. It has an artificial intelligence with a male persona. Like most anthropomorphic cars, "his" front bumper is his mouth and he has eyes in his headlights. However, unlike those cars, who have two eyes, he has four. He also has a face on a computer screen on the dashboard and a license plate that reads "GADGET". Among other things, he can camouflage himself, has a radar system to track Gadget's location (and other people's as well), can extend his tires upwards, has retractable jail bars in his back seat (for transporting criminals), a vending machine (options on this include Skittles, M&M's, Surge, Sprite, Coca-Cola and McDonald's), police lights hidden in the hood that mechanically move onto the windshield, and a jet engine he keeps in his trunk. His artificial intelligence has a laid-back personality. The Gadgetmobile openly breaks the law constantly (he is a particular fan of backturns), but claims it is okay: "Speed limits are for cars, not the Gadgetmobile". Comedian D. L. Hughley provides his voice.
Music
The soundtrack of the film, composed by John Debney, contains the singles "All Star" by Smash Mouth and "I'll Be Your Everything" by the boy band Youngstown.
Home media
Inspector Gadget was released on VHS and DVD on December 7, 1999, and re-released on DVD on May 27, 2003, by Walt Disney Home Entertainment.
Reception
Box office
Despite negative reviews from critics and fans of the 1980s cartoon series themselves, the film was a moderate box office success with a worldwide gross of $134.4 million worldwide, against a budget of $90 million. It lost the studio approximately $30 million. In its opening weekend, the film grossed $21.9 million, finishing in second at the box office behind The Haunting ($33.4 million). In the United Kingdom, it grossed just over £7 million.
Critical response
On Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 20% based on 63 reviews, with an average rating of 4.10/10. The site's critics consensus states: "Despite an abundance of eyecandy, the film doesn't amount to much". Metacritic reports a weighted average score of 36 out of 100 based on 22 critics, indicating "generally unfavorable reviews". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B" on an A+ to F scale.
Lawrence Van Gelder of The New York Times stated that it "wastes a lot of good talent". In his review for the Chicago Sun-Times, Roger Ebert gave the film one-and-a-half stars out of four and mentioned that fans were angered when Dr. Claw reveals himself in the movie. Ian Freer of Empire magazine gave the film a two out of five stars.
On the other hand, Susan Stark from Detroit News commented that the film was "quick, mischievous, and full of visual trickery," but lacked magic. Bob Graham from the San Francisco Chronicle found the movie to be just as cartoonish and wondrous as Disney's Tarzan.
At the 1999 Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, the film received five nominations: Worst Picture, Worst Director (Kellogg), Most Painfully Unfunny Comedy, Worst Resurrection of a TV Show, and Least "Special" Special Effects.
Expanded franchise
Sequel
Inspector Gadget 2 is a 2003 made-for-video sequel to Inspector Gadget, with French Stewart taking over the title role. It follows Gadget getting a replacement named G2 (Elaine Hendrix) who is a woman-like version of Gadget. Meanwhile, Dr. Claw gets out of prison and plans to steal gold from the United States Treasury, so it is up to Gadget, Penny, Brain and G2 to stop Claw's plans.
The sequel drew more from its source material than the original film and also experienced a slightly improved critical reception, earning a 40% rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 5 reviews. The film was released on March 11, 2003.
Reboot
In May 2015, a new film with a rebooted version of the character was in development, with Dan Lin as producer. In October 2019, Mikey Day and Streeter Seidell were hired to write the film.
References
External links
Inspector Gadget
1999 films
1999 action comedy films
1990s science fiction comedy films
1990s children's films
American films with live action and animation
American action comedy films
American slapstick comedy films
American science fiction comedy films
American detective films
American children's comedy films
American superhero films
Puppet films
Cyborg films
1990s English-language films
Fictional portrayals of the Pittsburgh Bureau of Police
Films about police officers
Films directed by David Kellogg
Films scored by John Debney
Films produced by Roger Birnbaum
Films set in 1999
Films set in Pittsburgh
Films shot in Los Angeles
Films shot in Louisiana
Films shot in Pittsburgh
Live-action films based on animated series
Films with screenplays by Zak Penn
1990s superhero comedy films
Caravan Pictures films
DIC Entertainment films
Walt Disney Pictures films
1990s police comedy films
1990s American films
1990s French films | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inspector%20Gadget%20%28film%29 |
The Municipality of Loški Potok (; ) is a municipality in southern Slovenia. It is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region. The municipal administration is based in the settlement of Hrib–Loški Potok. Traditionally forestry provided the main income for local inhabitants and it still plays an important role.
Name
The name Loški Potok was originally a hydronym, derived from the adjective form of log '(swampy) meadow' + potok 'stream', thus literally meaning 'stream in a (swampy) meadow'. This probably refers to the level area south of Travnik, where there is a creek with the same name. The name was attested in written sources as Laserbach, Loserbach, and Lasserbach in 1763–1787. In the past, the German equivalent of the name was Laserbach. The surrounding Potok Plateau () is also named after Loški potok.
Settlements
In addition to the municipal seat of Hrib–Loški Potok, the municipality also includes the following settlements:
Črni Potok pri Dragi
Draga
Glažuta
Lazec
Mali Log
Novi Kot
Podplanina
Podpreska
Pungert
Retje
Šegova Vas
Srednja Vas pri Dragi
Srednja Vas–Loški Potok
Stari Kot
Trava
Travnik
References
External links
Municipality of Loški Potok on Geopedia
Loški Potok municipal site
Loski Potok
1994 establishments in Slovenia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municipality%20of%20Lo%C5%A1ki%20Potok |
Ricco Rodriguez (born August 19, 1977) is an American semi-retired mixed martial artist currently competing in the heavyweight division. A professional competitor since 1999, he has competed for the UFC, PRIDE Fighting Championships, EliteXC, International Fight League, BAMMA, World Extreme Cagefighting, and Bellator. Ricco is a former UFC Heavyweight Champion, Mundials World Champion and also an ADCC World Champion. He is also the former King of the Cage World Heavyweight Champion.
Early life
Rodriguez was born in San Jose, CA and grew up in the projects in Paterson, New Jersey. Rodriguez wrestled at Tottenville High School while living in Staten Island, New York. He later moved to California and began training in the art of Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu with Rigan and Jean Jacques Machado. He competed and won many Jiu-Jitsu tournaments before moving on to mixed martial arts.
Mixed martial arts career
In 1997, Ricco Rodriguez became one of the small group of Americans to win a Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu World Championship, taking the Blue Belt Absolute title. He took gold in +99 kg in the first ADCC Submission Wrestling World Championship in 1998, bronze in the Absolute (open weight) division in 1999 and Silver in the +99 kg category in 2000. That same year Rodriguez began his MMA career with a win against Rocky Batastini. He won several of his first matches before losing to Bobby Hoffman at the Superbrawl 13 event in Hawaii. He later fought in the PRIDE Fighting Championship before moving on to the Ultimate Fighting Championship.
Ultimate Fighting Championship
Rodriguez's first UFC match was at UFC 32 against future UFC Heavyweight Champion and #1 ranked pound for pound fighter in the world Andrei Arlovski which he won by TKO. He was scheduled to fight Lion’s Den fighter and owner of one of the most vicious knockouts of the time Pete Williams at UFC 33, but the fight was postponed until UFC 34 due to an injury suffered by Williams during training.
Rodriguez went on to beat Williams, Jeff Monson (UFC 35) and Tsuyoshi Kohsaka (UFC 37) to earn a shot for the vacant heavyweight championship against future UFC Hall of Famer Randy Couture at UFC 39 becoming the first person of Puerto Rican descent to win the UFC Heavyweight Championship. Rodriguez was losing on the scorecard in the initial rounds. In the fifth round Rodriguez was able to achieve a ground-and-pound victory with a stoppage by verbal tapout. In his first title defense, he was knocked out by 6'8 up and coming striker Tim Sylvia in the first round, thus losing the belt.
Independent promotions
Following the end of his UFC contract, Rodriguez fought for a number of regional and national promotions. He also gained a significant amount of weight, at one point weighing . On July 22, 2006, in a rematch of their August 2005 bout in the WEC, he avenged a loss to Ron Waterman at WFA: King of the Streets. He fought as a superheavyweight, weighing in at , and was quoted as saying "I'm fat but I still got skills."
Following his win against Imani Lee on November 17, 2006, Rodriguez was put under indefinite suspension by the California State Athletic Commission. The Wrestling Observer Newsletter reported that Rodriguez had tested positive for both marijuana and cocaine and was subsequently given a six-month suspension for the failed drug test.
On July 27, 2007, Ricco Rodriguez, in his first fight after his suspension, defeated Lloyd Marshbanks by first-round TKO at MMA Xtreme 13, which was held in Puebla, Mexico. At the IFL championship finals, he lost to "Big" Ben Rothwell by unanimous decision.
Rodriguez fought in the YAMMA Pit Fighting one-night heavyweight tournament as a late replacement. He defeated George Bush III in the first round by unanimous decision, but was beaten by eventual champion Travis Wiuff in the semi-finals by unanimous decision.
Ricco Rodriguez was scheduled to replace an injured Kevin Randleman in a rematch of their UFC 35 bout against Jeff Monson at the inaugural Godz of War show. That event was canceled, however, and the fight was rescheduled for the inaugural Mixed Fighting Alliance (MFA) event, which Rodriguez lost by unanimous decision.
At the 2009 ADCC qualifiers Rodriguez weighed in at a svelte 218 lb, down well over 100 lb from his peak in the mid-2000s. Rodriguez attributed his weight loss to a renewed focus and partnership with a new nutritional coach and long-time friend, Richard Sicola-Stone.
Rodriguez missed weight for his first attempt at fighting at 205 pounds at the inaugural Israel Fighting Championship event on Nov. 9. He still fought and won his fight over Daniel Tabera, however, and then promptly challenged his friend, Jeff Monson for a rubber match, to a fight at 205 pounds.
Ricco Rodriguez made his BAMMA debut facing The Ultimate Fighter 10 alumni and UFC veteran James McSweeney who was also making his debut for the promotion. Dana White has claimed if Rodriguez wins this bout he will consider resigning him to the UFC. Rodriguez missed weight for the fight, weighing in a full 2 pounds over the contracted 215-pound catchweight.
Ricco made his Bellator debut against the man who first defeated the internet superstar Kimbo Slice, Seth Petruzelli at Bellator 48. He lost the fight via KO (punches) in the first round after getting caught with an overhand right, and ending his 12-fight winning streak.
On April 15, 2013, it was announced that Ricco signed a 3-fight contract for Final Fight Championship. His first fight for the promotion was at FFC05: Rodriguez vs. Simonič event on May 24. 2013, when he fought Slovenian Tomaž Simonič. He won the fight via first round armbar.
On November 9, 2013, he lost to Denis Stojnić on Bosnia Fight Championship event by TKO after an early referee stoppage. Rodriguez immediately stood up and protested the stoppage and left the fight showing the middle finger to the referee. It was announced that they would have a rematch in 2014, also in Sarajevo, however the day after the event, the referee said he was not up to the task and the fight result was changed to NC.
In his next fight, Rodriguez faced Nestoras Batzelas at Final Fight Championship 10 on December 13, 2013. He won the fight via TKO. He then faced Dion Staring for the FFC Heavyweight Championship at Final Fight Championship 17 on December 20, 2014. Despite coming out strong in the opening minute of the first round, Rodriguez would be dropped by a front kick from Staring midway through the first round and subsequently beaten up by ground and pound, and lost the bout via retirement TKO after failing to answer the bell for the third round.
After a series of losses, including a match with former PRIDE star Gilbert Yvel, Rodriguez won the CFS Heavyweight title in Graz, Austria defeating Nandor Guelmino.
Boxing career
Rodriguez made his professional boxing debut on October 12, 2006, beating 19-year-old Cruiserweight Brandon Baker by knockout. On July 8, 2008, Rodriguez fought his second professional boxing bout losing via split decision to Chad Davies, who came into the fight with a 0-1 record.
Bare knuckle boxing
Rodriguez faced Lewis Rumsey at a Bare Knuckle FC event held on June 2, 2018. He won the fight via unanimous decision.
Other appearances
Rodriguez appeared in an episode of the History Channel series Human Weapon, in which he faced Bill Duff in a draw. He also appears in bonus footage of The Smashing Machine: The Life and Times of Extreme Fighter Mark Kerr DVD.
Rodriguez has appeared on season one of the VH1 reality television show Celebrity Rehab with Dr. Drew, which documented his struggle with substance abuse.
Personal life
Rodriguez has a daughter and one son.
Championships and accomplishments
Mixed martial arts
King of the Cage
KOTC Heavyweight Championship (One time)
Ultimate Fighting Championship
UFC Heavyweight Championship (One time)
YAMMA Pit Fighting
YAMMA Heavyweight Tournament Semifinalist
Ultimate Warrior Challenge
UWC Heavyweight Championship (One time)
UWC British Heavyweight Championship (One time)
Cage Fight Series
CFS Heavyweight Championship (One time)
Submission grappling
ADCC
ADCC 1998 Over 99 Division - Gold Medalist
ADCC 1999 Absolute Division - Bronze Medalist
ADCC 2000 Over 99 Division - Silver Medalist
Mixed martial arts record
| Loss
| align=center| 54–27 (1)
| Hatef Moeil
| Decision (unanimous)
| CFS 9: Cage Fight Series 9
|
| align=center|3
| align=center|5:00
| Austria
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 54–26 (1)
| Alex Nicholson
| TKO (submission to punches)
| AFC 24: CamSoda Legends
|
| align=center|1
| align=center|1:27
| Fort Lauderdale, Florida, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 54–25 (1)
| Nandor Guelmino
| Submission (forearm choke)
| Cage Fight Series part 8
|
| align=center|3
| align=center|2:30
| Graz, Austria
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 53–25 (1)
| Gilbert Yvel
| TKO (leg kicks)
| WFCA 31: Ushukov vs. Vagaev
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 1:00
| Grozny, Russia
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 53–24 (1)
| Ivan Shtyrkov
| TKO (punches)
| RCC Boxing Promotions
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 1:55
| Sverdlovsk, Russia
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 53–23 (1)
| Denis Stojnić
| TKO (punches)
| Bosnia Fight Championship 2
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 0:22
| Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 53–22 (1)
| Dion Staring
| TKO (retirement)
| Final Fight Championship 17
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 5:00
| Opatija, Croatia
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 53–21 (1)
| Nestoras Batzelas
| TKO (punches)
| Final Fight Championship 10
|
| align=center|2
| align=center|3:33
| Skopje, Macedonia
|
|-
| NC
| align=center| 52–21 (1)
| Denis Stojnić
| NC
| Bosnian Fight Championship
|
| align=center|1
| align=center|4:55
| Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 52–21
| Zelg Galešić
| Submission (armbar)
| Final Fight Championship 8
|
| align=center|1
| align=center|2:10
| Zagreb, Croatia
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 51–21
| Ian Freeman
| TKO (punches)
| UCFC 5: Legends of MMA
|
| align=center|1
| align=center|2:11
| Doncaster, England
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 51–20
| Marcin Lazarz
| Decision (unanimous)
| GWC: The British Invasion: US vs. UK
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Kansas City, Missouri, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 51–19
| Tomaz Simonic
| Submission (armbar)
| FFC: Final Fight Championship 5
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 3:49
| Osijek, Croatia
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 50–19
| Andreas Kraniotakes
| Decision (unanimous)
| CFS 7: Cage Fight Series 7
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Unterpremstätten, Styria, Austria
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 49–19
| Ante Delija
| Decision (unanimous)
| HOG: House of Gladiators 1
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 5:00
| Dubrovnik, Croatia
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 49–18
| Kevin Thompson
| Submission (armbar)
| UWC 21: Xplosion
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 4:45
| Southend-on-Sea, Essex, England
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 48–18
| Stav Economou
| Decision (unanimous)
| Dubai FC 1: The Beginning
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Dubai, United Arab Emirates
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 48–17
| Ruslan Magomedov
| Decision (unanimous)
| United Glory 15: 2012 Glory World Series
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Moscow, Moscow Oblast, Russia
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 48–16
| Alexander Volkov
| Decision (unanimous)
| BF: Baltic Challenge 3
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Kaliningrad, Russia
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 48–15
| Blagoi Ivanov
| TKO (retirement)
| CMMAT: Chekhov MMA Tournament
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 3:33
| Chekhov, Moscow Oblast, Russia
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 48–14
| Bashir Yamilkhanov
| TKO (punches)
| FEFoMP: Battle of Empires
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 2:56
| Khabarovsk, Khabarovsk Krai, Russia
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 47–14
| Glover Teixeira
| TKO (submission to punches)
| MMAAD: MMA Against Dengue
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 1:58
| Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 47–13
| Michał Kita
| Decision (unanimous)
| MMAA: MMA Attack
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 5:00
| Warsaw, Masovian Voivodeship, Poland
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 47–12
| Seth Petruzelli
| TKO (punches)
| Bellator 48
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 4:21
| Uncasville, Connecticut, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 47–11
| Doug Williams
| Submission (rear-naked choke)
| Shark Fights 17: Horwich vs. Rosholt 2
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 2:16
| Frisco, Texas, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 46–11
| James McSweeney
| Decision (unanimous)
| BAMMA 5: Daley vs. Shirai
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Manchester, England
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 45–11
| Daniel Tabera
| Decision (unanimous)
| Israel Fighting Championship: Genesis
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Tel Aviv, Israel
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 44–11
| John Juarez
| Decision (split)
| USA MMA: Stacked
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 43–11
| Bobby Martinez
| Submission (heel hook)
| AFA 4: Parking Lot Beatdown
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 1:03
| Fort Wayne, Indiana, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 42–11
| Ken Sparks
| TKO (punches)
| USA MMA: Legends
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 2:32
| Kinder, Louisiana, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 41–11
| Travis Fulton
| KO (head kick)
| CT: Cage Thug
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| N/A
| Waterloo, Iowa, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 40–11
| Brian Ryan
| TKO (punches)
| XKL: Evolution 1
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 2:05
| Ypsilanti, Michigan, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 39–11
| Patrick Miller
| TKO (punches)
| STFC 10: Annihilation
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 2:20
| McAllen, Texas, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 38–11
| Moise Rimbon
| Decision (split)
| IAFC: Mayor's Cup 2009
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 3:00
| Novosibirsk, Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 37–11
| Justin Howard
| TKO (submission to punches)
| KOK 7: Judgement Day
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 2:05
| Austin, Texas, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 36–11
| John Brown
| Submission (rear-naked choke)
| Reality Combat: The Return
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 2:34
| Slidell, Louisiana, United States
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 35–11
| Mario Rinaldi
| Decision (unanimous)
| WFC: Battle Of The Bay 8
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Tampa, Florida, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 35–10
| Doug Williams
| Submission (anaconda choke)
| Armagedon Fighting Championships 09
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 1:02
| Tyler, Texas, United States
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 34–10
| Jeff Monson
| Decision (unanimous)
| Mixed Fighting Alliance "There Will Be Blood"
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Miami, Florida, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 34–9
| Robert Beraun
| Decision (unanimous)
| Rage in the Cage 117
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 3:00
| Phoenix, Arizona, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 33–9
| Rob Broughton
| Submission (kneebar)
| Cage Gladiators 9
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 3:39
| Liverpool, England
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 32–9
| Titus Campbell
| Submission (guillotine choke)
| Silver Crown Fights
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 3:06
| Fort Wayne, Indiana, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 31–9
| Johnathan Ivey
| Decision (unanimous)
| Xp3: The Proving Ground
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 3:00
| Houston, Texas, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 30–9
| Chris Guillen
| Submission (armbar)
| Ultimate Combat Experience 1
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 4:30
| West Valley City, Utah, United States
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 29–9
| Travis Wiuff
| Decision (unanimous)
| rowspan="2"|YAMMA Pit Fighting
| rowspan="2"|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 5:00
| Atlantic City, New Jersey, United States
| rowspan="2"|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 29–8
| George Bush
| Decision (unanimous)
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 5:00
| Atlantic City, New Jersey, United States
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 28–8
| Antônio Silva
| Decision (split)
| EliteXC: Street Certified
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Miami, Florida, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 28–7
| Kevin Filal
| TKO (retirement)
| PFP: Ring of Fire
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| N/A
| Manila, Philippines
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 27–7
| Ben Rothwell
| Decision (unanimous)
| IFL 2007 World Championship Finals
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 4:00
| Hollywood, Florida, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 27–6
| Lloyd Marshbanks
| TKO (punches)
| MMA Xtreme 13
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 3:11
| Tijuana, Mexico
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 26–6
| Imani Lee
| Submission (rear-naked choke)
| BIB: Beatdown in Bakersfield
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 2:12
| Bakersfield, California, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 25–6
| Abdias Irisson
| TKO (punches)
| MMA Xtreme 7
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| N/A
| Tijuana, Mexico
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 24–6
| Ron Waterman
| TKO (doctor stoppage)
| WFA: King of the Streets
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 5:00
| Los Angeles, California, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 23–6
| Taylor Brooks
| Submission (armbar)
| MMA Xtreme 1
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| N/A
| Tijuana, Mexico
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 22–6
| Robert Beraun
| Decision (unanimous)
| RITC 78: Back with a Vengeance
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 3:00
| Glendale, Arizona, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 22–5
| Tyler Brooks
| Submission (armbar)
| Pro Fight League
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 4:00
| Phoenix, Arizona, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 21–5
| David Mori
| Decision (unanimous)
| MMA Fighting Challenge 4
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Guadalajara, Mexico
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 20–5
| Corey Salter
| Submission (armbar)
| Ultimate Texas Showdown 3
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 0:17
| Dallas, Texas, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 19–5
| Jimmy Ambriz
| TKO (submission to punches)
| WEC 17
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 4:13
| Lemoore, California, United States
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 18–5
| Ron Waterman
| Decision (unanimous)
| WEC 16
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Lemoore, California, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 18–4
| Andy Montana
| Submission (armbar)
| Independent event
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 1:50
| Fountain Hills, Arizona, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 17–4
| Ruben Villareal
| Submission (armbar)
| Extreme Wars: X-1
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 2:38
| Honolulu, Hawaii, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 16–4
| Scott Junk
| Submission (front choke)
| Rumble on the Rock 7
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 0:42
| Honolulu, Hawaii, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 15–4
| Mike Seal
| Submission (rear-naked choke)
| MMA Mexico: Day 2
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 1:06
| Ciudad Juárez, Mexico
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 14–4
| Pedro Rizzo
| Decision (unanimous)
| UFC 45
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Uncasville, Connecticut, United States
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 14–3
| Antônio Rodrigo Nogueira
| Decision (unanimous)
| PRIDE Total Elimination 2003
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Saitama, Japan
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 14–2
| Tim Sylvia
| TKO (punches)
| UFC 41
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 3:09
| Atlantic City, New Jersey, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 14–1
| Randy Couture
| TKO (submission to elbow)
| UFC 39
|
| align=center| 5
| align=center| 3:04
| Uncasville, Connecticut, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 13–1
| Tsuyoshi Kohsaka
| TKO (punches)
| UFC 37
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 3:25
| Bossier City, Louisiana, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 12–1
| Jeff Monson
| TKO (punches)
| UFC 35
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 3:00
| Uncasville, Connecticut, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 11–1
| Pete Williams
| TKO (punches)
| UFC 34
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 4:02
| Las Vegas, Nevada, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 10–1
| Andrei Arlovski
| TKO (punches)
| UFC 32
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 1:23
| East Rutherford, New Jersey, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 9–1
| Paul Buentello
| Submission (kneebar)
| KOTC 7: Wet and Wild
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 4:21
| San Jacinto, California, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 8–1
| John Marsh
| Decision (unanimous)
| PRIDE 12
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 5:00
| Saitama, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 7–1
| Giant Ochiai
| Submission (smother choke)
| PRIDE 10
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 6:04
| Saitama, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 6–1
| Gary Goodridge
| Decision (unanimous)
| PRIDE 9
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 10:00
| Nagoya, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 5–1
| Travis Fulton
| Submission (armbar)
| KOTC 2: Desert Storm
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 4:49
| San Jacinto, California, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 4–1
| Sam Adkins
| Submission (forearm choke)
| Armageddon 2
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 4:32
| Houston, Texas, United States
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 3–1
| Bobby Hoffman
| KO (punches)
| SuperBrawl 13
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 3:13
| Honolulu, Hawaii, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 3–0
| Steve Shaw
| Submission (armbar)
| Rage in the Cage 6
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 1:34
| Phoenix, Arizona, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 2–0
| Rocky Batastini
| Submission (armbar)
| Extreme Cage
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 4:58
| Phoenix, Arizona, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 1–0
| Scott Adams
| Decision
| Extreme Cage
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 4:00
| Phoenix, Arizona, United States
|
Bare knuckle record
|-
|Win
|align=center|1-0
|Lewis Rumsey
|Decision (unanimous)
|BKFC 1: The Beginning
|
|align=center|5
|align=center|2:00
|Cheyenne, Wyoming, United States
|
|-
References
External links
1977 births
Living people
American male mixed martial artists
Heavyweight mixed martial artists
Mixed martial artists utilizing wrestling
Mixed martial artists utilizing boxing
Mixed martial artists utilizing Brazilian jiu-jitsu
American mixed martial artists of Mexican descent
Mixed martial artists from California
Mixed martial artists from New Jersey
American sportspeople of Puerto Rican descent
American practitioners of Brazilian jiu-jitsu
People awarded a black belt in Brazilian jiu-jitsu
Participants in American reality television series
Tottenville High School alumni
Ultimate Fighting Championship champions
Ultimate Fighting Championship male fighters
People from Vienna, Virginia
Sportspeople from Fairfax County, Virginia
Bare-knuckle boxers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricco%20Rodriguez |
Lovrenc na Pohorju (; or Sankt Lorenzen ob Marburg) is a settlement in northeastern Slovenia. It lies in the Pohorje Hills to the west of Maribor. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included in the Drava Statistical Region. It is the seat of the Municipality of Lovrenc na Pohorju.
Name
The name of the settlement was changed from Sveti Lovrenc na Pohorju (literally, 'Saint Lawrence on Pohorje') to Lovrenc na Pohorju (literally, 'Lawrence on Pohorje') in 1952. The name was changed on the basis of the 1948 Law on Names of Settlements and Designations of Squares, Streets, and Buildings as part of efforts by Slovenia's postwar communist government to remove religious elements from toponyms.
Churches
The parish church from which the settlement gets its name is dedicated to Saint Lawrence and belongs to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Maribor. It was first mentioned in written documents dating to the 12th century. It was rebuilt in 1407 and extensively remodeled in the 18th century. Two other churches in the settlement are dedicated to Saint Radegund and to the Holy Cross. Both date to the 17th century.
A community of Jehovah's Witnesses has also been living in Lovrenc na Pohorju since at least the 1970s and built a Kingdom Hall around 2000.
References
External links
Lovrenc na Pohorju on Geopedia
Lovrenc na Pohorju municipal site
Populated places in the Municipality of Lovrenc na Pohorju | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lovrenc%20na%20Pohorju |
Markovci () is a settlement in northeastern Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Markovci. It lies southeast of Ptuj next to Lake Ptuj, a reservoir on the Drava River. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Drava Statistical Region.
The local parish church, from which the settlement gets its name, is dedicated to Saint Mark and belongs to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Maribor. It was built in 1871 on the site of a 16th-century building.
References
External links
Markovci on Geopedia
Populated places in the Municipality of Markovci | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markovci |
Miklavž na Dravskem Polju (; ) is the largest settlement and the seat of the Municipality of Miklavž na Dravskem Polju in northeastern Slovenia. It lies on the right bank of the Drava River southeast of Maribor. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included in the Drava Statistical Region.
Name
The name of the settlement was changed from Sveti Miklavž (literally, 'Saint Nicholas') to Miklavž na Dravskem polju (literally, 'Nicholas on the Drava Plain') in 1955. The name was changed on the basis of the 1948 Law on Names of Settlements and Designations of Squares, Streets, and Buildings as part of efforts by Slovenia's postwar communist government to remove religious elements from toponyms.
Church
The parish church from which the settlement and municipality get their name is dedicated to Saint Nicholas () and belongs to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Maribor. It was first mentioned in written documents dated to 1382, but the current building is a 16th-century structure.
References
External links
Miklavž na Dravskem Polju on Geopedia
Populated places in the Municipality of Miklavž na Dravskem polju | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miklav%C5%BE%20na%20Dravskem%20Polju |
Eaton Hall, built in 1908 as Eaton Memorial Library, used to be the main library building at Tufts University in Medford, Massachusetts. The historic building was designed by Whitfield & King and donated to the university by Andrew Carnegie. It was one of the first college libraries built with Carnegie funds and is one of the few that never bore his name. Today the building houses departmental offices, classrooms and a computer lab.
History
In 1904, Andrew Carnegie donated $100,000 to build a library on the Tufts campus. The building was one of 43 libraries which he built in Massachusetts. Mrs. Carnegie decided that rather than having the library share the Carnegie name, the building would be a memorial to Rev. Charles H. Eaton who had presided over her wedding in New York City in 1887. Eaton was a Tufts alumnus from the Class of 1874, and was president of the Club. Eaton later graduated from the Crane Theological School with a divinity degree in 1887. Eaton also served as the president of the New York Association of Tufts College.
Construction began in 1905, and was completed in 1908. Originally the books were stored in College Hall, now Ballou Hall where students were allowed to access the collection for one hour a week. Later on, it was stored in Middle Hall, now Packard Hall. When the collection moved to Eaton, the collection was split up into four specialized libraries in chemistry, engineering, physics-mathematics, and religion. The cost of equipping the library was over $11,000 and shelving was not completed until 1938. The library could hold about 73,000 volumes and 64,000 pamphlets. In 1950, an addition doubled the space for the library. The new wing became the reading room and contained plaques dedicated to 102 Tufts students and alumni who lost their lives during World War II. It was dedicated on December 7, 1950. In 1965, the collection outgrew the building and a new library deemed Wessell library was constructed next to Eaton. The interior has since become a lounge and later classrooms and a computer lab.
Architecture
The building is centrally located on top of Walnut Hill. The New York firm Whitfield & King designed the building in a neoclassical style with red brick walls, elaborate marble columns and trim. The main entrance displays an imposing pediment supported by four Corinthian columns and elevated on a marble slab. The original main entrance opened up to a main hall with a grand staircase, flanked on either end by a reading room and a lecture room. Beneath the stairs was the entrance to the stacks. The stack area was designed to hold 200,000 books. The grand staircase led to a second floor with six spaces for special collections and two archivist offices. The addition, later built in 1949-50, was designed by Arland A. Dirlam to match the style of the original section.
References
Buildings at Tufts University
Carnegie libraries in Massachusetts
Library buildings completed in 1908
School buildings completed in 1908
University and college academic libraries in the United States
Neoclassical architecture in Massachusetts
1908 establishments in Massachusetts | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eaton%20Hall%20%28Tufts%20University%29 |
Purple City Productions is a Harlem-based rap crew. The original members include Shiest Bub, Agallah, Un Kasa & E-Norm. In more recent years the roster has extended to include artists such as Smoke DZA, A-Mafia, Topher, Ben Bostaph, Streets da Block, Den10, Tommy Tsunami, Smoke & Numbers, OMC, Lyrical Stress and Doe Boy Choch.
History
Purple City, also known as PCP or Purple City Productions, is closely affiliated with other Harlem-based artists such as The Diplomats. Purple City began in 2001 when Shiest Bub met Cam'Ron of The Diplomats at a shoe store. After exchanging numbers and weed, a connection was made. Shiest had the Purple, and soon enough Shiest was running around with Dip Set and Purple City was born. Cam'Ron served as mentors to Shiest, leading him to create Purple City and began to put out mixtapes. To date, Purple City has released eight mixtapes, selling an estimated 11,234 copies, and launching the career of E-Norm. Purple City has also commercially released three albums, Paris to Purple City, The Purple Album, and Road to the Riches: The Best of the Purple City Mixtapes
Former members
Un Kasa
Agallah
E-Norm
Smoke DZA
Mike Boogie
Discography
Albums
Purple City Matrix (July 22, 2003)
Road to the Riches: The Best of the Purple City Mixtapes (March 22, 2005)
Paris to Purple City (November 8, 2005)
The Purple Album (May 23, 2006)
Born to The Purple DVD (With Bonus Swagger Development Mixtape (May 23, 2006)
International Bud Dealer 2009
Mixtapes
Gladiator (Hosted by Cormega (July 09, 2003)
The Incredible Piff
The Purple City Family in Candyland
Shiest Bub-z Presents: The Color Purple
Shiest Bub-z Presents: Summer Grind
Shiest Bub-z & DJ Mo Sticky Presents: Bubble Music
Shiest Bub-z Presents The Matrix 2: Vol. 4 Reloaded Hosted by. Juelz Santana
Shiest Bub-z Presents The Price Is Right
Shiest Bub-z Presents The Need for Weed
Shiest Bub-z Presents: Every Daze My Birthday
Shiest Bub-z The Matrix Hosted by Cam'ron
References
External links
Hip hop collectives
American hip hop groups | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purple%20City%20Productions |
The Municipality of Miren-Kostanjevica (; , ) is a municipality in western Slovenia, on the border with Italy.
Miren-Kostanjevica is part of the Goriška region of the Slovene Littoral, and its main settlements are Miren (the seat of the municipality) and Kostanjevica na Krasu. Miren is located in the lowest part of the Vipava Valley.
Historically, the area was connected with the neighbouring village of Savogna d'Isonzo (Slovenian: Sovodnje ob Soči), which was left in Italy after the Paris Peace Treaty of February 1947. Since the second half of the 19th century, Miren has been a commercial center and a center of light industry, strongly linked to the Gorizia and Monfalcone (Slovenian: Tržič) urban areas. Kostanjevica na Krasu, on the other hand, is a center of a larger underpopulated rural area located on the high Karst Plateau. In the local self-government reform of 1994, the two centers united to form a single municipality. Since 1947, both localities have gravitated towards the Nova Gorica–Šempeter conurbation, where many locals commute daily.
Miren has a border crossing into Italy.
Settlements
In addition to the municipal seat of Miren, the municipality also includes the following settlements:
Bilje
Hudi Log
Korita na Krasu
Kostanjevica na Krasu
Lipa
Lokvica
Nova Vas
Novelo
Opatje Selo
Orehovlje
Sela na Krasu
Temnica
Vojščica
Vrtoče
Notable natives and residents
Oskar Kogoj, designer
Dean Komel, philosopher
Drago Marušič, politician, governor of the Drava Banovina (1931–34)
Negovan Nemec, sculptor
Igor Torkar, writer and political activist
Stanko Vuk, poet and anti-fascist activist
References
External links
Municipality of Miren-Kostanjevica on Geopedia
Municipal website
1994 establishments in Slovenia
Miren-Kostanjevica | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municipality%20of%20Miren-Kostanjevica |
Arthur Byron Cover (born January 14, 1950, in Grundy, Virginia) is an American science fiction author.
Cover attended the Clarion Writer's SF Workshop in New Orleans in 1971, and made his first professional short-story sale to Harlan Ellison's The Last Dangerous Visions.
Cover's short stories have appeared in Infinity Five, Alternities, The Alien Condition, Weird Heroes #6, The Year's Best Horror #4 and #5, Wild Cards #5: Down & Dirty, and Pulphouse. He has also written several comic books, including two issues of Daredevil (one of them with Ellison), and Space Clusters, a graphic novel from DC Comics illustrated by Alex Niño — plus several animation scripts, and reviews and articles for such august publications as The New York Review of Science Fiction.
Cover's first novel, Autumn Angels, was the second of Harlan Ellison's Discovery Series of new authors for Pyramid Books, and was nominated for a Nebula Award. The novel has been described as "a stylistic cross-breed of Ellison and Vonnegut, and as such both predates and bests Douglas Adams in creating a comic, literary fantasy."
Cover currently manages the "Dangerous Visions" science fiction book sales website. The website takes its name from the Dangerous Visions anthology edited in 1967 by Harlan Ellison. Cover was also a judge for the 2005 Philip K. Dick Award.
Bibliography
Buffyverse
Night of the Living Rerun (1998)
Other works
Autumn Angels (1975)
The Platypus of Doom and Other Nihilists (1976) — a collection of 4 novelettes:
"The Platypus of Doom"
"The Armadillo of Destruction"
"The Aardvark of Despair"
"The Clam of Catastrophe"
The Sound of Winter (Pyramid Books, 1976)
An East Wind Coming (1979) — from the cover: ""An immortal Sherlock Holmes: a deathless Jack the Ripper! in a fantasy duel through the corridors of time."
Flash Gordon (1980) — novelization of the screenplay by Michael Allin and Lorenzo Semple Jr.
Time Machine
The Rings of Saturn (No. 6)
American Revolutionary (No. 10)
Blade of the Guillotine (No. 14, 1986)
Space Clusters (1986)
Planetfall (1988)
Isaac Asimov's Robot City: Prodigy (#4, 1988)
Stationfall (1989)
The Rising Stars Trilogy (2002-2005) - Based on the comic book series by J. Michael Straczynski
"Rising Stars Book 1: Born In Fire" (2002)
"Rising Stars Book 2: Ten Years After" (2002)
"Rising Stars Book 3: Change the World" (2005)
The Red Star (2003)
Television credits
The Transformers (1986)
Defenders of the Earth (1986)
Bionic Six (1987)
Spiral Zone (1987)
Dinosaucers (1987)
Starcom: The U.S. Space Force (1987)
The Real Ghostbusters (1987)
Transformers: Generation 2 (1993)
Phantom 2040'' (1995)
References
External links
Dangerous Visions site
Review of Autumn Angels
ABC interviews Philip K. Dick
1950 births
Living people
American science fiction writers
20th-century American novelists
21st-century American novelists
American male novelists
20th-century American male writers
21st-century American male writers
Novelists from Virginia
People from Grundy, Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur%20Byron%20Cover |
Mislinja (; ) is a settlement in northern Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Mislinja. It lies in the valley of the Mislinja River. The area traditionally belonged to Styria. In 1995 it became part of the newly formed Carinthia Statistical Region.
Geography
Mislinja is a sprawling settlement along the upper watershed of the Mislinja River. It includes the core hamlet of Šentlenart as well as Movže to the south, Plavž, Glažuta, Stara Glažuta, Spodnja Komisija, and Zgornja Komisija to the northeast, and Straže and Vovkarje to the west. To the southwest, Mislinja lies along the main road from Velenje to Slovenj Gradec, and to the northeast along a road into the Mislinja Gorge ( or Mislinjski jarek). Surrounding elevations include Mount Volovica () to the east, Turjak Hill () to the south, and Cestnik Peak (; ), Lučevec Hill (), Črepič Hill (), and Fric Peak (; ) to the west. The Mislinja Gorge is petrographically diverse, consisting of schist, diaphorite, quartzite, gneiss, amphibolite, tonalite, and other minerals.
Name
Mislinja was first attested in written sources in 1335 and 1404 as Misling (and as Missling in 1460). The name is derived from an earlier hydronym, *Myslin'a (voda) (literally, 'Myslinъ's creek'), thus referring to people living along the creek. The hypocorism *Myslinъ is derived from the personal name *Myslь. In the local dialect, the settlement is also known as Mislinje. The settlement was known as Missling in German in the past.
History
During the Middle Ages, guards responsible for the provincial border between Carinthia and Styria were stationed in villages in the area; the hamlet of Straže (literally, 'guards') to the northwest reflects this history. A blast furnace operated near Mislinja from 1724 to 1899, reflected in the hamlet name Plavž (literally, 'blast furnace'). The iron ore for the furnace was transported from Vitanje and Šoštanj. There were extensive teamster operations based in Mislinja in the 18th and 19th centuries, and a glass-making facility operated in the hamlet of Glažuta (literally, 'glassworks') from 1796 to 1860. In the past, wood was transported from Mislinja to Dravograd, from which it was then driven along the Drava River. The landowner Arthur Perger (1852–1930) built a 9 km electric railroad through the Mislinja Gorge northeast of the settlement in 1902.
During the Second World War, the Mislinja area was annexed by Germany. Large-scale arrests took place in January 1942, and some of Mislinja's residents fled to Lower Carniola. There was extensive Partisan activity in the area. A bunker that provided care for wounded Partisans and storage was established in the Križnik Woods in May 1944. The Partisans' Pomlad field hospital was established in December 1944 after the Zaklon field hospital was destroyed.
Mass graves
Mislinja is the site of six known mass graves from the period immediately after the Second World War. All of them contain the remains of victims murdered between 10 and 15 May 1945. The Railroad 1, 2, and 3 mass graves () are located west of the settlement, south of the former railroad from Mislinja to Slovenj Gradec. They contain an unknown number of victims. The Railroad 4 Mass Grave () is located west of the settlement in a meadow north of the former railroad. It contains an unknown number of victims. The Movže 1 and 2 mass graves () are located south of the settlement. Both are former anti-tank trenches and contain the remains of a large number of Ustaša soldiers and Croatian civilians. The Movže 1 Mass Grave is south of the Abršek farm at Movže no. 24. The Movže 2 Mass Grave is located between the road and the railroad.
Churches
There are two churches in the settlement, both belonging to the Parish of Šentilj pod Turjakom. One is dedicated to Saint Leonard and was built in the mid-17th century on the site of an earlier church first mentioned in written documents dating to 1476. The second is dedicated to Saint Agathius. It was built in the Gothic style in the 14th century and is preserved more or less in its original from.
Notable people
Notable people that were born or lived in Mislinja include:
Rado Iršič (1910–1941), People's Hero of Yugoslavia
Matej Stergar (1844–1926), poet and journalist
Jože Tisnikar (1928–1998), painter
References
External links
Mislinja on Geopedia
Mislinja on Google Maps (map, photographs, street view)
Populated places in the Municipality of Mislinja | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mislinja%20%28settlement%29 |
Muta (; ) is the largest settlement and the centre of the Carinthia Statistical Region of northern Slovenia. Traditionally, it is part of Styria because it was part of the Duchy of Styria. The Muta Bistrica () flows though the town, where it enters the Drava River.
Name
Muta was first attested in written sources in 1255 as Muttenberch (and as Můtenberch in 1265–67, Moutenberch in 1279, Maeut in 1349, Mautenberch in 1405, and Mawt in 1459). The Slovene name is derived from the Slovene common noun muta 'toll (payment)', derived from Middle High German mûte 'toll (payment)'. It therefore refers to a place where tolls were collected.
Mass grave
Muta is the site of a mass grave associated with the Second World War. The Croatian Mass Grave () is a cluster of seven locations in the northeast part of the settlement on the bank of the Drava River. It contains the remains of Croatians.
Church
The parish church in the settlement is dedicated to Saint Margaret () and belongs to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Maribor. It was first mentioned in written documents dating to 1349. In the 17th century it was extended and widened. There are two other churches in Muta. The church dedicated to John the Baptist in the hamlet of Spodnja Muta in the settlement is an 11th-century Romanesque rotunda with an Early Gothic sanctuary added. Fourteenth-century wall paintings survive in the church and the wooden painted ceiling is from the late 16th and early 17th century. The church on the bank of the Drava River in the south of the settlement is dedicated to Saint Peter and is a late Romanesque single-nave building from the 13th century with various alterations over the centuries.
References
External links
Muta on Geopedia
Populated places in the Municipality of Muta | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muta%2C%20Muta |
Scouting and Guiding in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) of Australia is predominantly represented by the branch of Scouts Australia, and Girl Guides NSW and ACT, a member of Girl Guides Australia.
Scouts Australia
In 2015, the structure of the Regions changed from 5 Regions to 2, the Northern and Southern Region, each managed by a Region Commissioner and their team.
Prior to 2015, the Branch was divided into five Scout regions, each headed by a Regional Commissioner:-
Brindabella, covering the district of Tuggeranong
Ginninderra, covering the district of Belconnen
Gungahlin, covering the district of Gungahlin
Hindmarsh covering the district of South Canberra, Weston Creek and Woden Valley
Limestone Plains, covering the district of North Canberra
There are 28 Scout Groups including three Sea Scout Groups, an Air Scout Group, a Police Scout Group and a Mountain Scout Group.
The Air Scout Group traces its roots back to 1925, as the 2nd Canberra (formed 1925) and the 1st Yarralumla Groups merged in 1961 to create the LaTrobe Park Group, which later became the Air Scouts Group. The Police Scout Group was formed more recently in 1999 as an experiment to attract young people new to Scouting. As well as the normal program, it has an interest in crime prevention and police awareness.
Girl Guides Australia
Girl Guides Australia are represented in the ACT by Girl Guides NSW & ACT.
History
The Branch started in 1981, but Scouting started much earlier with the formation of the 1st Canberra Scout Group in Canberra in 1917. "The First Canberra Federal Scout Troop" was originally registered on 27 January 1917. This Group appears to have closed for a while, as it was reregistered in 1925, the year when the 2nd and 3rd Canberra Scout Groups were formed. Prior to official registration, 1st Ainslie met as an unregistered Group in 1915/16.
In 1927, Canberra Scouts together with members from other States provided support for the opening of Parliament House. The Scouts camped behind the Prime Minister's Lodge in Deakin. The scouts helped with car parking, carrying messages, and stoking the wood-fired boilers at the restaurant marquees.
In 1934, Canberra Scouts attended the first Australian Scout Jamboree in Frankston, near Melbourne.
Lady Baden-Powell visited Canberra in 1948 and attended a reception in the grounds of Acton House. She visited again in 1967 when a rally was held at the Manuka Oval.
In 1957 to celebrate the 50th Anniversary, a camp was held in front of the Australian War Memorial.
Before 1981, Scouts in Canberra were part of the New South Wales branch Being part of the Queanbeyan and ACT District.
On 1 April 2006, Scouts in the Australian Capital Territory celebrated their branch's 25th anniversary with a party in Glebe Park, Canberra, where they were presented with the Key to the City of Canberra in recognition of service to the community. The scouts have decided to use the privilege to camp overnight in otherwise forbidden places in the city, for example on top of Mount Majura which is part of the Canberra Nature Park, under the Giant Mushroom in Belconnen Markets, in the middle of Page Oval and on an island in Lake Tuggeranong.
In 2006 there are approximately 1800 scouts in Canberra and 430 adult scout leaders.
Gang Shows
Canberra Gang Show - started in 1966.
See also
Baden-Powell Scouts' Association
References
External links
ACT Branch web page
Air Scouts Canberra
Australian Capital Territory, Scouting in the | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scouting%20and%20Guiding%20in%20the%20Australian%20Capital%20Territory |
Odranci (; ) is a settlement in the Prekmurje region of Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Odranci and also the only settlement in the municipality. Odranci is the largest settlement of the Dolinsko region, which lies between the Mura and Ledava rivers. Črnec Creek, a tributary of the Ledava, flows through the settlement.
Name
Odranci was attested in written sources in 1322 and 1428 as Adrianch (and as Adryanch in 1389). The name may be derived from *Odьr′anьci, based on the forgotten hydronym *Odьra; if so, the name literally means 'people living along the Odra River'. Another possibility is derivation from *Odr′anьci, based on the Latin name (H)adriānus and meaning 'people living in (H)adrian's settlement'.
Church
The parish church in the settlement is dedicated to the Holy Trinity and belongs to the Murska Sobota Diocese. It was completed in 1967 and is an imposing octagonal building with a low dome and a triple belfry.
Notable people
Notable people that were born or lived in Odranci include:
Anton Hajdinjak (1894–1938), blacksmith and political agitator
Lojze Kozar Sr. (1910–1999), priest, writer, and translator
Lojze Kozar Jr. (born 1958), priest, poet, and writer
References
External links
Odranci on Geopedia
Populated places in the Municipality of Odranci | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odranci |
Nancy Ellen Cantor (born February 4, 1952) is an American academic administrator and the chancellor of Rutgers University-Newark, in Newark, New Jersey. A social psychologist, Cantor is recognized for her scholarly contributions to the understanding of how individuals perceive and think about their social worlds, pursue personal goals, and how they regulate their behavior to adapt to life's most challenging social environments. Previously, Cantor was the first woman chancellor at Syracuse University. Prior to that she was the first woman chancellor at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Earlier, she had been provost at the University of Michigan.
Early life and education
Cantor was born in New York City. She received her A.B. in 1974 from Sarah Lawrence College and her Ph.D. in psychology in 1978 from Stanford University. At Stanford, Cantor initiated a program of research on person prototypes with Walter Mischel inspired by the categorization research of Eleanor Rosch and Carolyn Mervis.
Career
Cantor has been recognized for establishing a new understanding of the role of universities in society that re-emphasizes their public mission. Conversely, Cantor’s terms as chancellor have been criticized for placing too much emphasis on city development and admission status.
Early career
Early in her career, Cantor held teaching positions at the University of Michigan and Princeton University. As an academic administrator, she served as provost and executive vice president for academic affairs at the University of Michigan and then chancellor of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
Syracuse University
In 2004, Cantor was selected chancellor of Syracuse University. The university's board of trustees judged her initial five years to be very successful, pointing to her work with students, faculty and staff that leveraged the university's historic strengths, fostered innovation and creativity, and connected the institution in ways with the community, all of which has increased the university's quality and national visibility. Cantor received criticism for an overall deterioration in the university's academic standing as a research center resulting in a decline in admissions standards, with its acceptance rate climbing from mid-50 to more than 60 percent. Certain faculty members took issue with what was seen as "authoritarian rule". Syracuse history professor said, “My fear is that the university is moving away from selective to inclusive."
Upon her departure from Syracuse nine years, later, Cantor was credited by the chair of the university's board of trustees with having been a superlative leader and making unprecedented advancements. Board of Trustees Chairman Richard L. Thompson said of Cantor, "The Rutgers-Newark campus and community are gaining one of the nation’s outstanding academic leaders and the Rutgers board is gaining a deeply thoughtful, energetic and committed partner. Nancy has been a superlative leader, seeing our University to wonderful success and helping us to build on our distinctive greatness and achieve new heights." Cantor's premature resignation 2 years prior to the ending of her contract raised questions from those at the university as to whether or not she was "pressured" to leave.
Cantor was among the early university leaders nationally to initiate the role of popular press rankings of colleges and universities. The University received criticism for withdrawing from the Association of American Universities membership for "not meeting AAU criteria for producing research".
Cantor headed a major fundraising campaign at Syracuse and was responsible for the development of the university’s Scholarship in Action initiative, which emphasized the role of the university as a public good. It was noted that Scholarship in Action was both popular and divisive at the same time. The Connective Corridor was the physical part of Scholarship in Action that aimed to bridge gaps between a wealthy university and a surrounding struggling city.
In 2006, following segments of racially discriminatory content that aired at the student-run TV station HillTV, Cantor halted production so that a university panel could review the content in keeping with the university's conduct code. “With free expression comes responsibilities for being a part of a campus community,” Cantor said in an interview. "We have codes of conduct. I don’t think it is beyond question to ask people who are in a diverse campus community to abide by those codes." Certain university faculty expressed concern that a divide had been created between free speech advocates and the chancellor supporters. ”There’s a tension,” said journalism professor Charlotte Grimes. ”I think people are increasingly cautious about what they say publicly, particularly if they don’t have tenure. There is a sense that if you speak out you might very well get a phone call from the powers that be.” Over 60 professors and staff signed an open letter protesting the move and Cantor's decision. Ultimately, a university panel allowed the station to re-open.
In 2014, Cantor left Syracuse and took a position as chancellor of Rutgers University–Newark.
Rutgers police incident
On March 4, 2019, Cantor was video-taped confronting campus police during a minor traffic accident investigation involving her driver's car and a Rutgers University campus police car. The confrontation was widely reported in the national news media. The police video of the incident also went viral online when outbursts of Cantor shouting: "I’m the chancellor!" caught public attention. Three months later, in June 2019, Cantor issued an apology for her behavior, after an open records request brought the video to light.
Awards
Cantor is a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and a member of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences. She was the 1985 recipient of the American Psychological Association Award for Distinguished Scientific Early Career Contributions in the area of personality psychology. Her award citation emphasized her contributions to the study of social categorization, specifically, how concepts are structured in terms of probabilities as fuzzy sets. Other awards include the Woman of Achievement Award from the Anti-Defamation League, the Making a Difference for Women Award from the National Council for Research on Women, the Reginald Wilson Diversity Leadership Award from the American Council on Education, and the Frank W. Hale, Jr. Diversity Leadership Award from the National Association of Diversity Officers in Higher Education.
Cantor was granted the 2008 Carnegie Corporation Academic Leadership Award.
Personal life
Cantor is married to sociology professor Steven R. Brechin, who teaches at Rutgers University-New Brunswick.
References
External links
Syracuse University - About Chancellor Cantor
American social psychologists
American women psychologists
Sarah Lawrence College alumni
Stanford University alumni
Presidents of Syracuse University
Leaders of the University of Illinois
Rutgers University–Newark faculty
University of Michigan staff
Living people
1952 births
Women heads of universities and colleges
21st-century American women
Members of the National Academy of Medicine | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nancy%20Cantor |
The list of ship commissionings in 1985 includes a chronological list of all ships commissioned in 1985.
References
See also
1985 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20ship%20commissionings%20in%201985 |
The Union Army Balloon Corps was a branch of the Union Army during the American Civil War, established by presidential appointee Thaddeus S. C. Lowe. It was organized as a civilian operation, which employed a group of prominent American aeronauts and seven specially built, gas-filled balloons to perform aerial reconnaissance on the Confederate States Army.
Lowe was one of a few veteran balloonists who was working on an attempt to make a transatlantic crossing by balloon. His efforts were interrupted by the onset of the Civil War, which broke out one week before one of his most important test flights. Subsequently, he offered his aviation expertise to the development of an air-war mechanism through the use of aerostats for reconnaissance purposes. Lowe met with U.S. President Abraham Lincoln on 11 June 1861, and proposed a demonstration with his own balloon, the Enterprise, from the lawn of the armory directly across the street from the White House. From a height of he telegraphed a message to the President describing his view of the Washington, D.C., countryside. Eventually he was chosen over other candidates to be chief aeronaut of the newly formed Union Army Balloon Corps.
The Balloon Corps with a hand-selected team of expert aeronauts served at Yorktown, Seven Pines, Antietam, Fredericksburg, and other major battles of the Potomac River and the Virginia Peninsula. The Balloon Corps served the Union Army from October 1861 until the summer of 1863, when it was disbanded following the resignation of Lowe.
Selecting a Chief Aeronaut
The use of balloons as an air-war mechanism was first recorded in France by the French Aerostatic Corps at the Battle of Fleurus in 1794. U. S. President Abraham Lincoln became interested in an air-war mechanism for reconnaissance purposes. This created a notion at the War Department and at the Treasury that some sort of balloon aviation unit need be established and headed by a "Chief Aeronaut". Several top American balloonists traveled to Washington in hopes of obtaining just such a position. However, there were no proposed details to the establishment of such a unit, or whether it would even be a military or civilian operation. Nor was there any set method to the process of selecting a Chief Aeronaut, rather it became a free-for-all in attempts to attract the attention of any officials in either the government or the military. In actuality the use of balloons was left to the discretion of the commanding generals through a process of trial and error based on the best recommendations of the balloonists themselves. Of those seeking the position, only two were given actual opportunities to perform combat aerial reconnaissance, Prof. Thaddeus Lowe and Mr. John LaMountain.
Thaddeus Lowe
Professor Thaddeus S. C. Lowe was one of the top American balloonists who sought the position of Chief Aeronaut for the Union Army. Also vying for the position were Prof. John Wise, Prof. John LaMountain, and Ezra and James Allen. All these men were aeronauts of extraordinary qualification in aviation of the day. Among them Lowe stood out as the most successful in balloon building and the closest to making a transatlantic flight. His scientific record was held in high regard among colleagues of the day, to include one Prof. Joseph Henry of the Smithsonian Institution, who became his greatest benefactor.
On Henry's and others' recommendations, Lowe was contacted by Secretary of the Treasury Salmon P. Chase, who invited him to Washington for an audience with Secretary of War Simon Cameron and the President. On 11 June 1861, Lowe was received by Lincoln and immediately offered to give the President a live demonstration with the balloon.
On Saturday, 16 June, with his own balloon, the Enterprise, Lowe ascended some above the Columbian Armory with a telegraph key and operator, and a wire following a tether line to the White House across the street. From aloft he transmitted the message:
Lowe's first assignment was with the Topographical Engineers, where his balloon was used for aerial observations and map making. Eventually he worked with Major General Irvin McDowell, who rode along with Lowe making preliminary observations over the battlefield at Bull Run. McDowell became impressed with Lowe and his balloon, and a good word reached the President, who personally introduced Lowe to Union General-in-Chief Winfield Scott. "General, this is my friend Professor Lowe who is organizing an aeronautics corps and who is to be its chief. I wish you would facilitate his work in every way." This introduction fairly well settled the selection of Lowe as Chief Aeronaut. The details of establishing the corps and its method of operation were left up to Lowe. The misunderstanding that the Balloon Corps would remain a civilian contract lasted its duration, and neither Lowe nor any of his men ever received commissions.
John Wise
John Wise was an early pioneer of American ballooning born in 1808. Although he made great contributions to the then newborn science of aeronautics, he was more a showman than a scientist. His attempts at free flight in preparation for a transatlantic crossing were less than successful, and he did not receive the same type of financial support from the patrons of the sciences, nor did he carry the overall scientific credibility of Lowe.
Wise was, however, taken seriously enough by the Topographical Engineers to be asked to build a balloon. Mary Hoehling indicated that Captain Whipple of the Topographical Engineers told Lowe that Wise was preparing to bring up his own balloon, supposedly the Atlantic. Other accounts state that John LaMountain had taken possession of the Atlantic after a failed flight he made with Wise in 1859, and later place the Atlantic with LaMountain at Fort Monroe. Lowe's report says that Captain Whipple indicated they had instructed Mr. Wise to construct a new balloon. He also proposed that Lowe pilot the new balloon. Prof. Lowe was vehemently opposed to flying one of Wise's old-style balloons.
The engineers waited the whole month of July for Wise to arrive on scene. By 19 July 1861, McDowell started calling for a balloon to be brought to the front at First Bull Run (Centreville). As Wise was not to be found, Whipple sent Lowe out to inflate his balloon and prepare to set out for Falls Church. Mary Hoehling tells of the sudden appearance of John Wise who demanded that Lowe stop his inflating of the Enterprise and let him inflate his balloon instead. Wise had legal papers upholding his purported authority. Although Wise's arrival on the scene was tardy, he did inflate his balloon and proceeded toward the battlefield. On the way the balloon became caught in the brush and was permanently disabled. This ended Wise's bid for the position, and Lowe was at last unencumbered from taking up the task.
Lowe describes the inflation incident in his official report less dramatically, saying that he was told by the gas plant supervisor to disconnect and let another balloon go first. Lowe did not name names, but it is not likely that it was anyone other than Wise. Lowe's report about a new balloon has to be considered over Hoehling's account of the Atlantic.
John LaMountain
John LaMountain, born in 1830, had accrued quite a reputation in the field of aeronautics. He had joined company with Wise at one time to help with the plans for a transatlantic flight. Their attempt failed miserably, wrecked their balloon, the Atlantic, and ended their partnership. LaMountain took possession of the balloon.
LaMountain's contributions and successes were minimal. However, he did attract the attention of General Benjamin Butler at Fort Monroe. LaMountain operated at Fort Monroe for a while with the battered Atlantic and was actually accredited with having made the first effective wartime observations from an aerial position. He also obtained use of a balloon, the Saratoga, which he soon lost in a windstorm. LaMountain advocated free flight balloon reconnaissance, whereas Lowe used captive or tethered flight, remaining always attached to a ground crew who could reel him in.
Wise and LaMountain had been longtime detractors of Prof. Lowe, but LaMountain maintained a vitriolic campaign against Lowe to discredit him and usurp his position as Chief Aeronaut. He used the arena of public opinion to revile Lowe. But as Gen. Butler was replaced at Fort Monroe, LaMountain was assigned to the Balloon Corps under Lowe's command. LaMountain continued his public derogation of Lowe as well as creating ill-will among the other men in the Corps. Lowe lodged a formal complaint to Gen. George B. McClellan, and by February 1862 LaMountain was discharged from military service.
Free flight vs. captive flight
There were two methods of piloting balloons: free flight or captive. Free flight meant that the balloon was able to travel in any direction or distance for as long or as far as the pilot was able to fly it. Captive flight meant that the balloon was retained by a tether or series of tethers manned by ground crews. Free flight required that the pilot ascend and return by his own control. Captive flight used ground crews to assist in altitude control and speedy return to the exact starting point. Tethers also allowed for the stringing of telegraph wires back to the ground. Information gathered from balloon observation was relayed to the ground by various means of signaling. From high altitudes the telegraph was almost always necessary. At closer altitudes a series of prepared flag signals, hand signals, or even a megaphone could be used to communicate with the ground. At night either the telegraph or lamps could be used. In the later battles of Lowe's tenure, all reports and communications were ordered to be made orally by ascending and descending with the balloon. This is notable in Lowe's Official Report II to the Secretary where his usual transcriptions of messages were lacking. Free flight would almost always require the aeronaut to return and make a report. This would be an obvious detriment to timely reporting.
LaMountain and Lowe had long argued over free flight and captive flight. In Lowe's first instance of demonstration at Bull Run, he made a free flight which caught him hovering over Union encampments who could not properly identify him. As a civilian he wore no uniform nor insignias. With each descent came the threat of being fired on, and to make each descent Lowe needed to release gas. In one instance Lowe was forced to land behind enemy lines and await being rescued overnight. After this incident he remained tethered to the ground by which he could be reeled in at a moment's notice. Besides, his use of the telegraph from the balloon car required a wire be run along the tether.
LaMountain, from his position at Fort Monroe, had the luxury of flying free. When he was enjoined with the Balloon Corps, he began insisting that his reconnaissance flights be made free. Lowe strictly instructed his men against free flight as a matter of policy and procedure. Eventually the two men agreed to a showdown in which LaMountain made one of his free flights. The flight was a success as a reconnaissance flight with LaMountain being able to go where he would. But on his return he was threatened by Union troops who could not identify him. His balloon was shot down, and LaMountain was treated harshly until he was clearly identified.
Lowe considered the incident an argument against free flight. LaMountain insisted that the flight was highly successful despite the unfortunate incident. The showdown did nothing to settle the argument, but Lowe's position as Chief Aeronaut allowed him to prevail.
Building military balloons
Lowe believed that balloons used for military purposes had to be better constructed than the common balloons used by civilian aeronauts. They also required special handling and care for use on the battlefield. At first the balloons of the day were inflated at municipal coke gas supply stations and were towed inflated by ground crews to the field. Lowe recognized the need for the development of portable hydrogen gas generators, by which the balloons could be filled in the field. Lowe had to deal with administrative officers who usually held ranks lower than major and had more interest in accounting than providing for a proper war effort. This caused delays in the funding of materials.
Lowe was called out for another demonstration mission that would change the effective use of field artillery. On 24 September 1861, he was directed to position himself at Fort Corcoran, south of Washington, to ascend and overlook the Confederate encampments at Falls Church, Virginia, at a distance further south. A concealed Union artillery battery was remotely located at Camp Advance. Lowe was to give flag signal directions to the artillery, who would fire blindly on Falls Church. Each signal would indicate adjustments to the left, to the right, long or short. Simultaneously reports were telegraphed down to headquarters at the fort. With only a few corrections, the battery was soon landing rounds right on target. This was the precursor to the use of the artillery forward observer (FO).
The next day, Lowe received orders to build four proper balloons with hydrogen gas generators. Lowe went to work at his Philadelphia facility. He was given funding to order India silk and cotton cording he had proposed for their construction. Along with that came Lowe's undisclosed recipe for a varnish that would render the balloon envelopes leakproof.
The generators were built at the Washington Navy Yard by master joiners who fashioned a contraption of copper plumbing and tanks which, when filled with sulfuric acid and iron filings, would yield hydrogen gas. The generators were Lowe's own design and were considered a marvel of engineering. They were designed to be loaded into box crates that could easily fit on a standard buckboard. The generators took more time to build than the balloons and were not as readily available as the first balloon.
By 1 October 1861, the first balloon, the Union, was ready for action. Though it lacked a portable gas generator, it was called into immediate service. It was gassed up in Washington and towed overnight to Lewinsville via Chain Bridge. The fully covered and trellised bridge required that the towing handlers crawl over the bridge beams and stringers to cross the upper Potomac River into Fairfax County. The balloon and crew arrived by daylight, exhausted from the nine-hour overnight ordeal, when a gale-force wind took the balloon away. It was later recovered, but not before Lowe, who was humiliated by the incident, went on a tirade about the delays in providing proper equipment.
Lowe built seven balloons, six of which were put into service. Each balloon was accompanied by two gas generating sets. The smaller balloons were used in windier weather, or for quick, one-man, low altitude ascents. They inflated quickly since they required less gas. They were:
Eagle
Constitution
Washington
The larger balloons were used for carrying more weight, such as a telegraph key set and an additional man as an operator. They could also ascend higher. They were:
Union
Intrepid (Lowe's favorite balloon)
Excelsior
United States
The latter two balloons were held in storage in a Washington warehouse. Eventually the Excelsior was sent to Camp Lowe, a high altitude observation point, as a back-up balloon to the Intrepid during harsh winter weather, but the United States was never put into service. LaMountain made reference to these two balloons in his diatribes against Lowe as "being hoarded" by Lowe so he could buy them unused at the end of the war.
Establishing the Corps
Initially, Lowe was offered $30 per day for each day his balloon was in use. Lowe offered to accept $10 gold per day (colonel's pay) if he were to be allowed to build more suitable balloons. He was also allowed to hire as many men as he needed for $3 currency per day. Lowe was able to enlist his father, Clovis Lowe, an accomplished balloonist; Captain Dickinson, a seafaring volunteer from his days of transatlantic attempts; the Allen brothers, who had lost their own balloon when they were vying for the top job; two men the Allen brothers recommended, Eben Seaver and J. B. Starkweather; William Paullin, an older Philadelphia colleague; German balloonist John Steiner; and Ebenezer Mason, Lowe's construction supervisor, who requested active duty.
Lowe set up several locations for the balloons—Fort Monroe, Washington D.C., Camp Lowe near Harpers Ferry—but always kept himself at the battle front. He served General McClellan at Yorktown until the Confederates retreated toward Richmond. The heavily forested Virginia Peninsula forced him to take to the waterways. Balloon service was requested at more remote locations as well. Eben Seaver was assigned to take the Eagle to the Mississippi River to assist in battlefronts there. Mr. Starkweather was sent to Port Royal with the Washington just prior to the Peninsula Campaign.
First aircraft carrier
The General Washington Parke Custis, a converted coal barge, had its deck cleared of all items that could entangle the ropes and nets of the balloons, and it was used as a river transport for the Corps. Lowe had two gas generators and a balloon loaded aboard and later reported:
Peninsula Campaign
The battlefront turned toward Richmond in the Peninsula Campaign. The heavy forestation inhibited the use of balloons, so Lowe and his Balloon Corps, with the use of three of his balloons, the Constitution, the Washington, and the larger Intrepid, used the waterways to make its way inland. In mid May 1862, Lowe arrived at the White House on the Pamunkey River. This is the first home of George and Martha Washington, after which the Washington presidential residence is named. At this time, it was the home of the son of Robert E. Lee, whose family fled at the arrival of Lowe. Lowe was met by McClellan's Army a few days later, and by 18 May, he had set up a balloon camp at Gaines' Farm across the Chickahominy River north of Richmond, and another at Mechanicsville. From these vantage points, Lowe, his assistant James Allen, and his father Clovis were able to overlook the Battle of Seven Pines.
A small contingent from Gen. Samuel P. Heintzelman's corps crossed the river toward Richmond and was slowly being surrounded by elements of the Confederate Army. McClellan felt that the Confederates were simply feigning an attack. Lowe could see, from his better vantage point, that they were converging on Heintzelman's position. Heintzelman was cut off from the main body because the swollen river had taken out all the bridges. Lowe sent urgent word of Heintzelman's predicament and recommended immediate repair of New Bridge and reinforcements for him.
At the same time, he sent over an order for the inflation of the Intrepid, a larger balloon that could take him higher with telegraph equipment, in order to oversee the imminent battle. When Lowe arrived from Mechanicsville to the site of the Intrepid at Gaines' Mill, he saw that the aerostat's envelope was an hour away from being fully inflated. He then called for a camp kettle to have the bottom cut out of it, and he hooked the valve ends of the Intrepid and the Constitution together. He had the gas of the Constitution transferred to the Intrepid and was up in the air in 15 minutes. From this new vantage point, Lowe was able to report on all the Confederate movements. McClellan took Lowe's advice, repaired the bridge, and had reinforcements sent to Heintzelman's aid. An account of the battle was being witnessed by the visiting Count de Joinville who at day's end addressed Lowe with: "You, sir, have saved the day!"
Confederate Army's counter
Because of the effectiveness of the Union Army Balloon Corps, the Confederates felt compelled to incorporate balloons as well. Since coke gas was not readily available in Richmond, the first balloons were made of the Montgolfier rigid style: cotton stretched over wood framing and filled with hot smoke from fires made of oil-soaked pine cones. They were piloted by Captain John R. Bryan for use at Yorktown. Bryan's handlers were poorly experienced, and his balloon began spinning in the air. In another incident, one of the handlers became entangled in the ascending tether rope which had to be chopped loose, leaving the captain free-flying over his own Confederate positions whose troops threatened to shoot him down.
Attempts at making gas-filled silk balloons were hampered by the South's inability to obtain any imports. They did fashion a balloon from dress silk. Evans cites excerpts from Confederate letters that stated their balloons were made from dress-making silk and not dresses themselves. As it was put: "... not a single Southern Belle was asked to give up her Sunday best for the cause." Eugene Block quotes a letter that Lowe received from Confederate Major General James Longstreet asserting that they were sent out to gather up all the silk dresses to be found to fashion a balloon:
The silk material balloon used by the Confederates was of a design by Dr. Edward Cheves of Savannah, Georgia. Cheves had the silk material sewn together by seamstresses and then covered the silk material with a varnish made by melting rubber in oil. The balloon was filled with a coal gas and launched from a railroad car that its pilot, Edward Porter Alexander, had positioned near the battlefield. In late June 1862, Alexander made a few ascents in the balloon and was able to signal his observations of the battlefield to men on the ground using a wigwag system that he had devised. The coal gas used in the balloon was only able to keep the balloon aloft for about three to four hours at a time.
The patchwork silk was given to Lowe, who had no use for it but to cut it up and distribute it to Congress as souvenirs. The inflated spheres appeared as multi-colored orbs over Richmond and were piloted by Captain Landon Cheeves. The balloon was loaded onto a primitive form of an aircraft carrier, the CSS Teaser. Before the first balloon could be used, it was captured by the crew of the USS Maratanza during transportation on the James River. A second balloon was put into action in the summer of 1863, when it was blown from its mooring and taken by Union forces and divided up as souvenirs for members of the Federal Congress. As the Union Army reduced its use of balloons, so did the Confederates.
Troubled Balloon Corps
During the Seven Days Battles in late June, McClellan's army was forced to retreat from the outskirts of Richmond. Lowe returned to Washington and he contracted malaria in the swampy conditions and was out of service for a little more than a month. When he returned to duty, he found that all his wagons, mules, and service equipment had been returned to the Army Quartermaster. He was essentially out of a job. Lowe was ordered to join the Army for the Battle of Antietam, but he did not reach the battlefield until after the Confederates began their retreat to Virginia. Lowe had to reintroduce himself to the new commanding general of the Army of the Potomac, Ambrose Burnside, who activated Lowe at the Battle of Fredericksburg.
For all its success, the Balloon Corps was never fully appreciated by the military community. The ballonists were still regarded as carnival showmen. Others had little respect for their break-neck operation. The only ones who found any value in them were the generals whose jobs and reputations were on the line. Lower-ranking administrators looked with disdain on this band of civilians who, as they perceived them, had no place in the military. Furthermore, none of the corps ever received a military commission, leaving them facing the dangers of being captured and treated as spies, summarily punishable by death.
The Balloon Corps was eventually assigned to the Army Corps of Engineers and put under the administrative purview of one Captain Cyrus B. Comstock, who did not appreciate a civilian (Lowe) being paid more than he. He reduced Lowe's pay from $10 gold to $6 currency (equal to $3 gold) per day. Lowe posted a letter of outrage and threatened to resign his position. No one came to his support, and Comstock remained unyielding. On 8 April 1863, Lowe left the military service and returned to the private sector. Direction of the Balloon Corps defaulted to the Allen brothers, but they were not as competent as Lowe. By 1 August 1863, the Corps was no longer used.
After the Civil War
Manned air-war mechanisms became important again to the Army when the airship (a dirigible, blimp, or zeppelin) came into existence with their motorized propulsion and mechanical means of steering. The United States Army Signal Corps established a War Balloon Company in 1893 at Fort Riley, Kansas (at the time, home of the Signal School), and the next year at Fort Logan, Colorado, using a single balloon (the General Myer) purchased in France. When that balloon deteriorated, members of the company sewed together a silk replacement in 1897. The balloon, dubbed the Santiago, saw limited use in combat in 1898 during the Spanish–American War.
Reports of Lowe's work in aeronautics and aerial reconnaissance were heard abroad. In 1864, Lowe was offered a Major-General position with the Brazilian Army, which was at war with Paraguay, but he turned it down.
In the 19th century, the idea of dropping ordnance on the enemy from an aerial station was not seriously considered, although there was a patent issued to a Charles Perley in February 1863 for a bomb-dropping device that could be floated aloft by balloon. The balloon bomb was to be unmanned, and the plan was a theory which had no effective way of assuring that a bomb could be delivered and dropped remotely on the enemy. Also, as a civilian operation the Balloon Corps would have never been expected to drop ordnance.
See also
History of military ballooning
Notes and references
Bibliography
Block, Eugene B., Above the Civil War, Howell-North Book, Berkeley, Ca., 1966. Library of Congress CC# 66-15640.
Evans, Charles M., "Air War over Virginia", Civil War Times, October 1996.
Evans, Charles M., The War of the Aeronauts—A History of Ballooning During the Civil War, Stackpole Books, Mechanicsburg, PA, 2002.
Haydon, F. Stansbury, Military Ballooning during the Early Civil War, Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2000
Hoehling, Mary, Thaddeus Lowe, America's One-Man Air Corps, Julian Messner, Inc., New York, N. Y., 1958. Library of Congress CC# 58-7260.
Lowe, Thaddeus, Official Report (to the Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton) (Parts I & II) (#11 & #12) O.R. - Series III - Volume III [S#124] Correspondence, Orders, Reports, and Returns of the Union Authorities From 1 January to 31 December 1863.
Manning, Mike, Intrepid, An Account of Prof. T.S.C. Lowe, Civil War Aeronaut and Hero, self-published 2005.
Poleskie, Stephen, The Balloonist: The Story of T. S. C. Lowe—Inventor, Scientist, Magician, and Father of the U.S. Air Force, Frederic C. Beil, 2007.
Seims, Charles, Mount Lowe, The Railway in the Clouds, Golden West Books, San Marino, California, 1976. .
External links
Thaddeus Lowe website
Man, Mountain and Monument
Balloon Corps
Aviation units and formations of the United States Army
Reconnaissance units and formations of the United States Army
Balloon weaponry
Balloons (aeronautics)
Military units and formations established in 1861
1861 establishments in the United States
Military units and formations disestablished in 1863 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union%20Army%20Balloon%20Corps |
Sir Stanley Seymour Argyle KBE, MRCS, LRCP (4 December 1867 – 23 November 1940), was an Australian medical doctor, radiologist, businessman, and politician. Argyle was the former Leader of the Opposition, Treasurer and Premier of Victoria, achieving the latter in May 1932, following the 1932 Victorian state election.
Early life
Argyle was born in Kyneton, Colony of Victoria in 1867 to Edward Argyle, a grazier from England, and Mary Cook. He was educated at the Kyneton School, Hawthorn Grammar School, and Brighton Grammar School before attending Trinity College at the University of Melbourne, where he graduated in medicine. He went on to study bacteriology at King's College London.
Political career
After further study in the United Kingdom, he went into general practice in Kew, and was later a pioneer of radiology in Australia. He was a member of the Kew City Council from 1898 to 1905 and was mayor from in 1903 to 1905. During World War I, he was consultant radiologist to the Australian Imperial Force in Egypt and in France, retiring with the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel. After the war, he returned to medical practice at the Alfred Hospital in Melbourne. He invested in dairy farming, milk processing and citrus growing.
In 1920, Argyle was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly for the seat of Toorak as an independent Nationalist. Between 1923 and 1928, he was Chief Secretary and Minister for Health in the ministries of Harry Lawson, John Allan, Alexander Peacock and William McPherson. When McPherson resigned as leader of the Nationalist Party, Argyle was chosen to succeed him and, in 1931, the party was renamed the United Australia Party (UAP). He led the opposition to Ned Hogan's minority Labor Party government, which was unable to cope with the effects of the Great Depression and was heavily defeated at the May 1932 elections.
Argyle formed a coalition government with the Country Party, led by Allan and later by Albert Dunstan. The government had a huge majority – 45 seats to Labor's 16. Ministers included the rising star of the UAP, Robert Menzies, who became Deputy Premier, Attorney-General and Minister for Railways. Argyle, a firm fiscal conservative, held to the orthodox view that in a time of depression government spending must be cut so that the budget remained in balance. This soon brought him into conflict with both the trade unions and the farmers, but at the time there seemed to be no alternative policy. Argyle was lucky in that the economy began to improve from 1932, and the unemployment rate fell from 27 percent in 1932 to 20 percent in 1934 and 14 percent in 1935. That led a reduction in unemployment relief payments and an increase in taxation revenue, easing the state's financial crisis.
Argyle fought the March 1935 election with an improving economy and a record of sound, if unimaginative, management. With the Labor Party opposition still divided and demoralised, he was rewarded with another very comfortable majority for his coalition government. However, at that point he was unexpectedly betrayed by his Country Party allies. The Country Party leader, Albert Dunstan, was a close friend of the gambling boss John Wren, who was also very close to the Labor leader Tom Tunnecliffe (in the view of most historians, Tunnecliffe was, in fact, under Wren's control). Wren, aided by the Victorian Labor Party President, Arthur Calwell, persuaded Dunstan to break off the coalition with Argyle and form a minority Country Party government, which Labor would support in return for some policy concessions. Dunstan agreed to the deal and, in April 1935, he moved a successful no confidence vote in the government from which he had just resigned.
The UAP (and later its successor the Liberal Party) never forgave the Country Party for that treachery. Henry Bolte, later Victoria's longest-serving Premier, was 27 in 1935, and Dunstan's betrayal of Argyle lay behind his lifelong intense dislike of the Country Party, whom he called "political prostitutes". Argyle remained in politics as Leader of the Opposition until his death in 1940.
In 1926, 1929 and 1939 Argyle attempted to pass a Mental Deficiency Bill which would charge and possibly kill sectors of the population such as homosexuals, those with smaller heads and Aboriginal Australians as they were deemed to be racially inferior. It was passed unanimously in 1939 but was not enacted after the change in opinion caused by the Nazi Holocaust.
Personal life
Argyle married Violet Ellen Jessie Lewis of "Spring Grove", Cotham Road, Kew at Holy Trinity Church, Kew on 24 January 1895. They had two sons and two daughters; the first of their children, Inez, was born on 2 November 1895. The next, Bessie Abbott, was born on 26 March 1897. Their elder son, Thomas Milner Stanley, was born on 11 October 1899; the younger, Hector Stanley, was born on 2 October 1901. The Argyles lived at Kew until 1919 when they purchased a property, "Halstead", at 29 Bruce Street, Toorak. In 1933, that house was demolished and a new one built to the design of architect Marcus Martin. After the death of her husband, Lady Argyle moved to Perth to be near her son Tom and his family. She died in Perth in 1963 at the age of 94. By that time, three of her four children were living in Perth.
Stanley Argyle was a cousin of the British judge Michael Argyle.
Notes
References
Bibliography
Geoff Browne, A Biographical Register of the Victorian Parliament, 1900–84, Government Printer, Melbourne, 1985
Don Garden, Victoria: A History, Thomas Nelson, Melbourne, 1984
Kate White, John Cain and Victorian Labour 1917–1957, Hale and Iremonger, Sydney, 1982
Raymond Wright, A People's Counsel. A History of the Parliament of Victoria, 1856–1990, Oxford University Press, Melbourne, 1992
|-
1867 births
1940 deaths
People educated at Brighton Grammar School
People educated at Trinity College (University of Melbourne)
Melbourne Medical School alumni
Alumni of King's College London
Premiers of Victoria
Australian Knights Commander of the Order of the British Empire
United Australia Party members of the Parliament of Victoria
Members of the Victorian Legislative Assembly
Ministers for Health (Victoria)
Chief Secretaries of Victoria
Treasurers of Victoria
Australian radiologists
Medical doctors from Melbourne
Australian military doctors
Politicians from Melbourne
Leaders of the Opposition in Victoria (state)
People from Kyneton | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanley%20Argyle |
Verdon College is a co-educational Roman Catholic high school in Invercargill, New Zealand, teaching students from year 7 to 13 (ages 11–18). The College is named after Bishop Michael Verdon (1838–1918) who was the second Catholic Bishop of Dunedin (1896–1918). It has the highest rate of achievement in NCEA results for secondary schools in Invercargill city.
In 2022, 91.9% of Year 11 students achieved NCEA Level 1, 82.9% of Year 12 students achieved NCEA Level 2, and 52.3% of Year 13 students achieved NCEA Level 3. In 2022, 19 students were given at least one Vocational Pathway Award.
History
Verdon College is a co-educational Catholic secondary school, established in 1982 through the 1981 amalgamation of St Catherine's College (a single-sex high school for girls operated by the Dominican Sisters) and Marist College (single-sex high school for boys operated by the Marist Brothers).
The Marist College site (which became Verdon College) was built on former farmland at the eastern boundary of Invercargill and opened in 1969. The new combined Catholic high school was named after Bishop Verdon. Due the school's growth parts of the school are located on what used to be Cargill High and Te Wharekura o Arowhenua.
St Catherine's College dates back to 1882.
Aerial Imagery
These images are of the Marist College now Verdon College site.
Bishop Verdon Block
In the mid-2000s, Verdon college acquired a gymnasium and a full-sized S68 design classroom block on the site of the former Cargill High School. A multimillion-dollar refurbishment of the acquired classroom block was completed in 2008 and named the Bishop Verdon Block, mainly for the year seven and eight students. It also contains two computer suites, a library, a science laboratory, and a study atrium.
Roll
As at 1 July 2022, the college has a current roll of 704 students. The school's ethnic composition contained NZ European/Pākehā 52%, Māori 28%, Pasifika 5.5%, Asian 13.3% and other ethnicities including MELAA1.2%. Verdon has a higher proportion of Māori, Pasifika and Asian students than the overall composition of the Southland region.
The college offers a broad range of educational opportunities for student achievement in the areas of sport and culture as well as a diverse academic curriculum.
Cultural Activities
Bishop's Shield – Inter-school debating, scripture reading, public speaking and drama. They compete against the other Catholic schools in the Dunedin Diocese: St. Kevin's, Oamaru, Kavanagh College, Dunedin, and St Peter's College, Gore.
Inter-house Choir – Houses compete to win house points by performing a set song, as well as a song of their choice.
Inter-house Drama – Competitions are held each year for the best drama performance from each house, with house points going to the winning house.
Inter-house Haka – Each house performs the school haka, as well as a set song and a chosen waiata for house points. The 2022 competition is available to watch here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mFQPZ3ybdnI
Inter-house Lip Sync – Junior (year 7–10) students from each house choreograph and perform a dance routine to a song of their choice. As the competition is held in the second last week of the Junior school year, the winning performers house receives house points that are carried onto the next year.
Music Festival – Students compete in various junior/senior categories including: vocals, instrumental and group.
Production –
Back to the 80s (musical) was performed in 2017.
Saturday Night Fever (musical) was performed in 2018.
All Shook Up (musical) was performed in 2019.
School of Rock (musical) was to be performed in 2020, however due to the impact of COVID-19 the production was performed in 2021.
In 2022, a mash-up of previous productions and other famous Broadway musicals such as Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat were performed.
Annie Jr was performed in 2023.
Sheilah Winn Shakespeare Festival – Each year, a number of students are selected to perform in the regional competition (Southland) against other schools in the area.
Other regional and national competitions that students compete in are:
Chamber Music Festival
ILT Southland Secondary Schools' Jazz Fest
Rock Quest
Sound Quest
Southern Jam Youth Jazz Festival
Sport
Sporting activities
House Athletics Day – Interhouse athletics competition where houses compete for house points.
Southland-Wide Under 18 Competition – Verdon competes with other Southland secondary school First XV rugby teams in a competition spanning from April until August. Notable competition wins include the 2012 in which Verdon beat St Peter's College 15–12 in the final.
New Zealand Secondary Schools Netball – The Verdon Senior A Netball team are regular participants at the New Zealand Secondary Schools Netball competition and have won the nationwide tournament twice.
Quad Tournament – Verdon competes in an annual tournament weekend with St Peter's College, Kavanagh College, St Kevin's College and Roncalli College. Verdon has yet to have won a tournament weekend so far. There are both senior and junior tournaments, both at opposite ends of the winter season.
Swimming sports – Every year, students compete in various water sports for house points.
Year 12 vs Year 13 Rugby League – Each year, the two year groups battle for the unofficial title of the winners of the League Cup. This event is organised by the students.
Sports offered at the college
Verdon offers many sporting opportunities for the students, such as:
Badminton
Basketball
Cricket
Cycling
Dance
Football
Futsal
Hockey
Indoor Bowls
Netball
Rugby
Softball
Squash
Volleyball
Waterpolo
Notable students
Ex-pupils of Verdon College or its predecessor schools, St Catherine's College and Marist College.
Dion Bates – Current Southland Stags rugby union player.
Dan Buckingham – Olympic Paralympian athlete.
John Burke (born 1946) – former mayor of Porirua City (Marist)
Colin Campbell (born 1941) - Roman Catholic Bishop of Dunedin (2004–2018) (Marist)
Dan Davin (1913-1990) – soldier, writer, publisher (Marist)
Aliyah Dunn – New Zealand netball international
Wendy Frew – New Zealand netball international
Jess Hamill – New Zealand Paralympics competitor and Commonwealth Games shot put silver medalist.
Te Huinga Reo Selby-Rickit – New Zealand netball international
Tom Scully – Professional cyclist.
Douglas Sekone-Fraser – 2009 New Zealand Weightlifting Champion, Silver and Bronze in 2011 for the New Zealand Weightlifting Championships and 16th in the Junior World Championships.
Hua Tamariki – rugby union player
Notes
1.MELAA is defined by Statistics New Zealand as Middle Eastern, Latin American and African.
References
Sources
Pat Gallager, The Marist Brothers in New Zealand Fiji & Samoa 1876–1976, New Zealand Marist Brothers' Trust Board, Tuakau, 1976.
Educational institutions established in 1982
Schools in Invercargill
Catholic secondary schools in New Zealand
Secondary schools in Southland, New Zealand
1982 establishments in New Zealand | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verdon%20College |
"This Is Love" is a song by English rock musician George Harrison that was released on his 1987 album Cloud Nine. Harrison co-wrote the song with Jeff Lynne, who also co-produced the track. In June 1988, it was issued as the third single from Cloud Nine, peaking at number 55 on the UK Singles Chart.
The original B-side for the single was going to be "Handle with Care", a collaboration between Harrison, Lynne, Roy Orbison and Tom Petty recorded at Bob Dylan's studio in Santa Monica, California. When executives at Harrison's distributor Warner Bros. Records heard the track, they decided it was too good to be released as single "filler", a decision that resulted in the formation of the Traveling Wilburys, and the album Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1, with "Handle with Care" as the lead track and single.
Steve Wood and Daniel May composed music to the 1998 IMAX documentary film Everest incorporating melodies from some of Harrison's songs, one of which was "This Is Love". Harrison's Cloud Nine recording also appeared on his 2009 compilation Let It Roll: Songs by George Harrison.
Reception
Cash Box called it a "terrifically hooky little tune for George and co-writer/producer Jeff Lynne to shine on" and praised the song's dynamics.
Promotional video
In March 1988, Harrison filmed a promotional video for "This Is Love" in Hana, on the Hawaiian island of Maui, where he had a holiday property. It was directed by Morton Jankel and production was credited to the A+R Group.
The clip begins with various shots of a tropical beach. It then cuts to Harrison playing his guitar and singing the song while standing on a rocky shore surrounded by breaking waves. The camera moves in for a close up of Harrison's face as he sings and a shot of the guitar strings. The scene behind him changes back and forth from tropical vegetation to the rocky shore as he continues to sing and play. He throws up the guitar and catches it. The scene changes to a family picnic where Harrison is welcomed while the song continues to play. Among other people, the picnic sequence shows Harrison's wife, Olivia, and her father, playing a violin. The scenes shift again, and finally Harrison picks up his guitar and walks away. The video ends with a shot of him and the guitar against a tropical landscape.
The film was rarely shown at the time, but in 2004 it appeared on Harrison's Dark Horse Years 1976–1992 DVD, which was available as part of the similarly titled box set and as a standalone release. In his review of the box set, for The Guardian, James Griffiths admired the videos for challenging Harrison's reputation as a musician disinterested in pop stardom and said that, in "This Is Love", "he comes on like a denim-clad, late 80s MTV rock god, posing on a rocky outcrop while the sea lashes around him."
Personnel
George Harrison – vocals, slide guitar
Jeff Lynne – backing vocals, bass, rhythm guitar, keyboard
Jim Keltner – drums
Ray Cooper – tambourine
Track listings
"This Is Love"
"Breath Away from Heaven"
"All Those Years Ago" (12" and CD only)
"Hong Kong Blues" (CD only)
References
External links
George Harrison - "This Is Love" video from YouTube
1988 singles
George Harrison songs
Song recordings produced by Jeff Lynne
Songs written by George Harrison
Songs written by Jeff Lynne
Song recordings produced by George Harrison
1987 songs
Music published by Oops Publishing and Ganga Publishing, B.V.
Dark Horse Records singles
fr:This Is Love | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/This%20Is%20Love%20%28George%20Harrison%20song%29 |
Australia has named a senior Australian Football team, known as the All-Australian team since 1947. This team, however has never officially played an international Australian rules football match. This is primarily because the sport is played professionally in Australia.
It has previously sent teams to play against Ireland's amateur Gaelic Athletic Association in the hybrid code of International Rules Football as the Australia international rules football team (this article is not about that team).
While the All-Australian team does not compete, the AFL National Academy (known simply as the "AFL Academy") is a national team composed of underage (under-19) players. In the past it has played annual matches against New Zealand, though currently it competes only against semi-professional state league teams. History has shown that more than two thirds of Academy players go on to professional careers at senior level in the Australian Football League.
Australia also has a history of fielding Australian Football sides both officially and unofficially recognised to compete at amateur and junior levels tours against national sides from other countries including New Zealand, South Africa, Papua New Guinea, the United States, as well as a combined side representing all of Europe. In addition, sides representing Indigenous Australia have competed internationally, including the Indigenous All-Stars against Papua New Guinea and the Flying Boomerangs.
High-profile representatives include AFL Brownlow medallists Chris Judd, Patrick Dangerfield, Adam Cooney, several AFL club captains including Luke Hodge, Travis Boak, Trent Cotchin, Jack Viney, Jarryd Roughead, Shannon Hurn, Jarrad McVeigh, Marc Murphy, Joel Selwood, Steven May, Jack Ziebell, other AFL greats including Cyril Rioli, Brett Deledio and numerous All-Australian players.
Australia remains undefeated, although Papua New Guinea came within two goals of a historic win at Football Park in 1978 and New Zealand within a goal at Wellington Stadium in 2014.
History
Early in the spread of football codes across the globe, international tours and tests played a pivotal role. However, from the sport's early days, although plans were tabled for tours to England, various leagues had lacked the resources and organisation to send tours overseas. H C A Harrison "Father of Australian Football" was a supporter of the idea of international matches against England and New Zealand, and in London in 1884, pitched playing under compromise rules, however the idea was rejected. The idea was made more difficult as prior to the Federation of Australia the Australian colonies could still not reach a consensus on the idea of fielding a national side.
Some teams did however tour and played matches in Australia against Australian sides, notably in 1888 and 1889, the British & Irish Lions and New Zealand Native team played matches against clubs in Australia but no recognised international tests. These tours were conditional on Australian leagues playing some matches under rugby rules to keep the competition fair. Generally games were won by the teams playing their own code and this led to the perception that the codes were by now too dissimilar for such matches to continue. Unlike the football codes with less players sending squads of 18 to 22 players on international tours would prove to be an expensive exercise and sharing the costs across multiple colonies would prove much more difficult than, for example, New South Wales sending a national rugby team.
Australasian Football Council rejects international matches
It wasn't until the formation of the national body, the Australasian Football Council in 1906 that the opportunity presented itself for funding and organisation for a national team. However representatives of the two strongest leagues, the Victorian Football League and South Australian Football League, in an effort to protect their primacy in Australia, lobbied the council to form a strict policy discouraging the game from being played overseas. Through the council they allocated all funds to interstate representation, and none to international representation. The policy was boosted by a wave of post-Federation Australian nationalism. In 1906 the council's official policy became "one flag, one destiny, one football game" and chose to play all matches under an Australian flag, on Australian turf with an Australian manufactured ball. The first request for international tour came in 1906 from Australian rules football in South Africa, the AFC therefore replied that if it wanted to play against Australia, it would have to send a team to Australia. This was to become the council's default stance. New Zealand had only one representative on the council, and faced opposition from most of the Australian colonies. Though it was given permission to send a side to the 1908 Melbourne Carnival (which defeated Queensland and New South Wales) the AFC never fielded a national team against them. Subsequent calls from overseas for Australia to send teams to the United States (1909), New Zealand (1910), Japan (1910) and Canada (1912) were all rejected by the AFC.
West Australian Football League supports unsanctioned tours
Western Australia through the West Australian Football League and its junior Young Australia League organised unsanctioned tours of the US by Australian junior representative teams between 1911 and 1919 reciprocating young American tours of Australia from 1909, resulting in the first international match between the two countries in 1911 (though the teams were composed mostly of West Australians) and helping establish Australian rules football in the United States. For a country with less than a thousand players, USA's junior athletes proved highly competitive against the Australian sides. In 1912, Canada sent a junior touring side to Australia, however the tour was not recognised by the AFC and as such no composite Australian representative side was fielded against them. With the rapid growth in the United States, the AFC's delegate from Western Australia strongly argued for sanctioned tours to both the United States and Canada, however the governing body elected not to. The result was that most competitions outside Australia went into permanent recess by the end of the 1920s. In contrast, the top leagues in Australia were going professional and a widening gap in interstate representative matches would make it almost impossible for other countries to compete.
Australian Football World Tour and International Rules
In the 1960s, the focus would shift. A promotional tour, known as the Australian Football World Tour, took place in 1967, with matches played in Ireland, the United Kingdom, and the United States, though without any local players no international matches of Australian rules were played. This resulted in the first International Rules matches played between Australia and a touring County Meath Gaelic football team, Meath being the reigning All-Ireland senior football champions. The national side was known as the "Galahs". Ireland would maintain the VFL's primary international focus (especially given its ongoing Irish Experiment recruiting initiative) through to the 21st century. Though it was not officially endorsed by the AFC, support for the idea was continued by the VFL/AFL and later Australian Amateur Football Council.
1970s: First international matches
In the 1960s and 1970s, Australian rules was unexpectedly booming in the Pacific in Papua New Guinea and Nauru. While Nauru had been soundly defeated by PNG it was considered far too small a nation to field a competitive side against Australia. Papua New Guinea however with tens of thousands of players to draw from, had a fast moving and hard hitting side that was competitive against some of the VFL's strongest clubs, and was extremely determined to compete against Australia. In 1977 a Victorian U17 team travelled to Port Moresby and were almost defeated. PNG persevered and in 1978 sent a team to Adelaide, and in a historic match came close to beating Australia. However the Australian National Football Council withdrew its promise to admit PNG as a voting member, along with senior funding and plans to tour Papua New Guinea and the local competitions soon collapsed. This was in part due to the country's national sporting body withdrawing funding due to a lack of international competition. In turn this also left Australia with no opponent.
International Cup and IAFC
When the International Australian Football Council was formed in 1995 one of its aims was to 'establish and promote an official World Cup of Australian Football'. The initial proposal was for similar eligibility criteria to other football codes which would mean that it could draw the significant pool of Australians born overseas or with a parent or grandparent from the country they chose to represent. This would in turn reduce the logistical and financial burden on overseas clubs who would send their best players to top up the squads. At the time it was thought that 2008, being the 150th anniversary of the game, was the appropriate date. The idea of Australia eventually entering an amateur side was first proposed. In 1999 a proposal was received from the New Zealand Australian Football League (NZAFL), suggesting that the World Cup be brought forward to 2002.
An approach was then made to the national body, the AFL, asking for their support in staging the event. The AFL agreed on the basis that the event was renamed the "International Cup", that an Australian side would not compete and that there be strict eligibility criteria to exclude Australian players. In 2004, the AFL formed its own International Policy, pushed for the dissolution of the IAFC to became formally recognised as the world governing body for the sport. It took the International Cup over and put it under its development arm. The idea of an Australian team, even a development or amateur one, participating in the tournament was dismissed.
AIS-AFL Academy and South Africa tours (2007-2010)
Australia did not compete internationally at any recognised level until the AFL Commission in 1998 formed a 10-year partnership with the Australian Sports Commission (ASC) and the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS), the AIS-AFL Academy, with national sports funding. The AFL Commission had been working towards Australian Institute of Sport recognition as early as 1982, which was made more difficult by not having significant matches played in Canberra or international competition, however the commission believed that expanding into a national competition was the best way to gain national recognition. The AIS junior development funding was contingent on international competition, which the AFL was able to satisfy through a junior International Rules Series against Ireland. The AIS funded scholarships to 30 17 year old players for a year based on their football performance as a 16 year old, their positive attitude to education and schooling and potential to play at professional AFL level. However, with the GAA cancelling both the senior and junior series in 2006, the AFL had to find another opponent in order to continue to receive national sports funding. which it sought to capitalise on burgeoning Australian investment in Australian rules football in South Africa. Following some highly unevenly matched contests, the gap between the two countries drew comments from AFL CEO Andrew Demetriou the South Africans would be better suited to playing a game with a round ball (referring to International Rules but possibly also soccer). In 2011, the program expanded to include two squads however the AFL abandoned the South African program and sent a side on tour to Europe to play against a combined side. The Australian Institute of Sport withdrew from the partnership in 2013 to focus on Olympics recognised sports. The National Australia Bank extended its Australian Football sponsorship to the AFL Academy to fill the gap left by the AIS.
AFL push into New Zealand and Europe (2012-2018)
The AFL's partnership in New Zealand with Wellington Regional Stadium helped fill the gap left by the AIS and it began playing its development team against an open aged NZ sides in 2012. Competing as the AFL Academy (or Australia U17) an annual series of tours was established against New Zealand as part of a junior development pathway with AFL New Zealand. The AFL also sent tours to Europe in 2013 and 2014 to compete against a combined AFL Europe side known as the European Legion. The AFL also set up International Combines in Europe and New Zealand from which some of the athletes participated as the Academy's opposition.
New Zealand matches were later extended to include women's matches however COVID-19 pandemic put international matches on hold.
Academy national team disbanded (2018)
At the end of 2018, the AFL put an end to overseas tours for its AFL Academy, which meant that international sides would once again require to travel to Australia to compete. Unable to secure nationals sports funding the AFL also restructured the AFL Academy into state-based academies, diverting funding intended for overseas tours into academies featuring its clubs in developing states of New South Wales and Queensland.
Academy team matches against state league teams (2019-present)
Since 2019 the state-based academies have formed the basis of the AFL National Academy teams for boys and girls, made up of primarily players in the under-18 age bracket. The boys team have played once-a-year fixtures against teams from the Victorian Football League and South Australian National Football League, while the girls have competed against combined under-23 state teams. Both teams undertake regular training and high-development camps, as well as partake in yearly formal matches against opposition.
Matches
Notable matches include:
Squads
2019 (U17)
Taj Schofield; Nathan O'Driscoll; Brandon Walker; Zane Trew; Logan McDonald; Denver Grainger-Barras; Will Phillips; Connor Downie; Campbell Edwardes; Nikolas Cox; Tanner Bruhn; Oliver Henry; Elijah Hollands; Ethan Baxter; Jamarra Ugle-Hagan; Oliver Davis; Sam Collins; Jackson Callow; Corey Durdin; Zachary Dumesny; Jye Sinderberry; Luke Edwards; Kaine Baldwin; Riley Thilthorpe; Alex Davies; Errol Gulden; Braeden Campbell
2018 (U17)
Kysaiah Pickett; Rhai Arn Cox; Connor Budarick; Caleb Serong; Jack Mohony; Matthew Rowell; Hewago Paul-Oea; Deven Robertson; Cameron Taheny; Dylan Stephens; Sam Flanders; Hayden Young; Dylan Williams; Cooper Stephens; Noah Anderson; Joshua Rayner; Jamieson Rossiter; Brodie Kemp; Liam Delahunty; Fischer McAsey; Emerson Jeka; Mitch O'Neill; Anthony Davis; Jack Buller; Andrew Courtney
2017 (U17)
Ruben Flinn, Jackson Hately, Jack Lukosius, Hugo Munn, Izak Rankine, Connor Rozee, Luke Valente, Jack Bytel, Max King, Ben King, Rhylee West, Buku Khamis, Zane Barzen, Jye Caldwell, Sam Fletcher, Hudson Garoni, Sam Walsh, Ajak Dang, Jason Carter, Ian Hill, Tom Joyce, Sydney Stack, Chayce Jones, Tarryn Thomas, Nick Blakey, Matthew Walker, Bailey Scott, Michael Mummery
2016 (U17)
2014/15 (U17)
Zachary Sproule, Kobe Mutch, Will Setterfield, Harrison Macreadie, Matthew Scharenberg, Jack Graham, Steven Slimming, Jack Bowes, Brad Scheer, Jacob Allison, Curtis Marsden, Jarrod Berry, Will Brodie, Ben Ainsworth, Jarrod Korewha, Jordan Galluci, Jack Scrimshaw, Noah Hura, Sam Petrevski-Seton, Sam Powell-Pepper, Jeremy Goddard, Luke Strnadica, Joshua Rotham, Ben McGuinness, Brandon Parfitt
2013 (U17)
Isaac Heeney, Sam Durdin, Lachlan Weller, Liam Dawson, Matthew Hammelmann, Jaden McGrath, Tom Lamb, Hugh Goddard, Liam Duggan, Angus Brayshaw, Jake Lever, Darcy Moore, Peter Wright, Jarrod Pickett, Clem Smith, Bradley Walsh, Nakia Cockatoo, Duom Dawam, Liam Griffiths, Nicholas Coughlan, Jack Donkersley, Mac Bower, Bohdi Walker, Daniel Caprion, Jesse Watchman, Peter Spurling, Ryan Lim, Jermaine Miller-Lewis, Matthew Ah Siu, Warrick Wilson
2012 (U17)
Jack Billings, Luke McDonald, Billy Hartung, Jesse Hogan, James Aish, Ben Lennon, Luke Dunstan, Matt Scharenberg, Jack Martin, Dallas Willsmore Clayton McCartney, Dylan Loo, Cain Tickner, Sam Garstone
References
National Australian rules football teams
Australian rules football in Australia
Men's national sports teams of Australia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia%20national%20Australian%20rules%20football%20team |
The Billy Goat Trail is a hiking trail that follows a path between the C&O Canal and the Potomac River within the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historical Park near the Great Falls in Montgomery County, Maryland. The trail has three sections: Section A, the northernmost, is ; Section B is ; and Section C, the southernmost, is
Description
The Billy Goat Trail was laid out by the YMCA Triangle Club in 1919.
Section A of the trail, by far the most popular, is on Bear Island and traverses rough and rocky terrain, including a steep climb along a cliff face along the Potomac River's Mather Gorge. At another point in the trail, hikers are required to scramble over and around huge boulders. Sections B and C are less strenuous; section B requires only one brief scramble, and section C has none. Most of the trail is well marked with light blue trail blazes.
Currently, Section B is closed due to trail damage.
Section A is best accessed from the Great Falls Tavern Visitor Center. Section B and Section C are best accessed from the Carderock Recreation Area. All sections of the trail are free, although an entrance fee ($20 per car in 2021) is charged when entering and parking near the Great Falls Tavern Visitor Center. No fee is charged when parking near Carderock. Dogs are not allowed on Section A, nor on Olmsted Island (location of the Great Falls overlook), but are permitted on a leash at all times everywhere else in the park. It takes about 2 1/2 hours to walk the Section A loop from the parking lot.
The three sections of the trail do not directly connect with each other, but are connected to each other by the towpath along the C&O Canal. The end point of section C is about southeast along the towpath from the starting point of section A.
Section A gallery
Pictures are approximately upstream to downstream on the trail.
Section B gallery
Section C gallery
References
External links
Great Falls Trail Descriptions (PDF) from the National Park Service website
Great Falls Trail Map (PDF), Page 1 and Page 2 from the National Park Service website
The Washington Post. City Guide: Billy Goat Trail
Protected areas of Montgomery County, Maryland
Hiking trails in Maryland
National Park Service areas in Maryland
Protected areas established in 1919
1919 establishments in Maryland
Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historical Park | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy%20Goat%20Trail |
Podlehnik (; ) is a settlement in the Haloze Hills in eastern Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Podlehnik. The area traditionally belonged to the region of Styria. It is now included in the Drava Statistical Region.
Name
Podlehnik was attested in historical sources as Lihteneck and Leichtenekke in 1259–1260, as Lihtneck in 1297, and as Liehtneck in 1308, among other variants. The Slovene name is a fused prepositional phrase that has lost case inflection: pod 'under' + Lehnik, referring to the location of the village below Lehnik Castle. The name of the castle () is a compound from Middle High German lieht 'light, bright' + egge 'hill, peak', thus meaning 'castle on a bright/sunny hill'. The Slovene change of the ending from -negg to -nik is an example of folk etymology based on analogy with many other toponyms ending in -nik.
History
The settlement developed around 13th-century Lehnik Castle. The castle was destroyed during Ottoman raids in 1532 and very few traces of it remain (foundations of a tower and a defense ditch). What was originally the castle chapel is now the local church, dedicated to the Virgin Mary, and was expanded in the 16th and 18th centuries.
References
External links
Podlehnik on Geopedia
Populated places in the Municipality of Podlehnik | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podlehnik |
Complimentary may refer to:
Compliment (disambiguation)
Complimentary language and gender
Free of charge
See also
Complementary (disambiguation) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complimentary |
Podvelka () is a village in northeastern Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Podvelka. It lies in the traditional region of Styria, but belongs to the Carinthia Statistical Region. The settlement is situated on the right bank of the Drava River on the railway line from Maribor to Dravograd.
References
External links
Podvelka on Geopedia
Populated places in the Municipality of Podvelka | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podvelka |
"Make Me Pure" is a song by British pop singer Robbie Williams, released as the second single from his album Intensive Care in late 2005. It was written by Robbie Williams, Stephen Duffy, and Chris Heath. It was first released in New Zealand and Australia as a promotional single intended to advertise the album. A video was shot with Williams performing in a garage, however, its performance was poor with focus on Williams' debut single "Tripping" from that album. It was featured on physical copies of the single "Tripping". A physical CD single was released exclusively in Mexico.
Background
The song deals with Williams asking God to make him pure—later in his life. The chorus is a translation of a line of Saint Augustine of Hippo, Da mihi castitatem et continentiam, sed noli modo!
Chart performance
"Make Me Pure" reached number-fifteen in the Netherlands, although it had never been released as a single. Due to airplay of the B-side song of the single "Tripping", it reached the Dutch Top 40 while "Tripping" and "Advertising Space" were also Top 40 hits. In Mexico, the song was released between "Advertising Space" and "Sin Sin Sin" to fill the gap left between these singles. The song was very popular on radio, reaching number twenty-seven; although video airplay was not very strong, the track reached number-nineteen on the Digital Sales chart.
Track listing
"Make Me Pure" – 4:34
"Make Me Pure" (acoustic version) – 3:53
"Tripping" (video)
Video clips and photo gallery
Charts
References
2005 singles
Robbie Williams songs
Songs written by Stephen Duffy
Rock ballads
Songs written by Chris Heath
Songs written by Robbie Williams
2005 songs
EMI Records singles | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Make%20Me%20Pure |
Polzela () is a settlement in Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Polzela. It lies on the left bank of the Savinja River extending into the Ložnica Hills () to the north. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region.
Buildings
On a hill in the centre of the settlement is Komenda Castle, a 13th-century castle used in later centuries by the Knights Hospitaller and greatly rebuilt in the 19th century. A marble lion found at the castle and the Hospitallers' Maltese cross appear in the municipal coat of arms. A Late Baroque mansion dating to the late 18th century known as Šenek Mansion with a chapel dedicated to Saint Florian and its surrounding park to the northeast of the settlement is one of the municipality's major landmarks. The parish church in the settlement is dedicated to Saint Margaret () and belongs to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Celje. It was first mentioned in written documents dating to the 13th century and the core of its nave is still the original Romanesque building with 18th-century extensions and a 15th-century belfry.
References
External links
Polzela on Geopedia
Populated places in the Municipality of Polzela | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polzela |
Preddvor (; ) is a town in Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Preddvor.
Name
The settlement was first attested in written sources in 1147 as Niwenhouen (literally, 'new manor') and as Neunhouen in 1238 and Vorm hoff (literally, 'in front of the manor') in 1488. The Slovene name Preddvor is a fused prepositional phrase that has lost its case inflection, from pred 'in front of' + dvor 'manor'. In the past the German name was Höflein.
Mass grave
Preddvor is the site of a mass grave associated with the Second World War. The Danica Mansion Mass Grave () is located between the Danica Mansion and Lake Črnava, near the third light post from the lake. Human remains were unearthed here during excavation work in 1970. The remainder of the work avoided the area.
Preddvor Castle
Preddvor Castle (), also known as the Wurzbach Manor (), stands in the middle of the town. It was first mentioned in written sources in 1147, when it was granted to Viktring Abbey by Berthold II. It was taken over by Stična Abbey in 1608, which used it as a recuperation facility for ill and elderly monks. It was then purchased by the Wurzbach family; the physician Arthur Wurzbach sold the castle's land and farm buildings, and converted the building for tourism in 1920. It was sold again in 1936 and converted into a sanatorium with the name Hotel Grintavec. During the Second World War, the castle was used by the German military and police. In 1945 it served as a collection center for children from Bosnia, and in 1947 as a juvenile correction facility. After this it fell into disrepair.
Church
The church in Preddvor is dedicated to Saint Peter. It dates from the mid-18th century and contains a painting of the Last Supper by Janez Wolf (1825–1884) and frescoes by Matija Bradaška (1852–1915). The chapel in front of the church has paintings by Leopold Layer (1752–1828).
References
External links
Preddvor on Geopedia
Populated places in the Municipality of Preddvor | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preddvor |
The black-fronted duiker (Cephalophus nigrifrons) is a small antelope found in central and west-central Africa.
Description
The black-fronted duiker is a compact, short-necked, and active antelope that gets its name from the broad black streak that runs from the nose to its forehead, a feature distinguishing it from its congeners. It has a glossy coat that is deep reddish-mahogany to a lighter orange-chestnut in colour, the hair becoming sparser and darker on the long legs. It has a short tail that is black with a white tip and short, pointed horns, measuring 4–12 cm, which are carried by both sexes and are used for defense against other duikers and predators. Their elongated hooves appear to be an adaptation to the wet habitats they seem to prefer. It weighs and has a shoulder height of .
Distribution
The black-fronted duiker is found in central and west-central Africa, with an isolated population in the Niger Delta in eastern Nigeria and then from southern Cameroon east to western Kenya and south to northern Angola.
Habitat
The black-fronted duiker occurs in montane, lowland, and swamp forests, from near sea level up to an altitude of 3,500 metres. It is frequently recorded in wetter areas such as marshes or on the margins of rivers or streams.
Habits
The black-fronted duiker is territorial and monogamous, each pair owning a territory that it defends against neighbours and is marked using the secretions of the facial glands. The pair have habitual paths within their territory that connect sleeping sites with feeding areas and allow them to be active during both day and night. They are mainly browsers but will also feed on fruit.
Subspecies
The currently recognised subspecies are:
Cephalophus nigrifrons fosteri St. Leger, 1934
Cephalophus nigrifrons hooki St. Leger, 1934
Cephalophus nigrifrons hypoxanthus Grubb and Groves, 2002
Cephalophus nigrifrons kivuensis Lönnberg, 1919
Cephalophus nigrifrons nigrifrons Gray, 1871 .
Cephalophus nigrifrons rubidus Thomas, 1901: Ruwenzori duiker
References
External links
black-fronted duiker
Fauna of Central Africa
black-fronted duiker
black-fronted duiker
Taxobox binomials not recognized by IUCN | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black-fronted%20duiker |
Purple City may refer to:
Purple City Productions, a Harlem-based rap crew
Purple City Music Festival, a music festival in Edmonton, Alberta
"Purple City", a local custom at the Alberta Legislature Building, in Edmonton, Canada | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purple%20City |
LeechModem was a BBS file transfer protocol client. LeechModem was compatible with protocols like XMODEM (and YMODEM), but it would mischievously NAK the last packet and then abort the file transfer. The user had successfully downloaded the file, but the BBS would mistakenly not count the aborted file transfer against the user's download quota. The user would need to know and input the filesize before the transfer so the client would know when to abort.
Leech-modem was designed by Sam Brown. Leech ZMODEM was suggested by Sam Brown but written by a long lost friend in Atlanta, GA. Leech ZMODEM was a LeechModem variant that was compatible with the faster ZMODEM streaming file-transfer protocol.
Subsequent versions of Leech ZMODEM were authored by Sam Brown. LeechModem was used successfully for 2-3 years by a small group of people centered in the 408 area code and 203 area code. It was not until the LeechModem software was leaked that it was discovered and counter-measures were built into BBS software. Emulex/2 was the first BBS software to support Anti-LeechModem technology. This was because Sam Brown wrote Emulex/2 BBS software as well. A common method was rounding the file size to the nearest kilobyte, causing the user to be unaware of the exact file size, rendering Leechmodem unusable.
See also
Leech (computing)
BBS file transfer protocols | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LeechModem |
The Municipality of Radlje ob Dravi (; ) is a municipality in Slovenia. It lies in the traditional region of Styria, but belongs to the Carinthia Statistical Region. The seat of the municipality is the town of Radlje ob Dravi.
Settlements
In addition to the municipal seat of Radlje ob Dravi, the municipality also includes the following settlements:
Brezni Vrh
Dobrava
Radelca
Remšnik
Šent Janž pri Radljah
Spodnja Orlica
Spodnja Vižinga
Sveti Anton na Pohorju
Sveti Trije Kralji
Vas
Vuhred
Zgornja Vižinga
Zgornji Kozji Vrh
References
External links
Municipality of Radlje ob Dravi on Geopedia
Municipality of Radlje ob Dravi website
Radlje ob Dravi
1994 establishments in Slovenia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municipality%20of%20Radlje%20ob%20Dravi |
Secret Cutting (also known as Painful Secrets) is a 2000 television film directed by Norma Bailey, starring Kimberlee Peterson and Rhea Perlman, about a self-harming teenager and her relation with family, friends and acquaintances. The story of the film is based on the novel The Luckiest Girl in the World, which was written by Steven Levenkron.
The film aired on the USA Network.
Plot
Dawn Cottrell (Kimberlee Peterson) is an artistically gifted teenager who is bullied by the popular clique in school and unable to assert any control over her life at home. Dawn's emotionally distant father, Russell (Robert Wisden), pressures her to do well in school in order to earn a scholarship, as he can't afford to send her to college. Her self-centered mother, Joyce (Sean Young), is dissatisfied both with her husband's passivity and lack of attention and the disrespect Dawn's younger brother shows her.
Dawn has no real friends at school, and her older boyfriend, Craig, a 19 year old musician, has no interest in her beyond how she can satisfy him physically. Using math problems as an excuse to get advice from her father about Craig's lack of communication, Russell is unable to handle any sort of emotional intimacy. Joyce, on the other hand, is incapable of discussing anything without making herself the focus.
Chosen to design the winter carnival theme, Dawn is mocked for her theme choices. The popular girls victimize and act maliciously towards her, pressuring her to create a "perfect" event. After a series of humiliations in front of an oblivious Joyce and unable to express extreme emotions outwardly, Dawn resorts to self-injury; the physical pain acts as a release from her emotional pain. Her actions are discovered by Lorraine, another social outsider in the high school with whom she can relate. A teacher observes blood on Dawn's blouse from her cut wrist, and the principal calls her parents to the school.
Humiliated after being told Dawn has other injuries and that this cannot happen again on school grounds without action being taken, Joyce once again refocuses the situation on herself by insisting Dawn's actions aren't a reflection of her parenting, while Russell's sole concern is whether the incident will be on Dawn's record when she applies to college. Joyce further humiliates Dawn by forcing her to unwrap her bandage in front of her father and brother, demanding that she explain what motivates her.
Lorraine introduces Dawn to her psychiatrist, Dr. Parella (Rhea Perlman, who tells Dawn she understands the feeling of control cutting gives her and that she can contact her any time. Declaring she can deal with Dawn's cutting better than any stranger, Joyce removes all the knives from the kitchen as a punishment for Dawn's lack of control and cuts up her supper for her, which encourages her brother's contemptuous treatment of her. These new strains leave Dawn even more unable to cope. When Craig breaks up with her after he discovers a series of fresh cuts on her legs, Dawn vents to Lorraine about her fear of Craig telling other people about her cutting. Lorraine coldly tells Dawn that Craig won't tell anyone because he won't want anyone to know he had anything to do with her and that her relationship with him was just a fantasy. After trying and failing to open up to Dr. Parella, in a burst of honesty, Dawn tells her father no one likes her and she has no friends, but Russell's response is to tell her she's being ridiculous and that she'll blossom in college. This leads Dawn to burn herself so seriously with the car cigarette lighter that her parents take her to the emergency room.
Realizing there is no alternative for Dawn, her parents agree to allow her to begin counselling with Dr. Parella, who addresses her inability to express emotional pain through verbal channels. Joyce, despairing that Dawn will cut too deep one day, shares with her that when she was a child, her younger sister was hit by a car while in her care. When Dawn is moved, Joyce ruins the moment by declaring that she will never again be blamed for a similar loss. When Dawn is mocked the next day in school for cutting herself, she discovers that Joyce has deliberately told a parent of one of Dawn's classmates about her cutting, in the mistaken notion that peer pressure will force her to stop. She then threatens to have Dawn institutionalized if she can't stop.
Triggered by the news that her friend Lorraine has been brutally beaten by her mother's boyfriend, and by Joyce's refusal to listen to her and take her to the hospital where she is in a coma, Dawn sneaks out to Craig's loft, where his bandmates have sex with her; the next morning she brutally slashes her body and ends up in the hospital in restraints. Joyce, tired of being blamed for her daughter's condition, decides it would be better for her to simply leave. Dawn, feeling abandoned by the only person she has left, finally confronts Joyce and tells her she always makes every situation about her own well-being, and yells at her to leave. When Dr. Parella comes to visit her in the hospital afterwards, Dawn breaks down into tears, admitting that her mother's departure didn't feel as bad as she thought it would. Dr. Parella points out that if Dawn is crying, she's not cutting.
After being released, Dawn goes to visit Lorraine, who is still in the hospital recovering. Dawn tells Lorraine about her mother leaving and shows her the photos of the winter carnival sets. Lorraine then tells Dawn that it's too good for the popular kids at their school, and they needed to enjoy their fleeting popularity while they can, but their own time is just beginning.
References
External links
2000 television films
2000 films
Canadian drama television films
English-language Canadian films
2000 drama films
USA Network original films
Films based on American novels
Films directed by Norma Bailey
Films about self-harm
2000s English-language films
2000s Canadian films | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secret%20Cutting |
The Volkswagen Taro 1 tonne pickup truck was introduced in January 1989 by Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles to complement the half tonne Caddy pickup / panel van ranges, and the 1 tonne Transporter van and chassis cab ranges. The name "tarō" is a suffix used in Japanese to denote the oldest brother or son, or the first-born son of a family.
The Taro was a project of badge engineering. The Taro was a rebadged fifth generation Toyota Hilux, which was fully engineered and designed by Toyota. The two companies came together in an effort to solve each other's problems:
Volkswagen Group at the time did not have a one-tonne pickup truck.
Toyota wanted a bigger European market share of the one-tonne utility market.
History
In the late 1980s, Volkswagen Group and Toyota signed an agreement that Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles would assemble the Toyota Hilux at its VWCV factory in Hanover, Germany, and it would be sold under the Volkswagen Taro moniker.
The first Taros manufactured in Hanover, Germany, from 1989-1994 had a 2.4-litre diesel engine with , torque was at 2,400 rpm, with loading space of and a payload. The Hanover plant only built the Taro with two-wheel drive and a regular cab, although the "Volkswagen Taro" name was used for other versions imported from Japan in some European markets.
In September 1994 at the IAA Nutfahrzeuge (Commercial Vehicle Fair) in Hanover, Germany, Volkswagen released the four-wheel drive version of the Taro which had an extended cabin. The 4x4 Extended Cab Taro was manufactured in Toyota's Tahara plant in Japan, but now the Taro had an updated 2.4-litre diesel engine which produced at 4,000 rpm and torque of at 2,400 rpm. The 4x4 Taro had a loading space and payload, but could tow without brakes, and with brakes.
The joint venture ended in 1997, due to sales failing to meet either car marque's expectations.
Specifications
engine ID code, displacement, configuration and rated power output
2Y: 1.8-litre inline four OHV petrol engine with carburettor, at 4,000 rpm
4Y: 2.2-litre inline four OHV petrol engine with carburettor,
2L: 2.4-litre inline four indirect injection SOHC diesel engine, at 4,000 rpm, at 2,400 rpm
22R: 2.4-litre inline four SOHC petrol engine with Bosch L-Jetronic injection,
driveline 4x2 = RWD, 4x4 = 4WD
loading area (m²) (4x2) 3.1m² (4x4) 2.9m²
track width - front (4x2) , (4x4)
track width - rear (4x2) , (4x4)
turning circle (4x2) , (4x4)
permissible total weight(4x2) , (4x4)
payload(4x2) , (4x4)
trailer weight braked(4x2) , (4x4)
trailer weight unbraked
maximum speed km/h(4x2) , (4x4)
acceleration - 0- (4x2) 15.0 secs, (4x4) 17.0 secs
fuel consumption (4x2) , (4x4)
Specifications Source
Successor
Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles division sells the Volkswagen Amarok pick-up, which competes against the Nissan Navara and Toyota Hilux.
The Amarok is available in single and double cab versions, as well as the option of 2WD or 4WD and high torque diesels.
References
External links
Volkswagen-Commercial-Vehicles.com - official international portal
Taro
Pickup trucks
Rear-wheel-drive vehicles
All-wheel-drive vehicles
Cars introduced in 1989
1990s cars
Cars discontinued in 1997 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volkswagen%20Taro |
David Newsom (born March 10, 1968) is an American actor, producer and fine-art photographer. He is best known for his various critically acclaimed appearances in American television and for his work in 2005 and 2006 with Viggo Mortensen and Perceval Press.
Career
Photography
Along with film and TV work, Newsom is a long-time photographer with and emphasis on fine art photography. In 2005, he collaborated with Viggo Mortensen to create a photo journal called Skip (Newsom's eldest brother's nickname) which was then published by Mortensen's Perceval Press. In June 2006, with Viggo Mortensen, Lindsay Brice and Stanley Milstein, Newsom anchored a successful group photographic show entitled "Four Tales from Perceval".
In June–July 2007, Newsom held his first comprehensive one man show titled, "Three Miles of Idaho" at DCA Fine Art in Santa Monica, CA.
Film and television
In 2005, Newsom began producing movies, starting with his first short film Mother, written and directed by Sian Heder.
In April 2006, "Mother" won the Grand Jury Award for Best Narrative Short at the Florida Film Festival, a victory which automatically qualified the film for a potential Academy Award nomination. Mother was also selected for the May 2006 Cinefondation Competition of the Cannes Film Festival, where it won third place in a field of 18 films from around the globe. The film was then selected for many other festivals, including the prestigious Seattle International Film Festival, where it received the "2006 Short Film: Narrative Special Jury Prize". "Mother" continues to play globally and recently took the Grand Jury Award-Narrative Shorts at the Oxford Film Festival.
In early 2007, Newsom and Heder partnered with The Mark Gordon Company and are in pre-production on the feature film, "Tallulah".
Newsom also produced Open Your Eyes for director Susan Cohen in the summer of 2007. Cohen, a recipient of a 2007 AFI Directing Workshop for Women grant, wrote "OYE" as a tribute to the women she had known who battled and lived with cancer. In May, 2008, "Open Your Eyes" was awarded the AFI "Jean Picker Firstenburg Award of Excellence".
In recent years, Newsom has been busy producing adventure/reality television for such networks as: Discovery Channel, Nat Geo and History.
From 2010 to 2011, he was a field producer, cameraman and story producer for Discovery's "DEADLIEST CATCH", Season 7.
In fall of 2011, he was a field producer/cameraman for Nat Geo's "Wild Justice", seasons 2 and 3.
In January 2012, he teamed up with Undertow Films and began as senior producer on a new series for History Channel, about the largest study of sharks ever conducted off the coast of South Africa.
Habitat garden consultation
In 2014, when his daughter was born, Newsom transformed his lifeless yard into a garden providing habitat for wildlife. He started a non-profit called the Wild Yards Project to inspire people across the country to create habitat where they live and help them get the tools they need to get it done. His goal is for the planet to remain habitable for children. He does habitat consultation in northeast LA and helps design and install gardens.
Personal life
Newsom was born in North Caldwell, New Jersey to a mother who managed an employment agency and an investor father. He lives in Los Angeles with his wife, writer/director Sian Heder, with whom he has two children. Newsom has a degree in film production from Ithaca College. He has worked in the past as a band singer, alternative newspaper editor, writer, waiter, delivery man, blasting worker, beer bottler, fence installer, dish washer, and in film production as well as set construction.
Filmography
Actor
Film
Television
References
External links
David Newsom's Official Website
David Newsom at MySpace
Detailed Interview with "ReadySteadyBook"
1962 births
American male film actors
American male television actors
Ithaca College alumni
Living people
People from North Caldwell, New Jersey
Fine art photographers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Newsom |
Bear Island is an island located in Potomac, Montgomery County, Maryland between the Potomac River and the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal near the Great Falls. It is managed by the National Park Service as part of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historical Park and is co-owned by The Nature Conservancy. One of its most popular attractions is the Billy Goat Trail. Pets are not allowed on Bear Island, nor is smoking.
References
River islands of Maryland
Protected areas of Montgomery County, Maryland
Islands of the Potomac River
Potomac, Maryland
Landforms of Montgomery County, Maryland
Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historical Park | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bear%20Island%20%28Maryland%29 |
Namasia District (Kanakanavu language, Bunun language: Namasia; ), formerly Sanmin Township (), is a mountain indigenous district located in the northeastern part of Kaohsiung, Taiwan. It is the second largest district in Kaohsiung after Taoyuan District.
The population of the township is mainly the indigenous Bunun, Kanakanavu and Saaroa peoples. The modern-day population of the Kanakanavu people live in the two villages of Manga and Takanua.
Name
On 1 January 2008, the then-township (which then was a part of Kaohsiung County) was renamed from Sanmin to Namasia, as the name of Sanmin (taken from the Sun Yat-sen's Three Principles of the People), was considered an overly political name. Rather, the name Namasia was chosen, as it is the name of a local river in the Tsou language, while its meaning is "better and better" in the Bunun language.
History
During the period of Japanese rule, Namasia was grouped with Maolin District and Taoyuan District and classified as , which was governed under Kizan District of Takao Prefecture.
Geography
The lowest point in the Qishan River valley is 430 meters above sea level; the highest is the peak of Mount Xinwangling (新望嶺), at 2,481 meters. The four main settlements upriver are Nangisalu (南沙魯), Maya (瑪雅), and Takanua (達卡努瓦) 1 & 2 .
There is plentiful wildlife: 29 mammal species, 97 bird species, 30 types of reptile, 16 amphibians, and 18 fishes. There are also 89 butterfly species.
Administrative divisions
Namasia District is divided into three villages:
Nangisalu Village (南沙魯里)
Maya(Mangacun) Village (瑪雅里)
Takanua(Tangaanua) Village (達卡努瓦里)
Politics
On 29 November 2014, Dahu Istanda of Taiwan First Nations Party was elected the first ever District Magistrate of Namasia.
On 24 November 2018, Payan Islituan was elected the District Magistrate of Namasia.
See also
Kaohsiung
References
External links
Districts of Kaohsiung
Taiwan placenames originating from Formosan languages | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Namasia%20District |
Razkrižje (; , ) is a village in Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Razkrižje. Traditionally it was part of the region of Međimurje, and later (after the Second World War) was included in the region of Styria, lying on its extreme eastern tip. It is now included in the Mura Statistical Region. It is known for its folk dances, which incorporate diverse cultural influences, owing to the village's location at the crossroads of paths connecting Styria, Prekmurje, and Međimurje.
The parish church in the settlement is dedicated to Saint John of Nepomuk and belongs to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Murska Sobota. It was built between 1778 and 1784. The front of the church also appears in one of the three fields in the municipal coat of arms.
References
External links
Razkrižje on Geopedia
Populated places in the Municipality of Razkrižje | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Razkri%C5%BEje |
The Maxwell's duiker (Philantomba maxwellii) is a small antelope found in western Africa.
Taxonomy
The scientific name of Maxwell's duiker is Philantomba maxwelli. It is classified in the genus Philantomba along with the blue duiker (P. monticola) and Walter's duiker (P. walteri). It was first described by English naturalist Charles Hamilton Smith in 1827. The species is sometimes treated as a species of Cephalophus, another genus of duikers, although Philantomba has been recognised as a genus by zoologists such as Peter Grubb and Colin Groves. Theodor Haltenorth has considered this species to be a race of the blue duiker due to their identical features.
In 2012, Anne R. Johnston (of the University of Orleans) and colleagues constructed a cladogram of the subfamily Cephalophinae (duiker), that includes the three genera Cephalophus, Philantomba and Sylvicapra, based on mitochondrial analysis. Philantomba was shown to be monophyletic. It is sister to the rest of the subfamily, from which it diverged nearly 8.73 million years ago (in the late Miocene). Maxwell's duiker split from blue duiker 2.68 to 5.31 million years ago. This cladogram, however, did not include the newly discovered Walter's duiker. Marc Colyn (of the University of Rennes 1) and colleagues, who had discovered this species in 2010, had prepared a similar cladogram that included it.
Three subspecies are identified:
P. m. danei or P. m. lowei Hinton, 1920 Occurs in Sierra Leone.
P. m. maxwelli C. H. Smith, 1827 Occurs in Senegal, Gambia and Sierra Leone.
P. m. liberiensis Hinton, 1920 Occurs in Liberia.
Description
Maxwell's duiker is a small antelope, as are the others in its genus. It is characterised by a slightly elevated back, short legs, a small head and short, round ears. According to measurements by Haltenorth, the head-and-body length is typically between , and between excluding the head. It reaches at the shoulder, and weighs around . The tail, long, is bushy and lined with white. The species exhibits sexual dimorphism, as the females are slightly larger than the males. The coat is grayish brown, sometimes with a bluish tinge; the colour varies with individuals. A short tuft of hair circles the base of the horns and covers the area between them. The underbelly, in contrast with the dorsal parts, is generally white. Four teats are present.
Males, and sometimes females, possess straight, short, spiky horns. Heavily ringed and thick at the base, these measure in length. The length of the horns of the subspecies P. m. maxwelli rises from east to west, though this is not apparent in Ghana and the longest horns are observed in the western extremes of the range. The proportion of horned females reduces sharply from 100 percent in Nigeria and Togo to 5 out of 80 in Liberia. P. m. libriensis females generally lack horns; in populations where female grow horns, the males are observed to have longer horns. The broad skull, with a narrow, bare muzzle, is nearly long and wide. In P. m. maxwelli, the skull measurements tend to increase from east to west between Togo and Liberia, though this trend is not observed in the eastern and western extremes of the range.
The blue duiker bears a striking resemblance to Maxwell's duiker. However, the latter is nearly twice as large and heavier as the former, with a larger skull. While colouration is more uniform in Maxwell's duiker, the blue duiker shows two different colourations - there is a marked transition from the dorsal parts and the flanks to the rump. Another point of difference is the pedal gland (in the hooves), which has a simpler opening in the blue duiker.
Habitat and distribution
The Maxwell duiker prefers areas with fresh and dense growth of shrubs and other plants. It inhabits the warm, moist lowland forests prevalent in western African countries such as Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo. The habitat also includes forest fringes, secondary, scrub and gallery forests and farmlands. The western limits of the range lie in southwestern Senegal and western Gambia, from where it extends as far east as the Cross River in Nigeria.
Diet
The Maxwell duiker's diet mostly consists of fruits, seeds, secondary vegetation and shrubs. Maxwell's duiker and other duikers present in the same geographical area were found to have similar diets. Diets are subject to seasonal changes, with a shift towards vegetation and parts of flowers at the beginning of winter.
The animal's small size is reflected in its food choices. Due to its smaller mouth, body anatomy, and masseter muscle, it tends to concentrate on food items up to 3 cm in diameter, while larger species eat items up to 6 cm in diameter.
Behavior
Maxwell's duiker has a preorbital gland known to be used for marking objects and members of the same species, especially by dominant males. It was one of the first animals observed using its preorbital gland for scent marking. It was shown that scent marking is also associated with individual recognition or social appeasement as male and females will often press these glands together on both sides of each other's faces.
Reproduction and Lifespan
Calves are born mainly during the two dry seasons in Africa. Females birth a single calf once per year, after a gestation period of 120 days. Offspring usually weigh around 1/10 the weight of their mother and are similar in color to calves from other duiker species. Maxwell's duikers can survive up to 10 years in captivity.
Threats and conservation
Maxwell's duiker is listed as Least Concern, though with the population trend decreasing, by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN).
References
External links
Maxwell's duiker
Mammals of West Africa
Maxwell's duiker
Taxa named by Charles Hamilton Smith | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxwell%27s%20duiker |
Tanzania competed at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea.
Competitors
The following is the list of number of competitors in the Games.
Athletics
Men
Track & road events
Field events
Boxing
Men
See also
Tanzania at the 1986 Commonwealth Games
Tanzania at the 1990 Commonwealth Games
References
sports-reference
Official Olympic Reports
Nations at the 1988 Summer Olympics
1988
Olympics | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanzania%20at%20the%201988%20Summer%20Olympics |
Tanzania competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles.
Athletics
Men
Track & road events
Field events
Women
Track & road events
Boxing
Men
See also
Tanzania at the 1982 Commonwealth Games
Tanzania at the 1986 Commonwealth Games
References
sports-reference
Official Olympic Reports
Nations at the 1984 Summer Olympics
1984
Olympics | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanzania%20at%20the%201984%20Summer%20Olympics |
Temple elephants are a type of captive elephant. Many major temples own elephants; others hire or are donated elephants during the festive seasons. Temple elephants are usually wild animals, poached from the forests of North East India from wild herds at a young age and then sold into captivity to temples. Their treatment in captivity has been the subject of controversy and condemnation by some, while others claim that elephants form a vital part of the socio-economic framework of many temple ceremonies and festivals in India, particularly in the South.
The largest elephant stable in India is Punnathurkotta of the temple of Guruvayur; it has about 59 captive elephants; it currently houses 58 captive elephants, of which 53 are adult males and 5 are females.
Gallery on elephants
See also
Animal worship
Guruvayur Keshavan
Thrissur Pooram
References
External links
Temple Elephants Video A short QuickTime video of Elephants from Tiruvannamalai, Sri Rangam and elsewhere.
Elephants
Elephants in Indian culture
Elephants in Hinduism
Domesticated animals
Livestock | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temple%20elephant |
Air Wave is the name of three superheroes appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. The first two were active in the Golden Age of Comic Books (albeit the second Air Wave had only one appearance). The third appears in comics in the 21st century.
Publication history
The original Air Wave (Larry Jordan) debuted during the period fans and historians call the Golden Age of Comic Books. His first appearance was in Detective Comics #60 (December 1942) by artist Harris Levey, who signed his work under the pen name "Lee Harris", and a writer tentatively identified as either Mort Weisinger or Murray Boltinoff. Harris Levey (aka Lee Harris) drew the character's seven- to eight-page adventures from Detective Comics #60 (February 1942) to at least #74 (April 1943), and then following World War II in Detective Comics #114-137 (August 1946 - July 1948). In September 1942, Levey (aka Lee Harris) left the series to join the US Army Airforce (UAAF) as a Photographer for the 15th Tactical Reconnaissance Photo Unit, turning the artwork over to his friend George Roussos for the 1943-46 issues. Levey returned to DC and resumed illustrating the Air Wave (July 1946, #113) and left DC and his Air Wave drawing duties in 1948 to pursue a career in advertising.
Fictional character biographies
Larry Jordan
Law clerk Lawrence "Larry" Jordan had recently graduated from law school and was an intern at the Brooklyn District Attorney office. Noticing the rise of crime, Jordan decided to become a costumed crimefighter using technology, and used his interests in radio and electronics to create his equipment, including a cowl radio system that allowed him to listen in on police reports and special skates that enabled him to travel along telephone lines. He was accompanied by an outspoken parrot named Static the Proverb Parrot, who occasionally aided him in battle (and, for narrative purposes, gave him someone with whom he could converse in order to provide exposition to the reader). His superhero activities were noticeable enough for a fictionalized President Franklin Roosevelt to request his participation in the All-Star Squadron.
Larry Jordan retired from his career as Air Wave in 1948 and married Helen soon afterward. Their son, Harold (Hal), was born as Jordan continued his research into radio wave conversion.
In DC Comics Presents #40 (December 1981), it was revealed that Larry was killed by a man he had once prosecuted as a district attorney. Joe Parsons was an escaped convict who took revenge by breaking into Jordan's home. Larry's costume malfunctioned as he tried to protect his family and he died from a shotgun wound to the chest.
During the "Dark Nights: Death Metal" storyline, Air Wave is among the superheroes that were revived by Batman using a Black Lantern ring.
Helen Jordan
Helen Jordan was the wife of Larry Jordan, the original Air Wave. After Larry's death, Helen donned the Air Wave costume and brought the killer Joe Parsons to justice, but never wore the suit again.
When her son Harold entered high school, Helen sent the boy to live with his cousins in Dallas as she slowly succumbed to mental illness.
Harold Jordan
At a young age, Harold was found to exhibit the power to transmute into energy. Just as his father had modified his helmet and was preparing to train him to use his powers, Larry was killed. Eventually, Harold decided to follow in the footsteps of his father's career and took up the mantle of Air Wave. When his character was introduced, it was also revealed that he was a cousin of the Green Lantern Hal Jordan, with whom he shares the name. Air Wave continued as a supporting character, though not in every issue, of Green Lantern and his co-stars of the time, Green Arrow and Black Canary, showing young Harold how to be a superhero. Starting in Action Comics #488, Hal was featured in adventures of his own. For the next couple of years, he appeared in the secondary stories of Action Comics (the cover story almost always starred Superman), often alternating with the Atom. At some point, he became able to control his transmutation to energy without relying upon his father's equipment.
When Air Wave was recruited by the Institute for Metahuman Studies to join a group of highly capitalist superheroes called the Captains of Industry, he used the code name Maser after undergoing extreme gene-modification at the hands of Doctor Moon. This group was relatively short-lived and he soon resumed using Air Wave as his moniker. His next major appearance was in the JSA story arc involving super-villain Kobra's plot to seize control of the world's media resources. When freed by the JSA, the seriously weakened hero destroyed Kobra's satellites, which were targeted to annihilate many of Earth's cities.
Later, Air Wave joined the JSA reserve in battle during the Imperiex War as well as against the triumvirate of Mordru, Obsidian, and Eclipso.
During the Infinite Crisis company-crossover storyline, Air Wave joins a team of superheroes, including Animal Man, Cyborg, and others that travel into space to help investigate a destructive spatial warp. Air Wave almost instantly detects the cries for help coming from the ships being affected. These cries overwhelm him, and he splits into millions of radio waves that fly off in different directions.
During the event known as the Blackest Night, the Harold Jordan Air Wave is reanimated as a member of the Black Lantern Corps. He is one of the billions of Black Lanterns transported by the Black Lantern planet Xanshi to Earth for the final battle. Air Wave uses his powers to redirect all of John Stewart's distress calls to the radio of an old lady in Omaha. Air Wave is then destroyed by the combined efforts of the various Lanterns corps, who had just arrived to battle the Black Lanterns.
In 2016, DC Comics implemented another relaunch of its books called "DC Rebirth" which restored its continuity to a form much as it was prior to "The New 52". Hal is again presented alive and as a neophyte superhero. In the same issue, it is hinted that Harold may not be straight. While Green Lantern was not up for Air Wave being his sidekick, he later gave him some approval after seeing how he defeated the Radio People of Kwyzz.
During "The New Golden Age" miniseries "Stargirl: The Lost Children", Air Wave found himself displaced on Childminder's island as he tries to warn Stargirl and Red Arrow to stay away. When both of them wash up on the island and Red Arrow is abducted by the egg-like Child Collectors, Stargirl is saved by Air Wave, Cherry Bomb, Wing, and Robotman's Robbie the Robot Dog. After dodging the Child Collectors, Air Wave assisted Cherry Bomb, Wing, and Robbie into taking Stargirl to where the other Lost Children are. At the time when the Childminder had activated the Time Warp device, Air Wave started to have a bad reaction when he picked up a lot of signals causing everyone to begin making their way to the Childminder's castle. Air Wave picks up more signals as his fellow Lost Children are "nested" by the Child Collectors. He is among the Lost Children that are subdued by the Hourman android. Thanks to a diversion from Corky Baxter, Boom used this diversion to free everyone. Following Time Master and Childminder's defeat and Wing being sent back to his own time, Air Wave is among the Lost Children that are brought to Stargirl's time by the Hourman android due to paradoxical reasons.
Powers and abilities
Larry – antennae in helmet and circuitry in belt allowed him to eavesdrop on police band frequencies or intercept telephone calls, and traveled at the speed of electricity along telephone lines on collapsible skates built into his boots. Magnetic energies enabled him to climb walls or relieve criminals of their guns.
Helen – helmet allows her to change her molecular structure, can transform into energy and travel along television airwaves and can fly at superhuman speeds.
Harold – able to ride and transmute into energy, and fly at superhuman speeds. He inherited his powers and initially used his father's suit and helmet to better control his abilities. He can use his abilities to perform radiotherapy on cancer patients.
Enemies
His enemies were mostly Nazis and criminals, but he also fought some sound-based supervillains:
Dr. Silence
Parrot
Talker
Further reading
"No Static at All: Air Wave in the Bronze Age" by John Wells, Back Issue #106, TwoMorrows Publishing (Aug 2018), pg 26-29
Notes
References
External links
Air Wave (1978) at Don Markstein's Toonopedia. Archived from the original on March 15, 2012.
Info from DCUGuide.com
Characters created by Dennis O'Neil
Characters created by Mort Weisinger
Comics characters introduced in 1942
Comics characters introduced in 1978
Comics characters introduced in 1981
DC Comics characters who can move at superhuman speeds
DC Comics American superheroes
DC Comics male superheroes
DC Comics metahumans
Golden Age superheroes
Fictional characters with energy-manipulation abilities
Fictional characters with elemental transmutation abilities | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air%20Wave |
Tanzania competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.
Athletics
Men
Track & road events
Boxing
Men
References
Official Olympic Reports
Nations at the 1972 Summer Olympics
1972
1972 in Tanzanian sport | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanzania%20at%20the%201972%20Summer%20Olympics |
The United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar, competing under the name of Tanganyika, competed in the Olympic Games for the first time at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan.
Athletics
Men
Track & road events
References
Official Olympic Reports
Nations at the 1964 Summer Olympics
1964
1964 in Tanzanian sport | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanganyika%20at%20the%201964%20Summer%20Olympics |
Ribnica na Pohorju () is a settlement in northern Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Ribnica na Pohorju. It lies in the Pohorje Hills west of Maribor. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included in the Carinthia Statistical Region.
Name
Ribnica was attested in written sources in 1266 as Reyvinich (and as Reivinich and Reyvenz in 1283, and Reiffnik in 1319). The name was originally a hydronym derived from the common noun riba 'fish', thus referring to a stream with many fish and, by extension, a settlement along such a stream. The village was known as Reifnigg in German.
Church
The parish church in the settlement is dedicated to Saint Bartholomew and belongs to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Maribor. It was first mentioned in written documents dating to 1356. The current building dates to around 1740. A second church near the settlement's main cemetery is dedicated to Saint Leonard and dates to the 15th century with 18th-century additions.
References
External links
Ribnica na Pohorju on Geopedia
Populated places in the Municipality of Ribnica na Pohorju | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribnica%20na%20Pohorju |
Schizoid is a 1980 American slasher film directed and written by David Paulsen, and starring Klaus Kinski, Marianna Hill, Craig Wasson, Christopher Lloyd, and Donna Wilkes. It follows a Los Angeles advice columnist who is subject to a series of threatening anonymous letters, while members of a group therapy she attends are being stalked and murdered by a killer armed with shearing scissors.
Produced and distributed by The Cannon Group, Inc., Schizoid was filmed in Los Angeles in 1980 and released theatrically in September that year. The film received largely negative reviews from critics, with several, such as Roger Ebert and Kevin Thomas, criticizing its depictions of violence against women.
Plot
Recently-divorced Los Angeles advice columnist Julie Caffret begins attending group therapy sessions led by the widowed Dr. Pieter Fales, a German psychologist. The sessions are held in Pieter's spacious house, which he shares with his teenage daughter, Alison. Members of the group include Gilbert, a lonely handyman who works in Julie's apartment building; Pat, a Wellesley College graduate employed as a stripper, and with whom Pieter carries on a secret sexual relationship; and Rosemary Boyle, a spinster.
After one of the sessions, one of the female members of the therapy group is stalked by an unseen motorist while riding a bicycle on a country dirt road, and is chased into an abandoned house, where she is brutally stabbed to death with a pair of scissors. A short time later, a teenage couple having sex in the garage of the abandoned house find the woman's dead body. Meanwhile, Julie is disturbed after she begins receiving a number of anonymous cut-and-paste notes threatening murder and assault. Finding little help from authorities, Julie ponders responding to the anonymous letter writer in her advice column. Doug, her ex-husband with whom she works with at the newspaper, warns her against this, fearing it will only lead to further harassment.
Late one night after leaving the strip club, Pat is stalked by the unseen motorist, who chases her through an alleyway. She attempts to flee, but is cornered by the assailant, who stabs her to death. Julie grows close to Pieter, and is invited by him to his house for a formal dinner. However, the meal goes awry when Alison, dressed in her deceased mother's clothing, rages at her father for inviting Julie there on the anniversary of her mother's death.
Later, Doug witnesses Julie and Pieter engaging in sex when he peers through the window of her apartment. The next day, Rosemary, while relaxing in her hot tub, is stalked by the killer, who slashes her to death with scissors. In his office, Pieter discovers a paper clipping lying on the floor, and begins to suspect Alison may be the one sending Julie the threatening letters. He confronts her, and asks if she is responsible for the deaths of his patients. Alison vehemently denies any involvement and, despondent, locks herself in the garage and turns on her car, attempting suicide by carbon monoxide poisoning. However, she decides against it, and backs the car through the garage door before speeding away.
Julie publishes her office phone number in her advice column, hoping for a call from the killer that police can trace. Doug, though initially reluctant to the idea, agrees to help Julie and listen in on any phone calls. Julie receives a call from Alison, who asks if she can come speak with her. Alison arrives and confronts Julie and Doug, threatening them with a pistol. Moments later, Pieter calls the office, and rushes there when Julie says Alison's name. Pieter arrives and finds the office in disarray, but nobody in sight. Doug, brandishing Alison's pistol, begins to shoot at Pieter as he stalks him through the office—it is reveled that Doug is in fact the killer, motivated by Julie's sharing of details regarding the deterioration of their marriage, and what he perceives as a slight against his character.
Police and investigators descend on the office building as Doug threatens Pieter with a pistol, while Julie and Alison, who were kidnapped by Doug and bound-and-gagged in a supply room, manage to free themselves by cutting through their bonds with a pair of... scissors! Pieter and Doug engage in a violent fight, which Julie and Alison stumble upon. As Doug gains control of Pieter, Alison stabs him to death with a pair of scissors, saving her father's life. Seconds later, police burst into the office, as Pieter, Julie, and Alison embrace.
Cast
Production
In a February 20, 1980 issue of The Hollywood Reporter, the film was announced as to start its principal photography on 13 March 1980 under the title Molded to Murder. It was announced in March that the film's title had been changed to Murder by Mail. The film was announced for sale at the Cannes International Film Festival Market, but was not screened for potential buyers.
Flo Lawrence said she felt somehow abused by Klaus Kinski in the scene just after the topless dancing one: "Kinski starts grabbing me and touching me in places that he had no business touching me. My acting chops went out the window, I should have slapped him, but I was just so shocked and no one yelled 'Cut' at that point." Actor Richard Herd recalled of the production that he and Kinski "got along well... He was such a classy actor. He was a little odd. He did not like people to touch him."
Release
Schizoid was first shown in Detroit and Cleveland on September 5, 1980. It later opened in Los Angeles on October 10, 1980. The Hollywood Reporter announced that in its first month on release the film grossed over $4 million in the United States. The film screened in the United Kingdom in June 1981 as a double feature alongside The Godsend (1980).
Critical response
Critics Gene Siskel and Roger Ebert discussed the film on an October 23, 1980 episode of Sneak Previews, and they found the film "gruesome and despicable" and "expressing hatred for woman." Kevin Thomas of the Los Angeles Times expressed a similar sentiment, describing it as a "trashy violence-against women jolter." George Bouwman of the Fort Myers, Florida News-Press deemed the film "sleazy and degrading" and its suspense "almost non-existent." Robert C. Trussell of The Kansas City Star deemed the film "low-budget psychological garbage," but conceded that "the interesting thing about this generally below-average film is that it holds your interest." Ed Blank of The Pittsburgh Press felt the film was a "slipshod" effort, writing: "It's confounding how pictures like this continue to be marketed and bought."
Tom McElfresh of The Cincinnati Enquirer had mixed feelings on the film, describing it as "a cheap, bloody little horror number with a driveling plot, dismal dialogue and a far too serious attitude about itself," but conceded that writer-director Paulsen "has a certain taste for the neo-baroque in certain surreal sequences, even though his storytelling, both his words and his images, lack cohesion and control."
Home media
Scream Factory released the film as a double-feature DVD and Blu-ray combination set with X-Ray (1982), another Cannon Films release, in 2013. This edition went out-of-print on October 12, 2020. In March 2022, Vinegar Syndrome reissued the double-feature disc in 4K UHD format with newly-commissioned bonus features.
References
Sources
External links
1980 films
1980 horror films
1980s psychological horror films
1980s serial killer films
1980s slasher films
American psychological horror films
American serial killer films
American slasher films
Golan-Globus films
Films about father–daughter relationships
Films about journalists
Films about psychoanalysis
Films about stalking
Films produced by Menahem Golan
Films produced by Yoram Globus
Films set in Los Angeles
Films shot in Los Angeles
1980s English-language films
1980s American films | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schizoid%20%28film%29 |
Rogašovci (; in older sources also Rogačovci, ) is a settlement in Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Rogašovci. It is part of the Prekmurje region.
References
External links
Rogašovci on Geopedia
Populated places in the Municipality of Rogašovci | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roga%C5%A1ovci |
Badang was a legendary Southeast Asian strongman from the Malay world. He hailed from Batu Pahat, Johor. He was active in the court of the Raja Sri Rana Wikrama of the Kingdom of Singapura. He was associated with several geographical locations and historical artefacts, most notably the Singapore Stone.
Sources
The written record of the legend of Si Badang is found in the Malay Annals, an important collection of oral folklore from the Malay World. Variations of the legend of Badang exist due to the oral nature of its transmission, and its popular use in children's literature.
Mythology
Badang was a Malay boy from Batu Pahat, in the northern part of the Sultanate of Johor (corresponds to the modern day state of Johor, Malaysia). He was the only son of two poor farmers who worked hard until the day they died. As a young man, Badang worked as a coolie for the rich farmer Orang Kaya Nira Sura in a place called Salung or Saluang in Aceh, Sumatra (modern-day Indonesia). Badang was small-statured and the weakest of his group. Their job was to clear through the undergrowth to make way for new fields. As slaves, they didn't get paid and received only a few handfuls of rice each day. This was hardly enough to satisfy the hunger of such arduous work, so Badang relied on catching fish for extra sustenance. He set his fish-traps along the stream every evening and gathered the net the following morning.
One day, Badang found that the fish-traps he laid in a river contained bones and scales. He prepared the fish-traps again, but the same incident went on for several days. Badang armed himself with a rattan stick, or a parang in some versions, and hid in the bushes of the jungle. The creature taking his fish was a demon, Jembalang air/hantu air or water spirit capable of taking the form of any flora and fauna which lives around bodies of water, described as having eyes red as fire, long matted hair, and a long beard covering its chest or reaching its waist.
Badang seized the demon and tied its hair to a rock. The demon begged for mercy and promised to grant Badang any wish if he spared his life. Badang wished for strength so that he would not tire working. The demon said that if Badang wanted great strength, he would have to swallow whatever he coughs up. The demon then vomited and Badang ate its vomit. In some versions the demon coughed out two red gems called geliga for Badang to swallow.
Badang became immensely strong. One day, Nira Sura wanted to expand his farm land in Baruah. But Nira Sura found out that Badang was resting in mid day and he suspected that Badang didn't do his work. Nira sura found that a large section of the forest was cleared so quickly and Badang explained everything that had transpired. The landowner was so grateful for the servant's loyalty that he freed Badang from slavery on the condition that he never boasts of his strength and uses it to help others. When news of Badang's feat reached the Kingdom of Singapura, the Raja Sri Rana Wicrama invited Badang to the kingdom, to appoint him a Raden (a princely title).
One day, the Raja had a large boat constructed and instructed fifty men to push it into the water, but they were unable to do so. Badang continually offered to help but the men refused, saying that no one so small would make any difference. The Raja eventually sent 300 men to help push the vessel but it was to no avail. The Raja then sent 3000 men to push the boat, but all of them failed. The Raja then gave Badang the chance to push the boat by himself, and Badang was able to do so. For his feat, the Raja Sri Rana Wicrama appointed Badang a hulubalang, or Champion, of his court.
Badang was frequently asked to do favours. He often helped farmers and villagers carry their goods in place of a horse and carriage. The king once asked him to gather the tasty kuras leaves from Kuala Sayong in Sumatra, so Badang set off in a boat by himself. When he climbed the kuras tree, its branch broke and Badang fell a long way, his head hitting a rock. To his surprise, Badang was completely unharmed and the rock was split in two. Today, that rock is called the Split Stone (Batu Belah).
Over time, Badang had become known in other nearby countries as well. The king of Kalinga on the Indian subcontinent wanted to test Badang's strength against his own champion, Nadi Bijaya (or Wadi Bijaya) who was reputed to be stronger than all the other strongmen of his kingdom. The Indian warrior sailed to the Malay Archipelago and greeted the local king with the friendly challenge. Seri Rana Wikrama took great pleasure in tests of skill and agreed. As decreed by the Indian king, the loser would owe the victor seven ships of cargo. Badang competed against Nadi Bijaya in several contests of strength and wrestling but the result was always tied. Finally, Nadi Bijaya suggested that whoever can lift the large rock in front of the palace shall be declared the winner. He then lifted the rock to his knees and immediately dropped it. When it was Badang's turn, he lifted the rock above his head and threw it, where it landed at the mouth of the Singapore River. Nadi Bijaya acceded to the agreement and gave Badang the seven ships of cargo before returning to Kalinga.
Badang spent many years in the Kingdom of Singapura defeating challengers from other countries, including the champion of Java. When Badang eventually died, the king of Kalinga sent for two stone pillars to be placed at his grave. Badang's grave is located in Buru Island, Riau Islands Province, Indonesia.
Relation to the Singapore Stone
The Singapore Stone is a fragment of a large slab of rock that sat at the mouth of the Singapore River. It is currently on display at the National Museum of Singapore. The slab was blown up in 1843 and only fragments remain. One folklore for the slab's origin is that it was lifted and thrown by Badang, during one of his feats of strength.
In popular culture
Badang is a fighter hero in the video game Mobile Legends: Bang Bang
See also
Si Pitung, legendary hero of Betawi people, Indonesia
References
External links
Google Books-Malayan Literature by various
Google Books-The Gentleman's magazine, Volume 92, Part 1
Asian mythology
Malaysian legends | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badang |
Rogatec (; ) is a small town in eastern Slovenia, on the border with Croatia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Rogatec. The area traditionally belonged to the region of Styria. It is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region.
Geography
Rogatec lies on the railway line from Grobelno (Slovenia) to Zabok (Croatia).
Name
Rogatec was first attested in written records in 1130 as Roas (and as Rohats in 1192, Rohatsch in 1234, Rohathes in 1254, and Rohats in 1363). The name is derived from *Rogatьcь, based on the common noun rog in the geographical sense of 'tall rocky prominence' with possible extension to a hill, mountain, or creek associated with such a geographical feature. The German name of the settlement was Rohitsch. This and the early transcriptions of the name with h are direct evidence that the Slovene phonological change *g > γ once extended all the way to eastern Styria.
History
Early history
The history of Rogatec reaches back to the early Middle Ages. At the beginning of the 11th century it was one of the administrative centers of the estates of Friesach-Zeltschach. After the death of Hemma of Gurk in 1045, the estate she held in Rogatec passed to the ownership of Gurk Abbey in Carinthia, and then to the Bishopric of Gurk in 1072. Rogatec was mentioned in Wolfram von Eschenbach's early 13th-century German romance Parzival: Ûz Zilje ich für den Rôhas reit (From Celje, I rode to Rogatec; IX:498.21). Rogatec was a feudal possession belonging in turn to several noble families—Traungau, Rohitsch, and Žovnek (later the Counts of Celje)—and from 1456 onward to the Habsburgs. Rogatec was first mentioned as having market rights in 1283, and was mentioned as a town in 1377 and 1466 due to its walls, although it never officially held this status because its population was not large enough. Rogatec was burned three times between 1470 and 1486. A 1487 attack by the Hungarians devastated the settlement, leaving it in ruins and nearly deserted.
16th–19th centuries
Rogatec was exposed Ottoman attack in the 16th century. Peasants were forced to repair the fortifications in 1530, and in 1551 an infantry company was stationed there. In 1550, Rogatec received the right to hold a fair every Wednesday, as well as three annual fairs. By 1789 this had grown to nine fairs per year. The market square burned twice during the 18th century. The town gates were still standing in 1782, and there was a pillory in the middle of the square. Most of the buildings in the historic center of the settlement were rebuilt in the 19th century, but they preserved the layout and height of the older structures.
Second World War
After the invasion of Yugoslavia, the occupying forces exiled about 30 families from Rogatec, mostly intellectuals, to Croatia and Serbia. On the night of 29 March 1944, there was a successful Partisan raid on a German weapons depot in Rogatec.
Mass graves
Rogatec is the site of nine known mass graves associated with the Second World War. The Kutner Ravine Mass Grave () is located east of the town, between a ravine and a road, about from the Križan house in the hamlet of Ceste. It contains the remains of Hungarians and Ukrainians that were taken to a firing trench by German troops, where they were murdered. The Parking Lot Mass Grave () lies in the parking lot opposite the gas station in Rogatec south of the railroad tracks. It contains the remains of two prisoners of war that were bound, led to a willow, and shot by a Partisan on a horse in May 1945. The Rehar Corner Mass Grave () is located in a meadow from a large walnut tree at the end of Counts of Celje Street (). It contains the remains of four young men that were led to the site and shot on the night of 19 May 1945 and left lying in the meadow. The Strmol Mass Grave () lies about above Strmol Mansion. It contains the remains of a group of prisoners that were taken from the mansion after the war and murdered. The Strmol Park 1 and 2 graves () are located in the park below Strmol Mansion near a large chestnut tree. They contain the remains of two Yugoslav officers, a father and son, that were shot and buried here at the beginning of 1941. The Saint Bartholomew Mass Grave () lies inside the northwest wall around Saint Bartholomew's church. The remains of three people were discovered during excavation work at the site. The Špurn Chapel-Shrine Mass Grave () is located behind the hill above the town cemetery near a chapel-shrine. It contains the remains of several people, including two young men captured near the Sotla River and an Austrian soldier shot in May 1945. The Saint Hyacintha Mass Grave () lies in a ravine behind Saint Hyacintha Mariscotti's Church. It contains the remains of 12 prisoners of war that were shot in May 1945.
Church
The parish church in the town is dedicated to Saint Bartholomew () and belongs to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Celje. It was first mentioned in written documents dating to 1363, but the current building was built between 1738 and 1743. A second church in the northern part of the town is dedicated to Saint Hyacintha Mariscotti and was built in the 1730s.
Other cultural heritage
The 15th-century manor house known as Strmol Mansion () stands on a hill above the old town center of Rogatec.
The Rogatec Open Air Museum preserves the folk architectural heritage and cultural tradition of the Sotla Valley region between the 18th and 20th centuries. This central Styrian farm of the Subpannonian type presents local arts and crafts, traditions, and customs. Hands-on educational workshops include baking bread, weaving baskets from cornhusks, blacksmithing, and other traditional occupations.
Notable people
Notable people that were born or lived in Rogatec include:
Branko Hofman (1929–1991), poet
Blasius Kozenn (1821–1871), cartographer
Mihael Lendovšek (1844–1930), religious writer
Janez Jurij Mersi (1725–1788), poet and literary critic
Dragan Šanda (1881–1963), sculptor
Janko Šanda (1870–1927), poet and literary critic
References
External links
Rogatec on Geopedia
360° panoramic view of the Rogatec Open Air Museum
Populated places in the Municipality of Rogatec | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rogatec |
Workmen's Compensation (Occupational Diseases) Convention, 1925 is an International Labour Organization Convention.
It was established in 1925:
Modification
This convention was subsequently revised in 1934 by Convention C42 - Workmen's Compensation (Occupational Diseases) Convention (Revised), 1934, and again in 1964 by Convention C121 - Employment Injury Benefits Convention, 1964.
Ratifications
As of 2013, the convention had been ratified by 68 states. Of the ratifying states, eight had subsequently denounced the treaty.
External links
Text.
Ratifications.
Occupational safety and health treaties
Workmen's
Treaties concluded in 1925
Treaties entered into force in 1927
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Health treaties
Treaties extended to the Faroe Islands
1925 in labor relations | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Workmen%27s%20Compensation%20%28Occupational%20Diseases%29%20Convention%2C%201925 |
Marco Corbelli (3 April 1970 – 6 May 2007), better known professionally as Atrax Morgue, was an Italian noise musician. Many of Atrax Morgue's early material was released on cassette, as part of the industrial/noise 'cassette underground' of the early 1990s. Often these cassettes were released on Corbelli's own Slaughter Productions label, some of which have now been reissued on CD-R. Throughout the late 1990s, Atrax Morgue released numerous CDs on prominent noise labels, such as Self Abuse Records, Release, Old Europa Cafe, RRRecords, Crowd Control Activities and Ars Benevola Mater.
Corbelli committed suicide by hanging on 6 May 2007. He was 37.
Partial discography
Black Slaughter (Cass) Slaughter Productions 1993
In Search of Death (Cass) Slaughter Productions 1993
Necrosintesi (Cass) Slaughter Productions 1993
Collection in Formaldeide (Cass) Slaughter Productions 1994
Necrophiliac Experience (Cass) Slaughter Productions 1994
New York Ripper (Cass, S/Sided, C60) Slaughter Productions 1994
Woundfucker (Cass) Slaughter Productions 1994
Basic Autopsy Procedure (Cass, S/Sided) Slaughter Productions 1995
Catch My Agony (Cass, Ltd, C30) Slaughter Productions 1995
Esthetik of a Corpse (Cass, C60) Slaughter Productions 1995
Exterminate (Cass) Slaughter Productions 1995
Homicidal Texture (Cass) Slaughter Productions 1995
Pathophysiology (Cass) Old Europa Cafe 1995
Untitled (Cass) Slaughter Productions 1995
Autoerotic Death (Cass, Ltd) BloodLust! 1996
Cut My Throat (CD) Slaughter Productions 1996
Extended Autoerotic Death (Cass, Ltd, C60) BloodLust! 1996
Forced Entry / N.C.W. (Cass) SSSM 1996
Lesion 22 (Cass, Ltd) Less Than Zero 1996
Sickness Report (CD) Release Entertainment 1996
Studio - Live Material 1996 (Cass) Slaughter Productions 1996
Sweetly (Cass, S/Sided, Ltd) Murder Release 1996
Aminobenzolmessias (LP) abRECt 1997
James Oliver Huberty (7") Self Abuse Records 1997
Slush of a Maniac (CD) Crowd Control Activities 1997
DeathShow (with Morder Machine) CD (Slaughter Productions, 1998)
Disconnected (CDr) Sin Organisation 1998
Woundfucker (CD) AVA/ES1-Reset 1998
Overcome (LP) Slaughter Productions 1999
Esthetik of a Corpse (CDr) Slaughter Productions 2000
Exterminate (CDr) Slaughter Productions 2000
In Search of Death (CDr) Slaughter Productions 2000
Paranoia (CD) Old Europa Cafe 2000
Homicidal / Mechanic Asphyxia (CDr) Slaughter Productions 2001
I Vizi Morbosi Di Una Giovane Infermiera (CDr) Slaughter Productions 2001
Necrophiliac Experience / Necrosintesi (CDr) Slaughter Productions 2001
New York Ripper (CDr) Slaughter Productions 2001
Basic Autopsy Procedure / Homicidal Texture (CDr) Slaughter Productions 2002
Collection in Formaldeide (CDr) Slaughter Productions 2002
La Casa Dalle Finestre Che Ridono (CDr) Slaughter Productions 2002
Pathophysiology (CDr) Transf/Order 2002
Sweetly (CDr, Album) Spatter 2002
Death - Orgasm Connector (CD) Slaughter Productions 2003
No More (CD) Amplexus 2004
Her Guts (7", Ltd, Whi) BloodLust! 2005
No More (CD) Ars Benevola Mater 2005
Claustrophobic Introduction (CDr, Ltd, 155) Mind Terrorism Productions 2006
Frustration (CDr, B/card) En.mi.ty Records 2006
Inorganic Introduction Pt.II (File, MP3) Radical Matters 2006
Negative Frequencies (CDr) Slaughter Productions 2006
Pathophysiology (CDr) Old Europa Cafe 2006
External links
Marco Corbelli on Discogs
1970 births
2007 suicides
Noise musicians
Italian experimental musicians
Suicides by hanging in Italy
2007 deaths
20th-century Italian male musicians
21st-century Italian male musicians
People from Sassuolo
Industrial musicians
Power electronics musicians
Cassette culture 1970s–1990s | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrax%20Morgue |
Selnica ob Dravi () is a village on the left bank of the Drava River in Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Selnica ob Dravi.
The parish church in the village is dedicated to Saint Margaret and belongs to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Maribor. It is built in the centre of the village and was first mentioned in written documents dating to 1372. It is an originally Gothic building with early and late 18th-century additions.
Notable people
Zinka Zorko (1936–2019), linguist and academic
References
External links
Selnica ob Dravi Geopedia
Populated places in the Municipality of Selnica ob Dravi | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selnica%20ob%20Dravi |
Kaakha Kaakha (), titled The Police (in the UK) is a 2003 Indian Tamil-language action thriller film written and directed by Gautham Vasudev Menon. It stars Suriya and Jyothika, with Jeevan playing the antagonist. The film featured music composed by Harris Jayaraj and cinematography by R. D. Rajasekhar.
Kaakha Kaakha was released on 1 August 2003 to highly positive reviews and was considered a comeback film for producer Kalaipuli S. Thanu and Suriya's biggest blockbuster.
Plot
Anbuselvan is an honest, daring IPS officer with the Chennai City Police as the ACP in the Crime Branch. As he has no family or relatives, he lives with no fear. Anbuselvan and his IPS friends Srikanth, Arul, and Ilamaran are recruited for part of a special unit of police officers who are battling organised crime in Chennai. Violent and laconic, Anbuselvan finds little patience for his personal life. The unit is ruthless in its confrontation with criminals, going as far as assassinating gang members. The unit is finally disbanded after 5 encounters in 3 months, by Human rights authorities, where Anbuselvan is posted to Control Room Duties. One day, a school teacher named Maya rebuffs Anbuselvan's routine questions regarding safety, not knowing that he is a police officer.
Anbuselvan meets Maya again when she and her friend are questioned for driving without a license. However, Anbuselvan lets them off with a warning. When one of Maya's students has a problem with local kids, she asks Anbuselvan for help. Anbuselvan resolves this problem, a mutual respect grows between them, and they begin seeing one another. When Maya gets into a road accident, Anbuselvan helps her recover, and they fall in love. Srikanth and his wife Swathi become good friends with Maya. Sethu is a gangster, who escaped the encounter operations, meets his estranged brother Pandiya, who returns to Chennai after 14 years of crime life in Maharashtra. Pandiya has a peculiar tactic: he kills a family member of his opponent, but leaves the opponent alive to rot in failure and depression on the loss of his family member.
Sethu's gang, aided by Pandiya's planning, commit major kidnappings in the city and become very powerful in 6 months. The 10-year-old son of an influential movie producer is kidnapped and killed, and later his daughter is also kidnapped for ransom. The special unit is reassembled by the commissioner with all four back in the crime branch. The unit tracks down and kills Sethu in a railyard, as others escape. Pandiya takes over the gang, promising grave revenge over his brother's death. Pandiya and his gang members target the families of the men in the special unit, but the police close in, and a badly injured Pandiya barely escapes Anbuselvan. Pandiya and his men brutally kill Ilamaran the same night, and escape. The entire department is mobilised, and all family members of the remaining three are sent into hiding. Maya and Anbuselvan get married in a hurry and leave for Pondicherry.
However, Pandiya and his thugs enter the cottage the next day where the couple are honeymooning and attack Anbuselvan, leaving him for dead, and kidnapping Maya. Anbuselvan is battling for life but thinking only about rescuing Maya. Srikanth and Arul arrive at the cottage, discover Anbuselvan, and take him to the Pondicherry Government Hospital. Srikanth reveals that Swathi was kidnapped earlier at the airport and confesses that it was he who gave away Anbuselvan's location to Pandiya, for Swathi's safe return. Srikanth feels extreme remorse over what has happened. Whilst in the hospital, they receive a message from Pandiya to meet him at a particular location in Andhra Pradesh. When they go there, they find two packages, one containing Swathi's severed head and the other one containing Maya's arm flesh.
Srikanth and Anbuselvan are distraught, with the former being hysterical upon seeing his wife's head, and in an agony of grief and guilt at being responsible, he shoots himself dead. Anbuselvan and Arul track down Pandiya before he can escape from Tamil Nadu and fight with the gang. Anbuselvan aims to shoot Pandiya, but Pandiya shoots Maya while using her as a shield, and she dies in Anbuselvan's arms. An enraged Anbuselvan tracks down Pandiya and brutally finishes him off, avenging Maya and his friends' deaths. An epilogue shows that Anbuselvan, after the death of Maya, continues his job as an IPS officer some months later, while still reminiscing his moments with Maya.
Cast
Production
The film was initially titled as Paathi (Half) and then as Kalam, before the team opted to change the title to Kaakha Kaakha. Gautham Vasudev Menon revealed that he was inspired to make the film after reading of articles on how encounter specialists shoot gangsters and how their families get threatening calls in return, and initially approached Madhavan, Ajith Kumar and Vikram for the role without success. The lead actress Jyothika asked Menon to consider Suriya for the role, and he was subsequently selected after Menon saw his portrayal in Nandha. Many producers refuse to do this film as they could not make a film on the budget fixed by Menon that too with Suriya; it was Thanu who finally agreed to produce the film.
Menon did a rehearsal of the script with the actors, a costume trial with Jyothika and then enrolled Suriya in a commando training school before beginning production, which he described as a "very planned shoot". In order to prepare for the role, Suriya met real-life police officers Vijayakumar and Shailendra Babu and discussed about their encounter experiences. The film had an alternate ending which showed Jyothika's character surviving; it was released only on DVD. An outhouse set was built at Nuwera Eliya at Sri Lanka which cost . In order to build the set on 24 feet of water, art director Rajeevan hired thirteen carpenters, two painters and the set was built within 15 days and the green-grass roof of the house had to be watered every day to prevent the grass from drying up. The scene where Suriya falls from the outhouse, he performed it without a stunt double.
Release and reception
Guru Subramaniam of Rediff.com labelled Kaakha Kaakha a "career high film". Malathi Rangarajan of The Hindu described it as for "action lovers who believe in logical storylines and deft treatment" and praised Menon for his nonlinear narrative screenplay. Cinesouth wrote "It's a bold move to make the film proceed without comedy. But, such an intense film needs a very powerful story. They themselves lead to some very racy screenplay. Here, the story starts fabulously and then withers away to the usual cop-rowdy thing. Still, Goutham has made an action film without getting caught in the masala trap. Appreciated!". The film was a major breakthrough for both Menon and Suriya.
Remakes
Menon remade the film in Telugu Language as Gharshana (2004) for producer Venkata Raj and it went on to be highly successful as well as being a hit in Telugu theatres. In July 2004, he agreed terms to direct and produce another version of Kaakha Kaakha in Hindi with Sunny Deol in the lead role and revealed that the script was written five years ago with Deol in mind, but the film eventually failed to take off. Producer Vipul Amrutlal Shah approached him to direct the Hindi version of the film in 2010 as Force, and Menon initially agreed before pulling out again. The film was also made in Kannada in 2011 as Dandam Dashagunam. Menon and the original producer, Dhanu, also floated an idea of an English version with a Chechnyan backdrop, though talks with a potential collaboration with Ashok Amritraj collapsed.
Accolades
In addition to the following list of awards and nominations, prominent Indian film websites named Kaakha Kaakha one of the 10 best Tamil films of 2003, with Rediff, Sify and Behindwoods all doing so. The film was, before release, in "most awaited" lists from film websites.
Soundtrack
The film's music was composed by Harris Jayaraj marking his second collaboration with Menon after Minnale. The song "Ondra Renda" is based on "Dil Ko Tumse Pyar Hua" from the 2001 Hindi film Rehnaa Hai Terre Dil Mein in which Harris himself was the music director.
References
External links
2000s police procedural films
2000s romantic action films
2000s Tamil-language films
2003 action thriller films
2003 films
Fictional portrayals of the Tamil Nadu Police
Films about organised crime in India
Films directed by Gautham Vasudev Menon
Films scored by Harris Jayaraj
Films set in Chennai
Indian action thriller films
Indian nonlinear narrative films
Indian romantic action films
Tamil films remade in other languages | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaakha%20Kaakha |
Starše () is a settlement in northeastern Slovenia. It is the administrative seat of the Municipality of Starše. It lies on the right bank of the Drava River southeast of Maribor. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included in the Drava Statistical Region.
The parish church in the settlement is dedicated to John the Baptist and belongs to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Maribor. It was first mentioned in written documents dating to 1441, but the current structure was built in 1833.
References
External links
Starše on Geopedia
Populated places in the Municipality of Starše | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star%C5%A1e |
is a former Japanese entertainer, model, and actress. She is formerly represented by Platinum Production. Among numerous other television and film appearances, she played the lead role in the film adaptation of Kaoruko Himeno's novel .
Career
Iwasa was Miss Magazine 2003. She was awarded the Graph Prize, the 42nd Golden Arrow Awards (2004) in March 2005.
In June 2005, Iwasa recorded a duet with Naoya Ogawa called "Katte ni Shinryakusha" (An Invader in My Own Way), which was used as an ending song of Sgt. Frog. The two appeared on Music Station and Pop Jam. Iwasa was in the drama Gal Circle as Rika, a ganguro girl who scams her friends for money. In 2013 she played the lead role in , the film adaptation of Kaoruko Himeno's novel about a woman who grows a talking face near her genitals after asking God for help.
On October 1, 2020, she announced her decision to retire from the entertainment industry and take a new career of nursing care.
Filmography
Films
Sayonara Midori-chan (2004)
Space Police (2004)
Shibuya Kaidan: Sa-chan no Toshi Densetsu (2004)
Chicken Deka (2004)
Umeku Haisuikan (2004)
Omoi no Iro (2004)
Swing Girls (2004) - Chie
Einstein Girl (2005)
Space Police (2005)
Sugar and Spice: Fumi zekka | Shuga & Supaisu Fumi Zekka (2006) - Yoko
Carved 2 | Kuchisake-onna 2 (2008) - Yukie Sawada
Kujira: Gokudo no Shokutaku (2009)
Beautiful Female Panther: Body Sniper | Utsukushiki mehyo: Body sniper (2010)
Tensou Sentai Goseiger Returns! The Last Epic (2011)
Koitani Bashi: La Vallee de l'amour (2011)
MILOCRORZE - A Love Story (2012) - Yukine
Actress (2012) - Akari Hazuki
Shinobido (2012)
(2013) - Francesco
009-1: The End of the Beginning (2013)
(2013) - Mayuko Iwasa
Her Granddaughter (2015)
TV Movies
Television dramas
References
External links
Official site
1987 births
Living people
People from Nerima
Japanese gravure models
Japanese voice actresses
Japanese television personalities | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayuko%20Iwasa |
Sveta Ana v Slovenskih Goricah (; ) is a settlement in the Municipality of Sveta Ana in the Slovene Hills () in northeastern Slovenia.
Parish church
The parish church, from which the settlement also gets its name, is dedicated to Saint Anne. It also features in the coat of arms of the municipality. It was built between 1693 and 1705 and renovated in the 19th century.
References
External links
Sveta Ana v Slovenskih Goricah on Geopedia
Populated places in the Municipality of Sveta Ana | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sveta%20Ana%20v%20Slovenskih%20Goricah |
The Municipality of Sveti Andraž v Slovenskih Goricah (; ) is a small municipality in northeastern Slovenia. It lies in the Slovene Hills. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Vitomarci. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Drava Statistical Region.
Until 1995 it was part of the Municipality of Ptuj and was then included in the Municipality of Destrnik–Trnovska Vas. It became an independent municipality in 1998.
Settlements
The municipality includes the following settlements:
Drbetinci
Gibina
Hvaletinci
Novinci
Rjavci
Slavšina
Vitomarci
References
External links
Municipality of Sveti Andraž v Slovenskih Goricah on Geopedia
Sveti Andraž v Slovenskih Goricah municipal website
Sveti Andraz v Slovenskih Goricah | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municipality%20of%20Sveti%20Andra%C5%BE%20v%20Slovenskih%20Goricah |
Equality of Treatment (Accident Compensation) Convention, 1925 is an International Labour Organization Convention.
It was established in 1925:
Having decided upon the adoption of certain proposals with regard to the equality of treatment for national and foreign workers as regards workmen's compensation for accidents,...
Ratifications
As of 2013, the convention has been ratified by 121 states.
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Ratifications.
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1925 in labor relations | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equality%20of%20Treatment%20%28Accident%20Compensation%29%20Convention%2C%201925 |
Sveti Jurij ob Ščavnici (; ) is a settlement in northeastern Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Sveti Jurij ob Ščavnici. It lies on the Ščavnica River in the region known as Prlekija. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Mura Statistical Region.
Name
The settlement was first mentioned in written sources in 1680 under name Videm (borrowed from Middle High German videme 'church property'—originally, 'property left by the deceased to the church'). The settlement was known as Videm ob Ščavnici (literally, 'church property on the Ščavnica River') until 1997. On January 22, 1997 the municipal authorities mistakenly assumed that the name had been changed from a religious name under communist Yugoslavia, and it was changed to match the parish name Sveti Jurij ob Ščavnici (literally, 'Saint George on the Ščavnica River').
Church
The local parish church is dedicated to Saint George () and belongs to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Murska Sobota. It dates to the 13th century with numerous rebuildings, adaptations, and renovations over the following centuries.
Notable people
Notable people that were born or lived in Sveti Jurij ob Ščavnici include:
Vekoslav Grmič (1923–2005), theologian
Edvard Kocbek (1904–1981), poet
Bratko Kreft (1905–1996), playwright
Ivan Kreft (1906–1985), diplomat
References
External links
Sveti Jurij ob Ščavnici on Geopedia
Populated places in the Municipality of Sveti Jurij ob Ščavnici | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sveti%20Jurij%20ob%20%C5%A0%C4%8Davnici |
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