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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trayan%20Dyankov | Trayan Kolev Dyankov (; 21 June 1976 – 1 August 2016) was a Bulgarian football defender and manager of Spartak Varna. He was a right or central defender, and began his career in Spartak Varna's youth teams.
Career
Born in Varna, Dyankov started to play football in the local club Spartak Varna. He made his first-team debut on 10 April 1994 in an A PFG match against Slavia Sofia as an 86th-minute substitute.
After that played in Velbazhd Kyustendil and Lokomotiv Plovdiv. During the 2003/04 season he won the top Bulgarian league, the A PFG, with Loko Plovdiv.
In June 2006, Dyankov joined Chernomorets Burgas. With the club he played in the matches of Intertoto Cup 2008 against Slovenian ND Gorica and Swiss Grasshopper Club Zürich. On 15 January 2011, it was announced that Chernomorets had renewed the contract of Dyankov, extending it until 30 June 2012.
Personal life
Dyankov married in 2009. He died at the age of 40 on 1 August 2016 in Varna after suffering a suspected heart attack while exercising.
Honours
PFC Lokomotiv Plovdiv
Champion of Bulgaria: 2004
Bulgarian Supercup: 2004
References
1976 births
2016 deaths
Bulgarian men's footballers
First Professional Football League (Bulgaria) players
FC Spartak Varna players
Velbazhd Kyustendil players
PFC Lokomotiv Plovdiv players
PSFC Chernomorets Burgas players
FC Kaliakra Kavarna players
Men's association football defenders
FC Spartak Varna managers
Bulgarian football managers
FC Dynamo Makhachkala players
Expatriate men' |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homogeneous%20alignment | In liquid crystals homogeneous alignment, sometimes called planar alignment, is the state of alignment where molecules align in parallel to a substrate. The opposite method is homeotropic alignment.
For planar alignment - polyimides can be used. One of the popular ones is PI-2555.
The surface has to be rubbed by paper or by a velvet or similar cloth in order to make the alignment axis parallel to the rubbing. However the exact mechanism if this alignment is not entirely clear.
Liquid crystals |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astellas%20Institute%20for%20Regenerative%20Medicine | Astellas Institute for Regenerative Medicine is a subsidiary of Astellas Pharma located in Marlborough, Massachusetts, US, developing stem cell therapies with a focus on diseases that cause blindness. It was formed in 1994 as a company named Advanced Cell Technology, Incorporated (ACT), which was renamed to Ocata Therapeutics in November 2014. In February 2016 Ocata was acquired by Astellas for $379 million USD.
History
Advanced Cell Technology was formed in 1994 and was led from 2005 to late 2010 by William M. Caldwell IV, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. Upon Mr. Caldwell's death on December 13, 2010, Gary Rabin, a member of ACT's board of directors with experience in investment and capital raising, assumed the role of Chairman and CEO.
In 2007 the company's Chief Scientific Officer (CSO), Michael D. West, PhD, also founder of Geron left Ocata to join a regenerative medicine firm, BioTime as CEO. In 2008, for $250,000 plus royalties up to a total of $1 million, the company licensed its "ACTCellerate" technology to BioTime. Robert Lanza was appointed CSO.
On November 22, 2010, the company announced that it had received approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to initiate the first human clinical trial using embryonic stem cells to treat retinal diseases. A preliminary report of the trial published in 2012, and a follow-up article was published in February 2015.
In July 2014, Ocata announced that Paul K. Wotton, previously of Antares Pharma Inc |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical%20wireless | Optical wireless is the combined use of "optical" (optical fibre) and "wireless" (radio frequency) communication to provide telecommunication to clusters of end points which are geographically distant. The high capacity optical fibre is used to span the longest distances. A lower cost wireless link carries the signal for the last mile to nearby users.
See also
4.5G / 5G
References
Definition: Optical Wireless, SearchMobileComputing website.
Optical communications
Local loop
Fiber to the premises |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleurastrophyceae | The Pleurastrophyceae were a formerly recognized class of green algae, in the division Chlorophyta. It was created by Mattox and Stewart in 1984, containing four genera. More recent classifications tend to split the group. On the one hand, Tetraselmis seems to be a sister to the so-called UTC clade (Chlorophyceae, Trebouxiophyceae, and Ulvophyceae), thus making it part of the (paraphyletic) Prasinophyceae. The other three genera were Pleurastrum, Trebouxia, and Pseudotrebouxia, and most of the species which had been in those genera have been placed in the Trebouxiophyceae. However, Pleurastrum insigne, which had been specified as the type of Pleurastrophyceae, turns out to be part of the Chlorophyceae.
References
External links
Links to scientific references
Links to scientific databases
AlgaTerra database
Index Nominum Genericorum
Green algae classes
Historically recognized algae taxa |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wall-associated%20kinase | Wall-associated kinases (WAKs) are one of many classes of plant proteins known to serve as a medium between the extracellular matrix (ECM) and cytoplasm of cell walls. They are serine-threonine kinases that contain epidermal growth factor (EGF) repeats, a cytoplasmic kinase and are located in the cell walls. They provide a linkage between the inner and outer surroundings of cell walls. WAKs are under a group of receptor-like kinases (RLK) that are actively involved in sensory and signal transduction pathways especially in response to foreign attacks by pathogens and in cell development. On the other hand, pectins are an abundant group of complex carbohydrates present in the primary cell wall that play roles in cell growth and development, protection, plant structure and water holding capacity.
Cell wall associated kinases are receptor-like protein kinases, found in plant cell walls, that have the capability to transmit signals directly by their cytoplasmic kinase domains. They usually link the plasma membrane to the protein and carbohydrate that composed the cell wall. The receptor-like proteins contain a cytoplasmic serine threonine kinase and a less conserved region; bound to the cell wall and contains a series of epidermal growth factor repeats. WAKs are found in various plants and crops like rice, and maize. In plants genome like Arabidopsis, WAKs, are encoded by five highly similar genes clustered in a 30-kb locus, among them WAK1 & WAK2 are highly distributed. They are |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expansin | Expansins are a family of closely related nonenzymatic proteins found in the plant cell wall, with important roles in plant cell growth, fruit softening, abscission, emergence of root hairs, pollen tube invasion of the stigma and style, meristem function, and other developmental processes where cell wall loosening occurs. Expansins were originally discovered as mediators of acid growth, which refers to the widespread characteristic of growing plant cell walls to expand faster at low (acidic) pH than at neutral pH. Expansins are thus linked to auxin action. They are also linked to cell enlargement and cell wall changes induced by other plant hormones such as gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene and brassinosteroids.
A subset of the β-expansins are also the major group-1 allergens of grass pollens.
Families
So far, two large families of expansin genes have been discovered in plants, named alpha-expansins (given the gene symbol EXPA) and beta-expansins (EXPB). Both families of expansins have been identified in a wide range of land plants, from angiosperms and gymnosperms to ferns and mosses. The model plant Arabidopsis thaliana contains around 26 different α-expansin genes and 6 β-expansin genes. A subset of β-expansins has evolved a special role in grass pollen, where they are known as group 1 grass pollen allergens. Plants also have a small set of expansin-like genes (named EXLA and EXLB) whose function has not been established. Some proteins in bacteria and fungi are known to |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information%20criterion | Information criterion may refer to:
Information criterion (statistics), a method to select a model in statistics
Information criteria (information technology), a component of an information technology framework which describes the intent of the objectives |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian%20intelligence%20agencies | Italian intelligence agencies are the intelligence agencies of Italy. Currently, the Italian intelligence agencies are the Agenzia Informazioni e Sicurezza Esterna (AISE), focusing on foreign intelligence, and the Agenzia Informazioni e Sicurezza Interna (AISI), focusing on internal security. They form part of the Department of Information for Security, which in turn is part of the Presidency of the Council of Ministers. The agencies have been reorganized multiple times since the birth of the Italian Republic in 1946 to attempt to increase effectiveness.
History
Military Information Service
The Military Information Service, known in Italian as Servizio Informazioni Militare or SIM, was founded on October 15, 1925. It originated from a military information system structure within the Italian Armed Forces. From February 6, 1927, it was placed under the direct control of the Chief of General Staff. Benito Mussolini is said to have changed the leadership frequently as he did not have complete confidence in the service. The SIM was largely focused on France, Austria and Yugoslavia, and was not involved in quelling anti-fascist opposition during Mussolini's reign, which was handled by the Ministry of the Interior and the OVRA.
By January 1934, the SIM had approximately 40 people in service (in addition to informers) and a budget of around two million lire. When Mario Roatta was put in charge of the agency, the budget was doubled to around four million lira.
1970s reorganizati |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Intel%20CPU%20microarchitectures | The following is a partial list of Intel CPU microarchitectures. The list is incomplete. Additional details can be found in Intel's Tick–tock model and Process–architecture–optimization model.
x86 microarchitectures
16-bit
8086 first x86 processor; initially a temporary substitute for the iAPX 432 to compete with Motorola, Zilog, and National Semiconductor and to top the successful Z80. 8088 version, with an 8-bit bus, used in the original IBM Personal Computer.
186 included a DMA controller, interrupt controller, timers, and chip select logic. A small number of additional instructions. The 80188 was a version with an 8-bit bus.
286 first x86 processor with protected mode including segmentation based virtual memory management. Performance improved by a factor of 3 to 4 over 8086. Included instructions relating to protected mode.
32-bit (IA-32)
i386 first 32-bit x86 processor. Introduced paging on top of segmentation which is the most commonly used memory protection technology in modern operating systems ever since. Many additional powerful and valuable new instructions.
i486 Intel's second generation of 32-bit x86 processors, introduced built-in floating point unit (FPU), 8 KB on-chip L1 cache, and pipelining. Faster per MHz than the 386. Small number of new instructions.
P5 original Pentium microprocessors, first x86 processor with super-scalar architecture and branch prediction.
P6 used in Pentium Pro, Pentium II, Pentium II Xeon, Pentium III, and Pentium III X |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State%20of%20War%20%28video%20game%29 | State of War is a real-time strategy game, developed by Cypron Studios and Cinemax and published by Crystal Interactive in 2001.
Classic versions of State of War and State of War: Warmonger were released in December 2018 on Steam.
Story
This description is told by narrator at the beginning of the game.
After centuries of continuous struggles, war and turmoil; humankind finally came together and founded the United Federation of Seven Continents (UFSC). It was decided that every member of the Federation would provide their armed forces to build a single military unit with the goal to protect the Earth and settle eventual conflicts. Thus it was no longer possible for any individual group to use military force to resolve their personal aim.
Within several years, the Federation created a Global Defense Network, known as "Overmind". Actually, it was a super intelligent mainframe computer - a unique work of hundreds of the most gifted scientists on the planet. It was operated by an intelligent software and consisted of 22 military bases worldwide located far from populated areas ready to act in case of the conflict. Since then, no machinery was ever controlled by man. Only the formal approval to activate "Overmind" had to be given by each UFSC representative.
Global society, however, carried its burdens. People suffering from spiritual emptiness sought refuge in organizations that offered salvation. The most influential among them was the Beho-Sunns. Charismatic leaders of the |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency%20assignment | Frequency assignment is the authorization of use of a particular radio frequency.
In Article 1.18 of the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) Radio Regulations (RR), the process is defined as "Authorization given by a frequency administration for a radio station to use a radio frequency or radio frequency channel under specified conditions".
Daily impact
Every day, users rely on assignment of frequencies for efficient use of such devices as:
cell phone
cordless phone
garage door opener
car key remote control
broadcast television and audio
Standard time broadcast
vehicle-speed radar, air traffic radar, weather radar
mobile radio
Global Positioning System (GPS) navigation
satellite TV broadcast reception; also backend signal dissemination
Microwave oven
Bluetooth
Wi-Fi
Zigbee
RFID devices such as active badges, passports, wireless gasoline token, no-contact credit-cards, and product tags
toll-road payment vehicle transponders
Citizen's band radio and Family Radio Service
Radio control, including Radio-controlled model aircraft and vehicles
wireless microphones and musical instrument links
Frequency assignment is also a special term, used by national frequency administrations. For other terms see table below.
See also
Radio station
Frequency administration
Spectrum management
Frequency coordinator
Broadcast license
Cellular frequencies
Earth observation satellites transmission frequencies
References / sources
International Telecommunication U |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE%20802.11a-1999 | IEEE 802.11a-1999 or 802.11a was an amendment to the IEEE 802.11 wireless local network specifications that defined requirements for an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) communication system. It was originally designed to support wireless communication in the unlicensed national information infrastructure (U-NII) bands (in the 5–6 GHz frequency range) as regulated in the United States by the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 47, Section 15.407.
Originally described as clause 17 of the 1999 specification, it is now defined in clause 18 of the 2012 specification and provides protocols that allow transmission and reception of data at rates of 1.5 to 54Mbit/s. It has seen widespread worldwide implementation, particularly within the corporate workspace. While the original amendment is no longer valid, the term "802.11a" is still used by wireless access point (cards and routers) manufacturers to describe interoperability of their systems at 5.8 GHz, 54 Mbit/s (54 x 106 bits per second).
802.11 is a set of IEEE standards that govern wireless networking transmission methods. They are commonly used today in their 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n, 802.11ac and 802.11ax versions to provide wireless connectivity in the home, office and some commercial establishments.
Description
IEEE802.11a is the first wireless standard to employ packet based OFDM, based on a proposal from Richard van Nee from Lucent Technologies in Nieuwegein. OFDM was adopted as a draft 802.11a |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perna%20viridis | Perna viridis, known as the Asian green mussel, is an economically important mussel, a bivalve belonging to the family Mytilidae. It is harvested for food but is also known to harbor toxins and cause damage to submerged structures such as drainage pipes. It is native in the Asia-Pacific region but has been introduced in the Caribbean, and in the waters around Japan, North America, and South America.
Description
Perna viridis ranges from in length and may occasionally reach . Its shell ends in a downward-pointing beak. The smooth periostracum is dark green, becoming increasingly brownish towards its point of attachment (umbo), where it is lighter. Younger mussels are bright green and that becomes darker as it ages. The shell's interior has a pale-blue sheen.
The mussel has a large mobile foot which it uses to climb vertically should it be covered by sediments. It also produces byssus to help it attach to its substrate.
Perna canaliculus and Perna perna are two similar species, native to the waters of New Zealand and Africa respectively.
Habitat and distribution
The Asian green mussel is found in the coastal waters of the Indo-Pacific region. However the mussels are introduced to other areas as an invasive species via boat hulls and water ballasts.
The mussel inhabits estuarine habitats and is found in densities as high as 35,000 individuals per square meter on any submerged marine object. Although vivid green in appearance, the mussels are shrouded with overgrowth and a |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telequartz | The Telequartz Group of Mining Companies, founded by João Cosac in 1926, is Brazil's largest, longest-established and best-qualified miner, processor and exporter of rock crystals. Working also with other minerals, the group is the largest exporter of quartz in the world nowadays. Brazil is estimated to have 53 Mmt of reserves representing 95% of the known world supply.
The company
Known as the most qualified mining group for its operational structure, with the largest rock crystals stocks of the world, and experience in processing and exporting this mineral, Telequartz is the world leader in quartz market, exporting tons to Americas, Europe and Asia. Having capitalist giants, like Samsung, Swarovski and Concord, among their clients, the group operates its own mines located in quartz-rich areas of Bahia, Minas Gerais and Goiás states. Silica Sand Mining Company, also part of the group, have an agreement with Companhia Vale do Rio Doce for producing 10.000 tons of ferrosilica by year.
Entering the industrial sector
In 1975, Telequartz Group, financed X-tal do Brasil factory producing oscillators and high quality optic fiber made by their own artificial quartz produced in laboratory.
In 1988, Telequartz reached a joint venture with CVRD and Nisso Iwai Ltd. to build a U$20 million quartz powder plant in Minas Gerais, Brazil. The powder is an important constituent in the production of optic fibers, crucibles, oscillators, solar cells, wafers and integrated circuit packing |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frances%20Kamm | Frances Myrna Kamm () is an American philosopher specializing in normative and applied ethics. Kamm is currently the Henry Rutgers University Professor of Philosophy and Distinguished Professor of Philosophy at Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey. She is also the Littauer Professor of Philosophy and Public Policy Emerita at Harvard University's John F. Kennedy School of Government, as well as Professor Emerita in the Department of Philosophy at New York University.
Biography
Kamm studied at Barnard College, receiving her B.A. in 1969. She completed her doctorate in 1980 at the MIT Department of Linguistics and Philosophy, where she was supervised by Barbara Herman. She was on the faculty of New York University during the 1980s to 1990s and received a professorship at Harvard in 2003, prior to her move to Rutgers.
Known for her use, and defence, of philosophical thought experiments and moral intuitions, Frances Kamm is a major figure in contemporary non-consequentialist ethics. Kamm's work spans across many issues in bioethics, normative ethics, and the philosophy of death, including: the moral justification of abortion, the ethics of war, physician-assisted suicide, the trolley problem and the doctrine of the double effect.
Kamm has worked as an ethics consultant for the World Health Organization. She is a fellow of the Hastings Center, an independent bioethics research institution in Garrison, New York. She held ACLS, AAUW, and Guggenheim fellowships, and ha |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbiology%20%28journal%29 | Microbiology is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal that covers research in all aspects of microbiology, including biochemistry, cell biology, molecular biology, developmental biology, physiology, pathogenicity, biodiversity, biotechnology, evolution, and genetics of microorganisms and their viruses. It also covers plant-microbe interactions and environmental and theoretical microbiology. The journal is published monthly by the Microbiology Society. It was established in January 1947 as the Journal of General Microbiology and obtained its current name in 1994. Since 2020, the editor-in-chief is Gavin H. Thomas (University of York), who took over from Tanya Parish (Seattle Children's), who served since 2015. The microbiologist and science writer Sir John Postgate FRS was editor from 1969 to 1974.
Abstracting and indexing
The journal is abstracted and indexed in:
BIOSIS Previews
Current Contents/Life Sciences
Science Citation Index
Scopus
According to the Retrieved 2023-07-13, the journal has an impact factor of 2.8 (2-year Journal Impact Factor).
References
External links
Microbiology journals
Delayed open access journals
Academic journals established in 1947
Monthly journals
English-language journals
Microbiology Society academic journals |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piers%20Bohl | Piers Bohl (23 October 1865 – 25 December 1921) was a Latvian mathematician, who worked in differential equations, topology and quasi-periodic functions.
He was born in 1865 in Walk, Livonia, in the family of a poor Baltic German merchant. In 1884, after graduating from a German school in Viljandi, he entered the faculty of physics and mathematics at the University of Tartu. In 1893 Bohl was awarded his Master's degree. This was for an investigation of quasi-periodic functions. The notion of quasi-periodic functions was generalised still further by Harald Bohr when he introduced almost-periodic functions. He has been the first to prove the three-dimensional case of the Brouwer fixed-point theorem, but his work was not noticed at the time.
References
External links
Bohl biography at www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk
http://www.mathematics.lv/lms_10_years_after.pdf
1865 births
1921 deaths
People from Valka
People from Kreis Walk
Baltic-German people
Latvian mathematicians
University of Tartu alumni
Academic staff of Riga Technical University
Mathematicians from the Russian Empire |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Japanese%20Wife | The Japanese Wife is a 2010 Indian romantic drama film directed by Bengali filmmaker Aparna Sen. It stars Rahul Bose, Raima Sen and Moushumi Chatterjee, and Japanese actress Chigusa Takaku in the title role. It is in English, Bengali and Japanese.
The film was originally scheduled for release in October 2008, but the release was delayed until 9 April 2010.
The story revolves around a young Bengali village school teacher (Rahul Bose) marrying his Japanese pen friend (Chigusa Takaku) over letters and remaining true and loyal to her throughout his life, while actually never meeting her.
Plot
Snehamoy Chatterjee (Rahul Bose) and Miyage (Chigusa Takaku) are pen pal friends who develop a deep and emotional relationship. Eventually, the pair exchange wedding vows through letters. Seventeen years pass but they never meet, yet the bond of marriage is strong between them. This unusual relationship is tested when a young widow, Sandhya (Raima Sen), comes to stay with Snehmoy along with her eight-year-old son Poltu. Snehmoy and the little boy bond and the arithmetic teacher discovers the joy of palpable bonds and fatherhood. He also develops an inexplicable thread of understanding with Sandhya too.
Despite this Snehmoy remains loyal to his unseen Japanese wife. When Miyage is diagnosed with cancer and falls ill, Snehmoy takes a long leave of absence from his school and tries to find a cure for her illness. Snehmoy sets out one day during a storm to talk to the closest oncologist in Ca |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disodium%20octaborate | Disodium octaborate is a borate of sodium, a chemical compound of sodium, boron, and oxygen — a salt with elemental formula or , also written as . It is a colorless crystalline solid, soluble in water.
Disodium octaborate is traded either as a liquid concentrate, or as the tetrahydrate , a white odorless powder. It is used as an insecticide, and as a fungicide and algicide, and as a fire retardant., and as a boron micronutrient additive in fertilizers. Trade names include Bora-Care, Borathor, Termite Prufe, Board Defense, Polybor, Tim-bor, and Can-Bor.
Preparation
The anhydrous form can be crystallized from a molten mixture of sodium oxide and boric oxide .
Properties
Solubility
The salt dissolves in water to form forms viscous supersaturated solutions at elevated temperatures. Solubility of the tetrahydrate is 21.9% (wt) at .
Structure
The anhydrous salt exists in two stable crystalline forms, α and β.
The α form has monoclinic crystal structure, with the P21/a space group. The unit cell parameters at 273 K are: a = 650.7 pm, b = 1779 pm, c = 837.7 pm, β = 96.6 °, Z = 4. The structure contains two interlocking boron-oxygen frameworks, each of them consisting of alternating single and double rings composed of two triangles and a tetrahedron, the so called triborate and pentaborate groups. The two frameworks are connected by two (non-equivalent) sodium atoms, each surrounded by 8 oxygens, comprising finite chains of four polyhedra with shared edges. The thermal expans |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peppermint%20Crisp | Peppermint Crisp is a milk chocolate bar filled with a multitude of thin cylinders of mint-flavoured 'cracknel' (which is a brittle crystalline/sugar concoction extruded in fine hollow tubes). Invented in South Africa by Wilson-Rowntree in the 1960s, it was eventually bought out and manufactured by Nestlé South Africa. A hugely popular chocolate bar in South Africa for many decades, it is now part of that country's culture - not only as a confectionery item, but also as a popular topping used in baking and desserts.
The Peppermint Crisp is sold in South Africa as both a 49 gram bar and a 150 gram slab. In New Zealand it is sold as a 49 gram bar, and in Australia as a 35 gram bar.
In South Africa, it forms the basis of the Caramel-Peppermint Crisp Tart, a hugely popular South African ice box dessert. It is also popular as a topping on sponge cakes and cupcakes. Nestlé South Africa also sells an ice cream containing Peppermint Crisp shards, as well as a Peppermint Crisp dessert topping. Burger King South Africa sells a fusion dessert containing vanilla ice cream and shards of Peppermint Crisp while Krispy Kreme South Africa sells a popular Peppermint Crisp Tart gourmet doughnut.
As in its native South Africa, the popular chocolate bar is also used as a crushed topping on pavlova cakes or other cakes in Australia and New Zealand.
Uses in cooking
The Peppermint Crisp can be used as an ingredient in mint chocolate cheesecakes and slices, and broken-up to decorate the top of |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRINTS | In molecular biology, the PRINTS database is a collection of so-called "fingerprints": it provides both a detailed annotation resource for protein families, and a diagnostic tool for newly determined sequences. A fingerprint is a group of conserved motifs taken from a multiple sequence alignment - together, the motifs form a characteristic signature for the aligned protein family. The motifs themselves are not necessarily contiguous in sequence, but may come together in 3D space to define molecular binding sites or interaction surfaces. The particular diagnostic strength of fingerprints lies in their ability to distinguish sequence differences at the clan, superfamily, family and subfamily levels. This allows fine-grained functional diagnoses of uncharacterised sequences, allowing, for example, discrimination between family members on the basis of the ligands they bind or the proteins with which they interact, and highlighting potential oligomerisation or allosteric sites.
PRINTS is a founding partner of the integrated resource, InterPro, a widely used database of protein families, domains and functional sites.
References
External links
PRINTS Database (University of Manchester Bioinformatics Education and Research)
Biological databases
Department of Computer Science, University of Manchester |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microcyte | A microcyte is an abnormally sized red blood cell. By definition it is 5 micrometers or smaller in diameter. It is often associated with several forms of anemia.
References
Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary, 26th edn. Philadelphia, etc.: W.B. Saunders Co., 1985.
Stedman's Medical Dictionary, 27th edn. Philadelphia, etc.: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2000.
Blood cells |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubuntu%20Titling | Ubuntu Titling or Ubuntu-Title is a rounded geometric sans-serif font. It was created by Andy Fitzsimon for use with the Ubuntu operating system and its derivatives. It is distributed under the GNU Lesser General Public License. Prior to the 10.04 release, the typeface was notably used in branding for the Ubuntu operating system and its related projects. Fitzsimon's design was created without any upper-case letters. A later release by Christian Robertson (who later created Roboto) added capitals and was released by Robertson at the "release candidate" stage. This was called Ubuntu Titling.
Ubuntu Titling was ultimately replaced for branding use with a variant from the Ubuntu Font Family.
References
External links
Homepage with the font of Andy Fitzsimon (doesn't have capital letters)
Version by Christian Robertson containing capital letters
Open-source typefaces
Ubuntu
Typefaces and fonts introduced in 2004
Geometric sans-serif typefaces |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burst%20dimming | Burst dimming is a method to control dimming of cold cathode fluorescent lamps (CCFLs) and LEDs by using pulse width modulation (PWM) at approximately 100-300 Hz which is supposed to be above the noticeable flicker limit for the human eye.
This technique is sometimes used with TFT displays to control backlighting. An alternative dimming method is to control lamp current.
References
Display technology
Lighting
Liquid crystal displays |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edna%20Iturralde | Edna Iturralde (born 1948) is an Ecuadorian author who has won multiple national and international awards. She is considered the most important figure in children and young adult's literature of her country and, with fifty-seven books published, some of them in Colombia, Mexico, Peru, and Spain, this author has attained significant international recognition. She is a 2014 International Latino Book Awards Finalist. Edna has six children and nine grandchildren. She lives in Quito, Ecuador in the Valley of Tumbaco with her husband and four dogs, who keep her company while she writes. She visits school children who read her books often.
Biography
Impact
Edna Iturralde has positioned her as one of Latin America's most skilled, prolific and versatile authors of children's and young adult literature, with 59 books over a career that spans 35 years. Her collection of short stories Green Was My Forest was selected as one of the ten best children's books written in Latin America during the 20th Century. Edna's influence has expanded beyond Ecuador. In the United States four of her books were chosen to be part of the Common Core kits in the schools in Los Angeles, California and Houston Texas. The Texas Library Association selected two of her bi-lingual books for its 2016-17 list of ten recommended bi-lingual books. Two of her books are part of the Require Summer Reading Books recommended by Scholastic Books. Three of her books have won the Skipping Stones International Book Prize and |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency%20coordination | Frequency Coordination is a technical and regulatory process that removes or mitigates radio-frequency interference between different radio systems that operate on the same frequency.
Normally frequency coordination is a function of an administration, such as a governmental spectrum regulator, as part of a formal regulatory process under the procedures of the Radio Regulations (an intergovernmental treaty text that regulates the radio frequency spectrum).
Before an administrations lets an operator operate a new radio communications network, it must undergo coordination in the following steps:
Inform other operators about the plans
Receive comments if appropriate
Conduct technical discussions with priority networks
Agree on technical and operational parameters
Gain international recognition and protection on the Master International Frequency Register
Bring the network into use
This coordination ensures that:
All administrations know the technical plans of other administrations.
All operators (satellite and terrestrial) can determine if unacceptable interference to existing and planned “priority” networks is likely, and have an opportunity to:
Object
Discuss and review
Reach technical and operational sharing agreements
Coordination is thus closely bound to date of protection or priority, defined by the date when the International Telecommunication Union receives complete coordination data. New planned networks must coordinate with all networks with an ear |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investment%20center | An investment center is a classification used for business units within an enterprise.
The essential element of an investment center is that it is treated as a unit which is measured against its use of capital, as opposed to a cost or profit center, which are measured against raw costs or profits.
The Investment Center takes care of Revenues, Cost and Assets, while a Profit Center deals with revenues and costs and Cost Centers with costs only. This is a clear sign of how the span of control and span of accountability grow from Cost Centers to Investment ones.
The advantage of this form of measurement is that it tends to be more encompassing, since it accounts for all uses of capital. It is susceptible to manipulation by managers with a short term focus, or by manipulating the hurdle rate used to evaluate divisions.
References
See also
Cost center
Profit center
Management accounting
pt:Centro de responsabilidade#Centro de investimento |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acrylic%20trophy | An acrylic trophy is an alternative to the traditional glass, or crystal trophy. Acrylic glass can be molded into a variety of forms, and corporations will often create custom promotional items shaped like their products. They are manufactured by pouring acrylic casting resin into a mold. Embedments are acrylic trophies that have an item embedded into the resin. Many materials can be placed in an embedment – paper, metal, acetate sheets, etc. This creates the effect of an item floating within the acrylic statue.
These trophies are commonly made from Lucite, a branded form of acrylic developed by DuPont. One of the earliest uses of Lucite was in windshields for fighter planes during World War II. Following the war, DuPont promoted various consumer applications of Lucite, including its use in lamps, beer taps, hairbrushes, and jewelry. By virtue of its versatility, Lucite opened up a range of possible design options for deal toys and trophies, often resulting in keen competition among investment banks for the most creative and sophisticated pieces.
Acrylic trophies can be manufactured in a variety of shapes, colors and sizes. The most common styles are clear rectangular “Billboards”, star shapes, circles, and pyramids. These are often engraved with corporate logos and personalized with the name of the recipient. They are also used in awards ceremonies for many organizations.
Deal toys are acrylic trophies used in the financial industry in recognition of sales achievements. D |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standing%20crop | A standing crop is the total biomass of the living organisms present in a given environment. This includes both natural ecosystems and agriculture.
See also
Net Primary Production
Standing State
Bibliography
Boudouresque CF (1973) Les peuplements sciaphiles ; Recherches de bionomie analytique, structurale et expérimentale sur les peuplements benthiques sciaphiles de Méditerranée occidentale (fraction algale). Bulletin du Muséum d'histoire naturelle, 33, 147, PDF, 80 pages.
Campbell, Reece, Urry, Cain, et al. (2011) 9th ed. Biology. Benjamin Cummings. pg 1221
Fausch, K. D., Hawkes, C. L., & Parsons, M. G. (1988). Models that predict standing crop of stream fish from habitat variables: 1950-85 (http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/8730 résumé]).
Jenkins, R. M. (1968). The influence of some environmental factors on standing crop and harvest of fishes in US reservoirs.
References
External links
Models that predict standing crop of stream fish from habitat variables: 1950-85
Habitats
Ecosystems
Ecological metrics |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XEUBS-AM | XEUBS is a Mexican radio station that serves La Paz, Baja California Sur. It is owned by the Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur.
1180 AM is a United States clear-channel frequency, on which WHAM in Rochester, New York is the dominant Class A station.
External links
Radio UABCS Facebook
Radio Locator information on XEUBS
References
Spanish-language radio stations
Radio stations in La Paz, Baja California Sur
University radio stations in Mexico
Radio stations established in 1994
Daytime-only radio stations in Mexico |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XHPAL-FM | XHPAL-FM is a radio station in La Paz, Baja California Sur, broadcasting on the frequency of 95.9 MHz.
References
Spanish-language radio stations
Radio stations in La Paz, Baja California Sur |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toby%20Mao | Tobias "Toby" Mao (born December 21, 1988) is a former world-class Rubik's Cube solver. Hailing from Hillsborough, California, Toby graduated from Crystal Springs Uplands School in 2007 and went on to study mathematics at Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois. He is the younger brother of Beauty and the Geek second-season participant Tyson Mao, with whom he taught Will Smith to solve a Rubik's Cube for the 2006 film The Pursuit of Happyness. In 2006, Toby set the world record in speedcubing by solving the 3x3x3 cube in 10.48 seconds.
References
External links
Cube conqueror: Freshman Toby Mao's special talent - North by Northwestern
Photo of Toby and Tyson Mao
YouTube - Rubik's Cube Former World Record
1988 births
American people of Taiwanese descent
Living people
American people of Chinese descent
People from Hillsborough, California |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20endorheic%20basins | The following is a list of endorheic basins, watersheds which do not drain to the sea.
Africa
Chott Melrhir (Algeria)
Chott Ech Chergui (Algeria)
Chott el Hodna (Algeria)
Tidikelt Depression (Algeria)
Sebkha Azzel Matti
Sebhka Mekerrhane
Tunisian salt lakes (Tunisia)
Chott el Djerid
Chott el Gharsa
Qattara Depression (Egypt)
Siwa Depression (Egypt)
Lake Chad Basin (Cameroon, Chad, Niger, Nigeria)
Western Equatorial Crater Lakes (Cameroon)
Lake Barombi Koto
Lake Barombi Mbo
Lake Bermin
Lake Benakouma
Lake Dissoni/Soden
Lake Mboandong
Makgadikgadi Pans (Botswana)
Northern Eastern Rift (Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia)
Afar Depression (Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia)
Ethiopian Rift Valley lakes (Ethiopia)
Lake Chew Bahir, Ethiopia, Kenya
Chalbi Desert, Kenya, Ethiopia
Lake Logipi-Suguta Valley (Kenya)
Lake Turkana Basin (Ethiopia, Kenya)
Southern Eastern Rift (Kenya, Tanzania)
Lake Baringo (Kenya)
Lake Bogoria (Kenya)
Lake Nakuru (Kenya)
Lake Elmenteita (Kenya)
Lake Naivasha (Kenya)
Lake Magadi (Kenya)
Lake Natron (Tanzania)
Lake Eyasi (Tanzania)
Lake Barangida (Tanzania)
Lake Singida (Tanzania)
Lake Sulunga (Tanzania)
Lake Rukwa (Tanzania)
Lake Chilwa (Malawi)
Lake Chiuta (Malawi, Mozambique)
Etosha Basin (Angola, Namibia)
Okavango Basin (Angola, Botswana, Namibia, Zimbabwe)
Antarctica
Lake Vanda
Lake Vida
Australia
Lake Eyre Basin (Queensland, New South Wales, Northern Territory, South Australia), which drains into the highly variabl |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil%20biodiversity | Soil biodiversity refers to the relationship of soil to biodiversity and to aspects of the soil that can be managed in relative to biodiversity. Soil biodiversity relates to some catchment management considerations.
Biodiversity
According to the Australian Department of the Environment and Water Resources, biodiversity is "the variety of life: the different plants, animals and micro-organisms, their genes and the ecosystems of which they are a part." Biodiversity and soil are strongly linked, because soil is the medium for a large variety of organisms, and interacts closely with the wider biosphere. Conversely, biological activity is a primary factor in the physical and chemical formation of soils.
Soil provides a vital habitat, primarily for microbes (including bacteria and fungi), but also for microfauna (such as protozoa and nematodes), mesofauna (such as microarthropods and enchytraeids), and macrofauna (such as earthworms, termites, and millipedes). The primary role of soil biota is to recycle organic matter that is derived from the "above-ground plant-based food web".
Soil is in close cooperation with the wider biosphere. The maintenance of fertile soil is "one of the most vital ecological services the living world performs", and the "mineral and organic contents of soil must be replenished constantly as plants consume soil elements and pass them up the food chain".
The correlation of soil and biodiversity can be observed spatially. For example, both natural and agr |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirikov%20criterion | The Chirikov criterion or Chirikov resonance-overlap criterion
was established by the Russian physicist Boris Chirikov.
Back in 1959, he published a seminal article,
where he introduced the very first physical criterion for the onset of chaotic motion in
deterministic Hamiltonian systems. He then applied such a criterion to explain
puzzling experimental results on plasma confinement in magnetic bottles
obtained by Rodionov at the Kurchatov Institute.
Description
According to this criterion a deterministic trajectory will begin to move
between two nonlinear resonances in a chaotic and unpredictable manner,
in the parameter range
Here is the perturbation parameter,
while
is the resonance-overlap parameter, given by the ratio of the
unperturbed resonance width in frequency
(often computed in the pendulum
approximation and proportional to the square-root of perturbation),
and the frequency difference
between two unperturbed resonances. Since its introduction, the Chirikov criterion has become an important analytical tool for the determination of the chaos border.
See also
Chirikov criterion at Scholarpedia
Chirikov standard map and standard map
Boris Chirikov and Boris Chirikov at Scholarpedia
References
B.V.Chirikov, "Research concerning the theory of nonlinear resonance and stochasticity", Preprint N 267, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk (1969), (Engl. Trans., CERN Trans. 71-40 (1971))
B.V.Chirikov, "A universal instability of many-dimensional oscillat |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordon%20Arthur%20Riley | Gordon Arthur Riley (1 June 1911 – 7 October 1985) was an American biological oceanographer most associated with his studies of the dynamics of plankton ecosystems.
Early life and education
Born in Webb City, Missouri on June 1, 1911, Riley was educated within the state at Drury College and Washington University in St. Louis, graduating with a MS in embryology. He moved to Yale University in 1934, intending to work with the anatomist Ross Harrison, but instead became interested in limnology. Working with the ecologist G. Evelyn Hutchinson, he completed his doctoral thesis on the copper cycle of lakes in Connecticut. Subsequently, he continued to be interested in the productivity of lakes, but gradually expanded his studies to encompass salt water, ultimately moving into biological oceanography.
Career
Riley's oceanographic work focused on the influences affecting the population ecology of plankton systems in coastal and open ocean waters. His early work correlated phytoplankton production with regulating factors such as nutrients, light and zooplankton abundance. From this empirical base he went on to develop ecosystem models that explained the annual cycle of plankton ecosystems, most notably in his analysis of the Georges Bank region. His final publication concerned patchiness in plankton, the potential role of diel vertical migration in this, and reflected on what this implied for plankton modelling studies, including his own 1946 study.
After an extended period at |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam%20Kr%C3%B3likiewicz | Adam Łukasz Królikiewicz (9 December 1894 – 4 May 1966) was a Polish horse rider, major of Polish Army, who competed in the 1924 Summer Olympics. He was born in Lviv. He died in Konstancin-Jeziorna. He was a member of Polish Legions and fought in World War I.
In 1924 he and his horse Picador won the bronze medal in the individual jumping competition. As part of the Polish jumping team they finishing sixth in the team jumping competition.
In 1966 he died in an accident, when he fell from a horse during the filming of Andrzej Wajda's film Popioły.
Honours and awards
Silver Cross of the Order of Virtuti Militari
Cross of Independence
Silver Cross of Merit - twice
References
External links
1894 births
1966 deaths
Sportspeople from Lviv
Polish Austro-Hungarians
Sportspeople from the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria
Polish male equestrians
Show jumping riders
Olympic equestrians for Poland
Equestrians at the 1924 Summer Olympics
Olympic bronze medalists for Poland
Polish legionnaires (World War I)
Polish people of World War I
Recipients of the Silver Cross of the Virtuti Militari
Recipients of the Silver Cross of Merit (Poland)
Recipients of the Cross of Independence
Olympic medalists in equestrian
Deaths by horse-riding accident
Medalists at the 1924 Summer Olympics
Polish Army officers |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Load%20pull | Load-pull is the colloquial term applied to the process of systematically varying the impedance presented to a device under test (DUT), most often a transistor, to assess its performance and the associated conditions to deliver that performance in a network. While load-pull itself implies impedance variation at the load port, impedance can also be varied at any of the ports of the DUT, most often at the source.
Load-pull is required when superposition is no longer applicable, which occurs under large-signal operating conditions that make linear approximations unusable. The term load-pull derives from classical oscillator characterization whereupon variation of the load impedance pulls the oscillation center frequency away from nominal. Source-pull is also used for noise characterization, which, although linear, requires multiple impedances to be presented at the source to enable simultaneous solution of an over-determined system that yields the four noise parameters.
Load-pull is the most common method globally for RF and MW power amplifier (PA) design, transistor characterization, semiconductor process development, and ruggedness analysis. A central theme of load-pull is management of nonlinearity versus analysis of nonlinearity, the latter being the domain of advanced mathematics that often yields little physical insight to nonlinear phenomena and suffers from an inability to accurately render actual behavior embedded in a network with significant parasitic and distribute |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barber%E2%80%93Johnson%20diagram | A Barber–Johnson diagram is a method of presenting hospital statistics combining four different variables in a unique graph, introduced in 1973. The method constructs a scattergram where length of stay, turnover interval, discharges, and deaths per available bed are combined. These four variables have a common relationship between them and their combination in the diagram permitted a new improved way for analyzing efficiency and performance of the hospital sector. The most complete reference about how to construct the diagram could be found in Yates. In this book, the appendix explains in detail the way for elaborating this kind of diagram.
References
External links
https://web.archive.org/web/20060908085540/http://www.publichealth.pitt.edu/supercourse/SupercoursePPT/7011-8001/7891.ppt
Statistical charts and diagrams
Medical statistics |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/God%27s%20Equation | God's Equation is the fourth album by the Norwegian progressive metal band Pagan's Mind. It was released on 9 November 2007 in Europe and on 15 January 2008 in the US.
The 2-disc limited edition version of the album contains a poster, including six bonus tracks, a video clip and wallpapers in a paperboard slipcase.
Track listing
Credits
Band members
Nils K. Rue − Vocals
Jørn Viggo Lofstad − Guitars
Steinar Krokmo − Bass
Stian Kristoffersen − Drums
Ronny Tegner − Keyboards
Other
"God's Equation" was mixed by Stefan Glaumann (of Rammstein) in Toytown Studios, Sweden.
References
2007 albums
Pagan's Mind albums
Limb Music albums |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marvin%20Simon | Marvin Kenneth Simon (1939 – September 23, 2007) was a telecommunication engineer who worked extensively for 35 years in the area of modulation, coding, and synchronization for space, satellite, radio, and military communications and also performance evaluation of wireless telecommunication systems over fading channels.
Simon got his PhD from New York University in 1966, and worked at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory for the past few decades of his life. The fruits of his research have been successfully applied to the design of many of NASA's deep space and near-earth missions for which he has been earned 11 patents, 25 NASA Tech Briefs, 4 Space Act awards, and over 200 technical papers. He died of brain cancer in September 2007.
He was a Fellow of the IEEE, Fellow of the Iowa Academy of Education (IAE), and winner of the NASA Exceptional Service Medal and the NASA Exceptional Engineering Achievement Medal both in recognition of outstanding contributions in analysis and design of space communications systems. In addition, he is listed in Marquis Who's Who in America and other similar compilations.
In 1997 he was the recipient of the IEEE Edwin H. Armstrong Achievement Award for seminal contributions spanning three decades in the design and analysis of novel coherent digital communication systems, including synchronization and tracking, differential modulation and signal design, spread spectrum techniques, and trellis-coded modulation for fading channels. Most recently he was |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United%20Nations%20Security%20Council%20Resolution%20203 | United Nations Security Council Resolution 203, adopted on May 14, 1965, in the face of growing instability, a developing civil war and the probability of foreign intervention in the Dominican Republic, the Council called for a strict cease-fire and invited the Secretary-General to send a representative to the Dominican Republic to report to the Council on the present situation.
The resolution was passed unanimously.
See also
Dominican Civil War
List of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 201 to 300 (1965–1971)
Operation Power Pack
References
Text of the Resolution at undocs.org
External links
0203
1965 in the Dominican Republic
0203
May 1965 events |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Runge%E2%80%93Kutta%20methods | Runge–Kutta methods are methods for the numerical solution of the ordinary differential equation
Explicit Runge–Kutta methods take the form
Stages for implicit methods of s stages take the more general form, with the solution to be found over all s
Each method listed on this page is defined by its Butcher tableau, which puts the coefficients of the method in a table as follows:
For adaptive and implicit methods, the Butcher tableau is extended to give values of , and the estimated error is then
.
Explicit methods
The explicit methods are those where the matrix is lower triangular.
Forward Euler
The Euler method is first order. The lack of stability and accuracy limits its popularity mainly to use as a simple introductory example of a numeric solution method.
Explicit midpoint method
The (explicit) midpoint method is a second-order method with two stages (see also the implicit midpoint method below):
Heun's method
Heun's method is a second-order method with two stages. It is also known as the explicit trapezoid rule, improved Euler's method, or modified Euler's method. (Note: The "eu" is pronounced the same way as in "Euler", so "Heun" rhymes with "coin"):
Ralston's method
Ralston's method is a second-order method with two stages and a minimum local error bound:
Generic second-order method
Kutta's third-order method
Generic third-order method
See Sanderse and Veldman (2019).
for α ≠ 0, , 1:
Heun's third-order method
Van der Houwen's/Wray third-order meth |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strong%20focusing | In accelerator physics strong focusing or alternating-gradient focusing is the principle that, using sets of multiple electromagnets, it is possible to make a particle beam simultaneously converge in both directions perpendicular to the direction of travel. By contrast, weak focusing is the principle that nearby circles, described by charged particles moving in a uniform magnetic field, only intersect once per revolution.
Earnshaw's theorem shows that simultaneous focusing in two directions transverse to the beam axis at once by a single magnet is impossible - a magnet which focuses in one direction will defocus in the perpendicular direction. However, iron "poles" of a cyclotron or two or more spaced quadrupole magnets (arranged in quadrature) can alternately focus horizontally and vertically, and the net overall effect of a combination of these can be adjusted to focus the beam in both directions.
Strong focusing was first conceived by Nicholas Christofilos in 1949 but not published (Christofilos opted instead to patent his idea), In 1952, the strong focusing principle was independently developed by Ernest Courant, M. Stanley Livingston, Hartland Snyder and J. Blewett at Brookhaven National Laboratory, who later acknowledged the priority of Christofilos' idea. The advantages of strong focusing were then quickly realised, and deployed on the Alternating Gradient Synchrotron.
Courant and Snyder found that the net effect of alternating the field gradient was that both the |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medetomidine | Medetomidine is a synthetic drug used as both a surgical anesthetic and analgesic. It is often used as the hydrochloride salt, medetomidine hydrochloride, a crystalline white solid. It is an α2 adrenergic agonist that can be administered as an intravenous drug solution with sterile water.
It was developed by Orion Pharma. It is approved for dogs in the United States, and distributed in the United States by Pfizer Animal Health and by Novartis Animal Health in Canada under the product name Domitor. Other alpha-two agonists used in veterinary medicine include xylazine and detomidine, but their use is less common in small animal surgery. The marketed product is a racemic mixture of two stereoisomers; dexmedetomidine is the isomer with more useful effects, and is now marketed as Dexdomitor. The free base form of medetomidine is sold as Selektope for use as an antifouling substance in marine paints.
Veterinary use
In veterinary anesthesia, medetomidine is often used in combinations with opioids (butorphanol, buprenorphine etc.) as premedication (before a general anesthetic) in healthy cats and dogs. It can be given by intramuscular injection (IM), subcutaneous injection (SC) or intravenous injection (IV). When delivered intravenously, a significantly decreased dose is used. Some authors suggest a sublingual route is also effective. It is not recommended for diabetics, it is contraindicated in patients with cardiac disease.
Due to its potent sedative effects it is common |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schumpeterian%20rent | Schumpeterian rents are earned by innovators and occur during the period of time between the introduction of an innovation and its successful diffusion. It is expected that successful innovations, in time, will be imitated, but until that occurs, the innovator will earn Schumpeterian rents. They were named after economist Joseph Schumpeter, who saw profits made by businesses as resulting from the development of new processes which disturb economic equilibrium, temporarily raising revenues above their resource costs. This type of profit is also called entrepreneurial rent.
Schumpeterian rent is seen as a form of economic rent, although Schumpeterian rent may be seen as an incentive towards greater economic efficiency.
Karl Marx
In Marxian economics, the equivalent to Schumpeterian rent is the extra surplus value that is extracted from the laborer during the rise of local productivity, meaning the development of the productive forces through innovation owned by the respective capitalist, while all other enterprises are left with yet undeveloped productive forces. The result is the rise of the local rate of profit, as the respective commodity is now produced cheaper by this enterprise alone, yet can still be sold for its general market price. In Marxian theory, the earning of extra surplus value is what drives and guides the capitalist, and thus capitalism itself.
The value of the entrepreneurial rent and compensation for entrepreneurship
Magnus Henrekson, professor of eco |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prover9 | Prover9 is an automated theorem prover for first-order and equational logic developed by William McCune.
Description
Prover9 is the successor of the Otter theorem prover also developed by William McCune. Prover9 is noted for producing relatively readable proofs and having a powerful hints strategy.
Prover9 is intentionally paired with Mace4, which searches for finite models and counterexamples. Both can be run simultaneously from the same input, with Prover9 attempting to find a proof, while Mace4 attempts to find a (disproving) counter-example. Prover9, Mace4, and many other tools are built on an underlying library named LADR ("Library for Automated Deduction Research") to simplify implementation. Resulting proofs can be double-checked by Ivy, a proof-checking tool that has been separately verified using ACL2.
In July 2006 the LADR/Prover9/Mace4 input language made a major change (which also differentiates it from Otter). The key distinction between "clauses" and "formulas" completely disappeared; "formulas" can now have free variables; and "clauses" are now a subset of "formulas". Prover9/Mace4 also supports a "goal" type of formula, which is automatically negated for proof. Prover9 attempts to automatically generate a proof by default; in contrast, Otter's automatic mode must be explicitly set.
Prover9 was under active development, with new releases every month or every other month, until 2009. Prover9 is free software, and therefore, open source software; it is |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleurococcus | Pleurococcus is a genus of green algae in the family Chaetophoraceae that are spherical in shape with a thick cell wall to protect themselves against excessive water loss.
They can be found alone or in bunches together forming a slimy layer and grow on moist, dark patches of trees, rocks and soil.
Species
The genus consists of the following species:
Pleurococcus angulosus
Pleurococcus magnum
Pleurococcus mucosus
Pleurococcus rufescens
Pleurococcus vulgaris
References
External links
Chaetophorales genera
Chaetophoraceae |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reclinomonas | Reclinomonas is a monotypic genus of jakobid eukaryotes containing the single species Reclinomonas americana.
This organism is a single cell up to 12 micrometers wide. It has two flagella. The cell is in a cup-like lorica which has a stem that attaches to a surface. When the cell reproduces, by undergoing binary fission, one of the two newly split cells produces a new lorica for itself.
This protozoan can be found in freshwater.
This species was the first jakobid to have its mitochondrial genome sequenced. It contains 97 genes, 62 of them code for proteins. Other jakobids have been sequenced since, and the data were similar. It has been described as a member of the Excavata.
R. Americana is a large protozoan that ingests bacteria. Such phagocytosis is thought to be how ancestral (two billion years ago) eucaryotes (true nucleus to hold DNA) acquired mitochondrial and chloroplast organelles to perform oxidative metabolism and photosynthesis. R. Americana has played a significant role in understanding the scope of antiquity of what bacterial DNA was captured because its mitochondrial DNA collection is more complete than that of other eukaryotes, which have discarded many and various genes.
References
Jakobids
Excavata genera
Monotypic eukaryote genera
Taxa described in 1993 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet%20linguistics | Internet linguistics is a domain of linguistics advocated by the English linguist David Crystal. It studies new language styles and forms that have arisen under the influence of the Internet and of other new media, such as Short Message Service (SMS) text messaging. Since the beginning of human–computer interaction (HCI) leading to computer-mediated communication (CMC) and Internet-mediated communication (IMC), experts, such as Gretchen McCulloch have acknowledged that linguistics has a contributing role in it, in terms of web interface and usability. Studying the emerging language on the Internet can help improve conceptual organization, translation and web usability. Such study aims to benefit both linguists and web users combined.
The study of internet linguistics can take place through four main perspectives: sociolinguistics, education, stylistics and applied linguistics. Further dimensions have developed as a result of further technological advances, which include the development of the Web as corpus and the spread and influence of the stylistic variations brought forth by the spread of the Internet, through the mass media and through literary works. In view of the increasing number of users connected to the Internet, the linguistics future of the Internet remains to be determined, as new computer-mediated technologies continue to emerge and people adapt their languages to suit these new media. The Internet continues to play a significant role both in encouraging peopl |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminocoumarin | Aminocoumarin is a class of antibiotics that act by an inhibition of the DNA gyrase enzyme involved in the cell division in bacteria. They are derived from Streptomyces species, whose best-known representative – Streptomyces coelicolor – was completely sequenced in 2002.
The aminocoumarin antibiotics include:
Novobiocin, Albamycin (Pharmacia And Upjohn)
Coumermycin
Clorobiocin
Structure
The core of aminocoumarin antibiotics is made up of a 3-amino-4,7-dihydroxycumarin ring, which is linked, e.g., with a sugar in 7-Position and a benzoic acid derivative in 3-Position.
Clorobiocin is a natural antibiotic isolated from several Streptomyces strains and differs from novobiocin in that the methyl group at the 8 position in the coumarin ring of novobiocin is replaced by a chlorine atom, and the carbamoyl at the 3' position of the noviose sugar is substituted by a 5-methyl-2-pyrrolylcarbonyl group.
Mechanism of action
The aminocoumarin antibiotics are known inhibitors of DNA gyrase. Antibiotics of the aminocoumarin family exert their therapeutic activity by binding tightly to the B subunit of bacterial DNA gyrase, thereby inhibiting this essential enzyme. They compete with ATP
for binding to the B subunit of this enzyme and inhibit the ATP-dependent DNA supercoiling catalysed by gyrase. X-ray crystallography studies have confirmed binding at the ATP-binding site located on the gyrB subunit of DNA gyrase. Their affinity for gyrase is considerably higher than that of modern |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micellar%20cubic | A micellar cubic phase is a lyotropic liquid crystal phase formed when the concentration of micelles dispersed in a solvent (usually water) is sufficiently high that they are forced to pack into a structure having a long-ranged positional (translational) order. For example, spherical micelles a cubic packing of a body-centered cubic lattice. Normal topology micellar cubic phases, denoted by the symbol I1, are the first lyotropic liquid crystalline phases that are formed by type I amphiphiles. The amphiphiles' hydrocarbon tails are contained on the inside of the micelle and hence the polar-apolar interface of the aggregates has a positive mean curvature, by definition (it curves away from the polar phase). The first pure surfactant system found to exhibit three different type I (oil-in-water) micellar cubic phases was observed in the dodecaoxyethylene mono-n-dodecyl ether (C12EO12)/water system.
Inverse topology micellar cubic phases (such as the Fd3m phase) are observed for some type II amphiphiles at very high amphiphile concentrations. These aggregates, in which water is the minority phase, have a polar-apolar interface with a negative mean curvature. The structures of the normal topology micellar cubic phases that are formed by some types of amphiphiles (e.g. the oligoethyleneoxide monoalkyl ether series of non-ionic surfactants are the subject of debate. Micellar cubic phases are isotropic phases but are distinguished from micellar solutions by their very high viscosity. |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SocialRank | SocialRank (also called Social PageRank) is an algorithm that assigns a numerical weighting to each node in a Social networking service, with the purpose of measuring the node's - or the person's - relative importance or influence within the network.
One approach to define a SocialRank is to calculate a superposition of attention that a node directly receives and SocialRank of its neighborhood. This definition partly follows the idea of Google's PageRank and means that the SocialRank of a person depends on autonomous value and on the SocialRank of other people that link to it.
SocialRank is useful for characterizing communication networks such as Email or Instant Messaging, but it is particularly well-suited to describe users of Web 2.0 services such as Contact Management sites.
External links
Business Intelligence und Web 2.0 - Modellierung von Social Networks
Social networks
Social science indices |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hexagonal%20phase | A hexagonal phase of lyotropic liquid crystal is formed by some amphiphilic molecules when they are mixed with water or another polar solvent. In this phase, the amphiphile molecules are aggregated into cylindrical structures of indefinite length and these cylindrical aggregates are disposed on a hexagonal lattice, giving the phase long-range orientational order.
In normal topology hexagonal phases, which are formed by type I amphiphiles, the hydrocarbon chains are contained within the cylindrical aggregates such that the polar-apolar interface has a positive mean curvature. Inverse topology hexagonal phases have water within the cylindrical aggregates and the hydrocarbon chains fill the voids between the hexagonally packed cylinders. Normal topology hexagonal phases are denoted by HI while inverse topology hexagonal phases are denoted by HII. When viewed by polarization microscopy, thin films of both normal and inverse topology hexagonal phases exhibit birefringence, giving rise to characteristic optical textures. Typically, these textures are smoke-like, fan-like or mosaic in appearance. The phases are highly viscous and small air bubbles trapped within the preparation have highly distorted shapes. Size and shapes of lamellar, micellar and hexagonal phases of lipid bilayer phase behavior and mixed lipid polymorphism in aqueous dispersions can be easily identified and characterized by negative staining transmission electron microscopy too.
See also
Lamellar phase
Lipid pol |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFDA | NFDA may refer to:
National Food and Drug Authority, a licensing and regulatory agency in Uganda
National Franchised Dealers Association
N-substituted formamide deformylase, an enzyme |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHBT | SHBT may refer to:
Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology
Single heterojunction bipolar transistor
Surrey Historic Buildings Trust |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contraction%20principle%20%28large%20deviations%20theory%29 | In mathematics — specifically, in large deviations theory — the contraction principle is a theorem that states how a large deviation principle on one space "pushes forward" (via the pushforward of a probability measure) to a large deviation principle on another space via a continuous function.
Statement
Let X and Y be Hausdorff topological spaces and let (με)ε>0 be a family of probability measures on X that satisfies the large deviation principle with rate function I : X → [0, +∞]. Let T : X → Y be a continuous function, and let νε = T∗(με) be the push-forward measure of με by T, i.e., for each measurable set/event E ⊆ Y, νε(E) = με(T−1(E)). Let
with the convention that the infimum of I over the empty set ∅ is +∞. Then:
J : Y → [0, +∞] is a rate function on Y,
J is a good rate function on Y if I is a good rate function on X, and
(νε)ε>0 satisfies the large deviation principle on Y with rate function J.
References
(See chapter 4.2.1)
Asymptotic analysis
Large deviations theory
Mathematical principles
Probability theorems |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contraction%20principle | In mathematics, contraction principle may refer to:
Contraction principle (large deviations theory), a theorem that states how a large deviation principle on one space "pushes forward" to another space
Banach contraction principle, a tool in the theory of metric spaces |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richardson%27s%20theorem | In mathematics, Richardson's theorem establishes the undecidability of the equality of real numbers defined by expressions involving integers, , and exponential and sine functions. It was proved in 1968 by mathematician and computer scientist Daniel Richardson of the University of Bath.
Specifically, the class of expressions for which the theorem holds is that generated by rational numbers, the number π, the number ln 2, the variable x, the operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, composition, and the sin, exp, and abs functions.
For some classes of expressions (generated by other primitives than in Richardson's theorem) there exist algorithms that can determine whether an expression is zero.
Statement of the theorem
Richardson's theorem can be stated as follows:
Let E be a set of expressions that represent functions. Suppose that E includes these expressions:
x (representing the identity function)
ex (representing the exponential functions)
sin x (representing the sin function)
all rational numbers, ln 2, and π (representing constant functions that ignore their input and produce the given number as output)
Suppose E is also closed under a few standard operations. Specifically, suppose that if A and B are in E, then all of the following are also in E:
A + B (representing the pointwise addition of the functions that A and B represent)
A − B (representing pointwise subtraction)
AB (representing pointwise multiplication)
A∘B (representing the compositi |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KNN | KNN may refer to:
k-nearest neighbors algorithm (k-NN), a method for classifying objects
Nearest neighbor graph (k-NNG), a graph connecting each point to its k nearest neighbors
Kabataan News Network, a Philippine television show made by teens
Khanna railway station, in Khanna, Punjab, India (by Indian Railways code)
Kings Norton railway station, in Birmingham, England (by National Rail code)
Knighton News Network, the recurring TV station which hosts the news recap by Herb Herbertson at the beginning of every episode of Nexo Knights
Konkani language, spoken in the Konkan coast of India (by ISO 639-3 language code)
Korea New Network, broadcast television in South Korea
Kurdish News Network, news television network in Iraqi Kurdistan
Kankan Airport, Guinea (by IATA airport code) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leukotriene%20B4%20receptor%201 | {{DISPLAYTITLE:Leukotriene B4 receptor 1}}
Leukotriene B4 receptor 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LTB4R gene.
See also
Eicosanoid receptor
Etalocib, an antagonist at the leukotriene B4 receptor
References
Further reading
External links
G protein-coupled receptors |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anaphase%20lag | Anaphase lag is a consequence of an event during cell division where sister chromatids do not properly separate from each other because of improper spindle formation. The chromosome or chromatid does not properly migrate during anaphase and the daughter cells will lose some genetic information. It is one of many causes of aneuploidy. This event can occur during both meiosis and mitosis with unique repercussions. In either case, anaphase lag will cause one daughter cell to receive a complete set of chromosomes while the other lacks one paired set of chromosomes, creating a form of monosomy. Whether the cell survives depends on which sister chromatid was lost and the background genomic state of the cell. The passage of abnormal numbers of chromosomes will have unique consequences with regards to mosaicism and development as well as the progression and heterogeneity of cancers.
Mechanisms
There are two notable mechanisms that cause Anaphase Lag, each of which are characterized by merotelic attachments of kinetochores to the microtubules responsible for chromatid separation. Merotelic attachments occur when a single centromere kinetochore attaches to microtubules originating from both spindle poles of the dividing cell. The merotelic attachments can occur in two ways: centrosome spindle attachments from both poles on the same chromatid kinetochore or the formation of a third centrosome whose microtubule spindles attach to a chromatid kinetochore. Because the chromatid is bein |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria%20C.%20Tamargo | Maria C. Tamargo is a leading Cuban-American scientist in compound semiconductors and materials science. She is a professor of chemistry at The City College of New York.
Life and education
Maria Tamargo was born in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, in 1951 to Cuban parents. She lived in Havana, Cuba, from 1952 to 1962, at which time she moved with her family to the United States and has lived there ever since.
Maria Tamargo received her first degree (B.S.) in chemistry from the University of Puerto Rico in 1972. She moved to Johns Hopkins University where she completed an M.S. in chemistry in 1974 followed by a Ph.D. in chemistry in 1978.
She is married to MacRae Maxfield, also a chemist and educator, and has two children, Nicolas and Marcela Maxfield.
Research and career
Maria Tamargo's research covers a wide range of compound semiconductors and she has particular expertise in molecular beam epitaxy.
After completing her Ph.D. at Johns Hopkins University she spent several years as technical staff at AT&T Bell Labs (1978-1984) and Bellcore (1984-1993).
In 1993 she became a professor of chemistry at City College of New York. She is a member of the doctoral faculty in chemistry and physics at the CUNY Graduate Center, and electrical engineering at CCNY. Between 2001 and 2007 she held the post of dean of science at City College of New York. She is currently the center director of the National Science Foundation (NSF) CREST Center for Interface Design and Engineered Assembly of Low D |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materna%20coat%20of%20arms | Materna is a Polish coat of arms. It was used by one szlachta family in the times of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
See also
Heraldry
Polish heraldry
List of Polish nobility coats of arms
Ślepowron coat of arms
Korwin coat of arms
Sources
Dynastic Genealogy
Ornatowski.com
Słownik genealogiczny - leksykon
References
Polish coats of arms |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arna-Bj%C3%B8rnar | Arna-Bjørnar Fotball is a Norwegian football club from Arna, Bergen.
It was founded in late 2000 as a merger between the football branches from IL Bjørnar and Arna T&IL, and replaced Bjørnar IL in the league system from 2001. The women's team has played since then in the Toppserien apart from the 2005 season when it was in the First divisjon.
Prominent members of the women's team (2009) are goalkeepers Reidun Seth and Erika Skarbø, and Nigerian keeper Precious Dede brought in to cover while Skarbø recovers from a long-term wrist injury. Arna-Bjørnar has earned a reputation for developing young players and the squad includes the former and current Norway Under-19 captains, Maren Mjelde and Kristine Hegland, and prominent former Under-19 players Caroline Walde and Ingrid Ryland, both now Under-23 players, as well as senior international Madeleine Giske who played in the FIFA Women's World Cup 2007. The team has players in Norway's Under-17 team also.
Arna-Bjørnar's women's team is trained by Morten Kalvenes, brother of former Burnley player Christian Kalvenes.
In February 2011 the club had 13 players selected for Norway's international teams at senior level, Under-23, Under-19 and Under-17.
The men's team currently plays in the 3. divisjon, and reached the second round of the Norwegian Football Cup in 2012, when they lost 1–0 to Hødd who won the cup that season.
Women's team
Recent history
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyotropic%20liquid%20crystal | Lyotropic liquid crystals result when fat-loving and water-loving chemical compounds known as amphiphiles dissolve into a solution that behaves both like a liquid and a solid crystal. This liquid crystalline mesophase includes everyday mixtures like soap and water.
To break the word down, "lyo" and "tropic" mean, respectively, "dissolve" and "change." Historically, the term was used to describe the common behavior of materials composed of amphiphilic molecules upon the addition of a solvent. Such molecules comprise a water-loving hydrophilic head-group (which may be ionic or non-ionic) attached to a water-hating, hydrophobic group.
The micro-phase segregation of two incompatible components on a nanometer scale results in different type of solvent-induced extended anisotropic arrangement, depending on the volume balances between the hydrophilic part and hydrophobic part. In turn, they generate the long-range order of the phases, with the solvent molecules filling the space around the compounds to provide fluidity to the system.
In contrast to thermotropic liquid crystals, lyotropic liquid crystals have therefore an additional degree of freedom, that is the concentration that enables them to induce a variety of different phases. As the concentration of amphiphilic molecules is increased, several different type of lyotropic liquid crystal structures occur in solution. Each of these different types has a different extent of molecular ordering within the solvent matrix, from s |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WKRT%20%28FM%29 | WKRT (89.3 FM) is an American non-commercial radio station located in Richmond, Indiana, and operates on the assigned frequency of 89.3 MHz.
History
The station previously had the call sign of WVXR and was owned by Cincinnati Classical Public Radio. Three repeater stations (including WVXR) were sold to Christian Voice of Central Ohio in 2007 because of the small population and lack of a revenue stream from the outlying communities and to pay off the debt incurred by the purchase of seven stations in 2005 from Xavier University for $15 million. As of 2007, the then-WZRP was one of three stations that operated under the name of "The Promise Radio Network". In 2009, the station was sold by Christian Voices of Central Ohio to Educational Media Foundation. On October 7 of that year, the station officially became WKRT, broadcasting EMF's Adult contemporary Christian format, K-LOVE. The station changed its call sign to WJKL on July 11, 2019. The station reverted to the WKRT call letters on May 14, 2020.
References
External links
K-LOVE's website
KRT (FM)
KRT (FM)
K-Love radio stations
Radio stations established in 1989
1989 establishments in Indiana
Educational Media Foundation radio stations
Contemporary Christian radio stations in the United States |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbial%20biodegradation | Microbial biodegradation is the use of bioremediation and biotransformation methods to harness the naturally occurring ability of microbial xenobiotic metabolism to degrade, transform or accumulate environmental pollutants, including hydrocarbons (e.g. oil), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), heterocyclic compounds (such as pyridine or quinoline), pharmaceutical substances, radionuclides and metals.
Interest in the microbial biodegradation of pollutants has intensified in recent years, and recent major methodological breakthroughs have enabled detailed genomic, metagenomic, proteomic, bioinformatic and other high-throughput analyses of environmentally relevant microorganisms, providing new insights into biodegradative pathways and the ability of organisms to adapt to changing environmental conditions.
Biological processes play a major role in the removal of contaminants and take advantage of the catabolic versatility of microorganisms to degrade or convert such compounds. In environmental microbiology, genome-based global studies are increasing the understanding of metabolic and regulatory networks, as well as providing new information on the evolution of degradation pathways and molecular adaptation strategies to changing environmental conditions.
Aerobic biodegradation of pollutants
The increasing amount of bacterial genomic data provides new opportunities for understanding the genetic and molecular bases of the degradation of organic po |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WZCP | WZCP is an American non-commercial FM radio station located in Chillicothe, Ohio, and operates on the assigned frequency of 89.3 MHz. As of 2007, WZCP identifies itself on the air as "89.3 The River".
The station previously had the call sign of WVXC-FM and was owned by Cincinnati Classical Public Radio. Three repeater stations (including WVXC) were sold to Christian Voice of Central Ohio in 2007 because of the small population and lack of a revenue stream from the outlying communities and to pay off the debt
incurred by the purchase of 7 stations in 2005 from Xavier University for $15 million.
References
External links
Station website
ZCP
Radio stations established in 1987
1987 establishments in Ohio |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentadin | Pentadin, a sweet-tasting protein, was discovered and isolated in 1989, in the fruit of Oubli (Pentadiplandra brazzeana ), a climbing shrub growing in some tropical countries of Africa.
The fruit has been consumed by the apes and the natives for a long time. The berries of the plant were incredibly sweet African locals call them "j'oublie" (French for "I forget") because their taste helps nursing infants forget their mothers' milk.
Pentadin, with brazzein discovered in 1994, are the 2 sweet-tasting proteins discovered in this African fruit.
Pentadin molecular weight estimated to be 12kDa. It is reported to be 500 times sweeter than sucrose on a weight basis, with its sweetness having a slow onset and decline similar to monellin and thaumatin. However, pentadin's sweetness profile is closer to monellin than to thaumatin.
There are six sweet-tasting proteins - pentadin, thaumatin, monellin, mabinlin, brazzein, and curculin - that are all from isolated plants in tropical forests. They show no similarities in a structural or homologous sequence aspect.
Uses
The six sweet-tasting proteins can be used as a natural low-calorie sweetener to replace certain sugars. They are also good for the response of insulin in people who are diabetic.
See also
Brazzein
Mabinlin
Monellin
Thaumatin
References
Sugar substitutes
Proteins |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon%20Conservation%20Association | Amazon Conservation Association (ACA) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization working to conserve the biodiversity of the Amazon basin through the development of new scientific understanding, sustainable resource management and rational land-use policy.
Founded in 1999 by tropical ecologists Adrian Forsyth and Enrique Ortiz, the organization works in close partnership with the Peruvian nonprofit organization Asociación para la Conservación de la Cuenca Amazónica (ACCA), headquartered in Cuzco, and ACA-Bolivia, headquartered in La Paz. ACA and its sister organizations work by conducting scientific research and establishing partnerships with governments, local communities and other conservation organizations to expand the amount of land protected in the region.
A principal objective of the organization is to develop field research sites ranging from high elevation cloud forest to the lowland Amazonian forest. It is this altitudinal gradient that harbors the greatest known richness of species on the planet. At the ACA field sites university students and researchers are brought to study and observe this diverse ecosystem.
Programs
Monitoring of the Andean Amazon Project (MAAP)
The Monitoring of the Andean Amazon Project (MAAP) uses remotely sensed images of deforestation events in the Andean Amazon to identify potential causes of forest loss. They combine the use of NASA Earth observations and derived forest loss datasets with high-resolution imagery from Planet and DigitalG |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesk%20algorithm | The Lesk algorithm is a classical algorithm for word sense disambiguation introduced by Michael E. Lesk in 1986. It operates on the premise that words within a given context are likely to share a common meaning. This algorithm compares the dictionary definitions of an ambiguous word with the words in its surrounding context to determine the most appropriate sense. Variations, such as the Simplified Lesk algorithm, have demonstrated improved precision and efficiency. However, the Lesk algorithm has faced criticism for its sensitivity to definition wording and its reliance on brief glosses. Researchers have sought to enhance its accuracy by incorporating additional resources like thesauruses and syntactic models.
Overview
The Lesk algorithm is based on the assumption that words in a given "neighborhood" (section of text) will tend to share a common topic. A simplified version of the Lesk algorithm is to compare the dictionary definition of an ambiguous word with the terms contained in its neighborhood. Versions have been adapted to use WordNet. An implementation might look like this:
for every sense of the word being disambiguated one should count the number of words that are in both the neighborhood of that word and in the dictionary definition of that sense
the sense that is to be chosen is the sense that has the largest number of this count.
A frequently used example illustrating this algorithm is for the context "pine cone". The following dictionary definitions are use |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WZWP | WZWP is an American non-commercial FM radio station located in West Union, Ohio, and operates on the assigned frequency of 89.5 MHz. WZWP is one of seven stations in the King of Kings Radio network.
Programming
WZWP's programming consists of Christian talk and teaching shows such as Thru the Bible with J. Vernon McGee, Love Worth Finding with Adrian Rogers, In Touch with Charles Stanley, Focus on the Family, and Unshackled!. WZWP also airs a variety of Christian music.
History
The station began broadcasting in 1990, and held the call sign WVXM, airing a jazz/public radio format, and was an affiliate of NPR. The station was owned by Xavier University. In 1995, the station's call sign was changed to WVXW. The station was part of Xavier University's X-Star Radio Network.
In 2005, Xavier University sold the seven stations of the X-Star Radio Network, including WVXM, to Cincinnati Classical Public Radio for $15 million. The station would air a NPR-news and information format.
In 2007, three repeater stations (including WVXW) were sold to Christian Voice of Central Ohio in 2007 because of the small population and lack of a revenue stream from the outlying communities. That year, the station's call sign was changed to WZWP. WZWP would adopt a Christian format, airing primarily Christian talk and teaching programming, and was branded "The Promise". By 2010, the station was airing a Christian contemporary format and was branded "The River".
In 2011, Somerset Educational Broadcast |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farman%20F.120 | The Farman F.120 and its derivatives were a family of multi-engine airliners and bombers of the 1920s built by the Farman Aviation Works in France.
Design and development
The Jabiru, which was named after a Latin American stork, was a fixed-undercarriage sesquiplane powered by either two, three or four engines, depending on the variant. It featured an unusually broad chord, low aspect-ratio main wing and a very deep fuselage. The tri-motor variant had the centerline engine mounted high, giving it an unusual appearance.
The F.121 or F.3X was the first version to fly, with four 180 hp Hispano-Suiza 8Ac V8 engines mounted in tandem push-pull pairs mounted on stub wings, however this caused cooling problems for the rear engines and the F.120/F.4X version followed shortly afterwards, powered by three 300 hp Salmson Az.9 radial engines. Development continued and a single F.122, modified from an F.4X, was powered by two 400 hp Lorraine 12Db engines. Two military versions were also built, the F.123 with two 450 hp Hispano-Suiza 12Hb V12s, or F.124 with two 420 hp Gnome et Rhône 9Ad Jupiter radial engines.
Operational history
Despite being most commonly seen in lists of ugliest aircraft, following its first flight in 1923 it won a French airliner competition, the 1923 Grand Prix des Avions de Transports and its 500,000 francs first prize, before seeing service with several European airlines.
The Jabiru was capable of carrying up to 9 passengers, and served on Farman airline's route |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codexis | Codexis, Inc. is a protein engineering company that develops enzymes for pharmaceutical, food and medical applications.
History
Codexis is based in Redwood City, CA and was incorporated in 2002. It went public in April 2010 on NASDAQ, and in October, acquired Maxygen's MolecularBreeding technology portfolio.
Pharmaceutical
Codexis won the Presidential Green Chemistry Challenge Award from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 2006 for its work on a building block of Lipitor. It then won a second time in 2010 for its work with Merck & Co. on the active ingredient in Januvia.
Nutrition
In 2017, the company entered a partnership with Tate & Lyle to provide research and development for the production of new ingredients. That same year, Codexis announced a collaboration with Nestle to provide enzymes for metabolic disorders.
Biotherapeutics
In 2017, Codexis developed a recombinant phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) enzyme, to act as a substitute phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) enzyme for people who suffer from phenylketonuria. The enzyme was in-licensed by Nestle Health Sciences.
In 2020, Takeda Pharmaceutical announced a collaboration with Codexis to research and create gene therapies for rare diseases, including lysosomal storage disorders.
Life science
In June 2020, they announced a partnership with Molecular Assemblies to engineer enzymes for DNA synthesis.
Technology
Codexis uses directed evolution to develop its enzymes. Using this method, scientists g |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural%20algorithm | Cultural algorithms (CA) are a branch of evolutionary computation where there is a knowledge component that is called the belief space in addition to the population component. In this sense, cultural algorithms can be seen as an extension to a conventional genetic algorithm. Cultural algorithms were introduced by Reynolds (see references).
Belief space
The belief space of a cultural algorithm is divided into distinct categories. These categories represent different domains of knowledge that the population has of the search space.
The belief space is updated after each iteration by the best individuals of the population. The best individuals can be selected using a fitness function that assesses the performance of each individual in population much like in genetic algorithms.
List of belief space categories
Normative knowledge A collection of desirable value ranges for the individuals in the population component e.g. acceptable behavior for the agents in population.
Domain specific knowledge Information about the domain of the cultural algorithm problem is applied to.
Situational knowledge Specific examples of important events - e.g. successful/unsuccessful solutions
Temporal knowledge History of the search space - e.g. the temporal patterns of the search process
Spatial knowledge Information about the topography of the search space
Population
The population component of the cultural algorithm is approximately the same as that of the genetic algorithm.
Communicati |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differentiation%20of%20measures | In mathematics, differentiation of measures may refer to:
the problem of differentiation of integrals, also known as the differentiation problem for measures;
the Radon–Nikodym derivative of one measure with respect to another.
the theory of differentiable measures. |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stein%E2%80%93Str%C3%B6mberg%20theorem | In mathematics, the Stein–Strömberg theorem or Stein–Strömberg inequality is a result in measure theory concerning the Hardy–Littlewood maximal operator. The result is foundational in the study of the problem of differentiation of integrals. The result is named after the mathematicians Elias M. Stein and Jan-Olov Strömberg.
Statement of the theorem
Let λn denote n-dimensional Lebesgue measure on n-dimensional Euclidean space Rn and let M denote the Hardy–Littlewood maximal operator: for a function f : Rn → R, Mf : Rn → R is defined by
where Br(x) denotes the open ball of radius r with center x. Then, for each p > 1, there is a constant Cp > 0 such that, for all natural numbers n and functions f ∈ Lp(Rn; R),
In general, a maximal operator M is said to be of strong type (p, p) if
for all f ∈ Lp(Rn; R). Thus, the Stein–Strömberg theorem is the statement that the Hardy–Littlewood maximal operator is of strong type (p, p) uniformly with respect to the dimension n.
References
Inequalities
Theorems in measure theory
Operator theory |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Class%20III%20%CE%B2-tubulin | Class III β-tubulin, otherwise known as βIII-tubulin (β3-tubulin) or β-tubulin III, is a microtubule element of the tubulin family found almost exclusively in neurons, and in testis cells. In humans, it is encoded by the TUBB3 gene.
It is possible to use monoclonal antibodies and immunohistochemistry to identify neurons in samples of brain tissue, separating neurons from glial cells, which do not express Class III β-tubulin.
Class III β-tubulin is one of the seven β-tubulin isotypes identified in the human genome, predominantly in neurons and the testis. It is conditionally expressed in a number of other tissues after exposure to a toxic microenvironment featured by hypoxia and poor nutrient supply. Posttranslational changes including phosphorylation and glycosylation are required for functional activity.
Class III β-tubulin's role in neural development has warranted its use as an early biomarker of neural cell differentiation from multi potent progenitors. TUBB3 inactivation impairs neural progenitor proliferation. Rescue experiments demonstrate the non-interchangeability of TUBB3 with other classes of β-tubulins which cannot restore the phenotype resulting from TUBB3 inactivation. Congenital neurologic syndromes associated with TUBB3 missense mutations demonstrate the critical importance of class III β-tubulin for normal neural development.
Gene
The human TUBB3 gene is located on chromosome 16q24.3, and consists of 4 exons that transcribe a protein of 450aa. A shorter |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetorphine | Acetorphine is a potent opioid analgesic, up to 8700 times stronger than morphine by weight. It is a derivative of the more well-known opioid etorphine, which is used as a very potent veterinary painkiller and anesthetic medication, primarily for the sedation of large animals such as elephants, giraffes and rhinos.
Acetorphine was developed in 1966 by the Reckitt research group that developed etorphine. Acetorphine was developed for the same purpose as etorphine itself, namely as a strong tranquilizer for use in immobilizing large animals in veterinary medicine. Despite showing some advantages over etorphine, for instance producing less toxic side effects in giraffes, acetorphine was never widely adopted for veterinary use, and etorphine (along with other tranquilizers such as carfentanil and azaperone) remains the drug of choice in this application.
Legal Status
Australia
Acetorphine is a schedule 9 substance in Australia under the Poisons Standard (February 2017). A schedule 9 drug is outlined in the Poisons Act 1964 as "Substances which may be abused or misused, the manufacture, possession, sale or use of which should be prohibited by law except when required for medical or scientific research, or for analytical, teaching or training purposes with approval of the CEO."
Under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1981 6.0 g is the amount required determining a court of trial, 2.0 g is considered intent to sell and supply.
Germany
Acetorphine is illegal in Germany (Anlage I).
Unit |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio-frequency%20engineering | Radio-frequency (RF) engineering is a subset of electronic engineering involving the application of transmission line, waveguide, antenna and electromagnetic field principles to the design and application of devices that produce or use signals within the radio band, the frequency range of about 20 kHz up to 300 GHz.
It is incorporated into almost everything that transmits or receives a radio wave, which includes, but is not limited to, mobile phones, radios, WiFi, and two-way radios.
RF engineering is a highly specialized field that typically includes the following areas of expertise:
Design of antenna systems to provide radiative coverage of a specified geographical area by an electromagnetic field or to provide specified sensitivity to an electromagnetic field impinging on the antenna.
Design of coupling and transmission line structures to transport RF energy without radiation.
Application of circuit elements and transmission line structures in the design of oscillators, amplifiers, mixers, detectors, combiners, filters, impedance transforming networks and other devices.
Verification and measurement of performance of radio frequency devices and systems.
To produce quality results, the RF engineer needs to have an in-depth knowledge of mathematics, physics and general electronics theory as well as specialized training in areas such as wave propagation, impedance transformations, filters and microstrip printed circuit board design.
Radio electronics
Radio electronics is |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heterocodeine | Heterocodeine (6-methoxymorphine) is an opiate derivative, the 6-methyl ether of morphine, and a structural isomer of codeine; it is called "hetero-" because it is the reverse isomer of codeine. Heterocodeine was first synthesised in 1932 and first patented in 1935. It can be made from morphine by selective methylation. Codeine is the natural mono-methyl ether, but must be metabolized for activity (that is, it is a prodrug). In contrast the semi-synthetic mono-methyl ether, heterocodeine is a direct agonist. The 6,7,8,14 tetradehydro 3,6 methyl di-ether of morphine is thebaine.
Heterocodeine is 6 times more potent than morphine due to having a substitution at the 6-hydroxy position, in a similar manner to 6-acetylmorphine. The drug methyldihydromorphine (dihydroheterocodeine) is a derivative of heterocodeine. Like the morphine metabolite morphine-6-glucuronide, 6-position branches (esters or ethers) of morphine bind to the otherwise unagonized human mu receptor subtype mu-3 (or μ3); as well as the 6-acetylmorphine metabolite of heroin this includes heterocodeine.
The relative strength of heterocodeine to codeine has been published as 50, 72, 81, 88, 93, 96, and 108 ×.
It is not mentioned specifically in the Controlled Substances Act 1970 but is a Schedule II controlled substance as an analogue of morphinan or morphine under the morphine structure rules of the Analogues Act; in other countries it is usually controlled as a strong opioid.
Homocodeine is a synonym for phol |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macrocrystalline | In geology, macrocrystalline rocks have crystals large enough to easily be identified by sight with the naked eye.
Macrocrystalline rocks can be further subdivided into fine-grained, medium-grained, large-grained, and coarse-grained rock, where fine-grained rocks have a grain size of less than 1 mm, medium-grained rocks have a grain size of 1 to 5 mm, large-grained rocks one of 5 to 10 mm, and coarse-grained rocks one larger than 10 mm. Some macrocrystalline rocks may also have a porphyritic texture. Crystals requiring microscopic or X-ray analysis for identification are termed microcrystalline or cryptocrystalline.
Macrocrystalline or phaneritic texture is common in intrusive igneous rocks that cooled slowly enough for crystal growth. Pegmatites are noted for their large crystal size. The texture is also commonly found in late-diagenetic dolomite, recrystallized limestone, and some types of anhydrite.
References
Mineralogy
Petrology |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensilica | Tensilica Inc. was a company based in Silicon Valley in the semiconductor intellectual property core business. It is now a part of Cadence Design Systems.
Tensilica is known for its customizable Xtensa microprocessor core. Other products include: HiFi audio/voice DSPs (digital signal processors) with a software library of over 225 codecs from Cadence and over 100 software partners; Vision DSPs that handle complex algorithms in imaging, video, computer vision, and neural networks; and the ConnX family of baseband DSPs ranging from the dual-MAC ConnX D2 to the 64-MAC ConnX BBE64EP.
Tensilica was founded in 1997 by Chris Rowen (one of the founders of MIPS Technologies). It employed Earl Killian, who contributed to the MIPS architecture, as director of architecture. On March 11, 2013, Cadence Design Systems announced its intent to buy Tensilica for approximately $380 million in cash. Cadence completed the acquisition in April 2013, with a cash outlay at closing of approximately $326 million.
Cadence Tensilica products
Cadence Tensilica develops SIP blocks to be included on the chip (IC) designs of products of their licensees, such as system on a chip for embedded systems. Tensilica processors are delivered as synthesizable RTL for easy integration into chip designs.
Xtensa configurable cores
Xtensa processors range from small, low-power cache-less microcontroller to high-performance 16-way SIMD processors, 3-issue VLIW DSP cores, or 1 TMAC/sec neural network processors. All |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum%20spin%20Hall%20effect | The quantum spin Hall state is a state of matter proposed to exist in special, two-dimensional semiconductors that have a quantized spin-Hall conductance and a vanishing charge-Hall conductance. The quantum spin Hall state of matter is the cousin of the integer quantum Hall state, and that does not require the application of a large magnetic field. The quantum spin Hall state does not break charge conservation symmetry and spin- conservation symmetry (in order to have well defined Hall conductances).
Description
The first proposal for the existence of a quantum spin Hall state was developed by Charles Kane and Gene Mele who adapted an earlier model for graphene by F. Duncan M. Haldane which exhibits an integer quantum Hall effect. The Kane and Mele model is two copies of the Haldane model such that the spin up electron exhibits a chiral integer quantum Hall Effect while the spin down electron exhibits an anti-chiral integer quantum Hall effect. A relativistic version of the quantum spin Hall effect was introduced in the 1990s for the numerical simulation of chiral gauge theories; the simplest example consisting of a parity and time reversal symmetric U(1) gauge theory with bulk fermions of opposite sign mass, a massless Dirac surface mode, and bulk currents that carry chirality but not charge (the spin Hall current analogue). Overall the Kane-Mele model has a charge-Hall conductance of exactly zero but a spin-Hall conductance of exactly (in units of ). Independently, a quan |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDMA%20mobile%20test%20set | A CDMA Mobile Test Set is a call simulating device that is used to test CDMA cell phones. It provides a network-like environment forming a platform to test the cell phone. This reduces cost of manufacturing and testing the cell phone in a real environment. It can be used to test all major 2G, 2.5G, 3G and 3.5G wireless technologies.
In a lab, high-precision measurement correction over the entire frequency and dynamic range as well as compensation for temperature effects in realtime are critical factors for achieving accuracy. A good quality mobile test set helps in achieving excellent accuracy, which is a major concern for mobile manufacturers.
Technologies supported
A mobile test set should ideally support the following technologies:
CDMA2000
WCDMA
Bluetooth
GSM
1xEVDO
Analog
TDMA
Tests that can be performed
RF (Antenna)
Audio
LC Display
DUT Camera and Keypad
Other DUT Interfaces
Companies that manufacture Mobile test set
Rohde & Schwarz
Agilent
Anritsu
Product Types
Agilent 8960
Agilent 8924C (Older model)
R&S CMU200 Universal Radio Communication Tester
Anritsu MT8820C
Anritsu MT8870A
Anritsu MD8475A
References
Agilent Technologies, http://www.home.agilent.com/agilent/product.jspx?nid=-536900143.0.00&lc=eng&cc=US
Rohde & Schwarz International, http://www2.rohde-schwarz.com/en/products/test_and_measurement/product_categories/mobile_radio/
Anritsu Corporation, http://www.anritsu.com/en-US/Products-Solutions/Test-Measurement/Mobile-Wireless-Communications/Handset-On |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical%20Ecosystem%20Partnership%20Fund | Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund (CEPF) is a joint biodiversity conservation initiative of , Conservation International, European Union, Global Environment Facility, Government of Japan, and World Bank. CEPF also receives funding from several regional donors, including the MAVA Foundation, Margaret A. Cargill Philanthropies, and The Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust. The fund's headquarters are hosted at Conservation International in Arlington, Virginia, United States.
CEPF works to protect ecosystems and the species within them by awarding grants to local and international civil society organizations working in biodiversity hotspots around the world. Grant recipients include nonprofit organizations, indigenous peoples groups and small businesses, among others.
Since its inception, CEPF has funded conservation projects in 25 biodiversity hotspots across 105 countries and territories. The fund has committed a total of US$259 million to more than 2,500 civil society organizations.
History
CEPF was developed by Conservation International's founding CEO Peter Seligmann and former president of the World Bank James Wolfensohn. The fund was founded in 2000 and began awarding grants in 2001.
In addition to Conservation International and the World Bank, the Global Environment Facility was a founding partner. Four additional donors later joined: L'Agence Française de Développement, the European Union, the Government of Japan and the MacArthur Foundation. The MacAr |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babu%C5%A1ka%E2%80%93Lax%E2%80%93Milgram%20theorem | In mathematics, the Babuška–Lax–Milgram theorem is a generalization of the famous Lax–Milgram theorem, which gives conditions under which a bilinear form can be "inverted" to show the existence and uniqueness of a weak solution to a given boundary value problem. The result is named after the mathematicians Ivo Babuška, Peter Lax and Arthur Milgram.
Background
In the modern, functional-analytic approach to the study of partial differential equations, one does not attempt to solve a given partial differential equation directly, but by using the structure of the vector space of possible solutions, e.g. a Sobolev space W k,p. Abstractly, consider two real normed spaces U and V with their continuous dual spaces U∗ and V∗ respectively. In many applications, U is the space of possible solutions; given some partial differential operator Λ : U → V∗ and a specified element f ∈ V∗, the objective is to find a u ∈ U such that
However, in the weak formulation, this equation is only required to hold when "tested" against all other possible elements of V. This "testing" is accomplished by means of a bilinear function B : U × V → R which encodes the differential operator Λ; a weak solution to the problem is to find a u ∈ U such that
The achievement of Lax and Milgram in their 1954 result was to specify sufficient conditions for this weak formulation to have a unique solution that depends continuously upon the specified datum f ∈ V∗: it suffices that U = V is a Hilbert space, that B is |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhizodermis | Rhizodermis is the root epidermis (also referred to as epiblem), the outermost primary cell layer of the root.
Specialized rhisodermal cells, trichoblasts, form long tubular structures (from 5 to 17 micrometers in diameter and from 80 micrometers to 1.5 millimeters in length) almost perpendicular to the main cell axis - root hairs that absorb water and nutrients. Root hairs of the rhizodermis are always in close contact with soil particles and because of their high surface to volume ratio form an absorbing surface which is much larger than the transpiring surfaces of the plant.
With some species of the family Fabaceae, the rhizodermis participates in the recognition and the uptake of nitrogen-fixing Rhizobia bacteria - the first stage of nodulation leading to formation of root nodules. Rhizodermis plays an important role in nutrient uptake by the plant roots.
In contrast with the epidermis, rhizodermis contains no stomata, and is not covered by cuticle. Its unique feature is the presence of root hairs. Root hair is the outgrowth of a single rhizodermal cell. They occur in high frequency in the adsorptive zone of the root. Root hair derives from a trichoblast as a result of an unequal division. It contains a large vacuole; its cytoplasm and nucleus are superseded to the apical region of the outgrowth. Although it does not divide, its DNA replicates so the nucleus is polyploid. Root hairs live only for few days, and die off in 1–2 days due to mechanical damages.
References
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivo%20Babu%C5%A1ka | Ivo M. Babuška (22 March 1926 – 12 April 2023) was a Czech-American mathematician, noted for his studies of the finite element method and the proof of the Babuška–Lax–Milgram theorem in partial differential equations. One of the celebrated result in the finite elements is the so-called Ladyzenskaja–Babuška–Brezzi (LBB) condition (also referred to in some literature as Banach–Nečas–Babuška (BNB)), which provides sufficient conditions for a stable mixed formulation. The LBB condition has guided mathematicians and engineers to develop state-of-the-art formulations for many technologically important problems like Darcy flow, Stokes flow, incompressible Navier–Stokes, nearly incompressible elasticity.
Babuška is also well known for his work on adaptive methods and the p-- and hp--versions of the finite element method. He also developed the mathematical framework for the partition of unity methods.
Babuška was elected as a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 2005 for contributions to the theory and implementation of finite element methods for computer-based engineering analysis and design.
Biography
Ivo Babuška was born on 22 March 1926, in Prague, the son of architect Milan Babuška (who designed the National Technical Museum in Prague) and his wife Marie. He studied civil engineering at the Czech Technical University in Prague, where he received the Dipl. Ing in 1949. In 1951 he received the degree Dr. Tech.; his doctoral dissertation was supervised by Eduard Čech |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark%20Pharmaceuticals | Quark Pharmaceuticals is a pharmaceutical company that develops RNA interference-based treatments for chronic and acute diseases.
History highlights
On August 1, 2021, Quark closed up operations in the United States.
Establishes a Chinese joint venture with Suzhuo and raises RMB45 million for the joint venture. The JV will develop QPI-1007 for China and other markets.
Enters into a license and collaboration agreement with Biocon Ltd. To develop QPI-1007 for India and other key markets.
Reports results for PF-655 (formerly PF-04523655 or RTP801I-14) from a Phase II trial in patients with diabetic macular edema.
Enters into a licensing option agreement with Novartis to obtain exclusive worldwide rights to QPI-1002.
Closes $27 million financing with SBI Holdings, Inc., of Japan.
In August 2007, Medical News Today announced that Quark obtained positive preclinical results of systemic RNAi compound for acute kidney injury. The study showed that rats that were treated with the injection of Quark's siRNA AKIi-5, which inhibits the gene P53, where significantly protected from ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury compared to the ones that were not treated. The result showed a favorable safety profile for the drug with a therapeutic index in rats greater than 250.
Quark Pharmaceutical signed a collaboration agreement with the University of Michigan for the development of proprietary SiRNA for noise-induced hearing loss. The collaboration includes studies on differ |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VSM%20Group | VSM Group AB (Viking Sewing Machines), previously named Husqvarna Sewing Machines is a company based in Huskvarna, Sweden.
Founded in 1872, the company is best known for "smart" (computerized) sewing machines and sergers under the brands Husqvarna Viking and Pfaff. The VSM brand produces several lines of sewing machines, the top being the Designer series and the lowest being the mechanical (non-computerized) Huskystars. The sewing machines change every year or so as the experts create upgrades. In February 2006 VSM Group was bought by Kohlberg & Co., who already owned the brand Singer. Singer and VSM Group have been merged into a company named SVP Worldwide, with headquarters in Hamilton, Bermuda, where the initials are reflecting the brands Singer, Viking and Pfaff.
History
In 1999, VSM Group took over Pfaff sewing machines. In December 2005, Industri Kapital sold VSM Group to Kohlberg Management IV, already owner of the Singer1 brand. The merger of the two entities then gave birth to SVP Worldwide, whose head office is in Hamilton, Bermuda. The name SVP identifies the three brands of the merger (Singer, VSM, Pfaff). All brands used by VSM group are under license from KSIN Luxembourg2.
See also
List of sewing machine brands
References
External links
Husqvarna Viking sewing machines
Sewing machine brands
Manufacturing companies of Sweden
Companies established in 1872
Swedish brands
Companies based in Jönköping County |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Husqvarna%20Motorcycles | Husqvarna Motorcycles GmbH (; marketed as Husqvarna) is a Swedish-origin Austrian company which designs, engineers, manufactures and distributes motocross, enduro, supermoto and street motorcycles.
The company began producing motorcycles in 1903 at Huskvarna, Sweden, as a subsidiary of the Husqvarna armament firm. Today, Husqvarna Motorcycles GmbH is owned by PIERER Mobility Group.
History
Prior to 1987
Husqvarna was founded near the town of Huskvarna in Sweden in 1689. The company started out as a maker of muskets, and the Husqvarna logo still depicts a gun sight viewed from the end of the barrel.
As with many motorcycle manufacturers, Husqvarna first began producing bicycles in the late 19th century. In 1903, they made the jump to motorcycle manufacturing. The first "Husky" motorcycles used imported engines, and it was not until 1918 that Husqvarna began producing machines built entirely in-house. Around that time they secured a contract with the Swedish Army, and also began entering cross-country and long-distance motorcycle races. In 1920, Husqvarna established its own engine factory and the first engine to be designed was a 550 cc four-stroke 50-degree side-valve V-twin engine, similar to those made by companies like Harley-Davidson and Indian.
Husqvarna competed in Grand Prix road racing in the 350cc and 500cc classes during the 1930s and was Sweden's largest motorcycle manufacturer by 1939. All of the racing bikes were based on a 50-degree V-twin prototype built |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LEMON%20%28C%2B%2B%20library%29 | LEMON is an open source graph library written in the C++ language providing implementations of common data structures and algorithms with focus on combinatorial optimization tasks connected mainly with graphs and networks. The library is part of the COIN-OR project.
LEMON is an abbreviation of Library for Efficient Modeling and Optimization in Networks.
Design
LEMON employs genericity in C++ by using templates. The tools of the library are designed to be versatile, convenient and highly efficient. They can be combined easily to solve complex real-life optimization problems. For example, LEMON’s graphs can differ in many ways (depending on the representation and other specialities), but all have to satisfy one or more graph concepts, which are standardized interfaces to work with the rest of the library.
Features
LEMON provides
Graph structures and related tools
Graph search algorithms
Shortest path algorithms
Maximum flow algorithms
Minimum cost flow algorithms
Minimum cut algorithms
Connectivity and other graph properties
Maximum cardinality and minimum cost perfect matching algorithms
Minimum cost spanning tree algorithms
Approximation algorithms
Auxiliary algorithms
LEMON also contains some metaheuristic optimization tools and provides a general high-level interface for several LP and MIP solvers, such as GLPK, ILOG CPLEX, CLP, CBC, SoPlex.
LEMON has its own graph storing format, the so called Lemon Graph Format and includes general EPS drawing methods an |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analytic%20semigroup | In mathematics, an analytic semigroup is particular kind of strongly continuous semigroup. Analytic semigroups are used in the solution of partial differential equations; compared to strongly continuous semigroups, analytic semigroups provide better regularity of solutions to initial value problems, better results concerning perturbations of the infinitesimal generator, and a relationship between the type of the semigroup and the spectrum of the infinitesimal generator.
Definition
Let Γ(t) = exp(At) be a strongly continuous one-parameter semigroup on a Banach space (X, ||·||) with infinitesimal generator A. Γ is said to be an analytic semigroup if
for some 0 < θ < π/ 2, the continuous linear operator exp(At) : X → X can be extended to t ∈ Δθ ,
and the usual semigroup conditions hold for s, t ∈ Δθ : exp(A0) = id, exp(A(t + s)) = exp(At) exp(As), and, for each x ∈ X, exp(At)x is continuous in t;
and, for all t ∈ Δθ \ {0}, exp(At) is analytic in t in the sense of the uniform operator topology.
Characterization
The infinitesimal generators of analytic semigroups have the following characterization:
A closed, densely defined linear operator A on a Banach space X is the generator of an analytic semigroup if and only if there exists an ω ∈ R such that the half-plane Re(λ) > ω is contained in the resolvent set of A and, moreover, there is a constant C such that
for Re(λ) > ω and where is the resolvent of the operator A. Such operators are called sec |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCR2 | C-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2 or CD192 (cluster of differentiation 192) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCR2 gene. CCR2 is a CC chemokine receptor.
Gene
This CCR2 gene is located in the chemokine receptor gene cluster region. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants are expressed by the gene.
Function
This gene encodes two isoforms of a receptor for monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (CCL2), a chemokine which specifically mediates monocyte chemotaxis. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 is involved in monocyte infiltration in inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis as well as in the inflammatory response against tumors. The receptors encoded by this gene mediate agonist-dependent calcium mobilization and inhibition of adenylyl cyclase.
Animal studies
Alzheimer
CCR2 deficient mice have been shown to develop an accelerated Alzheimer's-like pathology in comparison to wild type mice. This is not the first time that immune function and inflammation have been linked to age-related cognitive decline (i.e. dementia).
Obesity
Within the fat (adipose) tissue of CCR2 deficient mice, there is an increased number of eosinophils, greater alternative macrophage activation, and a propensity towards type 2 cytokine expression. Furthermore, this effect was exaggerated when the mice became obese from a high fat diet.
Myocardial Infarct
CCR2 surface expression on blood monocytes changes in a time-of-day–dependent manner (being higher at the beginn |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benny%20Lekstr%C3%B6m | Benny Johan Einar Lekström (born 19 February 1981) Swedish former footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He is a current goalkeeper coach of IF Brommapojkarna.
He has previously played for Enskede IK, IF Brommapojkarna, FK Mjølner, Tromsø IL and IK Sirius.
Career
Born in Enskede, Sweden, Lekström played for Hammarby IF from 2005 to 2007, and left Hammarby on a free transfer to IF Brommapojkarna, where he played from 2008 to 2010. After one season in the Norwegian club Mjølner, Lekstrøm signed a two-year deal with Tromsø on 19 October 2011, starting from January 2012.
He represented IK Sirius during one season in 2016, before leaving the club by mutual consent.
On 14 July 2017, Lekström returned to Hammarby on a six month-contract. He left the club at the end of 2018. On 22 February 2019, he then joined IF Brommapojkarna to replace first keeper Hampus Elgán, who had been injured. On 5 August 2019 the club announced, that Lekström would continue at the club as a goalkeeper coach.
Career statistics
Honours
IK Sirius
Superettan: 2016
References
External links
1981 births
Living people
Swedish men's footballers
Men's association football goalkeepers
IF Brommapojkarna players
Hammarby Fotboll players
FK Mjølner players
Tromsø IL players
IK Sirius Fotboll players
Allsvenskan players
Superettan players
Eliteserien players
Norwegian First Division players
Swedish expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Norway
Swedish expatriate sportspeople in Norway |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cram%C3%A9r%27s%20decomposition%20theorem | Cramér’s decomposition theorem for a normal distribution is a result of probability theory. It is well known that, given independent normally distributed random variables ξ1, ξ2, their sum is normally distributed as well. It turns out that the converse is also true. The latter result, initially announced by Paul Lévy, has been proved by Harald Cramér. This became a starting point for a new subfield in probability theory, decomposition theory for random variables as sums of independent variables (also known as arithmetic of probabilistic distributions).
The precise statement of the theorem
Let a random variable ξ be normally distributed and admit a decomposition as a sum ξ=ξ1+ξ2 of two independent random variables. Then the summands ξ1 and ξ2 are normally distributed as well.
A proof of Cramér's decomposition theorem uses the theory of entire functions.
See also
Raikov's theorem: Similar result for Poisson distribution.
References
Probability theorems
Theorems in statistics
Characterization of probability distributions |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garnet%20%28name%29 | Garnet is a name of Middle English origin, derived from the dark red gemstone, which was in turn named for the pomegranate that the garnet crystals resemble. The surname Garnett comes from an Old English occupational surname referring to a seller of hinges. It is both a surname and a given name.
The name came into occasional use along with other gem names during the late Victorian era. Garnet was among the top 1,000 names for girls in the United States between 1884 and 1944. It was most popular in 1911, when it was the 376th most popular given name for American girls. It was in occasional use for boys in the United States between 1882 and 1925. It was most popular in 1904, when it was 593rd most popular name for American boys. The name has not appeared among the top 1,000 names for boys or girls since 1944 in the United States.
People
Surname
Eldon Garnet (born 1946), Canadian artist
Henry Garnet (1555–1606), English Jesuit
Henry Highland Garnet (1815–1882), African-American abolishionist
John Roslyn Garnet (1906–1998), Australian biochemist and naturalist
Sarah J. Garnet (1883–1911), African-American educator
Thomas Garnet (1575–1608), English Jesuit priest
First name
Garnet Ault (1905–1993), Canadian swimmer
Garnet Bailey (1946–2001), Canadian ice hockey player
Garnet Baltimore (1859–1946), African-American engineer
Garnet Bloomfield (born 1929), Canadian politician
Garnet Bougoure (1923–2008), Australian jockey
Garnet Brown (1930–2010), Canadian businessman |
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