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Ammoudia (, before 1928: Σπλάντζα - Splantza,) is a small fishing village in the municipal unit of Fanari in the municipality of Parga, Preveza regional unit in Epirus, Greece. Ammoudia is located on the Ionian Sea coast, southeast of Parga. The mouth of the river Acheron is in the village.
History
During the Axis occupation Ammoudia was among the villages targeted by a joint German-Cham Albanian armed operation in August 1943.
A primary school Greek teacher (S. Georgoulas) who taught in the area in the 1960s noted in a report he compiled for the Research Center of Greek Folklore that in 1964 that most inhabitants of the village spoke Albanian ) and had no knowledge of Greek. For Georgoulas, the continued presence of Albanian in the village caused "unimaginable spiritual and cultural damage".
Historical population
See also
List of settlements in the Preveza regional unit
References
External links
GoAmmoudia
GTP Travel Pages
Populated places in Preveza (regional unit)
Parga
Albanian communities in Greece | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammoudia%2C%20Preveza |
LeConte Bay is an 810-foot-deep (247 m), six-mile-long (10 km) bay in the southeastern region of the U.S. state of Alaska, located east of Frederick Sound.
The bay was named in 1887 for Joseph LeConte, then professor of geology at the University of California. According to John Muir, the local Tlingit name for the bay is Hutli, the mythical thunderbird.
LeConte Bay is a very steep-sided fjord that is home to a seal rookery and the terminus of LeConte Glacier.
References
Bays of Alaska
Bodies of water of Petersburg Borough, Alaska | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LeConte%20Bay |
In mathematics, a Poisson–Lie group is a Poisson manifold that is also a Lie group, with the group multiplication being compatible with the Poisson algebra structure on the manifold.
The infinitesimal counterpart of a Poisson–Lie group is a Lie bialgebra, in analogy to Lie algebras as the infinitesimal counterparts of Lie groups.
Many quantum groups are quantizations of the Poisson algebra of functions on a Poisson–Lie group.
Definition
A Poisson–Lie group is a Lie group equipped with a Poisson bracket for which the group multiplication with is a Poisson map, where the manifold has been given the structure of a product Poisson manifold.
Explicitly, the following identity must hold for a Poisson–Lie group:
where and are real-valued, smooth functions on the Lie group, while and are elements of the Lie group. Here, denotes left-multiplication and denotes right-multiplication.
If denotes the corresponding Poisson bivector on , the condition above can be equivalently stated as
In particular, taking one obtains , or equivalently . Applying Weinstein splitting theorem to one sees that non-trivial Poisson-Lie structure is never symplectic, not even of constant rank.
Poisson-Lie groups - Lie bialgebra correspondence
The Lie algebra of a Poisson–Lie group has a natural structure of Lie coalgebra given by linearising the Poisson tensor at the identity, i.e. is a comultiplication. Moreover, the algebra and the coalgebra structure are compatible, i.e. is a Lie bialgebra,
The classical Lie group–Lie algebra correspondence, which gives an equivalence of categories between simply connected Lie groups and finite-dimensional Lie algebras, was extended by Drinfeld to an equivalence of categories between simply connected Poisson–Lie groups and finite-dimensional Lie bialgebras.
Thanks to Drinfeld theorem, any Poisson–Lie group has a dual Poisson–Lie group, defined as the Poisson–Lie group integrating the dual of its bialgebra.
Homomorphisms
A Poisson–Lie group homomorphism is defined to be both a Lie group homomorphism and a Poisson map. Although this is the "obvious" definition, neither left translations nor right translations are Poisson maps. Also, the inversion map taking is not a Poisson map either, although it is an anti-Poisson map:
for any two smooth functions on .
Examples
Trivial examples
Any trivial Poisson structure on a Lie group defines a Poisson–Lie group structure, whose bialgebra is simply with the trivial comultiplication.
The dual of a Lie algebra, together with its linear Poisson structure, is an additive Poisson–Lie group.
These two example are dual of each other via Drinfeld theorem, in the sense explained above.
Other examples
Let be any semisimple Lie group. Choose a maximal torus and a choice of positive roots.
Let be the corresponding opposite Borel subgroups, so that and there is a natural projection .
Then define a Lie group
which is a subgroup of the product , and has the same dimension as .
The standard Poisson–Lie group structure on is determined by identifying the Lie algebra of with the dual of
the Lie algebra of , as in the standard Lie bialgebra example.
This defines a Poisson–Lie group structure on both and on the dual Poisson Lie group .
This is the "standard" example: the Drinfeld-Jimbo quantum group is a quantization of the Poisson algebra of functions on the group .
Note that is solvable, whereas is semisimple.
See also
Lie bialgebra
Quantum group
Affine quantum group
Quantum affine algebras
References
Lie groups
Symplectic geometry
Structures on manifolds | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poisson%E2%80%93Lie%20group |
County Route 544 (CR 544) is a county highway in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The highway extends from Cooper Street (CR 534) in Deptford Township to Taunton Boulevard (CR 623) in Medford.
Route description
CR 544 begins at an intersection with CR 534 in Deptford Township, Gloucester County, heading northeast on Clements Bridge Road, a three-lane road with a center left-turn lane. The road passes through residential neighborhoods and intersects CR 645, at which point the route enters commercial areas. CR 544 widens into a four-lane divided highway as it passes over the Route 55 freeway and comes to the CR 621 junction. At this point, the road passes north of the Deptford Mall, with the eastbound direction carrying three lanes and the westbound direction carrying two lanes. After the mall, CR 544 comes to an interchange with the Route 42 freeway. A short distance later, the route comes to Route 41 and turns northeast to run concurrent with that route on a two-lane undivided road.
The road crosses the Big Timber Creek into Camden County, running along the border of Runnemede to the north and Gloucester Township to the south. CR 544 splits from Route 41 by heading east-northeast on Evesham Road, continuing along the Runnemede/Gloucester Township border through residential areas, crossing Route 168 (Black Horse Pike). After this intersection, the road heads past a mix of homes and businesses, reaching the CR 736 junction. CR 544 enters more residential surroundings with occasional businesses as it forms the border between Magnolia to the north and Gloucester Township to the south before fully entering Magnolia. The route crosses Conrail Shared Assets Operations' Beesleys Point Secondary railroad line and CR 727 in quick succession before coming to CR 669 and reaching the US 30 junction. CR 544 passes homes as it leaves Magnolia and forms the border between Lawnside to the north and Somerdale to the south, reaching a junction with CR 668. After crossing Coopers Creek, the road heads more east along the border between Cherry Hill to the north and Voorhees Township to the south, intersecting CR 679 before passing under the PATCO Speedline and NJ Transit's Atlantic City Line near the Ashland PATCO station. CR 544 passes more residential development and crosses CR 670 before reaching a junction with CR 561 and CR 678 farther east. At this intersection, the route widens to four lanes, passing the Woodcrest Country Club. The route enters less dense wooded residential development before passing Holly Ravine Farm and reaching the CR 673 junction. From here, the road passes Stafford Farm, along with a mix of woods and development. The road passes to the north of the former Virtua Voorhees Hospital prior to crossing CR 675. CR 544 continues past residential subdivisions and businesses, including the Voorhees Main Street Complex, as it crosses over CR 671. Before approaching the Burlington County line, CR 544 passes Congregation M'Kor Shalom, a synagogue on the Cherry Hill side.
CR 544 continues into Evesham Township in Burlington County and reaches an intersection with Route 73. Past this intersection, the route becomes the two-lane divided Marlton Parkway and passes The Promenade at Sagemore shopping mall, as well as residential subdivisions, curving to the southeast. At the CR 619 intersection, CR 544 becomes two-lane undivided Taunton Lake Road and enters forested areas with some homes. The route crosses into Medford Township and comes to its eastern terminus at CR 623.
Major intersections
See also
References
External links
New Jersey 5xx Routes (Dan Moraseski)
544
544
544
544 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/County%20Route%20544%20%28New%20Jersey%29 |
The War of the Roses (1981) is a novel by Warren Adler.
Plot introduction
The War of the Roses tells the story of Jonathan and Barbara Rose, and their descent from a picturesque family life into a world of macabre self-destruction.
Plot summary
The novel begins with the main characters, Jonathan and Barbara, as they are introduced to each other. Some years later, seem happily married in a Washington, D.C., suburb. They have a dream house, filled with a lifetime's worth of antiques that they have collected, two children (Eve and Josh), a dog and a cat. Both of them are successful with their work, and they have recently hired an au pair to aid in the upkeep of the house and the children. Jonathan is a successful lawyer, and Barbara has embarked on a gourmet business endeavour with a promising start.
However, when Jonathan has what is believed to be a heart attack, Barbara realizes she no longer loves him and would not be distraught if he died. Upon returning home, she tells her husband that their marriage is over and it has been for some time and he never realized it.
Barbara hires the best divorce attorney in town. Jonathan would like the divorce to go smoothly. He offers Barbara a monthly allowance, as well as half of everything they have. Barbara rejects the offer, demanding the house and all of its contents, reasoning that, as the homemaker, she was the one putting the house together, raising their children, and making it a home they both wanted. Jonathan refuses this rationale, puts an attorney of his own on a retainer, and opts not to move out, citing an old legal precedent which permits a couple to live under the same roof while going through a divorce.
Despite the warnings of their attorneys, both take it upon themselves to make the other miserable with sabotage, vandalism and violence.
Adaptation
In 1989, The War of the Roses was translated from novel to film, proving to be a huge success both financially and critically. The film starred Michael Douglas and Kathleen Turner and was directed by Danny DeVito, who also co-starred.
References
External links
Novel official website
1981 American novels
American novels adapted into films
Novels set in Washington, D.C. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20War%20of%20the%20Roses%20%28novel%29 |
Clinton Lawrence Rossiter III (September 18, 1917 – July 11, 1970) was an American historian and political scientist at Cornell University (1947-1970) who wrote The American Presidency, among 20 other books, and won both the Bancroft Prize and the Woodrow Wilson Foundation Award for his book Seedtime of the Republic.
Early life and education
Rossiter was born on September 18, 1917, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. His parents were Winton Goodrich Rossiter, a stockbroker, and Dorothy Shaw. Clinton grew up in Bronxville, New York, the third of four siblings: Dorothy Ann Rossiter, William Winton, Goodrich Rossiter, Clinton, and Joan Rossiter. He was raised to give priority to family and social expectations.
Rossiter attended Westminster preparatory school in Simsbury, Connecticut, and then attended Cornell University, where he graduated Phi Beta Kappa in 1939 and was a member of the Quill and Dagger society.
In 1942, Princeton University awarded him a Ph.D. for his thesis Constitutional Dictatorship: Crisis Government in the Modern Democracies.
Career
Immediately after American entry into World War II, Rossiter joined the United States Naval Reserves and served for three years as a gunnery officer, mostly on the in the Pacific Theater, reaching the rank of lieutenant.
Rossiter taught briefly at the University of Michigan in 1946, moving to Cornell University in 1947, where he rose from instructor to full professor in eight years.
He served as the chair of the Government Department from 1956 to 1959, when he was named John L. Senior Professor of American Institutions.
During the 1950s, Rossiter served as series editor for "Communism in American Life," published by the fund for the Republic, a nonprofit organization funded by the Ford Foundation.
He spent the 1960–1961 academic year as Pitt Professor of American History and Institutions at Cambridge University, England.
Personal life
Rossiter married Mary Ellen Crane in September 1947. They had three sons, each of whom were Cornell University graduates: David Goodrich Rossiter (1949), Caleb Stewart Rossiter (1951) (Caleb also attended Westminster), and Winton Goodrich Rossiter (1954).
Death
Rossiter died in his home in Ithaca, New York, on July 11, 1970, at age 52. The New York Times reported that his son Caleb Rossiter discovered his father's body in the home's basement. The cause of death was ruled a suicide by the Tompkins County, New York medical examiner and was widely reported.
Years after Rossiter's death, his son revealed that his father suffered a lifetime of debilitating clinical depression, which he could no longer extract himself from and overdosed on sleeping pills.
External events had much to do with Rossiter's final stages of depression. His beloved Cornell University was convulsed with racial conflict, including the infamous armed seizure of the student union building in April 1969. In response, Rossiter became prominent as a moderate voice among Cornell University faculty, urging some understanding of the African American students' frustrations, but he was branded a traitor by others faculty members, some of whom, including Allan Bloom, refused to speak to him again.
Legacy
For two decades after Rossiter's death, the academic mainstream in political science moved away from Rossiter's documentary, interpretative style, towards a quantitative, data-driven approach. However, in the 1990s and the early 21st century, political scientists have rediscovered the substantive and methodological concerns that Rossiter brought to his work and have found a renewed appreciation for his scholarly works.
In particular, following the events of 9/11, Rossiter's first book, the 1948 Constitutional Dictatorship: Crisis Government in the Modern Democracies (reissued in 1963 with a new preface), was reprinted for the first time in nearly forty years. In that germinal study, Rossiter argued that constitutional democracies had to learn the lesson of the Roman Republic to adopt and use emergency procedures that would empower governments to deal with crises beyond the ordinary capacities of democratic constitutional governance but to ensure that such crisis procedures were themselves subject to constitutional controls and codified temporal limits.
His 1787: The Grand Convention is still hailed as among the very best accounts of the Federal Convention and the making of the Constitution.
Although much has changed in American politics since 1970, especially the meanings of important (but constantly changing) terms like "conservative" and "liberal", his book on that ideologically charged subject remains a classic articulation (along with Louis Hartz's "The Liberal Tradition in America") of the integrity that words like liberalism and conservatism still have.
His edition of The Federalist Papers continues to be used as a standard text in high schools and colleges, but in the late 1990s, the publisher of that edition replaced Rossiter's introduction and analytic table of contents with a new introduction by Charles R. Kesler and a table of contents derived from Henry Cabot Lodge's 1898 edition. Rossiter's article, "A Revolution to Conserve," has been used to introduce generations of high school students to the origins of the American Revolution.
His 1964 monograph, Alexander Hamilton and the Constitution, studies the evolution and current relevance of Hamilton's political and constitutional thought, and his 1953 Bancroft Prize-winning Seedtime of the Republic investigates the roots of American thinking about politics and government in the years leading up to the American Revolution.
Major publications
Books
Constitutional dictatorship : crisis government in the modern democracies; Princeton : Princeton University Press; (1948); Republished New York, Harcourt, Brace & World (1963); Republished Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press; (1979); Republished New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction Publishers; (2002); online
Review: Hans J. Morgenthau, American Journal of Sociology, vol. 54, no. 6 (May, 1949), pp. 566–67
Documents in American Government; New York, W. Sloane Associates; (1949)
The Supreme Court and the commander in Chief; Ithaca, Cornell University Press; (1951); Republished New York, Da Capo Press; (1970); Republished Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press; (1976)
Seedtime of the Republic : the origin of the American tradition of political liberty; New York: Harcourt, Brace; (1953) online part 2
Conservatism in America; New York : Knopf; (1955) Republished Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press; (1982)
second revised edition published as Conservatism in America; the thankless persuasion; New York: Knopf and New York: Vintage Books (1962); Republished Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press; (1981)
The American Presidency; New York: Harcourt, Brace; (1956) online
Marxism: the view from America; New York: Harcourt, Brace; (1960) online
Parties and politics in America; Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press; (1960)
The American Presidency; New York: Harcourt, Brace; (1956); Republished New York: Harcourt, Brace; (1960); Republished New York: Time Inc. (1963); Republished Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press; (1987)
The Federalist papers; Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, John Jay; New York New American Library (1961); Republished New York: Mentor;(1999)
The three pillars of United States Government: the Presidency, the Congress, the Supreme Court; Washington, Distributed by U.S. Information Service; (1962)
The political thought of the American Revolution; New York: Harcourt, Brace & World; (1963)
Six characters in search of a Republic: studies in the political thought of the American colonies; New York: Harcourt, Brace & World (1964)
Alexander Hamilton and the Constitution; New York: Harcourt, Brace & World; (1964) online
1787: the grand Convention; New York: Macmillan; (1966); Republished New York: W.W. Norton, (1987) online
The American quest, 1790–1860: an emerging nation in search of identity, unity, and modernity; New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich (1971) online
Articles
"The President and Labor Disputes". The Journal of Politics Vol. 11, No. 1; Feb 1949, pp. 93–120.
"Instruction and Research: Political Science 1 and Indoctrination"; The American Political Science Review; Vol. 42, No. 3; Jun 1948, pp. 542–49
"The Reform of the Vice-Presidency"; Political Science Quarterly; Vol. 63, No. 3; Sep 1948, pp. 383–403
"A Political Philosophy of F.D. Roosevelt: A Challenge to Scholarship"; The Review of Politics; Vol. 11, No. 1; Jan 1949, pp. 87–95
"John Wise: Colonial Democrat"; The New England Quarterly; Vol. 22, No. 1; Mar 1949, pp. 3–32
"Constitutional Dictatorship in the Atomic Age"; The Review of Politics, Vol. 11, No. 4; Oct 1949, pp. 395–418
"What of Congress in Atomic War"; The Western Political Quarterly; Vol. 3, No. 4; Dec 1950, pp. 602–06
"The Political Theory of the American Revolution"; The Review of Politics; Vol. 15, No. 1; Jan 1953, pp. 97–108
"Impact of Mobilization on the Constitutional System"; Proceedings of the Academy of Political Science, Vol. 30, No. 3; May 1971, pp. 60–67
See also
Fund for the Republic
References
1917 births
1970 suicides
1970 deaths
American political scientists
Cornell University alumni
Cornell University faculty
Westminster School (Connecticut) alumni
Academics of the University of Cambridge
20th-century American historians
University of Michigan faculty
Drug-related suicides in New York (state)
20th-century American male writers
American male non-fiction writers
Bancroft Prize winners
United States Navy personnel of World War II
United States Navy officers
United States Navy reservists
20th-century political scientists | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinton%20Rossiter |
Aubertite is a mineral with the chemical formula CuAl(SO4)2Cl·14H2O. It is colored blue. Its crystals are triclinic pedial. It is transparent. It has vitreous luster. It is not radioactive. Aubertite is rated 2-3 on the Mohs Scale. The sample was collected by J. Aubert (born 1929), assistant director, National Institute of Geophysics, France, in the year 1961. Its type locality is Queténa Mine, Toki Cu deposit, Chuquicamata District, Calama, El Loa Province, Antofagasta Region, Chile.
References
Webmineral.com - Aubertite
Mindat.org - Aubertite
Handbook of Mineralogy - Aubertite
Copper(II) minerals
Halide minerals
Sulfate minerals
Triclinic minerals
Minerals in space group 2 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aubertite |
Charles Wilson Cross (November 30, 1872 – June 2, 1928) was a Canadian politician who served in the Legislative Assembly of Alberta and the House of Commons of Canada. He was also the first Attorney-General of Alberta. Born in Ontario, he studied law at Osgoode Hall Law School before coming west to practise in Edmonton. He became active with the Liberal Party of Canada, and when Alberta was created in 1905 he was chosen by Premier Alexander Cameron Rutherford to be its first Attorney-General. Implicated in the Alberta and Great Waterways Railway scandal, he resigned in 1910 along with the rest of Rutherford's government.
As a backbencher, he became the leader of Liberals opposed to the government of Rutherford's successor, Arthur Sifton, until Sifton re-appointed him Attorney-General in 1912. Cross served in this capacity under Sifton and his successor Charles Stewart until 1918, when Stewart fired him after receiving no response to his request for Cross's resignation. Cross remained in provincial politics until 1925, but in a radically diminished role. After leaving provincial politics, he was elected to the Canadian House of Commons, only to be defeated in his 1926 re-election bid. He died in 1928.
Early life
Cross was born in Madoc, Ontario to merchant Thomas Cross and his wife, Marie Mouncey. He studied at Upper Canada College, the University of Toronto, and Osgoode Hall Law School. He moved west to Edmonton in 1897, where he opened a law practice with William Short; it exists today as Duncan Craig LLP. When the idea of creating one or more new provinces out of the Northwest Territories gained currency, Cross was one of three people selected by Edmonton City Council to travel to Ottawa and ensure that Edmonton's interests were respected.
Provincial politics
Early provincial career
Cross was a Liberal, and fast established himself was one of the party's leading Edmonton lights. By some assessments, he was the second most influential Liberal in the city after Frank Oliver, the owner of the Edmonton Bulletin and local Member of Parliament. Once the decision was made to create the province of Alberta, the question emerged of who would govern it: the Northwest Territories were governed on a non-partisan basis by Premier Frederick W. A. G. Haultain, who was a Conservative in federal politics. Some Liberals, such as Peter Talbot, were amenable to Haultain's becoming the first Premier of Alberta, either as the head of a non-partisan government or one formed by a coalition of Liberals and Conservatives. Cross was not among them.
Cross's view prevailed, and Alberta's first Lieutenant-Governor, Liberal George Bulyea, invited Alexander Cameron Rutherford to form a government. Haultain went to Saskatchewan, created from a portion of the Northwest Territories at the same time as Alberta was, to lead the Provincial Rights Party. Though Cross was only 32, Rutherford named him to his cabinet as Alberta's first Attorney-General. In consequence, he was required to contest the 1905 election. He did so in the district of Edmonton, against Conservative William Antrobus Griesbach. Griesbach fought his campaign on the Liberal federal government's imposition on Alberta of a requirement to fund separate schools, an imposition to which older provinces were not subject. Cross won the election with such a margin that Griesbach lost his deposit.
One of the first questions considered by the new Legislative Assembly of Alberta was the choice of provincial capital. The terms of autonomy had made Edmonton the provisional capital, but there was a movement to make Calgary the permanent choice. This movement was led in the legislature by Minister of Public Works William Henry Cushing, Cross's cabinet colleague, who argued that it would be cheaper to build a legislature building in Calgary than in Edmonton and that Calgary was the economic centre of the province and therefore ought to be capital. Cross countered that Edmonton's history as capital of the Canadian fur trade and its geographic location close to the centre of the province gave it the stronger claim. Edmonton was eventually selected by a vote of 16 to 8. It would not be the last issue on which Cross and Cushing disagreed.
As Attorney-General, Cross was responsible for overseeing prosecutions. He was especially aggressive in his enforcement of the Sabbath Observance Act, which prohibited most business activities on Sundays. He also introduced new workers' compensation legislation, the highlight of which was making compensation automatic, rather than the result of a lawsuit by the injured worker. Though the bill addressed some of the labour movement's concerns, there remained many criticisms: it failed to fine employers responsible for workplace hazards, did not apply to injuries sustained while building or repairing buildings of less than in height, did not protect casual labourers, and limited compensation to a maximum of Can$1,500. In response to these concerns, Cross lowered the minimum building height to and raised the maximum compensation to $1,800. To assuage farm leaders, he also included an exemption for farm labour.
Railway scandal
Cross was re-elected in the 1909 election as one of two members elected in the newly expanded Edmonton district. Soon after, in February 1910, Cushing resigned from cabinet, stating that he disagreed with Rutherford's approach to railway policy and specifically with his actions regarding the Alberta and Great Waterways Railway (A&GW). The A&GW was one of several new railways to take advantage of the government's offer, made under considerable public pressure, of loan guarantees. Cushing and John R. Boyle attacked Rutherford's government, with the latter charging that the Deputy Attorney-General, S. B. Woods, had removed papers from the government's files on the A&GW. Cross denied these charges on his deputy's behalf. Boyle followed with a motion that the assets of the A&GW, which he believed was taking advantage of the government's guarantees to build a sub-standard railway at government expense, be expropriated. Cross led the government's opposition to the motion.
On March 9, Cross abruptly resigned as Attorney-General; Woods resigned the next day. Cross gave as his reason that Rutherford had told him that Cushing was re-entering cabinet, and Cross felt that that made his position untenable. Cushing gave a different account: he said that he had been asked by Rutherford to re-enter cabinet, and that the Premier had told him that if he did, Cross would resign. However, he denied ever having agreed to do so, and accused Cross of fabricating his story completely. Rutherford stayed silent until March 11, when he announced that he had refused Cross's resignation, and that he was still Attorney-General. Soon after, Boyle made his own set of accusations, saying that agents of the liquor license department, which was under Cross, had been demanding bribes from hoteliers in exchange for licenses and that Cross was aware of this. Cross denied the charge.
The crisis divided the Liberal Party into two camps: the pro-government Liberals, led by Cross and Rutherford, and the insurgent Liberals, led by Cushing and Boyle. The insurgents' objective was to replace Rutherford with Cushing. Though most important Liberals outside the legislature, including Bulyea and Oliver, lacked confidence in Rutherford, they had little more in Cushing. Some newspapers characterized the struggle as the visible element of a battle for influence between Oliver, long Alberta's most prominent Liberal, and Cross, seen as its rising star. Though Rutherford never actually lost a confidence motion, Bulyea pressured him to resign in favour of Arthur Sifton, the province's chief justice. Several of Cross's supporters attempted to extract a promise to keep Cross as Attorney-General in exchange for their support of Sifton's government, but Sifton was unwilling to agree. Rutherford eventually and reluctantly complied with Bulyea's wishes, and the rest of his government, including Cross, followed suit. Subsequent rumours suggested that Cross and his followers had agreed to resign only because of a belief that Sifton would be appointed to the Supreme Court of Canada after approximately a year as Premier, with Cross then being asked to form a government. A subsequent commission declined to find Cross guilty of wrongdoing in relation to the A&GW incident, but criticized him and Rutherford for granting over-generous terms to the railway.
Backbenches and return to cabinet
In keeping with Sifton's policy of excluding all prominent players in the A&GW affair from cabinet, Cross was not re-appointed (Cushing, Rutherford, and Boyle were also left out). Despite this, Cross declared his support for Sifton's government while restating his admiration for Rutherford's. In response to the A&GW's default of its obligations to the government, Sifton introduced a bill confiscating the money the A&GW had raised through the sale of government-guaranteed bonds. Cross, still a supporter of building the A&GW and concerned that the bill did not include a commitment to use the money to do so, opposed it. The bill passed, but was disallowed by the courts. Sifton, left with little choice but to use the money for the purpose for which it had been raised, announced a new policy of railway construction. At the same time, he invited Cross to resume his post as Attorney-General. Boyle was also admitted to cabinet, as Minister of Education; Cushing and Rutherford, the other major players in the A&GW affair, had withdrawn from the limelight, and neither would return to the legislature after the 1913 election. Cross accepted Sifton's offer, telling the public that Sifton's new railway policy "made it proper for me to support and join his government".
In keeping with custom at the time, once appointed to cabinet Cross resigned his seat in the legislature and contested it in a by-election. His by-election was held at the same time as four others, and while Liberal papers were unhesitant about endorsing the Liberal candidates in those, in Edmonton they gave Cross a somewhat bumpier ride. The Calgary Albertan, in an editorial advocating the return of Liberal candidates in all five by-elections, criticized Cross as "disloyal to [Sifton] in the beginning, and doubtless will be to the end." The Edmonton Bulletin, still owned by Oliver, complained that while in the other four by-elections voters were being asked to judge Sifton's government, in Edmonton it appeared that they were being asked to judge Rutherford's. Cross defeated his main opponent, Conservative Albert Ewing, but by a much smaller margin than he had managed in 1905 and 1909. Ewing claimed electoral fraud and appealed the outcome to the courts, but the 1913 election pre-empted his appeal. In that election, perhaps recalling the narrowness of his by-election win, Cross ran in two ridings, Edmonton and Edson. He won both (Ewing was the second victor from the two-member Edmonton district), making him the only person in Alberta history to represent two constituencies at the same time (though not the only one to try: Sifton also did so in 1913, and Boyle would in 1921). The Edmonton contest was a close contest and only after several recounts was Cross declared a winner.
Prohibition was gaining currency in Alberta: the Conservatives had included it in their 1913 platform, and it was supported by the increasingly powerful United Farmers of Alberta (UFA). The government generally opposed the idea, and Cross held up Manitoba as example of its failures. But the government had also (at the UFA's behest) introduced direct democracy measures, one of which allowed citizens to initiate plebiscites. The well-organized temperance movement did so on prohibition, which was endorsed by a majority of voters in the ensuing plebiscite; the legislature passed the Prohibition Act in the spring of 1916. As Attorney-General, Cross was responsible for enforcing it.
Conscription and the Stewart cabinet
In 1917, the Alberta Liberal Party, held delicately together since 1910, burst once again into conflict with the conscription crisis. The Conservative federal government of Robert Borden supported imposing conscription to help win World War I, and most of English Canada supported him. The Liberal leader, Wilfrid Laurier, opposed conscription, but many of the party's English-speaking members supported it and defected to a Borden-led Union government. This dispute had repercussions in the Alberta party: Sifton supported conscription, and shortly after winning the 1917 election (in which Cross was re-elected in Edson but did not run in Edmonton) resigned as Premier to move to federal politics and a ministry in Borden's government. Cross opposed conscription. In this he was joined by Oliver, and the two put aside years of animosity to campaign together for Laurier in the 1917 federal election. Cross regarded Laurier as something of a hero, and proclaimed that he was "fairly convinced that the first duty of Canadians to their country is to get rid of the crowd of profiteers at Ottawa who have brought the country to its present condition."
Sifton's successor as Premier was Charles Stewart, the Minister of Public Works in his cabinet. Stewart, who supported conscription but did not actively campaign for it or the Unionists, kept Cross as Attorney-General, despite rumours that he would not. Cross's major challenge was enforcing prohibition, which was proving challenging. The Conservatives, and in particular George Douglas Stanley, were unreluctant to accuse Cross of mismanagement. In the meantime, a rift was opening between Cross and Stewart (whom the Conservatives accused, somewhat ironically, of being unduly influenced by his Attorney-General). Stewart found Cross neglectful of his duties, and after Cross refused to dismiss two detectives from his department whose work Stewart felt could be better done by the Alberta Provincial Police, Stewart requested his resignation. When twelve days passed without a reply from Cross, Stewart fired him August 26, 1918. His replacement as Attorney-General was Boyle, his nemesis of the Alberta and Great Waterways era.
Cross remained in the legislature for several more years, but took no active role in its proceedings, and soon ceased to be regarded as a major force. He was re-elected in the 1921 election, making him and Boyle the only veterans of the first legislature still in office. The UFA, fielding candidates for the first time, won a majority of seats in the election, and Stewart resigned as Premier. Cross continued his indifferent performance as MLA until May 1925, when he resigned to enter federal politics.
Federal career and later life
Cross ran as a Liberal in the 1925 federal election in the riding of Athabaska, and defeated Donald Ferdinand Kellner, the Progressive incumbent from Edmonton East. Stewart, who had also left provincial politics, was elected in the adjacent Edmonton West. The Liberals, under incumbent Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King, won fewer seats than the Conservatives, but King decided to remain as Prime Minister anyway. As a result, Cross sat in the House of Commons of Canada throughout the King-Byng Affair. In the ensuing 1926 election, Cross was soundly defeated in a rematch with Kellner. Charles Wilson Cross died of a heart attack June 2, 1928, in Calgary.
Electoral record
Notes
References
External links
1872 births
1928 deaths
Alberta Liberal Party MLAs
Canadian people of Scottish descent
Canadian Presbyterians
Lawyers in Alberta
Liberal Party of Canada MPs
Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Alberta
People from Hastings County
University of Toronto alumni
Upper Canada College alumni
York University alumni
Members of the Executive Council of Alberta | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles%20Wilson%20Cross |
Tallahassee-St. Marks Historic Railroad State Trail is a rail trail and Florida State Park located on of the historic railbed of the Tallahassee Railroad, which ran between Tallahassee and St. Marks, Florida. The trail ends near the confluence of the St. Marks and Wakulla Rivers. The portion of the trail south of US 98 is designated as a portion of the Florida National Scenic Trail. A paved extension of the trail extends north for approximately into the City of Tallahassee.
Recreational activities
Activities include bicycling, skating, walking, jogging, and horseback riding. Amenities include a paved surface for those on foot or wheels and an unpaved trail for those on horseback. Parking is available at the trail head on SR 363/Woodville Hwy., just south of Tallahassee, as well as at the J. Lewis Hall Park in Woodville, the Wakulla Station Trailhead in Wakulla County, and the city park at the end of the trail in St. Marks.
Parks and recreational areas adjacent to the trail include the Munson Hills Off-Road Bicycle Trail system, which is accessible from the Tallahassee-St. Marks Historic Railroad State Trail parking area via the Paper Cup Trail spur, as well as from the Trail Access spur south of the main trail head off SR 363. J. Lewis Hall Park in Woodville, accessible south of the main trail head off SR 363; the Wakulla Station Trailhead, accessible south of the main trail head (and north of St. Marks) off SR 363; and the San Marcos de Apalache Historic State Park, located at the end of the trail in St. Marks. The Munson Hills Trails are popular with off-road bicyclists and have recently been expanded to in length between two main (Munson Hills and Twilight) trails. J. Lewis Hall Park hosts numerous youth baseball games, among other events. An "adaptable playground" designed for special needs children has recently been installed at the Wakulla Station Trailhead.
Starting in late 2009, according to Florida Greenways and Trails, the trail was completely resurfaced and widened to 12' in width. The portion of the trail south of the Wakulla Trailhead was reconstructed first, while the portion north of the Wakulla Trailhead was reconstructed after work was completed on the southern end of the trail. In conjunction with the trail construction, a new trailhead was built in the city of St. Marks near the current trail terminus. Construction was completed in early 2011.
Special events
The annual Tallahassee Marathon utilizes all of the City of Tallahassee portion and the northern six miles (10 km) of the State of Florida portion of the St. Marks Trail.
Hours
Florida state parks are open between 8 a.m. and sundown every day of the year (including holidays).
References and external links
Tallahassee-St. Marks Historic Railroad State Trail at Florida Department of Environmental Protection
Tallahassee-St. Marks Historic Railroad State Trail at Absolutely Florida
Tallahassee-St. Marks Historic Railroad State Trail at Wildernet
Tallahassee-St. Marks Historic Railroad State Trail at 100 Florida Trails
State parks of Florida
Parks in Leon County, Florida
Parks in Wakulla County, Florida
Rail trails in Florida
Bike paths in Florida | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tallahassee-St.%20Marks%20Historic%20Railroad%20State%20Trail |
Dear Brigitte is a 1965 American DeLuxe Color family–comedy in CinemaScope starring James Stewart and directed by Henry Koster.
Plot
Robert Leaf (James Stewart) is an American college professor, who won a Pulitzer for poetry and prizes the arts. Both Robert and Vina (Glynis Johns) are dedicated to the arts and prompt their children, Pandora and Erasmus, to develop artistic skills. The Leaf family lives on a houseboat in San Francisco. The Captain (Ed Wynn) sold the Leafs the boat and lives with them; he provides narration.
Professor Leaf, in particular, is dismayed to discover that eight-year-old Erasmus (Billy Mumy) is tone-deaf and colorblind, as he can't share the family's artistic pursuits. Moreover, Erasmus is a mathematical prodigy. The Professor is wary, wanting him to understand that this is only one part of his life. Erasmus agrees, but unwittingly calls media attention to himself by correcting figures at a bank. After, his parents become very determined that he have a normal child's life, and they decide to have him talk to a psychiatrist. Erasmus tells the psychiatrist that math is okay, but he really loves French movie star Brigitte Bardot and writes her love letters.
18-year-old Pandora (Cindy Carol) and her friends pay Erasmus to do their math homework (he uses the money for airmail stamps to send his letters to Brigitte). The Leafs take Erasmus for testing at the university; he agrees to be tested if they'll pay him. He answers questions correctly before the computer can calculate, and the officials push for more tests. The Leafs refuse, wanting him to have a normal childhood; besides, Erasmus wants to leave.
Called to the Dean's office, a sheriff informs the Professor that Erasmus has been using his skills to calculate bets for an undercover campus betting ring run by Ken Taylor (Fabian), Panny's boyfriend, who was paying him to pick winners. Accused of complicity, the Professor quits his job and storms home. He and Vina question Ken and Panny. When paid, Erasmus shows his parents that he calculates winners by reading daily racetrack newspaper entries; Panny reveals that he spends his earnings on stamps. Troubled, his parents discuss if Erasmus deciding odds for people is immoral/ethical or not, concluding it's wrong.
The Professor applies for unemployment and is told that he must wait two weeks for a check. Erasmus gives him the money that he's saved up from doing math problems, so that Panny can have a new prom dress. While buying it for her, they meet Dr. Peregrine Upjohn (John Williams), who admires the Professor. That evening, the Professor is delighted to learn from Erasmus' psychiatrist that his son loves Brigitte Bardot, as Erasmus has been unhappy with the attention paid to his math skills and this is such a regular interest.
Upjohn proposes they found the Leaf Foundation to fund liberal arts scholarships. The Professor and Vina love this idea. During their talk, students march to the houseboat, demanding that the Professor return to work; he accepts and announces the Foundation. Conferring, the Leafs decide that it isn't unethical to ask Erasmus if they can use his talent to fundraise for such a good cause.
Brigitte invites Erasmus to visit her in France. Upjohn suggests that Erasmus go, as it will promote the Foundation. The Professor accompanies him, Upjohn assisting the Leafs with their flight costs. At Brigitte's house, Erasmus stares at her adoringly, barely speaking, and asks for her autograph. The Professor takes a picture of them together, despite Erasmus looking at Brigitte, not at the camera. She gives him a puppy from her pet poodle and thinks he's adorable.
Upon returning, Erasmus calculates different bets to fundraise. While falling asleep one night, he says, "Fromage," leading the adults to think he's picking longest of long-shots, "French Cheese" in the sixth race. At the track the next day, he denies picking her, to everyone's horror. French Cheese wins her race, and the family is ecstatic. The Professor then realizes that Upjohn, who held the tickets, has left the stands. Upjohn, who is actually a con artist and plans to abscond with the funds, is collecting the winnings. The Professor finds him and grabs the bag of money, declaring that it's for the Foundation. The Dean affirms this statement. The press overhears and asks for a photo-op of the Professor, the Dean, and the Foundation's new endowment.
Cast
James Stewart as Professor Leaf
Fabian as Kenneth
Glynis Johns as Vina
Cindy Carol as Pandora
Billy Mumy as Erasmus
John Williams as Upjohn
Jack Kruschen as Dr. Volker
Charles Robinson as George
Howard Freeman as Dean Sawyer
Jane Wald as Terry
Alice Pearce as Unemployment Clerk
Jesse White as Argyle
Gene O'Donnell as Lt. Rink
Orville Sherman as Von Schlogg
Maida Severn as School Teacher
Pitt Herbert as Bank Manager
Adair Jameson as Saleslady
Marcel de la Brosse as Taxi Driver
and Ed Wynn as The Captain (also the narrator, who frequently breaks the fourth wall)
Production
The novel was published in 1963. There was some talk that Disney would option the film rights and cast Bing Crosby in the lead role. However rights were bought by 20th Century Fox who assigned the project to Nunnally Johnson, Henry Koster and James Stewart, the team that made Mr Hobbs Takes a Vacation and Take Her, She's Mine.
Johnson later said he "hadn't wanted to do" the film. "I didn't think there was enough material in it, but I really allowed myself to be persuaded to do it. Jimmie [sic] would sign if I would write it, and Koster would get a job if Jimmie [sic] would sign. It all got around that, one depending on another. There was no material in there that justified a picture."
Although Nunnally Johnson wrote early drafts of the film, Hal Kanter was brought in to work on it and he gets sole screen credit. Kanter says it was Henry Koster's idea to introduce a captain, played by Ed Wynn, to act as a Greek chorus.
Johnson said Koster got this idea from the film Tom Jones. Johnson did not like the device because he felt it did not suit the picture and told Koster to get another writer to do it. He told Koster "You'd better get a good gag man who does those one-line things. I don't do that, and I couldn't do it." Koster hired Kanter and Johnson asked to take his name off the film. Johnson says when he saw Stewart "he told me he didn't know I'd taken my name off of it. He was unhappy about the picture too, but there was nothing to do by then."
It was one of the first movies made at the recently re-opened 20th Century Fox studios.
Billy Mumy was cast on the recommendation of James Stewart's wife, Gloria Stewart, who taught a Sunday School class that Mumy attended.
Johnson later said, "Henry was an old-fashioned fellow, and If it hadn't have been for the fact that Jimmie [sic] Stewart was the leading man in the pictures, he would have expired much earlier than he did.
I'm afraid he's through now, you know. But I've seen him, and there's nothing sadder than these old directors who disappear and don't get jobs. In the old days, a fellow wrote a script, they hired a director. Now, quite often, unless they can get somebody like Willie Wyler or Billy Wilder or somebody like that, the writer directs it. This all goes to prove, to me anyway, that the old-time directors, were a real collection of frauds."
The film was the sixth straight acting role for Fabian since he quit singing. He had previously appeared in Mr Hobbs Takes a Vacation. He had never been to the races before being cast, so he researched his role by going to the races and developing a betting system.
There was some doubt Bardot would appear in the film but she relented and her scenes were shot in three days in Paris.
Reception
According to Fox records, the film needed to earn $4,500,000 in rentals to break even and made $2,920,000, meaning it made a loss.
See also
List of American films of 1965
References
Notes
External links
1965 films
1965 comedy films
20th Century Fox films
American comedy films
Brigitte Bardot
Cultural depictions of Brigitte Bardot
1960s English-language films
Films scored by George Duning
Films about con artists
Films based on American novels
Films directed by Henry Koster
Films set in Paris
Films set in San Francisco
Films with screenplays by Nunnally Johnson
CinemaScope films
1960s American films | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dear%20Brigitte |
is a professional Go player.
Biography
Murakawa was still just a 6th grader when he became a professional Go player at the Kansai Ki-in. He was only one month older than Iyama Yuta, making him the second youngest professional in Japan. This also made him the youngest Kansai Ki-in professional, edging out Yuki Satoshi by a small margin. Murakawa is the youngest ever tsumego (life and death) problem creator and number created. His rival is Iyama Yuta from the Nihon Ki-in whom he defeated in 2014 to become the Oza title holder. Murakawa is currently 8 dan. He has also won the Nagai award.
Titles and runners-up
External links
GoBase Profile
Sensei's Library
Kansai Ki-in Profile (Japanese)
1990 births
Japanese Go players
Living people | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daisuke%20Murakawa |
Cup of Sand is a two-CD collection of singles, B-sides and various rarities (including an Adam Ant cover and a David Bowie cover) released by Superchunk in 2003. The accompanying booklet is particularly meaty, as band members Mac McCaughan, Jim Wilbur, Laura Ballance and Jon Wurster weigh in with what they remember (or don't remember) about the songs.
Background
"Her Royal Fisticuffs" is the band's attempt at emulating the Mice. "The Mine Has Been Returned To Its Original Owner" features McCaughan on organ and a "Breadwinner-inspired" bassline by Ballance. According to McCaughan, the song is "a fiction involving a gardener, illegitimate children, and some sort of gothic family murder mystery".
"Dance Lessons", "Basement Life", and "Still Feed Myself" were recorded during the Foolish sessions at Pachyderm Studios. "Still Feed Myself" is, in McCaughan's words, an "anti-music biz invective".
"Fader Rules" and "Never Too Young to Smoke" are outtakes from the Here's Where the Strings Come In sessions. The opening chords of "Fader Rules" were taken from Here Comes My Girl, while the drum pattern was "completely lifted" from the Afghan Whigs song Miles Iz Ded.
"Does Your Hometown Care?" was on the soundtrack to the 1996 film SubUrbia. McCaughan describes the song as "our best Versus rip-off ever".
"The Length of Las Ramblas" features Ballance on the Moog synthesizer.
"Freaks in Charge" was written shortly before the 2004 United States presidential election, and is about "raising kids in a world run by monsters".
The cover of "Blending In" by Government Issue was recorded during the On the Mouth sessions and features Wilbur on lead vocals. Wurster describes it as "a tribute of sorts to our hardcore roots".
Track listing
Disc one
"The Majestic"
"Reg"
"Her Royal Fisticuffs"
"The Mine Has Been Returned To Its Original Owner"
"A Small Definition"
"Dance Lessons"
"Basement Life"
"Still Feed Myself"
"Fader Rules"
"Never Too Young To Smoke"
"Detroit Has A Skyline (acoustic)"
"Does Your Hometown Care?"
Disc two
"Beat My Guest"
"With Bells On"
"Clover"
"Sexy Ankles"
"White Noise"
"Thin Air"
"Scary Monsters (and Super Creeps)"
"1,000 Pounds (duck kee style)"
"The Length Of Las Ramblas"
"Becoming A Speck"
"The Hot Break"
"A Collection Of Accounts"
"Blending In" (Government Issue cover)
References
Superchunk albums
2003 compilation albums | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cup%20of%20Sand |
Brian Jason Wilson (born 9 May 1983) is an English former footballer who played as a defender.
Career
Stoke City
Wilson, born in Manchester, England, began his career at Stoke City. Wilson, who could play as a right-sided defender or midfielder, had made a handful of first-team appearances, coming through the youth-team ranks at the Britannia Stadium.
Cheltenham Town
On 13 December 2003, he was loaned to Cheltenham Town on a one-month deal in order to gain experience of first team football. The loan deal was then extended for a further two months in January 2004. Following his loan spell, Wilson sealed a permanent move to Cheltenham on 30 March 2004 on a three-year contract for an undisclosed fee. Wilson made 121 league appearances for Cheltenham, scoring 14 goals.
Bristol City
On 12 January 2007, Wilson signed for Bristol City for an undisclosed fee. Missing much of the 2008–09 season through injury, Wilson made 74 appearances for City, scoring once in the league.
Colchester United
On 29 June 2010, Wilson agreed to join Colchester United after being released by Bristol City, having played just four times for City during the previous season. It was the second time that Colchester manager John Ward had signed Wilson, as Ward signed him while Cheltenham manager in 2003 on loan and signed him permanently a year later. He scored his first goal for Colchester in a 3–2 win over Leyton Orient on 2 November 2010, and his second followed on 6 November 2010 in an FA Cup tie against Bradford City. On 15 May 2012, Wilson signed a two-year contract extension with Colchester, having been ever-present in the 2011–12 season. He became vice-captain during the 2012–13 season and stood in as captain during Kemal Izzet's absence through injury for much of the season. Following Izzet's departure from the club in September 2013, Wilson was named as Colchester's full-time captain on 3 September. Following the announcement of his promotion to club captain, Wilson duly scored in a Football League Trophy tie the same day, opening the scoring with a free kick in a 4–1 defeat against Dagenham & Redbridge.
Oldham Athletic
Wilson joined Oldham Athletic on 10 June 2014 on a two-year contract after turning down the offer of a new contract from Colchester United. On 4 July 2016 Wilson signed a one-year contract extension. He scored his first goal for Oldham in an EFL Trophy tie against Blackburn Rovers Under-23s on 8 November 2016.
He was released by Oldham at the end of the 2017–18 season, following their relegation.
Later career
He signed for Barrow on 16 July 2018. In September 2019 he joined Buxton. Wilson joined Matlock Town in January 2020 as player-assistant manager. Wilson announced his retirement from playing on 1 June 2020.
Wilson appointed manager of Alsager Town in February 2021.
Career statistics
Honours
Club
Cheltenham Town
Football League Two Playoff Winner (1): 2005–06
Bristol City
Football League One Runner-up (1): 2006–07
References
External links
1983 births
Footballers from Manchester
Living people
Men's association football midfielders
English men's footballers
Stoke City F.C. players
Cheltenham Town F.C. players
Bristol City F.C. players
Colchester United F.C. players
Oldham Athletic A.F.C. players
English Football League players
Barrow A.F.C. players
National League (English football) players
Buxton F.C. players
Matlock Town F.C. players | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brian%20Wilson%20%28footballer%2C%20born%201983%29 |
Alberta Provincial Highway No. 32, commonly referred to as Highway 32, is a north–south highway in west–central Alberta, Canada. From north to south, Highway 32 begins at its junction with Highway 33 in the Town of Swan Hills. It proceeds south for where it meets Highway 43 northwest of Whitecourt. After following Highway 43 southeast for , Highway 32 continues south from Whitecourt for , crossing the McLeod River, passing through the Hamlet of Peers, and ending at Highway 16 (Yellowhead Highway) approximately east of the Town of Edson.
Major intersections
From south to north:
References
032
Whitecourt | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alberta%20Highway%2032 |
Bone Cabin Quarry is a dinosaur quarry that lay approximately northwest of Laramie, Wyoming, near historic Como Bluff. During the summer of 1897 Walter Granger, a paleontologist from the American Museum of Natural History, came upon a hillside littered with Jurassic period dinosaur bone fragments. Nearby was a sheepherder cabin built entirely out of fossil bones, hence the name "Bone Cabin Quarry." After Granger's discovery in late August 1897, the quarry was kept secret until early 1898, when the manpower could be amassed to undertake a full-scale excavation. Henry Fairfield Osborn, curator of the American Museum of Natural History headed the expedition. The bones of perfect skeletons lay thickly crowded. , 483 parts of dinosaur were found, packed in 275 boxes with a weight of . The excavation area was only . Bone Cabin Quarry was excavated from 1898 until 1905, when the productivity of specimens thinned. Some of the dinosaurs found at the Bone Cabin Quarry include Stegosaurus, Allosaurus and Apatosaurus. Gargoyleosaurus is also known from the Bone Cabin Quarry West locality.
The Ornithopod Species Dryosaurus altus is also present in the Bone Cabin Quarry.
From the Annual Field Report of the American Museum of Natural History, 1898:
On June 12th a rich strike was made in opening "Bone Cabin Quarry". This is where the larger part of the year's collection was secured. The work was arduous and additional help was needed. P. Kaisen was engaged at the end of June. The party stayed here until the close of the field season on October 1st.
About southwest of Bone Cabin Quarry, a further quarry, called Nine Mile Quarry, was opened up in June 1899, near Nine Mile Crossing of Little Medicine Bow River. An incomplete Brontosaurus skeleton was recovered.
See also
List of fossil sites (with link directory)
References
Sources
Further reading
External links
TGPP Photos
Google Maps
Jurassic geology of Wyoming
Morrison Formation
Paleontology in Wyoming
Jurassic paleontological sites of North America
1897 in paleontology | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone%20Cabin%20Quarry |
Berborite is a beryllium borate mineral with the chemical formula Be2(BO3)(OH,F)·(H2O). It is colorless and leaves a white streak. Its crystals are hexagonal to pyramidal. It is transparent and has vitreous luster. It is not radioactive. Berborite is rated 3 on the Mohs Scale.
Berborite occurs in 1T, 2T, 2H polytypes.
It was first described in 1967 for an occurrence in the Lupikko Mine, Ladoga Region Karelia Republic, Russia. It has also been reported from Tvedalen, Larvik, Vestfold, and Siktesøya Island, Langesundsfjord, Porsgrunn, Telemark, Norway. It occurs in serpentine altered dolomite in association with skarn enriched in tungsten, strontium, beryllium and boron in the Karelia occurrence and in vugs with natrolite and thomsonite in Norway.
References
Beryllium minerals
Borate minerals
Trigonal minerals
Minerals in space group 143
Minerals in space group 158
Hexagonal minerals
Minerals in space group 173 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berborite |
"Fear of the Dark" is a song by English heavy metal band Iron Maiden. Written by Steve Harris, the band's bass player and primary songwriter, it serves as the title track to Iron Maiden's 1992 album Fear of the Dark.
The song has been covered by several different artists. In 2008, it was covered by Fightstar for Kerrang! magazine's Maiden Heaven tribute album.
The Flight 666 version of the song was released as downloadable content for the Rock Band video game series on 9 June 2009.
Lyrics
The song's lyrics tell the story of a man who has always been intensely afraid of the dark. He recalls the many times he has walked alone, and recollections of the feeling of being followed while walking at night. Strictly, the song is about paranoid ideas (fear of being watched or harmed by other persons) rather than phobia (fear of objects and situations), even though the latter is referred to in the lyrics ("Have a phobia that someone's always there"); darkness seems to be the context rather than the reason for the fear.
According to Bruce Dickinson, Steve Harris wrote this song because he himself was really afraid of the dark.
Personnel
Bruce Dickinson – vocals
Dave Murray – lead guitar
Janick Gers – lead guitar
Steve Harris – bass
Nicko McBrain – drums
Album appearances
Covers
Graveworm, for their 2001 album Scourge of Malice (often incorrectly attributed to Cradle of Filth or Children of Bodom).
Alternative rock band Fightstar performed a cover of the song for the Kerrang! Maiden Heaven tribute album.
Metal band Lonely The Brave covered the song and released as track 4 of Maiden Heaven Volume 2 tribute album in Kerrang Magazine Issue 1623.
It was performed by Chuck Billy, Craig Goldy, Ricky Phillips, and Mikkey Dee for the tribute album Numbers from the Beast.
The Finnish Metal/Rock band Sturm und Drang performed a cover of this song on their 2008 release Rock N' Roll Children as a bonus track
A cappella metal band Van Canto covered it on their second album Hero.
Doro Pesch performed with Blaze Bayley on a Classical live version in 2004 at Wacken Open Air with strings and acoustic guitars.
Pentagram (a.k.a. Mezarkabul) (only live).
Live single
A live version of the song was released on 1 March 1993 to promote A Real Live One, a live album featuring recordings from various concerts throughout the Fear of the Dark Tour. This song was recorded at the Helsinki Ice Hall on 27 August 1992. It is the 26th single released by the band, reaching number 8 in the UK charts.
Different tracks taken from the same album served as B-sides, including "Bring Your Daughter... to the Slaughter", "Be Quick or Be Dead", and "Tailgunner", in addition to "Hooks in You", recorded in 1990 during the No Prayer on the Road tour. The initial pressing of the 7" cut-to-shape vinyl picture disc listed "Hooks in You" as the B-side but actually played "Tailgunner". This mis-press was quickly corrected by EMI on future pressings.
"Fear of the Dark" was nominated for a Grammy Award in 1994 in the "Best Metal Performance" category, but lost to "I Don't Want to Change the World" by Ozzy Osbourne.
The single's cover art features Eddie playing Steve Harris' signature Fender Precision Bass.
Track listing
7" poster bag single
7" picture disc
Italy 12" maxi single
UK CD maxi single
Italy and The Netherlands CD maxi single
Chart performance
In popular culture
Film
In Fear Street Part One: 1994, the character Josh Johnson wears an Iron Maiden shirt and is shown listening to the song Fear of the Dark.
References
1992 songs
1993 singles
Iron Maiden songs
Songs written by Steve Harris (musician)
EMI Records singles | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fear%20of%20the%20Dark%20%28song%29 |
To the Left of the Father () is a 2001 Brazilian drama film produced, written, directed and edited by Luiz Fernando Carvalho, based on the novel of the same name by Raduan Nassar. The film follows a man (Selton Mello) who returns to his father's home after many years and falls in love with his sister (Simone Spoladore).
In 2015, the Brazilian Film Critics Association (Abraccine) placed To the Left of the Father among their list of 100 Greatest Brazilian Films of All Time.
Plot summary
The story concerns a young man living at home, André (Selton Mello), whose ideas are radically different from those of his farmer father (Raul Cortez). The father advocates order and restraint, which enhance his own power under the guise of family love. The son seeks freedom and pleasure, exemplified in his passion for his sister Ana (Simone Spoladore). When André moves to a seedy boarding house, his older brother Pedro (Leonardo Medeiros), is asked by their mother (Juliana Carneiro da Cunha) to bring him back. His return, however, will shatter the family's insular life.
Cast
Selton Mello - André
Pablo César Câncio - young André
Luiz Fernando Carvalho - André voice (narrator)
Raul Cortez - Father
Juliana Carneiro da Cunha - Mother
Simone Spoladore - Ana
Leonardo Medeiros - Pedro
Caio Blat - Lula
Denise Del Vecchio - prostitute
Samir Muci Alcici Júnior
Leda Samara Antunes
Felipe Abreu Salomão
Raphaela Borges David
Production
Aiming to maintain the connection with the poetic prose of Raduan Nassar's book, Luiz Fernando Carvalho elected to film without a defined script, based entirely on the actors' improvisations on the theme. This involved intensive coaching of the cast, secluded on a farm for four months. The film's creation and production process was discussed in the book About To the Left of The Father ("Sobre Lavoura Arcaica"), in which the director is interviewed by José Carlos Avellar, Geraldo Sarno, Miguel Pereira, Ivana Bentes, Arnaldo Carrilho and Liliane Heynemann, launched in Portuguese, English and French by the publisher Ateliê Editorial.
Reception
It was a success with the critics and the public, reaching 300,000 viewers with just two exhibition locations, one in Rio de Janeiro and the other in São Paulo.
Critical response
It is considered one of the 100 best Brazilian films of all time, according to the Brazilian Film Critics Association (Abraccine). In the opinion of writer and psychoanalyst Renato Tardivo, author of Porvir que vem antes de tudo – literatura e cinema em Lavoura Arcaica, the film is one of the most important works of Brazilian cinema “of all times”. The critic Carlos Alberto de Mattos described it as the first work of art of the Brazilian cinema in the 21st century. The film was acclaimed by the critics of various countries and, according to the French magazine Cahiers du Cinéma, To the Left of the Father is a "barbarous poem verging on hallucination, of extraordinary power".
Accolades
It had a successful career in a number of national and international festivals, receiving over 50 awards at the Montreal World Film Festival, the Rio Film Festival, the São Paulo International Film Festival, the Grand Prix for Brazilian Film, the Brasília Film Festival, the Havana Film Festival, the Cartagena Film Festival, the Guadalajara International Film Festival, the Buenos Aires International Festival of Independent Cinema, among others.
References
External links
Lavoura Arcaica Official Site
To The Left of The Father - Mostra de Cinema de SP
A La Gauche du Pere - Comme au Cinema
A La Gauche du Pere - AlloCine
Lavoura Arcaica - Festival do Rio
2001 drama films
2001 films
Brazilian drama films
Films based on Brazilian novels
Incest in film
Films directed by Luiz Fernando Carvalho | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/To%20the%20Left%20of%20the%20Father |
In mathematics, the Denjoy theorem gives a sufficient condition for a diffeomorphism of the circle to be topologically conjugate to a diffeomorphism of a special kind, namely an irrational rotation. proved the theorem in the course of his topological classification of homeomorphisms of the circle. He also gave an example of a C1 diffeomorphism with an irrational rotation number that is not conjugate to a rotation.
Statement of the theorem
Let ƒ: S1 → S1 be an orientation-preserving diffeomorphism of the circle whose rotation number θ = ρ(ƒ) is irrational. Assume that it has positive derivative ƒ(x) > 0 that is a continuous function with bounded variation on the interval [0,1). Then ƒ is topologically conjugate to the irrational rotation by θ. Moreover, every orbit is dense and every nontrivial interval I of the circle intersects its forward image ƒ°q(I), for some q > 0 (this means that the non-wandering set of ƒ is the whole circle).
Complements
If ƒ is a C2 map, then the hypothesis on the derivative holds; however, for any irrational rotation number Denjoy constructed an example showing that this condition cannot be relaxed to C1, continuous differentiability of ƒ.
Vladimir Arnold showed that the conjugating map need not be smooth, even for an analytic diffeomorphism of the circle. Later Michel Herman proved that nonetheless, the conjugating map of an analytic diffeomorphism is itself analytic for "most" rotation numbers, forming a set of full Lebesgue measure, namely, for those that are badly approximable by rational numbers. His results are even more general and specify differentiability class of the conjugating map for Cr diffeomorphisms with any r ≥ 3.
See also
Circle map
References
Kornfeld, Sinai, Fomin, Ergodic theory.
External links
John Milnor, Denjoy Theorem
Dynamical systems
Diffeomorphisms
Theorems in topology
Theorems in dynamical systems | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denjoy%27s%20theorem%20on%20rotation%20number |
Bonk's Revenge, known as in Japan and PC Kid 2 in Europe, is a 2D platformer set in prehistory, originally for the PC Engine/TurboGrafx-16 console, created in 1991 by the Red Company for Hudson Soft, and licensed by NEC. This is the second title in the Bonk series, and it was re-released for the TurboGrafx-16 in 1992 on the Gate of Thunder 4-in-1 game CD-ROM. A completely different game with the same name appeared on the Game Boy, whereas the original version was re-released for Wii Virtual Console and on the Japanese PlayStation Store. It was also released in Japan on Windows Store on December 13, 2013, and on Wii U Virtual Console on March 12, 2014. The title is also playable on the Turbografx-16/PC Engine Mini Console.
Gameplay
This time, the titular large-headed caveman is on a quest to recover half of the Moon, which was stolen by the evil King Drool III. Its multiple stages each contain several specific areas, which range from outdoors to trains to space to underwater. As in most platformers, Bonk has several crucial abilities: the I button causes him to jump; the II button causes him to "bonk," an action in which Bonk slams his head forward, inflicting a killing blow on most enemies; I jump-II combo causes Bonk to headbutt the Earth, killing enemies he lands on and creating a damaging shock wave; Holding down the II button in midair causes Bonk to spin and hover, allowing for long, controlled jumps. Bonk can also use his large mouth to grip onto allowed surfaces for climbing.
Bonk's health is reflected in heart containers, similar to games in the Zelda series. Taking damage will cause Bonk to lose a certain amount of hearts, and hearts can be refilled through items, such as fruit, collected throughout the game. Bonk can also attain blue hearts that increase his amount of hearts, allowing him to effectively gain more health as the game progresses. The game also features Smileys, similar to coins in the Mario series, which are helpful when the player gets to the bonus round after each boss because they can get extra lives. Bonk can also turn invincible when he collects a large meat or two small meats, and can gain an extra life when he collects a small model of himself.
Power-up forms
Bonk is able to power-up and change into various forms by eating meat.
With one small piece of meat, when he Bonks, a cloud floats towards enemies, freezing them when they come in contact. When he spins in the air, he has a cloud surrounding him. When he lands on his head, it freezes all enemies on-screen.
With an additional small piece or one large piece, he becomes fully powered up and becomes temporarily invincible. In this form, he breathes fire, which destroys any enemies that come into contact with it. When spinning, he is surrounded by fire, & when he lands, it causes damage to all enemies, and instantly destroys most, but not all of them on-screen.
Variations in gameplay
In the Game Boy version of this title, Bonk can turn into one of three unique heroes: Master Bonk, Hungry Bonk, or Stealth Bonk. Becoming Master Bonk dresses Bonk in a cape, provides him with Vulcan-esque ears, and gives him the ability to move faster and jump higher. Becoming Hungry Bonk gives Bonk an animalistic appearance with evil eyes and a mouth full of razor-sharp teeth, and gives Bonk the ability to chew enemies to death, as well as providing him with a much stronger headbutt that can kill nearby foes. Becoming Stealth Bonk dresses Bonk in a striped jail outfit, and gives him the ability to enter special locked doors that lead to areas such as the bank, where Bonk can collect Smileys, the butcher's, where Bonk can eat more slabs of meat in hope for a different power-up, and jail, where Bonk loses a portion of his Smileys.
Grabbing one of many tulips scattered throughout the game carries Bonk to a special bonus stage where he can face off against Mechabonk -- a RoboCop-esque version of Bonk—in a best-of-three battle to "bonk" one another off the edge of a small stage. Winning two rounds provides Bonk with an extra life, while a loss transforms Bonk into Wounded Bonk, where Bonk resembles a mummy and takes twice as much damage as usual.
The game overall is very similar to games in the Mario series, providing linear, side-scrolling action, multiple power-ups, and several small boss confrontations leading up to a final boss. Its treatment of power-ups is similar as well: taking a hit while powered-up causes Bonk to take no damage, but instead lose his power. For those who struggle with the game, the game offers passwords after game overs, so the player does not need to start over from the beginning.
Reception
In the United Kingdom, PC Kid 2 was the top-selling PC Engine game in September 1991.
Reviewing the Game Boy game, GamePro commented that the game is fun but too short and easy, offering "not much more than an afternoon or two of challenge." Entertainment Weekly gave the game a B. French gaming magazine gave PC Kid II a 97% score.
Notes
References
External links
The Bonk Compendium (Covering all games and references to Bonk)
Game Boy games
TurboGrafx-16 games
Virtual Console games
Virtual Console games for Wii U
PlayStation Network games
Windows games
Platformers
1991 video games
Red Entertainment games
Bonk (series)
Single-player video games
Video games developed in Japan
Video games scored by Hirohiko Takayama
Video game sequels | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonk%27s%20Revenge |
TDK Mediactive was the brand name used by Japanese company TDK as a media subsidiary in Europe, and as a video game publishing subsidiary in North America.
TDK Mediactive Europe
TDK Mediactive Europe was a division of TDK Recording Media Europe founded in 1999 that published video games, software and DVDs under the TDK brand.
In April 2000, TDK Mediactive Europe announced they would secure exclusive international publishing rights to Sound Source Interactive's products. This continued after the purchase of the company by TDK in September, with TDK Mediactive Europe became the exclusive European Publishing partner for technology and content licenses held by TDK Mediactive, Inc., which included publication and localisation However, TDK Mediactive Europe continued to publish and distribute their own titles, such as Knights of the Temple: Infernal Crusade.
On September 6, 2001, TDK Mediactive Europe supplied an exclusive North American licensing agreement to allow TDK Mediactive, Inc. to publish video games based on Mercedes-Benz.
On March 15, 2002, the company signed a deal with O3 Games to publish Templar. In June, it moved from Bascharage, Luxembourg, to Ratingen, Germany, where TDK Electronics Europe was already located.
On May 4, 2005, TDK Mediactive Europe signed a publishing deal with Playlogic Entertainment to allow the latter to publish their existing video game titles. The fate of the TDK Mediactive Europe company itself is currently unknown, although the company's website still remains open.
Video games
Take-Two Licensing
TDK Mediactive, Inc. (formerly Sound Source Interactive, Inc., later renamed Take-Two Licensing, Inc.) was an American video game publisher based in Westlake Village, California. Founded as Sound Source Interactive by Vincent Bitetti in March 1990, the company acquired BWT Labs in March 1998. In September 2000, the company was acquired by TDK and became TDK Mediactive. Take-Two Interactive acquired the company's North American operations in September 2003, renaming itself as Take-Two Licensing the following December. With the foundation of Take-Two Interactive's 2K Games label in January 2005, Take-Two Licensing was effectively folded into the new subsidiary.
History
Sound Source Interactive was founded in 1988 by Vincent Bitetti. In March 1998, Sound Source Interactive announced that they had acquired BWT Labs, a Berkeley, California-based video game developer.
On September 11, 2000, TDK acquired a 72% controlling stake in Sound Source Interactive, with an initial investment of , followed by another of , totaling to . The buyout resulted in Sound Source rebranding under the TDK Mediactive name, with the company's founder, Vincent Bitetti, remaining chief executive officer and Shin Tanabe, President of TDK Recording Media Europe and the European division of TDK Mediactive, becoming the publisher's chief operating officer. As TDK Mediactive, the company published various video games, of which many based on licensed properties. With this, TDK inherited Sound Source's existing licenses with Universal Pictures for The Land Before Time and The Harvey Entertainment Company for the Harvey Comics characters, among others.
On December 20, 2000, the company signed an exclusive video game licensing deal with DreamWorks SKG to produce and publish games based on Shrek.
On April 13, 2001, the company signed a five-year deal with clothing brand No Limits to publish games based on the license. At E3 2001, the company secured the video game licensing rights to RoboTech from Mattel. The company later signed a deal with The Beanstalk Group to produce games based on Dinotopia. In November 2001, the company announced to publish games for the GameCube. This was followed with a licensing agreement from DC to produce video games based on Aquaman in December.
The company continued gaining exclusive video game rights to franchises through 2002. They secured a deal with Jim Henson Interactive to produce games based on The Muppets in April, a Nintendo-only deal with Hasbro for the Tonka franchise in May (under a sub-licensing agreement with Infogrames), and Disney Interactive with Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl and The Haunted Mansion from Disney Interactive in July. On October 18, 2002, the company launched TDK Impulse, a publishing label intended for games that had "broad consumer appeal and a low price point".
In January 2003, the company purchased the video game licensing rights to the UFC from Crave Entertainment. May 2003, the company announced a co-publishing collaboration with Activision to co-publish a video game tie-in to Shrek 2.
On September 3, 2003, TDK Mediactive, Inc. announced that they were to be acquired by Take-Two Interactive for an estimated . The transaction was finalized on December 2, 2003, with 23,005,885 shares, valued at , and another in cash awarded to TDK.
Afterwards, Take-Two rebranded TDK Mediactive, Inc. as Take-Two Licensing, Inc. and received all their licenses except for the Shrek license, which was fully obtained Activision after they signed a new deal with DreamWorks, with Activision terminating its previous existing licensing agreement they previously had with TDK for Shrek 2 games.
On January 25, 2005, Take-Two Interactive announced the opening of publishing label 2K Games, into which Take-Two Licensing was folded.
Games published
As TDK Mediactive
As Take-Two Licensing
References
Take-Two Interactive divisions and subsidiaries
Video game publishers
Video game companies established in 1990
Video game companies disestablished in 2005
Defunct video game companies of the United States
Defunct companies based in Greater Los Angeles | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TDK%20Mediactive |
Andrew George Sherratt (8 May 1946 – 24 February 2006) was an English archaeologist, one of the most influential of his generation. He was best known for his theory of the secondary products revolution.
Early life and education
Sherratt was born in Oldham, Lancashire on 8 May 1946. From 1965, he studied archaeology and anthropology at Peterhouse, Cambridge University, completing his degree in 1968. He received his PhD from Cambridge in 1976, writing his thesis on The Beginning of the Bronze Age in south-east Europe.
Academic career
He moved to Oxford, having been appointed Assistant Keeper of Antiquities at the Ashmolean Museum in 1973. He was a reader at the University of Oxford from 1997 and Professor from 2002. Oxford remained his academic home until 2005, when he took up a professorship at the University of Sheffield. Sherratt travelled widely and received international recognition for his work. He was invited to give the prestigious Human Context and Society lectures at Boston University in 1998 and his topic was Between Evolution and History: long-term change in human societies.
Research
Sherratt's most cited publication was Plough and pastoralism: aspects of the secondary products revolution''', published in 1981 in 'Pattern of the Past: Studies in Honour of David Clarke' , the first article in which he described his idea of a secondary products revolution.
He regularly contributed outside of his main field, for instance through a position on the editorial board of the historical journal Past and Present. His ability to work at a continental, even global, scale of analysis has invited comparisons with V. Gordon Childe.
Analysis at the continental scale led him into adaptation of world-systems theory to questions of change on the large scale in archaeology, notably in the first volume of the Journal of European Archaeology ( 'What would a Bronze Age world system look like? Relations between temperate Europe and the Mediterranean in later prehistory' ) and in his 1995 David Clarke Memorial Lecture, also published in JEA: 'Reviving the grand narrative: Archaeology and long-term change' . Such interests in linking across continents meant that Andrew maintained an interest in all the major shifts in humanity from global colonisation, through the spread of agriculture to the development of metallurgy and urbanism, including the Indo-European question and the development of new forms of consumption. A collection of his most significant publications in many of these areas appeared in 1997 as Economy and Society in Prehistoric Europe: changing perspectives.
Sherratt's interest in broad scale patterns in history attracted perhaps his most prestigious accolades, such as when the University of Chicago's historian William McNeill conferred a portion of the prestigious Erasmus Prize he won in 1996 upon Sherratt. The Erasmus Prize, awarded annually by the Dutch Praemium Erasmianum Foundation 'for exceptionally important contributions to European culture', requires the winner to pass on his prize-money to chosen nominees.
Sherratt recognised the importance of psychoactive drugs and medicine to early culture, and he was co-editor of Consuming Habits, Drugs in History and Anthropology. Sherratt was invited to present the four part television series, Sacred Weeds, which aired to critical acclaim in 1998.
Sherratt was always a stimulating and inspirational teacher. He had a significant hand in designing Oxford's undergraduate course in archaeology and anthropology, playing a key role as an interlocutor in the development of a new generation of archaeologists who drew from social anthropology as well as archaeology. However, presenting his ideas at the appropriate scale has been a constant challenge, as is reflected in an early edited work, the Cambridge Encyclopedia of Archaeology, published in 1980 and subsequently translated into German, French, Italian, Dutch and Swedish.
Shortly before his death of a heart attack in Witney (near Oxford), Andrew had initiated a project, ArchAtlas, that uses modern remote sensing technology, combined with image and text, to graphically communicate complex patterns of change and interaction across time and space.
Personal life
Sherratt married Susan Sherratt in 1974; they had three children and also co-authored several academic articles.
References
Footnotes
Bibliography
Obituary in The Independent 6 March 2006
Obituary on the University of Sheffield web site
Obituary in The New York Times''.
Video
Sacred Weeds: Salvia Divinorum
Sacred Weeds: Henbane
Sacred Weeds: Blue Lily
Sacred Weeds: Amanita Muscaria
1946 births
2006 deaths
English archaeologists
Indo-Europeanists
People associated with the Ashmolean Museum
People from Oldham
Alumni of Peterhouse, Cambridge
Statutory Professors of the University of Oxford
Academics of the University of Sheffield | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew%20Sherratt |
The Best: Sittin' In Again is the 10th release by singer-songwriter duo Loggins and Messina, a compilation album released in mid-2005. This release was timed to preview the duo's subsequent reunion tour. It contains most of their hits and provides a retrospective view of their music from 1971 to 1974. The 18 tracks appearing on the collection were personally selected by Loggins and Messina. Six of the tracks are from their debut album Sittin' In, six are from their 2nd release Loggins and Messina, four are off the 3rd album Full Sail, and two are featured on their 4th LP Mother Lode. No tracks from either of their last two studio albums (So Fine, Native Sons) are included.
This compilation CD received some mixed reviews, however, because its emphasis was on songs performed on the duo's reunion tour, rather than a familiar "greatest hits" album. As such, some classic hits that were not performed, like "Thinking Of You" and "My Music", are also excluded from the CD.
Track listing
"Watching the River Run" (Kenny Loggins, Jim Messina) – 3:28
"Travelin' Blues" (Messina) – 3:43
"Your Mama Don't Dance" (Loggins, Messina) – 2:49
"Be Free" (Messina) – 6:59
"Till The Ends Meet" (Loggins) – 3:09
"Nobody But You" (Messina) – 3:00
"House at Pooh Corner" (Loggins) – 4:24
"A Love Song" (Loggins, Dona Lyn George) – 3:12
"Danny's Song" (Loggins) – 4:16
"Long Tail Cat" (Loggins) – 3:49
"Just Before the News" (Messina) – 1:11
"Listen to a Country Song" (Messina, Al Garth) – 2:49
"Good Friend" (Messina) – 4:05
"Same Old Wine" (Messina) – 8:17
"Changes" (Messina) – 3:50
"Angry Eyes" (Loggins, Messina) – 7:42
"Sailin' The Wind" (Loggins) – 6:10
"Vahevala" (Daniel Loggins, Dann Lottermoser) – 4:46
Musical credits
Kenny Loggins – vocals, rhythm guitar, harmonica, acoustic guitar
Jim Messina – vocals, lead guitar, mandolin, acoustic guitar, dobro
Merel Bregante – drums, backing vocals
Chris Brooks – koto
Vince Charles – steel drums
Jon Clarke – tenor saxophone, baritone saxophone, soprano saxophone, bass clarinet, flute, oboe, English horn, recorder, alto flute, bass flute, steel drums
Victor Feldman – percussion
Al Garth – violin, tenor saxophone, alto saxophone, flute, steel drums, recorder, bass clarinet
Milt Holland – percussion
Michael Omartian – Hammond organ, piano, concertina, Hohner clavinet, steel drums, tack piano, Wurlitzer electric piano, harmonium
Don Roberts – tenor saxophone, flute, bass flute, soprano saxophone, alto flute, alto saxophone, bass clarinet
Larry Sims – bass, backing vocals
David Wallace – synthesizer
Production
Original session producer: Jim Messina
Compilation producer: Jeff Magid
Engineers: Alex Kazanegras, George Beauregard, Jim Messina, Corey Bailey, John Fiore
Mastering: Bernie Grundman
Photography: Ed Caraeff, Suzen Carson, Bruce Ditchfield, Urve Kuusik, Sandy Speiser, Tyler Thornton
Cover photo: Marsha Reed
Liner notes: David Wild
Loggins and Messina albums
2005 greatest hits albums
Columbia Records compilation albums
Albums produced by Jim Messina (musician)
Albums produced by Kenny Loggins | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Best%3A%20Sittin%27%20in%20Again |
Gurëz is a village in the former Fushë Kuqe Commune, Lezhë County, northwestern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became part of the municipality Kurbin.
References
Populated places in Kurbin
Villages in Lezhë County | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gur%C3%ABz |
The British International School of New York (BIS-NY) was established in 2006 at Waterside Plaza, an upscale development on the East River in the Kips Bay neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City. The student body is a mix of British expatriates, American nationals and students from a mix of other countries, and includes both boys and girls. The school serves students from age three up to upper school. Its facilities include a swimming pool, secured playground, gymnasium, and Smart Boards in every classroom. The school offers rolling admissions, so that children can enter the school throughout the year, as long as there is space available. This is particularly helpful for families who have been transferred internationally at short notice.
The school teaches a mix of the English National Curriculum blended with the methodology of the International Baccalaureate. French and Spanish are taught at every level of the school, with other languages available as after-school options. Individual music lessons are also offered in addition to the class lessons, and a summer camp is run through the months of June to August.
The school's enrollment has increased regularly, which has led to the school's continued expansion. Recently, the school opened a new building adjacent to the cafeteria which contains an office and two classrooms specifically designed to meet the needs of the older students as they head into middle school. From September 2018 the school launched its Upper School, with IGCSE and A-Level programmes to its students.
The British International School of New York is the sister school of Abercorn School in London, England and has been recognised as a Good Schools Guide International School as well as being accredited by the International Baccalaureate as a World School and COBIS and ISI accredited.
Clubs and extracurricular activities
The school has a debate team that participates in the English-speaking Union Big Apple Debate league.
Most clubs run from 3:30pm–4:30pm on school days, though some clubs can run to 5:30 or 6:00. The clubs include Arabic, Ballet, Chess, Coding, Fencing, Global Chefs, Ice Skating, Karate, Mandarin, Robotics, Table Tennis, and Yoga.
Some notable clubs of the school include Empire State of Sound (the school's show choir) and the school play, which have recently performed Peter Pan, Wizard of Oz, Bye Bye Birdie, Oliver, and Beauty and the Beast, with casts of up to 70 children from grades 3–8.
Houses
The student body is divided into three houses: Glennie, Shakespeare, and King. Students are placed into these houses on arrival to the school. Students play games in their houses and raise money for the charity that their house supports.
See also
American schools in the United Kingdom:
The American School in London
American School in England
References
Notes
External links
Article in The New York Times
Abercorn School, London official website
Nursery's website
Article in the New York Sun
The Blackboard Awards
British American Business welcomes BIS-NY
Waterside Plaza News
British-American culture in New York (state)
British international schools in the United States
International Baccalaureate schools in New York (state)
Educational institutions established in 2006
Private K-12 schools in Manhattan
Kips Bay, Manhattan
International schools in New York City
2006 establishments in New York City
For profit schools in Manhattan | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British%20International%20School%20of%20New%20York |
Julius Bernard Lester (January 27, 1939 – January 18, 2018) was an American writer of books for children and adults and an academic who taught for 32 years (1971–2003) at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. Lester was also a civil rights activist, a photographer, and a musician who recorded two albums of folk music and original songs.
Early life and family
Born on January 27, 1939, St. Louis, Missouri, Julius Lester was the son of W. D. Lester, a Methodist minister, and Julia (Smith) Lester. In 1941, the family moved to Kansas City, Kansas, and then to Nashville, Tennessee, in 1952. In 1960 he received his BA from Fisk University in Nashville, Tennessee, with a major in English and minors in Art and Spanish.
In 1961 he moved to New York City where he was a folk singer and a photographer for the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee.
Lester married Joan Steinau in 1962. They had two children, Jody Simone (1965) and Malcolm Coltrane (1967). They divorced in 1970. In 1979 he married Alida Carolyn Fechner, who had a daughter, Elena Milad. Fechner and Lester had a son together named David Julius. They divorced in 1991. He married Milan Sabatini in 1995. His stepdaughter from this marriage is Lián Amaris.
Civil rights years
During college, Lester became involved in the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). Among his major efforts in those years was participation in the 1964 Mississippi Summer Project. His experiences during "Freedom Summer" were documented in a 2014 documentary The Folk Singer, which aired as part of the American Experience series on PBS. Lester also traveled to North Vietnam with SNCC to photograph and write about the damage caused by U.S. bombing missions there.
During his New York years, Lester hosted Uncle Tom's Cabin, a radio show on WBAI-FM (1968–75); and co-hosted (with Jonathan Black) Free Time, a television show on WNET-NY (Channel 13), for two years. He taught guitar and banjo and worked as a folk singer "singing at rallies, and hootenannies and fundraising events in New York for SNCC." He recorded two albums of traditional and original songs for Vanguard Records: Julius Lester (1966) and Departures (1967). And he performed on the coffeehouse circuit. A compilation of songs from both albums was released on a CD, Dressed Like Freedom, on Ace Records in 2007.
Lester's 1966 essay "The Angry Children of Malcolm X," is considered one of the definitive African-American statements of its era. As his reputation grew, Lester wrote Look Out, Whitey! Black Power's Gon' Get Your Mama! (Dial, 1968), which he characterized as the "first book about the black power movement by someone inside the black power movement".
Conversion to Judaism
In 1982 Lester converted to Judaism. He has said that his conversion journey began when he was seven and learned that his maternal great-grandfather, Adolph Altschul, was a Jewish immigrant from Germany, who married a freed slave. He adopted the Hebrew name Yaakov Daniel ben Avraham v’Sarah. He was a leader of the Beth El Synagogue in St. Johnsbury, Vermont, from 1991 to 2001.
Academic career
From 1968 to 1970, alongside his activities as a radio host in New York, Lester taught Afro-American history at the New School for Social Research. In 1971 he began teaching at the University of Massachusetts Amherst as a visiting lecturer in the Afro-American Studies department; he became an associate professor in the department in 1975 and a full professor in 1977.
In 1988, Lester came into conflict with his colleagues in the Afro-American Studies department upon the publication of his book Lovesong, which chronicles his conversion to Judaism. In the book he refers to a lecture at the university by the renowned author James Baldwin several years earlier, and characterizes certain remarks that Baldwin made as antisemitic. In March 1988, in a unanimous step, the Afro-American Studies faculty wrote a letter to the university administration recommending that Lester be reassigned to a different department. Following negotiations that involved the chancellor of the university, the dean of the faculty, and Lester himself, Lester transferred to the Judaic and Near Eastern Studies department (where he had held a joint appointment since 1982), and remained there for the rest of his university career, until his retirement at the end of 2003.
During his 32 years at the university, Lester taught courses in five departments: Comparative Literature ("Black and White Southern Fiction"), English ("Religion in Western Literature"), Afro-American Studies ("The Writings of W. E. B. Du Bois"), ("Writings of James Baldwin"), ("Literature of the Harlem Renaissance"), ("Blacks and Jews: A Comparative Study"), and Judaic Studies ("Biblical Tales and Legends") and ("The Writings of Elie Wiesel"), History ("Social Change and the 1960s"), one of the university's largest and most popular courses.
Lester was awarded all three of the university's most prestigious faculty awards: the Distinguished Teacher's Award, the Faculty Fellowship Award for Distinguished Research and Scholarship, and the Chancellor's Medal, the university's highest honor. The Council for Advancement and Support of Education selected him as the Massachusetts State Professor of the Year 1986.
Creative endeavors
In addition to performing songs and recording albums, Lester wrote eight nonfiction books, 31 children's books, one book of poetry and photographs (with David Gahr), and three adult novels. His first book was an instructional guide to playing the 12-string guitar, co-authored with Pete Seeger. Among the awards his books received were the Newbery Honor, Boston Globe-Horn Book Award, Coretta Scott King Award, National Book Award finalist, ALA Notable Book, National Jewish Book Award finalist, National Book Critics Circle Honor Book, and the New York Times Outstanding Book Award. His books have been translated into eight languages.
He published more than 200 essays and book and film reviews for such publications as The New York Times Book Review, The New York Times Op-Ed page, The Boston Globe, Village Voice, The New Republic, Sing Out!, Moment, Forward and Dissent.
His photographs have been included in an exhibit of images from the civil rights movement at the Smithsonian Institution. He had solo shows at the University of Massachusetts Student Union Gallery, the Forbes Library, Northampton, Mass., Valley Photo Center, Springfield, Mass., and the Robert Floyd Photography Gallery, Southampton, Mass.
Death
Lester died of complications from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on January 18, 2018, after a brief hospitalization.
Written works
The Folksinger's Guide to the 12-String Guitar as Played by Leadbelly, Lester and Pete Seeger (1965)
Look Out, Whitey! Black Power Gon' Get Your Mama (1968)
To Be a Slave (1968)
Search for the New Land (1969)
Revolutionary Notes (1969)
Black Folktales (1969)
The Seventh Son: The Thoughts and Writings of W. E. B. DuBois (1971)
Two Love Stories (1972)
Long Journey Home: Stories from Black History (1972)
The Knee-High Man and Other Tales, illustrations by Ralph Pinto (1972)
Who I Am, photographs by David Gahr (1974)
All Is Well (1976)
This Strange New Feeling (1982)
Do Lord Remember Me (1984)
The Tales of Uncle Remus: The Adventures of Brer Rabbit, illus. Jerry Pinkney (1987)
Lovesong: Becoming a Jew (1988)
More Tales of Uncle Remus: Further Adventures of Brer Rabbit, His Friends, Enemies, and Others, illus. Jerry Pinkney (1988)
How Many Spots Does a Leopard Have? And Other Tales, illus. David Shannon (1989)
Further Tales of Uncle Remus: The Misadventures of Brer Rabbit, Brer Fox, Brer Wolf, the Doodang, and Other Creatures, illus. Jerry Pinkney (1990)
Falling Pieces of the Broken Sky (1990)
The Last Tales of Uncle Remus, illus. Jerry Pinkney (1994)
The Man Who Knew Too Much, illus. Leonard Jenkins (1994)
And All Our Wounds Forgiven (1994)
John Henry, illus. Jerry Pinkney (1994)
Othello: A Novel (1995)
Sam and the Tigers, illus. Jerry Pinkney (1996)
From Slaveship to Freedom Road, paintings by Rod Brown (1998)
Black Cowboy, Wild Horses: A True Story, illus. Jerry Pinkney (1998)
What a Truly Cool World, illus. Joe Cepeda (1999)
When the Beginning Began, illus. Emily Lisker (1999)
Albidaro and the Mischievous Dream, illus. Jerry Pinkney (2000)
Pharaoh's Daughter: A Novel (2000)
The Blues Singers: Ten Who Rocker the World, illus. Lisa Cohen (2001)
When Dad Killed Mom (2001)
Ackamarackus: Julius Lester's Sumptuously Silly Fantastically Funny Fables, illus. Emilie Chollat (2001)
Why Heaven Is Far Away, illus. Joe Cependa (2002)
Shining, illus. John Clapp (2003)
The Autobiography of God (2004)
Let's Talk About Race, illus. Karen Barbour (2005)
On Writing for Children and Other People (2005)
Day of Tears: A Novel in Dialogue (2005)
The Old African, illus. Jerry Pinkney (2005)
Time's Memory (2006)
Cupid: A Novel (2007)
Guardian (2008)
The Hungry Ghosts (2009)
The Girl Who Saved Yesterday (2016)
Awards
Book awards
Newbery Honor, 1969, and Lewis Carroll Shelf Award, 1971, both for To Be a Slave
Lewis Carroll Shelf Award, 1972, and National Book Award finalist, 1973, both for The Long Journey Home: Stories from Black History
Lewis Carroll Shelf Award, 1973, for The Knee-high Man and Other Tales
Coretta Scott King honor, 1983, for This Strange New Feeling, and 1988, for Tales of Uncle Remus: The Adventures of Brer Rabbit
Parents' Choice Story Book award, 1987, for The Tales of Uncle Remus, and 1990, for Further Tales of Uncle Remus
Reading Magic Award, 1988, for More Tales of Uncle Remus
Boston Globe–Horn Book Award, American Library Association Notable Book, and Caldecott Honor, all 1995, all for John Henry
ALA Notable Book, 1996, for Sam and the Tigers: A New Telling of Little Black Sambo, illustrated by Jerry Pinkney – runner-up for the 2016 Phoenix Picture Book Award
Coretta Scott King Award, 2006, for his novel Day of Tears: A Novel in Dialogue
Other awards
Distinguished Teacher's Award, 1983–84
Faculty Fellowship Award for Distinguished Research and Scholarship, 1985
National Professor of the Year Silver Medal Award, Council for Advancement and Support of Education, 1985
Massachusetts State Professor of the Year and Gold Medal Award for National Professor of the Year, Council for Advancement and Support of Education, both 1986
Distinguished Faculty Lecturer, 1986–87.
References
Further reading
"Julius Lester". Authors and Artists for Young Adults, Volume 51. Gale Group, 2003.
Lester, Julius. Lovesong: Becoming a Jew, 1988.
Oppenheimer, Joel. "The Soul that Wanders". The New York Times. January 31, 1988. Retrieved 2015-09-11.
External links
SNCC Digital Gateway: Julius Lester, Documentary website telling the story of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee and grassroots organizing, created by the SNCC Legacy Project and Duke University.
Manuscript Finding Aids at Jones Library (Amherst, MA)
Julius Lester at Profotos.com
Activists for African-American civil rights
History of civil rights in the United States
African-American children's writers
American non-fiction children's writers
American humanities academics
American male novelists
University of Massachusetts Amherst faculty
Newbery Honor winners
African-American novelists
Jewish American writers
Fisk University alumni
Converts to Judaism from Methodism
African-American Jews
20th-century American novelists
21st-century American novelists
20th-century American male writers
21st-century American male writers
American people of German-Jewish descent
Novelists from Massachusetts
Novelists from Missouri
Writers from St. Louis
1939 births
2018 deaths
20th-century African-American writers
21st-century African-American writers
21st-century American Jews
African-American male writers
African-American banjoists | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius%20Lester |
Fritz Bracht (18 January 1899 – 9 May 1945) was the Nazi Gauleiter of Gau Upper Silesia.
Career
After training as a gardener, Bracht entered military service in 1917, and was deployed at the front until the end of World War I. Thereafter, he found himself a prisoner of the British, until 1919.
On 1 April 1927, Bracht joined the Nazi Party with membership number 77,890 and was appointed leader of the NSDAP district of Sauerland in October 1928. He held the same position as of 1 March 1931 in Altena. Elected to the Prussian Landtag in April 1932, he was also elected to the Reichstag in November 1933. He was appointed to the post of Deputy Gauleiter of Gau Silesia on 1 May 1935, serving under Gauleiter Josef Wagner. He also served briefly as acting Deputy Gauleiter in Wagner's other jurisdiction, Gau Westphalia-South from 1 to 15 August 1936.
When Silesia was split into two Gaue, Upper Silesia and Lower Silesia on 27 January 1941, Bracht succeeded Wagner as the Gauleiter of the new Upper Silesia. He also succeeded to the position of Oberpräsident (High President) of the new Province of Upper Silesia, thus uniting under his control the highest party and governmental offices in the province. On 16 November 1942 he was named Reich Defense Commissioner in his Gau. On 20 April 1944, he was promoted to the rank of SA-Obergruppenführer. Within Bracht's jurisdiction was Auschwitz concentration camp.
In 1944, with war threatening Silesia, Bracht ordered that air defence facilities in his Gau be upgraded and made stronger, however, he could not prevail upon the Armament Ministry to do so. Major offensives were launched against Upper Silesia beginning in January 1945 and hostilities continued in the area into May. As the Red Army marched into Silesia at the war's end, Bracht and his wife both committed suicide by poisoning themselves with potassium cyanide on 9 May 1945.
Decorations and awards
1914 Iron Cross, 1918
Golden Party Badge
Honour Chevron for the Old Guard, 1934
The Honour Cross of the World War 1914/1918 with Swords, 1934
Anschluss Medal, 1939
War Merit Cross 2nd Class without Swords and 1st Class without Swords, 1941
Golden Hitler Youth Badge with Oak Leaves, 22 September 1941
References
Bibliography
Joachim Lilla (Bearbeiter): Statisten in Uniform. Die Mitglieder des Reichstags 1933–1945. Droste Verlag, Düsseldorf 2004, .
Joachim Lilla (Bearbeiter): Die stellvertretenden Gauleiter und die Vertretung der Gauleiter der NSDAP im „Dritten Reich“. Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Bremerhaven 2003, (= Materialien aus dem Bundesarchiv, Heft 13).
Michael Rademacher: Handbuch der NSDAP-Gaue 1928–1945. Die Amtsträger der NSDAP und ihrer Organisationen auf Gau- und Kreisebene in Deutschland und Österreich sowie in den Reichsgauen Danzig-Westpreußen, Sudetenland und Wartheland. Lingenbrink, Vechta 2000, .
Wolfgang Stelbrink: Die Kreisleiter der NSDAP in Westfalen und Lippe. Versuch einer Kollektivbiographie mit biographischem Anhang. Nordrhein-Westfälisches Staatsarchiv, Münster 2003, (= Veröffentlichungen der staatlichen Archive des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen, Reihe C, Band 48).
Mirosław Węcki: Fritz Bracht (1899–1945). Nazistowski zarządca Górnego Śląska w latach II wojny światowej. Katowice 2014, .
Mirosław Węcki: Fritz Bracht - Gauleiter von Oberschlesien. Biographie (Paderborn: Brill / Ferdinand Schöningh, 2021), ISBN 978-3-506-70713-0
External links
Bild und Biografie im Handbuch des Reichstags
1899 births
1945 suicides
1945 deaths
People from Lage, North Rhine-Westphalia
People from the Principality of Lippe
German Calvinist and Reformed Christians
Nazi Party politicians
Members of the Reichstag 1933–1936
Members of the Reichstag 1936–1938
Members of the Reichstag 1938–1945
Prussian politicians
Gauleiters
Sturmabteilung officers
German Army personnel of World War I
German prisoners of war in World War I
World War I prisoners of war held by the United Kingdom
Holocaust perpetrators in Poland
Joint suicides by Nazis
Nazis who committed suicide in Germany
Suicides by cyanide poisoning | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fritz%20Bracht |
A Justice of the Supreme Court of British Columbia, Ian Bruce Josephson gained national attention overseeing the trial of two persons accused of bombing Air India Flight 182, the largest mass-murder in Canadian history.
Josephson articled at the Nelson law firm of Stewart Enderton, and became notable in 1975 for being named a Provincial Court judge at the age of only 29. Nine years later he was named associate chief judge, and in 1988 became chief judge. In 1989 he was appointed to the County Court of Westminster, and in 1990, with the merging of British Columbia's court system, he was renamed as a judge of the province's Supreme Court
In 2012, Ripudaman Singh Malik, a former suspect in the Air India case who was found not guilty by Judge Josephson, wanted the B.C. government to pay for $9.2 million that he had to spend to defend himself in the Air India terrorism case. Malik was shot and killed on July 14, 2022, in Surrey, British Columbia.
Judge Josephson presided over the case of the 1995 Gustafsen Lake Standoff. Calls for a public inquiry were made in response to his sentencing.
References
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Judges in British Columbia
Air India Flight 182
Canadian lawyers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian%20Josephson |
Steven D. McDonald (March 1, 1957 January 10, 2017) was a New York City Police Department patrolman who was shot and paralyzed on July 12, 1986. The shooting left him quadriplegic.
Shooting
A former U.S. Navy hospital corpsman and third generation NYPD police officer, McDonald was shot in the line of duty by 15-year-old Shavod Jones, one of three boys he was questioning about bicycle thefts in Central Park. McDonald and a co-worker were on patrol in Central Park because there had been reports about a robbery in the park. While attempting to question Jones, McDonald noticed something in another boy's sock, and when he wanted to see what it was, Jones shot McDonald three times. The first bullet hit him in the head, above his eye; the second hit his throat and caused him to have a speaking disability; and the third shattered his spine, paralyzing him from the neck down and leaving him quadriplegic and in need of a ventilator.
Several months after he was shot, McDonald reported to the press that he had forgiven Jones for his actions. McDonald discussed the reasons for his forgiveness in some detail in the foreword of a 2014 book titled Why Forgive?, written by friend and pastor Johann Christoph Arnold.
Jones served nine years in prison for the shooting and had called McDonald to apologize, but the two never met in person after the incident. Jones was killed in a motorcycle crash on September 10, 1995, four days after his release on parole.
Personal life and death
McDonald's wife, Patricia Ann "Patti" McDonald, was elected Mayor of Malverne on Long Island in March 2007. At the time of the shooting, they had been married for less than a year and Patti was pregnant with their son Conor, who followed his father's footsteps by joining the NYPD in 2010. Conor had attained the rank of Sergeant in the force by the time of his father's passing.
Steven McDonald died on January 10, 2017, at the age of 59, after having a heart attack a few days prior but died from his injuries. He was given a full police funeral at St. Patrick's Cathedral with Cardinal Dolan presiding over the Mass. Thousands of civilians and law enforcement officers gathered inside and outside the cathedral to pay their final respects and goodbyes, and the Mass was broadcast on the city's PIX 11 out of respect for McDonald's legacy. Phillip Phillips, winner of the eleventh season of American Idol, was invited to the wake service and performed his hit song "Home" because it was one of McDonald's favorites, according to his son, Conor.
Breaking the Cycle program
McDonald further promoted his message of forgiveness following his shooting by founding Breaking the Cycle, a program promoting nonviolent conflict resolution. McDonald attended assemblies at high schools or middle schools to tell the students about his personal story of forgiveness. The program was started after McDonald traveled to Northern Ireland multiple times from 1997 to 1999 with his friends Mychal Judge and Johann Christoph Arnold to promote forgiveness in the wake of the conflicts there.
Following his death, McDonald's wife and son have continued working with Breaking the Cycle by telling his story of forgiveness to students.
Steven McDonald Extra Effort Award
The New York Rangers of the National Hockey League (NHL) established the Steven McDonald Extra Effort Award in his honor following the 1987–1988 NHL season. McDonald would personally present a Ranger with a trophy and a $25,000 check (in the player's name) made out to the Steven McDonald Foundation.
References
Further reading
. Pocket Books, 1991.
Why Forgive, pp 172–192. Plough Publishing, New York, 2010.
https://www.breakingthecycle.com/about
http://pix11.com/2017/01/10/nypd-det-steven-mcdonald-dead-at-59-lead-inspiring-life-after-1986-shooting-paralyzed-him/
Obituary
1957 births
2017 deaths
New York City Police Department officers
New York Rangers
People with tetraplegia
Place of birth missing
United States Navy corpsmen
Military personnel from New York City
Place of death missing
American shooting survivors | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steven%20McDonald |
George Dallas Sherman (August 23, 1844 – November 3, 1927) was an American bandleader.
Sherman was born in Richmond, Vermont, United States, the son of Hathaway and Relief Sherman. At the age of 14, he joined the Richmond Cornet Band and soon became its leader. He left this band in 1864 to join the 9th Vermont Infantry as a musician during the American Civil War. After the war he came to live in Winooski, where he married Mary A. Thompson and became a band teacher.
In 1878 he organized, with much coaxing from the citizens of Burlington, Sherman's Military Band, made up of musicians from the dormant Queen City Band. This band came to be well known all over the East as one of the finest touring Military Bands.
After Sherman retired from the band in 1917, the group became known as the Burlington Military Band under the exceptional directorship of Dr. Joseph Lechnyr, an influential Vermont musician. George Sherman continued to live on Sherman Street (which many erroneously believe to be named after him) until November 3, 1927, the date of the great flood. On that day, while crossing the street near his home at the corner of Sherman and Battery Street (on the park side of Battery St.) at the age of 83, he was struck by a car and died two hours later of multiple lacerations and a fractured skull. His funeral was attended by Grand Army of the Republic comrades, and the Masonic Ritual was held at his graveside. He left three children at the time of his death.
Although Sherman is well remembered as one of the first leaders of what is known today as the Burlington Concert Band, he is also remembered for his fine marches, some of which were used by John Philip Sousa in his concert tours. A website has only three of Sherman's pieces, as many were lost in a fire in the same year as his death.
Marches
Listed in the Daily Free Press, January 26 1888
Salute To Burlington
Free Press March
Stannard Post March
Published by Jean Missud of Salem, Massachusetts
Listed in the Daily Free Press, March 28, 1891
Rock Point Cadets
The Watchman
The Independent
Published by Oliver Ditson & Co.
Listed in the Daily Free Press, March 31, 1892
General William Wells
General William Greenleaf
Vermont University
Cecilian March dedicated to the Ladies Quartette of St. Johnsbury
The Belle of America (listed as "American Belle" HEBM V.II) Seitz 1893
Sherman Military Band
Listed in the Heritage Encyclopedia of Band Music Vol II, October 1991
American Union (Coleman, 1894)
The Body Guard (John Church Co, 1903)
the Brownie's Reception (Church, 1895)
Burlington Commandery K.T. [Knights Templar](Gay, 1893)
Cavalcade (Church, 1895)
Coleman's March (Coleman, 1893)
Evangeline (Seitz, 1893)
The Floral Ball (Church, 1896)
The Herald (Missud, 1889)
Hero's Command (Church, 1895)
Hope Beyond, dirge (Church, 1895)
Invitation to the Wedding (Coleman, 1894)
The King's Daughters, grand march (Church, 1895)
The Millionaires (Church, 1896)
Olive Branch (Barnhouse, 1907)
Pilot (Missud, 1888)
Prima Donna (Gay 1893)
Remembrance of Stave Island (Church, 1895)
St. Valentine (Church, 1896)
The Stranger (Coleman, 1894)
Vermont National Guards (Coleman, 1894)
With Majesty (Colena, 1893)
Non marches
Algonquin Overture (Church, 1897)
Cupid's Captive, waltz (Church, 1895)
Dance of the Flower Girl (Coleman, 1895)
Fleur de Luce, schottische (Church, 1898)
Message of Love Waltz (Coleman, 1893)
Rainbow Mazurka (Barnhouse, 1895)
Scamper Galop (Coleman, 1894)
Books
The Heritage Encyclopedia of Band Music : Composers and Their Music, William H. Rehrig, Paul E. Bierley (Editor), October 1991,
References
1844 births
1927 deaths
People from Richmond, Vermont
American male musicians
American bandleaders
People of Vermont in the American Civil War
Musicians from Burlington, Vermont
United States military musicians
American male conductors (music) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Dallas%20Sherman |
Osebo is the common name for the leopard character in Ashanti folk tales. According to one tale, Anansi captured him alongside Onini the python and the Mmoboro hornets, to give to the sky god Nyame in exchange for his stories. Anansi captures Osebo by digging a pit in his favorite path. When Osebo falls into the trap, Anansi offers his help by lowering a branch and offering it to Osebo. Anansi tells Osebo to tie his tail to the branch, and he does so because his trust on Anansi. However, the branch is actually a hunting trap and he is caught, killed, and skinned by Anansi.
African gods | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osebo |
DMHS may refer to:
Dalton L. McMichael High School, in Mayodan, North Carolina
Danbury Museum and Historical Society, in Danbury, Connecticut
Del Mar High School, in San Jose, California, U.S.
Desert Mountain High School, in Scottsdale, Arizona, U.S.
Downtown Magnets High School, in Los Angeles, California, U.S.
Drayton Manor High School, Hanwell, Ealing, England
Dubai Modern High School, in Dubai, U.A.E
Duncan MacMillan High School, in Sheet Harbour, Nova Scotia, Canada | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DMHS |
Colin "Popeye" Doyle (born September 8, 1977) is a Canadian former professional lacrosse player and captain for the Toronto Rock of the National Lacrosse League and the Six Nations Chiefs of Major Series Lacrosse.
National Lacrosse League (NLL) career
Doyle was born in Kitchener, Ontario. He began his NLL career in 1998, playing for Ontario Raiders. He scored 34 goals and 27 assists, leading the Raiders in scoring. He was named NLL Rookie of the Year.
In 1999, the Raiders moved to Toronto, becoming the Toronto Rock, where they won their first of 6 NLL Championships. Doyle finished first or second in Rock scoring every year from 1999 until 2005, and was named league MVP in 2005. He has been named playoff MVP an unprecedented three times — in 1999, 2002, and 2005.
On December 27, 2006, the Rock traded Doyle, Darren Halls, and a draft pick to the San Jose Stealth for Ryan Benesch, Kevin Fines, Chad Thompson, and two draft picks.
Just after the 2009 season began, Doyle was named by Paul Tutka of NLLInsider.com as the top player in the league, stating that Doyle "has become today's most stellar offensive leader, creating a relationship with Jeff Zywicki that is turning out to be one of the most lethal in the NLL." Tutka also praised Doyle's commitment to his teammates:
Doyle was named a starter to the All-Star Game in both 2009 and 2012.
On December 14, 2009, almost three years after they traded him away, the Rock re-acquired Doyle from the Stealth for Lewis Ratcliff, Tyler Codron, and Joel Dalgarno.
On November 9, 2016, Doyle announced his retirement from lacrosse.
Major League Lacrosse (MLL) career
2008 - Member of Rochester Rattlers, MLL Champions
2009 - Member of Toronto Nationals (now Hamilton Nationals), MLL Champions
Mann Cup career
The Mann Cup is the trophy awarded to the senior men's lacrosse champions of Canada. The championship series is played between the British Columbia Western Lacrosse Association (WLA) champion and the Ontario Major Series Lacrosse (MSL) champion.
Doyle has been a Mann Cup winner with both a WLA team and an MSL team.
2001 - Member of Coquitlam Adanacs, winners of the Mann Cup, WLA champions
2003 - Member of Brampton Excelsiors (MSL), finalists in the Mann Cup, MSL champions
2007 - Member of Coquitlam Adanacs, finalists in the Mann Cup, WLA champions
2008 - Member of Brampton Excelsiors (MSL), winners of the Mann Cup, MSL champions
2009 - Member of Brampton Excelsiors (MSL), winners of the Mann Cup, MSL champions
2013 - Member of Six Nations Chiefs, winners of the Mann Cup, MSL champions
2014 - Member of Six Nations Chiefs, winners of the Mann Cup, MSL champions
Bible of Lacrosse Mann Cup Stats
MSL Statistics 2010-2014 - Colin Doyle
MSL Statistics 2009 - Colin Doyle
WLA Statistics 2007 - Colin Doyle
WLA Statistics 2005 - Colin Doyle
International lacrosse career
2002 - Member of Team Canada, finalists in the Heritage Cup and World Lacrosse Championship
2003 - Member of Team Canada, winners of the World Indoor Lacrosse Championships in Hamilton, Ontario
2004 - Member of Team Canada, winners of the Heritage Cup
2006 - Member of Team Canada, winners of the World Lacrosse Championship in London, Ontario
Statistics
NLL
Reference:
References
Awards
1977 births
Canadian expatriate lacrosse people in the United States
Canadian lacrosse players
Canadian people of Irish descent
Lacrosse forwards
Lacrosse people from Ontario
Living people
National Lacrosse League All-Stars
National Lacrosse League major award winners
San Jose Stealth players
Sportspeople from Kitchener, Ontario
Hamilton Nationals players
Toronto Rock players | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colin%20Doyle%20%28lacrosse%29 |
Berkley Bridge may refer to:
Berkley Bridge (Virginia), a bridge on Interstate 264 in Norfolk, Virginia
Berkley-Dighton Bridge, a bridge between Berkley and Dighton over the Taunton River in Massachusetts, known locally as the Berkley Bridge | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkley%20Bridge |
Chen Shiyuan (; born 1985) is a Taiwanese professional Go player.
Biography
He is a 9 dan professional in Taiwan. In 2000, he went to South Korea and studied under Kwon Kab-Ryong. He spent 5 years in Korea, before moving back to Taiwan in 2005.
Promotion record
Career record
2006: 43 wins, 20 losses
2007: 44 wins, 15 losses
2008: 40 wins, 21 losses
2009: 55 wins, 11 losses
2010: 46 wins, 15 losses
2011: 21 wins, 3 losses
Titles and runners-up
Total: 19 titles, 12 runners-up.
External links
GoBase Profile
Sensei's Library Profile
1985 births
Living people
Taiwanese Go players
Sportspeople from Taipei
Go players at the 2010 Asian Games
Asian Games competitors for Chinese Taipei | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chen%20Shih-yuan |
Gundars Vētra (born 22 May 1967) is a Latvian former professional basketball player and a current coach.
Standing at , he played at the shooting guard and small forward positions. He was the first Latvian to play in the National Basketball Association (NBA). He appeared in 13 games for the Minnesota Timberwolves during the 1992–1993 season.
Coaching career
After finishing his playing career, Vētra became a coach. He first started as head coach of Barons, leading them to their first ever LBL finals appearance in 2005. For the 2005-06 season he was an assistant to Sharon Drucker with Ural Great. Following a season in Russia, Vētra returned to Latvia, where he re-united with Barons. His second stint with Barons wasn't as good as expected, and Vētra left them to try his hand in women's basketball. After four seasons in Russia he went back to Latvia, joining BK Ventspils, where his team made the Latvian League finals.
Personal life
Vētra has two daughters who played NCAA Division I college basketball. Laura played at Fairfield Stags from 2009 to 2013. Ruta was a guard at NJIT Highlanders from 2013 to 2017.
NBA career statistics
Regular season
|-
| align="left" | 1992–93
| align="left" | Minnesota
| 13 || 0 || 6.8 || .475|| 1.000 || .667 || .6 || .5 || .2 || .0 || 3.5
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:left;"| Career
| style="text-align:left;"|
| 13 || 0 || 6.8 || .475 || 1.000 || .667 || .6 || .5 || .2 || .0 || 3.5
External links
Gundars Vētra at basketball-reference.com
1967 births
Living people
BC Spartak Saint Petersburg coaches
BK VEF Rīga players
Basketball players at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Galatasaray S.K. (men's basketball) players
Latvian basketball coaches
Latvian expatriate basketball people in Italy
Latvian expatriate basketball people in Russia
Latvian expatriate basketball people in Turkey
Latvian expatriate basketball people in the United States
Latvian men's basketball players
Minnesota Timberwolves players
National Basketball Association players from Latvia
Olympic basketball players for the Unified Team
People from Ventspils
Rochester Renegade players
Shooting guards
Small forwards
Soviet men's basketball players
Undrafted National Basketball Association players
1990 FIBA World Championship players
Goodwill Games medalists in basketball
Competitors at the 1990 Goodwill Games
Expatriate sports coaches | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gundars%20V%C4%93tra |
Janisse Ray (born February 2, 1962) is an American writer, naturalist, and environmental activist.
Early life and education
Ray was born in a small town, Baxley, Georgia, the county seat of Appling County, in the southeast region of the state. She is the daughter of loving parents, Franklin D. and Lee Ada Branch Ray. She grew up with one sister, Kay, and two brothers, Steve and Dell. Ray’s family was deeply rooted in the area where she grew up, going back at least six generations. Ray’s ancestors were listed in the first census in Appling county in 1820 and the town of Baxley was named for an ancestor as well. From 1980 to 1982, she attended North Georgia College where she found her passion for ecology, which led her to her career. She received a Bachelor of Arts from Florida State University and a Master of Fine Arts from the University of Montana.
Career
Ecology of a Cracker Childhood (1999) recounts Ray's experiences growing up in a junkyard, the daughter of a poor, white, fundamentalist Christian family. In the book she surveys the ecological web she experienced as a child; including plant species (Longleaf Pine, Cypress Swamp, Wiregrass, Meadow Beauty, Liatris, Greeneyes) and animal species (Flatwood Salamander, Bachman's sparrow, Pine Warbler, Carolina Wren, Red-Cockaded Woodpecker, Eastern Bluebird, Brown-Headed Nuthatch, Yellow Breasted Chat, Red-headed woodpecker, Eastern Kingbird, Common ground dove, Quail, Gopher Tortoises) along with how she fits into this world as part of the human species. The book interweaves family history and memoir with natural history writing—specifically, descriptions of the ecology of the vanishing longleaf pine forests that once blanketed much of the South. The book won the American Book Award, the Southern Book Critics Circle Award and the Southern Environmental Law Center Award for Outstanding Writing on the Southern environment. It also was chosen for the "All Georgia Reading the Same Book" project by the Georgia Center for the Book.
In Wild Card Quilt (2003) she relates her experiences moving back home to Georgia with her son after attending graduate school in Montana. Pinhook (2005) tells the story of Pinhook Swamp, the land that connects the Okefenokee Swamp in Georgia and Osceola National Forest in Florida. Drifting into Darien, published in 2011, describes her experiences on and knowledge about the Altamaha River, which runs from middle Georgia to the Atlantic Ocean at Darien.
Ray published a book of poetry, A House of Branches (2010) and has been a contributor to Audubon, Orion and other magazines, as well as a commentator for NPR's Living on Earth. An environmental activist, she has campaigned on behalf of the Altamaha River and the Moody Swamp.
She previously taught in the Chatham University Low-Residency Master of Fine Arts Program in Creative Writing. Currently, she is a visiting professor and writer-in-residence at universities and colleges across the country. She lectures nationally on nature, agriculture, seeds, wildness, sustainability, writing, and politics of wholeness.
Personal life
She has a son, Silas Ausable, who attended the University of Massachusetts and studied landscape architecture. She lives a simple, sustainable life in southern Georgia on Red Earth Farm with her husband and daughter. She is an organic gardener, tender on farm animals, slow-cook food, and seed saver. She is very active in her local community.
Books
Ecology of a Cracker Childhood, memoir (Minneapolis: Milkweed Editions, 1999).
Wild Card Quilt: Taking a Chance on Home, memoir (Minneapolis: Milkweed Editions, 2003).
Between Two Rivers: Stories from the Red Hills to the Gulf, (Co-editor, with Susan Cerulean and Laura Newtown) nonfiction (Tallahassee: Heart of the Earth, 2004).
Pinhook: Finding Wholeness in a Fragmented Land,, nonfiction (White River Junction: Chelsea Green Publishing Company, 2005).
A House of Branches, poetry (Nicholasville: Wind Publications, 2010).
Drifting into Darien: a Personal and Natural History of the Altamaha River, nonfiction (Athens: The University of Georgia Press, 2011).
The Seed Underground: A Growing Revolution to Save Food, nonfiction (White River Junction: Chelsea Green Publishing Company, 2012).
Red Lanterns: Poems, poetry (Iris Press, 2021).
Wild Spectacle: Seeking Wonders in a World beyond Humans, nonfiction (Trinity University Press, 2021).
References
Source: Contemporary Authors Online. The Gale Group, 2005.
External links
Milkweed Editions webpage for Ecology of a Cracker Childhood
Wind Publications webpage for House of Branches
Georgia Encyclopedia entry for Janisse Ray
Whole Terrain link to Ray's articles published in Whole Terrain
Janisse Ray and Nancy Marshall, "James Holland, Riverkeeper: Environmental Protection Along the Altamaha", Southern Spaces, August 11, 2011.
Janisse Ray, "Sowing The Seed Underground", Southern Spaces, October 23, 2012.
1962 births
Living people
American naturalists
Chatham University faculty
People from Baxley, Georgia
Writers from Georgia (U.S. state)
Women science writers
American Book Award winners
American nature writers
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Yakov Grigoryevich Blumkin (; 12 March 1900 – 3 November 1929) was a Left Socialist-Revolutionary, a Bolshevik, and an agent of the Cheka and the Joint State Political Directorate (OGPU).
Early life
Blumkin was born into a Jewish shopkeeper's family, was orphaned early in his life, and was raised in Odessa. After four years in a Jewish school, he was sent to work running errands for shops and offices. In 1914 he joined the Socialist-Revolutionary Party.
Cheka employee
After the October Revolution in 1917, he became head of the Cheka's counter-espionage department working for Felix Dzerzhinsky.
Terrorist
Popov's Cheka detachment that included Blumkin, consisted of Left Socialist Revolutionaries rather than Bolsheviks. Since this party was opposed to the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, Blumkin was ordered by its executive committee to assassinate Wilhelm von Mirbach, the German ambassador to Russia. They hoped by this action to incite a war with Germany. This event was timed to occur at the opening of the Fifth All-Russian Congress of Soviets at the Bolshoi Theater in Moscow. On the afternoon of 6 July 1918, Blumkin and Nikolai Andreev went to the German Embassy. Blumkin gained entrance to the embassy by presenting forged documents. With Mirbach was Dr. Rietzler, the Counsellor of the Embassy, and Lieutenant Moeller, a military attaché. Blumkin pulled a gun and fired at all three, while Andreev hurled a bomb. Both then fled through a window, where Blumkin broke his leg, but both made it back to the Pokrovsky Barracks, the location of the Socialist Revolutionary staff. The assassination was timed with the Left SR uprising, which was quickly quelled. The members of the Left SR party at the Bolshoi Theatre were arrested and the party was forcibly suppressed. Blumkin, however, escaped and went into hiding. He fled to Ukraine and helped reestablish the Soviet regime. On 16 May 1919, the All-Russian Central Executive Committee pardoned him.
In Kyiv he organized an assassination attempt against the Hetman Pavlo Skoropadskyi and fought in the LSR insurrection against the government of Symon Petliura. In April 1919 Blumkin surrendered to the Bolsheviks, who still had a warrant for his arrest. Dzerzhinsky pardoned Blumkin, due to his voluntary surrender, and ordered him to return to Ukraine to assassinate Admiral Kolchak. While forming a combat group, Blumkin survived three assassination attempts made by his former LSR comrades. He joined the 13th Red Army as director of counter-espionage and worked under Georgy Pyatakov.
Persia
In the spring of 1920, Dzerzhinsky sent Blumkin to the Iranian province of Gilan, on the Caspian Sea, where the Jungle Movement under the leadership of Mirza Koochak Khan, had established a secessionist government called the Persian Socialist Soviet Republic. On 30 May 1920, Blumkin, with his penchant for intrigue, fomented a coup d'état which drove Koochak Khan and his party from power and replaced them with the Bolshevik-controlled Iranian Communist Party.
The new government, nominally headed by Kuchak Khan's second-in-command, Ehsanollah Khan, was dominated by the Russian Commissar, Abukov. He commenced a series of radical reforms which included closing of mosques and confiscating money from the rich. Blumkin became chief of the General Staff of the Persian Red Army. An army was raised with the intention of marching on Tehran and bringing Persia under the Red Banner.
In August 1920, Blumkin was back in Petrograd where he was entrusted with the command of an armored train that conveyed Grigory Zinoviev, Karl Radek, Béla Kun, and John Reed from the Second Congress of the Communist International to the Congress of Oppressed Nationalities in Baku. Their journey took them through parts of Western Russia where the Civil War still lingered.
Blumkin claimed he served as a member of the Persian delegation, perhaps incognito because his name is not listed in the published rolls. At the congress, the delegates enacted the proposal of Zinoviev, leader of the Comintern, which called upon the Bolsheviks to support the uprisings of native peoples from the Middle East against the British. Lenin shortly afterwards abandoned this policy in order to sign a treaty with Great Britain.
Relations with poets
Blumkin was a lover of poetry. In July 1921 Nikolay Gumilyov, a monarchist who was shot soon afterwards, was giving a poetry recital in a cafe in Petrograd when "a man in a leather jacket", described as having "bold features, framed by a black beard, and his face looked biblical", began reciting as if "drunk on Gumilyov's verses". Gumilyov was astonished when the man was introduced as the notorious Yakov Blumkin and remarked, "I'm happy when my poems are read by warriors and people of great strength". Gumilyov later wrote "The man amidst crowd who shot the Imperial Ambassador came up to shake me by the hand and thank me for my verses".
In 1923, the diplomat Alexander Barmine travelled by train from Moscow to Baku with Blumkin and the poet Sergei Yesenin, who was on a downward slide and committed suicide months later. Barmine recalled that "They got on well together and never went to bed sober. Blumkin, whose soldierly temperament always saved him from excesses, had saddled himself with the job of 'pulling Sergei together'. It was more than anyone could do." Blumkin was often seen maundering about in Moscow with poets as an adherent of the Imaginism literary movement to which Esenin belonged, boasting a gun and a notorious reputation.
Blumkin also knew Osip Mandelstam. There is a story told by Mandelstam's biographer Clarence Brown:
Mandelstam's widow told a different, and probably more accurate version of the story. She said that Blumkin tried to persuade Mandelstam to work for the Cheka, soon after it was founded and before the Mirbach assassination. Blumkin was also a regular and "welcome" guest in the Poets' Cafe, in Moscow, where Mandelstam overheard him boasting that he was going to have an art historian shot. Mandelstam, who did not know the intended victim, was so angry that he persuaded the poetry-loving Bolshevik Larissa Reissner to join him in a direct approach to the head of the Cheka, Felix Dzerzhinsky, and saved the man's life.
In 1919, Mandelstam and his wife were on a balcony in Kiev, when Blumkin rode past at the head of a cavalcade, dressed in a black coat, and when he saw Mandelstam, drew a pistol pointed it at him, but did not fire. He threatened Mandelstam with a gun several times, but never fired, and probably had no intention of killing him.
When Blumkin returned from Persia, the French writer Victor Serge heard him declaim lines written by the Persian epic poet Ferdowsi. At that time Blumkin was "more poised and virile than ever, his face solid and smooth-shaven, the haughty profile of an Israelite warrior. He stayed in a small apartment in the Arbat quarter, bare except for a rug and a splendid stool, a gift from some Mongol prince; and crooked sabres hung over his bottles of excellent wine."
Vagabond agent
After his adventure in the Caucasus, Blumkin returned to Moscow and became a student at the military college. He befriended Leon Trotsky, becoming a secretary, and helped over the next two years with the "selection, critical checking, arrangement and correction of the material" in Trotsky's Military Writings (1923). Trotsky noted in particular the irony of a former Left SR conspirator editing the volume describing the Left SR conspiracy. Blumkin introduced Yesenin to Trotsky in the hope that Trotsky would sponsor and promote a literary journal. That sharing of friendship, scholarship, and political ideas with Trotsky would later cost Blumkin his life.
From the summer of 1924 to the fall of 1925, he worked for the OGPU in Tiflis and was the Assistant Chairman of the Soviet delegation in the mixed Soviet-Persian Border commission and a member of the Soviet delegation in the mixed Soviet-Turkish Border commission. It is claimed that in 1924, he travelled secretly to Afghanistan or Pamir to contact the Ismailites and the local representative of the Aga Khan for the purposes of "anti-imperialist struggle" against the British, and then disguised himself as a dervish and travelled with an Ismailite caravan and explored the British military positions in India as far south as Ceylon.
In 1926, Blumkin was supposedly the secret representative of the GPU in Mongolia, where he ruled for some time as a virtual dictator and occasionally travelled on missions in China, Tibet and India, until he was recalled to Moscow because the local communist leadership was tired of his reign of terror.
In his book The Storm Petrels, Gordon Brook-Shepherd relates that the GPU sent Blumkin to Paris in October 1929 to assassinate the defector and former Stalin personal secretary, Boris Bazhanov. In fact, the information comes from Bazhanov himself. Although it became common gossip among the inmates of the labor camps that Blumkin had indeed killed Bazhanov, and Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn repeats that legend in The Gulag Archipelago, the truth is that Bazhanov died in 1983. Bazhanov was then also aware of the rumour of his own murder and wrote that Stalin had probably planted the rumour to instill fear.
Later life
In 1929, Blumkin was the chief illegal resident in Turkey, where he allegedly sold Hebrew incunabula that he collected from synagogues all over Ukraine and Southern Russia and even from state museums such as the Lenin Library in Moscow, to finance an espionage network in the Middle East. He supposedly travelled personally to Ukraine to look for rare Hebrew books, but he also spent time in Palestine and elsewhere organizing the network by posing as a devout Jewish laundry owner or as a Jewish salesman from Azerbaijan. Eventually, he was deported from Palestine by the British.
It is known that during his work in Turkey, Blumkin met with Trotsky, who lived there after his expulsion from the Soviet Union. Trotsky gave Blumkin a secret message to transmit to Karl Radek, Trotsky's former supporter and friend in Moscow, which was seen by Stalin as an attempt to set up lines of communication with "co-thinkers" and "oppositionists" in the Soviet Union. Information about the meeting reached the OGPU.
Trotsky later claimed that Radek had betrayed Blumkin to Stalin, and Radek would later acknowledge his complicity, but it is also likely that the information was passed along by an OGPU informer within Trotsky's entourage.
After Blumkin met with Radek in Moscow, Mikhail Trilisser, head of the OGPU Foreign Section, ordered an attractive agent, Lisa Gorskaya (also known as Elizabeth Zubilin) to "abandon bourgeois prejudice" and to seduce Blumkin. The couple carried on an affair lasting several weeks, and Gorskaya revealed their pillow talk to Trilisser. When agents sent to arrest Blumkin arrived at his apartment, he was getting into a car with Gorskaya. A chase ensued, and shots were fired. Blumkin stopped the car, turned to Gorskaya and said, "Lisa, you have betrayed me!"
After his arrest, Blumkin was brought before an OGPU tribunal consisting of Yagoda, Menzhinsky and Trilisser. The defector Georges Agabekov claimed: "Yagoda pronounced for the death penalty. Trilliser was against it. Menzhinsky was undecided". The matter was referred to the Politburo in which Stalin ended the deadlock by declaring himself for the death penalty.
In his Memoirs of a Revolutionary (1941), Victor Serge related that Blumkin was given a two-week reprieve so that he could write his autobiography. That manuscript, if indeed it ever existed, remains undiscovered. Alexander Orlov wrote that Blumkin stood before a firing squad and shouted, "Long live Trotsky!" The Russian government has never rehabilitated Blumkin.
See also
Sidney Reilly
Elizabeth Zarubina
Notes
External links
Leon Trotsky, "Revolt of the Left SR."
Review of a Biography
1900 births
1929 deaths
Odesa Jews
People from Odessky Uyezd
Left socialist-revolutionaries
Cheka officers
Interwar-period spies
Jewish socialists
State Political Directorate officers
Ukrainian Trotskyists
Soviet Trotskyists
Ukrainian revolutionaries
Frunze Military Academy alumni
People executed for treason against the Soviet Union
People executed by the Soviet Union by firing squad
Jews executed by the Soviet Union
Left Opposition | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yakov%20Blumkin |
Intuitively, an algorithmically random sequence (or random sequence) is a sequence of binary digits that appears random to any algorithm running on a (prefix-free or not) universal Turing machine. The notion can be applied analogously to sequences on any finite alphabet (e.g. decimal digits). Random sequences are key objects of study in algorithmic information theory.
As different types of algorithms are sometimes considered, ranging from algorithms with specific bounds on their running time to algorithms which may ask questions of an oracle machine, there are different notions of randomness. The most common of these is known as Martin-Löf randomness (K-randomness or 1-randomness), but stronger and weaker forms of randomness also exist. When the term "algorithmically random" is used to refer to a particular single (finite or infinite) sequence without clarification, it is usually taken to mean "incompressible" or, in the case the sequence is infinite and prefix algorithmically random (i.e., K-incompressible), "Martin-Löf–Chaitin random".
It is important to disambiguate between algorithmic randomness and stochastic randomness. Unlike algorithmic randomness, which is defined for computable (and thus deterministic) processes, stochastic randomness is usually said to be a property of a sequence that is a priori known to be generated by (or is the outcome of) an independent identically distributed equiprobable stochastic process.
Because infinite sequences of binary digits can be identified with real numbers in the unit interval, random binary sequences are often called (algorithmically) random real numbers. Additionally, infinite binary sequences correspond to characteristic functions of sets of natural numbers; therefore those sequences might be seen as sets of natural numbers.
The class of all Martin-Löf random (binary) sequences is denoted by RAND or MLR.
History
The first suitable definition of a random sequence was given by Per Martin-Löf in 1966. Earlier researchers such as Richard von Mises had attempted to formalize the notion of a test for randomness in order to define a random sequence as one that passed all tests for randomness; however, the precise notion of a randomness test was left vague. Martin-Löf's key insight was to use the theory of computation to formally define the notion of a test for randomness. This contrasts with the idea of randomness in probability; in that theory, no particular element of a sample space can be said to be random.
Since its inception, Martin-Löf randomness has been shown to admit many equivalent characterizations—in terms of compression, randomness tests, and gambling—that bear little outward resemblance to the original definition, but each of which satisfy our intuitive notion of properties that random sequences ought to have: random sequences should be incompressible, they should pass statistical tests for randomness, and it should be difficult to make money betting on them. The existence of these multiple definitions of Martin-Löf randomness, and the stability of these definitions under different models of computation, give evidence that Martin-Löf randomness is a fundamental property of mathematics and not an accident of Martin-Löf's particular model. The thesis that the definition of Martin-Löf randomness "correctly" captures the intuitive notion of randomness has been called the Martin-Löf–Chaitin Thesis; it is somewhat similar to the Church–Turing thesis.
Three equivalent definitions
Martin-Löf's original definition of a random sequence was in terms of constructive null covers; he defined a sequence to be random if it is not contained in any such cover. Gregory Chaitin, Leonid Levin and Claus-Peter Schnorr proved a characterization in terms of algorithmic complexity: a sequence is random if there is a uniform bound on the compressibility of its initial segments. Schnorr gave a third equivalent definition in terms of martingales. Li and Vitanyi's book An Introduction to Kolmogorov Complexity and Its Applications is the standard introduction to these ideas.
Algorithmic complexity (Chaitin 1969, Schnorr 1973, Levin 1973): Algorithmic complexity (also known as (prefix-free) Kolmogorov complexity or program-size complexity) can be thought of as a lower bound on the algorithmic compressibility of a finite sequence (of characters or binary digits). It assigns to each such sequence w a natural number K(w) that, intuitively, measures the minimum length of a computer program (written in some fixed programming language) that takes no input and will output w when run. The complexity is required to be prefix-free: The program (a sequence of 0 and 1) is followed by an infinite string of 0s, and the length of the program (assuming it halts) includes the number of zeroes to the right of the program that the universal Turing machine reads. The additional requirement is needed because we can choose a length such that the length codes information about the substring. Given a natural number c and a sequence w, we say that w is c-incompressible if .
An infinite sequence S is Martin-Löf random if and only if there is a constant c such that all of Ss finite prefixes are c-incompressible.
Constructive null covers (Martin-Löf 1966): This is Martin-Löf's original definition. For a finite binary string w we let Cw denote the cylinder generated by w. This is the set of all infinite sequences beginning with w, which is a basic open set in Cantor space. The product measure μ(Cw) of the cylinder generated by w is defined to be 2−|w|. Every open subset of Cantor space is the union of a countable sequence of disjoint basic open sets, and the measure of an open set is the sum of the measures of any such sequence. An effective open set is an open set that is the union of the sequence of basic open sets determined by a recursively enumerable sequence of binary strings. A constructive null cover or effective measure 0 set is a recursively enumerable sequence of effective open sets such that and for each natural number i. Every effective null cover determines a set of measure 0, namely the intersection of the sets .
A sequence is defined to be Martin-Löf random if it is not contained in any set determined by a constructive null cover.
Constructive martingales (Schnorr 1971): A martingale is a function such that, for all finite strings w, , where is the concatenation of the strings a and b. This is called the "fairness condition": if a martingale is viewed as a betting strategy, then the above condition requires that the bettor plays against fair odds. A martingale d is said to succeed on a sequence S if where is the first n bits of S. A martingale d is constructive (also known as weakly computable, lower semi-computable) if there exists a computable function such that, for all finite binary strings w
for all positive integers t,
A sequence is Martin-Löf random if and only if no constructive martingale succeeds on it.
Interpretations of the definitions
The Kolmogorov complexity characterization conveys the intuition that a random sequence is incompressible: no prefix can be produced by a program much shorter than the prefix.
The null cover characterization conveys the intuition that a random real number should not have any property that is "uncommon". Each measure 0 set can be thought of as an uncommon property. It is not possible for a sequence to lie in no measure 0 sets, because each one-point set has measure 0. Martin-Löf's idea was to limit the definition to measure 0 sets that are effectively describable; the definition of an effective null cover determines a countable collection of effectively describable measure 0 sets and defines a sequence to be random if it does not lie in any of these particular measure 0 sets. Since the union of a countable collection of measure 0 sets has measure 0, this definition immediately leads to the theorem that there is a measure 1 set of random sequences. Note that if we identify the Cantor space of binary sequences with the interval [0,1] of real numbers, the measure on Cantor space agrees with Lebesgue measure.
The martingale characterization conveys the intuition that no effective procedure should be able to make money betting against a random sequence. A martingale d is a betting strategy. d reads a finite string w and bets money on the next bit. It bets some fraction of its money that the next bit will be 0, and then remainder of its money that the next bit will be 1. d doubles the money it placed on the bit that actually occurred, and it loses the rest. d(w) is the amount of money it has after seeing the string w. Since the bet placed after seeing the string w can be calculated from the values d(w), d(w0), and d(w1), calculating the amount of money it has is equivalent to calculating the bet. The martingale characterization says that no betting strategy implementable by any computer (even in the weak sense of constructive strategies, which are not necessarily computable) can make money betting on a random sequence.
Properties and examples of Martin-Löf random sequences
Chaitin's halting probability Ω is an example of a random sequence.
RANDc (the complement of RAND) is a measure 0 subset of the set of all infinite sequences. This is implied by the fact that each constructive null cover covers a measure 0 set, there are only countably many constructive null covers, and a countable union of measure 0 sets has measure 0. This implies that RAND is a measure 1 subset of the set of all infinite sequences.
Every random sequence is normal.
There is a constructive null cover of RANDc. This means that all effective tests for randomness (that is, constructive null covers) are, in a sense, subsumed by this universal test for randomness, since any sequence that passes this single test for randomness will pass all tests for randomness. (Martin-Löf 1966)
There is a universal constructive martingale d. This martingale is universal in the sense that, given any constructive martingale d, if d succeeds on a sequence, then d succeeds on that sequence as well. Thus, d succeeds on every sequence in RANDc (but, since d''' is constructive, it succeeds on no sequence in RAND). (Schnorr 1971)
The class RAND is a subset of Cantor space, where refers to the second level of the arithmetical hierarchy. This is because a sequence S is in RAND if and only if there is some open set in the universal effective null cover that does not contain S; this property can be seen to be definable by a formula.
There is a random sequence which is , that is, computable relative to an oracle for the Halting problem. (Schnorr 1971) Chaitin's Ω is an example of such a sequence.
No random sequence is decidable, computably enumerable, or co-computably-enumerable. Since these correspond to the , , and levels of the arithmetical hierarchy, this means that is the lowest level in the arithmetical hierarchy where random sequences can be found.
Every sequence is Turing reducible to some random sequence. (Kučera 1985/1989, Gács 1986). Thus there are random sequences of arbitrarily high Turing degree.
Relative randomness
As each of the equivalent definitions of a Martin-Löf random sequence is based on what is computable by some Turing machine, one can naturally ask what is computable by a Turing oracle machine. For a fixed oracle A, a sequence B which is not only random but in fact, satisfies the equivalent definitions for computability relative to A (e.g., no martingale which is constructive relative to the oracle A succeeds on B) is said to be random relative to A. Two sequences, while themselves random, may contain very similar information, and therefore neither will be random relative to the other. Any time there is a Turing reduction from one sequence to another, the second sequence cannot be random relative to the first, just as computable sequences are themselves nonrandom; in particular, this means that Chaitin's Ω is not random relative to the halting problem.
An important result relating to relative randomness is van Lambalgen's theorem, which states that if C is the sequence composed from A and B by interleaving the first bit of A, the first bit of B, the second bit of A, the second bit of B, and so on, then C is algorithmically random if and only if A is algorithmically random, and B is algorithmically random relative to A. A closely related consequence is that if A and B are both random themselves, then A is random relative to B if and only if B is random relative to A.
Stronger than Martin-Löf randomness
Relative randomness gives us the first notion which is stronger than Martin-Löf randomness, which is randomness relative to some fixed oracle A. For any oracle, this is at least as strong, and for most oracles, it is strictly stronger, since there will be Martin-Löf random sequences which are not random relative to the oracle A. Important oracles often considered are the halting problem, , and the nth jump oracle, , as these oracles are able to answer specific questions which naturally arise. A sequence which is random relative to the oracle is called n-random; a sequence is 1-random, therefore, if and only if it is Martin-Löf random. A sequence which is n-random for every n is called arithmetically random. The n''-random sequences sometimes arise when considering more complicated properties. For example, there are only countably many sets, so one might think that these should be non-random. However, the halting probability Ω is and 1-random; it is only after 2-randomness is reached that it is impossible for a random set to be .
Weaker than Martin-Löf randomness
Additionally, there are several notions of randomness which are weaker than Martin-Löf randomness. Some of these are weak 1-randomness, Schnorr randomness, computable randomness, partial computable randomness. Yongge Wang showed
that Schnorr randomness is different from computable randomness. Additionally, Kolmogorov–Loveland randomness is known to be no stronger than Martin-Löf randomness, but it is not known whether it is actually weaker.
At the opposite end of the randomness spectrum there is the notion of a K-trivial set. These sets are anti-random in that all initial segment is logarithmically compressible (i.e., for each initial segment w), but they are not computable.
See also
Random sequence
Gregory Chaitin
Stochastics
Monte Carlo method
K-trivial set
Universality probability
Statistical randomness
References
Further reading
Randomness
Algorithmic information theory | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithmically%20random%20sequence |
State Highway 470 (C-470, SH 470) is a state highway located in the southwestern portion of the Denver Metro Area. It is also the southwestern portion of the Denver Metro area's beltway. SH 470 begins at US 6 in Golden and heads south interchanging Interstate 70 and then US 285 outside Morrison. After leaving Morrison, it then heads east passing by Littleton and through Highlands Ranch before interchanging Interstate 25 in Lone Tree, where the freeway continues as a tollway and where the state highway designation ends.
The highway was originally planned to be a full continuous beltway around Denver and was also proposed to be in the Interstate Highway System and designated as Interstate 470 (I-470) in the 1960s. However, the beltway project was attacked on environmental impact grounds and the interstate beltway was never built. Alternatives to provide faster and easier access to and from Denver for the southwestern suburbs were discussed after plans for a full beltway ceased. As the southwestern suburbs grew in population, a grand parkway known as the Centennial Parkway was proposed and then was later designated as SH 470 after the road was built to freeway standards.
SH 470 is owned and maintained by the Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT), an agency responsible for building and maintaining state highways, US highways, and Interstate highways across the state of Colorado.
Route description
SH 470 begins in Golden as an extension of Johnson Road at an intersection with US 6 (6th Avenue) near the Jefferson County government office complex and its adjacent light rail station. The interchange also includes direct ramps to westbound US 6, which continues northwest towards central Golden and east to Denver. SH 470 travels south from the intersection on a four-lane freeway and passes over US 40 before reaching an interchange with I-70 near Tin Cup Hogback Park. The freeway expands to six lanes and continues south along the side of Green Mountain on the western outskirts of Lakewood. It intersects SH 8 at a single-point urban interchange in Morrison near the Bandimere Speedway complex.
From Morrison, SH 470 begins a gradual turn to the southeast as it passes between Mount Glennon and Bear Creek Lake Regional Park. It intersects US 285, a minor freeway that travels east through Lakewood, and continues south with four lanes along the edge of a hogback at the edge of the Denver area's suburban sprawl, served by several exits on the freeway. SH 470 turns east in Ken Caryl near Hildebrand Ranch and intersects SH 121 at the western edge of the Chatfield Reservoir. The freeway turns northeast and dips into Columbine as it skirts the northern edge of the reservoir and its dam before coming to an interchange with US 85. SH 470 gains a parallel multi-use trail for pedestrians and bicycles that follows the freeway as it enters Highlands Ranch in Douglas County. The freeway cuts through the northern edge of Highlands Ranch's residential neighborhoods, intersecting SH 177. SH 470 dips to the south to follow Willow Creek around the Park Meadows shopping mall in Lone Tree, terminating at a stack interchange with I-25. The freeway continues east onto the E-470 tollway, which completes a half-loop around the eastern suburbs of Denver.
History
Proposed I-470
In the 1960s the Colorado Department of Transportation perceived a need for a beltway around the Denver Metro Area and sent a proposal to the Federal Highway Administration. The plan was for the federal government to provide 90% of funds for the project with the state providing the difference. I-470 was added to the Federal Highway Act of 1968 and was to be part of the Interstate Highway and Defense System. The Denver City Council approved the location and began engineering and environmental impact studies. After a few months the studies went under analysis with negative feedback. The Colorado Department of Health was opposed to the interstate beltway on the grounds that it would violate the Federal Clean Air Act. Other studies compared the proposed I-470 to the I-25 and I-225 freeways suggesting that alternate uses for the land (other than freeways) would be more environmentally friendly.
Alternatives and construction
In response to feedback from the Colorado Department of Health, the governor ordered all efforts to plan and build the beltway to cease. A separate commission was established by Governor Richard Lamm to determine the best course of action. The commission came up with 11 alternatives. The final decision was to use federal highway funds to build a grand parkway known as Centennial Parkway (a partial beltway in the southwest portion of the metro area) and widen existing roads. As the southwestern area grew rapidly, plans for Centennial Parkway evolved to conform to freeway standards. The proposed road was designated State Highway 470. Present-day SH 470 is a freeway that is mostly built to interstate standards. Tolled express lanes along the C-470 portion of the beltway with two westbound toll lanes from Interstate 25 to Colorado Boulevard (no interchange), one westbound toll lane from Colorado Boulevard to State Route 121 (Wadsworth Boulevard), and one eastbound toll lane from just west of the Platte River overpass to Interstate 25 are completed and the state of Colorado began collecting tolls on August 18, 2020.
Modern day expansion
After the completion of C-470 in the southwest, desires for a full beltway persisted in some circles and plans for an extension were created. CDOT did not wish to participate in the building of the freeway extension and left the counties and cities of the metro area to provide funding for the project. The east, north, and northwest portions of the beltway could be built only as tollways. A tollway extension of SH 470 was built to the junction with State Highway 83 (Parker Road) and termed Eastern/Extension 470 or E-470. Subsequently, E-470 was extended to the interchange with I-70 in the east, and later to I-25 in the north. This newly added tollway was built and continues to be administered by a quasi-governmental organization known as the E-470 Public Highway Authority. When freeway interests pushed for the rest of the beltway to be completed, the city of Golden voted to stop all efforts to finish the beltway due to traffic concerns.
The city and county of Broomfield constructed an continuation of the E-470 tollway from I-25 to an interchange with US 36 (the Denver-Boulder Turnpike) near Flatiron Crossing Mall. This section of the tollway is known as the Northwest Parkway, and is administered, similarly to E-470, by its own quasi-governmental agency. In conjunction with E-470 (47 miles) and SH 470 (27 miles), the Northwest Parkway brings the total length of the completed portion of the beltway around the Denver-Aurora Metropolitan Area to approximately . The uncompleted portion, from the west end of the Northwest Parkway to the northwest end of SH 470, is along existing streets. In 2007, the Portuguese company BRISA paid $603 million to operate the road for the following 99 years, until 2106. The lease included a clause restricting a "Competing Transportation Facility. This clause was invoked in an April 30, 2008 letter when Broomfield wished to make changes to 160th Ave.
In August 2003, CDOT made a compromise with the cities of Westminster, Arvada and Golden to do an environmental impact study, the first step in an attempt to complete the beltway by 2020. The last segment of the beltway would be another tollway, tentatively called W-470, and would connect the west end of the Northwest Parkway to the northwest end of SH 470 but was later rejected and cancelled. The same plans to complete the beltway later reemerged and were to call the last section the Jefferson Parkway which is to begin at the Northwest Parkway and end at the west end of SH 470. Jefferson County, Broomfield and Arvada have formed the Jefferson Parkway Public Highway Authority to construct the freeway. If the 20-mile parkway is constructed, Denver will be completely encircled by a "metropolitan beltway." In February of 2020, Broomfield notified Arvada and Jefferson County of plans to exit the Authority. After 12 years of being in the Jefferson Parkway Public Highway Authority, Broomfield opted out after citing an elevated reading of plutonium in the proposed path of the tollway, where the former nuclear weapons manufacturing plant was along the Rocky Flats National Wildlife Refuge. Opposition also grew in Arvada as concerns for excavating decades-old plutonium as well as noise impacts, air and light quality, and debris flying into people's yards from high speed traffic.
Exit list
Controversy
The completion of the freeway has been mired in controversy. In 1975 Colorado Governor Dick Lamm vowed to "drive a silver spike" through the plans for the road. In 1989 voters turned down an expansion of the freeway by a four-to-one margin. In the late 1990s a citizens group called Citizens Involved in the Northwest Quadrant (CINQ) was formed to oppose the completion of the freeway. In 2008, a group of Arvada residents sued to try and stop the city from joining the newly formed JPPHA.
Notes
See also
References
External links
Denver's 470 Saga
Colorado Highways: Routes 400 to 789
470
Transportation in Jefferson County, Colorado
Golden, Colorado
Transportation in Douglas County, Colorado
Colorado State Highway 470
Transportation in Lakewood, Colorado
Littleton, Colorado
Interstate 70
Beltways in the United States | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colorado%20State%20Highway%20470 |
The Wright Medical Center is a hospital in Clarion, Iowa, United States.
History
In the late 1940s, when “sufficient funds were present” to hire an architect, plans were designed, a site was donated and the Community Memorial Hospital was built. An editorial in the Monitor at the time stated this about the original building: “To say that Clarion’s hospital is one of the finest structures we have ever seen is a gross understatement.” Since that time, several major additions and renovations were completed in 1962, 1966, 1972, 1982, 1992 and in 1997 when Project Healthcare was completed and a new nine bed wing was opened. Community Memorial Hospital admitted its first patient on November 29, 1951.
On July 2, 1993. The Meadows independent retirement community was opened. Bob and Jane Davison donated the land where the Meadows is built. Bob Davison donated the land with his wife, Jane; Bob Kay brought the idea of an independent retirement facility to Clarion and then did much of the research on the project and Bob Eaton contributed design ideas along with Bob Orcutt.
In 2006 an addition was built at the south-east corner of the complex and the entire building was remodeled at a cost of $4.5 million. Also at that time an addition was built to the Meadows which houses an 18-unit assisted living facility. In 2010 an addition was built to the south housing new operating rooms.
In 2007, Wright Medical Center and Belmond Medical Center began collaboration by sharing administration, physicians and other ways to minimize the number of patients leaving Wright County for healthcare. In 2012 the two hospitals restructured and renamed themselves as Iowa Specialty Hospitals & Clinics, with main campuses in Clarion and Belmond. Additionally, a medical clinic was opened in Hampton, Iowa. Although the two hospitals are two separate organizations, the share administration and staff and seem to operate as one hospital.
Summit Award
The Wright Medical Center was named a 2006 Summit Award Winner by the Press Ganey Associates . The award recognizes facilities that sustain the highest level of customer satisfaction for three or more consecutive years.
External links
Wright Medical Center
Hospital buildings completed in 1951
Hospitals in Iowa
Buildings and structures in Wright County, Iowa | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wright%20Medical%20Center |
The Barnacle Historic State Park is a Florida State Park in the Coconut Grove neighborhood of Miami, Florida at 3485 Main Highway.
Built in 1891, it is the oldest house in its original location in Miami-Dade County. The Barnacle was the home of Ralph Middleton Munroe, one of Coconut Grove's founders, as well as founder and Commodore of the Biscayne Bay Yacht Club. He was also a leading designer of sailing yachts. The Florida Park Service acquired the remaining of Munroe's original homesite from his descendants in 1973.
The Barnacle Historic State Park is served by the Miami Metrorail at the Douglas Road and the Coconut Grove stations.
History
Ralph Middleton Munroe first visited South Florida in 1877 while on vacation from New York City. On his second trip he brought his wife who suffered from tuberculosis. Unfortunately, the cure failed and she died. Her body is buried in Coconut Grove. He returned several times to the area and in 1887 decided to settle in the Bay.
Ralph Munroe purchased of bayfront land in 1886 for $400 in addition to one of his sailboats, the Kingfish, valued at an additional $400. His boathouse was built in 1887 and he lived on its upper floor until his main house was completed in 1891. The house, a one-story structure, was raised off the ground on wood pilings. Its central room is octagonal in shape and Munroe called his home "The Barnacle," presumably because it resembled one. It remained a bungalow until 1908 when more space was needed for his growing family. The whole structure was lifted and a new first story inserted below. In 1912 a library was built adjacent to the house. The Barnacle survived the disastrous 1926 hurricane and Hurricane Andrew in 1992 with only minimal damage.
Ralph Munroe's principal passion in life was designing yachts. Boats were the major form of transportation in the early days of Coconut Grove and yachting was a popular sport. Many South Floridians commissioned Munroe to design their yachts. In 1887, a group of residents formed the Biscayne Bay Yacht Club, electing Munroe as Commodore, a title that he held for 22 years. In his lifetime, he drew plans for 56 different yachts. Micco, one of the last of Munroe's boats, was displayed at the park until Hurricane Andrew reduced the 101-year-old vessel to fragments. Egret, a replica of Munroe's modified sharpie is now moored offshore.
As a seaman, civic activist, naturalist, and photographer, Commodore Munroe was a man who cherished the natural world around him. A walk into the park passes through a tropical hardwood hammock. It is representative of the original landscape within the city of Miami. Today, it is one of the last remnants of the once vast Miami Hammock.
Regatta
In the spring of 1887 Ralph Munroe organized a regatta on Biscayne Bay with fifteen boats divided into three classes. "The winners were Ada (Captain Brickell), Maggie (Captain Carney) and Edna (Captain Addison), while Alfred Munroe and Charles Peacock were timekeepers and judges. After the race all hands, about fifty in number, participated in a good dinner at Peacock's (the Peacock Inn), given by the promoters. Thus began organized aquatic sports on the Bay, the Washington's Birthday Regatta afterwards being a fixture of the Biscayne Bay Yacht Club, until the displacement of sails by gasoline in general interest caused it to degenerate into a "Chowder-party".
Timeline: Early history of the site
Before 1846: Largely unused, like most of South Florida, until the Seminole Wars forced Seminoles into this area. Spanish expeditions may have explored the bay on mapping expeditions, but any inland explorations are purely speculative.
1846: Land first surveyed.
1868, November 14: Edmund Beasley files claim for site under the Homestead Act. May have dug well on site. Built a small house later called the Three Sisters Cottage about this time.
1870: Beasley dies, leaves site to his wife, Anna.
1872: Site rented to Dr. Horace Porter.
1873, January 6: Porter establishes a post office, which he calls Cocoanut Grove.
1873, July: Porter unsuccessfully attempts to claim site under the Homestead Act, claiming that it had been abandoned by the Beasleys.
1875, May 20: Mrs. Beasley gains clear title to the site.
1877: Mrs. Beasley sells site to John W. Frow, lighthouse keeper at Cape Florida, for $100.00.
1886: Ralph Munroe purchases for $400.00 plus the boat "Kingfish" which he values at $400.00.
1887: First Washington's Birthday Regatta held.
Timeline: History of the Barnacle
1887: Ralph Munroe builds boathouse with living quarters on upper floor and workshop on lower floor.
1891, Summer: Ralph begins constructing the Barnacle house.
1895: Ralph marries Jessie Wirth.
1900: Daughter, Patty, born. Jessie's sister, Josephine, joins household to help with child.
1902: Son Wirth Middleton Munroe is born.
1903: Northwest corner of house expanded.
1908: House raised and first floor added.
1913: House electrified and library added.
1916: Indoor bathrooms added to northeast corner of first floor and area off of Mr. & Mrs. Munroe's bedroom with water tank on second floor.
1926: Original boathouse destroyed in hurricane. House sustains minor damage. Boathouse later rebuilt along lines substantially like those of original.
1928: House assumes present day form by enclosing porches on sides of house on both floors and extending library and kitchen.
1932: Patty marries William Catlow, moves to New Jersey.
1933: Wirth marries Mary Poore.
1933, August 20: Ralph dies at age 82. Buried in Sleepy Hollow Cemetery in Concord, MA.
1940: Jessie dies, Wirth and Mary move into house with their children, Charles and William.
1959: Sarah Josephine Wirth (Aunt Dodie) dies.
1968: Wirth Munroe dies.
1973: Munroe family sells site to the State of Florida.
1988: Used as the backdrop to the finale of the Miami Vice TV episode 'Deliver Us From Evil' (first aired 29 April 1988). The house was portrayed as the Caribbean island hideaway of career criminal Frank Hackman, who tricked Det. Sonny Crockett into getting him released from death row, and later murdered Crockett's wife. Crockett successfully tracked Hackman to the house and avenged his wife's death by shooting Hackman in cold blood. The dramatic scene concludes with Crockett walking towards the water's edge and showing a vista of the property with the dead Hackman slumped over in a lawn chair.
1992: Hurricane Andrew heavily damages boathouse, destroys one of the last surviving Munroe boats, the "Micco", but house receives only very minor damage.
1994: Site of the final answer in the 1994 Tropic Hunt, just before reopening to the public.
Activities
Daytime activities include touring the historic site, picnicking, and wildlife viewing. Concerts and other events are held frequently throughout the year, making it a popular destination in Miami.
Location and parking
The entrance is on the Northbound side of Main Highway between Abitare and The Cloister Townhomes. There is no parking available in the park itself, except for those with disabilities. However, there is a public parking lot next to the Coconut Grove playhouse and street parking throughout the neighborhood.
References
Notes
Bibliography
The Barnacle State Historic Site at Absolutely Florida
The Barnacle State Historic Site at Wildernet
Further reading
Monroe, Ralph M. The Commodore's Story
Parks, Arva M. The Forgotten Frontier: Florida through the lens of Ralph Middleton Monroe
External links
The Barnacle Historic State Park at Florida State Parks
National Register of Historic Places
Coconut Grove (Miami)
State parks of Florida
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Florida
Historic house museums in Florida
Museums in Miami
National Register of Historic Places in Miami
Parks in Miami
Protected areas established in 1973
Tourist attractions in Miami
1973 establishments in Florida
Houses completed in 1891
Houses in Miami-Dade County, Florida
Historic American Buildings Survey in Florida | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Barnacle%20Historic%20State%20Park |
Windows Anytime Upgrade (Add Features to Windows) was a service by Microsoft introduced in Windows Vista that facilitated upgrades across successive editions of Windows Vista. Prices for upgrades purchased through Windows Anytime Upgrade were lower than prices for upgrades purchased at retail.
Windows Anytime Upgrade is included in Windows 7 to allow users to upgrade to Windows 7 editions. In Windows 8 and Windows 8.1 it was rebranded as Add Features to Windows and was used to purchase an upgrade license for the Pro edition or to add Windows Media Center to an existing Pro installation. Support for this feature was discontinued on October 31, 2015.
History
Windows Anytime Upgrade was in development prior to the development reset of Windows Vista, then known by its codename "Longhorn." A preliminary version of the feature can be seen in build 4093.
On February 26, 2006, Microsoft announced the editions of Windows Vista to be released to retail and original equipment manufacturers (OEMs). After this announcement, various technology-related outlets reported that Anytime Upgrade would enable users to upgrade to successive editions.
Overview
Windows Vista
All editions of Windows Vista (excluding Enterprise) are stored on the same retail and OEM optical media—a license key for the edition purchased determines which edition is eligible for installation. When first announced, Anytime Upgrade enabled users to purchase a digital license from an online merchant to upgrade their edition of Windows Vista. Once a license had been purchased, a user's product license, billing and other information would be stored within a user's digital locker at the Windows Marketplace digital distribution platform; this would allow a user to retain this information at an off-site location for reference purposes and to reinstall the operating system, if necessary. A user could then initiate an upgrade to the edition for which the license was purchased either through components stored on the hard drive by the OEM of the personal computer, through an Anytime Upgrade DVD supplied by the OEM, or through retail installation media compatible with Anytime Upgrade. If none of these options were available, Anytime Upgrade provided an option for a user to purchase a DVD online and have it delivered by mail.
Microsoft also released retail packaging for Anytime Upgrade. The retail products were made available during the consumer launch of Windows Vista on January 30, 2007. The initial version of these products included only an upgrade license, but this was later modified in May 2007 to include both a DVD and a product license. In an effort to streamline the upgrade process, Microsoft announced that digital license distribution would cease on February 20, 2008; licenses purchased prior to this date would not be affected. As a result of this change, users would be required to purchase the aforementioned retail packaging in order to use Anytime Upgrade functionality and Windows Vista Service Pack 1 omitted the option to purchase a license online. DVDs for Anytime Upgrade were only produced for Windows Vista.
Anytime Upgrade in Windows Vista performs a full reinstallation of the new product edition while retaining the user's data, programs, and settings. This process can take a considerable amount of time, up to a few hours.
Windows 7
Anytime Upgrade in Windows 7 no longer performs a full reinstallation of Windows. Components for the upgraded editions are instead pre-installed directly in the operating system; a notable result of this change is that the speed of the upgrade process has been significantly increased. Microsoft stated that an upgrade should take approximately 10 minutes. Anytime Upgrade also does not require physical media or additional software. Instead, Windows 7 requires a user to purchase a license online, in a manner similar to the initial functionality that was later removed from Windows Vista starting with Service Pack 1. Microsoft would also release Anytime Upgrade packaging for Windows 7 at retail. The packaging, however, would only include a license for the edition to be upgraded, as Anytime Upgrade in the operating system does not require physical media.
Windows 8 and later
In Windows 8, the process has changed. Users will need to go to the Control Panel and search for Add Features to Windows. In Windows 10, this is located in Settings > System > About > Change Product Key or Upgrade Your Version of Windows.
Results after upgrading
This process works the same way as in Windows 7, with a few exceptions:
If a user purchases a new PC with Windows 8 or later preinstalled, and then the user upgrades that PC with a Windows 8 Pro Pack, Windows 8 Media Center Pack, a volume license edition, or a retail edition, he/she will no longer be able to install apps that are provided exclusively from the OEM through the Microsoft Store.
On Windows 10, when upgrading from Windows 10 Home to Pro or from Home to Pro for Workstations, in addition to the above consequence, the upgraded PC will no longer be supported and is no longer entitled to receive firmware updates from the OEM, even though it will still get Windows operating system updates. Damages that occur due to Windows edition upgrades are not covered under the manufacturer's warranty. However, if the user buys a PC with Windows 10 Pro installed and later upgrades that PC to Pro for Workstations, these consequences do not apply.
On newer Samsung Galaxy Book devices, there is an exception. Like with many other Samsung Galaxy devices, Samsung runs a Knox verification scan to check for a signature match on all operating system elements before booting in the main operating system. If an unauthorized change is detected, even in a Windows edition upgrade (Home to Pro), the eFuse is tripped and the device status changes from Official to Custom. This is because newer Galaxy Books run the custom One UI Book skin instead of stock Windows. When this happens, any warranties and Samsung Care plans associated with the device are void, and some Samsung apps may not work as expected. Reimaging the device using recovery tools will not revert the eFuse state.
Region availability
When first announced, Anytime Upgrade was available in the United States, Canada, EMEA, European Union, Norway, Switzerland, and Japan, with Microsoft stating that availability of the program would expand after launch of Windows Vista. English version retail packaging for Anytime Upgrade was made available at the consumer launch of Windows Vista for North America and Asia-Pacific regions.
In 2009, Ars Technica reported that Anytime Upgrade retail packaging for Windows 7 may only have been available in regions without broadband Internet access or where retail packaging was ineligible to be offered. Anytime Upgrade was available for Windows 7 in select regions.
See also
Windows Easy Transfer
Windows Vista editions
Windows Ultimate Extras
Windows 7 editions
References
Discontinued Windows components | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows%20Anytime%20Upgrade |
Tara Brach (born May 17, 1953) is an American psychologist, author, and proponent of Buddhist meditation. She is a guiding teacher and founder of the Insight Meditation Community of Washington, D.C. (IMCW). Brach also teaches about Buddhist meditation at centers for meditation and yoga in the United States and Europe, including Spirit Rock Meditation Center in Woodacre, California; the Kripalu Center; and the Omega Institute for Holistic Studies.
Brach is an Engaged Buddhist, specializing in the application of Buddhist teachings and mindfulness meditation to emotional healing. She has authored several books on these subjects, including Radical Acceptance, True Refuge, and Radical Compassion.
Education
Brach holds bachelor's degrees in psychology and political science from Clark University. She was awarded a doctorate in clinical psychology from the Fielding Graduate University based on her dissertation analyzing the effectiveness of meditation in the healing of eating disorders.
Personal life
Brach resides in Virginia with her husband, Jonathan Foust, a yoga and meditation teacher. She was raised Christian Unitarian.
Bibliography
Books and published works
Brach, Tara (2012). "Mindful Presence: A Foundation for Compassion and Wisdom", in Wisdom and Compassion in Psychotherapy: Deepening Mindfulness in Clinical Practice edited by Christopher K. Germer and Ronald D. Siegel. Guilford Press
Brach, Tara (2014). "Healing Traumatic Fear: The Wings of Mindfulness and Love", in Mindfulness-Oriented Interventions for Trauma: Integrating Contemplative Practices edited by Follette, Briere, Rozelle, Hopper and Rome. Guilford Press
Audio publications
Radical Self-Acceptance: A Buddhist Guide to Freeing Yourself from Shame (2005)
Radical Acceptance: Guided Meditations (2007)
Meditations for Emotional Healing (2009)
Meditation and Psychotherapy: A Professional Training Course for Integrating Mindfulness into Clinical Practice (2011)
Mindfulness Meditations: Nine Guided Practices to Awaken Presence and Open Your Heart (2012)
Finding True Refuge: Meditations for Difficult Times'' (2013)
References
External links
Tara Brach's Insight Meditation Community of Washington Biography
Downloadable talks and meditations at IMCW
Downloadable talks and meditations at Dharmaseed
Interviews
Tara Brach on Mindfulness, Psychotherapy and Awakening Psychotherapy.net, by Deb Kory, 2012.
When Ego Meets Non-Ego Shambhala Sun, by Andrea Miller, March 2013.
A Blend of Buddhism and psychology American Psychological Association, Psychologist Profile by Tori Angelis, February 2014.
The Awakened Heart: A Conversation with Tara Brach Psychology Today with Mark Matousek May 15, 2014.
Wake Up from Unworthiness – An Interview with Tara Brach Spirituality & Health – September–October 2015. (Paywall)
Releasing the Barriers to Love: An Interview with Tara Brach Psychology Today with Mark Matousek November 2015.
Articles
Brach, Tara. "Feeling Overwhelmed? Remember RAIN" Mindful Magazine, June 13, 2014.
Brach, Tara. "Facing My White Privilege" Lion's Roar Magazine, June 22, 2016.
American women psychologists
21st-century American psychologists
American Buddhists
Engaged Buddhists
Buddhist writers
American anti-war activists
American spiritual writers
Theravada Buddhist spiritual teachers
Living people
Female Buddhist spiritual teachers
1953 births
Clark University alumni
21st-century American women
20th-century American psychologists | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tara%20Brach |
Lakeshore Technical College (LTC) is a public community college in Cleveland, Wisconsin. It is part of the Wisconsin Technical College System. The college offers associate degree and technical diploma programs as well as certifications and adult continuing education programs.
History
In 1960, the former Sheboygan Central High School was renovated and the building was converted to house Sheboygan Vocational and Adult Education and the administrative offices of the Sheboygan Area School District.
In 1968, the Sheboygan School of Vocational and Adult Education was renamed to Lakeshore Technical Institute (LTI). In 1974, LTI's main campus in Cleveland opened, constructed at a cost of $5 million.
In 1978, student housing was first proposed at the Cleveland campus. In 1981, LTI's board of directors decided against being directly involved in student housing but in March 1990, the board endorsed a proposal to develop housing on a five-acre property just south of the campus along North Avenue.
In 1988, LTI changed its name to Lakeshore Technical College to reflect a shift in course offerings.
Images
Notable alumni
Trevor Casper, Wisconsin State Trooper
Terry Van Akkeren, former mayor of Sheboygan and former member of the Wisconsin State Assembly
Notes
External links
Official website
Wisconsin technical colleges
Education in Sheboygan, Wisconsin
Universities and colleges established in 1967
Education in Manitowoc County, Wisconsin
1967 establishments in Wisconsin | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lakeshore%20Technical%20College |
Victoria Park is a park located in the west of Glasgow, Scotland, adjacent to the districts of Scotstoun, Whiteinch, Jordanhill and Broomhill. The park was created and named for Queen Victoria's jubilee in 1887. The main entrances to the park are from Westland Drive, Victoria Park Drive North, and Balshagray Avenue. The Friends of Victoria Park (FoVP) is a West Glasgow group set up to protect and develop Victoria Park.
Main features
There are a number of features within Victoria Park:
A memorial honouring the local residents who died in World War I and World War II.
A children's playpark with climbing frames and swings.
A pond, with two small islands. The larger island is connected on both sides by iron bridges.
A fully restored four-dial miniature lamp post clock, donated by William Gordon Oswald in 1888.
The Jubilee Gates situated at the Victoria Park North Drive entrance were erected and funded by the 'Ladies of Partick' in 1887. They were manufactured by Macfarlane's Saracen Foundry at a cost of £100. They bear the Partick Burgh coat of arms. In 1987 (the gates' centenary year) they underwent a restoration, and the gates have recently had another restoration to the original colours of red and gold.
The Fossil Grove - During the park's construction in the late 19th century, when a pilot channel for the road was cut through a large area of rock, the builders discovered preserved fossilised tree trunks. The route for the road was then diverted and the sand and shale further excavated to reveal more fossils.
Scotland's most northerly parakeet flock.
Monument to SS Daphne
Facilities
Victoria Park has the following facilities;
An orienteering course
A model yachting course
Children's play areas
Bowling greens
Tennis courts
Basketball courts
A putting course
Several gardens
History
At the instigation of the Council, the work of building the park was supervised by Isdale Robertson (1848–1904) who had his premises in Anderson Street, Partick. The workforce was made up of unemployed men in need of an occupation to see them through a difficult period. It was this team of men who unearthed the fossil grove. It was also at the insistence of Isdale that the four faced clock was placed in the park. According to his adopted daughter, Meg Crerar, it bore the inscription "Now is the day of salvation, Now is the accepted time, Now is the day of Salvation". The gates were paid for by local women who subscribed a penny each, said to be partly in gratitude for providing work for their men and partly for keeping them sober, Whiteinch having been designated a "dry" area. Isdale Robertson was an active member of the Whiteinch United Free Church and a dedicated promoter of temperance. He joined Partick Town Council in November 1903 on that platform. By 1978 it was still a "dry" area.
The park was formally opened by the Provost of Partick, Sir Andrew McLean on 2 July 1887. The arboretum section of the park was originally designed as an educational facility. During the 1960s, a large section of the park was removed in order to make way for the approach roads to the Clyde Tunnel and Expressway.
Events
Victoria Park plays host to several events such as the Whiteinch Fair Festival and the Indian Summer music festival. The park is also home to the Victoria Cricket and Hyndland RFC rugby club. Throughout the summer, the Countryside Rangers arrange walks to educate children about the environment. The park is now home to the fledgling Scottish Australian Rules Football League clubs, the Glasgow Sharks and the Glasgow Magpies and is understood to be the UK's only dedicated Australian Rules Football ground. It is also the home ground of the Glasgow Centurions Touch Rugby Club. The park also hosts a 5 km parkrun every Saturday and a 2 km junior parkrun every Sunday.
Travel
Rail - There are stations at Hyndland and Jordanhill, both of which are approximately a fifteen-minute walk away.
Bus - Several routes operate from Glasgow city centre to Dumbarton Road, Crow Road and Victoria Park Drive North. All of these are within five minutes walk from the park gates.
Car - There is some parking around the park perimeter, in particular along Victoria Park Drive North.
Television
The park featured in the Scottish sitcom Still Game in the episode 'Hot Seat'. The programme features views of the park and scenes of the surrounding area.
The park is also featured in Limmy's Show, in a sketch in which Limmy bemoans the poor state of the railings around the park.
References
External links
Parks and commons in Glasgow
Inventory of Gardens and Designed Landscapes
Sports venues in Glasgow
Jordanhill
1887 establishments in Scotland | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria%20Park%2C%20Glasgow |
Allyson Kay Duncan (born September 5, 1951, in Durham, North Carolina) is a former United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. She was the Fourth Circuit's first female African American judge.
Background
Duncan received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Hampton University in 1972 and a Juris Doctor from Duke University School of Law in 1975. She was an associate editor at the Lawyers Co-Operative Publishing Company from 1976 to 1977. Duncan then served for one year as a law clerk to Judge Julia Cooper Mack of the District of Columbia Court of Appeals from 1977 to 1978.
In 1978, Duncan joined the staff of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. By the time she left in 1986, she had served in a variety of important posts at the commission: appellate attorney, assistant to the deputy general counsel, assistant to the chairman, acting associate legal counsel, and acting legal counsel. At one point, the then-head of the EEOC, Clarence Thomas, promoted Duncan as his Chief of Staff over another candidate, Anita Hill.
At North Carolina Central University School of Law, Duncan served as an associate professor from 1986 to 1990, teaching property law, appellate advocacy, and employment discrimination. In 1990, she served briefly on the North Carolina Court of Appeals as an Associate Judge. She was appointed by Governor James G. Martin to replace Charles Becton but lost the following election to James A. Wynn.
Duncan was appointed a Commissioner of the North Carolina Utilities Commission in 1991 and remained in that post until 1998, when she joined the Raleigh office of Kilpatrick Stockton as a partner. She worked there until her appointment to the federal bench. Duncan became the first African-American president of the North Carolina Bar Association in 2003.
Federal judicial service
Duncan was nominated on April 28, 2003, by President George W. Bush to fill a vacancy on the Fourth Circuit created by Judge Samuel J. Ervin III, who died on September 18, 1999. A Republican, Duncan was supported by both Senators Elizabeth Dole and John Edwards, a departure from the trend toward partisan controversy over North Carolina appointments to the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals. Bill Clinton previously had nominated Professor S. Elizabeth Gibson to the seat late in his presidency, but Gibson never received a U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee hearing or vote before his presidency ended. The United States Senate confirmed Duncan by a 93–0 vote on July 17, 2003. She was the third judge nominated to the Fourth Circuit by Bush and confirmed by the Senate. She received her commission on August 15, 2003.
In May 2018, Duncan announced that she would assume senior status upon the confirmation of her successor. In September 2018, President Donald Trump nominated Allison Jones Rushing to replace Duncan on the 4th Circuit Court. Rushing was confirmed by the Senate on March 5, 2019. Duncan assumed senior status on March 21, 2019, and retired on July 31, 2019.
See also
List of African-American federal judges
List of African-American jurists
List of first women lawyers and judges in North Carolina
References
External links
1951 births
Living people
21st-century American judges
African-American judges
Duke University School of Law alumni
Judges of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit
North Carolina Central University faculty
North Carolina Court of Appeals judges
People from Durham, North Carolina
United States court of appeals judges appointed by George W. Bush
21st-century American women judges | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allyson%20K.%20Duncan |
Uropeltis melanogaster, or Gray's earth snake, is a species of small snake in the family Uropeltidae (shieldtail snakes), endemic to Sri Lanka.
Geographic range
It is found only in Sri Lanka (formerly called Ceylon).
Description
Dark brown dorsally and ventrally, with yellow spots more or less confluent into a lateral stripe. Some young are yellow, with a dark brown spot on each scale of the dorsum, chin, and tail.
Its total length is from 10 to 27 cm (4 to 10⅝ inches).
Dorsal scales arranged in 17 rows at midbody, in 19 rows behind the head. Ventrals 141–166; subcaudals 6–10.
Snout pointed. Rostral about ⅓ the length of the shielded part of the head. Portion of rostral visible from above longer than its distance from the frontal. Nasals completely separated from each other by the rostral. Frontal longer than broad. Eye small, its diameter less than ½ the length of the ocular shield. Diameter of body 22 to 31 times in the total length. Ventrals only slightly larger than the contiguous scales. Tail round or slightly laterally compressed, dorsal scales of tail with very faint keels. Terminal scute with two small spines.
Taxonomy
This species and its relatives are generally called "earth snakes." Many have been classified previously in different genera, in this case Mytilia (Crealia), Plectrurus, Rhinophis, and Silybura.
See also
Genus Uropeltis.
Footnotes
Further reading
Gray, J.E. 1858. On a New Genus and several New Species of Uropeltidæ, in the Collection of the British Museum. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1858: 260–265.
External links
Image of U. melanogaster at University of Peradeniya. Accessed 13 December 2007.
Uropeltidae
Reptiles of Sri Lanka
Endemic fauna of Sri Lanka
Reptiles described in 1858
Taxa named by John Edward Gray | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uropeltis%20melanogaster |
New Anniesland is a sports ground in the Anniesland area of Glasgow, Scotland, used for rugby union and cricket. Owned by The Glasgow Academical Club, a sports and social club for alumni of The Glasgow Academy, it is the home ground of Glasgow Academicals RFC and Glasgow Academical Cricket Club.
History
New Anniesland was opened in 1902, following The Glasgow Academy's purchase of farmland adjacent to their existing sports ground, which they had occupied since 1883. The original ground, subsequently called Old Anniesland, was then taken over by the University of Glasgow. A cricket pavilion, groundsman's house and small grandstand, designed by the Laird brothers, were built in 1908. The ground also included curling rinks at this time. The original pavilion is still in use by the Glasgow Academical Cricket Club in the 21st century, albeit with later extensions, and is thought to be the oldest cricket pavilion in Glasgow.
Wooden terraces and stands were constructed for rugby matches, and a crowd of 10,000 — then a record for Scottish club rugby — watched Glasgow Accies play Heriot's FP in 1922. Although these structures no longer exist, the ground still features a small timber grandstand, backing onto Helensburgh Drive, which dates to 1958.
The ground hosted fixtures during the 2004 IRB Under 21 Rugby World Cup, and was used as a training ground for international teams preparing for the Rugby Sevens at Ibrox during the 2014 Glasgow Commonwealth Games.
International cricket
New Anniesland was one of the venues when Scotland hosted the European Cricket Championship in 2000 and 2006. In 2000, it staged Israel's matches against Portugal and Greece. The 2006 fixtures featured Israel three times, against Jersey, Norway and France, as well Scotland against Denmark and the Division Two final between Jersey and Norway.
References
Sources
Cricket grounds in Scotland
Rugby union stadiums in Scotland
Sports venues in Glasgow
Rugby union in Glasgow | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20Anniesland |
Sahara One is an Indian Hindi general entertainment channel based in New Delhi. It is operated by Sahara India Pariwar.
History
Sahara One was launched as Sahara TV on 28 March 2000, which later was renamed as Sahara Manoranjan in April 2003. To compete with other channels and attract more audience, the channel once again changed its name to Sahara One on 10 October 2004.
The channel launched in the United States in 2005 on EchoStar along with the sister channel Filmy. They launched Firangi, a Hindi entertainment channel in 2008.
Since 2015, Sahara One no longer air new programmes and airs reruns of previous shows.
Programming
The channel provides a mix of fiction and non-fiction entertainment shows, events, dramas, mythological series, reality shows, kids programming, thrillers, feature films and film-based programmes. Some of the most successful shows to date include Shubh Mangal Savadhan, Woh Rehne Waali Mehlon Ki, Ek Chutki Aasman, Kituu Sabb Jaantii Hai, Ganesh Leela, Kucchh Pal Saath Tumhara, Hare Kkaanch Ki Choodiyaan, Raat Hone Ko Hai, Hukum Mere Aaka, Aavishkar Ek Rakshak, Chacha Chaudhary, Prratima (based on the Bengali novel, "Protima", written by Tara Shankar Bandopadhyay), Shorr, Suno...Har Dil Kuch Kehta Hai, Sati - Satya ki Shakti and Zaara (TV series).
It broadcast the cartoon series Just Kids!, one of the most watched kids show of that time, hosted by Yash Pathak.
It also has broadcast television shows with Bollywood celebrities in the main roles such as Sridevi in Malini Iyer, Karisma Kapoor in Karishma - The Miracles of Destiny, Raveena Tandon in Sahib Biwi Gulam and Hema Malini in Kamini Damini.
References
External links
Sahara One official website
Sahara One Media and Entertainment Limited
Sahara One Motion Pictures
Television stations in Mumbai
Television channels and stations established in 2000
Mass media in Uttar Pradesh
Hindi-language television channels in India
Sahara India Pariwar | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahara%20One |
Tyler Collins (born October 29, 1965) is an American R&B singer and actress.
Biography
Collins was born in Harlem, New York and raised in Detroit, Michigan. Collins began taking lessons in dance and theatre, and performing with the children's theatre group Willow Opera Workshop in Los Angeles, California.
Her professional music career began singing lead for an R&B group called The Boys Next Door. The group signed with Jermaine Jackson's label, Work Records, which later folded. Tyler eventually signed with RCA Records and released her debut album Girls Nite Out. She co-wrote the lead single "Whatcha Gonna Do" which peaked at #8 on the Billboard R&B chart. The music video for "Whatcha Gonna Do" was directed by Michael Bay and edited by Scott C. Wilson. The 1990 follow-up single "Girls Nite Out" also topped out at #8 on the Billboard's R&B charts, as well as #6 on its Pop charts.
Collins appeared on singer Tevin Campbell's debut T.E.V.I.N. on the song "Lil' Brother". She also appeared in the music video for the single "Goodbye".
Collins' songwriting came to the forefront for her second album Tyler, which was a decidedly more pop-oriented effort than Girls Nite Out. The set featured the singles "It Doesn't Matter" (co-written by Siedah Garrett) and "Just Make Me The One." Tyler has also written songs for Celine Dion, Shanice, and Jeffrey Osborne.
She also took part in the group recording Freedom (Theme From Panther) in 1995 featuring scores of young female R&B artists including Aaliyah, En Vogue, TLC, and others. Also in 1995, Tyler Collins recorded Never Alone (Eeyore's Lullaby) for the Winnie the Pooh tribute album. Take My Hand: Songs from the Hundred Acre Wood; it reached #48 on the Billboard Hot 100 for two weeks.
Her work with Prince lead to a solo recording contract at Warner Bros. Records. Though a full-length release never materialized, the deal did yield Collins' recording of the Top 20 Adult Contemporary song Thanks to You, produced by Clif Magness, the theme song to the Paramount Pictures' film Andre. A music video for the song is included at the end of the movie.
Apart from her singing career, Collins has also appeared in several television shows and motion pictures. She played the role of Tina in the 1991 film A Rage in Harlem, starring Gregory Hines and Forest Whitaker. She also starred in another film entitled Why Colors? and played her highest-profile role as Cinderella on a first-season episode of The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air. Collins was previously married to Bobby Smith Jr., screenwriter for the urban drama Jason's Lyric.
She currently resides in Los Angeles with her daughter.
Discography
Albums
Girls Nite Out (RCA, 1989) - Billboard R&B #22, Pop #85
Tyler (RCA, 1992)
Singles
References
External links
Living people
Musicians from Harlem
Actors from Harlem
American expatriate musicians in Canada
American women in business
American television actresses
American film actresses
20th-century American actresses
21st-century American actresses
African-American actresses
Singers from Detroit
20th-century African-American women singers
1965 births
21st-century African-American women singers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyler%20Collins%20%28singer%29 |
Ammunira was a king of Beirut in the mid-fourteenth century BCE. He is mentioned in several of the Amarna letters, and authored letters EA 141-43 (EA for 'el Amarna').
References
Phoenician kings
Amarna letters writers
14th-century BC monarchs
14th-century BC Phoenician people
Phoenicians in the Amarna letters | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammunira |
Deus Irae is a post-apocalyptic science fiction novel started by American author Philip K. Dick and finished with the help of American author Roger Zelazny. It was published in 1976. Deus irae, meaning God of Wrath in Latin, is a play on Dies Irae, meaning Day of Wrath or Judgment Day. This novel was based on Dick's short stories "The Great C" and "Planet for Transients".
Origins
Dick started the novel, then realized he did not know enough about Christianity to finish it. He asked science fiction editor and author Ted White to collaborate on the manuscript with him, but after reviewing the manuscript, White never began the work.
Zelazny found the manuscript in White's home in early 1968, read it, then contacted Dick about working on the project. Work proceeded sporadically over several years as each author, in turn, forgot about the book. At one stage, Zelazny's cat took the opportunity to urinate on the original manuscript. The novel was completed quickly, though, in the spring of 1975 after the publisher, Doubleday, demanded either the manuscript or a repayment of the advance paid to Dick. The editor discovered that Zelazny had sent photocopies of a number of the manuscript pages and demanded the originals as per Doubleday's policy; much to Zelazny's chagrin, he had to send in pages stained with cat urine. Zelazny said later that he always wondered what the editor made of them.
Plot
After 1982, the world experienced a devastating nuclear war. Fallout and radiation has caused widespread mutations to human and animal populations alike. There is a new messianic religion, akin to gnosticism. The members of this religion, known as the Servants of Wrath or SOWs, worship the creator and detonator of the war's ultimate weapon, Carleton Lufteufel (from the German words "Luft," meaning "air," and "Teufel," meaning "Devil"), ex-chairman of the Energy Research and Development Agency of the United States of America - ERDA/USA.
In Charlottesville, Utah, there are ample debates between the Servants of Wrath and the diminishing congregations of Christians left in existence.
The Servants of Wrath's faith is based on an "anger-driven" traditional perception of godhood, compared to that of the Christian survivors, and it is from this that the book derives its name- deus irae, Latin for "God of Wrath". Tibor McMasters is an armless, legless cyborg phocomelus artist who has been commissioned to paint a mural of Lufteufel, though nobody knows where Lufteufel lives, or what he looks like.
The Servants of Wrath leadership ask McMasters to find Lufteufel and capture his divinity in a mural, and McMasters embarks on a "pilg" (pilgrimage) to do so. En route, we learn about the absence of national communications systems after the widespread destruction caused by nuclear warfare. McMasters and other seekers encounter mutant lizards, birds and insects who have evolved sentience, as well as the "Big C", a decaying artificial intelligence that also survived the war; it survives by consuming humans for their trace elements.
While trying to remove shrapnel from his forehead, Lufteufel loses consciousness from loss of blood, at which point his intellectually challenged "daughter", Alice, tries to remove some of the blood using a shirt. This leaves a bloody imprint on the fabric. Alice keeps the shirt because it is the only remaining likeness of his face, leaving her with the only true relic of the God of Wrath, evoking the Christian legend of the veil of Veronica and the artifact known as the Shroud of Turin.
Going under the name “Jack Schuld” (German for "guilt"), Lufteufel kills a dog belonging to McMasters, and McMasters murders Lufteufel without realising his identity. After his death, Alice is visited by Lufteufel's "spirit" . He does not speak, but he helps Alice by "lifting the fog in her brain", removing her disability. She sees that his spirit is finally at peace. Alice is not the only human to experience a theophany related to Lufteufel's passing. Another survivor has a vision of a "Palm Tree Garden" equivalent to the Garden of Eden. This implies that Lufteufel may have been a gnostic demiurge, an evil earthbound deity who believes itself omnipotent, but whose abilities are constricted compared to "higher levels" of divinity.
However, McMasters has no knowledge of Lufteufel's death or of the alleged visions related to his death. He is tricked by his (Christian) companion Pete into using an elderly dying alcoholic vagrant for the likeness of Lufteufel for the commissioned church mural, which is prominently featured in leading Servants of Wrath institutions. The mural's survival is a tacit argument that religious belief is often based on mythological accretions, which may not be valid interpretations of decisive events in the history of that faith.
References
Sources
External links
Deus Irae cover art gallery
1976 American novels
American science fiction novels
Collaborative novels
Novels by Philip K. Dick
Novels by Roger Zelazny
1976 science fiction novels
Doubleday (publisher) books
American post-apocalyptic novels | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deus%20Irae |
Allegro is a musical by Richard Rodgers (music) and Oscar Hammerstein II (book and lyrics), their third collaboration for the stage. Opening on Broadway on October 10, 1947, the musical centers on the life of Joseph Taylor Jr., who follows in the footsteps of his father as a doctor, but is tempted by fortune and fame at a big-city hospital.
After the immense successes of the first two Rodgers and Hammerstein musicals, Oklahoma! and Carousel, the pair sought a subject for their next play. Hammerstein had long contemplated a serious work which would deal with the problems of the ordinary man in the fast-moving modern world. He and Rodgers sought to create a work which would be as innovative as their first two stage musicals. To that end, they created a play with a large cast, including a Greek chorus. The production would have no sets; props and projections served to suggest locations.
After a disastrous tryout in New Haven, Connecticut, the musical opened on Broadway to a large advance sale of tickets, and very mixed reviews. Agnes de Mille, the choreographer of Rodgers and Hammerstein's previous Broadway productions, both directed and choreographed the work. The show was viewed as too moralistic, and the Broadway run ended after nine months; it was followed by a short national tour. It had no West End production and has rarely been revived. There are two recordings of Allegro, the original cast album and a studio recording released in 2009.
Conception
Oscar Hammerstein II had always wanted to write a serious drama, one which would address the problems of life confronting ordinary people. By early 1946, three years after his partnership with Richard Rodgers commenced, the duo had two hits (Oklahoma! and Carousel) on Broadway, and success as producers of musicals others had written. In March, Hammerstein approached Rodgers with the idea for a play with two men as the central characters, rather than the usual "boy and girl" format. Over the following weeks, the two discussed it, and the concept evolved into a musical about one man, a doctor's son, which appealed to Rodgers, the son and brother of doctors. By September, the general theme for the story had been established: the struggle of the main character to avoid compromising his principles as he progresses in life.
Hammerstein had thought of writing a play about a man, from birth to death. However, having just killed his leading male character, Billy Bigelow, onstage in Carousel, he was reluctant to kill off another. In the end, he took his protagonist from birth to age 35. He envisioned a simply staged work like Our Town which after its initial run would lend itself to college productions. Allegro was conceived as taking place in an open space, using props and projections to convey scenery to the audience. In addition to the usual singing chorus, there would be a speaking chorus, in the manner of a Greek chorus, which would comment on the action, and speak to both characters and audience.
As background research about the medical profession, Hammerstein interviewed his own doctor. He wrote a few pages of the book before embarking with his wife for Australia to visit his mother-in-law; when his ship arrived in Brisbane he mailed Rodgers part of the remainder. On receiving the packet, Rodgers, who generally did not compose until Hammerstein supplied him with a lyric, immediately sat down and composed three songs. Hammerstein put a good deal of his own experiences into the play. According to his son, William, "Most of the first act was based on his own memories of his own childhood. He had always been intrigued by it, you know; his mother died when he was twelve. I always felt his songs came out of his feelings about her."
Hammerstein spent a year writing and polishing the first act, taking infinite pains over the wording. The second act was more rushed; under a deadline, Hammerstein completed it only a week before rehearsals began. Hammerstein's protegee Stephen Sondheim, who served as a $25-a-week gofer on the production, stated,
Rehearsals and tryouts
The duo hired choreographer Agnes de Mille to direct—a move between two theatre functions which was unusual at the time. De Mille had been the choreographer for the dances in Oklahoma! and Carousel, designing ballets which disclosed the characters' psychological states to the audience. She had been concerned about the cohesion of the script as she received it from Hammerstein. When a few days before rehearsals began, she asked Hammerstein what the show was about, the lyricist replied, "It's about a man not being allowed to do his own work because of worldly pressures." De Mille answered, "That's not the play you've written. You haven't written your second act." Hammerstein replied, "But we're already committed to the theatre in New York."
De Mille faced an immense task. Instead of conventional sets, locations were suggested by platforms, images projected onto backdrops, and lighting—there were 500 lighting cues, at the time a Broadway record. There were forty stagehands, needed to shift sixty partial sets, with objects moved onto the stage by a semicircular track hidden by an elaborate series of curtains. According to de Mille biographer Carol Easton, "Allegro was a leviathan of a show, on a scale exceeding the grasp of any individual."
Rehearsals took place in three New York locations, for principals, singers, and dancers. The production contained 41 principals and over a hundred dancers. De Mille also choreographed the dances, which were both extremely complicated and provided the framework for the scenes which made up the show. During the dances, Joe learns to walk, falls in love, goes astray, and then gets back on the proper track. De Mille used adults in children's clothes for the dances when Joe is a child; since there were no actual children on stage to provide scale, the illusion worked. The dance which accompanied "One Foot, Other Foot" was based on de Mille's own experiences in watching her own son Jonathan learn to walk.
Sondheim later expressed his view of de Mille's directing, calling her "a horror. She treated the actors and singers like dirt and treated the dancers like gods ...[she was,] I think, an extremely insensitive woman, an excellent writer, and a terrible director, in terms of morale, anyway. That was my first experience of bad behavior in the theatre." However, Rufus Smith, who played the minor role of the football coach, stated, "Never again in my life will I experience what it is like to stop a show cold, by doing exactly what she taught me". The immense job of directing the play finally proved too big for de Mille, who stated "I can't do the new dances and the new songs and the new book," and Hammerstein stepped in to direct the dialogue. According to Rodgers biographer Meryle Secrest, at this point the cast was up in arms over de Mille's treatment of them. James Mitchell, one of the dancers in the production, later stated that de Mille was better at directing dancers than actors, as actors come to the stage with preconceived notions about how to play a part, and dancers do not.
The first tryout, in New Haven, Connecticut, did not go to plan. During the first act, William Ching, playing Joseph Taylor Sr., was singing "A Fellow Needs a Girl" when the scenery wall began to collapse, forcing him to hold it up until the stagehands noticed. Dancer Ray Harrison caught his tap in a track in the stage, tore the ligaments in his knee and was carried from the stage, screaming. Lisa Kirk, the first Emily, fell into the orchestra while singing "The Gentleman Is a Dope". She was catapulted back onto the stage with no pause in her singing, to great applause by the audience. Sondheim remembered,
The disasters of the New Haven opener concluded during "Come Home", a song near the end of the play—the quiet urgings of the chorus and Joe's mother to entice him to return to his small town. A false fire alarm went off, and the audience began to push towards the exit. Joshua Logan, who was in attendance, loudly ordered the crowd to sit down, which it did. One of the Boston tryouts that followed New Haven was marked by boisterous behavior by conventioneers, until Hammerstein yelled, "Shut up!" and the audience subsided.
Synopsis
Act 1
The play opens with Marjorie Taylor in bed, in 1905. Wife of small-town doctor Joseph Taylor, she has just had a son. The people of the town predict great things for Joseph Taylor Jr., or Joe as he will come to be called (Musical number: "Joseph Taylor, Jr."). Joe learns what a baby learns: the comforting presence of his mother, the presence of another figure, who does not smell as nice, and who always leaves as soon as he picks up his black bag. Joe is seen as a baby and then not again as a child; the audience takes his perspective. Joe's grandma notices him trying to walk, calls for Marjorie to witness the first steps, and once he takes them, as the chorus states, "the world belongs to Joe" ("One Foot, Other Foot"). Joe grows to school age, and loses his beloved Grandma. He is comforted by Jennie Brinker, a businessman's daughter. The two grow to high school age and date, though Joe lacks the nerve to kiss her, to Jennie's frustration. As Joe prepares to leave for college, Dr. Taylor hopes that his son will help him in his medical practice, and he and Marjorie wonder if Joe will marry Jennie ("A Fellow Needs a Girl").
At the freshman mixer ("Freshman Dance"), the audience finally sees Joe onstage. He marvels at his new world, in which he is a loner ("A Darn Nice Campus"). Joe serves ineffectively as a cheerleader ("The Purple and the Brown"), rooting for the Wildcats, whose star player is Joe's freshman classmate Charlie Townsend. Both are pre-medical students and soon become close friends. The friendship helps both; Joe gains entrance to Charlie's fraternity and social circles, while Charlie is allowed to copy Joe's conscientious schoolwork.
While Joe is at college, Jennie remains at home, and her wealthy father, Ned Brinker, who disapproves of Joe for spending so many years in school before earning a living, encourages her to find other boyfriends. Jennie does not bother to conceal these romances in her letters; Joe is finally fed up, and goes on a double date with Charlie and two girls. Beulah, Joe's date, is initially enthusiastic about the budding romance ("So Far") but walks away in disgust when Joe, who is unable to keep thoughts of Jennie from his mind, falls asleep after a passionate kiss. Jennie breaks up with the boy that Joe was afraid would marry her, and she is waiting for Joe when he returns home ("You Are Never Away"). Marjorie Taylor is convinced that Jennie is the wrong girl for Joe, and after a confrontation with Jennie when she tells her this, Marjorie dies of a heart attack. Despite the disapproval of both families ("What a Lovely Day for a Wedding"), Joe and Jennie marry, a wedding observed by the unhappy ghosts of Marjorie and Grandma ("Wish Them Well").
Act 2
It is the Depression. Joe makes a bare living as assistant to his father. Mr. Brinker's business has failed, and he lives with the couple, who are experiencing poverty for the first time in their lives. The poverty affects Jennie more than Joe—the new Mrs. Taylor dislikes life as an impoverished housewife ("Money Isn't Everything"). When she learns that Joe turned down a lucrative offer from a prominent Chicago physician, who is Charlie's uncle, Jennie at first rages. When she finds that is not effective, she gets him to change his mind through guilt—if he accepts Dr. Denby's offer, he can earn the money to start the small hospital of which his father dreams and they will have the money to bring up a child properly.
Joe accepts the job, and sadly leaves his father. He soon finds himself ministering to hypochondriacs; he is required to spend time at cocktail parties marked by useless conversation ("Yatata, Yatata, Yatata"). Charlie is also part of the practice, but the former football star has turned to drink. Joe himself is becoming careless due to the distractions; one mistake is caught by his nurse, Emily, who greatly admires the physician Joe could be ("The Gentleman Is a Dope"). Denby congratulates Joe on his skills, both medical and social. The elder doctor has less time for a nurse, Carrie Middleton, who has worked at his hospital for thirty years and once dated him, but who is involved in a labor protest—Denby orders her fired at the request of Lansdale, an influential trustee and soap manufacturer. Charlie, Joe and Emily comment on the frenetic pace of the Chicago world in which they live ("Allegro").
Joe has become increasingly disillusioned by his life in the city, and worries about his former patients in his home town. He learns that Jennie is having an affair with Lansdale. As Joe sits, head in hands, his late mother and a chorus of the friends he left behind appeal to him to return ("Come Home"). Joe has been offered the position of physician-in-chief at the Chicago hospital, replacing Denby, who is taking an executive position, or as the elder doctor terms it, being "kicked upstairs". At a dedication of a new pavilion at the hospital, Joe has a revelation and shifts the path of his life; as he does so, Grandma appears and calls for Marjorie to come watch, an echo of the scene in which he learned to walk. Joe refuses the position, and will return to his small town to assist his father, accompanied by Emily and Charlie, but not by Jennie (Finale: "One Foot, Other Foot" (reprise)).
Musical numbers
Act I
"Overture" – Orchestra
"Joseph Taylor, Jr." – Ensemble
"I Know It Can Happen Again" – Grandma Taylor
"Pudgy Legs" – Ensemble
"One Foot, Other Foot" – Ensemble
"Children's Dance" – Orchestra with Children
"Grandmother's Death: I Know It Can Happen Again (Reprise)" – Grandma Taylor
"Winters Go By" – Ensemble
"Poor Joe" – Ensemble
"Diploma" – Ensemble
"A Fellow Needs a Girl" – Dr. Taylor and Marjorie Taylor
"Dance: Freshmen Get Together" – Orchestra with Ensemble
"A Darn Nice Campus" – Joe Taylor
"Wildcats" – Ensemble and Joe Taylor
"Jennie Reads Letter: A Darn Nice Campus (Reprise)" – Jennie Brinker
"Scene of Professors" – Professors, Joe Taylor, Jennie Brinker, and Ensemble
"So Far" – Beulah
"You Are Never Away" – Joe Taylor and Ensemble
"You Are Never Away (Encore)" – Joe Taylor and Ensemble
"Poor Joe (Reprise)" – Ensemble
"What a Lovely Day for a Wedding" – Ensemble and Mr. Brinker
"It May Be a Good Idea for Joe" – Charlie Townsend
"Finale Act I: I Know It Can Happen Again/To Have and To Hold/Wish Them Well" – Ensemble
Act II
"Entr'acte" – Orchestra
"Money Isn't Everything" – Jennie Brinker and Other Wives
"Dance: Money Isn't Everything" – Orchestra
"Poor Joe (Reprise)" – Ensemble
"You Are Never Away (Reprise)" – Joe Taylor
"A Fellow Needs a Girl (Reprise)" – Majorie Taylor
"Ya-ta-ta" – Charlie Townsend and Ensemble
"The Gentleman Is a Dope" – Emily
"Allegro" – Charlie Townsend, Joe Taylor, Emily and Ensemble
"Allegro" Ballet – Orchestra with Ensemble
"Come Home" – Marjorie Taylor and Ensemble
"Finale Ultimo: Ya-ta-ta/Come Home/One Foot, Other Foot" – Ensemble
Production history
[[File:Allegro program.jpg|thumb|Program for Allegro'''s US tour, April 1949 (Davidson Theatre, Milwaukee)]]
Given the outstanding success of Oklahoma! and Carousel, Allegro was anticipated with close interest by the theatre community and public. The musical attracted $750,000 in advance sales, at a time when the top price ticket for a Broadway musical was $6.Allegro opened on Broadway at the Majestic Theatre on October 10, 1947. It starred John Battles as Joseph Taylor Jr., Annamary Dickey as Majorie Taylor, William Ching as Dr. Joseph Taylor, Roberta Jonay as Jennie Brinker, Lisa Kirk as Emily, and John Conte as Charlie Townsend. A special performance the afternoon of the opening for friends and associates generated wild applause; the audience at the official opening that evening clapped little. As de Mille's husband, Walter Prude, put it, Allegro went over "like a wet firecracker".
The mixed reviews prompted ongoing discussions of the play's merit, continuing well after the first night. Some of the news that the show generated had nothing to do with its worth—de Mille had dancer Francis Rainer fired, and Rainer alleged that the dismissal was due to her union activism. After Actors Equity became involved, Rainer was rehired. More bad publicity came when the producers proposed to dismiss several orchestra and chorus members to cut costs so the show might continue through the summer of 1948, and the fired performers also alleged dismissal for union involvement. The show closed July 11, 1948 after 315 performances, and in the fall, a national tour began. The national tour ran eight months, much shorter than that of Oklahoma! or Carousel. No London production was mounted. According to Thomas Hischak in his The Rodgers and Hammerstein Encyclopedia, the show made a small profit; other sources state that the show lost money.
The show was popular in the 1950s among amateur drama societies, because of the large cast with no star and the bare stage. It has rarely been revived professionally: the St. Louis Municipal Opera presented it in 1955; Goodspeed Musicals presented it in Connecticut in 1968. An abridged version was presented Off-Off-Broadway in 1978 by Equity Library Theatre.
In March 1994 a staged concert version was presented by New York City Center Encores!, with a cast that included Stephen Bogardus (Joseph Taylor Jr.), Karen Ziemba and Jonathan Hadary. Christopher Reeve was the narrator, and the concert was directed by Susan H. Schulman. A revised version of Allegro, re-written by Joe DiPietro, who was a protege of Oscar's son James Hammerstein, was produced at the Signature Theatre (Arlington, Virginia) in January 2004. This version cut the musical in size and scale. The cast was cut with some characters being combined; the original, lavish orchestrations were simplified.
The Canadian premiere of Allegro took place in 2004, staged by the Toronto Civic Light-Opera Company. With full orchestra and a cast of 30, the production was designed and directed by Joe Cascone, and became one of the inspirations for the all-star 2009 recording. It was attended by Ted Chapin, Bruce Pomahac and Dena Hammerstein, respectively, CEO of the Rodgers & Hammerstein organization, director of music for R&H, and Hammerstein's daughter-in-law. The production was a major success, both artistically and financially for the company.
The Astoria Performing Arts Center in cooperation with Actor's Equity mounted a production from May 1–17, 2014 in Astoria, Queens, New York, Tom Wojtunik director. APAC has offices in the historic Kaufman Astoria Studios; APAC's performance space is located within the Good Shepherd United Methodist Church.
A 90-minute edited version directed by John Doyle was presented by the Classic Stage Company in New York City in November 2014.
The show received its European première in a revival that took place at the Southwark Playhouse, London UK, running from August to September 2016 to positive reviews.
Music and recordings
Musical treatment
Although Allegro is filled with music, the music is fragmented, as the characters often break into song briefly. The character of Joe was unusual for a male lead of the time in having relatively little to sing; Joe has only one solo number ("A Darn Nice Campus"). Important songs are given to minor characters, such as "So Far", given to Beulah, who only appears on the one date with Joe. Author and composer Ethan Mordden calls Rodgers's technique "the deconstruction of theatre music, to match the show's deconstruction of traditional theatre design".
Rodgers's music is more subtle than in his previous musicals, and his melodies more muted. The key changes are less dramatic than in other musicals of that time. Rodgers did not intend for the songs to become hits; instead they were designed to draw the audience into the action, as onstage events were described subjectively in song.
Recordings
An original cast recording was released in 1947, heavily abridged. According to Hischak, only Lisa Kirk as Emily shines on the recording, which he calls "sad evidences of a very ambitious undertaking". Originally issued by RCA Victor Records on five 78s, sales were poor; Victor did not reissue it on LP during the rapid transition from 78s to long-playing records in 1949–1950, when most record companies were hastily transferring their entire catalogues onto the new medium. The recording was made available briefly in simulated stereo in the 1960s, and was reissued in the 1970s in the original mono. The original cast recording was released on compact disc in 1993.
A studio recording of the complete score was made in 2008, with an all-star cast featuring Patrick Wilson as Joe, Nathan Gunn and Audra McDonald as his parents, Marni Nixon as Grandma, Laura Benanti as Jennie, Liz Callaway as Emily, Judy Kuhn as Beulah, Norbert Leo Butz as Charlie, with special appearances by Stephen Sondheim, Schuyler Chapin and, through archival audio recordings, Oscar Hammerstein. The album, produced by Sony Masterworks Broadway, was released on February 3, 2009. According to musical theatre author John Kenrick, "this all star studio cast glorifies all that is right with this melodious and sometimes adventurous score".
Vocalist Jo Stafford had a pop hit with 'The Gentleman Is a Dope' in 1947.
Frank Sinatra took 'A Fellow Needs a Girl' to Number 24 in 1947. Another song from the musical, 'So Far', was the B-Side of the 78 rpm record.
Critical reception
The musical received mixed reviews following its opening night. The New York Times critic Brooks Atkinson opined that Rodgers and Hammerstein had "just missed the final splendor of a perfect work of art". Robert Coleman of the New York Daily Mirror stated that "Allegro is perfection", and added that it was "a stunning blending of beauty, integrity, intelligence, imagination, taste and skill ... it lends new stature to the American musical stage". Ward Morehouse of The Sun wrote that Allegro was "distinguished and tumultuous. It takes its place alongside of Oklahoma! and Carousel as a theatrical piece of taste, imagination, and showmanship."
However, Wolcott Gibbs of The New Yorker called the musical "a shocking disappointment". Robert Garland, in the New York Journal American suggested that Rodgers and Hammerstein "had confused allegro [which means at a fast pace] with, say, lento, which means 'slow', 'unhurried', and even downright 'serious'". Critic George Jean Nathan, in a special piece in the Journal American, decried "such hokum mush as the familiar wedding scene and the ghost of a mother who returns at intervals to keep her son from error, but a cocktail party chatterbox number paraphrased from an old Noël Coward movie, a college number dittoed from an earlier George Abbott one, and various other elements hardly rivaling the daisy in freshness". In Theatre Arts, Cecil Smith called Allegro "acceptable only as an exercise in stagecraft, not as a work of art ... Allegro fails where Our Town succeeded ... Joseph Taylor, Jr.'s life has little or nothing to tell us about our own lives." Louis Kronenberger of New York P.M. called the show "an out-and-out failure."
De Mille's direction and choreography were reviewed generally positively; Cecil Smith applauded her for the "ease and flawless design with which Miss de Mille brings mobility to these non-dancing [singing and speaking choruses] ... no previous musical has approached Allegro in consistency of movement, expertness of timing and shapeliness of visual patterns. Times dance critic John Martin stated, "Allegro has definitely made history" for de Mille's giving "form and substance to material with little of either". Dance Magazine praised her for creating "the illusion of space and depth far beyond the confines of the proscenium".
As the disagreement continued past the opening night, Wayne Abrams wrote in the Chicago Sun-Times, "Nobody is neutral about Allegro. The Hammerstein-Rodgers-de Mille musical play is either nigh unto perfection or a dismal flop. There's that much room for disagreement."
Aftermath
Hammerstein was embittered by audience and critical reaction to his book, and felt they misunderstood it. Public perception was that Hammerstein had implied that small-town folk were good while their big-city cousins were neurotic and venal. The lyricist objected, pointing out that the worst character in the musical was a small-town girl, but according to Hammerstein biographer Hugh Fordin, "he knew it was his fault that the message was not clear." In a preface to the published script, issued in 1948, Hammerstein tried again to make his point:
According to Frederick Nolan, in his book about the pair's music, "Reexamined today, Allegro's main fault seems to have been that it was ahead of its time, the integration of story and music far too advanced even for audiences now becoming accustomed to musicals which actually had stories." Sondheim noted, "Allegro was an attempt to use epic theatre in contemporary musical theatre. It used a Greek chorus, and tried to tell the story of a life, not through events but through generalities. This is now what would be called a Brechtian approach."
A decade after Allegros premiere, after learning of his terminal cancer, Hammerstein returned to the musical, hoping to correct its flaws, but he did not complete the project. While recording an oral history tape for Columbia University, Hammerstein stated, "I intended Dick to write music for it [the chorus in Allegro] but we wound up reciting the chorus instead ... I'm not blaming anyone, because we all accepted it, we all collaborated ... but it was a mistake." Rodgers later stated that the show was "too preachy, which was the one fault that Oscar had, if any," and "[n]othing to be ashamed of, certainly". Rodgers further defended the play, "The comments we made on the compromises demanded by success, as well as some of the satiric side issues—hypochondria, the empty cocktail party—still hold."
The relative failure of Allegro reinforced the team's determination to have another hit. Author James Michener recalled his meeting with the duo over the possibility of converting his book Tales of the South Pacific into a musical. "They were inwardly burning because of the reception accorded to Allegro. Those fellows were so mad I was fairly certain that they could make a great musical out of the Bronx telephone directory." That project would become South Pacific and be a tremendous hit.
Hischak ties the failure of Allegro to a change in the pair's style:
Awards and nominations
Original Broadway production
References
Bibliography
Online sources'
External links
Allegro info page on StageAgent.com – Allegro'' plot summary & character descriptions
1946 radio adaptation on Theater Guild on the Air at Internet Archive
1947 musicals
Broadway musicals
Original musicals
Musicals by Rodgers and Hammerstein | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allegro%20%28musical%29 |
René (born again or reborn in French) is a common first name in French-speaking, Spanish-speaking, and German-speaking countries. It derives from the Latin name Renatus.
René is the masculine form of the name (Renée being the feminine form). In some non-Francophone countries, however, there exists the habit of giving the name René (sometimes spelled without an accent) to girls as well as boys.
In addition, both forms are used as surnames (family names).
René as a first name given to boys in the United States reached its peaks in popularity in 1969 and 1983 when it ranked 256th. Since 1983 its popularity has steadily declined and it ranked 881st in 2016.
René as a first name given to girls in the United States reached its peak in popularity in 1962 when it ranked 306th. The last year for which René was ranked in the top 1000 names given to girls in the United States was 1988.
Persons with the given name
René, Duke of Anjou (1409–1480), titular king of Naples and Jerusalem
René II, Duke of Lorraine (1451–1508), grandson of René of Anjou
René I, Viscount of Rohan (1516–1552), warrior of the Italian War of 1551–1559
René II, Viscount of Rohan (1550–1586), his huguenot son
René Angélil (1942–2016), Canadian music producer and agent
Rene Aranda (born 1990), American actress
René Auberjonois (1940–2019), American actor
René Ballet (1928–2017), French journalist, novelist and essayist
René Barents (born 1951), Dutch judge and legal scholar
René Bernards (born 1953), Dutch oncologist
René Binder (born 1992), Austrian racing driver
Cardinal René de Birague (1505–1583)
Rene Bitorajac (born 1972), Croatian actor
Rene Capo (1961–2009), Cuban-American judoka
René Carol (1920–1978), German singer
René Chamussy (1936–2016), French-Lebanese Jesuit priest and academic administrator
René Coty (1882–1962), former president of France
René Deltgen (1909–1979), Luxembourgian actor
René Descartes (1596–1650), French philosopher
Rene Farrait (born 1967), Puerto Rican singer, member of boy band Menudo
René Favaloro (1923–2000), Argentine cardiac surgeon
René Fonck (1894–1953), French aviator and most successful pilot in World War I
René Frégni (born 1947), French novelist
René Froger (born 1960), Dutch Singer
René de Froulay de Tessé (1648–1725), French marshal
Rene Gagnon (1925–1979), American World War II veteran, raised the American flag during the battle of Iwo Jima
René Goscinny (1926–1977), French comic book editor and writer
René Goupil (1608–1642), Canadian Catholic martyr and saint
René Guénon (1886–1951), French metaphysician and Sufi initiate
René Janssen (born 1959), Dutch nanotechnologist
Rene Kirby, American actor
René Kollo, German tenor
René Lamps (1915–2007), French politician
René Lépine, Canadian businessman and real estate developer
René Lévesque, Canadian journalist and politician, premier of Quebec
René Magritte, Belgian surrealist painter
René Marqués, Puerto Rican short story writer and playwright
René Mauriès (1921–1999), French journalist, reporter and writer
Rene Mederos, Cuban poster artist and graphic designer
Rene Medvešek, Croatian actor
René Mornex (1927–2022), French doctor and academic
René Muñoz (1938–2000), Cuban actor and scriptwriter
René Obermann (born 1963), German businessman
René Pape, German opera singer
Rene Plasencia, (born 1973) Florida House of Representatives member
René Juan Pérez Joglar (born 1978), known professionally as Residente, is a Puerto Rican rapper, writer and filmmaker
Rene Ranger (born 1986), New Zealand rugby player
René Rast (born 1986), German racing driver
René Reyes, American baseball player
René Robert, Canadian ice hockey player
René Prêtre, Swiss pediatric cardiovascular surgeon
René Reille (1835-1898), French soldier, industrialist, politician
René Rougeau (born 1986), American basketball player for Maccabi Haifa of the Israeli Basketball Premier League
René Rozet (1858–1939), French sculptor
Rene Russo, American actress
René Simard, Canadian singer
René Sporleder (born 1969), German judoka
René Steinke, German actor
René Thom, French mathematician
René Toribio (1912–1990), Guadeloupean politician
René Vydarený, Slovakian Ice Hockey Player
René Villa, Costa Rican singer
René Weller (1953–2023), German boxer
The name was also given to the French Cafe owner and war hero René Artois in popular British TV series 'Allo 'Allo.
Persons with this surname
Denise René (1919–2012), French art dealer
France-Albert René (1935–2019), second President of Seychelles
Lisa Rene (1978–1994), American murder victim
Mélanie René (born 1990), Swiss singer
Wendy Rene (1947–2014), American soul singer and songwriter
Variants in different languages
Renát Hungarian, Slovak
Renat Catalan, Polish
Renato Italian, Portuguese, Spanish
Renátus Slovak
Renatus Latin
René Czech, French, German, Slovak, Spanish, Dutch, Danish
Röné Hungarian
Ренат Russian
References
French masculine given names
Masculine given names | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9 |
Lo-Key? is an American hip hop/R&B band that formed in Kansas City, Missouri and Minneapolis, Minnesota. Their single, "I Got a Thang 4 Ya!" (1993), reached No. 1 on the Billboard Hot R&B Singles chart, and No. 27 on the Hot 100.
History
Lo-Key? formed in Kansas City, Missouri and Minneapolis, Minnesota, consisting of singer/trumpeter Darron "D" Story, singer/multi-instrumentalist Andre "Dre" Shepard, bassist Tyrone "T-Bone" Yarbrough, producer/keyboardist Lance Alexander and rapper/singer Tony "Prof-T" Tolbert. The group honed their skills around the Minneapolis club circuit, where Alexander and Tolbert became in-house producers for Jimmy Jam & Terry Lewis' Flyte Tyme Productions. The group signed to Jam & Lewis' record label, Perspective Records, and released their debut album, Where Dey At?, on October 6, 1992. They had a hit with the single "I Got A Thang 4 Ya!" in 1992, which spent a week at No. 1 on the Billboard Hot R&B Singles chart, and reached No. 27 on the Hot 100. Arthur Jafa, director of photography for the independent film Daughters of the Dust (1991), directed the video for the single.
Alexander and Tolbert also were hitmaking songwriters and producers in their own right. Among the hit songs they've produced for other artists were "Butta Love" by the group Next, "Love Makes No Sense" for Alexander O'Neal, "I Wish" for Shanice and "Strawberries" for Smooth. Tolbert continued to work with Jimmy Jam & Terry Lewis, appearing as a songwriter and background vocalist on albums by Earth, Wind & Fire, Janet Jackson and Usher. Lance Alexander later went on to form his own label called Baby Honey Records during which time he teamed up with Minneapolis producer Christopher Starr and formed the group V.IP. which released the single entitled Lil Mama How Ya Do Dat featuring Juvenile.
Discography
Albums
Where Dey At? (Perspective Records, 1992) No. 121 Billboard 200, No. 18 US R&B Chart
Back 2 Da House (Perspective Records, 1994) No. 64 US R&B Chart
Singles
"Kansas City" (1992)
"I Got a Thang 4 Ya!" (No. 27 Billboard Hot 100, No. 1 US R&B Singles, 1992)
"Hey There Pretty Lady" (No. 56 US R&B Singles, 1993)
"Sweet on U" (No. 91 Billboard Hot 100, No. 13 US R&B Singles, 1993)
See also
List of number-one R&B singles of 1992 (U.S.)
Avoid
ShadowLand Shop Unreliable, unsafe source {U.S}
References
African-American musical groups
American contemporary R&B musical groups
Musical groups from Minnesota
Musical groups from Kansas City, Missouri
Musical groups established in 1991
1991 establishments in the United States
New jack swing music groups | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lo-Key%3F |
There are two forms of institution-based training for general dentistry available for dental school graduates in the United States:
General practice residency (GPR)
Advanced education in general dentistry (AEGD)
Program details
Both GPRs and AEGDs can be 1-year programs with an option available to continue for a second year or they may be a two-year program from the start. They allow the new dentist to further hone his or her skills in most of the traditionally defined disciplines of dentistry while at the same time increasing one's speed and refining one's techniques. These programs also afford trainees the opportunity to learn from the attending dentists who serve a supervisory role, something generally unavailable in private practice.
While a GPR is a hospital-based program, an AEGD is usually not and the differences between the two types of programs are generally a result of this distinction. Both types of programs afford the trainee with a larger patient pool than he or she was exposed to in dental school; while dental students will typically treat 2 or 3 patients a day in multiple-hour-long sessions, these postgraduate programs are constructed so that trainees may see anywhere from 8-15 patients a day, or even more.
Programs will often emphasize the importance of managing comprehensive dental treatment plans and adjusting them based on the patient's medical condition. During training, residents may be faced with the task of managing patients that require dentistry in a hospital setting due to a compromised medical condition. Medical management of dental patients may be emphasized in weekly grand rounds and rotations through anesthesia, internal medicine, and the hospital emergency department. Some programs also provide rotations in family medicine and otolarnyology.
These rotations not only increase the trainee's knowledge and experience, but also allows physicians, resident or attending, to see how dentistry and medicine are related, allowing for a better referral relationship in future practices. This relationship is best demonstrated in tumor boards where both medical and dental residents discuss and treatment plan head and neck cancer patients.
In general, GPR programs pay higher stipends than do AEGD programs; this is because GPR residents take call and answer consults. While on call, the residents are expected to manage head and neck trauma reporting to the ER in accordance with hospital guidelines.
GPR residents may also become familiar with performing dental/oral surgical procedures in the operating room and managing the patient's stay while in the hospital. Rotation through the dental specialties increases the resident's ability to handle situations in private practice without referral to a specialist.
In both programs, the basic skills learned in dental school are improved significantly, preparing the dentist for a career in private practice or for a specialty residency program. Residents may work closely with oral and maxillofacial surgeons, allowing them to improve their skills in oral surgical procedures. Under the direct supervision of the oral surgeons, residents may expand their understanding of and increase their skill in third molar extraction, biopsy technique, pathology recognition and treatment planning in facial cosmetic and trauma surgery. Both types of programs will usually feature lecture series to further develop the knowledge that trainees received from their respective dental schools.
Application process
Applications are generally filled out at the beginning of the senior year of dental school. As with most specialty programs, GPR and AEGD programs utilize the Postdoctoral Application Support Service (PASS) operated and managed by the American Dental Education Association (ADEA). The PASS system allows all applicants to fill out a single form that is then efficiently distributed to the programs selected by the applicant. Similarly, single copies of secondary application material, such as letters of recommendation, National Board scores and the like, can be sent to PASS, which then certifies the authenticity of the copied versions it distributes to the selected programs. Overall, it allows for a more streamlined process of application over most any alternative method.
After applications are in, programs will usually contact prospective candidates for interviews. After interviews are complete, the programs and the candidates will utilize the Postdoctoral Dental Matching Program, abbreviated as "the Match," to rank each other in order of preference. After the due date, a computerized algorithm sets up each candidate with the program that he or she ranked highest, although this explanation is oversimplified. For those candidates who do not match at any program, there is a "post-match" period during which programs which maintain open spots attempt to fill them on a case-by-case basis with candidates who did not match to a program.
State licensure
Some states require a postgraduate training program to meet requirements for licensure. For example, as of January 1, 2007, New York State requires that new dentists complete either a GPR, an AEGD or a specialty residency prior to receiving their dental license.
Program examples
GPR program at NJDS
GPR program at MCG School of Dentistry
AEGD program at Columbia CDM
References
Dentistry in the United States | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postgraduate%20training%20in%20general%20dentistry%20in%20the%20United%20States |
This is a list of newspapers in Bolivia.
Current newspapers
Ahora el Pueblo — state-funded
Bolivian Express (La Paz)
El Chaqueño (Tarija)
Correo del Sur (Sucre)
El Deber (Santa Cruz de la Sierra)
El Diario (La Paz) — began publication 5 April 1904; oldest currently in circulation
La Estrella de Oriente (Santa Cruz de la Sierra)
Hoy
Jornada (La Paz) — began publication February 1948
La Misión
El Mundo (Santa Cruz de la Sierra)
El Nacional (Tarija)
El Nuevo Día (Santa Cruz de la Sierra)
Nuevo Sur (Tarija)
Opinión (Cochabamba)
Página Siete (La Paz) — began publication April 2010
El País (Tarija)
La Palabra de Beni
La Patria (Oruro) — began publication 19 March 1919
La Prensa (La Paz)
La Razón (La Paz) — began publication 17 February 1917
El Sol (Santa Cruz de la Sierra)
Los Tiempos (Cochabamba) — began publication September 1943
El Tunari (weekly; Quillacollo) — began publication 26 February 2011
Defunct newspapers
Última Hora — began publication 30 April 1929; ceased 2001
Cambio — began publication 22 January 2009; ceased 2019; state-funded
Bandera Roja — socialist newspaper from 1926–27
See also
List of newspapers
References
Further reading
External links
Bolivia
Newspapers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20newspapers%20in%20Bolivia |
The Blackout All-Stars was a one-off 1994 Latin supergroup consisting of Ray Barretto, Sheila E., Tito Puente, Tito Nieves, Paquito D'Rivera, Dave Valentin, Grover Washington Jr., and Tony Pabon.
The group released one single, "I Like It" (sung originally by Pete Rodriguez), originally recorded and included in the soundtrack for the 1994 film I Like It Like That. The song's popularity was later renewed due to its inclusion in a Burger King commercial in 1996 and peaked at No. 25 on the Billboard Hot 100 the following year.
Other members
Jose “Ite” Jerez (trumpet)
Luis Disla (baritone saxophone)
William Cepeda (trombone)
Ruben Rodriguez (bass)
Discography
Singles
1994/1996: "I Like It Like That" No. 25 U.S.
References
Latin jazz musicians
Musical groups established in 1994
Musical groups disestablished in 1994
Jazz supergroups
Puerto Rican musical groups
American jazz ensembles from New York City
1994 establishments in the United States | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Blackout%20All-Stars |
Renée (without the accent in non-French speaking countries) is a French/Latin feminine given name and surname.
Renée is the female form of René, with the extra –e making it feminine according to French grammar. The name Renée is the French form of the late Roman name Renatus and the meaning is reborn or born again. In medieval times, the meaning was associated with the Christian concept of being spiritually born again through baptism.
Renee was among the top 100 names given to girls in the United States in the late 1950s, the 1960s, the 1970s and the early 1980s. It ranked as the 734th most popular name given to American girls in 2008 and is continuing to fall in popularity.
Given name
Renée and Renato, British male/female vocal duo
Renée Adorée (1898–1933), French actress of the silent era
Renee Alway (born 1986), American fashion model
Renee Amoore (1953–2020), American health care advocate
Renée Asherson (1915–2014), English actress
Renée Aubin (born 1963), Canadian Olympic fencer
Reneé Austin, American singer
Renée Baillargeon (born 1954), psychology professor at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
Renee Bargh (born 1986), Australian celebrity and TV presenter
Renée Björling (1898–1975), Swedish actress
Renée A. Blake, Caribbean American linguistics professor at New York University
Renee Blount (born 1957), American professional tennis player
Renée Pietrafesa Bonnet (1938–2022), French/Uruguayan musician
Renée Bordereau (1770–1824), French woman who disguised herself as a man
Renee Botta, Chair of the Department of Media, Film & Journalism Studies at the University of Denver
Renée of Bourbon (1494–1539), daughter of Gilbert de Bourbon, Count of Montpensier
Renée Marie Bumb (born 1960), district judge for the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey
Renée C. Byer (born 1958), American documentary photojournalist
Renée Carl (1875–1954), French actress of the silent era
Renée Caroline de Roullay Créquy, Marquise de Créquy (1714–1803), French aristocrat
Renée Carpentier-Wintz (1913–2003), French painter
Renee Chatterton (born 1989), Australian Olympic rower
Renée Chen (born 1985), Taiwanese singer and songwriter
Renee Chenault-Fattah (born 1957), Philadelphia news anchor
Renee Cipriano, former director of the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency
Renee Cleary (born 1972), American beach volleyball player
Renee Cole (born c. 1971), American beauty pageant contestant, Miss Maryland 1993
Renée Coleman, Canadian-born American actress
Renée Colliard (1933–2022), Swiss alpine skier
Renee Cox (born 1960), Jamaican-American artist, political activist and curator
Renée de Dinteville (15??–1580), German-Roman monarch
Renee del Colle, Canadian wheelchair basketball player
Renée Doria (1921–2021), French opera singer
Renée Dunan (1892–1936), French writer
Renee Ellmers (born 1964), the U.S. representative for North Carolina's 2nd congressional district
Renée Estevez (born 1967), American actress
Renée Jeanne Falconetti (1892–1946), French stage and film actress
Renée Faure (1919–2005), French actress
Renée Ferrer de Arréllaga (born 1944), Paraguayan poet and novelist
Renee Fitzgerald, Irish camogie player
Renee Flavell (born 1982), New Zealand badminton player
Renée Fleming (born 1959), American soprano
Renée Fox (1928–2020), American sociologist
Renée of France (1510–1574), younger daughter of Louis XII of France
Renée French (born 1963), American comics writer and illustrator
Renée French (actress), American actress
Renée Friedman, American egyptologist
Renee Gadd (1908–2003), Argentine-born British film actress
Renée Gailhoustet (1929–2023), French architect
Renée Garilhe (1923–1991), French Olympic fencer
Renée Geyer (1953–2023), Australian singer
Renée Gill Pratt (born 1954), local politician from New Orleans
Renee Godfrey (1919–1964), American stage and motion picture actress and singer
Renee Ghosh, Lebanese actress
Renée Elise Goldsberry (born 1971), American actress, singer and songwriter
Renee Grant-Williams, Nashville, Tennessee vocal coach
Renée Green (born 1959), American artist, writer and filmmaker
Renee Griffin, aka Renee Allman, aka Renee Ammann (born 1968), American actress
Reneé Hall (born 1971), American police chief
Renée Hayek, Lebanese writer and novelist
Renee Hobbs (born 1958), American educator, scholar and advocate for media literacy education
Renée Houston (1902–1980), Scottish comedy actor and revue artist
Renee Humphrey (born 1975), American actress
Renée Jeryd (born 1965), Swedish social democratic politician
Renée Jones (born 1958), American actress
Renée Jones-Bos, 44th representative of the Kingdom of the Netherlands to the United States
Renee Kelly (1888–1965), British stage and film actress
Renée Kosel (born 1943), member of the Illinois House of Representatives
Renee Laravie (born 1959), American Olympic swimmer
Renée Lawless (born 1960), American actress
Renee Leota (born 1990), New Zealand association football player
Renee Lim, Australian actress, television presenter and medical doctor
Renee MacRae (b. 1940), a Scottish woman who is missing, presumed to have been murdered
Renee Magee (born 1959), American Olympic swimmer
Renée Manfredi, American novelist
Renee Marlin-Bennett (b. 1959), political science professor at Johns Hopkins University
Renée Mayer (1900-1969), British child actress
Renee McHugh (born c. 1988), Philippines fashion model and beauty queen
Renée Miller, computer science professor at University of Toronto, Canada
Renée Montagne, American radio journalist
Renee Montgomery, American basketball player
Renée Morisset (1928–2009), Canadian pianist
Renee Nele (born 1932), German sculptor
Renée Nicoux (born 1951), French politician and member of the Senate of France
Renee O'Connor (born 1971), American actress, producer and director
Marie-Renée Oget (born 1945), French politician, member of the National Assembly
Renee Olstead (born 1989), American actress and singer
Renée Oro (born 1900–UNK), Argentine filmmaker of the silent era
Renee Paquette (aka Renee Young; born 1984), Canadian sports broadcaster, currently working with the WWE
Renee Peck (born 1953), American writer
Renee Percy, Canadian actress, writer, and comedian
Renee Poetschka, Australian athlete
Renee Powell (born 1946), an American professional golfer
Renee Props (born 1962), American actress
Renee Rabinowitz (1934–2020), Israeli-American psychologist and lawyer
Reneé Rapp (born 2000), American actress and singer
Renee Raudman, an actress and voice actress
Renée Richards (born 1934), American ophthalmologist, author and tennis player
Renee Robinson, American dancer
Renée Roca (born 1963), American figure skater and choreographer
Renee Roberts (1908–1996), English actress
Renee Rollason (born 1989), Australian football (soccer) player
Renee Rosnes (born 1962), Canadian musician
Renee Roszel, American writer
Renée Saint-Cyr (1904–2004), French actress
Renee Sands (born 1974), American singer and actress
Renée Scheltema (born 1951), Dutch documentary filmmaker
Renee Schulte (born 1970), American politician
Renée Schuurman (1939–2001), South African tennis player
Renée Schwarzenbach-Wille (1883–1959), Swiss photographer
Renee Sebastian (born 1973), Filipino-American singer and songwriter
Renée Short (1919–2003), British politician
Renee Simons (born 1972), Canadian curler
Renée Simonsen (born 1965), Danish model and writer
Renée Sintenis (1888–1965), German artist
Renée Slegers (born 1989), Dutch international football midfielder
Jamie Renée Smith (born 1987), American actress
Renée Felice Smith (born 1985), American actress
Renée Sonnenberg, Canadian curler
Renée Soutendijk (born 1957), Dutch actress
Renee Spearman (born 1969), gospel recording artist, singer, songwriter and producer
Renée Stobrawa (1897–1971), German screenwriter and film actress
Renee Stout (born 1958), American artist
Renee Tajima-Peña (born c. 1958), film director and producer
Renée Taylor (born 1933), American actress
Renee Taylor (writer) (born 1929), New Zealand writer and playwright
Renee Tenison (born 1968), American model and actress
Renee Torres (1911–1998), Mexican-American actress
Renee Lynn Vicary (1957–2002), American competitive female bodybuilder
Renée Victor (born 1953), American actress
Renée Vivien (1877–1909), British poet writing in French
Renée Webster, Australian filmmaker
Renée Weibel (born 1986), Swiss actress
Renee Williams (1977–2007), American woman believed to be the largest woman in the world at the time of her death
Renée Zellweger (born 1969), American actress
In fiction
Renée, a minor character in Buffy the Vampire Slayer
Renée, a character in Claymore
Renee, a character in the TV series Watchmen
Renee, a character in the film The Grudge 3
Renee, protagonist of the Pixar short film Loop
Renee Blasey, aka Wraith, from the battle royale video game Apex Legends
Renee Bradshaw, character in the British soap opera Coronation Street
Renée Divine Buchanan, character in the American soap opera One Life to Live
Renée DuMonde, character in the television soap opera Days of Our Lives
Renée Dwyer, a character in the Twilight novel series
Renee Montoya, a DC Comics character
Renee Perry, a character in the ABC series Desperate Housewives
Renée Picard, a Star Trek character and ancestor of Jean-Luc Picard
Renée Rienne, character in the spy-fi series Alias
Renee Roberts, English dub name of Zakuro Fujiwara in the manga series Tokyo Mew Mew
Renee "Ren" Stevens, the lead character of the Disney Channel Original Series Even Stevens
Renée de Villefort, first wife of Gérard de Villefort in Alexandre Dumas's The Count of Monte Cristo
Renee Walker, a character in the TV series 24
Renee Wilson, a character from Backbone (video game)
Surname
Lyne Renée (born 1979), Belgian actress
Variants in different languages
رينيه Arabic
Rena English, Polish
Renae English
Renáta Czech, Hungarian, Slovak
Renata Serbian, Croatian, Czech, German, Italian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Slovene, Spanish, Lithuanian
Renate Dutch, French, German
Renátka Czech
Renča Czech
Renea Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian, Slovene
Renée Dutch, French
Renee English
Reneeke Dutch
Reneetje Dutch
Renia Polish
Renita English, Spanish
Renāte Latvian
See also
Renée (disambiguation)
References
French feminine given names | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9e |
This is a list of newspapers in Colombia.
See also
List of newspapers
References
prensaescrita.com - diarios de Colombia
mediatico.com - Diarios de Colombia
Further reading
External links
Colombia
Newspapers published in Colombia
Newspaper | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20newspapers%20in%20Colombia |
Hibiscus moscheutos, the rose mallow, swamp rose-mallow, crimsoneyed rosemallow, or eastern rosemallow, is a species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae. It is a cold-hardy perennial wetland plant that can grow in large colonies. The hirsute leaves are of variable morphology, but are commonly deltoidal in shape with up to three lobes. It is found in wetlands and along the riverine systems of the eastern United States from Texas to the Atlantic states, its territory extending northward to southern Ontario.
Numerous forms exist in nature. Petal colors range from pure white to deep rose, and most have an eye of deep maroon. Taxonomic consensus is lacking for the nomenclature of the multiple subspecies. The flowers are borne apically, whereas the related Hibiscus laevis carries bud and bloom along the stem.
Ecology
It is a larval host for the common checkered skipper, the gray hairstreak, the Io moth, and the pearly wood nymph.
Uses
The edible parts of the plant include its leaf buds and young leaves, flowers, immature seed pods (which can be prepared as okra), seeds, and roots.
The leaves and roots are known to contain mucilage. Tea from boiled leaves has been used to relieve cough, sore throat, and digestive inflammation. These medicinal attributes of the tea have been used to treat dysentery, lung ailments, and urinary infections. An infusion of dried stalks has been used to treat bladder infections. Hibiscus moscheutos flowers have also been used externally to reduce swelling and pain from bruises and insect stings.
Cultivation
This is a popular garden plant. It can be propagated by seed, or by crown divisions during winter dormancy, and some success can be achieved by hard-wood stem cuttings. Numerous hybrids of the native North American Hibiscus species have been released by the commercial nursery trade. In cultivation the species or the hybrids can be used in bog gardens or other water features. They are attractive and have wildlife value for nectar-feeders and birds.
Cultivars
Many cold-hardy hibiscus cultivars are hybrids of H. moscheutos, H. coccineus, H. laevis, H. militaris, H. grandiflorus, H. dasycalyx, H. mutabilis. With indeterminate genetic contributions from each parent species. Hibiscus breeders do not preclude the possibility of self-pollination. However, recent research has shown that artificial pollination just after the flower has opened using a high pollen load will ensure that most of the resulting seeds are from the selected pollen parent. Early hibiscus breeders were likely aware of this and used it to their advantage.
Conservation
In Canada this plant is listed as a species of special concern under the Species at Risk Act.
Gallery
References
moscheutos
Garden plants
Salt marsh plants
Flora of Canada
Flora of the Eastern United States
Plants described in 1753
Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hibiscus%20moscheutos |
This is a list of newspapers in Ecuador.
Ambato
El Heraldo
Babahoyo
Clarín
Bahía de Caráquez
El Globo
Cuenca
El Mercurio
La Tarde
El Tiempo
Galápagos Islands
El Colono
Guayaquil
Diario Extra
Diario Super
Expreso
El Financiero
El Meridiano
El Metro
PP El Verdadero
La Segunda del Meridiano
El Telégrafo
El Universo
Ibarra
Diario del Norte
La Verdad
Latacunga
La Gaceta
Loja
Cronica de la tarde
El Siglo
Macas
El Observador
Machala
El Correo
El Nacional
La Opinión
Manta
EL Mercurio de Manta
El Metropolitano
Milagro
Prensa La Verdad
Portoviejo
El Diario
Quevedo
Ecos
El Planeta
Quito
El Comercio
La Hora
Hoy
Metro Hoy
Quito Weekly
Últimas Noticias
Riobamba
Los Andes
El Espectador
La Prensa
Tulcán
La Nación
See also
List of newspapers
Further reading
External links
Ecuador
Newspapers published in Ecuador
Newspapers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20newspapers%20in%20Ecuador |
Scribner's Magazine was an American periodical published by the publishing house of Charles Scribner's Sons from January 1887 to May 1939. Scribner's Magazine was the second magazine out of the Scribner's firm, after the publication of Scribner's Monthly. Charles Scribner's Sons spent over $500,000 setting up the magazine, to compete with the already successful Harper's Monthly and The Atlantic Monthly. Scribner's Magazine was launched in 1887, and was the first of any magazine to introduce color illustrations. The magazine ceased publication in 1939.
The magazine contained many engravings by famous artists of the 19th and early 20th centuries, as well as articles by important authors of the time, including John Thomason, Elisabeth Woodbridge Morris, Clarence Cook, and President Theodore Roosevelt.
The magazine had high sales when Roosevelt started contributing, reaching over 200,000, but gradually lost circulation after World War I.
History
Scribner's Magazine was the second periodical publication of the Scribner's firm, after Scribner's Monthly was published from 1870 to 1881. Scribner's Monthly was later moved to another publisher, and renamed The Century Illustrated Monthly Magazine. Charles Scribner announced to a New York Times reporter that they would make a new monthly publication "as soon as the necessary arrangements could be perfected". It was also announced that the editor would be Edward Burlingame, the son of Anson Burlingame, who was already connected to the publishing house as literary adviser. Charles Scribner also noted that the magazine would not be a revival of the formerly published Scribner's Monthly. Charles Scribner's Sons spent over $500,000 in launching Scribner's Magazine to compete with the already successful pictorials, The Atlantic Monthly and Harper's Magazine. Burlingame hired the best artists in his country for the magazine; Howard Pyle, Howard Chandler Christy, Charles Marion Russell, Walter Everett, Maxfield Parrish and Frederic Remington. Before the first issue was released, Charles Scribner's Sons had their first annual "Scribner's Magazine" dinner at their main offices. Scribner's Magazine was launched in January 1887, the first issue of which was to be published from January to June of that year. The magazine was printed and bound by Trow's Printing and Bookbinding Company. Scribner's Magazine was also the first magazine to introduce color illustrations later on. The first issue opens with the literary article "The Downfall to the Empire". by E.B. Washburne, the former minister to France. An early morning fire in 1908 at the Charles Scribner's Sons offices heavily burned the third and fourth floors, where the magazine was produced. In May 1914, the magazine's editor, Edward L. Burlingame, retired and Robert Bridges took over as editor. (Bridges was a lifelong close friend of President Woodrow Wilson ever since the two had met as students at Princeton University.) During the First World War, the magazine employed authors, Richard Harding Davis, Edith Wharton and John Galsworthy, to write about the major conflict. During the time of 1917, when the United States joined the war, the magazine had four to six articles on the subject. On the date of November 19, 1922, the first editor of the magazine, Edward L. Burlingame, died. In January 1928 the magazine had a change in format, with the first of the newly formatted issue having a cover design by Rockwell Kent.
The June 1929 issue was banned in Boston, Massachusetts, due to the article A Farewell to Arms by Ernest Hemingway. The article was deemed salacious by the public, and Boston police barred the magazine from book stands. Charles Scribner's Sons issued the statement that:
In 1930 the magazine's editor, Robert Bridges, retired to become a literary adviser for the firm, and associate editor Alfred S. Deshiell became the "managing editor" of Scribner's Magazine. By January 1932, the magazine had a second change in format, making it much larger. In October 1936, Harlan D. Logan took over as editor from Alfred S. Dashiell, who went on to edit Reader's Digest. Yet again, in October 1936, the magazine went through a third change of design. In 1938, the magazine was bought from Charles Scribner's Sons and started to be published by Harlan Logan Associates, who still retained an interest. In May 1939, the magazine ceased publication due to low circulation compared to Harper's Monthly and The Atlantic Monthly. The magazine was then merged with the pictorial Commentator, to become Scribner's Commentator in November 1939. Scribner's Commentator also ceased publication in 1942 after one of the magazine's staff pleaded guilty to taking payoffs from the Japanese government, in return for publishing propaganda promoting United States isolationism.
Contributors
The magazine was distinguished both by its images, which focused on engravings, and later color images by artists such as Leo Hershfield, Howard Christy, Walter Everett, Mary Hallock Foote, Maxfield Parrish, Ernest Peixotto, Howard Pyle, Frederic Remington, and Charles Marion Russell. The magazine was also noted for its articles, including work by Jacob Riis such as How the Other Half Lives, and The Poor in Great Cities, as well as Theodore Roosevelt's African Game Trails, John Thomason, Elisabeth Woodbridge Morris and Clarence Cook.
Reception
Scribner's Magazine sold well until its conclusion in 1939. The circulation of the magazine went up when Theodore Roosevelt started authoring a section of the magazine. Around the time, circulation numbers went up to 215,000. The magazine had strong sales until the end of the First World War, then sales went down to 70,000 and then 43,000 by 1930, which eventually brought the magazine to a closure. Review of Reviews editor, William T. Stead, criticized the magazine for relying too much on its illustrations.
Notes
External links
Scribner's Magazine at HathiTrust Digital Library, vols. 1–19 (1887–1896)
Scribner's Magazine at the Modernist Journals Project: a cover-to-cover, searchable digital edition of volumes 47–72 (Jan. 1910 – Dec. 1922) that includes original wrappers and advertising pages. PDFs of these 156 issues may be downloaded for free from the MJP website.
Magazines established in 1887
Magazines disestablished in 1939
Monthly magazines published in the United States
Charles Scribner's Sons
Defunct literary magazines published in the United States
Magazines published in New York City | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scribner%27s%20Magazine |
Watton-at-Stone railway station serves the village of Watton-at-Stone in Hertfordshire, England. It is down the line from on the Hertford Loop Line between Hertford North and Stevenage and is served by trains operated by Great Northern.
History
According to the Watton-at-Stone Parish Council, a proposal for a rail route between London and Stevenage was approved by Parliament in 1898, though construction did not begin until 1906. A single-track section through Watton-at-Stone opened on 4 March 1918, with the track later being dualled.
The station saw its first passenger train run through on 6 February 1920, but did so only when a train was diverted from the East Coast Main Line as the result of an accident. Scheduled passenger services of four trains per day started on 2 June 1924, stopping on request at Watton-at-Stone.
The station's life as a passenger service was short-lived however, and it closed just 15 years later on 10 September 1939, despite the famed locomotive engineer Nigel Gresley's residency in the village.
The nationalised British Railways considered reopening the station in the 1960s, but it was not until 1981 that a campaign to reopen the station gathered momentum. The bulk of the £120,000 costs were paid for by Hertfordshire County Council and British Rail, but villagers and the parish council responded to a public appeal for funds, and together contributed £8,000. On 17 May 1982, a small crowd gathered to board the 06:23 service from Watton-at-Stone to Moorgate, the first passenger train to serve the village in almost 43 years.
Services
All services at Watton-at-Stone are operated by Great Northern using EMUs.
The typical off-peak service in trains per hour is:
2 tph to via
2 tph to
Cultural references
In 1977, track in the vicinity of the then closed station was used by British Transport Films as a set to film the notorious public information film The Finishing Line. Using shock tactics to deter children from playing near railway lines, the film was staged as a dream sequence of a parody school sports day with 'events' on and around the track. Local schoolchildren were drafted as actors. The film was broadcast on the nightly Nationwide TV show, and the liberal quantities of stage blood and graphic depiction of injuries became a matter of some controversy.
References
External links
Other map sources for (coordinates )
Movie of steam train Duke of Gloucester passing through Watton-at-Stone
Railway stations in Hertfordshire
DfT Category E stations
Former London and North Eastern Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1924
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1939
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1982
Reopened railway stations in Great Britain
Railway stations served by Govia Thameslink Railway
1924 establishments in England
Watton-at-Stone | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watton-at-Stone%20railway%20station |
The Utah Transportation Commission serves as an independent advisory committee within the State of Utah, United States with the responsibility of deciding how available transportation funds are spent and prioritizing transportation projects within the state. Members of the commission are appointed by the governor. With limited funds available, the commission is tasked with making difficult priority decisions. The commission also advises the Utah Department of Transportation (UDOT) on transportation systems policy. The commission coordinates directly with the executive director of UDOT.
References
Transportation | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utah%20Transportation%20Commission |
Moral insanity referred to a type of mental disorder consisting of abnormal emotions and behaviours in the apparent absence of intellectual impairments, delusions, or hallucinations. It was an accepted diagnosis in Europe and America through the second half of the 19th century.
The physician James Cowles Prichard first used the phrase to describe a mental disorder in 1835 in his Treatise on insanity and other disorders affecting the mind. He defined moral insanity as: "madness consisting in a morbid perversion of the natural feelings, affections, inclinations, temper, habits, moral dispositions, and natural impulses, without any remarkable disorder or defect of the interest or knowing and reasoning faculties, and particularly without any insane illusion or hallucinations."
The concept of moral insanity was indebted to the work of physician Philippe Pinel, which was acknowledged by Prichard. Pinel had described mental diseases of only partial, affective, insanity. His concept Manie sans délire (Latin – mania sine delirio; French – folie raisonnante or folie lucide raisonnante, monomanie affective; German – Moralisches Irresein) referred to insanity without delusion. That is, the person was thought to be mad in one area only and thus the personality of the individual might be distorted but his or her intellectual faculties were unimpaired.
The term 'moral', at that time and taken originally from French, could mean the affective, or interior depth of an individual rather than necessarily a reference to their ethics.
Diagnostic schemes
The term 'moral insanity' had been used earlier by Thomas Arnold (physician) and Benjamin Rush in referring to what they saw as a result of madness – a disruption or perversion of the emotions or moral sense. This usage had little to do with Prichard's diagnostic definition of the term as a form of madness itself, however.
Overall, Prichard defined insanity as a, "chronic disease, manifested by deviations from the healthy and natural state of the mind." He then proposed four broad categories. Moral insanity was for disorders that only seemed to arise from a person's feelings and habits, not his intellect. The other three types involved increasing degrees of intellectual abnormality: a partial derangement that was limited to certain trains of thought; a full mania, by which was meant 'raving madness' regardless of topic; and lastly, a breakdown of any connections between ideas, referred to as incoherence or dementia.
Prichard considered that some early nosologists, namely Sauvages, Sagar and Linnaeus, had distinguished between medical conditions with hallucinations and those involving depraved appetites or feelings. But he credits Pinel as the first in psychiatry to clearly distinguish madness without delerium, in opposition to Locke's widely accepted axiom that insanity always stemmed from faulty intellectual connections or mistaken perceptions. However, Pinel's concept focused on a frenzy of the passions, particularly involving rage and violence. For Prichard the typical syndrome was more a form of extreme eccentricity, and he would later refer to Pinel's type as a madness of the instincts.
Prichard was an adherent of what was known faculty psychology, which attempted to divide the mind into different functions or abilities, but not phrenology, which attempted to locate them below specific parts of the skull. He was also influenced by a school of thought associated with the physician Nasse, which posited disorders of emotions or temperament rather than intellect. Prichard also considered a complex categorical scheme developed by Heinroth, concluding that a number of disorders in different divisions of that scheme would be more simply gathered under the heading 'moral insanity'. He suggested the category could also be termed 'parapathia', or alternatively 'pathomania' by analogy with monomania.
The latter term had been introduced by the physician Esquirol, who had succeeded Pinel, to refer to a form of insanity where there is a fixation or excess in only one area. It was also used widely by Étienne-Jean Georget. It was theorized to be caused by a split in the faculties of the mind. Prichard considered his first category of intellectual (rather than moral) insanity, to be equivalent to monomania. This in turn meant that the symptoms of moral insanity could increase, causing an overall degeneration into monomania. "On the surface, monomania can thus appear even more circumscribed a form of derangement than moral insanity." However, Esquirol by contrast considered moral insanity to be simply one form of monomania.
Context
Contemporary misunderstanding of the term derives from the double meaning of the word "moral" in the nineteenth century context. According to Erdmann Mueller in a comprehensive 1899 treatise on moral insanity: "the word moral in the concept moral insanity is derived from the word affective in Esquirol's terminology, and the translation of moral as virtuous or ethical is the result of a misunderstanding due to the double meaning of the word." According to Pinel, manie sans délire (mania without delusion) had no relation to the moral faculty. Moral insanity was a form of mental derangement in which the intellectual faculties were unaffected, but the affects or emotions were damaged, causing patients to be carried away by some kind of furious instinct (instincte fureur).
Likewise, the term moral treatment referred to a set of psychosocial techniques rather than necessarily defined as ethical practice. Under Pinel's guidance, patients were freed from chains and shackles. Prichard used a mixture of moral treatment techniques as well as traditional medical treatments of bleeding, purging, vomiting etc.
Prichard appeared to view the disorder in terms of both affect and morality. As a religious and conservative man, he shared in some gloom about a perceived decline in morals and religion, and increase of selfishness. Some attributed this to socioeconomic developments related to industrialization or capitalism. Prichard saw it as an issue within human consciousness, identity and judgement; he was also influenced by theories that natural human emotions could become unbalanced in conditions of civilisation far removed from nature. However, he also linked moral insanity to a debasement of the more refined emotions, which he in turn saw as more associated with the affluent classes, such that a person still knew right from wrong but became unable to conduct themselves "with decency and propriety in the business of life". Prichard was also concerned to challenge the development of phrenology, which attempted to localise aspects of the mind and personality to particular areas of the brain, as assessed by the size of bumps in the skull. The alternative was to locate mental disorder in temperament, abstractly located in the visceral organs or nervous system in a then modern form of humorism, while maintaining that powers of judgement were a metaphysical or religious component.
Later, Maudsley discussed moral insanity as a sign of poor moral willpower or moral sense. DH Tuke asserted that while it may appear to stem from the emotions, it was often due to a weakening of the 'higher centres' of will, and he thus suggested a new name 'inhibitory insanity'.
Both moral insanity and monomania were depicted in Victorian novels and movies of the time. They were similar in that they were both abnormalities of an otherwise normal mind, though the former was a systemic malfunction and the latter an isolated aberration.
The context leading to the conceptualization of this diagnostic category was undoubtedly borne out of the frustration of alienists (the term is approximately equivalent to the modern day one of psychiatrist) by the definition of madness provided by John Locke in which delusional symptoms were required. In legal trials this definition had proved to be a great source of embarrassment to alienists because unless delusional symptoms could be clearly shown judges would not consider a plea of insanity.
In terms of involuntary commitment of individuals alleged to be insane, Prichard was cautious in using the diagnosis of moral insanity, partly because the educated classes that were typical clients tended to hold the asylum system in very low regard. Prichard tended to suggest it came down to an assessment of individual mental state and ability. He emphasized property and social order as the rationale for confinement: "Of all these arrangements the maintenance of public order is the principal object, and the second is the preservation of the property belonging to the lunatic and the interest of his family."
Implications
Ultimately, the concept of moral insanity did not change the orthodox legal defense of insanity which required the clear presence of delusion, as embodied in the M'Naghten rules in 1842 which are still referenced today. Nevertheless, modern conceptions of responsibility have been forged in part through the medical and legal exchanges over moral insanity, including anticipations of the diagnosis in the writings of Benjamin Rush, in the context of concepts of free will associated with religious Common Sense Realism.
Moral insanity came to be increasingly seen as a form of genetically inherited degeneracy, and toward the end of the 19th century and into the 20th century converged with ideas of moral imbecility and deficiency, as well as with an anti-vice moral hygiene movement.
Several writers have sounded caution over the notion that the diagnostic category of moral insanity was a direct forerunner of psychopathic disorder. As stated by the historian F.A. Whitlock: "there [is] not the remotest resemblance between their examples [Pinel's and Prichard's] and what today would be classed as psychopathic personality." Prichard's "moral insanity" was a catch-all term of behavioural disorders whose only feature in common was an absence of delusions: it is not cognate with the modern diagnostic category of antisocial personality disorder. However, Whitlock has suggested that the diagnosis gradually changed into moral imbecility over the turn of the century and that in turn transformed into something like the current concept of psychopathy.
The psychiatrist Koch sought to make the moral insanity concept more scientific and suggested in 1891 the phrase 'psychopathic inferiority' (later personality) be used instead. This referred to continual and rigid patterns of misconduct or dysfunction in the absence of apparent intellectual disability or illness. The diagnosis was meant to imply a congenital disorder, and to be made without moral judgement, though Koch has been described as deeply rooted in a Christian faith. Toward the mid 20th century the terminology of the 'psychopathic' would become specifically associated with an aggressive and anti-social personality. A more general concept of character disorders came into use by psychoanalysts, and psychiatry later adopted the current terminology of personality disorders.
See also
Insanity
Moral treatment
References
External links
Obsolete medical terms
Obsolete terms for mental disorders
Insanity | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moral%20insanity |
This is a list of newspapers in French Guiana.
France-Guyane (Cayenne) francegyane.fr
Guyane la 1ère (Malakoff, France) la1ere.francetvinfo.fr
Magazines
Une Saison en Guyane (Cayenne) une-saison-en-guyane.com
See also
List of newspapers
References
French Guiana
Newspapers
Newspapers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20newspapers%20in%20French%20Guiana |
Humanist Society Scotland is a Scottish registered charity that promotes humanist views and offers humanist wedding, funeral, and baby-naming ceremonies. It is a member of the European Humanist Federation and Humanists International.
In the 21st century, the HSS has grown in tandem with the rapid pace of secularisation in Scotland. Since 2016, it has been the largest provider of weddings in Scotland, performing more marriages each year than the Church of Scotland, Catholic Church in Scotland, or any religious group.
History and aims
The Humanist Society of Scotland was formed in 1989 out of an association of local humanist groups around Scotland, the Society's objective is "to represent the views of people in Scotland who wish to lead good and worthwhile lives guided by reason and compassion rather than religion or superstition", and to provide a distinct Scottish voice in complement to the British Humanist Association. In 2018, the Society reported having over 15,000 members.
The official symbol of the Society is an adaptation of the Happy Human symbol which incorporates the Saltire. The author Christopher Brookmyre previously held the post of President between 2008 and 2015.
Campaigns
The Society campaigns for a secular state in Scotland, and to abolish religious privilege.
Its main efforts have concentrated on seeking to allow legal humanist weddings, which succeeded in 2005, and to secularise state education.
Weddings
In January 2001, the Society lodged a petition with the Scottish Parliament calling for the Marriage (Scotland) Act 1977 to be amended to allow legal humanist wedding ceremonies, alongside religious and civil ones. Although the Act was not amended, section 12 of the Act allows the Registrar General for Scotland to authorise temporary additional celebrants. In 2005, the Registrar agreed to authorise 12 celebrants from the Humanist Society, in part because of a concern that allowing legal religious weddings but not legal humanist ones might not be consistent with the right to "freedom of thought, conscience and religion", which includes non-religious belief, in Article 9 of the European Convention on Human Rights. The first legal humanist wedding took place at Edinburgh Zoo on 18 June 2005 between Karen Watts (from Ireland) and Martin Reijns (from the Netherlands).
Humanist weddings have since becoming increasingly popular and, in 2010, with over 70 celebrants authorised to conduct them 2,092 legal humanist weddings took place in Scotland, becoming the third most popular form of Wedding in Scotland after Registrars and the Church of Scotland. The Society organises training, mentoring and performance reviews of celebrants, and submits names of celebrants to the Registrar General annually for authorisation. Prior to the Marriage and Civil Partnership (Scotland) Act 2014, the Society performed a similar role for celebrants to conduct same-sex commitment ceremonies and weddings, although formal authorisation by the Registrar is not required for these ceremonies since they had no effect on the legal status of individuals concerned. Since the legalisation of same-sex marriages, both sets of same-sex and opposite-sex marriages are treated the same way.
In 2017 the society received official status from the Scottish Parliament as the first non-religious body that could solemnise weddings. Scotland was from 2005 until 2018 the only part of the United Kingdom where humanist celebrants can solemnise marriages (Northern Ireland became the second in 2018 following a Humanists UK legal case). In 2017, the Society announced that it had married 50,000 people in legal ceremonies since their recognition in 2005. In 2017, the Society conducted more weddings than the Church of Scotland or the Scottish Catholic Church, prompting media discussions about the high profile of humanism in Scotland.
In 2018 official statistics obtained by BBC Radio 4 from the Scottish Courts and Tribunals Service showed that those who opted for a Humanist wedding were three time less likely to end in divorce than a Roman Catholic marriage and four times less likely to end in divorce than a civil marriage.
Education
In 2013 the group, along with the Edinburgh Secular Society, started a campaign against religious representation on council education committees in Scotland.
In 2016 the Society took a judicial review of the decision to not allow children and young people to opt out of compulsory religious observance in Scottish schools, after a UN Committee called for a change in practice in Scotland.
Other issues
The Society supported both the End of Life Assistance (Scotland) Bill, introduced in the Scottish Parliament by Margo MacDonald MSP and are involved in the campaign behind Liam McArthur MSP's proposed Assisted Dying for Terminally Ill Adults (Scotland) Bill launched in 2021.
They were also part of the campaign for equal marriage in Scotland to allow same sex couples to be legally married as an alternative to civil partnerships as well as allowing opposite sex couples access to civil partnerships.
Humanist Society Scotland have also campaigned to remove blasphemy from Scots law and to end funding for homeopathy on the National Health Service in Scotland.
References
External links
Secularism in Scotland
European Humanist Federation
Charities based in Edinburgh
1989 establishments in Scotland
Organizations established in 1989
Humanist associations | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanist%20Society%20Scotland |
The Utah Parks Company, a subsidiary of Union Pacific Railroad, owned and operated restaurants, lodging, and bus tours in Bryce Canyon and Zion National Parks, the north rim of Grand Canyon National Park, and Cedar Breaks National Monument from the 1920s until 1972. Operating as a concessionaire of the National Park Service, the company operated from a base in Cedar City, Utah. The company's bus tours connected there with Union Pacific trains as well as tour buses from Los Angeles, San Francisco and other west coast cities, and offered a loop tour of the region's parks and monuments, escorted by a Utah Parks Company driver/guide.
History
Shortly after the National Park Service was created through the 1916 Organic Act, the brothers Gronway and Chauncey Perry applied for a transportation concession to take tourists from Cedar City to Mukuntuweap National Monument (later Zion National Park), incorporating as the National Park Transportation and Camping Company with William Wylie in 1917. The Parry brothers had previously operated a shuttle service from the Los Angeles and Salt Lake Railroad to St. George, Utah which started in 1915; the new transportation concession operated with a fleet of used vehicles: one seven-passenger Hudson, a Ford Model T, and three Cadillacs. The shoestring operation was run entirely by the two brothers, who were often so busy running the company they enlisted their younger brother, Whit, to drive tourists when he was just 13 years old. When the United States entered World War I, the two older brothers joined the Army and turned over their proxies in the company to Wylie; upon their return in 1920, they discovered that Wylie had forced them out. After a court battle, Chauncey Perry and Wylie reconciled and restarted the company in 1921, now renamed to the Utah—Grand Canyon Transportation Company since they now provided trips to the Grand Canyon as well. After Wylie left the company, Chauncey invited Gronway to rejoin and Chauncey served as a guide during President Warren Harding's trip to Zion in 1923.
Union Pacific acquired the Los Angeles & Salt Lake in 1921 and extended a branch of the line from Lund to Cedar City in 1923, incorporating its Utah Parks Company subsidiary that year; the railroad-backed company bought out the Parry brothers in 1926 and installed them as company superintendents. The typical route to Zion from the southwest was a dead-end at the time; tourists going in were forced to take the same way out until the Zion – Mount Carmel Highway and Tunnel was completed in 1930. The tunnel was not initiated until it was apparent that Bryce Canyon would be added to the National Park System. After it was completed, the Utah Parks Company set up the "Grand Loop Tour" for tourists taking buses through Zion, Grand Canyon, Bryce Canyon, and Cedar Breaks; the tunnel cut travel time to Bryce Canyon by half and reduced the distance from . After 1936, bus tours were offered on the National Parks-standard White Model 706.
As the twentieth century progressed, railroad passenger traffic declined and the Union Pacific's interest in supporting National Park tourism correspondingly lessened. The railroad ended passenger train service to Cedar City in 1960, and in 1972 the Union Pacific donated its concession-related infrastructure to the National Park Service. The facilities at Cedar Breaks were razed, as were some of the developments at Bryce and Zion, but the remaining lodge facilities remain in use today.
In March 2007, Xanterra Parks and Resorts took over the concession at the former Utah Parks Company locations. In March 2014, the concession inside Bryce Canyon National Park was taken over by Forever Resorts.
Properties
The Utah Parks Company constructed rustic-style, stone-and-log lodges at each of the Park Service locations it served. Most of the major buildings were designed by Gilbert Stanley Underwood, a noted period architect. (Underwood also designed the Ahwahnee Hotel (1925) in Yosemite National Park, and Jackson Lake Lodge in Grand Teton National Park.) Underwood's surviving Utah Parks Company buildings are considered exceptional examples of the Rustic style of architecture, and are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
The company also owned the landmark El Escalante Hotel in Cedar City where visitors intending to take the park loop on a Utah Parks Company bus were required to stay their first night in Cedar City, which became known as the "Gateway to the Parks". The venerable El Escalante was especially well known to escorts in the 1960s, many from Greyhound Bus Lines, arriving via bus for a tour of the Parks. With up to 39 travelers per tour, the groups took over the El Escalante, which offered only 23 rooms, and some were forced to share bathrooms. It was a common joke among escorts that if you could survive that first night at the El Escalante with a full tour, you could survive most anything.
See also
Utah Parks Company Service Station
References
Bibliography
External links
Gerald R. Sherratt Library
The Development of Zion National Park
Utah Parks Company Records;MSS 533; Utah Parks Company records; 20th Century Western & Mormon Manuscripts; L. Tom Perry Special Collections, Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University.
Union Pacific Railroad
Companies based in Utah
1923 establishments in Utah | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utah%20Parks%20Company |
The Observatory is an art rock, experimental and electronica band based in Singapore, consisting primarily of members from 1990s Singaporean bands. The band formed in 2001 and performed for the first time at the Baybeats music festival in December 2002. They have released eight albums: Time of Rebirth (2004), Blank Walls (2005), A Far Cry From Here (2007), Dark Folke (2009), Catacombs (2012), Oscilla (2014), Continuum (2015) and August is the Cruellest (2016). The band has performed in Norway, Italy, Japan, France, Germany and Singapore, and headlined regional music events in Malaysia and Thailand and Korea, such as MTV's Pattaya Music Festival, Heineken Fat Festival Bangkok, St Jerome's Laneway Festival and the Seoul Fringe Festival.
The Observatory is the subject of a crowd-funded experimental music documentary, The Obs: A Singapore Story, which premiered at the Singapore International Film Festival in December 2014 and travelled to the CINEDAYS Festival of European Film in Macedonia, DORF film festival in Croatia, Bare Bones International Music and Film Festival in the United States and more.
Discography
Albums
Time of Rebirth
Released: March 2004
Produced by The Observatory & Rennie Gomes
Mixed by The Observatory & Rennie Gomes at members' homes and at Yellow Box Studios, Singapore
The debut album, Time of Rebirth, released in March 2004, is described by the band as "a quiet, ruminating album of poignant songs underlined by delicate textures and lush instrumentation. Delivered in hush tones over layers of subtle electronic elements blended with a distinct acoustic feel." It was written and recorded over a period of two-and-a-half years.
Reviewing the demo version of Time of Rebirth on BigO, Ivan Thomasz called it "a timely way-station on the journey of life", while critic Paul Zach praised the official album as being "so achingly, subtly gorgeous, it defies categorisation". Despite not receiving any airplay from local radio stations, 800 copies of the Time of Rebirth demo were sold, with the official album being picked up by Universal Music SIngapore for distribution, selling out its first run of 2,000 copies. Nominating Time of Rebirth as the Best Album of 2004, Razali Abdullah of Today called it "a groundbreaking album so ethereally beautiful...a local band as good as [The Observatory] comes by once a millennium." Reviewing the album in The Straits Times, Yeow Kai Chai wrote that "The Observatory invoke otherworldly beauty through a blend of electric gadgetry and classic instrumentation…gradually laying bare their emotional core while taking your breath away", while Chris Ho praised Time of Rebirth for being "[t]ender and beautiful in its intimacy".
Time of Rebirth features non-standard packaging designed by Kinetic. Rather than coming in a jewel case, it was released in the form of a diary, complete with paper-clipped photographs and torn pages. The band all had a hand in assembling the packaging. A music video for "Killing Time", directed by Royston Tan, was also released.
Blank Walls
Released: September 2005
Produced by The Observatory & Jorgen Traeen
Mixed by Jorgen Traeen at Duper Studio (Bergen, Norway)
Their second album, Blank Walls, elaborates on the band’s philosophy of perpetual change, and is described by the band as "deliberately loose, eschewing particular themes and genres while embracing unconventional structures, progressive sounds and improvisatory forms, continuing an experimentation with song form, delving into greater depths of musical and lyrical tension, creating a diverse, experimental palette of words, sonic layering, and musical contrasts. The subject matter signals a mood-shift towards a more palpable intensity, exploring various themes from anger to disenchantment, from the quaint and humorous to self-mockery or plain indignation."
Today gave Blank Walls 4/5, praising The Observatory for "upp[ing] the ante by bringing in new drummer Adam Shah – who gives the band an unexpected edge – and crafting a beautiful opus that is hauntingly powerful." Complimenting The Observatory on how "the[ir] audacity can be heard in the way sounds are spliced, unwound and transplanted without warning", Yeow Kai Chai of The Straits Times wrote, "No other Singapore band, past or present, has captured the imagination quite like The Observatory. In two brief years, this experimental space-rock combo has risen from nowhere to become a premier act which everybody talks about with a kind of reverential hush."
Featuring art by Andy Yang, Blank Walls was launched on 2 September 2005 at a sold-out, lauded concert at the Recital Studio of Esplanade – Theatres on the Bay. A music video for "Olives", directed by Patrick Ong and fFurious, was also released.
A Far Cry From Here
Released: April 2007
Produced by Jørgen Træen and The Observatory
Mixed & mastered by Jørgen Træen at Duper Studio (Bergen, Norway)
Recorded by Jørgen Træen at Boss Studio (Singapore) with Philip Wong
Following on from Time of Rebirth and Blank Walls, this was The Observatory's third album in four years. The band was influenced by Soft Machine, This Heat, Tortoise, Talk Talk, Supersilent, Brian Wilson, Robert Wyatt, Nick Drake and Jaga Jazzist, whom The Observatory opened up for at the Mosaic Music Festival in 2007, amongst others. The album was described by the band as "a rich and imaginative musical vision, on which vocalist-guitarist Leslie Low builds his pensive, tender yet elliptical song-craft. The adventurous and epic exist in perfect tandem with restraint and intricacy. Exploring an ocean of sound and emotion, A Far Cry From Here should strike a chord with fans of experimental and progressive-minded classics such as Radiohead's OK Computer, Talk Talk's Spirit of Eden and Wilco's A Ghost Is Born." Unlike the process on Time of Rebirth and Blank Walls, where the band built on frontman Leslie Low's arrangements, each band member contributed ideas for songs on A Far Cry From Here.
Reviewing the album for the Singapore edition of Time Out, Chris Toh wrote that A Far Cry From Here "delves even deeper into experimental melodies and rhythms than the band's previous critically acclaimed albums". The Today review noted how A Far Cry From Here "revels in a sense of unease and is the most obvious sign yet of the band's move away from its past 'ambient candy' sound". Yeow Kai Chai of The Straits Times praised The Observatory for "delving deep and venturing into the unknown...This sense of unease, a constant calibration between heaviness and lightness, informs the way the music switches between jazzy delicacy and far-out phases of post-rock noiseniks. It's both the beauty and the beast... it's a ghostly, raw, sometimes intense soundscape with minimal overdubs to frighten off lazy lounge cats."
As with previous releases, the band chose a non-standard packaging instead of the conventional jewel case. The outer package is a small box with flap, containing a foldout multipanel slipcover with information, and a CD holder in the last section. A Far Cry From Here was launched on 14 April 2007 at Zouk.
Dark Folke
Released: July 2009
Produced by Jørgen Træen and The Observatory
Recorded, Mixed & mastered by Jørgen Træen at Duper Studio (Bergen, Norway)
The fourth album was again recorded and mixed in Bergen, Norway with their longtime collaborator, Jorgen Traeen. The band describes the work as "a change in musical direction" and said "the math prog rock of The Observatory's third album A Far Cry From Here has morphed into a fluid mystical beast called Dark Folke. Most songs have no drums on them. But there is rhythm. Only the type of rhythm associated with an invisible pulse. An implied rhythm. 5 folks sitting around a fire. A metaphorical fire. Chanting for the rain to come."
"Moving away from the melodious constraints of song," Ang Song Ming writes in his review, "Dark Folke veers towards ambience – an almost asphyxiating kind", calling it the band's Kid A. Noah Berlatsky remarked in Metro Pulse on the album's combination of freak folk, drony psychedelia and near-metal. Christopher Lim of The Business Times called Dark Folke "A rich sonic feast.. a diving pool that begs to have its depths plumbed", while Christopher Toh of Today awarded the album 4 out of 5, writing that "Album No 4 for The Observatory is a great excursion into what making music in Scandinavia in the wintertime sounds like...the album is wonderfully hypnotic."
The CD album is a hardbound book, designed and drawn by metal/hardcore/underground illustrator and designer, Justin Bartlett, the artist behind the art of Sunn O))), Moss, Aura Noir and more. Dark Folke was also released on double vinyl. A music video for "Mind Roots", directed by Ler Jiyuan, was also released.
In the lead-up to the release of Dark Folke, The Observatory collaborated with filmmaker Ho Tzu Nyen and theatre director Kok Heng Leun on Invisible Room, a multimedia work for the Singapore Arts Festival featuring the band performing in an 'inverted' music space. "Invisible Room" is also the title of a Dark Folke song.
Catacombs
Released: April 2012
Produced by Jørgen Træen and The Observatory
Recorded and Mixed by Jorgen Traeen
Mastered by James Plotkin
Design by Keith Utech
Art by Thomas Hooper
Offset, Letterpress Printing and Bindery by Stumptown Printers
The Observatory's fifth album, Catacombs, is described by the band as containing "a more primal, new dark wave sound...[a] study in delusion, insanity and obsession [that] provokes and inspires in a deeply enigmatic way. Even at its coldest and most abstract, it is human to the core."
Writing that "The Observatory have outdone themselves this time", X' Ho reviewed Catacombs by declaring, "Someday in the future, some pop historian is gonna look back and say – Catacombs marks the beginning of a new horizon in local music for the sheer fact that waywardness in Singapore's ultra-leftfield, alternative-rock has been deemed fetching and unanimously praised with this album." Critic Kevin Mathews praised Catacombs by calling it "an uncompromising honest work of art that expresses the deepest feelings and emotions of the artist and lays them bare for its audience to dissect, absorb and devour." my Paper described Catacombs as "dark, visceral and multi-faceted", promising that it will "get under your skin – and stay there." Yeow Kai Chai of The Straits Times awarded the album four out of five stars, comparing it to late Scott Walker and noting lyricist Leslie Low's references to Dutch occultist Johann Weyer and French philosopher Michel Foucault, writing that "the band have moved out of the mainstream into the furthest frontiers of the universe." Alia Azmi of Juice magazine noted that the album "explores a deeper, heavier sound than their previous works". In 2017, music website Bandwagon ranked Catacombs as the best The Observatory album, writing that "it stands as the band’s crowning achievement in framing primal emotions within intricate instrumentation...an incredible singular statement of artful intention and uninhibited honesty".
Featuring design by Keith Utech and art by Thomas Hooper, Catacombs was released on deluxe CD, digital and double vinyl. Catacombs was launched on 20 and 21 April 2012 at The Substation Theatre. Enter the Catacomb, a series of live sessions featuring the band performing Catacombs in its entirety in the studio, was also released.
Oscilla
Released: August 2014
Music composed and performed by The Observatory
Cheryl Ong - Drums, Percussion; Dharma - Guitar; Leslie Low - Guitar, Vocal; Vivian Wang - Synth Bass, Keys, Percussion; Yuen Chee Wai - Electronics, Synth
Lyrics by Leslie Low
Produced by The Observatory
Recorded live at The Black Axis, Singapore, May 2014
Engineered by Johnny Sarcophagus
Mixed by Leslie Low
Mastered by James Plotkin
Concept & direction by The Observatory
Photos from "On the blue shores of silence" by Philipp Aldrup
Typography, layout and additional photography by Yuen Chee Wai
The Observatory's sixth album, Oscilla, is described by the band as "the imagined swing of our imperfect times", featuring "vibrations of shifting rhythms, synth bass space, oscillators and abused guitars". The four songs on Oscilla were developed on a tour with Norwegian noise band MoE in Norway in 2012 and Italy in 2013, then tested on the road during a Southeast Asian tour in October and November 2013, culminating in a divisive performance at St. Jerome's Laneway Festival in Singapore. The lyrics deal with political tumult and according to the band's lyricist Leslie Low, reflect "[c]ommon people like us making a stand. Living off the grid in some way or another, (offering) criticism of existing paradigms, alternatives, the view from the ground up". The title track makes reference to Zomia, historian Willem van Schendel and James C. Scott's term for the huge mass of mainland Southeast Asia that has historically been beyond the control of governments based in the population centres of the lowlands.
Reviewing the album in Today, Kevin Mathews writes, "Oscilla is cutting-edge art that one can conceivably rock out to, which is no mean feat", awarding it full marks. Yeow Kai Chai gave the album four out of five stars, writing in The Straits Times that Oscilla "scans the deplorable state of the world, questions war and strife, and assesses the value of life. To that end, its restless, angular riffs cut and draw blood." Daniel Peters of Bandwagon observed the "politically-charged" dimension of Oscilla, writing that the "elongated hypnotic rhythms akin to krautrock and a harsh post-punk intensity...establishes Oscilla as one of the most confrontational records we've heard all year."
Featuring photographs by Philipp Aldrup, Oscilla was released on CD, digital, vinyl and cassette. Oscilla was launched on 16 and 17 August 2014 at The Substation Theatre, featuring appearances by Hanging Up the Moon's Sean Lam, Dean Aziz and former member Victor Low on back-up vocals.
Continuum
Released: 15 July 2015
Performed by Dharma - guitar, bass; Bani Haykal - guitar, reyong, cengceng; Vivian Wang - synth, voice; Leslie Low - Acoustic guitar, bass, drums, voice, pemade, jegogan, reyong
Concept & direction by The Observatory
Recorded & mixed by Leslie Low
Mastered by James Plotkin
Illustration by Massimiliano Amati (Redellearinghe)
Album design by Yuen Chee Wai
Four years in the making, The Observatory's seventh album, Continuum, is their take on Indonesia's gamelan music tradition. Partially written and recorded in Lodtunduh, Bali, Continuum found The Observatory devising their own six-note scale of E, F, F#, A#, C and D#. Inspired in part by Talk Talk and Jiddu Krishnamurti, Continuum had the noise musician Lasse Marhaug contributing a remix, "Part 6", to its release. Released on double vinyl, CD and digitally, Continuum was launched at The Substation on 23 July 2015 at a launch concert with an ensemble of 10 musicians, with The Straits Times finding "the East-meets-West soundscape...hypnotic in the way it tightly enveloped the audience" at the "seamless art-rock concert[s]". Continuum was partially funded by the National Arts Council's Arts Creation Fund.
The Straits Times found Continuum a "sonically stellar mix" and "tenebrous but at the same time, musically cutting-edge and far-out", giving it four out of five stars. Time Out Singapore ranked Continuum amongst the best albums of 2015, noting that while the album is "not their best release by a long shot... this EP of gamelan music spiked with noise and doom rock deserves mad props for its bravery". Bandwagon ranked it #7 on its list of Top 10 Singapore LPs of 2015.
In February 2016, the band performed Continuum at the Performing Arts Meeting in Yokohama, Japan, directed by Aki Onda as part of a programme curated by Tang Fu Kuen. The one-night performance was supported by the National Arts Council.
August is the Cruellest
Released: 29 February 2016
Music composed, performed and arranged by The Observatory
Additional instrumentation on "The Weight of It All" features Natalie Alexandra Tse on guzheng and Andy Chia on dizi
Recorded and mixed by Leslie Low
Recorded at Solslottet Studios, Bergen, Norway except "August is the Cruellest" and "Brutal Blues", recorded at Black Axis & The Well, Singapore
Mastered by James Plotkin
Photographs by Bjorn Vaughn
Album design by Yuen Chee Wai
Recorded in Singapore and Norway during the height of the 2015 Southeast Asian haze crisis, August is the Cruellest, inspired by King Crimson, Soft Machine, Zircon Lounge and others, is described by the band as "a work of political noise, a punishing challenge to look inward and move forward." The title track, inspired by T. S. Eliot's poem "The Waste Land", was previously performed live at theatre company Drama Box's Singapore International Festival of Arts 2015 production, The Cemetery. Writer Ng Yi-Sheng described the song as "growling rock, loud as bulldozers", another critic called it "a searing rock track... raw and loud, melancholic and frustrated, and ends with high-pitched feedback", while TODAYs Mayo Martin noted that "the music evokes anger, frustration, despair and destruction — but perhaps also the slightest trace of hope".
Reviewing the album on Bandwagon, three critics called this "proper follow-up to Oscilla" "challenging and disconcerting", "sinister, raw and explosive", and praised how the production, especially the drums, "sounds great". "Designed to grip you and shock you out of apathy and just make you think––that's the sense of hope," they noted, singling out "Everything is Vibration" and "The Weight of It All" as highlights of "their strongest album yet", giving it ratings of 8/10, 7/10 and 8.5/10. In a review of their album launch gig, Bandwagon also noted that the album "doesn't just see them at their most sonically intrusive — they're pissed off." Time Out Singapore'''s editor Iliyas Ong called August is the Cruellest a "seething, fire-breathing monster", declaring this "soundtrack for our times" "The Observatory's – and possibly the local scene's – tightest and most mature effort to date". Interviewing the band in TODAY, Kevin Mathews called August is the Cruellest a "multi-layered work", while he declared it "their most accessible of their recent releases" and "progressive rock with a conscience" that "succeeds at every level" on his blog.The Straits Times music correspondent Eddino Abdul Hadi gave the album 4/5, noting how it is "full of heartfelt anthems" and features "some of their most visceral and strident anthems to date". Eddino highlighted the songs "You Have No Heart" and "Wait For The Real Storm" as stand-outs, comparing "Low's layered harmonies" on the former to his Humpback Oak tunes. Jun Sheng Ng of Juice magazine described August is the Cruellest as an "immediate counterpoint to the prevailing spirit and sentiment widespread through the city" soon after Singapore's golden jubilee celebrations, noting that it "paints a landscape of desolation [and] the infertile and impotent wasteland we are mired in". Observing that the songs "Everything is Vibration" and "The Weight of It All" reflect the "group’s effort to return to or construct a Southeast Asian or Singaporean sound", with their quotes from Yan Jun’s poetry and use of traditional Chinese instruments like the guzheng and dizi, Ng criticised how "they are unavoidably dwarfed by the already heavy weight and influence of Eliot’s". Honeycombers praised August is the Cruellest as an "audial commentary on the looming, cataclysmic destruction of the earth" and a "revolutionary record [that] challenges a negative status quo that many have refused to acknowledge".
Released on CD, cassette, double vinyl and digitally, August is the Cruellest was launched at the band's acclaimed The Substation gigs on 18 and 19 March 2016, with special guests Dharma and SA Trio and featuring covers of The Cure and Talking Heads. On 9 March 2016, a black-and-white music video for album closer "The Weight of It All" was released.
Compilations
City Sharks: Music From the Motion Picture
Released: 2003
Executive Producers: Esan Sivalingam and Bratina Tay
Music Supervisors: Vivian Wang and Esan Sivalingam
An early incarnation of The Observatory contribute two songs, "Sweetest Man" and "Coffee Break (Intermission)", to the soundtrack of this film, written and directed by Esan Sivalingam.
For Good!
Released: 2006
Mastered by Reece Tunbridge at Studios 301, Sydney, Australia
Rennie Gomes' remix of "This Sad Song" from The Observatory's debut album, Time of Rebirth, was included on this charity release. Proceeds from this Aging Youth Records release went to Music For Good, a non-profit organisation involved in outreach programs to youths.
+65 Indie Underground
Released: 2009
The Observatory's "This Sad Song" from their debut album, Time of Rebirth, was collected in this three-CD compilation of Singapore indie rock, alongside tracks by Humpback Oak, The Oddfellows and Zircon Lounge.
Peter Kruder Private Collection
Released: 2009
The Observatory's "Waste Your Life" from their debut album, Time of Rebirth, was handpicked by Peter Kruder of electronic duo Kruder & Dorfmeister for G-Stone Master Series №1: Peter Kruder Private Collection. Other acts on the compilation include Talk Talk, Tortoise, whom The Observatory opened up for at the Mosaic Music Festival in 2005, and Tom Waits.
Anatomicron
Released: Sep 2012
A collection of unreleased and live material, demos, covers and rarities, Anatomicron’s 13 tracks, including a Nick Drake cover, trace The Observatory's evolution through constantly changing trajectories and terrains. Anatomicron was released in support of the crowd-funded, experimental music documentary, The Obs: A Singapore Story.
Behind These Eyes: The Catacombs Remixes
Released: Apr 2014
Jointly released by The Observatory and Ujikaji
Featuring 11 interpretations of Catacombs songs by artists from Singapore, China, Norway, Thailand/Japan, and the US, including James Plotkin, Lasse Marhaug and Xhin. Interviewed about Behind These Eyes: The Catacombs Remixes, singer Low called the album "Eleven musical visions-lessons-perspectives. The interpretations elaborate on Catacombs' theme of madness and reach sonic territories we could never achieve on our own."
The album was reviewed positively on Midnight Shift Records' blog: "As these artists take The Observatory’s songs further into a digital register, what seemed like a highly personal album dilates into something like a genre unto itself." Reviewing the album in The Straits Times, Yeow Kai Chai wrote that Behind These Eyes: The Catacombs Remixes "meddles with the songs to spectacular effect...Overall, it's a rabbit hole to somewhere riskier and more exciting", while Bandwagon called it "stunning".
Featuring art by Mark Wong, Behind These Eyes: The Catacombs Remixes was released on double vinyl. The album was launched on 25 April 2014 at Artistry, featuring performances and DJ sets by Kiat, Xhin, George Chua and former member Evan Tan.
Split Albums and Collaborations
Gezeitentümpel | Tidal Pools
Released: 2013
An hour-long improvisational soundtrack to photographer Philipp Aldup's 2013 exhibition, Gezeitentümpel, released as a seven-track CD-R.
i.i.i. / Mankind
Released: June 2013
Mixing by Leslie Low and Håvard Skaset
Mastering by James Plotkin
Design and album art by Lasse Marhaug
This split vinyl single with Norway's MoE features Balinese gamelan-inspired bronze instruments the band built on their song, "Mankind". Other instruments on the track include a pair of jegogan and pemade, one cengceng, and a reyong set with acoustic guitar, electric guitar, bass, drums and vocals. "Mankind" was later released on Continuum.
Shadows
Released: 1 July 2018
Produced by The Observatory and MoE
Co-produced by Lasse Marhaug
Mixed and mastered by Lasse Marhaug
Art direction and layout by Yuen Chee Wai
Recorded in Singapore and Norway, Shadows is a three-track collaborative album with MoE, in which both bands experiment with heavy noise rock, gamelan, and konnakol. The nearly 20-minute album alludes to the need for self-examination, wayang kulit, instincts and illusions.
Trails to the Cosmic Vibrations
Released: 22 November 2018
Mixed by Kawabata Makoto and Leslie Low
Mastering by James Plotkin
Artwork by Takahiro Kurashima
Art direction and layout by Yuen Chee Wai
A split vinyl single with Acid Mothers Temple & The Melting Paraiso U.F.O. Acid Mothers Temple's 20-minute contribution, "Flatwoods Monster A Go Go ~ Cometary Orbital Drive 00∞00", is a Hawkwind tribute that was performed on their 2017 and 2018 tour. "Vibrational" by The Observatory was recorded at their concert at the National University of Singapore (NUS) Arts Festival 2017, featuring an orchestra of 30 guitarists from the NUS Guitar Ensemble and the university. Trails to the Cosmic Vibrations was launched with Acid Mothers Temple & The Melting Paraiso U.F.O.'s concert in Singapore on 22 November 2018.
Authority is Alive
Released: 30 September 2020
Mixed and mastered by Lasse Marhaug
Cover photography by Darren Soh
Art direction by Yuen Chee Wai
A live collaboration with the legendary Japanese avant garde musician Haino Keiji, recorded live at "The Transparency of Turbulence" Playfreely Festival, 29 November 2019, at 72-13 (Singapore). In a four-star review, NME writer Azzief Khaliq says, "Over the album’s 22 minutes, The Observatory and Keiji Haino create improvised music that showcases what talented musicians can achieve in such a setting. It’s an example of steely-eyed energy and musical alchemy, four musicians pushing each other forward and taking everything that comes out of it in their stride. The results are intoxicating, gripping, and more than a bit exhilarating."
Members
Dharma – Electric Guitar
Dharma been involved in the Singapore underground music scene since the early 1990s as a bassist and sometimes guitarist with Manic Mushroom, a guitarist with the band Heritage from 1995–1998, frontman of the local funk band, Throb, and member of Meddle, Chöd, and Tenggara Trio.
Yuen Chee Wai – Guitar, Synth, Electronics
Yuen Chee Wai has been active in the local and international experimental and improv circuit for the past two decades. He is also a part of the Far East Network (FEN) – a quartet comprising Otomo Yoshihide (Japan), Yan Jun (China) and Ryu Hankil (South Korea) since 2008. In 2015, he was appointed as Director of the Asian Music Network in Japan, which organises the annual Asian Meeting Festival, of which he is co-curator.
Cheryl Ong – Drums, Percussion, Electronics
Cheryl Ong is a Singaporean percussionist who is active in music performance and education. In addition to performing with The Observatory, she has also played with SA, a trio that fuses traditional Chinese instruments and electronics.
Past members
Leslie Low – Lead Vocals, Electric + Acoustic Guitars, Programming, Bass, Harmonica, Percussion
Former frontman of veteran local band Humpback Oak, Low was the singer, guitarist and occasional bassist in the band. He is a music composer and sound designer by profession. Low graduated from the School of Film and Media Studies at Ngee Ann Polytechnic with a Diploma in Film, Sound and Video. He has also been involved in several side projects. As PAN GU, Low's collaboration with Lasse Marhaug (electronics), Primeval Man Born of the Cosmic Egg, made it to SPIN's Top 20 Avant albums of 2013. He left The Observatory after the band released their eighth album, August is the cruellest, in 2016. He has since released multiple, mostly solo albums digitally through Bandcamp.
Vivian Wang – Vocals, Piano, keyboards, Melodica, Percussion
A classically trained pianist, Vivian Wang sang, played keyboards and generated sonic effects on laptops and synthesizer in The Observatory. Wang is a former TV presenter of the arts programme "Artitude" on local channel TV12 and also a host of Cathay Pacific's inflight series "World of Travel". A music supervisor and film producer by profession, Wang graduated with an Honours in Music. Wang is active in ARCN TEMPL, a duo with Low. Their debut Emanations of a New World (May 2010) and a web-only commemorative release Glass Blood (May 2014), were both released by American label Utech Records. Wang left the band after the release of August is the cruellest and has since worked on projects including Jenny Hval's The Practice of Love album.
Bani Haykal – Drums, Percussion, Clarinet
Born in 1985, Bani Haykal is a multidisciplinary artist whose work spans the fields of visual and literary performances, using music and sound as primary mediums. A critically reflective artist and thinker, Bani's work examines the perceptions, relevance and culture of sound and music. In 2013, Bani was awarded the Young Artist Award by Singapore's National Arts Council. Bani joined the band after the release of Catacombs and left before Oscilla, but contributed to Continuum.
Victor Low – Electric Guitar, Classical Guitar, Bass Guitar, Glockenspiel, Percussion
Victor Low is a music composer by profession, Low is an Economics graduate of Boston University. He is the former bassist of veteran local Singapore band Concave Scream. A classical guitar specialist, Low also performed on drums after Ray Aziz left the band. Low left the band after the release of Catacombs. In 2015, he recorded an instrumental album Songs of the Well inspired by his daughter's piano lessons. In 2019, Victor and former bandmate Leslie Low released The Monsoon.
Evan Tan – Programming, Keyboards, Melodica, Percussion
One-time archivist specialising in audio-visual restoration at the National Archives of Singapore. Tan toured overseas with former band The Padres during their album promotion organised by Rock Records. An active performer/programmer in the digital music scene, he released a solo album Coast to Coast previously. Tan left the band after the release of Dark Folke.
Ray Aziz – Drums, Percussion
Veteran drummer in Singapore, his former bands include Swirling Madness, Opposition Party, Sugarflies and Popland. He was concurrently also playing with Throb and The Blues Machine. Joining The Observatory during the A Far Cry From Here recording sessions, Ray contributed jazz/avant rock-styled drumming. He did not appear on Dark Folke and has since left the band. However, in 2011 he played drums for the band in a special performance commissioned by the Singapore Arts Festival to play a concert pull of reworkings of the Beatles' White Album.
Adam Shah – drums, percussion
Formerly the youngest member of the group. A sessionist since 15, Adam is musically adept at guitar and bass as well. He joined in January 2005 at 17 years of age, after successfully auditioning for the position, bringing with him a style that reflects his eclectic influences such as Bloc Party, Radiohead, Broken Social Scene, Lamb of God, Mastodon, John Coltrane, John Butler, The Mars Volta and Pat Metheny, to name a few. Adam left the band after the release of Blank Walls and before A Far Cry From Here.
References
External links
The Observatory website
The Observatory blog
The Observatory on Vimeo
POSKOD.SG Interview with frontman Leslie Low
Leslie Low website
NYLON SINGAPORE Video Interview with The Observatory
Razor TV Video Interview with The Observatory
Note: Some material for this article adapted from The Observatory Press pack(zip file)'', accessed 3 March 2006
Singaporean indie rock groups
Singaporean rock music groups
Electronic music groups
Musical groups established in 2001
Musical quintets | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Observatory%20%28band%29 |
"Who Wants to Live Forever" is a song by the British rock band Queen. A power ballad, it is the sixth track on the album A Kind of Magic, which was released in June 1986, and was written by lead guitarist Brian May for the soundtrack to the film Highlander. Queen was backed up by an orchestra, with orchestrations by film score composer Michael Kamen. The song peaked at No. 24 in the UK charts. In 1991, it was included in the band's second compilation album Greatest Hits II.
Since its release, the song has been covered by many artists. Five months after Mercury's death in November 1991, Seal performed a live version of the song at The Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert in 1992. In 2014, Rolling Stone readers voted it their fifth favourite song by Queen, and in 2018 it was listed at number 15 in "The top 20 Queen songs of all time" by Smooth Radio.
Recording
In the 1986 film Highlander, the song is used to frame the scenes in the film where Connor MacLeod must endure his beloved wife Heather MacLeod growing old and dying while he, as an Immortal, remains forever young. Brian May wrote the song in the backseat of his car after seeing a 20-minute first cut of the scene of Heather's death. It was later used in the Highlander television series episodes "The Gathering", "Revenge is Sweet", "The Hunters", "Line of Fire", and "Leader of the Pack".
In the film version, Freddie Mercury provides all the main vocals. On the album version, May sings lead vocals on the first verse before Mercury takes over, with May also singing "But touch my tears with your lips" during Mercury's verse and the closing line "Who waits forever anyway?". An instrumental version of the song, entitled "Forever", was included as a bonus track on the CD version of the album. This instrumental featured only a piano, with keyboard accompaniment during the chorus sections. The piano track was recorded solely by May. Queen were backed up by an orchestra arranged by Michael Kamen.
Music video
The video was directed by David Mallet and filmed in a (now demolished) warehouse at Tobacco Wharf at London's East End on 16 September 1986. It featured the National Philharmonic Orchestra with forty choirboys and several hundreds of candles which remain lit throughout filming as well as Mercury wearing a tuxedo suit. It is also the last time Freddie was depicted with a moustache as the next music video he was in his solo work The Great Pretender he shaved off his moustache and never grew it back. The video also features bass guitarist John Deacon playing a white double bass, despite not performing on the original recording, and Roger using an array of percussion while Brian played keyboards then his usual Red Special guitar with the orchestra and at the end.
An alternate version with clips from the film Highlander (which the song appears in) appears on the video single with "A Kind of Magic" in October 1986 and later as a hidden music video on the Queen Greatest Video Hits II DVD in November 2003.
Live performances
The song was performed by Queen during the 1986 Magic Tour. Live, May would begin playing synthesizer (a Yamaha DX7) before moving to guitar halfway through the song. Also, the live versions feature Freddie Mercury singing the entirety of lead vocals, and John Deacon playing bass guitar (starting at the second verse)—with the song ending after the final lyric (“Who waits forever anyway?”) without the orchestra-and-guitar flourish of the studio version.
Track listing
7-inch single
A Side. "Who Wants To Live Forever" (Single Version) - 4:01
B Side. "Killer Queen" - 2:59
12-inch single
A1. "Who Wants To Live Forever" (Single Version) - 4:01
A2. "Killer Queen" - 2:59
B1. "Who Wants To Live Forever" (Album Version) - 5:15
B2. "Forever" - 3:20
Personnel
Queen
Freddie Mercury – lead and backing vocals
Brian May – lead and backing vocals, synthesiser, electric guitar, orchestral arrangements
Roger Taylor – drums, drum machine, backing vocals
Additional musicians
Michael Kamen – orchestral arrangements, conductor
National Philharmonic Orchestra – strings, brass and percussion
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Sales and certifications
Legacy
Tributes
Seal performed a live version of this song at The Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert held at Wembley Stadium in April 1992 five months after Mercury's death. He said the song made him cry when he first heard it. Thomas Curtis-Horsfall of Smooth Radio stated Seal's performance of the song was "one of the standout moments" from the concert, adding "his spine-tingling rendition of the Queen classic had everyone in the arena close to tears."
The song serves as the opening track for Diana, Princess of Wales: Tribute, a double CD released on 2 December 1997 in memory of Princess Diana three months after her death.
Closing the Isle of Wight Festival in England on 12 June 2016, Queen + Adam Lambert performed the song as a tribute to the victims of the mass shooting at a gay nightclub in Orlando, Florida earlier that day.
The song serves as the closing track of Episode 3 of Russell T Davies' AIDS drama It's a Sin (set in 1986).
The animated television series Rick and Morty uses the song during the post-credits scene for the Season 5 episode "Mortyplicity".
Funeral music
In a 2005 poll conducted by digital television station Music Choice on what song Britons would most like played at their funeral, the song was voted the fifth most popular.
Dune version
German band Dune released their cover of "Who Wants to Live Forever", from their album, Forever, as a single in October 1996. It is sung by German singer Verena von Strenge and sold more than 500,000 copies in Germany alone, after reaching number 2 there. The single also peaked at number 3 in Austria, number 8 in Hungary, number 9 in Switzerland, number 12 in the Netherlands and number 59 in Sweden. On the Eurochart Hot 100, it reached number 13 in January 1997. "Who Wants to Live Forever" was nominated to the 1997 Echo Awards for the most successful national dance single.
Music video
The music video for "Who Wants to Live Forever" was directed by Matt Broadley. It was shot in the Scottish Highlands. The video begins on an old churchyard, where Oliver Froning plays a man who stands by a grave. He sees von Strenge appearing in ghost-like form, dressed in a white dress, singing to him. When Froning leaves the churchyard, he walks into the highlands. By a river, he stops for drinking some water, and again sees von Strenge standing in front of a waterfall, singing to him. In the end, he reaches the top of the mountains, where he is united with von Strenge.
Track listing
Who Wants to Live Forever (Sixtysix Radio Mix) (3:54)
Who Wants to Live Forever (South Bound Mix) (3:58)
Highland Trilogy: One Day in Glencoe (4:49)
Highland Trilogy: Valley of Tears (4:58)
Highland Trilogy: In the Air, Part 2 (10:29)
Remixes
Released: 4 December 1996
Who Wants to Live Forever (Komakino Remix) (5:32)
Who Wants to Live Forever (Future Breeze Remix) (7:03)
In the Air, Part 1 (5:13)
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Sarah Brightman version
Soprano Sarah Brightman released her cover of "Who Wants to Live Forever", from her album Timeless/Time to Say Goodbye, as a single in 1997 (See 1997 in music). The single peaked at No. 45 in the UK singles chart.
Track listing
CD single
"Who Wants to Live Forever" (Album version)
"Who Wants to Live Forever" (Xenomania club mix)
Maxi CD single
"Who Wants to Live Forever"
"A Question of Honour"
"Heaven Is Here"
"I Loved You"
12" vinyl
"Who Wants to Live Forever (Trouser Enthusiasts 'Cybernetic Odalisque' Mix)"
"Who Wants to Live Forever (Xenomania Club Mix)"
"Who Wants to Live Forever (Xenomania Dub Mix)"
"Who Wants to Live Forever (X-Citing Mix)
References
§
External links
A Kind of Magic [2008].
with Seal [2009].
Queen (band) songs
1980s ballads
1986 singles
1986 songs
1997 singles
Dune (band) songs
EMI Records singles
East West Records singles
Hollywood Records singles
Music videos directed by David Mallet (director)
Music videos directed by Matt Broadley
Rock ballads
Sarah Brightman songs
Song recordings produced by Reinhold Mack
Songs about death
Songs from Highlander (franchise)
Songs written by Brian May
Virgin Records singles | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who%20Wants%20to%20Live%20Forever |
This is a list of newspapers in Guyana.
Newspapers
Defunct newspapers
Courant van Essequebo en Demerary - 1793, published in Stabroek, Essequibo. The oldest newspaper in the country.
The Essequebo en Demerary Gazette - 1796. the first English language newspaper.
Demerara Daily - fin. 1884. Published by C.K. Jardine.
Berbice Gazette - Published in New Amsterdam by G.A. M'Kidd.
Royal Gazette - Early 19th cen.
The Colonist - 1884. Published by L. McDermott.
The Argosy - 1880, printed a daily, weekly, and sports paper.
Guyana Graphic - 1944-1975.
The Echo - A weekly paper.
The People - Published in Berbice.
Freeman’s Sentinel - Focused on Afro-Guyanese content.
New Nation - Official publications of the People's National Congress.
Mirror - Official publications of the PPP.
A Liberdade - Portuguese language
Indian Opinion - Focused on Indo-Guyanese content.
The Workingman - Working-class content.
The Liberator - Working-class content.
Guyana Star - published by H.T. Harper
Magazines
The Arts Journal - Literary journal.
Commercial Review
Guiana Diocesan Magazine
Guiana Times (Also known as Times of Guiana) - 1947, published by Percy Armstrong. Anti-communist (PPP) content.
Catholic Standard Magazine
Guyana Journal of Public Administration
Kaie - Literary journal, 1965-1985
Kyk-Over-Al - Literary journal, Published by British Guiana Writers’ Association.
New World Fortnightly - 1964
Farm Journal - Formerly The Agricultural Journal of British Guiana
Timehri - 1882, published by the Royal Agricultural and Commercial Society.
British Guiana Medical Annual
Police Magazine - Guyana Police Force
The Scarlet Beret - Guyana Defence Force
Chronicle Christmas Annual
Queen’s College Annual - Established in 1936.
Bishops’ High School Journal
St. Stanislaus Magazine
Guyana Historical Journal - Sporadically issued by the University of Guyana
Guyana Law Journal - Sporadically issued by the University of Guyana
Guyana Journal of Sociology and Transition - Sporadically issued by the University of Guyana
Bar Association Review
The Guyana Association of Professional Engineers Magazine
Commercial Review
Industrial Review
Guyana Business
The Public Servant
Guiana Diocesan Magazine and Gazette
Aarya Marga - Hindu
Sandeep - Hindu
The Islamic Muslim Journal
Al Muallim
African Emancipation
Indian Horizons
Ajedrez - Sport magazine
Bourda Beat - Sport magazine
Sports Beat - Sport magazine
Caribbean Entertainer
Guyana Entertainment Magazine (GEM) - 2002
The Creole - 1803-1966 Published by William S. Stevenson. Political weekly journal.
Thunder - PPP journal, 1950
See also
List of newspapers
Telecommunications in Guyana
References
Guyana
Newspapers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20newspapers%20in%20Guyana |
Korla Pandit (September 16, 1921 – October 2, 1998), born John Roland Redd, was an American musician, composer, pianist, and organist. After moving to California in the late 1940s and getting involved in show business, Redd became known as "Korla Pandit", a French-Indian musician from New Delhi, India. However, Redd was actually a light-skinned African-American man from Missouri who passed as Indian. A pathbreaking musical performer in the early days of television, Redd is known for Korla Pandit's Adventures In Music; the show was the first all-music program on television. He also performed live and on radio and made various film appearances, becoming known as the "Godfather of Exotica". Redd maintained the Korla Pandit persona—both in public and in private—until the end of his life.
Early life, marriage, and family
In 1921, John Roland Redd was born in St. Louis, Missouri. His father, Ernest Redd, was an African-American Baptist pastor. Redd's mother, Doshia O'Nina Johnson, had Anglo and African ancestry. Both parents were descended from African-American enslaved persons. Redd was one of seven children and had light skin and straight hair.
In 1922, Redd's family moved to Hannibal, Missouri, where they lived for nine years. In 1931, they moved to Columbia, where Redd's father was pastor of the second-largest Baptist church in town. Given the Jim Crow restrictions in the state, Redd and his siblings attended racially segregated public schools for African-American children.
The Redd family later recalled John Redd as a musical prodigy from the age of three; he could hear a song once and have it memorized, and family members taught him to play piano from an early age. A contemporary of Redd's, jazz pianist Charles Thompson, knew Redd from Columbia, where they attended high school together. Later in life, Thompson remembered that as a teenager, Redd was the better piano player of the two. The whole Redd family was musically talented; Redd's two sisters sang, and one played piano. His older brother, Ernest Redd Jr. (known as "Speck" for his freckles) (1913–1974), also became a jazz pianist and later a band leader in Des Moines, Iowa. John and Ernest Redd played in groups with their older brother Harry, who was also a musician.
In the early 1940s, Redd met his sister Frances's white friend and roommate, Beryl June DeBeeson, a Disney artist and former dancer. They fell in love and in 1944 they married in Tijuana, Mexico, as interracial marriages (for any person deemed non-white, be they Native American, East Indian, Chinese, or Black) were then illegal in California. Redd and his wife had two sons.
Career as musician and entertainer
Hollywood and the creation of Korla Pandit
By the 1940s, Redd had moved from the Midwest to Los Angeles for more opportunity. His older sisters, Ruth and Frances, had already moved there by 1939. Redd used the name "Juan Rolando" to gain a job playing the organ on the Los Angeles radio station KMPC. Passing as a Mexican allowed him to join the Musicians Union (which was not open to African-Americans) and opened up additional opportunities for studio and club work.
Redd and his wife, Beryl, created a new entertainment persona for Redd's use. They thought Redd could have exotic appeal by passing as an Indian because most Americans did not know much about people from India. Beryl designed the makeup and clothing Redd used, and Redd took the name "Korla Pandit". He developed an elaborate history and continued to add to it during his career. He stated that he had been born in New Delhi, India, to a French opera singer and an Indian Brahmin government official. Supposedly raised in an upper-class Indian household, Redd claimed to have studied music in England as a child, arrived in the United States at age 12, and studied at the University of Chicago. Redd used the Korla Pandit persona—in public and in private—for the rest of his life.
In 1948, Redd created and played background music as Korla Pandit for the revival of radio's occult adventure series, Chandu the Magician, achieving atmospheric effects on the Novachord and the Hammond CV (ancestor of C3) electronic organ. In 1949, he became a regular organist on Hollywood Holiday, a show that was broadcast from a Los Angeles restaurant.
Television success
In 1948, while performing as Korla Pandit in Hollywood at a furrier's fashion show, Redd and his wife Beryl met television pioneer Klaus Landsberg. He offered Redd a television show with the stipulation that the musician would also provide accompaniment for Time for Beany, Bob Clampett's popular puppet show. Korla Pandit's Adventures In Music was first telecast on Los Angeles station KTLA in February 1949; it was the first all-music program on television. Viewers soon became familiar with the musical opening, "The Magnetic Theme." Landsberg insisted that Redd refrain from speaking and gaze into the camera as he played the Hammond organ and Steinway grand piano, often simultaneously. "Not once in 900 performances did he speak on camera, preferring instead to communicate with viewers via that hypnotic gaze."
Redd, as Korla Pandit, became an overnight star and one of early television's pioneering musical artists. He widened the array of music associated with the organ and popularized its use. While never dropping his Indian persona, Redd acquired notable friends such as actor Errol Flynn, comedian Bob Hope, and Sabu Dastagir, known for his roles in the documentary Elephant Boy (1937) and the feature Thief of Baghdad (1940).
In 1956, Redd moved to San Francisco and performed as Korla Pandit on San Francisco's KGO-TV. He began speaking on his show, espousing a blend of spiritual ideas that entranced many of his fans. He became friends with Paramahansa Yogananda, Indian spiritual leader of the Self Realization Fellowship. Their relationship was close enough that Yogananda wrote an introduction to the liner notes for one of Redd's records, and Redd played at Yogananda's funeral. The late 1950s was the time of the Beat generation, which saw many Americans embrace spirituality and Eastern religions, while rejecting traditional values including the need to conform to society's norms and economic materialism. Redd read widely and incorporated a variety of these topics in his talks, including mysticism and Zen philosophy. In 1967, Redd and his family moved to Vancouver, British Columbia, to prevent his sons from being drafted during the Vietnam War.
Later career
After moving to Canada, Redd returned regularly to the San Francisco and Los Angeles areas for work. In the 1970s, as his television popularity waned, he supplemented his income with a variety of increased personal appearances and performances. Continuing to use the Korla Pandit persona, Redd performed at supper clubs, supermarket openings, car agencies, music and department stores, pizza restaurants, lectures, music seminars, private lessons, and the theater organ circuit. He made a cameo appearance as Korla Pandit in Tim Burton's biopic Ed Wood (1994), which drew renewed attention to him as a performer. He performed as a musician in the film.
Redd's career was revived in the 1990s, and he attracted a new generation, taking them under his wing. "The Tiki-lounge music revival gave Korla one last career resurgence and cult following. He recorded with The Muffs...." Redd also performed a sold-out show at the legendary Bimbo's 365 Club in San Francisco.
Death and revelations
Redd died in Petaluma, California on October 2, 1998. He was survived by his wife, Beryl, and their sons, Shari and Koram. (Koram would later rename himself John Pandit.)
Two years after Redd's death, R.J. Smith, magazine editor of Los Angeles, published an article revealing Redd's true ancestry.
During his life, Redd kept in touch with his family of origin, but he wore his turban and did not bring his sons when visiting with them. According to Redd's nephew, Ernest Redd, "Among the family we knew what he was doing and very little was said about it. There was times when he would come by, and it was kind of like a sneak visit. He might come at night sometime and be gone before we got up. He had to separate himself from the family to a certain extent. They would go to see him play, but they wouldn’t speak to him. They would go to his show and then they would leave, and the family would greet him at a later time".. Having met members of Redd's extended family of origin, Stanford historian Allyson Hobbs wrote that his family "felt he was very authentic and were very close to him". Redd's sons heard rumors about their father's African-American background, but they rejected this information, insisting their father was the son of a New Delhi brahmin. Shari died of cancer in December 2000, prior to the publication of Smith's exposé.
Intrigued by the Smith article, John Turner and Eric Christensen, retired TV producers who had each known Redd in his later years, made a documentary entitled Korla (2014). They wrote and produced the film together and Turner directed it. The duo interviewed an array of friends, fellow musicians, and family, discussing Redd's life and achievements and exploring the complexities of racial identity. After Korla was widely released, various media outlets commented on Redd's history, casting it as a classic American story of self-invention.
Filmography
On screen
Acting
Something to Live For (1952) – Hindu Man (uncredited)
Which Way Is Up? (1977) – The Hindu
Ed Wood (1994) – Indian musician
As himself
Adventures in Music (television series) (1948)
All Star Revue (television series) (1952)
KTLA at 40: A Celebration of Los Angeles Television (television movie) (1986)
Korla (documentary) (2015)
As musical performer
Ed Wood (1994) (performer, writer and arranger of "Nautch Dance")
As composer
Adventures in Music (television series) (1948)
Time for Beany (television series) (1951) (episode #1.421)
Notes
References
External links
Korla Pandit official site, managed by Verne Langdon
1921 births
1998 deaths
American organists
American male organists
Exotica
Musicians from St. Louis
Musicians from Los Angeles
Theatre organists
20th-century American musicians
African-American people
American people of French descent
Musicians from Columbia, Missouri
African Americans in Columbia, Missouri
20th-century organists
20th-century American male musicians
American expatriates in Canada
Indian-American history
Indian-American culture in Missouri
Indian-American culture in Los Angeles | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korla%20Pandit |
In medicine, salpingo-oophorectomy is the removal of an ovary and its Fallopian tube. This procedure is most frequently associated with prophylactic surgery in response to the discovery of a BRCA mutation, particularly those of the normally tumor suppressing BRCA1 gene (or, with a statistically lower negative impact, those of the tumour suppressing BRCA2 gene), which can increase the risk of a woman developing ovarian cancer to as high as 65% (as high as 25% for a mutated BRCA2 gene).
See also
List of surgeries by type
Oophorectomy
References
Gynecological surgery
Surgical removal procedures | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salpingo-oophorectomy |
Zion Lodge is located in Zion National Park, Utah, United States. The lodge was designed in 1924 as a compromise solution between its developer, the Utah Parks Company, which wanted a large hotel, and National Park Service director Stephen Mather, who desired smaller-scale development. The Utah Parks Company had been formed in 1923 as a subsidiary of the Union Pacific Railroad, and was, like many similar programs, intended to stimulate passenger rail traffic to the national parks of southwest Utah.
Gilbert Stanley Underwood designed the Zion Lodge as part of a series of similar structures for the Utah Parks Company at the north rim of the Grand Canyon and at Bryce Canyon National Park. Underwood's design was more modest in scale and detailing than those at the Grand Canyon and Bryce, substituting milled lumber for whole logs in a "studs-out" style. Underwood used less stonework, in smaller pieces. The structures were designed to be more in keeping with the character of the valley floor, which at the time of construction was still inhabited by settlers. Underwood would go on to design all of the Utah Parks Company buildings in the valley, many of which are included in the Zion Lodge Historic District, which surrounds the lodge.
A fire in 1966 destroyed the original lodge. It was rebuilt within 100 days, but the original rustic look was lost in favor of expedience in reopening the lodge. A 1990 remodel restored its original look.
In addition to the main lodge building there are a number of original buildings that remain in the lodge complex. This includes guest cabins built in 1927 and 1929, employee dormitories built in 1927 and 1937, and a few support buildings. All were designed by Underwood.
On April 12, 1995, a landslide blocked the Virgin River downstream from the lodge. Over a period of two hours, the river had carved away 590 feet (180 m) of the only exit road from the canyon, trapping 450 guests and employees in the lodge. A one-lane temporary road was constructed within 24 hours to allow evacuation. Access to the lodge was restored on May 25, 1995.
Zion Lodge is a member of Historic Hotels of America, the official program of the National Trust for Historic Preservation.
See also
List of Historic Hotels of America
References
External links
Zion Lodge - official site
Zion Lodge Virtual Tour Virtual photo tour, history, photos, and more.
Hotel buildings completed in 1966
Gilbert Stanley Underwood buildings
Hotels established in 1924
Hotel buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Utah
National Register of Historic Places in Zion National Park
National Register of Historic Places in Washington County, Utah
Railway hotels in the United States
National Park Service Rustic architecture
Rustic architecture in Utah
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Utah
1924 establishments in Utah
Individually listed contributing properties to historic districts on the National Register in Utah
Historic Hotels of America | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zion%20Lodge |
County Route 543 (CR 543) is a county highway in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The highway extends from Federal Street (CR 537) in Camden to Wrightstown-Georgetown Road (CR 545) in Mansfield Township.
Route description
CR 543 begins at an intersection with CR 537 in Camden, Camden County, heading northeast on two-lane undivided River Road through urban industrial areas. The road crosses a set of railroad tracks used by NJ Transit's River Line and Conrail Shared Assets Operations. The route crosses CR 601 and heads into urban residential areas with a few businesses, where it encounters CR 609. Upon crossing CR 611, CR 543 enters Pennsauken Township and turns east through industry, passing over the River Line near the 36th Street Station. From here, the road turns northeast again and passes through suburban areas of homes, intersecting CR 612 Spur and CR 612. After the CR 616 junction, the route heads into industrial areas and intersects CR 760 before passing under NJ Transit's Atlantic City Line. CR 543 crosses CR 614 and passes homes as it crosses under the Betsy Ross Bridge, which carries Route 90, and comes to the CR 615 junction. After crossing a railroad line, the route runs past more industrial establishments, passing the entrance to the Pennsauken – Route 73 River Line station.
Upon crossing the Pennsauken Creek, CR 543 enters Palmyra in Burlington County and immediately comes to an interchange with Route 73. The route intersects CR 601 and turns northwest onto Public Road, passing residential and industrial areas. CR 543 crosses the River Line and immediately turns northeast onto Broad Street. Broad Street continues southwest from here towards Route 73 and is signed as a portion of CR 543. The mainline of CR 543 passes homes, running immediately north of the railroad tracks. The road enters the commercial downtown of Palmyra and crosses CR 607 near the Palmyra Station of the River Line before reaching the CR 602 junction. The route gains a center left-turn lane and enters residential areas again and crosses into Riverton at the Elm Avenue intersection, coming to the CR 603 junction near the Riverton Station. After crossing the Pomeston Creek, CR 543 enters Cinnaminson Township and becomes Saint Mihiel Drive, running through residential and industrial areas, passing the Cinnaminson Station. The road passes more industry as a four-lane undivided road, continuing into Delran Township, where it passes a marina to the north. The route passes some homes and businesses before entering Riverside Township at the CR 604 intersection. In Riverside Township, the route passes more commercial developments, becoming Lafayette Avenue at the Fairview Street intersection, which narrows to two lanes. CR 543 turns north onto Pavilion Avenue near the Riverside Station and passes through residential and commercial areas.
The route crosses the Rancocas Creek on the Riverside–Delanco Bridge, a truss bridge with a swing span, and continues into Delanco Township, where it is known as Burlington Avenue. CR 543 passes homes and turns to the northeast again, continuing through a mix of homes and businesses. The route intersects CR 624 and passes more development, crossing a railroad line. The road heads into Beverly and becomes Warren Street, passing through residential areas before coming to the commercial downtown and intersecting CR 626 and CR 630. Here, CR 543 turns east and passes more residences before leaving Beverly for Edgewater Park Township. The road runs through more wooded areas of homes prior to crossing under the River Line. Upon entering, Burlington Township, the route becomes Beverly Road and passes residential and commercial development before intersecting US 130.
The route forms a concurrency with US 130 on a six-lane divided highway and heads northeast into Burlington. A bypass takes US 130 and CR 543 around the downtown area of Burlington. The road comes to an intersection with the eastern terminus of Route 413, which provides access to the Burlington–Bristol Bridge. Past this intersection, US 130/CR 543 turns east, with the median widening to include businesses. Along this portion of road, there is an intersection with the northern terminus of CR 541. The road narrows to four lanes as it crosses Assicunk Creek, where the median also narrows. The road turns northeast into a residential area, and CR 543 splits from US 130 by heading to the east on two-lane undivided Columbus Road.
The route heads through residential neighborhoods and crosses back into Burlington Township. The road continues into Florence Township and enters a mix of farms, woods, and development, intersecting CR 660 and CR 693. CR 543 crosses over I-295 and enters Mansfield Township, where the route turns southeast at a junction with CR 656, a road that interchanges with I-295 a short distance to the northwest. CR 543 soon passes over the New Jersey Turnpike before crossing CR 628 and passing some housing developments and farm fields. The road comes to a partial interchange with US 206 and soon intersects CR 690 in the residential community of Columbus, which it passes through as Main Street. After Columbus, the road becomes Mount Pleasant Road and enters agricultural areas with some homes. CR 543 turns north onto Gaunt's Bridge Road and enters wooded areas with homes, turning northeast onto School House Road. The route crosses Route 68 before coming to its terminus at CR 545 a short distance later.
History
The road from Burlington to Beverly was once maintained by the Burlington and Beverly Turnpike, chartered in 1858.
Major intersections
See also
References
External links
New Jersey 5xx Routes (Dan Moraseski)
543
543
543 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/County%20Route%20543%20%28New%20Jersey%29 |
Żmudź may refer to:
Polish name for Samogitia, a region of Lithuania
Żmudź, Lublin Voivodeship, a village in east Poland | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BBmud%C5%BA |
El Qantara () is a northeastern Egyptian city on both sides of the Suez Canal, in the Egyptian governorate of Ismailia, northeast of Cairo and south of Port Said. The two parts of the city are connected by a high-level fixed road bridge, the Mubarak Peace Bridge. The bridge makes a connection between the division of Africa, and Asia, making El Qantara a Border town.
History
El Qantara was built next to a site of an ancient city Sele (, , Tcharou).
During World War I, Kantara, as it was referred to by the Allied troops, was the site of Headquarters No. 3 Section, Canal Defences and Headquarters Eastern Force during the latter stages of the Defence of the Suez Canal Campaign and the Sinai Campaign of 1916. The massive distribution warehouse and hospital centre supported and supplied all British, Australian and New Zealand operations in the Sinai from 1916 until final demobilization in 1919.
Beginning in January 1916, a new railway was constructed from Kantara to Romani, and eastward through the Sinai to El Arish and Rafa on the border with the Ottoman Empire. A water pipeline was constructed along the same route by the Royal Engineers under the command of Brigadier General Everard Blair.
The Commonwealth War Graves Commission Cemetery and Memorial is located outside of town. It was begun in February, 1916 and remained in use until late 1920. After the war, it was doubled in size to accommodate the remains of soldiers from makeshift cemeteries and desert battlefields, notably in Qatia, Rumani, Magdhaba, El Arish and Rafa. Formally designed in 1919 by Sir Robert Lorimer, the cemetery contains 1,562 Commonwealth burials from World War I and 110 from World War II. There are also 341 war graves of other nationalities. The Kantara Memorial bears the names of 16 New Zealand World War I servicemen presumed killed in action at Rafa and Rumani. In 1961, panels bearing the names of 283 World War I Indian servicemen, interred in the now inaccessible Kantara Indian Cemetery, were affixed to the wall behind the Stone of Remembrance, forming the Kantara Indian Cemetery Memorial.
The town's importance as a hospital centre was renewed during World War II when General Hospital No. 1 was located there from July 1941 to December 1945, and General Hospitals Nos. 41 and 92 at different periods. No. 8 Polish General Hospital was constructed adjoining the war cemetery.
During the 1967 Six Day War, Israel captured the town. Egypt recaptured it at the start of the 1973 Yom Kippur War during The Crossing, and held it until the ceasefire was negotiated. Egypt regained formal control over the town in 1974.
See also
List of cities and towns in Egypt
References
Populated places in Ismailia Governorate
Suez Canal
Transcontinental cities | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El%20Qantara%2C%20Egypt |
This is a list of newspapers in Paraguay.
Current newspapers
ABC Color (Asunción)
El Debate (Asunción)
Democráticamente (Ciudad del Este)
DiarioCDE (Ciudad del Este)
ExtraPRESS (Asunción)
La Hoja Digital (Pedro Juan Caballero)
Itacom (Encarnación)
Itapúa Hoy (Encarnación)
La Nación (Asunción)
Paraguay-Rundschau (Piribebuy) - in German
Popular (Asunción)
Tiempos del Mundo (Asunción)
Última Hora (Asunción)
Vanguardia (Ciudad del Este)
Wochenblatt (Asunción) - in German
Defunct Newspaper
See also
List of newspapers
Paraguay
Newspapers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20newspapers%20in%20Paraguay |
The Harris Poll is an American market research and analytics company that has been tracking the sentiment, behaviors and motivations of American adults since 1963. In addition to the traditional consulting offered, Harris has developed software data platforms that allow brands to track health and campaign success. The firm works with clients in three primary areas: brand strategy and tracking, corporate reputation, and research for public release.
The Harris Poll was started by Louis Harris, an opinion pollster who founded his own firm, Louis Harris & Associates, in 1956. The business was later rebranded Harris Interactive. It was acquired from Nielsen in 2017 by the Stagwell Group, which hired co-chief executive officers John Gerzema and Will Johnson, who relaunched the firm as The Harris Poll. Stagwell founder and managing director Mark Penn serves as chairman and CEO of MDC Partners. The Harris Poll is headquartered in Chicago and New York City, with additional offices in Washington, D.C., and Rochester, New York.
The Harris Poll runs the longest-standing and largest data set on public opinion research on the coronavirus pandemic in the United States through its COVID-19 Tracker, a biweekly online survey of a nationally representative sample of American adults.
History
Louis Harris did polling for candidate John F. Kennedy in 1960, as head of Louis Harris & Associates, the company he had launched in 1956. Harris then began The Harris Poll in 1963, which is one of the longest-running surveys measuring U.S. public opinion, with a history of advising leaders with their poll results during times of change such as John F. Kennedy and Ronald Reagan.
Louis Harris & Associates was bought by Gannett, and then acquired by Gordon S. Black Corporation in 1996, which in 1997 became Harris Black International Ltd., which became a public company in 1999 called Harris Interactive. In the 21st century, it was owned by Nielsen beginning in 2014; then in 2017, Stagwell Group acquired The Harris Poll and the polling company, taking it private. The polling company was relaunched by the Stagwell Group as Harris Insights & Analytics. The Harris Poll has continued through the changes in corporate ownership, its name unchanged.
Louis Harris formed the market research firm of Louis Harris & Associates in 1956. In 1960, Louis Harris & Associates became the first presidential pollster, working for the campaign of John F. Kennedy, who was elected U.S. president that year. The Harris Poll was begun by Louis Harris in 1963 to have a continuing measure of public opinion. In 1970, Harris acquired Humphrey Taylor's firm, where Humphrey was the leading strategist and pollster for the conservative party and for Margaret Thatcher in the UK.
In January 1992 at age 70, Lou Harris retired from Louis Harris & Associates, owned by Gannett Corporation at that time, and formed his second company, LH Associates.
His initial company, and The Harris Poll, was then acquired by Gordon S. Black Corporation in 1996, which in 1997 became Harris Black International Ltd., which became a public company in 1999 called Harris Interactive. In the 21st century, it was owned by Nielsen beginning in 2014; then in 2017, Stagwell Group acquired The Harris Poll and the polling company, taking it private.
Mergers, acquisitions, and sale of business
The Gordon S. Black Corporation was founded in 1975 in Rochester, New York as a New York corporation. It formed and became part of the Delaware corporation now known as Harris Interactive in 1997. During these years, the company's acquisitions have included:
February 1996 – all of the stock of Louis Harris % Associates, Inc., headquartered in New York.
February 2001 – the custom research division of Yankelovich Partners, Inc., headquartered in Norwalk, Connecticut.
August 2001 – all of the capital stock of Market Research Solutions Limited, a privately owned UK company headquartered in Oxford, England.
September 2001 – all of the capital stock of M&A Create Limited, a privately owned company headquartered in Tokyo, Japan.
November 2001 – all of the capital stock of Total Research Corporation, a Delaware corporation headquartered in Princeton, New Jersey.
March 2004 – all of the capital stock of Novatris, S.A. ("Novatris"), a share corporation organized and existing under the laws of France.
September 2004 – all of the capital stock of Wirthlin Worldwide, Inc. a privately held California corporation headquartered in Reston, Virginia.
April 2007 – all of the capital stock of MediaTransfer AG Netresearch & Consulting, a privately held German stock corporation headquartered in Hamburg, Germany.
August 2007 – all of the capital stock of Decima Research Inc. ("Decima"), a corporation incorporated in Ontario, Canada.
August 2007 – all of the capital stock of Marketshare Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of Hong Kong, and Marketshare Pte Ltd, a company incorporated under the laws of Singapore.
February 2014 – Harris Interactive joins Nielsen. Nielsen and its wholly owned subsidiary, Prime Acquisition Corp., completed tender offer to buy all outstanding shares of common stock of Harris Interactive, Inc. (NASDAQ:HPOL). Harris Interactive became a wholly owned subsidiary of Nielsen and its shares ceased to be traded on the NASDAQ Stock Market.
June 2014 – ITWP Acquires Harris Interactive UK, Harris Interactive SAS in France, and Harris Interactive AG in Germany from Nielsen.
January 2017 – The Stagwell Group acquires Harris.
Company leadership
Since its acquisition by The Stagwell Group in 2017, The Harris Poll has been led by Chairman Mark Penn and Co-Chief Executive Officers John Gerzema and Will Johnson.
Mark Penn, whose career spans 40 years in market research, advertising, public relations, polling and consulting, is president and managing partner of The Stagwell Group, a private equity firm with investments in digital marketing services. Before founding the Stagwell Group in 2015, Penn was chief strategy officer and executive vice president at Microsoft Corp. For six years, he was White House pollster to President Bill Clinton and was a key adviser in his 1996 re-election. Penn later was chief strategist to Hillary Clinton her U.S. Senate and 2008 presidential campaigns. After graduating from Harvard College in 1976, Penn and his future business partner Doug Schoen started Penn & Schoen – now PSB Insights - and helped elect more than 25 government leaders in Asia, South America and Europe, including Tony Blair and Menachem Begin. Penn was also CEO of Burson Cohn & Wolfe, a public relation company owned by WPP Group, from 2006 to 2012. He is the author of “Microtrends Squared: The New Small Forces Driving Today’s Big Disruptions,” which was published in 2018 and an update to his 2007 book “Microtrends.” Penn has been a columnist for The Wall Street Journal, Time, Politico, The Hill and the Huffington Post. He is a visiting lecturer at Harvard College.
John Gerzema, who began a career in advertising and marketing in 1987, became co-CEO of The Harris Poll in 2017, after almost seven years as chairman and CEO of BAV Consulting, a unit of advertising agency Young & Rubicam, today known as VMLY&R. Previously, he was Chief Insights Officer for Young & Rubicam, which is part of WPP Group. Gerzema is the author of three best-selling books, “The Brand Bubble,” “Spend Shift,” and “The Athena Doctrine,” a 2013 exploration of the rise of feminine values in society, leadership and business, which became a New York Times and Washington Post best-seller. He has given TED Talks and written numerous articles for such publications as the Harvard Business Review and was named ‘Top Management Articles of the Decade’ by Strategy & Business. He keynoted the Milken Global Conference with global research amid the global pandemic in 2020.
Will Johnson was named co-CEO of The Harris Poll in 2017, after a decade as an executive in advertising, marketing and consumer research. Immediately prior to joining The Harris Poll, he was president of BAV Consulting, a Young & Rubicam company, today known as VMLY&R, and chief strategist of BrandAsset Valuator, an analytic survey of brands and consumer behavior. Before that, from 2008 to 2015, Johnson was a senior vice president and director at Young & Rubicam. He presented at the World Economic Forum in 2016 a report on “Best Countries,” a rating of 80 nations in a partnership with U.S. News & World Report and the University of Pennsylvania's Wharton School. Johnson has written for and been quoted in numerous articles for The Washington Post, Harvard Business Review, Fortune, Ad Age, Sports Illustrated, Yahoo Finance, Chicago Tribune, and Crain's Chicago Business, among other publications.
Chief executive officers
Gordon S. Black || 1975 – January 2004
Robert E. Knapp || January 2004 – May 2005
Gregory T. Novak || May 2005 – October 2008
Kimberly Till || October 2008 – June 2011
Albert A. Angrisani || June 2011 – February 2014
Will Johnson & John Gerzema || February 2014 – Present
Operations
The Harris Poll works in a wide range of industries, across countries and territories in North America, Europe, and Asia. The firm primarily focuses on leveraging market research methodologies and proprietary models to assist corporations with go-to-market strategies, brand equity management, corporate reputation, and thought leadership.
The company has been a member of several research organizations, including the US National Council of Public Polls, the British Polling Council, the Council of American Survey Research Organizations, the US Council for Marketing and Opinion Research, and the UK Market Research Society.
As a portfolio firm within The Stagwell Group, The Harris Poll works closely with its sister firms, including:
• Code and Theory
• Emerald Research Group
• Finn Partners
• Harris X
• INK
• Locaria
• MDC Partners
• MMI
• Multiview
• NRG
• Observatory
• SKDKnickerbocker
• Targeted Victory
• Wolfgang
• WyeComm
The Harris Poll engages clients with a brand-tracking platform, market research and brand strategy consulting, omnibus quick-turn polling, corporate reputation consulting, and thought leadership consulting.
References
Further reading
"Harris Interactive Files Suit Against AOL, Microsoft, Qwest, and other ISPs Over Restraint of Trade"
"Harris Interactive- Information from Answers.com"
External links
Business services companies of the United States
Companies based in Rochester, New York
Consulting firms established in 1956
Companies formerly listed on the Nasdaq
Market research companies of the United States
Public opinion research companies in the United States
1956 establishments in New York (state)
2014 mergers and acquisitions
2017 mergers and acquisitions | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Harris%20Poll |
Bruce Langhorne (May 11, 1938 – April 14, 2017) was an American folk musician. He was active in the Greenwich Village folk scene in the 1960s, primarily as a session guitarist for folk albums and performances.
Biography
Early life
Langhorne was born in Tallahassee, Florida, where his father taught at the Florida Agriculture and Mechanical College for Negroes. From the age of four, he lived with his mother in Spanish Harlem, in New York City. He learned violin, but lost most of three fingers of his right hand as a child when lighting a homemade rocket. He was expelled from Horace Mann Prep School, and later claimed that as a teenager he was involved in a stabbing, following which he lived for two years in Mexico. He started playing guitar at the age of 17, and the loss of his fingers contributed to his distinctive playing style.
Early career in Greenwich Village
He began accompanying folk singer Brother John Sellers at clubs in Greenwich Village, soon starting to work with other musicians. Langhorne worked with many of the major performers in the folk revival of the 1950s and 1960s, including The Clancy Brothers & Tommy Makem, Joan Baez, Richie Havens, Carolyn Hester, Judy Collins Peter LaFarge, Gordon Lightfoot, Hugh Masekela, Odetta, Babatunde Olatunji, Peter, Paul and Mary, Richard and Mimi Fariña, Tom Rush, Steve Gillette, and Buffy Sainte-Marie. He first recorded in 1961, with Carolyn Hester, which is when he met Bob Dylan. He later said of Dylan: "I thought he was a terrible singer and a complete fake, and I thought he didn't play harmonica that well.... I didn't really start to appreciate Bobby as something unique until he started writing." In 1963 he accompanied Dylan on The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan, and in 1965 was one of several guitarists on the album Bringing It All Back Home.
Mr. Tambourine Man
The title character of Bob Dylan's song "Mr. Tambourine Man" was probably inspired by Langhorne, who used to play a large Turkish frame drum in performances and recordings. The drum, which Langhorne purchased in a music store in Greenwich Village, had small bells attached around its interior, giving it a jingling sound much like a tambourine. Langhorne used the instrument most prominently on recordings by Richard and Mimi Fariña. The drum is now in the collection of the Bob Dylan Center in Tulsa.
Work with Bob Dylan
In addition to inspiring the title character of "Mr. Tambourine Man", Langhorne played the electric guitar countermelody on the song. His guitar is also prominent on several other songs on Dylan's Bringing It All Back Home album, particularly "Love Minus Zero/No Limit" and "She Belongs to Me"; he also played the lead guitar parts on "Subterranean Homesick Blues", "Outlaw Blues", "Bob Dylan's 115th Dream" and "Maggie's Farm". He also played the guitar for Dylan's television performances of "It's Alright Ma (I'm Only Bleeding)" and "It's All Over Now, Baby Blue" on The Les Crane Show in February 1965, a month after the Bringing It All Back Home sessions. Two years earlier, Langhorne performed on "Corrina, Corrina", on the album The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan, and on the outtake "Mixed-Up Confusion", which was eventually released on Biograph. Years later, Langhorne played on tracks for Dylan's album Pat Garrett and Billy the Kid.
Movie music composer
Langhorne composed the music for the Peter Fonda western film The Hired Hand (1971), which combined sitar, fiddle, and banjo. He also provided the scores for Fonda's 1973 science fiction film Idaho Transfer and his 1976 vigilante movie Fighting Mad (directed by Jonathan Demme). Other films featuring Langhorne's scores include Stay Hungry (1976), Melvin and Howard (1980) and Night Warning (1982).
In 1992, Langhorne founded a hot-sauce company, Brother Bru-Bru's African Hot Sauce. The hot sauce is unique for containing "African spices" and all-natural or organic, no-sodium or low-sodium ingredients.
Bruce suffered a debilitating stroke in 2006, but was able to live at home, surrounded by loved ones, until his death from kidney failure on April 14, 2017, in Venice, California
References
External links
(a split entry under a misspelling)
Illustrated Bruce Langhorne discography
Bruce Langhorne Interview (part 1 continued)
Bruce Langhorne Interview part 2
1938 births
2017 deaths
Musicians from Tallahassee, Florida
African-American guitarists
American film score composers
American folk guitarists
American male guitarists
American percussionists
American rock guitarists
American session musicians
Fingerstyle guitarists
Guitarists from New York (state)
Lead guitarists
Planet Drum members
Tambourine players
20th-century American guitarists
American male film score composers
20th-century American male musicians
People from East Harlem
Deaths from kidney failure
20th-century African-American musicians
21st-century African-American people | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce%20Langhorne |
ASCOM can refer to:
Ascom (company), the Swiss telecommunication company
Ascom Group, Moldovan oil and gas company
ASCOM (standard) is a standard for communicating with observatory equipment | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASCOM |
Neshka Stefanova Robeva (; born 26 May 1946) is a Bulgarian former Rhythmic Gymnast and coach.
Biography
Born in Rousse, Robeva graduated from the Bulgarian State Choreography School in "Bulgarian Dances" in 1966 and since then had been a member of the Bulgarian national rhythmic gymnastics squad until 1973. She took part in four World Championships. (1967, 1969, 1971, 1973)
In 1974 Robeva graduated from the High Institute for Sports (now National Sports Academy) and started work as a coach at the "Levski-Spartak" club. The same year she was appointed head coach of the Bulgarian National Team and she remained in that position until 1999. This was a very successful period for Bulgarian rhythmic gymnastics. However, Robeva, while given credit for her exceptional work as a coach, was also criticized for imposing harsh discipline and regimen on her trainees.
The 25 years under Robeva's leadership will be remembered as the “Golden Girls Century” of the Bulgarian school in rhythmic gymnastics and her European and World champions as the “Golden Girls of Bulgaria". The successes of several generations of Bulgarian gymnasts are closely related with her name. In World, European and Olympic championships Neshka's gymnasts won 294 medals.
In 1988 Neshka was the choreographer and dance producer for the dance in the film Acatamus from the director Georgi Djulgerov. From 1993 until 1997 she was a member of the European Gymnastics Committee. Neshka is currently the president of the Levski rhythmic gymnastics club.
References
External links
1946 births
Living people
Bulgarian rhythmic gymnasts
Sportspeople from Ruse, Bulgaria
Medalists at the Rhythmic Gymnastics World Championships | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neshka%20Robeva |
Gonzalo Endara Crow (1936-1996, Bucay, Ecuador) was a Latin American writer and painter.
From an early age he was very interested in art and as a young man he studied painting at the Central University in Quito. Endara Crow's work took on a distinct style early in his career that stayed with him throughout his life. Ecuadorian geography and the bright colors used by indigenous artisans in their work were two major influences that penetrated Endara Crow's work for his entire career. Gonzalo Endara Crow is considered one of the most important Latin American painters of the second half of the 20th century. His work was universal and offered an aesthetic perspective of Andean culture and people.
His most recognized painting is "El Tren Volador" (The Flying Train). As a child, Endara Crow was amazed by trains since his grandfather worked at the railroad; this became an inspiration for his masterpiece, in which he depicts a flying train—hence the title—that blends into a colorful mountainous landscape. Another common surreal motif in his paintings was raining bells or spheres as in his Untitled work dated July 29, 1988. Endara was also a sculptor, and sculpted two important monuments in Sangolquí, Ecuador. These two monuments are "El Choclo" and "El Colibrí". Some of his pieces encompass elements of painting and sculpture both such as "El Cerro de la Iglesia" (1985) an acrylic work enclosed inside a wood portal.
Various art historians and critics have referred to his work as magical realism, a term often used when speaking of twentieth-century Latin American literature. Just as in magical realist texts, paintings by Endara Crow seek to expand the categories of what is real so as to encompass myth. Magic and other extraordinary phenomena in nature - all which are excluded by European culture - find their place in Endara Crow's painting.
Magical realism in painting can be distinguished by the way in which reality and fantasy are blended. Any distinction between the two is erased through the combination of fantasy elements and mythology with otherwise unrealistic fiction. As in the magical realist texts of Gabriel García Márquez, Gonzalo Endara Crow's paintings weave in fantastic elements with deadpan presentation transforming the unlikely into certain reality with a subtle mechanism: the treatment of light.
Books
Gonzalo Endara Crow. Galeria Sosa Larrea Cosmos Editores, Quito. 1987.
El libro azul / The Blue Book. Representaciones Endara Crow, Quito. 1992.
Desde la mitad del mundo. Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Buenos Aires. 1994.
References
Ecuadorian artists
Modern artists
1936 births
1996 deaths
20th-century Ecuadorian painters | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonzalo%20Endara%20Crow |
El Kantara () is a town and commune in Biskra Province, Algeria. The 1911 Baedeker travel guide described it as "one of the most important caravan-stations in E. Algeria." The town is well known for the eponymous gorge nearby, described by locals as the "Mouth of the Desert". The area was named El Kantara by Arab conquerors.
The gorge is narrow, at only wide, but the walls can be as high as .
History
Roman soldiers of the Third Augustan Legion dubbed the gorge Calceus Herculis (English: Hercules' Kick), in reference to the divine hero Hercules' legendary strength. They also constructed an arched bridge over the river in the bottom of the gorge, in order to allow caravans and military supplies to pass through the town with ease.
In the second century A.D., the town and bridge were guarded by Syrian archers who are thought to have planted the first date palm grove in the region.
Present infrastructure
A highway and railroad follow the same path as the ancient Roman road through the town.
Notable people
Saïd Chengriha, senior military leader
Gallery
References
External links
Images of El-Kantara (including bridge and mosque) in Manar al-Athar digital heritage photo archive resource
Les grandes Familles d'origine Arabe d'El Kantara sont : ABDELAZIZE, BELLAL, HOUFANI, KHIREDDINE, SAADLAOUD, SOURI, YOUB et ZEROUG.
Le reste des familles sont d'origine Berbère.
Communes of Biskra Province
Biskra Province | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El%20Kantara |
Newspapers in Peru include:
Current newspapers
Ajá - Lima
El Bocón - Lima; owned by conglomerate El Comercio Group
El Chino - Lima
El Comercio - Lima; owned by conglomerate El Comercio Group
Cronicawan - Peru's first nationally circulated Quechua language newspaper
Diario El Gobierno - online newspaper
- Lima; owned by conglomerate El Comercio Group
Diario del Cusco - Cusco
- Lima
Gestion - Lima; owned by conglomerate El Comercio Group
Hoy - Huánuco
Ojo - Lima; owned by conglomerate El Comercio Group
Perú 21; owned by conglomerate El Comercio Group
El Peruano
El Popular - Lima
- Lima
La Razón - Lima
La República - Lima; a left-of-center newspaper
El Tiempo - Chiclayo
Diario UNO
Nuevo Sol
Defunct newspapers
Mercurio Peruano
Los Parias, 1904-1910
, 1903-1984
, est. 1919
, 1950-1992
La Voz de Chincha, est. 1924
See also
Chicha press ("Prensa Chicha"; nickname for sensationalist tabloid newspapers)
Media of Peru
List of newspapers
Freedom of the press in Peru
References
Further reading
External links
(circa 2011)
List of All Media in Peru
Peru
Newspapers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20newspapers%20in%20Peru |
Live: Sittin' in Again at Santa Barbara Bowl is a live compilation album (and eleventh overall release) by singer-songwriter duo Loggins and Messina, released in late 2005. It was recorded in Santa Barbara at one of the first performances of their reunion tour. The physical CD features thirteen tracks; however an online download-only version includes five additional tracks: "Sailin' the Wind", "Long Tail Cat", "Thinking of You", "Be Free", and "You Need a Man" which can also be heard (and seen) on the DVD release of the concert.
Track listing
"Watching the River Run" (Kenny Loggins, Jim Messina) – 3:54
"House at Pooh Corner" (Loggins) – 4:16
"Listen to a Country Song/Holiday Hotel" (Messina, Al Garth) – 4:44
"Back to Georgia" (Loggins) – 3:19
"Trilogy: Lovin' Me/To Make a Woman Feel Wanted/Peace of Mind" (Loggins, Messina, Murray MacLeod) – 14:45
"Your Mama Don't Dance" (Loggins, Messina) – 3:38
"A Love Song" (Loggins, Donna Lyn George) – 2:23
"Same Old Wine" (Messina) – 8:02
"Changes" (Messina) – 5:17
"Vahevala" (Loggins, Dann Lottermoser) – 7:06
"Angry Eyes" (Loggins, Messina) – 7:54
"Nobody But You" (Messina) – 4:30
"Danny's Song" (Loggins) – 2:41
DVD track listing
"Intro"
"Watching The River Run"
"House At Pooh Corner"
"Sailin' The Wind" (Loggins, Lottermoser)
"Long Tail Cat" (Loggins)
"Listen To A Country Song/Holiday Song"
"Changes"
"Back To Georgia"
"Trilogy: Lovin' Me/Make A Woman Feel Wanted/Peace of Mind"
"Your Mama Don't Dance"
"A Love Song"
"Thinking Of You" (Messina)
"Kind Woman" (Richie Furay)
"Be Free" (Messina)
"Same Old Wine"
"Growin'" (Loggins, Ronnie Wilkins)
"You Need A Man" (Messina)
"Vahevala"
"Angry Eyes"
"Nobody But You"
"Danny's Song"
Bonus tracks from The Midnight Special (1973)
"My Music" (Loggins, Messina)
"Danny's Song"
"Your Mama Don't Dance"
"You Need A Man"
"Coming To You" (Messina)
"Sailin' The Wind"
Personnel
Kenny Loggins – vocals, guitar
Jim Messina – vocals, guitar, mandolin
Steve DiStanislao – drums
Gabe Dixon – keyboards
Jeff Nathanson – saxophone, EWI
Steve Nieves – percussion, saxophone
Shem von Schroeck – bass guitar
Gabe Witcher – fiddle, dobro
Additional personnel on DVD bonus tracks
Merel Bregante – drums
Larry Sims – bass, backing vocals
Al Garth – reed instruments, violin, recorder
Jon Clarke – reed instruments
Production
Producers: Jim Messina, Kenny Loggins
Product manager: Mike Engstrom
Digital editing: Anthony Catalano
Engineer: Guy Charbonneau, Elliot Scheiner
Mastering: Darcy Proper
Photography: Larry Mills, Greg Waterman
Liner notes: Peter Fornatale
References
Loggins and Messina albums
2005 live albums
2005 video albums
Live video albums
Rhino Records live albums
Rhino Records video albums
Albums produced by Kenny Loggins
Albums produced by Jim Messina (musician) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Live%3A%20Sittin%27%20In%20Again%20at%20the%20Santa%20Barbara%20Bowl |
Ubundu, formerly known as Ponthierville or Ponthierstad, is a town located in the Tshopo Province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and is the administrative center of the territory of the same name. It is on the Lualaba River, or Upper Congo, just above the Boyoma Falls.
As the river is not navigable from here downstream to Kisangani, a portage railway was built to link the settlement to Kisangani. It was built and operated during the colonial era by the Compagnie du chemin de fer du Congo supérieur aux Grands Lacs africains of CFL (1902-1960) whose rail and river steamer service connected Kisangani with Katanga. Upstream from Ubundu the river is navigable as far as Kasongo.
In 1951, Katharine Hepburn, Humphrey Bogart and the crew of the film The African Queen arrived in Ubundu by train for filming in the jungle. In those days, the town was described as a "pretty colonial outpost".
The area saw some of the worst fighting during the Second Congo War. Around 2003, the town had no electricity, and very few facilities, and was considered a very dangerous place.
See also
Transport in DRC
References
Populated places in Tshopo
Communes of the Democratic Republic of the Congo | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubundu |
Kantara may refer to:
Kantara (film), a 2022 Indian Kannada-language action film
Kantara (soundtrack), soundtrack to the 2022 film
Kantara 2 (film), a 2023 sequel film
El Kantara, a town in Algeria
El Kantara District, Algeria
Kantara Castle, a medieval castle in Cyprus
Kantara, İskele, a village in Cyprus
El Qantara, Egypt
Kantara or Mahakantara, names used in the Mahabharata for Maraguda, a valley in India
Qantara, Lebanon
Kantara Initiative, an IT consortium for interoperable digital identity systems
See also
Kantar (disambiguation)
Qantara (disambiguation) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kantara |
Alberta Provincial Highway No. 33, commonly referred to as Highway 33 and officially named Grizzly Trail, is a north–south highway in west–central Alberta, Canada.
Highway 33 begins at Highway 43 near the hamlet of Gunn and travels north to the town of Barrhead. North of Barrhead, Highway 33 turns northwest, crossing the Athabasca River at Fort Assiniboine, before reaching the town of Swan Hills. Highway 33 continues north from Swan Hills to Highway 2 east of Kinuso. Highway 33 is about in length.
History
Highway 33 follows the original Klondike Trail, which was advertised by Edmonton merchants as the shortest route to the Yukon during the Klondike Gold Rush, from the Athabasca River at Pruden's Crossing, near Fort Assiniboine, through present-day Swan Hills and along the Swan River to north to present-day Kinuso. The trail followed a very difficult and dangerous route and by 1901-02 use of the trail declined, soon after it was abandoned altogether in favour of other routes to the Peace River area.
Highway 33 originally started as short highway that connected Highway 43, south of Onoway, to Alberta Beach. In the 1970s, Highway 33 was extended north to Barrhead from Gunn, resulting in an gap between Alberta Beach and Gunn. Highway 18, which ran between Barrhead and Swan Hills, was renumbered to Highway 33 and the highway was extended north to Kinuso. In , the original section to Alberta Beach became part of Highway 633.
Major intersections
From south to north:
Photos
References
033 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alberta%20Highway%2033 |
This is a list of newspapers in Suriname.
De Ware Tijd (Paramaribo) dwtonline.com
De West (Paramaribo) dagbladdewest.com
Dagblad Suriname (Paramaribo) dbsuriname.com
GFC Nieuws (Paramaribo) gfcnieuws.com
Lam Foeng in Chinese (Paramaribo)
Star Nieuws (Paramaribo) starnieuws.com
Suriname Herald (Paramaribo) srherald.com
Times of Suriname (Paramaribo) surinametimes.com
United News (Paramaribo) unitednews.sr
Waterkant (Rotterdam, Netherlands) waterkant.net
Suriname Nieuws (srnieuws.com) collects current articles from these papers.
Defunct newspapers
1943–1957: Het Nieuws
1954–1967: Nieuw Suriname
Magazines
Parbode (Paramaribo) parbode.com
Defunct magazines
De Vrije Stem (1960–1982)
OSO (1982-2017) Free download of all editions
See also
List of newspapers
References
Suriname
Newspapers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20newspapers%20in%20Suriname |
Çandarlı Halil Pasha (died 10 July 1453), known as the Younger, was a highly influential Ottoman grand vizier under the sultans Murad II and, for the first few years of his reign, Mehmed II (from 1439 to 1 June 1453 precisely). He was a member of the Çandarlı family, a highly influential political family in the Ottoman Empire. His grandfather and namesake, Çandarlı Kara Halil Hayreddin Pasha (Çandarlı Halil Pasha the Elder), also earlier served as grand vizier, under Murad I.
Biography
Halil Pasha was the fourth and penultimate member of the Çandarlı family to hold the position of grand vizier in the Ottoman Empire. His father, Çandarlı Ibrahim Pasha the Elder, his uncle, Çandarlı Ali Pasha, and his grandfather Çandarlı Halil Pasha the Elder had also held the position in the past. His own son, Çandarlı Ibrahim Pasha the Younger, would also become grand vizier in the future.
Twice during his reign, sultan Murad II, a man more interested in religion and the arts than politics, retired to the city of Manisa. For the sultan's protection, Halil Pasha had a castle built in a nearby town, renaming it Çandarlı after his own family (the castle is still the most famous landmark in Çandarlı today). During these times of Murad II's retirement, Halil Pasha held effective control of the empire in the capital Edirne with Mehmed II, then still a child, as the nominal sultan. On both occasions, with the dangers presented by allied European armies attacking Ottoman territories, Çandarlı called back Murad II and deposed the teenaged Mehmed II to replace him with his more capable father. These two incidents led to lasting resentment by Mehmed II towards Çandarlı. The fact that the Çandarlı family had become extremely wealthy from their influence in the empire for over a century, possibly more so than even the ruling Ottoman family itself, further strained tensions between Mehmed II and Halil Pasha, the scion of the Çandarlı family.
When Mehmed II became sultan, the Byzantine emperor Constantine XI sent a messenger to the Ottomans, asking for an increase of the annuity of Mehmed II's cousin Orhan or otherwise to release him. Orhan was a distant Ottoman family member and could claim himself as pretender for the throne and potentially start a civil war. This strategy of disruption was used by the Byzantines several times before. Halil Pasha became infuriated at the message and replied to the messengers:
In 1453, one of the first acts committed by the (then fully reigning) Sultan Mehmed II immediately after the conquest of Constantinople was to imprison Çandarlı Halil Pasha. The city had been taken on 29 May 1453 and Halil Pasha's imprisonment took place on 1 June 1453. His execution followed on 10 July 1453.
Mehmed II thus ended the Çandarlı era in the Ottoman Empire, and the later members of the family became no more than provincial notables based in İznik, although they were to give yet another, short-term, grand vizier to the Ottoman Empire at the end of the 15th century (Halil's son Çandarlı Ibrahim Pasha the Younger).
Çandarlı Halil Pasha was, as such, the first Ottoman grand vizier to be executed by the sultan.
Popular culture
Reşit Gürzap portrayed Halil Pasha in Turkish film İstanbul'un Fethi (1951).
Halil Pasha is played by Erden Alkan in Turkish film Fetih 1453 (2012).
Halil Pasha appears in the historical novel Porphyry and Ash. The speech he delivers to the Byzantine Emperor is the same as that made by the real Halil Pasha as recorded by George Sphrantzes
Halil Pasha is played by Selim Bayraktar in Netflix series Rise of Empires: Ottoman.
Halil Pasha appears as an antagonist in Kiersten White's novel “And I Darken” (2016)
See also
Çandarlı family
Çandarlı, a town named by Halil Pasha
List of Ottoman grand viziers
References
1453 deaths
Pashas
15th-century Grand Viziers of the Ottoman Empire
15th-century executions by the Ottoman Empire
Turks from the Ottoman Empire
Executed people from the Ottoman Empire
Grand Viziers of Mehmed the Conqueror
Year of birth unknown
Fall of Constantinople
Halil | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87andarl%C4%B1%20Halil%20Pasha%20the%20Younger |
Moba is a town located in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in Tanganyika Province. It is the administrative center of Moba Territory.
Location
Moba is situated on the western shore of the southern part of Lake Tanganyika, south-east of Kalemie, to which it is linked by regular boat services. The Rafiki is the largest and most comfortable of the available ferry services.
The larger town of Kirungu (Kilungu) is on a plateau above the lake and 5 km from Moba.
A dirt road leads down from Kirungu to a jetty in Moba.
Moba lies just south of the Mulobozi river.
The Marungu highlands, a range of steep rugged hills, rises behind the town, bisected by the Mulobozi.
The smaller northern section rises to an elevation of about and the larger southern section to about .
The highest mountain in Moba is called Murumbi.
People
In 1984 Moba had a population of 25,463.
Its ethnic identity is mostly Tabwa.
History
The city was created in 1893 by White Fathers who established a post at nearby Kirungu which they called Baudoinville/Boudewijnstad after Prince Baudouin of Belgium.
Civil war and aftermath
During the Second Congo War (1998-2003) the region became a battle zone between government forces and rebel groups.
The area between Pweto, Moba and Moliro has been called the "Triangle of Death".
In November 2000, DRC government troops with Interahamwe fighters, former Rwandan army troops now fighting for the DRC government and other allies launched an offensive. They captured positions held by the Congolese Rally for Democracy-Goma (RCD-Goma), such as Pweto, Pepa, and attacked Moba port. The RCD-Goma and Rwandan Patriotic Army (RPA) forces counter-attacked early in December 2000.
The Rwandans re-took Pweto and Moba early in December 2000.
On 1 August 2007 a mob of demonstrators assaulted United Nations military observers and damaged offices belonging to the UNHCR and sister agencies. The United Nations withdrew from the town and ceased repatriation of refugees living in Zambia.
Economy
There are no paved roads in the Moba area nor within several hundred kilometres of the town. Two dirt roads, frequently impassable in the rainy season, are the only access by land from the west and south.
Moba had long been without electricity. Since 1996, there is a small hydroelectric dam built to provide its population with electricity. This dam was sponsored by an Italian NGO, Mondo Gusto, on Ngandwe Fuamba river.
Economic activity in Moba is mostly farming, fishing and gold mining.
References
Populated places in Tanganyika Province
Populated places on Lake Tanganyika | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moba%2C%20Democratic%20Republic%20of%20the%20Congo |
Jens William Ægidius Elling (also Aegidus or Aegidius) (26 July 1861 – 27 May 1949) was a Norwegian researcher, inventor and pioneer of gas turbines who is considered to be the father of the gas turbine. He built the first gas turbine that was able to produce more power than needed to run its own components.
Elling was born in and grew up in Oslo, Norway. He studied mechanical engineering at Kristiania Technical College, (now part of Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences) graduating in 1881. Between 1885 and 1902, he worked as an engineer and designer at a number of workshops in Sweden and Norway.
His first gas turbine patent was granted in 1884.
In 1903 he completed the first turbine that produced excess power; his original machine used both rotary compressors and turbines to produce net. He further developed the concept, and by 1912 he had developed a gas turbine system with separate turbine unit and compressor in series, a combination that is now common.
One major challenge was to find materials that could withstand the high temperatures developed in the turbine to achieve high output powers. His 1903 turbine could withstand inlet temperatures up to 400°Celsius (752°F). Elling understood that if better materials could be found, the gas turbine would be an ideal power source for airplanes. Many years later, Sir Frank Whittle, building on the early work of Elling, managed to build a practical gas turbine engine for an airplane, the jet engine. His gas turbine prototypes from 1903 and 1912 are exhibited at Norsk Teknisk Museum in Oslo.
Elling also did significant development work in other areas, such as steam engine controls, pumps, compressors, vacuum drying et cetera.
In 1914 Elling produced a book called Billig opvarmning: veiledning i at behandle magasinovner økonomisk og letvint. (), which was published by Aschehoug. Books written by Elling are now rare, and are mostly found in museums and libraries.
References
External links
Norwegian Technical Museum's biography of Elling (Norwegian)
1861 births
1949 deaths
Jet engine pioneers
Norwegian inventors | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%86gidius%20Elling |
Djokupunda, also spelt Djoko Punda and known in colonial times as Charlesville, is a small town in Kasai province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. A Mennonite mission of the Congo Inland Mission was founded there in 1912 and became a centre for establishing further missions in the region. The town is close to the upper Kasai River, at the limit of navigation on that river, and is connected by dirt tracks to Luebo, 64 km east-north-east and Tshikapa, 150 km south. Djokupunda has schools and health clinics but no paved roads and no facilities for travellers.
Until 1955, the Forminière company operated a 600 mm railway more or less along the river Kasai, South to Makumbi.
References
Bertsche, James E. (1989). "Congo, Democratic Republic of." Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. Retrieved 25 May 2007 >
Populated places in Kasaï Province | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djokupunda |
.460 and .460 Magnum may refer to two different firearms cartridges:
.460 Weatherby Magnum (rifle)
.460 S&W Magnum (revolver)
.460 can also refer to:
.460 Steyr (rifle)
.460 Rowland (pistol) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.460 |
"Everybody Wants Some!!" is a song by the American hard rock band Van Halen it is the second track off their 1980 album Women and Children First. It is one of the band's most popular songs, starting as a concert highlight throughout the band's early career.
Chuck Klosterman of Vulture.com ranked it the 36th-best Van Halen song, writing that "Roth’s improvised rap is lascivious and fetishistic."
Composition
The song is rife with experimental features including a "jungle" drum and Tarzan-like vocal introduction and some new guitar playing techniques from guitarist Eddie Van Halen. The drum-vocal interlude or breakdown section has an improvised feel, with Roth ad-libbing conversational dialogue; for example, he begins the section by saying “I like…” before being cut off by Eddie striking a guitar chord, then finishes "I like the way the line runs up the back of the stockings". At the very end of the song, Roth quips, "Look, I'll pay you for it, what the fuck?" The last word is not clearly audible due to the song's fade-out ending, and radio stations occasionally play the uncensored song as a result.
The song was a staple on all of the tours with Roth, following its release. Often, the band would stop in the middle of the song and Roth would chat with the crowd for several minutes before finishing the song. In later years, with their later lead singers, Van Halen would use the opening drum beat from this song as an introduction into "Panama."
In popular culture
The song appeared in the 1985 comedy Better Off Dead in a humorous Claymation scene. Other film appearances include the 2001 comedy Joe Dirt, the 2009 horror-comedy Zombieland, and Richard Linklater's 2016 film Everybody Wants Some!! (2016).
The 1999 Judd Apatow-produced comedy Freaks and Geeks featured the song in episode 9, "We've Got Spirit".
References
Further reading
1980 singles
1980 songs
Van Halen songs
Song recordings produced by Ted Templeman
Songs written by Michael Anthony (musician)
Songs written by Alex Van Halen
Songs written by Eddie Van Halen
Songs written by David Lee Roth
Warner Records singles | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everybody%20Wants%20Some%21%21%20%28song%29 |
Wisconsin Technical College System (WTCS) is a system of 16 public technical colleges administered by the state of Wisconsin. The system offers more than 500 programs, awarding two-year associate degrees, one- and two-year technical diplomas, and short-term technical diplomas and certificates. It also provides training and technical assistance to Wisconsin's business and industry community. Over 370,000 individuals accessed the technical colleges for education and training in the 2010–11 school year.
History
The Wisconsin Legislature passed laws in 1911 requiring cities with a population of 5,000 people or more to set up trade schools and school boards to administer them. The schools had four purposes: to provide continuing education of boys and girls 14-16 who had quit high school, trade school, adult evening education, and related instruction for apprentices.
Wisconsin became the first state to establish a system of state support for vocational, technical, and adult education schools.
In 1911 the Wisconsin apprenticeship Law was passed; employers were required to release apprentices to the trade schools if one was available and to pay regular hourly wages for time spent at school.
Both of these bills resulted from the work of Charles McCarthy, the first director of the present-day state Legislative Reference Bureau.
The Smith-Hughes Act, passed by the U.S. Congress in 1917, was modeled after Wisconsin's initiative.
In 1961, the school boards were authorized to offer associate's degree for two-year technical courses. In 1965, the state legislature required a system of vocational, technical, and adult education districts to cover the entire state by 1970. Following this, enrollments in the WTCS doubled from 1967 to 1982.
There were significant increases in the number of associate degree programs in the 1970s. Schools were also required to improve cooperation and coordination with the University of Wisconsin System.
In 1993, the state board was designated as the Technical College System Board, and the colleges became referred to as "Technical Colleges".
List of member colleges
Blackhawk Technical College
Chippewa Valley Technical College
Fox Valley Technical College
Gateway Technical College
Lakeshore Technical College
Madison Area Technical College
Mid-State Technical College
Milwaukee Area Technical College
Moraine Park Technical College
Nicolet Area Technical College
Northcentral Technical College
Northeast Wisconsin Technical College
Northwood Technical College (formerly Wisconsin Indianhead Technical College)
Southwest Wisconsin Technical College
Waukesha County Technical College
Western Technical College (formerly Western Wisconsin Technical College)
See also
University of Wisconsin Colleges, system administering two year colleges in Wisconsin
University of Wisconsin System, system administering four year colleges in Wisconsin
References
Further reading
Paris, Kathleen A. A political history of vocational, technical and adult education in Wisconsin. Madison: Wisconsin Board of Vocational, Technical and Adult Education, 1985.
External links
Wisconsin Technical College System official website | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wisconsin%20Technical%20College%20System |
The Intermountain West, or Intermountain Region, is a geographic and geological region of the Western United States. It is located between the Rocky Mountain Front on the east and the Cascade Range and Sierra Nevada on the west.
Topography
The Intermountain West has a basin and range and plateau topography. Some of the region's rivers reach the Pacific Ocean, such as the Columbia River and Colorado River. Other regional rivers and streams are in endorheic basins and cannot reach the sea, such as the Walker River and Owens River. These flow into brackish or seasonally dry lakes or desert sinks.
Portions of this region include:
Basin and Range Province
Colorado Plateau
Great Basin
Intermontane Plateaus
Climate
The climate of the Intermountain Region is affected by location and elevation. The sub-regions are in rain shadows from the Cascade or Sierra Nevada ranges that block precipitation from Pacific storms. The winter weather depends on latitude. In the southern portion, winters are shorter, warmer and have less winter precipitation and snow. In the northern portion, winters are cold and moist. All areas have hot summers. North American Monsoon storms can occur in the region during the mid-summer, coming northeast from the Pacific Ocean and Mexican Plateau.
Natural history
The flora at lower elevations includes deserts and xeric shrublands and temperate grasslands and shrublands biome vegetation. Higher elevation montane habitats include temperate coniferous forests biome vegetation, including groves and forests of various species of pine, cedar, juniper, aspen, and other trees, and understory shrubs, and perennials.
Intermountain West ecoregions include:
Central Basin and Range ecoregion – North American Deserts; Level III ecoregion (EPA)
Columbia Plateau (ecoregion) – Temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands biome (WWF)
Eastern Cascades Slopes and Foothills (ecoregion) – Northwestern Forested Mountains; Level III ecoregion (EPA)
Great Basin shrub steppe – Deserts and xeric shrublands biome (WWF)
Great Basin montane forests – Temperate coniferous forest biome (WWF)
Northern Basin and Range ecoregion – North American Deserts; Level III ecoregion (EPA)
Palouse grasslands ecoregion – Temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands biome (WWF)
Snake River Plain (ecoregion) – North American Deserts; Level III ecoregion (EPA)
Wasatch and Uinta montane forests ecoregion – Temperate coniferous forest biome (WWF)
Some sections are agriculturally cultivated with water diversions for irrigation systems. Cattle ranching is practiced in the region as well. Cultivated crops include corn, potatoes, sugar beets, grass hay, and alfalfa, the latter two crops are used for livestock feed.
Demographics and sociology
For thousands of years the Intermountain West has been the homeland for many Native American cultures, tribes, and bands. The 18th-century fur trade (northern areas), and 19th-century westward expansion of the United States brought irreversible cultural changes. The completion of the First transcontinental railroad through the region accelerated non-native settlements and development.
Historically, the Intermountain West area centered in Utah is associated with Latter-day Saint (Mormon) settlements, and the region has the highest percentage of LDS members in the United States currently. That region is also known as the Mormon Corridor.
Because of its low population density and diverse economy, the survivalist writers James Wesley Rawles and Joel Skousen both recommend the region as a preferred locale for "strategic relocation" and for building survival retreats, thus referring to it as the American Redoubt.
Intermountain states
The intermountain states are generally considered to be Nevada, Utah, Idaho, the western third of Montana, Arizona north of the Mogollon Rim, Colorado from the Front Range westward, New Mexico from the central mountain chain westward, and Far West Texas from the Pecos River westward. The intermountain states are so named from having all or portions between the Rockies, Sierras, and Cascades. The intermountain states are included among states classified as the Mountain States.
See also
Western United States
Index: Regions of the Western United States
References
Regions of the Western United States
Regions of the United States
Western Canada
Geology of Western Canada
Geography of Western Canada
Regions of Canada | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intermountain%20West |
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