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It's Hard to Write with a Little Hand is the only album by Rochester, New York, mathcore band Lethargy, released in 1996.
The final track, "Humorless," is a remix of "Humor Me".
Critical reception
AllMusic wrote that the album "helped elevate heavy metal to unprecedented 'serious music' status, its labyrinthine sonic contortions paving the way for what would later become recognized as the 'math-metal' movement."
Track listing
Lineup
Erik Burke - Guitar, vocals
Brann Dailor - Drums
Bill Kelliher - Guitar
Adam Routier - Bass
References
1996 albums
Lethargy (band) albums
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/It%27s%20Hard%20to%20Write%20with%20a%20Little%20Hand
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Salvatore Amitrano (born 3 December 1975 in Castellammare di Stabia, Province of Naples) is an Italian rower.
Amitrano was a member of the Italian men's lightweight rowing team that won a bronze medal at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens.
When not competing, he works for the State Police in Italy.
References
sports-reference
1975 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Castellammare di Stabia
Olympic bronze medalists for Italy
Rowers at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Rowers at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Rowers at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Italian male rowers
Olympic rowers for Italy
Olympic medalists in rowing
Medalists at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Mediterranean Games silver medalists for Italy
Competitors at the 2005 Mediterranean Games
World Rowing Championships medalists for Italy
Mediterranean Games medalists in rowing
Rowers of Fiamme Oro
European Rowing Championships medalists
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvatore%20Amitrano
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7027 Thornbury Castle was built in August 1949. Its first shed allocation was Plymouth Laira. Its March 1959 shed allocation was Old Oak Common. Its last shed allocation was Reading. It was withdrawn in December 1963 and arrived at Woodham Brothers scrapyard in Barry, South Wales in May 1964. The locomotive was not scrapped and was being restored in 2022.
Preservation
7027 was sold to the then Birmingham Railway Museum and left as the 23rd departure from Barry in August 1972. After being purchased by Pete Waterman's Transport Trust, she was stored outside the Crewe Heritage Centre in her Barry Scrapyard condition. Some parts of 7027 are currently in use on elder sibling 5043 Earl of Mount Edgcumbe and one set of name and number plates for 7027 are mounted on a wall of the main hall of The Castle School in Thornbury, South Gloucestershire. Following the removal of Waterman's railway equipment from the former LNWR site in 2016, she was moved to Peak Rail in April 2016.
In July 2016, 7027 was purchased from the Waterman Trust for an undisclosed sum by Jon Jones-Pratt, owner of 4936 Kinlet Hall and the revived Crosville Motor Services, who plans to restore the engine to full mainline standards. Restoration started at the Crosville depot in Weston-super-Mare. In February 2018, agreement was reached between the West Somerset Railway and Jon Jones-Pratt for 7027 Thornbury Castle to be moved to , to be restored there over a six-year period. In January 2020 no 7027 was once again sold on with plans to be restored to working order. 7027 was sold from Jon Jones-Pratt to a private individual who intended to restore the engine for use at the Great Central Railway. The engine was then planned not be mainline certified on completion.
An April 2020 report stated that restoration had started; the project was headed up by the chief mechanical engineer of Great Central Railway, Craig Stinchcombe. Reports and photographs posted in 2022 indicated that restoration was well underway.
In August 2022, the future restoration of Thornbury Castle was called into question when the Great Western Society's 4709 Group bought the locomotive with the intention of donating the boiler to their project to re-create a GWR 4700 Class. Thornbury Castle's chassis and other components were to be used to recreate a GWR Star class locomotive, and eventually rebuilding it back into Thornbury Castle when a No. 7 or No. 8 boiler would be available in the future. However, in September of 2022, those plans were cancelled. The GWS also stated that Thornbury Castle could be rebuilt in its own right if someone buys the spare parts.
In May 2023 The Railway Magazine reported that the use of the Castle's boiler for the Night Owl project had been confirmed in an announcement on 24 April by Richard Croucher of the 4709 Group. As a result the magazine reported savings of £500,000 would be made by the project and it would see a time saving of five years.
References
External links
'Castle' class details, 7000 - 7037 Great Western Archive
7027
Railway locomotives introduced in 1949
7027
Locomotives saved from Woodham Brothers scrapyard
Standard gauge steam locomotives of Great Britain
Individual locomotives of Great Britain
4-6-0 locomotives
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GWR%204073%20Class%207027%20Thornbury%20Castle
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Tyron is a given name:
Tyron Brackenridge (born 1984), Canadian football defensive backs coach
Tyron Carrier (born 1987), American athlete who was formerly a wide receiver
Tyron Frampton (born 1994), British rapper better known as Slowthai
Tyron Henderson (born 1974), South African professional cricketer
Tyron Ivanof (born 1997), Belgian footballer
Tyron Johnson (born 1996), American football player
Tyron Koen (born 1997), South African cricketer
Tyron Leitso (born 1976), Canadian actor
Tyron McCoy (born 1972), American professional basketball coach, and former professional basketball player
Tyron Perez (1985–2011), Filipino model, actor and television host
Tyron Silvapulle (1986-1999), Sri Lankan pilot
Tyron Smith (born 1990), American football offensive tackle
Tyron Uy (born 1985), Filipino politician
Tyron Wijewardene (born 1961), former Sri Lankan cricketer and current cricket umpire
Tyron Woodley (born 1982), American professional mixed martial artist, rapper, broadcast analyst, and former UFC Welterweight Champion
Tyron Zeuge (born 1992), German professional boxer
See also
Tyron (album), by Slowthai, 2021
Tryon (disambiguation)
Tyrone (name)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyron
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Armin Zöggeler OMRI (born 4 January 1974) is a retired Italian luger and double Olympic champion. He is one of the most successful men in the sport, nicknamed Il Cannibale ("The Cannibal"), for his notable series of victories, or The Iceblood Champion, for his always cold, rational approach to the races. Fellow luger Tucker West described Zöggeler as the sport's equivalent of Michael Jordan.
At the Winter Olympic Games, Zöggeler has won six medals in six consecutive Olympics – and this is a record in sport. He also has sixteen medals at the FIL World Luge Championships. At the FIL European Luge Championships, Zöggeler has earned eighteen medals.
In June 2019 he was inducted in the FIL Hall of Fame.
Personal life
Zöggeler was born in Meran, South Tyrol, into a farming family. A Carabiniere by profession, he began to luge at a very young age, over natural tracks. He won the junior World Cup when he was 14, and made his debut with the Italian national team at the age of 19. He also took three medals at the Junior World Championships: a silver in 1992 followed by two golds in 1993 and 1994. Despite a lack of tracks in Italy until the construction of the Cesana Pariol track for the 2006 Winter Olympics, he evolved into one of the most effective lugers ever.
Zöggeler lives in the town of Lana, in South Tyrol. He got married on 12 May 2007, and had two children, Nina and Thomas. During times when he is not training, Zöggeler enjoys swimming, field hockey, and collecting and watching television dramas. He is the uncle of fellow luger Sandra Robatscher.
Achievements
At the Winter Olympics, Zöggeler has won six medals in the same individual competition in six consecutive Olympics, the first to do so; including two golds (2002, 2006), one silver (1998), and three bronze (1994, 2010, 2014).
He has sixteen medals at the FIL World Luge Championships, including six golds (Men's singles: 1995, 1999, 2001, 2003, 2005, 2011), five silvers (Men's singles: 2000, 2007, 2009; Mixed team: 1995, 2007), and five bronzes (Mixed team: 1996, 1997, 2004, 2005, 2012).
At the FIL European Luge Championships, Zöggeler has earned eighteen medals. This includes four golds (Men's singles: 2004, 2008 and 2014; Mixed team: 1994), six silvers (Men's singles: 2006, 2012; Mixed team: 1998, 2004, 2006 and 2013), and eight bronzes (Men's singles: 1994, 2000, 2002; Mixed team: 1996, 2000, 2008, 2012 and 2014).
He won the overall Luge World Cup in men's singles ten times (1997–98, 1999–2000, 2000–01, 2003–04, 2005–06, 2006–07, 2007–08, 2008–09, 2009–10 and 2010–11). This is another record together with Markus Prock.
Zöggeler's 57 individual wins in the World Cup (), he is first of all time, beating the previous record of 33 wins by both German Georg Hackl and Austrian Markus Prock. He also took 26 seconds and 20 thirds in World Cup races.
He also won 20 Italian national championship titles between 1993 and 2013.
Zöggeler was made a Commander of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic in 2010.
In March 2018 a 37-minute documentary film Armin Zöggeler: La leggenda dello slittino (Armin Zöggeler: the Legend of Luge) was exhibited and made available for loan free of charge in Bolzano, with Zöggeler meeting members of the audience after the screening.
Sports career
Zöggeler carried the Italian flag at the closing ceremonies of the 2006 Torino Winter Olympics.
For the 2010 Winter Olympics, Zöggeler was given the opportunity to carry the flag for Italy at the opening ceremony, but he declined because the first two runs of the Olympic luge competition were scheduled at the Whistler Sliding Centre for the following evening. The honour instead went to cross-country skier Giorgio Di Centa.
He carried the flag for the 2014 Winter Olympics opening ceremony.
On 9 February 2014, Zöggeler became the first person in history to win six medals in the same individual competition in six consecutive Olympics, by winning a bronze. Other athletes who won medals in six consecutive Olympics did not do so in the same individual competition: Aladár Gerevich, a fencer from Hungary, won six gold medals between 1932 and 1960 with the Hungarian team; Elisabeta Lipă, a rower from Romania, won her medals between 1984 and 2004 in different disciplines (single scull, double scull, quadruple scull and eight).
In October 2014, Zöggeler announced his retirement from competition, taking up a post as head of materials research and development for the Italian luge team, working with the Italian National Olympic Committee, the Italian Winter Sports Federation and Ferrari. He joined the Italian National Olympic Committee's Athletes' Commission in 2016.
See also
Legends of Italian sport - Walk of Fame
List of multiple Olympic medalists in one event
References
Armin Zoeggeler "Well aware of this great honour". at the Fédération Internationale de Luge de Course (3 February 2010 article accessed 3 February 2010.)
External links
1974 births
Living people
Italian male lugers
Olympic lugers for Italy
Olympic medalists in luge
Olympic gold medalists for Italy
Olympic silver medalists for Italy
Olympic bronze medalists for Italy
Lugers at the 1994 Winter Olympics
Lugers at the 1998 Winter Olympics
Lugers at the 2002 Winter Olympics
Lugers at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Lugers at the 2010 Winter Olympics
Lugers at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Medalists at the 1994 Winter Olympics
Medalists at the 1998 Winter Olympics
Medalists at the 2002 Winter Olympics
Medalists at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Medalists at the 2010 Winter Olympics
Medalists at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Lugers of Centro Sportivo Carabinieri
Sportspeople from Merano
People from Lana, South Tyrol
Commanders of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic
Germanophone Italian people
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armin%20Z%C3%B6ggeler
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WOUC may refer to:
WOUC-FM, a radio station (89.1 FM) licensed to serve Cambridge, Ohio, United States
WOUC-TV, a television station (channel 6, virtual 44) licensed to serve Cambridge, Ohio
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WOUC
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James (Jim) Zalesky (born January 15, 1961) is an American college wrestling coach and is currently the head coach of the University of Jamestown. He was A former head wrestling coach for the Oregon State Beavers. Prior to joining the Beavers, he was the coach of the University of Iowa wrestling team from 1998 to 2006. At Iowa, he succeeded Dan Gable as head coach, under whom he was a three-time NCAA champion. As head coach for Iowa, he guided the Hawkeyes to three NCAA team championships in 1998, 1999, and 2000. In 2004, he was inducted into the National Wrestling Hall of Fame as a Distinguished Member.
Career
Wrestling
Jim was a four-time All-American at Iowa from 1981 to 1984. He won the NCAA individual title in the 158 pound division in 1982, 1983, and 1984. He went undefeated his last two years, ending his college career with an 89 match winning streak. At the 1984 NCAA Championships he was named Most Outstanding Wrestler. Amateur Wrestling News named him "Wrestler of the Decade" for the 1980s. This occurred as part of a streak during which the University of Iowa wrestling team won seven consecutive national titles.
He narrowly missed earning a position on the Olympic wrestling team by finishing second in the 163 pound division at the U.S. National competition.
Zalesky is a member of the United States Coaches Association, and was inducted into the National Wrestling Hall of Fame in 2004.
Coaching
Despite coaching the Hawkeyes to three NCAA team championships in nine years, with a runner-up finish as recently as 2004 and a 4th Place finish in 2006, Zalesky was fired as Iowa's head coach on March 30, 2006. Athletic Director Bob Bowlsby cited a decline in the program under Zalesky and the need for a change as the reasons.
Oregon State's prior head coach, Joe Wells, retired a few days later leaving the program on a high note ending with a 13–2–1 record for the 2005–06 season. Zalesky was announced as Oregon State's new head coach on April 14, 2006. Under Zalesky, the Beavers won seven Pac-12 team titles from 2006 to 2020. The Beavers were 147-75-2 in dual meets during Zalesky's tenure. On March 9, 2020, Zalesky was dismissed as head coach by Oregon State University.
On May 4, 2021 the University of Jamestown in North Dakota hired Zalesky as the new men's wrestling coach.
Zalesky coaching record is 274-109-2, with him having coached over 50 All-Americans.
References
American male sport wrestlers
American wrestling coaches
Iowa Hawkeyes wrestlers
Iowa Hawkeyes wrestling coaches
Oregon State Beavers wrestling coaches
Living people
1961 births
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim%20Zalesky
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Bouzareah or Bouzaréah () is a suburb of Algiers, Algeria. It had a population of 69,200 people in 1998 and an altitude of over 300 meters AMSL. The city's name is Arabic and means "of the grain" or "from the grain". The embassies of Niger, Oman, and Mauritania are located there.
Institutions
The city is home to several notable institutions:
The Algerian Space Agency
The Research center in Astronomy, Astrophysics and Geophysics (CRAAG, former Observatory of Algiers)
The normal School for Teachers of Algiers-Bouzaréah, created by imperial decree on March 4, 1865
The Tele Algerian Diffusion
The broadcast transmitting station of the operator of mobile telephony Djezzy, subsidiary of Orascom Télécom Algeria, which is the largest telephone operator in Algeria.
The Department of Sciences of Education - the University of Bouzaréah
The Superior school of Bank
The basilica Notre Dame d'Afrique
The forest of Baïnem
Asteroid
Frederic Sy was a French astronomer who published scientific articles from 1894 to 1918 about comets and asteroids. He worked at the astronomical observatory the Research center in Astronomy, Astrophysique and Geophysics (CRAAG, formerly the Observatory of Algiers) and was a colleague of François Gonnessiat. He discovered two asteroids, which he named:
"858 El Djezaïr" (Arabic for Algeria and Algiers) on May 26, 1916.
"859 Bouzaréah" also in 1916.
Historical population
Former coat of arms
The first quarter is red, the heraldic color of Africa with a tower to represent a fort located in the city. The second quarter is green, of sinople with a kouba to point out the koubbas of Sidi-Nouman inter alia. With the third district, sinople cypresses to point out the wooded solid mass which covered formerly all the "Bouzaréah". With the fourth district the crescent of Islam with the stars which refer to the Observatory of the Celestial Village on blue of France.
This coat of arms was made by Théo Bruand d' Uzelle in 1993.
Education
El Kalimat School, an English-language international school, is in the commune.
Notable people
References
Suburbs of Algiers
Communes of Algiers Province
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bouzar%C3%A9ah
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Mārtiņš Rubenis (born 26 September 1978) is a retired Latvian luger who competed between 1998 and 2014. He won the bronze medal at the men's singles event at the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, becoming the first Latvian (i.e. representing Republic of Latvia, as opposed to the Soviet Union) to win a medal at the Winter Olympics and the only one fr He won his second bronze medal at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi in the Team Relay event. In total he competed in five Olympics.
Rubenis has also won the gold medal at the 1998 World Junior Championships, as well as the silver and bronze medals at the 2003 and 2004 World Championships respectively. He also won three medals in the Team Relay event at the FIL European Luge Championships with a golds in 2008 and 2010, and a bronze in 2006.
Rubenis retired after the 2014 Winter Olympics. He announced his retirement after the men's event, in which he finished 10th, yet a few days later Rubenis won a bronze medal being a part of the Latvian Relay Team. As a result, he and his team-mates in the relay squad were featured on a commemorative stamp issued by Latvian Post. Following his retirement, he was appointed as coach of the Latvian national luge team, and additionally uses his skills as a mechanical engineer to design sleds for the team, having already made his own sleds whilst competing. He also became a member of the Latvian Olympic Committee, having previously served as an athlete representative to the International Luge Federation.
Rubenis is a musician and DJ and a member of the DJs group Värka Kru.
Awards
2011 – The Three – Star Order
2014 – The Cross of Recognition
Achievements
1998 – 1st place in World Junior championship
2000 – 11th place in World championship
2000 – 18th place Overall World Cup
2001 – 29th place in World championship
2001 – 25th place Overall World Cup
2002 – 15th place in European championship
2002 – 34th place Overall World Cup
2003 – 2nd place in World championship – team competition
2003 – 2nd place in World championship
2003 – 18th place Overall World Cup
2004 – 3rd place in World championship
2004 – 13th place Overall World Cup
2004 – 12th place Overall Challenge Cup
2005 – 11th place in World championship
2005 – 11th place Overall World Cup
2005 – 9th place Overall Challenge Cup
2006 – 3rd place in European championship – team competition
2006 – 7th place in European championship
Olympic Games results
1998 – Nagano 14th place
2002 – Salt Lake City after crash – DNF
2006 – Torino 3rd place
2010 – Vancouver 11th place
2014 – Sochi 10th place
2014 – Sochi 3rd place Team Relay
References
FIL-Luge profile
External links
1978 births
Living people
Latvian male lugers
Olympic lugers for Latvia
Olympic medalists in luge
Olympic bronze medalists for Latvia
Lugers at the 1998 Winter Olympics
Lugers at the 2002 Winter Olympics
Lugers at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Lugers at the 2010 Winter Olympics
Lugers at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Medalists at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Medalists at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Sportspeople from Riga
Recipients of the Cross of Recognition
Latvian sports coaches
Mechanical engineers
Falun Gong practitioners
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%81rti%C5%86%C5%A1%20Rubenis
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One Last Dance is a 2003 American-Canadian romantic drama film about three dancers in New York City. The film was directed and written by Lisa Niemi, wife of actor Patrick Swayze. One Last Dance starred both Swayze and Niemi, who also jointly produced, alongside George de la Peña in a major role. It was filmed in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
One Last Dance was choreographed by Patsy Swayze, Niemi's mother-in-law and the mother of Patrick Swayze. Niemi, who also wrote the script in addition to directing the film, drew its content from the real-life experiences and struggles of performing artists.
Plot
The story revolves around three dancers who are forced to reconcile their differences and pasts. Travis (Swayze), Chrissa (Niemi), and Max (De La Pena) were three students of master choreographer Alex McGrath, but they had a falling out many years ago over a particularly difficult piece that Alex had choreographed specifically for them. Unexpectedly, McGrath dies. This reunites the three, who agree to attempt the dance piece once more to save his company. In the process, however, they all reopen old emotional wounds that had never properly healed. Travis and Chrissa have a daughter together, Bree. Bree wishes to follow in her mother's footsteps of dancing and even takes any opportunity to steal her mother's Pointe shoes and dance around the house in them, much to her mother's chagrin. It is realized that Max should be the new head of the company. Travis, Chrissa and Max each want to quit for good at some point. But finally all grudgingly follow through and come full-circle as dancers.
References
External links
2003 films
2003 romantic drama films
American dance films
American romantic drama films
Films directed by Lisa Niemi
Films set in New York City
Films shot in Winnipeg
Films about ballet
2000s English-language films
2000s American films
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One%20Last%20Dance%20%282003%20film%29
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The 1980–81 season was the 101st season of competitive football in England.
Diary of the season
9 August 1980: Liverpool win the Charity Shield as Terry McDermott scores the only goal in a 1–0 win over West Ham United.
14 August 1980: Having not played a first team game for Arsenal, Clive Allen leaves the club after just two months to join Crystal Palace, again costing his new club £1,250,000.
16 August 1980: Norwich City achieve the biggest win of the opening day of the First Division season, beating Stoke City 5–1. Champions Liverpool begin with a 3–0 win at home to Crystal Palace. Kevin Keegan makes his League début for Southampton in a 2–0 victory at home to Manchester City. Tottenham Hotspur's expensive new strike force of Steve Archibald and Garth Crooks help them to a 2–0 win over Nottingham Forest, with Crooks scoring the second goal.
30 August 1980: Newcastle United's Bill McGarry becomes the first managerial casualty of the season, being sacked after a failure to win any of the Second Division fixtures combined with a humiliating League Cup exit at the hands of Fourth Division side Bury. Former manager Joe Harvey takes charge of the club in a caretaker capacity, but quickly distances himself from any thoughts of a permanent return to the manager's job.
31 August 1980: The first month of the Football League season ends with Ipswich Town, Southampton and Aston Villa level at the top of the First Division after four matches. Stoke City, Manchester City and Leeds United occupy the bottom three places. The Second Division promotion race has begun with Blackburn Rovers, Derby County and Sheffield Wednesday occupying the top three places. Cambridge United, in only their 11th season as a Football League team, stand fourth in the division harbouring dreams of the quickest modern day rise from non-league football to the First Division.
1 September 1980: Third Division basement side Carlisle United sack manager Martin Harvey after only six months in charge, and re-appoint former manager Bob Stokoe to replace him.
7 September 1980: Chesterfield manager Arthur Cox is appointed as Newcastle United's new manager. Jimmy Adamson resigns as Leeds United manager.
10 September 1980: England's 1982 World Cup qualifying series begins with a 4–0 win over Norway at Wembley.
16 September 1980: Leeds United appoint former player and Barnsley manager Allan Clarke as Jimmy Adamson's successor. Clarke is succeeded at Barnsley by former Leeds teammate Norman Hunter.
30 September 1980: September draws to a close with Ipswich Town leading the First Division by four points over their nearest rivals Liverpool, Everton and Aston Villa. Crystal Palace have slumped to the bottom of the table and are joined in the relegation zone by Manchester City and Leeds United. The race for a place in the First Division next season is headed by the Second Division top three of Blackburn Rovers, West Ham United and Notts County. Cambridge United's promising start has fallen away and they now stand third from bottom.
1 October 1980: Manchester City sack manager Malcolm Allison and replace him with Norwich City's John Bond, who in turn is replaced by Ken Brown.
2 October 1980: Terry Venables departs Crystal Palace to take over at Queens Park Rangers, who sacked Tommy Docherty earlier that day. Crystal Palace appoint Venables' assistant, Ernie Walley as caretaker manager.
15 October 1980: England suffer a 2–1 defeat to Romania in Bucharest in their second World Cup qualifier.
17 October 1980: Andy Ritchie, the highly promising Manchester United striker who turns 20 next month, is surprisingly sold to Brighton & Hove Albion for £500,000.
22 October 1980: Bottom of the First Division, Manchester City win their first league match of the season at the thirteenth attempt when they defeat Tottenham Hotspur 3–1.
31 October 1980: Aston Villa, who last won a top division title in 1910, finish October as First Division leaders, though Ipswich Town, still unbeaten, are two points behind them with two games in hand. Liverpool, Nottingham Forest, Manchester United and West Bromwich Albion are a further two points behind. Crystal Palace, Manchester City and Brighton & Hove Albion occupy the relegation places. The race for three places in the First Division next season is being headed by Notts County, West Ham United and Chelsea, with Swansea City, Blackburn Rovers and Sheffield Wednesday in close contention.
11 November 1980: Ipswich Town's unbeaten start to the season ends when they lose their fifteenth match 1–0 to bottom-placed Brighton & Hove Albion.
19 November 1980: England get their World Cup qualifying campaign back on track with a 2–1 win over Switzerland at Wembley.
29 November 1980: Ken Brown makes his first signing for Norwich City by paying Liverpool £100,000 for 19-year-old central defender Dave Watson.
30 November 1980: November ends with Aston Villa still leading the First Division, two points ahead of Liverpool. Ipswich Town are now third, but are three points off top spot with three games in hand. West Bromwich Albion and Arsenal complete the top five. Leicester City prop up the First Division having lost their last four games, and join Crystal Palace and Brighton & Hove Albion in the bottom three. West Ham United, Chelsea and Notts County continue to head the challenge for promotion to the First Division.
6 December 1980: Following a run of just one point in the last month, Crystal Palace reappoint former manager Malcolm Allison. Ernie Walley is offered the chance to continue as first-team manager with Allison in the role of general manager, but opts to leave the club and rejoin Terry Venables at Queens Park Rangers, leaving Allison in sole charge.
31 December 1980: The year ends with Liverpool leading the First Division on goal difference ahead of Aston Villa. Ipswich Town are a point behind the leaders with two games in hand, and Arsenal are a further three points adrift. Crystal Palace and Leicester City remain stranded in the bottom three, but Brighton & Hove Albion have climbed out of the drop zone on goal difference at the expense of Norwich City. FA Cup holders West Ham United lead the Second Division promotion race, joining in the top three by Swansea City (who have never played in the top flight before) and Chelsea (who were last in the top flight two seasons ago). Notts County and Derby County are pushing the top three hard, while the likes of Luton Town and Orient are starting to emerge as possible contenders.
3 January 1981: Ipswich Town beat Aston Villa 1–0 in a heavyweight clash in the FA Cup third round. Everton defeat Arsenal 2–0.
10 January 1981: Aston Villa move to the top of the First Division after beating Liverpool 2–0 at Villa Park.
19 January 1981: FA Cup holders West Ham United are beaten 1–0 in a third round second replay by fellow Second Division side Wrexham.
24 January 1981: Manchester City defeat Norwich City 6–0 in the FA Cup fourth round tie at Maine Road, just two months after John Bond's move between the two clubs as manager. Everton knock out Merseyside rivals Liverpool with a 2–1 victory at Goodison Park, and Nottingham Forest beat Manchester United 1–0.
28 January 1981: Third Division Exeter City cause one of the shocks of the season by beating Leicester City 3–1 in an FA Cup fourth round replay.
31 January 1981: January draws to a close with Ipswich Town back on top of the First Division, ahead of second placed Aston Villa on goal difference with a game in hand. Liverpool are beaten 2–1 at home by Leicester City and are now four points off the top. Southampton and West Bromwich Albion complete the top five, while Manchester United, with fifteen draws already this season, have fallen to ninth in the table. Crystal Palace, Leicester City and Norwich City remain in the bottom three. West Ham United continue to lead the race for promotion, with Notts County and Chelsea completing the top three. Liverpool's 85-match unbeaten home run in all competitions is ended by a 2–1 home defeat to struggling Leicester City in the league, Their last home defeat was in February 1978.
3 February 1981: New Crystal Palace owner Ron Noades sacks Malcolm Allison and appoints Wimbledon manager Dario Gradi as Palace's fourth manager of the season. Wimbledon in turn appoint coach Dave Bassett as their new manager.
18 February 1981: Exeter City reach the FA Cup quarter-finals for only the second time in their history by defeating Newcastle United 4–0 in a replay after drawing 1–1 in the original fixture.
28 February 1981: Having won five League matches in a row, Ipswich Town remain top of the First Division at the end of February, with Aston Villa two points behind them. Liverpool's challenge is effectively over after taking just four points from four League games this month. Crystal Palace, Leicester City and Norwich City still occupy the relegation zone. West Ham United remain top of the Second Division, followed closely behind by Notts County and joined in the top three by Sheffield Wednesday at the expense of Chelsea, who have slumped to seventh. Grimsby Town have emerged as surprise promotion contenders alongside larger clubs like Blackburn Rovers and Derby County.
7 March 1981: Exeter City's FA Cup run finally ends when they lose 2–0 away to Tottenham Hotspur in the quarter-finals. At the City Ground, Ipswich Town go 2–0 up before Nottingham Forest score thrice to take the lead; the match finishes honours even at 3–3 after Frans Thijssen sends the match to a replay.
10 March 1981: Ipswich Town remain in contention for a treble of the league title, FA Cup and UEFA Cup by beating Nottingham Forest 1–0 in the FA Cup quarter-final replay.
12 March 1981: Ken Brown continues to build for the future of First Division strugglers Norwich City by paying Queens Park Rangers £225,000 for 22-year-old goalkeeper Chris Woods. Meanwhile, Liverpool sign 23-year-old Vancouver Whitecaps and Zimbabwe goalkeeper Bruce Grobbelaar for £250,000.
14 March 1981: The League Cup final ends in a 1–1 draw between Liverpool and West Ham United.
25 March 1981: Spain beat England 2–1 in a friendly at Wembley.
31 March 1981: Ipswich Town lose 3–0 away to Leeds United but remain one point ahead of second placed Aston Villa at the top of the First Division. West Bromwich Albion have moved into third, but are a distant six points behind Aston Villa. Crystal Palace, Norwich City and Leicester City remain in the bottom three places. West Ham United and Notts County continue to head the Second Division promotion race, joined in the top three by Grimsby Town at the expense of Sheffield Wednesday, who are now eighth.
1 April 1981: Liverpool win the Football League Cup for the first time, winning the replay 2–1 against West Ham United at Villa Park.
4 April 1981: Crystal Palace are relegated from the First Division with five matches of the season remaining. West Ham clinch promotion to the 1st Division.
7 April 1981: Sunderland sack manager Ken Knighton, and appoint Mick Docherty as caretaker manager for the last five games of the season.
8 April 1981: Aston Villa move three points clear at the top of the First Division after winning the derby against third-placed West Bromwich Albion 1–0.
10 April 1981: Following a disastrous run of form which has turned an initially promising season into a struggle against relegation, Everton announce that manager Gordon Lee will not be offered a new contract, and will leave the club at the end of the season. Blackburn Rovers manager Howard Kendall is considered the overwhelming favourite to succeed Lee for the following season.
11 April 1981: Ipswich Town's treble bid is ended with a 1–0 extra-time defeat by Manchester City in the FA Cup semi-final at Villa Park. In the final, they will face either Tottenham Hotspur or Wolverhampton Wanderers, who draw 2–2 in the other semi-final at Hillsborough.
14 April 1981: Ipswich Town return to Villa Park for a crucial League match against First Division leaders Aston Villa, and win 2–1 to move within a point of their opponents with a game in hand.
15 April 1981: Tottenham Hotspur reach the FA Cup final by beating Wolverhampton Wanderers 3–0 in the semi-final replay at Highbury.
18 April 1981: Aston Villa take a decisive step towards the First Division title by beating Nottingham Forest 2–0 on the same day that Ipswich Town lose 2–0 at home to Arsenal.
25 April 1981: Aston Villa defeat Middlesbrough 3–0 at Villa Park, meaning they only need a draw from their final game of the season to seal their first league title since 1910. Leicester City are relegated.
29 April 1981: England draw 0–0 with Romania in their World Cup qualifying game at Wembley.
30 April 1981: Manchester United sack Dave Sexton after four trophyless seasons as manager.
2 May 1981: Aston Villa seal their first league title for 71 years despite losing their final game of the season 2–0 to Arsenal as Ipswich Town lose 2–1 to Middlesbrough, their third League defeat in four matches. Norwich City are relegated after a 3–2 home defeat to second-bottom Leicester City. Newly promoted to the First Division for next season are West Ham United after a three-year exile, Notts County after 55 years away, and Swansea City for the first time ever.
6 May 1981: Ipswich Town beat AZ Alkmaar 3–0 of the Netherlands in the first leg of the UEFA Cup final at Portman Road.
9 May 1981: In the FA Cup final against Tottenham Hotspur, Manchester City's Tommy Hutchison scores for both teams, first putting Manchester City 1–0 but later scoring an own goal to bring the match to a replay.
12 May 1981: Zico scores the only goal as Brazil beat England 1–0 at Wembley.
14 May 1981: Tottenham Hotspur lift the FA Cup, defeating Manchester City 3–2 in the replay.
20 May 1981: Ipswich Town win the UEFA Cup 5–4 on aggregate despite losing 4–2 to AZ Alkmaar in the second leg of the final.
23 May 1981: England lose 1–0 at home to Scotland in the Home Championship, but the tournament remains unfinished after Northern Ireland are unable to complete their fixtures.
27 May 1981: An Alan Kennedy goal gives Liverpool their third European Cup triumph as they defeat Real Madrid 1–0 in the final at the Parc des Princes in Paris.
30 May 1981: A 2–1 defeat away to Switzerland leaves England struggling to qualify for the 1982 World Cup Finals.
6 June 1981: England end a run of six matches without a win with a 3–1 victory away to Hungary in a World Cup qualifier.
8 June 1981: Having failed to save Crystal Palace from relegation, Clive Allen drops down a division to return to Queens Park Rangers in a £400,000 deal.
9 June 1981: After a month of searching for a new manager, Manchester United appoint Ron Atkinson from West Bromwich Albion.
National teams
UEFA Competitions
English clubs continued their dominance of European football. Liverpool won the European Cup, beating Real Madrid 1–0 in the final and ensuring that the trophy remained in English hands for the fifth year running. Bobby Robson proved his managerial credentials by bringing UEFA Cup glory to Ipswich Town, who beat AZ Alkmaar 5–4 on aggregate in the final.
FA Cup
Inspired by Ricardo Villa and Osvaldo Ardiles, World Cup winners with Argentina in 1978, Tottenham Hotspur overcame Manchester City in the FA Cup final replay to lift their first major trophy under the management of Keith Burkinshaw.
League Cup
Liverpool won their first League Cup, beating Second Division West Ham United 2–1 in a replay after the original tie ended in a 1–1 draw.
Football League
First Division
A fiercely contested First Division title race went right to the wire between Aston Villa and Ipswich Town, as challenges from the likes of Arsenal, West Bromwich Albion and Liverpool fell away during the season's closing stages. The title was finally won by Villa for the first time since 1910, while Ipswich did manage to win the UEFA Cup. Liverpool slipped into fifth place but compensated for this downfall by lifting the European Cup for the third time and their first-ever League Cup. Manchester United failed to make the top five and this shortcoming cost Dave Sexton his manager's job.
Manchester United endured a disappointing season, finishing eighth. Their manager Dave Sexton had come under increased pressure over the disappointment of record signing Garry Birtles, who failed to find the net for United after his late autumn signing from Nottingham Forest in a million-plus transfer. At the end of the campaign Sexton was replaced by Ron Atkinson, who had just finished fourth in the league and reached the UEFA Cup quarter finals with an impressive West Bromwich Albion side. United's cross-city neighbours had also changed their manager, when dismissing Malcolm Allison in October to replace him with Norwich's John Bond, who pulled them up from the foot of the table to finish 12th in the league and reach the FA Cup final, where they took Tottenham to a replay before losing 3-2.
Crystal Palace endured a dreadful season with just six wins. They were joined in the Second Division by Norwich City and Leicester City. The Eagles' stay in the top flight had lasted just two years, while The Canaries' relegation brought to an end their six years in the limelight. The Foxes, however, were relegated after just a single season in the First Division.
Second Division
FA Cup holders West Ham United clinched the Second Division title by a wide margin to end their three-year absence from the First Division. They were joined by runners-up Notts County and a Swansea City side whose third-place finish gave them First Division football for the first time in their history and also completed a record of three promotions in four seasons. Blackburn Rovers missed out on promotion on goal difference, but their achievements did not go unnoticed by First Division clubs, as their manager Howard Kendall was then appointed manager of Everton.
Both Bristol City and Bristol Rovers were relegated from the Second Division, and they were joined in the relegation zone by Preston North End. The Robins suffered their second consecutive relegation, having been relegated from the top flight just 12 months previously, having not fallen as low as the Third Division for 16 years. Their close rivals, Bristol Rovers, on the other hand, returned to the Third Division after seven years in the Second. However, Preston North End's stay in the Second Division was even shorter, The Lilywhites having only been promoted three years previous.
Third Division
Ian Porterfield, the scorer of Sunderland's winning goal in their famous FA Cup triumph of 1973, achieved the first success of his managerial career by guiding Rotherham United to the Third Division title and a place in the Second Division. Runners-up in the Third Division were another South Yorkshire side, Barnsley, now managed by the former Leeds United defender Norman Hunter. The final promotion place was snatched by Charlton Athletic, who finished three points ahead of a Huddersfield side looking to win a second successive promotion.
Sheffield United and Blackpool both fell into the Fourth Division for the first time, and were joined by Hull City and Colchester United.
Despite falling out of the Third Division this season, Sheffield United remarkably managed to lure Ian Porterfield from a Rotherham side who had just reached the Second Division, offering him a five-year contract and making the resources available to him to get the Blades back into the First Division by 1986.
Fourth Division
Southend United won the Fourth Division title to clinch a place in the Third Division. They were joined by runners-up Lincoln City, third placed Doncaster Rovers and fourth placed Wimbledon.
There were no movements between the Fourth Division and the Alliance Premier League as the re-election system went in favour of the league's bottom four clubs, although bottom-placed York City came perilously close to being replaced by Alliance champions Altrincham, surviving by just two votes.
Top goalscorers
First Division
Steve Archibald (Tottenham Hotspur) and Peter Withe (Aston Villa) – 20 goals
Second Division
David Cross (West Ham United) – 22 goals
Third Division
Tony Kellow (Exeter City) – 25 goals
Fourth Division
Alan Cork (Wimbledon) – 23 goals
Non-league football
The divisional champions of the major non-League competitions were:
Awards
High scoring defensive midfielder John Wark was credited for his achievements at UEFA Cup Winners Ipswich Town as PFA Players' Player of the Year.
Aston Villa's forward Gary Shaw added the PFA Young Player of the Year award to his league championship medal.
Ipswich Town's Dutch midfielder Frans Thijssen was voted FWA Footballer of the Year.
Star managers
Ron Saunders ended Aston Villa's 71-year wait for the league championship trophy by pipping Ipswich Town at the post.
Bob Paisley made up for Liverpool's disappointing league form with success in the European Cup and League Cup.
Bobby Robson couldn't quite bring the league championship trophy to Ipswich Town but compensated by bringing them the UEFA Cup.
Keith Burkinshaw completed his rebuilding programme at Tottenham Hotspur by yielding an FA Cup triumph.
John Lyall had another successful season with West Ham United as they won promotion to the First Division a year after winning the FA Cup.
John Toshack completed the quickest rise through the Football League with Swansea City, who climbed from the Fourth Division to the First Division with three promotions in four seasons.
Ron Atkinson took West Bromwich Albion to fourth place in the league to attain their second UEFA Cup place in three seasons.
Terry Neill guided Arsenal to third place in the league to ensure UEFA Cup qualification.
Jimmy Sirrel took Notts County into the First Division for the first time in nearly 60 years.
Norman Hunter attained promotion to the Second Division with Barnsley.
Deaths
13 August 1980: George Haslam, 82, was a half-back during the interwar years for Manchester United, Darwen and Portsmouth.
29 August 1980: Billy Furness, 71, scored 93 league goals from inside-forward between 1928 and 1947 for Leeds United and Norwich City and was capped once for England in 1933.
6 September 1980: Joe Bradford, 79, scored a club record 267 goals in all competitions for Birmingham City between 1920 and 1935, completing his career with five games and one goal for Bristol City. He was capped 12 times for England, scoring seven goals.
7 October 1980: Jim Lewis, 71, played 111 league games for Watford as a centre-half in the 1930s before his playing career was ended by the war.
20 December 1980: Tom Waring, 74, scored 159 league goals from centre-forward for Aston Villa between 1928 and 1935, though he failed to win a major trophy with them. He had previously scored 23 goals in 24 league games for Tranmere Rovers, and after leaving Villa Park he turned out for Barnsley and Wolverhampton Wanderers before returning to Tranmere for two years and finishing his career at Accrington Stanley. By the time of his last senior game in 1938, he had scored 244 league goals. He was capped five times by England in the early 1930s and scored four goals.
30 December 1980: George Beel, 80, scored a club record 178 league goals for Burnley between 1923 and 1932. His career spanned from 1919 to 1933 and took in a total of 243 league goals. He also turned out for Lincoln City (twice), Merthyr Town, Chesterfield and Rochdale.
3 February 1981: Sammy Crooks, 73, played 408 league games on the right wing for Derby County between 1927 and 1947 after signing from Durham City. He played for the Rams in the first five rounds of the FA Cup in 1946 but a knee injury prevented him from playing in the final. He managed Shrewsbury Town in their first four seasons in the Football League and also managed four different non-league sides. He was capped 26 times by England in the 1930s and scored seven goals.
4 February 1981: Joe Jacques, 36, made more than 300 league appearances in defence for Lincoln City, Darlington, Southend United, Gillingham and Hartlepool United between 1964 and 1976. He began his professional career in 1959 with Preston but failed to make a league appearance for them in five years.
16 March 1981: Reg Spencer, 72, played 261 games at left-half for his only club Tranmere Rovers in the 1930s.
6 April 1981: Des Harlock, 58, played 150 league games for Tranmere Rovers as a right-winger between 1946 and 1954 after signing from Liverpool in 1945, his league debut delayed until his 24th year due to the war.
10 May 1981: Bert Lyons, 79, played 76 league games for Orient between 1926 and 1930 before signing for Tottenham Hotspur and completing his league career with 54 league games in three years.
16 June 1981: Billy Hughes, 63, played 200 league games between 1935 and 1951 for Birmingham City, Luton Town and Chelsea in a career which was disrupted by the war. He was capped ten times by Wales.
20 June 1981: Billy Charlton, 80, scored 103 league goals as a left-winger for South Shields, West Ham United, Newport County, Cardiff City and finally Tranmere Rovers, 72 of those goals coming for his final club.
References
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1980%E2%80%9381%20in%20English%20football
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Pilger (2016 population: ) is a village in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within the Rural Municipality of Three Lakes No. 400 and Census Division No. 15. It is approximately northeast of the City of Saskatoon. The village offers a bar and restaurant (Pilger Tavern), the Pilger Public Library, an autobody shop, and Pilger General Store offering groceries, fuel and more.
History
Pilger incorporated as a village on January 1, 1969.
Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Pilger had a population of living in of its total private dwellings, a change of from its 2016 population of . With a land area of , it had a population density of in 2021.
In the 2016 Census of Population, the Village of Pilger recorded a population of living in of its total private dwellings, a change from its 2011 population of . With a land area of , it had a population density of in 2016.
Climate
Culture
Pilger is home to the Annual Pilger Pumpkin Growing Contest. The festival is held on the last Saturday of September, and hosts over 500 attendees every year.
See also
List of communities in Saskatchewan
Villages of Saskatchewan
References
External links
Canada's Local Histories search page
Pilger Pumpkin Festival
Villages in Saskatchewan
Three Lakes No. 400, Saskatchewan
Division No. 15, Saskatchewan
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilger%2C%20Saskatchewan
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Mid Staffordshire was a parliamentary constituency in the United Kingdom from 1983 until 1997.
It covered a swathe of territory across the centre of Staffordshire, stretching from Lichfield and Rugeley in the south to Stone in the north.
At the 1983 general election, the seat was won by John Heddle of the Conservative Party, who had previously represented the Lichfield and Tamworth constituency. Heddle held the seat at the 1987 general election.
Following Heddle's suicide in December 1989, a by-election followed on 22 March 1990. The by-election attracted a blaze of publicity, and a large number of candidates (14), as it took place at the height of the public dissatisfaction with the Conservative government over the Community Charge or Poll Tax (indeed, the notorious Poll Tax Riots took place only days after the by-election). Sylvia Heal of the Labour Party was victorious in the by-election; however she failed to retain the seat at the 1992 general election, losing to the Conservatives' Michael Fabricant.
In 1997, a review by the Boundary Commission reorganised the constituencies in Staffordshire, and Mid Staffordshire was abolished. It was replaced by parts of four constituencies: mostly by the Lichfield and Stone constituencies, apart from Rugeley which was included in Cannock Chase, and the area around the village of Great Haywood which was covered by the Stafford constituency. Michael Fabricant became MP for Lichfield at the 1997 general election.
Boundaries
The District of Lichfield wards of Armitage with Handsacre, Central, Chadsmead, Colton and Ridwares, Curborough, King's Bromley, Longdon, Leomansley, St John's, and Stowe, the Borough of Stafford wards of Barlaston, Chartley, Fulford, Haywood, Milwich, Oulton, St Michael's, and Stonefield and Christchurch, and the District of Cannock Chase wards of Brereton and Ravenhill, Brindley Heath, Etching Hill, Hagley, and Western Springs.
Members of Parliament
Elections
Elections in the 1980s
Elections in the 1990s
Notes and references
Sources
United Kingdom Election Results
Parliamentary constituencies in Staffordshire (historic)
Borough of Stafford
Politics of Lichfield
Cannock Chase District
Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom established in 1983
Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom disestablished in 1997
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mid%20Staffordshire%20%28UK%20Parliament%20constituency%29
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Petrolheads is a BBC television panel game presented by Neil Morrissey, with team captains Richard Hammond and Chris Barrie. The show pitted motoring wits against each other and included car stunts shot on location. There were two guests each episode. The show was produced by Brian Klein (Top Gear), directed by John L Spencer and executive producers were Marie-Claire Walton and Steve Ayres. The theme music was by British composer Leigh Haggerwood. It was created and scripted by author Norman Giller, with input from Top Gear writer Richard Porter and comedy scriptwriter Ged Parsons.
Episode list
The coloured backgrounds denote the result of each of the shows:
– Indicates Chris's team won
– Indicates Richard's team won
References
External links
2006 British television series debuts
2006 British television series endings
BBC panel games
BBC television game shows
British panel games
2000s British game shows
Automotive television series
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrolheads
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The Bangladesh Under-19 cricket team represents the nation of Bangladesh in cricket at Under-19 level. The team has won one Under-19 World Cups. The nation have been playing youth official Test match since 2004 and they were known as Young Tigers.
Current squad
The current squad is announced 26 June 2023 by BCB.
Records & statistics
International match summary-Bangladesh
As of 17 July 2023
Youth Test statistics
Youth Test record versus other nations.
Record complete to Youth Tests #292.Last updated 3 May 2023.
Youth ODI statistics
Youth ODI record versus other nations.
Records complete to YODI #1457.Last updated 17 July 2023.
Youth T20 statistics
Youth T20I record versus other nations.
Records complete to YT20I #16. Last updated 17 May 2023.
Supporting staff
Head Coach — Stuart Law
Manager — Sajal Ahmed Chowdhury
Batting Coach: Wasim Jaffer
Bowling Coach — Talha Jubair
Fielding Coach — Sohel Islam
Training and Strengthening coach – Richard Stonier
Team physio — Muzadded Alpha Sany
ACC Under-19 Asia Cup record
Under-19 World Cup record
Records in Under-19 World Cup
Highest team totals
Lowest team totals
Most career matches
Most career runs
Highest individual runs
Most career wickets
Best bowling figures
Overall records
2020 Under-19 Cricket World Cup
In the 2020 World Cup, Bangladesh were group champion with 2 wins and a no result where they were placed along with Pakistan, Zimbabwe and Scotland. In the Super league Quarter final, they defeated the host South Africa by 104 runs and defeated New Zealand by 6 wickets in the Semi-final to reach the final for the first ever time.
Final
In the final, India, batting first gathered 177 runs before being all out. In reply, Bangladesh made a flying start as they scored 55 runs losing only a wicket in first 10 overs. Soon Indian leggie Ravi Bishnoi picked up 4 quick wickets as Bangladesh were 102 for 6 from 62/2 at the end of 25 overs. When Bangladesh were 163/7 at the end of 41 overs and the still needing 15 runs to win, rain arrives and the match was reduced to 46 overs with a revised target as per DLS method was 7 runs needing from 30 balls. From thereon, Bangladesh did not take any unnecessary risks and scored the winning run with 23 balls to spare and win their first ever ICC title by 3 wickets.
Team of the final
Akbar Ali (c & wk), Towhid Hridoy (vc), Parvez Hossain Emon, Mahmudul Hasan Joy, Tanzid Hasan, Avishek Das, Shahadat Hossain, Shamim Hossain, Tanzim Hasan Sakib, Shoriful Islam, Rakibul Hasan.
See also
Bangladesh national cricket team
Bangladesh women's national cricket team
Bangladesh A cricket team
Bangladesh national under-23 cricket team
Bangladesh women's national under-19 cricket team
References
External links
ESPNcricinfo – 2012 Under-19 World Cup
Under-19 cricket teams
Bangladesh in international cricket
National sports teams of Bangladesh
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh%20national%20under-19%20cricket%20team
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Qutaibi ( ) or the Qutaibi Sheikhdom ( ) was a polity in the western Aden Protectorate. It was a dependency of the Emirate of Dhala and is now part of the Republic of Yemen. In 1964, during the Aden Emergency, Qutaibi tribesmen attacked British troops in the Radfan Hills area and became known as the "Red Wolves" for their ferocity in combat.
External links
"Tracking the 'Red Wolves of Radfan': from 1964 through 1967"
Map of Arabia (1905-1923) including the states of Aden Protectorate
History of Yemen
Former countries in the Middle East
Former monarchies of Asia
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qutaibi
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The Mercury 13 were thirteen American women who took part in a privately funded program run by William Randolph Lovelace II aiming to test and screen women for spaceflight. The participants—First Lady Astronaut Trainees (or FLATs) as Jerrie Cobb called them—successfully underwent the same physiological screening tests as had the astronauts selected by NASA on April 9, 1959, for Project Mercury. While Lovelace called the project Woman in Space Program, the thirteen women became later known as the Mercury 13—a term coined in 1995 by Hollywood producer James Cross as a comparison to the Mercury Seven astronauts. The Mercury 13 women were not part of NASA's official astronaut program, never flew in space as part of a NASA mission, and never met as a whole group.
In the 1960s some of these women were among those who lobbied the White House and US Congress to have women included in the astronaut program. They testified before a congressional committee in 1962. In 1963, Clare Boothe Luce wrote an article for LIFE magazine publicizing the women and criticizing NASA for its failure to include women as astronauts.
One of the thirteen, Wally Funk, was launched into space in a suborbital flight aboard Blue Origin's July 20, 2021 New Shepard 4 mission Flight 16, making her the (then) oldest person to go into space at age 82. The story of these women was celebrated in numerous books, exhibits, and movies, including the 2018 Netflix-produced documentary Mercury 13.
History
When NASA first planned to put people in space, they believed that the best candidates would be pilots, submarine crews or members of expeditions to the Antarctic or Arctic areas. They also thought people with more extreme sports backgrounds, such as parachuting, climbing, deep sea diving, etc. would excel in the program.
NASA knew that numerous people would apply for this opportunity and testing would be expensive. President Dwight Eisenhower believed that military test pilots would make the best astronauts and had already passed rigorous testing and training within the government. This greatly altered the testing requirements and shifted the history of who was chosen to go to space originally.
William Randolph Lovelace II, former Flight Surgeon and later, chairman of the NASA Special Advisory Committee on Life Science, helped develop the tests for NASA's male astronauts and became curious to know how women would do taking the same tests. In 1960, Lovelace and Air Force Brig. General Don Flickinger invited Geraldyn "Jerrie" Cobb, known as an accomplished pilot, to undergo the same rigorous challenges as the men.
Lovelace became interested in beginning this program because he was a medical doctor who had done the NASA physical testing for the official program. He was able to fund the unofficial program, the Woman in Space program, and invited up to 25 women to come and take the physical tests. Lovelace was interested in the way that women's bodies would react to being in space. The program was hidden from the public eye; the Mercury 13 were not reported in any major publications. However, they were not entirely unknown.
Cobb was the first American woman (and the only one of the Mercury 13) to undergo and pass all three phases of testing. Lovelace and Cobb recruited 19 more women to take the tests, financed by the husband of world-renowned aviator Jacqueline Cochran. Thirteen of the women passed the same tests as the Mercury 7. Some were disqualified due to brain or heart anomalies. The results were announced at the second International Symposium on Submarine and Space Medicine in Stockholm, Sweden on August 18, 1960.
Candidate background
All of the candidates were accomplished pilots; Lovelace and Cobb reviewed the records of more than 700 women pilots in order to select candidates. They did not invite anyone with fewer than 1,000 hours of flight experience. Some of the women may have been recruited through the Ninety-Nines, a women pilot's organization of which Cobb was also a member. Some women responded after hearing about the opportunity through friends. This group of women, whom Jerrie Cobb called the First Lady Astronaut Trainees (FLATs), accepted the challenge to be tested for a research program.
Wally Funk wrote an article saying that, given the secrecy of the testing, not all of the women candidates knew each other throughout their years of preparation. It was not until 1994 that ten of the Mercury 13 were introduced to each other for the first time.
Phase I tests
Nineteen women took astronaut fitness examinations given by the Lovelace Clinic in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Unlike NASA's male candidates, who competed in groups, the women did their tests alone or in pairs. Because doctors did not know all the conditions which astronauts might encounter in space, they had to guess what tests might be required. These ranged from typical X-rays and general body physicals to the atypical; for instance, the women had to swallow a rubber tube in order to test the level of their stomach acids. Doctors tested the reflexes in the ulnar nerve of the woman's forearms by using electric shock. To induce vertigo, ice water was shot into their ears, freezing the inner ear so doctors could time how quickly they recovered. The women were pushed to exhaustion while riding specially weighted stationary bicycles, in order to test their respiration. They subjected themselves to many more invasive and uncomfortable tests.
The 13
In the end, thirteen women passed the same Phase I physical examinations that the Lovelace Foundation had developed as part of NASA's astronaut selection process. Those thirteen women were:
Myrtle Cagle
Jerrie Cobb
Janet Dietrich
Marion Dietrich
Wally Funk
Sarah Gorelick (later Ratley)
Jane "Janey" Briggs Hart
Jean Hixson
Rhea Woltman
Gene Nora Stumbough (later Jessen)
Irene Leverton
Jerri Sloan (later Truhill)
Bernice Steadman
At 41, Jane Hart was the oldest candidate, and was the mother of eight. Wally Funk was the youngest, at 23. Marion and Janet Dietrich were twin sisters.
Additional tests and termination of the program
A few women took additional tests. Jerrie Cobb, Rhea Hurrle, and Wally Funk went to Oklahoma City, Oklahoma for Phase II testing, consisting of an isolation tank test and psychological evaluations. Because of other family and job commitments, not all of the women were able to take these tests. Once Cobb had passed the Phase III tests (advanced aeromedical examinations using military equipment and jet aircraft), the group prepared to gather in Pensacola, Florida at the Naval School of Aviation Medicine to follow suit. Two of the women quit their jobs in order to be able to attend. A few days before they were to report, however, the women received telegrams abruptly canceling the Pensacola testing. Without an official NASA request to run the tests, the United States Navy would not allow the use of its facilities for such an unofficial project.
Funk reportedly also completed the third phase of testing, but this claim is misleading. Following NASA's cancellation of the tests, she found ways to continue being tested. She did complete most of the Phase III tests, but only by individual actions, not as part of a specific program. Cobb passed all the training exercises, ranking in the top 2% of all astronaut candidates of both genders.
Regardless of the women's achievements in testing, NASA continued to exclude women as astronaut candidates for years. Despite the Soviet advancement to put the first woman in space in 1963 after Yuri Gagarin's orbit in 1961, the men who testified at the hearing were unmotivated. Any threat to the "patriotic chronology" of the American schedule would be considered an "impediment" or "interruption".
House Committee Hearing on Gender Discrimination
When the Pensacola testing was cancelled, Jerrie Cobb immediately flew to Washington, D.C. to try to have the testing program resumed. She and Janey Hart wrote to President John F. Kennedy and visited Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson. Finally, on 17 and 18 July 1962, Representative Victor Anfuso (D-NY) convened public hearings before a special Subcommittee of the House Committee on Science and Astronautics. Significantly, the hearings investigated the possibility of gender discrimination two years before passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 that made such actions illegal.
Cobb and Hart testified about the benefits of Lovelace's private project. Jacqueline Cochran largely undermined their testimony, talking about her concerns that setting up a special program to train a woman astronaut could hurt the space program. She proposed a project with a large group of women, and expected a significant amount to drop out due to reasons like "marriage, childbirth, and other causes". Though Cochran initially supported the program, she was later responsible for delaying further phases of testing, and letters from her to members of the Navy and NASA expressing concern over whether the program was to be run properly and in accordance with NASA goals may have significantly contributed to the eventual cancellation of the program. It is generally accepted that Cochran turned against the program out of concern that she would no longer be the most prominent female aviator.
NASA representatives George Low and Astronauts John Glenn and Scott Carpenter testified that under NASA's selection criteria women could not qualify as astronaut candidates. Glenn also believed that "The fact that women are not in this field is a fact of our social order." They correctly stated that NASA required all astronauts to be graduates of military jet test piloting programs and have engineering degrees, although John Glenn conceded that he had been assigned to NASA's Mercury Project without having earned the required college degree. In 1962, women were still barred from Air Force training schools, so no American women could become test pilots of military jets. Despite the fact that several of the Mercury 13 had been employed as civilian test pilots, and many had considerably more propeller aircraft flying time than the male astronaut candidates (although not in high-performance jets, like the men), NASA refused to consider granting an equivalency for their hours in the more basic propeller aircraft, it was presumed at the time that training and experience in piloting jet and rocket aircraft, such as the X-15 then being developed, would be "most useful for transition to spacecraft." Jan Dietrich had accumulated 8,000 hours, Mary Wallace Funk 3,000 hours, Irene Leverton 9,000+, and Jerrie Cobb 10,000+. Although some members of the Subcommittee were sympathetic to the women's arguments because of this disparity in accepted experience, no action resulted.
Executive Assistant to Vice President Lyndon Johnson, Liz Carpenter, drafted a letter to NASA administrator James E. Webb questioning these requirements, but Johnson did not send the letter, instead writing across it, "Let's stop this now!"
The pilot paradox
The qualifications for prospective astronauts had been a point of contention after the creation of NASA in 1958. The proposition for astronauts to have a background as a pilot was a logical choice, specifically test pilots with a disposition to train and learn to fly new craft designs. The consensus sought jet test pilots from the military, a field where women were not allowed at the time, and by default excluded from consideration. However, NASA also required potential astronauts to hold college degrees – a qualification that John Glenn of the Mercury 7 group did not possess. Although Glenn had begun studying chemistry at Muskingum College in 1939, when the United States entered World War II he left college before completing his final year to enlist in the U.S. Navy, demonstrating that NASA was sometimes willing to make exceptions to these requirements. The larger issue behind this pretense, recognized by Glenn and the overall fight of the Mercury 13, was the organization of social order. Change was needed for women to be considered, but vehemently resisted in secrecy by those already benefiting from their gender-supported positions. Little to no support ever surfaced for the merit, strength, or intellect women possessed for the role of an astronaut, despite the evidence for the contrary. Some obvious concerns for NASA during the space race included, but were not limited to, oxygen consumption and weight for the drag effect on takeoff. After the undeniable success of their testing, the FLATs were no longer having to prove their physical and psychological fitness. They were pushing the 'social order' to convince NASA that women had a right to hold the same roles men were granted as astronauts. It was not until 1972 that an amendment to Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 finally granted women legal assistance for entering the realm of space. By 1978, the jet fighter pilot requirement was no longer an obstacle for women candidates. NASA had its first class with women that year. They were admitted into a new category of astronaut, the mission specialist.
Media attention
Lovelace's privately funded women's testing project received renewed media attention when Soviet cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova became the first woman in space on June 16, 1963. In response, Clare Boothe Luce published an article in Life criticizing NASA and American decision-makers. By including photographs of all thirteen Lovelace finalists, she made the names of all thirteen women public for the first time. On June 17, 1963 New York Times published Jerrie Cobb's comments following the Soviet launch, saying it was "a shame that since we are eventually going to put a woman into space, we didn't go ahead and do it first."
There have been countless newspaper articles, films, and books made about the Mercury 13, but they were never featured on the front page or front runner of any media network. Those opposing the inclusion of women in training as astronauts created an environment where women could be seen to possess either the "virtue of patience" or the "vice of impatience" in terms of U.S. success in the space race.
The media often portrayed the women as unqualified candidates due to their frail and emotional structure that implies that they cannot undergo the severity that men do. On the day of July 17, 1962, a hearing was set in place for Jerrie Cobb's and Jane Hart's testimony. In further detail, Almost Astronauts: 13 Women Who Dared to Dream, justifies the hearings and statements done by the two as well as the reporters and the press. Their testimonies make inquiries about the discrimination among women and that their talents should not be prejudged or prequalified due to the fact that they are not men. A scientific writer of The Dallas Times Herald went so far as to plead with Mr. Vice President Johnson to allow women to "wear pants and shoot pool, but please do not let them into space."
First American female astronaut
Although both Cobb and Cochran made separate appeals for years afterwards to restart a women's astronaut testing project, the U.S. civil space agency did not select any female astronaut candidates until Astronaut Group 8 in 1978, which selected astronauts for the operational Space Shuttle program. Astronaut Sally Ride became the first American woman in space in 1983 on STS-7, and Eileen Collins was the first woman to pilot the Space Shuttle during STS-63 in 1995. Collins also became the first woman to command a Space Shuttle mission during STS-93 in 1999. In 2005, she commanded NASA's return to flight mission, STS-114. At Collins' invitation, seven of the surviving Lovelace finalists attended her first launch, ten of the FLATs attended her first command mission, and she has flown mementos for almost all of them. BBC News reported that if it wasn't for the rules that further restrained them from flying, then the first woman to go to space could have been an American.
Collins on becoming an astronaut: "When I was very young and first started reading about astronauts, there were no female astronauts." She was inspired while she was a child by the Mercury astronauts and by the time she was in high school and college, more opportunities were opening up for women who wanted a part in aviation. Collins then tried out the Air Force and during her very first month's training exercises her base was visited by the newest astronaut class. This class was the first to include women. From that point, she knew that "I wanted to be part of our nation's space program. It's the greatest adventure on this planet – or off the planet, for that matter. I wanted to fly the Space Shuttle."
Other notable influences
The first woman in space, Russian cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova, was arguably less qualified than the FLATs having no qualifications as a pilot or scientist. Upon meeting Jerrie Cobb, Tereshkova told her that she was her role model and asked "we always figured you would be first. What happened?"
Honors and awards
In May 2007, the eight surviving members of the group were awarded honorary doctorates by the University of Wisconsin–Oshkosh.
The Mercury 13 were awarded the Adler Planetarium Women in Space Science Award in 2005.
Jerrie Cobb was acknowledged in Clare Boothe Luce's Life article, highlighting her various flying awards and achieving four major world records.
In 1959, she established the world record for long-distance nonstop flight and the record of the world light-plane speed.
In 1960, she was given the acknowledgement for the altitude record of a lightweight aircraft flown at about 37,010 feet.
On July 1, 2021, Blue Origin announced that Wally Funk would fly to space on the first crewed flight of New Shepard. Funk, 82, flew the suborbital flight on July 20, 2021, and became the oldest person to fly to space.
In popular culture
The #1 issue of the Marvel comic Captain Marvel (2012) features a fictionalized Mercury 13 participant named Helen Cobb as one of Carol Danvers's heroes.
An episode of the 2015 ABC series The Astronaut Wives Club features a fictional account of the FLATs.
A 2007 documentary She Should Have Gone to the Moon by Ulrike Kubbatta
A 2018 documentary Mercury 13 by David Sington for Netflix
In the 2019 Apple TV+ miniseries For All Mankind, two fictional members of the Mercury 13 are chosen as female astronaut candidates after the Soviets land the first woman on the Moon.
Literature about or referencing the group
Amelia Earhart's Daughters: the Wild and Glorious Story of American Women Aviators from World War II to the Dawn of the Space Age, by Leslie Haynsworth and David Toomey
Right Stuff, Wrong Sex: America's First Women in Space Program by Margaret A. Weitekamp
The Mercury 13: The True Story of Thirteen Women and the Dream of Space Flight by Martha Ackmann
Almost Astronauts: 13 Women Who Dared to Dream by Tanya Lee Stone
Promised the Moon: The Untold Story of the First Women in the Space Race by Stephanie Nolan
Wally Funk's Race for Space: The Extraordinary Story of a Female Aviation Pioneer by Sue Nelson
Women in Space: 23 Stories of First Flights, Scientific Missions, and Gravity-Breaking Adventures (Women of Action) by Karen Bush Gibson
Fighting for Space: Two Pilots and Their Historic Battle for Female Spaceflight by Amy Shira Teitel
Past and current parallels
"Before their time"
Reflecting on the events of 1962 and the outcome of the Mercury 13, astronaut Scott Carpenter said, "NASA never had any intention of putting those women in space. The whole idea was foisted upon it, and it was happy to have the research data, but those women were before their time." Despite the importance of the physiological data collected during the 1960-61 testing of the women, it was subsequently lost and the research had to be repeated in the 1970s.
Reflecting on the exclusion of women from training as jet fighter pilots, The United States Air Force explicitly would not test women for high-altitude flight for lack of pressure suits in the correct sizes. Their response to the initial testing of female astronauts was that women could not become astronauts "because they had nothing to wear."
In March 2019, NASA announced that there would be the first all-female spacewalk on the 29th of that month performed at the International Space Station. Anne McClain and Christina Koch were supposed to make history that day, but complications arose when there was a lack of spacesuit availability. NASA has had issues when it comes to spacesuit sizes claiming that they only come in medium, large and extra-large sizes. In the 1990s, NASA stopped making spacesuit sizes in small due to technical glitches. This had a huge impact on women astronauts and later led to the cancellation. The long-delayed first all-female spacewalk finally occurred on October 18, 2019, with Koch and Jessica Meir performing the task, and astronaut Stephanie Wilson acting as Capcom.
See also
Valentina Tereshkova, first woman in space
Svetlana Savitskaya, second woman in space and the first to do a spacewalk
Sally Ride, first American woman in space
Women in NASA
Notes
References
External links
Mercury 13 web site
NPR feature on the FLATs
Alexis Madrigal, "The Women Who Would Have Been Sally Ride", The Atlantic, July 24, 2012. (Tagline: "The truth is: the sexism of the day overwhelmed the science of the day.")
Mercury 13: the untold story of women testing for spaceflight in the 1960s, Adam Gabbatt, The Guardian, April 18, 2018
Project Mercury
Human subject research
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercury%2013
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The New Zealand Under-19 cricket team have been playing official Under-19 test matches since 1986. Former captains of the team include Stephen Fleming, Craig McMillan, Chris Cairns, Brendon McCullum, and Ross Taylor
New Zealand's coach for the 2020 Under-19 Cricket World Cup is Paul Wiseman. Previous coaches have included Robert Carter (appointed 2014) and Mark Greatbatch (appointed 2001).
New Zealand's best World Cup result occurred at the 1998 event in South Africa, where they lost to England in the final by seven wickets.
Under-19 World Cup record
References
Under-19 World Cup 2014 Squad
1986 establishments in New Zealand
Under-19 cricket teams
Cricket clubs established in 1986
C
New Zealand in international cricket
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20Zealand%20national%20under-19%20cricket%20team
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The following is the list of episodes from the American prime time television soap opera Falcon Crest, which aired for nine seasons on CBS from December 4, 1981 to May 17, 1990.
Series overview
Episodes
Season 1 (1981–82)
Season 2 (1982–83)
{{Episode table |background=#E38181 |overall=5 |season=5 |title=17 |director=14 |writer=29 |airdate=14 |prodcode=16 |episodes=
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber=21
|EpisodeNumber2=3
|Title=Troubled Waters
|DirectedBy=Harry Harris
|WrittenBy=Stephen Black & Henry Stern
|OriginalAirDate=
|ProdCode=203
|ShortSummary=Richard Channing aggressively seeks to buy the Agretti land. During a dinner, he provokes Carlo into splashing wine in his face. Carlo also clashes with Lance and Angela over Lance's disrespect towards Melissa. Chase tries to sell wine to Canada than another distributor and Angela agrees. At a session of the Board of Supervisors, Angela claims that the water in Falcon Crest's reservoirs is tainted. The county health inspector confirms this but, after pressure from Chase, issues another report declaring the water safe. Maggie, working on a screenplay for Hollywood, is suffering from writer's block. Mario and his mother leave the valley, leaving a devastated Vickie running home. After another clash with Cole, Carlo surprisingly phones Cole to apologize and invites him over to see Melissa. Unbeknownst to Cole, Carlo did at the point of a gun. When Cole arrives at the Agretti mansion, he finds Carlo dead on the floor. He immediately calls an ambulance but becomes the prime suspect in the process. News of the murder reaches Angela and Melissa during a meeting of The Globe'''s board of directors.
|LineColor=#E38181
}}
}}
Season 3 (1983–84)
{{Episode table |background=#81A6E3 |overall=5 |season=5 |title=18 |director=14 |writer=29 |airdate=14 |prodcode=16 |episodes=
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber=41
|EpisodeNumber2=1
|Title=Cimmerian Dawn
|DirectedBy=Harry Harris
|WrittenBy=Robert McCullough
|OriginalAirDate=
|ProdCode=172201
|ShortSummary=The Channings and Giobertis, including Chase's cousin, Dr. Michael Ranson (Cliff Robertson), attend the funeral of Jacqueline Perrault. After they left, Richard also pays his respects to his mother. He also exploits Julia shooting his mother on The Globe's front page. The revelation that Julia murdered Carlo Agretti also drives a wedge between Lance and Melissa, who resumes her affair with Richard. In jail, Julia rebuffs her mother's attempts to get her released on bail. She also reveals (to Emma and Chase) that she had secret affair with Carlo and that he threatened to make the affair public if Julia wouldn't help him take over Falcon Crest. Julia also starts to run into trouble with fellow inmates. At the hospital, Chase eventually wakes from his coma but finds himself paralyzed.
|LineColor=#81A6E3
}}
}}
Season 4 (1984–85)
Season 5 (1985–86)
When this new season began, Falcon Crest had started with the regular practice a recap to remind the viewers of the previous episode's recollections, before a short sneak preview of the new episode, prior to the main title. Midway throughout the season, Jane Wyman had been absent for only 2 episodes, due to her abdominal surgery.
Season 6 (1986–87)
This was Robert Foxworth's final year, during which he also directed some episodes. Midway throughout the season, Michael Reagan, Jane Wyman's real-life son, had a recurring role as the concierge in a hotel.
Season 7 (1987–88)
Due to the largest number of rotating guests on Falcon Crest, and of budget constraints, five main characters (Brett Cullen, Margaret Ladd, John Callahan, Dana Sparks and Chao-Li Chi) didn't appear in several episodes of this season.
Season 8 (1988–89)
The show focused heavily on the new cast members (Kristian Alfonso, David Beecroft, Brandon Douglas, Cástulo Guerra and Danny Nucci). Two of the former cast members (Robert Foxworth and Abby Dalton) did not return. Ana Alicia played two different characters and Jane Wyman's poor health resulted in the show's episodes being reduced from 28 to 22.
Season 9 (1989–90)
This is the final season of Falcon Crest'' and the only season in which Jane Wyman does not appear in nearly every episode, due to her ongoing health problems. The show went into a different direction by adding 2 new cast members (Gregory Harrison and Wendy Phillips), who replaced Susan Sullivan. Against her doctors' orders, Jane Wyman appeared for the show's final 3 episodes.
Ratings
References
External links
Episodes
Lists of American drama television series episodes
Lists of soap opera episodes
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Falcon%20Crest%20episodes
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Griffon Aerospace is an aerospace company located in Madison, Alabama with additional offices located in Fort Bliss, TX. Griffon designs, develops, and operates aerospace systems including manned and unmanned aircraft, UAV ground support systems, and advanced composite structures. Griffon has produced over 6000 unmanned air vehicles for a variety of customers from US DoD, Foreign Military Sales, Commercial Businesses, and University research labs.
Aircraft
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Outlaw G2E
Outlaw SeaHunter
Targets
BroadSword
The BroadSword, also known as the BroadSword MQM-171A, is an unmanned aircraft system (UAS) developed to represent a generic tactical class unmanned aircraft system that could be deployed against the U.S. and allied forces in the field.
BroadSword is a 500-pound class, 17-foot wingspan aircraft.
Outlaw G1
Outlaw G2
The Outlaw G2 also known as the Outlaw MQM-170C G2 is an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and the successor to the Outlaw G1.
The G2 utilizes many of the key components from the G1, such as the engine, radio and autopilot control systems.
These components are integrated into a larger fuselage that offers increased aerodynamic efficiency and enhanced visual signature, along with a bigger payload area and increased fuel capacity.
The Outlaw G2 is used primarily for weapon systems training in countering airborne threats. The U.S. Army's current, interim and future forces use the RPVT to train Soldiers and where appropriate, test new weapon systems and procedures to counter asymmetric threats including unmanned aircraft systems (UAS).
Legacy Vehicles
Lionheart
History
Established in 1995 by Larry French, the company was formed to design, develop, and manufacture a manned composite kit aircraft.
Griffon's first aircraft was the single-engined six seat Lionheart. The design and development began at Larry's home in Harvest, Alabama where he worked designing and developing a composite aircraft formed around the Pratt & Whitney R-985 450 horsepower radial engine. The stagger wing design pays compliment to the classic Beechcraft 17 Staggerwing.
Pre-sales of the Lionheart took place in 1995 and 1996 at the annual Experimental Aircraft Show at Oshkosh. Lionheart's first flight was 28 July 1997 and 48 hours later it flew into Oshkosh. The aircraft was featured on the cover of the October 1997 Kit Planes Magazine. Enough orders were placed for Larry French to take on Griffon Aerospace as his full-time occupation. The company moved into a facility at 901 Nick Fitchard in Huntsville. Griffon also gained some investors who provided working capital for the new company.
In 2002, Griffon began to expand into composite structures for NASA applications through a subcontract with Northrop Grumman for composite cryogenic tanks. During that same time period, Griffon also began designing a prototype 130-pound gross weight unmanned aircraft eventually designated the MQM-170A Outlaw. In February 2003, Griffon submitted a proposal in response to the US Army AMCOM Remotely Piloted Vehicle Target (RPVT) offering and Griffon was awarded the RPVT contract in August 2003. A few months later Lockheed awarded Griffon a large contract to build a full-scale composite Crew Capsule.
In 2004, the addition of the US Army's new five-year RPVT production contract allowed Griffon Aerospace to expand, producing between 50 and 80 Outlaw aircraft per month at one point. Griffon also put together flight crews to fly the unmanned aircraft for the US Army and foreign military customers. As of 2012 Griffon has produced over 3,000 unmanned aircraft and has flown over 110,000 sorties and maintained a loss rate under 1%.
In 2009, Griffon Aerospace won the recompete for the Outlaw MQM-170A. Also in 2009, Griffon was awarded a sole-source contract for the MQM-171A Broadsword a 600-pound gross weight unmanned aircraft. Also in 2009, the US Navy also awarded Griffon Aerospace a contract for the manufacture, operation, and maintenance of a modified version of the Outlaw MQM-170A, as of 2012, Griffon has delivered 500 US Navy aircraft. As of 2018 Griffon has produced over 5,400 UAV aircraft.
In August 2012, Griffon was awarded a large id/iq contract for aerial target services with US Army Target Management Office. Griffon was awarded the Northrop Supplier of the Year for 2009 for its advanced composite work on the NASA MLAS program. In October 2012, Griffon was awarded a multimillion-dollar subcontract from Northrop Grumman to build a sub-scale tank for a NASA risk reduction program.
Griffon introduced its Outlaw G2 Aircraft at the 2012 AUVSI show in Las Vegas. The G2 aircraft will replace the current MQM-170A model aircraft.
In April 2010, Griffon Aerospace and US Army officials rolled out their second UAV system, the BroadSword.
Gallery
References
External links
Press Release – US Army Awards Griffon Aerospace 5-year Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) Contract
Griffon Aerospace page on Al.com
The Outlaw page on peostri.army.mil
aviationweek.com
Aircraft manufacturers of the United States
1995 establishments in Alabama
Manufacturing companies established in 1995
Manufacturing companies based in Alabama
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Griffon%20Aerospace
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General Sir Archibald James Murray, (23 April 1860 – 21 January 1945) was a British Army officer who served in the Second Boer War and the First World War. He was Chief of Staff to the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) in August 1914 but appears to have suffered a physical breakdown in the retreat from Mons, and was required to step down from that position in January 1915. After serving as Deputy Chief of the Imperial General Staff for much of 1915, he was briefly Chief of the Imperial General Staff from September to December 1915. He was subsequently Commander-in-Chief of the Egyptian Expeditionary Force from January 1916 to June 1917, in which role he laid the military foundation for the defeat and destruction of the Ottoman Empire in the Arabian Peninsula and the Levant.
Army career
Born the son of Charles Murray and Anne Murray (née Graves), and educated at Cheltenham College and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, Archibald Murray was commissioned into the 27th Regiment on 13 August 1879. He was appointed adjutant of his regiment on 12 February 1886. After promotion to captain on 1 July 1887 and taking part in the suppression of a Zulu uprising in 1888, he became adjutant of the 4th Battalion, the Bedfordshire Regiment on 15 December 1890. He attended Staff College, Camberley, in 1897.
Promoted to major on 1 June 1898, Murray served in the Second Boer War as Deputy Assistant Adjutant-General for Intelligence in Natal from 9 October 1899 and then as chief of staff to the commander there. He took part in the withdrawal from Dundee and then the siege of Ladysmith in late 1899 and became senior staff officer to Sir Archibald Hunter, General Officer Commanding 10th Division, early in 1900. He was appointed Assistant Adjutant-General on 6 March 1900, promoted to lieutenant colonel on 29 October 1900 and awarded the Distinguished Service Order on 29 November 1900. He was again mentioned in despatches in February 1901.
Murray was appointed Commanding Officer of the 2nd Battalion Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers, stationed in India, in October 1901, but never took up this position. He was deployed to Northern Transvaal in February 1902 where he was seriously wounded in April 1902 and mentioned in despatches once more in July 1902. After the end of hostilities in South Africa, he returned to England in June 1902, and became Assistant Adjutant-General at Headquarters 1st Division at Aldershot on 3 November 1902. Promoted to colonel on 29 October 1903, he was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath in the King's Birthday Honours 1904 and a Commander of the Royal Victorian Order on 12 June 1907.
Murray became Director of Military Training at the War Office on 9 November 1907 and, having been promoted to major general on 13 July 1910, he was advanced to Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath in the Coronation Honours in June 1911. He also took part in the procession for the coronation of King George V on 22 June 1911. Murray became Inspector of Infantry on 9 December 1912. At the General Staff Conference in January 1914 he rejected proposals to adopt what he saw as a stereotyped French fire-and-movement doctrine. He then briefly commanded 2nd Division from 1 February 1914.
Chief of Staff, British Expeditionary Force, France and Belgium
Appointment
When the First World War started in July 1914 Murray was not appointed QuarterMaster-General of the British Expeditionary Force as was originally intended. Instead he became Chief of Staff. Murray had already earned a high reputation as a staff officer in South Africa and under French at the War Office. It is sometimes claimed that Murray was given the position largely because French's initial choice for the post, Wilson, was vetoed because of his role in the Curragh Affair. Although this claim was made after the war by Edmonds, Kirke (in his memoir of Macdonogh) and Murray, there is no contemporary evidence, even in Wilson's diary, to confirm it (unlike January 1915, when Wilson was certainly blocked from succeeding Murray for political reasons).
Wilson, Sir John French (BEF Commander-in-Chief) and Murray crossed to France on 14 August. The code books had been left behind in London, and Lieutenant Spears had to go back to London for another set. He returned to find Murray at Rheims trying to "unravel" the strategic situation of the German Empire's armies' invasion of France on a set of large maps spread out upon the floor of his hotel room, on all fours, dressed only in his "pants" (underwear), whilst chambermaids came and went.
Retreat from Mons
During the retreat of August 1914 the BEF staff, who had not rehearsed their roles, performed poorly. French was a dynamic leader but no manager. Robertson and Kirke recorded that Murray knew little of the plans which Wilson had drawn up with the French and had to work with a staff "almost entirely staffed from the (Military Operations) Directorate" who were used to working with Wilson. This staff included Colonel Harper, GSO1.
Murray summoned the Corps Chiefs of Staff at around 1am on 24 August (the night after the Battle of Mons), and ordered them to retreat, but gave them no detailed plans, leaving them to work out the details themselves. French agreed to Haig's request that I Corps retreat east of the Forest of Mormal (Haig Diary, 24 August) without, apparently, Smith-Dorrien (GOC II Corps) being asked or informed. (Inept staffwork was not unique to GHQ – neither I nor II Corps staff had checked whether or not the Forest of Mormal was occupied by the enemy.) On 24 August Harper refused to do anything for Murray, so that Lord Loch had to write messages even though it was not his job. Loch wrote in his diary for that day that Murray was "by nature petulant" and "difficult to work with". Murray and his staff were working flat out in intense heat at Bavai, and recorded (24 August) that he had passed 24 hours without undressing or sleeping. Smith-Dorrien visited GHQ to request detailed orders on the evening of 24 August, and had to bully Murray into issuing orders for II Corps to retreat to Le Cateau.
Murray noted in his diary (25 August) that GHQ had moved back from Le Cateau to St Quentin and that I Corps was being heavily engaged by night – making no mention of what II Corps were up to. When 4th Division arrived (25 August) Snow's orders were to help prepare a defensive position on the Cambrai-Le Cateau position, as GHQ had no idea of the seriousness of the situation facing II Corps. 4th Division was eventually able to participate in the Battle of Le Cateau. The news that Smith-Dorrien planned to stand and fight at Le Cateau reached GHQ at 5 am on 26 August – French was woken from his sleep, and insisting that Murray not be woken, sent Smith-Dorrien an ambiguous message that he had "a free hand as to the method" by which he fell back, which Smith-Dorrien took as permission to fight.
Murray appears to have suffered some kind of physical collapse round about this time, although the details differ between different eyewitness accounts. Wilson recorded that Murray had "completely broken down", had been given "morphia or some other drug" which made him incapable of work and when told (7 am on 26 August) of Smith-Dorrien's decision to stand and fight "promptly got a fainting fit". Spears' recollection (in 1930) was that Murray had collapsed with a weak pulse, but did not actually faint, when told earlier during the same night (the news later turned out to be exaggerated) that the Germans had fallen upon Haig's I Corps at Landrecies. Spears wrote that Murray was too ill to attend the meeting of Sir John French with Joffre and Lanrezac on 26 August, although Terraine has him attending this meeting. General Macready later recorded that Murray fainted at his desk whilst working at Noyon (where GHQ was based on 27 August).
Wilson returned to GHQ on 29 August from a visit to Joffre to find – he said – "a perfect debacle" with "Murray leading the fright".
Autumn 1914
On 4 September Murray had an important meeting with Gallieni (military governor of Paris) and Maunoury (commander, French Sixth Army) to discuss the planned Allied counterattack which would become the First Battle of the Marne. Murray had no idea when French, who was out visiting British I Corps, was to return and was unwilling to make any decision in his absence. After a three-hour meeting a provisional agreement was drawn up; the French came away with the impression that the British would not cooperate and that Murray had "une grande repugnance" for them, but he did in fact pass the plans along to French. Whilst this was going on, Wilson was negotiating separate plans with Franchet d'Esperey (French Fifth Army, on the British right).
Wilson noted (diary 6 Sep – the day on which the BEF began to advance as part of the Battle of the Marne) that French and Murray "were out motoring and playing the ass all day". He had to intercede to prevent French from sacking Harper (Wilson diary 7 Sep) but a week later recorded (Wilson diary 14 Sep), that Murray and Harper argued constantly. After a month Murray was still talking of "my men" and "(Wilson')s men" which Wilson thought "rather sad" and "deplorable" (Clive diary 18 Sep). Wilson thought French and Murray were "between them quite unable to size up a position or to act with constancy for 24 hours" (Wilson diary 28 Sep)
Murray complained to Victor Huguet (a French liaison officer serving with the British) about Wilson (6 October), but also told Wilson that French was getting "more unreasonable" and asked Wilson whether he (Murray) should resign; Wilson informed Billy Lambton, French's secretary, of both of these incidents. Murray also (4–5 November) complained and threatened to resign when Wilson amended one of his orders without telling him. Murray later wrote (in 1930) "Why did I stay with (this) War Office clique when I knew I was not wanted? I wanted to see Sir John through. I had been so many years with him, and knew better than anyone how his health, temper and temperament rendered him unfit, in my opinion, for the crisis we had to face. ... the senior members (of GHQ staff) entirely ignored me, as far as possible, continually thwarted me, even altered my instructions." He also said that Wilson's disloyalty had left him the impossible job of managing French alone. Rawlinson noted in his diary that Murray became "a cipher at GHQ" (28 November 1914), was disliked by his subordinates (4 December) and that French often ignored his staff "chiefly because Murray is incapable of managing them and getting any good work out of them" (6 December 1914). Edmonds later said that Murray sometimes falsified the timing of orders, but he was given away by the time stamp which the duty clerk placed on them.
Removal
At the end of November and again in mid-December French told Wilson he was thinking of moving Murray to a corps command. Asquith and Kitchener (20 December) forbade French to replace Murray with Wilson. Wilson claimed to have heard Joffre, on a visit to GHQ (27 December), complain that it was "a pity" that Murray had not been removed.
Murray was sent off sick for a month (24 January 1915) and French demanded his resignation (25 January 1915), despite Murray insisting that he only needed to take a few days off. Wilson was widely suspected of having plotted for Murray's removal in the vain hope of replacing him, but the job went to Robertson. Although a sore throat prevented him seeing Murray off, French wrote to him (29 January) saying he hoped to see him back as an army commander before long. Haig wrote (diary 26 January) that "Murray was a kindly fellow but not a practical man in the field".
A staff officer, Brigadier General Philip Howell, wrote to his wife (27 February 1915) that Murray had been "incompetent, cantankerous, timid & quite useless". The Official Historian Edmonds later described him as "a complete nonentity". Richard Holmes described him as "an intelligent, cultivated man" who had not yet recovered from a stomach wound in South Africa.
Chief of the Imperial General Staff
He was made Deputy Chief of the Imperial General Staff on 10 February 1915 and was appointed a Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George on 18 February 1915. As Deputy CIGS Murray's responsibility was training and organising the New Armies, a job requiring much travel.
Murray became Chief of the Imperial General Staff on 26 September 1915. He was promoted to permanent lieutenant general on 28 October 1915. After the war he wrote to Ian Hamilton, criticising Kitchener in harsh terms, writing that "He seldom told the absolute the truth and the whole truth" and that it was not until Kitchener left for his inspection of the Dardanelles that Murray was able to inform the Cabinet that volunteering had fallen far below the level needed to maintain a BEF of 70 divisions, requiring the introduction of conscription. The Cabinet insisted on proper General Staff papers being presented in Kitchener's absence. Murray wrote that "I have never in my forty years' service done better work than I did during the three months I was CIGS". Cabinet Secretary Maurice Hankey praised Murray highly as a real "St John the Baptist" to Sir William Robertson, his successor as CIGS.
However H. H. Asquith, the Prime Minister, sought changes in senior military positions. Haig, about to be appointed Commander-in-Chief of the BEF (3 December 1915), rejected Kitchener's suggestion that Murray be reappointed as Chief of Staff BEF (the job which Robertson was vacating to become CIGS). In his final days in office Murray issued a paper urging concentration of effort on the Western Front (16 December 1915) which was described by Robertson as the "Bible of the war". Murray was forced out as CIGS on 23 December 1915 and replaced by Robertson, a strong advocate of the single (Western) front strategy.
Murray's advice had been met with dismay from some Liberal members of the coalition Cabinet, who were unhappy at the realignment of Britain's war effort towards total war and a massive commitment of troops to the Western Front. Augustine Birrell (Chief Secretary for Ireland), along with Reginald McKenna (Chancellor of the Exchequer), Walter Runciman (President of the Board of Trade) and Sir Edward Grey (Foreign Secretary) had contemplated joining Sir John Simon (Home Secretary) in resigning in protest at the conscription of bachelors, due to be enacted in January 1916. Birrell wrote to the Prime Minister (29 December) that he and Runciman agreed that finance and "strategic policy as expounded in Murray's long, unconvincing and frightening paper" were more important than conscription.
Egyptian Command
1916
In January 1916, Murray was given command of the British Troops in Egypt and the Egyptian Expeditionary Force. Egypt was a base for the Salonika and Gallipoli Fronts. In January 1916 Murray was relieved of operational command of (though not logistical responsibility for) British troops at Salonika, which was given to the French General Sarrail. Initially General Maxwell still had command of Western Egypt (facing the Senussi Revolt) until he was sent to Ireland to suppress the Easter Rising.
Murray wrote to Robertson (18 March 1916) that the Australians were "from a physical point of view a magnificent body of men" but had "no idea of ordinary decency or self control".
Britain had 300,000 men in Egypt, many of them ANZACs or Gallipoli evacuees, supposedly to guard against a Turkish attack across the Sinai, which Robertson thought logistically unlikely. By July 1916, on Robertson's orders, Murray had shipped out 240,000 of them, including 9 infantry divisions, three independent infantry brigades and 9 heavy artillery batteries, most of them going to France, leaving him with four Territorial divisions and some mounted troops. 11,000 Indian troops were shipped out, and another division to Mesopotamia and an eleventh to France early in 1917, leaving him with three under-strength infantry divisions and the elements of two more, and two cavalry divisions.
Trying to prevent another Turkish attack against the Suez Canal, Murray reorganized his troops and led a counterattack, winning a victory at Romani in August 1916. He now had to advance over the Sinai Peninsula, which consisted of sand in the north, gravel and clay in the centre and mountains in the south. 400 miles of railway, 300 miles of metalled and wire-meshed roads and 300 miles of pipes had to be laid. Drinking water had to be pumped underneath the Suez Canal from the Sweet Water Canal in the Nile Delta, requiring the construction of filtration plants, reservoirs and pumping stations. The line on the frontier was 45 miles in width, half the width of the 80–90-mile front on the Canal. Murray captured El Arish in December and Rafa on the Palestine frontier in January 1917.
1917
Lloyd George wanted to make the destruction of Turkey a major British war aim, and two days after becoming Prime Minister told Robertson that he wanted a major victory, preferably the capture of Jerusalem, to impress British public opinion. Robertson thought the capture of Beersheba should suffice as more divisions were needed in France. However, Robertson was not entirely hostile to efforts in Palestine, telling Murray (31 January 1917) he wanted him to launch a Palestine Offensive in autumn and winter 1917, if the war was still going on then. The object was to sustain public morale and, with a compromise peace leaving Germany in control of the Balkans increasingly possible, to capture Aleppo. Aleppo was more easily reached from Palestine than from Mesopotamia, and her capture would make untenable Turkey's hold on both regions. At this stage Russia was still pinning down many Turkish troops, although the Admiralty were not enthused about suggestions that the Royal Navy make amphibious landings in Palestine. It was agreed to build up Murray's forces to 6 infantry divisions and 2 mounted divisions by the autumn, as well as 16 Imperial Camel Companies and possibly some Indian cavalry from France.
Murray was advanced to Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George on 20 January 1917.
It was Murray who authorized T. E. Lawrence's expedition to join the Arab Revolt against the Turks in Arabia, providing monetary and limited military support for Lawrence's attack on Aqaba: initially skeptical of the Revolt's potential, Murray became an ardent supporter of it later in his tenure in Cairo, largely through Lawrence's persuasion. By early 1917 the Turks had also withdrawn from Persia and had pulled back from Medina, which was besieged by the Arabs.
Murray completed the defeat of the Senussi (taking Siwa in February 1917).
In March 1917 at the First Battle of Gaza a British force under Murray's command comprising 52nd (Lowland) Division reinforced by an infantry brigade from Eastern Force attacked Gaza. While the Imperial Mounted Division held off the Turkish reinforcements, the Australian and New Zealand Mounted Division (Anzac Mounted Division) reinforced the infantry attack and together, they succeeded in entering Gaza from the north and capturing the adjoining hill of Ali Muntar. However the determination of the Turkish defenders and the threat from large Turkish reinforcements approaching from the north and north east ultimately led to decision to withdraw. The First Battle of Gaza had been described as "most successful" by understating British and exaggerating enemy casualties. This led to loss of political confidence in Murray.
At the Second Battle of Gaza in April 1917 Murray assembled a larger force comprising the 52nd (Lowland) Division, 53rd (Welsh) Division, the 54th (East Anglian) Division and the recently formed 74th (Yeomanry) Division which was made up of brigades of dismounted yeomanry serving as infantry. However the six British tanks, the British heavy guns and naval gunfire from the French coastal defence ship and two British monitors ( and ) did little damage and only served to warn the Turks of the imminent British attack which faltered at all points. Again Murray decided to withdraw. The Second Battle of Gaza failed due to lack of artillery.
The Second Battle of Gaza coincided with the failure of the Nivelle Offensive, reports of unrest among Russian troops after the February Revolution and an escalation of the U-Boat War (it was thought that loss of shipping might make Egypt untenable) causing Robertson to prefer a return to a defensive policy in the Middle East, although this was not Lloyd George's view.
Despite laying the plans for the ultimate defeat of the Turks, Murray was relieved of command and replaced by Edmund Allenby on 29 June 1917. Murray was mentioned in despatches again on 3 November 1917.
After Egypt
Murray was reassigned, becoming General Officer Commanding-in-Chief for Aldershot Command in October 1917 and having been promoted to full general on 25 August 1919, remained in post until 15 November 1919. After retiring from the British Army on 15 November 1922, he was advanced to Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath in the New Year Honours 1928.
He was also colonel of the Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers from 22 August 1911.
Murray died at his home "Makepeace" at Reigate in Surrey on 21 January 1945 and was buried in a family vault on the west side of Highgate Cemetery.
Family
In 1890 he married Caroline Helen Sweet; they had one son. Following the death of his first wife he married Mildred Georgina Dooner in 1912.
Culture references
Murray was unsympathetically portrayed by Donald Wolfit in the cinema film Lawrence of Arabia as a stereotypical blimpish British general, obsessed with artillery.
Mount Murray in the Canadian Rockies was named in his honor in 1918.
References
Bibliography
External links
Despatches of General Murray
General Murray's Despatch, 16 January to 31 May 1916
General Murray's Despatch, 1 June to 30 September 1916
General Murray's Despatch, 1 October 1916, to 28 February 1917
General Murray's Despatch, 1 March to 28 June 1917
Other
The British Army in Great War
His introduction to The New Zealanders in Sinai and Palestine
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1860 births
1945 deaths
Burials at Highgate Cemetery
27th Regiment of Foot officers
British Army generals of World War I
British Army personnel of the Second Boer War
Chiefs of the Imperial General Staff
Commanders of the Royal Victorian Order
Companions of the Distinguished Service Order
Graduates of the Staff College, Camberley
Knights Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George
Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath
People educated at Cheltenham College
Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers officers
People from Kingsclere
Military personnel from Hampshire
British Army generals
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archibald%20Murray
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The Uganda Under-19 cricket team represents the nation of Uganda in under-19 cricket at international level.
Uganda has qualified for the Under-19 Cricket World Cup on three occasions—in 2004, 2006 and 2022. The team's best performance came in 2022, when it defeated Scotland in the 13th-place play-off. Uganda has won the ICC U19 Cricket World Cup Africa Qualifier twice, in 2009 and 2021, and placed runner-up on another four occasions.
History
A notable individual performance was Emmanuel Isaneez's 6/37 against Bangladesh in 2004, which at the time was the second-best figures in World Cup history.
As of 2021, the team was coached by former national team player Ivan Thawithemwira.
Under-19 World Cup record
Records
All records listed are for under-19 One Day International (ODI) matches only.
Team records
Highest totals
235/5 (47.2 overs), v. , at Chattogram, 27 February 2004
226 (35.4 overs), v. , at Diego Martin, 30 January 2022
214/9 (50 overs), v. , at Colombo, 17 February 2006
206 (45.2 overs), v. , at Chattogram, 23 February 2004
197 (48.1 overs), v. , at Georgetown, 15 January 2022
Lowest totals
46 (30.4 overs), v. , at Chattogram, 17 February 2004
74 (33.3 overs), v. , at Colombo, 6 February 2006
78 (33.3 overs), v. , at Chattogram, 25 February 2004
79 (19.4 overs), v. , at Tarouba, 22 January 2022
84 (33.4 overs), v. , at Colombo, 9 February 2006
Individual records
Most career runs
238 – Hamza Almuzahim (2004-2006)
191 – Pascal Murungi (2022)
158 – Davis Karashani (2004-2006)
138 – Cyrus Kakuru (2022)
134 – Patrick Ochan (2004-2006)
Highest individual scores
99* (148 balls) – Martin Ondeko, v. , at Chattogram, 27 February 2004
65 (59 balls) – Cyrus Kakuru, v. , at Diego Martin, 28 January 2022
64 (78 balls) – Ronald Lutaaya, v. , at Diego Martin, 30 January 2022
64 (81 balls) – Patrick Ochan, v. , at Colombo, 17 February 2006
63 (82 balls) – Pascal Murungi, v. , at Georgetown, 16 January 2022
Most career wickets
17 – Patrick Ochan (2004-2006)
14 – Emmanuel Isaneez (2004-2006)
13 – Juma Miyaji (2022)
10 – Davis Karashani (2004-2006)
9 – Ronald Ssemanda (2004-2006), Joseph Baguma (2022), Pascal Murungi (2022)
Best bowling performances
6/37 (9.5 overs) – Emmanuel Isaneez, v. , at Chattogram, 25 February 2004
4/20 (6 overs) – Emmanuel Isaneez, v. , at Colombo, 17 February 2006
4/25 (8 overs) – Juma Miyaji, v. , at Diego Martin, 30 January 2022
4/29 (9 overs) – Juma Miyaji, v. , at Diego Martin, 28 January 2022
4/43 (10 overs) – Ronald Ssemanda, v. , at Colombo, 9 February 2006
Squad
2006
The Under-19 team for Uganda which played in the 2006 ICC Under-19 Cricket World Cup was:
Hamza Almuzahim – Captain
Davis Arinaitwe
Emmanuel Isaneez
Arthur Kyobe
Dennis Musali
Patrick Ochan
Jimmy Okello
Raymond Otim
Danniel Ruyange
Ronald Ssemanda
Emmanuel Nakaana
Charles Waiswa
Roger Mukasa
Mauneek Solanki
2022
The Under-19 team for Uganda which played in the 2022 Under-19 Cricket World Cup was:
Pascal Murungi (c)
Ismail Munir (vc)
Brian Asaba
Isaac Ategeka
Joseph Baguma
Cyrus Kakuru
Christopher Kidega
Ronald Lutaaya
Juma Miyaji
Matthew Musinguzi
Akram Nsubuga
Edwin Nuwagaba
Pius Oloka
Ronald Omara
Ronald Opio
Fahad Mutagana, Abdallah Muhammad, Raima Musa, Jaffer Ochaya and Yunus Sowobi were also named as reserve players.
References
Under-19 cricket teams
Under-19
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uganda%20national%20under-19%20cricket%20team
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A bantam, in British Army usage, was a soldier of below the army's minimum regulation height of .
During the First World War, the British Army raised battalions in which the normal minimum height requirement for recruits was reduced from to . This enabled shorter but healthy young men to enlist.
Bantam units enlisted from industrial and coal-mining areas where short stature was no sign of weakness. The name derives from the town of Bantam in Indonesia, from which a breed of small domestic fowl allegedly originated. Bantamweight was a weight category in boxing that had originated in the 1880s and had produced many notable boxers.
The first "bantam battalions" were recruited in Birkenhead, Cheshire, after Alfred Bigland, MP, heard of a group of miners who, rejected from every recruiting office, had made their way to the town. One of the miners, rejected on account of his size, offered to fight any man there as proof of his suitability as a soldier, and six men were eventually called upon to remove him. Bantam applicants were men used to physical hard work, and Bigland was so incensed at what he saw as the needless rejection of spirited healthy men that he petitioned the War Office for permission to establish an undersized fighting unit.
When the permission was granted, news spread across the country and men previously denied the chance to fight made their way to Birkenhead, 3,000 successful recruits being accepted for service into two new bantam battalions in November 1914. The requirement for their height was between and . Chest size was one inch (2.5 cm) more than the army standard.
The men became local heroes, with the local newspaper, The Birkenhead News, honouring the men of the 1st and 2nd Birkenhead Battalions of the Cheshires with enamel badges - "BBB" - "Bigland's Birkenhead Bantams". Soon renamed the 15th and 16th Battalions, Cheshire Regiment, they undertook gruelling training and served in some of the hardest-fought battles of the war, such as the Battle of Arras in 1917. Another bantam battalion was the 14th Battalion (West of England), the Gloucestershire Regiment, raised in 1915 and sent to France in 1916. Eventually two whole divisions, the 35th and the 40th, were formed from "Bantam" men, who were virtually annihilated during the Battle of Bourlon. Heavy casualties, transfers to specialized Army tunneling companies and tank regiments, the introduction of conscription, and replacements by taller men, eventually led to Bantam units becoming indistinguishable from other British divisions.
Sidney Allinson has published a thorough study: The Bantams: The Untold Story of World War One.
See also
143rd Battalion (British Columbia Bantams), CEF
216th Battalion (Bantams), CEF
References
External links
British Army in World War I
Human height
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bantam%20%28military%29
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The Australian Under-19 cricket team have been playing official Under-19 test matches since 1978. Former captains include Stuart Law, Damien Martyn, Brad Haddin, Nathan Hauritz and Cameron White who have all gone on to play international cricket for Australia. They have won the Under-19 Cricket World Cup on three occasions, in 1988, 2002 and 2010, the second-most behind India.
Under-19 World Cup record
Current squad
The Australian squad that was selected for the 2022 ICC Under-19 Cricket World Cup is as follows:
Cooper Connolly (c)
Harkirat Bajwa
Aidan Cahill
Joshua Garner
Isaac Higgins
Campbell Kellaway
Corey Miller
Jack Nisbet
Nivethan Radhakrishnan
William Salzmann
Lachlan Shaw
Jackson Sinfield
Tobias Snell
Tom Whitney
Teague Wyllie
References
External links
Matches played by Australia Under-19s at CricketArchive
Under-19 cricket teams
Australia in international cricket
National youth sports teams of Australia
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia%20national%20under-19%20cricket%20team
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Na Castelloza (fl. early 13th century) was a noblewoman and trobairitz from Auvergne.
Life
According to her later vida, Castelloza was the wife of Turc de Mairona, probably the lord of Meyronne. Turc's ancestors had participated in a Crusade around 1210 or 1220, which was the origin of his name (meaning "Turk"). She was reputed to have been in love with Arman de Brion, a member of the house of Bréon and of greater social rank than her, about whom she wrote several songs. Her vida records her to have been "very gay", "very learned", and "very beautiful". While little more is known about Castelloza’s life, her name “appears to be composed of castle and the common suffix ~os, which normally indicates quality or abundance of the noun to which it is joined. The name might then mean ‘lady worthy of a castle’ or ‘lady possessed of a castle or castles.'”
Career
As a trobairitz, Castelloza was responsible for producing poems and Cantigas (monophonic songs) throughout her career. Her works (primarily written in Galician-Portuguese) maintain the characteristics of the Canso, often referencing themes of love and courtship. The canso was a popular style among troubadours, often describing a male speaker pining after a ‘cruel female beloved.’ Castelloza continues this song structure from her perspective, expressing the challenges and conflict she, as a woman, faces. “In each of her songs, Na Castelloza takes up a posture that is simultaneously offensive and defensive: she regularly signals and defends her anomalous role as a woman who declares and serves her love by singing.” This is apparent throughout her work; an example being ‘Mout avetz fach lonc estatge…’ (To Her Lover Gone Away). An excerpt translation of this poem highlights the following;
“My handsome noble-natured dear,
I’ve loved you since the day you pleased me.
How great a fool I am is clear.
For you held back, while such love seized me
That I not once have turned away.
Though you repay my good with ill
I’ll stand my ground and love you still,
For love so has me in its sway
That I now doubt my life can offer.”
Castelloza maintains this perspective throughout her lasting work, describing the pain and betrayal of unrequited love while acknowledging her commitment to absolute fidelity.
Only three—perhaps four if recent scholarship is accepted—of her songs (all cansos) survive, all without music. This, however, makes her at least the second most prolific of trobairitz in terms of surviving works: only Beatriz de Dia certainly has more, with four cansos to her name. The subject of all her poems is courtly love.
Compared with Beatriz de Dia, Castelloza is a more conservative poet. Her persona throughout her works is consistent and though she raises the tension between conditional and unconditional love she always remains committed to absolute fidelity.
One scholar, Peter Dronke, has seen Castelloza's songs as forming a lyric cycle.
List of works
(disputed)
References
Notes
Citations
Bibliography
Bruckner, Matilda Tomaryn. "Fictions of the Female Voice: The Women Troubadours." Speculum, Vol. 67, No. 4. (Oct., 1992), pp. 865–891.
Coldwell, Maria V. "Castelloza." Grove Music Online, ed. L. Macy.
The Vidas of the Troubadours, ed. and trans. Margarita Egan. New York: Garland, 1984. .
Further reading
Gravdal, Kathryn. "Mimicry, Metonymy, and 'Women's Song': the Medieval Women Trobairitz." Romanic Review, 83:4 (1992:Nov.) pp. 411–427.
Paden, William D., Jr. "The Poems of the 'Trobairitz' Na Castelloza." Romance Philology, 35:1 (1981:Aug.), pp. 158–182.
Schutz, A. H. "Where Were the Provençal 'Vidas' and 'Razos' Written?" Modern Philology, Vol. 35, No. 3. (Feb., 1938), pp. 225–232.
Shapiro, Marianne. "The Provençal Trobairitz and the Limits of Courtly Love." Signs, Vol. 3, No. 3. (Spring, 1978), pp. 560–571.
Weiss, Julian. "Lyric Sequences in the Cantigas d'amigo." Bulletin of Hispanic Studies, 65:1 (1988:Jan.), pp. 21–38.
Bec, Pierre. « L’Amour au Féminin: Les Femmes-Troubadours et Leurs Chansons » (2013, fédérop).
13th-century French women writers
13th-century French troubadours
13th-century women composers
13th-century French nobility
Trobairitz
French women poets
People from Auvergne
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castelloza
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The West Indies under-19 cricket team represents the countries of Cricket West Indies in international under-19 cricket. The West Indies is one of only five teams to participate in every edition of the Under-19 Cricket World Cup, along with England, India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.
The Windies U19 got to the final of the 2004 World Cup held in Bangladesh, where they were runners up to Pakistan. The Caribbean side eventually won the tournament for the first time in 2016, defeating India in the final again held in Bangladesh.
Under-19 World Cup record
Coaching Staff
Team Manager: Reon Griffith
Head coach: Floyd Reifer
Assistant coach: Reon Griffith
Bowling Coach: Curtly Ambrose
Physiotherapist: Khevyn Williams
Strength and conditioning Coach: Gregory Seale
Team Analyst: Dinesh Mahabir
References
Under-19 cricket teams
West Indies in international cricket
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The South African Under-19 cricket team have been playing official Under-19 test matches since 1995. International players to have represented the team include Wayne Parnell, Neil McKenzie, AB de Villiers, Mark Boucher, Makhaya Ntini, Kagiso Rabada, Andile Phehlukwayo and Aiden Markram. They won the Under-19 Cricket World Cup in 2014 and finished runner-up in both 2002 and 2008.
In February 2021, Cricket South Africa (CSA) announced that the team would take part in South Africa's Provincial first-class and List A cricket tournaments, starting with the 2020–21 CSA 3-Day Provincial Cup and the 2020–21 CSA Provincial One-Day Challenge respectively. However, the matches played by the under-19 team in those tournaments did not have first-class or List A status.
Under-19 World Cup record
Current squad
The South African squad for the 2016 Under-19 Cricket World Cup, as announced on 21 December 2015, was as follows:
References
External links
England Under-19s in South Africa 2008/09 - South Africa Squad
Under-19 cricket teams
U
C
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South%20Africa%20national%20under-19%20cricket%20team
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The United States national under-19 cricket team represents the United States in international under-19 cricket. The team is coached by Asif Mujtaba and is captained by Rishi Ramesh.
The team was coached by Thiru Kumaran, a former Indian Test player, during the 2015 ICC Americas Under-19 Championship. and was coached by former U.S. player Kevin Darlington in 2020.
Performances at Under-19 World Cups
List of captains
Two players have captained the United States in under-19 One Day International (ODI) matches.
Records
All records listed are for under-19 One-Day International (ODI) matches only.
Team records
Highest totals
220/8 (49 overs), v. , at SSC Ground, Colombo, February 14, 2006
217 (48.1 overs), v. , at Queenstown Events Centre, Queenstown, January 19, 2010
215 (45.4 overs), v. , at NCC Ground, Colombo, February 6, 2006
Lowest totals
115 (33.1 overs), v. , at Nelson Park, Napier, January 25, 2010
115 (29.1 overs), v. , at P. Sara, Colombo, February 7, 2006
125 (29.3 overs), v. , at P. Sara, Colombo, February 15, 2006
Individual records
Most career runs
136 – Hemant Punoo (from 5 matches in 2006, at an average of 27.20)
125 – Greg Sewdial (from 6 matches in 2010, at an average of 31.25)
109 – Steven Taylor (from 6 matches in 2010, at an average of 21.80)
Highest individual scores
70 (90 balls) – Andy Mohammed, v. , Queenstown Events Centre, Queenstown, January 16, 2010
65 (52 balls) – Hemant Punoo, v. , at NCC Ground, Colombo, February 6, 2006
64 (76 balls) – Hemant Punoo, v. , at SSC Ground, Colombo, February 14, 2006
Most career wickets
10 – Saqeeb Saleem (from 6 matches in 2010, at an average of 14.50)
8 – Dominic Audain (from 5 matches in 2006, at an average of 24.00)
8 – Abhimanyu Rajp (from 5 matches in 2006, at an average of 24.87)
Best bowling performances
5/61 (10 overs) – Abhimanyu Rajp, v. , at P. Sara, Colombo, February 15, 2006
4/38 (9 overs) – Saqeeb Saleem, v. , at Nelson Park, Napier, January 25, 2010
3/18 (7 overs) – Hammad Shahid, v. , at Nelson Park, Napier, January 27, 2010
References
Under-19 cricket teams
Under19
Cricket
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United%20States%20national%20under-19%20cricket%20team
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The Indian Under-19 cricket team represents the nation of India in cricket at Under-19 level. The team has won five Under-19 World Cups and has the best win percentage in ODIs (77%) among all Under-19 national teams.
The team has won the Under-19 World Cup five times and finished runners-up thrice. In 2000, they won it under the captaincy of Mohammad Kaif, in 2008, they won it under Virat Kohli's leadership, in 2012 under Unmukt Chand, in 2018 under Prithvi Shaw, and in 2022 under Yash Dhull.
The team is currently captained by Yash Dhull and coached by former India cricketer Hrishikesh Kanitkar.
ICC Under-19 Cricket World Cup record
ACC Under-19 Asia Cup record
Honours
ICC
U-19 World Cup:
Champions (5): 2000, 2008, 2012, 2018, 2022
Runners-up (3): 2006, 2016, 2020
ACC
U-19 Asia Cup:
Champions (8): 1989, 2003, 2012, 2013-14, 2016, 2018, 2019, 2021
Records and Statistics
International match summary – India Under-19s
Youth Test record versus other nations
Youth ODI record versus other nations
Current squad
Players who were selected for the 2022 Under-19 Cricket World Cup:
Yash Dhull (c)
Shaik Rasheed (vc)
Dinesh Bana (wk)
Raj Angad Bawa
Aneeshwar Gautam
Rajvardhan Hangargekar
Vicky Ostwal
Manav Parakh
Angkrish Raghuvanshi
Ravikumar
Garv Sangwan
Nishant Sindhu
Harnoor Singh
Kaushal Tambe
Vasu Vats
Aaradya Yadav (wk)
Siddarth Yadav
Reserve Players: Rishit Reddy, Uday Saharan, Ansh Gosai, Amrit Raj Upadhyay and PM Singh Rathore
Support staff
Head coach and batting coach: Hrishikesh Kanitkar
Bowling coach: Sairaj Bahutule
Fielding coach: Munish Bali
See also
India men's national cricket team
India women's national cricket team
India women's national under-19 cricket team
References
1979 establishments in India
Under-19 cricket teams
Under19
Cricket
Cricket clubs established in 1979
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The Sri Lankan Under-19 cricket team is the cricket team that represents Sri Lanka in International Under-19 Cricket. It consists of school-aged cricketers.
Sri Lanka's squad was announced on 23 December 2015.
Sri Lanka went on to win the tri series in South Africa by defeating the South African team by a massive 77 runs in 2017.Avishka Fernando was the topscorer of the series with 292 runs Nipuni Ransika was the leading wicket taker with 17 scalps.
Tournament History
U-19 World Cup Record
U-19 Asia Cup Record
Current squad
References
Under-19 cricket teams
Under-19
C
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri%20Lanka%20national%20under-19%20cricket%20team
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The Namibia national under-19 cricket team represents Namibia in under-19 international cricket. Namibia has won the ICC Africa Under-19 Championships a record number of times.
Namibia has qualified for the Under-19 World Cup on eight occasions, more than any other associate member of the International Cricket Council (ICC). The team's best performance was at the 2016 Under-19 World Cup in Bangladesh, where it defeated defending champions South Africa in the group stage and eventually placed seventh, equaling's Afghanistan's performance at the 2014 event as the best by an associate. By finishing as the best-ranked associate team at the 2016 World Cup, Namibia secured automatic qualification for the 2018 World Cup in New Zealand.
Current squad
Namibia's squad at the 2016 Under-19 World Cup was as follows:
Coach: Rangarirai Manyande
List of captains
As of 2016, nine cricketers have captained Namibia in under-19 One Day International (ODI) matches.
Records
All records listed are for under-19 One Day International (ODI) matches only, and are correct as of the 2016 U-19 World Cup
Team records
Highest totals
263/9 (50 overs), v. , at ICC Academy Ground, Dubai, 24 February 2014
237/6 (43.3 overs), v. , at Eden Park, Auckland, 28 January 2002
231/5 (50 overs), v. , at Galle International Stadium, Galle, 21 January 2000
Lowest totals
55 (30.4 overs), v. , at P. Sara Stadium, Colombo, 11 January 2000
57 (28.3 overs), v. , Uyanwatte Stadium, Matara, 19 January 2000
65 (32.5 overs), v. , Cox's Bazar Cricket Stadium, Cox's Bazar, 2 February 2016
Individual records
Most career runs
435 – Stephan Swanepoel (from 19 matches between 1998 and 2002, at an average of 24.16)
311 – Dawid Botha (from 9 matches between 2006 and 2008, at an average of 44.42)
297 – Gerhard Erasmus (from 11 matches between 2012 and 2014, at an average of 29.70)
Highest individual scores
142 (131 balls) – Stephan Swanepoel, v. , at Eden Park, Auckland, 28 January 2002
84 (119 balls) – Gerhard Erasmus, v. , at Sheikh Zayed Stadium, Abu Dhabi, 19 February 2014
78 (116 balls) – Xander Pitchers, v. , at Sheikh Zayed Stadium, Abu Dhabi, 22 February 2014
Most career wickets
20 – Burton van Rooi (from 13 matches between 2000 and 2002, at an average of 19.80)
17 – Bredell Wessels (from 9 matches between 2012 and 2014, at an average of 22.58)
15 – Fritz Coetzee (from 6 matches in 2016, at an average of 15.93)
Best bowling performances
5/29 (10 overs) – Rudi Scholtz, v. , at NF Oppenheimer Ground, Johannesburg, 13 January 1998
4/24 (6.2 overs) – Michael van Lingen, v. , at Khan Shaheb Osman Ali Stadium, Fatullah, 11 February 2016
4/24 (10 overs) – Michael van Lingen, v. , at Cox's Bazar Cricket Stadium, Cox's Bazar, 31 January 2016
References
Under-19 cricket teams
Cricket under-19
Namibia in international cricket
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Namibia%20national%20under-19%20cricket%20team
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The Scotland Under-19 cricket team represents the nation of Scotland in Under-19 cricket at international level.
Scotland has qualified for the Under-19 Cricket World Cup on eight occasions, the third-most of European countries behind England and Ireland. Scotland has never progressed past the first round, with their best performance coming in 2012 when they won the 11th-place play-off against Ireland.
Under-19 World Cup record
Records
All records listed are for under-19 One Day International (ODI) matches only.
Team records
Highest totals
250/3 (50 overs), v. , at Witrand Cricket Field, Potchefstroom, 28 January 2020
244/9 (50 overs), v. , at Avion Park Cricket Club, Kempton Park, 19 January 1998
241/7 (50 overs), v. , at Peter Burge Oval, Brisbane, 19 August 2012
236/8 (50 overs), v. , at Conaree Sports Club, Basseterre, 19 January 2022
234/4 (50 overs), v. , at Eden Park Outer Oval, Auckland, 28 January 2002
Lowest totals
22 (22.3 overs), v. , at M. A. Aziz Stadium, Chittagong, 22 February 2004
75 (23.5 overs), v. , at North-West University No. 1 Ground, Potchefstroom, 19 January 2020
88 (29.4 overs), v. , at Dubai International Cricket Stadium, Dubai, 17 February 2014
89 (30.3 overs), v. , at Witrand Cricket Field, Potchefstroom, 21 January 2020
95 (30.2 overs), v. , at Khan Shaheb Osman Ali Stadium, Fatullah, 17 February 2004
95 (35.1 overs), v. , at Warner Park Sporting Complex, Basseterre, 17 January 2022
Individual records
Most career runs
306 – Ross McLean (2012-2014)
300 – Kyle Coetzer (2002-2004)
288 – Moneeb Iqbal (2002-2006)
270 – Kasiam Farid (2004-2006)
240 – Greig Butchart (1998)
Highest individual scores
128* (? balls) – Greig Butchart, v. , at Avion Park Cricket Club, Kempton Park, 19 January 1998
100* (102 balls) – Steven Gilmour, v. , at Eden Park Outer Oval, Auckland, 28 January 2002
76 (89 balls) – Kasiam Farid, v. , at R. Premadasa Stadium, Colombo, 5 February 2006
72 (? balls) – Neil Millar, v. , at Avion Park Cricket Club, Kempton Park, 20 January 1998
72 (123 balls) – Michael English, v. , at Tolerance Oval, Abu Dhabi, 24 February 2014
Most career wickets
19 – Moneeb Iqbal (2002-2006)
15 – Gavin Main (2012-2014)
13 – Gordon Goudie (2004-2006)
12 – Ruaidhri Smith (2012)
9 – Gregor Maiden (1998), Chris West (2002), Aman Bailwal (2012), Chayank Gosain (2014), Sean Fischer-Keogh (2022), Charlie Peet (2022)
Best bowling performances
6/24 (6.4 overs) – Jamie Cairns, v. , at Diego Martin Sporting Complex, Diego Martin, 30 January 2022
4/26 (8 overs) – Gavin Main, v. , at John Blanck Oval, Buderim, 15 August 2012
4/32 (7 overs) – Daniel Cairns, v. , at Witrand Cricket Field, Potchefstroom, 28 January 2020
4/45 (10 overs) – Ruaidhri Smith, v. , at John Blanck Oval, Buderim, 15 August 2012
4/60 (10 overs) – Mohammad Ghaffar, v. , at Sheikh Kamal International Stadium, Cox's Bazar, 31 January 2016
Squad
The 2020 Under 19 squad to South Africa was captained by Angus Guy and vice captain Jasper Davidson.
They finished 12th recording one win v UAE
The Under-19 team for Scotland for 2016 Under-19 Cricket World Cup. Scotland's squad was announced on 22 December 2015. Scott Cameron was originally named in the squad, but was replaced by Cameron Sloman after injuring his back prior to the tournament.
Note: bowling information on all Scottish players is not yet available.
Coaching team
Head coach: Gordon Drummond
Assistant coach: Cedric English
Manager: Ron Fleming
S&C Coach: Neil Elbourne
Mental Skills Coach: Ali Storie
References
External links
Cricket Scotland Website
U-19's Squad
Under-19 cricket teams
U-19
Cricket, U-19
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotland%20national%20under-19%20cricket%20team
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This is a list of newspapers and news websites published in Montenegro.
List of publications
News websites
Cafe del Montenegro (CdM), Montenegrin in the Latin alphabet
Portal Analitika, Montenegrin in the Latin alphabet
The Montenegro Times, first English newspaper. See
Daily newspapers
Pobjeda (), Montenegrin in the Latin alphabet (since 1944)
Vijesti (), Montenegrin in the Latin alphabet (since 1997)
Dan (), Serbian in the Cyrillic alphabet (since 1999)
Dnevne Novine (English: the Daily news), Montenegrin in the Latin alphabet (since 2011)
Weekly publications
Monitor, news magazine (Montenegrin in the Montenegrin Latin alphabet)
Arena, sports newspaper (Montenegrin in the Montenegrin Latin alphabet)
Revija D, news magazine (Serbian in the Serbian Cyrillic alphabet)
Objektiv, film magazine (Montenegrin in the Montenegrin Latin alphabet)
Monthly publications
Magazin ARS, cultural magazine (Montenegrin in the Montenegrin Latin alphabet)
Svetigora, religious and cultural magazine (Serbian in the Serbian Cyrillic alphabet)
Matica, cultural magazine (Montenegrin in the Montenegrin Latin alphabet)
Magazin BIT, ICT magazine (Montenegrin in the Montenegrin Latin alphabet)
Historical publications
Crnogorac, cultural and political newspaper (from 1871 until 1873)
Glas Crnogorca, periodical newspaper (from 1873 to 1916, 1917 until 1922)
Narodna misao, periodical newspaper (from 1906 to 1907, 1916 until 1919)
Cetinjski vjesnik periodical political newspaper (from 1908 until 1915)
References
Montenegro
Newspapers
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20newspapers%20in%20Montenegro
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Caerphilly Castle is a member of the GWR 4073 Class built in 1923.
In service
The lead locomotive of its class, after a brief period of running-in service, between April and October 1924, the locomotive was exhibited at the British Empire Exhibition, which was held at Wembley Park, Wembley, north-west London. Its first shed allocation was Old Oak Common. Its August 1950 shed allocation was Bath Road, Bristol. Its last shed allocation was Cardiff Canton in March 1959.
Preservation
Withdrawn in May 1960, it was made part of the National Collection. Refurbished for display purposes at Swindon Works, on 2 June 1961 she was formally handed over by Dr Richard Beeching at Paddington Station to the director of the Science Museum. Pickfords hauled the engine from Park Royal Goods Depot to the museum in Kensington, using Scammell Constructor units on Sunday 4 June. She was then placed on display in the new land transport gallery.
After the Science Museum decided to refurbish the gallery into the Making the Modern World, it was decided to move the locomotive to Swindon Steam Railway Museum. After a period on display at National Railway Museum, York, she moved to Swindon on the museum's opening.
References
Notes
External links
YouTube video of handover and transportation to the Science Museum, June 1961
4073
Railway locomotives introduced in 1923
4073
Standard gauge steam locomotives of Great Britain
individual locomotives of Great Britain
4-6-0 locomotives
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GWR%204073%20Class%204073%20Caerphilly%20Castle
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The Zimbabwe national under-19 cricket team represents Zimbabwe in under-19 international cricket
Zimbabwe has qualified for the Under-19 Cricket World Cup on every occasion since 1998, by virtue of being a full member of the International Cricket Council (ICC).
The coach of the team for the 2022 Under-19 Cricket World Cup is Prosper Utseya, and the team captain is Emmanuel Bawa
History
Zimbabwe has made the second round of the Under-19 World Cup on three occasions – in South Africa 1998, Bangladesh 2004 and Sri Lanka 2006. In the last of those, Zimbabwe emerged from the first round undefeated, but lost easily to Pakistan in the quarter-finals.
Mluleki Nkala (1998) and Waddington Mwayenga (2002) were the equal leading wicket-takers in their respective tournaments.
Zimbabwe's worst result came at the 2012 World Cup in Australia, where the team suffered defeats to Scotland and Papua New Guinea before regaining some credibility by defeating Namibia in the play-off for 15th place.
Under-19 World Cup record
Records
All records listed are for under-19 One Day International (ODI) matches only.
Team records
Highest totals
354/8 (50 overs), v. , at Diamond Oval, Kimberley, 2 February 2020
321/9 (50 overs), v. , at Queen's Park Savannah, Port-of-Spain, 15 January 2022
291/7 (50 overs), v. , at Eden Park Outer Oval, Auckland, 27 January 2002
290/8 (48 overs), v. , at Recreation Ground, Klerksdorp, 13 January 1998
272/8 (50 overs), v. , at Bangabandhu National Stadium, Dhaka, 27 February 2004
272/8 (50 overs), v. , at Mainpower Oval, Rangiora, 28 January 2018
Lowest totals
59 (27.2 overs), v. , at Institute Perguruan Temenggong Ibrahim, Johor, 24 February 2008
63 (19.3 overs), v. , at Boland Park, Paarl, 24 January 2017
66 (29.4 overs), v. , at Wally Wilson Oval, Cape Town, 16 January 2017
71 (36.2 overs), v. , at Bert Sutcliffe Oval, Lincoln, 21 January 2002
84 (40.5 overs), v. , at Zahur Ahmed Chowdhury Stadium, Chittagong, 14 November 2015
Individual records
Most career runs
724 – Ryan Burl (2011-2014)
710 – Wesley Madhevere (2015-2020)
503 – Milton Shumba (2016-2020)
458 – Ryan Murray (2015-2017)
449 – Emmanuel Bawa (2020-2022)
Highest individual scores
127 (145 balls) – Brendan Taylor, v. , at Bangabandhu National Stadium, Dhaka, 27 February 2004
118 (107 balls) – Malcolm Lake, v. , at Tony Ireland Stadium, Townsville, 14 August 2012
116* (120 balls) – Peter Moor, v. , at Harare Sports Club, Harare, 11 July 2010
112* (? balls) – Mark Vermeulen, v. , at Recreation Ground, Klerksdorp, 13 January 1998
105* (95 balls) – Emmanuel Bawa, v. , at North-West University No 2 Ground, Potchefstroom, 28 January 2020
Most career wickets
42 – Wesley Madhevere (2015-2020)
21 – Luke Jongwe (2012-2014)
20 – Mluleki Nkala (1997-2000)
18 – Roy Kaia (2009-2011), Natsai M'shangwe (2009-2010)
Best bowling performances
6/31 (9 overs) – Tinashe Panyangara, v. , at Shaheed Chandu Stadium, Bogra, 18 February 2004
5/21 (10 overs) – Waddington Mwayenga, v. , at Eden Park Outer Oval, Auckland, 27 January 2002
5/24 (9.4 overs) – Wesley Madhevere, v. , at MA Aziz Stadium, Chittagong, 29 January 2016
5/25 (7 overs) – David Mutendera, v. , at Recreation Ground, Klerksdorp, 13 January 1998
5/25 (8.2 overs) – Roy Kaia, v. , at Harare Sports Club, Harare, 1 October 2009
2022 World Cup squad
Zimbabwe's squad for the 2022 World Cup in West Indies was announced on 8 December 2021.
Emmanuel Bawa (c)
Brian Bennett (c)
David Bennett
Victor Chirwa
Mgcini Dube
Alex Falao
Tendekai Mataranyika
Tashinga Makoni
Connor Mitchell
Steven Saul
Matthew Schonken
Panashe Taruvinga
Matthew Welch
Rogan Wolhuter
Ngenyasha Zvinoera
References
Under-19 cricket teams
Cricket, under-19
Zimbabwe in international cricket
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zimbabwe%20national%20under-19%20cricket%20team
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The Wellesley College Senate bus is a shuttle bus service that connects Wellesley College to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University.
History
Until November 1966, transportation at Wellesley consisted of a shuttle to the Woodland MBTA Green Line stop in the nearby city of Newton. At this point, college president Ruth Adams approved expansion of the transportation system and the Senate bus began operations. The shuttle service was originally named for the Wellesley College Student Government Senate, which lobbied in favor of such a route. Author Susan Orlean noted that the weekend bus was viewed by some students as a sign of liberation, in that there was a time earlier in that century when students were confined to campus on weekends unless they had a note from home.
Service
The Senate bus is operated by the Wellesley College Department of Housing and Transportation, running Friday through Sunday every week. After leaving Wellesley, stops are made at Harvard Square, MIT's Kresge Auditorium, and Commonwealth Avenue in Boston.
The service is not to be confused with the "exchange bus", which transfers employees, faculty, and cross-registered students between MIT and Wellesley during the week.
Media coverage as the "Fuck Truck"
Students at MIT, Harvard, and Wellesley have sometimes referred to the shuttle service as the "Fuck Truck". The term gained national notoriety when it was mentioned in a 2001 Rolling Stone article entitled "The Highly Charged Erotic Life of the Wellesley Girl", which also discussed the supposed sexual eagerness of Wellesley students. This article and other media attention given to the bus and Wellesley's party scene in general caused concern among the college's administration.
A 1995 Boston Herald article also discussed the Senate Bus in terms that many Wellesley students found sensationalistic. An article in Counterpoint magazine criticized both the Herald article and the Wellesley student government response to it:
"In actuality, the bus is the only affordable means of transportation into the Boston area for many Wellesley students during the weekends. Many women riding the Senate Bus have more critical concerns than Saturday evening socializing."
At least one survey suggests that the sexually promiscuous image of Wellesley students that these articles put forth may be exaggerated. In its November 2001 sex survey, Counterpoint reported that 14% of Wellesley students who had had sex claimed to have engaged in sex with an MIT student, and 19% of MIT students who had had sex claimed to have engaged in sex with a Wellesley student. It also reported that 60% of Wellesley students were virgins, as were 47% of MIT students; in addition, 31% of Wellesley students and 43% of MIT students reported having had sex while in college.
An article discussing the bus and its role in Wellesley's social life appeared in the February 22, 2006 issue of The Harvard Crimson. This article referred to the bus as the "Cuddle Shuttle" and "Fuck Truck" and did not use the shuttle's official name.
References
W
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Massachusetts Institute of Technology student life
University and college bus systems
Wellesley College
1966 establishments in Massachusetts
Bus transportation in the Boston area
Transportation in Cambridge, Massachusetts
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wellesley%20College%20Senate%20bus
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The England Under-19 cricket team have been playing official Under-19 Test matches since 1974. Prior to 1991/92 they were known as England Young Cricketers.
Former captains include Mike Atherton, Michael Vaughan, Alastair Cook and Andrew Flintoff, who have all gone on to captain the senior national team in Test matches.
Recent call-ups
This lists all the players who have been selected for England under-19s since the start of the 2021–22 season and their most recent call-up. In that period squads have been named for:
An ODI series away to Sri Lanka in November and December 2021, in which they played five matches.
The 2022 ICC Under-19 Cricket World Cup in the West Indies in January and February 2022.
A series at home to Sri Lanka in August and September 2022, comprising two Tests and three ODIs.
A series away to Australia in January and February 2023, comprising two Tests, three ODIs and one T20.
A series at home to Ireland in August 2023, comprising two ODIs, and a series at home to Australia in August and September 2023, comprising five ODIs and two Tests.
The team's coach is Michael Yardy, who has been in position since October 2022.
= withdrew injured
Performances at Under-19 World Cups
References
External links
England Development Programme at ecb.co.uk
Under-19 cricket teams
C
C
England in international cricket
Wales in international cricket
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/England%20under-19%20cricket%20team
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Discography '93–'99 is a career-spanning compilation of tracks by Lethargy, a Rochester, New York-based mathcore band.
Track listing
Disc one
Subtle (3:29)
Stitch (3:43)
Little Man (2:59)
Image Tool (4:32)
Grope (4:10)
Careborne (3:19)
Humor Me (3:37)
Create (4:09)
Spill (5:44)
Erased (3:10)
Medley (7:32)
Spineless (4:14)
Thread (5:10)
Among (3:38)
Humorless (6:24)
Disc two
Intro / Lost in This Existence (4:54)
The Entombment (3:50)
Among the Dead I Lie (4:13)
The Persistent Unknown (2:38)
Grieve into the Eyes that Bleed (5:14)
Intro / Tainted (3:33)
Sane (2:29)
Soil (2:36)
All Things End (3:47)
Distraught (3:51)
Humor Me (3:44)
Create (4:21)
A Moment Away (4:42)
Breathing You (4:59)
Thread (5:25)
Jabba" (2:22)
Lost "Unplugged" (4:32)
Notes
Disc one, tracks 1–3 were previously unreleased and were recorded in 1999.
Disc one, track 4 was taken from Watchmen Studios: The Compilation, released in 1997.
Disc one, track 5 was taken from Watchmen Studios: The Compilation Vol. 2, released in 1998.
Disc one, tracks 6–15 make up the album It's Hard to Write with a Little Hand, released in 1996.
Disc two, tracks 1–5 make up the Lost in This Existence demo, recorded in 1993.
Disc two, tracks 6-10 make up the Tainted demo, recorded in 1994.
Disc two, tracks 11–16 make up the Humor Me, You Funny Little Man (The Red Tape) demo, recorded in 1995.
Disc two, track 17 was taken from 7-inch split with Big Hair, released in 1994.
References
External links
Discography '93–'99 at Discogs
Lethargy (band) albums
2000 greatest hits albums
Albums recorded at Watchmen Recording Studios
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discography%20%2793%E2%80%93%2799
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The Ireland national under-19 cricket team represents All-Ireland in under-19 international cricket.
Ireland has qualified for the Under-19 Cricket World Cup on eight occasions, most recently in 2018. This is the most of any European country outside England. Ireland's best result came at the 2010 World Cup in New Zealand, where they finished tenth.
History
Ireland won the 2009 ICC Under-19 Cricket World Cup Qualifier which was held in Canada. The team gained victories over the U-19 teams of Hong Kong, Canada, Uganda, Sierra Leone, Vanuatu, the Netherlands and Afghanistan.
The team lost only one match to the United States. Ireland's performance in this tournament gained them qualification for the 2010 ICC Under-19 Cricket World Cup.
Among other ICC full members, Ireland has beaten only Afghanistan (once) and Zimbabwe (twice) at the Under-19 World Cup. At the time of their victories over Zimbabwe, Ireland was an associate member.
Ireland was added to the 2016 Under-19 Cricket World Cup on 6 January 2016, after Australian under-19s withdrew due to security concerns. They announced their squad two days later.
Under-19 World Cup record
Records
All records listed are for under-19 One Day International (ODI) matches only.
Team records
Highest totals
329/9 (50 overs), v. , at Chattogram, 23 February 2004
304/9 (50 overs), v. , at Colombo, 14 February 2006
291/9 (50 overs), v. , at Chattogram, 29 February 2004
288/6 (50 overs), v. , at Lincoln, 27 January 2018
278/8 (50 overs), v. , at Lincoln, 23 January 2018
Lowest totals
65 (24.2 overs), v. , at Queenstown, 17 January 2010
71 (27.5 overs), v. , at Crab Hill, 30 December 2021
78 (30 overs), v. , at Kurunegala, 23 January 2000
97 (29.1 overs), v. , at Colombo, 5 February 2006
97 (28.5 overs), v. , at Whangarei, 16 January 2018
Individual records
Most career runs
606 – Eoin Morgan (2004-2006)
318 – Gary Wilson (2004-2006)
296 – Paul Stirling (2008-2010)
249 – Harry Tector (2016-2018)
241 – Kevin O'Brien (2004)
Highest individual scores
124 (126 balls) – Eoin Morgan, v. at Colombo, 14 February 2006
117 (129 balls) – Eoin Morgan, v. , at Chattogram, 23 February 2004
114 (102 balls) – Paul Stirling, v. , at Queenstown, 19 January 2010
111* (113 balls) – Josh Cox, v. , at Georgetown, 15 January 2022
101 (113 balls) – Harry Tector, v. , at Lincoln, 27 January 2018
Most career wickets
27 – Greg Thompson (2004-2008)
20 – Matthew Humphreys (2021-2022)
18 – Dwayne McGerrigle (1998-2000)
16 – Gary Kidd (2004-2006)
15 – George Dockrell (2010-2012), James Hall (2006-2008)
Best bowling performances
6/50 (9.4 overs) – Niall McDarby, v. , at Colombo, 8 February 2006
5/16 (10 overs) – Keith Spelman, v. , at Johannesburg, 19 January 1998
5/20 (7.4 overs) – Muzamil Sherzad, v. , at Port-of-Spain, 29 January 2022
5/21 (6.4 overs) – Reuben Wilson, v. , at Cave Hill, 2 January 2022
5/26 (10 overs) – Dwayne McGerrigle, v. , at Boksburg, 12 January 1998
References
External links
Ireland at Cricinfo
2010 Under-19 Cricket World Cup squads
1998 establishments in Ireland
Under-19 cricket teams
Under-19
Cricket clubs established in 1998
C
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ireland%20under-19%20cricket%20team
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Radfan or the Radfan Hills is a region of the Republic of Yemen. In the 1960s, the area was part of a British protectorate of Dhala (a member of the Federation of South Arabia) and was the site of intense fighting during the Aden Emergency. In 1964, local Qutaibi tribespeople attacked the British on the Aden to Mecca caravan route which passed through the nearby town Dhala (Ad Dali'). The tribespeople had traditionally collected tolls from passing caravans, but the implementation of the customs union of the Federation of South Arabia in 1962 put a stop to this. The tribespeople resented the loss of this income.
The highest peak is Jebel Huriyah at 1867m (6125 ft).
External links
"Radfan" page at The History of British Military Conflicts since 1945 Unavailable 5 August 2018.
"Tracking the 'Red Wolves of Radfan': from 1964 through 1967" Unavailable 5 August 2018.
History of Yemen
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radfan
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Červené Dřevo () is a hamlet in Chudenín in Klatovy District in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic.
Geography
Červené Dřevo is located about southwest of Klatovy, about 1 km east of the border with Germany. It is situated in Fleky part of the municipality of Chudenín.
History
Červené Dřevo (under its German name Rothenbaum) was founded after the Thirty Years' War (mid-17th century). Situated in the historical region of Sudetenland, it was inhabited by Sudeten Germans. The church was founded in 1680. In 1880, the settlement consisted of ten houses.
From the revolution in 1848 until World War I, Červené Dřevo/Rothenbaum was a separate municipality, and included also the nearby village of Fleky. After the war, Fleky became a municipality and Červené Dřevo was attached to it. Following the expulsion of Germans from Czechoslovakia after World War II, the village was deserted and destroyed, and Czechoslovak border fortifications during the Cold War were installed. The locality then fell under the administration of the municipality of Chudenín.
Sights
The Church of Our Lady of Sorrows used to be in the village. It was burned in 1953 and the ruins were demolished shortly after. In the early 1990s, the expellees erected a memorial in the ruins of the church.
References
External links
Map of the Pfarrei Rothenbaum im Böhmerwald
Populated places in Klatovy District
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cerven%C3%A9%20D%C5%99evo
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Harry Whittington (February 4, 1915 – June 11, 1989) was an American mystery novelist and one of the pioneers of the paperback novel. Born in Ocala, Florida, he worked in government jobs before becoming a writer.
His reputation as a prolific writer of pulp fiction novels is supported by his writing of 85 novels in a span of twelve years (as many as seven in a single month) mostly in the crime, suspense, hardboiled, and noir fiction genres. In total, he published over 200 novels. Seven of his writings were produced for the screen, including the television series Lawman (1958-1962). His reputation as 'The King of the Pulps' is shared with author H. Bedford-Jones. Eight of Whittington's hardboiled noir novels were republished by Stark House Press.
Pseudonyms
Whittington was published both under his own name, and with several pseudonyms:
Ashley Carter
Curt Colman
John Dexter
Tabor Evans
Whit Harrison
Robert Hart-Davis
Kel Holland
Harriet Kathryn Myers
Suzanne Stephens
Blaine Stevens
Clay Stuart
Hondo Wells
Harry White
Hallam Whitney
Henri Whittier
J. X. Williams
William Vaneer
Bibliography
Novels
as Harry Whittington
Vengeance Valley (1947)
Her Sin (1947)
Slay Ride For A Lady (1950)
The Brass Monkey (1951)
Call Me Killer (1951)
Fires That Destroy (1951)
The Lady Was A Tramp (aka Murder At Midnight) (1951)
Married To Murder (1951)
Murder Is My Mistress (1951)
Drawn To Evil (1952)
Forever Evil (1952)
Mourn The Hangman (1952)
Satan's Widow (aka Dear Deadly Past) (1952)
Body And Passion (1952)
Girl On Parole (1952)
Savage Love (1952)
Swamp Kill (1952)
So Dead My Love (aka Let's Count Our Dead) (1953)
Vengeful Sinner (aka Die, Lover) (1953)
Sinner's Club (aka Teen-Age Jungle) (1954)
You'll Die Next (1954)
Love Cult (1954)
The Naked Jungle (1955)
One Got Away (1955)
Saddle the Storm (1955)
Brute In Brass (aka Forgive Me, Killer) (1956)
Desire In The Dust (1956)
Girl On Sin Street (1956)
The Humming Box (aka A Package Of Murder) (1956)
Saturday Night Town (1956)
A Woman On The Place (1956)
Across That River (1957)
Man In The Shadow (1957)
One Deadly Dawn (1957)
Play For Keeps (1957)
Temptations Of Valerie (1957)
Trouble Rides Tall (1958)
Web Of Murder (1958)
Backwoods Tramp (aka A Moment To Prey) (1959)
Halfway To Hell (1959)
Shack Road Girl (1959)
Strange Bargain (1959)
Strangers On Friday (1959)
A Ticket To Hell (1959)
Lust for Love (1959)
Naked Lust (1959)(credited to Shep Shepard who may be Harry Whittington)
Connolly's Woman (1960)
The Devil Wears Wings (1960)
Guerrilla Girls (1960)
Heat Of Night (1960)
Hell Can Wait (1960)
Rebel Woman (1960)
A Night For Screaming (1960)
Strip The Town Naked (1960)
Vengeance Is the Spur (1960)
Nita's Place (1960)
God's Back Was Turned (1961)
Journey Into Violence (1961)
A Woman Possessed (1961)
Desert Stake-Out (1961)(sometimes credited to Whittington pseudonym Hondo Wells)
A Trap for Sam Dodge (1961)
The Young Nurses (1961)
69 Babylon Park (1962)
A Haven For The Damned (1962)
Hot As Fire, Cold As Ice (1962)
Wild Sky (1962)
Cora Is A Nympho (1963)
Don't Speak To Strange Girls (1963)
Drygulch Town & Prairie Raiders(1963) (two novels in one volume)
Cross The Red Creek (1964)
The Fall of the Roman Empire (1964)
Hangrope Town (1964)
Wild Lonesome (1965)
The Dooms day Affair (1965) (part of the Man From U.N.C.L.E. television series)
Valley of Savage Men (1965)
Doomsday Mission (1967)
Burden's Mission (1968)
Treachery Trail (1968)(part of the "Bonanza" television series)
Charro (1969)
High Fury (1970)
Rampage (1978)
Heat of Night (2012)
Omnibus
Drawn to Evil / The Scarlet Spade (1952) (with Eaton Goldthwaite)
Night for Screaming / Any Woman He Wanted (2006)
To Find Cora / Like Mink Like Murder / Body and Passion (2009)
Rapture Alley / Winter Girl / Strictly for the Boys (2012)
Collections
Pulp Masters: Stories (2001) (with Martin H. Greenberg and Ed Gorman)
The Dimes Of Harry Whittington Vol. 1 (2000)
The Dimes Of Harry Whittington Vol. 2 (2000)
The Dimes Of Harry Whittington Vol. 3 (2000)
as Ashleigh Carter
The Sword of the Golden Stud (1977)
Panama (1978)
Against All Gods (1982)
The Outlanders (1983)
Embrace the Wind (1984)
A Darkling Moon (1985)
Blackoaks Series
Master of Blackoaks (1977) (with Lance Horner)
Secret of Blackoaks (1980)
Heritage of Blackoaks (1981)
A Farewell to Blackoaks (1984)
Falconhurst Series
Taproots of Falconhurst (1979)
Scandal of Falconhurst (1980)
Rogue of Falconhurst (1983)
Road to Falconhurst (1983) (with Lance Horner)
Miz Lucretia of Falconhurst (1985)
Mandingo Master (aka Mandingo Mansa)(1986)
Falconhurst Fugitive (1988)
as Whit Harrison
Swamp Kill (1951)
Body and Passion (aka Dear Deadly Past) (1952)
Girl on Parole (1952)
Savage Love (1952)
Violent Night (aka Rogue Cop) (1952)
Sailor's Weekend (1952)
Rapture Alley (1953)
Shanty Road (1953)
Army Girl (1953)
Strip the Town Naked (1960)
A Woman Possessed (1961)
as Harriet Kathryn Myers
Small Town Nurse (1962)
Prodigal Nurse (1963)
as Blaine Stevens
The Outlanders (1979
Embrace the Wind (1982)
Island of Kings (1988)
as John Dexter
(John Dexter was a pen name used by many authors. These novels are believed to be written by Harry Whittington)
Isle of Sin (1961)
Passion Gang (1962)
Shame Dame (1963)
Flesh Curse (1964)
Pushover (1964)
Saddle Sinners (1964)
Sin Psycho (1964)
Lust Dupe (1964)
Sin Is Where You Find It (1965)
Baptism in Shame (1965)
Passion Ring (1965)
Remembered Sin (1965)
Sharing Sharon (1965)
Sin Fishers (1965)
The Wedding Affair (1965)
Passion Burned (1965)
Shame Union (1965)
The Shame Tigers (1966)
The Abortionists (1966)
The Sinning Room (1966)
Blood Lust Orgy (1966)
Chuck-A-Lust (1967)
as Kel Holland
You'll Die Next! (1954)
Web of murder (1958)
The Strange Young Wife (1963)
The Tempted (1964)
Forgive Me, Killer (1987)
as Clay Stuart
His Brother's Wife (1964)
as Hallam Whitney
Backwoods Hussy (1952)
City Girl (1952)
Shack Road (1952)
Backwoods Shack (1953)
The Wild Seed (1956)
as J.X. Williams
The Lust Sleepers (1964)
The Shame Hiders (1964)
Lust Farm (1964)
Flesh Avenger (1964)
Passion Flayed (1965)
Passion Hangover (1965)
Lust Buyer (1965)
Man Hater (1965)
Flesh Snare (1966)
Sisters in Sin (1966)
Baby face (1966)
Passion Cache (1966)
Parisian Passions (1966)
Saigon Sin-Spree (1967)
High School Harlots (1967)
as Harry White
Shadow at Noon (1955)
as Curt Colman
Flamingo Terrace (1965)
Flesh Mother (1965)
Hell Bait (1966)
The Taste of Desire (1966)
The Latent Lovers (1966)
Sinners after Six (1966)
Sin Deep (1966)
Sinsurance (1966)
Grim Peeper (1967)
Balcony Of Shame (1967)
Mask Of Lust (1967)
as Tabor Evans
(Tabor Evans was a pen name used by many authors who wrote the "Longarm" western series of books. These novels are known to be written by Harry Whittington)
Longarm On the Humboldt (1981)
Longarm and the Golden Lady (1981)
Longarm and the Blue Norther (1981)
Longarm in Silver City (1982)
Longarm in Boulder Canyon (1982)
Longarm in the Big Thicket (1982)
Film Adaptations
Desire in the Dust (1960)
Black Gold (1962) based on a story by Harry Whittington.
Adiós gringo (1965) from the novel Adios (no novel by that name, assumed to be a story)
Dead in the Water (1991) from Web of Murder''
External links
Sources
Bio at bleekerbooks.com
Harry Whittington: The King of Pulp Originals
20th-century American novelists
American male novelists
1915 births
1990 deaths
Pulp fiction writers
People from Ocala, Florida
Novelists from Florida
20th-century American male writers
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry%20Whittington%20%28author%29
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The West End is a neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts, bounded generally by Cambridge Street to the south, the Charles River to the west and northwest, North Washington Street on the north and northeast, and New Sudbury Street on the east. Beacon Hill is to the south, North Point is across the Charles River to the north, Kendall Square is across the Charles River to the west, and the North End is to the east. A late 1950s urban renewal project razed a large Italian and Jewish enclave and displaced over 20,000 people in order to redevelop much of the West End and part of the neighboring Downtown neighborhood. After that, the original West End became increasingly non-residential, including part of Government Center (formerly Scollay Square) as well as much of Massachusetts General Hospital and several high rise office buildings. More recently, however, new residential buildings and spaces, as well as new parks, have been appearing across the West End.
Geography
The West End occupies the northwest portion of the Shawmut Peninsula. Much of the land on which the neighborhood lies is the product of land reclamation. Beginning in 1807, parts of Beacon Hill were used to fill in a small bay and mill pond that separated Beacon Hill and the West End from the North End. Today the neighborhood consists primarily of superblocks containing high rise residential towers. The West End borders the Charles River between the Longfellow Bridge and the Charles River Dam Bridge. The Charlesbank Playground runs along the bank of the river, but is separated from the rest of the neighborhood by Storrow Drive, a large crosstown expressway.
Early days
In the late 18th and early 19th centuries, Boston's waterfront and North End were becoming overcrowded, and many of the city's well off residents took the opportunity to develop the area now known as the West End. At that time, the area was separated from the older neighborhoods by a small bay. The architect Charles Bulfinch was responsible for much of Boston's architectural character at the time, and played a large part in this new development of the West End.
Bulfinch spent much of his early career in the 1790s designing mansions, many of them in the West End and other Boston neighborhoods. One of the most famous examples of these was the first Harrison Gray Otis House. This historic building was the first of three that Bulfinch designed for the affluent lawyer Harrison Gray Otis, and is one of the few buildings that survived Urban Renewal in the West End. Other West End landmarks designed by Bulfinch were the Massachusetts General Hospital's domed granite building, built 1816–1825 (today known as the Bulfinch Pavilion), and the West End Market on the corner of Grove and Cambridge Streets. Constructed in 1810, this historic market did not survive the area's redevelopment in the 1950s. Bulfinch's architecture of newer large brick buildings with gardens attracted many of Boston's wealthier citizens. By 1810, the West End was inhabited by wealthy business men, merchants, and lawyers. Many would soon move to the nearby Beacon Hill, turning the West End into an African American community and stopping point for new immigrants.
Another early West End building is the Charles Street Jail (1851), designed by Gridley James Fox Bryant, which was renovated into the Liberty Hotel.
West End House
The West End House was originally founded in 1906 as a community center for young immigrant boys. The community center's founding was funded by Boston-area philanthropist and investment banker James J. Storrow. The West End House served as a center for social and community life in Boston's West End neighborhood for over 60 years, opening its doors to young immigrant boys from a myriad of different ethnic and national backgrounds. The urban renewal plans of the 1950s and 1960s, which saw the near complete upheaval of the original West End neighborhood, negatively affected the community center's membership since much of the neighborhood's immigrant population was subsequently displaced. In 1971, thanks in large part to the fundraising efforts of alumni of the original West End House, the West End House was relocated to Allston-Brighton and reimagined into a modernized co-ed center for youth development with a focus on the arts, academics, athletics, and leadership.
Ethnic history
African American history
In the early 19th century the West End, along with Beacon Hill's north slope, became an important center of Boston's African American community. The mostly affluent and white inhabitants of Beacon Hill's south slope were strongly supportive of abolitionism. This encouraged middle and working class free African Americans to move into the nearby North slope and West End. After the Civil War, the West End continued to be an important center of African American culture. It was one of the few locations in the United States at the time where African Americans had a political voice. At least one black resident from the West End sat on Boston's community council during every year between 1876 and 1895.
Immigration
From the second half of the 19th century to the mid-20th century, Boston's West End became a home to many different immigrant groups. The wealthy and middle class business men were almost entirely gone, but many African Americans remained in the neighborhood, making it one of Boston's most diverse. Among the many immigrant groups contributing to this melting pot were Armenians, Greeks, Irish, Lebanese, Italians, Jews, Lithuanians, Poles, Russians, Syrians, Ukrainians and many other Eastern Europeans and Southern Europeans. It was during this period that the neighborhood's population reached its peak at approximately 23,000 residents
As a result of this immigration, the religious make-up of the neighborhood changed dramatically. Protestant churches moved away or shut down, to be replaced by Catholic churches and synagogues. For example, the old West Church, built in 1806 closed in 1892 due to lack of congregation. It reopened two years later as a library to better serve the new community.
Irish
Irish immigrants were among the first to settle the West End. After briefly passing through the North End, many Irish families moved on to the West and South ends. The West End soon developed a thriving Irish community.
Later on, this community became associated with Martin Lomasney. Lomasney, also known as "the Mahatma", was the ward boss of Boston's Ward 8 located in the West End. He was well known for taking care of the community that had developed there, especially the Irish families.
Early in Lomasney's career, he established the Hendricks Club in the heart of the neighborhood. The Hendricks began as a social club and gathering place, but later turned into the center of Lomasney's political machine. It was from here that he began to provide social services, charity, and shelter for poor immigrants. In return, he was able to drum up votes and support from much of the neighborhood.
Jewish community
By the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the Irish immigration had slowed and Eastern European Jews began to immigrate into the West End in large numbers. Many came to escape persecution in Lithuania, Russia, and Poland. They formed a community in the West End and became a significant part of the population by 1910. They made their home in the neighborhood, constructing health centers, libraries, labor unions, loan societies, orphanages, and synagogues. Actor Leonard Nimoy was raised in this community. The new Boston Synagogue, the 1919 Vilna Shul, and the African Meeting House which was the home of Anshi Lubuvicher from 1900 to 1972 are the only surviving West End synagogues. The Boston Synagogue is a newly merged congregation; the Vilna Shul at 16 Philips Street, which was outside the urban renewal demolition area, is now a synagogue museum, and the African American Meeting House is now a church museum. Over the Vilna Shul's ark is the double hand symbol for the Kohanim, the ancient Israelite priests, which was the source for the Star Trek Vulcan salute. The Vilna Shul also has pews salvaged from the former Twelfth Baptist Church on which once sat former African American slaves and volunteers in the 54th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment popularized by the movie Glory. The Vilna was the last of the approximately seven West End synagogues to stay open, closing in 1985.
Urban destruction
By the 1950s, Boston's West End had turned into a working poor residential area with scattered businesses with small meandering roads much like the North End. According to most residents, the West End was a good place to live at this time. The once overcrowded neighborhood was in the process of "deslumming" and the population had dropped to around 7,500 residents. By the end of the 1950s, over half of the neighborhood would be completely leveled to be replaced with residential high rises as part of a large scale urban renewal project.
Political background
The large-scale renewal of the West End was first proposed in the 1930s by Nathan Strauss Jr., among others, shortly after the National Housing Act of 1934 was passed. The neighborhood was considered a slum by wealthy Bostonians who did not live there. The working class residents of the West End felt strong ties to the community and so the plan would not become politically feasible until the 1950s.
When the John B. Hynes administration came into power in 1949 city officials recognized that the federal government's Housing Act of 1949 presented the opportunity to remake parts of Boston. The Boston Housing Authority (BHA) held responsibility for developing Boston's urban renewal plans and was designated the city's local public authority for federal funds.
Implementation
As part of a plan to create a "New Boston", the Boston Housing Authority (BHA) and its 1957 successor, the Boston Redevelopment Authority, redeveloped neighborhoods throughout the 1950s and 1960s. The New York Streets section of the South End was redeveloped before the West End, and in the 1960s Scollay Square was leveled to create the Brutalist Government Center afterwards. The motivation behind these projects was to replace neighborhoods that had been classified as slums with neighborhoods that would bring in increased tax revenues. It is estimated that before the renewal project, the tax revenue from the West End was approximately $546,000 a year.
The redevelopment of the West End was officially announced on April 11, 1953. Mayor Hynes and the BHA stated that the project would be beneficial to the neighborhood. The West End's narrow streets were a fire hazard and many of the buildings were not up to code, with approximately 80% of them substandard or marginal. Tenants were assured that affordable housing would be found for them, and many were led to believe that they would be able to move back into the West End after the project was complete.
The plan involved completely leveling a portion of the West End, displacing 2,700 families to make way for 5 residential high rise complexes that would contain only 477 apartments. The new development was aimed towards upper middle class residents: most of those displaced would not be able to afford to return.
In October 1957, the BRA held a hearing on the new project. At least 200 West End residents attended and the consensus was overwhelmingly opposed to the plan. The Save the West End committee was formed with the support of Joseph Lee to organize protests against the new development. Most residents believed that the project would not be realized, and so did not act until it was too late.
Residents received their eviction letters on April 25, 1958. The BRA used the Housing Act of 1949 to raze the West End to the ground. Working-class families were displaced, and superblocks replaced the original street layout. The result was a neighborhood consisting of residential high rises, shopping centers and parking lots.
Controversy
The urban renewal of the West End has been attacked by critics for its destruction of a neighborhood and its careless implementation. One of the main criticisms of the project is that the neighborhood was not considered a slum by the residents, and instead had a strong sense of community. A later mayor of Boston, Ray Flynn, described the West End as "a typical neighborhood" and "not blighted." The perception of the neighborhood as a slum was mostly held by wealthy outsiders and was enhanced by city policy. For example, the city stopped collecting garbage and cleaning the streets, leaving the neighborhood a mess. A photographer for a local newspaper was even assigned to go to the West End, overturn a trashcan, and take a picture of it to create the impression of a blighted neighborhood.
Many building owners were not adequately compensated for their property. Due to city law, as soon as tenement buildings were condemned by the BRA, the city became the legal owner. This meant that building owners had no income as rent was paid directly to the city. Soon owners became desperate to sell their property at severely reduced prices.
The justification for razing the West End has also been called into question. Some say that, as one of the neighborhoods that supported the former mayor, it was in the political sights of the Hynes administration. The entire net cost of the project was $15.8 million, not including the additional loss of tax dollars for the years that the West End was vacant. It is uncertain as to whether the increased tax revenue would ever be enough to justify the costs.
The negative effect of urban renewal on the former residents of the West End has been well documented. Between one quarter and one half of the former residents were relocated to substandard housing with higher rents than they were previously paying. Approximately 40% also suffer from severe long term grief reactions. Many former residents share their memories and grief through the West Ender Newsletter, published with the tag line, "Printed in the Spirit of the Mid-Town Journal and Dedicated to Being the Collective Conscience of Urban Renewal and Eminent Domain in the City of Boston." The destruction of the West End community led to a strong distaste for urban renewal in Boston. In 2015, Boston Redevelopment Authority director Brian P. Golden officially apologized for the demolition of the neighborhood.
Present day
Today, the West End is a mixed-use commercial and residential area. A few non-residential areas were spared from the urban renewal of the 1950s, such as Massachusetts General Hospital, the Charles Street Jail, and the Bulfinch Triangle—a small section surrounded by Causeway, Merrimac, and North Washington Streets. Massachusetts General Hospital and the Charles Street Jail are located in the northwest section, while Government Center which was the former site of Scollay Square, comprises the southern section. Most of the northern section is covered by North Station and the TD Garden.
The character of the area prior to the urban renewal can still be seen in existing commercial and mixed use building of the Bulfinch Triangle. Here there are a few pubs and restaurants that feed off the traffic traveling to and from Faneuil Hall and the Garden. The residential areas that have been rebuilt are primarily upscale highrises, though the neighborhood is currently making strides to re-establish the close knit community that once was. The West End Museum currently has a permanent exhibition outlining the history of the neighborhood and its residents, while the West End Community Center hosts classes and events, in addition to putting on the annual West End Children's Festival.
42 Lomasney Way
One of the survivors of the West End's redevelopment phase is 42 Lomasney Way. Originally constructed in the 1870s, the building survived multiple redevelopment attempts, as well as two fires. Called "The Last Tenement" due to it being the only tenement structure still located in the West End, it also has been home to an associate of the Angiulo Brothers crime family.
Demographics
According to the city of Boston, the total population was 4,080 as of the 2010 United States Census. 75.2% of residents were white, 16.2% were Asian, and 8.4% were some other race. Housing in the West End was about 89.3% occupied.
Notable people
Jules Aarons (1921–2008), photographer "remembered for his poignant portraits of Boston's West End"
James George Barbadoes (1796-1841), abolitionist
Jennie Loitman Barron (1891–1969), suffragist, lawyer, and judge
Bernard Berenson (1865–1959), art historian
Lawrence Berk (1908–1995), founder of Berklee College of Music
Hyman Bloom (1913–2009), artist and key figure in the Boston Expressionist movement
Kirk Boott (1790–1837), industrialist
Buddy Clark (1912–1949), singer
John P. Coburn (1811–1873), abolitionist
Thomas Dalton (1794–1883), abolitionist
George W. Forbes (1864-1927), journalist, librarian
Eliza Ann Gardner (1831–1922), abolitionist and religious leader
Leonard Grimes (1815–1873), pastor, abolitionist
Alan L. Gropman (b. 1938), military officer and college professor
Primus Hall (1756–1842), civic leader
Lewis Hayden (1811–1889), abolitionist
John T. Hilton (1801–1864), abolitionist
Robert Dwyer Joyce (1830–1883), poet
Joseph E. Levine (1905–1987), film producer
Barzillai Lew (1743–1822), Revolutionary War soldier
Annie “Londonderry” Cohen Kopchovsky (1870–1947), first woman to ride around the world on a bicycle
Thomas Melvill (1751–1832), American patriot
William Cooper Nell (1816–1874), abolitionist
Leonard Nimoy (1931–2015), actor
John Boyle O'Reilly (1844–1890), poet
Harrison Gray Otis (1765–1848), politician
Thomas Paul (1773–1831), minister, abolitionist
Sumner Redstone (1923-2020), media magnate
Ruth Roman (1922–1999), actress
George Lewis Ruffin (1834–1886), the first African-American graduate of Harvard Law School and the first black judge in the United States
Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin (1842–1924) and her daughter Florida Ruffin Ridley (1861–1943), civil rights activists
John J. Smith (1820–1906), abolitionist
Isaac H. Snowden (1826–1869), physician, Liberian colonist
David Walker (1796–1830), abolitionist
Daniel A. Whelton (1872–1953), politician
See also
Bowdoin Square
Charles Street Jail
Leverett Street Jail (1822–1851)
Massachusetts General Hospital
Mission Hill, Boston
Nashua Street Park
National Theatre (1836–1863)
North Station
Old West Church
Revere House (1847–1912)
West End Museum
References
Further reading
Books
External links
Boston Pictorial Archive. Boston Public Library on Flickr. Images of West End, Boston.
The West End Community Center
Global Boston: The West End
Neighborhoods in Boston
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West%20End%2C%20Boston
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Aragarças is a municipality in southwest Goiás state, Brazil.
Location
Aragarças is the most important town in the Aragarças Microregion. It is 410 km from the state capital, Goiânia on the confluence of two important rivers, the Garças and the Araguaia River.
Highway connections with Goiânia are made by GO-060 / Trindade / Turvânia / Israelândia / Iporá / Piranhas / BR-158 / Bom Jardim de Goiás.
Municipal boundaries are with:
North and Northwest: Araguaia River
South and West: Baliza and Bom Jardim de Goiás
East: Montes Claros de Goiás and Bom Jardim de Goiás
It is separated from Barra do Garças in Mato Grosso by a bridge over the Araguaia River. The main highway connections are made by BR-158, BR-70, GO-194 and GO-060.
Demographic and Political Data
Population density: 24.11 inhabitants/km2 (2007)
Population growth rate 2000/2007: 0.48.%
Urban population in 2007: 16,776
Rural population in 2007: 380
Eligible voters: 12,305 (12/2007)
City government in 2005: mayor (Marcos Antônio de Oliveira), vice-mayor (Osmar Rezende), and 09 councilmembers
Transport
Aragarças Airport is a small airfield that serves mainly private aircraft with one single paved runway. The airfield has no terminal building with just a small hangar. The closest airport is Barra do Garcas Airport SBBW.
The municipality is served by three major roads:
Federal Highway 70
Goiás State Highway GO-194
Federal Highway 158
Economy
The main economic activities are cattle raising, commerce, and tourism.
The population was employed in transformation industries, commerce (174 units), hotels and restaurants, and public administration (297 workers). The informal economy is also very strong.
In recent years tourism has become one of the main sources of income, driven by the natural environment of the area. It is one of the most visited touristic points in the state, especially in the months of June and July, when enormous sandbanks are exposed on the Araguaia River, creating kilometers of pristine beaches. The Araguaia is a sought after location for sport fishing.
There were 26,500 cattle registered in 2006. The main agricultural products were rice and corn. There was also production of charcoal and hardwoods.
Health and education
infant mortality rate: 24.58
literacy rate: 88.2% (2000)
health establishments: 06
hospitals: 01 (2007)
hospital beds: 31
schools: 17 (2006)
students: 5,538
HDI-M: 0.748
State ranking: 81 (out of 242 municipalities)
National ranking: 1,941 (out of 5,507 municipalities)
History
The first penetration into the region now occupied by Aragarças occurred in 1872 by a group of prospectors seeking diamonds from Mato Grosso. They were massacred by the Bororó Indians who lived in the area. In 1933 the news that an enormous diamond had been discovered brought droves of prospectors. In the 1950s Aragarça, the name given to the settlement and made up of the name of the Araguaia River and its tributary the Garças, was the center of the government campaign to open up the east of Mato Grosso. A hotel was built to house visitors and a residential area to house the government workers involved in the project. Other improvements were the building of an airstrip and a concrete bridge over the Araguaia River. Araguaia became a district of Baliza in 1951 and a municipality in 1953.
See also
List of municipalities in Goiás
References
Frigoletto
Municipalities in Goiás
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aragar%C3%A7as
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The men's downhill of the 2006 Winter Olympics was held at Sestriere, Italy, on Sunday, 12 February.
The men's downhill competition is the marquee outdoor event of the Winter Olympics, and is the first alpine event on the schedule. It consists of a single high-speed run down a challenging slope, with a vertical drop exceeding .
The defending Olympic champion was Fritz Strobl of Austria, the reigning world champion was Bode Miller of the United States; Austrian Michael Walchhofer was the defending World Cup downhill champion and led the current season entering the Olympics, ahead of Strobl and American Daron Rahlves.
The thirtieth racer on the course, Antoine Dénériaz of France won the gold medal, Walchhofer took the silver, and the bronze medalist was Bruno Kernen of Switzerland; Miller was fifth, Strobl eighth, and Rahlves tenth. Dénériaz's surprise win was by a margin of 0.72 seconds, the largest in this event in 42 years. He had entered the Olympics tied for tenth in the World Cup downhill standings; his best finish was seventh at Val Gardena in mid-December.
Held on the Kandahar Banchetta piste, the course started at an elevation of above sea level with a vertical drop of and a length of . Dénériaz's winning time of 108.80 seconds yielded an average course speed of , with an average vertical descent speed of .
Results
The race was started at 12:00 local time, (UTC +1). At the starting gate, the skies were partly cloudy, the temperature was , and the snow condition was hard; the temperature at the finish was .
References
External links
Official Olympic Report
FIS results
Downhill
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpine%20skiing%20at%20the%202006%20Winter%20Olympics%20%E2%80%93%20Men%27s%20downhill
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Risley may refer to:
Education
Colored Memorial School and Risley High School, Brunswick, Georgia, U.S.
John Risley Hall, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
Risley Residential College, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, U.S.
People
Surname
Ann Risley (born 1949), American actress and comedian
Bill Risley (born 1967), former MLB pitcher
Elijah Risley (1787–1870), American politician
Herbert Hope Risley (1851–1911), British ethnographer and colonial administrator
John Risley (born 1948), Canadian businessman
Michealene Risley, American writer, director and human rights activist
Thomas Risley (1630–1716), English clergyman
Todd Risley (1937–2007), American psychologist
Walt Risley (died 1971), American football, basketball and baseball coach
Richard Risley (before 1615–1648), Puritan settler
Places
Risley, Derbyshire, England
Risley, Warrington, Cheshire, England
HM Prison Risley, a prison in the district
Risley Township, Marion County, Kansas, United States
Other uses
Risley (circus act), a form of acrobalance
Risley Hall, Derbyshire, a hotel and spa
Risley Moss, an area of peat bog in England
ROF Risley, a former munitions factory near Warrington, England
Samuel Risley-class icebreaker, a class of Canadian icebreakers
See also
Riseley (disambiguation)
Risleya, an orchid
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risley
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The Army Bureau of Current Affairs (ABCA) was an organisation within the British Army during World War II to promote discussion among soldiers about current events, citizenship, and post-war reconstruction.
In August 1940, Lord Croft, Under-Secretary of State for War, had sought the advice of Dr Tom Jones – renowned for his commitment to adult education – about supplying 'mental stimulant' to troops. "TJ" had immediately recommended his protégé William Emrys Williams, who was thus appointed director of the new unit. Both the ABCA and the Directorate of Army Education (run by Lt Col Frederic William Duffield Bendall) came under the Director-General of Welfare and Education.
Williams insisted – despite some controversy – on the right to education, in particular in current affairs, for servicemen and women, and ran the ABCA for the duration of the war. For this role, he became known as ABCA Bill.
The ABCA was a programme of general education for citizenship for servicemen and women: officers attended courses on conducting discussions groups, and these were started as hourly sessions each week. Such was the response that ABCA rapidly expanded resulting in photographic display; wall newspapers articles written by the men themselves; and an "Anglo American Brains Trust". The ABCA issued pamphlets in units and promoted discussions, for instance about post-war reconstruction and the Beveridge report. It met with resistance from Winston Churchill, who felt it was a poor use of military time.
The organisation is sometimes regarded as a factor in the landslide Labour Party victory in the post-war general election in 1945, a charge that was refuted by General Ronald Adam, the Adjutant General, who had overall responsibility for the Bureau. Nonetheless, ABCA organisers and teachers predominantly seem to have been left-wing, as were the soldiers who attended the classes, and classes became dominated by discussion of nationalisation and social justice. The service vote in the election that followed is said to have been the most dramatic reflection of the public mood, with as many as 80% of soldiers voting for the Labour Party according to some sources.
After the war and under the auspices of the Carnegie Trust, Williams transformed the ABCA into the Bureau of Current Affairs, moving their offices to Piccadilly in London and continued their activities in peacetime with the assistance of several ABCA contributors including the artists James Boswell.
ABCA pamphlets and publications
See also
The British Way and Purpose (1944)
Army Educational Corps (AEC)
Notes
External links
Contains some names of ABCA pamphlets
British Army in World War II
Adult education in the United Kingdom
United Kingdom home front during World War II
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Army%20Bureau%20of%20Current%20Affairs
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Alan Woodward (7 September 1946 – 21 May 2015) was a professional footballer who played in the position of outside right for Sheffield United over a 16-year period between 1962 and 1978.
Woodward or Woody as he was nicknamed, will be best remembered for his powerful shots. He was also a dead-ball specialist, especially effective with corners, and scored directly from them on many occasions. Wearing the No.7 shirt; he possessed pace, power, and skill and was a local lad who, it is often said, missed out on international recognition because of his temperament. He played in the Sheffield United goal to cover for injuries.
His first appearances for Sheffield United came in their two County Cup (a regional competition for teams in South Yorkshire) fixtures of season 1963–64, against Rotherham United in the semi-final and Barnsley in the final. The County Cup competition was won by United 4–3 with Woodward scoring the first goal of the game and the first of his first team career.
His League debut came against Liverpool at Anfield on 7 October 1964 and his first goal came on 31 October against Leeds United at Elland Road. He scored 4 goals (including a penalty) in a 7–0 home victory against Ipswich Town on 27 November 1971. He left United at the start of season 1978–79, his final goal being a penalty against River Plate of Argentina, in order to play for the Tulsa Roughnecks, where he was nicknamed "the Boomer" for his strong, high arching and accurate passes and shots on goal, in the North American Soccer League.
He remains the Blades' leading post-war scorer and made a total of 538 league appearances for United.
After retirement Woodward remained in Oklahoma for the rest of his life. In 1984, he established the competitive youth soccer club, Tulsa Sheffield United FC. Throughout his long career whether playing, coaching, training, and volunteering he made a huge impact on youth soccer in Oklahoma. He also worked for American Airlines, retiring in 2009 after a 20 year career. He died on May 21, 2015, at his home in Tulsa, Oklahoma.
Career statistics
References
External links
Profile of Alan Woodward
NASL stats
1946 births
2015 deaths
Footballers from Sheffield
English men's footballers
Sheffield United F.C. players
North American Soccer League (1968–1984) indoor players
North American Soccer League (1968–1984) players
Tulsa Roughnecks (1978–1984) players
English Football League players
English Football League representative players
Men's association football wingers
English expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's soccer players in the United States
English expatriate sportspeople in the United States
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan%20Woodward
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Frontier North, Inc. is a local telephone operating company owned by Frontier Communications.
History
Frontier North was founded as Contel North, Inc., incorporated in Wisconsin in 1992.
GTE acquisition of Contel
Contel was acquired by GTE in 1993. Following its acquisition by GTE, Contel North was renamed GTE North, Inc..
In 1993, Iowa, Missouri, Minnesota, and Nebraska were split off from GTE North into a new company called GTE Midwest, Inc. ConTel of Illinois, ConTel of Indiana, ConTel of Pennsylvania, and ConTel Quaker State were all merged into GTE North.
Acquisition by Verizon
In 2000, parent company GTE merged with Bell Atlantic, becoming Verizon Communications. At this point the company's name was legally changed to Verizon North, Inc.
Sale to Frontier
In 2009, Verizon Communications created a company, New Communications ILEC Holdings, to be sold to Frontier Communications. Verizon North was included with the new company. Frontier purchased the company in 2010. Verizon North's operations in Pennsylvania were spun off into a separate company called Verizon North Retain since those operations were not included in the sale to Frontier. That company was merged into a new company named Verizon North in 2010. The sale became final July 1, 2010, and the company's name was changed to Frontier North, Inc.
Frontier North, Inc. is a current operating company serving Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin.
See also
Frontier Midstates
Verizon North
Sources
Verizon North, Inc.
References
Frontier Communications
Economy of the Midwestern United States
Telecommunications companies established in 1992
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frontier%20North
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The 1979–80 season was the 100th season of competitive football in England.
Diary of the season
11 August 1979: League champions Liverpool defeat FA Cup holders Arsenal 3–1 at Wembley Stadium to win the Charity Shield.
18 August 1979: Arsenal move straight to the top of the First Division table with a 4–0 away win against newly promoted Brighton & Hove Albion on the first day of the League season. The first round of fixtures in the inaugural season of the Alliance Premier League, now the National League, takes place.
31 August 1979: The first month of the season ends with Norwich City, who have never even finished in the top five of the First Division, leading the League alongside 1978 champions Nottingham Forest, after both teams win their first three matches. Middlesbrough are one point behind the leaders. At the bottom, Tottenham Hotspur and Brighton & Hove Albion have yet to gain a point.
5 September 1979: Manchester City sign midfielder Steve Daley from Wolverhampton Wanderers for a national record fee of £1,437,500. In the League Cup second round, braces for Ian Bowyer and John Robertson contribute to Nottingham Forest firing six past Blackburn Rovers.
8 September 1979: The national transfer record fee is broken for the second time in four days when Wolverhampton Wanderers pay almost £1,500,000 for Aston Villa and Scotland striker Andy Gray.
30 September 1979: September ends with newly promoted Crystal Palace, unbeaten after eight games, topping the First Division on goal difference from Manchester United and Nottingham Forest. After losing twice this month, Liverpool occupy ninth place. Derby County, champions in 1972 and 1975, are bottom of the table, joined in the relegation zone by Stoke City and Tottenham Hotspur.
3 October 1979: Liverpool are knocked out of the European Cup 4–2 on aggregate by Dinamo Tbilisi.
13 October 1979: Kazimierz Deyna scores the only goal as Manchester City beat Nottingham Forest, knocking the Midlands club into second place, behind Manchester United. Crystal Palace's unbeaten start to the season ends with a 3–1 defeat to Everton at Goodison Park.
31 October 1979: Manchester United end October as First Division leaders, one point ahead of Nottingham Forest, with Liverpool, Norwich City, Crystal Palace, Wolverhampton Wanderers and Tottenham Hotspur a further two points adrift. Brighton & Hove Albion now occupy bottom place behind Derby County, while Bolton Wanderers have dropped into the relegation zone.
24 November 1979: Joe Jordan's brace helps Manchester United put five past Norwich without reply, struggling Ipswich Town turn over Southampton while Derby are the victors in the East Midlands derby, beating Forest 4–1.
30 November 1979: November ends with Manchester United still top of the First Division, one point ahead of Liverpool. Crystal Palace remain in contention, two points behind the leaders, and Middlesbrough have joined the chasing pack. Bolton Wanderers, Brighton & Hove Albion and Ipswich Town occupy the relegation zone.
26 December 1979: The Steel City derby in the Third Division sees Sheffield Wednesday beat Sheffield United 4–0, attracting a crowd of nearly 50,000.
31 December 1979: The decade ends with Liverpool narrowly ahead of Manchester United at the top of the First Division, having won the clash between the two on Boxing Day. Southampton and Arsenal lead the chasing group, but are eight points behind the leaders. Crystal Palace have fallen to ninth place. Bristol City have joined Derby County and Bolton Wanderers in the relegation zone.
5 January 1980: Fourth Division Halifax Town cause the upset of the FA Cup third round by beating Manchester City 1–0.
8 January 1980: Non-League Harlow Town beat Second Division promotion candidates Leicester City 1–0 in an FA Cup third round replay.
31 January 1980: Liverpool hold a two-point lead over Manchester United at the end of January. Arsenal are third, five points behind the leaders having played two games more.
29 February 1980: With the season approaching its final quarter, Manchester United have moved level on points at the top of the First Division with Liverpool, who have a game in hand. Unbeaten since the beginning of December, Ipswich Town have moved from third-bottom to third-top in less than three months, and are five points behind the leaders in third place. Arsenal and Southampton complete the top five. Bolton Wanderers remain bottom, with just one League win from their first 27 matches, and Derby County and Bristol City also remain in the relegation zone, with Everton occupying the last safe spot.
1 March 1980: Everton lose 2–1 at home to Liverpool in the First Division Merseyside derby, and during the game their legendary former striker Dixie Dean dies from a heart attack in the stands, aged 72. Manchester United's title hopes are dashed by a 6–0 thrashing at Ipswich Town.
8 March 1980: Second Division West Ham United beat Aston Villa 1–0 in the FA Cup sixth round. They are joined in the last four by Liverpool, Everton and holders Arsenal.
15 March 1980: Wolverhampton Wanderers beat Nottingham Forest, who have won the trophy in the last two seasons, 1–0 in the League Cup final thanks to a second-half goal from Andy Gray.
22 March 1980: United win the Manchester derby: Mickey Thomas scores the only goal of the game. Elsewhere in the top-flight, Derby and Bristol City share six, Liverpool beat Brighton and Nottingham Forest win at home to UEFA Cup hopefuls Southampton. The day's high scorers in the Football League are Third Division club Colchester United, who smash six past Brentford.
31 March 1980: Liverpool now have a four-point lead over Manchester United at the top of the First Division. Ipswich Town and Arsenal are the nearest challengers to the top two, and Southampton complete the top five. At the bottom of the table, Bolton Wanderers managed three League wins in March, but are still in bottom place, eight points adrift of safety. Derby County and Bristol City remain with them in the drop zone.
12 April 1980: Both FA Cup semi-finals - Arsenal versus Liverpool and Everton versus West Ham United - end in draws. Bolton Wanderers are relegated from the First Division.
16 April 1980: West Ham United beat Everton 2–1 at Elland Road to reach the FA Cup final. In the other semi-final replay, Arsenal and Liverpool draw again, 1–1.
23 April 1980: Nottingham Forest lose the second leg of their European Cup 1–0 to Ajax, but reach the final for the second year in succession with a 2–1 aggregate victory.
26 April 1980: Derby County, twice champions in the 1970s, are relegated from the First Division with one match remaining. Liverpool's goalless draw at Crystal Palace puts them on the verge of retaining the title.
28 April 1980: Arsenal and Liverpool require another replay after drawing 1–1 again in their FA Cup semi-final second replay at Villa Park.
29 April 1980: Bristol City lose 5–2 at Southampton to take the final First Division relegation spot.
30 April 1980: Liverpool are level on points with Manchester United at the end of April, with a superior goal difference and with two matches remaining to the Red Devils' one. Ipswich Town are third, five points behind.
1 May 1980: Arsenal finally reach the FA Cup final after beating Liverpool 1-0 in the FA Cup semi-final third replay at Highfield Road. Liverpool agree a fee of £300,000 for Chester striker Ian Rush, 18.
3 May 1980: Liverpool clinch the league title in their penultimate league game of the season by beating Aston Villa 4–1 at Anfield. The result is rendered academic by Manchester United's 2–0 defeat to Leeds United. Ipswich Town lose the unbeaten League run that they have maintained for over five months against Manchester City, but remain third. Leicester City beat Orient to clinch the Second Division title, and Birmingham City join them in promotion by drawing 3–3 with Notts County. In the Third Division, Kevin Drinkell fires three of Grimsby Town's four without reply at home to Sheffield United; a result that sees the Mariners crowned third-tier champions.
10 May 1980: Trevor Brooking scores the winning goal as Second Division West Ham United triumph 1–0 over holders Arsenal in the FA Cup final.
14 May 1980: Arsenal lose 5–4 in a penalty shoot-out to Valencia after a 0–0 draw in the European Cup Winners' Cup Final.
19 May 1980: More than two weeks after the planned final day of the season, the First Division fixtures are completed when Arsenal lose 5–0 to Middlesbrough. The result leaves Ipswich Town one point ahead of the Gunners in third place.
28 May 1980: Nottingham Forest retain the European Cup by beating Hamburg 1–0 in the final in Madrid. John Robertson scores the only goal in the first half.
13 June 1980: Clive Allen, 19, becomes the most expensive teenager in Europe when he joins Arsenal from Queens Park Rangers in a £1,250,000 deal.
National teams
12 September 1979: England move closer to the 1980 European Championship Finals with a 1–0 win at home to Denmark.
17 October 1979: England virtually guarantee their place in the summer's European Championship Finals by beating Northern Ireland 5–1 at Windsor Park.
22 November 1979: Glenn Hoddle scores on his debut for England in a 2–0 over Bulgaria in a European Championship qualifier.
13 May 1980: England beat world champions Argentina 3–1 in a friendly at Wembley with two goals from David Johnson and one from Kevin Keegan.
17 May 1980: England's run of six consecutive wins ends abruptly in a 4–1 defeat to Wales in the Home Championship.
24 May 1980: England beat Scotland 2–0 at Hampden Park but finish runners-up to Northern Ireland in the Home Championship.
12 June 1980: England's first match at the European Championship Finals for twelve years ends in a 1–1 draw against Belgium. The game is marred by hooliganism in the stands that is only calmed by the use of tear gas by the Italian police.
15 June 1980: England are eliminated from the European Championships after they lose 1–0 to hosts Italy through a late goal from Marco Tardelli.
18 June 1980: England win their final group match at the European Championships 2–1 against Spain, but finish in third place in the group.
UEFA competitions
Brian Clough's Nottingham Forest made up for disappointment in the League by retaining the European Cup and becoming the first team to have won more European Cups than league championships. Arsenal faced Valencia of Spain in the European Cup Winners' Cup final, days after their FA Cup final loss. It finished goalless after extra time, and Arsenal lost the penalty shoot-out after misses from Liam Brady and Graham Rix.
FA Cup
Second Division West Ham United, managed by John Lyall, won the FA Cup, beating Arsenal 1–0 with a Trevor Brooking goal. They are the last team to win the FA Cup from outside the top division.
League Cup
Wolverhampton Wanderers overcame the challenge of European champions Nottingham Forest to lift their second League Cup. The match finished 1–0 with a goal by Andy Gray following a mix-up between goalkeeper Peter Shilton and defender David Needham.
Football League
First Division
Bob Paisley's Liverpool retained their league championship trophy after fighting off a determined challenge by Dave Sexton's Manchester United. Nottingham Forest failed to make a serious title challenge but compensated for this by retaining the European Cup.
Bristol City and Bolton Wanderers were relegated after brief and uneventful spells in the First Division, but Derby County's relegation came just five years after they had been league champions.
Kevin Keegan, the current European Footballer of the Year, ended his three-year spell with Hamburg in Germany and returned to England in a shock £400,000 move to Southampton.
Much of the attention in the early part of the season focused on Manchester City where Malcolm Allison had dismantled the side selling international talents such as Asa Hartford and Peter Barnes and replacing them with unknowns and the uncapped Steve Daley for £1.5 million. City had a mediocre season including an FA Cup defeat by Fourth Division Halifax Town.
Second Division
Leicester City, Sunderland and Birmingham City ended their relatively short spells in the Second Division and occupied the division's three promotion places. Going down were Fulham, Burnley and Charlton Athletic.
Third Division
Grimsby Town, Blackburn Rovers and Sheffield Wednesday all achieved some long-awaited success by gaining promotion from the Third Division. Bury, Southend United, Mansfield Town and Wimbledon occupied the Third Division's relegation places.
Fourth Division
Huddersfield Town and Portsmouth finally achieved some success by gaining promotion from the Fourth Division. Newport County achieved their first promotion since 1939 and Walsall were also promoted. Rochdale finished bottom but survived re-election by one vote ahead of Altrincham.
Top goalscorers
First Division
Phil Boyer (Southampton) – 23 goals
Second Division
Clive Allen (Queens Park Rangers) – 28 goals
Third Division
Terry Curran (Sheffield Wednesday) – 22 goals
Fourth Division
Colin Garwood (Portsmouth and Aldershot) – 27 goals
Non-league football
The divisional champions of the major non-League competitions were:
Awards
Liverpool's Terry McDermott was voted PFA Players' Player of the Year and FWA Footballer of the Year. PFA Young Player of the Year was Tottenham Hotspur's midfielder Glenn Hoddle.
Star managers
Bob Paisley yielded another league title triumph for Liverpool.
Brian Clough retained the European Cup for Nottingham Forest.
John Barnwell took Wolverhampton Wanderers to victory in the League Cup.
John Lyall won the FA Cup for Second Division West Ham United for the second time in five years.
Dave Sexton came close to ending Manchester United's long wait for a league title.
Jock Wallace achieved promotion to the First Division with Second Division champions Leicester City.
Jim Smith's success in the Second Division with promoted Birmingham City ensured that four of the five West Midlands clubs would be playing top-flight football apart from Walsall in 1980–81.
Bobby Robson took Ipswich Town into the UEFA Cup after they finished third in the league.
Terry Neill took Arsenal to the runners-up spot in both the European Cup Winners' Cup and the FA Cup.
Howard Kendall won promotion to the Second Division with Blackburn Rovers.
Len Ashurst clinched Newport County's first promotion for 41 years.
Famous debutants
18 August 1979: Tommy Caton, 16-year-old defender, makes his debut for First Division side Manchester City on the opening day of the season in a goalless home draw with newly promoted Crystal Palace, just weeks after leaving school.
15 September 1979: Gary Stevens, 17-year-old defender, makes his debut for First Division side Brighton and Hove Albion in a 2-0 win over Ipswich Town, at the Goldstone Ground
29 September 1979: Danny Thomas, 17-year-old defender, makes his debut as a substitute for First Division side Coventry City in a 1-1 draw with Tottenham Hotspur, at Highfield Road
12 March 1980: Kevin Ratcliffe, 19-year-old defender, makes his First Division debut for Everton in a 0-0 draw with Manchester United at Old Trafford.
22 March 1980: Paul Bracewell, 17-year-old midfielder, makes his First Division debut as a substitute for Stoke City in a 0-3 defeat to Wolverhampton Wanderers at Molineux.
7 April 1980: Paul Davis, 18-year-old midfielder, makes his First Division debut for Arsenal in a 2–1 win over local rivals Tottenham Hotspur at White Hart Lane.
Deaths
20 August 1979 - Stan Fox, 73, played 136 league games at half-back and full-back for York City in the 1930s.
26 August 1979 – Sam Lawrie, 44, former Middlesbrough and Charlton Athletic winger.
11 September 1979 - Laurie Banfield, 89, played 259 league games for Bristol City between 1911 and 1925 as a left-back, his career disrupted by World War I.
c. 24 January 1980 – Terry Anderson, 35, former Norwich City winger who helped the club reach the First Division for the first time in 1972. He was found drowned on 31 January after going missing a week earlier.
1 March 1980 – Dixie Dean, 73, legendary Everton striker who scored 60 league goals in the 1927–28 season; died on 1 March after suffering a heart attack while watching Everton's game against Liverpool at Goodison Park.
4 March 1980 - Eric Kerfoot, 55, spent most of his professional career with Leeds United, played 349 games at left-half between 1949 and 1959.
24 April 1980 - Johnny McIlwaine, 75, played in defence and attack during the 1920s and 1930s, starting in his native Scotland with Falkirk before moving south of the border to Portsmouth in 1928, later having two spells with Southampton and a spell in Wales with Llanelli. He also served Southampton and Grimsby Town as assistant manager after retiring as a player.
References
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1979%E2%80%9380%20in%20English%20football
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Hakkasan is a Chinese restaurant first opened in Fitzrovia in London, England but has since expanded to many cities worldwide. The restaurant was founded in 2001 by Alan Yau, who was also behind the Wagamama Japanese restaurants and later the Yauatcha restaurant, also in London. It serves modern Chinese cuisine fused with Western upscale dining experience. The Hakkasan group has also branched into hospitality and entertainment including a nightclub opened in Las Vegas.
History
The restaurant opened in April 2001 at Hanway Place, London by Alan Yau. It distinguished itself from the other Chinese restaurants in London by offering upmarket fare combined with Western dining experience. The restaurant has a distinctive interior designed by the French designer Christian Liaigre fusing modern aesthetic with traditional Chinese motifs, and features a carved wooden cage as dining space. Elements of the restaurant design is replicated in other Hakkasan restaurants.
In January 2008, Yau sold the majority interest of Hakkasan and Yauatcha to Tasameem Real Estate, an investment company based in Abu Dhabi. The restaurant expanded quickly, a second London restaurant covering two floors for up to 220 guests opened in November 2010 on Bruton Street in Mayfair. Other Hakkasan restaurants have opened in New York City, San Francisco, Miami, Shanghai, Mumbai, Abu Dhabi, Dubai, and Jakarta, with 12 locations opened in total.
Hakkasan has developed into a global brand since its beginning as a restaurant in London and diversified into other activities. Associated brands of Hakkasan include Ling Ling, OMNIA and Jewel.
The Hakkasan Group has also opened a number of sister restaurants named Ling Ling in Marrakesh, Mykonos, Mexico City, as well as Aker Brygge in Oslo, Norway opened in April 2017. In April 2018, Hakkasan entered into a partnership with Grupo Vidanta to open a chain of venues including an Omnia Dayclub in Mexico. They have also opened a Dayclub Indonesia with KAJA Group and Alila Hotels, and more planned in Saudi Arabia. The group also intends to open boutique hotels.
In May 2020, the Hakkasan Group announced the permanent closure of their San Francisco restaurant, due to the economic impact of COVID-19.
Hakkasan Las Vegas
In 2013, Hakkasan formed a partnership with Angel Management Group creating their first nightclub located at the MGM Grand in Las Vegas. The five-story 80,000 square foot venue holds close to 7,500 patrons. It typically features world class DJs such as Calvin Harris, Hardwell, Nervo and Tiësto, some of which have regular residencies . It is said that some DJs such as Tiësto are paid from $150,000 to $300,000 per night.
Rankings
The London restaurant on Hanway Place gained its first Michelin star rating in January 2003, and became the first Chinese restaurant in Britain to earn a Michelin star. The second restaurant opened in Mayfair also received a Michelin star in 2012, and both have kept their Michelin star as of 2019. In the British magazine Restaurant annual global ranking of The World's 50 Best Restaurants, Hakkasan was ranked in the list from 2004 to 2009, for example, it was rated 14th in 2004, and 19th in 2008.
The Hakkasan nightclub in Las Vegas was ranked No. 3 in the list of Top 100 clubs by DJ Magazine in 2015.
In popular culture
The restaurant was featured in the film ''About A Boy.
See also
List of Chinese restaurants
References
External links
Asian restaurants in London
Buildings and structures in the City of Westminster
Michelin Guide starred restaurants in London
Chinese community in the United Kingdom
Chinese restaurants in the United Kingdom
Tourist attractions in the City of Westminster
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hakkasan
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Isabella Freedman Jewish Retreat Center is a project of Hazon that sits on 400 acres of forest and meadows in the foothills of the southern Berkshires in Litchfield County, Connecticut. Isabella Freedman hosts organizational retreats, Jewish spiritual and environmental events, and private Jewish celebrations including weddings and B'nai Mitzvah. More than 30 Jewish organizations hold events at Isabella Freedman and Isabella Freedman hosts families across Jewish denominations for their popular Jewish holiday vacation programs, such as their yearly Passover, Shavuot, and "Sukkahfest" (Sukkot) retreats. The Center's kitchen is kosher under the supervision of the Hartford Kashrut Commission.
History
The Jewish Working Girls Vacation Society founded the first known Jewish summer camp in 1893 called Camp Lehman on the site of what would be Isabella Freedman. Camp Lehman offered Jewish working women, primarily immigrants in the New York garment industry, an affordable vacation. The camp paid for their vacation and reimbursed campers for lost wages. In 1936, the agency’s name was changed to Camp Isabella Freedman in honor of the philanthropist and board member.
In 1956, what was then Camp Isabella Freedman moved to its current location in Falls Village, Connecticut and instituted residential programs for Jewish senior adults, which have continued every summer since. In the early 1990s, Camp Isabella Freedman opened its doors year-round.
Teva, Adamah, and Hazon at Isabella Freedman
In 1994, Isabella Freedman developed the Teva Learning Center with Surprise Lake Camp, an innovative experiential learning program for Jewish elementary school students that combines ecology, Jewish spirituality, and environmental activism. In 2003, Isabella Freedman launched ADAMAH: The Jewish Environmental Fellowship, a leadership training program in which young adults live communally and engage in a hands-on curriculum that integrates organic farming and sustainable living skills with Jewish learning and living.
In 2004 the Jewish environmental organization Hazon launched its New York Jewish Environmental Bike Ride from Isabella Freedman, and the organization has since hosted most of its annual fundraising bike rides from the site. In 2006 Freedman announced the planned merger of the Isabella Freedman Jewish Retreat Center and the Elat Chayyim Jewish Retreat Center. Hazon hosted its first Jewish food conference at Isabella Freedman in 2006. Isabella Freedman announced its planned merger with Hazon in 2012, and in 2014 the merger was completed. Adamah, Elat Chayyim, and the Teva Learning Center, all based at Isabella Freedman, also merged with Hazon in 2014.
On July 19, 2009, 11 women received smicha (ordination) as kohanot from the Kohenet Hebrew Priestess Institute, based at the Isabella Freedman Jewish Retreat Center, becoming their first priestess ordainees.
References
Official website
Hazon.org: Isabella Freedman Jewish Retreat Center
Jewish summer camps in the United States
Buildings and structures in Litchfield County, Connecticut
Summer camps in Connecticut
Judaism and environmentalism
Jews and Judaism in Connecticut
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isabella%20Freedman%20Jewish%20Retreat%20Center
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The Popsicle EP is the first EP and third major release by the "spunk rock" band Zolof the Rock & Roll Destroyer. Kenny Vasoli (of The Starting Line) performs guest vocals on "Argh... I'm a Pirate", while Anthony Green (of Circa Survive and Saosin) returns to perform additional vocals on "This Was All a Bad Idea".
Track listing
"Argh...I'm a Pirate" – 1:52
"This Was All a Bad Idea" – 2:45
"Oh William" – 3:05
"Crazy = Cute" – 2:16
"Popsicle" – 3:54
References
External links
2004 EPs
Zolof the Rock & Roll Destroyer albums
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Popsicle
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Tang Zhen (, 1630–1704), born Tang Dadao (唐大陶), courtesy name Zhuwan (铸万), was a Chinese philosopher and educator born in Dazhou during the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. His given name was Dahao, but later he changed his given name to Zhen and his courtesy name to Puyuan (圃園).
In 1657, he successfully achieved the rank of juren (举人) or quasi-master's degree provincial level. He then became the mayor of a town in Shanxi province. Later in life he became an author, philosophizing about politics and life.
He is known for his outspokenness. For example, he criticized the autocratic system by writing that "all emperors are thieves since the Qin dynasty" (自秦以來，凡為帝王者皆賊也) in his work.
References
Zhao, Zongzheng, "Tang Zhen". Encyclopedia of China (Philosophy Edition), 1st ed.
Philosophers from Sichuan
Qing dynasty philosophers
17th-century Chinese philosophers
1630 births
1704 deaths
Qing dynasty essayists
Writers from Dazhou
Politicians from Dazhou
Anti-monarchists
Qing dynasty government officials
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tang%20Zhen
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Emília Vášáryová, Doctor Artis Dramaticae (hon.) (; born 18 May 1942) is a Slovak stage and screen actress, whom Variety and other publications refer to as the "First Lady of Slovak Theater". During a career of more than five decades, she has received numerous awards including Meritorious Artist (1978), the Alfréd Radok Award (1996), the Czech Lion Award, the Golden Goblet Award (2008), and a 2010 ELSA award from the Czech Film and Television Academy (2010). Because her younger sister is former diplomat Magdaléna Vášáryová, the daily newspaper iDNES said fans consider her an "Honorary Consul of Czech and Slovak Relations".
Biography
Early years
Vášáryová was born in Horná Štubňa, the First Slovak Republic. However, and along with younger sister Magdaléna (who also became a popular actor), she was raised in Banská Štiavnica, where both their parents taught. Her father, József Vásáry was a member of a Hungarian noble family. He taught Slovak literature and grammar at a gymnasium. Her mother, Hermína, taught German.
As a child and young woman, Vášáryová participated in amateur theater and gymnastics. While at JSŠ high school in Štiavnica, she received a cameo role in the Slovak/Hungarian film St. Peter's Umbrella. She had an uncredited role as a servant girl with only one line, "I'm coming, I'm coming!".
1960s
She hoped to study languages or art history at university, but she lacked the so-called "confidential files" (issued by Communist Party of Czechoslovakia). Eventually she was able to enroll at the Academy of Performing Arts in Bratislava to study theater.
During college she had supporting roles in two black-and-white films, Marching Is Not Always Fun (1960), and Midnight Mass (1962). The film Young Ages (1962) also marked her television debut. Her big break came when she was cast in the lead (as "Diana") in Vojtěch Jasný's The Cassandra Cat, in which a magic cat reveals the true nature of everyone he sees. It premiered at the 1963 Cannes Film Festival, taking two major awards, the C.S.T. Prize and Special Jury prize. The film also won awards at various international festivals in Spain, Greece, Colombia, and Italy.
In December 1963, A Face at the Window (directed by Peter Solan) opened with her cast alongside leads Ladislav Chudík and Štefan Kvietik, both of whom had a significant impact on her career. The following year Chudík invited her to join the ensemble of the Slovak National Theatre, over the objections of some of the senior actors who thought she was too young and inexperienced for such a prominent national stage. She did bring some experience to this opportunity, however, because she had previously spent one season at the Bratislava main stage New Scene. Thanks to the influence of Magda Husáková-Lokvencová, wife of Czech President Gustáv Husák, she appeared in four productions.
Her debut rule at the national playhouse was as Ophelia in Hamlet. In 1967 she received the Janko Borodáč award on the basis of two roles, Helena in Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream, and Florelle in Lope de Vega's comedy The Dancing Master.
She also became more prominent in feature films, including A Jester's Tale, which drew international attention when it brought director Karel Zeman two awards at the San Francisco IFF '64 (for Best Film and Best Direction), and also first prize at Addis Ababa IFF '64 in Ethiopia.
Her other feature films include St. Elizabeth Square (1965), Master Executioner (1966), Trailer People (1966), The Dragon's Return (1967) and There's No Other Way (1968). During this period, Vášáryová also launched her television career, receiving Most Popular Actress in Brno in 1967, and winning the first edition of the national TV contest Golden Croc in 1968.
1970s
Along with acting onstage (in Herodes and Herodias by Pavol Országh Hviezdoslav, Gorky's Vassa Zheleznova and The Last Ones, Palárik's Thanksgiving Adventure, the Sophocles play Antigone and Leo Tolstoy and Erwin Piscator's War and Peace, Vášáryová continued her television career, with roles in The Balade for the Seven Hanged (1968), Parisian Mohicans (1971), Noodledom (1971), The Shepherd Wife (1972), Monna Vanna (1973), and Impatient Heart (1974; in which her sister Magda co-starred). She was cast in several films, including Copper Tower, directed by Martin Hollý Jr. (who had collaborated with Vášáryová in The Balade for the Seven Hanged), which earned a Special Prize at the 21st Film Festival of Proletariats (FFP) in 1970. Martin Ťapák's The Day Which Does Not Die received various domestic awards for best director and best lead male actor for Štefan Kvietik).
The second half of the 70s was a successful period, and she performed strong roles in both film and theater. She played "Zuza" in Who Leaves in the Rain (directed by Martin Hollý Jr), and she received in Prague ZČDU Award for Best Actress at the 13th Festival of Czechoslovak Film (FČSF) in 1975.
Red Wine by Andrej Lettrich, who received the State Prize of Klement Gottwald for his direction, brought her much popularity on screen, and also on television where the drama was presented as a two-episode TV series. Another Lettrich film, The Lawyer, won the Best Film award at the 16th Festival of Czechoslovak Film (FČSF) in České Budějovice in 1978, and brought Vášáryová her second ZČDU Award at the 21st Karlovy Vary International Film Festival, where she also received the ÚV SZŽ Gold Plaque. She was also awarded the honorary title of Meritorious Artist.
1980s
The 1980s were not significant years for major films, and her film career stalled when she reached her forties. However, she did appear in more than 30 television movies. The only two big-screen films she co-starred in were the fairy tale Plavčík and Vratko (1981), directed by Martin Ťapák as their third collaboration (their earlier films featured Journey to San Jago and the Day Which Does Not Die), an adaptation of a short story by Peter Solan, 1984's About Fame and Grass. The Costume designer for both productions became Vášáryová's second husband, Milan Čorba.
Because of this lull in film opportunities, she focused more on her stage career. She played the lead role in Goethe's Iphigenia in Tauris. At the end of the decade, Vášáryová lectured on theater topics at the Academy of Performing Arts in Bratislava. Barbora Bobuľová was one of her students, and she later launched an international career with much recognition, including earning the David di Donatello and Nastro d'Argento awards.
1990s
The Ministry of Culture gave her a lifetime achievement award in 1991. Then Vášáryová launched the fourth decade of her career, concentrating again mostly on TV roles. She did at least sixteen major film roles on television in the 'nineties, including the lead female role opposite Martin Huba) in Marguerite Duras's play La Musica, for which she won a 1992 Telemuse Award for Best TV Actress. It had now been almost eight years since her last appearance on the big screen, but she returned to major films, playing the part of "Silvia" in Red Gypsy (1992), directed by Branislav Mišík. Her role in Hazard (1995) was cast by Roman Petrenko (Czech director, not to be confused with the Russian media executive) making his directing debut. She co-starred in this film based on a true story with Marek Vašut.
Tomáš Krnáč cast Vášáryová in his short film, The Higher Power (1996), playing the role of a diva diagnosed with a serious illness.
In theater, she earned acclaim for her performance as "the Younger Sister" in the Thomas Bernhard play Ritter, Dene, Voss, presented at the Divadlo na Zábradlí Theatre in Prague in 1996. It earned the Best Play of 1996 award.
By the second half of the 'nineties Vášáryová was in her fifties, and successfully revived her legendary screen career. She began to engage more challenging roles. Following The Cage, she left television for almost a decade. She appeared in Martin Šulík's Orbis Pictus, and it was lauded at the International Filmfestival Mannheim-Heidelberg. Vášáryová played the role of mother. She starred in Eva Borušovičová's official debut Blue Heaven (1997), a film that was nominated at several festivals, including at the 32nd Karlovy Vary IFF, and at the independent Cinequest Film Festival held annually in San Jose, California. Return to Paradise Lost by Vojtěch Jasný was a Montréal WFF nominee. Her next picture, Cosy Dens (1999), was a comedy directed by Jan Hřebejk. Vášáryová became that young director's muse and canvas, starring for him throughout in the 2000s. In her stage work, she played the role of Agnes in the Edward Albee play, A Delicate Balance, and she received the Crystal Wing in 1999 as Best Artist in Theater/Film.
2000s
In the year 2000, for her 1999 role as the Old Woman in Ionesco's absurdist tragedy The Chairs, she received the Dosky Award, the Jozef Kroner Award. She also received the Literature Fund award. In 2001, Vášáryová won recognition from a national pool of Czech journalists who rated her as the "Actress of the Century". She acted in over ten stage roles during this period, performing as Maria Callas in Terrence McNally's Master Class, for which she received both the DOSKY and LitFond Awards in 2002. In 2009 she played the main role in Mother Courage and Her Children by Berthold Brecht and Paul Dessau, and in 2011 she was cast as Violet Weston in Tracy Letts' August: Lost in Oklahoma. For the role of Stevie Gray in Edward Albee's The Goat, or Who Is Sylvia? she received yet another DOSKY award in 2004. She also appeared in other local theatres, such as L&S Studio (Three Versions of Life in 2003, or Kingfisher in 2009) and GUnaGU Theater (Turn-away Side of the Moon in 2015). She also starred in stage productions in Prague, mostly working for the Studio DVA theater.
Her television work in the 2000s include a soap opera The Consulting Room at Pink Garden (2007), the series The Old Town's Crime Stories (2010), and a Czech TV movie, Picnic, directed by Hynek Bočan (2014).
Notes
The original show ran until 1989. A similar production, 'Television Bells', had been running in Czechoslovakia since 1985. In 1990 the Golden Croc was replaced by the "I Like" award. Beginning in 1991 the TýTý Awards were given in the Czech Republic, whereas Slovakia founded the OTO Awards in 2000.
Filmography
Awards
Notes
A Won by Lenka Termerová for her role of Mother in Děti noci, directed by Michaela Pavlátová.
B Won by Zdena Studenková. Vášáryová was ranked third, following Anna Šišková.
C Won by Zdena Studenková. Vášáryová was ranked third, following Kamila Magálová.
D Won by Zdena Studenková. Vášáryová was ranked second, followed by Kamila Magálová.
E Won by Zdena Studenková. Vášáryová was ranked third, following Magda Paveleková.
F Won by Petra Polnišová. Vášáryová was ranked third, following Gabriela Dzúriková.
References
General
Specific
Further reading
External links
Emília Vášáryová's gallery by MF DNES
Photos of Vášáryová photos, Kinobox.cx; accessed 10 May 2014.
1942 births
Living people
People from Turčianske Teplice District
Slovak stage actresses
Slovak film actresses
Slovak television actresses
Recipients of Medal of Merit (Czech Republic)
20th-century Slovak actresses
21st-century Slovak actresses
Sun in a Net Awards winners
Czech Lion Awards winners
Order of Ľudovít Štúr
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Em%C3%ADlia%20V%C3%A1%C5%A1%C3%A1ryov%C3%A1
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The National Organization of Social Security Claimants' Representatives (NOSSCR), established in 1979, is an association of more than 4,000 attorneys, non-attorney representatives, and paralegals who represent Social Security Disability Insurance and Supplemental Security Income claimants. The organization provides continuing education and training for persons who represent claimants for disability benefits.
The organization sponsors twice-a-year meetings with lectures and classes, and provides copies of important decisions, and other useful materials to members. The organization regularly comments on proposed changes in federal disability regulations and is regularly invited to provide testimony to Congress on related matters. The Commissioner of Social Security frequently speaks to NOSSCR meetings, providing updates on the federal programs.
NOSSCR recognizes persons who have provided special service to the disabled through the Eileen Sweeney Distinguished Service Award, given to "individuals whose outstanding service has resulted in a significant improvement in the quality of advocacy for Social Security claimants, a significant increase in the availability of advocacy for Social Security claimants, or a significant improvement in the Social Security adjudicatory process."
The organization states that its members are committed to providing high quality representation for claimants, to maintaining a system of full and fair adjudication for every claimant, and to advocating for beneficial change in the disability determination and adjudication process.
See also
Social Security Administration
References
External links
NOSSCR Home Page
Social security in the United States
Legal organizations based in the United States
Law-related professional associations
Organizations established in 1979
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Organization%20of%20Social%20Security%20Claimants%27%20Representatives
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Union of Cinema Production Workers () was an autonomous (non-"charro"-led) Mexican trade union. It was formed in 1944 after splitting off from the CTM-affiliated Union of Cinema Industry Workers (Sindicato de Trabajadores de la Industria Cinematográfica, (STIC)). Mario Moreno "Cantinflas" served as its first secretary general.
References
Entertainment industry unions
Trade unions in Mexico
Politics of Mexico
Trade unions established in 1944
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union%20of%20Cinema%20Production%20Workers
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Huntingtons are a punk band from Baltimore, Maryland which formed in 1993 in the Maryland and Delaware area by Cliff Powell (a.k.a. Cliffy Huntington), Mike Holt (a.k.a. Mikey Huntington) and Mike Pierce (a.k.a. Mikee Huntington). The band is heavily influenced by the Ramones.
Background
Huntingtons debut album, Sweet Sixteen, was released in 1996 by Flying Tart Records. A few months later, their first attempt at recording Ramones covers, entitled Rocket to Ramonia saw limited release via the Burnt Toast Vinyl label. At this point the band added a second guitarist, Tom Rehbein (later in Small Towns Burn a Little Slower). After working with producer Mass Giorgini for the band's next album, Fun and Games, Tom was replaced by Brad Ber. After the album's release in mid-1997, the band started touring and gained a cult following. Their big break came in 1998, when they signed to Tooth & Nail Records and released High School Rock.
After touring for the High School Rock release, the band made a conscious decision to take their Ramones sound to the extreme and released five albums in a one-year period. Live: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly, File Under Ramones and Get Lost all made it into stores before 1999 was over. The band also played the first of what would become two shows as Joey Ramone's backing band at CBGB's in NYC. Plastic Surgery and Split were both released to stores in January 2000. During this period the band went through multiple line-up changes before finally settling in for good with Josh Blackway (a.k.a. Jonny Huntington) on second guitar. Josh Zimmer (a.k.a. Danny No. 2) came in on drums and the band spent the remainder of 2000 on the road touring throughout the US and Europe.
In early 2001, Rock 'N' Roll Habits for the New Wave, a collection of newly recorded versions of selected songs from the band's pre-Tooth&Nail era, was released. Upon completion of this record, Josh Zimmer left the band and original drummer, Mikee, came back to help the band with their next record, Songs in the Key of You, which was released in mid-2001.
Cliffy left the band just before the release of the Songs in the Key of You record and after a short break, the band regrouped with a new guitarist (Andy Dibiaso) and drummer (Rick Wise). They toured extensively in the US, Canada and made their second trip to Europe 2002.
2003 brought two more releases from the band: a split EP, The Soothing Sounds of..., and their final full-length of all new original material, Self-Titled Album.
The band ended their 10-year run in 2005 with a 30-song best-of disc, Growing Up Is No Fun: The Standards '95-'05, and played its final show at the Cornerstone Festival, bringing back Cliffy on guitar.
Two years after the band decided to quit, they reunited for a show in Elkton, Maryland and subsequently decided to keep the band going in part-time "do what we want, when we want" status. In 2009, the band released Punk Sounds, which included b-sides, rarities and two new tracks. Official remasters of several of their albums have also been released. Limited edition vinyl pressings of Sweet Sixteen and Fun and Games were released in mid-2011. A complete collection of the band's demos was released in early 2015 as Prime Times: The Tascam Tapes.
Since 2015, the band has been playing with the lineup of Mike Holt, Jonathan Cliff Walker, Josh Blackway and drummer Chris Eller. Blackway and Eller also tour with C. J. Ramone of the Ramones.
In 2020, the band released ¡Muerto, Cárcel o Rocanrol!, their first full length album of original songs since their self titled album.
Members
Current
Mike Holt ("Mikey"): bass guitar, lead vocals (1993–present)
Cliff Powell ("Cliffy"): guitar, backing vocals (1993–2001, 2005–present)
Josh Blackway ("Jonny"): guitar, backing vocals (1999–present)
Chris Eller: drums (2015–present)
Former
Mike Pierce ("Mikee"): drums (1994–2001, 2009)
Tom Rehbein ("Tommy"): guitar (1996–1997)
Brad Ber ("Bradley"): guitar (1997–1998)
Adam Garbinski ("A. Jay"): guitar (1998–1999)
Justin Garbinski ("Danny #1"): drums (1998–1999)
David Petersen ("Davey"): drums (1999)
Chad Prather ("C.J."): guitar (1999)
Josh Zimmer ("Danny #2"): drums (1999–2001)
Matt Kirkley ("Marty"): bass guitar, lead vocals (2000)
JR Smith: drums (2001)
Rick Wise: drums (2001–2005, 2007–2015)
Andy Dibiaso: guitar, backing vocals (2001–2002 + 1 show on 9/17/15)
Tom Giachero: guitar, backing vocals (2003–2004)
Discography
Studio albums
Sweet Sixteen (1996)
Rocket to Ramonia (1996)
Fun and Games (1997)
High School Rock (1998)
File Under Ramones (1999)
Get Lost (1999)
Plastic Surgery (2000)
Rock 'n' Roll Habits for the New Wave (2001)
Songs in the Key of You (2001)
Self-titled Album (2003)
Pull the Plug (2005)
Rock and Roll Radio (2016)
Muerto, Carcel, O Rocanrol! (2020)
Back to Ramonia (2021)
Split albums
Live at Drexel U (1996)
Split (2000)
The Soothing Sounds of... (2003)
Compilations
Big Hits And Nasty Cuts (1996/2001)
All the Stuff (And More)-Vol 1 (1998)
Growing Up Is No Fun: The Standards '95–'05 (2005)
Punk Sounds (2009)
1-2-3-4!: The Complete Early Years Remastered (2010)
Prime Times: The Tascam Tapes (2015)
Live albums
Live: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly (1999)
Live at CBGB's (7-inch) (2021)
EPs
The Only One (1997)
References
External links
Mikey Huntington's year by year history of the band
[ All Music Guide, The Definitive Guide To Popular Music]
PunkMusic.org
HUNTINGTONS official Facebook page
American punk rock groups
Tooth & Nail Records artists
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Huntingtons
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John Robert Cherry III (October 11, 1948 – May 8, 2022) was an American film director and screenwriter, most notable for creating the character of Ernest P. Worrell, played by Jim Varney.
Career
A native of Nashville, Tennessee, Cherry attended the Ringling School of Art and Design in Sarasota, Florida.
He was the executive vice president and co-namesake of the Nashville-based Carden and Cherry advertising agency, for which the "Ernest" character was developed. He based the character on a man who worked for his father, about whom Cherry said, that he thought he knew everything but did not know anything.
Ernest was portrayed for 15 years by Jim Varney, who at the time of the character's debut was an up-and-coming stand-up comic; after a string of successful commercials and sketches, Cherry directed a television series (Hey, Vern! It's Ernest) and several movies. Cherry made three cameo appearances in his own films: in Slam Dunk Ernest as a basketball spectator, Ernest Goes to Africa as a customer, and in Ernest in the Army as Sergeant Ben Kovsky. In addition to Varney, Cherry also introduced the comic duo of Chuck and Bobby (Gailard Sartain and Bill Byrge respectively), who were integrated into the Ernest films as supporting characters.
Cherry retired the Ernest character after Varney's declining health made it impossible for him to continue in the role (Varney died in 2000). He directed two other films without Ernest: For Love or Mummy, a collaboration with Larry Harmon that sought to reintroduce the long-deceased Laurel and Hardy comic team with new actors (with Hardy portrayed by Sartain); and Pirates of the Plain, for which Cherry had intended to include Varney but could not.
Personal life
Cherry had three children from two marriages. His son Josh appeared in Ernest in the Army as Corporal Davis.
Death
Cherry died from Parkinson's disease on May 8, 2022, aged 73.
Director
1983 Knowhutimean? Hey Vern, It's My Family Album
1985 Dr. Otto and the Riddle of the Gloom Beam
1986 The Ernest Film Festival (video)
1987 Ernest Goes to Camp
1987 Hey, Vern, Win $10,000 (video)
1988 Ernest Saves Christmas
1990 Ernest Goes to Jail
1991 Ernest Scared Stupid
1993 Ernest Rides Again
1995 Slam Dunk Ernest
1997 Ernest Goes to Africa
1998 Ernest in the Army
1999 The All New Adventures of Laurel & Hardy in For Love or Mummy
1999 Pirates of the Plain
2009 Stake Out (video short)
2009 Denton Wants His Mummy (video short)
2009 Denton Rose Paranormal Levitation Trick (video short)
2011 Denton Rose's Shorts (video)
Actor
1997 Ernest Goes to Africa as Customer
1998 Ernest in the Army as Sergeant Ben Kovsky
References
External links
1948 births
20th-century American screenwriters
21st-century American screenwriters
American male screenwriters
Deaths from Parkinson's disease
Film directors from Tennessee
Film producers from Tennessee
People from Franklin, Tennessee
Screenwriters from Tennessee
Writers from Nashville, Tennessee
2022 deaths
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20R.%20Cherry%20III
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John Stanley Marshall (28 August 1941 – 16 September 2023) was an English drummer and founding member of the jazz rock band Nucleus. From 1972 to 1978, he was the drummer for Soft Machine, replacing Phil Howard when he joined.
Biography
Marshall was born in Isleworth, Middlesex on 28 August 1941, and worked with various jazz and rock bands and musicians, among them J. J. Jackson, Allan Holdsworth, Barney Kessel, Alexis Korner, Graham Collier, Michael Gibbs, Arthur Brown, Keith Tippett, Centipede, Jack Bruce, John McLaughlin, Dick Morrissey, Hugh Hopper, Elton Dean, John Surman, Charlie Mariano, John Abercrombie, Arild Andersen, and Eberhard Weber's Colours.
From 1999, he worked with former Soft Machine co-musicians in several Soft Machine-related projects like SoftWare, SoftWorks and Soft Machine Legacy. He toured as a member of the band, which operated under the names Soft Machine again, from 2015 to 2023.
Marshall died on 16 September 2023, at the age of 82.
Discography
with Nucleus
Elastic Rock (1970, Vertigo)
We'll Talk About It Later (1971, Vertigo)
Solar Plexus (1971, Vertigo)
Live at Theaterhaus (1985, Mood)
Ian Carr: Old Heartland (1988, EMI)
with Soft Machine
Studio
Fifth (1972, CBS)
Six (1973, CBS)
Seven (1973, CBS)
Bundles (1975, Harvest)
Softs (1976, Harvest)
Land of Cockayne (1981, EMI)
Abracadabra (as Soft Works) (2003, Tone Center, MoonJune Records)
Soft Machine Legacy (as Soft Machine Legacy) (2006, Moonjune Records)
Steam (as Soft Machine Legacy) (2007, Moonjune Records)
Burden of Proof (as Soft Machine Legacy) (2013,Moonjune Records)
Hidden Details (2018, Moonjune Records)
Other Doors (2023, Moonjune Records)
Live
NDR Jazz Workshop - Live (1973, Cuneiform)
Switzerland Live (recorded 1974, released 2015, Cuneiform)
Floating World Live (recorded 1975, released 2006, Moonjune Records)
British Tour '75 (recorded 1975, released 2005, Major League Productions)
Alive & Well: Recorded in Paris (1978, Harvest)
BBC Radio 1 Live in Concert [rec.1972] (1994, Windsong)
Live in France [recorded 1972] (1994, One Way)
Live in Zaandam (as Soft Machine Legacy) (2005, Moonjune Records)
Live At The New Morning (as Soft Machine Legacy) (2006, in-akustik)
Live Adventures (as Soft Machine Legacy) (2010, Moonjune Records)
Live at the Baked Potato (2019, Moonjune Records)
Abracadabra In Osaka (as Soft Works) (2020, Moonjune Records)
with Eberhard Weber's Colours
Silent Feet (ECM, 1977)
Pop Jazz International (Amiga, 1979)
Little Movements (ECM, 1980)
with Centipede
Septober Energy (Neon/RCA, 1971)
As sideman
With Jack Bruce
Songs for a Tailor (Polydor Records, 1969)
Harmony Row (Atco, 1971)
With John Surman
Conflagration (Dawn, 1971)
Morning Glory (Island, 1973)
The Brass Project (ECM, 1992)
Stranger than Fiction (ECM, 1993)
With Vassilis Tsabropoulos
Achirana (ECM, 1999)
With others
Graham Collier/Deep Dark Blue Centre (1967, Deram)
Michael Garrick/Jazz Praises at St Paul's (1968, Airborne)
Barney Kessel/Blue Soul (1968, Black Lion)
Barney Kessel/Swinging Easy (1968, Black Lion)
Graham Collier/Down Another Road (1969, Fontana)
Neil Ardley/Greek Variations (1969, Columbia)
Jack Bruce/Songs for a Tailor (1969, Polydor)
Michael Gibbs/Michael Gibbs (1969, Deram)
Mike Westbrook/Marching Song Vol. I & II (1969, Deram)
Georgie Fame/Seventh Son (1969, CBS)
Arthur Brown/Crazy World of Arthur Brown (1969, Track)
Indo-Jazz Fusions/Etudes (1969, Sonet)
Lloyd Webber/Rice/Jesus Christ Superstar (1970, Decca)
Bill Fay/Bill Fay (1970, Deram)
Mike d'Abo/Michael D'Abo (1970, Uni)
Chris Spedding/Songs Without Words (1970, Harvest)
Top Topham/Ascension Heights (1970, Blue Horizon)
Michael Gibbs/Tanglewood '63 (1970, Deram)
Chitinous Ensemble/Chitinous Ensemble (1971, Deram)
Linda Hoyle/Pieces of Me (1971, Vertigo)
Spontaneous Music Orchestra/Live: Big Band/Quartet (1971, Vinyl)
Mike Westbrook/Metropolis (1971, RCA)
Centipede/Septober Energy (1971, Neo)
Michael Gibbs/Just Ahead (1972, Polydor)
Alexis Korner/Bootleg Him (1972, Rak Srak)
Volker Kriegel/Inside:The Missing Link (1972, MPS)
Hugh Hopper/1984 (1973, CBS)
John Williams/Height Below (1973, Hi Fly)
Volker Kriegel/Lift (1973, MPS)
Pork Pie (Van 't Hof. Mariano, Catherine, Marshall)/The Door is Open (1975, MPS)
Charlie Mariano/HelenTwelveTrees (1976, MPS)
Elton Dean & Alan Skidmore/El Skid (1977, Vinyl)
Jasper van 't Hof & George Gruntz/Fairy Tales (1978, MPS)
Gil Evans/The British Orchestra (1983, Mole)
Uli Beckerhoff, Jasper van 't Hof, John Marshall/Camporondo (1986, Nabel)
Uli Beckerhoff, John Abercrombie, Arild Andersen, John Marshall/Secret Obsession (1991, Nabel)
Wolfgang Mirbach/Links (1992, Schlozzton)
Towering Inferno/Kaddish (1993, Tl Records)
Michael Gibbs/By The Way (1994, Ah Um)
Theo Travis/View From The Edge (1994, 33 Records)
Jandl/Glawischnig/Laut & Luise (1995, Hat Hut/Du)
Graham Collier/Charles River Fragments (1995, Boathouse)
Mirbach/Links/New Reasons to Use Old Words (1995, Schlozzton)
Jack Bruce & Friends/Live in Concert [rec.1971] (1995, Windsong)
Christoph Oeding/Taking a Chance (1997, Mons)
Marshall Travis Wood/Bodywork (1998, 33 Records)
Roy Powell/North by Northwest (1998, released 2001, Nagel-Heyer)
References
External links
An interview with John Marshall
1941 births
2023 deaths
People from Isleworth
English jazz drummers
Canterbury scene
Nucleus (band) members
Soft Machine members
Centipede (band) members
Alumni of the University of Reading
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Marshall%20%28drummer%29
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Ratu Sairusi Nagagavoka (1920–2014) was a Fijian chief and political leader from Ba Province. He held the traditional title of Momo na Tui Ba (Tai Ko BULU) , commonly abbreviated to Tui Ba Bulu, and as such was one of two paramount chiefs in the Ba district of Ba Province. He was the President of the Party of National Unity (PANU), which he founded in 1998.
Nagagavoka was regarded as a champion of multiracialism and multiculturalism, a rarity in a country whose electoral faultline was split ethnically rather than ideologically. He considered himself a protégé of the late Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara, Fiji's longtime former Prime Minister and President, whom he described as "a great leader who was able to unite all races in Fiji." He made this comment at the campaign launch of the Fiji Labour Party, to which his own party was electorally allied, in Ba Town on 11 February 2006. Speaking first in Hindi and closing in Fijian, Nagagavoka said that the country could not afford divisions, and called on political parties to cooperate to build a strong nation.
In the wake of the military coup which deposed the Qarase government on 5 December 2006, Nagagavoka called on the people to accept the reality that the Republic of Fiji Military Forces now effectively controlled the country. He boycotted a Great Council of Chiefs meeting in the third week of December, and was quoted in the Fiji Sun (20 and 24 December) as saying that political arguments were a waste of time and would only lead to more divisions. Prior to the coup, the Fiji Sun had quoted him (1 December) as saying that before the 1987 coups and 2000 coup, Fiji had been on the way to becoming an advanced and prosperous nation, but that the coups had thwarted the country's progress.
Nagagavoka was married to Bulou Suguta Soweri. They had eight children, 31 grandchildren, and 14 great-grandchildren.
References
Fijian chiefs
2014 deaths
1920 births
Party of National Unity (Fiji) politicians
Politicians from Ba Province
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sairusi%20Nagagavoka
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Jeremiah Hacker (1801 – August 27, 1895) was a missionary, reformer, vegetarian, and journalist who wrote and published The Pleasure Boat and The Chariot of Wisdom and Love in Portland, Maine from 1845 to 1866.
Biography
Born in Brunswick, Maine to a large Quaker family, Hacker moved to Portland as a young adult. He lost his hearing, and used an ear trumpet. He married Submit Tobey, known as Mittie, in 1846. He was a Portland newspaper publisher for two decades. He was strikingly tall with a big, bushy beard. After the Great Fire of 1866, Hacker left Portland and retired to a life of farming in Vineland, New Jersey, where he continued to write, sending letters and poems in to Anarchist and Free thought newspapers until his death in 1895.
Career
In Portland, he worked as a penmanship instructor, a teacher, and a shopkeeper. Eventually he sold his shop in 1841 and took to the road as an itinerant preacher during the Second Great Awakening. He traveled through Maine, telling people to leave their churches and seek their inner light, or "that of God within."
Returning to Portland in 1845, Hacker began writing and printing a reform journal called The Pleasure Boat. According to Hacker himself, he sold his one good coat to pay for the newspaper's first edition. He wore a borrowed coat after that, which he referred to for years as "the old drab coat." He wrote his newspaper on his knee and lived in a boarding house in near-poverty, while he spent all his time getting his message out.
He became known as an outspoken journalist who railed against organized religion, government, prisons, slavery, land monopoly, and warfare. He was a proponent of abolition, women's rights, temperance, and vegetarianism. He was an early proponent of anarchism, and free thought, he was also a prison reformer. Unhappy with how juvenile offenders were treated in the adult prisons, Hacker was influential in building public support for a Maine reform school which became the third in the country, after Philadelphia and Boston. Because of the culture of reform that existed in 19th-century New England, The Pleasure Boat enjoyed wide circulation until the approach of the American Civil War. On the brink of a war that many fellow reformers thought was unavoidable and morally justifiable, Hacker advocated pacifism, and lost so many readers his newspaper foundered. By 1864 he started another newspaper entitled The Chariot of Wisdom and Love.
Hacker has been described as "Maine’s original alt-journalist". He was known for criticizing quack doctors selling fake miracle cures.
Vegetarianism
Hacker was a vegetarian who championed animal rights, environmentalism and vegetarianism in his Pleasure Boat newspaper. In the July 20, 1854 Pleasure Boat, Hacker commented: "It has been proved that those who live on vegetable food, bread, fruits, &c., are healthier, can perform more labor, endure more heat and cold, and live to a greater age, than flesh eaters."
Temperance
Hacker was a supporter of temperance but not of total alcohol prohibition. He did criticize the prohibition group the Martha Washingtons in 1845 when the group did organize a Christmas dinner at Exchange Hall in Portland that served "hogs and oxen." Hacker wrote: “Animal food begets an unnatural thirst, which requires unnatural drink, and has been one of the greatest causes of drunkenness in this nation.”
Death
Hacker died on August 27, 1895, in Vineland, New Jersey at age 94. He is buried in the Siloam Cemetery.
Influence
Historian William Berry said: "In his time, Hacker, who was born in Brunswick was – if not famous – strangely influential." Journalist Liz Graves of The Ellsworth American said: "his ideas about a society ordered by individual morals rather than government and laws closely mirror those of international anarchist Emma Goldman and others a few decades later." Journalist Avery Yale Kamila of the Portland Press Herald said: "All these years later, the Pleasure Boat reads like a roadmap to many issues that were to gain traction in the coming years." Authors Karen and Michael Iacobbo in their book Vegetarian America: A History have said that Hacker "helped cultivate" the vegetarian movement.
References
Further reading
1801 births
1895 deaths
19th-century American male writers
19th-century American newspaper publishers (people)
19th-century American non-fiction writers
Abolitionists from Maine
American animal rights activists
American anarchists
American male journalists
American male non-fiction writers
American opinion journalists
American pacifists
American Quakers
American vegetarianism activists
Anarchist writers
Freethought writers
Journalists from Maine
People from Vineland, New Jersey
People of Maine in the American Civil War
Writers from Brunswick, Maine
Writers from Portland, Maine
Activists from Portland, Maine
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremiah%20Hacker
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AKA is a 2002 drama film, the first by director and writer Duncan Roy. The film is set in the late 1970s in Britain and deals with the story of Dean, an 18-year-old boy who assumes another identity in order to enter high society. Dean then meets David, an older gay man who desires him and Benjamin, a young Texan hustler. It is largely an autobiographical account of Duncan Roy's early life.
The screen consists of a row of three frames, showing three perspectives.
Cast
Matthew Leitch as Dean Page
Diana Quick as Lady Gryffoyn
George Asprey as David Lord Glendening
Lindsey Coulson as Georgie
Blake Ritson as Alexander Gryffoyn
Peter Youngblood Hills as Benjamin
Geoff Bell as Brian Page
Hannah Yelland as Camille Sturton
Daniel Lee as Jamie Page
Bill Nighy as Uncle Louis Gryffoyn
David Kendall as Lee Page
Fenella Woolgar as Sarah
Sean Gilder as Tim Lyttleton
Robin Soans as Neil Frost
Stephen Boxer as Dermot
Reception
The film has been nominated for several awards, especially in the gay community.
2002 — Nominated for the British Independent Film Awards.
2002 — Won the Seattle Lesbian & Gay Film Festival.
2002 — Won the Miami Gay and Lesbian Film Festival.
2002 — Won L.A. Outfest.
2002 — Won the Copenhagen Gay & Lesbian Film Festival.
2003 — Nominated for the BAFTA Awards.
2003 — Nominated for the Emden International Film Festival.
2004 — Won the Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards.
References
External links
2002 films
British LGBT-related films
2000s English-language films
2002 drama films
British drama films
2002 LGBT-related films
LGBT-related drama films
Gay-related films
2000s British films
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AKA%20%282002%20film%29
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Derrick Williams (born July 6, 1986) is a former American football wide receiver. He was selected by the Detroit Lions with the 18th pick of the 3rd round of the 2009 NFL Draft. He was a wide receiver and 2008 team captain for the Penn State Nittany Lions.
High school
Williams was widely regarded as the top high school football prospect of 2005, coming out of Eleanor Roosevelt High School in Greenbelt, Maryland. He received scholarship offers from more than 50 Division I schools. Relentless recruiting forced him to twice change his cell phone number. He was named Rivals.com High School Junior of the Year in 2003, and was ranked as the number one recruit in the nation after his senior year.
Williams initially leaned towards attending the University of Florida, but re-opened his recruitment after the firing of head coach Ron Zook. He strongly considered offers from Texas, Oklahoma and Tennessee, before announcing live on ESPN that he would attend Penn State. Penn State was coming off four losing seasons in five years, and head coach Joe Paterno was under increasing pressure to retire. Williams relished the challenge of returning the Penn State program to its former stature, saying "I did it because I trusted in [Paterno]. He promised me I could help turn the program around and leave my mark there, which I did."
College career
As a true freshman, Williams was spectacular at quarterback, running back, and wide receiver. His touchdown catch late in Penn State's matchup with Northwestern that year won the Lions that game and was nominated for a Game-Changing Performance of the Year. It was part of an explosive, four-touchdown start that was cut short by a broken arm he suffered during the Nittany Lions' October 15, 2005 loss against the University of Michigan, the team's only loss that season.
The Sporting News named Williams to the freshman All-Big Ten Conference team despite having played just seven games in 2005. He was named to the preseason All-Big Ten second-team for the 2006 season by The Sporting News.
In the 2006 year he returned at wide receiver for the Nittany Lions, but registered just two touchdowns all season. He played both running back and wideout in the Outback Bowl, helping Penn State to a 20–10 win against Tennessee.
He began the 2007 season with only 6 catches for 45 yards in his first two games, but had an electrifying 78-yard punt return touchdown against Notre Dame, his second career special teams touchdown. He ended the season with 55 receptions for 529 yards and 3 touchdowns. He also had 16 rushing attempts for 101 yards and a touchdown. He had a season-high ten catches for 95 yards and one score vs. in a 26–19 win over Purdue.
Prior to the 2008 season, Williams was nominated to the Maxwell and Biletnikoff Award watchlists.
Williams became the first player under the coaching of Joe Paterno to score a touchdown on a catch, run, and kick return in the same game, when he accomplished the feat against the Illinois Fighting Illini on September 27, 2008. The Nittany Lions won the game 38–24. Williams was named the Big Ten special teams player of the week following the Nittany Lions victory. At the end of the 2008 season, he was named a first-team All-Big Ten selection. He ended the season with 44 catches for 485 yards and a career-high four touchdown receptions. In his final game, the 2009 Rose Bowl loss to Southern California, he had a fourth-quarter touchdown reception.
Professional career
2009 NFL Draft
At the 2009 NFL Combine, Williams ran 4.55 seconds in the 40-yard dash. He recorded a slower time than anticipated partly because he had the flu. Williams was selected 82nd overall by the Detroit Lions. He is represented by fellow Penn-Stater Chafie Fields.
Detroit Lions
Williams was drafted by the Detroit Lions in the third round (#82 overall) of the 2009 NFL Draft. He signed a three-year contract with the team on July 29, 2009. Williams was waived by the Lions on September 3, 2011.
Pittsburgh Steelers
Williams was signed by the Pittsburgh Steelers in January 2012. After playing in 4 pre-season games, he was released by the Steelers on August 31, 2012.
Toronto Argonauts
Williams signed with the Toronto Argonauts on March 13, 2013. He was released by the team on May 2, 2013.
Personal life
Williams has a longtime friendship with former Nittany Lion linebacker LaVar Arrington. The two first met during Arrington's time with the Washington Redskins, when Williams was playing high school football in nearby Greenbelt, Maryland.
Arrington gave Williams the nickname "Jesus Shuttlesworth," after the lead character—a highly coveted high school recruit—in Spike Lee's He Got Game.
Williams trained with an athletic group known as The Stable, with whom he has worked out since he was 10 years old, working on speed, agility, and endurance.
References
External links
"Derrick Williams player bio" gopsusports.com, July 25, 2006.
"Lions rookie: Keep dreaming, learning" , Jo-Ann Barnas, Detroit Free Press, June 13, 2009.
1986 births
Living people
People from Greenbelt, Maryland
Players of American football from Prince George's County, Maryland
Players of American football from Washington, D.C.
American football wide receivers
American football running backs
Canadian football wide receivers
American players of Canadian football
Penn State Nittany Lions football players
Detroit Lions players
Pittsburgh Steelers players
Toronto Argonauts players
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derrick%20Williams%20%28American%20football%29
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The Quebec City Area (or Région de Québec in French) is the metropolitan area surrounding Quebec City, in the Canadian province of Quebec. It consists of two administrative regions: Capitale-Nationale and Chaudière-Appalaches.
Population
The Quebec City Area had a population of 682,757 in the Canada 2001 Census. The Quebec City Area had a population of 715,515 in the Canada 2006 Census. The Quebec-Levis area had a population of 1,109,184 in 2006. In 2011, the Quebec City area, consisting of the Capitale Nationale and Chaudière-Appalaches census divisions had a population of 1,111,245
Members
Capitale-Nationale
Main city: Quebec City
* Wendake is an Indian reserve enclaved within Quebec City.
** L'Île d'Orléans contains six parishes.
Chaudières-Appalaches
Main city: Lévis
Demographics
References
Metropolitan areas of Quebec
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quebec%20City%20Area
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In a Windows network, NT (New Technology) LAN Manager (NTLM) is a suite of Microsoft security protocols intended to provide authentication, integrity, and confidentiality to users. NTLM is the successor to the authentication protocol in Microsoft LAN Manager (LANMAN), an older Microsoft product. The NTLM protocol suite is implemented in a Security Support Provider, which combines the LAN Manager authentication protocol, NTLMv1, NTLMv2 and NTLM2 Session protocols in a single package. Whether these protocols are used or can be used on a system which is governed by Group Policy settings, for which different versions of Windows have different default settings.
NTLM passwords are considered weak because they can be brute-forced very easily with modern hardware.
Protocol
NTLM is a challenge–response authentication protocol which uses three messages to authenticate a client in a connection-oriented environment (connectionless is similar), and a fourth additional message if integrity is desired.
First, the client establishes a network path to the server and sends a NEGOTIATE_MESSAGE advertising its capabilities.
Next, the server responds with CHALLENGE_MESSAGE which is used to establish the identity of the client.
Finally, the client responds to the challenge with an AUTHENTICATE_MESSAGE.
The NTLM protocol uses one or both of two hashed password values, both of which are also stored on the server (or domain controller), and which through a lack of salting are password equivalent, meaning that if you grab the hash value from the server, you can authenticate without knowing the actual password. The two are the LM hash (a DES-based function applied to the first 14 characters of the password converted to the traditional 8-bit PC charset for the language), and the NT hash (MD4 of the little endian UTF-16 Unicode password). Both hash values are 16 bytes (128 bits) each.
The NTLM protocol also uses one of two one-way functions, depending on the NTLM version; NT LanMan and NTLM version 1 use the DES-based LanMan one-way function (LMOWF), while NTLMv2 uses the NT MD4 based one-way function (NTOWF).
NTLMv1
The server authenticates the client by sending an 8-byte random number, the challenge. The client performs an operation involving the challenge and a secret shared between client and server, specifically one of the two password hashes described above. The client returns the 24-byte result of the computation. In fact, in NTLMv1 the computations are usually made using both hashes and both 24-byte results are sent. The server verifies that the client has computed the correct result, and from this infers possession of the secret, and hence the authenticity of the client.
Both the hashes produce 16-byte quantities. Five bytes of zeros are appended to obtain 21 bytes. The 21 bytes are separated in three 7-byte (56-bit) quantities. Each of these 56-bit quantities is used as a key to DES encrypt the 64-bit challenge. The three encryptions of the challenge are reunited to form the 24-byte response. Both the response using the LM hash and the NT hash are returned as the response, but this is configurable.
C = 8-byte server challenge, random
K1 | K2 | K3 = NTLM-Hash | 5-bytes-0
response = DES(K1,C) | DES(K2,C) | DES(K3,C)
NTLMv2
NTLMv2, introduced in Windows NT 4.0 SP4 (and natively supported in Windows 2000), is a challenge-response authentication protocol. It is intended as a cryptographically strengthened replacement for NTLMv1, enhancing NTLM security by hardening the protocol against many spoofing attacks and adding the ability for a server to authenticate to the client.
NTLMv2 sends two responses to an 8-byte server challenge. Each response contains a 16-byte HMAC-MD5 hash of the server challenge, a fully/partially randomly generated client challenge, and an HMAC-MD5 hash of the user's password and other identifying information. The two responses differ in the format of the client challenge. The shorter response uses an 8-byte random value for this challenge. In order to verify the response, the server must receive as part of the response the client challenge. For this shorter response, the 8-byte client challenge appended to the 16-byte response makes a 24-byte package which is consistent with the 24-byte response format of the previous NTLMv1 protocol. In certain non-official documentation (e.g. DCE/RPC Over SMB, Leighton) this response is termed LMv2.
The second response sent by NTLMv2 uses a variable-length client challenge which includes (1) the current time in NT Time format, (2) an 8-byte random value (CC2 in the box below), (3) the domain name and (4) some standard format stuff. The response must include a copy of this client challenge, and is therefore variable length. In non-official documentation, this response is termed NTv2.
Both LMv2 and NTv2 hash the client and server challenge with the NT hash of the user's password and other identifying information. The exact formula is to begin with the NT hash, which is stored in the SAM or AD, and continue to hash in, using HMAC-MD5, the username and domain name. In the box below, X stands for the fixed contents of a formatting field.
SC = 8-byte server challenge, random
CC = 8-byte client challenge, random
CC* = (X, time, CC2, domain name)
v2-Hash = HMAC-MD5(NT-Hash, user name, domain name)
LMv2 = HMAC-MD5(v2-Hash, SC, CC)
NTv2 = HMAC-MD5(v2-Hash, SC, CC*)
response = LMv2 | CC | NTv2 | CC*
NTLM2 Session
The NTLM2 Session protocol is similar to MS-CHAPv2. It consists of authentication from NTLMv1 combined with session security from NTLMv2.
Briefly, the NTLMv1 algorithm is applied, except that an 8-byte client challenge is appended to the 8-byte server challenge and MD5-hashed. The least 8-byte half of the hash result is the challenge utilized in the NTLMv1 protocol. The client challenge is returned in one 24-byte slot of the response message, the 24-byte calculated response is returned in the other slot.
This is a strengthened form of NTLMv1 which maintains the ability to use existing Domain Controller infrastructure yet avoids a dictionary attack by a rogue server. For a fixed X, the server computes a table where location Y has value K such that Y=DES_K(X). Without the client participating in the choice of challenge, the server can send X, look up response Y in the table and get K. This attack can be made practical by using rainbow tables.
However, existing NTLMv1 infrastructure allows that the challenge/response pair is not verified by the server, but sent to a Domain Controller for verification. Using NTLM2 Session, this infrastructure continues to work if the server substitutes for the challenge the hash of the server and client challenges.
NTLMv1
Client<-Server: SC
Client->Server: H(P,SC)
Server->DomCntl: H(P,SC), SC
Server<-DomCntl: yes or no
NTLM2 Session
Client<-Server: SC
Client->Server: H(P,H'(SC,CC)), CC
Server->DomCntl: H(P,H'(SC,CC)), H'(SC,CC)
Server<-DomCntl: yes or no
Availability and use of NTLM
Since 2010, Microsoft no longer recommends NTLM in applications:
Implementers should be aware that NTLM does not support any recent cryptographic methods, such as AES or SHA-256. It uses cyclic redundancy checks (CRC) or MD5 for integrity, and RC4 for encryption.
Deriving a key from a password is as specified in RFC1320 and FIPS46-2. Therefore, applications are generally advised not to use NTLM.
Despite these recommendations, NTLM is still widely deployed on systems. A major reason is to maintain compatibility with older systems. However, it can be avoided in some circumstances.
Microsoft has added the NTLM hash to its implementation of the Kerberos protocol to improve interoperability (in particular, the RC4-HMAC encryption type). According to an independent researcher, this design decision allows Domain Controllers to be tricked into issuing an attacker with a Kerberos ticket if the NTLM hash is known.
Microsoft adopted Kerberos as the preferred authentication protocol for Windows 2000 and subsequent Active Directory domains. Kerberos is typically used when a server belongs to a Windows Server domain. Microsoft recommends developers neither to use Kerberos nor the NTLM Security Support Provider (SSP) directly.
Your application should not access the NTLM security package directly; instead, it should use the Negotiate security package. Negotiate allows your application to take advantage of more advanced security protocols if they are supported by the systems involved in the authentication. Currently, the Negotiate security package selects between Kerberos and NTLM. Negotiate selects Kerberos unless it cannot be used by one of the systems involved in the authentication.
Use of the NTLM Security Support Provider
The NTLM SSP is used in the following situations:
The client is authenticating to a server that doesn't belong to a domain or no Active Directory domain exists (commonly referred to as "workgroup" or "peer-to-peer")
The server must have the "password-protected sharing" feature enabled, which is not enabled by default and which is mutually exclusive with HomeGroup on some versions of Windows.
When server and client both belong to the same HomeGroup, a protocol similar to Kerberos, Public Key Cryptography based User to User Authentication will be used instead of NTLM. HomeGroup is probably the easiest way to share resources on a small network, requiring minimal setup, even compared to configuring a few additional users to be able to use password-protected sharing, which may mean it is used much more than password-protected sharing on small networks and home networks.
If the server is a device that supports SMB, such as NAS devices and network printers, the NTLM SSP may offer the only supported authentication method. Some implementations of SMB or older distributions of e.g. Samba may cause Windows to negotiate NTLMv1 or even LM for outbound authentication with the SMB server, allowing the device to work although it may be loaded with outdated, insecure software regardless of whether it were a new device.
If the server is a member of a domain but Kerberos cannot be used.
The client is authenticating to a server using an IP address (and no reverse name resolution is available)
The client is authenticating to a server that belongs to a different Active Directory forest that has a legacy NTLM trust instead of a transitive inter-forest trust
Where a firewall would otherwise restrict the ports required by Kerberos (typically TCP 88)
Use of protocol versions
After it has been decided either by the application developer or by the Negotiate SSP that the NTLM SSP be used for authentication, Group Policy dictates the ability to use each of the protocols that the NTLM SSP implements. There are five authentication levels.
Send LM & NTLM responses: Clients use LM and NTLM authentication, and never use NTLMv2 session security; DCs accept LM, NTLM, and NTLMv2 authentication.
Send LM & NTLM - use NTLMv2 session security if negotiated: Clients use LM and NTLM authentication, and use NTLMv2 session security if server supports it; DCs accept LM, NTLM, and NTLMv2 authentication.
Send NTLM response only: Clients use NTLM authentication only, and use NTLMv2 session security if server supports it; DCs accept LM, NTLM, and NTLMv2 authentication.
Send NTLMv2 response only: Clients use NTLMv2 authentication only, and use NTLMv2 session security if server supports it; DCs accept LM, NTLM, and NTLMv2 authentication.
Send NTLMv2 response only\refuse LM: Clients use NTLMv2 authentication only, and use NTLMv2 session security if server supports it; DCs refuse LM (accept only NTLM and NTLMv2 authentication).
Send NTLMv2 response only\refuse LM & NTLM: Clients use NTLMv2 authentication only, and use NTLMv2 session security if server supports it; DCs refuse LM and NTLM (accept only NTLMv2 authentication).
DC would mean Domain Controller, but use of that term is confusing. Any computer acting as server and authenticating a user fulfills the role of DC in this context, for example a Windows computer with a local account such as Administrator when that account is used during a network logon.
Prior to Windows NT 4.0 Service Pack 4, the SSP would negotiate NTLMv1 and fall back to LM if the other machine did not support it.
Starting with Windows NT 4.0 Service Pack 4, the SSP would negotiate NTLMv2 Session whenever both client and server would support it. Up to and including Windows XP, this used either 40- or 56-bit encryption on non-U.S. computers, since the United States had severe restrictions on the export of encryption technology at the time. Starting with Windows XP SP3, 128-bit encryption could be added by installing an update and on Windows 7, 128-bit encryption would be the default.
In Windows Vista and above, LM has been disabled for inbound authentication. Windows NT-based operating systems up through and including Windows Server 2003 store two password hashes, the LAN Manager (LM) hash and the Windows NT hash. Starting in Windows Vista, the capability to store both is there, but one is turned off by default. This means that LM authentication no longer works if the computer running Windows Vista acts as the server. Prior versions of Windows (back as far as Windows NT 4.0 Service Pack 4) could be configured to behave this way, but it was not the default.
Weakness and vulnerabilities
NTLM remains vulnerable to the pass the hash attack, which is a variant on the reflection attack which was addressed by Microsoft security update MS08-068. For example, Metasploit can be used in many cases to obtain credentials from one machine which can be used to gain control of another machine. The Squirtle toolkit can be used to leverage web site cross-site scripting attacks into attacks on nearby assets via NTLM.
In February 2010, Amplia Security discovered several flaws in the Windows implementation of the NTLM authentication mechanism which broke the security of the protocol allowing attackers to gain read/write access to files and remote code execution. One of the attacks presented included the ability to predict pseudo-random numbers and challenges/responses generated by the protocol. These flaws had been present in all versions of Windows for 17 years. The security advisory explaining these issues included fully working proof-of-concept exploits. All these flaws were fixed by MS10-012.
In 2012, it was demonstrated that every possible 8-character NTLM password hash permutation can be cracked in under 6 hours.
In 2019, this time was reduced to roughly 2.5 hours by using more modern hardware. Also, Rainbow tables are available for eight- and nine-character NTLM passwords. Shorter passwords can be recovered by brute force methods.
In 2019, EvilMog published a tool called the ntlmv1-multitool to format NTLMv1 challenge responses in a hashcat compatible cracking format. With hashcat and sufficient GPU power the NTLM hash can be derived using a known plaintext attack by cracking the DES keys with hashcat mode 14000 as demonstrated by atom on the hashcat forums.
Note that the password-equivalent hashes used in pass-the-hash attacks and password cracking must first be "stolen" (such as by compromising a system with permissions sufficient to access hashes). Also, these hashes are not the same as the NTLMSSP_AUTH "hash" transmitted over the network during a conventional NTLM authentication.
Compatibility with Linux
NTLM implementations for Linux include Cntlm and winbind (part of Samba) allow Linux applications to use NTLM proxies.
FreeBSD also supports storing passwords via Crypt (C) in the insecure NT-Hash form.
See also
LAN Manager
NTLMSSP
Integrated Windows Authentication
Kerberos
References
External links
Online NTLM hash crack using Rainbow tables
NT LAN Manager (NTLM) Authentication Protocol Specification
Cntlm – NTLM, NTLMSR, NTLMv2 Authentication Proxy and Accelerator Personal HTTP(S) and SOCKS5 proxy for NTLM-unaware applications (Windows/Linux/UNIX)
The NTLM Authentication Protocol and Security Support Provider A detailed analysis of the NTLM protocol.
MSDN article explaining the protocol and that it has been renamed
MSDN page on NTLM authentication
Libntlm – a free implementation.
NTLM Authorization Proxy Server software that allows users to authenticate via an MS Proxy Server.
Installing NTLM authentication – NTLM set-up instructions for Samba and Midgard on Linux
NTLM version 2 (NTLMv2) and the LMCompatibilityLevel setting that governs it
Jespa – Java Active Directory Integration Full NTLM security service provider with server-side NETLOGON validation (commercial but free up to 25 users)
EasySSO - NTML Authenticator for JIRA NTLM Authenticator utilising Jespa library to provide IWA for Atlassian products.
ntlmv2-auth NTLMv2 API and Servlet Filter for Java
A ntlm message generator tool
WAFFLE – Java/C# Windows Authentication Framework
objectif-securite (Rainbow tables for ophcrack)
Px for Windows - An HTTP proxy server to automatically authenticate through an NTLM proxy
Microsoft Windows security technology
Computer network security
Computer access control protocols
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NTLM
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Jón Helgason (June 30, 1899 - January 19, 1986) was an Icelandic philologist and poet. He was head of the Danish Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies from 1927 to 1972 and professor of Icelandic studies at the University of Copenhagen from 1929 to 1969. He made significant contributions to his field. As a poet, he was not prolific but noted for his highly polished and effective traditional poetry. His best-known poems are Áfangar and Í Árnasafni.
One of his discoveries at the institute is the pair of glossaries that are the only documentation on Basque–Icelandic pidgin.
In 1923, he married Þórunn Ástriður Björnsdóttir (1895-1966) and in 1975 married Agnete Loth (1921-1990).
References
Höfundur: Jón Helgason
Helgason, Jon
Helgason, Jon
Icelandic male poets
20th-century Icelandic poets
20th-century male writers
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%B3n%20Helgason%20%28poet%29
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A student leader is any student who takes on the responsibility of spreading knowledge through inspiration, tutoring, campaigns etc.
A student leader strives to change the world by starting with their own community.
Position details
Student leadership positions are often made available through an application process. This process varies from school to school and position to position, some being highly selective, while others are relatively easy to fill. Some student leadership positions are unpaid, while others receive an hourly wage for their work. Many positions that have odd hours or unclear work times will receive a stipend rather than an hourly wage. This is often the case for resident assistants, members of student government, and student representatives on government boards or panels.
In a broader sense, a student leader can take up the responsibility of their community, their city, their country or the world and work towards it with or without the help of a mentor.
Although most student positions on government panels are advisory, the state boards of education of California and Massachusetts include student members with full voting authority.
Examples
A student leader could be any of the following roles.
Primary or secondary school
Member of student government, student council, or ASB.
Teachers aide
Peer mentor
Member of any number of student clubs or organizations
Peer-mediated instruction
School
Resident Assistant
Member of student government
Member of Residence Hall Association or NACURH or NRHH
Member of incoming freshmen orientation team
Student assistant or employee
Member of any number of student clubs or organizations
Peer-mediated instruction
See also
Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad
References
Student politics
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Student%20leader
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Kudai are a Chilean pop rock band from Santiago, Chile, formed in early 2000. The group is composed of Pablo Holman, Bábara Sepúlveda, Tomás Manzi, and Nicole Natalino, who left the group in 2006 citing personal reasons, and was replaced by Ecuadorian Gabriela Villalba for three years. After the group disbanded in 2010, in November 2016, the band confirmed their return to the scene with the original members.
Originally beginning their career as a children band named CIAO, they rose to international fame when they changed their name and musical style with their debut album Vuelo (2004), which was a worldwide success, reaching triple platinum status in Chile, and selling over 500,000 copies worldwide. Their third studio album Nadha (2008) was nominated for Best Pop Album by Group or Duet at the 9th Annual Latin Grammy Awards, and was critically acclaimed. They are well known for hit songs, such as "Sin Despertar", "Ya Nada Queda", "Déjame Gritar", "Lejos De Aquí" and "Morir De Amor".
Kudai had a resounding commercial success in Latin America, and marked an entire generation with their musical style and lyricism. Often labeled by the media as an "emo band", a sobriquet based on their image, Kudai is characterized by lyrics about transcendental topics for youth such as depression, domestic violence, suicide, ecology, homosexuality and toxic relationships.
History
1999–2002: Ciao
Pablo Vega, a Mexican producer and manager based in Chile, formed a children's group called "Ciao" late 1999. Initially, the group included Nicole Natalino and Tomás Manzi, and later, Bárbara Sepúlveda, who auditioned, and replaced another girl who could not continue within the musical project. Finally, the group was formed by the fourth member, Pablo Holman, who joined "Ciao" by a reference, because his father is a well-known musician from Chile and acquaintance of Vega. The concept of "Ciao" consisted of a group of children each represented by a color –Pablo, blue; Barbara, fuchsia; Nicole, purple and Tomás, green – who performed Italian pop hits.
Ciao released their first and only album studio, El Poder de los Niños, early 2002 by EMI Odeón Chilena. Two singles from the album were promoted on Chilean radio stations, "Será Porque Te Amo" and "Mamma María", both of which contained its own music videos. For two years, Ciao made appearances on television shows, until the group transitioned into a teen concept.
2003–2005: Foundation of Kudai, and Vuelo
The group began accepting song submissions and concentrating on performing original material in hopes of breaking out of its niche market. Their reinvention was complete after changing their name from CIAO to Kudai, which is derived from the Mapudungun (native Chilean language) word , which according to the bandmembers means "young worker." In 2004 the group, now composed of four vocalists (Pablo, Tomas, Barbara, and Nicole), released its debut record, entitled Vuelo (Flight). Thanks to a string of successful singles, Vuelo soon achieved platinum record status. The group began its steady climb to the top with a Best New Artist nomination from MTV Latin American video music awards for their music video from the first single "Sin Despertar", quickly escalated to the first places of Chilean music rankings. Soon, they released their second single, "Ya Nada Queda", which achieved great success as did their third single, "Escapar". Vuelo went platinum in August 2005.
Kudai was nominated for Best Artist—Central Region and Best New Artist—Central Region in the MTV Video Music Awards Latin America 2005. They released their first DVD, which included their 2004–2005 Tour, in September 2005 called En Vivo - Gira 2004–2005. The album was released in Mexico in July 2006 with a different cover with the same tracks. The album sold more of 500,000 copies worldwide.
2006–2007: Sobrevive, their second studio album
In 2006, they recorded their second album called Sobrevive released on June 15, 2006 this album debuted at #1 in Chile as one of the most sold albums of the year and gained the gold album status for selling over 15,000 copies. The album was released in 2007 in Mexico and sold more than 350,000 copies worldwide.
This album was the last record on which Nicole Natalino sang. She left the group due to personal problems. After the departure of Nicole, Gabriela Villalba replaced her and re-recorded the album featuring Gabriela's voice; this was released on September 26, 2007 in Chile. The album represented a drastic change in their style with a heavier sound and darker lyrics about anorexia, teenage pregnancy, drug addiction & suicide.
The first single is "Déjame Gritar" which reached #1 in Chile and Argentina. The video of the single features Nicole before her departure and also hit the #1 spot on many music video channels and programs in Latin America and reached #1 on MTV Latin America's TRL Los 10+ Pedidos in Argentina and Top 20. She became a permanent member of the group, and now contributes to the group's excellent trajectory. The second single is "Llévame" and this performs at all Gabriela Villalba. The video also features the new member and it was filmed in the Andes in Chile. This version of the record was promoted in Latinamerica. In addition to replacing Nicole, the track listing also changed a bit. The song "Si He Tocado El Suelo" was removed and a new one titled "Tú replaced it"
They also performed the theme for the MTV Latin America's show, Quiero mis Quince (English: My Super Sweet 16). On October 19, 2006, the group won the MTV Latin American video music awards award for Best Central Artist and Best Pop Artist, which they dedicated to both their fans and Nicole. After the success of the group, they were invited to the Viña del Mar Festival in February 2007. On October 2, 2007 their released the first live album (fourth overall) called En Vivo: Desde Mexico.
2008–2010: Nadha
Towards the end of 2007 they moved to Mexico to launch their international career and left Chile. Kudai closed their career in Chile when they played in the Festival de Viña del Mar, which was their last presentation in the country until now. Kudai has revolutionized punk and rock music in Latin America. They recorded their third studio album called Nadha. The album has 12 songs, of which six were written by producer Koko Stambuk (ex-musician of Glup!). Three other songs are from producer Carlos Lara, who is considered to be the creator of RBD and has collaborated with musicians such as Lynda Thomas and Ricky Martin. Cathy Lean (Ex-Mal Corazón), from Chile, also wrote two of the album's songs. Kudai chose to interpret the songs of Alanis Morissette and her band's bassist Eric Avery (ex-Jane's Addiction). The album was mastered at a Los Angeles studio, Igloo Music, under the direction of Gustavo Borner, who has worked with well-known artists such as Diego Torres, Ricky Martin, Sin Bandera, Phil Collins, Plácido Domingo and N'Sync, as well as working on the motion picture soundtracks of Rush Hour 2, Miami Vice and Finding Nemo.
Kudai band member Gabriela Villalba has said that this album is a turning point in Kudai's musical career:
"Now is the time that Kudai needs to show and prove many things because if we remain the same, we will be categorized as the teen band that will never grow. I feel that this third album is a very decisive stage for Kudai. We are going to fight to rid ourselves from the title of "the band that wants to be popular" and actually present good material."
Rumors say Kudai might be performing in World Peace One in 2008. The group might be playing in Berlin, Germany, though other sources claim they might be playing in Puerto Rico. They appeared also in one episode of Skimo and performed "Déjame Gritar". Their album Nadha made hit in stores on May 3, 2008 in Chile and released in the all Latin America in Mexico obtained gold certification for their sales. On May 12, 2008, Kudai premiered their new music video with the Mexican music group, RBD and Eiza González called "Estar Bien" (Be Well). The song is part of a campaign for obesity, anorexia, and bulimia awareness, and for being well, happy, and getting active in Mexico. The video shows the singers on a tour bus singing around Mexico City while citizens do various stretches and cardiovascular exercises. On August 5, 2008 the band will make debut in the United States market with their first album released there. On July 21, 2008 their second single of Nadha, "Nada Es Igual" was released in Latin America.
The album has been nominated for "Best Pop Album by Group or Duet" at the Latin Grammy Awards to be held at the Toyota Center in Houston, Texas on 13 November.
In January 2009, they released an exclusive single for Chile, called "Hoy Quiero" with moderate success. On January 22, 2009, they released as a single the song "Ladrando a La Luna" for the 2008 Disney's movie Bolt.
2016-present: Reunion
In November 2016, the band announced their comeback with the original line-up, as former member Nicole Natalino confirmed the reunion with their bandmates. They also confirmed the release of a new song recorded recently.
Members
Current members
Pablo Holman – vocals, occasionally guitars (1999–2009; 2016–present)
Bárbara Sepúlveda – vocals (1999–2009; 2016–present)
Tomás Manzi – vocals (1999–2009; 2016–present)
Nicole Natalino – vocals (1999–2006; 2016–present)
Former members
Gabriela Villalba – vocals (2006–2009)
Discography
Studio albums
Vuelo (2004)
Sobrevive (2006)
Nadha (2008)
Laberinto (2019)
Revuelo (2021)
Tours
Awards and nominations
Latin Grammy Awards
A Latin Grammy Award is an accolade by the Latin Academy of Recording Arts & Sciences to recognize outstanding achievement in the music industry. Earned a nomination Kudai.
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| 2008 || Nadha || Best Pop Album by a Duo or Group with Vocals ||
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Los Premios MTV Latinoamérica
Los Premios MTV Latinoamérica or VMALA's is the Latin American version of the Video Music Awards. Kudai won five awards from sixteen nominations.
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| 2005 || Kudai || Best New Artist — Central ||
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| 2005 || Kudai || Best Artist — Central ||
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| 2006 || Kudai || Breakthrough Artist ||
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| 2006 || Kudai || Best Pop Artist ||
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| 2006 || Kudai || Best Artist — Central ||
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| 2007 || Kudai || Artist of the Year ||
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| 2007 || Kudai || Best Group or Duet ||
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| 2007 || Kudai || Best Artist — Central ||
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| 2007 || Pablo Holman || Fashionista — Male ||
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| 2008 || Kudai || Best Group or Duet ||
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| 2008 || Kudai || Best Pop Artist ||
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| 2008 || Kudai || Best Artist — Central ||
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| 2008 || Gabriela Villalba || Fashionista — Female ||
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| 2008 || Kudai (President: Martín Torrilla) || Best Fan Club ||
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| 2009 || Kudai || Artist of the Year ||
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| 2009 || Kudai || Best Artist — Central ||
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Los Premios 40 Principales
Los Premios 40 Principales, is an award show by the musical radio station Los 40 Principales. Created in 2006 to celebrate the fortieth anniversary of the founding of the worldwide station. Kudai won an award.
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| 2007 || Kudai || Chilean Act ||
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| 2008 || Kudai || Chilean Act ||
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Orgullosamente Latino Award
The Orgullosamente Latino Awards are accolades first awarded in 2004 for the best in Latin music. They were created by Alexis Núñes Oliva, Executive Producer of Ritmoson Latino, the Mexico-based music television channel through which the awards are broadcast each year. Kudai won two awards from four nominations.
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| 2006 || Kudai || Latin Group of the Year ||
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| 2007 || Kudai || Latin Group of the Year ||
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| 2009 || Kudai || Latin Group of the Year ||
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| 2009 || Lejos De Aquí || Latin Music Video of the Year ||
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Premios Oye!
Premios Oye! (Premio Nacional a la Música Grabada) are presented annually by the Academia Nacional de la Música en México for outstanding achievements in the Mexican record industry. Kudai received an award from two nominations.
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| 2008 || Nadha || Best Pop by a Duo/Group ||
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| 2008 || Lejos De Aquí || Best Song with a Message ||
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References
External links
Official site
Kudai Nadha
Capitol Records artists
Latin pop music groups
Musical groups established in 1999
Musical groups disestablished in 2010
Musical groups reestablished in 2016
1999 establishments in Chile
Chilean pop rock music groups
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kudai
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The 1978–79 season was the 99th season of competitive football in England.
Diary of the season
12 August 1978: League champions Nottingham Forest beat FA Cup holders Ipswich Town 5–0 in the Charity Shield at Wembley.
19 August 1978: The First Division season begins with newly promoted Tottenham Hotspur holding Nottingham Forest to a 1–1 draw at the City Ground – the visitors' goal scored by new Argentine signing Ricardo Villa.
31 August 1978: Liverpool, West Bromwich Albion and Everton are level on points at the top of the League at the end of August with three wins from three matches. Wolverhampton Wanderers are bottom after three consecutive defeats.
2 September 1978: Liverpool thrash Tottenham Hotspur 7–0 at Anfield to take their goal tally to sixteen in four League matches at the start of the season.
20 September 1978: England start their qualifying campaign for the 1980 European Championships with a narrow 4–3 victory over Denmark in Copenhagen.
27 September 1978: Nottingham Forest knock holders Liverpool out of the European Cup in the first round after completing a 2–0 aggregate success with a goalless draw at Anfield.
30 September 1978: Liverpool hold a two-point advantage at the top of the First Division from Merseyside rivals Everton, having dropped just one point from their first eight League games. Nottingham Forest are still unbeaten, but are five points off the pace having drawn six matches already. Birmingham City are bottom, still looking for their first win of the season.
21 October 1978: Liverpool continue their tremendous start to the season by beating Chelsea 2–0. The result puts them four points clear at the top of the table – they have taken 21 points from a possible 22, scoring 35 goals and conceding just four in eleven matches so far. West Bromwich Albion continue their good start to the season by thrashing Coventry City 7–1.
28 October 1978: Everton beat Liverpool for the first time for nearly seven years when Andy King scores the winning goal in a 1–0 victory at Goodison Park. The result cuts Liverpool's lead over the Toffeemen to two points. Like Everton, Nottingham Forest are still unbeaten, and are a further two points behind. At the bottom, Birmingham City remain without a win, and have just three points from twelve matches.
4 November 1978: Nottingham Forest and Everton draw 0–0 at the City Ground, leaving both teams still unbeaten in the League.
11 November 1978: Birmingham City record their first League win of the season at the fourteenth attempt, 5–1 at home to Manchester United.
29 November 1978: Viv Anderson, the 22-year-old Nottingham Forest defender, becomes England's first black full international when he appears in the 1–0 friendly win over Czechoslovakia at Wembley.
30 November 1978: At the end of November, Liverpool still hold a two-point lead over Everton, with West Bromwich Albion and Nottingham Forest a further four points adrift.
7 December 1978: Birmingham City sign 1978 World Cup-winning Argentinian player Alberto Tarantini for £295,000.
9 December 1978: Nottingham Forest lose in the League for the first time for 13 months, a run covering 42 matches, when they are beaten 2–0 by Liverpool at Anfield.
23 December 1978: Everton lose their first League match of the season, 3–2 to Coventry City, after a sequence of 19 unbeaten games. Arsenal beat Tottenham Hotspur 5–0 at White Hart Lane in the North London derby.
31 December 1978: At the end of the year, Liverpool lead Everton on goal difference at the top of the First Division, with a game in hand. West Bromwich Albion remain in contention, just two points off the top. Birmingham City are bottom with just eight points so far, and Chelsea and Wolverhampton Wanderers are also in the relegation zone.
7 January 1979: West Bromwich Albion pay a national record £516,000 for Middlesbrough defender David Mills.
10 January 1979: High-fliers Everton are beaten 2–1 by Second Division Sunderland in the FA Cup third round. Tottenham Hotspur are held to a 1–1 draw by non-league Altrincham.
22 January 1979: After four draws, the FA Cup third round tie between Arsenal and Third Division Sheffield Wednesday is finally resolved when the Gunners win the fourth replay 2–0.
31 January 1979: At the end of a month in which only twelve First Division matches were played, West Bromwich Albion and Everton have moved above Liverpool at the top of the table, although the Reds have played fewer games.
3 February 1979: Liverpool beat West Bromwich Albion 2–1 at Anfield to reclaim top spot in the First Division table as Everton suffer just their second League defeat of the season, 1–0 at relegation-threatened Wolverhampton Wanderers.
7 February 1979: England move to the top of their European Championship qualifying group with an emphatic 4–0 win over Northern Ireland at Wembley.
9 February 1979: Trevor Francis becomes Britain's first £1million footballer when he is transferred from Birmingham City to Nottingham Forest, doubling the British record fee set when West Bromwich Albion signed David Mills last month.
26 February 1979: Arsenal beat Nottingham Forest 1–0 at the City Ground in the FA Cup fifth round. Tottenham Hotspur, Liverpool, Manchester United and Ipswich Town are amongst the other First Division sides to progress.
28 February 1979: Liverpool at now five points clear of Arsenal and Everton at the top of the First Division, with two games in hand. Birmingham City are eight points from safety at the bottom, and are joined in the relegation zone by Chelsea and Queens Park Rangers.
3 March 1979: Chelsea débutant goalkeeper Petar Borota picks up a clean sheet against Liverpool, while Osvaldo Ardiles and David Mills score their first goals for their clubs: the Argentine internationalist bags a brace in Tottenham's 2–0 win over Derby County while Mills contributes to West Bromwich Albion's 3–1 win over Coventry City.
10 March 1979: Liverpool win 1–0 away to Ipswich Town to reach the FA Cup semi-finals. The two other ties played today end in 1–1 draws.
17 March 1979: Nottingham Forest retain the EFL Cup with a 3–2 win over Southampton in the final.
21 March 1979: Arsenal beat Southampton 2–0 in their FA Cup sixth round replay to join Liverpool, Wolverhampton Wanderers and Manchester United in the semi-finals.
31 March 1979: Arsenal beat Wolverhampton Wanderers 2–0 at Villa Park to reach the FA Cup final. In the other semi-final, Manchester United and Liverpool draw 2–2 at Maine Road. In the league, Liverpool hold a comfortable four-point lead over Everton at the top at the end of the month. Chelsea have slipped behind Birmingham City on goal difference at the bottom, and Queens Park Rangers remain in the relegation zone.
4 April 1979: Manchester United beat Liverpool 1–0 at Goodison Park in the FA Cup semi-final replay to reach the Final.
16 April 1979: Chelsea lose 5–2 away to Arsenal and are relegated to the Second Division.
21 April 1979: Birmingham City become the second team to be relegated from the First Division when they lose 2–0 at home to Nottingham Forest.
25 April 1979: Nottingham Forest reach the European Cup final at the first attempt when a 1–0 win away to West German side Cologne gives them a 4–3 aggregate victory.
28 April 1979: Liverpool move to the brink of regaining the First Division title after they draw 0–0 away to Nottingham Forest. They are seven points ahead of Forest and West Bromwich Albion.
4 May 1979: Queens Park Rangers take the last First Division relegation place when they are beaten 4–3 by Leeds United.
8 May 1979: Liverpool beat Aston Villa 3–0 at Anfield to clinch the First Division title. They finish unbeaten at home this season, and have scored 51 and conceded just four goals in 19 wins and two draws.
12 May 1979: Arsenal win the FA Cup to end an eight-year trophy drought, defeating Manchester United 3–2 in the final with a last-gasp goal by Alan Sunderland after United had scored two goals in the last five minutes.
18 May 1979: Nottingham Forest pip West Bromwich Albion to second place in the League by beating them 1–0 at The Hawthorns. Forest finish eight points behind champions Liverpool and one ahead of Albion, who are themselves eight points ahead of fourth-placed Everton.
26 May 1979: England beat Scotland 3–1 at Wembley to clinch the Home Championship.
30 May 1979: Nottingham Forest's remarkable run of glory continues when they beat Malmö of Sweden 1–0 in the European Cup final. Trevor Francis scores the only goal of the game.
1 June 1979: West Bromwich Albion sell winger Laurie Cunningham to Real Madrid of Spain for £995,000.
6 June 1979: England win 3–0 away to Bulgaria to move closer to next season's European Championship Finals.
National teams
British Home Championship
UEFA competitions
Brian Clough's Nottingham Forest added the European Cup to their League Cup victory with a 1–0 win over Malmö of Sweden in the final.
In UEFA Cup, West Bromwich Albion and Manchester City reached the quarter-finals. Arsenal were eliminated in the third round, and Everton in the second round.
FA Cup
Arsenal won the FA Cup after surviving a late fight-back from Manchester United in the final at Wembley. Manchester United scored twice in the last five minutes to make the score 2–2, but a last-minute goal from Alan Sunderland saw Arsenal claim the trophy with a 3–2 scoreline. It was their first trophy success since Terry Neill replaced Bertie Mee as manager.
League Cup
Nottingham Forest added the League Cup to their honours list, with a 3–2 victory over Southampton in the final.
Football League
First Division
Bob Paisley won his third league title as his Liverpool side fought off competition from Nottingham Forest and West Bromwich Albion to finish eight points clear at the top of the table. Their final points tally of 68 was a record under the two points for a win system, and Ray Clemence kept 28 clean sheets in a season that saw Liverpool concede only four goals at home. Also, Liverpool became one of the first English clubs to have a shirt sponsor when they agreed a sponsorship deal with the Japanese hi-fi manufacturers Hitachi.
Defending champions Nottingham Forest finished second, but their amazing success story under Brian Clough continued as they won the European Cup and also retained the EFL Cup. In February 1979, they made history by signing Trevor Francis from Birmingham City in British football's first million-pound transfer. West Bromwich Albion finished third in their first full season under the management of Ron Atkinson. Everton and Leeds United completed the top five.
Arsenal, who finished seventh, compensated for a failure to challenge for the league title by winning the FA Cup, where they beat Manchester United 3–2 in a dramatic final where they had surrendered a 2–0 lead in the final few minutes before Alan Sunderland scored a last-gasp winner. It marked the end of a disappointing second season in charge for Dave Sexton, whose United team could only manage a ninth-place finish in the league.
New manager Danny Blanchflower was unable to save Chelsea from relegation to the Second Division, and with financial problems still affecting the West London club, midfielder Ray Wilkins was sold to Manchester United for £750,000. Birmingham City fared little better, finishing only two points ahead of Chelsea. QPR, who had declined since the departure of Dave Sexton in 1977, were the final relegated side, just three years after finishing second in the league; they had been comfortably mid-table at the turn of the year, but a disastrous second half of the season sent them down.
With 23 draws from 42 matches, Norwich City set a record that stands to this day for highest percentage of draws in an English Football League season.
Second Division
Crystal Palace continued to excel under Terry Venables and finished the season as Second Division champions, with their promising young side being dubbed "the team of the eighties" by the sporting press, who expected them to challenge for honours at the highest level in the coming decade. Brighton and Stoke City were also promoted, while Sunderland missed out by a single point.
Blackburn Rovers, Millwall and Sheffield United went down to the Third Division.
Third Division
Graham Turner kicked off his managerial career by delivering the Third Division title to Shrewsbury Town, who reached the Second Division for the first time in their history. The other two promotion spots were occupied by newly promoted Watford and Swansea City, who within a few seasons would make their mark on the First Division.
Lincoln City, Tranmere Rovers, Walsall and Peterborough United all went down to the Fourth Division.
Fourth Division
Reading, Grimsby Town, Wimbledon and Barnsley occupied the Fourth Division promotion places. The success came for Wimbledon in only their second season as a league club and within a decade they would be an established First Division club. Wigan Athletic enjoyed a strong debut in the Football League by finishing sixth.
The re-election system voted in favour of the league's bottom four clubs and there was no relegation from the Fourth Division this season.
Top goalscorers
First Division
Frank Worthington (Bolton Wanderers) – 24 goals
Second Division
Pop Robson (West Ham United) – 24 goals
Third Division
Ross Jenkins (Watford) – 29 goals
Fourth Division
John Dungworth (Aldershot) – 26 goals
Non-league football
The divisional champions of the major non-League competitions were:
Star players
Liam Brady was credited for his part in Arsenal's FA Cup triumph with the PFA Players' Player of the Year.
Cyrille Regis played a major part in West Bromwich Albion's best league season for years and received the PFA Young Player of the Year award in recognition of his excellence.
Kenny Dalglish was voted FWA Footballer of the Year for helping Liverpool win the First Division.
Star managers
Bob Paisley brought league championship glory to Liverpool.
Brian Clough guided Nottingham Forest to a double triumph of the European Cup and League Cup.
Terry Neill won his first major trophy as Arsenal manager in shape of the FA Cup.
Ron Atkinson led West Bromwich Albion to third place in the League, just two places and nine points away from the top spot.
Gordon Lee took Everton into the UEFA Cup after steering them to fourth place in the league.
Terry Venables took Crystal Palace into the First Division as Second Division champions.
Graham Turner took Shrewsbury Town into the Second Division for the first time by winning the Third Division title.
Graham Taylor won his second promotion with Watford to bring them within one division of the top flight.
John Toshack completed back-to-back promotions with Swansea City to take them into the Second Division.
Famous debutants
1 January 1979 – Gary Lineker, English striker, makes his English league debut for Leicester City aged 18 in a 2–0 win over Oldham Athletic in a Second Division game at Filbert Street
28 April 1979 – Ian Rush, 17-year-old Welsh striker, makes his debut playing out of position (in midfield) for Chester in their 2–2 Third Division draw with Sheffield Wednesday at Sealand Road. On the same day, Clive Allen, 17-year-old striker, scores a hat-trick on his debut for Queens Park Rangers in the 5–1 First Division win over Coventry City.
30 April 1979 – Kevin Moran, Irish defender, makes his English league debut for Manchester United the day after his 23rd birthday in a 1–1 draw with Southampton in a First Division game at The Dell.
5 May 1979 – Mark Hateley, English striker, makes his English league debut for Coventry City aged 17 in a 3–0 win over Wolves in a First Division game at Highfield Road.
Deaths
13 July 1978 – George Reader, 81, scored in his only appearance for Exeter City in their last season before joining the Football League in 1920, and then signed for Southampton, playing three league matches before dropping into non-League football to concentrate on his career as a school teacher before becoming a linesman in 1936 and being promoted to a referee in 1939. He refereed the decisive final group match of the 1950 World Cup between Uruguay and Brazil.
23 July 1978 – Tommy McLaren, 29, former Port Vale midfielder; committed suicide.
15 August 1978 – Dan Tremelling, 80, kept goal in 382 league games for Birmingham City between 1919 and 1932, then playing a further 57 league games for Bury before retiring in 1936. He won one England cap in 1927.
18 September 1978 – Bobby Finch, 30, who died of meningitis, played six league games for QPR in the late 1960s before moving to South Africa.
13 October 1978 – Bill Yates, 75, kept goal six times in the league for Bolton Wanderers and 47 times for Watford during the interwar years.
23 October 1978 – Vic Woodley, 68, kept goal in 252 league games for Chelsea during the 1930s, signing for Derby County in 1946 and completed his senior career with a further 30 league games for the East Midlanders. He was England's regular goalkeeper in the immediate pre-war era, being capped 19 times from 1937 to 1939.
November 1978 – Hugh Neil, 42, former Carlisle United defender; died in a car accident.
8 November 1978 – Geoff Marlow, 63, was a left-winger for Lincoln City between 1937 and 1949, with the war restricting him to just 80 league appearances for the Sincil Bank side, scoring 26 goals.
14 November 1978 – Charlie Flood, 82, scored 68 league goals as a forward during the 1920s for Hull City, Bolton Wanderers, Nottingham Forest, York City and Swindon Town.
18 December 1978 – Cuthbert Coundon, 73, played 39 league games as a right-winger for Southampton and Wolverhampton Wanderers in the 1920s.
24 December 1978 – Stan Seymour, 83, served Newcastle United as a player, manager, vice-chairman and life president from 1920 until his death. He played in their FA Cup winning side of 1924 and league title winning side of 1927, and managed them to FA Cup glory in 1951 and 1952. As a player, he could play as a winger or striker, and managed 73 goals in 242 league games between 1920 and 1929.
20 January 1979 – Johnny Paul, 74, Scottish born winger, played 206 league games and scored 49 goals for Bristol City from 1922 until a knee injury ended his career in 1930.
21 March 1979 – Leslie Allman, 76, made his 15 Football League appearances as a goalkeeper for Norwich City in the late 1920s, spending the rest of his career at non-league level.
13 April 1979 – Fred Worrall, 68, was capped twice by England as a right-winger in the 1930s and was an FA Cup runner-up in 1934 and a winner in 1939 with Portsmouth.
31 May 1979 – Ernest Perry, 87, was with Port Vale as a centre-half when they joined the Football League during 1919–20 on taking over the fixtures of Leeds City, playing 44 league games for the Valiants, later playing 62 times in the league for Crewe Alexandra.
17 June 1979 – Sir Hubert Ashton, 81, was a full-back during the interwar years for West Bromwich Albion, Corinthian, Bristol Rovers and Orient. He was more famous as a cricketer and after retiring for sport he entered politics, serving Chelmsford in Essex as a Conservative MP from 1950 to 1964. He was knighted in 1959.
References
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1978%E2%80%9379%20in%20English%20football
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High School Rock is the fourth studio album by American rock band the Huntingtons, released in 1998 on Tooth & Nail Records, the band's first for the label. A remastered version was released in 2009, available as a digital download. According to the band, the album was remastered to get it sounding the way they always wanted it to sound. The remastered version includes a bonus track previously only available on vinyl. In 2021, this album was re-released by Sexy Baby Records on cassette tape with newly designed artwork.
Track listing
High School Rock-N-Roll
We Don't Care
FFT
Aloha, It's You
I Don't Wanna Sit Around With You
When I Think About Her
Jeannie Hates The Ramones
I'm No Good
Pencil Neck
Stinky's All Grown Up
1985
How Can I Miss You If You Won't Go Away?
Dies Saugt
No Luck Again
Jackie Is An Atheist
Avi Is A Vampire
Personnel
Mikey Huntington: vocals, bass
Cliffy Huntington: guitar, vocals
Mikee Huntington: drums
Bradley Huntington: guitar, vocals
Additional musicians
Teakettle Jones – casiotone
Zac Damon – additional vocals on tracks 6, 7, 8 and 15
Dan Lumley – tambourine
Production
Produced and Engineered by Mass Giorgini
Assisted by Zac Damon, Denny Muller, and Fergus Daly
Drum Tech: Dan LumleyMixed, Edited and Sequenced by Mass Giorgini.
Mastered by Brian Gardner at Bernie Grundman's
Executive Producer: Brandon Ebel
References
External links
Huntingtons blog
Tooth & Nail Records Huntingtons page
High School Rock Remastered on Decapolis
The Huntingtons albums
1998 albums
Tooth & Nail Records albums
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High%20School%20Rock
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The Sullivan Athletic Center is an athletic facility on the campus of DePaul University in Chicago, Illinois. The facility houses McGrath-Phillips Arena, a 3,000-seat multi-purpose arena.
It is the home arena for the women's volleyball team and part-time home for the women's basketball team. The facility also serves as the practice facility for the men's basketball team.
History
The Sullivan Center, originally named the DePaul Athletic Center, opened in 2000 and was renamed in 2006. It replaced Alumni Hall. The DePaul Blue Demons athletic department is housed in the Sullivan Center.
McGrath-Phillips Arena
McGrath-Phillips Arena located in the Sullivan Athletic Center was the part-time home of the DePaul men's basketball team from 2000 to 2017 and is the practice facility for the team. From 2000 to 2017, it was the full-time home of the DePaul women's basketball team and now serves as the part-time home for the women's team.
The women's volleyball team has played all their home games at McGrath-Phillips since its opening in 2000.
McGrath-Phillips Arena served as the host of the 2002 Conference USA women's basketball tournament, 2007 National Invitation Tournament and 2019 College Basketball Invitational Tournament.
In 2010, the court in McGrath-Phillips was named after the longtime coach of the women's basketball team, Doug Bruno.
See also
DePaul Blue Demons
Wintrust Arena
References
Basketball venues in Chicago
College basketball venues in the United States
College volleyball venues in the United States
Volleyball venues in Chicago
DePaul Blue Demons basketball venues
DePaul Blue Demons women's volleyball
Sports venues completed in 2000
2000 establishments in Illinois
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sullivan%20Athletic%20Center
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The Hour of Slack is a one-hour radio program produced by the Church of the SubGenius centering on the King of Slack, J. R. "Bob" Dobbs. Reverend Ivan Stang presents his own commentary, along with recorded material from all SubGenius radio and stage shows, bands, ranters, media barrage collage artists, and selections from the indie audio underground created by various SubGenii and others. Over 1,700 segments of this show have been broadcast. It is syndicated across North America, and weekly shows (and past segments) are available by mail. Originally created in Dallas, TX, the show now originates either in pre-recorded form from the Church of the SubGenius headquarters in Cleveland Heights, OH, or occasionally performed live at WCSB-FM (both for broadcast and live MP3 stream) on the campus of Cleveland State University. The show is also available as a podcast in iTunes
Stations that carry Hour of Slack
ALASKA - Kasilof: KWMD 90.7 FM
ALASKA - Anchorage: KWMD 104.5 FM
ARKANSAS - Fayetteville: KXUA 88.3 FM
CALIFORNIA - Santa Cruz: Free Radio Santa Cruz 101.1 FM
COLORADO - Boulder: KFBR 95.3 FM
CONNECTICUT - New London: WCNI 90.9 FM (intermittently)
CONNECTICUT - Storrs: WHUS 91.7 FM
FLORIDA - Dade City: Dade City Community Radio 87.9 FM
GEORGIA - Atlanta: WREK 91.1 FM Georgia Tech (also Rev. Susie's "Bob's Slacktime Funhouse" afterwards)
IDAHO - Moscow: KRFP 92.5 FM
ILLINOIS - Champaign: WEFT 90.1 FM (part of The Mental Vortex)
INDIANA -
MAINE - Portland: WMPG 90.9 FM
MINNESOTA - Minneapolis: Radio Free Twin Cities 93.1 FM
N. CAROLINA - Greensboro: WQFS 90.9 FM
N. CAROLINA - Durham: WXDU 88.7 FM
OHIO - Cleveland: WCSB 89.3 FM (flagship station)
OHIO - Kingsville: Edge Radio 106.7 FM
PENNSYLVANIA - Stroudsburg: WFZR 89.1 FM
TENNESSEE - Sewanee: WUTS 91.3 FM
TENNESSEE - Knoxville: WOZO-LP 103.9 FM
TEXAS - Austin: KAOS 95.9 FM
WISCONSIN - Madison: WORT 89.9 FM
WISCONSIN - Milwaukee: WICA 92.9 FM
CANADA - Halifax: CKDU-FM 88.1 FM
CANADA - Vancouver, BC: CJSF-FM 90.1 FM and 93.3 cable FM
CANADA - Victoria: CFUV-FM 101.9 FM
Shortwave - WBCQ 'The Planet', 7.415 MHz shortwave (also on freq. 9.330, 17.495 and 5.110 MHz)
External links
Hour of Slack official website at SubGenius.com - includes broadcast times, downloads.
Church of the SubGenius
American comedy radio programs
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hour%20of%20Slack
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The Awful Green Things from Outer Space (AGTFOS) is a two-player space combat board game developed and illustrated by Tom Wham.
Publication history
TSR
The Awful Green Things from Outer Space was first published as an insert in the July 1979 edition of [[Dragon (magazine)|Dragon magazine]] (Issue #28). This proved so popular that TSR published a boxed set the following year.
Steve Jackson Games
After the TSR version went out of print, the rights to the game were subsequently acquired by Steve Jackson Games, which produced a new boxed set in 1989. The game has undergone a number of revisions over the years, and both full-sized and smaller Pocket Box editions exist.
Theme
The spaceship Znutar has become infested with rapidly multiplying space monsters after the crew brings aboard a green rock. One player assumes the role of The Awful Green Things (GT's), the other player controls the ship's crew. The GTs' aim is simple: devour the crew and grow. The crew must destroy the GT's, using hand-to-hand combat and improvised "weapons" made from ordinary objects that will have an unknown effect in combat. If the crew player decides that the cause is hopeless, the crew can activate the ship's self-destruct mechanism and abandon ship. The crew must act quickly, or become overwhelmed by the rapidly breeding menace.
The overall action is inspired by the 1968 science fiction film The Green Slime.
Rules
Components
The boxed set contains a 16-page rulebook, 151 counters, five green six-sided dice and a 11.5" x 21" game board.
Setup
Initially, 22 crew members face off against 11 or 12 GT's that range in size from immobile eggs to full adults. The GT's can grow to a maximum complement of 12 adults, 18 babies, 19 eggs and 22 fragments (pieces capable of regenerating). The crew can use weapons but cannot replace losses. The crew is almost always at a considerable disadvantage, owing both to the frequency with which The Awful Green Things grow to replace their losses, and to their own relative frailty.
Each crew member and GT has three statistics: Attack Dice, Constitution and Movement Allowance. All GT's of the same size / growth phase have the same statistics.
The crew player places the crew members in their respective rooms. Most crew members have several rooms to choose from, but must be placed initially in one of these rooms (rather than in an arbitrary starting location). For example, Captain Yid can start in either of the two bridges. Weapons are also placed by the crew player in the appropriate pre-defined locations.
A roll of a die indexed into a table determines the starting number and type of GT’s. Another roll determines where in the ship the first GT is placed; the rest are placed in contiguous spaces, one to each space. GT's may not start in locations where crew members have been placed.
After setup is completed, the crew player must select one member of the crew to move into a location occupied by a GT. This is designated as the initial discovery of the infestation, which raises the alarm, causing the game to start. The Awful Green Things player takes the first turn.
Gameplay
The Awful Green Things player
During his or her turn, the GT player can, in this order:
Grow, one of: fragments to babies, eggs to babies, babies to adults, or have the adults lay eggs. All non-stunned GT's of the selected growth phase perform this action simultaneously.
Move, 2 spaces for adults, 1 space for babies.
Attack. Roll the number of attack dice the attackers possess for a target in the same room; the target is killed if its Constitution is exceeded. Killed crew members are eaten for an immediate growth boost.
Wake up, if stunned the previous turn.
Crew player
During the crew player’s turn, he or she can, in this order:
Grab weapons. This includes items such as a ray gun, hypodermic, Can of Zgwortz, knife, pool stick, etc.
Move, up to four spaces for the swift and as little as one space for Leadfoot the Robot.
Attack. The crew can fight with their bare hands or with various tools found throughout the ship. When a weapon is used for the first time, a chit is drawn to determine its effect. The result can range from very powerful (five dice to kill), to bad (growth), to disastrous (multiplication—roll one die to determine the number of fragments produced).
Wake up, if stunned the previous turn.
Weapons
During the game, crew members will grab and use various weapons. While the actual action of a given weapon type is randomized for each game, weapons have certain characteristics which always remain the same. This includes things such as the range of the weapon (i.e., how far away it can be used) and whether it is re-usable. Weapons function according to the following table:
Scoring
Once all of the crew members have been killed or escaped, a score value is calculated for both players based on the game resolution. If some crew members escape, victory depends on the number of crew members which escape and make it back to their home planet. Scores are calculated according to the following table:
If the crew escapes, the crew player may play through a short epilogue which determines whether or not each escape boat actually made it back home successfully. This is done by reading through a very short series of text passages, while making choices and rolling a die to determine what happens (much like a gamebook).
Reception
In the January–February 1980 edition of The Space Gamer (Issue No. 26), Steve Jackson liked the original boxed set published by TSR, saying, "If you like slightly-wacky short games, find a copy of this one. You won't regret it."
In the August–September 1980 edition of White Dwarf magazine (Issue 20), John Olsen gave the TSR boxed set game an average score of 7 out of 10, noting that "Unfortunately, luck plays a large part in the outcome." However, Olsen concluded, "I quite enjoyed playing this wild and crazy game."
In the January 1989 edition of Dragon (Issue 141), Jim Bambra reviewed the boxed set produced by Steve Jackson Games in 1989, and concluded, "If you like fun board games, don’t miss this one, or you’ll never forgive yourself."
Three years later, in the December 1991 edition of Dragon (Issue 176), Doug Niles also reviewed the Steve Jackson Games boxed set, calling it "an exercise in whimsy that nonetheless
provokes a tense and well-balanced battle for survival. Throughout, the rules retain a storytelling air that makes for enjoyable reading and wild, unpredictable game effects." Niles did criticize the low production values of the game components, calling the board "light and flimsy", and noting that the counters need to be cut apart with scissors. But acknowledging that it was "a wild and woolly game that moves quickly and promises to be different each time it is played", Niles gave a positive recommendation, saying "Despite its silliness, it is a game that rewards a careful and consistent strategy worked out over a period of turns."
John ONeill of Black Gate called the game "one of the great mini-games of all time", noting that it "stood out for its gonzo humor and original design".
In a retrospective review in the August 1999 issue of InQuest Gamer, Charlene Brusso stated that the game "is so simple you could teach it to your grandma...and she'd like it!" and that it resulted in "lots of wacky fun".
ReviewsGames #19
1980 Games 100 in GamesGames & Puzzles #81Jeux & Stratégie #13
LegacySpace Station Zulu, a video game closely resembling The Awful Green Things from Outer Space'', was published by Avalon Hill in 1982.
References
External links
Awful Green Things from Outer Space, The entry in SF Encyclopedia
Official The Awful Green Things from Outer Space Rules
Board games introduced in 1980
Science fiction board games
Steve Jackson Games games
Tom Wham games
TSR, Inc. games
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Awful%20Green%20Things%20from%20Outer%20Space
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The University of Oriente (UDO), founded in 1958, is one of the most important national (Federal) universities in Venezuela and the main autonomous university institution dedicated to teaching, research and development in Eastern Venezuela, which has an approximate area of 365,878 km², 40% of the entire surface of Venezuela. With the commitment to train university professionals for the industries where the world's largest accumulation of heavy and extra-heavy oil, gas, coltan, uranium, coal, gold, diamonds, bauxite and underlying rare earths are found in the Guiana Shield or, the oldest geological formation on earth. With one of the largest hydroelectric generation systems in the world. To the north with the Caribbean Sea, to the south with the Amazon Rainforest (greatest biodiversity in the world) and the Guiana Shield (also among the regions with the greatest biodiversity in the world).
Sustainable tourism, studies of tropical diseases. Energy, minerals, all these diversities of resources and their industries in Eastern Venezuela constitute the lines of academic research, development and innovation promoted by the University of Oriente through its Research and Development Centers (R&D) in its 5 campuses or cores. of each State or federal entity in Eastern Venezuela and, who also interact with academic researchers on the 5 continents. Lysmata udoi was discovered in joint work between researchers from the Carcinology Research Group, School of Applied Marine Sciences, Núcleo Nueva Esparta, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (Panama), Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce (USA), Department of Biology Marina, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Universidad Católica del Norte (Chile).
The main headquarters of the UDO and the office of the Rector (Director) is located in the city of Cumaná and was created as a national (federal), public and autonomous study house, from which thousands of professionals in various careers have graduated. many of them occupying positions of national and international relevance, it is also the university that is among the first university positions in the entire country.
History
The Universidad de Oriente was founded on 21 November 1958 by Decree Law No. 459 published in the Official Gazette of the Republic of Venezuela No. 25,831 by the Governing Board chaired by Dr. Edgar Sanabria, as Minister of Education on Dr. Rafael Pizani, under the leadership of its founder Rector Dr. Luis Manuel Peñalver. It became operational on 12 February 1959, which marked the birth of the University of the East and a year later, 113 students and a dozen teachers, in an old mansion of Cumana Caiguire sector, leading the way of fruitful academic activity in this house college.
On 29 March 1960, the republic's president, Rómulo Betancourt, officially opening the Universidad de Oriente, an act on the former site of the School "Pedro Arnal" in the capital sucrense. In his notes: "This university will allow the training of professionals in the various branches of human knowledge, to study here and here to stay ... those students at the University of East must come from all social classes, because in this country must make certain that the formula in the only democracy that exists is the aristocracy of persistent efforts, hard working and creative "
Following the lack of infrastructure and lack of trained personnel in the region to impart knowledge is entered into an agreement with the University of Kansas City and some other universities in South America and Japan to educate the teachers. The need for construction of the campus led to the state of Sucre State Council to offer a plot of 300 hectares in Cerro Colorado to the development of the Rectory and School of Basic Courses. In October 1961, Nucleus is installed in Monagas with the School of Agricultural Engineering and Petroleum, at the Center for Bolivar began in January 1962 with the School of Medicine and School of Geology and Mines, in the Nucleus of Anzoátegui (initially Instituto Tecnologico named Barcelona) began on 9 January 1963 with the School of Chemical Engineering at the Core of Nueva Esparta basic courses were initiated on January 21, 1969, all these lands were donated large transnational companies and rulers states.
The Oceanographic Institute of Venezuela was created as a branch of the University of East by means of the Executive Order 459 of President Edgar Sanabria signed on November 21, 1958. The institute began its work in 1959 at the Marine Biology Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture in Caigüire, Sucre, and moved to its definitive headquarters at the University main campus in the city of Cumaná, in 1963. The oceanographic vessel Guaiquerí II was the IOV research platform. Equipped with all the necessary adaptations of a maritime laboratory, it was the means of transportation for the researchers and technical personnel to take samples of the marine flora and fauna on the Venezuelan coasts
It is one of the oldest and most important centers for oceanographic and marine science research and teaching in the Caribbean and Latin America regions.
In planning the University of East is defined as a higher education system serving the region with common goals to other universities in Venezuela and the world. However, it is unique, experimental and independent, innovative in creating professional unit of Basic Courses, departmentalization, the semi-annual periods, the system of credit units, intensive courses, etc.., To develop scientific research, teaching and extension in all aspects of knowledge, which provides educational programs for undergraduate and graduate. It is almost an antithesis of the traditional university campus which is located in the nuclei university located in Anzoátegui, Bolívar, Monagas, Nueva Esparta and Sucre, thus assuming responsibility for education from their home university and a key driver for overall development throughout the island region east and south, depending on conditions and possible development trends in each of the Eastern States where they operate.
In its conception, the Universidad de Oriente is defined as a higher education system at the service of the region with objectives common to other Venezuelan and world universities. However, it is unique in its kind, experimental and autonomous, innovative in the creation of the professional unit of Basic Courses, the departmentalization, the semester periods, the system of credit units, the intensive courses; developing scientific research, teaching and extension in all aspects of knowledge, which are included in its undergraduate and graduate educational programs. It is almost an antithesis of the traditional university whose campus is based in the campuses or university centers located in the states of Anzoátegui, Bolívar, Monagas, Nueva Esparta and Sucre; thus assuming responsibility for university education and from its beginning a fundamental driver of comprehensive development in the entire island, northeastern and southern region of the country, depending on the conditions, possibilities and development trends of each of the eastern states where it operates.
The Oceanographic Institute of Venezuela (IOV), founded in 1963, has received international recognition that guarantees its level, for being a world reference in the study of marine sciences. The oceanographic vessel Guaiquerí II was the IOV research platform. Equipped with all the necessary adaptations of a maritime laboratory, it was the means of transportation for the researchers and technical personnel to take samples of the marine flora and fauna on the Venezuelan coasts.
At the Universidad de Oriente you can take courses or carry out academic research and development in the areas of: Aquaculture, Administration, Agronomy, Architecture, Bioanalysis, Biology, Marine Biology, Fisheries Biology, Spanish and Literature, Civil Engineering, Computing, Accounting, Education, Electricity, Nursing, Statistics, Physics, Management, Geology, Hospitality, IT, English, Mathematics, Maintenance, Mechanics, Medicine, Mines, Animal Production, Petroleum, Chemistry, Human Resources, Computer Systems, Industrial Systems, Sociology, STEM, Food Technology, Electronic Technology, Mechanical Manufacturing Technology, Social Work, Tourism.
Some UDO facilities have been hit hard by the government's policy against Venezuelan universities for more than 10 years. The main strength of the Universidad de Oriente is its global network of professors, researchers and graduates working in strategic positions in various sectors.
Crisis at the Universidad de Oriente
Universidad de Oriente (UDO), an educational institution in Venezuela, has experienced challenges over the past decade, akin to other public institutions in the country. These challenges have raised questions about the institution's autonomy and sustainability. In the recent decade, UDO's autonomy has faced pressures, and its operational capacity has been restricted. Notably, there have been budgetary limitations, with the received funding often not meeting the university's operational requirements. As a result, there have been issues with staff remuneration, facility maintenance, and overall institutional health. Some sections of its infrastructure have also reported damage.
During this period, UDO recorded a decline in faculty and student numbers. In 2022, a portion of faculty members transitioned out of the institution, a trend observed across many institutions in Venezuela. Concurrently, there was a decrease in student enrollment, suggesting concerns about the institution's prospective trajectory. This reduction has also been reflected in the university's research contributions, which had previously held significance in the eastern region of Venezuela.
In response to these challenges, the UDO community has proposed various strategies, including exploring alternative funding mechanisms, expanding academic programs on an international scale, and fostering collaborations with other national and international institutions. It is noted that preserving UDO's university autonomy is a critical factor for the success of these strategies.
Related links
Oceanographic Institute of Venezuela
References
External links
University of Oriente Website
Universities in Venezuela
Universities and colleges established in 1959
1959 establishments in Venezuela
Buildings and structures in Sucre (state)
Buildings and structures in Anzoátegui
Buildings and structures in Monagas
Buildings and structures in Bolívar (state)
Buildings and structures in Nueva Esparta
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidad%20de%20Oriente
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Sarojini Pillay is a Fijian academic of Indian descent. In the second week of February 2006, Pillay, a former Registrar of the University of the South Pacific (USP), was appointed as the first Registrar of the newly founded University of Fiji, scheduled to take up her duties on 13 March.
Pillay is a graduate of the Central Michigan University in the United States, the University of Madras in India, and the Fiji School of Agriculture. She first became Registrar of the USP in 1991, and after her retirement from this position she was approached by the new university to be its first Registrar.
Sources
Fiji Sun
Central Michigan University alumni
Pillay, Sarojini
Living people
Fijian Tamils
Academic staff of the University of the South Pacific
University of Madras alumni
Women academic administrators
Indian academic administrators
Fijian women
Fijian women academics
Fijian academic administrators
21st-century Fijian educators
Year of birth missing (living people)
21st-century women educators
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarojini%20Pillay
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Macdonaldtown is an urban place in Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. It is 4 kilometres south-west of the Sydney central business district, adjacent to the suburbs of Newtown, Eveleigh and Erskineville. Macdonaldtown is part of the local government area of the City of Sydney and informally part of the region of the Inner West. The locality is around Macdonaldtown railway station, on the Inner West line of the Sydney Trains network.
History
The suburb of Macdonaldtown was named for Stephen Macdonald, who owned a property in the south of Erskineville. It was advertised with the name "Macdonald Town". The whole suburb of Macdonald was incorporated as a local government area in 1872 and was renamed as Erskineville in 1893.
References
Sources
The Book of Sydney Suburbs, Compiled by Frances Pollen, Angus & Robertson Publishers, 1990, Published in Australia
External links
Macdonaldtown Geographical Names Board of New South Wales
Sydney localities
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macdonaldtown
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The Colbys is an American prime time television soap opera that originally aired on ABC from November 20, 1985, to March 26, 1987. Produced by Aaron Spelling, it was a spin-off of Dynasty, which had been the highest rated series for the 1984–1985 U.S. television season. The Colbys revolves around another vastly wealthy, upper-class family, who are relatives by marriage of the Carringtons of Dynasty and who own a large multinational conglomerate. It stars Charlton Heston as billionaire Jason Colby, Barbara Stanwyck as his sister Constance, Stephanie Beacham as Jason's wife Sable, and John James and Emma Samms as their Dynasty characters Jeff Colby and Fallon Carrington. Designed to be bigger than the original show, The Colbys was ultimately a ratings disappointment, and was cancelled after two seasons and 49 episodes.
Series overview
Episodes
Season 1 (1985–86)
Season 2 (1986–87)
Ratings
References
External links
The Colbys episode guide – UltimateDynasty.net
The Colbys episode list – IMDb.com
List
Lists of soap opera episodes
Lists of American drama television series episodes
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20The%20Colbys%20episodes
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Jon Lynn Christensen (born February 20, 1963) is an American politician and corporate executive who is a former member of the United States House of Representatives.
Early life
Jon Lynn Christensen was born on February 20, 1963, in St. Paul, Nebraska, to Audrey and Harlan Christensen. He graduated from St. Paul High School, earned a Bachelor of Arts in business and biology from Midland Lutheran College in 1985, and a Juris Doctor from South Texas College of Law in Houston in 1989. He was admitted to the bar in Nebraska in 1992.
Career
Christensen was vice president of COMREP, Inc. He was a marketer and salesperson for Connecticut Mutual Insurance Company. For his last several years prior to serving in Congress, he was an insurance executive and helped form the Aquila Group, Inc.
Christensen was elected as a Republican to the 104th and 105th United States Congresses serving from January 3, 1995, to January 3, 1999. In 1998, he ran for Governor of Nebraska but came third in the Republican primary behind State Auditor John Breslow and Mike Johanns, who went on to win the general election.
Personal life
Christensen has been married twice. He married Meredith Stewart Maxfield in 1987. The marriage ended in divorce in 1996. In 1998, he married the former Miss America, Tara Dawn Holland; they have two daughters.
Christensen is a member of the ReFormers Caucus of Issue One.
References
1963 births
Living people
People from St. Paul, Nebraska
South Texas College of Law alumni
Nebraska lawyers
Midland University alumni
Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Nebraska
Members of Congress who became lobbyists
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jon%20Christensen%20%28politician%29
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The Arbatel De Magia Veterum () is a Latin grimoire of Renaissance ceremonial magic published in 1575 in Switzerland.
Title
A. E. Waite assumes that the title is from the (or Arbotal) as the name of an angel the author would have claimed to have learned magic from.
Adolf Jacoby believed the name to be a reference to the Tetragrammaton, via the Hebrew ARBOThIM (fourfold) and AL (or God).
Peterson, mentioning the above possibilities, also suggests that the title might be the author's pseudonym.
Origin
The Arbatel is noted for being straightforward in its writing, positive in its contents, and unusually honest regarding its origins. While a number of occult works claim to be from earlier periods and other regions than where they were actually published, textual evidence demonstrates that the book must have been written between 1536 and 1583, which encompasses the claimed date of 1575. The final editing of the book was likely carried out by Theodor Zwinger, and was almost definitely published by Pietro Perna, leaving little doubt to the book's claimed Swiss origin. The author remains unknown, but Peterson believes one Jacques Gohory (1520–1576) to be the most likely possibility. Gohory, like Zwinger and Perna, was a Paracelsian.
Some German manuscripts produced shortly after its publication attribute the work to Paracelsus, though without evidence.
Nature
The Arbatel mainly focuses on the relationship between humanity, celestial hierarchies, and the positive relationship between the two. The Olympian spirits featured in it are entirely original.
A. E. Waite, quite clear of the Christian nature of the work (if dissatisfied with its ideas of practical magic), writes that the book is devoid of black magic and without any connection to the Greater or Lesser Keys of Solomon. Unlike other grimoires, the Arbatel exhorts the magus to remain active in their community (instead of isolating themselves), favoring kindness, charity, and honesty over remote and obscure rituals.
The Bible is the source most often quoted and referred to throughout the work (indeed, the author appears to have almost memorized large portions of it, resulting in paraphrases differing from the Vulgate). The Arbatel cannot be understood if separated from the philosophy of Paracelsus, who appears to have coined the term "Olympic spirits", and was the inspiration for the Arbatels understanding of elementals (including Paracelsus's gnomes and the uniquely Paracelsian "Sagani"), the macrocosm and microcosm, and experimentation combined with respect for ancient authorities. Indeed, the Arbatel is both broadly and deeply rooted in classical culture, including Ancient Greek philosophy, the Sibylline oracles and Plotinus, in addition to the contemporaneous theology and occult philosophy of figures such as Iovianus Pontanus and Johannes Trithemius. (All of these traits also feature in the works of Jacques Gohory, which Peterson claims as evidence for his theory of Gohory's authorship.)
Reception and influence
The Arbatel was one of the most influential works of its kind from its period, inspiring figures such as Johann Arndt, Gerhard Dorn, Adam Haslmayr, Robert Fludd, Heinrich Khunrath and Valentin Weigel, in addition to its editor and publisher, Zwinger and Perna. It was possibly the first work to use "Theosophy" in an occult sense (as opposed to a synonym for theology), and for distinguishing between human ("anthroposophia") and divine knowledge ("theosophia"). Indeed, Jakob Böhme may have chosen the word "Theosophy" to describe his ideas due to its use in the Arbatel. It was where Thomas Vaughan found the term anthroposophy, later adopted by Rudolf Steiner to describe his belief system. Not all reception was positive, however. The book was condemned by Johann Weyer in his De praestigiis daemonum as being "full of magical impiety", and by Reformed Church censor Simon Sulzer. In 1617, the University of Marburg took action against two professors who intended to use the grimoire as a textbook, and expelled a student obsessed with it. In 1623, an accused witch named Jean Michel Menuisier revealed that, despite not owning a copy of the Arbatel, used a few invocations from it.
John Dee wrote about studying the Arbatel (among many other occult works of the period). This influence lead Nicholas Clulee to posit that Dee did not see his angelic experiments as magical, but in fact religious, as both Dee's ceremonies and the magical system of the Arbatel begin with prayers to God that cautiously lead into requests to see heavenly angels. Dee also recorded calling upon at least the Arbatels solar Olympian spirit Och. Swedish mystic Johannes Bureus credited the work for his interest in Kabbalah.
Elements of the Arbatel appear in a number of versions of the Sixth and Seventh Books of Moses. Ebenezer Sibly and Frederick Hockley incorporated a number of elements from Robert Turner's translation of the Arbatel into their own magical works, including The Clavic or Key to the Magic of Solomon and The Complete Book of Magic Science, the latter of which was one of many later sources for the Grimoire of Turiel.
A copy of the work was listed in the catalogue for the San Francisco Mercantile Library in 1854. Although access to it would have been restricted, its presence indicates that it played a role in American folk beliefs. In 1898, Arthur Edward Waite undertook the first historical study of grimoires as a genre, detailing the Arbatel as one of many important works. A copy of a German translation appeared in the Berlin publishing company Herman Barsdorf Verlag's Magische Werke in 1921. Occultist Stephen Skinner claims that the isopsephy of the names of the Olympic Spirits summing to 31, the numeration of "AL" as in Liber AL, may have been responsible for inspiring Aleister Crowley's Liber AL vel Legis, although Skinner admits that the influence on Crowley may not have been conscious.
Editions
The first edition was published in 1575 in Basel, with no evidence for earlier editions despite some claims otherwise. Other editions include:
A reprint in 1575, Basel.
English translation by Robert Turner, London, 1655, printed in Turner's translation of the spurious "Fourth" book of Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa's Three Books of Occult Philosophy. The most popular version in the English-speaking world, though with some mistakes.
German translation by Andreas Luppius, Wesel, 1686. Reprinted by Johann Scheible's Das Kloster. Features a number of additions and changes, including a printer's mark mistakenly assumed to be a part of the work. Andreas Luppius also published a version of the Arbatel as Clavicula Salomonis et Theosophia pneumatica.
English translation in the British Library's Sloane Manuscripts, 3851. A different translation from Turner's, with more corruptions, errors and even missing sections. Copied from the notebook of a physician named Arthur Gauntlet. It does, however, feature a "Seal of Secrets" mentioned in one section that is absent from all other versions. This version (as part of Gauntlet's notebook) was later edited and published by David Rankine and Avalonia press as The Grimoire of Arthur Gauntlet in 2011.
Another partial independent English translation in the Sloane MS, 17th century.
Another German translation by Scheible, Stuttgart, 1855. Mostly follows Luppius, with some corrections to match the original Latin.
French translation by Marc Haven, Nice, 1945. Claims to be translated from the original Latin, but appears to be a retranslation of Turner's English version.
Latin text with parallel English translation by Joseph H. Peterson, Arbatel: Concerning the Magic of the Ancients. Newly translated, edited and annotated by Joseph H. Peterson, Ibis Press/Nicolas Hays, 2009.
References
Notes
Bibliography
External links
Joseph H. Peterson's Bilingual text of the Arbatel of Magic
Turner's English translation, 1655, pdf format
1575 books
Christian mysticism
Grimoires
Hermeticism
Paracelsus
16th-century Latin books
Works of unknown authorship
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbatel%20de%20magia%20veterum
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Constanze Manziarly (14 April 1920 – disappeared 2 May 1945) was born in Innsbruck, Austria. She served as a cook and dietitian to Adolf Hitler until his final days in Berlin in 1945.
Early life
Manziarly was born in Innsbruck, Austria, on 14 April 1920.
Career
Manziarly began working as cook and dietitian for Hitler from his 1943 stays at the Berghof until his death in Berlin on 30 April 1945. Hitler took up residence in the Führerbunker on 16 January 1945. The Reich Chancellery bunker complex in Berlin was made up of two bunkers, the lower Führerbunker and the older upper bunker, known as the Vorbunker. Two rooms in the Vorbunker were used for food supply. Another room was made up of the kitchen which had a refrigerator and a wine store. Manziarly used the kitchen to prepare Hitler's meals while he stayed in the Führerbunker.
Together with Gerda Christian and Traudl Junge, Manziarly was personally requested by Hitler to leave the bunker complex on 22 April. However, all three women volunteered to stay with the dictator until his death, and he apparently gave each of them a cyanide capsule to take should they decide to end their own lives.
Manziarly left the bunker complex on 1 May in a break-out group led by SS-Brigadeführer Wilhelm Mohnke. Evading the Soviet Red Army troops, they made their way north to a German Army hold-out in the cellar of the Schultheiss-Patzenhofer Brewery on the Prinzenallee. The group included Dr. Ernst-Günther Schenck, Gerda Christian, Else Krüger, and Traudl Junge. Early on 2 May, the German group was captured by Soviet soldiers. Mohnke tasked the four women with trying to deliver his written report to Hitler's successor, Karl Dönitz. The women walked out of the brewery courtyard and made their way into the Soviet occupied area of Berlin. The women split up, with Christian and Krueger waiting at a water supply area. Manziarly, whom Junge thought looked like "the ideal image of Russian femininity, well built and plump-cheeked", was wearing a Wehrmacht jacket, and went to find some civilian clothes while Junge waited for her. Junge next saw Manziarly being taken towards a U-Bahn subway tunnel by two Soviet soldiers; she reassured Junge that "They want to see my papers." Manziarly was never heard from again.
Portrayal in the media
Constanze Manziarly has been portrayed by the following actresses in film and television productions:
Phyllida Law in the 1973 British film Hitler: The Last Ten Days.
Carole Boyd in the 1973 British television production The Death of Adolf Hitler.
Pam St. Clement in the 1981 American film The Bunker.
Bettina Redlich in the 2004 German film ''Downfall (Der Untergang).
See also
List of people who disappeared
References
1920 births
1940s missing person cases
Austrian chefs
Dietitians
Austrian civilians killed in World War II
Missing people
Missing person cases in Germany
People from Innsbruck
Personal staff of Adolf Hitler
Women in World War II
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constanze%20Manziarly
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Air Marshal Sir Hector Douglas McGregor, (15 February 1910 – 11 April 1973) was a senior Royal Air Force commander.
RAF career
Born in New Zealand and educated at Napier Boys' High School, McGregor joined the Royal Air Force in 1928. He served as a pilot but in 1931 he attended the Aircraft Engineering Course and he subsequently undertook several engineering-related tours. He served before and during World War II as Officer Commanding No. 33 Squadron at Heliopolis in Egypt and on attachment at Lydda in Palestine, where he earned the Distinguished Service Order for his leadership during policing duties. He went on to be Officer Commanding No. 213 Squadron at RAF Biggin Hill in 1940, Station Commander at RAF Ballyhalbert in 1941 and then Senior Air Service Officer at No. 82 Group later the same year before being made Officer Commanding, Tangmere Sector in 1942. He became deputy director, Operations, Intelligence and Plans at Headquarters Mediterranean Air Command in 1943 and Air Officer Commanding Air Headquarters Levant in 1944.
After the War, he became Air Officer Commanding No. 2 Group in 1951 before being appointed Director of Guided Missile Development at the Ministry of Supply in 1953. He went on to be Assistant Controller, Aircraft at the Ministry of Supply in 1956, Chief of Staff (Air Defence) at Headquarters SHAPE in 1957 and Commander-in-Chief of Fighter Command in 1959. His last appointment was as Commander-in-Chief of the Far East Air Force in 1962 before he retired in 1964.
In retirement, McGregor became Chairman of the New Zealand News Consultative Board in 1964.
References
|-
|-
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1910 births
1973 deaths
New Zealand military personnel
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Companions of the Distinguished Service Order
Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath
Officers of the Legion of Merit
People educated at Napier Boys' High School
People from Wairoa
Royal Air Force air marshals
Mandatory Palestine military personnel of World War II
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hector%20McGregor
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The Twelve Grapes (Sp. , "the twelve grapes of luck") is a Spanish tradition that consists of eating a grape with each of the twelve clock bell strikes at midnight of December 31 to welcome the New Year. Each grape and clock bell strike represents each of the coming twelve months.
This tradition dates back from at least 1895 but was consolidated among the population in 1909. In December of that year, some Alicantese vine growers spread this custom to better sell huge numbers of grapes from an excellent harvest. According to the tradition, eating the Twelve Grapes leads to a year of good luck and prosperity. In some areas, this practice was also believed to ward off witches and evil in general, although today it is mostly followed as a tradition to celebrate and welcome the New Year.
There are two types of places where people gather to eat the grapes: at home with family members after Nochevieja dinner, or in the main squares around the country, with the most famous being the Puerta del Sol in Madrid (and where this tradition started). The Twelve Grapes are closely related to the time ball and clock of the Royal House of the Post Office in Puerta del Sol, from where the change of year is broadcast on all major national television networks and radio stations, with television broadcasting beginning in 1962 on Televisión Española.
The Twelve Grapes have also been adopted in places with a broad cultural relation with Spain and Latin American countries, as well as Hispanic communities in countries such as the United States. This tradition is part of the Hispanic Christmas festivities.
References
External links
New Year celebrations
Spanish traditions
Viticulture
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twelve%20Grapes
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Timothy Manning (Irish: Tadhg Ó Mongáin) (November 15, 1909 – June 23, 1989) was an Irish American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Los Angeles from 1970 to 1985, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1973.
Early life and ministry
Timothy Manning was born in Ballingeary, Ireland, to Cornelius and Margaret (née Cronin) Manning. Originally attending Mungret College in Limerick, he followed a call for priests in the United States and entered St. Patrick Seminary in Menlo Park, California, in 1928. Manning was ordained on June 16, 1934, and then furthered his studies at the Pontifical Gregorian University in Rome, obtaining his doctorate in canon law in 1938.
Upon his return to the States, he did pastoral work in the Archdiocese of Los Angeles, also serving as secretary to Archbishop John Joseph Cantwell from 1938 to 1946. Manning was raised to the rank of Privy Chamberlain of His Holiness on April 15, 1943, and later Domestic Prelate of His Holiness on November 17, 1945. He became chancellor for the Archdiocese on March 19, 1946.
Episcopal career
On August 3, 1946, Manning was appointed Auxiliary Bishop of Los Angeles and Titular Bishop of Lesvi by Pope Pius XII. He received his episcopal consecration on the following October 15 from Bishop Joseph Thomas McGucken, with Bishops James Edward Walsh, MM, and Thomas Arthur Connolly serving as co-consecrators.
He became vicar general of the Archdiocese on November 29, 1955, and attended the Second Vatican Council from 1962 to 1965.
Bishop of Fresno
Manning was named the first Bishop of Fresno on October 16, 1967. During his tenure, he supported the organization of a labor union for Central Valley farm workers, and sought to help wine producers and grape pickers reconcile their differences.
Archbishop of Los Angeles
After less than two years in Fresno, Manning was named Coadjutor Archbishop of Los Angeles and Titular Archbishop of Capreae on May 26, 1969. He succeeded James Francis McIntyre as the third Archbishop of Los Angeles on January 21, 1970. While a strong proponent of ecclesiastical authority, Manning took a more gentle style than his predecessor. The end of McIntyre's tenure saw tensions with the clergy and minorities and, following Manning's ascension, the new archbishop stated, "My first reaction was to make it known that I was here to listen." He instituted ministries for blacks and Hispanics, a presbyterial council to grant the clergy greater participation in the governance of the Archdiocese, and an Inter-Parochial Council to extend the same participation to the laity. Shortly after becoming Archbishop, a majority of the Sisters of the Immaculate Heart of Mary, who had feuded with McIntyre, left the religious life and founded a lay community. He also supported the 1973 merger of the all-male Loyola University and all-female Marymount College into Loyola Marymount University in 1973; McIntyre had resisted attempts to allow co-education in the Archdiocese's Catholic university and colleges.
Pope Paul VI created him Cardinal-Priest of S. Lucia a Piazza d'Armi in the consistory of March 5, 1973. During the Vietnam War, Manning counseled young men on their right to become conscientious objectors. Staunchly anti-abortion, the Archbishop declared that any Catholic who cooperated in an abortion would suffer excommunication from the Church, including the mother herself. In 1974, in response to the Supreme Court's ruling on Roe v. Wade, he testified before the Subcommittee on Constitutional Amendments of the Senate Judiciary Committee, saying, "An amendment is necessary first of all to protect the lives of the unborn children who can be killed—indeed, are being killed at this very moment—in the wake of the Supreme Court's decisions. But it is also needed to restore integrity to the law itself, to make the American legal system once more the guarantor and protector of all human rights and the human rights of all."
Manning was one of the cardinal electors who participated in the conclaves of August and October 1978, which selected Popes John Paul I and John Paul II respectively. Before entering the August conclave, he noted that the Church "has no political support in many places" and called for a pope who could "change people through warmth." In 1981, John Paul II sent him as a special papal envoy to the celebration in Drogheda, Ireland of the third centennial of Saint Oliver Plunkett's martyrdom. He called for a halt to the deportation of Salvadoran civil war refugees in 1983.
Later life and death
After fifteen years in Los Angeles, Manning retired as archbishop on June 4, 1985. He took up residence at Holy Family Parish in South Pasadena.
Manning died on June 23, 1989, at the Norris Cancer Hospital of the University of Southern California, aged 79. He is buried at Calvary Cemetery in East Los Angeles.
References
External links
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Los Angeles
20th-century American cardinals
American Roman Catholic clergy of Irish descent
Roman Catholic archbishops of Los Angeles
Participants in the Second Vatican Council
Cardinals created by Pope Paul VI
Irish emigrants to the United States
Saint Patrick's Seminary and University alumni
1909 births
1989 deaths
Burials at Calvary Cemetery (Los Angeles)
American anti-abortion activists
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timothy%20Manning
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Everyday Food (from the test kitchens of Martha Stewart Living) was a digest size cooking magazine and PBS public television program published and produced by Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia (MSLO). Both feature quick and easy recipes targeted at supermarket shoppers and the everyday cook.
History and profile
Everyday Food was established in 2003. It stopped stand-alone subscriptions and became a bi-monthly supplement packaged with Martha Stewart Living in 2013, while also continuing to provide digital content online and through the tablet app "Martha's Everday Food".
In August 2004, the Everyday Food television show on PBS was announced. It aired for six seasons from Jan 2005 through April 2010. A companion series, Everyday Baking from Everyday Food, with John Barricelli as the principal chef, premiered in January 2008 and ran for only one season of 13 episodes.
See also
Martha Stewart
Martha Stewart Living
Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia
WETA-TV
References
External links
Magazine Official Site
Television Program Official Site
Martha Stewart Official Site
Everyday Food Blog
Irregularly published magazines published in the United States
Defunct magazines published in the United States
Food and drink magazines
Magazines established in 2003
Magazines disestablished in 2013
Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia
Online magazines with defunct print editions
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everyday%20Food
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The Zipser Germans, Zipser Saxons, or, simply, just Zipsers (, , , ) are a German-speaking (more specifically Zipser German-speaking as native dialect) sub-ethnic group in Central-Eastern Europe and national minority in both Slovakia and Romania (there are also Zipser German settlements in the Zakarpattia Oblast, in the historical region of Carpathian Ruthenia, present-day western Ukraine). Along with the Sudeten Germans (), the Zipser Germans were one of the two most important ethnic German groups in the former Czechoslovakia. An occasional variation of their name as 'Tzipsers' can also be found in academic articles. Former Slovak President Rudolf Schuster is partly Zipser German and grew up in Medzev ().
The Zipser Germans were previously native to the Szepes County (; , ) of Upper Hungary—today mostly north-eastern Slovakia—as that region was settled by colonists from present-day central Germany (and other parts of contemporary Germany) during the High Middle Ages, more specifically beginning in the mid 12th century, as part of the Ostsiedlung. Beginning in at least the 18th century, many members of this German ethnic sub-group migrated to southern Bukovina, Maramureș, Transylvania, and in the mountainous Banat (all of the aforementioned regions situated in contemporary Romania). Most of the Zipser German community in Romania lives in Maramureș County and across the Rodna Mountains respectively.
Occasionally, Zipser Germans are also referred to as Zipser Saxons (, ), a name stemming from their geographic origin of initial settlement during medieval times corresponding to the present-day Spiš () region situated in north-eastern Slovakia. The county () where they settled in the beginning is known in Hungarian as 'Szepes'. Alongside the Transylvanian Saxons in Transylvania, contemporary central Romania, and the Baltic Germans from Estonia and Latvia, the Zipser Germans are one of the three oldest German-speaking and ethnic German groups in Central and Eastern Europe, having continuously been living there since the High Middle Ages onwards.
The Zipser Germans can also be equated with the Germans of Slovakia () and are part of the broader group of Carpathian Germans (), having chiefly been referred to as such along with the Germans of Carpathian Ruthenia since the end of World War II onwards. They are also part of the Germans of Romania. The small community of Zipsers still living in Suceava County, southern Bukovina, Romania, can be perceived as part of the Bukovina German community as well, in the greater sense that is.
Medieval history
German settlers were invited to settle in the Spiš region across the High Tatras, present-day Slovakia, then Szepes County () of Upper Hungary in the Kingdom of Hungary, beginning in the mid 12th century by former King of Hungary Géza II of Hungary. These settlers' occupations ranged from miners and traders to builders. The last wave of German colonists arrived during the 15th century, towards the end of the Middle Ages (or the Late Middle Ages).
As in the cases of other historical regions from Central and Eastern Europe, this migration of German settlers at the invitation of local kings (known as Ostsiedlung in German historiography) from several Central-Eastern European countries had the main goal to enrich the local medieval communities with more trade and urbanization as well as to fortify them in the wake of the Mongol invasion (as did the Transylvanian Saxons in Transylvania, another former region of the Kingdom of Hungary during the Middle Ages).
In the particular case of present-day Slovakia, these German settlers stemmed from lower Rhine river valley (including present-day Luxembourg), Flanders, Saxony, and Silesia (in present-day south-eastern Poland). They governed themselves under the Zipser Willkür, a particular medieval German law (more specifically German town law) which they developed there under a certain degree of local autonomy provided by the Hungarian monarch. Zipser Willkür is the oldest form of German law from Slovakia.
In the passing of time, as in the case of other local communities in Central-Eastern Europe colonized with ethnic Germans during the Middle Ages, these newly arrived German settlers became the dominant class and the majority ethnic group in the towns and villages they had either founded or re-populated (as other settlements were previously founded by Slovaks). They eventually became collectively known as Zipser Germans given the fact that they helped develop Szepes County. They are sometimes referred to as Zipser Saxons () as well. As in the case of the Transylvanian Saxons in Transylvania (another Central-Eastern European historical region which previously belonged to the medieval Kingdom of Hungary), the Zipser Germans founded imposing castles and fortified urban settlements.
Modern period history
During the modern period, as it was the case of other ethnic German groups from non-native German Central and Eastern European countries, the population of Zipser Germans gradually declined on the territory of contemporary Slovakia. Zipser German populations were still significant in several parts of central Slovakia though, but not as significant as they once were during the Middle Ages (both in absolute numbers and in social status). They also underwent forced Magyarization during the 19th century.
Beginning in at least the 18th century, many Zipser Germans from the territory of present-day Slovakia emigrated southward to Habsburg-ruled and, later on, Austrian-ruled Bukovina () and also to Maramureș, where they established or intermixed in already established Romanian rural settlements but also settled in the towns. Many of them were miners, both in Bukovina and in Maramureș.
20th century and contemporary history
During and after World War II, most Zipsers evacuated or were expelled to West Germany. A community of speakers remains in the Zips village of Chmeľnica (; their distinctive dialect is called 'Outzäpsersch', , literally Old Zipserish), and others remain in Romania where they and other German-speaking minority groups are currently represented by the Democratic Forum of Germans in Romania (FDGR/DFDR) at political, cultural, and administrative levels.
Some notable localities in southern Bukovina (contemporary Suceava County) previously inhabited by a significant number of Zipser Germans include Iacobeni (), Cârlibaba (), and Fundu Moldovei ().
To this day, sparse Zipser German communities still reside in southern Bukovina and northern Transylvania, in Maramureș/Maramureș County more specifically, where they are also officially represented at political and administrative level (albeit only to a lesser extent) after the latest Romanian locations which were held in September 2020.
Nonetheless, most of the remaining Zipser Germans in Romania live in Maramureș, northern Transylvania. Therefore, the main localities still populated by Zipser Germans in Maramureș County according to the 2011 Romanian census are the following ones, both urban settlements (a town and a municipality):
Vișeu de Sus ()
Baia Mare ()
Historical occupations
In general, all the more with respect to Maramureș and Bucovina, the Zipser Germans were mainly:
Miners;
Lumberjacks;
Farmers.
Thus, from a historical point of view, their societies are mostly characterised by the rural character of their traditional occupations over the passing of time.
In medieval times, the historical occupations of the Zipser Germans in Slovakia were the following ones (as it was the case of other German-speaking groups during the Ostsiedlung as part of an emerging feudal system):
Castle builders or fortification builders in general;
Knights/soldiers;
Blacksmiths;
Carpenters;
Cobblers (hence e.g. the family name Schuster);
Miners;
Lumberjacks;
Farmers.
As opposed to the Modern Age societies of Zipser Germans in present-day Romania, the societies of Zipser German in medieval contemporary Slovakia had both a rural and urban character, also revitalising urbanisation on previously existing Slavic/Slovakian towns and cities.
Demographics
Once, the Zipser Germans had a significant and sizeable demographic presence in Czechoslovakia and subsequently also in Slovakia, but their numbers have been constantly decreasing over the years well into the 21st century. Nowadays, relatively few live in Slovakia and even fewer Zipsers live in Romania as well. The main reason why their numbers decreased considerably after World War II is because they had been expelled, as was the case of the Sudeten Germans or other German groups from Central and Eastern Europe (), thereby resettling in either Austria or West Germany.
Media
In Slovakia, the Zipser Germans and the Carpathian Germans have their own monthly publication/newspaper which is called Karpatenblatt (the publication also has a YouTube channel).
Cultural and social life in Romania
In Romania, the Zipser Germans hold a festival on yearly basis (just as other German-speaking and German-stemming ethnic minorities all across Romania) which is called Zipsertreff. The Zipsertreff is held in Vișeu de Sus () in Maramureș and is an important celebration of the local Zipser German heritage and culture.
Notable Zipser Germans
Rudolf Schuster, partly Zipser German, former President of Slovakia
Ottó Herman, polymath
Gerhard Cerny, writer
Johann Generisch, historian
Hugo Weczerka, historian
Gallery
See also
List of German names for places in Slovakia
Province of 16 Szepes Towns
Roman Catholic Diocese of Satu Mare
Veľká Lomnica
Dobšiná
Prešov
German Party (Slovakia)
Zipser German Party
Carpathian German Party
Carpathian Germans
Bukovina Germans
Transylvanian Saxons
Germans of Romania
Further reading
Gisela Richter, Anneliese Thudt: Die Mundarten der sog. Zipser in Oberwischau. In: Forschungen zur Volks- und Landeskunde. Volume 8, 1985, pages 27–48 (in German).
Oskar Hadbawnik: Die Zipser in der Bukowina. (i.e. The Zipsers in Bukovina) published by Landsmannschaft der Buchenlanddeutschen e.V. München, Bavaria, West Germany, 1986 via Google Books (in German).
Povești din folclorul germanilor din România by Roland Schenn, Corint publishing house, 2014 (in Romanian)
External links
Frozen Spis (Spiš), Slovakia, a short YouTube panoramic video clip showcasing the region of Spiš () from north-eastern Slovakia;
Zipser Doku, a brief bilingual German-Romanian documentary on YouTube on the life of the Zipser German community of Vișeu de Sus (), Maramureș, Maramureș County, northern Romania;
"SÜSSE HEIMAT ZIPSEREI" Trailer zum Dokumentarfilm über die deutsche Minderheit, a trailer on YouTube on a documentary on the Zipser German minority in Vișeu de Sus (), Maramureș, Maramureș County, northern Romania;
Schaufenster Enkelgeneration - Alfred Ludovic Fellner (Oberwischau/ Vişeu de Sus), a brief documentary on YouTube by Goethe-Institut Bucharest on the Zipser German community in Vișeu de Sus (), Maramureș, Maramureș County, northern Romania;
Zipseri/Țipțeri, a Romanian television (TVR 2) documentary on the Zipser German community in Romania.
References
Ethnic German groups in Romania
Ethnic groups in Slovakia
Ethnic groups in Transylvania
+Zipser
Spiš
Bukovina
Banat
Maramureș
Luxembourgian diaspora
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zipser%20Germans
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Paramilitary forces of Pakistan can refer to any of the following:
Civil Armed Forces
Punjab Rangers
Sindh Rangers
Frontier Corps Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (North)
Frontier Corps Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (South)
Frontier Corps Balochistan (North)
Frontier Corps Balochistan (South)
Frontier Constabulary
Pakistan Coast Guards
Gilgit-Baltistan Scouts
Pakistan National Guard
Mujahid Force
Janbaz Force
National Cadet Corps (Pakistan) (disbanded)
Women's Guard (disbanded)
Pakistan Levies (partially disbanded)
Balochistan Levies
Dir Levies
Gilgit-Baltistan Levies Force
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Levies
Malakand Levies
Swat Levies
Former paramilitary forces
Al-Badr in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh)
Al-Shams in East Pakistan
Azad Kashmir Regular Force (now the fully military Azad Kashmir Regiment)
East Pakistan Rifles (now the Border Guards Bangladesh)
Federal Security Force, a secret police from 1972-1977
Gilgit Scouts (now the fully military Northern Light Infantry Regiment but see Gilgit-Baltistan Scouts above)
Khasadar, disbanded in 2019
Mehran Force, replaced by the Pakistan Rangers (Sindh)
Razakar in East Pakistan
See also
Law enforcement in Pakistan
United Nations peacekeeping missions involving Pakistan
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paramilitary%20forces%20of%20Pakistan
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James W. Abbott (born June 12, 1948) is an American retired politician and academic, most recently serving as the president of the University of South Dakota from 1997 to 2018. Abbott was the Democratic nominee in the 2002 South Dakotan gubernatorial election. Abbott is a distinguished alumni of the Lambda Chi Alpha Fraternity.
Career and politics
Abbott is a businessman and former politician. He represented Yankton County in the South Dakota State Legislature from 1991 to 1993. In 1994, Abbott was the Democratic nominee for Lieutenant Governor on the ticket with gubernatorial candidate Jim Beddow, a former president of Dakota Wesleyan University. The ticket was defeated by Republicans Bill Janklow and Carole Hillard. He was the Democratic nominee for Governor of South Dakota in 2002, but lost to Republican Mike Rounds. Abbott also mounted an unsuccessful bid for the Democratic nomination for U.S. House of Representatives in 1996, losing the nomination to Rick Weiland.
Academic career
Abbott was named president of his alma mater, the University of South Dakota, in 1997. Abbott received his bachelor's degree in 1970 and his Juris Doctor in 1974 from University of South Dakota School of Law.
South Dakota gubernatorial election, 2002
In 2002, Abbott took a leave of absence from the presidency to seek to Democratic nomination for Governor of South Dakota. He won the Democratic primary against State Senators Ron J. Volesky and Jim Hutmacher. He was defeated in the general election by Republican Mike Rounds.
Return to academia
After the election, Abbott returned to the presidency of the University of South Dakota.
In June 2007, Abbott took a leave of absence to donate a kidney to USD Chief diversity officer Bruce King at The Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn. The surgery was successful and Abbott returned to work two weeks later. He is a member of Lambda Chi Alpha fraternity.
References
External links
USD profile of Jim Abbott
Jim Abbott's historical listing at the South Dakota State Legislature
1948 births
Living people
People from Vermillion, South Dakota
People from Yankton County, South Dakota
Presidents of the University of South Dakota
South Dakota Democrats
University of South Dakota faculty
University of South Dakota School of Law alumni
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20W.%20Abbott
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Catterlen is a small village and civil parish north west of Penrith, Cumbria. At the 2001 census the civil parish had a population of 471, increasing to 605 at the 2011 Census.
The village is a linear one with the B5305 road dividing it into two. Junction 41 of the M6 motorway is at Catterlen.
The parish of Catterlen also includes the slightly more populous village of Newton Reigny which was a separate parish from 1866 to 1934, previous to 1866 both villages were part of a larger Newton Reigny Parish.
The large house and former pele tower known as Catterlen Hall is closer to Newton Reigny than Catterlen.
Within the parish is Newton Rigg College, which was part of the Yorkshire-based Askham Bryan College.
Etymology
The name Catterlen is Brittonic in origin. The first part of the name is the element cadeir, meaning "throne, chair" (see Chatterton and Chadderton in Lancashire, and Catterton in North Yorkshire). The second element in the name is lẹ:n, whose Welsh equivalent llwyn means "thicket (of small trees and bushes)".
See also
Listed buildings in Catterlen
References
External links
Cumbria County History Trust: Catterlen (nb: provisional research only – see Talk page)
Villages in Cumbria
Civil parishes in Cumbria
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catterlen
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Air tank may refer to:
Diving cylinder, used by scuba divers to hold air and other breathing gases at high pressure underwater
Pneumatic pressure vessel, for storing compressed air to operate equipment such as braking systems, paint dispensers and paintball guns
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air%20tank
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Namco was a video game developer and publisher, originally from Japan.
Bandai Namco Entertainment is the successor to Namco and continues manufacturing and distributing video games worldwide. For Namco games released following the 2006 merger with Bandai's video game division, see List of Bandai Namco video games. For a list of franchises owned by Bandai Namco, see List of Bandai Namco video game franchises.
Arcade-based games
Namco initially distributed its games in Japan, while relying on third-party companies, such as Atari and Midway Manufacturing to publish them internationally under their own brands. Later, it would handle its own publishing worldwide.
Electro-mechanical games
Namco proprietary arcade systems
Namco console-based systems
Namco PC-based systems
Third-party systems
Unknown hardware
Atari releases in Japan
Namco released a number of Atari arcade titles in Japan.
Console-based games
Published, developed, and/or produced
Developed only
Published only
Compilations
Ports and licensed games
Other platforms
Namco has ventured onto other platforms, either itself or through licensing agreements with other publishers.
See also
List of Bandai Namco video games
List of Bandai Namco video game franchises
References
Namco
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Namco%20games
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The Library of Adventures () is a popular series of adventure novels published by Detgiz in the Soviet Union in 1955 and reprinted in 1981. The series, much sought after by Soviet book collectors, comprised twenty books, more or less accurately reflecting the tastes of an adolescent Russophone readership.
Alexandre Dumas, père. The Three Musketeers.
Arthur Conan Doyle. The Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes.
Aleksei Tolstoy. The Garin Death Ray. Aelita.
Anatoly Rybakov. The Dagger. The Bronze Bird.
Vladimir Obruchev. Plutonia. Sannikov Land.
Veniamin Kaverin. The Two Captains.
Walter Scott. Quentin Durward.
Rider Haggard. King Solomon's Mines. Fair Margaret.
Gustave Aimard. Gambusino.
Georgy Adamov. The Mystery of Two Oceans.
Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
Jonathan Swift. Gulliver's Travels.
Jules Verne. In Search of the Castaways.
Ivan Efremov. The Land of Foam. The Starships.
Louis Boussenard. The Diamond Raiders.
Thomas Mayne Reid. Osceola.
Mark Twain. Adventures of Tom Sawyer. Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.
Robert Louis Stevenson. Treasure Island. The Black Arrow.
Wilkie Collins. The Moonstone.
James Fenimore Cooper. The Last of the Mohicans.
References
Series of books
Soviet culture
Book series introduced in 1955
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library%20of%20Adventures
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A muffin or cupcake tray is a mold in which muffins or cupcakes are baked. A single cup within a regular muffin tin is and most often has room for 12 muffins, although tins holding 6, 8, 11, 24, and 35 muffins do exist. A single cup within a mini muffin tin is , and because these are less common, there are several standard numbers of cups per tin, including 6, 12, and 24 cups per tin. A single cup within a jumbo muffin tin is , and again because these are uncommon, there are several standard numbers of cups per tin, including 4, 6, and 12 cups per tin.
Muffin tins can be made out of aluminum, stainless steel, cast iron, or silicone. In addition, aluminum and stainless steel muffin tins may be coated with Teflon or other non-stick coatings. Historically, galvanized steel has been used for muffin tins but this is no longer common.
See also
List of food preparation utensils
References
Cookware and bakeware
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muffin%20tin
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Rocket to Ramonia is an album by the Huntingtons released in 1996 in cooperation with the Flying Tart Recording Company, a division of Burnt Toast Vinyl. All tracks on the album are cover versions of Ramones songs. The album title is a reference to the Ramones album Rocket to Russia.
Album information
Produced by the HuntingtonsEngineered by Nick RotundoRecorded & Mixed in 15 hours at Clay Creek Recording, Newark, Delaware.Mastered by Barry Quinn at Masterfonics
Band Lineup
Cliffy Huntington: Guitar/Vocals
Mikey Huntington: Vocals/Bass
Mikee Huntington: Drums
Track listing
All songs written by Ramones.
"Rockaway Beach"
"Teenage Lobotomy"
"Suzy Is a Headbanger"
"Blitzkrieg Bop"
"Oh Oh I Love Her So"
"Judy Is a Punk"
"I Want You Around"
"Cretin Hop"
"Slug"
"She's the One"
"Beat on the Brat"
"You're Gonna Kill That Girl"
"Sheena Is a Punk Rocker"
"The KKK Took My Baby Away"
"Rock 'N' Roll High School"
The Huntingtons albums
1996 albums
Ramones tribute albums
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocket%20to%20Ramonia
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Devil's Ground is the fifth album by German power metal band Primal Fear. It was released on 23 February 2004.
Music videos were made for "Metal Is Forever" and "The Healer".
Track listing
All songs written by Mat Sinner, Ralf Scheepers, Stefan Leibing and Tom Naumann except where noted
Personnel
Ralf Scheepers – lead vocals
Stefan Leibing – guitars
Tom Naumann – guitars
Mat Sinner – bass guitar, vocals
Randy Black – drums
Production
Mat Sinner – Producer
Achim "Akeem" Köhler – Producer, Engineering, Mixing, Mastering
Leo Hao – Cover art
Ralf Scheepers – Producer
Randy Black – Producer
Tom Naumann – Producer
Stefan Leibing – Producer
Ingmar Schelzel – Engineering
Thomas Ewerhard – Layout
Alex Kuehr – Photography
Nuclear Blast albums
2004 albums
Primal Fear (band) albums
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devil%27s%20Ground
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Leonard Bernard Stern (December 23, 1922 – June 7, 2011) was an American screenwriter, film and television producer, director, and one of the creators, with Roger Price, of the word game Mad Libs.
Life and career
Stern was born in New York City and majored in journalism at New York University. He was a Women’s Army Corps recruiter while serving in the Army during World War II.
Stern was a successful television writer who wrote for such now classic series such as The Honeymooners, The Phil Silvers Show, The Steve Allen Show, Tonight Starring Steve Allen and Get Smart (a program on which he served as executive producer). Stern created the signature opening door credits for Get Smart.
Stern was also a writer for the 1952 Danny Thomas and Peggy Lee version of The Jazz Singer and a few Abbott and Costello films (with Martin Ragaway), among others. In the 1970s, he produced and directed the TV series McMillan & Wife, which starred Rock Hudson and Susan Saint James.
Stern was the senior vice president of Price Stern Sloan (PSS). In 2000, after Price's death, Stern and another partner, Larry Sloan, launched another publishing company, Tallfellow Press, and acquired the rights to Droodles. Stern co-wrote, with Diane L. Robison, A Martian Wouldn't Say That (2000), a compilation of actual memos and notes from television executives.
Early in his career, when he wanted to write feature films on his own, he had trouble finding work. When he finally got the assignment for Let's Go Navy! he adopted the pseudonym "Max Adams" because he "wasn't particularly proud of doing a Bowery Boys [film]".
Personal life
Stern was married twice. His first marriage was in 1951 to actress Julie Adams. The marriage ended in divorce two years later in 1953. In 1956, Stern married actress Gloria Stroock, to whom he remained married until his death. The couple had two children, Kate and Michael.
Death
On June 7, 2011, Stern died of heart failure at his home in Beverly Hills, California, aged 88. He was survived by his wife of 55 years, actress Gloria Stroock, as well as a son, daughter, two grandchildren, and a great-granddaughter. Funeral services were held at Mount Sinai Memorial Park.
Selected film and television credits
Producer
I'm Dickens, He's Fenster (1962–1963)
Supermarket Sweep (1965)
Get Smart (1965–1968)
Run, Buddy, Run (1966)
The Hero (1966–1967)
He & She (1967–1968)
The Good Guys (1968–1970)
The Governor & J.J. (1969–1970)
McMillan & Wife (1971–1976)
The Snoop Sisters (1972–1974)
Faraday & Company (1973)
Holmes & Yoyo (1976–1977)
Lanigan's Rabbi (1976)
Rosetti and Ryan (1977)
Operation Petticoat (1977–1978)
Partners in Crime (1984)
Get Smart, Again! (1989)
Missing Pieces (film) (1992)
Writer
Africa Screams (1949) uncredited, with Martin Ragaway
Ma and Pa Kettle Go to Town (1950) with Martin Ragaway
Abbott and Costello in the Foreign Legion (1950) with Martin Ragaway
The Milkman (1952) with Martin Ragaway
Ma and Pa Kettle at the Fair (1952) with Martin Ragaway
Lost in Alaska (1952) with Martin Ragaway
The Jazz Singer (1952)
Three for the Show (1955)
The Steve Allen Show (1956–1960)
The Honeymooners (1955–1956)
The Phil Silvers Show (1956)
The Jackie Gleason Show (1953–1956)
The Good Guys (1968)
Director
I'm Dickens, He's Fenster (1962–1963)
Run, Buddy, Run (1966)
He & She (1967)
The Good Guys (1968)
The Governor & J.J. (1969)
McMillan & Wife (1971)
The Snoop Sisters (1972)
Holmes & Yoyo (1976)
Lanigan's Rabbi (1977)
Just You and Me, Kid (1979)
Partners in Crime (1984)
Missing Pieces (1992)
Awards
Emmy Award, 1957, Best Comedy Writing-variety Or Situation Comedy (The Phil Silvers Show)
Emmy Award, 1967, Outstanding Writing Achievement In Comedy (Get Smart)
References
External links
Leonard Stern interview at Archive of American Television – July 13, 2000 and August 20, 2008
1922 births
2011 deaths
Screenwriters from New York City
American publishers (people)
American television directors
Television producers from New York City
American television writers
Jewish American screenwriters
American male television writers
Primetime Emmy Award winners
21st-century American Jews
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard%20B.%20Stern
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The eastern falanouc (Eupleres goudotii) is a rare mongoose-like mammal in the carnivoran family Eupleridae endemic to Madagascar .
It is classified alongside the Western falanouc (Eupleres major), recognized only in 2010, in the genus Eupleres. Falanoucs have several peculiarities. They have no anal or perineal glands (unlike their closest relative, the fanaloka), nonretractile claws, and a unique dentition: the canines and premolars are backwards-curving and flat. This is thought to be related to their prey, mostly invertebrates, such as worms, slugs, snails, and larvae.
It lives primarily in the lowland rainforests of eastern Madagascar, while E. major is found in northwest Madagascar. It is solitary and territorial, but whether nocturnal or diurnal is unknown. It is small (about 50 centimetres long with a 24-centimetre-long tail) and shy (clawing, not biting, in self-defence). It most closely resembles the mongooses with its long snout and low body, though its colouration is plain and brown (most mongooses have colouring schemes such as striping, banding, or other variations on the hands and feet).
Its life cycle displays periods of fat buildup during April and May, before the dry months of June and July. It has a brief courting period and weaning period, the young being weaned before the next mating season. Its reproductive cycle is fast. The offspring (one per litter) are born in burrows with opened eyes and can move with the mother through dense foliage at only two days old. In nine weeks, the already well-developed young are on solid food and shortly thereafter they leave their mothers. Though it is fast in gaining mobility (so as to follow its mother on forages), it grows at a slower rate than comparatively-sized carnivorans.
"Falanoucs are threatened by habitat loss, humans, dogs and an introduced competitor, the small Indian civet (Viverricula indica)."
Viverricula indica are also carnivores, and they had much spatial and temporal overlap with Eupleres goudotii when introduced to the same ecosystem the Eupleres goudotii were in. This overlap has shown to potentially have a negative impact on native carnivore populations such as the Eupleres goudotii because of the two species competing for similar resources.
References
Sources
Macdonald, David (ed). The Encyclopedia of Mammals. (New York, 1984)
External links
Eupleres goudotii - Animal Diversity Web
Images and Video - ARKive.org
EDGE species
eastern falanouc
Mammals of Madagascar
Endemic fauna of Madagascar
eastern falanouc
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern%20falanouc
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Richard Vaughan (born 16 April 1978) is a Welsh and British badminton player from Llanbradach, Caerphilly, Wales. Vaughan was the Chief Executive of Badminton Ireland between 2011 - 2015.
In 2014 Vaughan joined the board of Badminton Europe (a member of the Badminton World Federation). He chairs the high-performance commission, which has overseen the development of a World Training Centre in Denmark.
Between 2015-2020 Vaughan was the CEO of Squash Australia, where he oversaw the sport rebranding, topping the medal table at the 2018 Gold Coast Commonwealth Games. A new National Training Centre was opened on the Gold Coast in late 2018. In 2019, Vaughan established the 'Friends of Squash' Parliament competition with the current Sports Minister Anika Wells and Prime Minister Anthony Albanese.
In late 2020 Vaughan joined the board at Equestrian Australia as a Non-Executive Director, Chairing the Finance Committee.
Education
Vaughan holds an MBA from Leicester University and an MA in Sports Development from Bath University, having previously achieved a BSc(Hons) in economics and politics. He is currently completing a Ph.D. study at the University of Canberra via a Sports Integrity Australia scholarship. He has a long interest in athletes’ impact on the integrity of sport, demonstrated by his stance on Darfur in the build-up to Beijing 2008.
Career
Richard Vaughan won a bronze medal at the 2000 European Badminton Championships, losing to Peter Gade (Denmark) in the semi-final. He also won a bronze medal at the 2002 Commonwealth Games, beating world No3 Susilo (Singapore) and Gupta (India) on the way to the semi-final, where he lost to Lee (Malaysia). His highest world ranking was number 7 (2002). He beat the World No1 Roslin Hashim (Malaysia) at the Danish Open 2001 and Swiss Open 2002.
In 2004 Vaughan beat the World Champion Xia Xuanze (China) at the All England Super Series. He has 97 caps representing Wales (March 2009). In 2005 he established the Richard Vaughan Badminton Academy, based in the UK, helping establish many British and European players.
Vaughan has competed twice in badminton at the Summer Olympics. Vaughan played badminton at the 2000 Summer Olympics in men's singles, beating world No5 Boonsak Ponsana of Thailand in the first round and Swedish No1 Rasmus Wengberg of Sweden in the 2nd round, before losing to World No1 and World Champion Sun Jun of China, 13–15 13–15. He also competed at the 2004 Summer Olympics despite contracting a virus similar to glandular fever, which seriously impaired his preparation for the Athens Olympics. In men's singles, he defeated Marco Vasconcelos of Portugal in the first round. In the round of 16, Vaughan was defeated by Shon Seung-Mo of Korea, the eventual silver medalist.
Best Grand Prix results
Last 16 All England 2001, 2002, 2004, 2007
1/4 Final Danish Grand Prix 2001
1/4 Final Swiss Grand Prix 2002
1/4 Final German Grand Prix 2002
Semi Final Dutch Grand Prix 2000
Semi Final US Grand Prix 2007
Final Polish Grand Prix 2000
Final Polish Grand Prix 2001
Achievements
Commonwealth Games
Men's singles
European Championships
Men's singles
European Junior Championships
Boys' singles
World Grand Prix
The World Badminton Grand Prix sanctioned by International Badminton Federation (IBF) since 1983.
Men's singles
BWF International Challenge/Series
Men's singles
Mixed doubles
BWF International Challenge tournament
BWF International Series tournament
References
External links
Richard Vaughan Badminton Professional Official Site
1978 births
Living people
Welsh male badminton players
Badminton players at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Badminton players at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Olympic badminton players for Great Britain
Commonwealth Games bronze medallists for Wales
People educated at Lewis School, Pengam
Commonwealth Games medallists in badminton
Badminton players at the 2006 Commonwealth Games
Badminton players at the 2002 Commonwealth Games
Badminton players at the 1998 Commonwealth Games
Medallists at the 2002 Commonwealth Games
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard%20Vaughan%20%28badminton%29
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An ice cream bar is a frozen dessert featuring ice cream on a stick. The confection was patented in the US in the 1920s, with one invalidated in 1928.
Description
An ice cream bar is a frozen dessert on a stick. It features ice cream, distinguishing it from an ice pop, which does not contain any ice cream.
History
In the US, the Eskimo Pie chocolate bar was invented in Iowa by a pharmacy owner named Chris Nelson, who was inspired by a boy named Douglas Ressenden who could not decide between candy and ice cream. They were named "I-Scream-Bars" in the original test run. One of the earliest advertisements for Eskimo Pies appeared in the November 3, 1921 issue of the Iowa City Press-Citizen. A patent was awarded in 1922, but invalidated in 1928.
According to the Good Humor ice cream company, confectioner Harry Burt invented ice cream on a stick in 1920, and was granted a patent in 1923. This product also was enrobed in chocolate, and other products were produced.
Gallery
See also
Choc ice
References
Bar
Skewered foods
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice%20cream%20bar
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Dynasty is an American prime time television soap opera that aired on ABC from January 12, 1981, to May 11, 1989. The series, created by Richard and Esther Shapiro and produced by Aaron Spelling, revolves around the Carringtons, a wealthy family residing in Denver, Colorado. Dynasty stars John Forsythe as oil magnate Blake Carrington, Linda Evans as his new wife Krystle, and later Joan Collins as his former wife Alexis.
Dynasty was conceived as ABC's competitor to CBS's prime time series Dallas. Ratings for the show's first season were unimpressive, but a revamp for the second season that included the arrival of Collins as scheming Alexis saw ratings enter the top 20. By the fall of 1982, it was a top 10 show, and by the spring of 1985, it was the #1 show in the United States. The series declined considerably in popularity during its final two seasons, and it was ultimately cancelled in the spring of 1989 after nine seasons and 220 episodes. A two-part miniseries, Dynasty: The Reunion, aired in October 1991.
Season one of Dynasty was delayed by the 1980 Screen Actors Guild strike, season two by the 1981 Writers Guild of America strike, and season nine by the 1988 Writers Guild of America strike.
NOTE: The Production Codes were taken from the United States Copyright Office.
Series overview
Episodes
Season 1 (1981)
Season 2 (1981–82)
Season 3 (1982–83)
Season 4 (1983–84)
Season 5 (1984–85)
Season 6 (1985–86)
The Colbys was spun off Dynasty during season six.
Season 7 (1986–87)
Season two of The Colbys aired concurrently with Dynasty season seven.
Season 8 (1987–88)
Season 9 (1988–89)
The Reunion
Ratings
See also
Carrington family tree
References
External links
Dynasty episodes at UltimateDynasty.net
Dynasty (1981 TV series)
Lists of American drama television series episodes
Lists of soap opera episodes
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Dynasty%20%281981%20TV%20series%29%20episodes
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