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, half of the Japanese comedy duo Utchan Nanchan, is one of the most famous and influential comedians in the owarai community. His nickname is Utchan ("Wutchan"), and his partner, Kiyotaka Nanbara, is known as Nanchan. He was born on July 22, 1964, in Hitoyoshi, Kumamoto. Though he has worked for years as a comedian, he has also shown talent as an actor and dramatic performer. He is well known as the leader of the owarai band NO PLAN.
History
Uchimura met Nanbara while attending the Yokohama Broadcasting Technical School, along with Tetsurō Degawa and Masato Irie, who were also classmates. The two decided to start a manzai duo, and they were called Utchan Nanchan by their teacher, Keiko Utsumi. They first appeared on the show Owarai sutaa tanjō!! (お笑いスター誕生!!, Birth of a Comedy Star!). They won the competition the following year, and picked up the nyū kombi (new duo) award the next year.
In 1992, Utchan Nanchan won the Japanese Academy Award for "Best New Actors" for their roles in the movie Cult Seven (七人のおたく). In 1993 Hong Kong singer Wong Ka Kui died after both he and Uchimura fell off a broken stage on Utchan Nanchan TV show. In addition, the TV program Uchimura Produce(内村プロデュース) which he was the producer of in 2000 won popularity. Criticisms followed that the Japanese were having too many late night shows of this type, and the TV station crews were overworked.
Uchimura announced his engagement to and married former TV announcer Yumi Tokunaga in 2005. On January 28, 2006, his debut film as a director, PEANUTS, was released.
Character
Uchimura is said to have been often teased about his pallid skin color and big nose. He was supposedly often teased as a youth with taunts like, "With skin as white as yours, why don't you become a kabuki actor?". At the same time, he was called a child prodigy after placing 8th in a local prefectural swimming tournament, leading his school's softball team to a municipal semifinal win, while also competing in baseball and kendo.
He loves the countryside in his hometown prefecture of Kumamoto, and frequently appears on local television, and writes articles for his hometown newspaper twice a year. He is said to resemble Jackie Chan and has parodied him many times in comedy routines.
Therefore, he is called "Chan"("chen") by Tetsurō Degawa.
Filmography
Film
Kisarazu Cat's Eye: Nihon Series (2003) – George Murata
Zebraman (2004) – Ippongi
Crayon Shin-chan: The Storm Called: The Kasukabe Boys of the Evening Sun (2004) – Himself (voice)
Peanuts (2006) – Koichi Akiyoshi
Gold Medal Man (2016)
Television drama
Saiyūki (2006) – Sha Wujing
Natsuzora (2019) – narrator
Japanese dub
Sing (2017) – Buster Moon
Sing 2 (2022) – Buster Moon
See also
Uchimura Produce
PEANUTS
Summers
TIM
Ryō Fukawa
Udo Suzuki (Kyaiin)
References
External links
Official Website for Uchan Nanchan
Official discussion board for Uchan Nanchan
1964 births
Living people
Actors from Kumamoto Prefecture
People from Hitoyoshi, Kumamoto
Japanese male comedians
Japanese television presenters
Japanese male film actors
21st-century Japanese male actors | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teruyoshi%20Uchimura |
Kozloduy ( ) is a town in northwest Bulgaria, located in Vratsa Province, on the Danube River. The city was liberated from Ottoman rule on 23 November 1877 by the Romanian Army under the command of the Imperial Russian Army. Kozloduy is best known for the Kozloduy Nuclear Power Plant, Bulgaria's only (as of January 2018) nuclear power plant, which is located nearby, as well as the second-largest Bulgarian Danubian island, Kozloduy Island. The city is also known for the ship Radetzky, the boat in which the poet and revolutionary Hristo Botev and with 200 others crossed the Danube River in a final attempt to gather an army and liberate Bulgaria from the Ottoman Empire.
History
The earliest official data show that Kozloduy was populated in the 16th century. It is in the burial mounds where traces of a Thracian dwelling center that existed in the first millennium BC remain. Later on the big Roman roadway along the Danube passed through these places. The remains of the Roman castella (i.e. castles) Magura piatra (or Regianum), Camistrum and Augusta testify to this.
In this region there are three historic trenches which were later called Lomski, Ostrovski and Kozloduiski where a military garrison of Khan Asparukh was placed.
In the 18th century the settlement was marked as Kotozluk and Kozludere ("a low coomb") and later Kozloduy ("an angle of ice blocks").
On 17 May 1876 Hristo Botev's detachment landed at Kozloduy on the Radetski steamer.
On 23 November 1877 the 8th cavalry regiment under Commander Alexandru Perets liberated Kozloduy from the Ottomans. This cavalry was part of the Romanian Forces under the command of the Russian Imperial Army.
Construction of Kozloduy actually started with the construction of the first Nuclear Electric Power Station, which was started on 6 April 1970.
Location
The town is situated on the Danube river, which is the European Transport Corridor No.7. It is 80 km from the province center Vratsa and 200 km from the capital Sofia.
Economics and business
The municipality is one of the richest in Vratsa province (after Vratsa Municipality) and has a standard of living above the average for Bulgaria. The town is one of the best places in Bulgaria for entrepreneurship and starting business, as many qualified personnel from other parts of Bulgaria come to Kozloduy due to the Nuclear Power Plant. Kozloduy has a strategic location near transport corridors N.7, N.5, N.8 and N.9. Two large companies, one each in the construction and electronics sectors, are based in the town.
Notable people
Velichko Dobrev (1939 – 2006), scientist
Zvezdelin Minkov (born 1959), actor, imitator and humorist
Rumen Trifonov (born 1985), footballer
Julia Yurevich (born 1989), beauty pageant
Twin towns - sister cities
Kozloduy is twinned with:
Bechet, Romania
Bosilegrad, Serbia
Calafat, Romania
Whitehaven, England, United Kingdom
Population
Despite a steady population decline, Kozloduy is currently the second most populous city in the Vratsa Province (Vratsa is the first) with some 11,331 residents. Bulgarians make up the largest ethnic group, followed by residents of Turkish, Roma, Russian and Romanian background. Kozloduy has also attracted foreign visitors, as many nuclear power-related seminars are held in the town.
Honors
Kozloduy Cove in Robert Island, South Shetland Islands is named after Kozloduy.
References
Towns in Bulgaria
Populated places on the Danube
Populated places in Vratsa Province | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kozloduy |
The barred lambda ƛ, (in Unicode ), also called running man, is a modified letter of the Greek alphabet used in Americanist phonetic notation to transcribe . It was introduced in American Anthropologist in 1934:
A barred lambda is used in transcribing the Sahaptin language, e.g., iƛúpna ‘he jumped’. It occurs there less frequently than its ejective counterpart, e.g., iƛ’úna ‘he guessed right (in the bone game)’. It is also commonly used to represent this phoneme in several languages of the Caucasus.
In physics, it is used to represent the angular wavelength, i.e. the wavelength (λ) divided by 2π, which corresponds to the length taken up by one radian of the wave.
References
Latin-script letters
Phonetic transcription symbols | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barred%20lambda |
Alan Dunning is a Canadian artist based in Calgary, Alberta.
Since the eighties, he has produced monumental installations accompanied by artist books addressing the mutability of meaning and intertextuality. The late nineties marked a turning point for Dunning when he began in-depth research into immersive environments in virtual reality. "Since 1987, Dunning has been using a computer to gather an impressive bank of images and texts that he then disseminates according to parameters determined randomly. His installations revisit the "all-over" strategy in a conceptual form and often occupy a gallery's entire wall surface. Visitors simultaneously perceive the singularity of the details and the overall effect produced by their display. Yet the excess signifiers do not negate the narrative structure woven between all the elements".
The cycle of installations in The Einstein's Brain Project (1995–2001) is a major technological shift for Dunning that, nonetheless, re-examines his past conceptual concerns. In this project, beginning in 1995 with Paul Woodrow and a team of scientists from different fields, Dunning probes the new epistemological models that have developed thanks to technological advances in virtual reality. Currently, Dunning is working on a project with working title (WIW), Worlds in Worlds. Dunning plans to put together an immersive environment whose boundaries will be defined by the real dimensions of the room the participant is in. Dunning's interest in an Anatomically Lifelike Biological Interface, which operates via a model reproducing certain bio-anatomical functions, is leading him to pursue research on the properties of ferrofluids, liquid matter that can be altered by an electromagnetic field and modified by biological signals from the human body.
In 2002 the Daniel Langlois Foundation supported "Representations of the Body in Liquid Media Spaces", Alan Dunning's "technical and conceptual research into developing an interface prototype that places the human body in a discursive and media space without relinquishing the body's materiality".
Recent exhibitions have included: ACM Multimedia2005, Singapore, aniGama, Novosibirsk State Art Museum, Novosibirsk, Russia, Kitchener-Waterloo Art Gallery, Kitchener, Ontario, multimediale, Prague, Czech Republic, 404 Festival of Electronic Art, Rosario, Argentina, Ciber@rt, Bilbao, Spain, and Art Boat, Art Chicago 2004, Computer Art Congress 2008, Toluca & Mexico City, Mexico.
Dunning teaches at the Alberta University of the Arts.
References
Canadian installation artists
Artists from Calgary
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan%20Dunning |
Hallvard Vebjørnsson (Hallvard Den Hellige) ( 1020–1043), commonly referred to as Saint Hallvard (Sankt Hallvard), is the patron saint of Oslo. He is considered a martyr because of his defence of an innocent thrall woman. His religious feast day is 15 May.
The connection of St. Hallvard to the city of Oslo was evidenced by the fact that his image was recorded in the city's seal since the Middle Ages. The municipality's highest honor, the St. Hallvard Medal (St. Hallvard-medaljen), was named after him in 1950.
Background
Little is known of his life, and all traditional stories relate to his death near Drammen. Although the exact year of birth and place of his birth are unknown, he is commonly believed to have been born . According to tradition, his father was the farmer Vebjørn. His parents were wealthy farmers and owned the farm Husaby in Lier. His mother, Torny Gudbrandsdatter, was reportedly related to St. Olaf, the patron saint of Norway. It is said that she was the daughter of Gudbrand Kula from Oppland, who was also the father of Åsta Gudbrandsdatter, St. Olaf's mother.
Death
Hallvard defended a pregnant woman, most likely a thrall, who had been given sanctuary from three men accusing her of theft. Hallvard believed in her innocence and took her on his boat. Hallvard, together with the woman, were killed by arrows from the men. The woman was buried on the beach. Hallvard, however, was bound with a millstone around his neck, and the men attempted to sink his body in Drammensfjord but it refused to remain submerged and as a result their crimes were discovered. A local village buried him in a Christian manner and people came to regard him as a martyr to their faith.
Veneration
St. Hallvard's Cathedral (Hallvardskatedralen) in Oslo was dedicated to his name and his remains were relocated to the facility which was finished in 1130.
The cathedral was built on the hill just north of the area that is now the Old Town market square in Oslo (intersection of Bispegata –Oslo gate). For almost 500 years this was the most important church in the city. Besides being the bishop's seat and religious center, the cathedral was the coronation church, the royal wedding church and the royal burial chapel. The facility was in use as a church until about 1655. It fell into disrepair in the 17th century and is today a ruin situated in Minneparken.
15 May is celebrated as St. Hallvard's Day. This is also known as Oslo Day.
References
External links
St. Hallvard
Den hellige Hallvard
St. Hallvard's Day
Hl. Hallvard fra Lier
1020s births
1043 deaths
Norwegian Roman Catholic saints
11th-century Christian saints
11th-century Christian martyrs
People from Lier, Norway | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hallvard%20Vebj%C3%B8rnsson |
The Slough Trading Estate founded in Slough in Buckinghamshire in 1920, was an early business park in the United Kingdom. According to the estate's owners and operators, Segro, Slough Trading Estate consists of of commercial property in Slough and provides of accommodation to 500 businesses and has a working population of about 20,000 people. Slough Trading Estate is the largest industrial estate in single private ownership in Europe. There are over 600 buildings. The estate is home to 400 tenants from countries including the US, France, Italy, Japan, Germany and South Korea. Companies using the park include Fiat Group Automobiles, Centrica, Hibu, Electrolux, GSK, Mars Confectionery, Akzo Nobel, Virgin Media, O2, AxFlow UK, the datacentre operator Network-i and OKI Printing Solutions. It is also home to important small, medium and large businesses.
The estate's power station supplies heat and power to local customers by burning waste.
History
In June 1918, land to the west of Slough (now in Berkshire) and adjacent to the Great Western Railway main line, mainly forming part of Cippenham Court Farm but also including the site of an isolation hospital, was bought by the government to form a motor repair depot for army transport. The depot was intended to receive broken down vehicles by train from the battlefront, repair them, and return them to service.
The project was not regarded as a success. The depot was believed to be so urgent that construction work (eventually by construction company Sir Robert McAlpine) began in July 1918 without harvesting the crops on the land, but the site was still under construction when the armistice was agreed in November 1918.
Although the depot's fundamental purpose went with the end of the war, General Jan Smuts proposed a post-war use for the depot which was implemented. Rather than scrapping the many army surplus vehicles, they were sent to Slough for repair prior to sale. Because of this use, for many years (until at least the 1980s), the site was known locally and colloquially as 'the dump', and at the time of the depot's development it was also known as 'The White Elephant'.
Relations between management and workforce were so poor (partly due to the militancy of Wal Hannington) that in April 1920 the entire workforce was sacked. The Government Surplus Disposal Board sold the 2.7 square kilometre (600 acre) site and its contents (17,000 used cars, trucks and motorcycles, and 170,000 square metres (1.8 million sq ft) of covered workshops) for over seven million pounds. Sir Percival Perry, who had effectively established the British operations of the Ford Motor Company and who had been appointed Assistant Controller of the UK government's Agricultural Machinery Department during the war, and Sir Noel Mobbs, led the group of investors who acquired the depot, establishing the Slough Trading Co. Ltd.
Repair and sale of ex-army vehicles continued until 1925 when the Slough Trading Company Act was passed allowing the company (renamed Slough Estates Ltd) to establish an Industrial Estate. The existing army buildings were tenanted as factories, and additional units were built. Those on the Bath Road and Farnham Road frontages were designed with fundamentally uniform simple Art Deco offices on the front. Shared facilities were provided for workforce and employers, including a fire station, restaurant, shops and banks, a large community centre (1937) and the Slough Industrial Health Service (1947).
Early businesses established on the trading estate included Citroën (1926), Gillette, Johnson & Johnson and High Duty Alloys. In 1932, they were joined by Mars Ltd and Berlei (UK) Limited. In late 1933 the Slough Estates Journal reported there were 'more than 150 companies' based on the estate.
As the Trading Estate grew despite the depression of the 1920s and 1930s, people were attracted from all over the country to come and find work in Slough but the fast increase in population resulted in a shortage of housing. One solution was the construction of Timbertown, an estate of wooden single storey houses built adjacent to the site occupied by the Community Centre and now occupied by Herschel Grammar School. From the outside, the houses looked like an army barracks, but inside they were spacious and comfortable – with 3 bedrooms, a bathroom, a big kitchen and a living room. At the start, Timbertown was well cared for a popular community, with a shop, social hut and even a Sunday school but the buildings soon started to deteriorate. The wooden houses were never intended to be permanent and Timbertown was finally demolished in the 1930s to make way for new buildings.
From the late 1950s the estate became home to Gerry Anderson's AP Films, producing a string of successful puppet series for ATV.
In 1963 Ford set up Ford Advanced Vehicles on the estate to build the Ford GT40 racing sports car with design input from Eric Broadley of Lola Cars, who subsequently fell out with Ford and used the factory (which was in his company's name) to re-establish his independent operation. Ford moved to another factory on the Estate.
Until 1973, the estate had a railway directly linking the factories to Britain's railway system. A passenger service ran from Paddington and Slough stations to a separate station (accessed by a spur from the main line, separate from the freight access to the estate), until 1956.
In January 2008, the estate's power station was sold to Scottish and Southern Energy. As of 2018 the plant is being partially demolished for replacement by the Slough Multifuel facility, which will generate about 50 MW 'through burning waste-derived fuels made from various sources'.
Geography
Slough Trading Estate has a Local nature reserve on the Western border of the estate called Haymill Valley.
In popular culture
In 1937, English poet John Betjeman wrote his poem "Slough" in protest against the expansion of the Slough Trading Estate. The poem bemoans the loss of the area's rural character, and pillories English society's increasing consumerism and the sweatshop conditions caused by large-scale industrial development. An excerpt reads: "Come, friendly bombs and fall on Slough / It isn't fit for humans now...."
The original series of The Office is set on Slough Trading Estate. The opening sequence shows several locations in Slough and the Crossbow House building on the Trading Estate where fictional paper merchants Wernham Hogg are supposedly located. It is also referenced in the song "Slough" from the 2016 film David Brent: Life on the Road.
See also
SEGRO (formerly Slough Estates Ltd/plc)
Industrial park
References
External links
Slough Trading Estate Accessed 31 December 2006
SEGRO
Slough
Business parks of England
Industrial parks in the United Kingdom | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slough%20Trading%20Estate |
Teorema may refer to:
Teorema (film), 1968 film by Pier Paolo Pasolini
Teorema (journal), an academic journal of philosophy
Teorema (2007 song), by Miguel Bosé from the album Papitour
Teorema (1993 song), by Mina from the album Lochness
Teorema (1992 song), by Tony Tammaro from the album Da Granto Farò il Cantanto
Teorema (1985 song), by Legião Urbana from the album Legião Urbana (album)
Teorema (1981 song), by Marco Ferradini
Teorema (1976 song), by Brian Bennett, from the soundtrack of The Opening of Misty Beethoven
See also
Teorama, North Santander, Colombia
Theorema (disambiguation)
Theory (disambiguation)
Theorem | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teorema%20%28disambiguation%29 |
Jason Jones may refer to:
Sports
Jason Jones (baseball) (born 1976), American baseball outfielder
Jason Jones (footballer) (born 1979), Welsh professional footballer
Jason Jones (wide receiver) (born 1983), gridiron football wide receiver
Jason Jones (defensive end) (born 1986), National Football League player
Music
Jason Jones (musician) (born 1978), former lead singer of the band Drowning Pool
Jason Jones (country singer) (born 1994), country music artist
Jason Jones (The Voice singer)
Other
Jason Jones (actor) (born 1973), Canadian-American actor and comedian
Jason Jones (activist) (born 1964), Trinidadian activist
Jason Jones (activist/filmmaker) (born 1971), American film producer and anti-abortion activist
Jason Jones (programmer) (born 1971), computer game programmer, co-founder of Bungie
Jason Jones, suspected of an association with the murder of Jim Kitterman, another American in Baghdad
Jason Jones, bouncer, convicted of murder of Nisha Patel-Nasri in 2006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jason%20Jones |
Johannes Plavius (born c. 1600) was a German poet that most likely was born in Central German Thuringia, in Neuhausen (as he calls himself "M. Johannes Plavius Nehusâ Thüringus" in some works) or Plauen (Latinized to Plavia), from which his surname was derived.
At the end of 1624, he was part of a Dichterkreis (circle of poets ) in Danzig (Gdańsk) in Poland and called himself Magister (Master of Arts) for the first time in 1626. Danzig at the time had no university, so Plavius must have obtained his degree somewhere else, most likely Frankfurt/Oder since a Johannes Plavius Tyrigotanus ("Johannes Plavius Thuringian") is listed in the registers of the winter semester of 1621.
The pastor and poet Michael Albinus in Danzig (Gdańsk), who was born in nearby Pröbbenauin in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
, later wrote that Plavius was active as a private teacher, providing basic instruction in the Latin language. He may have operated one of the small, semi-official Latin schools in Danzig; one assumes that he had received the necessary educational license, because he had written his Praecepta logicalia in 1628. He was certainly close to scholars and students in the city, and he served as an influence to Andreas Gryphius. Plavius maintained relationships with other poets, such as Martin Opitz, Johann George Moeresius, and Peter Crüger. Plavius mentions Crüger in the opening letter to his Institutio Poetica. Crüger dedicated an extremely laudatory poem to Plavius, which appears in the preface to the Praecepta logicalia.
Plavius dedicated several poems to Susanne Nuber, the daughter of a Danzig minister. Moeresius was her brother-in-law, and Plavius dedicates some of his poems to him. These contacts were successful as Plavius may have wed Nuber by 1630.
Plavius dedicated his Lehrsonnete to the councilmen of Danzig: Denen ehrenvesten und vorachtbarn herren schöpffen-herren in der rechten Stat Dantzig, Hn Arnold Dilbert, Hn. Johann Roggauen, Hn. Valentin Rögelern, Hn. Michael Bachmann.
Plavius also maintained a relationship with a wealthy brewer from Danzig named Abraham Hoewelcke (1576–1649). Plavius would later mention Hoewelcke's son in the dedication to his Praecepta logicalia as Johannes Hoeffelius – better known as Johannes Hevelius, the astronomer.
The place and year of Plavius' death are unknown. The year of his death must have occurred after 1630.
Works
Epithalamien (1624), Danzig
Praecepta Logicalia (1628) publisher Andreas Hünefeld, Danzig
Institutio Poetica (1629)
Trauer und Treuegedichte ("Mourning and Loyalty Poems," sonnets) (1630). Printed by George Rhete, Danzig 1630
Danzig Dichterkreis, poets circle.
Sources
Plavius: Saemtliche Gedichte
Biographisches zu Plavius
Plavius' Lehr-Sonnette (Original sonnets)
Johannes Plavius, Vita
Notes
1600s births
Year of death missing
German poets
Writers from Thuringia
Writers from Gdańsk
European University Viadrina alumni
German male poets | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johannes%20Plavius |
Walter Henry Schang (August 22, 1889 – March 6, 1965) was an American professional baseball player and manager. He played in Major League Baseball as a catcher from to for the Philadelphia Athletics, Boston Red Sox, New York Yankees, St. Louis Browns and the Detroit Tigers.
Schang was the starting catcher for six American League pennant winning teams (Philadelphia Athletics (–), Boston Red Sox (), New York Yankees (–), and was considered one of the best major league catchers of his era, performing well both offensively and defensively. He was a switch-hitter who batted above .300 six times during his playing career and posted a career .393 on-base percentage, second only to Mickey Cochrane among major league catchers. In he became the first Major League Baseball player to hit a home run from both sides of the plate in the same game.
Standing 5-foot-10 inches tall and weighing 180 pounds, Schang was one of the new breed of catchers that emerged from the Deadball Era who used speed and agility to field their position. His reputation as a defensive stand out is enhanced because of the era in which he played. In the Deadball Era, catchers played a huge defensive role, given the large number of bunts and stolen base attempts, as well as the difficulty of handling every type of pitch imaginable, such as shine balls, spitballs, knuckleballs, and emery balls.
Career
Schang was born on August 22, 1889, in South Wales, New York, a small town approximately 25 miles southeast of Buffalo where, his parents worked as farmers. In 1912, while he was playing in the sandlots of upstate New York for the Buffalo Pullmans, he was discovered by George Stallings, who went on to manage the 1914 Miracle Braves. Schang began his major league career with the Philadelphia Athletics on May 9, 1913 at the age of 23. He played in 79 games and had a slashline of .266/.392/.415 (batting average/on-base percentage/slugging percentage) while walking 34 times to 44 strikeouts. He also finished eighth in the MVP voting. That year, the Athletics won the American League pennant and played in the 1913 World Series (the first of six appearances for Schang). In the five game defeat of the New York Giants, he hit .357 with five hits and seven RBIs in four games played, which included a home run in Game 3 (as it would turn out, this was the only postseason home run he ever hit). He played 107 games the following year and batted .287/.371/.404 with 45 RBIs while reducing his strikeouts to 33 (which nearly matched his walks of 32). For the fourth time in five seasons, the Athletics won the league pennant. They faced the Boston Braves, who were managed by Schang's mentor, George Stallings. The Braves would later be known as the "Miracle Braves" as they conducted a shocking sweep of Philadelphia. In the four-game sweep, he hit .167 with two hits.
The next three years for the Athletics and Schang were miserable, since manager/owner Connie Mack sold numerous pieces of his title teams to stay afloat (with the exception of players like Schang). He batted a combined .266/.369/.391 in those seasons with 118 RBIs while receiving more walks (133) than strikeouts (115). He was sold to the Boston Red Sox before the 1918 season. He played in 88 games (of a season shortened to send in September due to World War I) that year. While he batted .244, he maintained a consistent walk rate with 46 to 35 strikeouts while the Red Sox made the 1918 World Series. He played in five of the six games and batted .444 with four hits and an RBI. Schang was the regular catcher for that club, the last Red Sox team to win the title 2004. Soon afterwards, Boston owner Harry Frazee sold Babe Ruth to the New York Yankees. He played 113 games in 1919 and batted .306 while reaching base at a .436 clip with 71 walks to 42 strikeouts with 101 hits (the first time he cracked the century mark in that category). In 1920, he hit .305/.413 with 64 walks to 37 strikeouts with another 50 RBI season (51) and 100-hit season (118). Schang followed Ruth in 1921 to the Yankees, becoming the first in the great string of Yankee catchers, including Bill Dickey, Yogi Berra, Elston Howard and Thurman Munson.
Schang served as the Yankees' regular catcher for three straight American League pennants. He played a career high in games played with 134 in 1921, and he batted .316/.428/.453 with a career high 78 walks (to 35 strikeouts) with 53 RBIs and 134 hits (also a career high). The Yankees made it to the 1921 World Series for the first time in history that year, facing the Giants. In eight games, Schang threw out 9 attempted stolen bases and batted .286 with six hits and one RBI (his last), but the Yankees lost the Series. He played 124 games in 1922 with a .319/.405/.412 slashline with 52 RBIs, 130 hits, 53 walks and 36 strikeouts while finishing 13th in MVP voting. In the 1922 World Series (also against New York), he played five games and batted .188 with three hits in the series loss. He played just 84 games in 1923, batting .276 with 75 hits. In the 1923 World Series (another rematch with New York), the Yankees and Schang were victorious at last, and he batted .318 in six games with seven hits. In 1924, he played 114 games while batting .292/.382/.427 with 104 hits and 51 RBIs while finishing 11th in the MVP voting. The following year was his last with New York, and he played just 73 games with a .240/.310/.335 slashline. After the year, he moved to the St. Louis Browns, hitting a career-high .330 in his first season with St. Louis, as the team improved greatly, managing first-division finishes in 1928 and 1929. The following year, Schang returned to Philadelphia as a backup for Mickey Cochrane. The Athletics of 1930 were coming off a World Championship and repeated that year. It was the fourth title for Schang in his career, which ended the next season with the Detroit Tigers. He finished his career in 1931 at the age of 41, playing thirty games with fourteen hits.
In a 19-season career, Schang hit a .284 batting average with 59 home runs and 710 RBI in 1,842 games played. In 32 World Series games, he hit .287 (27-for-94) with one home run and eight RBI's.
When Schang was not catching, his managers usually played him in center field, right, or at third base, in order to keep his bat in the lineup. Schang's defensive work was also regarded as outstanding, although he holds the American League career record for most errors by a catcher, with 223.
After baseball
Following his major league career, Schang played for several seasons with Western Association and Canadian clubs, and then turned to managing in minor leagues. In 1945, he retired to a farm he operated at Dixon, Missouri, in the Ozark Mountains.
In March, 1965, Schang died in St Louis at age 75.
Legacy
In an nineteen-year major league career, Schang played in 1,842 games, accumulating 1,506 hits in 5,307 at bats for a .284 career batting average along with 59 home runs, 705 runs batted in and an on-base percentage of .393. He hit above .300 in six times during his career and appeared in at least 100 games in 10 seasons while being considered one of the premier catchers of the deadball era. In his book, The Bill James Historical Baseball Abstract, baseball historian Bill James ranked Schang 20th all-time among major league catchers. However, he fell short in the Baseball Hall of Fame ballot five times by the BBWAA voting (1948, 1950, 1956, 1958, 1960), receiving a peak of 4.1%.
1916 saw him have both a 20-game hitting streak and the first occasion of a player hitting home runs from both sides of the plate in the same game (September 9, 1916) Schang holds an American League game-record for catchers throwing out six potential base stealers (May 12, 1915) along with the league record for catchers with eight assists in a game (May 12, 1920). He caught pitches from numerous leading pitchers of the league in the first two decades of the 20th century, which included future Hall of Famers Chief Bender, Lefty Grove, Waite Hoyt, Herb Pennock, Eddie Plank and Babe Ruth.
Nearly a century after he retired, he still ranks highly among the all-time list of most career stolen bases at his position with 121 (eighth all-time), behind Roger Bresnahan (212), Ray Schalk (177), Jason Kendall (148), Red Dooin (133), Carlton Fisk (128), Iván Rodríguez (127), and Johnny Kling (123).
Trivia
In the early 20th century, when players with facial hair became a rarity in baseball, Wally Schang became the last major leaguer to sport a moustache, in 1914. After that, is reported that the first players to sport moustaches during the regular season were Dick Allen (St. Louis Cardinals) and Felipe Alou (Oakland Athletics), both in 1970.
References
External links
1889 births
1965 deaths
American expatriate baseball players in Canada
Boston Red Sox players
Detroit Tigers players
New York Yankees players
Philadelphia Athletics players
St. Louis Browns players
Major League Baseball catchers
Baseball players from New York (state)
Cleveland Indians coaches
Minor league baseball managers
Buffalo Bisons (minor league) players
Chattanooga Lookouts players
Shreveport Sports players
Tyler Sports players
Joplin Miners players
Muskogee Tigers players
Ottawa Senators (baseball) players
Trois-Rivières Renards players
Owensboro Oilers players
Augusta Tigers players
Utica Braves players
Marion Cardinals players | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wally%20Schang |
Castell Henllys (Welsh, "castle of the old court") is an archaeological site near Nevern in north Pembrokeshire, Wales.
The Iron Age hillfort has been the subject of an ongoing excavation since the start of the 21st century, accompanied by an exercise in reconstruction archaeology whereby experiments in prehistoric farming have been practised. Four roundhouses and a granary have been reconstructed on their original Iron Age foundations – some 2,000 years old – the hillfort the only site in Britain where this has been done. The Castell Henlyss site includes significant earthworks and fortifications.
During the summer the site provides training for young archaeologists and is a popular visitor attraction. It is owned by Pembrokeshire Coast National Park.
See also
List of hillforts in Wales
Butser Ancient Farm
Weald and Downland Living Museum
References
External links
Castell Henllys website
Celtic roundhouses at Castell Henllys
Castell Henllys at Gathering the Jewels
Photoraphs of Castell Henllys and surrounding area on Geograph
Hillforts in Pembrokeshire
Museums in Pembrokeshire
Open-air museums in Wales
Prehistoric sites in Pembrokeshire
Experimental archaeology
Archaeological museums in Wales | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castell%20Henllys |
The Witches () is a 1967 commedia all'italiana anthology film produced by Dino De Laurentiis in 1965. It consists of five comic stories, directed by Luchino Visconti, Franco Rossi, Pier Paolo Pasolini, Mauro Bolognini and Vittorio De Sica. Each story is about witches and features Silvana Mangano.
This is one of De Laurentiis' more eclectic films. Clint Eastwood also makes an appearance in the final story. It was the last film starring Totò to be released in his lifetime.
Segments
"The Witch Burned Alive"
A famous actress arrives in an Austrian chalet to spend an evening with friends. The woman is gotten drunk by the guests, and when she falls unconscious, friends remove her makeup to look at the imperfections of her face, always believed beautiful by her fans.
"Civic Spirit"
A man is wounded in a traffic accident. A woman stops the car and offers to take him to the hospital. The woman, however, only does this to pass the road traffic. When she arrives at her destination, she throws him out.
"The Earth Seen from the Moon"
This comic episode, directed by Pasolini, tells the story of a red-headed father and son, Ciancicato and Baciu Miao (Totò and Ninetto Davoli). Ciancicato has just lost his wife and wants to marry a new wife. Ciancicato finds a deaf girl among the shacks on the outskirts of Rome and makes her his bride. To buy a better house nearby, he concocts a plan for her to threaten to commit suicide (distraught by her sick children) by jumping from the Colosseum, and take a collection to save her, but she slips on a banana peel and falls, and is buried next to his former wife.
"The Sicilian Belle"
In this short episode, a Sicilian woman tells her father a man made a pass at her; he retaliates by massacring the family.
"An Evening Like the Others"
Clint Eastwood is a western movie lover who does not know how to change the flat relationship with his wife. One day the character disguises himself as a gunslinger to entertain his wife, but she is not impressed and he realizes that their relationship is broken forever. In the final scene, she imagines herself as a glamorous star, walking along in an evolving series of haute couture while being ogled by a growing crowd of middle-aged businessmen. She lastly dons a magnificent gown made of multiple layers of silk, each in a vibrant shade, which she peels away layer by layer.
Cast
"The Witch Burned Alive"
Silvana Mangano as Gloria
Annie Girardot as Valeria
Francisco Rabal as Paolo
Massimo Girotti as Sportsman
Véronique Vendell as Young Girlfriend
Elsa Albani as Gossip
Clara Calamai as Ex-Actress
Marilù Tolo as Waitress
Nora Ricci as Gloria's Secretary
Dino Mele as Dino, the Waiter
Helmut Berger (as Helmut Steinbergher) as Hotel Page
Bruno Filippini as Singer
Leslie French as Industrialist
"Civic Spirit"
Silvana Mangano as Woman in a Hurry
Alberto Sordi as Elio Ferocci
"The Earth Seen from the Moon"
Silvana Mangano as Assurdina Caì
Totò as Ciancicato Miao
Ninetto Davoli (as Nenetto Davoli) as Baciu Miao
Laura Betti as Male Tourist
Luigi Leoni as Female Tourist
Mario Cipriani as Priest
"The Sicilian Belle"
Silvana Mangano as Nunzia
Pietro Tordi as Nunzia's Father
"An Evening Like the Others"
Silvana Mangano as Giovanna
Clint Eastwood as Carlo
Valentino Macchi as Man at Stadium
Corinne Fontaine as Admirer
Armando Bottin as Nembo Kid
Gianni Gori as Diabolik
Paolo Gozlino as Mandrake the Magician
Franco Moruzzi as Sadik
Angelo Santi as Flash Gordon
Pietro Torrisi as Batman
Crew
"The Witch Burned Alive"
"Civic Spirit"
"The Earth Seen from the Moon"
"The Sicilian Belle"
"An Evening Like the Others"
Other crew
Release
Le streghe was never released outside of Europe as United Artists bought the film when Clint Eastwood's career began to ascend. United Artists decided not to release it in theaters but instead kept it in its library vault to prevent its viewing.
References
Bibliography
External links
Card + Videoclip "Le streghe" 1967
1965 films
1960s Italian-language films
Films directed by Franco Rossi
Films directed by Pier Paolo Pasolini
Films directed by Luchino Visconti
Films directed by Vittorio De Sica
Italian anthology films
Commedia all'italiana
Films directed by Mauro Bolognini
Films set in Austria
Films set in the Alps
Films set in Rome
Films set in Sicily
1967 comedy films
1967 films
Films scored by Ennio Morricone
Films with screenplays by Age & Scarpelli
Films with screenplays by Cesare Zavattini
Films about witchcraft
Films scored by Piero Piccioni
1965 comedy films
1960s Italian films
Colosseum | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Witches%20%281967%20film%29 |
Dakshinavarti shankha (), also referred to as Valampuri shankhu () and Sri Lakshmi shankha () is a sacred Hindu conch. It refers to the shell of a large sea snail from the Indian Ocean (a shell of the species Turbinella pyrum), but one that has a rare reverse-turning spiral.
The shankha is held with the spout (siphonal canal) pointed up; its spiral twists rightwards rather than the more common form, which twists leftwards.
Terminology
In scientific usage a dextral (, right) shell has the opening on the right, when viewed with the spire . The opposite is sinistral (, left). This is consistent with the terms for right-handed screws in engineering and physics. Most species of sea snail are dextral. Within a typically-dextral species, rare individuals may develop sinistral coiling.
In religious usage, the (sacred conch shell) is displayed spire . In this orientation, a common dextral shell has its opening on the left ().
It is rendered in Sanskrit, in Hindi, and shankhu in Tamil.
Authenticity
The true Lakshmi shankha is a rare sinistral Turbinella conch shell from the Indian Ocean, usually from Turbinella pyrum.
Other right-turning sea snail shells are often mistakenly sold and worshiped in place of the genuine shankha. One common substitution is the lightning whelk (Sinistrofulgur perversum, previously named Busycon perversum) from the Atlantic coast of North America. The real shankha has 3 to 7 ridges or plaits on its columella, whereas whelk shells have no such plaits.
The so-called "flower-bud opening test", and the "rice pulling test" (Valampuri said to rise up through a rice heap) are non scientific. The best authenticity test is to take an X-ray image of the Valampuri. Valampuries show some morphological variation depending on origin, and shells with mixed characters of two adjacent localities are seen.
In South India, people trust only the Rameshwaram type of Valampuries, and do not trust other varieties from the West Coast and Bay of Bengal, though these are also true Valampuries.
In South India, people specifically worship 'Gauri Valampuri'. This Valampuri shows small dark spots on its body whorl, near the conch cavity. These dots are of conch skin i.e. of periostrachum in the form of small dark coloured pustules firmly attached in very small ditch or cavities, and difficult to remove. In case such periostrachum pustules are removed, dark coloured spots still appear on the conch body. The Gauri Type (with periostrachum spots) of Valampuri is rare and is more expensive than other types.
Origin
Genuine Dakshinavarti Lakshmi Conches are only found in the Indian Ocean, between Myanmar (Burma) and Sri Lanka. The three main localities - near Rama Setu, Sri Lanka, and Ramishwaram to Tuticorin (rare); the Arabian Sea; and the Bay of Bengal. Shells from each locality show distinct morphological variations, although varieties showing mixed characters have been observed.
The main imitation (lightning whelks) mostly come from Florida and the Gulf of Mexico. This imitation is known as African Valampuri. Other than Busyconid species, few other species showing presence of folds in the cavity are wrongly mentioned as Dakshinavarti. These shells, though sinistral and possessing folds, are from other species.
Rarity
Varieties of Valampuri shells are defined by their locality. The three main localities are Rameshwar, Ram Setu, and Sri Lanka. The second is West Coast of India or Arabian Sea and the third is Bay of Bengal. All three types show variation.
Real Lakshmi Conch (right side spinning) are estimated to occur once per 100,000 conch shells. The shell of the lightning whelk almost always opens on the right (when viewed with the siphonal canal pointing upwards). Valampuries with five plaits or folds in its cavity are known as 'Panchajanya' and are rare.
Most of the Indian Valampuries show presence of orange coloured inner lip. Valampuries with Orange Brown innerlip and with Orange coloured stripes on the main body whorl are also seen. Completely milky-white Valampuries are rare and expensive. Gauri Valampuries showing presence of dark brown or black periostrachum (conch skin) spots near its cavity on main body whorl look beautiful and are rare and expensive. Giant Valampuries more than 10 kg are extremely rare. Valampuries more than 3 feet and many freak types in Dakshinsvarti have been reported.
Beliefs
The Lakshmi Conch is said to bring all manner of blessings, particularly material wealth. Ritual use may include bathing deities, drinking from the conch, or the use of mantras oriented to goddess Lakshmi. It is a wonderful object for Vastu offering high positive energy. It is believed to bring power, and mental and physical prosperity on the inner and external world. It also heals relationships, make them healthier.
See also
Conch
Melo melo
Shankha
References
Gastropods and humans
Hindu symbols
Commercial molluscs
Turbinellidae
Symbols of Indian religions | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakshinavarti%20shankha |
(born 13 February 1965, in Takamatsu, Kagawa Prefecture) is a Japanese television host and comedian. He is known as the boke of the manzai duo Utchan Nanchan with Teruyoshi Uchimura.
Career
In 1985, while attending the Yokohama Broadcasting Technical School, Kiyotaka was in the same class as Uchimura, Tetsurō Degawa and Masato Irie.
He decided to perform with Uchimura as a manzai duo and was given the name "Utchan, Nanchan" by his teacher, Keiko Utsumi. They appeared on The Birth of a Comedian! show (お笑いスター誕生!!). The next year they won the competition and received the "New Duo" award. In 1992 Utchan Nanchan won the Japanese Academy Award for "Best New Actors" for their role in the movie Cult Seven (七人のおたく). In 1999 they crossed the English Channel on their TV show, Utchan Nanchan's Urinari.
Nanbara had his first job as host in the puroresu and mixed martial arts variety show Ring Soul, which lasted from April 1994 to March 2000 in Asahi TV. He initially formed a host duo with Ken Ishiguro, but had to continue the show's tenure alone due to Ishiguro's movie schedule. His popularly in Ring Soul granted him special guest appearances in the All Japan Pro Wrestling Relay show and the game show Cult Q, where he introduced puroresu-themed quizzes.
On the 1998 television program The Real Side of Un'nan (in the episode broadcast on October 28, 1998 on TBS Television), personalities claiming to have experienced the Mariko Aoki phenomenon—including Nanbara, Maako Kido, Seiko Ito and Keisuke Horibe - carried out extensive tests that also featured experts. There was a big response to this broadcast, and the program featured special segments related to this topic on multiple occasions thereafter (such as in the episode broadcast on January 20, 1999).
In 2001 he led the comedy musical group Happa-tai, whose song "Yatta" became an internet meme. After releasing the song, Nanbara became a member of Japanese musical group Memory Cats.
From 1998 to current day, Nanbara works as a host to the Asahi TV sports show Get Sports, along with former football player Tetsuo Nakanishi.
References
External links
1965 births
Living people
People from Kagawa Prefecture
Japanese male comedians
People from Takamatsu, Kagawa | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiyotaka%20Nanbara |
Thumos (also commonly spelled 'thymos'; ) is the Ancient Greek concept of "spiritedness" (as in "a spirited stallion" or "spirited debate"). The word indicates a physical association with breath or blood and is also used to express the human desire for recognition. It is not a somatic feeling, as nausea and giddiness are.
History
Homer
In Homer's works, thumos was used to denote emotions, desire, or an internal urge. Thumos was a permanent possession of living man, to which his thinking and feeling belonged. When a Homeric hero is under emotional stress, he may externalize his thumos and converse with or scold it. Achilles, in the Iliad, cares for his own honour; he keeps gods and deities in his heart; "...the thunderous lord of Hera might grant you the winning of glory, you must not set your mind on fighting the Trojans, whose delight is in battle, without me. So you will diminish my honour (thumos)."
Democritus
Democritus used "euthymia" (i.e. "good thumos") to refer to a condition in which the soul lives calmly and steadily, being disturbed by no fear, superstition, or other passions. For Democritus euthymia was one of the root aspects of the goal of human life.
Plato
Plato's Phaedrus and his later work The Republic discuss thumos as one of the three constituent parts of the human psyche. In the Phaedrus, Plato depicts logos as a charioteer driving the two horses eros and thumos (erotic love and spiritedness are to be guided by logos). In the Republic (Book IV) soul becomes divided into (See Plato's tripartite theory of soul):
nous ("intellect", "reason"), which is or should be the controlling part which subjugates the appetites with the help of thumos.
thumos ("passion"), the emotional element in virtue of which we feel joy, amusement, etc. (the Republic IV, 439e);
epithumia ("appetite", "affection"), to which are ascribed bodily desires;
Plato suggested we have three parts of our soul, which in combination makes us better in our destined vocation, and is a hidden basis for developing our innate ideas. Thumos may draw from this to strengthen man with our reasoning, this tripartite division is as follows:
Reason (thoughts, reflections, questioning)
Spiritedness (ego, glory, honor) and
Desires (natural e.g. food, drink, sex vs unnatural e.g. money, power).
Contemporary views
Thymos and democracy: megalothymia and isothymia
"Megalothymia" refers to the need to be recognized as superior to others, while "isothymia" is the need to be recognized as merely equal to others. Both terms are neoclassical compounds, coined by Francis Fukuyama. In his book The End of History and the Last Man, Fukuyama mentions "thymos" in relation to liberal democracy and recognition. He relates Socrates' ideas about Thymos and desire to how people want to be recognized within their government. Problems emerge when other people do not recognize another's Thymos, and therefore do not provide the justice that it requires. In order for people to exist in harmony, Fukuyama argues, isothymia rather than megalothymia must be used to satisfy the human need for recognition. Any system that creates political inequality is necessarily feeding the megalothymia of some members while denying it to others. Fukuyama explains how Thymos relates to history with the example of anti-communism in relation to the Soviet Union, Eastern Europe, and China. He states, "We cannot understand the totality of the revolutionary phenomenon unless we appreciate the working of thymotic anger and the demand for recognition that accompanied communism's economic crisis."
In medicine
Hyperthymia, dysthymia, cyclothymia, and euthymia (medicine) are mental/behavioral conditions in modern psychology.
Cultural references
In Miguel de Cervantes's Don Quixote the knight has been described as driven by a spirited thymos or anger when his sense of self-worth is denigrated. He only recovers balance, a sense of justice, when he comes to abide among the Sarracens.
The Phi Theta Kappa honor society took the letter theta for thumos, representing the "aspiration" that they seek in their potential members.
Thymos is the name of an academic Journal of Boyhood Studies .
Thumos is the name of an American progressive doom/post-metal band whose music is based on the works of Plato .
See also
Amour-propre
Will to power
References
Concepts in ancient Greek philosophy of mind
Platonism
Mental states
Words and phrases with no direct English translation | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thumos |
WJML (1110 AM) is a radio station licensed to Petoskey, Michigan, which is owned by John Yob, through licensee Mitten News LLC.
History
Signing on
In somewhat of a rarity, WJML-FM 98.9 started first, on December 7, 1965, since in most situations, the AM station is usually the first to sign on. In the beginning, the station was an automated MOR format, with one live DJ, Bill Supernaw, in the morning (Supernaw is now the owner of the Cinema III movie theatre in Charlevoix). The station was owned by a Chicago broadcaster who named his station after his three children, John, Michael and Linda. It was one of northern Michigan's first-ever FM stations, and since many folks did not have an FM radio at the time, an AM station, WJML (1110 AM) was born on December 6, 1966. WJML was at the time the strongest AM station in northern Michigan during the daytime at 10 kW. However, the station was daytime only.
2010s
On May 29, 2015, WJML's FM repeater in Charlevoix, W235CL on 94.9, signed on, providing 24/7 daytime coverage to the immediate Charlevoix area, with 250 watts of power. Effective August 8, 2016, W235CL moved to 101.1 FM in Traverse City, as W266CS. On January 31, 2017, WJML, WJNL and W266CS were sold to John Yob's Mitten News LLC for $700,000; the sale was consummated on May 23, 2017.
As of May 13, 2018, WJML can now be heard on WWMN 106.3 in Thompsonville, WYPV 94.5 in Mackinaw City and WHAK 960 in Rogers City.
2020s
On June 22, 2020, WWMN and WYPV changed their simulcasts to that of album-oriented rock-formatted WQON, and no longer broadcast WJML on their signals.
In June 2022, WJML went silent.
Previous logos
References
Michiguide.com - WJML History
External links
Radio stations established in 1966
JML
1966 establishments in Michigan | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WJML |
High Speed Digital Spirit Processing is the second album by PAX, a side project of Sevren Ni-arb from X Marks the Pedwalk and former X Marks the Pedwalk producer AL/X/S. The album peaked at #22 on the CMJ RPM Charts in the U.S.
Track listing
"Visual Effect" – 4:12
"Tesselated Parts" – 4:16
"Tempted Rose" – 6:29
"Accolyte" – 6:36
"Drip" – 6:29
"The Providence" – 6:03
"Frozen Landscape" – 4:51
"Outfaced!" – 5:28
"Antafagosta" – 5:14
"Be Prepared" – 5:02
"Accolyte (Dark Illumination Remix)" – 7:03
"Accolyte (Funker Vogt Remix)" – 4:52
References
X Marks the Pedwalk albums
1998 albums
Zoth Ommog Records albums | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High%20Speed%20Digital%20Spirit%20Processing |
Fünf Sterne deluxe (“Five Stars Deluxe”) is a German-language hip-hop band from Hamburg, Germany, founded in mid-1997, consisting of the rappers Das Bo (Mirko Bogojevic) and Tobi Tobsen (Tobias Schmidt), the graphic designer Marcnesium (Marc Clausen), and the disc jockey DJ Coolmann (Mario Cullmann).
The group released two full-length albums (Sillium and Neo.Now) and a number of singles and EPs until the break-up in 2004. DJ Coolmann left the band in 2003 for unknown reasons, while the remaining members continued to perform until late 2004 when the group was formally dissolved. In 2013 the original lineup performed at the “Beats auf der Bahn” festival in Hamburg. Two years later they signed a new record deal with Warner Music Group. The third album called Flash was released on 6 October 2017.
Band history
In the mid 90s, Das Bo and Tobi Tobsen had already made an impression in the German hip-hop scene as Der Tobi & Das Bo with their album Genie und Wahnsinn liegen dicht beieinander and the accompanying singles "Der Racka" and "Morgen geht die Bombe hoch". Tobi had also been a member of the English-language hip-hop crew Poets of Peeze and a founding member of Fettes Brot. They released another album, Genies & Wahnsinn... (Wir sind die Best Ofs) and two further singles, "Is' mir egal" and "Wir sind die Besten", before teaming up with Marcnesium (who had been working with DJ Koze under the name Adolf Noise) and DJ Coolmann to form Fünf Sterne deluxe. Marcnesium is a professional graphic designer, who primarily worked on the visual aspects of the band and was rarely involved with the actual music production. Live, he often played a sampler and supported the two rappers with vocal samples that he modified with an attached vocoder.
Sillium
In 1998, the first Fünf Sterne deluxe album Sillium featuring the singles "5 Sterne Deluxe", "Willst du mit mir gehn" and "Dein Herz schlägt schneller" was released. Both the album and the singles entered the German charts. The lyrics of Fünf Sterne deluxe were always lighthearted, apparently never to be taken seriously and very humorous, which made them just as controversial among "real" hip-hop fans as the previous band "Der Tobi & Das Bo" had been. In numerous television appearances that year, they managed to cement their public image and confused as well as astonished audiences with their entertainment skits, which were a large part of the group's charm. Outside Fünf Sterne deluxe, DJ Coolmann took care of his own label "Hong Kong Records", and released the albums Music for Space Tourism Vol.1 (1995) and The Big Tilt (1998) under the Visit Venus moniker.
1999 saw the release of the single "Ja Ja,... deine Mudder" (the title being a German equivalent of "yo mama"), which marked a comeback after a period of relative quietness. Having already announced a solo album for the April 1998, Das Bo released an EP called "Türlich Türlich, sicher Dicker / Nur der Zorn zählt". The release coincided with the new Fünf Sterne deluxe single "Die Leude", but was more successful, selling 220,000 units and introducing Das Bo to mainstream listeners. Neo.Now, the second Fünf Sterne deluxe album, was released the same year, but only saw limited sales and did not live up to Sillium'''s success. Other hip-hop groups with tougher music, lyrics and attitude managed to capture more of the target audience's attention, with Fünf Sterne's more comical approach falling out of fashion. At the end of 2000, the fan club CD Alles muss raus - Die zähe Pampe aus drei Jahren Hirnforschung was released. It featured 28 unreleased tracks and remixes and came bundled with a Fünf Sterne-branded skateboard. DJ Coolmann left the band in 2003 for unknown reasons and remains an active DJ in the Hamburg club scene.
Further historyFünf Sterne deluxe tried another comeback in 2004 with the EP "Wir sind im Haus", which failed to arouse much interest. They also performed on the Hurricane Festival for the second time after 2001. A third album was planned, the band officially folded at the end of 2004.
After a rather long creative pause, Das Bo released his solo album Best of III - Alleine in 2004, which featured the singles "Seid Ihr bereit für Das Bo" and "Ich hab Rap für Dich". It featured a rather different and mellow sound than listeners expected after the Miami bass-style Türlich Türlich... sicher Dicker of 2000. The album did not sell well and Das Bo subsequently parted ways with his record company Yo Mama. In 2005, Das Bo toured with Deichkind and made guest appearances on the singles "Wie geil ist das denn??" by Jansen & Kowalski and "Ey Yo" by DJ Tomekk. He also dissed his former record label on Samy Deluxe's mixtape "So deluxe, so glorious".
After several singles and remixes, Tobi Tobsen's electronic music project Moonbootica released a widely acclaimed album in 2005.
In 2013 Fünf Sterne Deluxe had their comeback on the Beats auf der Bahn Festival. In the following years they toured through many Festivals and the Single "Wer hat die dicksten Eier" was released as a free download. In 2015 the remix album AltNeu was released which contained remixes of their songs. In 2017 they released the Album "Flash".
Awards
In 2000 the band won the award COMET for best Hip Hop National''. The award is given by the German music television channel VIVA.
Discography
See also
German hip hop
List of German hip hop musicians
External links
former official band website (offline)
Solo artist sites:
Das Bo
Marcnesium
Moonbootica
Fünf Sterne Deluxe at laut.de
References
Musical groups from Hamburg
Hamburg hip hop
German hip hop groups | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%BCnf%20Sterne%20deluxe |
Vasant Panchami (), also rendered Vasanta Panchami and Saraswati Puja in honour of the Hindu goddess Saraswati, is a festival that marks the preparation for the arrival of spring. The festival is celebrated in Indian religions in different ways depending on the region. Vasant Panchami also marks the start of preparation for Holika and Holi, which take place forty days later. The Vasant Utsava (festival) on Panchami is celebrated forty days before spring, because any season's transition period is 40 days, and after that, the season comes into full bloom.
Nomenclature and date
Vasant Panchami is celebrated every year on the fifth day of the bright half of the Hindu lunisolar calendar month of Magha, which typically falls in late January or February. Spring is known as the "King of all Seasons", so the festival commences forty days in advance. It is generally winter-like in northern India, and more spring-like in central and western parts of India on Vasant Panchami, which gives credence to the idea that spring is actually in full bloom 40 days after the Vasant Panchami day.
The festival is particularly observed by Hindus in the Indian subcontinent, notably India and Nepal. It has been a historical tradition of Sikhs as well. In southern states, the same day is called Sri Panchami.
On the island of Bali and the Hindus of Indonesia, it is known as "Hari Raya Saraswati" (great day of Saraswati). It also marks the beginning of the 210-day long Balinese Pawukon calendar.
Hinduism
Saraswati Puja
Vasant Panchami is a festival of Hindus and Sikhs that marks the beginning of preparations for the spring season. It is celebrated by people in various ways depending on the region. Vasant Panchami also marks the start of preparation for Holika and Holi, which occur forty days later. For many, Vasant Panchami is the festival dedicated to goddess Saraswati who is their goddess of knowledge, language, music, and all arts. She symbolizes creative energy and power in all its forms, including longing and love. The season and festival also celebrate the agricultural fields' ripening with yellow flowers of mustard crop, which Hindus associate with Saraswati's favorite color. People dress in yellow saris or shirts or accessories, share yellow-colored snacks and sweets. Some add saffron to their rice and then eat yellow cooked rice as a part of an elaborate feast.
Many families mark this day by sitting with babies and young children, encouraging their children to write their first words with their fingers, and some study or create music together. The day before Vasant Panchami, Saraswati's temples are filled with food so that she can join the celebrants in the traditional feasting the following morning. In temples and educational institutions, statues of Saraswati are dressed in yellow and worshiped. Many educational institutions arrange special prayers or pujas in the morning to seek the blessing of the goddess. Poetic and musical gatherings are held in some communities in reverence for Saraswati.
In Eastern India, primarily in the states of West Bengal, Bihar, Tripura and Assam, as well as in Nepal, people visit Saraswati temples and also worship Goddess Saraswati at home (Saraswati Puja). In West Bengal, it's one of the major festivals for Bengali Hindus and observed by many households; most schools arrange Saraswati puja for their students on their premises. In Bangladesh too, all major educational institutes and universities observe it with a holiday and a special puja.
In the state of Odisha, the festival is celebrated as Basanta Panchami/Sri Panchami /Saraswati Puja. Homas and Yagnas are done in schools and colleges across the state. Students celebrate Saraswati puja with great sincerity and fervor. Usually, children four and five years old start learning on this day in a unique ceremony named 'Khadi-Chuan' or 'Vidya-Arambha'. - this is known as "Haate-Khori" among Bengali Hindus.
In southern states such as Andhra Pradesh, the same day is called Sri Panchami where "Sri" refers to her as another aspect of the one goddess Devi.
Other deities
Another legend behind Vasant Panchami is based on the Hindu god of love called Kama. Pradyumna is Kamadev personified in Krishna's Book. Thus Vasant Panchami is also known as "Madana Panchami". Pradyumna is the son of Rukmini and Krishna. He awakens the passions of the earth (and its people) and thus the world blooms anew.
It is remembered as the day when the Seers (Rishis) approached Kama to wake up Shiva from his Yogic meditation. They support Parvati who is doing a penance to get Shiva as husband and seek Kama's help to bring Shiva back from his meditation to worldly desires. Kama agrees and shoots arrows, made of flowers and bees, at Shiva from his heavenly bow of sugarcane in order to arouse him to pay attention to Parvati. Lord Shiva awakens from his meditation. When his third eye opens, a fireball is directed to Kama. Kama the Lord of desires is burnt to ashes. This initiative is celebrated by Hindus as Vasant Panchami.
Vasant Panchami is associated with the emotions of love and emotional anticipation in Kutch (Gujarat) and is celebrated by preparing bouquets and garlands of flowers set with mango leaves, as a gift. People dress in saffron, pink, or yellow and visit each other. Songs about Krishna's pranks with Radha, considered to mirror Kama-Rati, are sung. This is symbolized with the Hindu deity Kama with his wife Rati.
Traditionally, in Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and Uttar Pradesh, after bathing in the morning, people worship Shiva and Parvati. Offerings of mango flowers and the ears of wheat are traditionally made.
Deo temple: Sun God
The shrine of the Sun God in Aurangabad district, Bihar known as the Deo-Sun Shrine, was established on Basant Panchami. The day is celebrated to commemorate the founding of the shrine by King Aila of Allahabad and the birthday of the Sun-Deo God. The statues are washed and old red clothes on them are replaced with new ones on Basant Panchami. Devotees sing, dance and play musical instruments.
Other
People celebrate the day by wearing yellow (white), eating sweet dishes and displaying yellow flowers in homes. In Rajasthan, it is customary for people to wear jasmine garlands. In Maharashtra, newly married couples visit a temple and offer prayers on the first Basant Panchami after the wedding. wearing yellow dresses. In the Punjab region, Sikhs and Hindus wear yellow turban or headdress. In Uttarakhand, in addition to Saraswati Puja, people worship Shiva, Parvati as the mother earth and the crops or agriculture. People eat yellow rice and wear yellow. It is also a significant school supplies shopping and related gift-giving season.
In the Punjab region, Basant is celebrated as a seasonal festival by all faiths and is known as the Basant Festival of Kites. Children buy dor (thread) and guddi or patang (kites) for the sport. The people of the Punjab wear yellow clothes and eat yellow rice to emulate the yellow mustard (sarson) flower fields, or play by flying kites. According to Desai (2010), the tradition of flying kites on various festivals is also found in northern and western Indian states: Hindus in Rajasthan and especially in Gujarat associate kite flying with the period prior to Uttarayan; in Mathura (Uttar Pradesh), kites are flown on Dussehra; in Bengal kite flying takes place on Viskwakarma Puja in September. The sport is also found in Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and parts of south India.
On Bali and among Indonesian Hindus, Hari Raya Saraswati (the festival's local name) is celebrated with prayers in family compounds, educational institutions, and public venues from morning to noon. Teachers and students wear brightly coloured clothes instead of their usual uniforms, and children bring traditional cakes and fruit to school for offerings in a temple.
Sikhism
Namdhari Sikhs have historically celebrated Basant Panchami to mark the beginning of spring. Other Sikhs treat it as a spring festival, and joyfully celebrate it by wearing yellow colored clothes, emulating the bright yellow mustard flowers in the fields.
Maharaja Ranjit Singh, the founder of the Sikh Empire, encouraged the celebration of Basant Panchami as a social event in the Gurdwaras. In 1825 CE he gave 2,000 rupees to the Harmandir Sahib Gurdwara in Amritsar to distribute food. He held an annual Basant fair and sponsored kite flying as a regular feature of the fairs. Maharaja Ranjit Singh and his queen Moran would dress in yellow and fly kites on Basant Panchami. Maharaja Ranjit Singh would also hold a darbar or court in Lahore on Basant Panchami which lasted ten days when soldiers would dress in yellow and show their military prowess.
In the Malwa region, the festival of Basant Panchami is celebrated with wearing of yellow dress and kite flying. In Kapurthala and Hoshiarpur, a Basant Panchami fair is held. People attend the fair wearing yellow clothes, turbans or accessories. Sikhs also remember the martyrdom of the child Haqiqat Rai on Basant Panchmi, who was arrested by the Muslim ruler Khan Zakariya Khan after being falsely accused of insulting Islam. Rai was given the choice of converting to Islam or death and, having refused conversion, was executed on the Basant Panchami of 1741 in Lahore, Pakistan.
Nihangs go to Patiala on Basant Panchami and dress in pink and yellow on the month of Vaisakh (not only Basant Panchami day).
Pakistan
Kite flying in Lahore goes back centuries. After creation of Pakistan it evolved into a highly competitive sport which is not limited to "basant" only. There are regional teams, competitions, and trophies. Kite And string making is an industry all over central Punjab providing livelihood to thousands.
Given the shared history and culture in the Indian subcontinent, the Punjabi Muslims in and around Lahore also celebrate kite flying as a sport in Pakistan from home rooftops during the Basant season.
Sufi Muslim Basant
According to Lochan Singh Buxi, Basant Panchmi is a Hindu festival adopted by some Indian Muslim Sufis in the 12th century to mark the grave of the Muslim Sufi saint dargah of Nizamuddin Aulia in Delhi and ever since, has been observed by the Chishti order. According to local Sufi traditions, the poet Amir Khusrau saw Hindu women carry yellow flowers to a temple on Basant and they were dressed in yellow, and he adopted their culture to give some happiness to Nizamuddin Aulia because his nephew died few days ago and he was not recovering from grief, one the Chishti order of Sufi Indian Muslims continue to practice.
Controversy
Vasant Panchami has been a historic occasion of dispute at the archaeological site of Bhojshala (Dhar, Madhya Pradesh) with evidence of an early Saraswati temple (locally called Waghdevi). On the site of Bhojshala is a later era Kamal-Maula mosque, which Muslims use for Friday prayers. The Archeological Survey of India (ASI) has provided annual guidelines, when the Vasant Panchami festival falls on a Friday, announcing hours when Hindus can worship at Bhojshala on Vasant Panchami, and when Muslims can. However, in past years, the Muslim community scheduled earlier has refused to vacate the premises, leading to riots and disorder such as in the 1980s and 1990s.
See also
Vasanta (Ritu)
References
"Vasant Panchmi", a book by Anurag Basu.
"Kite Festival" by Sanjeev Narula.
Saraswati Puja: Quotes, Wishes, Mantras, Images, Songs
Hindu festivals
Religious festivals in India
Hindu festivals in Nepal
January observances
February observances
Festivals in Indonesia
Festivals in West Bengal
Festivals in Odisha
Public holidays in Nepal
Spring festivals in India
Hindu festivals in India
Observances set by the Pawukon calendar
Days celebrating love | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasant%20Panchami |
Kotel ( , ) is a town in central Bulgaria, part of Sliven Province. It is the administrative centre of the homonymous Kotel Municipality. In 2016, the town had a population of 5,329.
Kotel is known for the numerous personalities of the Bulgarian National Revival who are connected to the town in various ways, such as the politicians Alexander Bogoridi and Stefan Bogoridi, the enlighteners Sophronius of Vratsa and Petar Beron, public figure Gavril Krastevich, revolutionary Georgi Rakovski, as well as the World War II prime minister Dobri Bozhilov. It has a well-known music school and a large Romani population who can be found playing in restaurants and orchestras all over Bulgaria. Because of its location in the mountains, Kotel is also a popular health resort for the cure of diseases such as tuberculosis. Kotel has been a center for carpet making and there is a museum devoted to the craft.
Geography
The town is located in East Stara planina.
Landmarks
Zlosten protected area
Urushki skali protected area
Eagle Caves protected area
History
Kotel was settled during the beginning of the Ottoman occupation of Bulgaria, when people fled from neighboring cities and towns. The earliest information about the town is found in an Ottoman Turkish register from 1486. In 1894, much of Kotel was destroyed in a fire.
Honour
Kotel Gap on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, is named after Kotel.
Culture
Education
Kotel Literary School was established in the 16th century. Sophronius of Vratsa is a prominent representative of this school.
Filip Kutev's National School for Folk Arts
Georgi Rakovski high school
Saglasie-Napredak 1870 cultural center
The Saglasie-Napredak 1870 cultural center was founded in 1870.
Agriculture
There is a strong sheep farming tradition in the region, which includes the practice of transhumance, migrating the sheep from lowland winter pastures to mountain summer pastures. This was profiled in a BBC Radio 4 documentary.
Notable residents
Georgi Sava Rakovski, revolutionary
Petar Beron, scientist, philosopher and educator
Gavril Krastevich, governor General of Eastern Rumelia
Stefan Bogoridi, prince of Samos
Sophronius of Vratsa, theologian, Bulgarian nationalist
Gallery
References
External links
Kotel History
Towns in Bulgaria
Populated places in Sliven Province | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kotel%2C%20Bulgaria |
Millard Dean Fuller (January 3, 1935 – February 3, 2009) was the co-founder and the former president of Habitat for Humanity International, a nonprofit organization known globally for building houses for those in need. Fuller also was the founder and president of The Fuller Center for Housing. Fuller was widely regarded as the leader of the modern-day movement for affordable housing and had been honored for his work in the United States and abroad.
Personal life
Fuller was born in Lanett, Alabama, on January 3, 1935, to Render and Estin Cook Fuller. Render was employed by Lanett Bleachery and Dye Works and Estin was a homemaker. Estin died in 1938 at age 27 and Render was remarried in 1941 to Eunice Stephens. Render became self-employed with a small grocery store, ice cream shop and cattle farming. Fuller had two half-brothers by stepmother Eunice, Nick and Doyle. Nick died in 2006.
Fuller majored in economics at Auburn University ('57) and received a law degree from the University of Alabama ('60). He married Linda Caldwell of Tuscaloosa, Alabama, in 1959. A successful businessman and lawyer, Fuller became a self-made millionaire by age 29. In 1968, after giving up their wealth to refocus their lives on Christian service, Fuller and his wife, Linda, moved with their children to an interracial farming community in southwest Georgia. Koinonia Farm, founded by Clarence Jordan in 1942, became home to the Fuller family for five years until they moved to Zaire (now the Democratic Republic of the Congo) as missionaries in 1973 with the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ).
Upon returning to the United States, the Fullers began a Christian ministry at Koinonia Farm building simple, decent houses for low-income families in their community using volunteer labor and donations, and requiring repayment only of the cost of the materials used. No interest was charged, as it is with traditional mortgages, and no profit was made. These same principles guided the Fullers in expanding this ministry, called Partnership Housing, into a larger scale ministry known as Habitat for Humanity International. That vision was expanded in 2005 in the founding of a new non-profit housing organization, The Fuller Center for Housing.
Fuller died unexpectedly on February 3, 2009, while en route to the hospital in nearby Albany, Georgia, aged 74.
The housing movement
Koinonia Farm
In 1965, the Fuller family stopped to visit friends at Koinonia Farm on a road trip from NYC. After spending several hours with the intentional community's founder, Clarence Jordan, Millard and Linda decided to stay and began a relationship with Jordan that ultimately led to the creation of Habitat for Humanity.
Jordan espoused an expression of Christianity which motivated him and the Fullers to seek ways to express God's love to their poorer neighbors. Koinonia Farm became Koinonia Partners in 1968 as the small community undertook several new projects, the primary focus of which was Partnership Housing. Believing that what the poor needed was capital, not charity, Jordan and Millard Fuller, along with other members of the Koinonia community, planned to develop a revolving "Fund for Humanity" which would take in donations that would be used to purchase building materials. Volunteer laborers would construct simple, decent houses along with the families who would eventually own the houses. The homeowners would then repay the cost of the materials to the Fund for Humanity at 0% interest. In this way, the work was not a give-away program and the funds repaid were then used to begin work on additional houses.
Zaire
Fuller moved his family to Zaire in 1973 to implement the ideals of Partnership Housing in the African context. Again, as missionaries of the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), the Fullers began work in Mbandaka, a city of extreme poverty in the western part of the country. Among other projects, Fuller developed and oversaw what would be the first step in the international housing ministry. Undeveloped land in the center of Mbandaka was given by the government for the purpose of building a 100-house development. The units were constructed and sold to families using the Fund for Humanity and additional projects were planned before the Fullers returned to the United States in 1976.
Habitat for Humanity
The possibility of utilizing the Fund for Humanity to address housing needs in the United States on a broader scale began in San Antonio, Texas, in 1976. Concerned residents worked with Fuller to develop a program similar to that in Zaire, using volunteer labor to construct affordable, safe houses for needy families in San Antonio's slums. Soon the idea took hold in Appalachia, and by 1981, just five years from its inception, Habitat for Humanity had affiliates in fourteen states and seven foreign countries.
In early 1984, Millard courted the man who would become Habitat's most famous volunteer, President Jimmy Carter. A native of Plains, Georgia, just a few miles from Habitat's headquarters in Americus, Georgia, Carter gave not only his name and reputation to the new non-profit, but his own resources as well. Jimmy and Rosalynn Carter would make financial contributions regularly, but most significantly to Habitat, they would develop the Jimmy Carter Work Project, an annual week-long effort of building Habitat homes all over the world. The Carters participated all week at these events which came to attract thousands of volunteers each year.
The Carters' involvement with Habitat for Humanity propelled the organization to even faster growth. By 2003, Habitat affiliates worldwide had built over 150,000 homes and were active in 92 nations.
Disputes between Fuller and the Habitat International board of directors regarding the direction of the organization came to a head in 2004. He and Linda were fired in March 2005 amid allegations of inappropriate behavior by him directed toward a female employee and conflicting opinions about future plans for Habitat's expansion. Sexual abuse allegations had been made by numerous women in the 1990s and 2000s. In the 1990s, Fuller was reprimanded by the Habitat Board of Directors after several women came forward. Those complaints were settled internally, but Fuller was warned. When a subsequent new allegation was made about an incident in 2003, Fuller was forced to resign.
John Wieland, a Georgia developer who has built 26 houses for Habitat for Humanity and donated more than $500,000 to the organization, who was on the board in 1990-91, said this: "Our conclusion was that Millard was a hugger and was misinterpreted, and some people went out of their way to make something big out of something that wasn't really that big".
Fuller continued his work in the housing movement with the establishment of the Fuller Center for Housing in April 2005. He expanded on the foundation of Habitat by encouraging communities to create "collaborative and innovative partnerships" to address the housing needs of the most needy in communities. He continued to travel extensively, speaking at Habitat affiliates and Fuller Center Covenant Partnerships to raise awareness, funds and volunteers in his effort to eradicate poverty housing from the face of the earth.
Fuller had a simple burial and is buried on the grounds of Koinonia Farm.
Recognition
Fuller was the recipient of numerous awards and more than 50 honorary degrees. In September 1996, United States President Bill Clinton awarded him the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the nation's highest civilian honor, and said, "Millard Fuller has done as much to make the dream of homeownership a reality in our country and throughout the world as any living person. I don't think it's an exaggeration to say that Millard Fuller has literally revolutionized the concept of philanthropy." In 1998, Fuller received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement. In 1999, Fuller received the Award for Greatest Public Service Benefiting the Disadvantaged, an award given out annually by Jefferson Awards. In October 2005, the Fullers were honored by former President George H. W. Bush and the Points of Light Foundation with a bronze medallion embedded in The Extra Mile national monument in Washington, DC.
Bibliography
Building Materials for Life, Volume III (Smyth & Helwys Publishing, Inc., 2007). .
Building Materials for Life, Volume II (Smyth & Helwys Publishing, Inc., 2004). .
Building Materials for Life, Volume I (Smyth & Helwys Publishing, Inc., 2002). .
More Than Houses: How Habitat for Humanity Is Transforming Lives and Neighborhoods (Word, Inc., 2000). .
A Simple, Decent Place to Live: The Building Realization of Habitat for Humanity (Word, Inc., 1995). .
The Theology of the Hammer (Smyth & Helwys Publishing, Inc., 1994). .
The Excitement Is Building (Word Publishing, 1990). . Co-authored with Linda Fuller.
No More Shacks!: The Daring Vision of Habitat for Humanity (Word Publishing, 1986). . Co-authored with Diane Scott.
Love in the Mortar Joints (New Century Publishers, Inc., 1980). .
Bokotola (New Century Publishers, Inc., 1977). .
References
External links
The Fuller Center for Housing official website
"Millard Fuller, 1935-2009" in New Georgia Encyclopedia
"Habitat for Humanity Founder Honored in Circle City" PHP Network
"In Monument-Cluttered District, A Creative Way to Pay Homage" in The Washington Post
"Millard Fuller, 74, Who Founded Habitat for Humanity, Is Dead" in The New York Times
Millard Fuller Obituary at Legacy.com
"Habitat for Humanity Founder Millard Fuller Dies at 74" in Christianity Today
"Habitat for Humanity Founder Built His Dreams, Others' Homes" in The Washington Post
"Millard Fuller dies at 74; Habitat for Humanity founder" in the Los Angeles Times
MikeyPod Podcast interview with Millard Fuller
1935 births
2009 deaths
People from Lanett, Alabama
Alabama lawyers
American Congregationalist missionaries
American Disciples of Christ
American humanitarians
Auburn University alumni
Congregationalist missionaries in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients
University of Alabama School of Law alumni
Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) missionaries
Habitat for Humanity people
American expatriates in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Activists from Alabama
20th-century American lawyers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millard%20Fuller |
Blasphemy Made Flesh is the debut album by Canadian death metal band Cryptopsy. The album was released in 1994, re-released in 1997 by Displeased Records, and also re-released in 2001 by Century Media with a different cover. It is the only album to feature bassist Martin Fergusson.
Track listing
All songs written and arranged by Cryptopsy.
Personnel
Cryptopsy
Lord Worm – vocals
Jon Levasseur – lead and rhythm guitars
Steve Thibault – rhythm guitar, backing vocals
Martin Fergusson – bass
Flo Mounier – drums, backing vocals, photography, logo art
Additional personnel
François Quévillon – cover art (original cover)
Jacky Mounier – photography
Rod "The God" Shearer – engineering
Kevin Weagle – design
References
Cryptopsy albums
1994 debut albums
Century Media Records albums | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy%20Made%20Flesh |
Robert or Bob Grim may refer to:
Bob Grim (baseball) (1930–1996), Major League Baseball player
Bob Grim (American football) (born 1945), American football player
Bobby Grim (1924–1995), American racecar driver
See also
Bob Grimm, guitarist with The Four Seasons
Robert Grimm (1881–1958), Swiss Socialist politician | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob%20Grim |
Bob Carpenter (born 1953) is an American sportscaster and current television play-by-play announcer for Major League Baseball's Washington Nationals on MASN. He was born in St. Louis, Missouri, and graduated from William Cullen McBride High School. Carpenter attended the University of Missouri-St. Louis, and later graduated with honors from the University of Missouri-Kansas City with a bachelor's degree in Radio-TV-Film.
Biography
Carpenter has been the Washington Nationals TV broadcaster since 2006.
Carpenter served two stints calling television broadcasts for the St. Louis Cardinals, and also spent 16 seasons as a baseball announcer with ESPN, 18 seasons overall with the network, also covering soccer, college baseball, basketball and football and minor league baseball in addition to the major leagues. He also served as a team broadcaster for the New York Mets, Minnesota Twins and Texas Rangers.
From 1978 until 1984, Carpenter called soccer games for the Tulsa Roughnecks of the North American Soccer League and the St. Louis Steamers of the Major Indoor Soccer League. He announced two World Cups for ESPN; 1982 with Bob Ley and 1994 (10 games) with Seamus Malin and Clive Charles.
In his first major league season, 1984, Carpenter developed his own baseball scorebook. He started marketing it in 1995, and "Bob Carpenter's Scorebook" is now used by many college, major and minor league announcers. It is the most widely used scorebook in the nation by fans and broadcasters.
He also called NCAA Basketball on CBS as well as college football and basketball games for USA Sports and Major League Baseball for NBC. In addition to baseball and college sports, Carpenter called tennis (1995 U.S. Open) and golf (Masters 1986–1988) for USA Network. Carpenter called 6 NCAA basketball tournaments for ESPN and CBS, plus the 2005 Final Four in St. Louis for NCAA International.
Carpenter is a two-time St. Louis-area Emmy Award winner for his coverage of the Cardinals, and has been nominated for 6 Emmys overall; 1 in New York (Mets '92, Outstanding Sports Coverage ), 4 in St. Louis and 1 in the Washington/Baltimore region (Nationals '08, Sports Play-by-Play ). Carpenter was named the 2014 Washington, DC Sportscaster of the Year (along with Washington Capitals TV voice Joe Beninati) by the National Sportswriters and Sportscasters Association. He has called five no-hitters: Cardinals rookie Jose Jimenez at Arizona in 1999 and rookie Bud Smith at San Diego in 2001 (the 2 most recent St. Louis no-hitters), Washington's Jordan Zimmermann versus Miami at Nationals Park on the last day of the 2014 season, Washington's Max Scherzer over Pittsburgh at Nationals Park on June 20, 2015, and Scherzer's second 2015 no-hitter at New York versus the Mets October 3. With ESPN, St. Louis and Washington, Carpenter has called numerous division clinchers, and announced the 1996 NLCS for St. Louis on KMOX Radio.
Carpenter called TV play-by-play for University of Oklahoma men's and women's basketball for 16 years, retiring from hoops in February 2017. He also covered Oral Roberts University basketball games in the baseball off-season.
In March 2017, Carpenter was inducted into the Oklahoma Association of Broadcasters Hall of Fame.
Trademarks
See ... you ... later! after a home run is hit by the Nationals. ... Carpenter also uses the phrase when signing off after a Nationals win.
So long ... for just a while at signoff after a Nationals loss, a tribute to Jack Buck with whom Carpenter shared the St. Louis TV booth in 1984, his rookie season as a Major League Baseball broadcaster.
See also
List of Washington Nationals broadcasters
References
1953 births
Living people
American soccer commentators
American television sports announcers
College basketball announcers in the United States
College football announcers
Golf writers and broadcasters
Major Indoor Soccer League (1978–1992) commentators
Major League Baseball broadcasters
Mid-Atlantic Sports Network
Minnesota Twins announcers
Minor League Baseball broadcasters
New York Mets announcers
North American Soccer League (1968–1984) commentators
Sportspeople from St. Louis
St. Louis Cardinals announcers
Tennis commentators
Texas Rangers (baseball) announcers
University of Missouri–Kansas City alumni
Washington Nationals announcers
Women's college basketball announcers in the United States | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob%20Carpenter%20%28sportscaster%29 |
Wizzo Band were an English jazz rock band formed by Roy Wood after Wizzard split in 1975, fulfilling his ambitions to create an ensemble that was more jazz-orientated than rock or pop. The line-up included former Wizzard and Move member Rick Price (pedal steel guitar), alongside Bob Wilson (trombone), Billy Paul (alto and baritone saxes), Paul Robbins (keyboards, backing vocals), Graham Gallery (bass), and Dave Donovan (drums).
A lot of people had been doing jazz-rock stuff. There had been jazz musicians getting into the rock field, like Chick Corea and Stanley Clarke, but it's very rare that you find a band doing it the other way around a rock and roll band getting into jazz, and it's quite interesting. The rhythm section is very heavy, almost Zeppelinish, the horns are very jazzy and the songs are very commercial, so it makes for quite an interesting combination.
- Roy Wood, Melody Maker, 3 September 1977
They played one show, broadcast live by BBC Television and BBC Radio 1 in the Sight and Sound In Concert series, on 2 April 1977. Most of the material they played was new, though they also included The Move's "California Man", interpolating the basic riff from another Move oldie, "Brontosaurus", and Wizzard's "Are You Ready to Rock". Several of the songs appeared on their only album Super Active Wizzo, released in September 1977 on the Warner Bros. record label. They also issued two singles, "The Stroll" (1977), and "Dancin' At The Rainbow’s End" (1978). None of the recordings charted.
A UK tour was scheduled for spring 1978, but was cancelled as they disbanded at around the same time. Wizzo Band had proved an uncommercial venture; the records received unenthusiastic reviews from critics who were baffled by the music, especially in the light of Wood's earlier track record as a creator of hit records with his previous bands, and they were ignored by radio programmers.
The live version of "California Man" was issued as the B-side of Wood's 1982 single "O.T.T.", under the title "Mystery Song". A similar arrangement was used by Cheap Trick in their own cover version of the song.
Discography
Super Active Wizzo (1977)
"The Stroll"/"Jubilee" (1977) - single
"Dancin' At The Rainbow's End"/"Waitin' At This Door" (1978) - single
References
External links
Official Roy Wood web site
Campaign to get Wizzo album released on CD
English jazz-rock groups | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wizzo%20Band |
Groundwork or ground work may refer to:
Literature
Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals or simply Groundwork, a 1785 philosophical treatise by Immanuel Kant
Groundwork, a 1997 novel by Robert Anthony Welch
Groundwork, a 1983 biography of Charles Hamilton Houston by Genna Rae McNeil
Ground Work: Before the War, a 1984 book of poetry by Robert Duncan
Ground Work: Selected Poems and Essays, 1970-79, a 1990 book by Paul Auster
Groundwork: Autobiographical Writings, 1979–2012, a 2020 book by Paul Auster
Ground Works: Avante-Garde for Thee, a 2003 book edited by Christian Bök
Music
Groundwork, a 2010 mixtape by Yung Berg
"Groundwork", a 2022 single by Ed Sheeran, Big Narstie and Papoose
GroundWork Records, a record label co-founded by Jenn Korbee
GroundWorks, a South African hip-hop group featuring Snazz D
Organizations
Groundwork UK, an environmental organisation working as a federation of trusts
The Groundwork, an American technology firm
Groundwork Collaborative, an American nonprofit organization
Other
Groundworker, a person who prepares land for building construction
Ground fighting or ground work, hand-to-hand combat that takes place on the ground
Ground work or ground training, a stage of horse training
See also
Earthworks (disambiguation) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groundwork |
The superior thyroid artery arises from the external carotid artery just below the level of the greater cornu of the hyoid bone and ends in the thyroid gland.
Structure
From its origin under the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid the superior thyroid artery runs upward and forward for a short distance in the carotid triangle, where it is covered by the skin, platysma, and fascia; it then arches downward beneath the omohyoid, sternohyoid, and sternothyroid muscles.
To its medial side are the inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle and the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve.
Branches
It distributes twigs to the adjacent muscles, and numerous branches to the thyroid gland, connecting with its fellow of the opposite side, and with the inferior thyroid arteries. The branches to the gland are generally two in number. One, the larger, supplies principally the anterior surface; on the isthmus of the gland it connects with the corresponding artery of the opposite side. A second branch descends on the posterior surface of the gland and anastomoses with the inferior thyroid artery.
Besides the arteries distributed to the muscles and to the thyroid gland, the branches of the superior thyroid are:
The infrahyoid branch (or hyoid artery): a small artery that runs along the lower border of the hyoid bone beneath the thyrohyoid muscle. This artery connects with the infrahyoid branch of the opposite side. The infrahyoid branch is a derivative of the second aortic arch.
The sternocleidomastoid branch runs downward and laterally across the sheath of the common carotid artery, and supplies the sternocleidomastoideus muscle and neighboring muscles and skin; it frequently arises as a separate branch from the external carotid artery.
The superior laryngeal artery accompanies the internal laryngeal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve, beneath the thyrohyoid muscle. This artery branches from the superior thyroid artery near its bifurcation from the external carotid artery. Together with the internal laryngeal nerve, it pierces the lateral thyrohyoid membrane, and supplies blood to the muscles, mucous membrane, and glands of the larynx, connecting with the branch from the opposite side.
The cricothyroid artery may contribute to the supply of the larynx. It follows a variable course either superficial or deep to the sternothyroid muscle. If superficial, it may be accompanied by branches of the ansa cervicalis, and if deep, it may be related to the external laryngeal nerve. It can connect with the artery of the opposite side and with the laryngeal arteries.
Clinical significance
This artery must be ligated at the thyroid when conducting a thyroidectomy. If the artery is severed, but not ligated, it will bleed profusely. In order to gain control of the bleeding, the surgeon may need to extend the original incision laterally to ligate the artery at its origin at the external carotid artery. Furthermore, the external laryngeal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve courses close to the superior thyroid artery, making it at risk of injury during surgery.
See also
Inferior thyroid artery
Additional images
References
External links
()
Arteries of the head and neck
Thyroid
Pharynx | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superior%20thyroid%20artery |
Jason Jones (born June 1, 1971) is an American video game developer and programmer who co-founded the video game studio Bungie with Alex Seropian in 1991. Jones began programming on Apple computers in high school, assembling a multiplayer game called Minotaur: The Labyrinths of Crete. While attending the University of Chicago, Jones met Seropian and the two formed a partnership to publish Minotaur.
Following the modest success of Minotaur, Jones programmed Bungie's next game, Pathways into Darkness, and worked on code, level design and story development for Bungie's Marathon and Myth series. For Bungie's next projects, Halo: Combat Evolved and Halo 2, Jones took on a more managerial role as project lead. He served as director on the 2014 video game Destiny.
Early life
Jones became interested in programming in high school, and learned Applesoft BASIC and 6502 Assembly on an Apple II series computer. When Apple released its Macintosh line, Jones's family purchased a Macintosh 128K, but Jones never programmed much for it. After high school Jones got a job programming for a computer-aided design company on PCs, before going to college the next year. In his off time Jones said that all he ever did on the Apple II was write games, "and it seemed logical to continue that on the Mac," he said. "The first thing I did on the Mac was to port a modem game I'd written called Minotaur from 6502 Assembly on the Apple II into MPW C on the Mac. I was still finishing that when I came to college. By that time, I knew I wanted to write games."
Career
Jones met Alex Seropian in his second year at the University of Chicago. In 1991 Seropian had founded Bungie and published his own game, Operation: Desert Storm. Seropian was looking for another game to publish, and they decided to work together to finish Minotaur. While Seropian did design and marketing, Jones finished the programming. Minotaur: The Labyrinths of Crete shipped in April 1992; while the game sold only around 2,500 copies (it required a then-rare modem for network play), it developed a devoted following. After publishing Minotaur, Jones and Seropian formed a partnership; "What I liked about him was that he never wasted any money", Jones said of his partner.
Bungie focused on the Mac platform due to familiarity with the platform and ease of use. "The PC market was really cutthroat, but the Mac market was all friendly and lame. So it was easier to compete," Jones said. After Minotaur, Bungie began work on a 3D graphics version of the game, but realized that the game's format was not suited to a 3D environment. Instead, Jones and Seropian wrote a brand-new story for what became Pathways Into Darkness. Since Bungie had no money and Jones was the only one with the available time, he single-handedly coded the game on a Macintosh IIfx, passing art chores to his friend Colin Brent. Pathways was successful enough that Bungie moved from a one-bedroom apartment to an actual office.
Bungie's next project started as an update of Pathways but evolved into a science fiction shooter game, Marathon. The game included state-of-the-art graphics, network multiplayer, and voice support, and won a number of awards on release in 1994. Jones recalled that he was surprised anyone ever completed the game and sought to atone for some of its shortcomings with its sequel, Marathon 2: Durandal, which was also released for Microsoft Windows. The Marathon series was followed by a series of real-time tactics games, starting with Myth: The Fallen Lords in 1996.
Bungie continued to expand, and in 1997 work began on a new project, codenamed Blam! (Jones had changed the name from Monkey Nuts because he could not bring himself to tell his mother about the new game under that title.) Blam! evolved from a real-time strategy game to a third-person shooter to a first-person shooter called Halo: Combat Evolved. Jones role in development was unlike Marathon and Myth, where Jones was involved in developing more than half the levels and much to most of the story. Instead, he was the project lead and a manager, barely providing any code to the game. He would read war journals by authors such as John Kinkead and Winston Churchill.
In 2000, Microsoft acquired Bungie, moving the team from Chicago to Washington State. Jones recalled that the buyout was a "blur [...] We'd been talking to people for years and years—before we even published Marathon, Activision made a serious offer [to buy us]. But the chance to work on [the Microsoft Xbox console]—the chance to work with a company that took the games seriously. Before that we worried that we'd get bought by someone who just wanted Mac ports or didn't have a clue." Around the same time, a glitch in versions of Myth II was found to entirely erase a player's hard drive; this led to a massive recall of the games right before they shipped, costing Bungie nearly one million dollars. Composer Martin O'Donnell said that this recall created financial uncertainty in the studio, though accepting the offer was not something "Bungie had to do." Jones and Seropian refused to accept Microsoft's offer until the entire studio agreed to the buyout.
Combat Evolved was highly successful, selling more than a million units in its first six months and driving Xbox sales. Jones led the development team that created its sequel, Halo 2, and served as director on a new video game series, Destiny. He was listed in Next Generations top 100 Developers in 2006 and 2007.
After the release of Halo 2, Jones took a sabbatical from Bungie, not knowing whether he wanted to continue making games. As Jones returned, his involvement with Halo began to diminish, as Jones tended to 'dislike' sequels. He desired to build a new intellectual property. Jones worked closely with colleague Jaimie Griesemer who was working on his own internal project named "Dragon's Tavern" which Griesemer described to be a "third person fantasy game" In the end however, Jones had the most power at Bungie, despite not being the President he was the majority share-holder and his vision of the studio was his alone to decide. Ultimately, Jason got his way with the studio's next project and worked with Griesemer to combine his ideas of "Dragon's Tavern" with what would be Destiny. As development continued, and with Griesemer gone, the writing team led by Joseph Staten had created a "Super-Cut" which was essentially a summary of the game's story-line. The super-cut was poorly received by Jones and the rest of the studio. Shortly after, Jones decided to scrap the writing team's work and effectively re-write the story very late into production with Marty O'Donnell, believing it was not feasible and almost impossible to complete. Knowing the game was in peril with his proposed reboot of the story, Jones formed a group called the "Iron Bar" composed of art director Christopher Barrett, designer Luke Smith and writer Eric Raab, an experienced book editor. Jones and the rest of Bungie carried on to release Destiny on September 9, 2014.
References
External links
Jason Jones profile at Bungie
1971 births
American video game programmers
Bungie
Living people
University of Chicago alumni | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jason%20Jones%20%28programmer%29 |
Salah Omar Al-Ali (born 17 July 1938) was a member of the Iraqi Revolutionary Command Council, Iraqi Minister of Culture and Information from 1968 to 1970, and subsequently ambassador to Sweden, Spain and the United Nations from 1973 to 1981. He is currently a leading member of the Iraqi opposition.
Although he was formerly a leading member of the Ba'ath Party, and was therefore very close to individuals such as Saddam Hussein who were subsequently accused of having committed a number of atrocities. Al-Ali is popular in Iraq, he resigned twice from high ranking governmental positions in protest.
Early years
Al-Ali was born in Salah ad Din Governorate, in a village near the city of Tikrit. His father, Omar, was a small landowner who was involved in agricultural production. Al-Ali eventually migrated to Baghdad where he attended law school and became active in politics. At the time, the two major political parties that were popular amongst Iraqi youth were the Iraqi Communist Party and the Ba'ath Party, both of which expounded leftist principles relating to the redistribution of wealth and the eradication of the old social classes that dominated Iraqi society at the time, and both of which were violently opposed to the British. In that context, Al-Ali joined the Ba'ath party. His activism generated a certain amount of hostility from the government.
Years in Government
By 1968, Al-Ali was a leading member of the Ba'ath Party. When the Ba'ath seized power in the July Revolution of 1968, Al-Ali was appointed to the Iraqi Revolution Command Council (the "RCC"), a group of six leading Baath party officials who held joint executive authority over the entire country. Each member of the RCC also held governmental posts; Al-Ali was appointed Minister of Culture and Information. As such, Al-Ali was responsible for cultural affairs and for managing the government's official information campaign.
Exile in Lebanon
A number of differences emerged between Al-Ali and the rest of his ministerial colleagues, in 1970, Al-Ali resigned from his governmental positions as a result of these differences, and was sent into exile to Egypt. Al-Ali remained in Egypt for some time and eventually moved to Lebanon, where he remained until 1973.
Years in diplomacy
In 1972 and 1973, two major events greatly affected Iraq's geopolitical position. Firstly, in 1972, the Ba'athist government decided to put an end to British interests in Iraq's oil industry and nationalised all oil interests owned by British companies throughout the country. Secondly, the 1973 oil crisis caused the price of oil to quadruple in international markets overnight. The combination of these two events greatly reinforced the position of the Ba'ath, which was then able to invest vast amounts of capital into Iraq's economy and into its military.
At that point the Iraqi government, confident of its position, invited a number of dissidents to return to Iraq. Al-Ali returned to Baghdad after he was promised safe passage. Shortly after his arrival he was offered the position of Ambassador to Sweden, which he initially refused but was soon appointed as Ambassador to Sweden, where he served from 1973 to 1976. He subsequently was Ambassador to Spain from 1976 to 1978, and was then appointed as Permanent Representative to the United Nations in New York, where he served from 1978 to 1981.
Years in opposition
Saddam Hussein assumed the presidency in 1979, and later that year attended the Conference of the Non-Aligned Movement in Cuba, which Al-Ali also attended and met with representatives from the new Islamic Republic of Iran.
A few months after the Iran–Iraq War commenced, Al-Ali resigned his position once again. As a result of this decision, Al-Ali was banned from returning to his home country, and was only able to return to Iraq after the 2003 Invasion of Iraq.
After the 1991 Gulf War, Al-Ali decided to formally join the Iraqi opposition, and with Iyad Allawi formed the short-lived Al-Wifaq party. He began publishing a weekly political newspaper from London that adopted an anti-Saddam and staunchly patriotic line. The paper rejected any foreign influence in the country and was fiercely opposed to the international sanctions that had been imposed against Iraq by the international community.
Return to Iraq
As the war commenced in March 2003, Al-Ali was interviewed on a number of occasions on Al-Jazeera in which he condemned both the US-led invasion and Saddam Hussein's government. As the Iraqi government began to fall, Al-Ali entered the country through the Syrian-Iraqi border and this event was captured on an Al-Arabiya documentary that was aired shortly after the war.
Al-Ali lived in Baghdad from 2003 to 2006, where he published his weekly newspaper, which adopted an anti-occupation and opposition stance. He now lives in retirement.
References
External links
Atlantic Monthly Article
Further reading
Biography of Saddam Hussein ()
Inside the Iraqi Insurgency ()
1938 births
Living people
People from Tikrit
Ambassadors of Iraq to Spain
Ambassadors of Iraq to Sweden
Permanent Representatives of Iraq to the United Nations
Members of the Regional Command of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Iraq Region
Government ministers of Iraq | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salah%20Omar%20al-Ali |
Wacker 04 Berlin was a German football club based in Berlin. The club folded in 1994 after becoming insolvent.
Wacker played at the highest level in Berlin for many years throughout its history, in the Oberliga Berlin-Brandenburg, the Gauliga Berlin-Brandenburg from 1933 onwards and, finally, the Oberliga Berlin. After the Introduction of the Bundesliga in 1963 Wacker dropped to the second tier Regionalliga Berlin. From 1971 to 1974 the club unsuccessfully took part in the promotion round to the Bundesliga on four occasions. The club became a founding member of the 2. Bundesliga in 1974 but dropped out of the league and professional football in 1979.
Wacker also had taken part in the DFB-Pokal, the German Cup, on a number of occasions, advancing to the second round in 1937, 1976–77, 1977–78 and 1979–80.
History
Wacker was founded 25 July 1904 as Reinickendorfer FC West and in 1908 merged with Tegeler FC Hohenzollern 1905 to form SC Wacker 04 Tegel. The club played in the top-flight Oberliga Berlin-Brandenburg through the 1920s, remaining a solid mid-table side throughout the years, never claiming a title of their own, but also never being relegated. Wacker remained in the top-flight, joining the Gauliga Berlin-Brandenburg (I) following the reorganization of German football under the Third Reich in 1933, but were immediately relegated. They returned after a single season absence, were sent down for the 1939–40 season, and after again being promoted in 1940, played in the first division until the end of the war.
Through the 1930s Wacker made a number of cup appearances. They were beaten 6–0 by Tennis Borussia Berlin in the final of the Berliner Landespokal in 1931 and made three appearances in the Tschammerspokal, predecessor to today's DFB-Pokal.
After the end of the war in 1945, Wacker resumed first division play in the Oberliga Berlin, initially as SG Reickendorf-West, but were sent down after a last place finish in 1956. They returned to the Oberliga a season later and stayed in first division football until the 1963 formation of the Bundesliga, Germany's new professional league. Wacker went on to play second tier football in the Regionalliga Berlin and the 2. Bundesliga Nord where they did quite well on the field despite limited resources. Through the early 1970s the club earned three second and one first place Regionalliga finishes. The club's experience in the 2. Bundesliga in the middle of the decade was more difficult, finally leading to their relegation to the Amateurliga Berlin (III) in 1977. After one more season in the 2. Bundesliga Nord, Wacker slipped to third and fourth division play where they toiled for a decade and a half before finally going bankrupt in 1994, playing in the tier four Verbandsliga Berlin at the time.
Some of its members went on to join BFC Alemannia 90, resulting in the club playing as BFC Alemannia 90 Wacker, a name that was never official and was reverted by the club in 2013.
Honours
The club's honours:
Regionalliga Berlin (II)
Champions: 1972
Runners-up: 1971, 1972, 1972
Amateur-Oberliga Berlin (III)
Champions: 1978
Berliner Landespokal
Winners: 1950, 1968, 1972
Runners-up: 1931, 1952, 1959, 1963, 1965, 1971, 1980
See also
Berlin derby
References
External links
The Abseits Guide to German Soccer
Wacker 04 Berlin at worldfootball.net
Wacker 04 Berlin at Fussballdaten.de
Defunct football clubs in Germany
Wacker
Association football clubs established in 1904
1904 establishments in Germany
Association football clubs disestablished in 1994
1994 disestablishments in Germany
2. Bundesliga clubs | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wacker%2004%20Berlin |
Adye is both a surname and a given name. Notable people with the name include:
Surname
John Adye (born 1939), British cryptographer
John Miller Adye (1819–1900), British Army general and artist
Stephen Galway Adye (1740−1838), English Royal Artillery Officer
Stephen Payne Adye (c. 1740 – 1794), English Royal Artillery officer
Given name
Adye Douglas (1815–1906), Australian lawyer, politician and cricketer | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adye |
Ismael Jafet Ortiz Zuñiga (born October 22, 1982, in Panama City) is a swimmer from Panama. He participated in the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, competing in the Men's 100-meter Freestyle. His heat time was 51.74 seconds, which was not enough to advance to the semi-finals. Ortiz also represented his native country at the World Championships (long course) in 2001 and 2003.
Despite qualifying to represent Panama in the 2008 Olympics with a time below 23.00 seconds, domestic political circumstances prevented him from competing in the games, causing a small public outcry in his home country.
He swam for the USA's Drury University from 2005 to 2007. He graduated with a degree in Fine Art in 2008, and currently teaches youth swimming in Miami.
Trivia
Ortiz is known affectionately by teammates and fans as "The Ish."
He is also a successful sculpture artist in his own right, having had many shows in both the United States and in Panama. His found-object artwork is reminiscent of the sculptures of Robert Rauschenberg and Jean Tinguely.
Ortiz is a noted fan of the manga series Naruto, admittedly spending hours on end watching pirated YouTube transcriptions of the comics. Playful attempts at coining the nickname "Pablo Naruto" (cf. Chilean love poet Pablo Neruda), a pun derived from his characteristic romantic Latin machismo and his aforementioned otaku tendencies, never stuck.
Ortiz is also an avid sailor according to the Denver post.
References
1982 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Panama City
Panamanian male freestyle swimmers
Swimmers at the 2003 Pan American Games
Swimmers at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Drury Panthers men's swimmers
Olympic swimmers for Panama
Pan American Games competitors for Panama | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ismael%20Ortiz |
The Galoli, or Galolen, are a people of East Timor with a population of about 50,000, primarily along the northern coast of the district of Manatuto. To the west lies the Mambai people. There is an old colony on the southern coast of Wetar island, the Talo, who speak the Talur dialect.
Their language, also known as Galoli, is one of the Timor–Babar group of Austronesian languages. It is one of the national languages designated by the constitution of East Timor. Because the area was used as a trading center for different cultures, there are many foreign loan words in the vocabulary, principally from Moluccan and Malay languages. Although it is not spoken by as many people as other national languages, it was adopted by the Roman Catholic Church in the district of Manatuto and thus has become fixed in grammars and dictionaries.
Dadu'a is erroneously listed in some sources as a dialect of Galoli (e.g. Glottolog), but actually represents a transplanted population of the Atauro dialect of Wetarese.
Alphabet
A B D E G H I K L M N O R S T U '
The ' mark represents a glottal stop, [ʔ].
References
External links
Paradisec open access short description of Galoli
Paradisec open access Galoli texts
Paradisec open access Galoli phrases
Timor–Babar languages
Languages of East Timor
Languages of Indonesia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galoli%20language |
Abdolfattah Soltani (; born 2 November 1953) is an Iranian human rights lawyer and spokesman for the Defenders of Human Rights Center. He co-founded the group with Mohammad Seifzadeh and Nobel Peace Prize-winner Shirin Ebadi. Along with Ebadi, Soltani served as a lawyer for the family of slain Iranian-Canadian photojournalist Zahra Kazemi, who was allegedly tortured and murdered in Evin Prison in July 2003. Ebadi and Soltani, along with others, also represented jailed journalist Akbar Ganji during his imprisonment and long hunger strike. Soltani, who won the Nuremberg International Human Rights Award, in 2009, served time in prison in 2005 and 2009, and was sentenced to 18-year prison sentence in 2012.
Life
Soltani was incarcerated for political offences in 2005 and 2009. He received an 18-year prison sentence in 2012 and was banned for an additional 20 years from practicing law. Amnesty International designated him a prisoner of conscience and called him "one of the bravest human rights defenders in Iran".
Legal work
Soltani is a co-founder of the Defenders of Human Rights Center, an Iranian human rights organization, along with Mohammad Seifzadeh and future Nobel Peace Prize-winner Shirin Ebadi. Along with Ebadi and Seifzadeh, Soltani served as a lawyer for the family of slain Iranian-Canadian photojournalist Zahra Kazemi, who was allegedly tortured and murdered in Evin Prison in July 2003. Soltani, along with Seifzadeh, Ebadi and others, also represented jailed journalist Akbar Ganji during his imprisonment and long hunger strike and imprisoned Iranian-American academic Haleh Esfandiari.
2005 imprisonment
On 25 July 2005, Soltani criticized the fairness of the trial brought by Kazemi's family. Two days later, a Tehran prosecutor issued a warrant to search Soltani's home and office. The prosecutor then charged him with espionage. On 30 July, while participating in a sit-in to protest the charge, Soltani was arrested. He was detained incommunicado at Evin prison, including two months in Section 209, which is reserved for political prisoners. On 6 March 2006, he was released on bail of 100,000 euros.
On 16 July 2006, he was informed that the Revolutionary Court had sentenced him to five years' imprisonment and the loss of his civic rights for "non-respect of the confidentiality of the preliminary enquiry" in the Kazemi case. He appealed the decision and was acquitted on 28 May 2007 of all charges pending against him since July 2005. However, his identity papers were confiscated, preventing him from traveling.
2009 imprisonment
On June 16, four days after the 2009 June election, Abdolfattah Soltani was arrested, his computers seized, and he was again taken to Evin prison. There was no arrest warrant, and no reasons for the arrest were stated. He was held there for 72 days, 17 of which were in solitary confinement and was not allowed to shower for the first 15 days. He lost 15 pounds while in prison.
According to Soltani, he was approached by a judge named Majid Matin Rasekh about a day after he was locked up and accused of "being skeptical about the results of the election.“ The judge then issued an order to detain him on "a temporary basis". While in prison he listened to young recently arrested inmates being interrogated and pleading innocent and was himself "explicitly" told, "'If you recant, disconnect yourself from Shirin Ebadi's human rights center ... then you will be freed right now.'" Soltani refused, and also later refused a one-week humanitarian leave to attend the mourning ceremony of his sister who died in a car crash while he was in prison because it required him to not speak out to the media about his incarceration. When his brother-in-law died two weeks later as a result of injuries from the same crash, he again refused a one-week leave that required him to keep quiet. He later stated: "Accepting their condition was a rubber stamp on my non-committed crime."
Soltani stated that he suspected the motivation for arresting him was anger of the authorities "for continuing to meet with other human-rights lawyers even after" his "small office of the human-rights center" was shut down "for operating without a permit."
That year, he won the Nuremberg International Human Rights Award.
2011 imprisonment
Soltani was arrested again 10 September 2011 while preparing to defend a group of Baháʼí defendants. He received an 18-year prison sentence in 2012 and was banned for an additional 20 years from practicing law. His daughter stated the sentence was for "co-founding the Center for Human Rights Defenders, spreading anti-government propaganda, endangering national security and accepting an illegal prize [the Nuremberg International Human Rights Award]". Amnesty International designated him a prisoner of conscience, "held solely for the peaceful exercise of his right to freedom of expression and association, including his work as a defence lawyer and in the Centre".
In October 2012, Soltani was awarded the International Bar Association's Human Rights Award. Because Soltani was imprisoned, his daughter Maede Soltani received it on his behalf.
Awards
2019, Council of Bars and Law Societies of Europe (CCBE) Human Rights Award
References
Amnesty International prisoners of conscience held by Iran
Iranian dissidents
20th-century Iranian lawyers
Living people
Iranian prisoners and detainees
Iranian democracy activists
Iranian human rights activists
1953 births
People convicted of spreading propaganda against the system by the Islamic Republic of Iran
Members of the National Council for Peace
21st-century Iranian lawyers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdolfattah%20Soltani |
A series of financial allegations concerning corporate lawyer David Mills came under investigation in 2006 by Italian authorities, who suspected him of corruptly receiving £340,000 from Silvio Berlusconi in the 1990s. As he was married at the time to Tessa Jowell, the then United Kingdom Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport, some newspapers termed the accusations Jowellgate.
History
Tessa Jowell married international corporate lawyer David Mills in 1979. In the early 1990s, Mills acted for Silvio Berlusconi, then a high-profile businessman and former Prime Minister of Italy. During his work for Berlusconi, Mills received $600,000 (£340,000); the precise source of the money and the reason for its payment was under dispute, with Mills saying that the money was part of a larger amount paid indirectly to him by another Italian client, Diego Attanasio, although Attanasio has denied this claim when found in London on 2 March (between custodial sentences for bribery and corruption).
Mills was investigated in Italy for money laundering and alleged tax fraud and on 10 March 2006 Italian prosecuting magistrates decided that they had sufficient evidence to ask a judge to indict Berlusconi and Mills.
The judgement was appealed by David Mills. On 27 October 2009, the Italian Appeal Court upheld his conviction and his sentence of 4½ years prison. He confirmed that he would initiate a second and final appeal to the Cassation Court.
On 25 February 2010, the Italian Cassation Court (the second and last court of appeal under Italian law) ruled a sentence of not guilty because the statute of limitations had expired.
Procedural changes
Sir Alistair Graham, Chairman of the Committee on Standards in Public Life (2003-7), said the controversy over Jowell highlighted the problem that public trust was being undermined by the way alleged misconduct by ministers was policed. He stated that he was "puzzled" by the Prime Minister's reluctance to change the rules; the Committee proposed that independent figures, rather than senior civil servants, should investigate claims that the ministerial code has been broken.
On 16 March 2006 Blair announced that a new independent figure would advise ministers on potential clashes between their public duties and private affairs and investigate potential breaches of the ministerial code of conduct. The Prime Minister would continue to have the final say on taking action.
References
Jowellgate
2006 in the United Kingdom | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Mills%20financial%20allegations |
Singhan was a king of the Yadava kingdom in approximately the 13th century, located in what today is the Maharashtra State of India.
13th-century Indian monarchs
13th-century deaths
Year of birth unknown | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singhan |
Airport station was a TransLink public transit exchange on Sea Island, Richmond, in Metro Vancouver. Most bus operations using the location ceased September 7, 2009, two and a half weeks after the opening of the Canada Line, when the exchange downgraded to a regular bus stop.
Overview
On September 4, 2000, the 98 B-Line commenced an introductory service phase that connected Downtown Vancouver with a temporary terminus on Aylmer Road, opposite the Park & Fly lot for Vancouver International Airport (YVR). On December 18, 2000, the permanent terminus opened at the foot of the Moray Bridge near the intersection of Russ Baker Way and Miller Road. A bus-only on-ramp to the bridge served this location.
In August 2001, the 98 B-Line service extended to central Richmond. From October 2001, the exchange was the transfer point for the 424 Airport / Airport station connection, which became the only daytime and evening route to the Vancouver International Airport's main terminal. The N10 route covered this destination outside of those hours.
Airport station also served community shuttles for Sea Island North, nearby Burkeville, and the south terminal of the Vancouver International Airport, which handles local and smaller airlines.
After the opening of the SkyTrain's Canada Line on September 7, 2009, most bus routes serving the exchange were discontinued or terminated at Richmond–Brighouse station, Bridgeport station or Marpole Loop.
Routes
The following routes still stop at the former location:
412 Sea Island South / Bridgeport station: renumbered from C92 in August 2018.
N10 Downtown / Richmond–Brighouse station (NightBus service): from September 2004, when the route was called Downtown / Richmond Centre.
The following routes once served Airport station:
C90 Sea Island North / Airport station: prior to September 2008; after September 2009 closure, Bridgeport station became eastern terminus; discontinued in September 2012.
C92 Sea Island South / Airport station: renumbered from 425 and renamed circa May 2005. After September 2009 closure, Bridgeport station became eastern terminus, but the stop remained on the route.
98 B-Line Burrard station / Richmond Centre (see above); discontinued after September 2009 closure.
100 22nd Street station / Airport station: prior to April 2001, Airport station was a stop on existing 22nd Street station / Airport route to YVR; became route terminus after route split with 424 in October 2001; After September 2009 closure, Marpole Loop became western terminus.
301 Newton Exchange / Airport station: September 2004; Richmond Centre became western terminus in November 2005; terminus change to Richmond–Brighouse station in September 2009.
404 Ladner Exchange / Airport station: stop on existing route to YVR from December 2000; northern terminus after route split with 424 in October 2001; from September 2009 closure, Richmond–Brighouse station became northern terminus.
411 Burrard station / One Road: stop on existing route from December 2000; renumbered to 491 in August 2001.
424 Airport: from Oct 2001; discontinued after September 2009 closure.
425 Airport South / Airport station: stop on existing Airport South / Richmond Exchange route from December 2000; became eastern terminus with route renamed in April 2001; renumbered C92 circa May 2005.
491 Steveston / One Road / Burrard station: renumbered from 411 in August 2001; discontinued after September 2009 closure.
496 Railway / Burrard station: from Aug 2001; discontinued after September 2009 closure.
620 Tsawwassen Ferry / Airport station: from April 2004; Bridgeport station became northern terminus after September 2009 closure.
Footnotes
References
Bus stations in British Columbia
TransLink (British Columbia)
Transport in Richmond, British Columbia
Vancouver International Airport
2000 establishments in British Columbia
2009 disestablishments in British Columbia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airport%20station%20%28TransLink%29 |
Local gigantism or localised gigantism is a condition in which a certain part of the body acquires larger than normal size due to excessive growth of the anatomical structures or abnormal accumulation of substances. It is more common in fingers and toes, where it is termed macrodactyly. However, sometimes an entire limb may be enlarged.
Causes
Local gigantism may be caused by a heterogeneous group of both congenital and acquired conditions.
Congenital
Congenital causes include:
Klippel–Trénaunay syndrome
Maffucci syndrome
macrodystrophia lipomatosa
neurofibromatosis,
lipoatrophic diabetes.
Proteus syndrome, which by one theory accounts for the deformities of the Elephant Man
Acquired
There are a number of acquired causes of local gigantism. A body part can attain bigger size from causes as common as the following:
inflammation, due to trauma or infection
tumors like osteoid osteoma, melorheostosis, and lipofibromatous hamartoma
Arteriovenous malformations occurring on a limb, before the closure of epiphyses in long bones
Elephantiasis, which is quite common in southeast Asia due to prevalence of filariasis.
Still's disease
amyloidosis
acromegaly
Treatment
As the causes of local gigantism are varied, treatment depends on the particular condition. Treatment may range from antibiotics and other medical therapy, to surgery in order to correct the anatomical anomaly.
References
Growth disorders | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local%20gigantism |
Jane Neville (née Howard), Countess of Westmorland (1533/37 – buried 30 June 1593), was an English noblewoman.
Family
Jane Howard, born between 1533 and 1537, was the daughter of Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, and Frances de Vere. Her grandparents on her father's side were Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk, and Elizabeth Stafford. Her maternal grandparents were John de Vere, 15th Earl of Oxford, and Elizabeth Trussell.
Jane Howard had two brothers, Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk, and Henry Howard, 1st Earl of Northampton, and two sisters, Katherine Howard, who married Henry Berkeley, 7th Baron Berkeley, and Margaret Howard, who married Henry Scrope, 9th Baron Scrope of Bolton. Jane Howard's youngest sister, Margaret, was born after their father's execution.
Life
Jane Howard's father, the Earl of Surrey, was tried and convicted of treason at the Guildhall on 13 January 1547, and beheaded on Tower Hill on 19 January 1547. In 1548 his children were placed in the care of their aunt, Mary FitzRoy, who appointed the martyrologist, John Foxe, as their tutor. Under Foxe, Jane learned Latin and Greek to the level that she could "compete with the most learned men of the age."
Despite being educated by Foxe, who was a well-known Protestant, Jane was Roman Catholic as were most of her family (his father had fallen out of favour in part because he was a Catholic and his grandfather, the 3rd Duke of Norfolk had been a prisoner in the Tower from the end of the reign of Henry VIII and was kept there throughout the reign of Edward VI for the same reason, although he was then released early in the rule of the Catholic Queen Mary).
About 1563/4 Jane Howard married Charles Neville, 6th Earl of Westmorland, who had succeeded to the earldom after his father's death on 10 February 1564. In November 1569 Westmorland joined the Earl of Northumberland in the Northern Rebellion. After initial successes, Westmorland and Northumberland were forced to flee to the Scottish border when Queen Elizabeth sent forces north under the Earl of Sussex. Sussex proclaimed Westmorland and Northumberland rebels at York on 19 November. Shortly thereafter Northumberland was handed over to the Scottish Regent, the Earl of Moray. However Westmorland was given refuge by Lord Kerr at Ferniehirst Castle in Roxburghshire, and eventually escaped by sea in 1570 to the Spanish Netherlands, where he remained an exile until his death. In 1571 he was attainted, and all his honours forfeited. After her husband's attainder, the Queen granted Jane a pension of £200 for life.
In the events which preceded the Northern Rebellion in 1569, the Countess had more to do with raising the troops than her husband did. She was well educated but perhaps not the cleverest of women when it came to understanding political machinations. She was first to urge the rebels to rise up against Elizabeth I of England, and yet she expected Elizabeth to pardon her when they failed.
The Countess hoped to arrange the marriage of her brother, Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk, to Mary, Queen of Scots, and put them both on England's throne and along with it, the Catholic religion would be restored in England. He was executed for treason in 1572 and she lived under house arrest for the rest of her life.
The Countess was buried 30 June 1593 at Kenninghall, Norfolk.
Westmorland continued to be involved for many years in plots to invade England and replace Queen Elizabeth with Mary, Queen of Scots. In 1599 he considered marrying again. His prospective bride was the daughter of President Richardot. Westmorland died 16 November 1601 at Nieuwpoort, Flanders. On 25 June 1604 two of his daughters, Katherine and Anne, were granted pensions of 200 marks a year by King James. Westmorland's cousin, Edmund Neville, the only son of Richard Neville (d. 27 May 1590) by Barbara Arden, the daughter of William Arden of Park Hall, Warwickshire, unsuccessfully claimed the earldom.
Marriage and issue
On 28 August 1564 Jane Howard married Charles Neville, 6th Earl of Westmorland, the second but only surviving son of Henry Neville, 5th Earl of Westmorland, by his first wife, Anne Manners, the second daughter of Thomas Manners, 1st Earl of Rutland, by Eleanor Paston, daughter of Sir William Paston (died c. 20 September 1554), by whom she had one son and four daughters:
Lord Neville (1569 – d. 21 April 1571), whose first name is unknown.
Margaret Neville, who married Nicholas Pudsey
Katherine Neville, who married Sir Thomas Grey of Chillingham, Northumberland, and died without issue.
Anne Neville, who married Sir David Ingleby, a younger son of Sir William Ingleby of Ripley, Yorkshire, and died without male issue.
Eleanor Neville, who died unmarried before 25 June 1604.
Footnotes
References
Yorkshire Archaeological Society. The Yorkshire Archaeological Journal. Leeds: Yorkshire Archaeological Society, 1893. (p. 138) googlebooks. Retrieved 16 February 2008
Emerson, P. H. The English Emersons; A Genealogical Historical Sketch of the Family from the Earliest Times to the End of the Seventeenth Century, Including Various Modern Pedigrees, with an Appendix of Authorities. London: D. Nutt, 1898. (p. 73) googlebooks. Retrieved 16 February 2008.
External links
Burial of Jane, Countess of Westmorland, Emerson, p.73
Attribution
1530s births
1593 deaths
16th-century English women
Women in 16th-century warfare
English countesses
16th-century English nobility
Westmorland
Jane
Women in European warfare | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane%20Howard%2C%20Countess%20of%20Westmorland |
Gilbert Earl Patterson (September 22, 1939 – March 20, 2007) was an American Holiness Pentecostal leader and minister who served as the National Presiding Bishop and Founder of the Bountiful Blessings Ministries and Chief Apostle of the Church of God in Christ (COGIC), Incorporated. Bishop Patterson was the second youngest person to ever be elected Presiding Bishop of COGIC at the age 60 in 2000, second to his predeceased uncle Bishop J. O. Patterson, Sr who was 56 when he was elected Presiding Bishop in 1968.
On March 28, 2007, the United States Senate passed a resolution celebrating the life of Patterson. The sponsors were Senators Barack Obama, Carl Levin, John Kerry, Lamar Alexander and Bob Corker.
Early Years and Education
Patterson was born in Humboldt, Tennessee on September 22, 1939, to William Archie and Mary Louise Williams Patterson. His family was living in Mississippi at the time, but shortly after in 1941, they moved to Memphis so his father could serve at the Holy Temple, a COGIC church. His father was a COGIC minister, which later led to his own involvement in the church. G.E. Patterson regularly attended church. He accepted and affirmed COGIC traditions and teachings. In 1952, his family moved to Detroit, Michigan so his father could serve at the New Jerusalem COGIC. A few years later in 1958, Patterson decided to attend Detroit Bible College. He also attended LeMoyne-Owen College in Memphis and held an honorary doctorate from Oral Roberts University. After completing his education he returned to Memphis to co-pastor with his father in 1961.
Career
Patterson served in ministry for 50 years before dying of heart failure in 2007 at the age of 67. During his time as a minister, he led the largest Pentecostal religious group in the nation consisting of 5.5 million members. In 1975, he resigned as a pastor in the COGIC after a dispute between his father and J.O. Patterson, his uncle. This caused him to part ways with the denomination. G.E. Patterson wanted to continue ministry outside of the COGIC, which led him to renovating a church in Mississippi that he named the Temple of Divergence. His funeral was later held here. This church grew rapidly and had numerous members. The Temple of Deliverance allowed Patterson to hold close to his Pentecostal roots and black holiness. In 1986, he rejoined the COGIC and reconnected with the denomination after his uncle reached out to settle the feud. This same year, Patterson ordained as a bishop. His ability to preach simple and understandable messages made him appealing to all age groups. At one point, he was the only COGIC minister with an international audience. He reached an extensive audience through radio ministry and had 15-20 million people watch his Sunday television broadcasts.
In 1992, Patterson was a general board member of COGIC. In the last seven years of his life, from 2000-2007, he served as the presiding bishop. Elections for this role occurred every four years. He was named Power 150 Religious Leaders by EBONY Magazine. Patterson was also the editor and publisher of the Bountiful Blessings Magazine, which had a distribution list of over 100,000. His book 'Here Comes the Judge" received high praise and sold thousands of copies.
Civil Rights involvement
Patterson was deeply involved in the Memphis Sanitation Workers Strike in 1968. This is notable due to COGIC members tending to be disconnected from Civil Rights movements. He was a founder of COME, Memphis Community on the Move for Equality, which played a powerful role in the strike. Patterson encouraged Memphis to support the strike through his radio broadcasts. His involvement in the strike demonstrates the amplitude of diverse grassroots black activists to exercise collective agency in order to pursue freedom as well as justice for oppressed and marginalized communities.
References
1939 births
2007 deaths
20th-century American bishops
21st-century American bishops
African-American Christians
American Pentecostals
William Tyndale College alumni
LeMoyne–Owen College alumni
Members of the Church of God in Christ
Presiding Bishops of the Church of God in Christ
Church of God in Christ pastors
American television evangelists
African-American television personalities
People from Humboldt, Tennessee
Religious leaders from Memphis, Tennessee | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert%20E.%20Patterson |
Bezděkov nad Metují () is a municipality and village in Náchod District in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 600 inhabitants.
History
The first written mention of Bezděkov nad Metují is from 1358. It was probably founded before 1241.
Sights
The main landmark of Bezděkov nad Metují is the Church of Saint Procopius. It was built in the Baroque style in 1724–1726 according to the design by architect Kilian Ignaz Dientzenhofer. For its value it has been protected as a national cultural monument since 2022.
References
External links
Villages in Náchod District | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bezd%C4%9Bkov%20nad%20Metuj%C3%AD |
Green Springs National Historic Landmark District is a national historic district in Louisa County, Virginia noted for its concentration of fine rural manor houses and related buildings in an intact agricultural landscape. The district comprises of fertile land, contrasting with the more typical poor soil and scrub pinelands surrounding it.
Description
The district is located 1.5 miles (2 km) north of Interstate 64 from exit No. 136, "Zion Crossroads." The district is roughly bounded by U.S. Route 15 and Virginia Routes 22 and 613. The area is named for a natural spring noted by Thomas Jefferson as possessing "some medicinal virtue." The district features a mixture of wooded and farmed lands. Its distinguishing geological feature is the presence of a heavy clay soil that retains plant nutrients and moisture, creating an open landscape suitable for farming. The area is noted for its park-like views, particularly from U.S. Route 15.
Preservation
The district was preserved following attempts by the state of Virginia to build a prison there, and after a strip mine was proposed in the area to mine clay for cat litter.
The strip mine happened anyway (Google Earth maps of the area clearly show the destruction caused by the mine) but not on the scale that was intended originally and a great many significant houses and lands continue to be preserved and excluded from the development that is transforming some of the area around the district.
National Register properties
Significant places listed individually on the National Register of Historic Places include:
Boswell's Tavern, an important meeting place during the American Revolution and a well-preserved example of a Colonial-era tavern.
Grassdale, an Italianate villa built in 1861 by the Morris family, later home of Rear Admiral David W. Taylor and his wife Imogene Morris Taylor.
Green Springs, a late 18th-century house built by the Morris family near the springs that lent their name to the district.
Hawkwood, an Italianate villa designed by prominent New York architect Alexander Jackson Davis for Richard Overton Morris, completed in 1855, gutted by fire in 1982.
Ionia, a late 18th-century -story frame house, original seat of the Watson family
Westend, a temple-fronted plantation house with extant dependencies, built by the Morris family.
Major historic properties
Major historic properties in the district include:
Barton House is an early 19th-century -story frame house built by the Barton family.
Belle Monte is a Federal style two-story house built in the early 18th** century and enlarged in both the 19th and 20th century. (**The Historic American Buildings Survey listed the house built in the 19th century but pulled that data from a National Historic Register Nomination Form filled out in error) There are multiple historic references to the original builder of the house and family being born at the residence prior to the 1790s as well as land transfers predating the 1780s and a reference to Belle Monte in a letter from Thomas Jefferson. Lafayette stayed at and used the house as a recuperative hospital for his soldiers. There is definite precedence that places the original structure in the early to mid-1700s. Belle Monte is in close proximity to Boswell's Tavern and built in the same era.
Berea Baptist Church is an 1857 Gothic Revival church established in 1795.
Bracketts is a two-story frame house built about 1800.
Corduroy is a circa 1850 two-story frame house with a hipped roof and a single-story entrance portico.
Eastern View is a two-story frame house with a hipped roof and Moorish-style porches, built in 1856.
Galway is a two-story frame house with a hipped roof and a balustraded Tuscan porch. Its eaves feature a scalloped cornice.
Kenmuir is a -story frame house built about 1855. The house shows Gothic Revival influence with its lancet windows in the gables.
Oakleigh is a two-story late 19th century frame house with a bracketed cornice and a full-width veranda on the front featuring sawn detailing.
Prospect Hill is an 18th-century house that was progressively enlarged in the 19th and 20th centuries. The two-story frame house features a two-level porch on two sides, along with dependent structures.
Quaker Hill is a small one-story frame house dating to circa 1820.
St. John's Chapel located at the intersection of Route 640 (East Jack Jouett Road) and Route 617 (East Green Springs Road) in Louisa County. The chapel was completed in 1888.
Sylvania was built in 1746 by the Morris family. The two-story frame house has a hipped roof with a cross gable, with wings to either side and an ell to the rear. Sylvania was extensively damaged by a tornado on October 13, 2011, which blew the roof off the house.
Westlands is an Italianate two-story brick house, built around 1856.
Other properties
Other historic properties include:
Ashleigh is a 1900 frame house of two stories with a large veranda.
Aspen Hill is a two-story late-19th century frame house with a lancet gable window.
Fair Oaks is a two-story frame house built about 1900 with an Ionic Classical Revival veranda.
Green "K" Acres (Oakleigh) is a late 19th-century two-story frame house with a veranda.
Hard Bargain is a Stick Style two-story frame house with an irregular plan and a veranda.
Hill House is a 1918 two-story frame house.
Midloch is a circa 1900 two-story frame house with paneled chimneys and a large veranda.
Mill View is a -story frame house dating to the late 18th century, with a two-story addition.
Peers House is an 1857 two-story frame house with a hipped roof and a cross gable. A second Peers House was built in the late 19th century with sawn ornament on its two-story porch.
Sunny Banks is an 1888 two-story Queen Anne Victorian frame house featuring foundation to roof front bay windows.
Sunny View was built about 1900. It is a two-story frame house with a large veranda.
The district also includes the village of Poindexter at the intersection of Virginia Routes 613 and 640.
Status
On May 30, 1974, the district was declared a National Historic Landmark. On December 12, 1977, the United States Secretary of the Interior agreed to accept preservation easements for nearly half of the in the district. These allow the NPS to own development rights to the land, and to ensure its continuing rural and agricultural nature. The district is an affiliated area of Shenandoah National Park. The National Park Service does not provide any facilities in the district.
See also
List of National Historic Landmarks in Virginia
National Register of Historic Places listings in Louisa County, Virginia
References
The National Parks: Index 2001–2003. Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior.
External links
Official NPS website: Green Springs
Green Springs Historic District NHL information
Barton House, Near Route 15, Boswells Tavern vicinity, Louisa, VA at the Historic American Buildings Survey (HABS)
Ashleigh (Main House), Route 22 vicinity, Gordonsville vicinity, Louisa, VA at HABS
Beau Allyn, Route 22 vicinity, Gordonsville, Orange County, VA at HABS
Belle Monte (Main House), Route 22 vicinity, Gordonsville vicinity, Louisa, VA at HABS
Bracketts Farm (Main House), Routes 638 & 640 vicinity, Trevilians vicinity, Louisa, VA at HABS
East View, Near Route 613, Trevilians vicinity, Louisa, VA at HABS
Ferncliff Farm, Tenant House, Route 613 & South Anna Bridge vicinity, Trevilians, Louisa County, VA at HABS
Galway, Near Routes 22 & 636, Gordonsville, Orange County, VA at HABS
Glen Burnie (Main House), Route 613, Trevilians, Louisa County, VA at HABS
Green "K" Acres, Route 617, Gordonsville vicinity, Louisa, VA at HABS
Hard Bargain (Main House), Near Routes 695, 636 & 613 vicinity, Trevilians vicinity, Louisa, VA at HABS
Kenmuir (Main House), Route 613, Trevilians vicinity, Louisa, VA at HABS
Mill View (Main House), Near Route 613, Trevilians vicinity, Louisa, VA at HABS
Mill View, Barns, Route 613 vicinity, Trevilians, Louisa County, VA at HABS
Mill View, Ice House, Route 613 vicinity, Trevilians, Louisa County, VA at HABS
Misty Meadows, Near Routes 613 & 607 Intersection, Trevilians, Louisa County, VA at HABS
Prospect Hill (Main House), Near Routes 613 & 607 Intersection, Trevilians vicinity, Louisa, VA at HABS
Quaker Hill (Main House), Route 613, Trevilians vicinity, Louisa, VA at HABS
Quaker Hill, Barn & Shed, Route 613, Trevilians, Louisa County, VA at HABS
Sunny Banks (Main House), Near Route 640, Trevilians vicinity, Louisa, VA at HABS
Sunny Banks, Barn No. 1, Near Route 640, Trevilians, Louisa County, VA at HABS
Sunny Banks, Barn No. 2, Near Route 640, Trevilians, Louisa County, VA at HABS
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Virginia
Historic American Buildings Survey in Virginia
Federal architecture in Virginia
Italianate architecture in Virginia
Geography of Louisa County, Virginia
National Historic Landmarks in Virginia
Protected areas established in 1974
National Register of Historic Places in Louisa County, Virginia
Houses in Louisa County, Virginia
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Virginia
National Historic Landmark Districts | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green%20Springs%20National%20Historic%20Landmark%20District |
Altıntaş (, or ܟܦܪܙܐ, ) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Midyat, Mardin Province in southeastern Turkey. The village is inhabited by Kurds of the Dermemikan tribe and by Assyrians who belong to the Syriac Orthodox Church and speak Turoyo, a dialect of Neo-Aramaic.
In the village, there are churches of Yoldath Aloho, Mor Yohannon, Mor Abrohom, and Mor Izozoel. There is also the ruins of the churches of Mor Eliyo and Mor Malke. The monastery of Mor Moses was located nearby the village, which was constructed by 1085 AD.
The village had a population of 214 in 2021.
Etymology
The Turkish name of the village comprises two words, "altın" ("gold" in Turkish) and "taş" ("stone" in Turkish), therefore Altıntaş translates to "gold stone". The Syriac name of the village is derived from "kfar" ("village" in Syriac).
History
It was attested that Emperor Anastasius I Dicorus () had constructed a church at Kfarze, however, the historian Andrew Palmer argues this was fabricated to add historicity. The church of Mor Izozoel at Kfarze was likely constructed in the late 7th century AD. The village is first mentioned in 935 AD (AG 1246), as attested by an inscription to commemorate the construction of the outdoor oratory () at the church of Mor Izozoel. The church of Mor Izozoel was looted by Kurds in 1416, and led to the loss of an icon of the church's patron saint.
The Kurdish rebel Izz al-Din Scher (), a relative of Emir Bedir Khan Beg of Bohtan, attacked Kfarze in 1855, which resulted in severe damage to the church of Mor Izozoel and the death of many of the village's inhabitants, including four priests. The village was visited by the British archaeologist Gertrude Bell in 1909 and 1911. During the Assyrian genocide, upon receiving news of an impending Kurdish attack, most of the village's Assyrian population fled to Inwardo whilst those who remained were killed. The survivors later returned to Kfarze in 1922. Part of the nave vault of the church of Mor Izozoel collapsed during the First World War or immediately after, and was restored in 1936. A significant number of the village's Assyrian population emigrated abroad to Germany, Belgium, and France in the late 20th century.
Demography
The following is a list of the number of Assyrian families that have inhabited Kfarze per year stated. Unless otherwise stated, all figures are from the list provided in Eastern Christianity, Theological Reflection on Religion, Culture, and Politics in the Holy Land and Christian Encounter with Islam and the Muslim World, as noted in the bibliography below.
1914:
1966: 130
1978: 68
1979: 64
1981: 42
1987: 27
1995: 12
1997: 12
2005: 12
2013: 11–12
The following is a list of Kurdish families that have inhabited Kfarze per year stated:
1914: 70
2005: 35–40
2013: 23
Notable people
Saint Severus of Kfarze, abbot of Qartmin ().
Dionysius David, Syriac Orthodox archbishop of Qartmin and Beth Risha ().
Basil Behnam, Syriac Orthodox maphrian of Tur Abdin ().
Yuhanna Awgen, Syriac Orthodox archbishop of Qartmin ().
Julius Simon, Syriac Orthodox archbishop of the Monastery of the Cross ().
Cyril Zaytun Sawar, Syriac Orthodox archbishop of the Monastery of the Cross ().
Dionysius Isa Gürbüz, Syriac Orthodox Patriarchal Vicar of Switzerland & Austria (b. 1964)
References
Notes
Citations
Bibliography
Assyrian communities in Turkey
Tur Abdin
Neighbourhoods in Midyat District
Places of the Assyrian genocide
Kurdish settlements in Mardin Province | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alt%C4%B1nta%C5%9F%2C%20Midyat |
Graham Hopkins (born 20 December 1975) is an Irish drummer. He was the drummer in The Swell Season, The Frames and rock band Therapy?.
Biography
Early years
Hopkins was born in Dublin and was brought up in Clane, County Kildare in a musical family (his father, Des being a jazz drummer). He was surrounded by music from an early age and began playing the drums at approximately four or five years old. In 1993, he left school to join My Little Funhouse, a band from County Kilkenny. The band had already released their debut album Standunder on Geffen Records, when Graham joined. The band toured for about a year in support of the album, mainly in the United States. Tours included support to Guns N' Roses and the Ramones amongst others. The band then lived in Los Angeles and recorded a second album for Geffen before imploding.
Notable appearances
Therapy?
Hopkins moved on, joining the popular Northern Irish band Therapy? in 1996, recording three studio albums – Semi-Detached, Suicide Pact – You First, Shameless – and also recorded new songs with the band for So Much for the Ten Year Plan: A Retrospective 1990-2000. His first public appearance with Therapy? was at the IRMA Awards, Dublin on 29 March 1996. Hopkins played his first full gig with Therapy? at a fan-club members only show at The Attic, Dublin on 10 April 1996. His last show was at the Ambassador Theatre, Dublin on 8 December 2001.
Gemma Hayes
After leaving Therapy? in December 2001 Hopkins was asked to tour with Irish singer/songwriter Gemma Hayes. He toured with Hayes for over a year – supporting her Mercury Music Prize-nominated album Night on My Side.
Halite
Hopkins then went on to record two albums with his own band Halite. Halite began as a solo project for Graham, who debuted with the critically acclaimed first album "Head On" with Warner Bros. Records in 2003. Head On was an off-kilter melodic pop/rock album. He played most instruments on the record but needed musicians to help out for playing live. He asked his friends Binzer Brennan, Keith Farrell and Derren Dempsey if they would tour with him. Halite then grew into a fully formed band. They soon went on to record and independently release their second album "Courses" in 2004. Halite played numerous shows over the following two years, including opening the Slane Concert in 2003 for Red Hot Chili Peppers and Foo Fighters. In early 2005, due to commitments with others projects from each member, the band was put on hold.
Boss Volenti
Hopkins was a member of Dublin band Boss Volenti for three years. He drummed on their self-titled debut album released in 2006 but left the band immediately after their appearance at Electric Picnic 2008.
The Cake Sale
Hopkins appeared as part of the band on the 2006 Oxfam charity album, The Cake Sale.
Snow Patrol
Hopkins spent the early part of 2007 stepping in as drummer for Snow Patrol on their European, Australian, New Zealand and American tours.
Dolores O'Riordan
He drummed on Dolores O'Riordan's debut solo album, Are You Listening? in 2007 before embarking on a worldwide tour with her.
Once and The Swell season
Hopkins also played on the soundtrack to the Irish Oscar-winning musical film Once which was written and directed by John Carney. He drummed on a few of the songs with Glen Hansard of The Frames and Markéta Irglová.
Hopkins toured with The Swell Season, which features Glen Hansard, Markéta Irglová and members of The Frames. The Swell Season released their second album, Strict Joy, in September 2009.
Others
Hopkins has played drums on numerous albums, both Irish and internationally, including with The Frames, The Swell Season, David Kitt, Mundy, The Reindeer Section, Josh Ritter, Jape, The Pale and Pugwash amongst many others.
Hopkins plays Zildjian cymbals, Aquarian drumheads, uses Vic Firth sticks and Drum Workshop drums, drum hardware and pedals.
Short selected discography
Therapy? – Semi-Detached (1998)
Therapy? – Suicide Pact-You First (1999)
Therapy? – So Much For the Ten Year Plan (2000)
Therapy? – Shameless (2001)
Therapy? – Music Through a Cheap Transistor (2007)
The Frames – Dance the Devil (1999)
The Frames – Burn the Maps (2004)
The Frames – The Cost (2006)
David Kitt – Square 1 (2003)
David Kitt – Not Fade Away (2006)
Pugwash – Jollity (2005)
Pugwash – Giddy (2009)
Dolores O'Riordan – Are You Listening? (2007)
Jape – The Monkeys in the Zoo Have More Fun Than Me (2005)
Miriam Ingram – Trampoline (2006)
Boss Volenti – Boss Volenti (2006)
Ann Scott – We're Smiling (2006)
The Cake Sale – The Cake Sale (2006)
Once – Once soundtrack (2007)
The Swell Season – Strict Joy (2009)
Oliver Cole – We Albatri (2010)
Q (Colm Quearney) – Root to the Fruit (2010)
References
1975 births
Living people
Irish rock drummers
Musicians from County Dublin
Therapy? members
21st-century drummers
The Frames members
The Swell Season members
People from Clane
Musicians from County Kildare | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graham%20Hopkins |
Babeland, until 2005 known as Toys in Babeland, is a sex toy boutique offering erotic toys, books and pornographic films. Babeland has an online store and four retail stores (in Seattle, Brooklyn, and two in Manhattan).
History
Claire Cavanah and Rachel Venning founded Toys in Babeland in 1993, in response to the lack of women-friendly sex shops in Seattle. The store's name is a spoonerism of Babes in Toyland, a feminist riot grrrl punk band and Babes in Toyland, the title of a 1934 Laurel & Hardy film. Committed to offering information and encouragement to women who wanted to explore their sexuality, the owners focused on selling quality sex toys in a boutique-like setting.
In 1995, Toys in Babeland started its mail order business with a small print catalog based out of their Seattle store. Shortly thereafter, in 1996, the Toys in Babeland website followed. In 1998, the owners opened their second Toys in Babeland store in New York City, on the Lower East Side of Manhattan. In 2003, they opened another New York store, in SoHo. In 2005, Babeland debuted its fourth store in Los Angeles, which has since closed. In 2008, Babeland opened a new location in Park Slope, Brooklyn, making a total of three stores in New York City.
In 2003, Venning and Cavanah published Sex Toys 101: The Ultimate Guide to Choosing and Using Sex Toys.
In 2008, Babeland ran a promotion in which they gave away a free sex toy to anyone who voted in that November's election.
In January 2010, Venning and Cavanah, in association with Jessica Vitkus, published a second book: Moregasm: Babeland's Guide to Mind-Blowing Sex
In May 2016, the Babeland stores in New York City voted to be represented by the Retail, Wholesale and Department Store Union, becoming the first U.S. sex shops to be unionized.
In August 2017, Babeland was sold to rival sex shop Good Vibrations. Babeland continues to operate as a separate brand.
Notable employees
Queer erotica author Dena Hankins worked at Babeland as Web Operations Manager from 1998 to 2006.
Awards
Babeland has received numerous awards over the years, including a 2006 Zagat's Survey award as "the best shopping experience in New York." It was voted "Best Place to Buy Sex Toys" by The Village Voice , Voted "Best Sex Shop" of 2016 & 2017 by the Best of Seattle 2016 Reader Poll in Seattle Weekly
Books published by Babeland
References
External links
Babeland website
BDSM organizations
Companies based in Seattle
History of women in New York City
History of women in Washington (state)
Sex shops
Sexuality in the United States
Women and sexuality
Women in New York City
Women's organizations based in the United States | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babeland |
Beall Woods State Park is an Illinois state park on bordering the Wabash River and Keensburg in Wabash County, Illinois in the United States. of the state park is an old-growth forest designated as a Natural Area by the state of Illinois. The trees within the forest consist overwhelmingly of hardwoods of the former Eastern Woodlands ecosystem. Portions of Beall Woods State Park have been designated a National Natural Landmark as the Forest of the Wabash. The state park was created in 1966. The nearest towns with any sizable commercial infrastructure, including hotels and grocery stores, are Grayville and Mount Carmel. The park does host a small primitive campground and maintains a visitor center which opened in April 2001. The park maintains of hiking trails, primarily through the Forest of the Wabash portion of the park.
Forest of the Wabash
The Forest of the Wabash Natural Area within Beall Woods State Park contains trees from 64 separate species. Foresters have counted more than 300 climax trees with trunks of greater than diameter at breast i.e. high. Some of the trees in the Forest of the Wabash are more than tall.
Trees of note include the white oak (the state tree of Illinois), the tuliptree (the state tree of Indiana, across the Wabash River), the American sycamore, and the American Sweetgum. One of the sweetgums of this Forest is designated as the "state champion" tree as being the largest member of this species known to grow within the boundaries of Illinois.
The Forest of the Wabash was patented by the federal government to the Beall family in the early 19th century, and was owned by them as an undisturbed woodlot until the 1960s. Meanwhile, almost all of the other old-growth trees in the Wabash Valley were cut down to harvest fine hardwoods, cut timber, or even for firewood. Upon the death of Laura Beall, the last private-sector guardian of the Forest of the Wabash, and after a fight with a lumber company, in 1965 the State of Illinois condemned the Beall farm and forest for public use.
In 2007, Beall Woods State Park was designated as an Important Bird Area of Illinois.
References
State parks of Illinois
Protected areas of Wabash County, Illinois
Protected areas established in 1966
National Natural Landmarks in Illinois
Old-growth forests
1966 establishments in Illinois | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beall%20Woods%20State%20Park |
Conal James Platt (born 14 October 1986) is a semi-professional footballer who plays as a forward.
He signed for Waverley Park FC in 2021 and won league 2 promotion with the mighty greens led by Paul Hopkins.
Early life
Platt has one older brother and two younger sisters. He is eligible to play for the Republic of Ireland due to his Irish descent from his grandfather, Timothy Bryan. He was discovered by a Liverpool scout whilst playing for Fulwood and Cadley boys football club.
Career
He played for Preston Schoolboys aged 14–15, one of the most successful schoolboy teams Preston ever had. Aged 16 he went on to play for Lancashire Schools, Northwest Counties Schools and was finally selected for the English Schools squad (teams are selected on where you go school not on nationality). He was also an Irish Youth international.
After finishing his high school studies at Our Lady's High School he continued his studies on a scholarship at Liverpool Football Academy. After regular appearances with both the youth team and Liverpool reserves although he was released by Liverpool at the end of the 2005 season, after failing to make the grade.
He joined AFC Bournemouth in May 2006 and made his debut after coming on as a substitute in the 75th minute in a 3–1 defeat to Southend United in the League Cup. He joined Morecambe on loan, initially for a period of one month, in November 2006. Limited to a few appearances at Morecambe, Platt picked up an injury in a match against Southport, and returned to Bournemouth when his loan ended in January 2007, before being loaned again to Weymouth. He was released by Bournemouth in May 2007 and joined Weymouth permanently.
Platt joined Rushden & Diamonds on loan in February 2008 where he made a total of 10 appearances.
On 20 May 2008 it was announced that Platt had joined Forest Green Rovers. He impressed in his first season with Forest Green and earned himself a one-year contract for the 2009–10 season.
Platt joined Cambridge United in June 2010 after featuring in 80 league games for Forest Green, whilst scoring 10 goals in a two-season spell. A compensation fee was agreed by both clubs for the transfer. Platt begun the season well, although an early injury hindered him and he never really regained full form for the rest of the 2010–11 campaign.
Platt joined fellow Conference National side AFC Telford United on loan in September 2011 for a month. He returned to Cambridge United in October 2011.
Platt was then sent out on loan again to Lincoln City and when he returned to Cambridge in January 2012 he had his contract terminated and subsequently signed an 18-month permanent contract at Sincil Bank with Lincoln. On 21 February 2012 he suffered a broken tibia following a 50/50 challenge with James Chambers in a behind-closed-doors friendly against Doncaster Rovers. The injury would keep him out of action for almost a year, with Platt describing the recovery as a mental process as well as a physical one. He returned to action as a late substitute for Nicky Nicolau is Lincoln City's 4-2 Football Conference defeat at Southport on 8 January 2013 but this would prove to be his last action for the club as he left the club by mutual consent on 7 March 2013 with the club's new manager Gary Simpson reasoning that the club's relegation battle meant that Platt was unable to be given the games needed to regain full fitness. Platt immediately joined Gainsborough Trinity on a free transfer, making nine Football Conference North appearances for the club without scoring, before leaving the club at the end of the season having returned to the North-West to live.
In July 2013 he joined Stalybridge Celtic, linking up with his former boss at Forest Green, Jim Harvey.
References
External links
Ex-academy striker joins Bournemouth, retrieved 27 September 2014.
1986 births
Living people
Republic of Ireland men's association footballers
Liverpool F.C. players
AFC Bournemouth players
Morecambe F.C. players
Weymouth F.C. players
Rushden & Diamonds F.C. players
Forest Green Rovers F.C. players
Cambridge United F.C. players
National League (English football) players
Lincoln City F.C. players
Gainsborough Trinity F.C. players
Stalybridge Celtic F.C. players
AFC Telford United players
Men's association football forwards | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conal%20Platt |
Crystallization is a concept, developed in 1822 by the French writer Stendhal, which describes the process, or mental metamorphosis, in which unattractive characteristics of a new love are transformed into perceptual diamonds of shimmering beauty. According to a quotation by Stendhal: What I call 'crystallization' is the operation of the mind that draws from all that presents itself the discovery that the loved object has some new perfections.
Origin of term
In the summer of 1818 Stendhal took a trip to the salt mines of Hallein near Salzburg with his friend and associate Madame Gherardi. Here they discovered the phenomenon of salt “crystallization” and used it as a metaphor for human relationships.
"In the salt mines, nearing the end of the winter season, the miners will throw a leafless wintry bough into one of the abandoned workings. Two or three months later, through the effects of the waters saturated with salt which soak the bough and then let it dry as they recede, the miners find it covered with a shining deposit of crystals. The tiniest twigs no bigger than a tom-tit’s claw are encrusted with an infinity of little crystals scintillating and dazzling. The original little bough is no longer recognizable; it has become a child’s plaything very pretty to see. When the sun is shining and the air is perfectly dry the miners of Hallein seize the opportunity of offering these diamond-studded boughs to travellers preparing to go down to the mine."
Story behind term
Along one particular trip into the 500-ft deep Salzburg mines, Stendhal and Madame Gherardi were introduced to an intelligent Bavarian officer who thereafter joined their company. Soon enough, the officer began to become quite taken by Madame Gherardi. The officer, according to Stendhal, could be seen to be visually "falling in love" with her. What struck Stendhal the most, as an undertone of madness grew moment by moment in the discourse of the officer, was how the officer saw perfections in this woman which were more or less invisible to Stendhal's eyes. For example, he began to praise Madame Gherardi's hand, which had been curiously marked by smallpox in her childhood and had remained very pocked and rather brown.
Stendhal reasoned, "How shall I explain what I see?" He wondered, "Where shall I find a comparison to illustrate my thought?" Just at that moment Madame Gherardi was toying with a pretty branch covered with salt crystals which the miners had given her. The sun was shining and the salt prisms glittered like the finest diamonds in a brightly lit ballroom. From this observation Stendhal formulated his concept of mental "crystallization" and thus set forth to explain it to Madame Gherardi, who was curiously unaware of the officer's enhanced infatuation for her.
He told her, "The effect produced on this young man by the nobility of your Italian features and those eyes of which he has never seen the like is precisely similar to the effect of crystallization upon that little branch of hornbeam you hold in your hand and which you think so pretty. Stripped of its leaves by the winter it was certainly anything but dazzling until the crystallization of the salt covered its black twigs with such a multitude of shining diamonds that only here and there can one still see the twigs as they really are." That is, "This branch is a faithful representation of la Ghita (Madame Gherardi) as viewed by the imagination of this young officer."
Thus, according to Stendhal, the moment one begins to take interest in a person, one no longer sees him or her as they really are, but as it suits one to see them. According to this metaphor, one sees flattering illusions created by a nascent interest; illusions analogous to pretty diamonds hiding a leafless branch of hornbeam, perceived only by the eyes of the one falling in love.
Process of crystallization
Stendhal describes or compares the “birth of love” in a new relationship as being a process similar or analogous to a trip to Rome. In the analogy the city of Bologna represents indifference and Rome represents perfect love:
"When we are in Bologna, we are entirely indifferent; we are not concerned to admire in any particular way the person with whom we shall perhaps one day be madly in love with; even less is our imagination inclined to overrate their worth." In a word, in Bologna “crystallization” has not yet begun. When the journey begins, love departs. One leaves Bologna, climbs the Apennines, and takes the road to Rome. The departure, according to Stendhal, has nothing to do with one's will; it is an instinctive moment. This transformative process actuates in terms of four steps along a journey:
Admiration – one marvels at the qualities of the loved one.
Acknowledgement – one acknowledges the pleasantness of having gained the loved one's interest.
Hope – one envisions gaining the love of the loved one.
Delight – one delights in overrating the beauty and merit of the person whose love one hopes to win.
This journey or crystallization process, shown above, was detailed by Stendhal on the back of a playing card while speaking to Madame Gherardi, during his trip to the Salzburg salt mine.
Applications
Psychologist Dorothy Tennov describes the process as a transformation in which the loved one's characteristics are crystallized via mental events and neurological reconfigurations such that attractive characteristics are exaggerated and unattractive characteristics are given little or no attention. She uses this basis for her description of a "limerent object", related to the concept of limerence.
References
Love
Stendhal | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystallization%20%28love%29 |
Regnosaurus (meaning "Sussex lizard") is a genus of herbivorous stegosaurian dinosaur that lived during the Early Cretaceous Period in what is now England. It was one of the first stegosaurs discovered.
Discovery and species
The fossil remains, a portion of the right lower jaw, were found near Cuckfield in Sussex, and made part of the collection of the British Museum of Natural History. In 1839 Gideon Mantell reported having noticed the fossil during a visit. Mantell soon came to the conclusion that the specimen represented the, until then unknown, lower jaw of his Iguanodon, probably that of a juvenile. On 8 February 1841 he presented it as such to the Royal Society. This interpretation was immediately challenged by Richard Owen, who felt that any proof of a connection was lacking. In 1848, after several real jaws of Iguanodon had been discovered, Mantell changed his position, concluding it was a related but different genus or subgenus, coining the name Regnosaurus Northamptoni. The generic name is derived from the Regni, a British tribe inhabiting Sussex. The specific name honours Spencer Compton, 2nd Marquess of Northampton, the president of the Royal Society, who was about to resign. By present conventions, the type species is written as Regnosaurus northamptoni.
Regnosaurus is known only from the holotype BMNH 2422, a right mandibular (lower jaw) fragment, consisting of a third of the dentary and a part of the splenial, found in the Tunbridge Wells Sand Formation. The specimen is six inches long and shows fifteen tooth sockets. Also some replacement teeth are visible. Other bone fragments have sometimes been referred to Regnosaurus, such as a fossil pubis recovered on the Isle of Wight, but as these are of other parts of the body and a reasonably complete skeleton is lacking, the identity cannot be proven. The same is true for some dermal spikes reported by William Blows. Regnosaurus was probably a rather small animal, about 4 metres (13 feet) long.
Phylogeny
First seen as some iguanodontid, Regnosaurus was later connected to armoured dinosaurs. In 1888 Richard Lydekker assigned it to the Scelidosauridae. In 1909 Friedrich von Huene classified it in the stegosaurian Omosauridae and in 1911 Alfred von Zittel assigned it to the Stegosauridae but these groups then had a different content and also included armoured forms. In 1956 Alfred Romer synonymised it with Hylaeosaurus. An entirely different suggestion was made by John Ostrom who surmised it might have been a sauropod.
The first to state that it was a stegosaurian in the modern sense was George Olshevsky in 1993. This was confirmed by Paul Barrett and Paul Upchurch in 1995 who concluded that it is a stegosaur similar to Huayangosaurus, as the jaws are very similar. As the remains are so limited, many recent researchers have concluded Regnosaurus to be a nomen dubium.
See also
Timeline of stegosaur research
References
Stegosaurs
Barremian life
Hauterivian life
Valanginian life
Early Cretaceous dinosaurs of Europe
Cretaceous England
Fossils of England
Fossil taxa described in 1848
Taxa named by Gideon Mantell
Nomina dubia
Ornithischian genera | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regnosaurus |
Sarras is a mystical island to which the Holy Grail is brought in the Arthurian legend. In the Lancelot-Grail Cycle, Joseph of Arimathea and his followers visit the island on their way to Britain; while there Joseph's son Josephus is invested as a bishop and shown the mysteries of the Grail by Christ himself. The party wins many converts, and moves on to Britain where they establish a great line of kings. After they achieve the Grail the knights Galahad, Percival, and Bors return the object to Sarras aboard Solomon's ship, but they find the residents fallen back to paganism. The Grail knights restore the people's faith and preside over them benevolently for a year, but Galahad dies in ecstasy when the Grail is taken to Heaven by God, and Percival follows him shortly after. Bors returns to Arthur's kingdom to tell the tale.
The Lancelot-Grail Cycle places Sarras on the road from Jerusalem to the Euphrates and Babylon, and it is considered the origin of the name "Saracens" for Muslims. In reality "Saracens" was a Greek designation for Arab tribes of the Sinai Desert.
References
Norris J. Lacy (editor), Lancelot-Grail: The Old French Arthurian Vulgate and Post-Vulgate Cycles in Translation, 5 volumes.
External links
Sarras | The Camelot Project
Fictional islands
Locations associated with Arthurian legend | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarras |
The (Roman Catholic) Diocese of Hakha (, ) is located in the Chin State and the Sagaing Division in northwestern Myanmar. It is a suffragan diocese of the archdiocese of Mandalay.
The diocese was created on November 21, 1992 by splitting off the territory from the archdiocese of Mandalay.
The diocese covers an area of 27,516 km². It is subdivided into 31 parishes. 31,624 of the 485,247 people in the area belong to the Catholic Church, 76% of the population belong to the Protestant church.
List of bishops
Nicholas Mang Thang, (November 21, 1992 - November 30, 2011)
Lucius Hre Kung, (appointed bishop 19 October 2013)
External links
Catholic-hierarchy.org
Roman Catholic dioceses in Burma
Christian organizations established in 1992
Roman Catholic dioceses and prelatures established in the 20th century | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman%20Catholic%20Diocese%20of%20Hakha |
Revueltosaurus ("Revuelto lizard") is an extinct genus of suchian pseudosuchian from Late Triassic (late Carnian to middle Norian stage) deposits of New Mexico, Arizona and North Carolina, United States. Many specimens, mostly teeth, have been assigned to Revueltosaurus over the years. Currently, three species are included in this genus, all of which were originally thought to represent monospecific genera of basal ornithischian dinosaurs. It was 1 meter (3.3 feet) long.
Species
Revueltosaurus callenderi
R. callenderi was named by Adrian P. Hunt in 1989 and it is the type species of the genus. The generic name honors its type locality, Revuelto Creek, Quay County of New Mexico. Revuelto is derived from Spanish revuelta, "revolution", in reference to the importance of the Late Triassic period for terrestrial vertebrate evolution. The specific name honours the director of the New Mexico Museum of Natural History Jonathan F. Callender. R. callenderi was originally described as a basal ornithischian on the basis of 32 teeth: the holotype NMMNH P-4957 a nearly complete premaxillary (incisiform) tooth, the paratypes (NMMNH P-4958-9, a nearly complete maxillary or dentary tooth crown with root and a nearly complete premaxillary tooth crown) and 28 referred specimens. All specimens were collected from the type locality, from the Bull Canyon Formation, dating to the Norian stage.
Later, other teeth were described by Padian (1990), Kaye and Padian (1994) and Hunt and Lucas (1994), from Chinle Formation of Arizona. Andrew B. Heckert (2002) redescribed the genus in detail and named a second species, R. hunti on the basis of teeth described by Hunt and Lucas (1994). He referred MNA V3690, an isolated tooth assigned by Kaye and Padian (1994) to R. callenderi from the Placerias/Downs quarry near St Johns, Arizona, to Tecovasaurus. Heckert listed the referred specimens CMNH PR1697-1699 originally described by Padian (1990) and the topotypes NMMNH P-4960, P-16573, P-33783-798. Four teeth were referred to aff. Revueltosaurus callenderi (NMMNH P-17362, P-17382 and P-17187). R. callenderi is known to date only from the Revueltian (early-mid Norian, the type locality dates back to the early Norian) of Bull Canyon Formation (Dockum Group, New Mexico) and the Painted Desert of the Petrified Forest Member (Chinle Formation, Arizona). Parker et al. (2005) described several partially complete skeletons of R. callenderi (PEFO 33787-95), including a nearly complete and a partial skulls, from the Revueltosaurus Quarry, Petrified Forest National Park. Other skeletons were discovered from the Painted Desert, including the nearly complete specimen PEFO 34561 which have been fully reconstructed recently. According to Sterling J. Nesbitt (2011), much of the Revueltosaurus cranial and postcranial material originates from a monotypic bonebed. Some specimens occur as isolated bones, while others are completely associated and even fully articulated. Thus, nearly the entire skeleton of R. callenderi is known and a full description of it is being prepared.
Revueltosaurus hunti
R. hunti was named by Andrew B. Heckert in 2002 as a basal ornithischian. The specific name honours the paleontologist Adrian P. Hunt for his contributions to the Triassic paleontology. It is known from the holotype NMMNH P-29357, a nearly complete tooth crown, the paratypes NMMNH P-29358-9 and topotypes P-29347-54 (and aff. R. hunti specimens NMMNH P-29355, P-29359) which were collected in the NMMNH locality 1171, Santa Fe County, New Mexico from the Los Esteros Member of the Santa Rosa Formation, Chinle Group, dating to the latest Carnian stage (Adamanian). Other isolated teeth (which Long and Murry (1995) assigned to R. callenderi) were collected two localities in the Blue Hills, east-central Arizona, from the Blue Mesa Member of the Chinle Formation, dating also to the latest Carnian. UCMP locality V92048 have yielded the topotypes UCMPV 173839-41, and the referred teeth UCMPV 139563-75 are from UCMP locality V7307.
Parker et al. (2005) confirmed that R. hunti may be assignable to Revueltosaurus, on the basis of undescribed squamosal collected from its referred locality that is nearly identical to that seen in the Petrified Forest material of R. callenderi, thus suggesting that R. hunti is a pseudosuchian. In response to the report that R. callenderi was not an ornithischian, Heckert (2005) erected a new genus for R. hunti, Krzyzanowskisaurus. He suggested that the denticulated shelf on the teeth represented a cingulum. Irmis et al. (2007) and Nesbitt et al. (2007) synonymized Krzyzanowskisaurus with Revueltosaurus, and argued that this condition of the dentation is an autapomorphy of R. hunti and is not homologous to the ornithischian asymmetric swelling or a mammalian cingulum.
Revueltosaurus olseni
R. olseni was named by Hunt and Lucas in 1994 as a basal ornithischian, under the generic name Pekinosaurus. The generic name honors Pekin, North Carolina, where its type series was collected. The specific name honours the paleontologist Paul E. Olsen. Hunt and Lucas named the genus on the basis of the teeth series YPM 7666-9. Note that they designed the holotype to be YPM 8545, but the correct designation is YPM 7666 following Heckert et al. (2012). The type series of R. olseni was thought to originate from the Pekin Formation of Montgomery County. Heckert et al. (2012) noted that recent field work has shown that strata formerly assigned to that formation, including the type locality of R. olseni, actually pertain to the overlying Cumnock Formation (located in the Sanford Subbasin, Deep River Basin). Hence, the type locality and the newly discovered Moncure locality are from the same stratigraphic interval. The Cumnock Formation belongs to the Chathan Group (of the Newark Supergroup), which is recognized as Late Triassic in age. Most workers have assigned the Cumnock Formation a Carnian age. Most recent work, however, demonstrates that much of it is in fact Norian in age. Therefore, the strata exposed at the Moncure locality are probably early Norian in age. The Moncure locality have yielded many referred specimens of R. olseni including NCSM 21647, NCSM 23539, 41-46, 48-50, 52-57, NCSM 24722, 58-62 and NCSM 25194-227. NCSM 24728, 25192-3 and 25228 were referred to ?Revueltosaurus. Some osteoderms were referred to it to, as they very similar to those seen in the Petrified Forest material of R. callenderi. R. olseni is thought to be one of the most common tetrapods from its assemblage.
Irmis et al. (2007) and Nesbitt et al. (2007) tentatively synonymized Pekinosaurus (and Galtonia) with Revueltosaurus, and refer its type series to Revueltosaurus sp. They noted that Hunt and Lucas (1994) did not provide any differential diagnosis, autapomorphies, or unique combination of characters for Pekinosaurus. Furthermore, they argued that it cannot be differentiated from R. callenderi. Heckert et al. (2012) agreed that R. olseni is extremely similar to R. callenderi, however they found that Pekinosaurus teeth have slightly different proportions and outline than R. callenderi. They provided a differential diagnosis for that species and referred it to Revueltosaurus, under the new combination R. olseni.
Classification
All species of Revueltosaurus were thought to represent monospecific genera of basal ornithischian dinosaurs based on their teeth. New discoveries of skeletal material of R. callenderi have suggested that Revueltosaurus is a pseudosuchian. According to William Parker, "we have pretty much erased the record of Triassic ornithischian dinosaurs from North America, Europe and worldwide, except for South America." His co-author Randall Irmis said, "because the teeth look like those we know from herbivorous ornithischians, people assigned them to the dinosaurs. We think we've shown that you can't rely on the dentition to determine what is an early dinosaur, which casts doubt on all the ornithischians from the Triassic of North America". Nearly complete specimens of R. callenderi were tested in a broad phylogenetic analysis of basal archosaurs for the first time when Sterling J. Nesbitt included the specimens PEFO 34561 and PEFO 34269 (a complete and a nearly complete skeleton, respectively) in his 2011 phylogenetic analysis. Revueltosaurus was placed at the base of the clade Suchia as the sister taxon to the armored and herbivorous aetosaurs. However, Revueltosaurus itself is not an aetosaur, since Aetosauria was redefined to exclude it. The analysis found Gracilisuchus, Turfanosuchus and the Revueltosaurus+Aetosauria clade to nest in a large polytomy with Ticinosuchus+Paracrocodylomorpha. The cladogram below follows Nesbitt (2011).
References
Sanders, Robert. June 24, 2005. Revueltosaurus skeleton unearthed at Petrified Forest upsets dinosaur tale. University of California Berkeley News. Retrieved March 15, 2006.
Prehistoric pseudosuchian genera
Late Triassic archosaurs of North America
Triassic archosaurs
Chinle fauna | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revueltosaurus |
In the history of science, the clockwork universe compares the universe to a mechanical clock. It continues ticking along, as a perfect machine, with its gears governed by the laws of physics, making every aspect of the machine predictable.
History
This idea was very popular among deists during the Enlightenment, when Isaac Newton derived his laws of motion, and showed that alongside the law of universal gravitation, they could predict the behaviour of both terrestrial objects and the Solar System.
A similar concept goes back, to John of Sacrobosco's early 13th-century introduction to astronomy: On the Sphere of the World. In this widely popular medieval text, Sacrobosco spoke of the universe as the machina mundi, the machine of the world, suggesting that the reported eclipse of the Sun at the crucifixion of Jesus was a disturbance of the order of that machine.
Responding to Gottfried Leibniz, a prominent supporter of the theory, in the Leibniz–Clarke correspondence, Samuel Clarke wrote:
"The Notion of the World's being a great Machine, going on without the Interposition of God, as a Clock continues to go without the Assistance of a Clockmaker; is the Notion of Materialism and Fate, and tends, (under pretence of making God a Supra-mundane Intelligence,) to exclude Providence and God's Government in reality out of the World."
In 2009, artist Tim Wetherell created a large wall piece for Questacon (The National Science and Technology centre in Canberra, Australia) representing the concept of the clockwork universe. This steel artwork contains moving gears, a working clock, and a movie of the lunar terminator.
See also
Mechanical philosophy
Determinism
Eternalism (philosophy of time)
Orrery
Philosophy of space and time
Superdeterminism
References
Further reading
E. J. Dijksterhuis (1961) The Mechanization of the World Picture, Oxford University Press
Dolnick, Edward (2011) The Clockwork Universe: Isaac Newton, the Royal Society, and the Birth of the Modern World, HarperCollins.
David Brewster (1850) "A Short Scheme of the True Religion", manuscript quoted in Memoirs of the Life, Writings and Discoveries of Sir Isaac Newton, cited in Dolnick, page 65.
Anneliese Maier (1938) Die Mechanisierung des Weltbildes im 17. Jahrhundert
Webb, R.K. ed. Knud Haakonssen (1996) "The Emergence of Rational Dissent." Enlightenment and Religion: Rational Dissent in Eighteenth-Century Britain, Cambridge University Press page 19.
Westfall, Richard S. Science and Religion in Seventeenth-Century England. p. 201.
Riskins, Jessica (2016) The Restless Clock: A History of the Centuries-Long Argument over What Makes Living Things Tick, University of Chicago Press.
External links
"The Clockwork Universe". The Physical World. Ed. John Bolton, Alan Durrant, Robert Lambourne, Joy Manners, Andrew Norton.
History of physics
Isaac Newton
Astronomical hypotheses
Anthropic principle
Physical cosmology
Determinism | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clockwork%20universe |
Ray Edmonds (born 25 April 1936 in Grimsby, Lincolnshire) is a former English professional player of English billiards and snooker. He twice won the World Amateur Snooker title, and won the World Professional Billiards Championship in 1985.
Playing career
Edmonds first played snooker as an amateur, winning the World Amateur crown in 1972 and 1974. After turning professional he reached the main stages World Snooker Championship on four occasions, in 1980, 1981, 1985 and 1986, on each occasion losing in the first round. He was as a semi-finalist at the 1981 English Professional Championship, and runner-up in the invitational 1982 Bass and Golden Leisure Classic.
Edmonds became World Professional Billiards Champion in 1985. At the 1988 Grand Prix (snooker), he reached the last-16 round.
In the qualifying competition for the 1994 World Snooker Championship, he lost 3–5 to Surinder Gill, and the following year he lost 4–5 to Darren Limburg. In 1995, he resigned from the board of the World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association after serving on it for 14 years.
Post-retirement
Edmonds set up the Ray Edmonds Snooker Centre in Grimsby in December 1983. He also worked as a snooker commentator with both ITV and the BBC, before retiring in 2004.
References
Living people
1936 births
Sportspeople from Grimsby
English players of English billiards
English snooker players
Snooker writers and broadcasters
World champions in English billiards | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray%20Edmonds |
Jouy-en-Josas () is a commune in the Yvelines department in the Île-de-France region in Northern France. It is located in the southwestern outer suburbs of Paris, from the centre of Paris, on the departmental border with Essonne. In 2019, it had a population of 8,049.
Jouy-en-Josas is home to the main campus of HEC School of Management (HEC Paris).
Geography
Jouy-en-Josas is four kilometres to the south-east of Versailles, and 19r km to the south-west of Paris, in the middle of the valley of the Bièvre river. A town with nearly eight thousand inhabitants, half of Jouy-en-Josas is covered by forest.
The communes that surround Jouy-en-Josas are Vélizy-Villacoublay, to the north-east, Bièvres to the east, Saclay to the south, Toussus-le-Noble to the extreme south-west, Les Loges-en-Josas to the west, Buc to the north-west and Versailles to the north-north-west.
History
Jouy is a direct translation of Latin gaudium, both meaning "joy". Josas was the ancient name of an archdiaconate of the archbishop of Paris. Although many discoveries in various parts of the town attest to there once having been a Gallo-Roman presence there, the first traces of the construction of a village are of the ninth century. Stimulated by the presence of monks from the abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Prés in Paris, Jouy grew rapidly, but the population was progressively annihilated in the fourteenth century by a number of wars and epidemics. By 1466, there were only three houses left in the village.
From that date forward, Jouy became home to several aristocratic families. A number of seigneurs from Jouy had close relations with the kings: Antoine d'Aquin was the personal doctor to Louis XIV, and his grandson, Antoine-Louis de Rouillé, became Secretary of State of the Navy and Foreign Affairs under Louis XV.
In 1759, Christophe-Philippe Oberkampf, an entrepreneur of German origins, moved to Jouy-en-Josas and started a factory there, which produced toile de Jouy, a cotton fabric printed with isolated engraved vignettes of historical figures or landscapes, usually printed in red or green on white cotton. He became the town's first mayor in 1790. Industry started to wane in 1799 and even further in 1815, when Napoleon was toppled and Oberkampf died. Oberkampf's motto, "Recte et Viligenter", Latin for "Uprightness and Vigilance", was used by the commune for its coat of arms.
The Cartier Foundation for Contemporary Art settled in Jouy-en-Josas for a short time, before moving to the Boulevard Raspail in Paris. Jouy is also the home of the HEC School of Management, one of the renowned grandes écoles, which moved there from Paris in 1964.
Main sights
The Roman Catholic Church of St Martin is a landmark of the town, characterized by its bell-tower. The oldest parts of the present church date back to the thirteenth century. Inside, one can admire many interesting statues and sculptures, out of which, a statue of the Virgin Mary is most prominent. The Church also preserves a painting of Jesus from the nineteenth century, by the little-known painter Félix Hullin de Boischevalier (1808-89.)
The tomb of Christophe-Philippe Oberkampf
The Chateau de l'Églantine, built by Maréchal Canrobert, is now a museum concerning toile de Jouy and its history.
The Château de Vilvert, built for Baron Cabrol de Monté, the mayor of Jouy from 1868 to 1879.
The house of Léon Blum and his cousin and third wife, Jeanne, who settled in Jouy after the Second World War. The house, called the Clos des Metz, has an office and library preserved just as Leon Blum had them.
Demographics
Inhabitants are called Jovaciens in French.
Economy
Jouy-en-Josas has a very low unemployment rate. According to data from 1999, the rate of unemployment in Jouy was only 5.4%, compared to a national rate of 12.9%. The income of an average Jovacian is twice as high as the national average: the average Jovacian earns around €43,934 per year, compared to the French average of €20,363. 41 companies were established in Jouy-en-Josas in 2004 alone. The town is estimated to have around 400 businesses in all sectors of the economy. The town is home to both traditionally French small businesses and to artisans. The area around Petit Robinson has also attracted many tertiary industries.
Jouy-en-Josas is home to a number of eminent higher education and research centres, such as HEC School of Management, the CRC (Centre for Managerial Research and Studies), and the INRA (National Institute for Agronomic Research.)
Transport
Jouy-en-Josas is served by two stations on Paris RER line C: Vauboyen and Jouy-en-Josas.
Twin towns
Meckesheim, Germany
Bothwell, United Kingdom
Gif-sur-Yvette, France
People
Arman, a French-American artist, has realized an enormous sculpture called "" in the park of Chateau Montcel
Jane Avril (1868–1943) lived in the centre of town
Léon Blum and his wife, Jeanne, moved to the town in 1950. In 1974, Jeanne founded a school here.
Booba, a French rapper who previously lived in Vélizy-Villacoublay, now lives in Jouy.
Albert Calmette (1861–1933) lived in a house called the Garenne des Metz.
Maréchal Canrobert, a general of Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte, had a château built there, which now serves as a museum concerning toile de Jouy.
The journalist and TV personality also lives in the Jocavian heights.
The painter, , was born in Jouy in 1869.
In 1834, Victor Hugo rented a small house in Metz, specifically for liaisons with his love interest, Juliette Drouet.
The TV presenter, Vincent Lagaf', has a house in Jouy.
Daisuke Matsui, the footballer from Le Mans, often spends the weekends in Jouy-en-Josas.
Patrick Modiano, born in 1945, spent his childhood in Jouy.
Ramzy, from the comedic duo, , is an inhabitant.
Elsa Zylberstein, an actress, grew up in Jouy
Popular culture
The French chanteur, Christophe, who lives in the nearby Juvisy-sur-Orge, is said to have written the words to his famous song, "Aline", in the café-restaurant Le Robin des Bois, across from the Jouy rail station.
Edgar P. Jacobs, author of the Blake and Mortimer books, located part of the action of his book, S.O.S Meteors (1958), in the Bièvre Valley, notably in Jouy, Buc and Les Loges-en-Josas.
In July 1990, The Velvet Underground played in Jouy, which was their first concert with Lou Reed since August 1970.
See also
Communes of the Yvelines department
References
External links
Official website
Communes of Yvelines
Textile arts of France | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jouy-en-Josas |
Karius and Bactus () is a Norwegian children's novel written and illustrated by playwright Thorbjørn Egner. The book was first published in 1949 and produced as a 15-minute puppet animation film by film director Ivo Caprino in 1955. An English translation by Mike Sevig and Turi Olderheim was published in the United States in 1986.
The main characters are Karius (black haired) and Bactus (red haired). Their names are puns on Caries and Bacteria, and they are two small "tooth trolls" that live inside cavities in the teeth of a boy named Jens. They have a very good life, especially when Jens eats white bread with syrup and fails to brush his teeth afterwards. Eventually their homes are destroyed by the work of a dentist and they are rinsed out of Jens' mouth through proper dental care.
The story of Karius and Bactus, with its humorous illustrations and important message, has become a classic of Norwegian children's literature. Since its publication, the idea of "tooth trolls" has been used as a pedagogical device for generations of Scandinavian children.
References
Other sources
Thorbjørn Egner (1971) Karius og Baktus (Oslo: Cappelen)
External links
Karius og Baktus home.online.no
Karius and Bactus bokmerker.org
1949 children's books
Children's novels
Dentistry education
Teeth in fiction
20th-century Norwegian novels
Works about dentistry
Norwegian children's literature
Fictional trolls
Literary duos
1949 fantasy novels
1940s fantasy novels | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karius%20and%20Bactus |
José Joaquín Vicente de Iturrigaray y Aróstegui, KOS (27 June 1742, Cádiz, Spain – 22 August 1815, Madrid) was a Spanish military officer and viceroy of New Spain, from 4 January 1803 to 16 September 1808, during Napoleon's invasion of Spain and the establishment of a Bonapartist regime in Spain. His plans to form a provisional autonomous government led to his arrest and deposition.
Origins and military career
Iturrigaray was born of a family of wealthy Vizcaíno (Basque) merchants in Cádiz. His parents were José Yturrigaray y Gainza, born in Pamplona, Navarre, and María Manuela de Aróstegui y Larrea, born in Aranaz, Navarre.
Under Charles III in 1762 he took part in the Spanish invasion of Portugal and in Gibraltar. In 1793, now under Charles IV, he earned fame for the courage shown in the War of the Pyrenees with Republican France. In 1801 he was commander in chief of the army of Andalucía in the so-called War of the Oranges with Portugal, under the command of Generalissimo Manuel de Godoy.
As viceroy of New Spain
After serving as governor of Cádiz from 1793 to 1798, Iturrigaray was named viceroy of New Spain by Godoy. Iturrigaray arrived in the colony in 1803 with his wife, María Inés de Jáuregui y Aróstegui. She was the daughter of Agustin de Jaúregui y Aldecoa, Viceroy of Peru, born in Lecároz, Valle de Baztán, Navarra, and María Luisa de Aróstegui y Bassave, born in Habana, Cuba, a first cousin of José de Iturrigaray y Aróstegui. When he passed through customs at Veracruz, he brought with him a huge shipment of goods, which entered free of duty because he declared it his personal baggage. The king sent him a large quantity of arms, which the viceroy provided to the regiments of Mexico and Puebla, then stationed in Cuba. Iturrigaray soon gained popularity for his friendly and jovial character, which contrasted with the austere character of his predecessor, Félix Berenguer de Marquina.
The king had ordered that the vineyards currently under cultivation could continue, but that the viceroy could not issue licenses for new vineyards. In 1803 the viceroy complained to the United States about the American vessels smuggling and fishing in waters of New Spain, particularly in California and Sonora.
In June he visited the current state of Guanajuato, for the announced purpose of opening a public granary. He also inspected the mines of La Valenciana and Rayas, and received a present of 1,000 ounces of gold. He offered to request from Spain a sufficient amount of mercury to work the mines. Passing through Celaya, he granted permission for the Ayuntamiento (city government) there to celebrate corridas (bullfights), and to build a bridge over the Río La Laja. The bridge was to be constructed under the direction of the architect Francisco Eduardo Tresguerras.
On December 9, 1803 he inaugurated Manuel Tolsá's bronze equestrian statue of Charles IV in the Zócalo in the Center of Mexico City. The first stone in the pedestal had been laid July 18, 1796 by then-Viceroy Miguel de la Grúa Talamanca y Branciforte, marqués de Branciforte, and the statue had been cast on August 4, 1802.
On March 22, 1803 the Prussian explorer and naturalist Baron Alexander von Humboldt arrived in Acapulco from Peru in the ship Pizarro. Humboldt spent a year in New Spain, spending time in Mexico City and especially important time in the mining area of Guanajuato. Since the crown had given Humboldt unlimited access to travel and investigate New Spain, Iturrigaray directly aided Humboldt's research, first published in his Political Essay on the Kingdom of New Spain. Humboldt estimated the population of New Spain to be 6 million.
On March 18, 1804 an expedition for the propagation of smallpox vaccine under Dr. Francisco Javier de Balmis also arrived. The viceroy's reception of this expedition was less enthusiastic than the leaders had anticipated. Nevertheless, Dr. Juan Arboleya vaccinated the son of the viceroy.
In March 1805 news was received in New Spain of the renewed declaration of war by Spain against Britain. Iturrigaray received orders to put the colony in a state of defense, and to increase the regular payments to Spain. To do this, he applied the Cédula de la Caja de Consolidación. This order was the equivalent of disentailment of the church because it ordered the transfer of income from the religious estates and foundations to the government. A direct result of this order was the strengthening of the Spanish opponents of the viceroyalty, who raised protests. Among them was Bishop Manuel Abad y Queipo.
Popular discontent grew with the increase in taxes. So did the discontent of the Peninsulares (Spaniards born in Spain), because of the favor shown by the viceroy to the Criollos (Spaniards born in America). And among the latter there began to appear a spirit of independence inspired by news of the disturbance at Aranjuez and the political defeat of Godoy. Iturrigaray saw the necessity of relying on the Criollo party to maintain his power.
On April 30, 1803, Napoleon sold Louisiana to the United States for 80 million francs. In 1806, that country asked the Marqués de Casa Calvo, to remove the Spanish troops from New Orleans so that the United States could take possession of the area up to the Sabine River.
The situation in Spain
In 1808 Napoleon's French invaded Spain. As the French forces approached Madrid, the royal family decided to flee to New Spain. This idea, however, was poorly received by the Spanish populace. On March 17, 1808 a riot broke out at Aranjuez. The hated Godoy was apprehended by the crowd, humiliated, stripped of his honors, and nearly killed. The mob, loyal to Prince Ferdinand (later King Ferdinand VII), forced Charles to abdicate in his son's behalf. Ferdinand then had Godoy arrested. But in May, all three — Godoy, Ferdinand and Charles — were enticed across the French border, where Napoleon took them prisoner. Napoleon forced the abdication of both Ferdinand and Charles in favor of himself. He then named his brother, Joseph Bonaparte, king of Spain.
On May 2, 1808, the people of Madrid rose in arms against the French. This was the spark that began a country-wide revolt. Everywhere provisional juntas were organized claiming to govern in the name of Ferdinand VII.
The consequences in New Spain
Iturrigaray had been appointed viceroy with orders to put down any rebellion, but the situation in Spain with the Napoleonic invasion, and the "political events back home bewildered him." News of the situation in Spain was received in Mexico on June 23, 1808, and the following July 14, news of the abdication of the Spanish king in favor of Napoleon was also received.
Viceroy Iturrigaray was presented with a report by the Mexico City Cabildo (city council) proposing that as the throne of Spain was now occupied by a usurper, the royal power should now be transferred to the viceroy, who would refuse to recognize the authority of Spain as long as it was under foreign domination. Iturrigaray accepted the charge, which was opposed by the Audiencia, whose members were mostly Spanish born as opposed to the Ayuntamiento whose members had been criollos. The viceroy now began work on organizing a national congress.
On July 20, 1808, Diego Leño of the Ayuntamiento of Jalapa, called for a congress of representatives from throughout New Spain.
The Criollo party continued to agitate, asking for the formation of a junta, as in Spain, and the convening of a congress. Once again the Audiencia was opposed, arguing that New Spain was a colony, and not permitted to take this kind of decision.
On August 9, 1808, at a meeting of Notables, the lawyer Primo Verdad y Ramos spoke in favor of popular sovereignty. Some of the oidores (judges on the Audiencia) spoke in rebuttal, declaring the proposal seditious and subversive. Inquisitor Bernardo Prado y Ovejero declared it heresy and anathema. The Notables adopted an intermediate position — New Spain would recognize no authority above the king of Spain.
On August 31, 1808 the crisis took a sharper turn with the arrival of Juan Gabriel Jabat, representative of the Junta of Seville, and a message from the Junta of Asturias. Both juntas requested recognition as the legitimate government of Spain by New Spain, thus providing evidence of the lack of any legitimate government in the country.
On September 1, 1808, Melchor de Talamantes, a Peruvian priest and the intellectual leader of the Criollo party, delivered two tracts to the Cabildo, in favor of separation from Spain and of the convoking of a Mexican congress. His premises were that all ties to Spain had now been broken; that regional laws had to be made, independently of the mother country; that the Audiencia could not speak in behalf of the king; and that the king having disappeared, sovereignty was now vested in the people.
It looked as if open fighting would break out between the mostly Peninsular partisans of the Audiencia and the Criollo ones of the Cabildo. A further meeting on September 9 was tumultuous.
Coup deposing the viceroy
Iturrigaray was strongly inclined towards the party of the Criollos and held in great suspicion by the Spanish party. He had received Criollo petitions for a congress and disrecognition of the Spanish junta. He had ordered 40,000 pesos sent to the Consulado of Veracruz, notoriously liberal in outlook. He had nominated Criollos to high positions in the administration. And most importantly, he had mobilized the regiment of dragoons from Aguascalientes, stationed in Jalapa. This regiment was under the command of Colonel Ignacio Obregón, an intimate friend of the viceroy.
Iturrigaray was on the point of resigning when, on September 15, 1808 the pro-Spanish party, headed by Gabriel J. de Yermo, arrested him. Yermo was supported by the rich Spanish merchants, by the oidores Aguirre and Bataller, by the archbishop, and by the judges of the Inquisition. Five hundred well-armed conspirators attacked the viceregal palace at 2 in the morning. One soldier was killed. The members of the Cabildo were also arrested.
After Iturrigaray was taken prisoner, he was conducted to the Inquisition, so that the populace could be made to believe he had been deposed for heresy. His wife and children were taken to the convent of San Bernardo. The vicereine was cruelly insulted and her jewelry was stolen. The viceroy was deposed by the Audiencia. An inventory of the viceroy's valuables was ordered, and the total came to more than one million pesos. This was considered evidence that the viceroy had taken advantage of the situation for his personal enrichment.
In accordance with custom, the unanticipated vacancy in the office of viceroy was filled with the oldest and highest-ranking military officer in the colony, Marshall Pedro de Garibay, an octogenarian controlled by the Audiencia.
Primo Verdad y Ramos and Melchor de Talamantes were imprisoned, and died in jail. Also imprisoned were Lic. Cristo, Juan Francisco Azcárate and French general Octaviano d'Alvímar.
Return to Spain
On September 21, 1808, Iturrigaray was sent as a prisoner to Spain. He was brought to trial in Cádiz for disloyalty. The charges were not proven and he was freed under the amnesty granted by the Cortes in 1810. A juicio de residencia continued after the amnesty, and was ended only by the death of Iturrigaray in 1815, but not before he was assessed a fine of 435,000 pesetas. According to most historians, he was also implicated in a private scheme by James Wilkinson to head off an invasion of Mexico by Aaron Burr.
Footnotes
Further reading
Diccionario Porrúa de Historia, Biografía y Geografía de México, 6th ed., v. 2, pp. 1857–58. Mexico City: Editorial Porrúa, S.A., 1995. .
"Iturrigaray y Aróstegui, José de," Enciclopedia de México, v. 8. Mexico City: 1987.
García Puron, Manuel, México y sus gobernantes, v. 1. Mexico City: Joaquín Porrua, 1984.
Orozco L., Fernando, Fechas Históricas de México. Mexico City: Panorama Editorial, 1988, .
Orozco Linares, Fernando, Gobernantes de México. Mexico City: Panorama Editorial, 1985, .
External links
Viceroys of New Spain
Spanish generals
1742 births
1815 deaths
Military leaders of the French Revolutionary Wars
People from Cádiz
Spanish people of Basque descent
1800s in Mexico
1800s in New Spain | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9%20de%20Iturrigaray |
Jean-Baptiste Marie Huet (Paris, 15 October 1745 – Paris, 27 January 1811) was a French painter, engraver and designer associated with pastoral and genre scenes of animals in the Rococo manner, influenced by François Boucher.
Born into a family of artists— his uncle was Christophe Huet, his father Nicolas Huet—he apprenticed with the animal painter Charles Dagomer, a member of the painters' guild, the Académie de Saint-Luc, Paris, who was working in the 1760s. Huet’s interest in printmaking and his acquaintance with Gilles Demarteau, who later engraved many of his compositions, both date from this period. About 1764 Huet entered the studio of Jean-Baptiste Le Prince, where he further developed his printmaking skills, largely reproducing his own paintings, a method of publishing them with some profit.
In 1768 he was approved (agréé) by the Académie Royale, and 29 July 1769 he was received (reçu) in the minor category (petite manière) of painter of animals and was well received in the public reviews when he began to exhibit at the Paris Salon that same year, with a Dog Attacking Geese, now at the Louvre. He continued to exhibit annually until 1789, though his attempts at the grand manner of history painting, considered the noblest genre, were not met with approval.
The most important of his paintings were his morceau de réception, the Fox among the Chickens (San Francisco, California Palace of the Legion of Honor), The Dairymaid (Paris, Musée Cognacq-Jay).
Huet is equally known for his designs for the decorative arts. He provided scenic vignettes to be printed by copperplate on cottons at the manufacture of toiles de Jouy directed by Oberkampf. Lengths of these may be seen at The Detroit Institute of Arts, the Musée des Arts Décoratifs, the Victoria and Albert Museum, the Metropolitan Museum of Art and many other institutions. His ink-and-wash drawings and studies of animals and children are also admired.
In the 1780s he provided tapestry cartoons for the manufacture at Beauvais. A suite of thirteen hangings of pastorals was in the Isaac de Camondo bequest to the Louvre. In 1790 he remained attached to the reorganized and combined tapestry manufacture of Gobelins and Beauvais.
References
J-B Huet on-line
Notes
1745 births
1811 deaths
18th-century French painters
French male painters
19th-century French painters
19th-century French male artists
18th-century French male artists | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Baptiste%20Huet |
Nicolas Huet (born 22 July 1976) is a French snowboarder who competed in parallel giant slalom at the 2002 Winter Olympics, where he placed 4th, and 2006 Winter Olympics, where he placed 10th. He was born in Nice, France.
Huet also competed at the World Snowboard Championships from 1999 through 2005:
References
External links
1976 births
Living people
Snowboarders at the 2002 Winter Olympics
Snowboarders at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Olympic snowboarders for France
French male snowboarders
21st-century French people | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolas%20Huet%20%28snowboarder%29 |
Rhoetosaurus (meaning "Rhoetos lizard"), named after Rhoetus, a titan in Greek mythology, is a genus of sauropod dinosaur from the Jurassic (Oxfordian) Walloon Coal Measures of what is now eastern Australia. Rhoetosaurus is estimated to have been about long, weighing about . Subsequent authors have sometimes misspelled the name: Rhaetosaurus (de Lapparent & Laverat, 1955); Rheteosaurus (Yadagiri, Prasad & Satsangi, 1979).
Discovery and species
In 1924, Heber Longman, self-trained paleontologist at (and later director of) the Queensland Museum in Brisbane, learned of a large fossil reptile skeleton exposed in the Walloon Coal Measures at Durham Downs near Roma in southern inland Queensland. The station manager, Arthur Browne, forwarded fragments of bone to Longman, and was honoured with the dinosaur's specific name brownei.
The initial collection was of 22 tail vertebrae, including a series of 16 consecutive bones, and other fragmentary hindlimb pieces. Soon after Longman announced the new discovery, he visited the station and arranged for more material of the same skeleton to be sent to the Queensland Museum. These included additional vertebrae from the thoracic area, bits of rib, more caudals and more of the femur and pelvis as well as a cervical vertebra. Further material was collected by Mary Wade and Alan Bartholomai in 1975, and still more by Drs. Tom Rich, Anne Warren, Zhao Xijin, and Ralph Molnar. By 2012, prepared material comprised 40 vertebrae, five partial thoracic ribs, part of the sacrum, fragments of the ilia, an ischium, the left and right pubic bones, and much of the right hind limb (femur, tibia, fibula, astragalus, and pes). More bones are yet to be removed from rock.
Rhoetosaurus is among the best-known sauropods thus far discovered in Australia, as well as for the Jurassic of Gondwana.
Relationships
Initially Longman, with advice from leading German paleontologist Friedrich von Huene, noted the primitive nature of Rhoetosaurus, and so for a long time, it was called a cetiosaurid. More recently, others have compared it to Shunosaurus, based on similar general age and several traits of its hind limbs. Given its supposed relationship to Shunosaurus, which had a clubbed tail, Rhoetosaurus has also been hypothesized to possess something similar. The form of the nearly complete hind foot ()at least suggests that lies outside the more derived Neosauropoda, but the material needs further study to determine its precise positioning in sauropod evolution.
References
Further reading
External links
Rhoetosaurus
Gravisauria
Middle Jurassic dinosaurs
Dinosaurs of Australia
Mesozoic reptiles of Australia
Oxfordian life
Paleontology in Queensland
Fossil taxa described in 1926
Taxa named by Albert Heber Longman
Sauropods of Australia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhoetosaurus |
Ferho Derwich (born 2 October 1961 in Mzizah, Turkey) is one of the chairmen (along with his brother Medeni Akgül) of the Kurdish Institute of Brussels in Belgium.
He arrived in Belgium as a refugee on 3 February 1977. In 1978, he founded TEKOSER (the Kurdish Workers and Student Community), which was known as the 'Kurdish Institute of Brussels'. From June 1980 to July 1981, he was employed in the University Hospitals of Leuven as General Coordinator in the Central Medical Archives.
In 1989, he founded the Kurdish Institute of Brussels, where he has worked since. In March 2006, his parents Fatim and Ferho Akgül were murdered in Mzizah.
He speaks Kurdish, Turkish and Dutch, with an elementary reading level in French, English and German.
He has published Kurdish poems in Dutch, Swedish and Turkish.
References
External links
Kurdish Institute Brussels (Nederlands)
Kurdish Institute Brussels (Kurdî)
Kurdish Institute Brussels (English)
Kurdish Institute Brussels (Française)
People from Doğançay, Mardin
Turkish Kurdish people
Turkish emigrants to Belgium
Living people
1961 births | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derwich%20Ferho |
Richard Rampton KC (born 8 January 1941) is a British libel lawyer. He has been involved in several high-profile cases including Irving v. Penguin Books and Lipstadt, where he defended Deborah Lipstadt and Penguin Books against David Irving.
Early life and education
Rampton was born on 8 January 1941, the eldest son of businessman and philanthropist Tony Rampton and his wife Joan. He was educated at Bryanston School and The Queen's College, Oxford.
Career
Richard Rampton was called to the Bar in November 1965 (Inner Temple) and was appointed a QC (Queen's Counsel) in 1987.
In Irving v. Penguin Books and Lipstadt, he represented Deborah Lipstadt and her publisher against false accusations of libel after she said that Irving was a Holocaust denier in her book Denying the Holocaust (1993). He also represented McDonald's in the McLibel case, where the company sued two members of the London Greenpeace environmental campaigning group.
Rampton's earlier cases include Andrew Neil (editor of The Sunday Times) vs Peregrine Worsthorne, Lord Aldington vs Count Nikolai Tolstoy and Gillian Taylforth vs News of the World. He also successfully represented politician George Galloway against The Daily Telegraph over allegations that he took £375,000 from Saddam Hussein's Iraqi regime. He represented Associated Newspapers Group plc in Lucas-Box v News Group Newspapers Ltd; Lucas-Box v Associated Newspapers Group plc and others. This case produced the "Lucas-Box meaning" whereby under modern libel practice a defendant must set out in his/her statement of case the defamatory meaning that he/she seeks to prove to be essentially or substantially true.
References
External links
Holocaust denial on trial
1941 births
Living people
Alumni of The Queen's College, Oxford
English barristers
English King's Counsel
Members of the Middle Temple
People educated at Bryanston School
20th-century King's Counsel
21st-century King's Counsel | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard%20Rampton |
Lisa Salters is an American journalist and former college basketball player. She has been a reporter for ESPN and ESPN on ABC since 2000. Previously, she covered the O. J. Simpson murder case for ABC and worked as a reporter at WBAL-TV in Baltimore from 1988 to 1995.
Salters has reported worldwide for ESPN, including a series of reports from the Middle East prior to the Iraq War. In addition, she has hosted ESPN's coverage of the 2006 Winter Olympics from Turin, Italy, and ESPN's coverage of the 2002 FIFA World Cup. She is a sideline reporter and co-producer for ABC's coverage of the NBA and ESPN's Monday Night Football.
Career
Pre-broadcasting career
Salters was first a broadcast journalist prior to becoming a sportscaster. In 1995, she was named the first West Coast correspondent for the ABC affiliate news service, NewsOne. Among many notable stories, she covered the O.J. Simpson civil and criminal trials, the Oklahoma City bombing trials, the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan, and the crash of TWA flight 800 for the network. It wasn’t until ESPN reached out in 2000 about a general assignment position that she decided to transition to sports journalism.
Broadcasting career
Salters joined ESPN as a general assignment reporter in March 2000. She serves as sideline reporter and co-producer for Monday Night Football and the lead sideline reporter for ESPN's coverage of the NBA on ABC.
In addition, Salters is one of the featured correspondents on ESPN's newsmagazine show, E:60, which debuted October 2007. In 2008, she was nominated for a Sports Emmy Award for the story "Ray Of Hope".
At ESPN, Salters’ reports have been regularly featured on the award-winning “Outside the Lines” series. She led the network's comprehensive coverage of the murder conspiracy trial of Carolina Panthers wide receiver Rae Carruth in December 2000 through January 2001. Additionally, Salters was ESPN's reporter at the 2002 FIFA World Cup in South Korea and Japan, where she broke the news on the U.S. National Team's starting lineup a day before its first match in against Portugal. Salters reported from the 2004 Olympic Games in Athens, Greece and hosted ESPN's coverage of the 2006 Winter Olympics Games in Torino, Italy.
In 2006, she served as the lead sideline reporter for ABC's coverage of the NBA on ABC and worked the 2006 NBA Finals on television as that season she filled in for Michele Tafoya who was on maternity leave. Salters returned to her role as its secondary sideline reporter the following year as Tafoya returned to her old role. In 2007, she worked the 2007 NBA Finals on radio. In 2009, she was back to being its lead sideline reporter whenever Doris Burke wasn't there.
During the build-up to Operation Iraqi Freedom through the commencement of the Iraq War, Salters covered sports-related stories in and around U.S. Central Command in Qatar for Outside the Lines, SportsCenter and ESPNEWS. She returned to the war zone in 2004 when ESPN took SportsCenter on the road and broadcast live from Camp Arifjan, a U.S. Army base in Kuwait.
On December 1, 2007, Salters was covering the Big 12 Championship Game at the Alamodome in San Antonio, Texas. In one of her sideline reports during the first half she mentioned Missouri quarterback Chase Daniel's frustration due to Missouri being stymied by the Oklahoma defense, saying Daniel was "upset" and "fuming." However, a technical blunder caused Salters' microphone to be broadcast over the stadium's PA system. The camera shifted to Chase Daniel, who was visibly perplexed and curious as to who was talking about him and why it was being heard throughout the entire stadium. ABC TV announcer Brent Musburger then mused, "Lisa was talking to a lot more folks than she anticipated." The likely explanation was that Salters' mic was to have been hooked up to the PA for the upcoming halftime contest, and her microphone was inadvertently left on the PA after a pregame sound check.
Prior to joining ESPN, Salters served as a Los Angeles-based correspondent for ABC News from 1995 to 2000 and provided news coverage for World News Tonight with Peter Jennings and other ABC News broadcasts. At ABC News, she covered the Oklahoma City bombing trials, the Matthew Shepard murder, the crash of TWA Flight 800, and both the civil and criminal O. J. Simpson trials.
ESPN Monday Night Football
In 2012, ESPN announced that Lisa Salters would join Monday Night Football replacing Suzy Kolber as a full-time solo sideline reporter joining Mike Tirico and Jon Gruden. In 2018, ESPN announced a new Monday Night Football commentating team which will include Salters as sideline reporter and joined by Joe Tessitore and Booger McFarland.
Personal life
A native of King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, Salters graduated from Penn State University in 1988 with a bachelor's degree in broadcast journalism. She played guard for the Lady Lions basketball team from 1986 to 1987, where she holds the distinction of being the shortest player in school history at 5'2".
Salters is a graduate of Upper Merion Area High School in King of Prussia, where she is a member of the school's Hall of Fame. Salters is a cousin of former University of Pittsburgh and Dallas Cowboys star running back Tony Dorsett.
On October 13, 2017, Salters was inducted into the Montgomery County Chapter of the Pennsylvania Sports Hall of Fame.
References
External links
Lisa Salters' ESPN Bio
Living people
National Basketball Association broadcasters
National Football League announcers
American television reporters and correspondents
American television sports announcers
Penn State Lady Lions basketball players
Donald P. Bellisario College of Communications alumni
People from Upper Merion Township, Pennsylvania
Basketball players from Pennsylvania
Women sports announcers
College basketball announcers in the United States
College football announcers
ESPN people
African-American women journalists
African-American sports announcers
American women television journalists
Guards (basketball)
African-American sports journalists
21st-century American journalists
21st-century American women
Year of birth missing (living people) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lisa%20Salters |
Gazon Matodya (c. 1920 – 1 December 2011) was gaanman of the Okanisi or Ndyuka people of Suriname, South America, one of six Maroon peoples in the area. He lived in Diitabiki (Drietabbetje), a village located on the Tapanahony River. Gaanman Gazon belonged to the Otoo Lo clan, from which most of the Aukan chiefs have come. He was one of the longest-living chiefs to date.
In a statement made in 1992 while in the United States, Gazon said he was not happy with the changes that have occurred in his tribal area during the modern era of the late 20th century. This includes how disputes are settled. In 2007 the six Maroon tribes won a major land rights case initiated in the early 1990s, by which they gained collective control of territories (including mineral resources), which they have occupied since the late 18th century.
Legacy and honors
In 2000, Gazon was awarded the Grand Cordon in the Honorary Order of the Yellow Star, a Surinamese presidential award.
He was given a Chubb Fellowship by Yale University.
In 1996, the Netherlands-based Maroon Institute Sabanapeti established an award named in honor of Gazon. It is intended to acknowledge exceptional people and organizations.
Notes
References
1920 births
2011 deaths
Year of birth uncertain
Granman
Grand Cordons of the Honorary Order of the Yellow Star
Ndyuka people
Surinamese Maroons
Tribal chiefs
People from Sipaliwini District | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazon%20Matodya |
Albert E. Ottinger (September 10, 1878 – January 13, 1938) was an American lawyer and politician.
Life and career
Ottinger was born in Manhattan, New York City, the son of Moses Ottinger and Amelia Gottlieb Ottinger. He graduated from New York University Law School in 1898 and became an attorney in New York City.
He was a member of the New York State Senate (18th District) in 1917 and 1918; and then an assistant attorney general of the United States. As such, Ottinger ruled that the U.S. Congress could grant independence to the Philippines if it wished, since the Philippines were an "insular possession" and therefore to be distinguished from the United States' states and territorial possessions.
He was New York State attorney general from 1925 to 1928, elected in 1924 and 1926. During his second term, he was the only Republican who held state office, and was responsible for closing down the notorious "bucket shops" on Wall Street. He was a delegate to the 1928 and 1932 Republican National Conventions.
In 1928, while the Democratic Party nominated New York Governor Al Smith for the presidency, the first time a Catholic from a major party was running for that office, the Republican Party of New York nominated Ottinger for governor, the first Jewish gubernatorial candidate in New York history. The Democratic Party nominated Franklin D. Roosevelt for governor, and Herbert Lehman, also a Jew, as the candidate for lieutenant governor of New York. On the national ticket, Herbert Hoover won by a landslide over Al Smith, the latter's religion clearly a national issue. The gubernatorial contest, however, was one of the closest in New York history. Against the national Republican trend, Roosevelt won by only 25,000 votes, less than 1% of the four million ballots cast.
At the end of his term as New York state's attorney general, Ottinger summed up his record as follows: "Hammer, hammer, hammer, at every manner and means of fraud and dishonesty, the prevention and assertion of which the Legislature has assigned to the Attorney General."
Ottinger suffered a heart attack and died in New York City on January 13, 1938.
Family
Ottinger never married and was survived by three brothers: Leon, Lawrence, and Nathan. Nathan Ottinger was a justice of the New York Supreme Court. Lawrence Ottinger was the father of Richard L. Ottinger, who served as a member of the United States House of Representatives.
See also
List of Jewish American jurists
References
Sources
Obit notice, in Time magazine on January 24, 1938
List of New York attorneys general, at Office of the NYSAG
1878 births
1938 deaths
Jewish American state legislators in New York (state)
New York (state) state senators
New York State Attorneys General
Politicians from Manhattan
New York University School of Law alumni
Burials in New York (state) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert%20Ottinger |
Steve Jarratt is a long-time videogames journalist and magazine editor. He has launched a large number of magazines for Future Publishing, many of which are still published. Magazines he has worked for include:
Zzap!64: Reviewer and assistant editor (March 1987 – May 1988)
CRASH: Editor (April–July 1988)
CU Amiga: Reviewer (approx. late 1988)
Amiga Format: Writer and reviewer (August 1989– ?), editor (June 1994 – Jan 1995)
S: The Sega Magazine: Launch editor (December 1989–?)
Commodore Format: Launch editor (October 1990 – early 1992)
Total!: Launch editor (January 1992 - late 1993)
Edge: Launch editor (1993–?)
Official UK PlayStation Magazine
T3: Launch editor (1997–?)
Laptop Magazine: Launch editor (September-November(?) 2003)
3D World
Official Nintendo Magazine: Group Senior Editor 12 February 2006 (2006–?)
Windows Vista: The Official Magazine: Editor-in-chief (2007)
As Group Senior Editor at Future Publishing he oversaw existing titles like SFX, Practical Classics, 3D World and Official Xbox Magazine. He won the Games Media Legend award at the 2008 Games Media Awards but left Future Publishing in 2011. He went on to work for a small digital publisher in Bristol.
References
External links
"Zzap! Where are they now?." Accessed 6 March 2006
British male journalists
British magazine editors
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Video game critics
British critics | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve%20Jarratt |
Dorothy Renée Ascherson (19 May 1915 – 30 October 2014), known professionally as Renée Asherson, was an English actress. Much of her theatrical career was spent in Shakespearean plays, appearing at such venues as the Old Vic, the Liverpool Playhouse, and the Westminster Theatre. Her first stage appearance was on 17 October 1935, aged 20, and her first major film appearance was in The Way Ahead (1944). Her last film appearance was in The Others (2001).
Early life
Dorothy Renée Ascherson was born in Kensington, London, the younger daughter of shipowner Charles Stephen Ascherson (1877–1945) and Dorothy Lilian (; 1881–1975). Her father was of German-Jewish extraction. She was brought up in Gerrards Cross, Buckinghamshire, as well as Switzerland and Anjou. She later trained for the stage at the Webber Douglas Academy of Dramatic Art.
Career
Theatre
Asherson made her first stage appearance on 17 October 1935, as a walk-on in John Gielgud's production of Romeo and Juliet, though she was also the second understudy for Juliet. It was the production in which Gielgud and Laurence Olivier alternated the roles of Romeo and Mercutio. For eighteen months from 1937 through 1938, Asherson was a member of the Birmingham Repertory Theatre company. She first appeared at The Old Vic in May 1940 as Iris in The Tempest. Asherson toured with the Old Vic company from 1940 through 1941 in the roles of Kate Hardcastle in She Stoops to Conquer, Maria in Twelfth Night, Nerissa in The Merchant of Venice, and Blanche in King John. Asherson appeared at the New Theatre as Blanche in July 1941 before resuming her tour with the Old Vic company.
Asherson appeared at other venues. It was at the Westminster Theatre that she gained especially good notices for her appearance in Walter Greenwood's The Cure for Love in 1945 with Robert Donat. Laurence Olivier wanted her to join his company at The Old Vic, but she chose to continue working with Donat instead. At the Aldwych Theatre, she played Beatrice to Donat's Benedict in Much Ado About Nothing in 1947 and Stella in the first London production of A Streetcar Named Desire in 1949. The latter production was directed by Olivier, with Vivien Leigh as Blanche.
She also performed at the Apollo Theatre in 1956, the Criterion Theatre also in 1956, St Martin's Theatre in 1962, the Savoy Theatre in 1963 and 1977 and the York Theatre Royal in 1973 and 1976.
Film
An early lead role for Asherson was as King Henry V's love interest, Princess Katherine, in Laurence Olivier's film of Shakespeare's play Henry V.
On film, Donat and Asherson reprised their stage roles in The Cure for Love (1949) in Donat's only film as director. During its production, the couple fell in love. They frequently appeared together in later films, such as The Magic Box (1951). In 1945 she appeared in The Way to the Stars as Iris Winterton, the love interest of Peter Penrose (John Mills).
Her final film role was as the unnamed old woman in the haunted house thriller The Others.
Television
In 1976, she played the tragic Miss Gailey over seven episodes of ATV's epic dramatisation of Arnold Bennett's "Clayhanger" opposite Janet Suzman and Denis Quilley. In 1978, she portrayed Mother Ancilla in the Armchair Thriller adaptation of the Antonia Fraser novel Quiet as a Nun, and appeared as Mrs Wainwright in the 1979 TV miniseries A Man Called Intrepid. In 1981, Asherson played the role of Sylvia Ashburton in the first season and for eight episodes of Tenko. She played Dora Bunner in the 1985 Miss Marple episode, A Murder Is Announced. As the character Emily Simpson, she was the first victim to die in the TV series Midsomer Murders (‘The Killings at Badger’s Drift’; S1/01,1997).
Personal life
In 1953 she moved to 8 The Grove, Highgate upon her marriage to fellow actor Robert Donat, separating before his death five years later. She never remarried and died in Primrose Hill, London on 30 October 2014, aged 99. Among her surviving relatives is her nephew, the journalist Neal Ascherson.
Filmography
References
External links
Selected stage performances in University of Bristol Theatre Archive
Renee Asherson(Aveleyman)
1915 births
2014 deaths
Actresses from London
Alumni of the Webber Douglas Academy of Dramatic Art
English film actresses
English stage actresses
English people of German-Jewish descent
English television actresses
People from Gerrards Cross
English Shakespearean actresses | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9e%20Asherson |
Goxhill is a large village and civil parish in North Lincolnshire, England. The population of the civil parish taken at the 2011 census was 2,290. It is situated east from Barton-upon-Humber and north-west from Immingham.
Goxhill was part of the former Glanford district, part of the county of Humberside, between 1974 and 1996.
The village is served by Goxhill railway station, which runs from the town of Barton to the seaside resort of Cleethorpes. The area has been an important centre for clay pantile production since the 18th century and the industry is still represented in the village.
RAF Goxhill was used in the Second World War by RAF and the USAAF. The 78th Fighter Group arrived at the station, known officially as 8th Air Force Station No. F-345 on 1 December 1942. The American Units referred to it unofficially as "RAF Goat Hill". In 1943 Robert S. Johnson, a US ace pilot of the Second World War, was stationed here.
Goxhill Hall
Goxhill Hall is a Grade II* listed 18th-century house which stands adjacent to a Grade I listed mediaeval hall known as the Priory. The hall was built between 1690 and 1705 for Henry Hildyard and has been recently renovated. It is constructed in two storeys of red brick with blue brick dressing with a pantile roof and a 5-bay frontage.
The mediaeval hall, originally part of a larger complex, dates from the late 14th and early 15th century and is built in two storeys of limestone rubble with ashlar dressings and a late 18th-century pantile roof. It has an undercroft and a single room 1st-floor hall.
The present architect owners of the properties are carrying out a programme of renovation, including excavation of the moat.
See also
Humber Gas Tunnel
P-38 Lightning
References
External links
AIRFIELD TALES Lincolnshire’s wartime legacy shot partly at Goxhill. (Video documentary 2006)
Villages in the Borough of North Lincolnshire
Civil parishes in Lincolnshire | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goxhill |
Gerald Wayne VandeWalle (born August 15, 1933) is an American lawyer who served as a justice of the North Dakota Supreme Court from 1978 to 2023. He served as the court's chief justice from 1993 to 2019.
Early life and education
VandeWalle was born in Noonan, North Dakota and graduated from the University of North Dakota in 1955 with a Bachelor of Science degree in commerce. While attending the University of North Dakota he joined the Lambda Chi Alpha fraternity. He then received a Juris Doctor from the University of North Dakota School of Law in 1958.
Career
In late 2019, VandeWalle announced he would not seek reelection for another term as chief justice, but would remain on the court. He was the longest-serving chief justice in North Dakota history and at the time, the oldest in the nation. He retired from the court on January 31, 2023.
Career
1958 – admitted to the State Bar of North Dakota
1975 – appointed First Assistant Attorney General of North Dakota
August, 1978 – appointed to the North Dakota Supreme Court
November, 1978 – elected to serve an unexpired term on Supreme Court
1985–1987 – served as the first chair of the North Dakota Judicial Conference
1993 – elected Chief Justice of North Dakota Supreme Court
1995 – re-elected Chief Justice
2000 – re-elected Chief Justice
2005—re-elected Chief Justice
2010—re-elected Chief Justice
2015—re-elected Chief Justice
References
External links
Gerald W. VandeWalle biography
1933 births
Living people
20th-century American judges
21st-century American judges
Chief Justices of the North Dakota Supreme Court
Justices of the North Dakota Supreme Court
People from Divide County, North Dakota
University of North Dakota alumni | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerald%20W.%20VandeWalle |
Four Music (Four Music Productions GmbH) is a German record label founded by hip hop group Die Fantastischen Vier in 1996. It was originally located in Stuttgart, but has moved to Kreuzberg, Berlin.
In 2004, Max Herre's debut album, as well as Confidence by Gentleman, and Viel by Die Fantastischen Vier were among the top 3 in the German album charts. The same year, the opening concert for the Popkomm solely consisted of artists signed on Four Music.
In July 2005, the record label Sony BMG Music Entertainment took over 50% of Four Music Productions for a seven-figure sum of money. According to the Annual Report of Four Music GmbH of fiscal year 2009 to 2010, Sony Music Entertainment Germany GmbH has acquired all the shares of Four Music GmbH.
Notable artists
Notable musicians and groups signed on Four Music are:
3Plusss
Afrob
Blumentopf (until 2009)
Casper
Chakuza
Clueso
Freundeskreis (until 2007)
Gentleman (until 2010)
Jason Rowe
Joy Denalane
Lance Butters
Mark Forster
Marteria
Max Herre
Miss Platnum
Son Goku (until 2002)
See also
List of record labels
External links
Four Music Artists
Die Fantastischen Vier
German independent record labels
Record labels established in 1996
Reggae record labels
Hip hop record labels | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four%20Music |
Plinia edulis (formerly Marlierea edulis) is a tree that grows wild in Brazil in the coastal rainforest regions around the Brazilian cities of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. The fruit's local name is cambucá while the tree is cambucazeiro.
The name is derived from an indigenous word for jar, cambuci, due to the tree's fruit resembling a type of water container, which some would say is "flying saucer"-shaped.
The fruit's coloration is yellowy-green, size is 6 cm in diameter and taste is sweet-sour. Cambuca fruit taste resemble light combination of mango and papaya. A member of the myrtle and eucalyptus family, the tree can grow to a height of thirty feet, and propagation is by seed.
References
External links
Árvores do Brasil
edulis
Trees of Brazil
Cauliflory | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plinia%20edulis |
Sanpasaurus ("Sanpa lizard") is a poorly known sauropod dinosaur from the Early to Late Jurassic of Sichuan, China. The type species, S. yaoi, was described by Chung Chien Young, in 1944. The type remains, IVPP V.156, consists of 20 vertebrae, scapulae, forelimbs, and some hindlimb bones.
Initially reported by Young as an ornithopod ornithischian, this specimen was unambiguously referred to Sauropoda in 2016 by McPhee et al., later refined to a basal gravisaurian position by Pol et al. in 2020 and 2022, closely related to Vulcanodon and Tazoudasaurus. Sanpasaurus is known from remains recovered from the Maanshan Member of the Ziliujing Formation.
References
Early Jurassic dinosaurs of Asia
Sauropods
Taxa named by Yang Zhongjian
Fossil taxa described in 1944
Paleontology in Sichuan | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanpasaurus |
Friedrich Wilhelm Freiherr von Erdmannsdorff (18 May 1736 – 9 March 1800) was a German architect and architectural theoretician, and one of the most significant representatives of early German Neoclassicism during the Age of Enlightenment. His work included Wörlitz Palace in the present-day Dessau-Wörlitz Garden Realm, one of the earliest Palladian buildings on the European continent. His most well-known student was Friedrich Gilly, the teacher of Karl Friedrich Schinkel.
Life
Erdmannsdorff was born in Dresden to the Saxon courtier, Baron Ernst Ferdinand von Erdmannsdorff, and his wife Henriette Margarethe, née von Heßler.
After early stages of education with Jakob Mauvillon in Leipzig and at the Dresden knight academy from 1750 to 1754, Erdmannsdorff attended the University of Wittenberg in 1754–1758, where he encountered Prince Franz von Anhalt-Dessau, whose service he entered in 1758. His later fame is due his works for the prince in his Wörlitz pleasureground near the Dessau residence. At the age of twenty three Erdmannsdorff become a Freemason and was initiated at the illustrious Minerva Zu Den Drei Palmen (Minerva to the three palm trees) lodge on 23 August 1759.
In accordance with the educational ideals of the Enlightenment, the prince had the aim of reorganising his surrounding lands into a cohesive 'Garden Realm' (Gartenreich) in the style of an English landscape garden. In addition to the beautification of the landscape, cottages of various architectural styles, antique temples, bridges and memorials were to be erected and to be made accessible to everyone. Franz employed his friend and architect Erdmannsdorff to design the architectural arrangement of the grounds.
Between 1761 and 1775 on several grand tours to Italy, Holland, England, France and Switzerland, Erdmannsdorff gathered ideas for the architectural arrangement of the Wörlitz grounds. Accompanying the Prince, he got to know the style of the Scottish architects Robert and James Adam (the Adams Style). At the same time he was impressed by the architect William Chambers. In Rome Erdmannsdorff made the acquaintance of the archaeologist Johann Joachim Winckelmann and the painter Charles Louis Clérisseau, and contacted the master builder Giovanni Battista Piranesi and painter Jakob Philipp Hackert.
The contemporary art and culture of England made a particular impression on Erdmannsdorff as well as Prince Franz. The Palladian architecture in England, inspired by the Palladian Villas of the 16th century, can be seen replicated in Erdmannsdorff's later creations and was the strongest influence on his work next to the architecture and interior design of ancient Rome. In this artistic context he designed, amongst others, Wörlitz Palace, built from 1769 to 1773 for Prince Franz and his consort Louise of Brandenburg-Schwedt.
Although Erdmannsdorff favoured this particular architectural style, he also created buildings in the Neo-Gothic style preferred by Prince Franz. Among others, he converted the influences he had received on his trip to England into the building of the Gothic House in the Wörlitz Grounds.
During his time in Anhalt-Dessau, Erdmannsdorff married Wilhelmine von Ahlimb in 1781, with whom he had two daughters.
In 1786 King Frederick William II of Prussia called on his services to redecorate the bedroom and study of his predecessor, Frederick the Great, in Sanssouci Palace in Potsdam, as well a number of rooms in the Berliner Stadtschloss (Berlin City Palace). Consequently, the first consistently classical interior of the Potsdam and Berlin palaces was built to Erdmannsdorff's specifications. During his stay in Berlin and Potsdam which lasted until 1789, he became an honorary member of the 'Royal Academy of Arts and Mechanical Sciences' in Berlin. Apart from this work he was above all active as a consultant in the areas of art, culture and education in Brandenburg.
Between 1789 and 1790, Erdmannsdorff stayed again in Italy. In Rome he made the acquaintance of the painters Angelica Kauffman and Jakob Phillipp Hackert, as well as the sculptors Alexander Trippel, Antonio Canova and Bartolomeo Cavaceppi. After a trip to Weimar in 1791 with Prince Franz, he visited the courts of Gotha, Kassel and Karlsruhe. In 1796 he took over the artistic direction of the Chalkographische Gesellschaft in Dessau, founded in 1795, whose goal was to popularise artistic works through etchings. At this time he also worked as a lecturer at the Berlin School of Architecture, where he taught Friedrich Gilly among others.
Erdmannsdorff died in Dessau at the age of 64. His grave can be found at the New Graveyard (Neuer Begräbnisplatz, today known as Historical Cemetery I) in Dessau.
Works
Buildings in Wörlitz and the Wörlitz Grounds
1767–1768 Nymphaeum
1769–1773 Wörlitz Palace
1770–1772 Kitchen Building with Summer Hall
1769 Watchkeeper's house "the Horse" on the Elbe dyke
1772 Red Watchkeeper's house on the Elbe dyke
1773+1813 Gothic House
1785–1787 Inn "The Oak Wreath"
1787–1790 Wörlitz Synagogue
1788 Frederike's Bridge
1791–1794 Villa Hamilton (Rock island "Stone")
1792–1795 Townhall
1794 Temple of Venus
1795–1797 Pantheon
1796 Probstei
1797–1798 Temple of Flora
as well as a number of other garden follies.
Dessau
1767 Princess' Cabinet and Grand Ballroom in Dessau Palace
1774–1778 Luisium Country House
1780 Georgium Country House
1775 Pavilions in the Palace Gardens
1777 Palace Theatre
nach 1780 Stranger's House and various small details in the Georgium Park
nach 1780 House at 11/12 Poststraße
nach 1780 House at 3 Schlossstraße
nach 1780 52 Zerbster Straße
1787 New Graveyard and Graveyard Porch
1790–1791 Hippodrome
1792 Stables and Court Equerry Residence
1793 Orangery and Main Guards
1796 Houses on the Mulde Bridge
1798 House at 69 Zerbster Straße
1798 Court Theatre
1798 House at 10 Wallstraße
Potsdam
1786 Conversion of the bedroom and study of Frederick the Great in the classical style in Sanssouci Palace
Berlin
1787–1789 Conversion of a few rooms in the Berliner Stadtschloss (Rally Hall, Grand Column Hall, Blue French Chambers, Green French Chambers, Banquet Hall)
Notes
References
External links
The Royal Chambers of Frederick William II
1736 births
1800 deaths
Architects from Dresden
Barons of Germany
People from Dessau-Roßlau
German neoclassical architects
Architectural theoreticians | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedrich%20Wilhelm%20von%20Erdmannsdorff |
Sarcolestes (meaning "flesh robber") is an extinct genus of ankylosaurian ornithischian dinosaur from the Oxford Clay of England. The current type and only species is S. leedsi, and the holotype is a single partial left mandible. The genus and species were named in 1893 by Richard Lydekker, who thought they belonged to a theropod.
Discovery
Sarcolestes was first named in 1893 by Richard Lydekker, and its type species was designated as S. leedsi. The specific name was to honour Alfred Nicholson Leeds, the discoverer of the specimen, and many others like it. The holotype and only specimen, is a partial left mandible and fused scute that was damaged during excavation. The jaw preserved one entire tooth and two crown tips in its alveolus, with the missing bone in the central section of the mandible. It lacks a preserved predentary, even though the entire mandibular symphysis is preserved and complete.
Classification
Originally, Lydekker found that Sarcolestes represented a theropod. He cited lack of a predentary as excluding the taxon from ornithopods, and tooth morphology as excluding it from sauropods. Within theropods, it was found to be sufficiently different from one main groups of theropods including Coelurus, Calamosaurus, and Compsognathus, and the megalosaurids including Megalosaurus. Thus, Lydekker placed it in Thecodontosauridae, a group of theropods (now placed in Sauropodomorpha) including Thecodontosaurus. Lydekker noted that Sarcolestes was similar in dental morphology to Priodontognathus, and that together they might be shown to be related to scelidosaurids. However, he also noted that together they may represent their own group within Theropoda. In 1901, Franz Nopcsa found that Sarcolestes was in fact herbivorous, and classified it in Stegosauridae with genera such as Polacanthus, Stegosaurus, Hylaeosaurus, Stenopelix and various others. Peter Galton concluded that Sarcolestes represents a genus within Nodosauridae, with a dentary similar to that of Sauropelta. However, others have cast doubt on this assignment and even the validity of Sarcolestes. Sarcolestes was likely related to the only other known contemporaneous ankylosaurians of the time during the Middle Jurassic, Spicomellus and Tianchisaurus.
See also
Timeline of ankylosaur research
References
Ankylosaurs
Bathonian life
Late Jurassic dinosaurs of Europe
Fossils of England
Oxford Clay
Fossil taxa described in 1893
Taxa named by Richard Lydekker
Ornithischian genera
Thyreophorans of Europe
Jurassic thyreophorans | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarcolestes |
Sarcosaurus () is a genus of basal neotheropod dinosaur, roughly long. It lived in what is now England and maybe Ireland and Scotland during the Hettangian-Sinemurian stages of the Early Jurassic, about 199-196 million years ago. Sarcosaurus is one of the earliest known Jurassic theropods, and one of only a handful of theropod genera from this time period. Along with Dracoraptor hanigani it is one of the two described neotheropods from the lowermost Jurassic of the United Kingdom.
Description
The holotype is NHMUK PV R4840 a partial skeleton that includes a posterior dorsal vertebra, partial left and right ilia, that are fused to the proximal portion of the pubis, lacking the femoral head. The specimen shows some evidence of skeletal maturity, meaning it is not an early juvenile, but its exact ontogenetic stage cannot be ascertained. Referred specimens include the non mature NHMUK PV R3542 (holotype of Sarcosaurus andrewsi) that includes a complete right tibia; WARMS G667–690, a partial skeleton of a single individual that includes posterior dorsal vertebra, middle caudal vertebra, dorsal rib fragments, left ilium, right and left pubes, femora and tibiae, proximal end of left fibula, probable distal half of fibula, distal portions of metatarsals IV, II or III proximal half of left pedal phalanx II-1, and three indeterminate bone fragments. Sarcosaurus shares certain morphological conditions with other neotheropods, including Liliensternus liliensterni (collateral fossae of the metatarsal II with similar development and shape on both sides, larger ratio on the centrum) and Dilophosaurus wetherilli (lateral collateral fossa is bigger than the medial one in the metatarsal, middle caudal series proportionately lower and narrower than the middle−posterior dorsal vertebra). Sarcosaurus was a bipedal predator, probably able to run fast and catch small prey. The holotype belonged to a 3.5 m long animal whose weight was no greater than 50–60 kg. NHMUK PV R3542 belonged to a larger animal, estimated to have had a maximum length of 5 m and a weight of 140 kg.
History of discovery
The fossils of Sarcosaurus were found in the Lower Lias of England. The type species, Sarcosaurus woodi, was first described by Charles William Andrews in 1921 shortly after a partial skeleton had been found by S.L. Wood near Barrow-on-Soar, in the Scunthorpe Mudstone. The generic name is derived from Greek sarx, "flesh". The specific name honours Wood. The holotype, BMNH 4840/1, consists of a pelvis, a vertebra and the upper part of a femur. The preserved length of the femur is . A second species, Sarcosaurus andrewsi, was named by Friedrich von Huene in 1932, based on a tibia, BMNH R3542, described by Arthur Smith Woodward in 1908 and found near Wilmcote. Confusingly von Huene in the same publication named the very same fossil Magnosaurus woodwardi. Later he made a choice for S. andrewsi to be the valid name. Huene also discussed WARMS G667–690, a partial skeleton also from Wilmcote, both specimens are from the Blue Lias. In 1974 S. andrewsi was reclassified as Megalosaurus andrewsi by Michael Waldman, on the probably erroneous assumption it was a megalosaurid. A later study concluded the two species to be indistinguishable except for size, but other authors consider any identity to be unprovable as there are no comparable remains and conclude both species to lack autapomorphies and therefore to be nomina dubia. Von Huene in 1932 referred a partial skeleton from the collection of the Warwick Museum to S. woodi but the identity was unproven; in 1995 it was given the informal name "Liassaurus" but this has remained a nomen nudum. The specimen is likely one individual, located in the same stratiagraphic position as the holotypic specimen. Unfortunately, there are few available overlapping elements from the specimen and the holotype. Both specimens preserve a relatively complete femur: however, the features of both (an anteromedially directed head, a relatively long fourth trochanter and a trochanteric shelf) are plesiomorphic and thus do not indicate conspecifity or clade membership. It is noted, however, that there are no features which are present in one specimen but not the other. In 2020 WARMS G667–690 was given a comprehensive redescription, which proposed that all three specimens belonged to the same species, Sarcosaurus woodi.
Between the years 1980 and 2000, three fossils were discovered on a beach near The Gobbins in Northern Ireland by palaeontologist Roger Byrne. Exact geologic provenance is not reported for any of the specimens, but the very dark colouration of the specimens indicate (through means of comparison to marine fossils in other Northern Irish localities) they hail from Lias Group rocks, likely from either the Planorbis Zone or the Pre-planorbis Zone of the Waterloo Mudstone Formation. Along specimens referred to Scelidosaurus a tibia was recovered, BELUM K12493, referred to an indeterminate neotheropod, probably related to Sarcosaurus or from an indeterminate megalosauroid. The scelidosaur femur and theropod tibia are the only known remains of dinosaurs from Ireland, which has a poor Mesozoic fossil record entirely consisting of marine localities, and the scelidosaur specimen was the first ever reported from the island.
In 2023, a partial Theropod Specimen recovered from the lower Sinemurian Broadford Beds Formation of the Isle of Skye, previously referred to a Coelophysoid-grade theropod, was reclassified as Cf.Sarcosaurus, clading with Tachiraptor as a branch leading to Averostra. This specimen, NMS G.1994.10.1, consists on an isolated left tibia lacking its proximal region.
Phylogeny
Andrews originally assigned Sarcosaurus to the Megalosauridae. The first to suggest a more basal position was Samuel Paul Welles who placed it in the Coelophysidae.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Welles |first1=S.P. |title=Dilophosaurus wetherilli (Dinosauria, Theropoda): osteology and comparisons |journal=Palaeontographica Abteilung A |date=1984 |volume=185 |pages=85–180 |url=https://eurekamag.com/research/005/162/005162726.php |access-date=19 October 2023}}</ref> Later analyses resulted in either a position in the Ceratosauria, or in the Coelophysoidea. Ezcurra (2012) found Sarcosaurus to be the most basal ceratosaur in a large unpublished analysis. In 2018, Andrea Cau in the large analysis of Saltriovenator found Sarcosaurus to be a dilophosaurid with good amount of support in the data. In 2020, Ezcurra et al. recovered Sarcosaurus'' as a close relative of Averostra due to the presence of shared characters including an anteroventrally oriented ventral margin of the preacetabular process in lateral view on the ilium and a femur with a poorly posteriorly developed fourth trochanter. Their cladogram is shown below: A latter work reinforced that clade made of Sarcosaurus woodi + (Tachiraptor admirabilis + Averostra).
Palaeoenvironment
Holotype specimen was collected from strata (bucklandi zone, Sinemurian) that were deposited in epicontinental, shallow, marine settings affected by sea-level fluctuations and a warm, predominantly humid climate. In south-western Warwickshire, is represented by the upper part of the Rugby Limestone Member (Hettangian-Sinemurian) of the Blue Lias Formation. with typical lithofacies of alternating mudrocks and generally fine-grained and frequently highly fossiliferous limestones. the Rugby Limestone Member was
deposited at a palaeolatitude of approximately 35° N in a storm-influenced offshore setting. Wilmcote was related to the eastern margin of the Worcester Graben during the Early Jurassic and adjacent to the East Midlands Shelf. The western margin of the emergent London Platform at 60–80 km to the south-east was probably the principal source of terrestrial biodebris.
See also
Timeline of coelophysoid research
References
External links
Sarcosaurus in the Dino Directory
Prehistoric neotheropods
Hettangian life
Sinemurian life
Early Jurassic dinosaurs of Europe
Jurassic England
Fossils of England
Fossil taxa described in 1921
Taxa named by Charles William Andrews | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarcosaurus |
Italian Scots () are Scots who are fully or partially of Italian descent, whose ancestors were Italians who emigrated to Scotland during the Italian diaspora, or Italian-born people in Scotland. This term can also refer to people of mixed Scottish and Italian ancestry. A recent Italian voter census estimated that there are 70,000 to 100,000 people in Scotland of Italian descent or Italian nationals, which is up to 1.9% of the overall Scottish population.
Latest available figures from the 2011 UK Census show there were 6,048 people born in Italy living in Scotland. This was up from 4,936 in 2001 and 3,947 recorded in 1991. In 2016, Ronnie Convery, secretary of the Italian Scotland charitable organisation and director of communications at the Archdiocese of Glasgow, asserted that a completely new dimension was being added to the Scots-Italians community. He said, “There has been a brand new migration over the past two years, and the biggest one we have seen in 100 years."
Migration to Scotland from Italy has been predominantly from the provinces of Lucca and Frosinone. Additional provinces with fairly significant emigration to Scotland include Isernia, La Spezia, Pistoia, Parma, Latina, Massa-Carrara and Pordenone. The Scottish Italian community settled mostly in the Glasgow area, most of whom are of Tuscan origin. The smaller Italian community in and around Edinburgh is predominantly of Lazian origin.
History
Arguably the first people from Italy to reach Scotland were the Romans in and around 40AD, although the modern nations of Italy and Scotland did not exist at the time, and the Roman Empire was a cosmopolitan institution, with some Roman Emperors from the Iberian Peninsula and North Africa. Still, at least some of the Romans in Scotland were probably from what is now Italy and their constructions in Scotland of the Antonine Wall and other, mostly military installations, provide some insight into the period. No Roman or Romano-Celtic identity appears to have existed in Scotland at this time and it was not until the end of the 19th century that any form of an Italian-Scots identity ever began to take shape.
Many Italian-Scots can trace their ancestry back to the 1890s where their forefathers escaped drought, famine and poverty in their homeland for a better life in Scotland; yet it was not until World War I that a sizeable population of Italian-Scots—over 4,000—began to emerge, with Glasgow hosting the third largest community in the United Kingdom. Since then, there has been a steady flow of migration between the two countries.
Italy and the fascist involvement in World War II brought many hardships on Italians settled in Scotland - many families were separated as adult males were interned. The family members that were left behind were forced to cope with mistrust and discrimination. Of those imprisoned many men found themselves held in Northern Ireland and the Isle of Man. A number of others were employed in Orkney, at Scapa Flow, to construct a barrier against Nazi U-boats. These men additionally constructed the Chapel of Lambholm from scrap metal and junk. Nowadays, this Chapel is one of Orkney's most popular tourist attractions.
Today, Italian Scots can be found working in all manner of professions. However, a large proportion of the community have plied their trade in the catering industry, working in the chip shops, ice-cream parlours, pizzerias and restaurants across Scotland.
In Edinburgh,The Italo-Scottish Research Cluster (ISRC) aims to study Italian immigration in Scotland and promote relations between Scotland and Italy.
Notable Italian Scots
John Amabile, interior designer
Ronni Ancona, impressionist and actress
Angus Barbieri, holds the Guinness World Record for the longest recorded fast at 382 days.
Nicola Benedetti, violinist
George Biagi, Rugby Player
Romana D'Annunzio, television presenter
Junior Campbell, musician and composer
Gianni Capaldi, actor
Lewis Capaldi (b. 1996), singer-songwriter and first cousin, twice removed of actor Peter Capaldi
Peter Capaldi (b. 1958), actor and director, best-known for Malcolm Tucker in The Thick of It and the Twelfth Doctor in Doctor Who
Emilio Coia, caricaturist
Jack Coia, architect
Paul Coia, television presenter
Angela Constance, Scottish National Party MSP
Mario Joseph Conti, emeritus Archbishop of Glasgow
Nina Conti, actor, comedian, and ventriloquist
Tom Conti, actor
Adrienne Corri, actress
Simon Danielli, rugby union player
Nick De Luca, rugby union player
Richard Demarco, art impresario
Sophia Dussek, musician
Paul di Giacomo, footballer
Linda Fabiani, Scottish National Party MSP, and former Minister for Culture
Charles Forte, hotelier
Rocco Forte, hotelier
Dario Franchitti, Racecar driver
Marino Franchitti, Racecar driver
Chris Fusaro, rugby player
Armando Iannucci, writer and satirist
Keira Lucchesi, actress
Lou Macari, footballer and football manager
Peter Marinello, footballer
Oscar Marzaroli, photographer
Dominic Matteo, footballer
Kirsty Mitchell, actress
Alberto Morrocco, artist
Giovanni Moscardini, footballer
Sir Anton Muscatelli, Principal and Vice-Chancellorof the University of Glasgow
Daniela Nardini, actress
Paolo Nutini, singer-songwriter
Sir Eduardo Paolozzi, sculptor
Carmen Pieraccini, actress
Paul di Resta, Formula 1 racecar driver
David Rizzio, private secretary of Mary, Queen of Scots
Marcus Di Rollo, rugby player
Carla Romano, TV journalist
George Rossi, actor
Ricky Sbragia, footballer
Tom Sermanni, football coach
Rachel Sermanni, singer-songwriter
Sharleen Spiteri, singer-songwriter; guitarist; lead vocalist of the Scottish pop-rock band Texas
Ken Stott, actor
Philip Tartaglia, Archbishop of Glasgow
Margaret (Maggie) Zavaroni, singer ; seamstress
Alexander Trocchi, writer
Peter Vettese, musician
Jack Vettriano, painter
Charles Edward Stuart, Prince
Lena Zavaroni, singer
In popular culture
American Cousins – A film about an Italian Scots family and their Mafia associated American cousins.
Strictly Sinatra
Comfort and Joy – A film about a war between rival Italian ice cream companies in Glasgow. The film is a spoof of American gangster movies.
Soft Top Hard Shoulder
See also
Italian migration to Britain
Immigration to the United Kingdom
Italian diaspora
Italians in the United Kingdom
Welsh Italians
Genoese in Gibraltar
List of British Italians
Italian Scot communities of Filignano and Cerasuolo
References
Further reading
Pieri, J. (2005), The Scots-Italians: Recollections of an Immigrant, The Mercat Press
Italian diaspora in the United Kingdom
Scots
Immigration to Scotland
Ethnic groups in Scotland | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian%20Scots |
Ian David Sinclair, (December 27, 1913 – April 7, 2006) was a Canadian lawyer, businessman, and senator.
He was born in Winnipeg, Manitoba, and received a Bachelor of Arts degree in economics in 1937 from the University of Manitoba and a Bachelor of Law degree from the Manitoba Law School in 1941.
Sinclair was called to Bar of Manitoba in 1941. From 1942 to 1943, he was a lecturer in torts at the University of Manitoba.
In 1942, he started at Canadian Pacific Ltd. in the law department as an assistant solicitor and eventually rose to become president and CEO in 1969. He was also Clchairman and CEO from 1972 to 1981. While president, Sinclair assisted Father David Bauer and the Canada men's national ice hockey team by arranging free and discounted transportation for the team.
In 1983, he was summoned to the Senate of Canada and represented the senatorial division of Halton, Ontario. A Liberal, he retired on September 27, 1988.
In 1979, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada "for his contribution to the commercial development of Canada." He was also inducted into the Canadian Business Hall of Fame.
He and his wife, Ruth, had four children.
In the late 1970s, he was the subject of the television documentary "Best Job in Canada" in which he disclosed that his weekly salary was $10,700. One of his more colourful quotes in the program was "I don't have heart attacks, I give them."
References
External links
1913 births
2006 deaths
Businesspeople from Winnipeg
Canadian Pacific Railway executives
Canadian senators from Ontario
Liberal Party of Canada senators
Officers of the Order of Canada
Politicians from Winnipeg | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian%20David%20Sinclair |
Sauropelta ( ; meaning 'lizard shield') is a genus of nodosaurid dinosaur that existed in the Early Cretaceous Period of North America. One species (S. edwardsorum) has been named although others may have existed. Anatomically, Sauropelta is one of the most well-understood nodosaurids, with fossilized remains recovered in the U.S. states of Wyoming, Montana, and possibly Utah. It is also the earliest known genus of nodosaurid; most of its remains are found in a section of the Cloverly Formation dated to 108.5 million years ago.
It was a medium-sized nodosaurid, measuring about long. Sauropelta had a distinctively long tail which made up about half of its body length. Although its body was smaller than a modern black rhinoceros, Sauropelta was about the same mass, weighing in at about . The extra weight was largely due to its extensive covering of bony armor, including the characteristically large spines projecting from its neck.
Description
Sauropelta was a heavily built quadrupedal herbivore with a body length of approximately and a body mass of . The skull was triangular when viewed from above, with the rear end wider than the tapering snout. One skull measured 35 centimeters (13.75 in) in width at its widest point, behind the eyes. Unlike some other nodosaurids, the roof of the skull was characteristically flat, not domed. The roof of the skull was very thick and covered in flat, bony plates that are so tightly fused that there appear to be no sutures (boundaries) like the ones seen in Panoplosaurus, Pawpawsaurus, Silvisaurus, and many other ankylosaurs. This could also be an artifact of preservation or preparation. As in other ankylosaurs, thick triangular scutes projected from the postorbital bone, above and behind the eyes, as well as the jugal bone, below and behind the eyes. More typically for nodosaurids, leaf-shaped teeth lined both upper and lower jaws, used for cutting plant material. The front end of the skull is unknown, but there would have been a sharp bony ridge (tomium) at the end of both upper and lower jaws, as seen in other ankylosaurs. This ridge probably would have supported a keratinous beak.
The tail of Sauropelta was characteristically long and made up nearly half of the body length. One skeleton preserved forty caudal (tail) vertebrae, although some were missing, suggesting that the true number of caudal vertebrae may have exceeded fifty. Ossified tendons stiffened the tail along its length. Like other ankylosaurs, Sauropelta had a wide body, with a very broad pelvis and ribcage. The forelimbs were shorter than the hindlimbs, which resulted in an arched back, with the highest point over the hips. Its feet, limbs, shoulders, and pelvis were all very stoutly constructed and reinforced to support a great deal of weight.
Like other nodosaurids, Sauropelta was covered in armor formed from bony masses embedded in the skin (osteoderms). The discovery of a skeleton with the body armor preserved in situ allowed Carpenter and other scientists to accurately describe this protection. Two parallel rows of domed scutes ran down the top of the neck, along the anteroposterior axis (front to back). On the upper surface of the back and tail, the skin was covered in small, bony nodules (ossicles), which separated larger conical scutes arranged in parallel rows along the mediolateral axis (side to side). Over the hips, the ossicles and larger domed plates were interlocked very tightly to form a structure called a sacral shield. This shield is also found in ankylosaurs like Polacanthus and Antarctopelta. Large, pointed spines lined the sides of the neck, increasing in size towards the shoulders, and then decreasing in size again along the side of the body until they stopped just before the hips. Behind the hips, flat triangular plates lined the tail on both sides, pointing laterally (outwards) and decreasing in size towards the end of the tail. Carpenter originally described the cervical (neck) spines and caudal plates as belonging to a single row on each side, although more recently he and Jim Kirkland reconstructed them in two parallel rows on each side, one above the other. The upper row of cervical spines pointed backwards and upwards (posterodorsally), while the lower row pointed backwards and outwards (posterolaterally). The bases of each pair of cervical spines and each pair of caudal plates were fused together, greatly restricting mobility in both the neck and upper tail.
Classification and systematics
Since John Ostrom first described Sauropelta in 1970, it has been recognized as a member of the family Nodosauridae. The nodosaurids, along with the family Ankylosauridae, belong within the infraorder Ankylosauria. Nodosaurids are characterized by certain features of the skull, including the mandible (lower jaw), which curves downwards at the end. Overall, nodosaurids had narrower snouts than the ankylosaurids, and also lacked the heavy ankylosaurid tail clubs. Nodosaurids, like ankylosaurids, are found in North America, Asia, and Europe.
While the systematics (evolutionary relationships) of nodosaurids have not been firmly established, the genera Sauropelta, Silvisaurus and Pawpawsaurus are sometimes considered to be basal to geologically younger nodosaurids like Panoplosaurus, Edmontonia, and Animantarx. In a 2001 analysis, Carpenter included the former three genera in a sister clade to a group containing the latter three, although he found that Panoplosaurus could belong to either clade, depending which taxa and characters were chosen.
Discovery and naming
In the early 1930s, famed dinosaur hunter and paleontologist Barnum Brown collected the holotype specimen of Sauropelta (AMNH 3032, a partial skeleton) from the Cloverly Formation in Big Horn County, Montana. The locality is inside the Crow Indian Reservation. Brown also discovered two other specimens (AMNH 3035 and 3036). The latter is one of the best-preserved nodosaurid skeletons known to science, includes a large amount of in situ armor, and is on display in the American Museum of Natural History in New York City. AMNH 3035 preserves the cervical armor and most of a skull, missing only the end of the snout. Expeditions in the 1960s led by the equally renowned John Ostrom of Yale University's Peabody Museum of Natural History recovered additional incomplete specimens from the Cloverly. In 1970, Ostrom coined the genus Sauropelta to include remains discovered by both expeditions. Derived from the Greek () ('lizard') and πελτε () ('shield'), this name is a reference to its bony armor. Although Ostrom originally named the species S. edwardsi, nomenclaturist George Olshevsky corrected the spelling to S. edwardsorum in 1991 to conform to Latin grammar rules.
Despite the naming of Sauropelta two years earlier, confusion arose in 1972 when the name "Peltosaurus" was inadvertently published as the caption of a photograph of AMNH 3036. Although Brown never published a name or description for the remains which are now known as Sauropelta edwardsorum, "Peltosaurus" was the name he informally used in lectures and museum exhibits. However, the name Peltosaurus was preoccupied by a genus of North American lizard from an extinct branch of the modern family Anguidae (the alligator lizards and the legless glass lizards) and is no longer used to refer to the dinosaur.
In 1999, Carpenter and colleagues described material of a large nodosaurid from Utah, discovered in a member of the Cedar Mountain Formation called the Poison Strip Sandstone, which is contemporaneous with the Cloverly Formation. He originally referred it to Sauropelta as a possible new species, but it was never named. In more recent publications, Carpenter no longer refers the Poison Strip animal to Sauropelta, only to the family Nodosauridae.
Other recent, but undescribed, discoveries include a complete skull from the Cloverly of Montana and a huge fragmentary skeleton from the Cedar Mountain Formation of Utah. These discoveries have been published only as abstracts for the annual Society of Vertebrate Paleontology conference, and may or may not prove to belong to S. edwardsorum or even Sauropelta when formally published.
Footprint discoveries
In 1932, Charles Mortram Sternberg reported the presence of the footprints of a large, four-footed dinosaur from Lower Cretaceous rocks in British Columbia, Canada. He described a new ichnogenus and species for these tracks, Tetrapodosaurus borealis, and attributed them to ceratopsians. However, in 1984 paleontologist Kenneth Carpenter re-examined the British Columbian Tetrapodosaurus prints and argued that they were made by ankylosaurs rather than ceratopsians. Specifically, Carpenter concluded that these were probably the footprints of Sauropelta. Five years later, large numbers of Tetrapodosaurus tracks were discovered at the Smoky River Coal Mine near Grande Cache, Alberta. This site is considered the most important ankylosaur track site in the world.
Paleoecology
Sauropelta was one of the earliest known nodosaurids. All specimens of S. edwardsorum were recovered from the Little Sheep Mudstone section of the Cloverly Formation in Wyoming and Montana, which has been dated to 108.5 million years ago, during the Early Cretaceous. Sauropelta lived in wide floodplains around rivers that drained into the shallow inland sea to the north and east, carrying sediment eroded from the low mountains to the west. Periodic flooding of these rivers covered the surrounding plains with new muddy sediments, creating the Cloverly Formation and burying the remains of many animals, some of which would be fossilized. At the end of Cloverly times, the shallow sea would expand to cover the entire region and would eventually split North America completely in half, forming the Western Interior Seaway. Abundant fossil remains of coniferous trees suggest that these plains were covered in forests. Grasses would not evolve until later in the Cretaceous, so Sauropelta and other Early Cretaceous dinosaurian herbivores browsed from a variety of conifers and cycads. Nodosaurids like Sauropelta had narrow snouts, an adaptation seen today in animals that are selective browsers as opposed to the wide muzzles of grazers.
While Sauropelta was an important part of the Cloverly herbivore guild, the most abundant herbivorous dinosaur of the time was the large iguanodont Tenontosaurus. The smaller hypsilophodont Zephyrosaurus, rare titanosaur sauropods, and an unknown type of ornithomimosaur also lived alongside Sauropelta. The dromaeosaurid theropod Deinonychus fed upon some of these herbivores, and the sheer number of Deinonychus teeth scattered throughout the formation are a testament to its abundance. Microvenator, a small basal oviraptorosaur, hunted smaller prey, while the apex predators of the Cloverly was the large carcharodontosaurid theropod Acrocanthosaurus. Lungfish, triconodont mammals, and several species of turtles lived in the Cloverly, while crocodilians prowled the rivers, lakes, and swamps, providing evidence of a year-round warm climate. The Late Jurassic fauna dominated by allosauroids, stegosaurs, and many varieties of huge sauropods gave way by Cloverly times to an Early Cretaceous fauna in which dromaeosaurs, ornithopods, and nodosaurs like Sauropelta were predominant. After the Cloverly ended, a large wave of Asian animals, including tyrannosaurids, ceratopsians, and ankylosaurids would disperse into western North America, forming the mixed fauna seen throughout the Late Cretaceous.
See also
Timeline of ankylosaur research
References
External links
Entries in Online Collections Database at the American Museum of Natural History:
AMNH 3032 (pictures of assorted bones included)
AMNH 3035 (pictures of skull and cervical armor included)
AMNH 3036
Entry for Nodosauridae on Tree of Life, including modern restoration of Sauropelta armor
Nodosaurids
Early Cretaceous dinosaurs of North America
Fossil taxa described in 1970
Taxa named by John Ostrom
Cloverly fauna
Paleontology in Wyoming
Paleontology in Montana
Ornithischian genera | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sauropelta |
Robert Anton Grim (March 8, 1930 – October 23, 1996) was a pitcher in Major League Baseball.
Life
Born in New York City, he was signed as an amateur free agent by the New York Yankees in 1948. His Major League debut was on April 18, 1954 for the Yankees. He wore uniform number 55 for the Yankees during his entire period on the team. He won 20 games (the first Yankee rookie to win 20 since 1910) and lost only 6 that year, with a 3.26 earned run average, and was voted American League Rookie of the Year, with 15 votes out of 24. He played in two World Series for the Yankees, in 1955 (against the Brooklyn Dodgers) and in 1957 (against the Milwaukee Braves). By 1957, because of arm troubles, he became an exclusive relief pitcher. He has been retroactively listed as leading the American League in saves in 1957 with 19. (At the time, saves were not a regularly calculated statistic.)
Grim got the final out of the 1957 All-Star Game, being brought in from the bullpen with the American League leading 6–5 and getting pinch-hitter Gil Hodges on a game-ending fly out to left field. He also took the loss in Game 4 of the 1957 World Series when he allowed a walk-off home run to Milwaukee Braves third baseman Eddie Mathews.
On June 15, 1958, Grim was traded, along with Harry Simpson, by the New York Yankees to the Kansas City Athletics for Duke Maas and Virgil Trucks. He had records of 7–6 and 6–10 for the Athletics the next two seasons.
He played with three teams in 1960. On April 5, 1960, he was traded by Kansas City to the Cleveland Indians for Leo Kiely. On May 18, the Cincinnati Reds purchased his contract from Cleveland, and on July 29, the St. Louis Cardinals purchased his contract from Cincinnati. He spent all of 1961 at the Triple-A level in the Redbird organization.
Grim was released by the Cardinals before the 1962 season, but on April 9, 1962 he was signed as a free agent with the Kansas City Athletics. His final MLB game was played on May 24, and the A's released him on May 31.
He died in Shawnee, Kansas at age 66 after suffering a heart attack while throwing snowballs with neighborhood kids.
See also
List of Major League Baseball annual saves leaders
References
External links
Bob Grim's biographical information and statistics at Baseball Almanac
1930 births
1996 deaths
American League All-Stars
Amsterdam Rugmakers players
Binghamton Triplets players
Butler Yankees players
Charleston Marlins players
Cincinnati Reds players
Cleveland Indians players
Kansas City Athletics players
Major League Baseball pitchers
Major League Baseball Rookie of the Year Award winners
New York Yankees players
Norfolk Tars players
Portland Beavers players
St. Louis Cardinals players
San Juan Marlins players
Baseball players from New York City | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob%20Grim%20%28baseball%29 |
Rutalahti is a village in Leivonmäki, since 2008 a part of the municipality of Joutsa in Central Finland. The distance to Jyväskylä is 40 km. The countryside festival Suo Anteeks has been organized two times, 2005 and 2009.
Geography
Rutalahti is located in the far western part of the old Leivonmäki municipality, close to the borders with Toivakka and Korpilahti (since 2009 part of Jyväskylä). The village is located by the Päijänne and one of its bays, also called Rutalahti, however the bay is mostly within the territory of Toivakka and Korpilahti.
History
Rutalahti is named after the Rutalahti bay of Päijänne, originally held by the people of Sääksmäki as hunting grounds. As a village, Rutalahti was first mentioned in the 1540s. It was originally one of the villages of Vespuoli in Korpilahti, but was transferred to Leivonmäki in 1936. The village became a part of Joutsa with the rest of Leivonmäki in 2008.
References
External links
Rutalahden kylä – Official homepages of Rutalahti
Joutsa
Villages in Finland | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rutalahti |
Armstrong Audio, originally called Armstrong Wireless and Television Ltd. was a British manufacturer of radios and other audio equipment based in London, England. Founded by Claude Charles Jackson in 1932.
History
Initially created to manufacture portable radios, during World War II their factory was used to manufacture radios, public address systems, and various electronic parts. After the war, they began to produce television sets, as well as long range radios for ships, but eventually ceased production of those lines to manufacture radios, amplifiers and tuners for home consumer use. In the 1950s when the high fidelity market began to take shape, the company name was changed to Armstrong Audio and they focused their marketing and manufacturing at becoming hi-fi specialists.
During the 1960s and 1970s they were extremely successful, creating several durable radio models which are still in use by consumers today, but by the end of the 1970s their lease on their factory ran out and it was decided not to invest in a new one. The building was torn down and the owners redeveloped it. Using plans developed for a further radio model, some of the staff continued on as Armstrong Amplifiers, but due to a lack of capital and suitable manufacturing space, production did not last long.
Today, what once was Armstrong Audio is now called Armstrong Hi-Fi and Video Services and is based in Walthamstow, and they provide maintenance contract to a number of retail stores.
Armstrong 521
The Armstrong 521 was a stereo hi-fi amplifier from the Armstrong Audio company and was marketed as 2 x 25W amplifier.
It employed germanium AL102 transistors in its output stages and these had a reputation for failure and are now unobtainable although it is possible, with modification to replace these with newer, silicon transistors. The amplifier was a single rail design and employed an electrolytic output capacitor in the output stage. The amplifier featured inputs for tape, tuner and MM gramophone and on the front panel had 4 rotary controls for volume, bass, treble and balance. Underneath these controls were a series of black push buttons which allowed control of the input sources as well as loudness, high pass filters, rumble filters and tape bypass. The amplifier was presented with an aluminium, silk-screened front panel with a teak case and a matte black rear panel. The amplifiers were marketed from the 1968–1972 when it was replaced by 600 series.
Product reviews
PCU25 Preamp/Control Unit + A20 Valve Power Amp
Gramophone, rev. by Philip G. Tandy, April 1962
Hi Fi News, rev. by George W. Tillett, April 1962
Amateur Tape Recording, rev. by Fred Judd, May 1962
Audio and Record Review, September 1962
400 Range
Hi Fi News, 426 Receiver (Amp + AM/FM tuners) rev., by George Goodall, October 1968
500 Range amplifier
Hi Fi Sound, review of 521 Amplifier, by Fred Judd, April 1969
Audio and Record Review, review of 521 Amplifier, by Frank Roberts & Donald Aldous, 1969
Luister [Dutch], review of 521 Amplifier by Jan Kool, 1969
Which, Large comparison review including the 521 Amplifier, April 1970
Hi Fi Sound, review of 526, by Fred Judd, May 1970
Hi Fi Sound, 526 included in comparison of 10 tuner-amps, by Fred Judd, October 1920
600 Range amplifier
Audio, 626 Receiver (Amp + AM/FM tuners) rev., by Fred Judd, May 1973
Hi Fi News, 626 Receiver (Amp + AM/FM tuners) rev., by Fred Judd, October 1973
Hi Fi Answers, 626 Receiver (Amp + AM/FM tuners) review., December 1974
Luister [Dutch], 621 Amplifier rev., by Jan Kool, November 1973
Hi Fi choice, Receivers 626 Review, by Angus McKenzie, 1976 Issue 2
Hi Fi choice, Amplifiers 621 Review, by Hugh Ford, 1976 Issue 6
Hi Fi choice, Receivers 626 Review, by Angus McKenzie, 1977 Issue 7
Audio (USA), 625 Receiver (Amp + FM tuner) rev. by Leonard Feldman, March 1978
Practical HiFi, 602 Speakers as part of a 'system' rev., by Philip Mount, March 1978
700 Range
Hi Fi News, 730/732 Amplifier rev. by Martin Colloms, July 1982
Popular HiFi 730/732 Amplifier rev. by Noel Keywood & Chris Thomas, September 1982
Hi Fi News, postscript to July review, September 1982
References
External links
UK Hi-Fi History (Armstrong section)
Audio equipment manufacturers of the United Kingdom
Audio amplifiers
1932 establishments in the United Kingdom | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armstrong%20Audio |
Sauroplites (meaning "saurian hoplite") is a genus of herbivorous ankylosaurian dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous of China.
Discovery and naming
In 1930, the Swedish paleontologist Anders Birger Bohlin during the Swedish-Chinese expeditions of Sven Hedin discovered an ankylosaurian fossil near Tebch in Inner Mongolia.
The type species Sauroplites scutiger was named and described by Bohlin in 1953. The generic name is derived from Greek sauros or saura, "lizard", and hoplites, "hoplite, armed foot soldier". The specific name is Neo-Latin for "shield bearer", in reference to the body armour.
At first generally accepted as valid, even though a diagnosis had originally not been provided, Sauroplites was later often considered a nomen dubium because it is based on fragmentary material. Some believed it might actually be a specimen of another ankylosaur, Shamosaurus. However, in 2014 Victoria Megan Arbour discovered a clear unique trait, autapomorphy: the sacral or pelvic shield shows rosettes with a large central osteoderm surrounded by a single ring of smaller scutes. Other species have multiple or irregular rings. She concluded that Sauroplites was a valid taxon.
The specimens were not given an inventory number and are today lost, though some casts are present in the American Museum of Natural History as specimen AMNH 2074. They were found in a layer of the Zhidan Group, probably dating from the Barremian to Aptian stages. The carcass had been deposited on its back and the bones had been eroded away, apart from some ribs and perhaps a piece of an ischium, leaving parts of the body armour in a largely articulated position.
Description
The large central osteoderms of the rosettes are rather flat and have a diameter of ten centimetres. More to the front oval osteoderms, with an asymmetric low keel, cover the back, with a length of up to forty centimetres. Thirty centimetre osteoderms cover the sides.
Classification
Bohlin placed Sauroplites in the Ankylosauridae. However, Arbour (2014) considered it possible that it was a member of the Nodosauridae in view of the possession of a sacral shield consisting of fused rosettes which is unknown with unequivocal ankylosaurids, even though nodosaurid remains from Asia are rare and contentious. In a cladistic analysis she performed, Sauroplites was recovered as a nodosaurid.
In 2018, Rivera-Sylva and colleagues suggested that Sauroplites belonged to a clade of basal nodosaurids that also contained Dongyangopelta and Mymoorapelta, Their cladogram is shown below:
See also
Timeline of ankylosaur research
References
Nodosaurids
Early Cretaceous dinosaurs of Asia
Taxa named by Birger Bohlin
Paleontology in Inner Mongolia
Ornithischian genera | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sauroplites |
Eno Raud (15 February 1928 – 10 July 1996) was an Estonian children's writer. His works are considered classics in Estonia as well as in the other former Soviet countries. Raud was included in International Board on Books for Young People (IBBY) Honour List in 1974.
Early life and career
Raud was born in Tartu to writer Mart Raud and Lea Raud. He studied Estonian language and literature at the University of Tartu in 1952. From 1952 to 1956 he worked in the National Library of Estonia, from 1956 to 1965 in the Estonian State Publishing House. After that he retired and devoted himself to writing. He died in Haapsalu, aged 68.
Raud penned more than 50 books of stories and poems over his lifetime. His most popular works include Three Jolly Fellows, A Story with Flying Saucers, The Gothamites and Raggie. The author's children's books have been translated into more than 30 languages.
Personal
Eno Raud was married to writer Aino Pervik; their children are scholar and author Rein Raud, musician and writer Mihkel Raud and children's writer and illustrator Piret Raud.
Bibliography
Selected Estonian titles in chronological order
Sipsik (Raggie), 1962
Kilplased (The Gothamites), 1962
Tuli pimendatud linnas (A Light in a Darkened City), 1967
Päris kriminaalne lugu (A Quite Criminal Tale), 1968
Lugu lendavate taldrikutega (A Story with Flying Saucers), 1969
Telepaatiline lugu (A Telepathic Tale), 1970
Naksitrallid (Three Jolly Fellows. 1–2), 1972
Jälle need Naksitrallid (Three Jolly Fellows. 3–4), 1979
Translations
Selected translations
Raggie
Lithuanian: Cypliukas, Gimtasis Žodis 2006
Russian: Сипсик, Tammerraamat 2010, 2012, 2015
Russian: Сипсик, Детская литература 1979, 1980, РОСМЭН 2013
A Story with Flying Saucers
Hungarian: A repülő csészealjak története, Móra 1985
Greek: Kedros, 1982, 1984
Azerbaijani: "Uçan boşqab"ların əhvalatı, Gənclik 1982
Slovak: Lietajúce taniere, Pravda 1981
Romanian/Moldova: О историе ку „фарфурий збурэтоаре”, Литература артистикэ 1980
Bulgarian: История с „летящи чинии”, Народна младеж 1978
Latvian: Lidojošie šķīvji, Liesma 1977
German: Die Geschichte mit den fliegenden Untertassen, Eesti Raamat 1976, Perioodika 1978
Russian: История с „летающими тарелками”, Детская литературa 1977
Finnish: Lentävän lautasen arvoitus, WSOY 1975
The Gothamites
English: The Gothamites, Brooklyn, NY: Elsewhere Editions 2019
Three Jolly Fellows, books 1–4
Russian: Муфта, Полботинка и Моховая Борода, newest ed. НИГМА 2015
Latvian: Naksitrallīši (Books 1–2), Zvaigzne ABC 2010
German: Drei lustige Gesellen, Leiv 2009–2012
Lithuanian: Pabaldukai (Books 1–2), Vaga 1998
Awards
1970: All-Union Children's and Youth Literature Competition, 1st prize (Fire in a Darkened City)
1970: Annual Prize of Literature of the Estonian SSR (The Inquisitive Film Camera, A Story with Flying Saucers)
1974: IBBY Honour List (Three Jolly Fellows. 1)
1978: Honored Writer of the Estonian SSR
1980: Annual J. Smuul Award for Literature (Three Jolly Fellows. 1)
1987: Estonian State Prize (Three Jolly Fellows. 1–4)
1996: Karl Eduard Sööt Children's Poetry Award (posthumously) (A Fish Takes a Walk)
References
1928 births
1996 deaths
Writers from Tartu
Estonian children's writers
20th-century Estonian writers
University of Tartu alumni | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eno%20Raud |
Solid film lubricants are paint-like coatings of very fine particles of lubricating pigment blended with a binder and other additives. The lubricant is applied to a substrate by spray, dip or brush methods and, once cured, creates a solid film which repels water, reduces friction and increases the wear life of the substrate to which it has been applied. Certain film lubricants also offer additional properties such as corrosion inhibition. Solid film lubricants are used in the automotive, transportation and aerospace industries. 2 commonly used ones are graphite and molybdenum disulfide.
References
Lubricants | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid%20film%20lubricant |
Scolosaurus is an extinct genus of ankylosaurid dinosaurs within the subfamily Ankylosaurinae. It is known from the lower levels of the Dinosaur Park Formation and upper levels of the Oldman Formation in the Late Cretaceous (latest middle Campanian stage, about 76.5 Ma ago) of Alberta, Canada. It contains two species, S. cutleri and S. thronus. The type species, S. cutleri, measured up to in length and in body mass.
Discovery
Scolosaurus was named by Franz Nopcsa von Felső-Szilvás in 1928, based on holotype NHMUK R.5161, a nearly complete specimen that preserves the entire skeleton except for the distal end of the tail, the right forelimb, the right hindlimb, and the skull. The rare preservation of osteoderms and skin impression are also present. The fossil skeleton was discovered by William Edmund Cutler, an independent fossil collector in 1914 at Quarry 80 of the Deadlodge Canyon locality. It was collected from the bottom of the Dinosaur Park Formation in fine-grained sandstone and fine-grained claystone sediments that were deposited during the Campanian stage of the Late Cretaceous period, approximately 76.5 million years ago. The holotype specimen is housed in the collection of the Natural History Museum in London, England.
In 2013, Arbour and Currie reassigned specimen MOR 433, upon which the genus Oohkotokia was based, to Scolosaurus. This specimen consists of a partial skull, both humeri, a caudal vertebra and several osteoderms and was recovered in the Upper Member of the Two Medicine Formation, in Montana, which has been dated at approximately 74 million years. The remains were collected in 1986-1987 in grey siltstone that was deposited during the Campanian stage of the Cretaceous period. The specimen is housed in the collection of the Museum of the Rockies in Bozeman, Montana.
The generic name Scolosaurus means "pointed stake lizard" and is derived from the Greek words skolos (σκῶλος) meaning "pointed stake", and saûros (σαύρα) meaning "lizard". The specific name, cutleri, honours its discoverer and the collector of the holotype, W. E. Cutler, who was seriously injured when the specimen fell on him as he was excavating it.
Classification
In 1928, Nopcsa assigned the specimen to the family Ankylosauridae, and drew morphological comparisons with the fossil material known from Dyoplosaurus. In 1971, Walter Coombs concluded that there was only one species of ankylosaurid during the Campanian age of the Late Cretaceous of North America. He synonymized the species Anodontosaurus lambei, Dyoplosaurus acutosquameus, and Scolosaurus cutleri with Euoplocephalus tutus but did not provide any justification for these synonymies. The synonymization of Scolosaurus cutleri and Euoplocephalus tutus was generally accepted and thus NHMUK R.5161 was assigned to E. tutus. However, a redescription of Scolosaurus published in 2013 in the Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences by Paul Penkalski and William T. Blows suggested that the genus is a valid taxon. They concluded that Scolosaurus can be distinguished from Euoplocephalus by the form of their cervical armour, the details of other armour and the structure of the forelimb. They also concluded that Scolosaurus and Dyoplosaurus are distinct, due to differences noted in the pelvis and armour. Due to its completeness, the holotype of Scolosaurus has formed the basis for most Euoplocephalus reconstructions since 1971; therefore, most images of Euoplocephalus actually depict Scolosaurus instead.
A 2013 study found that the ankylosaurine Oohkotokia was indistinguishable from Scolosaurus, and was therefore considered a junior synonym. However, this synonymization is contentious as Oohkotokia was subsequently recognized as valid. Thus, much of the material illustrated as belonging to Scolosaurus may actually pertain to Oohkotokia.
The following cladogram is based on a 2015 phylogenetic analysis of the Ankylosaurinae conducted by Victoria Arbour and Phillip J. Currie. The cladogram follows the biogeographical family tree provided by that study, which is a fusion of the study's 50% majority rule tree as well as the maximum agreement subtree. The study's 50% majority rule tree was a cladogram formed by a collection of clades, although it only included clades that appear in more than 50% of the family trees found during the analysis. The maximum agreement subtree is the cladogram that results from an algorithm which attempts to maximize the amount of taxa included in the result while also retaining the fundamental shape of all other trees in the sample. Some controversial taxa thus had to be omitted by the subtree in order for the resulting cladogram to fulfill the second requirement. The biogeographical tree (i.e. the following cladogram) is basically the 50% majority rule tree, except with some of the polytomies resolved according to the results of the maximum agreement subtree:
The following cladogram is based on a 2017 phylogenetic analysis of the Ankylosaurinae conducted by Victoria Arbour and David Evans. The cladogram depicts the majority rule (average result) of 10 most parsimonious trees, which each are considered to have the fewest evolutionary steps, thus being the most accurate under the principle of Occam's razor:
Referred material
In 1874, G. M. Dawson excavated specimen USNM 7943 at the Milk River locality of the Frenchman Formation in Alberta. It was collected from terrestrial sediments that are considered to be from the Maastrichtian stage of the Late Cretaceous, approximately 70.6 to 66 million years old. The specimen consisted of a partial first cervical ring, which is part of the dinosaur's neck. In 2013, this material was assigned to Scolosaurus by Arbour and Curry who conducted a detailed phylogenetic analysis of the ankylosauridae. It is currently housed at the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, DC.
In 1928, George F. Sternberg, collected specimen USNM 11892, from the Montanazhdarcho holotype locality, high up in the Two Medicine Formation in Glacier County, Montana. The material, a partial skull, was recovered from channel sandstone sediments that were deposited during the Campanian stage, approximately 74 million years ago. This is also housed at the Smithsonian Institution.
Other referred specimens include FPDM V-31, NSM PV 20381 and TMP 2001.42.9. FPDM V-31 and TMP 2001.42.9 are both skulls, in various states of preservation. NSM PV 20381 includes a skull, dorsal vertebrae, caudal vertebrae, ribs, both scapulae, both ilia, partial ischia, and both femora, both tibiae and fibulae.
Distinguishing anatomical features
A differential diagnosis is a statement of the anatomical features of an organism (or group) that collectively distinguish it from all other organisms. Some, but not all, of the features in a diagnosis are also autapomorphies. An autapomorphy is a distinctive anatomical feature that is unique to a given organism.
According to Arbour and Currie (2013), Scolosaurus (including the Two Medicine material) can be distinguished from other ankylosaurines based on the following characteristics:
the squamosal horns are proportionately longer, are backswept, and have distinct apices (unlike Anodontosaurus lambei and Euoplocephalus tutus)
the presence of a small circular caputegula at the bases of the squamosal and quadratojugal bones (unlike Euoplocephalus tutus)
the postacetabular process of the ilium is proportionately longer (compared to Anodontosaurus lambei, Dyoplosaurus acutosquameus and Euoplocephalus tutus)
the presence of proportionately large circular medial osteoderms with low central prominences, and compressed, half-moon shaped lateral/distal osteoderms on the cervical half rings (unlike Anodontosaurus lambei and Euoplocephalus tutus)
the sacral ribs are laterally-directed (unlike Dyoplosaurus acutosquameus)
the osteoderms are conical, with centrally positioned apices on the lateral sides of the anterior portion of the tail (unlike Dyoplosaurus acutosquameus)
the tail club knob appears circular in dorsal view, unlike that of Anodontosaurus, which appears wider than it is long or that of Dyoplosaurus, which appears longer than it is wide
the presence of anteriorly-directed nares, and the absence of a continuous keel between the squamosal horn and the supraorbital bones (unlike Ankylosaurus magniventris)
Paleoecology
Habitat
Argon-argon radiometric dating indicates that the Two Medicine Formation was deposited between 83.5 and 70.6 million years ago, during the Campanian stage of the Late Cretaceous period, in what is now northwestern Montana. If Oohkotokia is the same as Scolosaurus it would mean that Scolosaurus existed for around 3 million years. The Two Medicine Formation correlates to the Belly River Group in southwest Alberta, and the Pakowki Formation eastward. The Two Medicine Formation was deposited by rivers and deltas between the western shoreline of the Western Interior Seaway and the eastward advancing margin of the Cordilleran Overthrust Belt. Since the mid-Cretaceous, North America had been divided in half by this seaway, with much of Montana and Alberta below the surface of the water. However, the uplift of the Rocky Mountains forced the seaway to retreat eastwards and southwards. Rivers flowed down from the mountains and drained into the seaway, carrying sediment that formed the Two Medicine Formation and the Judith River Group. About 73 million years ago, the seaway began to advance westwards and northwards again, and the entire region was covered by the Bearpaw Sea, now preserved throughout the Western US and Canada by the massive Bearpaw Shale, which overlies the Two Medicine. Below this formation are the nearshore deposits of the Virgelle Sandstone. Lithologies, invertebrate faunas, and plant and pollen data support that the Two Medicine Formation was deposited in a seasonal, semi-arid climate with possible rainshadows from the Cordilleran highlands. This region experienced a long dry season and warm temperatures. The extensive red beds and caliche horizons of the upper Two Medicine are evidence of at least seasonally arid conditions.
Paleofauna
Scolosaurus shared its paleoenvironment with other dinosaurs, such as the duck-billed hadrosaurs Hypacrosaurus, Acristavus, Gryposaurus, Brachylophosaurus, Glishades, Prosaurolophus and Maiasaura, and the ankylosaur Edmontonia. Volcanic eruptions from the west periodically blanketed the region with ash, resulting in large-scale mortality, while simultaneously enriching the soil for future plant growth. Fluctuating sea levels also resulted in a variety of other environments at different times and places within the Judith River Group, including offshore and nearshore marine habitats, coastal wetlands, deltas and lagoons, in addition to the inland floodplains. The Two Medicine Formation was deposited at higher elevations farther inland than the other two formations. A large variety of ceratopsians coexisted in this region, which included Achelousaurus, Brachyceratops, Cerasinops, Einiosaurus, Prenoceratops and Rubeosaurus. Carnivores included an unnamed troodontid, possibly Stenonychosaurus, the dromaeosaurs Bambiraptor and Saurornitholestes, and the large tyrannosaurids Daspletosaurus and Gorgosaurus.
The excellent vertebrate fossil record of Two Medicine and Judith River rocks resulted from a combination of abundant animal life, periodic natural disasters, and the deposition of large amounts of sediment. Many types of freshwater and estuarine fish are represented, including sharks, rays, sturgeons, gars and others. This region preserves the remains of many aquatic amphibians and reptiles, including bivalves, gastropods, frogs, salamanders, turtles, Champsosaurus and crocodilians. Terrestrial lizards, including whiptails, skinks, monitors and alligator lizards have also been discovered. Pterosaurs like Montanazhdarcho and Piksi as well as birds like Apatornis and Avisaurus flew overhead. Several varieties of mammals, such as the multituberculate Cimexomys coexisted with dinosaurs in the Two Medicine Formation and the various other formations that make up the Judith River wedge. Fossilized eggs belonging to a dromaeosaur have been recovered here. When water was plentiful, the region could support a great deal of plant and animal life, but periodic droughts often resulted in mass mortality.
See also
Timeline of ankylosaur research
2018 in paleontology
References
Ankylosaurids
Late Cretaceous dinosaurs of North America
Fossil taxa described in 1928
Taxa named by Franz Nopcsa von Felső-Szilvás
Dinosaur Park fauna
Oldman fauna
Paleontology in Alberta
Fossils of Canada
Cretaceous Canada
Paleontology in Montana
Campanian genus first appearances
Campanian genus extinctions
Ornithischian genera | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scolosaurus |
Dipsacus fullonum, syn. Dipsacus sylvestris, is a species of flowering plant known by the common names wild teasel or fuller's teasel, although the latter name is usually applied to the cultivated variety D. fullonum var. sativus. It is native to Eurasia and North Africa, but it is known in the Americas, southern Africa, Australia and New Zealand as an introduced species.
It is a herbaceous biennial plant (rarely a short-lived perennial plant) growing to tall. The inflorescence is a cylindrical array of lavender flowers which dries to a cone of spine-tipped hard bracts. It may be 10 centimeters long.
Description
The genus name is derived from the word for thirst and refers to the cup-like formation made where sessile leaves merge at the stem. Rain water can collect in this receptacle; this may perform the function of preventing sap-sucking insects such as aphids from climbing the stem. The leaf shape is lanceolate, long and broad, with a row of small spines on the underside of the midrib.
Teasels are easily identified with their prickly stem and leaves, and the inflorescence of purple, dark pink or lavender flowers that form a head on the end of the stem(s). The inflorescence is ovoid, long and broad, with a basal whorl of spiny bracts. The first flowers begin opening in a belt around the middle of the spherical or oval flowerhead, and then open sequentially toward the top and bottom, forming two narrow belts as the flowering progresses. The dried head persists afterwards, with the small () seeds maturing in mid-autumn.
Carnivory in teasels was discussed by Francis Darwin (son of Charles Darwin) in a paper held by the Royal Society. Contemporary attempts to replicate Darwin's experiments on the common teasel continue to fuel debate over whether or not Dipsacus is truly carnivorous. A 2011 study revealed increased seed production (but not height) dependent on both amount and nature of introduced animal supplementation, while 2019 experiments suggested that the increased seed set was a response to poor soil conditions rather than proof of proto-carnivory.
Ecology
The seeds are an important winter food resource for some birds, notably the European goldfinch. Teasels are often grown in gardens and encouraged on some nature reserves to attract them.
Cultivation and uses
The fuller's teasel (the cultivar group Dipsacus fullonum Sativus Group; syn. D. sativus) was formerly widely used in textile processing, providing a natural comb for cleaning, aligning and raising the nap on fabrics, particularly wool. It differs from the wild type in having stouter, somewhat recurved spines on the seed heads. The dried flower heads were attached to spindles, wheels, or cylinders, sometimes called teasel frames, to raise the nap on fabrics (that is, to tease the fibres). By the 20th century, teasels were largely replaced by metal cards, which could be made uniform and do not require constant replacement as the teasel heads wear. However, some people who weave wool still prefer to use teasels for raising the nap, claiming that the result is better; in particular, if a teasel meets serious resistance in the fabric, it will break, whereas a metal tool would rip the cloth.
Teasels are also occasionally grown as ornamental plants, and the dried heads are used in floristry.
Teasels have been naturalised in many regions away from their native range, partly due to the import of fuller's teasel for textile processing, and partly by the seed being a contaminant mixed with crop seeds. It can sometimes become a noxious weed outside its native range. It forms large monocultures (displacing other species) in areas it invades that have favourable climates and none of the species which feed upon it in its native range.
Two moths potentially useful for biological control were tested in Slovakia in 2003-2004 (following the identification of seven insects associated with the plant), including the monophagous Endothenia gentianaeana. E. gentianaeana was able to be reared in high numbers and its presence was found in nearly 100% of teasel plants surveyed in Slovakia, by the second moth, Cochylis roseana was not targeted by local parasitic wasps as frequently as was Endothenia gentianaeana and caused a high level of damage. The USDA has not approved either of these moths for introduction as of 2018.
Gallery
References
External links
Species Profile- Common Teasel (Dipsacus fullonum L.), National Invasive Species Information Center, United States National Agricultural Library. Lists general information and resources for common teasel.
Jepson Manual Treatment
Virginia Tech Weed Guide
Photo gallery
Caprifoliaceae
Plants described in 1753
Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dipsacus%20fullonum |
Secernosaurus (meaning "severed lizard") is a genus of herbivorous dinosaur. Secernosaurus was a hadrosaur, a "duck-billed" dinosaur which lived during the Late Cretaceous.
Secernosaurus and its close relatives lived in South America, unlike most hadrosaurs, which lived in the Laurasian continents of Eurasia and North America. It has been suggested that the ancestors of Secernosaurus crossed into South America when a land bridge temporarily formed between North and South America during the Late Cretaceous and allowed biotic interchange between the two continents.
History of research
The holotype of Secernosaurus koeneri was collected in 1923 as part of an expedition by the Field Museum led by J. B. Abbott. However, the specimen was not studied until the 1970s. In 1979, Brett-Surman named Secernosaurus. Though hadrosaurid specimens from South America had been described before, Secernosaurus koeneri was the first species of South American hadrosaurid to be formally named. The genus name Secernosaurus means "separated reptile" and comes from the Latin verb sēcernō, meaning to sever or divide, in reference to its geographic location separated from Laurasian hadrosaurs. The species name S. koerneri honors Harold E. Koerner. The holotype of Secernosaurus koerneri is FMNH P13423, a partial skeleton from the Lago Colhué Huapi Formation of Chubut province, Argentina.
In 2010, Albert Prieto-Marquez and Guillermo Salinas argued that Kritosaurus australis was synonymous with Secernosaurus koeneri. However, in 2015, Rodolfo Coria noted differences between the two, and suggested their taxonomy needed reevaluation. In 2022, the two species were recognized as separate and the genus Huallasaurus was established for Kritosaurus australis.
Description
Secernosaurus may have been small for a hadrosaurid. The type specimen pertains to an individual approximately 5 m long, but the maturity of the specimen is uncertain.
Classification
Phylogenetic analyses have found Secernosaurus to be a member of the hadrosaurid tribe Kritosaurini within the subfamily Saurolophinae. North American animals such as Kritosaurus and Gryposaurus are also part of this clade. Rozadilla et al. (2022) recovered all South American saurolophines to group together within a single clade consisting of Secernosaurus, Huallasaurus, Kelumapusaura, and Bonapartesaurus. In the 2023 description of the South American hadrosauroid Gonkoken, Alarcón-Muñoz et al. named the Austrokritosauria, a clade closely related to kritosaurins, consisting of all the South American saurolophines. The results of their phylogenetic analyses of Saurolophinae are displayed in the cladogram below:
Palaeoecology
Palaeoenvironment
The geologic layers of the Lago Colhué Huapi Formation, where Scernosaurus hails from, have proved difficult to interpret historically, their assignment shifting around between several different geologic formations before finally being settled as its own unit of the Chubut Group, dating to the Maastrichtian. Additionally, Secernosaurus specifically had a very uncertain geologic provenance. As a result, the ecosystem Secernosaurus would have lived in was not well understood historically. A 2016 paper by Casal A. Gabriel and colleagues studied the climatic conditions of the region more in depth, finding evidence of climate change across geologic time. Fluvial systems and evidence of a floodplain environment were recognized, but the geologically lower parts of the formation also showed evidence of semi-arid conditions, large gypsum deposits, and desiccation cracks, indicating intense aridization of the region compared to the very humid climate of the Bajo Barreal Formation's ecosystem that preceded Lago Colhué Huapi Formation. However, palynological data indicates that during the upper deposits of the formation at the very end of the Cretaceous and into the Danian age of the Paleocene, the climate become more mild once again and returned to a balanced wet and dry season. It is from this uppermost part of the formation that Secernosaurus is from. More recent discoveries of hadrosaur remains from other localities, which could belong to Secernosaurus might extend the range within the formation hadrosaurs are found in. Currently, however, they have not been researched in depth.
Secernosaurus is not the only dinosaur known from Lago Colhué Huapi. Remains of the sauropods Elaltitan lilloi, Argyrosaurus superbus and Aeolosaurus colhuehuapensis, as well as unidentified sauropod remains found in 2010, have been discovered in the formation. Very fragmentary remains of dromaeosaurid and megaraptoran theropods have also been discovered, as is expected from other formations from a similar time and place. The enigmatic ornithischian dinosaur Notoceratops, based on a lost fragmentary specimen originally considered to belong to a ceratopsian but now debated between that identity and that of a hadrosaur. Finally, scant fossils of chelonians, crocodyliformes, and dipnoid fish have also been found.
Palaeobiogeography
Secernosaurus lived in what is now Patagonia during the Maastrichtian age of the Cretaceous period. It was one of the few hadrosaurs to live in South America. Their presence in South America is likely to represent a dispersal event from North America during the Campanian, when the proto-Antilles may have formed an island chain that allowed land vertebrates to cross between the two continents. The arrival of hadrosaurids in South America may have caused the decline of the native ornithopods, the elasmarians.
See also
Timeline of hadrosaur research
Alamosaurus– a titanosaur whose ancestors may have crossed into North America at the same time the ancestors of Secernosaurus crossed into South America
Huallasaurus
Kritosaurus
References
Saurolophines
Maastrichtian life
Late Cretaceous dinosaurs of South America
Cretaceous Argentina
Fossils of Argentina
Los Alamitos Formation
Golfo San Jorge Basin
Fossil taxa described in 1979
Ornithischian genera | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secernosaurus |
Madhouse is a 2004 American slasher film, directed and co-written by William Butler and starring Joshua Leonard, Jordan Ladd, Natasha Lyonne, Lance Henriksen, and Mark Holton. Its plot follows an intern who uncovers a series of murders at a rural psychiatric hospital.
It was released directly to DVD on December 20, 2004 in the United Kingdom and on February 22, 2005 in the United States.
Plot
In 1994, a young boy attempts to escape from Cunningham Hall Mental Facility before getting hit by a car. Years later, psychiatric intern Clark Stevens arrives to Cunningham Hall to train before he can graduate to medical school. Inside, he meets some of the patients and is welcomed by Nurse Betty, who gives him keys and a walkie-talkie before taking him to the director of the facility, Dr. Albert Franks. On the way, however, they are interrupted by a patient named Carl, who claims that he "shouldn't be here," and that reformed patients are held as prisoners.
In Dr. Franks' office, Clark finds a book titled Psychology and the Paranormal, which implies connections between mental stability and the paranormal. Franks arrives and converses with Clark about the facility before introducing him to Dr. Morton and Dr. Douglas. Sara, a nurse, takes Clark on a tour of the facility. As they leave, mental patient Alice sits watching a window, where she sees a sinister-looking boy. Sara talks privately with head nurse Annabelle Hendricks before finishing the tour with the basement cells, where the most dangerous patients are kept- a place nicknamed "Madhouse." One of the patients attacks Clark with a shard of glass but is beaten down by Drake, a security guard. That night, Clark witnesses a young boy on the grounds of the hospital. Later, he observes Alice being physically abused by Nurse Hendricks. Clark sees the boy again and pursues him to the Madhouse but only finds Dr. Morton, who recalls a patient from Cell #44 who escaped but apparently died. Before Clark can continue, Hendricks arrives and gives him the task of cleaning a mess in the rec room.
Sometime later, Clark retells the Cell #44 story to Franks, who curtly dismisses him. When Clark leaves the office, he overhears Franks arguing with Nurse Hendricks about how "[she] knows." Soon after, Sara is requested at the nurses' station for night duty. In the nurses' station, Sara and Hendricks hear a mysterious sound. Hendricks, equipped with her stun-gun, investigates the source and is attacked by a cloaked figure who electrocutes her to death with a defibrillator.
The following day, Hendricks's body is discovered, and Franks assigns staff to interview patients about the murder. Clark is sent to the Madhouse to Cell #44, where the patient- who identifies himself as Ben London- implies the killer could be Franks. Sometime later, Clark asks Grace, the nurse in charge of medicine, about Ben's prescriptions. Grace replies that everyone in the Madhouse are on the same drugs, and Clark takes a bottle for examination. Sometime later, Clark attempts to confront Sara with some questions about the facility but is unable due to a nurse discovering Carl has hung himself.
In a meeting led by Clark and Sara, Alice discusses her visions of the young boy. Afterwards, Clark witnesses Drake having sex with a patient in an open room. Waking up the next morning, Clark gets a phone call from Sara that Drake is the murderer and has been arrested by the police. Taking Ben's advice, Clark discovers that Franks has been using placebos on patients and embezzling the hospital's funding. Meanwhile, the same figure that killed Hendricks kills Dr. Morton with an axe. The next night, Clark confronts Ben again and is only told "The truth is right in front of you." Clark confides in Sara, who gives him drugged coffee that causes him to fall asleep. While dreaming, Clark is haunted by Ben's voice and visions of the little boy, before having a revelation that Sara is the killer.
Clark awakens and fights the effects of the drugs long enough to get back to the Madhouse to speak to Ben, only to realize that Ben is not actually there, and that he and the small boy have been figments of Clark's imagination. It is revealed that Clark— who is in fact Ben London— was a patient in the hospital as a child, and was presumed dead when Franks hit him with his car during an escape attempt; Ben impersonated Clark, a deceased medical student, in order to infiltrate the hospital. Ben goes to Franks' office and finds him destroying evidence of his embezzlement. Ben reveals his identity to Franks before butchering him with an axe. Sara witnesses the murder and flees to the Madhouse. Once inside, she pleads with Ben for her life, but he corners her and murders her, too.
Sometime later, Ben— again formally dressed— enters another unnamed psychiatric hospital.
Cast
Production
Madhouse was filmed on location in Romania in the summer of 2003, and was completed in July of that year.
Release
Madhouse was released directly-to-video and DVD in the United Kingdom on December 20, 2004, and on February 22, 2005 in the United States by Lionsgate Films.
Box office
The film was released theatrically in some international markets, such as the United Arab Emirates, and grossed $1,446,859 internationally.
Critical response
On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, Madhouse holds an approval rating of 33% based on three reviews.
Jon Condit of Dread Central wrote of the film: "None of it very inspired, all of it feeling like pieces cut from some other film and Scotch Taped together to make this one. When Madhouse eventually runs out of tape and cinematic scraps to work from the writer (in this case, the director too) panics and resorts to a weak twist ending, a desperate last gasp that only backfires on the film and every story point to come before it."
References
External links
2004 films
2004 horror films
American slasher films
Direct-to-video horror films
Films produced by Gary Lucchesi
Films set in psychiatric hospitals
Films shot in Romania
Supernatural slasher films
2000s English-language films
Films directed by William Butler (actor)
2000s American films
2000s slasher films | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madhouse%20%282004%20film%29 |
Crixás is a municipality in northwestern Goiás state, Brazil. The population was 17,044 (2020) in a total area of 4,661.5 km². Crixás was a major gold producing area but is now gradually losing population.
Crixás is 334 kilometers from the state capital, Goiânia, and is in the São Miguel do Araguaia Microregion. Connections from Goiânia are made by GO-080 / Nerópolis / São Francisco de Goiás / BR-153 / Jaraguá / Rialma / GO-336 / Itapaci / GO-154 / Pilar de Goiás / Santa Terezinha de Goiás / GO-347.
The population growth rate from 1996/2007 was -0.87.%. In 2007 the urban population was 11,516 and the rural population was 3,031.
The history of Crixás begins in the eighteenth century with the discovery of gold. The first explorer in these lands was Manoel Rodrigues Tomar, who arrived in 1726. At the time the region was inhabited by the Crixás Indians. The name of the city comes from these Indians. In 1740 the settlement became Arraial de Crixás. In 1935 it became Vila de Crixás, and in 1953 it became a city.
The economy is based on mineral mining and milk production. The municipality has a gold mine, the Serra Grande Gold Mine, partly owned and operated by AngloGold Ashanti, the third-largest gold mining company in the world, and the Kinross Gold Corporation. There is also production of manganese and talcum. In 2007 there were 9 industrial units and 104 retail units. There were three banks and one dairy.
Farms: 1,055
Total agricultural Area: 229,416 hectares
Permanent Planted Area: 8,401 hectares
Temporary Planted Area: 3,811 hectares
Natural Pasture: 141,660 hectares
Woodland and Forest: 72,267 hectares
Workers related to the farm owner: 2,519
Workers not related to the farm owner: 240 (IBGE)
Cattle herd: 690,665 head (2006)--the largest in the state and one of the largest in the country
Main crops: rice (350 hectares), banana (75 hectares), corn (500 hectares), and soybeans (500 hectares). (All data from IBGE 2006)
In education the area had 12 schools and 3,546 students. There is also a campus of the Universidade Estadual de Goiás, or UEG, with courses in Pedagogy, Letters, Geography, History, and Mathematics. There was one small hospital, with 32 beds, and 07 public health clinics.
Literacy rate in 2000: 82.0%
Infant mortality rate in 2000: 31.85 in 1,000 live births
The ranking on the 2000 Municipal Human Development Index was 0.717. On the Seplan Economic Development Index (2001) the ranking was 21 out of 246 municipalities (2001). See Seplan. On the Seplan Social Development Index (2000) the ranking was 133 out of 246 municipalities (2000) See Seplan
See also
List of municipalities in Goiás
References
Frigoletto
Municipalities in Goiás | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crix%C3%A1s%2C%20Brazil |
Beusichem is a village in the Dutch province of Gelderland. It is a part of the municipality of Buren, and lies about northwest of Tiel.
History
It was first mentioned between 918 and 948 Buosinhem, and means "settlement of the people of Boso (person)". Beusichem started as a settlement near the Lek River and developed into a stretched out esdorp. The tower of the Dutch Reformed Church contains 12th-century elements. The church was restored in 1995–1996. In 1840, it was home to 1,004 people.
Beusichem is historically known for a famous horse market held every summer. It is said that even Napoleon bought his horses on the Beusichem horse market. Horse keepers from Russia, France, Germany and Switzerland came to Beusichem to trade horses. The horsemarket is mentioned in old documents for the first time in 1461.
Until 1977, Beusichem was a separate municipality.
Gallery
References
Former municipalities of Gelderland
Populated places in Gelderland
Buren | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beusichem |
Bruce M. Beehler (born October 11, 1951, in Baltimore) is an ornithologist and research associate of the Bird Division of the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of Natural History. Prior to this appointment, Beehler worked for Conservation International, the Wildlife Conservation Society, Counterpart International, and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation.
Life
Bruce Beehler graduated from Williams College and received his master's degree and PhD studying the behavioral ecology of the birds-of-paradise at Princeton University.
He has been an authority on New Guinea birds for several decades, having authored or co-authored several major works on the biodiversity this, the largest tropical island, including The Birds of Paradise (1998), The Birds of New Guinea (1986, 2015) and the two-volume Ecology of Papua (2007).
To the general public, Beehler is best known for having co-led a widely published rapid assessment survey on biological diversity in 2005 to the Foja Mountains, Papua, where he, together with an international team of 11 scientists, the majority from the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), made a number of scientific discoveries.
The findings on this survey expanded on previous research conducted in the region by Dr. Jared Diamond in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Beehler and colleagues, however, returned with the first ever photographs of two species of birds, the bronze parotia (Parotia berlepschi) and the golden-fronted bowerbird (Amblyornis flavifrons), that previously were known only from a few specimens. Additionally, a previously unknown species of honeyeater was discovered, it being scientifically described in 2007 as the wattled smoky honeyeater (Melipotes carolae). The specific epithet, carolae, commemorates Carol Beehler, the wife of Bruce Beehler. Together with a team from 60 Minutes, Beehler returned to the Foja Mountains in 2007, resulting in the first ever filming of several of the species discovered in 2005, as well as encounters with an undescribed giant rat (Mallomys sp.) and a tiny pygmy possum (Cercartetus sp.).
Works
Thane K Pratt; Bruce McP Beehler "Birds of New Guinea, second edition, Princeton, NJ : Princeton University Press, 2015.
Birdlife of the Adirondack Park, Glens Falls, NY : Adirondack Mountain Club, 1978.
Upland birds of northeastern New Guinea, Wau, Papua New Guinea : Wau Ecology Institute, 1978.
A naturalist in New Guinea, Austin, Texas : University of Texas Press, 1991.
New Guinea : nature and culture of the world's grandest island, Princeton, NJ : Princeton University Press, 2020.
North on the wing : travels with the songbird migration of spring, Washington, DC : Smithsonian Books, 2018.
Lost worlds : adventures in the tropical rainforest, New Haven, Conn. ; London : Yale University Press, 2009. ,
Bruce McP Beehler; Thane K Pratt; Mary Lecroy Birds of New Guinea: Distribution, Taxonomy, and Systematics. Princeton, New Jersey : Princeton University Press, 2016. ,
Bruce McP Beehler; John Anderton, Natural encounters : biking, hiking, and birding through the seasons, New Haven : Yale University Press, 2019. ,
References
External links
Birder's Paradise (Article about Dr. Beehler)
Bruce Beehler, Ph.D. - Conservation International.
BBC Story Coverage of the Foja Mountains New Guinea Expedition
1951 births
Living people
American ornithologists
Williams College alumni | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce%20Beehler |
Cave of the Word Wizard is a 1982 educational children's game released for the Commodore 64 by Timeworks, Inc. It is designed to teach spelling.
Gameplay
The game is set in a wizard's cave where the player must spell words to overcome obstacles. The player spells words by typing on the keyboard and they are simultaneously displayed on the screen. The spoken commands and words are delivered in American English, through the computer audio output. Ten lists of words are provided for spelling, in graduated difficulty. You can also make custom lists. A list is selected at the start of each game.
It features a multilevel cave which the player's joystick guided character (selection of boy or girl) explores with the objective of finding a number of crystals in order to exit the dungeon. The character uses a flashlight to illuminate his/her way around the dungeon to find the crystals, which are attached to the dungeon wall in random locations.
The cave features a number of obstacles: crevasses to fall or jump down a level, rocks to trip over, puddles to slip and fall in, and scorpions and snakes to sting you. Your character can jump over these using a joystick button. If you fall or get stung, you have to use one of the 5 bandaids you started with. There are ladders to go up and down levels safely.
At intervals, the "Word Wizard" appears and commands you to spell a word. If you type the word correctly, you get rewarded with a new bandaid, and a congratulatory "well done!" or similar encouragement. If you wait too long or spell it wrongly, you get admonished, "You need work on that one!" or "It's getting darker!" (and your flashlight loses energy).
References
1982 video games
Commodore 64 games
Commodore 64-only games
Children's educational video games
Wizards in fiction
Video games about magic
Video games developed in the United States
Word puzzle video games | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cave%20of%20the%20Word%20Wizard |
Shamosaurus is an extinct genus of herbivorous basal ankylosaurid ankylosaur from Early Cretaceous (Aptian to Albian stage) deposits of Höövör, Mongolia.
Discovery and naming
In 1977, a Soviet-Mongolian expedition discovered the skeleton of an unknown ankylosaurian at the Hamrin-Us site in Dornogovi Province. This was the first discovery of an ankylosaur in the Lower Cretaceous of Mongolia.
In 1983, Tatyana Tumanova named and described the type species Shamosaurus scutatus. The generic name is derived from Mandarin sha mo, "sand desert", the Chinese name for the Gobi. The specific name means "protected by a shield" in Latin, a reference to the body armour.
Shamosaurus is known from the holotype PIN N 3779/2, collected from the Dzunbain Formation, equivalent to the Khukhtekskaya Formation and dating from the Aptian-Albian, about 115 million years old. It consists of a complete skull, lower jaws and partial postcranial skeleton with armor. Only the skull was described in 1983. Later the specimens PIN 3779/1, a skull piece, and PIN 3101, a lower jaw, were referred. The fossils are part of the collection of the Palaeontological Institute at Moscow. The holotype skull is exhibited there, together with two cervical halfrings.
Description
Shamosaurus was a medium-sized ankylosaurian. In 2010, Gregory S. Paul estimated its body length at 5 metres (16 ft), its weight at 2 tonnes (2.2 short tons). In 2012 Holtz gave a higher estimation of 7 meters (23 ft).
In 2014, Victoria Megan Arbour gave a revised list of distinguishing traits. The osteoderms on the skull roof are not very pronounced nor separated as distinctive caputegulae, head tiles. The squamosal horns on the rear skull corners are short and slightly rounded. The quadratojugal horn on the cheek has its apex in the middle. The rear rim of the skull roof has no clear (nuchal) processes.
Shamosaurus scutatus shares many cranial similarities with Gobisaurus domoculus, including a rounded squamosal, large elliptical orbital fenestrae (oval eye sockets) and oval external nares (nostrils), a deltoid dorsal profile with a narrow rostrum (the snout is tongue-shaped and narrow in top view), quadratojugal protuberances (cheek horns), and caudolaterally directed paroccipital processes (extensions of the rear skull obliquely pointing to behind and sideways). But the two taxa may be distinguished by differences in the length of the maxillary tooth row (40% instead of 26,7% of total skull length), an unfused basipterygoid-pterygoid process in Gobisaurus, the presence of an elongate vomerine premaxillary process in Gobisaurus, and the presence of cranial sculpting in Shamosaurus, but not in Gobisaurus. The last difference was denied by Arbour who concluded that the degree of sculpting was roughly the same.
Shamosaurus had a rather flat skull. The upper beak was sharp and obliquely appending to the front. The beak lacked any teeth. The jaw joint was located far behind the level of the eye socket. The occipital condyle, and with it the entire head, was obliquely directed to below. A secondary palate was present.
The armour of Shamosaurus contained two cervical halfrings with six segments each, protecting the neck. Also keeled osteoderms and flat oval scutes were present.
Phylogeny
Tumanova placed Shamosaurus in the Ankylosauridae. She also named a Shamosaurinae, a group of basal ankylosaurids. In 2014, Arbour recovered an evolutionary tree in which Shamosaurus was the sister species of Gobisaurus.
See also
Timeline of ankylosaur research
Notes
References
Matthew K. Vickaryous, Anthony P. Russell, Philip J. Currie, and Xi-Jin Zhao. 2001. A new ankylosaurid (Dinosauria: Ankylosauria) from the Lower Cretaceous of China, with comments on ankylosaurian relationships. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences/Rev. can. sci. Terre 38(12):1767-1780.
External links
Shamosaurus in the Dino Directory
Ankylosaurids
Early Cretaceous dinosaurs of Asia
Fossils of Mongolia
Fossil taxa described in 1983
Ornithischian genera | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shamosaurus |
Dale V. Sandstrom (born March 9, 1950) is a North Dakota Republican Party politician who served as a North Dakota Public Service Commissioner from 1983 to 1992, and as a justice of the North Dakota Supreme Court from 1992 to 2016.
Biography
Dale V. Sandstrom was born in Grand Forks, North Dakota, and raised in Fargo, North Dakota. He graduated with a B.A. degree from North Dakota State University and a juris doctor degree from the University of North Dakota School of Law. He was elected to the Supreme Court in 1992 to serve the remaining unexpired term of Justice H.F. Gierke III and was reelected in 1996 and 2006 to ten-year terms. He served until his retirement on December 31, 2016.
Sandstrom was the major force behind the website maintained by the North Dakota Supreme Court, which has won several awards in legal circles. Sandstrom is active in Scouting as an adult, an Eagle Scout and recipient of the Distinguished Eagle Scout Award. Sandstrom served as Lodge Advisor for Pa-Hin Lodge while his son was the Lodge Chief. His mother-in-law is Grand Forks Herald columnist Marilyn Hagerty.
As a youth, Sandstrom was also active in the Order of DeMolay, which he later served as International Grand Master in 2007.
Career
1981 - State Securities Commissioner
1983 - appointed to the North Dakota Public Service Commission
1984, 1990 - elected to six-year terms on the Commission
1992 - elected Justice of the Supreme Court
1996 - reelected to serve a ten-year term
2006 - reelected to serve another ten-year term
External links
Dale V. Sandstrom biography
North Dakota Supreme Court website
Fargo High School Hall of Fame
|-
1950 births
Living people
Justices of the North Dakota Supreme Court
Politicians from Grand Forks, North Dakota
University of North Dakota alumni
North Dakota Public Service Commissioners | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dale%20V.%20Sandstrom |
Thomas Clarke (born 21 December 1987) is an English former professional footballer who played as a defender or midfielder. He played for Huddersfield Town, Preston North End and Salford City. Clarke is a former England youth international, having represented England at both under-18 and under-19 level.
Club career
Huddersfield Town
Breakthrough to first team
Born in Halifax, West Yorkshire, Clarke is a product of the Huddersfield academy. Clarke's older brother, Nathan Clarke, is also a professional footballer previously with Huddersfield. Tom signed his first professional contract in January 2005. His debut came against the MK Dons. Clarke scored his first goal for The Terriers in a 2–0 win over Blackpool at the Galpharm Stadium in January 2006.
Clarke made his first start of the 2006–07 season coming on as a 61st-minute substitute replacing Danny Adams, in a 2–0 loss away at Crewe Alexandra on 2 September. He made his first start of the season on 9 September in a 2–0 loss away at Cheltenham Town. He ruptured a ligament in his left knee during Huddersfield Town's League One home match against Carlisle United, on 14 October 2006 forcing him to sit out most of the 2006–07 season.
Clarke joined Conference Premier club Halifax Town on loan on 21 February 2008, in a bid to regain match practice. He made his debut for the Shaymen in their 0–0 draw at The Shay against Stafford Rangers on 23 February. His first goal for the club came in their 3–1 win over Histon at Bridge Road on 8 March.
He returned to Huddersfield on 23 March and made his first appearance since returning in Huddersfield's 1–0 win over Tranmere Rovers on 19 April.
2008–09 season
He signed on a month-long loan with League Two club Bradford City in October 2008. He made his debut the following day against Grimsby Town, when he came on as a first-half substitute for Omar Daley, following defender Matthew Clarke's sending off. City were leading 1–0 at the time and won the game 3–1. He made his full debut in a 1–0 victory over Bury on 29 October. With a number of injuries, Bradford extended his loan spell for a second month, with Huddersfield caretaker manager Gerry Murphy able to recall him at 24 hours' notice. Murphy recalled Clarke on 3 December following a training ground injury to left-back Joe Skarz. Clarke's last game for City was their FA Cup exit to Leyton Orient four days previously; he also played six league games for City. Following the injury sustained by regular right-back Andy Holdsworth, Clarke found himself back in the first-team frame under Lee Clark and scored his first away goal for Huddersfield in a 2–1 win at Glanford Park against Scunthorpe United on 10 April 2009.
2009–10 season
After fighting his way back from injury, Tom picked up where he left off in the 2009–10 season enjoying his best run in the team in central midfield under Lee Clark during the 2009–10 campaign. Bad luck struck again when he suffered a repeat injury to his knee against Millwall in the first leg of the end of season Play-Offs, as Huddersfield went on to lose the second leg away at Millwall and as a result missing out on the chance of promotion.
2011–12 season & promotion
On 9 September 2011, Clarke signed for fellow League One club Leyton Orient on a 93-day emergency loan. He made 12 appearances, before his loan expired on 12 December.
Clarke returned from his loan spell at Leyton Orient in December 2011, his first game of the season for Huddersfield came in the club's 1–0 boxing day win over Chesterfield on 26 December 2011 when he came on for left back Gary Naysmith. His first start of the season came in the club's 2–2 draw away at Notts County on 2 January 2012. Clarke became the club's starting left back during the third quarter of the season due to injured Gary Naysmith March and April 2012 until he was himself pushed out of the team by Calum Woods. Clarke was though used during the latter stages of the season in his more familiar role in the midfield mostly being used as a substitute. He played in both legs of Huddersfield's play-off semi final against MK Dons coming on as a 51st-minute substitute for left back Callum Woods in the first leg way at Stadium MK which Huddersfield won 2–0, and was an 88th-minute sub for winger Kallum Higginbotham in the second leg at home as Huddersfield progressed to the final. Clark made 16 appearances for Huddersfield during the 2011–12 season, as Huddersfield finished the season as Play-off champions winning promotion to the Championship after beating Sheffield United on penalties in the Wembley final.
2012–13 season
Clarke signed a new one-year contract, committing himself to the Huddersfield Town until the summer of 2013 on 28 June 2012 making him the longest serving current player at the club.
On 6 May 2013, it was confirmed that Clarke was to be released from the club when his existing contract ended in the summer, bringing an end to his eight-year stay with his home town club.
Preston North End
It was announced on 22 May 2013 that Clarke had signed for Preston North End on a two-year contract.
On 5 August 2013 in only his second appearance for Preston, Clarke scored a magnificent late winner in the 87th minute to defeat Blackpool in a derby game at Deepdale.
Salford City
Clarke signed for League Two club Salford City on 14 July 2020 on a two-year deal. On 15 May 2021, Salford announced he would be released despite having a year left on his contract.
Fleetwood Town
On 14 June 2021, Clarke joined Fleetwood Town on a one-year deal. A one-year contract extension was triggered at the end of the 2021–22 season.
FC Halifax Town
On 30th July 2022, it was announced that Clarke had signed for his hometown club, FC Halifax Town.
On 4 September 2023, Clarke announced his retirement from football following a persistent knee injury.
International career
An England international, Clarke has represented England at international youth level, being capped at both under 18s and under 19s level. He earned two caps for the under 19s scoring once between 2006 and 2005.
Personal life
Clarke's older brother, Nathan Clarke, was also a professional footballer.
Career statistics
Honours
Huddersfield Town
Football League One play-offs: 2012
Preston North End
Football League One play-offs: 2015
Salford City
EFL Trophy: 2019–20
FC Halifax Town
FA Trophy: 2022–23
Individual
PFA Team of the Year: 2014–15 League One
Preston North End Players' Player of the Year: 2016–17
Notes
References
External links
Profile at the Preston North End F.C. website
1987 births
Living people
Footballers from Halifax, West Yorkshire
English men's footballers
England men's youth international footballers
Men's association football defenders
Men's association football midfielders
Huddersfield Town A.F.C. players
Halifax Town A.F.C. players
Bradford City A.F.C. players
Leyton Orient F.C. players
Preston North End F.C. players
Salford City F.C. players
Fleetwood Town F.C. players
FC Halifax Town players
English Football League players
National League (English football) players | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom%20Clarke%20%28footballer%2C%20born%201987%29 |
Bobby Marcel Wilson (born February 27, 1980), better known by his stage name Bobby V (formerly known as Bobby Valentino), is an American R&B singer. He was first a member of the R&B group Mista in 1994, before signing to rapper Ludacris through his label imprint, Disturbing tha Peace under Def Jam Recordings in 2005. Bobby V's first single as a solo artist, "Slow Down", released in February 2005, peaked at number 8 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. The single was certified gold by the RIAA and became the lead single for his eponymous debut album (2005)—which peaked at number 3 on the Billboard 200 and had a follow-up single, "Tell Me" (featuring Lil Wayne).
His next album, Special Occasion was released in May 2007, and found success from its second single, "Anonymous" (featuring Timbaland). His next album, The Rebirth (2009) was his first to not be released by Def Jam/Disturbing the Peace. His first three albums debuted at number 1 on the Billboards Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums.
Life and career
1980–2004: Early life and career beginnings
Bobby Marcel Wilson was born on February 27, 1980, in Mississippi. He later moved to Atlanta, Georgia. Growing up, Wilson listened to Michael Jackson, Tony! Toni! Toné!, Marvin Gaye, Jodeci, and The Isley Brothers. Those were the artists that inspired him to become a R&B singer. Wilson entered the music scene in 1996 as a member of the R&B youth quartet Mista, at this time using his real name, Bobby Wilson. The new teenage R&B group released their first record. Under the production of Organized Noize (TLC's "Waterfalls"), the group released their self-titled debut album, which produced the hit single "Blackberry Molasses". However, the album did not follow in the same success and despite a second album being produced by Tim & Bob, it was never released. Due to management issues the group split in 1997. Wilson later enrolled at Clark Atlanta University majoring in mass communications. While in school, Wilson continued to record in his free time in hopes of one day returning to the stage.
2005–2007: Debut album and Special Occasion
Bobby Valentino was released in the spring of 2005 through Island Def Jam and Ludacris' Disturbing tha Peace label and was certified gold by the RIAA selling over 708,000 copies in the United States. Primarily produced by hitmakers Tim & Bob, his first single, "Slow Down", became a Top 10 hit on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart and a #1 R&B single on the Billboard R&B Singles chart receiving a large amount of radio and TV airplay. Also in 2005, he joined Bow Wow, Omarion, Marques Houston, B5 and Pretty Ricky on the Scream Tour IV. After the success of "Slow Down", he released a second single, a remix of his song "Tell Me" featuring Lil Wayne, produced by Tim & Bob as well. The album's third and final single, "My Angel", was released in the fall of 2005, however it gained little popularity. Gearing up for the release of his 2007 sophomore effort Special Occasion, Bobby V released the album's first single titled "Turn the Page" with mixed reviews. His second single, "Anonymous" featuring Timbaland, was released on April 9, 2007. Overall, the album received positive reviews from critics and audiences. He later returned to his pier appearing on the debut episode of MTV's Once Upon A Prom, which aired on May 19, 2007.
2008–2009: New label and The Rebirth
In early 2008, Bobby V confirmed that he was no longer signed to either Def Jam or Disturbing tha Peace during an interview with DJBooth.net. He stated:
Around this time the British musician Bobby Valentino brought an action against the Bobby V (then billed as "Bobby Valentino") and his then record label Def Jam for "Passing off, trademark infringement, and breach of contract, in relation to record sales, recorded content, and artist's live performances".
Due to the poor album sales of the second album, Special Occasions failing to reach gold or platinum sales, Bobby V was reportedly frustrated with the album's delays and less than expected sales, culminating in his decision to leave the labels. Although business ties have been severed, Bobby V maintains positive relationships with CEO Chaka Zulu, Ludacris and the Disturbing tha Peace/Def Jam staff. In April 2008, Come with Me was released through digital outlets and featured the single "Another Life". In July 2008, three months after being dropped from Def Jam Recordings and leaving Disturbing tha Peace Records, Bobby V signed a new deal with EMI, which will house his imprint Blu Kolla Dreams. In regards to the new label his manager and co-CEO of Blu Kolla Dreams Courtney "Colt Luv" Stewart stated:
In addition, Bobby V announced the release of a new album titled The Rebirth. When asked about his powerful new album Bobby V stated:
The Rebirth was released on February 10, 2009, under his new stage name "Bobby V". The album's first official single "Beep" featuring Yung Joc was released via iTunes on October 7, 2008. In the fall of 2009, Bobby V performed under his new alias at Rutgers University Hot Dog Knight. V's third studio album features production by Tim & Bob, Raphael Saadiq, LOS Da Maestro and Big Fruit.
2010–present
Bobby V released his fourth studio album Fly on the Wall on March 22, 2011. The first single was "Phone #", which features rapper Plies and was produced by Jazze Pha. In December 2010, Bobby V released his second single "Words" off of "Fly on the Wall". In February 2011, Bobby V released his third single "Rock Wit'cha", a remake from Bobby Brown's 1989 album Don't Be Cruel. "Grab Somebody, which features rapper Twista was his fourth single. Bobby V later appeared alongside rappers Nicki Minaj and Lil Wayne on the song "Sex in the Lounge" from Minaj's second album Pink Friday: Roman Reloaded. In May 2012, Bobby V released the first single from his album, Dusk Till Dawn, titled "Mirror", which features rapper Lil Wayne. On October 16, 2012. Dusk Till Dawn was released. The album sold 50 000 copies in the first week.
In April 2013, Bobby V announced that he was working on a new project, Peach Moon. The first single from Peach Moon was "Back To Love". Bobby V released Peach Moon on December 10, 2013. On January 28, 2015, Bobby V was featured in a single released by Gotti, called "I Need a Girl." In January 2016, Bobby V made a partnership with Michael Caseau to aid in media direction, investments, and management. Also in 2016, he released the soundtrack to the BET film Hollywood Hearts.
In September 2017, Bobby V signed a new label deal with SoNo Recording Group distributed by Universal Music Group. The label reunites him with record producer and A&R man Tim Kelley, who co-produced his 2005 debut, Disturbing Tha Peace Presents Bobby Valentino. The new album Electrik which was produced entirely by Tim Kelley, was released on March 9, 2018. The album debuted on the Billboard R&B Album Chart at #7. Electrik includes a collaboration with Snoop Dogg on the album's first single "Lil' Bit".
In June 2022, Bobby V participated in Verzuz, paired with Ray J and went against Sammie with Pleasure P. Their segment went viral for multiple reasons, resulting in the four singers to meet virtually on social media where they came together and develop a R&B supergroup R.S.V.P, which currently is in development.
Personal life
Wilson has one child: a daughter born in 2017.
Discography
Studio albums
Bobby Valentino (2005)
Special Occasion (2007)
The Rebirth (2009)
Fly on the Wall (2011)
Dusk Till Dawn (2012)
Electrik (2018)
Filmography
Hollywood Hearts (TV movie; 2016)
Awards and nominations
Urban Music Awards
2009, Urban Music Award for Best Male Artist (won)
2009, Urban Music Award for Best R&B Act (won)
NAACP Image Awards
2006, Outstanding New Artist (nominated)
Soul Train Music Awards
2006, Best R&B/Soul Single, Male: "Slow Down" (nominated)
2006, Best R&B/Soul or Rap New Artist (nominated)
Vibe Awards
2005, Reelest Video: "Pimpin' All Over the World" (nominated)
BMI Awards
2005, Song of the Year: "Slow Down" (won)
References
External links
1980 births
20th-century American singers
20th-century African-American male singers
American contemporary R&B singers
American hip hop singers
American tenors
Clark Atlanta University alumni
Living people
Singers from Atlanta
Musicians from Jackson, Mississippi
Songwriters from Georgia (U.S. state)
Songwriters from Mississippi
20th-century American male singers
21st-century American male singers
21st-century American singers
African-American songwriters
21st-century African-American male singers
American male songwriters | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobby%20V |
Aurélie Dupont (born 15 January 1973 in Paris) is a French ballet dancer who performed with the Paris Opera Ballet as an Étoile.
She began her career in dance in 1983 when she entered the Paris Opera Ballet School (L’École de danse de l’Opéra de Paris). She joined the company at age sixteen in 1989, and became a première danseuse in December 1996. Dupont was promoted to star dancer (Étoile) in 1998 after her performance as Kitri in Paris Opera Ballet's revival of Nureyev's production of Don Quixote. She has also starred in Paris Opera Ballet's revival of Nureyev's version of The Sleeping Beauty.
In 2010, Cédric Klapisch released a documentary about Dupont, L'espace d'un instant, which had been made over the previous two years.
Dupont formally retired from the Paris Opera stage following a performance of Kenneth MacMillan's Manon on 18 May 2015. It was announced on 5 Feb 2016 that she would be the next director of dance for the Paris Opera Ballet after the resignation of Benjamin Millepied. In June 2022, Dupont announced that she would leave the company the following month.
Repertoire
Dupont's repertoire includes:
Don Quixote
La Bayadère
Sylvia
Giselle
Swan Lake
Romeo and Juliet
The Sleeping Beauty
Raymonda
Les Sylphides
La Sylphide
The Four Temperaments
Manon
Onegin
Awards
1992 : Gold medallist at the Varna International Ballet Competition (category juniors)
1993 : Winner of the French
1994 : Winner of the AROP (Association pour le rayonnement de l'Opéra national de Paris)
2002 : Prix Benois de la Danse
2005 : Chevalier of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres
References
External links
Ballet magazine interview, December 2003
Prima ballerinas
French ballerinas
1973 births
Living people
Prix Benois de la Danse winners
Paris Opera Ballet étoiles
Chevaliers of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aur%C3%A9lie%20Dupont |
Ursula Howells (17 September 1922 – 16 October 2005) was an English actress whose elegant presence kept her much in demand for roles in film and television.
Life and career
Howells was born in London, the daughter of composer Herbert Howells, and was educated at St Paul's Girls' School, where her father worked as Director of Music. She made her first stage appearance at Dundee in 1939, in John Drinkwater's Bird in Hand, then moved to Oxford in 1942 and three years later made her London debut at the Embassy Theatre, Swiss Cottage. In 1947, she appeared in the comedy Jane at the Aldwych Theatre. After several years in the West End, and a brief stint on Broadway where she appeared in Springtime for Henry in 1951, she began to appear in films.
After the death of her father in 1983, Ursula Howells instigated the Herbert Howells Society in 1987, and became a standard bearer for the promotion of his work. She financially supported the recording of his compositions and did much to encourage the publishing and promotion of church music.
Howells died on 16 October 2005, aged 83.
Filmography
Film
Flesh and Blood (1951) - Harriet Marshall
I Believe in You (1952) - Hon. Ursula
The Oracle (1953) - Peggy
The Weak and the Wicked (1954) - Pam Vickers
The Gilded Cage (1955) - Brenda Lucas
The Constant Husband (1955) - 'The Wives' - Ann
Track the Man Down (1955) - Mary Dennis
They Can't Hang Me (1955) - Antonia Pitt
Handcuffs, London (1955) - Madelaine Perry
Keep It Clean (1956) - Pat Anstey
The Long Arm (1956) - Mrs. Elliot / Mrs. Gilson
West of Suez (1957) - Eileen
Account Rendered (1957) - Lucille Ainsworth
Two Letter Alibi (1962) - Louise Hilary
80,000 Suspects (1963) - Joanna Duten
The Sicilians (1964) - Mme. Perrault
Dr Terror's House of Horrors (1965) - Mrs. Deirdre Biddulph (segment "Werewolf")
Torture Garden (1967) - Miss Maxine Chambers (segment 3 "Mr. Steinway")
Assignment K (1968) - Estelle
Crossplot (1969) - Maggi Thwaites
Mumsy, Nanny, Sonny and Girly (1970) - Mumsy
Father, Dear Father (1973) - Barbara
The Tichborne Claimant (1998) - Lady Doughty
Television
Madhouse on Castle Street (1963) - Martha Tompkins
Dixon of Dock Green (1963) - Jean Baker Ellis
The Forsyte Saga (1967) - Frances
Man in a Suitcase (1968) - Clara Arnoldson
Father, Dear Father (1968-1973) - Barbara Mossman
Upstairs, Downstairs (1975) - Duchess of Buckminster
The Barchester Chronicles (1982) - Miss Thorne
Miss Marple - A Murder is Announced (1985) - Miss Blacklock
Bergerac (1985-1991) - Laura Atherton / Elizabeth Fouchet
Casualty (1993-1997) - Erica Chisnall / Hilda
Lovejoy (1994) - Olive Nettleton
Under the Hammer (1994) - Mrs. Roper
Heartbeat (1995) - Miriam Wakefield
Dangerfield (1995) - Violet Trevelyn
A Rather English Marriage (1998, TV Movie) - Mary
The Cazalets (2001) - Kitty Cazalet
Midsomer Murders- The Electric Vendetta (2001) - Lady Isabel Aubrey (final appearance)
References
External links
The Herbert Howells Trust
1922 births
2005 deaths
English film actresses
English television actresses
People educated at St Paul's Girls' School
Actresses from London
20th-century English actresses
21st-century English actresses
Ursula | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ursula%20Howells |
CHOPS is the stage name of Scott Jung, also known as Scott Chops Jung, an American hip hop producer, rapper and former member of the Asian American Hip-Hop group, the Mountain Brothers. Jung grew up in Philadelphia and has Chinese ancestry. While with Mountain Brothers, he became known for using a combination of programmed and live instruments in his work, as opposed to sampling the work of others. Since the disbanding of the Mountain Brothers, CHOPS has worked primarily as a producer, with his most high-profile piece being the critically acclaimed 2011 video for Lonely Island entitled "The Creep."
Early life
Chops and his family were constantly moving from place to place, so he rarely made any long-lasting friendships. He did share a common interest with his brother in making music. Chops' passion for making beats began with his friend from high school. His friend brought a device to school that transformed Chop's life forever. It was a drum machine, and Chops began to copy beats from his favorite song, “Walk This Way” by Run DMC. After that, making beats became his life. Since his family was constantly on the move, music was the one thing that would never change, so his mother bought him an electric keyboard and his brother a guitar. Chops always got support from his mother and brother. “My brother has a band and I do mostly key.” Chops enrolled in many music courses while attending Penn State, but did not major in music. His parents discouraged him from majoring in music because they thought it would not result in a stable career.
Strength in Numbers
After the Mountain Brothers went their own ways Chops continued producing music. After Chops became a father, he started to question how he could contribute to the world in order for it to better for his daughter. This led to Chops’ creation of the album Strength in Numbers, which consists of collaborations with talented Asian American artists and himself. Strength in Numbers was completed over a period of two years, beginning in 2011. Chops wanted this album to be a great reflection of Asian American artists with great talent. Chops wanted people to dismantle stereotypes and let the music speak for itself instead of being influenced by the way the artists look. Chops, like other Asian American artists, have felt prejudged for being incapable of creating great music because of their ethnicity. When Chops was in the Mountain Brothers, the group would step on stage and everybody would assume their music would not be good and stereotype them, but after they performed the crowd would be amazed by their talents. “I remember this one guy connected with a big label that said, ‘You know what ya should do? Wear karate suits and hit gongs, ya know what I mean? Stuff like that, stuff with yo culture.’ I was born in New Jersey man.” With relatively few Asian American rappers in the mainstream, Chops believes that this album is a way for everybody to witness that Asian Americans, like artists of all other races, have the talent and should be acknowledged. Strength in Numbers consists of the contributions of over 30 artists.
Film score composing
Chops also composed the original score for Ursula Liang's documentary 9-Man (film) (2014), about a sport played by Chinese American men in New York City. The film won a Best Documentary award at the 2014 CAAMFest, as well as a Special Jury Prize for Best Director - Documentary Feature and an Audience Award for Documentary Feature from the 2014 Los Angeles Asian Pacific Film Festival. The documentary was also nominated for the Halekulani Golden Orchid Award for Best Documentary at the 2014 Hawaii International Film Festival and the Grand Jury Prize for Best Documentary Feature at the 2014 Los Angeles Asian Pacific Film Festival.
Discography
Film scores
9-Man (film) (2014), Directed by Ursula Liang
With the Mountain Brothers
1999: Self: Volume 1 (Self Released)
2002: Microphone Phenomenal (Babygrande Records)
2003: Triple Crown (Babygrande Records)
Albums
2003: Food For Naught (Day by Day Entertainment, Inc.)
2003: My First Break Record (Brick Records)
2004: Virtuosity (Good Vibe Recordings)
2004: Look What I Found In My Backpack
2004: 20 Piece Bucket Breaks (Brick Records)
2005: Gangsta Breaks (Brick Records)
2006: Dark (Image Music Group)
2014: Strength In Numbers
Mixtapes
2002: Hidden Gemz (mixed & hosted by DJ Excel) (Offishal Fully Records)
2004: The Chef Vs. The Butcher (with Raekwon, mixed by DJ Lt. Dan)
2004: By Hook Or By Crook (with G-Unit, mixed by DJ Lt. Dan)
2005: Ol' Dirty Bastard: The Return of Osirus (with DJ Lt. Dan, DJ Strong)
2006: It's Going Down: National Champs (with Paul Wall, DJ Clue)
2007: 9th Year Freshman (with 9th Wonder)
2009: Chops Best Remixes Vol. 1
2009: Glass Ceiling
2009: Chops Best Remixes Vol. 2
2009: A Lot On My Plate But Still Hungry
2011: Songs Your Girl Likes
Production
Bahamadia - BB Queen (2000)
3. "Special Forces" (feat. Chops, Rasco, and Planet Asia)
Hieroglyphics – Hiero Imperium Presents: The Corner (2005)
10. Everybody's Gangsta
Ol Dirty Bastard - Osirus (2006)
3. "Go Go Go" (feat. Blahzay Blahzay)
9. "Don't Stop Ma (Out of Control)"
12. "Down South"
DJ Clue? - The Professional 3 (2006)
9."Grill and Woman" - (by Mike Jones, Paul Wall and Bun B)
Young Jeezy - The Inspiration (2006)
19. "National Anthem" (iTunes bonus track)
Chamillionaire - Ultimate Victory (2007)
16. "We Breakin Up"
Bun B - II Trill (2008)
03. "Damn I'm Cold" (feat. Lil Wayne)
18. "Keep It 100"
Sway - The Signature LP (2008)
11. "Stereo"
San Quinn - "From A Boy to a Man" (2008)
04. "Double Dose of Gangsta" (featuring CHOPS)
17. "Devotion" (featuring Too Short, Mistah F.A.B. and Chops)
Keak Da Sneak "Deified" (2008)
19. "I Get It In" (featuring San Quinn, Chops & Bra Heff)
All City (San Quinn, Big Rich, Boo Banga) - 41 Feva (2008)
"Get It Anyway We Can"
Keak Da Sneak and San Quinn "Welcome To Scokland"
2. "Welcome to Scokland"
4. Streetz Don't Lie
Chamillionaire - Venom (2010)
00. "The Main Event"
Nappy Roots - Pursuit of Nappyness (2010)
6. "How I Do"
11. "Know About Me"
14. "Paint A Picture"
16 "All For You"
The Lonely Island - Turtleneck & Chain (2011)
13. "The Creep" featuring Nicki Minaj and John Waters
Bambu - ... one rifle per family (2012)
4. "Rent Money" (featuring Rocky Rivera)
The Lonely Island - The Wack Album (2013)
10."I'm a Hustler (Song?)"
12."I Run NY" (featuring Billie Joe Armstrong)
References
External links
CHOPS website
CHOPS YouTube
Chops at Discogs
American rappers of Asian descent
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Musicians from Philadelphia
Hip hop record producers
Good Vibe Recordings artists
Underground rappers
21st-century American rappers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chops%20%28music%20producer%29 |
Nathan Clarke (born 30 November 1983) is an English former footballer professional footballer who played as a centre-back.
In a career that last from 2001 until 2021 Clarke represented Huddersfield Town, Colchester United, Oldham Athletic, Bury, Leyton Orient, Bradford City, Coventry City, Grimsby Town and FC Halifax Town.
Playing career
Huddersfield Town
Clarke is a product of the Huddersfield Town Academy. He began his first team career at the age of just 17 when his debut came in a 1–1 draw away to Stoke City on 8 September 2001. He scored his first goal for his home club on his home debut in the game in which ended in a 4–2 loss against Blackpool. He made a total of 37 starts in all competitions during the 2001–02 season his first as a professional with the first team with 36 of them coming in the league scoring once.
Clarke was runner-up in the Huddersfield Town 'Player of the Year' 2005–06 and was made vice-captain of the team aged just 21, going on to win the title the following year along with winning the 'players player award'. Clarke played under eight different managers at the Galpharm and was in the starting 11 for each one.
Clarke has been selected in FourFourTwo's Top 50 Football League Players at 43 in March 2006, down from 40 in the list in March 2005.
On 27 January 2011, after failing to break into Lee Clark's team, Clarke joined League One club Colchester United on loan until the end of the season. He made 18 appearances for the U's.
On 19 August 2011, he joined Oldham Athletic on a five-month loan deal. He made his debut the following day, where he also scored the first goal. Clarke returned to his parent club Huddersfield Town after making 16 appearances for Oldham. He then on 9 March, joined Bury on loan for the remainder of the season. He played a huge part in the club's league survival in the league, with them finishing mid table.
He left Huddersfield Town in June 2012 after playing over 300 games for his home town club (and almost 20 years at the club he has supported since he was a boy), 11 of those as pro.
Leyton Orient
Clarke signed for Leyton Orient on 18 July 2012 on a two-year contract. Boss Russell Slade made him the club captain of the London side within a week of being signed. On 14 February 2014, he signed a contract extension at Leyton Orient. He scored his first goal for the club on 11 March 2014 in the 2–0 win at Port Vale, a header at the near post from a corner. Two games later, Clarke scored an equalising goal in the 1–1 draw at Walsall, a deflected half-volley long-range shot in the 77th minute. Clarke was part of the team that played in the 2014 Football League One play-off final against Rotherham United, the game finishing 2–2 Orient lost 3–4 in a penalty shoot out.
On 24 July 2015, Clarke left the club in order to be closer to his family.
Bradford City
Clarke joined Bradford City on 28 July 2015 on a one-year contract.
Coventry City
Clarke joined Coventry City on 1 January 2017 as one of three new signings made by new Sky Blues manager Russell Slade, who had previously been his boss at Leyton Orient. He made his debut for the club the following day in the 2–2 draw at home to Bolton Wanderers. Clarke was cup-tied in the 2016–17 EFL Trophy due to playing for Bradford earlier in the season, his team went on to winning the 2017 EFL Trophy Final.
After making 18 appearances for Coventry in the 2016–17 season he was released by the club on 2 May 2017.
Grimsby Town
On 23 June 2017, Clarke signed a one-year contract with League Two side Grimsby Town on a free transfer. He scored his first goal for Grimsby on his debut in a 3–1 win over Chesterfield on 5 August 2017. He was released by Grimsby at the end of the 2017–18 season.
FC Halifax Town
On 3 August 2018, Clarke signed for his home town side FC Halifax Town following a trial spell during pre-season. He was made caretaker manager alongside Steve Nichol following the resignation of Jamie Fullarton on 15 July 2019. Clarke announced his retirement from professional football at the end of the 2020–21 season.
Personal life
Clarke has a younger brother, defender/midfielder Tom Clarke who plays for League One club Fleetwood Town.
Career statistics
Club
Honours
Player
Huddersfield Town
Third Division play-offs: 2003–04
Coventry City
EFL Trophy: 2016–17
References
External links
1983 births
Living people
Footballers from Halifax, West Yorkshire
English men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
Huddersfield Town A.F.C. players
Colchester United F.C. players
Oldham Athletic A.F.C. players
Bury F.C. players
Leyton Orient F.C. players
Bradford City A.F.C. players
Coventry City F.C. players
English Football League players
Grimsby Town F.C. players
FC Halifax Town players | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathan%20Clarke%20%28English%20footballer%29 |
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